index int64 5 229k | q_id stringlengths 5 6 | question stringlengths 3 300 | best_answer stringlengths 15 11k | all_answers list | num_answers int64 1 125 | top_answers list | num_top_answers int64 0 48 | context stringlengths 1.13k 14.5k | orig stringlengths 1.24k 14.7k | target stringlengths 23 11k |
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172,543 | 21qr1z | why is it so hard to find the temperature sweet spot in most showers? | Its definitely not perception, on my shower setting 9 is cold and setting 10 (the hottest) is like fucking lava, however if I change the pressure settings to higher setting 6 on temp is perfect for me. So if your shower has different pressure settings, try changing that to see if it helps | [
"Its definitely not perception, on my shower setting 9 is cold and setting 10 (the hottest) is like fucking lava, however if I change the pressure settings to higher setting 6 on temp is perfect for me. So if your shower has different pressure settings, try changing that to see if it helps "
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> of about 90°F works as a catalyst to further improve the chances of mating. <P> Numerous analytical, numerical and experimental work have been done in the subsequent years that showed supporting evidence for Heaton's model. Pulse like mode of rupture is now a widely accepted model and it is sometimes even called He... | question: why is it so hard to find the temperature sweet spot in most showers? context: <P> of about 90°F works as a catalyst to further improve the chances of mating. <P> Numerous analytical, numerical and experimental work have been done in the subsequent years that showed supporting evidence for Heaton's model. Pul... | answer: Its definitely not perception, on my shower setting 9 is cold and setting 10 (the hottest) is like fucking lava, however if I change the pressure settings to higher setting 6 on temp is perfect for me. So if your shower has different pressure settings, try changing that to see if it helps |
82,175 | 3g18yc | Did Japanese swordsmen ever actually test cut their swords on convicted criminals? | Happily, the wikipedia article cites its claims with links directly to the original pages in Google books, so you can read the sources with one click.Interestingly, the primary sources for a lot of these claims is the swords themselves. A proper *tameshigiri* was a formal affair, and once completed, the details would b... | [
"Happily, the wikipedia article cites its claims with links directly to the original pages in Google books, so you can read the sources with one click.\n\nInterestingly, the primary sources for a lot of these claims is the swords themselves. A proper *tameshigiri* was a formal affair, and once completed, the detail... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> Torimono sandōgu The torimono sandōgu (also torimono hogu or mitsu dogu) were known as the three tools of arresting. The torimono sandōgu were three types of pole weapons used by the samurai class and their retainers in feudal Japan during the Edo period. History In Edo period Japan the samurai were in charge of p... | question: Did Japanese swordsmen ever actually test cut their swords on convicted criminals? context: <P> Torimono sandōgu The torimono sandōgu (also torimono hogu or mitsu dogu) were known as the three tools of arresting. The torimono sandōgu were three types of pole weapons used by the samurai class and their retain... | answer: Happily, the wikipedia article cites its claims with links directly to the original pages in Google books, so you can read the sources with one click.Interestingly, the primary sources for a lot of these claims is the swords themselves. A proper *tameshigiri* was a formal affair, and once completed, the details... |
158,268 | 4k50j6 | why is it easier to remember images/pictures as compared to textual words? | It's not for me. People learn differently. I see words in my head. I often forget people's faces. | [
"It's not for me. People learn differently. I see words in my head. I often forget people's faces. ",
"Probably because (if you think about it from a scientific, evolutionary perspective) animals evolved to respond to what they see, meaning they have to quickly interpret their surroundings visually in order to re... | 3 | [
"It's not for me. People learn differently. I see words in my head. I often forget people's faces. "
] | 1 | <P> of sight words gives students a better start to learning to read.
Recognizing sight words automatically is said to be advantageous for beginning readers because many of these words have unusual spelling patterns, cannot be sounded out using basic phonics knowledge and cannot be represented using pictures. For examp... | question: why is it easier to remember images/pictures as compared to textual words? context: <P> of sight words gives students a better start to learning to read.
Recognizing sight words automatically is said to be advantageous for beginning readers because many of these words have unusual spelling patterns, cannot be... | answer: It's not for me. People learn differently. I see words in my head. I often forget people's faces. |
9,725 | 28shuz | Are we any closer to resurrecting humans from cryostasis yet? | No. The freezing process damages cells, as water turns to ice and expands. So they try to use different types of antifreeze, but [these are toxic](_URL_2_). And on top of that [not all cells are equally permeable](_URL_1_), especially in a state of reduced biological activity (or even none at all).Human bodies are too ... | [
"No. The freezing process damages cells, as water turns to ice and expands. So they try to use different types of antifreeze, but [these are toxic](_URL_2_). And on top of that [not all cells are equally permeable](_URL_1_), especially in a state of reduced biological activity (or even none at all).\n\nHuman bodies... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> Greg Fahy Gregory M. Fahy is a cryobiologist and biogerontologist, and is also Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer at Twenty-First Century Medicine, Inc. Fahy is the world's foremost expert in organ cryopreservation by vitrification. Fahy introduced the modern successful approach to vitrification for cryopr... | question: Are we any closer to resurrecting humans from cryostasis yet? context: <P> Greg Fahy Gregory M. Fahy is a cryobiologist and biogerontologist, and is also Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer at Twenty-First Century Medicine, Inc. Fahy is the world's foremost expert in organ cryopreservation by vitrific... | answer: No. The freezing process damages cells, as water turns to ice and expands. So they try to use different types of antifreeze, but [these are toxic](_URL_2_). And on top of that [not all cells are equally permeable](_URL_1_), especially in a state of reduced biological activity (or even none at all).Human bodies ... |
165,453 | 41muo8 | what is the difference between avoidant personality disorder versus just being shy and insecure? | To be a disorder, the behaviour needs to seriously impair your ability to function in life. This is true of all mental disorders. Everyone has some behaviours that are among the lists of symptoms for OCD, depression, etc., but it's *far* less common for the symptoms to be detrimental enough to your life that they const... | [
"To be a disorder, the behaviour needs to seriously impair your ability to function in life. This is true of all mental disorders. Everyone has some behaviours that are among the lists of symptoms for OCD, depression, etc., but it's *far* less common for the symptoms to be detrimental enough to your life that they ... | 3 | [
"To be a disorder, the behaviour needs to seriously impair your ability to function in life. This is true of all mental disorders. Everyone has some behaviours that are among the lists of symptoms for OCD, depression, etc., but it's *far* less common for the symptoms to be detrimental enough to your life that they ... | 1 | <P> is another interpersonal emotion regulation strategy that is associated with personality disorder symptoms. Psychotherapy Certain types of psychotherapy target interpersonal factors to improve well-being. Dialectical behavioral therapy, originally developed for individuals with borderline personality disorder, teac... | question: what is the difference between avoidant personality disorder versus just being shy and insecure? context: <P> is another interpersonal emotion regulation strategy that is associated with personality disorder symptoms. Psychotherapy Certain types of psychotherapy target interpersonal factors to improve well-be... | answer: To be a disorder, the behaviour needs to seriously impair your ability to function in life. This is true of all mental disorders. Everyone has some behaviours that are among the lists of symptoms for OCD, depression, etc., but it's *far* less common for the symptoms to be detrimental enough to your life that th... |
82,909 | 38snlb | Which type of infantry melee weapons was mostly used in medieval combat? Which one the least? | Could you give us a time Period at all?The medieval period is a long era of History also a location?It will helps us narrow down your answer. | [
"Could you give us a time Period at all?\n\nThe medieval period is a long era of History also a location?\n\nIt will helps us narrow down your answer.",
"I'm seeing a lot of supposition thrown around in here, but not a lot of hard evidence. Let's try something a bit more grounded in the sources.\n\nHenry II, King... | 2 | [
"Could you give us a time Period at all?\n\nThe medieval period is a long era of History also a location?\n\nIt will helps us narrow down your answer."
] | 1 | <P> and those of Mazowsze, who, because they faced enemies from the East, like Old Prussians, Lithuanians, and Tatars, partially adopted their fighting manners, and lighter armament as well. Even their horses were smaller and lighter.
Different armament was used by infantry, which marched onto the battlefield in close ... | question: Which type of infantry melee weapons was mostly used in medieval combat? Which one the least? context: <P> and those of Mazowsze, who, because they faced enemies from the East, like Old Prussians, Lithuanians, and Tatars, partially adopted their fighting manners, and lighter armament as well. Even their horse... | answer: Could you give us a time Period at all?The medieval period is a long era of History also a location?It will helps us narrow down your answer. |
225,634 | r9ksv | What was the average day like for an allied soldier in post WWII Germany before the rise of the Soviet threat? | I've not done research in the matter, but my grandfather volunteered to stay on occupation duty with the Canadian Army. From what he said the days were fairly boring. He was around Baden, so not a Nazi stronghold like Bavaria. The people were broken, trying to rebuild some semblance of life after the war. He was a ... | [
"I've not done research in the matter, but my grandfather volunteered to stay on occupation duty with the Canadian Army. \n\nFrom what he said the days were fairly boring. He was around Baden, so not a Nazi stronghold like Bavaria. The people were broken, trying to rebuild some semblance of life after the war. ... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> fed, average adult calorie intake was; U.S. 3200–3300; UK 2900; U.S. Army 4000. German infant mortality rate was twice that of other nations in Western Europe until the close of 1948.
As agreed by the Allies at the Yalta conference Germans were used as forced labor as part of the reparations to be extracted to the ... | question: What was the average day like for an allied soldier in post WWII Germany before the rise of the Soviet threat? context: <P> fed, average adult calorie intake was; U.S. 3200–3300; UK 2900; U.S. Army 4000. German infant mortality rate was twice that of other nations in Western Europe until the close of 1948.
As... | answer: I've not done research in the matter, but my grandfather volunteered to stay on occupation duty with the Canadian Army. From what he said the days were fairly boring. He was around Baden, so not a Nazi stronghold like Bavaria. The people were broken, trying to rebuild some semblance of life after the war. H... |
51,644 | 46prsz | How were weapons distributed during the vietnam war? | Every unit has a prescribed TOE, table of organization and equipment. For instance, a platoon is generally made up of four squads. Depending upon what type of unit it is, the TOE varies. A standard infantry squad will have a squad machine gun, and one or tow grenade launchers. Everyone else carries an assault rifle... | [
"Every unit has a prescribed TOE, table of organization and equipment. For instance, a platoon is generally made up of four squads. Depending upon what type of unit it is, the TOE varies. A standard infantry squad will have a squad machine gun, and one or tow grenade launchers. Everyone else carries an assault ... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> and volume in cubic feet were stamped in the lower left corner. The Lot Code was stamped in the lower right corner. The text in the center of the front panel detailed the amount and type of contents the crate contained. Ammunition Boxes Each ammunition box was marked with the FSN and DODIC along the upper part of t... | question: How were weapons distributed during the vietnam war? context: <P> and volume in cubic feet were stamped in the lower left corner. The Lot Code was stamped in the lower right corner. The text in the center of the front panel detailed the amount and type of contents the crate contained. Ammunition Boxes Each am... | answer: Every unit has a prescribed TOE, table of organization and equipment. For instance, a platoon is generally made up of four squads. Depending upon what type of unit it is, the TOE varies. A standard infantry squad will have a squad machine gun, and one or tow grenade launchers. Everyone else carries an assau... |
55,075 | 3fgh9r | what does the usa expect to achieve by imposing economic sanctions on countries like iran and cuba? | It keeps them from engendering enough money to prosper and cuts them off from the lion's share of international trade. If the US blacklists you the majority of states are forced to do the same else they risk being next on the list. It's a way to coerce a state into abiding by the will of the US without using military f... | [
"It keeps them from engendering enough money to prosper and cuts them off from the lion's share of international trade. If the US blacklists you the majority of states are forced to do the same else they risk being next on the list. It's a way to coerce a state into abiding by the will of the US without using milit... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> off the previously imposed sanctions. <P> States.
For these reasons, I have determined that it is necessary to continue this national emergency and to maintain in force the sanctions to respond to this threat. <P> those principles that make America a free nation". Sanctions targeting the Iranian Central Bank As par... | question: what does the usa expect to achieve by imposing economic sanctions on countries like iran and cuba? context: <P> off the previously imposed sanctions. <P> States.
For these reasons, I have determined that it is necessary to continue this national emergency and to maintain in force the sanctions to respond to ... | answer: It keeps them from engendering enough money to prosper and cuts them off from the lion's share of international trade. If the US blacklists you the majority of states are forced to do the same else they risk being next on the list. It's a way to coerce a state into abiding by the will of the US without using mi... |
39,152 | 1vpjod | what are psychoactive pharmaceuticals made out of? | It very heavily depends on the compound. Take adderall, which is a mixture of amphetamine salts:One way would be toluene (pine oil, coal or petroleum derivative) is oxidized (usually through liquid phase chlorination) to benzaldehyde, or you can source that from bitter almond oil. Add nitroethane, which is produced by ... | [
"Can vary a lot really. You can find SSRIs in dirt and some plants like St John's wart, you have the infamous magic mushrooms and all that for hallucinogens, nicotine in tabacco, etc.\n\nThere's also just a lot of different means of going about synthesizing these drugs without anything but chemicals without any of ... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> of the isomers of the Aspro compound, and they found that the R-isomer had almost all the activity; this is the compound that became rasagiline. They called the mesylate salt of the R-isomer TVP-1012 and the hydrochloride salt, TVP-101.
Teva and Technion filed patent applications for this racemically pure compound... | question: what are psychoactive pharmaceuticals made out of? context: <P> of the isomers of the Aspro compound, and they found that the R-isomer had almost all the activity; this is the compound that became rasagiline. They called the mesylate salt of the R-isomer TVP-1012 and the hydrochloride salt, TVP-101.
Teva and... | answer: It very heavily depends on the compound. Take adderall, which is a mixture of amphetamine salts:One way would be toluene (pine oil, coal or petroleum derivative) is oxidized (usually through liquid phase chlorination) to benzaldehyde, or you can source that from bitter almond oil. Add nitroethane, which is prod... |
223,440 | alpmp0 | cancer cure that scientists recently claimed to be one year away | The treatment which the biotech company calls MuTaTo (multi-target toxin) is based on SoAP technology, which belongs to the phage display group of technologies.CEO of the biotech company Dr Ilan Morad said they started with identifying why other cancer-related drugs and treatment are not working and then they looked fo... | [
"The treatment which the biotech company calls MuTaTo (multi-target toxin) is based on SoAP technology, which belongs to the phage display group of technologies.\n\nCEO of the biotech company Dr Ilan Morad said they started with identifying why other cancer-related drugs and treatment are not working and then they ... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> clinical trial, they found that intravenous administration of the oncolytic viruses led to inflammation of the tumor site that made it difficult to immediately determine effectiveness of the treatment. This false appearance of increase in cancer cells was confirmed by a later trial of the same oncolytic virus and a... | question: cancer cure that scientists recently claimed to be one year away context: <P> clinical trial, they found that intravenous administration of the oncolytic viruses led to inflammation of the tumor site that made it difficult to immediately determine effectiveness of the treatment. This false appearance of incre... | answer: The treatment which the biotech company calls MuTaTo (multi-target toxin) is based on SoAP technology, which belongs to the phage display group of technologies.CEO of the biotech company Dr Ilan Morad said they started with identifying why other cancer-related drugs and treatment are not working and then they l... |
144,795 | fcsdqo | Why are some lines of the emission spectra more dominant? | Each line in the spectra you linked corresponds to the energy difference between two energy states. The energy difference (color of the line) between each energy level pair is fixed for each element and is dictated by the electron orbital configuration for each excited state. The intensity of these lines, though, do de... | [
"Each line in the spectra you linked corresponds to the energy difference between two energy states. The energy difference (color of the line) between each energy level pair is fixed for each element and is dictated by the electron orbital configuration for each excited state. The intensity of these lines, though, ... | 1 | [
"Each line in the spectra you linked corresponds to the energy difference between two energy states. The energy difference (color of the line) between each energy level pair is fixed for each element and is dictated by the electron orbital configuration for each excited state. The intensity of these lines, though, ... | 1 | <P> quantitative study and because they may facilitate the study of conditions which are inaccessible in terrestrial laboratories. Variability Maser variability is generally understood to mean the change in apparent brightness to the observer. Intensity variations can occur on timescales from days to years indicating l... | question: Why are some lines of the emission spectra more dominant? context: <P> quantitative study and because they may facilitate the study of conditions which are inaccessible in terrestrial laboratories. Variability Maser variability is generally understood to mean the change in apparent brightness to the observer.... | answer: Each line in the spectra you linked corresponds to the energy difference between two energy states. The energy difference (color of the line) between each energy level pair is fixed for each element and is dictated by the electron orbital configuration for each excited state. The intensity of these lines, thoug... |
66,886 | 3tyqdm | how can an elevated shower head drip? | Often times the knobs and connections to shut off the shower aren't working great so a small bit of water gets through which will drip out. | [
"Often times the knobs and connections to shut off the shower aren't working great so a small bit of water gets through which will drip out. "
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> particles deposit in the porous medium, they will not arrive at the outlet, and from the observed difference the deposition rate coefficient can be inferred. <P> to sterilize small batches of equipment and in home canning operations. Water pressure reduction Often, water enters water-using appliances at fluctuating... | question: how can an elevated shower head drip? context: <P> particles deposit in the porous medium, they will not arrive at the outlet, and from the observed difference the deposition rate coefficient can be inferred. <P> to sterilize small batches of equipment and in home canning operations. Water pressure reduction ... | answer: Often times the knobs and connections to shut off the shower aren't working great so a small bit of water gets through which will drip out. |
145,192 | fs5veb | why is sparkling water/club soda not hydrating in the same way water is? what makes it different? | _URL_0_The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition compared still, sparkling and other popular drinks (cola, juices, beer, coffee, tea and milk), finding that there was no difference between them in terms of hydration.This may not jibe with what you’ve heard about coffee and tea having a dehydrating effect on our bodies... | [
"_URL_0_\n\n\nThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition compared still, sparkling and other popular drinks (cola, juices, beer, coffee, tea and milk), finding that there was no difference between them in terms of hydration.\n\nThis may not jibe with what you’ve heard about coffee and tea having a dehydrating effec... | 1 | [
"_URL_0_\n\n\nThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition compared still, sparkling and other popular drinks (cola, juices, beer, coffee, tea and milk), finding that there was no difference between them in terms of hydration.\n\nThis may not jibe with what you’ve heard about coffee and tea having a dehydrating effec... | 1 | <P> Carbonates and Evaporites Editorial Board Editor: J.W. LaMoreaux <P> larger hydrocarbon molecules like ethane and propane can also form hydrates, although longer molecules (butanes, pentanes) cannot fit into the water cage structure and tend to destabilise the formation of hydrates.
Once formed, hydrates can block ... | question: why is sparkling water/club soda not hydrating in the same way water is? what makes it different? context: <P> Carbonates and Evaporites Editorial Board Editor: J.W. LaMoreaux <P> larger hydrocarbon molecules like ethane and propane can also form hydrates, although longer molecules (butanes, pentanes) cannot ... | answer: _URL_0_The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition compared still, sparkling and other popular drinks (cola, juices, beer, coffee, tea and milk), finding that there was no difference between them in terms of hydration.This may not jibe with what you’ve heard about coffee and tea having a dehydrating effect on ou... |
32,183 | 3afxb1 | Do we have any evidence that dark matter is affected by gravity ? | It is affected by gravity by necessity. If it produces a gravitational field (which we have evidence that it does, in the form of [galaxy rotation curves](_URL_0_)), then it must be massive. All massive particles are affected by gravitational forces. | [
"It is affected by gravity by necessity. If it produces a gravitational field (which we have evidence that it does, in the form of [galaxy rotation curves](_URL_0_)), then it must be massive. All massive particles are affected by gravitational forces.",
"According to general relativity, gravity is not a force, ... | 3 | [
"It is affected by gravity by necessity. If it produces a gravitational field (which we have evidence that it does, in the form of [galaxy rotation curves](_URL_0_)), then it must be massive. All massive particles are affected by gravitational forces."
] | 1 | <P> think that dark matter and dark energy are not ad hoc, but are supported by a large number of complementary observations and described by a very simple model. Possible evidence In 2015, Attila Krasznahorkay at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences's Institute for Nuclear Research in Debrecen, Hungary, and his colleague... | question: Do we have any evidence that dark matter is affected by gravity ? context: <P> think that dark matter and dark energy are not ad hoc, but are supported by a large number of complementary observations and described by a very simple model. Possible evidence In 2015, Attila Krasznahorkay at the Hungarian Academy... | answer: It is affected by gravity by necessity. If it produces a gravitational field (which we have evidence that it does, in the form of [galaxy rotation curves](_URL_0_)), then it must be massive. All massive particles are affected by gravitational forces. |
165,372 | at01rk | how ambien works in the brain | Your brain communicates with other parts of the brain and with the rest of the body using chemicals called neurotransmitters. Each neurotransmitter communicates a message to the brain and body. Things like sleep, appetite, mood, and energy are determined (in part) by how much of each neurotransmitter is active in your ... | [
"Your brain communicates with other parts of the brain and with the rest of the body using chemicals called neurotransmitters. Each neurotransmitter communicates a message to the brain and body. Things like sleep, appetite, mood, and energy are determined (in part) by how much of each neurotransmitter is active in ... | 1 | [
"Your brain communicates with other parts of the brain and with the rest of the body using chemicals called neurotransmitters. Each neurotransmitter communicates a message to the brain and body. Things like sleep, appetite, mood, and energy are determined (in part) by how much of each neurotransmitter is active in ... | 1 | <P> is made up of a membrane-spanning domain that allows ions to flow across the membrane inside the postsynaptic cell. This type of receptor produces very fast postsynaptic actions within a couple of milliseconds of the presynaptic terminal receiving an action potential. These channels influence the amplitude and ti... | question: how ambien works in the brain context: <P> is made up of a membrane-spanning domain that allows ions to flow across the membrane inside the postsynaptic cell. This type of receptor produces very fast postsynaptic actions within a couple of milliseconds of the presynaptic terminal receiving an action potentia... | answer: Your brain communicates with other parts of the brain and with the rest of the body using chemicals called neurotransmitters. Each neurotransmitter communicates a message to the brain and body. Things like sleep, appetite, mood, and energy are determined (in part) by how much of each neurotransmitter is active ... |
135,885 | 7aln93 | Does the brain compress sound? | Note: I am a sound engineer, not an audiologist. There is a [muscle](_URL_0_) in your ear which activates just after you hear a loud sound, for example from thunder/explosions or your own body shouting/chewing. It pulls on one of the bones in your ear canal, dampening the vibration of your eardrum and causing a perc... | [
"Note: I am a sound engineer, not an audiologist. \n \nThere is a [muscle](_URL_0_) in your ear which activates just after you hear a loud sound, for example from thunder/explosions or your own body shouting/chewing. It pulls on one of the bones in your ear canal, dampening the vibration of your eardrum and causi... | 2 | [
"Note: I am a sound engineer, not an audiologist. \n \nThere is a [muscle](_URL_0_) in your ear which activates just after you hear a loud sound, for example from thunder/explosions or your own body shouting/chewing. It pulls on one of the bones in your ear canal, dampening the vibration of your eardrum and causi... | 1 | <P> potential space. If there really is a space, there is a problem. The superficial layer of the lamina propria is a structure that vibrates a great deal during phonation, and the viscoelasticity needed to support this vibratory function depends mostly on extracellular matrices. The primary extracellular matrices of t... | question: Does the brain compress sound? context: <P> potential space. If there really is a space, there is a problem. The superficial layer of the lamina propria is a structure that vibrates a great deal during phonation, and the viscoelasticity needed to support this vibratory function depends mostly on extracellular... | answer: Note: I am a sound engineer, not an audiologist. There is a [muscle](_URL_0_) in your ear which activates just after you hear a loud sound, for example from thunder/explosions or your own body shouting/chewing. It pulls on one of the bones in your ear canal, dampening the vibration of your eardrum and causin... |
19,092 | 5cnvhy | what role did surveillance play in the cold war? which side(s) used it and how did it effect the events of the war? | Probably the most important aspect of surveillance were American spy satellite photos taken of Soviet nuclear missiles being installed in Cuba. This triggered the Cuban missile crisis and almost caused a nuclear war. | [
"Probably the most important aspect of surveillance were American spy satellite photos taken of Soviet nuclear missiles being installed in Cuba. This triggered the Cuban missile crisis and almost caused a nuclear war."
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> was the first authorized by statute since the Wright Commission on Government Security issued its report in 1957.
The Commission issued its unanimous final report on March 3, 1997. Cold War secrecy The Commission findings regarding government secrecy in the early Cold War period have led to a reevaluation of many p... | question: what role did surveillance play in the cold war? which side(s) used it and how did it effect the events of the war? context: <P> was the first authorized by statute since the Wright Commission on Government Security issued its report in 1957.
The Commission issued its unanimous final report on March 3, 1997. ... | answer: Probably the most important aspect of surveillance were American spy satellite photos taken of Soviet nuclear missiles being installed in Cuba. This triggered the Cuban missile crisis and almost caused a nuclear war. |
156,084 | zhjl0 | during ww2, coke traded with both the allies (coca-cola) ans with nazi germany (fanta) - elif? | Germany had plenty of corporations and private businesses. BMW and Mercedes Benz are the first to come to mind (H & K weapons, Siemens, Porsche/VW, etc.). And until the US formally declared war, there was still some legitimate businesses operating in tandem with one another in both countries. Also the bottling plants w... | [
"Germany had plenty of corporations and private businesses. BMW and Mercedes Benz are the first to come to mind (H & K weapons, Siemens, Porsche/VW, etc.). And until the US formally declared war, there was still some legitimate businesses operating in tandem with one another in both countries. Also the bottling pla... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> the Coca-Cola merger, Dr Pepper and Seven Up merged (creating Dr Pepper/Seven Up, Inc., or DPSU), giving up international branding rights in the process. After the DPSU merger, Coca-Cola obtained most non-US rights to the Dr Pepper name (with PepsiCo taking the Seven Up rights).
Dr Pepper was a frequent player in t... | question: during ww2, coke traded with both the allies (coca-cola) ans with nazi germany (fanta) - elif? context: <P> the Coca-Cola merger, Dr Pepper and Seven Up merged (creating Dr Pepper/Seven Up, Inc., or DPSU), giving up international branding rights in the process. After the DPSU merger, Coca-Cola obtained most n... | answer: Germany had plenty of corporations and private businesses. BMW and Mercedes Benz are the first to come to mind (H & K weapons, Siemens, Porsche/VW, etc.). And until the US formally declared war, there was still some legitimate businesses operating in tandem with one another in both countries. Also the bottling ... |
84,746 | aw5skn | how do top-secret classified government documents become declassified? | In some cases, the documents are classified for a certain time only. When the time expires, they are declassified. | [
"In some cases, the documents are classified for a certain time only. When the time expires, they are declassified.",
"Typically classified documents are classified for 25 or 50 years from date of creation. The government has the option of extending that when the date comes.",
"As others have mentioned, most cl... | 5 | [
"In some cases, the documents are classified for a certain time only. When the time expires, they are declassified.",
"Typically classified documents are classified for 25 or 50 years from date of creation. The government has the option of extending that when the date comes.",
"As others have mentioned, most cl... | 3 | <P> classify government documents from its various departments, divisions, and bureaus. Hasse set to work immediately, uncovering documents from all over Washington, D.C., even going so far as to look in ceilings and behind walls. According to The New York Times article from 1897, Hasse's work "unearth[ing] the heap ... | question: how do top-secret classified government documents become declassified? context: <P> classify government documents from its various departments, divisions, and bureaus. Hasse set to work immediately, uncovering documents from all over Washington, D.C., even going so far as to look in ceilings and behind walls... | answer: In some cases, the documents are classified for a certain time only. When the time expires, they are declassified. |
80,797 | 60gifp | what mechanism allows seed to "hibernate" for long periods (the record is 32,000 years) and simply wake up to the first sign of water? | Seeds generally require three things to "decide" to germinate: warmth, oxygen, and water. Water affects seeds by causing them to swell enormously and break through their coating, allowing the seed to begin to grow. At the same time, the water activates hydrolytic enzymes (chemicals which cause water to react with other... | [
"Seeds generally require three things to \"decide\" to germinate: warmth, oxygen, and water. \n\nWater affects seeds by causing them to swell enormously and break through their coating, allowing the seed to begin to grow. At the same time, the water activates hydrolytic enzymes (chemicals which cause water to react... | 8 | [
"Seeds generally require three things to \"decide\" to germinate: warmth, oxygen, and water. \n\nWater affects seeds by causing them to swell enormously and break through their coating, allowing the seed to begin to grow. At the same time, the water activates hydrolytic enzymes (chemicals which cause water to react... | 7 | <P> and sprinkling water on the seeds when needed for constant moisture gives an early germination period of two weeks, while the combination of freshly harvested seeds, pierced minimally and tied in black nylon reduces the germination period to between five and seven days as the piercing or nicking procedure makes for... | question: what mechanism allows seed to "hibernate" for long periods (the record is 32,000 years) and simply wake up to the first sign of water? context: <P> and sprinkling water on the seeds when needed for constant moisture gives an early germination period of two weeks, while the combination of freshly harvested see... | answer: Seeds generally require three things to "decide" to germinate: warmth, oxygen, and water. Water affects seeds by causing them to swell enormously and break through their coating, allowing the seed to begin to grow. At the same time, the water activates hydrolytic enzymes (chemicals which cause water to react wi... |
150,300 | 2o8m5y | Seriously, cheese... who came up with that? | The actual original invention/discover is cheese isn't known with certainty, since no written records exist. Early on, however, it would have been discovered that milk curdles when acid is added. This can be accomplished with citrus as well as anything, so it's not something that would have needed anything more than es... | [
"The actual original invention/discover is cheese isn't known with certainty, since no written records exist. Early on, however, it would have been discovered that milk curdles when acid is added. This can be accomplished with citrus as well as anything, so it's not something that would have needed anything more th... | 1 | [
"The actual original invention/discover is cheese isn't known with certainty, since no written records exist. Early on, however, it would have been discovered that milk curdles when acid is added. This can be accomplished with citrus as well as anything, so it's not something that would have needed anything more th... | 1 | <P> Esrom History It takes its name from the monastery, Esrom Abbey, where it was produced until 1559. The production of modern-style Esrom cheese was standardized at Statens Forsøgsmejeri in the 1930s. The first large-scale production of the cheese was established at Midtsjællands Herregårdsmejeri in the early 1940s. ... | question: Seriously, cheese... who came up with that? context: <P> Esrom History It takes its name from the monastery, Esrom Abbey, where it was produced until 1559. The production of modern-style Esrom cheese was standardized at Statens Forsøgsmejeri in the 1930s. The first large-scale production of the cheese was est... | answer: The actual original invention/discover is cheese isn't known with certainty, since no written records exist. Early on, however, it would have been discovered that milk curdles when acid is added. This can be accomplished with citrus as well as anything, so it's not something that would have needed anything more... |
186,086 | 1900gj | why do coaches of various sports dress like they do during games? | I think a lot of it has to do with what the coach is doing. During a game Basketball, Hockey, and Soccer coaches just stand there and coach the game. They present themselves as professionals and wear a suit for the same reason I wear one at my job. Football and baseball coaches are more hands on. They actually warm up ... | [
"I think a lot of it has to do with what the coach is doing. During a game Basketball, Hockey, and Soccer coaches just stand there and coach the game. They present themselves as professionals and wear a suit for the same reason I wear one at my job. Football and baseball coaches are more hands on. They actually war... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> often wore business suits, a common occurrence at the time. Retired players who became managers were more likely to continue to wear a baseball uniform (John McGraw, for example), especially if they were also active on the coaching lines; managers often doubled as third-base coach. By the late 1940s, nearly all man... | question: why do coaches of various sports dress like they do during games? context: <P> often wore business suits, a common occurrence at the time. Retired players who became managers were more likely to continue to wear a baseball uniform (John McGraw, for example), especially if they were also active on the coaching... | answer: I think a lot of it has to do with what the coach is doing. During a game Basketball, Hockey, and Soccer coaches just stand there and coach the game. They present themselves as professionals and wear a suit for the same reason I wear one at my job. Football and baseball coaches are more hands on. They actually ... |
41,608 | 5o4xjo | why does mold grow on "dead" fruits but not on the ones still on the tree? | Mold doesn't grow on living things because living things have immune systems. Fruits on a tree are being kept acidic by the physiology of the living tree. Mold spores that land on them can't survive. When the tree severs it's connection to the fruit it will start to change chemically, even if we can't see it. Without t... | [
"It does grow on the ones still on the plant. You just don't see it as much, because you have a lot more experience with picked fruits than you do with those still on the plants. Go strawberry picking towards the end of the season sometime ;)",
"Mold doesn't grow on living things because living things have immune... | 3 | [
"Mold doesn't grow on living things because living things have immune systems. Fruits on a tree are being kept acidic by the physiology of the living tree. Mold spores that land on them can't survive. When the tree severs it's connection to the fruit it will start to change chemically, even if we can't see it. With... | 1 | <P> take place throughout any point during and following harvesting. Transmission can occur mechanically or via conidial dispersal in water or air to fruit surfaces. Conidia often reside within soil but can also be found in the air of contaminated storage spaces. Being a wound pathogen, fruit injuries are required for ... | question: why does mold grow on "dead" fruits but not on the ones still on the tree? context: <P> take place throughout any point during and following harvesting. Transmission can occur mechanically or via conidial dispersal in water or air to fruit surfaces. Conidia often reside within soil but can also be found in th... | answer: Mold doesn't grow on living things because living things have immune systems. Fruits on a tree are being kept acidic by the physiology of the living tree. Mold spores that land on them can't survive. When the tree severs it's connection to the fruit it will start to change chemically, even if we can't see it. W... |
68,803 | 135s0v | How did Roosevelt and Churchill justify working with Stalin during WW2? | ...he was fighting against the Nazis. The enemy of my enemy is my friend. | [
"...he was fighting against the Nazis. The enemy of my enemy is my friend. ",
"Though communism was greatly feared in the US, nazism was more feared. If collaborating with Stalin meant the end to nazi Germany, no one would really object. There were however disagreements amongst the nations. For instance during th... | 8 | [
"...he was fighting against the Nazis. The enemy of my enemy is my friend. ",
"Russia had a lot of oil, a lot of food and most importantly, a lot of soldiers.\nIf the guy with 6 million soldiers is fighting your enemy, you fight with him.\n\n",
"For the British public it's rather simple--The Nazis bombed them, ... | 5 | <P> system.
When warned of potential domination by a Stalin dictatorship over part of Europe, Roosevelt responded with a statement summarizing his rationale for relations with Stalin: "I just have a hunch that Stalin is not that kind of a man. . . . I think that if I give him everything I possibly can and ask for nothi... | question: How did Roosevelt and Churchill justify working with Stalin during WW2? context: <P> system.
When warned of potential domination by a Stalin dictatorship over part of Europe, Roosevelt responded with a statement summarizing his rationale for relations with Stalin: "I just have a hunch that Stalin is not that ... | answer: ...he was fighting against the Nazis. The enemy of my enemy is my friend. |
214,514 | 3zllax | What is a book on the former Imperial German colonies? | Are you looking for books on the colonies before or during World War I? Empires at War: 1911-1923 has a chapter by Heather Jones on the German Empire. Absolute Destruction by Isabell Hull discusses Germany's colonial policies in Southwest Africa. I know Germany had colonies in the Pacific but I have no suggestions for ... | [
"Are you looking for books on the colonies before or during World War I? Empires at War: 1911-1923 has a chapter by Heather Jones on the German Empire. Absolute Destruction by Isabell Hull discusses Germany's colonial policies in Southwest Africa. I know Germany had colonies in the Pacific but I have no suggestions... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> "Emigrants' Club" in Glasgow where he took a job as a toolmaker. In Britain he joined an exiles' organisation called the "Free German Cultural Association" (Freier Deutscher Kulturbund), and later, on 25 September 1943, became a founding member of the British affiliate of the UK based "Free Germany movement" ( F... | question: What is a book on the former Imperial German colonies? context: <P> "Emigrants' Club" in Glasgow where he took a job as a toolmaker. In Britain he joined an exiles' organisation called the "Free German Cultural Association" (Freier Deutscher Kulturbund), and later, on 25 September 1943, became a founding me... | answer: Are you looking for books on the colonies before or during World War I? Empires at War: 1911-1923 has a chapter by Heather Jones on the German Empire. Absolute Destruction by Isabell Hull discusses Germany's colonial policies in Southwest Africa. I know Germany had colonies in the Pacific but I have no suggesti... |
135,340 | 4lid69 | Can a super powerful laser attached in a spaceship provide the spaceship with thrust? | Yes, it can. Because [electromagnetic radiation carries momentum](_URL_1_), and momentum is conserved. If you shoot radiation backwards, you will be propelled forwards.This could in principle be used to create a [photon rocket](_URL_0_). But radiation pressure is typically weak, and there are much better propulsion met... | [
"Yes, it can. Because [electromagnetic radiation carries momentum](_URL_1_), and momentum is conserved. If you shoot radiation backwards, you will be propelled forwards.\n\nThis could in principle be used to create a [photon rocket](_URL_0_). But radiation pressure is typically weak, and there are much better propu... | 1 | [
"Yes, it can. Because [electromagnetic radiation carries momentum](_URL_1_), and momentum is conserved. If you shoot radiation backwards, you will be propelled forwards.\n\nThis could in principle be used to create a [photon rocket](_URL_0_). But radiation pressure is typically weak, and there are much better propu... | 1 | <P> a laser has been demonstrated to charge the batteries of an unmanned aerial vehicle in flight for 48 hours.
For spacecraft, laser electric propulsion is considered as a competitor to solar electric or nuclear electric propulsion for low-thrust propulsion in space. However, Leik Myrabo has proposed high-thrust laser... | question: Can a super powerful laser attached in a spaceship provide the spaceship with thrust? context: <P> a laser has been demonstrated to charge the batteries of an unmanned aerial vehicle in flight for 48 hours.
For spacecraft, laser electric propulsion is considered as a competitor to solar electric or nuclear el... | answer: Yes, it can. Because [electromagnetic radiation carries momentum](_URL_1_), and momentum is conserved. If you shoot radiation backwards, you will be propelled forwards.This could in principle be used to create a [photon rocket](_URL_0_). But radiation pressure is typically weak, and there are much better propul... |
148,757 | 4erf4f | How did James I manage to pacify the borderland between England and Scotland and end the border reavers? | Both London and Edinburgh had the physical power to end the border reaving any time in the sixteenth century; they just needed to send out magistrates who would consistently enforce the law and hang cattle thieves. It wasn't that they couldn't catch the reavers; there are lots of court cases against various raiders. It... | [
"Both London and Edinburgh had the physical power to end the border reaving any time in the sixteenth century; they just needed to send out magistrates who would consistently enforce the law and hang cattle thieves. It wasn't that they couldn't catch the reavers; there are lots of court cases against various raider... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> were almost certainly possessions of the Stewarts at the time. Furthermore, by penetrating into the Earldom of Lennox, and possibly striking further east inland, Hákon's adherents would have been encroaching into the Earldom of Menteith. Military actions conducted by Ailéan are specifically acclaimed by the saga, w... | question: How did James I manage to pacify the borderland between England and Scotland and end the border reavers? context: <P> were almost certainly possessions of the Stewarts at the time. Furthermore, by penetrating into the Earldom of Lennox, and possibly striking further east inland, Hákon's adherents would have b... | answer: Both London and Edinburgh had the physical power to end the border reaving any time in the sixteenth century; they just needed to send out magistrates who would consistently enforce the law and hang cattle thieves. It wasn't that they couldn't catch the reavers; there are lots of court cases against various rai... |
68,009 | 7vkar9 | that sharp pain in your neck followed by a burning feeling after a wrong move with your head. | Short answer - You pinched a nerve.The sudden sensation of heat is usually a nerve response. So, if you move your neck a certain way and suddenly feel a rush of heat, you probably pinched a nerve. That doesn't necessarily mean that you "have a pinched nerve" in the sense most people mean (though it's totally possible... | [
"Short answer - You pinched a nerve.\n\nThe sudden sensation of heat is usually a nerve response. So, if you move your neck a certain way and suddenly feel a rush of heat, you probably pinched a nerve. That doesn't necessarily mean that you \"have a pinched nerve\" in the sense most people mean (though it's total... | 17 | [
"Short answer - You pinched a nerve.\n\nThe sudden sensation of heat is usually a nerve response. So, if you move your neck a certain way and suddenly feel a rush of heat, you probably pinched a nerve. That doesn't necessarily mean that you \"have a pinched nerve\" in the sense most people mean (though it's total... | 7 | <P> Nerve compression syndrome Signs/symptoms Tingling, numbness, and/ or a burning sensation in the area of the body affected by the corresponding nerve. These experiences may occur directly following insult or may occur several hours or even days afterwards. Pain is less common than tingling or numbness as a symptom... | question: that sharp pain in your neck followed by a burning feeling after a wrong move with your head. context: <P> Nerve compression syndrome Signs/symptoms Tingling, numbness, and/ or a burning sensation in the area of the body affected by the corresponding nerve. These experiences may occur directly following insu... | answer: Short answer - You pinched a nerve.The sudden sensation of heat is usually a nerve response. So, if you move your neck a certain way and suddenly feel a rush of heat, you probably pinched a nerve. That doesn't necessarily mean that you "have a pinched nerve" in the sense most people mean (though it's totally ... |
201,811 | 41z8g6 | Can someone explain to me the voting/democratic system in the USSR and the main features that made it very undemocratic? | From an [earlier answer](_URL_0_)Soviet elections were very complicated entities, even during the period after Stalin's death. Although it was a one-party state and a highly authoritarian one at that, the Stalin Constitution of 1936 made both provisions for free elections and the Stalinist state staked a good deal of i... | [
"From an [earlier answer](_URL_0_)\n\nSoviet elections were very complicated entities, even during the period after Stalin's death. Although it was a one-party state and a highly authoritarian one at that, the Stalin Constitution of 1936 made both provisions for free elections and the Stalinist state staked a good ... | 1 | [
"From an [earlier answer](_URL_0_)\n\nSoviet elections were very complicated entities, even during the period after Stalin's death. Although it was a one-party state and a highly authoritarian one at that, the Stalin Constitution of 1936 made both provisions for free elections and the Stalinist state staked a good ... | 1 | <P> 1966 Soviet Union legislative election Electoral system Candidates had to be nominated by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) or by a public organisation. However, all public organisations were controlled by the party and were subservient to a 1931 law that required them to accept party rule. The CPSU it... | question: Can someone explain to me the voting/democratic system in the USSR and the main features that made it very undemocratic? context: <P> 1966 Soviet Union legislative election Electoral system Candidates had to be nominated by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) or by a public organisation. However, a... | answer: From an [earlier answer](_URL_0_)Soviet elections were very complicated entities, even during the period after Stalin's death. Although it was a one-party state and a highly authoritarian one at that, the Stalin Constitution of 1936 made both provisions for free elections and the Stalinist state staked a good d... |
175,082 | f8zi7j | why is it when you cut jalapeños your hands don’t feel anything, but if you forget to wash your hands and go pee your weiner feels like it’s on fire? | Capsaicin, the active ingredient in chili, activates the TRPV1 receptors which normally sense painful heat. They're expressed on nociceptive neurons, which are not exactly on the surface of the skin exposed for activation. But in your genitals the receptor is also present but it is more accessible due to the opening to... | [
"Always wash your hands after cutting hot peppers. Better yet wear disposable gloves especially when you get up to habaneros and the like. That stuff can stay on your skin after multiple soapy handwashings. I have learned this the hard way many times.",
"The skin on your penis is a lot more sensitive than the ski... | 4 | [
"The skin on your penis is a lot more sensitive than the skin on your hands. If your fingers were as sensitive as your penis, it would likely be fairly uncomfortable to do normal tasks with your hands such as typing, driving a car, or masturbate.",
"Capsaicin, the active ingredient in chili, activates the TRPV1 r... | 2 | <P> Resiniferatoxin Biological activity Resiniferatoxin has a score of 16 billion Scoville heat units, making pure resiniferatoxin about 500 to 1000 times hotter than pure capsaicin. Resiniferatoxin activates transient vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) in a subpopulation of primary afferent sensory neurons involved in noci... | question: why is it when you cut jalapeños your hands don’t feel anything, but if you forget to wash your hands and go pee your weiner feels like it’s on fire? context: <P> Resiniferatoxin Biological activity Resiniferatoxin has a score of 16 billion Scoville heat units, making pure resiniferatoxin about 500 to 1000 ti... | answer: Capsaicin, the active ingredient in chili, activates the TRPV1 receptors which normally sense painful heat. They're expressed on nociceptive neurons, which are not exactly on the surface of the skin exposed for activation. But in your genitals the receptor is also present but it is more accessible due to the op... |
117,990 | 9tj60h | How Nazi Germany got out of 1929 crisis? | There is a very good answer by /u/kieslowskifan here:_URL_0_ | [
"There is a very good answer by /u/kieslowskifan here:\n\n_URL_0_"
] | 1 | [
"There is a very good answer by /u/kieslowskifan here:\n\n_URL_0_"
] | 1 | <P> League of Nations (which Austria joined on 16 December 1920) on 4 October 1922 between Austria and the Allies. Austria was given a guarantee of sovereignty provided it did not unite with Germany over the following 20 years. Austria also received a loan of 650 million Goldkronen which was successful in halting hyper... | question: How Nazi Germany got out of 1929 crisis? context: <P> League of Nations (which Austria joined on 16 December 1920) on 4 October 1922 between Austria and the Allies. Austria was given a guarantee of sovereignty provided it did not unite with Germany over the following 20 years. Austria also received a loan of ... | answer: There is a very good answer by /u/kieslowskifan here:_URL_0_ |
209,727 | 5857h1 | why is reddit so popular? | Other social media platforms are connected to your identity. On places like Facebook people know who you really are, so you feel you have to fabricate to impress. On Reddit, your identity remains hidden so there's a better chance for authenticity. | [
"People post content for others to enjoy/engage, it's like asking why any social media platform is popular. This difference with a site like YouTube is that for the vast majority, the uploaders are not the creators, so there is no following that any user has. \n \nAs for why Reddit became more popular than simila... | 2 | [
"Other social media platforms are connected to your identity. \n\nOn places like Facebook people know who you really are, so you feel you have to fabricate to impress. \n\nOn Reddit, your identity remains hidden so there's a better chance for authenticity. \n"
] | 1 | <P> publication and networking. Originally using print-based media, these sub-cultures have migrated much of their communications and interaction onto the Internet, which they also use for the purpose of archiving detailed information pertinent to their given fanbase. Often, fans congregate on forums and discussion boa... | question: why is reddit so popular? context: <P> publication and networking. Originally using print-based media, these sub-cultures have migrated much of their communications and interaction onto the Internet, which they also use for the purpose of archiving detailed information pertinent to their given fanbase. Often,... | answer: Other social media platforms are connected to your identity. On places like Facebook people know who you really are, so you feel you have to fabricate to impress. On Reddit, your identity remains hidden so there's a better chance for authenticity. |
20,575 | clv9a9 | how come sometimes when we sneeze, cough or laugh right after drinking something, it can come out of our nose? | Because you nose is connected to your esophagus seeing as this is how the air gets to your lungs. And if air can get one way drinks can go the other. Just need some push to get over gravity and a sneeze does exactly that | [
"Because you nose is connected to your esophagus seeing as this is how the air gets to your lungs. And if air can get one way drinks can go the other. Just need some push to get over gravity and a sneeze does exactly that"
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> abscesses, and sinus tracts. It is an acquired disorder, but the cause is uncertain. Suspected causes include sunlight, tobacco, syphilis, poor oral hygiene and genetic factors. The openings of the minor salivary gland ducts become inflamed and dilated, and there may be mucopurulent discharge from the ducts. A prev... | question: how come sometimes when we sneeze, cough or laugh right after drinking something, it can come out of our nose? context: <P> abscesses, and sinus tracts. It is an acquired disorder, but the cause is uncertain. Suspected causes include sunlight, tobacco, syphilis, poor oral hygiene and genetic factors. The open... | answer: Because you nose is connected to your esophagus seeing as this is how the air gets to your lungs. And if air can get one way drinks can go the other. Just need some push to get over gravity and a sneeze does exactly that |
67,548 | t1702 | Has anyone ever been successfully cryogenically frozen/unfrozen? | Well, all intentional cryogenic freezing must be done after the individual has died. Since we have no technology that can reverse death yet, no we haven't unfrozen someone and resuscitated them from **intentional** cryogenic freezing.However, "unintentional cryogenic" freezing happens in accidents in cold weather clima... | [
"Well, all intentional cryogenic freezing must be done after the individual has died. Since we have no technology that can reverse death yet, no we haven't unfrozen someone and resuscitated them from **intentional** cryogenic freezing.\n\nHowever, \"unintentional cryogenic\" freezing happens in accidents in cold we... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> cryogenic freezing with liquid nitrogen. Reaction According to a study, an American consumes on average 71 frozen foods a year, most of which are pre-cooked frozen meals. <P> the food indefinitely if stored safely. Cryogenic freezing is widely used as it is a method for rapid freezing, requires almost no dehydratio... | question: Has anyone ever been successfully cryogenically frozen/unfrozen? context: <P> cryogenic freezing with liquid nitrogen. Reaction According to a study, an American consumes on average 71 frozen foods a year, most of which are pre-cooked frozen meals. <P> the food indefinitely if stored safely. Cryogenic freezin... | answer: Well, all intentional cryogenic freezing must be done after the individual has died. Since we have no technology that can reverse death yet, no we haven't unfrozen someone and resuscitated them from **intentional** cryogenic freezing.However, "unintentional cryogenic" freezing happens in accidents in cold weath... |
60,470 | 75rc15 | why do people not speak up about sexual assault? | Think about the power imbalance.You're a young actress *just* on the cusp of landing some good roles in Hollywood. The studio exec comes on to you. Are you going to rock the boat by accusing him of sexual harassment and then having to deal with the very public media storm that your accusations may cause, along with d... | [
"Think about the power imbalance.\n\nYou're a young actress *just* on the cusp of landing some good roles in Hollywood. The studio exec comes on to you. Are you going to rock the boat by accusing him of sexual harassment and then having to deal with the very public media storm that your accusations may cause, alo... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> report the sexual harassment to the manager and get fired. Adding onto the pressure, reporting sexual assault comes with criticism from co-workers, as they see the sexual assault as part of the job requirement.
The prevalence of sexual harassment at work is high. For example, a study by the U.S. Merit Systems Prote... | question: why do people not speak up about sexual assault? context: <P> report the sexual harassment to the manager and get fired. Adding onto the pressure, reporting sexual assault comes with criticism from co-workers, as they see the sexual assault as part of the job requirement.
The prevalence of sexual harassment a... | answer: Think about the power imbalance.You're a young actress *just* on the cusp of landing some good roles in Hollywood. The studio exec comes on to you. Are you going to rock the boat by accusing him of sexual harassment and then having to deal with the very public media storm that your accusations may cause, alon... |
177,449 | hdtuu | What are some of the most seemingly mundane things that science doesn't have answers to yet? | Handedness, i.e. where left/right-handedness comes from, what causes it, etc. is still a major source of controversy. | [
"At least in physics, the problem is that while they may seem simple, if you look at them they're actually extremely complex.",
"I honestly can't think of any from the world of chemistry. Meaning, things that are not understood, but still relatively simple. I can think of things that we don't completely unders... | 5 | [
"At least in physics, the problem is that while they may seem simple, if you look at them they're actually extremely complex.",
"I honestly can't think of any from the world of chemistry. Meaning, things that are not understood, but still relatively simple. I can think of things that we don't completely unders... | 4 | <P> the present day, and past extinction events. The third explores the distinction between science and pseudoscience as illustrated in the lives of a number of scientists holding extreme views. <P> produced the National Science Education Standards, which is available online for free in multiple forms. Its focus on inq... | question: What are some of the most seemingly mundane things that science doesn't have answers to yet? context: <P> the present day, and past extinction events. The third explores the distinction between science and pseudoscience as illustrated in the lives of a number of scientists holding extreme views. <P> produced ... | answer: Handedness, i.e. where left/right-handedness comes from, what causes it, etc. is still a major source of controversy. |
141,299 | 42fxp7 | how do we actually die? does our heart just stops working? | Do you mean of pure old age? So no extraneous circumstances like heart attack or aneurysm? If so then the best ELI5 I can think of is that your body is made up of many many parts. Each part is itself made up of many many parts and these all need to keep replicating as some of them kill themselves because they've been ... | [
"It could be your heart, it could be your brain, it could be your lungs...but yes, your body is like a machine. When a vital part stops working for good, the whole thing just shuts down. If it's your heart, blood flow and oxygen stops getting to your brain and other internal organs and they can't work without tho... | 5 | [
"It could be your heart, it could be your brain, it could be your lungs...but yes, your body is like a machine. When a vital part stops working for good, the whole thing just shuts down. If it's your heart, blood flow and oxygen stops getting to your brain and other internal organs and they can't work without tho... | 3 | <P> heart failure. <P> in Seattle, Washington from a heart ailment. <P> recognize "irreversible cessation of all function of the entire brain, including the brainstem" to be death include Arizona, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, North Carolina, and Texas.
Cardiopulmonary criteria for death are met when a physician determine... | question: how do we actually die? does our heart just stops working? context: <P> heart failure. <P> in Seattle, Washington from a heart ailment. <P> recognize "irreversible cessation of all function of the entire brain, including the brainstem" to be death include Arizona, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, North Carolina, an... | answer: Do you mean of pure old age? So no extraneous circumstances like heart attack or aneurysm? If so then the best ELI5 I can think of is that your body is made up of many many parts. Each part is itself made up of many many parts and these all need to keep replicating as some of them kill themselves because they'... |
212 | 4xdtu2 | despite intense competition and very small profit margins in the mobile phone market, how do companies like xiaomi manage to provide significantly better hardware specs than relatively larger & older companies like samsung and sony? | A few reasons. Xiaomi's business model is like that of Kuerig, or Xerox, or HP printers. They will practically *give* you the device, because that is not the actual product. What they sell is software, the device is just a means of getting it to you.Printers are cheap, but you have to keep buying toner. Kuerig machine... | [
" A few reasons. \n\n\n\n\nXiaomi's business model is like that of Kuerig, or Xerox, or HP printers. They will practically *give* you the device, because that is not the actual product. What they sell is software, the device is just a means of getting it to you.Printers are cheap, but you have to keep buying toner.... | 4 | [
" A few reasons. \n\n\n\n\nXiaomi's business model is like that of Kuerig, or Xerox, or HP printers. They will practically *give* you the device, because that is not the actual product. What they sell is software, the device is just a means of getting it to you.Printers are cheap, but you have to keep buying toner.... | 3 | <P> announced the launch of Micromax Canvas Unite 4 and Canvas Unite 4 Pro. Both these smartphones run on Indus OS 2.0. The Canvas Unite 4 is powered by a 1.0 GHz quad-core processor with 1 GB RAM. The Micromax Canvas Unite 4 Pro had more powerful specifications, featuring a 1.3 GHz quad-core processor with 2 GB RAM.
I... | question: despite intense competition and very small profit margins in the mobile phone market, how do companies like xiaomi manage to provide significantly better hardware specs than relatively larger & older companies like samsung and sony? context: <P> announced the launch of Micromax Canvas Unite 4 and Canvas Uni... | answer: A few reasons. Xiaomi's business model is like that of Kuerig, or Xerox, or HP printers. They will practically *give* you the device, because that is not the actual product. What they sell is software, the device is just a means of getting it to you.Printers are cheap, but you have to keep buying toner. Kuerig... |
40,652 | 13zn49 | el15 - i have some things i want to protect with truecrypt but i don't know how. | Explain like fifteen? | [
"Explain like fifteen?"
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> strong assumptions are made about secure block ciphers and ciphers that are even partially broken should never be used. The Rule of Two The Rule of Two is a data security principle from the NSA's Commercial Solutions for Classified Program (CSfC). It specifies two completely independent layers of cryptography to pr... | question: el15 - i have some things i want to protect with truecrypt but i don't know how. context: <P> strong assumptions are made about secure block ciphers and ciphers that are even partially broken should never be used. The Rule of Two The Rule of Two is a data security principle from the NSA's Commercial Solutions... | answer: Explain like fifteen? |
223,199 | h5q0z | Is it possible to cure HIV or AIDS with a full body blood transfusion? | HIV infected cells migrate to (reside in) the lymph nodes as well as in circulation. Performing a full body transfusion, which would be difficult on its own, would not remove the infected cells which are traveling in the lymph or residing in lymph nodes. What you may want to look into is the recent case involving a pat... | [
"Probably not, as there is blood everywhere, so long as there is 1 virus still in your system, it will multiply again and again.\n\nIt's not very effective.",
"HIV infected cells migrate to (reside in) the lymph nodes as well as in circulation. Performing a full body transfusion, which would be difficult on its o... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> nothing, the necessary technology. The technology over the years has become obsolete, but the principles and theoretical foundations on which it introduced, such as ensuring the absence of bacterial contamination of blood units continue in full force. <P> treatment called donor lymphocyte infusion. Jaymee died afte... | question: Is it possible to cure HIV or AIDS with a full body blood transfusion? context: <P> nothing, the necessary technology. The technology over the years has become obsolete, but the principles and theoretical foundations on which it introduced, such as ensuring the absence of bacterial contamination of blood unit... | answer: HIV infected cells migrate to (reside in) the lymph nodes as well as in circulation. Performing a full body transfusion, which would be difficult on its own, would not remove the infected cells which are traveling in the lymph or residing in lymph nodes. What you may want to look into is the recent case involvi... |
88,555 | 2iy47y | In the 1999 film, The Mummy, many of the characters speak in "Ancient Egyptian". How close is it to what Ancient Egyptian actually would have sounded like, and how are we able to find out what it did sound like? | hi! I'll leave someone else to comment on the language used in the film, but as for your other questions, there have been a few related postsGeneral discussions on "how do we know?"* [How do we know what ancient languages sounded like?](_URL_4_)* [How do historians know if they are pronouncing ancient names correctly?]... | [
"hi! I'll leave someone else to comment on the language used in the film, but as for your other questions, there have been a few related posts\n\nGeneral discussions on \"how do we know?\"\n\n* [How do we know what ancient languages sounded like?](_URL_4_)\n\n* [How do historians know if they are pronouncing ancien... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> (reed). The 302-317 mm long body is carved from the trees of walnut, mulberry or apricot trees and the width of the mouth pieces is 20 mm and extends in the end portion up to 65 mm. According to the archeological excavations there is found four pipes made from deer horn in Mingachevir. <P> these superficial cuts we... | question: In the 1999 film, The Mummy, many of the characters speak in "Ancient Egyptian". How close is it to what Ancient Egyptian actually would have sounded like, and how are we able to find out what it did sound like? context: <P> (reed). The 302-317 mm long body is carved from the trees of walnut, mulberry or apri... | answer: hi! I'll leave someone else to comment on the language used in the film, but as for your other questions, there have been a few related postsGeneral discussions on "how do we know?"* [How do we know what ancient languages sounded like?](_URL_4_)* [How do historians know if they are pronouncing ancient names cor... |
133,577 | ptur5 | Do people who suffer from face blindness (prosopagnosia) still see faces in clouds, etc.? | No they do not. Though the face-blindness aspect is portrayed, mostly, as a deficit of seeing human faces, in actuality it (probably, more work is needed) is more of a deficit of _holistic processing_ of faces and face-like configurations. For example [this](_URL_2_) would not be seen as a face at all. Just some fruit ... | [
"No they do not. Though the face-blindness aspect is portrayed, mostly, as a deficit of seeing human faces, in actuality it (probably, more work is needed) is more of a deficit of _holistic processing_ of faces and face-like configurations. For example [this](_URL_2_) would not be seen as a face at all. Just some f... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> of naive observers, who had not been trained for detecting deception cues. One group of observers could only see the patient's head and face, and the other group could only view the body movements below the neck. It was found that the group of observers who only saw the body cues were better at detecting patients' ... | question: Do people who suffer from face blindness (prosopagnosia) still see faces in clouds, etc.? context: <P> of naive observers, who had not been trained for detecting deception cues. One group of observers could only see the patient's head and face, and the other group could only view the body movements below the ... | answer: No they do not. Though the face-blindness aspect is portrayed, mostly, as a deficit of seeing human faces, in actuality it (probably, more work is needed) is more of a deficit of _holistic processing_ of faces and face-like configurations. For example [this](_URL_2_) would not be seen as a face at all. Just som... |
171,107 | 6zevh3 | how does the mars curiosity rover receive radio commands from nasa if mars rotates enough to be in-between earth and curiosity, thus blocking the line of sight? | There are orbiter probes that serve as relays. Currently, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Mars Express missions are the primary means of communications relay with the surface. | [
"Not sure, but didn't NASA leave satellites in Mars orbit so they can act as relay? ",
"There are orbiter probes that serve as relays. Currently, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Mars Express missions are the primary means of communications relay with the surface.",
"I dont know for sure what happens wi... | 3 | [
"There are orbiter probes that serve as relays. Currently, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Mars Express missions are the primary means of communications relay with the surface."
] | 1 | <P> of this program is SAILS (Supplemental Adaptive Intra-Volume Low-Level Scan) which inserts an extra scan of the elevation defined in the VCP definition (normally 0.5°). This is done by forcing the antenna to go back down to the base elevation after scanning a certain number elevations up to the "middle" of the atmo... | question: how does the mars curiosity rover receive radio commands from nasa if mars rotates enough to be in-between earth and curiosity, thus blocking the line of sight? context: <P> of this program is SAILS (Supplemental Adaptive Intra-Volume Low-Level Scan) which inserts an extra scan of the elevation defined in the... | answer: There are orbiter probes that serve as relays. Currently, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Mars Express missions are the primary means of communications relay with the surface. |
137,697 | 3eo1hz | why do some people look like a certain name based solely on appearance when looks have very little to do with names? | Some names are certainly more common across specific nationalities / cultures / social demographics and also age-ranges so that will all play a part in names aligning to a certain look but beyond that I don't think there'll be anything else causing this apart from maybe a bit of confirmation bias (remembering when you ... | [
"Some names are certainly more common across specific nationalities / cultures / social demographics and also age-ranges so that will all play a part in names aligning to a certain look but beyond that I don't think there'll be anything else causing this apart from maybe a bit of confirmation bias (remembering when... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> no desire to give my readers the impression that these types occur at all frequently in such pure form in actual life. They are, as it were, only Galtonesque family portraits, which single out the common and therefore typical features, stressing them disproportionately, while the individual features are just as dis... | question: why do some people look like a certain name based solely on appearance when looks have very little to do with names? context: <P> no desire to give my readers the impression that these types occur at all frequently in such pure form in actual life. They are, as it were, only Galtonesque family portraits, whic... | answer: Some names are certainly more common across specific nationalities / cultures / social demographics and also age-ranges so that will all play a part in names aligning to a certain look but beyond that I don't think there'll be anything else causing this apart from maybe a bit of confirmation bias (remembering w... |
66,269 | 5mc5ep | Has the U.K.'s Monarch ever dissolved parliament against the wishes of the P.M. and cabinet? | Yes...but not in nearly a quarter-millennium. In 1783, the radical Charles Fox, a critic of monarchy in general and the Hanoverian dynasty in particular, teamed up with his old rival Lord North and formed a government with Fox as PM. King George III exerted all of his political influence to rally opposition to Fox in t... | [
"Yes...but not in nearly a quarter-millennium. In 1783, the radical Charles Fox, a critic of monarchy in general and the Hanoverian dynasty in particular, teamed up with his old rival Lord North and formed a government with Fox as PM. King George III exerted all of his political influence to rally opposition to Fox... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> houses and royal assent.
Parliament may also bind successor parliaments as to their method of election and their constituent parts. For example, the Reform Act 1832 radically altered the distribution of MPs and subsequent parliaments were bound to follow the new rules or secure the agreement of the new house to cha... | question: Has the U.K.'s Monarch ever dissolved parliament against the wishes of the P.M. and cabinet? context: <P> houses and royal assent.
Parliament may also bind successor parliaments as to their method of election and their constituent parts. For example, the Reform Act 1832 radically altered the distribution of M... | answer: Yes...but not in nearly a quarter-millennium. In 1783, the radical Charles Fox, a critic of monarchy in general and the Hanoverian dynasty in particular, teamed up with his old rival Lord North and formed a government with Fox as PM. King George III exerted all of his political influence to rally opposition to ... |
104,120 | 1zvnbv | In medieval England, was anybody ever employed as a "wizard"? | It depends on when you consider the period of “Medieval England” to have finished, but the astrologer, occult philosopher, mathematician and navigator, John Dee (1527-1608) might just make the cut. He was, among a lot of other things, astrologer and occult adviser to the court of Queen Elizabeth I. However this cou... | [
"It depends on when you consider the period of “Medieval England” to have finished, but the astrologer, occult philosopher, mathematician and navigator, John Dee (1527-1608) might just make the cut. He was, among a lot of other things, astrologer and occult adviser to the court of Queen Elizabeth I. However thi... | 3 | [
"It depends on when you consider the period of “Medieval England” to have finished, but the astrologer, occult philosopher, mathematician and navigator, John Dee (1527-1608) might just make the cut. He was, among a lot of other things, astrologer and occult adviser to the court of Queen Elizabeth I. However thi... | 3 | <P> Is a Witch". <P> Their less powerful spells could be used per encounter or at will, without preparation or selection beforehand. In addition, wizards performed most noncombat magics (such as opening locks, specialized healing, or transportation) through extended rituals requiring many minutes of work though no part... | question: In medieval England, was anybody ever employed as a "wizard"? context: <P> Is a Witch". <P> Their less powerful spells could be used per encounter or at will, without preparation or selection beforehand. In addition, wizards performed most noncombat magics (such as opening locks, specialized healing, or trans... | answer: It depends on when you consider the period of “Medieval England” to have finished, but the astrologer, occult philosopher, mathematician and navigator, John Dee (1527-1608) might just make the cut. He was, among a lot of other things, astrologer and occult adviser to the court of Queen Elizabeth I. However ... |
69,460 | 4c6xes | Were there any pirate escapes from prison during the Golden Age of Piracy like in movies and fiction? What is a cool pirate story I should know about? | Might be a little early for the "Golden Age" of Piracy, but this is the only pirate escape I can remember right now.Jan Janszoon, one of the most famous Dutch Muslim pirates of the Barbary coast, and President of the Pirate Republic of Sale, was caught and imprisoned by the Knights of Malta in 1635, along with his men.... | [
"Might be a little early for the \"Golden Age\" of Piracy, but this is the only pirate escape I can remember right now.\n\nJan Janszoon, one of the most famous Dutch Muslim pirates of the Barbary coast, and President of the Pirate Republic of Sale, was caught and imprisoned by the Knights of Malta in 1635, along wi... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> passengers, they came aboard after looting and sinking the Portuguese pink. When they arrived in America, they were arrested and the stolen goods confiscated. The Joseph’s Captain, Thomas Williams, escaped capture.
That October in Philadelphia Macferson and his four co-conspirators were put on trial, convicted, and... | question: Were there any pirate escapes from prison during the Golden Age of Piracy like in movies and fiction? What is a cool pirate story I should know about? context: <P> passengers, they came aboard after looting and sinking the Portuguese pink. When they arrived in America, they were arrested and the stolen goods ... | answer: Might be a little early for the "Golden Age" of Piracy, but this is the only pirate escape I can remember right now.Jan Janszoon, one of the most famous Dutch Muslim pirates of the Barbary coast, and President of the Pirate Republic of Sale, was caught and imprisoned by the Knights of Malta in 1635, along with ... |
178,327 | qb97g | how investing in bonds works. | 1. Company, government, or other entity says, "if you give me $100 now, I'll give you $105 next year".2. You pay $100, get issued a bond3. ...a year passes, and the bond issuer doesn't go bankrupt4. You redeem the bond for $105Where it gets complicated is on secondary market, where bonds are bought and sold after they ... | [
"You are probably wondering about trading in bonds in a bond market. Buying a bond is easy, just go to your bank. \n\nSelling your bond on the market is not something that should be done by five year olds. If you do not really understand what you are doing you should not do this. ",
"1. Company, government, or ot... | 3 | [] | 0 | <P> the starting time to coincide with their retirement date. They would buy a dedicated portfolio whose first bond matured in five years, the second in six years, etc. Yields would likely be higher on these bonds because they are further out on the yield curve.
Note that any of the bonds could be zero coupon bonds,... | question: how investing in bonds works. context: <P> the starting time to coincide with their retirement date. They would buy a dedicated portfolio whose first bond matured in five years, the second in six years, etc. Yields would likely be higher on these bonds because they are further out on the yield curve.
Note t... | answer: 1. Company, government, or other entity says, "if you give me $100 now, I'll give you $105 next year".2. You pay $100, get issued a bond3. ...a year passes, and the bond issuer doesn't go bankrupt4. You redeem the bond for $105Where it gets complicated is on secondary market, where bonds are bought and sold aft... |
204,328 | 49e28k | What does the reaction triggered by the gold rush say about the american character? | It is with good reason that the title of the classic work on the California Gold Rush, [The World Rushed In](_URL_0_) by J. S. Holliday (1981), made reference to the entire world. A fair number of the roughly 150k who came to California with the excitement of 1849 were from many other countries. The phenomenon speaks t... | [
"It is with good reason that the title of the classic work on the California Gold Rush, [The World Rushed In](_URL_0_) by J. S. Holliday (1981), made reference to the entire world. A fair number of the roughly 150k who came to California with the excitement of 1849 were from many other countries. The phenomenon spe... | 1 | [
"It is with good reason that the title of the classic work on the California Gold Rush, [The World Rushed In](_URL_0_) by J. S. Holliday (1981), made reference to the entire world. A fair number of the roughly 150k who came to California with the excitement of 1849 were from many other countries. The phenomenon spe... | 1 | <P> Thomas Walsh (miner) Career In the early 1870s, he heeded the call to "go west, young man" and found himself in Colorado getting paid well for his carpentry skills. During the 1870s, the Black Hills of South Dakota saw a gold rush that attracted hordes of hopeful men afflicted with gold fever. It has been said that... | question: What does the reaction triggered by the gold rush say about the american character? context: <P> Thomas Walsh (miner) Career In the early 1870s, he heeded the call to "go west, young man" and found himself in Colorado getting paid well for his carpentry skills. During the 1870s, the Black Hills of South Dakot... | answer: It is with good reason that the title of the classic work on the California Gold Rush, [The World Rushed In](_URL_0_) by J. S. Holliday (1981), made reference to the entire world. A fair number of the roughly 150k who came to California with the excitement of 1849 were from many other countries. The phenomenon ... |
121,171 | 2t2l6a | why can i buy a $4 coffee almost everyday without thinking twice but it is a huge deal to pay $0.99 for an app? | You know you are going to enjoy that coffee, even if you are going to enjoy only once. Part of your brain is craving that coffee and telling you to buy it. It's going to fill a coffee-shaped hole in your life. The absence of that coffee is going to cause you considerable discomfort and mental stress, so you had better ... | [
"You know you are going to enjoy that coffee, even if you are going to enjoy only once. Part of your brain is craving that coffee and telling you to buy it. It's going to fill a coffee-shaped hole in your life. The absence of that coffee is going to cause you considerable discomfort and mental stress, so you had be... | 8 | [
"You know you are going to enjoy that coffee, even if you are going to enjoy only once. Part of your brain is craving that coffee and telling you to buy it. It's going to fill a coffee-shaped hole in your life. The absence of that coffee is going to cause you considerable discomfort and mental stress, so you had be... | 3 | <P> Purchase was featured in a segment on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon. <P> score. Manufacturer 2015: Peak Sponsor 2015: Ooredoo <P> experience by comparing what they expected and imagined versus what they perceive they received from a particular supplier. Thus, an unpleasant experience, not consistent with the promise... | question: why can i buy a $4 coffee almost everyday without thinking twice but it is a huge deal to pay $0.99 for an app? context: <P> Purchase was featured in a segment on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon. <P> score. Manufacturer 2015: Peak Sponsor 2015: Ooredoo <P> experience by comparing what they expected and imagined ... | answer: You know you are going to enjoy that coffee, even if you are going to enjoy only once. Part of your brain is craving that coffee and telling you to buy it. It's going to fill a coffee-shaped hole in your life. The absence of that coffee is going to cause you considerable discomfort and mental stress, so you had... |
77,778 | ss45b | Is prolonged use of earplugs bad for your hearing? | As long as they're the right size and you keep them somewhat clean, you should have no problems. | [
"As long as they're the right size and you keep them somewhat clean, you should have no problems."
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> use of devices such as earplugs, which are inserted into the ear canal to block noise, or earmuffs, objects designed to cover a person's ears entirely. Management The loss of hearing, when it is caused by neural loss, cannot presently be cured. Instead, its effects can be mitigated by the use of audioprosthetic dev... | question: Is prolonged use of earplugs bad for your hearing? context: <P> use of devices such as earplugs, which are inserted into the ear canal to block noise, or earmuffs, objects designed to cover a person's ears entirely. Management The loss of hearing, when it is caused by neural loss, cannot presently be cured. I... | answer: As long as they're the right size and you keep them somewhat clean, you should have no problems. |
127,518 | 6chanf | how do chomsky's grammar trees and generative grammar "work"? | Starts out with the question "What does it mean to *know a language*?" (It can't mean "knowing all the words"; I know English but I still sometimes run across words I don't know.) One answer is "knowing-a-language equals knowing-whether-a-sequence-of-words-is-a-sentence-of-that-language". Like if I see the sentence ... | [
"Starts out with the question \"What does it mean to *know a language*?\" (It can't mean \"knowing all the words\"; I know English but I still sometimes run across words I don't know.) One answer is \"knowing-a-language equals knowing-whether-a-sequence-of-words-is-a-sentence-of-that-language\". \n\nLike if I se... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> in Linguistics, Hockett decided that this approach was of little value. His book The State of the Art outlined his criticisms of the generative approach. In his paraphrase a key principle of the Chomskyan paradigm is that there are an infinite number of grammatical sentences in any particular language.
The grammar... | question: how do chomsky's grammar trees and generative grammar "work"? context: <P> in Linguistics, Hockett decided that this approach was of little value. His book The State of the Art outlined his criticisms of the generative approach. In his paraphrase a key principle of the Chomskyan paradigm is that there are an ... | answer: Starts out with the question "What does it mean to *know a language*?" (It can't mean "knowing all the words"; I know English but I still sometimes run across words I don't know.) One answer is "knowing-a-language equals knowing-whether-a-sequence-of-words-is-a-sentence-of-that-language". Like if I see the s... |
133,193 | 1tps3f | NATO ammunition | There are several factors that led to the NATO standardization agreements (STANAG). These agreements cover many areas of military equipment, for this answer I will focus on the adoption of the 7.62x51 and 5.56x45 rounds.When NATO was formed it was found that a standardized round was required. This standardization imp... | [
"There are several factors that led to the NATO standardization agreements (STANAG). These agreements cover many areas of military equipment, for this answer I will focus on the adoption of the 7.62x51 and 5.56x45 rounds.\n\n\nWhen NATO was formed it was found that a standardized round was required. This standard... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> feature a Warsaw Pact side-rail bracket on the left side of the receiver for mounting aiming optics. PKMT Modernized version of PKT. PKB Version without stock for mounting on roofs of vehicles. PKBM Modernized version of PKB. HCP PKM-"NATO" (Poland) In the early 1990s, as part of the preparations to join NATO, the ... | question: NATO ammunition context: <P> feature a Warsaw Pact side-rail bracket on the left side of the receiver for mounting aiming optics. PKMT Modernized version of PKT. PKB Version without stock for mounting on roofs of vehicles. PKBM Modernized version of PKB. HCP PKM-"NATO" (Poland) In the early 1990s, as part of ... | answer: There are several factors that led to the NATO standardization agreements (STANAG). These agreements cover many areas of military equipment, for this answer I will focus on the adoption of the 7.62x51 and 5.56x45 rounds.When NATO was formed it was found that a standardized round was required. This standardiza... |
59,470 | bliwmf | how does my record player know the vinyl is finished so that the arm lifts up and goes back to the rest and stops it spinning? | Because it get close to the center and at a certain angle a connection closes to start that action. | [
"Because it get close to the center and at a certain angle a connection closes to start that action.",
"The arm is always moving toward the center as the record spins. When the arm reaches a spot a specific distance from the center it stops and raises. It is the same location for all records.",
"Record needles ... | 4 | [
"Because it get close to the center and at a certain angle a connection closes to start that action.",
"The arm is always moving toward the center as the record spins. When the arm reaches a spot a specific distance from the center it stops and raises. It is the same location for all records.",
"Record needles ... | 4 | <P> are driven along a track by various means, from strings and pulleys, to worm gears or electromagnets. The cartridge's position is usually regulated by an electronic servomechanism or mechanical interface, moving the stylus properly over the groove as the record plays, or for song selection.
There are long-armed and... | question: how does my record player know the vinyl is finished so that the arm lifts up and goes back to the rest and stops it spinning? context: <P> are driven along a track by various means, from strings and pulleys, to worm gears or electromagnets. The cartridge's position is usually regulated by an electronic servo... | answer: Because it get close to the center and at a certain angle a connection closes to start that action. |
15,959 | 28kewk | How sure are historians about the US/CIA involvement of the 1973 coup in Chile? | I think what Devine is getting at is there is a difference between being directly behind a coup calling the shots and being in support of a coup and some of the events leading up to it. As for the coup itself, Devine is correct that the coup was totally of the making of the Chilean military. There was no CIA puppet tha... | [
"I think what Devine is getting at is there is a difference between being directly behind a coup calling the shots and being in support of a coup and some of the events leading up to it. \n\nAs for the coup itself, Devine is correct that the coup was totally of the making of the Chilean military. There was no CIA p... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> historians also engaged in producing false claims and falsification of history; for example Soviet historiography falsely claimed that the Katyn massacre was carried out by Germans rather than by Soviets. Yet another example is related to the case of Soviet reprisals against former Soviet POWs returning from German... | question: How sure are historians about the US/CIA involvement of the 1973 coup in Chile? context: <P> historians also engaged in producing false claims and falsification of history; for example Soviet historiography falsely claimed that the Katyn massacre was carried out by Germans rather than by Soviets. Yet another ... | answer: I think what Devine is getting at is there is a difference between being directly behind a coup calling the shots and being in support of a coup and some of the events leading up to it. As for the coup itself, Devine is correct that the coup was totally of the making of the Chilean military. There was no CIA pu... |
226,843 | l3qt9 | why do i need to reheat cooked chicken to a certain temperature, but i dont need to reheat chicken salad to a certain temperature? i can just eat that cold. | You don't have to reheat chicken. It just has to be cooked thoroughly the 1st time. | [
"I eat cold chicken all the time.\n\nStraight from the fridge. \n\nNo issues.",
"You don't have to reheat chicken. It just has to be cooked thoroughly the 1st time.",
"Once it starts warming up bacteria begins to grow FAST. So: cold or hot, take your pick. ",
"The science: Any food that was originally served ... | 10 | [
"I eat cold chicken all the time.\n\nStraight from the fridge. \n\nNo issues.",
"You don't have to reheat chicken. It just has to be cooked thoroughly the 1st time.",
"Once it starts warming up bacteria begins to grow FAST. So: cold or hot, take your pick. ",
"The science: Any food that was originally served ... | 8 | <P> Chim chum Marinate the pork with oyster sauce, light soy sauce, and sugar. Let sit in the fridge overnight. Bring the chicken stock to the boil, add in galangal, lemongrass, kaffir lime leaves. When the stock is fragrant, add in Thai Sweet Basil. Add the fresh vegetable to the broth. You want to start with the food... | question: why do i need to reheat cooked chicken to a certain temperature, but i dont need to reheat chicken salad to a certain temperature? i can just eat that cold. context: <P> Chim chum Marinate the pork with oyster sauce, light soy sauce, and sugar. Let sit in the fridge overnight. Bring the chicken stock to the b... | answer: You don't have to reheat chicken. It just has to be cooked thoroughly the 1st time. |
409 | 8qonnu | Why does water evaporate off of ceramic quicker than plastic? | Most likely because of higher thermal conductivity.When water evaporates, it cools, which makes it less likely to evaporate. On ceramic, the material can transfer heat back into the now cooler water faster, but in plastic it can't, so the water has to wait longer to get enough thermal energy to fully evaporate. | [
"Most likely because of higher thermal conductivity.\n\nWhen water evaporates, it cools, which makes it less likely to evaporate. On ceramic, the material can transfer heat back into the now cooler water faster, but in plastic it can't, so the water has to wait longer to get enough thermal energy to fully evaporate... | 2 | [
"Most likely because of higher thermal conductivity.\n\nWhen water evaporates, it cools, which makes it less likely to evaporate. On ceramic, the material can transfer heat back into the now cooler water faster, but in plastic it can't, so the water has to wait longer to get enough thermal energy to fully evaporate... | 1 | <P> control wetting are also responsible for other related effects, including capillary effects.
There are two types of wetting: non-reactive wetting and active wetting. High-energy vs. low-energy surfaces Liquids can interact with two main types of solid surfaces. Traditionally, solid surfaces have been divided into h... | question: Why does water evaporate off of ceramic quicker than plastic? context: <P> control wetting are also responsible for other related effects, including capillary effects.
There are two types of wetting: non-reactive wetting and active wetting. High-energy vs. low-energy surfaces Liquids can interact with two mai... | answer: Most likely because of higher thermal conductivity.When water evaporates, it cools, which makes it less likely to evaporate. On ceramic, the material can transfer heat back into the now cooler water faster, but in plastic it can't, so the water has to wait longer to get enough thermal energy to fully evaporate. |
112,266 | 2v8t5v | Do people in large population-dense cities like Tokyo, Mexico City and New York get sick more frequently, being exposed to more people on a daily basis? | Short answer is yes and possibly. More people touching more areas allows for a greater spread of any bacteria. More hosts allow for a greater chance of mutation and more strains. Each time you contract a strain, even if it doesn't make you physically sick causes your body to create antibodies, thus theoretically boosti... | [
"Short answer is yes and possibly. More people touching more areas allows for a greater spread of any bacteria. More hosts allow for a greater chance of mutation and more strains. Each time you contract a strain, even if it doesn't make you physically sick causes your body to create antibodies, thus theoretically b... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> burden of chronic respiratory diseases" and focus mainly on vulnerable populations and low and middle-income countries. <P> European, southeast Asian, and Caribbean countries are between 2-4%, in Mediterranean countries at approximately 10%, and in sub-Saharan African countries at approximately 40%. In South Americ... | question: Do people in large population-dense cities like Tokyo, Mexico City and New York get sick more frequently, being exposed to more people on a daily basis? context: <P> burden of chronic respiratory diseases" and focus mainly on vulnerable populations and low and middle-income countries. <P> European, southeast ... | answer: Short answer is yes and possibly. More people touching more areas allows for a greater spread of any bacteria. More hosts allow for a greater chance of mutation and more strains. Each time you contract a strain, even if it doesn't make you physically sick causes your body to create antibodies, thus theoreticall... |
148,708 | 877rfw | what is the difference between odds and probability? | TLDR:1 in 6 chance = probability of 1/6 = 5:1 odds.The long version:There is no fundamental difference. The two words refer to broadly the same concept. The only gotcha is that different people use different names and different notation.The most common thing I see in informal contexts is, I think, "There's an x in y ch... | [
"Odds are always expressed as a ratio, whereas probability is usually a percentage. \n\nThe probability of event A happening is 25% but its odds are 1 in 4. \n\nWhen you're just talking it makes little difference which you use, \"probability isn't good.\" \"The odds aren't great,\" but when it comes to actual figur... | 3 | [
"TLDR:\n1 in 6 chance = probability of 1/6 = 5:1 odds.\n\nThe long version:\n\nThere is no fundamental difference. The two words refer to broadly the same concept. The only gotcha is that different people use different names and different notation.\n\nThe most common thing I see in informal contexts is, I think, \"... | 1 | <P> game of chance". <P> is the probability that the bacterium dies between 5 hours and 5.01 hours? Suppose the answer is 0.02 (i.e., 2%). Next: What is the probability that the bacterium dies between 5 hours and 5.001 hours? The answer should be about 0.002, since this time interval is one-tenth as long as the previou... | question: what is the difference between odds and probability? context: <P> game of chance". <P> is the probability that the bacterium dies between 5 hours and 5.01 hours? Suppose the answer is 0.02 (i.e., 2%). Next: What is the probability that the bacterium dies between 5 hours and 5.001 hours? The answer should be a... | answer: TLDR:1 in 6 chance = probability of 1/6 = 5:1 odds.The long version:There is no fundamental difference. The two words refer to broadly the same concept. The only gotcha is that different people use different names and different notation.The most common thing I see in informal contexts is, I think, "There's an x... |
115,965 | 4wba2h | How does light know which path is fastest? | In classical mechanics, the light doesn't "know", it just takes the fastest path because that is what happens when it obeys a certain [set of rules](_URL_1_). It's like asking how a ball knows to fall downwards. > I have read an answer which described it as light doesn't know a-priori but takes all possible paths, and ... | [
"In classical mechanics, the light doesn't \"know\", it just takes the fastest path because that is what happens when it obeys a certain [set of rules](_URL_1_). It's like asking how a ball knows to fall downwards.\n > I have read an answer which described it as light doesn't know a-priori but takes all possible pa... | 1 | [
"In classical mechanics, the light doesn't \"know\", it just takes the fastest path because that is what happens when it obeys a certain [set of rules](_URL_1_). It's like asking how a ball knows to fall downwards.\n > I have read an answer which described it as light doesn't know a-priori but takes all possible pa... | 1 | <P> to the next nominated point is taken as if the first point were a point-source. Without this condition, the traversal time would be ambiguous; for example, if the propagation time from P to P′ were reckoned from an arbitrary wavefront W containing P (Fig. 2), that time could be made arbitrarily small by suitably a... | question: How does light know which path is fastest? context: <P> to the next nominated point is taken as if the first point were a point-source. Without this condition, the traversal time would be ambiguous; for example, if the propagation time from P to P′ were reckoned from an arbitrary wavefront W containing P (Fi... | answer: In classical mechanics, the light doesn't "know", it just takes the fastest path because that is what happens when it obeys a certain [set of rules](_URL_1_). It's like asking how a ball knows to fall downwards. > I have read an answer which described it as light doesn't know a-priori but takes all possible pat... |
94,477 | p46tw | Why does purified water taste sweet? | What you're tasting is the minerals that are added to the water. | [
"What you're tasting is the minerals that are added to the water."
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> idea of using contrast started to gain more favor. It follows the same idea that the "salty/sweet" pairing does in cooking (such as salty peanut butter with sweet jelly).
The same food may be complemented or contrasted: a hard, nutty cheese such as Hirtenkase should have "a nutty, slightly sweet wine with it," or a... | question: Why does purified water taste sweet? context: <P> idea of using contrast started to gain more favor. It follows the same idea that the "salty/sweet" pairing does in cooking (such as salty peanut butter with sweet jelly).
The same food may be complemented or contrasted: a hard, nutty cheese such as Hirtenkase ... | answer: What you're tasting is the minerals that are added to the water. |
190,737 | mbtbd | why does the gop want to defeat barack obama so badly? | Because he's a different political party, simple as that | [
"Because he's a different political party, simple as that",
"I don't think this is a serious question, just an agenda piece, but anyway.\n\nThe entire purpose of a political party is to get elected. That's it. Not to make good policy, or make friends, or anything else. Making good policy is one of several ways to... | 6 | [
"Because he's a different political party, simple as that",
"He's ideologically different. It's not really complicated. \n\n\nAnd he's black. ",
"Because he's a different political party, simple as that",
"He's ideologically different. It's not really complicated. \n\n\nAnd he's black. "
] | 4 | <P> action was the right thing to do, with majorities of Democrats and independents disagreeing. However, that same poll found that Republicans were divided on 46% to 45% lines on the question of if U.S. forces succeeded in their overall objectives. By January 2014, 52% of Republicans were supportive of military action... | question: why does the gop want to defeat barack obama so badly? context: <P> action was the right thing to do, with majorities of Democrats and independents disagreeing. However, that same poll found that Republicans were divided on 46% to 45% lines on the question of if U.S. forces succeeded in their overall objectiv... | answer: Because he's a different political party, simple as that |
151,758 | 2obtga | It's the 7th or 8th century and I'm Christian. How would I or people like me perceive the growing religion called Islam? | My comment that was linked by /u/i_like_jam answers part of your question, but there is definitely more material to discuss. As I am personally fascinated by this, I hope you enjoy this massive wall of text!The main reason why this question is complicated is that the answer is different for different sorts of Christian... | [
"Check out shlin28's excellent overview [here](_URL_0_). He discusses Roman perceptions of Islam and answers many of your questions.",
"My comment that was linked by /u/i_like_jam answers part of your question, but there is definitely more material to discuss. As I am personally fascinated by this, I hope you enj... | 2 | [
"Check out shlin28's excellent overview [here](_URL_0_). He discusses Roman perceptions of Islam and answers many of your questions.",
"My comment that was linked by /u/i_like_jam answers part of your question, but there is definitely more material to discuss. As I am personally fascinated by this, I hope you enj... | 2 | <P> thrice. At that time, Salman al-Farsi was with us. So Allah's Apostle put his hand on Salman, saying: "Even if Faith were at (the place of) Ath-Thuraiya (Pleiades, the highest star), then some man or men from these people (i.e. Salman's folk) would attain it."
Directly following this, is the hadith:
Narrated Abu Hu... | question: It's the 7th or 8th century and I'm Christian. How would I or people like me perceive the growing religion called Islam? context: <P> thrice. At that time, Salman al-Farsi was with us. So Allah's Apostle put his hand on Salman, saying: "Even if Faith were at (the place of) Ath-Thuraiya (Pleiades, the highest ... | answer: My comment that was linked by /u/i_like_jam answers part of your question, but there is definitely more material to discuss. As I am personally fascinated by this, I hope you enjoy this massive wall of text!The main reason why this question is complicated is that the answer is different for different sorts of C... |
204,184 | 1wxgl5 | How long did earth have the conditions to support life before it appeared | Some dates to consider (in Ga: billions of years ago):4.54 Ga - The [Earth formed](_URL_1_)4.4 Ga - The Earth cooled sufficiently for [crust to form](_URL_3_)3.7 Ga - The [oldest evidence](_URL_4_) we have for life on the planet, though it [may have arisen earlier](_URL_2_)Long story short, life basically could have ar... | [
"Some dates to consider (in Ga: billions of years ago):\n\n4.54 Ga - The [Earth formed](_URL_1_)\n\n4.4 Ga - The Earth cooled sufficiently for [crust to form](_URL_3_)\n\n3.7 Ga - The [oldest evidence](_URL_4_) we have for life on the planet, though it [may have arisen earlier](_URL_2_)\n\nLong story short, life ba... | 1 | [
"Some dates to consider (in Ga: billions of years ago):\n\n4.54 Ga - The [Earth formed](_URL_1_)\n\n4.4 Ga - The Earth cooled sufficiently for [crust to form](_URL_3_)\n\n3.7 Ga - The [oldest evidence](_URL_4_) we have for life on the planet, though it [may have arisen earlier](_URL_2_)\n\nLong story short, life ba... | 1 | <P> early Earth, reactive elements, such as iron and uranium, existed in a reduced form that would react with any free oxygen produced by photosynthesising organisms. Oxygen would not be able to build up in the atmosphere until all the iron had rusted (producing banded iron formations), and all the other reactive eleme... | question: How long did earth have the conditions to support life before it appeared context: <P> early Earth, reactive elements, such as iron and uranium, existed in a reduced form that would react with any free oxygen produced by photosynthesising organisms. Oxygen would not be able to build up in the atmosphere until... | answer: Some dates to consider (in Ga: billions of years ago):4.54 Ga - The [Earth formed](_URL_1_)4.4 Ga - The Earth cooled sufficiently for [crust to form](_URL_3_)3.7 Ga - The [oldest evidence](_URL_4_) we have for life on the planet, though it [may have arisen earlier](_URL_2_)Long story short, life basically could... |
63,703 | byl2ej | why is it easier to remember something by going back to what you were just doing? | The way your memory works is essentially by “remembering your last memory” of an occurrence, not actually remembering the event itself per sé. This is why, with time, memories become faded or restructured with less or different details. When you go back to what you were doing when you conceived the idea of doing someth... | [
"The way your memory works is essentially by “remembering your last memory” of an occurrence, not actually remembering the event itself per sé. This is why, with time, memories become faded or restructured with less or different details. When you go back to what you were doing when you conceived the idea of doing s... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> memory to act as a catch basin for such loss. <P> Remembers. <P> Rehearsal (educational psychology) Rehearsal in educational psychology refers to the "cognitive process in which information is repeated over and over as a possible way of learning and remembering it". There are two types of memory rehearsal.
The fi... | question: why is it easier to remember something by going back to what you were just doing? context: <P> memory to act as a catch basin for such loss. <P> Remembers. <P> Rehearsal (educational psychology) Rehearsal in educational psychology refers to the "cognitive process in which information is repeated over and ove... | answer: The way your memory works is essentially by “remembering your last memory” of an occurrence, not actually remembering the event itself per sé. This is why, with time, memories become faded or restructured with less or different details. When you go back to what you were doing when you conceived the idea of doin... |
155,869 | cy77yr | why do instruments sounds different to the human ear? obviously the materials they’re made of affect the sound somehow, but aren’t sounds just a function of amplitude (volume) and frequency (pitch)? why do the air molecules bouncing from a piano sound different than those of a cello or flute? | Yes, its about amplitude and frequency, but NOT about just ONE amplitude and frequency, its about the combination of other harmonics that a string or whatever produces.If you analysed the sound (or timber) of a note for different instruments, you would see that its composed of the actual pitch (lets say 100hz) that has... | [
"Yes, its about amplitude and frequency, but NOT about just ONE amplitude and frequency, its about the combination of other harmonics that a string or whatever produces.\nIf you analysed the sound (or timber) of a note for different instruments, you would see that its composed of the actual pitch (lets say 100hz) t... | 7 | [
"Yes, its about amplitude and frequency, but NOT about just ONE amplitude and frequency, its about the combination of other harmonics that a string or whatever produces.\nIf you analysed the sound (or timber) of a note for different instruments, you would see that its composed of the actual pitch (lets say 100hz) t... | 3 | <P> ear can hear these changes even in a single note. This is why the timbre of a note may be perceived differently when played staccato or legato.
A driven non-linear oscillator, such as the vocal folds, a blown wind instrument, or a bowed violin string (but not a struck guitar string or bell) will oscillate in a peri... | question: why do instruments sounds different to the human ear? obviously the materials they’re made of affect the sound somehow, but aren’t sounds just a function of amplitude (volume) and frequency (pitch)? why do the air molecules bouncing from a piano sound different than those of a cello or flute? context: <P> ear... | answer: Yes, its about amplitude and frequency, but NOT about just ONE amplitude and frequency, its about the combination of other harmonics that a string or whatever produces.If you analysed the sound (or timber) of a note for different instruments, you would see that its composed of the actual pitch (lets say 100hz) ... |
67,776 | oi1yi | Is this an actual picture of some atoms? | You can image atoms. You can't do it with *light*, as far as I know, but you can do it with scanning microscopes. Precisely, with [scanning tunneling microscopes](_URL_2_) (STM) and with [atomic force microscopes](_URL_4_) (AFM). [Here](_URL_3_) you can find a lot of atom images by atomic force microscopes. Note [this ... | [
"I can't speak with regards to the image in your article but [this](_URL_0_) is an interesting article discussing the imaging of pentacene by IBM where individual atoms can be seen.",
"You can image atoms. You can't do it with *light*, as far as I know, but you can do it with scanning microscopes. Precisely, with... | 3 | [
"You can image atoms. You can't do it with *light*, as far as I know, but you can do it with scanning microscopes. Precisely, with [scanning tunneling microscopes](_URL_2_) (STM) and with [atomic force microscopes](_URL_4_) (AFM). \n\n[Here](_URL_3_) you can find a lot of atom images by atomic force microscopes. No... | 2 | <P> Hypercolor (physics) In particle physics, hypercolor is a hypothetical attractive force that binds prequarks together by the exchange of hypergluons, analogous to the exchange of gluons by the color force, which binds quarks together. <P> to the original reference beam. A re-constructed image of the original real ... | question: Is this an actual picture of some atoms? context: <P> Hypercolor (physics) In particle physics, hypercolor is a hypothetical attractive force that binds prequarks together by the exchange of hypergluons, analogous to the exchange of gluons by the color force, which binds quarks together. <P> to the original r... | answer: You can image atoms. You can't do it with *light*, as far as I know, but you can do it with scanning microscopes. Precisely, with [scanning tunneling microscopes](_URL_2_) (STM) and with [atomic force microscopes](_URL_4_) (AFM). [Here](_URL_3_) you can find a lot of atom images by atomic force microscopes. Not... |
132,500 | 69dhvh | how does a human survive being horizontally cut in half (and left bleeding for at least a half-hour)? | So.... your lower organs are... "less" vital. You use your intestines for digesting food, and metabolism is important... but you can go a day or two without. Bleeding out is a big problem with any sort of structural damage. But as long as the blood clots or the bleeding is staunched, you won't lose blood pressure and... | [
"So.... your lower organs are... \"less\" vital. You use your intestines for digesting food, and metabolism is important... but you can go a day or two without. \n\nBleeding out is a big problem with any sort of structural damage. But as long as the blood clots or the bleeding is staunched, you won't lose blood p... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> severe haemophilia and some individuals with moderate haemophilia. The most characteristic type of internal bleed is a joint bleed where blood enters into the joint spaces. This is most common with severe haemophiliacs and can occur spontaneously (without evident trauma). If not treated promptly, joint bleeds can l... | question: how does a human survive being horizontally cut in half (and left bleeding for at least a half-hour)? context: <P> severe haemophilia and some individuals with moderate haemophilia. The most characteristic type of internal bleed is a joint bleed where blood enters into the joint spaces. This is most common wi... | answer: So.... your lower organs are... "less" vital. You use your intestines for digesting food, and metabolism is important... but you can go a day or two without. Bleeding out is a big problem with any sort of structural damage. But as long as the blood clots or the bleeding is staunched, you won't lose blood pres... |
131,116 | 3ct3vn | how is the nursery rhyme "eenie meenie minie moe" racist | The original version of the rhyme (and, if I recall, the version involved in the Top Gear controversy) did not use the word Tiger. It used [a different word](_URL_0_). | [
"The original version of the rhyme (and, if I recall, the version involved in the Top Gear controversy) did not use the word Tiger. It used [a different word](_URL_0_).",
"The history of the rhyme is about catching a slave. The rhyme used to be \"catch a n***** by the toe; if he hollers let him go.\" It's been ... | 3 | [
"The original version of the rhyme (and, if I recall, the version involved in the Top Gear controversy) did not use the word Tiger. It used [a different word](_URL_0_).",
"The history of the rhyme is about catching a slave. The rhyme used to be \"catch a n***** by the toe; if he hollers let him go.\" It's been ... | 2 | <P> and the references to Africa were deleted. Dahl later expressed regret over the original version, saying that his original intention of depicting Charlie as a black child was evidence that he was not racist. "Spotty Powder" "Spotty Powder" was first published as a short story in 1973. In 1998 it was included in the... | question: how is the nursery rhyme "eenie meenie minie moe" racist context: <P> and the references to Africa were deleted. Dahl later expressed regret over the original version, saying that his original intention of depicting Charlie as a black child was evidence that he was not racist. "Spotty Powder" "Spotty Powder" ... | answer: The original version of the rhyme (and, if I recall, the version involved in the Top Gear controversy) did not use the word Tiger. It used [a different word](_URL_0_). |
144,306 | 3sf199 | why is gravity/relativity shown as 2 dimensional? | Because we can't see in 4 dimensions.Space-time is visualized by cutting 3 dimensions to 2 dimensions and then showing the change in gravity/relativity in the 3rd dimension. The 3rd dimension represents the 4th.Also, things in a solar system are lined up in a disk! so the 2 dimension representation is really accurate! | [
"Because we can't see in 4 dimensions.\n\nSpace-time is visualized by cutting 3 dimensions to 2 dimensions and then showing the change in gravity/relativity in the 3rd dimension. The 3rd dimension represents the 4th.\n\nAlso, things in a solar system are lined up in a disk! so the 2 dimension representation is real... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> Gravity well Gravity wells and general relativity Both the rigid gravity well and the rubber-sheet model are frequently misidentified as models of general relativity due to an accidental resemblance to general relativistic embedding diagrams, and perhaps Einstein's employment of gravitational "curvature" bending th... | question: why is gravity/relativity shown as 2 dimensional? context: <P> Gravity well Gravity wells and general relativity Both the rigid gravity well and the rubber-sheet model are frequently misidentified as models of general relativity due to an accidental resemblance to general relativistic embedding diagrams, and ... | answer: Because we can't see in 4 dimensions.Space-time is visualized by cutting 3 dimensions to 2 dimensions and then showing the change in gravity/relativity in the 3rd dimension. The 3rd dimension represents the 4th.Also, things in a solar system are lined up in a disk! so the 2 dimension representation is really ac... |
76,433 | 5t65w2 | how did online shopping become a thing? | When railroad networks became common in the late 1800s it became possible for manufacturers and warehouses to send products directly to producers. So they would print and distribute their catalogs and have people telegraph inn their orders. After they had received their products they would do a money order to transfer ... | [
"When railroad networks became common in the late 1800s it became possible for manufacturers and warehouses to send products directly to producers. So they would print and distribute their catalogs and have people telegraph inn their orders. After they had received their products they would do a money order to tran... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> it existed in the earliest vendor stalls in the first towns, where merchants brought their agricultural produce, clay pots and handmade clothing to sell in a village market. Bricks and mortar businesses remain important in the 2010s, though many shops and services, ranging from consumer electronics shops to clothin... | question: how did online shopping become a thing? context: <P> it existed in the earliest vendor stalls in the first towns, where merchants brought their agricultural produce, clay pots and handmade clothing to sell in a village market. Bricks and mortar businesses remain important in the 2010s, though many shops and s... | answer: When railroad networks became common in the late 1800s it became possible for manufacturers and warehouses to send products directly to producers. So they would print and distribute their catalogs and have people telegraph inn their orders. After they had received their products they would do a money order to t... |
211,956 | qu6gd | what is a headache and why loud/annoying noises cause them. | Loud or annoying noises don't cause headaches. It's the other way around: a headache makes you more sensitive to noise.A headache is pain in the head caused by adenosine, which is a chemical your body makes. Anything that makes cells in your head release adenosine will tend to give you a headache. | [
"Loud or annoying noises don't cause headaches. It's the other way around: a headache makes you more sensitive to noise.\n\nA headache is pain in the head caused by adenosine, which is a chemical your body makes. Anything that makes cells in your head release adenosine will tend to give you a headache."
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> Ictal headache Signs and symptoms Severity of ictal headaches can vary from a slight pressure or "cloud" to an intensity far beyond migraine. Some have called it a "suicide headache" in the worst instances. Temporary blindness may also occur in some cases.
Symptoms besides headache may be either present or absent, ... | question: what is a headache and why loud/annoying noises cause them. context: <P> Ictal headache Signs and symptoms Severity of ictal headaches can vary from a slight pressure or "cloud" to an intensity far beyond migraine. Some have called it a "suicide headache" in the worst instances. Temporary blindness may also o... | answer: Loud or annoying noises don't cause headaches. It's the other way around: a headache makes you more sensitive to noise.A headache is pain in the head caused by adenosine, which is a chemical your body makes. Anything that makes cells in your head release adenosine will tend to give you a headache. |
178,767 | 4igxh8 | why do most charities only want money instead of volunteers or make volunteers pay to volunteer? | Volunteers are unreliable. Sometimes they show up, sometimes they don't. Sometimes they promise to do something and they don't. Sometimes they do show up to help and are completely useless or unqualified for what they have signed up for.Money doesn't disappoint. The $100 they get from you is absolutely as good as the $... | [
"Volunteers are unreliable. Sometimes they show up, sometimes they don't. Sometimes they promise to do something and they don't. Sometimes they do show up to help and are completely useless or unqualified for what they have signed up for.\n\nMoney doesn't disappoint. The $100 they get from you is absolutely as good... | 1 | [
"Volunteers are unreliable. Sometimes they show up, sometimes they don't. Sometimes they promise to do something and they don't. Sometimes they do show up to help and are completely useless or unqualified for what they have signed up for.\n\nMoney doesn't disappoint. The $100 they get from you is absolutely as good... | 1 | <P> their contribution should be seen as a form of “clinical labor” and therefore participants should also benefit economically. <P> raise proceeds for the cause. <P> the support of volunteer initiatives. <P> 100 Neediest Cases The 100 Neediest Cases is an annual charitable campaign jointly sponsored by the St. Louis P... | question: why do most charities only want money instead of volunteers or make volunteers pay to volunteer? context: <P> their contribution should be seen as a form of “clinical labor” and therefore participants should also benefit economically. <P> raise proceeds for the cause. <P> the support of volunteer initiatives.... | answer: Volunteers are unreliable. Sometimes they show up, sometimes they don't. Sometimes they promise to do something and they don't. Sometimes they do show up to help and are completely useless or unqualified for what they have signed up for.Money doesn't disappoint. The $100 they get from you is absolutely as good ... |
131,917 | 1vhl2e | What was happening in Japan during the Hellenistic era in the West? | That period of time was in Japan a period of enormous change. From about 14,000 years ago until about 300 BC, there were humans living in Japan and they lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They had pottery, but they did not farm rice, and didn't really do much agriculture at all, though there were some sedentary populat... | [
"That period of time was in Japan a period of enormous change. From about 14,000 years ago until about 300 BC, there were humans living in Japan and they lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They had pottery, but they did not farm rice, and didn't really do much agriculture at all, though there were some sedentary po... | 1 | [
"That period of time was in Japan a period of enormous change. From about 14,000 years ago until about 300 BC, there were humans living in Japan and they lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They had pottery, but they did not farm rice, and didn't really do much agriculture at all, though there were some sedentary po... | 1 | <P> from kilns in the Osaka area, including a strong connection between the ancient nobility in this region with the Kansai region. <P> Kaya as Japan's most important conduit for foreign trade and mainland Asian culture. "Mimana" historical debate The Nihon Shoki, an ancient text of Japanese history, states that Empres... | question: What was happening in Japan during the Hellenistic era in the West? context: <P> from kilns in the Osaka area, including a strong connection between the ancient nobility in this region with the Kansai region. <P> Kaya as Japan's most important conduit for foreign trade and mainland Asian culture. "Mimana" his... | answer: That period of time was in Japan a period of enormous change. From about 14,000 years ago until about 300 BC, there were humans living in Japan and they lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They had pottery, but they did not farm rice, and didn't really do much agriculture at all, though there were some sedentary... |
77,183 | e25plt | Why do we use three phase instead of two phase? | The main benefit of 3-phase power is that the available power is never 0. A 180-degree shifted 2-phase system would actually be very similar to the 1-phase system that most household outlets provide. One of the downsides of this is flicker. Electric devices must contend with short periods of no power ~~60~~ **120** ... | [
"The main benefit of 3-phase power is that the available power is never 0. \n\nA 180-degree shifted 2-phase system would actually be very similar to the 1-phase system that most household outlets provide. One of the downsides of this is flicker. Electric devices must contend with short periods of no power ~~60~~... | 4 | [
"The main benefit of 3-phase power is that the available power is never 0. \n\nA 180-degree shifted 2-phase system would actually be very similar to the 1-phase system that most household outlets provide. One of the downsides of this is flicker. Electric devices must contend with short periods of no power ~~60~~... | 3 | <P> phase, if required. <P> Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky in 1889. Previously all commercial motors were DC, with expensive commutators, high-maintenance brushes and characteristics unsuitable for operation on an alternating current network. Polyphase motors are simple to construct, are self-starting and have little vibra... | question: Why do we use three phase instead of two phase? context: <P> phase, if required. <P> Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky in 1889. Previously all commercial motors were DC, with expensive commutators, high-maintenance brushes and characteristics unsuitable for operation on an alternating current network. Polyphase moto... | answer: The main benefit of 3-phase power is that the available power is never 0. A 180-degree shifted 2-phase system would actually be very similar to the 1-phase system that most household outlets provide. One of the downsides of this is flicker. Electric devices must contend with short periods of no power ~~60~~ ... |
113,750 | f266tw | Are there electrons in neutrons? | No, there are no electrons in neutrons. A neutron consists of three quarks (two 'down' quarks with charge -1/3 and one 'up' quark with charge +2/3).However, particles can change into other particles subject to conservation laws - energy, momentum, angular momentum, charge etc.This is the principle of particle acceler... | [
"Yes this is correct. It’s through an interaction called flavour changing via the Weak Nuclear Force. I’ll try not to get too technical, however one of the Quarks that make up nucleons changes ‘flavour’ into a different quark. This flavour change result in a W boson being released, which subsequently decays into ei... | 2 | [
"Yes this is correct. It’s through an interaction called flavour changing via the Weak Nuclear Force. I’ll try not to get too technical, however one of the Quarks that make up nucleons changes ‘flavour’ into a different quark. This flavour change result in a W boson being released, which subsequently decays into ei... | 2 | <P> via a
Z⁰
exchange, and this is responsible for neutrino-electron elastic scattering. Atoms and molecules An electron can be bound to the nucleus of an atom by the attractive Coulomb force. A system of one or more electrons bound to a nucleus is called an atom. If the number of electrons is different from the nucl... | question: Are there electrons in neutrons? context: <P> via a
Z⁰
exchange, and this is responsible for neutrino-electron elastic scattering. Atoms and molecules An electron can be bound to the nucleus of an atom by the attractive Coulomb force. A system of one or more electrons bound to a nucleus is called an atom. I... | answer: No, there are no electrons in neutrons. A neutron consists of three quarks (two 'down' quarks with charge -1/3 and one 'up' quark with charge +2/3).However, particles can change into other particles subject to conservation laws - energy, momentum, angular momentum, charge etc.This is the principle of particle... |
38,067 | 1j9q86 | can anaerobic bacteria survive on the moon ? | Chances are, no. The problem isn't oxygen but the lack of water. That's why the search for extraterrestrial life often revolves around the search for water.The specific type of bacteria you're referring to, such as *[Desulforudis audaxviator](_URL_2_)*, still requires water to survive. While Earth may share similar che... | [
"Chances are, no. The problem isn't oxygen but the lack of water. That's why the search for extraterrestrial life often revolves around the search for water.\n\nThe specific type of bacteria you're referring to, such as *[Desulforudis audaxviator](_URL_2_)*, still requires water to survive.\n While Earth may share ... | 1 | [
"Chances are, no. The problem isn't oxygen but the lack of water. That's why the search for extraterrestrial life often revolves around the search for water.\n\nThe specific type of bacteria you're referring to, such as *[Desulforudis audaxviator](_URL_2_)*, still requires water to survive.\n While Earth may share ... | 1 | <P> appears in a terrestrial environment. <P> all algae are obligate aerobes. <P> it requires excellent tank conditions to thrive or even survive. <P> the planet may be habitable if it has an atmosphere thick enough to transfer heat to the side facing away from the star. If it has an atmosphere, simulations suggest tha... | question: can anaerobic bacteria survive on the moon ? context: <P> appears in a terrestrial environment. <P> all algae are obligate aerobes. <P> it requires excellent tank conditions to thrive or even survive. <P> the planet may be habitable if it has an atmosphere thick enough to transfer heat to the side facing away... | answer: Chances are, no. The problem isn't oxygen but the lack of water. That's why the search for extraterrestrial life often revolves around the search for water.The specific type of bacteria you're referring to, such as *[Desulforudis audaxviator](_URL_2_)*, still requires water to survive. While Earth may share sim... |
38,483 | 4hh4nk | What does electrical stimulation of the amygdala in mice cause? | Your answer choice was correct. Stimulation of the amygdala would cause more intense emotions, like a panic attack. What you and your friends were debating between were irritative (stimulating) and destructive lesions. | [
"Your answer choice was correct. Stimulation of the amygdala would cause more intense emotions, like a panic attack. What you and your friends were debating between were irritative (stimulating) and destructive lesions. "
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> effective in hard to treat childhood epilepsy. Other Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus is approved for DRE in some countries in Europe, but has been and continues to only be used in a very few patients. After 5 years of DBS a seizure reduction of 69% and a 50%-responder rate of 68% was ... | question: What does electrical stimulation of the amygdala in mice cause? context: <P> effective in hard to treat childhood epilepsy. Other Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus is approved for DRE in some countries in Europe, but has been and continues to only be used in a very few patients. A... | answer: Your answer choice was correct. Stimulation of the amygdala would cause more intense emotions, like a panic attack. What you and your friends were debating between were irritative (stimulating) and destructive lesions. |
213,603 | 1rwsxq | How dark/bright is our full moon compared to other moons in the solar system? | Compared to other moons in our solar system, our Luna is much larger than average. [Here](_URL_0_) is a pretty good reference for moon data. Using size as the metric, Titan would be the brightest if it were transplanted to Earth orbit. As to reflectivity of each moon, that could change the results of your query. But, y... | [
"Compared to other moons in our solar system, our Luna is much larger than average. [Here](_URL_0_) is a pretty good reference for moon data. Using size as the metric, Titan would be the brightest if it were transplanted to Earth orbit. As to reflectivity of each moon, that could change the results of your query. B... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> dark, is called a gibbous, waxing before and waning after full moon. Other items of interest Because the Moon is so bright, it is especially interesting to see objects "superimposed" on it. One particular point of interest is an ISS (International Space Station) transit. <P> is less surface detail visible during a ... | question: How dark/bright is our full moon compared to other moons in the solar system? context: <P> dark, is called a gibbous, waxing before and waning after full moon. Other items of interest Because the Moon is so bright, it is especially interesting to see objects "superimposed" on it. One particular point of inter... | answer: Compared to other moons in our solar system, our Luna is much larger than average. [Here](_URL_0_) is a pretty good reference for moon data. Using size as the metric, Titan would be the brightest if it were transplanted to Earth orbit. As to reflectivity of each moon, that could change the results of your query... |
89,750 | 1c9xg5 | Why do fish have pin bones? | Fish don't absolutely need bone for support, as the fact that the largest fish are cartilaginous attests to. But bone serves a vital function beyond just providing support; it also stores a lot of ions, particularly calcium. And muscles need calcium to work. Having the pinbones run through the muscle both provides a... | [
"Fish don't absolutely need bone for support, as the fact that the largest fish are cartilaginous attests to. But bone serves a vital function beyond just providing support; it also stores a lot of ions, particularly calcium. And muscles need calcium to work. Having the pinbones run through the muscle both provi... | 1 | [
"Fish don't absolutely need bone for support, as the fact that the largest fish are cartilaginous attests to. But bone serves a vital function beyond just providing support; it also stores a lot of ions, particularly calcium. And muscles need calcium to work. Having the pinbones run through the muscle both provi... | 1 | <P> the fins. A distinguishing characteristic is that the third pair of upper pharyngeal bones are anklylosed (fused) into a plate. Halfbeaks are one of several fish families that lack a stomach, all of which possess a pharyngeal jaw apparatus (pharyngeal mill). Most species have an extended lower jaw, at least as juve... | question: Why do fish have pin bones? context: <P> the fins. A distinguishing characteristic is that the third pair of upper pharyngeal bones are anklylosed (fused) into a plate. Halfbeaks are one of several fish families that lack a stomach, all of which possess a pharyngeal jaw apparatus (pharyngeal mill). Most speci... | answer: Fish don't absolutely need bone for support, as the fact that the largest fish are cartilaginous attests to. But bone serves a vital function beyond just providing support; it also stores a lot of ions, particularly calcium. And muscles need calcium to work. Having the pinbones run through the muscle both pr... |
38,418 | 640hsq | how come my phone can act as a hotspot for mobile internet but not wifi | Effectively, what you're talking about there is using your phone as a type of router - which is pretty much what it does when it's in use as a hotspot.A router transfers traffic between two or more network interfaces - in the case of your phone as a hotspot, it uses the mobile interface (i.e. the one that connects to t... | [
"Effectively, what you're talking about there is using your phone as a type of router - which is pretty much what it does when it's in use as a hotspot.\n\nA router transfers traffic between two or more network interfaces - in the case of your phone as a hotspot, it uses the mobile interface (i.e. the one that conn... | 1 | [
"Effectively, what you're talking about there is using your phone as a type of router - which is pretty much what it does when it's in use as a hotspot.\n\nA router transfers traffic between two or more network interfaces - in the case of your phone as a hotspot, it uses the mobile interface (i.e. the one that conn... | 1 | <P> mobile phones so that a phone may be used as a modem, fax or network port. The data interfaces are generally used to perform bulk data transfer. <P> on cell phones. <P> the device with the AVRCP profile. The DUN profile which permits access to the Internet from a laptop by dialing up on a mobile phone wirelessly (... | question: how come my phone can act as a hotspot for mobile internet but not wifi context: <P> mobile phones so that a phone may be used as a modem, fax or network port. The data interfaces are generally used to perform bulk data transfer. <P> on cell phones. <P> the device with the AVRCP profile. The DUN profile whic... | answer: Effectively, what you're talking about there is using your phone as a type of router - which is pretty much what it does when it's in use as a hotspot.A router transfers traffic between two or more network interfaces - in the case of your phone as a hotspot, it uses the mobile interface (i.e. the one that conne... |
154,157 | 9mhv6d | how did bansky's painting self destruct at its auction? | He build a shredder into the frame that had a remote control. He then watched for if it ever came up in auction and when he saw that it was he (or someone he sent with the control) went and waited for it to be sold and upon the final bid being confirmed hit the button. | [
"He build a shredder into the frame that had a remote control. He then watched for if it ever came up in auction and when he saw that it was he (or someone he sent with the control) went and waited for it to be sold and upon the final bid being confirmed hit the button. ",
"Was listening to this on the radio this... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> Piegans sold in 2005 for $5.6 million, more than double the highest price his work had sold for a few years earlier. At auction in 2008, Russell's oil painting The Hold Up (20 Miles to Deadwood) sold for $5.2 million, and his bronze sculpture Buffalo Hunt (which depicted two Native Americans attacking a running bis... | question: how did bansky's painting self destruct at its auction? context: <P> Piegans sold in 2005 for $5.6 million, more than double the highest price his work had sold for a few years earlier. At auction in 2008, Russell's oil painting The Hold Up (20 Miles to Deadwood) sold for $5.2 million, and his bronze sculptur... | answer: He build a shredder into the frame that had a remote control. He then watched for if it ever came up in auction and when he saw that it was he (or someone he sent with the control) went and waited for it to be sold and upon the final bid being confirmed hit the button. |
158,049 | 3h016w | What sort of background (financially, ethnically and religiously) did the first generation of Mormons come from? Why did they they want to take Smith seriously? | So one thing to keep in mind is that during the development and rise of Mormonism were two other trends in American life - the Second Great Awakening and utopianism. The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement, as preachers (usually Protestant, mostly Methodist or Baptist) would rile up their congregations thro... | [
"So one thing to keep in mind is that during the development and rise of Mormonism were two other trends in American life - the Second Great Awakening and utopianism. \n\nThe Second Great Awakening was a religious movement, as preachers (usually Protestant, mostly Methodist or Baptist) would rile up their congregat... | 1 | [
"So one thing to keep in mind is that during the development and rise of Mormonism were two other trends in American life - the Second Great Awakening and utopianism. \n\nThe Second Great Awakening was a religious movement, as preachers (usually Protestant, mostly Methodist or Baptist) would rile up their congregat... | 1 | <P> was ordained a seventy in his local church branch and taught school to support his family. The LDS Church sent him on a mission to Iowa and Nebraska, "but because the cold weather was hard on his health, he was transferred to Tennessee in December of 1880." There he rose to prominence as the president of the Tennes... | question: What sort of background (financially, ethnically and religiously) did the first generation of Mormons come from? Why did they they want to take Smith seriously? context: <P> was ordained a seventy in his local church branch and taught school to support his family. The LDS Church sent him on a mission to Iowa ... | answer: So one thing to keep in mind is that during the development and rise of Mormonism were two other trends in American life - the Second Great Awakening and utopianism. The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement, as preachers (usually Protestant, mostly Methodist or Baptist) would rile up their congregati... |
133,413 | 1wa03c | the sentence structure "i am become death, destroyer of worlds" when robert oppenheimer said it. | Today, the past tense (technically, the present perfect) would be formed with "to have" for pretty much all verbs: "I have become death". It used to be correct (and is now an archaic usage) that certain verbs could take "to be" in forming the past tense. "I am become" and "I have become" mean the same thing, but the f... | [
"Today, the past tense (technically, the present perfect) would be formed with \"to have\" for pretty much all verbs: \"I have become death\". It used to be correct (and is now an archaic usage) that certain verbs could take \"to be\" in forming the past tense. \"I am become\" and \"I have become\" mean the same t... | 1 | [
"Today, the past tense (technically, the present perfect) would be formed with \"to have\" for pretty much all verbs: \"I have become death\". It used to be correct (and is now an archaic usage) that certain verbs could take \"to be\" in forming the past tense. \"I am become\" and \"I have become\" mean the same t... | 1 | <P> cite the usage of the phrase as "the usual words had been said".
In the 18th century, the common wording of the phrase in England was "the law is that thou shalt return to the place whence thou camest and from thence to a place of execution where thou shalt hang by the neck till the body be dead. Dead. Dead. And t... | question: the sentence structure "i am become death, destroyer of worlds" when robert oppenheimer said it. context: <P> cite the usage of the phrase as "the usual words had been said".
In the 18th century, the common wording of the phrase in England was "the law is that thou shalt return to the place whence thou cames... | answer: Today, the past tense (technically, the present perfect) would be formed with "to have" for pretty much all verbs: "I have become death". It used to be correct (and is now an archaic usage) that certain verbs could take "to be" in forming the past tense. "I am become" and "I have become" mean the same thing, b... |
121,358 | yjpwi | why facebook's stock is going down the drain. | So this is a post I used the other day... > Facebook stocks are plummeting because Facebook is failing to live up to expectations. > Their IPO (Initial Public Offering) was greatly hyped up because Facebook is a uniquely situated platform which doesn't really have a lot of legitimate competition. The competition it do... | [
"So this is a post I used the other day...\n\n > Facebook stocks are plummeting because Facebook is failing to live up to expectations.\n\n > Their IPO (Initial Public Offering) was greatly hyped up because Facebook is a uniquely situated platform which doesn't really have a lot of legitimate competition. The comp... | 2 | [
"So this is a post I used the other day...\n\n > Facebook stocks are plummeting because Facebook is failing to live up to expectations.\n\n > Their IPO (Initial Public Offering) was greatly hyped up because Facebook is a uniquely situated platform which doesn't really have a lot of legitimate competition. The comp... | 2 | <P> was growing 50-100 percent a month. By that time, the founders had quit their full-time jobs to work on 8coupons.com, which charges a monthly fee of $265 to merchants who use the service to promote special offers.
By January 2009, 8coupons.com’s traffic was growing 25 percent a week and as of late 2009, the company... | question: why facebook's stock is going down the drain. context: <P> was growing 50-100 percent a month. By that time, the founders had quit their full-time jobs to work on 8coupons.com, which charges a monthly fee of $265 to merchants who use the service to promote special offers.
By January 2009, 8coupons.com’s traff... | answer: So this is a post I used the other day... > Facebook stocks are plummeting because Facebook is failing to live up to expectations. > Their IPO (Initial Public Offering) was greatly hyped up because Facebook is a uniquely situated platform which doesn't really have a lot of legitimate competition. The competiti... |
160,310 | 1y1gxz | why does comment graveyard happen on reddit? | Either the mods remove a string of comments or they are so downvoted everyone removes them their self. | [
"Either the mods remove a string of comments or they are so downvoted everyone removes them their self. ",
"In subreddits like /r/science it happens because it could be a joke thread and those are banned there."
] | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> to continue to comment (and often even add links to their comments, as that is considered by some to be a valuable aspect of any comments section when the links are relevant or related to the article or content) whilst preventing all link spam or irrelevant comments from ever being viewable to the site's owner and ... | question: why does comment graveyard happen on reddit? context: <P> to continue to comment (and often even add links to their comments, as that is considered by some to be a valuable aspect of any comments section when the links are relevant or related to the article or content) whilst preventing all link spam or irrel... | answer: Either the mods remove a string of comments or they are so downvoted everyone removes them their self. |
203,116 | 2p4vxq | How historically accurate is the new Marco Polo series by Netflix? | I am actually currently watching the second episode as I type this. And this fall I read Marco Polo's *The Travels* as part of a graduate level class on world trade. I can only comment on what I have noticed about how closely the episodes so far have stuck to Polo's report of his travels. The show is first and forem... | [
"I am actually currently watching the second episode as I type this. And this fall I read Marco Polo's *The Travels* as part of a graduate level class on world trade. I can only comment on what I have noticed about how closely the episodes so far have stuck to Polo's report of his travels. The show is first and ... | 8 | [
"I am actually currently watching the second episode as I type this. And this fall I read Marco Polo's *The Travels* as part of a graduate level class on world trade. I can only comment on what I have noticed about how closely the episodes so far have stuck to Polo's report of his travels. The show is first and ... | 8 | <P> possibly conclusive. Towards this end, he has requested additional support from the ICP or the Official Historian of Puerto Rico. Independent authentication In Summer 2019, the results of two independent examinations of the pieces were published. The first, carried by Rollston, concludes that the glyphs in the piec... | question: How historically accurate is the new Marco Polo series by Netflix? context: <P> possibly conclusive. Towards this end, he has requested additional support from the ICP or the Official Historian of Puerto Rico. Independent authentication In Summer 2019, the results of two independent examinations of the pieces... | answer: I am actually currently watching the second episode as I type this. And this fall I read Marco Polo's *The Travels* as part of a graduate level class on world trade. I can only comment on what I have noticed about how closely the episodes so far have stuck to Polo's report of his travels. The show is first a... |
130,965 | 1vcnui | Alcohol on muslim ships | I am not an expert on this but I did recently do a bit of reading on the Ottoman navy and in a book I was reading they discussed the importance of the availability of drinking water. The main subject was arranging fresh water for the city of Alexandria but one line does stand out as relevant"sufficient supplies of drin... | [
"I am not an expert on this but I did recently do a bit of reading on the Ottoman navy and in a book I was reading they discussed the importance of the availability of drinking water. The main subject was arranging fresh water for the city of Alexandria but one line does stand out as relevant\n\n\n\"sufficient supp... | 1 | [
"I am not an expert on this but I did recently do a bit of reading on the Ottoman navy and in a book I was reading they discussed the importance of the availability of drinking water. The main subject was arranging fresh water for the city of Alexandria but one line does stand out as relevant\n\n\n\"sufficient supp... | 1 | <P> barred Muslims from drinking alcohol in addition to prohibiting export of alcohol. <P> alighted in safety. By chance, the vessel, after having drifted for several days, sought haven in the then well known port of Kulasekharapatnam.
Valliamman cave is located nearby. Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross The fes... | question: Alcohol on muslim ships context: <P> barred Muslims from drinking alcohol in addition to prohibiting export of alcohol. <P> alighted in safety. By chance, the vessel, after having drifted for several days, sought haven in the then well known port of Kulasekharapatnam.
Valliamman cave is located nearby. Feast ... | answer: I am not an expert on this but I did recently do a bit of reading on the Ottoman navy and in a book I was reading they discussed the importance of the availability of drinking water. The main subject was arranging fresh water for the city of Alexandria but one line does stand out as relevant"sufficient supplies... |
105,916 | 5e4jvj | What was the conversation about refugees in Europe like during the Balkan wars? | You might want to clarify what you mean by *Balkan Wars*. That term, generally, denotes the Balkan Wars that preceded the First World War, but based on your comment about Muslims and Bosnia, I'd assume you mean the wars surrounding the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Can you clarify? | [
"You might want to clarify what you mean by *Balkan Wars*. That term, generally, denotes the Balkan Wars that preceded the First World War, but based on your comment about Muslims and Bosnia, I'd assume you mean the wars surrounding the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Can you clarify?"
] | 1 | [
"You might want to clarify what you mean by *Balkan Wars*. That term, generally, denotes the Balkan Wars that preceded the First World War, but based on your comment about Muslims and Bosnia, I'd assume you mean the wars surrounding the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Can you clarify?"
] | 1 | <P> a situation "worse than refugees", since they had no possibilities for work and social protection. <P> could cause difficulties or that people in Romania get stuck in the ice for each case. [...] Even a return to Yugoslavia, after the people had already been on a foreign object, I could not prevail. Escape A few we... | question: What was the conversation about refugees in Europe like during the Balkan wars? context: <P> a situation "worse than refugees", since they had no possibilities for work and social protection. <P> could cause difficulties or that people in Romania get stuck in the ice for each case. [...] Even a return to Yugo... | answer: You might want to clarify what you mean by *Balkan Wars*. That term, generally, denotes the Balkan Wars that preceded the First World War, but based on your comment about Muslims and Bosnia, I'd assume you mean the wars surrounding the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Can you clarify? |
6,955 | 3jacmg | what is the difference between "all of our servers are busy" and "we took too long to make this page" error pages on reddit? | From our standpoint as users, nothing at all. From Reddit's standpoint, one of them means the backend computers told them "sorry too busy" and the other means that the backend didn't respond at all. | [
"From our standpoint as users, nothing at all. From Reddit's standpoint, one of them means the backend computers told them \"sorry too busy\" and the other means that the backend didn't respond at all."
] | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> tools to monitor the routing posture of networks. Incorrect routing or routing issues cause undesirable performance degradation or downtime. Various types of protocols Site monitoring services can check HTTP pages, HTTPS, SNMP, FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, DNS, SSH, TELNET, SSL, TCP, ICMP, SIP, UDP, Media Streaming and a... | question: what is the difference between "all of our servers are busy" and "we took too long to make this page" error pages on reddit? context: <P> tools to monitor the routing posture of networks. Incorrect routing or routing issues cause undesirable performance degradation or downtime. Various types of protocols Site... | answer: From our standpoint as users, nothing at all. From Reddit's standpoint, one of them means the backend computers told them "sorry too busy" and the other means that the backend didn't respond at all. |
39,672 | jjwtv | why a serbian secret society wanted to kill franz ferdinand. | It wasn't so much that the Serbian government *itself* signed off on it. The Black Hand, from what I understand, was loosely controlled by the Serbian military, similar to how the Pakistani ISI is the major national intelligence agency but is much more autonomous than the Pakistani or American government would like (a... | [
"It wasn't so much that the Serbian government *itself* signed off on it. The Black Hand, from what I understand, was loosely controlled by the Serbian military, similar to how the Pakistani ISI is the major national intelligence agency but is much more autonomous than the Pakistani or American government would li... | 2 | [
"It wasn't so much that the Serbian government *itself* signed off on it. The Black Hand, from what I understand, was loosely controlled by the Serbian military, similar to how the Pakistani ISI is the major national intelligence agency but is much more autonomous than the Pakistani or American government would li... | 2 | <P> and Greeks. He later developed a plan to kidnap the son of Ivan Evstratiev Geshov, which also failed. Sandanski then offered to kidnap Ferdinand of Bulgaria during his visit to the Rila Monastery, but this radical plan was opposed by Delchev, who believed that the abduction must be done on Ottoman territory. Cherno... | question: why a serbian secret society wanted to kill franz ferdinand. context: <P> and Greeks. He later developed a plan to kidnap the son of Ivan Evstratiev Geshov, which also failed. Sandanski then offered to kidnap Ferdinand of Bulgaria during his visit to the Rila Monastery, but this radical plan was opposed by De... | answer: It wasn't so much that the Serbian government *itself* signed off on it. The Black Hand, from what I understand, was loosely controlled by the Serbian military, similar to how the Pakistani ISI is the major national intelligence agency but is much more autonomous than the Pakistani or American government would... |
67,842 | jfous | Is there a recorded death related to a voluntary sleep deprivation? Also how long can one theoretically stay up for? | Look up fatal familial insomnia. That might give you some of the information you are looking for... | [
"Look up fatal familial insomnia. That might give you some of the information you are looking for...",
"Look up fatal familial insomnia. That might give you some of the information you are looking for..."
] | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> below for comparison. Gardner's case still stands out, however, because it is so extensively documented. It is difficult to determine the accuracy of a sleep deprivation period unless the participant is carefully observed to detect short microsleeps, which the participant might not even notice. Also, records for... | question: Is there a recorded death related to a voluntary sleep deprivation? Also how long can one theoretically stay up for? context: <P> below for comparison. Gardner's case still stands out, however, because it is so extensively documented. It is difficult to determine the accuracy of a sleep deprivation period... | answer: Look up fatal familial insomnia. That might give you some of the information you are looking for... |
62,451 | o9c8p | are humans the only animals that consists of vegetarians/herbivores within an omnivorous species? | Pandas are either carnivores or omnivores technically (I can't remember which), they eat bamboo more or less out of laziness.When really hungry and in the absence of bamboo they may get motivated enough to hunt again. One of our rescue pandas was found half starved and just about managing to eat by killing and eating ... | [
"Pandas are either carnivores or omnivores technically (I can't remember which), they eat bamboo more or less out of laziness.\n\nWhen really hungry and in the absence of bamboo they may get motivated enough to hunt again. One of our rescue pandas was found half starved and just about managing to eat by killing an... | 5 | [
"Pandas are either carnivores or omnivores technically (I can't remember which), they eat bamboo more or less out of laziness.\n\nWhen really hungry and in the absence of bamboo they may get motivated enough to hunt again. One of our rescue pandas was found half starved and just about managing to eat by killing an... | 4 | <P> vegetarian. <P> common diet globally, with non-meat diets (which can include fish) followed by over a tenth of the global population.” Approximately 87% of people include meat in their diet in some frequency. 73% of meat eaters included it in their diet regularly and 14% consumed meat only occasionally or infrequen... | question: are humans the only animals that consists of vegetarians/herbivores within an omnivorous species? context: <P> vegetarian. <P> common diet globally, with non-meat diets (which can include fish) followed by over a tenth of the global population.” Approximately 87% of people include meat in their diet in some f... | answer: Pandas are either carnivores or omnivores technically (I can't remember which), they eat bamboo more or less out of laziness.When really hungry and in the absence of bamboo they may get motivated enough to hunt again. One of our rescue pandas was found half starved and just about managing to eat by killing and... |
23,041 | ouqrd | how did neanderthals communicate? | The truth is, we simply Don't Know. From bones (Hyoid and other throat structures, as well as facial features) we can tell that Neanderthal was capable of some forms of verbal communications, allow how that figured into their culture and language or lack thereof is still unknown to us. Realistically, we CAN'T and WON'T... | [
"yes. \n\n_URL_1_\n\nThey communicated babies into us, that's for sure.\n\n_URL_0_\n\n",
"The truth is, we simply Don't Know. From bones (Hyoid and other throat structures, as well as facial features) we can tell that Neanderthal was capable of some forms of verbal communications, allow how that figured into thei... | 5 | [
"yes. \n\n_URL_1_\n\nThey communicated babies into us, that's for sure.\n\n_URL_0_\n\n",
"The truth is, we simply Don't Know. From bones (Hyoid and other throat structures, as well as facial features) we can tell that Neanderthal was capable of some forms of verbal communications, allow how that figured into thei... | 3 | <P> species of predator and provides descriptive information about the size, shape, and color of the individual predator animal. His research in prairie dog communication has also shown displacement, the ability to communicate about things that are not present. This finding challenges prior theories on animal communica... | question: how did neanderthals communicate? context: <P> species of predator and provides descriptive information about the size, shape, and color of the individual predator animal. His research in prairie dog communication has also shown displacement, the ability to communicate about things that are not present. This ... | answer: The truth is, we simply Don't Know. From bones (Hyoid and other throat structures, as well as facial features) we can tell that Neanderthal was capable of some forms of verbal communications, allow how that figured into their culture and language or lack thereof is still unknown to us. Realistically, we CAN'T a... |
145,788 | 1rswvg | since 68 million year old tissue of tyrannosaurus rex was found, is the dream of live dinosaurs a possibility again? | DNA has a half life of 521 years if I remember correctly, so no :c | [
"DNA has a half life of 521 years if I remember correctly, so no :c",
"Not with existing technology. After about 1.5 million years, DNA breaks down too much to be readable."
] | 2 | [
"DNA has a half life of 521 years if I remember correctly, so no :c",
"Not with existing technology. After about 1.5 million years, DNA breaks down too much to be readable."
] | 2 | <P> an additional $5 million was needed. Horner expected to have a living dinosaur within 10 years.
In 2015, an independent group of scientists reported that they had found a way to turn the beaks of chicken embryos back into dinosaur-like snouts, by reverse genetic engineering, and University of Chile geneticists have... | question: since 68 million year old tissue of tyrannosaurus rex was found, is the dream of live dinosaurs a possibility again? context: <P> an additional $5 million was needed. Horner expected to have a living dinosaur within 10 years.
In 2015, an independent group of scientists reported that they had found a way to tu... | answer: DNA has a half life of 521 years if I remember correctly, so no :c |
82,561 | b7jmri | what happens when you descend into a gas giant? | > is it possible to eventually reach a point where whatever you are displacing weighs more than you meaning you will float there and not fall any deeper?Yes. You could in concept make a balloon that would float in the atmosphere. The problem is extremely powerful winds would likely destroy it. As for ships most of th... | [
" > \tis it possible to eventually reach a point where whatever you are displacing weighs more than you meaning you will float there and not fall any deeper?\n\nYes. You could in concept make a balloon that would float in the atmosphere. The problem is extremely powerful winds would likely destroy it. As for ships ... | 1 | [] | 0 | <P> shoulders, ankles and the jaw. Causes The main risk factors are bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism, and the use of high dose steroids. Other risk factors include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and organ transplantation. Osteonecrosis is also associated with cancer, lupus, sickle cell disease, HIV infe... | question: what happens when you descend into a gas giant? context: <P> shoulders, ankles and the jaw. Causes The main risk factors are bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism, and the use of high dose steroids. Other risk factors include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and organ transplantation. Osteonecrosis i... | answer: > is it possible to eventually reach a point where whatever you are displacing weighs more than you meaning you will float there and not fall any deeper?Yes. You could in concept make a balloon that would float in the atmosphere. The problem is extremely powerful winds would likely destroy it. As for ships mo... |
200,429 | 474h2b | What happened to the japanese troops stationed in south east asia after the US marines defeated them? Was there any account of the experiences from their point of view? | I would direct you to[ Japan at War: An Oral History](_URL_0_) for accounts, though I don't want to give you wrong answers for the first question as I'm not sure.I've only, admittedly, read two sections for class, but there is one in particular that actually kinda relates to your question. "The 'Green Desert' of New Gu... | [
"I would direct you to[ Japan at War: An Oral History](_URL_0_) for accounts, though I don't want to give you wrong answers for the first question as I'm not sure.\n\nI've only, admittedly, read two sections for class, but there is one in particular that actually kinda relates to your question. \"The 'Green Desert'... | 1 | [
"I would direct you to[ Japan at War: An Oral History](_URL_0_) for accounts, though I don't want to give you wrong answers for the first question as I'm not sure.\n\nI've only, admittedly, read two sections for class, but there is one in particular that actually kinda relates to your question. \"The 'Green Desert'... | 1 | <P> Iwo Jima's evacuation and surgical teams kept the American casualties down to a very low percentage. During transit back to Subic Bay, she learned the Frank Knox had been refloated, good news for the crew who had put in so many hard and long hours at Pratas Reef. She landed her Marine Special Landing Force at Chu L... | question: What happened to the japanese troops stationed in south east asia after the US marines defeated them? Was there any account of the experiences from their point of view? context: <P> Iwo Jima's evacuation and surgical teams kept the American casualties down to a very low percentage. During transit back to Subi... | answer: I would direct you to[ Japan at War: An Oral History](_URL_0_) for accounts, though I don't want to give you wrong answers for the first question as I'm not sure.I've only, admittedly, read two sections for class, but there is one in particular that actually kinda relates to your question. "The 'Green Desert' o... |
60,326 | ecje1i | how can fiber be soluble and still be fiber? doesn't a fiber have to be a solid by definition? | Just clarifying. What meaning of fiber are we using?Are we talking about getting fiber in your diet? Those are carbohydrate based polysaccharides. Each "link" is water soluble, and there's no change to that when they're put in a "chain". From here, refer to the sugar argument.Are we talking about fiber as in fabric? Th... | [
"Just clarifying. What meaning of fiber are we using?\n\nAre we talking about getting fiber in your diet? Those are carbohydrate based polysaccharides. Each \"link\" is water soluble, and there's no change to that when they're put in a \"chain\". From here, refer to the sugar argument.\n\nAre we talking about fiber... | 2 | [] | 0 | <P> fibres will be of great length, often kilometres long.
Artificial fibres can be processed as long fibres or batched and cut so they can be processed like a natural fibre. Natural fibres Natural fibres are either from animals (sheep, goat, rabbit, silk-worm) mineral (asbestos) or from plants (cotton, flax, sisal). T... | question: how can fiber be soluble and still be fiber? doesn't a fiber have to be a solid by definition? context: <P> fibres will be of great length, often kilometres long.
Artificial fibres can be processed as long fibres or batched and cut so they can be processed like a natural fibre. Natural fibres Natural fibres a... | answer: Just clarifying. What meaning of fiber are we using?Are we talking about getting fiber in your diet? Those are carbohydrate based polysaccharides. Each "link" is water soluble, and there's no change to that when they're put in a "chain". From here, refer to the sugar argument.Are we talking about fiber as in fa... |
127,227 | 8w2dr5 | how did the thai soccer team get trapped in a cave? | Ya they walked in, then the cave flooded due to monsoon rains. Way out became blocked by water. | [
"Monsoon season, heavy rainfall. Large portions of the cave are flooded to the point where you can't see and can't swim because there is too much water. Think of a big underground lake with almost no surface. ",
"Ya they walked in, then the cave flooded due to monsoon rains. Way out became blocked by water."
] | 2 | [
"Ya they walked in, then the cave flooded due to monsoon rains. Way out became blocked by water."
] | 1 | <P> range which included the entrance to the main cave was declared the Tham Luang–Khun Nam Nang Non Forest Park. 2018 rescue operation On 23 June 2018, a group of twelve boys aged between 11 and 16, who went to explore Tham Luang Nang Non with their assistant football coach, aged 25, went missing. The group was found ... | question: how did the thai soccer team get trapped in a cave? context: <P> range which included the entrance to the main cave was declared the Tham Luang–Khun Nam Nang Non Forest Park. 2018 rescue operation On 23 June 2018, a group of twelve boys aged between 11 and 16, who went to explore Tham Luang Nang Non with thei... | answer: Ya they walked in, then the cave flooded due to monsoon rains. Way out became blocked by water. |
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