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The motion of an object moving in a curved path is called curvilinear motion. Example: A stone thrown into the air at an angle. Curvilinear motion describes the motion of a moving particle that conforms to a known or fixed curve. The study of such motion involves the use of two co-ordinate systems, the first being planar motion and the latter being cylindrical motion. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The orbital plane is inclined by 8.7° to the plane of the ecliptic. This body has a rotation period of 28.523±0.001 h during which it varies in brightness with an amplitude of 0.14±0.01 magnitude. It has a cross-section diameter of ~100 km. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The numbers of AD/CE years are not changed and are written with either no sign or a positive sign; thus in general n AD/CE is simply n or +n. For normal calculation a number zero is often needed, here most notably when calculating the number of years in a period that spans the epoch; the end years need only be subtracted from each other. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Detachable chairlifts move far faster than their fixed-grip brethren, averaging 1,000 feet per minute (11.3 mph, 18 km/h, 5.08 m/s) versus a typical fixed-grip speed of 500 ft/min (5.6 mph, 9 km/h, 2.54 m/s). Because the cable moves faster than most passengers could safely disembark and load, each chair is connected to the cable by a powerful spring-loaded cable grip which detaches at terminals, allowing the chair to slow considerably for convenient loading and unloading at a typical speed of 200 ft/min (2 mph, 4 km/h, 1 m/s), a speed slower even than fixed-grip bunny chairlifts.Another advantage of detaching chairs is the ability to remove chairs during severe weather in order to reduce stress on the rope and towers. Furthermore, operating the unladen rope during extreme weather is effective at preventing—or greatly reducing—ice and snow accumulation on the sheaves and rope. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Iron(II) acetate is a coordination complex with formula Fe(CH3COO)2. It is a white solid, although impure samples can be slightly colored. A light green tetrahydrate is also known, which is highly soluble in water. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The word ferrous is derived from the Latin word ferrum for iron. Iron(II) atoms may also occur as coordination complexes, such as the polymer iron(II) oxalate dihydrate, n or 2n; and organometallic compounds, such as the neutral molecule ferrocene, Fe(C2H5)2 or 2. Iron is almost always encountered in the oxidation states 0 (as in the metal), +2, or +3. Solid iron(II) salts are relatively stable in air, but in the presence of air and water they tend to oxidize to iron(III) salts that include hydroxide (HO−) or oxide (O2−) anions. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Hypoiodous acid is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula HIO. It forms when an aqueous solution of iodine is treated with mercuric or silver salts. It rapidly decomposes by disproportionation: 5 HIO → HIO3 + 2 I2 + 2 H2OHypoiodites of alkali and alkaline earth metals can be made in cold dilute solutions if iodine is added to their respective hydroxides. Hypoiodous acid is a weak acid with a pKa of about 11. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Only the surface of the small 1-K pot is pumped, leaving the rest of the liquid helium bath at atmospheric pressure. While this method is commonly used in simple cryogenic systems to cool objects down to 1 K, it is also fairly popular in more complicated cryogenic systems to bootstrap to lower temperatures. For example, in a 3He refrigerator, condensed 3He (a rare isotope of helium) is evaporatively cooled and can attain temperatures as low as 200 mK. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The van 't Hoff factor i (named after Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff) is a measure of the effect of a solute on colligative properties such as osmotic pressure, relative lowering in vapor pressure, boiling-point elevation and freezing-point depression. The van 't Hoff factor is the ratio between the actual concentration of particles produced when the substance is dissolved and the concentration of a substance as calculated from its mass. For most non-electrolytes dissolved in water, the van 't Hoff factor is essentially 1. For most ionic compounds dissolved in water, the van 't Hoff factor is equal to the number of discrete ions in a formula unit of the substance. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
When the experimental rate equation has been determined, it is often of use for deduction of the reaction mechanism. The rate equation of a reaction with an assumed multi-step mechanism can often be derived theoretically using quasi-steady state assumptions from the underlying elementary reactions, and compared with the experimental rate equation as a test of the assumed mechanism. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The first inversion of a chord is the voicing of a triad, seventh chord, or ninth chord in which the third of the chord is the bass note and the root a sixth above it. In the first inversion of a C-major triad, the bass is E — the third of the triad — with the fifth and the root stacked above it (the root now shifted an octave higher), forming the intervals of a minor third and a minor sixth above the inverted bass of E, respectively. In the first inversion of G-dominant seventh chord, the bass note is B, the third of the seventh chord. In figured bass, a first-inversion triad is a 6 chord (not to be confused with an added sixth chord), while a first-inversion seventh chord is a 65 chord. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In music theory, a major chord is a chord that has a root, a major third, and a perfect fifth. When a chord comprises only these three notes, it is called a major triad. For example, the major triad built on C, called a C major triad, has pitches C–E–G: In harmonic analysis and on lead sheets, a C major chord can be notated as C, CM, CΔ, or Cmaj. A major triad is represented by the integer notation {0, 4, 7}. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
These ratios can be between individual cations, such as the calcium to magnesium ratio, or they may be expressed as a percentage saturation of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil. Most 'ideal soil' theories stress both approaches. (See also – Cation exchange capacity) Strictly speaking, the 'base' cations are limited to calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium, and these are the primary nutrients that BCSR methods are most concerned with balancing. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The production process involves the evaporation of 60% of the water from the milk, followed by homogenization, canning, and heat-sterilization.Evaporated milk takes up half the space of its nutritional equivalent in fresh milk. When the liquid product is mixed with a proportionate amount of water (150%), evaporated milk becomes the rough equivalent of fresh milk. This makes evaporated milk attractive for some purposes as it can have a shelf life of months or even years, depending upon the fat and sugar content. This made evaporated milk very popular before refrigeration as a safe and reliable substitute for perishable fresh milk, as it could be shipped easily to locations lacking the means of safe milk production or storage. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The other two stages of milk production are stage I lactogenesis and stage III lactogenesis. Stage I lactogenesis refers to the initiation of the mammary glands' synthetic capacity, indicated by the onset of colostrum production that takes place during pregnancy. Stage III lactogenesis refers to the continuous supply of mature milk from day nine postpartum, until weaning.Late-onset of lactogenesis II can be provoked by a variety of pathophysiological, psychological, external and mixed causes. The delay of the process is associated with a range of complications such as excessive neonatal weight loss and early cessation of breastfeeding, which can lead to undesirable outcomes for the infant and the mother. These problems can be addressed by different interventions targeting the underlying cause of the delay. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Firefighting foam is a foam used for fire suppression. Its role is to cool the fire and to coat the fuel, preventing its contact with oxygen, thus achieving suppression of the combustion. Firefighting foam was invented by the Russian engineer and chemist Aleksandr Loran in 1902.The surfactants used must produce foam in concentrations of less than 1%. Other components of fire-retardant foams are organic solvents (e.g., trimethyl-trimethylene glycol and hexylene glycol), foam stabilizers (e.g., lauryl alcohol), and corrosion inhibitors. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A fire extinguisher is a handheld active fire protection device usually filled with a dry or wet chemical used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergencies. It is not intended for use on an out-of-control fire, such as one which has reached the ceiling, endangers the user (i.e., no escape route, smoke, explosion hazard, etc.), or otherwise requires the equipment, personnel, resources or expertise of a fire brigade. Typically, a fire extinguisher consists of a hand-held cylindrical pressure vessel containing an agent that can be discharged to extinguish a fire. Fire extinguishers manufactured with non-cylindrical pressure vessels also exist but are less common. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Using graphic art software may be more efficient than rendering using traditional media by requiring less hand–eye coordination, requiring less mental imaging skill, and utilizing the computer's quicker (sometimes more accurate) automated rendering functions to create images. However, advanced level computer styles, effects and editing methods may require a steeper learning curve of computer technical skills than what was required to learn traditional hand rendering and mental imaging skills. The potential of the software to enhance or hinder creativity may depend on the intuitiveness of the interface. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Graph drawing is an area of mathematics and computer science combining methods from geometric graph theory and information visualization to derive two-dimensional depictions of graphs arising from applications such as social network analysis, cartography, linguistics, and bioinformatics.A drawing of a graph or network diagram is a pictorial representation of the vertices and edges of a graph. This drawing should not be confused with the graph itself: very different layouts can correspond to the same graph. In the abstract, all that matters is which pairs of vertices are connected by edges. In the concrete, however, the arrangement of these vertices and edges within a drawing affects its understandability, usability, fabrication cost, and aesthetics. The problem gets worse if the graph changes over time by adding and deleting edges (dynamic graph drawing) and the goal is to preserve the user's mental map. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Room air distribution is characterizing how air is introduced to, flows through, and is removed from spaces. HVAC airflow in spaces generally can be classified by two different types: mixing (or dilution) and displacement. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Ratios have an inverse relationship to string length, for example stopping a string at two-thirds (2:3) its length produces a pitch one and one-half (3:2) that of the open string (not to be confused with inversion). Intervals may be ranked by relative consonance and dissonance. As such ratios with lower integers are generally more consonant than intervals with higher integers. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
An incomposite interval (Ancient Greek: διάστημα ἀσύνθετον; German: ungeteilte Intervall, einfache Intervall) is a concept in the Ancient Greek theory of music concerning melodic musical intervals (Ancient Greek: διαστημάτων) between neighbouring notes in a tetrachord or scale which, for that reason, do not encompass smaller intervals. (Ancient Greek: ἀσύνθετος means "uncompounded".) Aristoxenus (fl. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The Antiproton Decelerator (AD) is a storage ring at the CERN laboratory near Geneva. It was built from the Antiproton Collector (AC) to be a successor to the Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) and started operation in the year 2000. Antiprotons are created by impinging a proton beam from the Proton Synchrotron on a metal target. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Constant envelope is achieved when a sinusoidal waveform reaches equilibrium in a specific system. This happens when negative feedback in a control system, such as in radio automatic gain control or when an amplifier reaches steady state. Steady state, as defined in electrical engineering, occurs after a system becomes settled. To be more specific, control systems are unstable until they reach a steady state. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Examples of devices used in sales promotion include coupons, samples, premiums, point-of-purchase (POP) displays, contests, rebates, and sweepstakes. Sales promotion is implemented to attract new customers, to hold present customers, to counteract competition, and to take advantage of opportunities that are revealed by market research. It is made up of activities, both outside and inside activities, to enhance company sales. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A cricket ball is a hard, solid ball used to play cricket. A cricket ball consists of a cork core wound with string then a leather cover stitched on, and manufacture is regulated by cricket law at first-class level. The trajectory of a cricket ball when bowled, through movement in the air, and off the ground, is influenced by the action of the bowler and the condition of the ball and the pitch, while working on the cricket ball to obtain optimal condition is a key role of the fielding side. The principal method through which the batsman scores runs is by hitting the ball, with the bat, into a position where it would be safe to take a run, or by directing the ball through or over the boundary. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
If a person is reflected in a plane mirror, the image of his right hand appears to be the left hand of the image. Plane mirrors are the only type of mirror for which a object produces an image that is virtual, erect and of the same size as the object in all cases irrespective of the shape, size and distance from mirror of the object however same is possible for other types of mirror (concave and convex) but only for a specific conditions . However the focal length of a plane mirror is infinity; its optical power is zero. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
One solution is to introduce a null corrector, as shown in the second figure. This consists of one or more lenses and/or mirrors introduced into the optical path that make the desired mirror look like a perfectly spherical mirror. Using this device, the measured contour map now shows the difference from the desired shape instead of the difference from a sphere. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The special case when the first vector is zero is interpreted as a pure translation in the direction of the second vector. A screw axis is associated with each pair of vectors in the algebra of screws, also known as screw theory.The spatial movement of a body can be represented by a continuous set of displacements. Because each of these displacements has a screw axis, the movement has an associated ruled surface known as a screw surface. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The gravitational force is attributed to the curvature of spacetime, described by Einstein's general theory of relativity. The other three are discrete quantum fields, and their interactions are mediated by elementary particles described by the Standard Model of particle physics.Within the Standard Model, the strong interaction is carried by a particle called the gluon and is responsible for quarks binding together to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons. As a residual effect, it creates the nuclear force that binds the latter particles to form atomic nuclei. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This distorts the image. Air has a very different index of refraction from glass, making for a larger bend compared to oil, which has an index more similar to glass. Specially manufactured oil can have nearly exactly the same refractive index as glass, making an oil immersed lens nearly as effective as having entirely glass to the sample (which would be impractical). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Lens shape generally depended on cuticle thickness. The lenses of trilobites with thin cuticles were thin and biconvex, whereas those with thick cuticles had thick lenses, which in extreme cases, could be thick columns with the outer surface flattened and the inner surface hemispherical. Regardless of lens thickness, however, the point at which light was focused was roughly the same distance below the lens. == References == | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
More generally, in n + 1 dimensions, the generators L and C will be related, respectively, to the total angular momentum and center-of-mass moment by W i j = M S i j {\displaystyle W_{ij}=MS_{ij}} L i j = S i j + X i P j − X j P i {\displaystyle L_{ij}=S_{ij}+X_{i}P_{j}-X_{j}P_{i}} C i = M X i − P i t . {\displaystyle C_{i}=MX_{i}-P_{i}t~.} | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Practical applications must use a model rather than measurements to calculate the change in gravitational potential versus depth in the earth, since the geoid is below most of the land surface (e.g., the Helmert orthometric heights of NAVD88).GPS measurements give earth-centered coordinates, usually displayed as ellipsoidal height above the reference ellipsoid. It can be related to orthometric height above the geoid by subtraction of the geoid height. The geoid determination requires accurate gravity data for that location; in the US, the NGS has undertaken the GRAV-D ten-year program to obtain such data with a goal of releasing a new geoid model as part of the Datum of 2022. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The Julian day is the continuous count of days since the beginning of the Julian period, and is used primarily by astronomers, and in software for easily calculating elapsed days between two events (e.g. food production date and sell by date).The Julian period is a chronological interval of 7980 years; year 1 of the Julian Period was 4713 BC (−4712). The Julian calendar year 2023 is year 6736 of the current Julian Period. The next Julian Period begins in the year AD 3268. Historians used the period to identify Julian calendar years within which an event occurred when no such year was given in the historical record, or when the year given by previous historians was incorrect.The Julian day number (JDN) is the integer assigned to a whole solar day in the Julian day count starting from noon Universal Time, with Julian day number 0 assigned to the day starting at noon on Monday, January 1, 4713 BC, proleptic Julian calendar (November 24, 4714 BC, in the proleptic Gregorian calendar), a date at which three multi-year cycles started (which are: Indiction, Solar, and Lunar cycles) and which preceded any dates in recorded history. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, an H-space is a homotopy-theoretic version of a generalization of the notion of topological group, in which the axioms on associativity and inverses are removed. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Let X be a nilpotent space and let h be a reduced generalized homology theory, such as K-theory. If h(X)=0, then h vanishes on any Postnikov section of X. This follows from a theorem that states that any such section is X-cellular. == References == | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
These editions also often feature interactive elements such as hyperlinks both within the publication itself and to other internet resources, search option and bookmarking, and can also incorporate multimedia such as video or animation to enhance articles themselves or for advertisement purposes. Some delivery methods also include animation and sound effects that replicate turning of the page to further enhance the experience of their print counterparts. Magazine publishers have traditionally relied on two revenue sources: selling ads and selling magazines. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Commercial art is the art of creative services, referring to art created for commercial purposes, primarily advertising. Commercial art uses a variety of platforms (magazines, websites, apps, television, etc.) for viewers with the intent of promoting the sale and interest of products, services, and ideas. It relies on the iconic image (pictorial representations that are recognized easily to members of a culture) to enhance recall and favorable recognition for a product or service. An example of a product could be a magazine ad promoting a new soda through complementary colors, a catchy message, and appealing illustrative features. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A parasitic plant is a plant that derives some or all of its nutritional requirements from another living plant. They make up about 1% of angiosperms and are found in almost every biome. All parasitic plants develop a specialized organ called the haustorium, which penetrates the host plant, connecting them to the host vasculature – either the xylem, phloem, or both. For example, plants like Striga or Rhinanthus connect only to the xylem, via xylem bridges (xylem-feeding). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Root-knot nematodes are plant-parasitic nematodes from the genus Meloidogyne. They exist in soil in areas with hot climates or short winters. About 2000 plants worldwide are susceptible to infection by root-knot nematodes and they cause approximately 5% of global crop loss. Root-knot nematode larvae infect plant roots, causing the development of root-knot galls that drain the plant's photosynthate and nutrients. Infection of young plants may be lethal, while infection of mature plants causes decreased yield. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Chinese temple architecture refer to a type of structures used as place of worship of Chinese Buddhism, Taoism or Chinese folk religion, where people revere ethnic Chinese gods and ancestors. They can be classified as: miào (廟) or diàn (殿), simply means "temple" and mostly enshrines gods of the Chinese pantheon, such as the Dragon King, Tudigong or Matsu; or mythical or historical figures, such as Guandi or Shennong. cí (祠), cítáng (祠堂), zōngcí (宗祠) or zǔmiào (祖廟), referring to ancestral temples, mostly enshrining the ancestral gods of a family or clan. Taoist temples and monasteries: 觀 guàn or 道觀 dàoguàn; and Chinese Buddhist temples and monasteries: 寺 sì or 寺院 sìyuàn Temple of Confucius which usually functions as both temple and town school: 文廟 wénmiào or 孔廟 kŏngmiào. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Other sources estimate the number to be around 1,000 species since 1945.Although the evolution of pesticide resistance is usually discussed as a result of pesticide use, it is important to keep in mind that pest populations can also adapt to non-chemical methods of control. For example, the northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi) became adapted to a corn-soybean crop rotation by spending the year when the field is planted with soybeans in a diapause.As of 2014, few new weed killers are near commercialization, and none with a novel, resistance-free mode of action. Similarly, as of January 2019 discovery of new insecticides is more expensive and difficult than ever. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The Mobile 3D Graphics API, commonly referred to as M3G, is a specification defining an API for writing Java programs that produce 3D computer graphics. It extends the capabilities of the Java ME, a version of the Java platform tailored for embedded devices such as mobile phones and PDAs. The object-oriented interface consists of 30 classes that can be used to draw complex animated three-dimensional scenes. M3G was developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 184. As of 2007, the current version of M3G is 1.1, but version 2.0 is in development as JSR 297. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Code page 951 is a code page number used for different purposes by IBM and Microsoft. IBM uses the code page number 951 for their double-byte PC Data KS code, the double byte component of their code page 949, an encoding for the Korean language. See Code page 949 (IBM).The code page number 951 was also used by Microsoft as part of a kludge for providing Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set (HKSCS-2001) support in Windows XP, in the file name of a replacement for code page 950 (Traditional Chinese) with Unicode mappings for some Extended User-defined Characters (EUDC) found in HKSCS. HKSCS characters without a Unicode mapping are assigned a Unicode Private Use Area (PUA) code point following previous practices. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In dogs, it is most commonly found in Great Danes, German Shepherd Dogs, Bull Terriers, Golden Retrievers, Newfoundlands, and Mastiffs. Tricuspid valve dysplasia is most common in the Old English Sheepdog, German Shepherd Dog, Weimaraner, Labrador Retriever, Great Pyrenees, and sometimes the Papillon. It is inherited in the Labrador Retriever.The disease and symptoms are similar to progression of acquired valve disease in older dogs. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The cause is unknown, but genetics play a large role. Dogs and cats with tricuspid valve dysplasia often also have an open foramen ovale, an atrial septal defect, or inflammation of the right atrial epicardium. In dogs, tricuspid valve dysplasia can be similar to Ebstein's anomaly in humans.Mitral valve stenosis is one of the most common congenital heart defects in cats. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, monstrous moonshine, or moonshine theory, is the unexpected connection between the monster group M and modular functions, in particular, the j function. The initial numerical observation was made by John McKay in 1978, and the phrase was coined by John Conway and Simon P. Norton in 1979.The monstrous moonshine is now known to be underlain by a vertex operator algebra called the moonshine module (or monster vertex algebra) constructed by Igor Frenkel, James Lepowsky, and Arne Meurman in 1988, which has the monster group as its group of symmetries. This vertex operator algebra is commonly interpreted as a structure underlying a two-dimensional conformal field theory, allowing physics to form a bridge between two mathematical areas. The conjectures made by Conway and Norton were proven by Richard Borcherds for the moonshine module in 1992 using the no-ghost theorem from string theory and the theory of vertex operator algebras and generalized Kac–Moody algebras. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In computer science, Thompson's construction algorithm, also called the McNaughton–Yamada–Thompson algorithm, is a method of transforming a regular expression into an equivalent nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA). This NFA can be used to match strings against the regular expression. This algorithm is credited to Ken Thompson. Regular expressions and nondeterministic finite automata are two representations of formal languages. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Digitally modulated signals (e.g. QAM or PSK) are basically made of two CW carriers (the I and Q components, which are out-of-phase carriers). In fact, the information (bits or symbols) is carried by given combinations of phase and/or amplitude of the I and Q components. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Singer analyzes, in detail, why and how beings' interests should be weighed. In his view, a being's interests should always be weighed according to that being's concrete properties, and not according to its belonging to some abstract group. Singer studies a number of ethical issues including race, sex, ability, species, abortion, euthanasia, infanticide, embryo experimentation, the moral status of animals, political violence, overseas aid, and whether we have an obligation to assist others. The 1993 second edition adds chapters on refugees, the environment, equality and disability, embryo experimentation, and the treatment of academics in Germany. A third edition published in 2011 omits the chapter on refugees, and contains a new chapter on climate change. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The subject of the ballad often spoke in first-person and was portrayed as guilty and remorseful, placing an emphasis on begging the listener to learn from their mistake. They were sold on the day of the execution, or sometimes the following days. There was usually no music notation included, only a cue to sing it to the tune of a popular song. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
They must provide a regular accounting of trust income and expenditures. Trustees may be compensated and be reimbursed for their expenses. A court of competent jurisdiction can remove a trustee who breaches their fiduciary duty. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A basis of accounting is the time various financial transactions are recorded. The cash basis (EU VAT vocabulary cash accounting) and the accrual basis are the two primary methods of tracking income and expenses in accounting. Both can be used in a range of situations, from the accounts of a whole country or a large corporation to those of a small business or an individual. In many cases, regulatory bodies require individuals, businesses or corporations to use one method or the other. When this is not the case, the choice of which to use is an important decision, as both methods have advantages and disadvantages. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Financial accountancy is governed by both local and international accounting standards. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) is the standard framework of guidelines for financial accounting used in any given jurisdiction. It includes the standards, conventions and rules that accountants follow in recording and summarizing and in the preparation of financial statements. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In accounting, the convention in consistency is a principle that the same accounting principles should be used for preparing financial statements over a number of time periods. This enables the management to draw important conclusions regarding the working of the concern over a longer period. It allows a comparison in the performance of different periods. If different accounting procedures and processes are used for preparing financial statements of different years then the results will not be comparable because these will be based on different postulates. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Comprehensive Two-dimensional gas chromatography, or GC×GC is a multidimensional gas chromatography technique that was originally described in 1984 by J. Calvin Giddings and first successfully implemented in 1991 by Professor Phillips and his student Zaiyou Liu.GC×GC utilizes two different columns with two different stationary phases. In GC×GC, all of the effluent from the first dimension column is diverted to the second dimension column via a modulator. The modulator quickly traps, then "injects" the effluent from the first dimension column onto the second dimension. This process creates a retention plane of the 1st dimension separation x 2nd dimension separation. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex (COG) is a multiprotein complex found in the Golgi apparatus structure and involved in intracellular transport and glycoprotein modification.Earlier names for this complex were: the Golgi transport complex (GTC), the LDLC complex, which is involved in glycosylation reactions, and the SEC34 complex, which is involved in vesicular transport. These 3 complexes are identical and have been termed the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex (Ungar et al., 2002). Structure The COG protein complex consists of eight subunits, in two lobes; Lobe A consists of COG1, COG2, COG3, COG4 and lobe B consists of COG5, COG6, COG7, COG8. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Strangling is compression of the neck that may lead to unconsciousness or death by causing an increasingly hypoxic state in the brain. Fatal strangling typically occurs in cases of violence, accidents, and is one of two main ways that hanging causes death (alongside breaking the victim's neck). Strangling does not have to be fatal; limited or interrupted strangling is practised in erotic asphyxia, in the choking game, and is an important technique in many combat sports and self-defense systems. Strangling can be divided into three general types according to the mechanism used: Hanging — Suspension from a cord wound around the neck Ligature strangulation — Strangulation without suspension using some form of cord-like object called a garrote Manual strangulation — Strangulation using the fingers or other extremity | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A self-inflicted wound (SIW) or self-inflicted injury (SII) is a physical injury done to oneself. This may occur in contexts including: Suicide or suicide attempt Self-harm (non-suicidal self-injury) As a resut of an organic brain syndrome: S82 Pursuit of an ulterior motive, including: To avoid military service: 96 Self-surgery,: S82 including: Autoenucleation Self-inflicted caesarean section Self-castration Body modification, including for ritual purposes: 71 Autoeroticism: S82 While some sources use the terms to include accidental injury,: 408 others cast "self-inflicted" in opposition to "accidental".The term is also used metaphorically, akin to "shooting oneself in the foot". == References == | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The Martians, also known as the Invaders, are the race of extraterrestrials and the main antagonists from the H.G. Wells 1898 novel The War of the Worlds. They are the main antagonists of the novel, and their efforts to exterminate the populace of the Earth and claim the planet for themselves drive the plot and present challenges for the novel's human characters. They are notable for their use of extraterrestrial weaponry far in advance of that of mankind at the time of the invasion. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The White Martians are one of four fictional extraterrestrial races native to Mars in the DC Comics' shared universe. White Martians, also known as Pale Martians, appear in the comics of the DC Universe, chiefly JLA, Martian Manhunter, and Son of Vulcan. They first appeared in Justice League #71 (May 1969). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In serial music the beginning of a note may be considered, or its duration may be (for example, is a 6 the note which begins at the sixth beat, or which lasts six beats?). Durations, and their beginnings and endings, may be described as long, short, or taking a specific amount of time. Often duration is described according to terms borrowed from descriptions of pitch. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In music, duration is an amount of time or how long or short a note, phrase, section, or composition lasts. "Duration is the length of time a pitch, or tone, is sounded." A note may last less than a second, while a symphony may last more than an hour. One of the fundamental features of rhythm, or encompassing rhythm, duration is also central to meter and musical form. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Wheelsets with these large flanges are colloquially known as 'pizza cutters' due to a resemblance to the kitchen utensil.An advantage of N scale is that it allows hobbyists to build layouts that take up less space than HO scale, or put longer track runs into the same amount of space, because the models are smaller (by nearly a half) than they are in HO scale (1:87). While N scale is quite small, it is not the smallest commercially available scale, as Z scale is smaller yet at 1:220 and T scale is 1:450 or 1:480. N scale is considered generally compatible with 1:144 scale for miniature wargaming. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics and physics, multiple-scale analysis (also called the method of multiple scales) comprises techniques used to construct uniformly valid approximations to the solutions of perturbation problems, both for small as well as large values of the independent variables. This is done by introducing fast-scale and slow-scale variables for an independent variable, and subsequently treating these variables, fast and slow, as if they are independent. In the solution process of the perturbation problem thereafter, the resulting additional freedom – introduced by the new independent variables – is used to remove (unwanted) secular terms. The latter puts constraints on the approximate solution, which are called solvability conditions. Mathematics research from about the 1980s proposes that coordinate transforms and invariant manifolds provide a sounder support for multiscale modelling (for example, see center manifold and slow manifold). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In music, changing tones (also called double neighboring tones and neighbor group) consists of two consecutive non-chord tones. The first moves in one direction by a step from a chord tone, then skips by a third in the opposite direction to another non-chord tone, and then finally resolves back to the original chord tone. Changing tones appear to resemble two consecutive neighbor tones; an upper neighbor and a lower neighbor with the chord tone missing from the middle. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Using one (or more) of these notes in a resolving dominant chord greatly increases the bite in the chord and therefore the power of the resolution. In jazz harmony, chromatic alteration is either the addition of notes not in the scale or expansion of a progression by adding extra non-diatonic chords. For example, "A C major scale with an added D♯ note, for instance, is a chromatically altered scale" while, "one bar of Cmaj7 moving to Fmaj7 in the next bar can be chromatically altered by adding the ii and V of Fmaj7 on the second two beats of bar" one. Techniques include the ii–V–I turnaround, as well as movement by half-step or minor third. The five most common types of altered dominants are: V+, V7♯5 (both with raised fifths), V♭5, V7♭5 (both with lowered fifths), and Vø7 (with lowered fifth and third, the latter enharmonic to a raised ninth). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Emotional choice theory (also referred to as the "logic of affect") is a social scientific action model to explain human decision-making. Its foundation was laid in Robin Markwica’s monograph Emotional Choices published by Oxford University Press in 2018. It is considered an alternative model to rational choice theory and constructivist perspectives. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Social choice theory or social choice is a theoretical framework for analysis of combining individual opinions, preferences, interests, or welfares to reach a collective decision or social welfare in some sense. Whereas choice theory is concerned with individuals making choices based on their preferences, social choice theory is concerned with how to translate the preferences of individuals into the preferences of a group. A non-theoretical example of a collective decision is enacting a law or set of laws under a constitution. Another example is voting, where individual preferences over candidates are collected to elect a person that best represents the group's preferences.Social choice blends elements of welfare economics and public choice theory. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Plain weave (also called tabby weave, linen weave or taffeta weave) is the most basic of three fundamental types of textile weaves (along with satin weave and twill). It is strong and hard-wearing, and is used for fashion and furnishing fabrics. In plain weave cloth, the warp and weft threads cross at right angles, aligned so they form a simple criss-cross pattern. Each weft thread crosses the warp threads by going over one, then under the next, and so on. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Older lightweight ripstop fabrics display the thicker interlocking thread patterns in the material quite prominently, but more modern weaving techniques make the ripstop threads less obvious. A similar effect can be achieved by weaving two or three fine yarns together at smaller intervals.Advantages of ripstop are the favourable strength-to-weight ratio and that small tears can not easily spread. Fibers used to make ripstop include cotton, silk, polyester, and polypropylene, with nylon content often limited to the crosshatched threads that make it tear-resistant. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Preflexes are the latent capacities in the musculoskeletal system that auto-stabilize movements through the use of the nonlinear visco-elastic properties of muscles when they contract. The term "preflex" for such a zero-delay, intrinsic feedback loop was coined by Loeb. Unlike stabilization methods using neurons, such as reflexes and higher brain control, a preflex happens with minimal time delay; however, it only stabilizes the main movements of the musculoskeletal system. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This model of Urbanism strives to tackle the current challenges of society by intertwining sustainability and urban occupation models. "Ecological urbanism" was coined by architect and planner Miguel Ruano in his 1998 book Eco-Urbanism: Sustainable Human Settlements, 60 Case Studies. The term first appeared as "EcoUrbanism", which is defined as "the development of multi-dimensional sustainable human communities within harmonious and balanced built environments". | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Moreover, the pumping lemma guarantees that the length of x y {\displaystyle xy} will be at most p {\displaystyle p} , imposing a limit on the ways in which w {\displaystyle w} may be split. Languages with a finite number of strings vacuously satisfy the pumping lemma by having p {\displaystyle p} equal to the maximum string length in L {\displaystyle L} plus one. By doing so, zero strings in L {\displaystyle L} have length greater than p {\displaystyle p} . The pumping lemma is useful for disproving the regularity of a specific language in question. It was first proven by Michael Rabin and Dana Scott in 1959, and rediscovered shortly after by Yehoshua Bar-Hillel, Micha A. Perles, and Eli Shamir in 1961, as a simplification of their pumping lemma for context-free languages. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
One is the bar above an expression, as in the square root sign in which the bar is a symbol of grouping. For example √p+q is the square root of the sum. The bar is also a symbol of grouping in repeated decimal digits. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Mathematical Operators is a Unicode block containing characters for mathematical, logical, and set notation. Notably absent are the plus sign (+), greater than sign (>) and less than sign (<), due to them already appearing in the Basic Latin Unicode block, and the plus-or-minus sign (±), multiplication sign (×) and obelus (÷), due to them already appearing in the Latin-1 Supplement block, although a distinct minus sign (−) is included, differing from the Basic Latin hyphen-minus (-). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Fatigue describes a state of tiredness (which is not sleepiness) or exhaustion. In general usage, fatigue often follows prolonged physical or mental activity. When fatigue occurs independently of physical or mental exertion, or does not resolve after rest or sleep, it may have other causes, such as a medical condition.Fatigue (in a medical context) is complex and its cause is often unknown. Fatigue is associated with a wide variety of conditions including autoimmune disease, organ failure, chronic pain conditions, mood disorders, heart disease, infectious diseases and post-infectious disease states.Fatigue (in the general usage sense of normal tiredness) can include both physical and mental fatigue. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Abiodun Orebiyi, the secretary-general of the Nigerian Red Cross (NRC), estimated that there were at least 200 dead but indicated that there was no official death toll and was unable to determine the final number of deaths, stating that the NRC " know if it is 300, 400 or 500". He also added that 60 people had been taken to the hospital with serious burns, while a number of houses had been destroyed, along with a mosque and a church. Another senior official, Ige Oladimeji, was quoted as saying that there has been 260 documented to be dead by nightfall. On the day of the explosion, a Reuters news agency photographer estimated 500 bodies in the scene. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The setlists were adjusted for each year of the tour; for the 2010 shows, unreleased songs were debuted live, while for 2011 legs, the group performed more 1990s songs to mark the 20th anniversary of the release of Achtung Baby. Comprising three legs and 110 shows, the tour began on 30 June 2009 in Barcelona, Spain, and concluded on 30 July 2011 in Moncton, New Brunswick. It twice visited Europe and North America, while making stops in South America, Africa, and Oceania. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Soulsonic Force (also referred to as Afrika Bambaataa & Soulsonic Force) is an American electro-funk and hip hop ensemble led by Afrika Bambaataa who helped establish hip-hop in the early 1980s with songs such as "Planet Rock." They were also influential in the birth of the electro movement in America and helped pave the way for modern dance music styles such as electro-funk as well as the entire Miami bass scene. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The SZSE Component Index is an index of 500 stocks that are traded at the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE). It is the main stock market index of SZSE. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
From the early 20th century, a number of organisations promoted and codified the various forms of dance, creating competitive structures and standardised styles. Irish dancers who compete for competitive reasons dance in a dance style that is more modern than traditional Irish dance. It is mainly done solo, but there is some team dancing in groups of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 16 and even numbers onwards. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Irish dancing in groups is made up of a number of styles and traditions, which developed from French and English dances and formations. Ceili dance, practised both competitively and socially, is performed by groups of two to sixteen people, and often uses traditional or codified dances and formations. Its footwork is simple, and emphasis is placed on the figures and formations of the dances. Set dance is primarily a social tradition, for groups of four dancers, and includes elements of the intricate footwork found in step dance. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
After the release of the album, Esthero continued to provide guest vocals, and wrote music for other artists, including Kanye West and Kidz in the Hall. She finally returned with solo material in 2012 with Everything Is Expensive, which she funded using pledges from PledgeMusic. The album spawned one single, "Never Gonna Let You Go", which was a minor hit in Canada, earning her her first chart entry there. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Amplified Heart is the eighth studio album by British musical duo Everything but the Girl. It was released on 13 June 1994 by Blanco y Negro Records in the U.K. and on 19 July 1994 by Atlantic Records in the United States and Canada. The album was recorded and mixed in London from winter 1993 to 1994. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A Zika virus vaccine is designed to prevent the symptoms and complications of Zika virus infection in humans. As Zika virus infection of pregnant women may result in congenital defects in the newborn, the vaccine will attempt to protect against congenital Zika syndrome during the current or any future outbreak. As of April 2019, no vaccines have been approved for clinical use, however a number of vaccines are currently in clinical trials. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
She weighs 1,650 tons (1,676 metric tons), with a capacity of 176 passengers. Her cross-compound steam engines generate 2,000 indicated horsepower (1,500 kW), powering a stern-mounted paddlewheel. Built in 1927, she is the last surviving steam-powered overnight passenger boat plying the watershed of the Mississippi. In 1989, she was designated a National Historic Landmark. Originally, she was built as an equal to her sister ship, the Delta King, which is currently moored in Sacramento. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Two schooners, commissioned by Pfister, were built at the Manitowoc shipyards to transport the vast amount of hides, bark and other products at Sandy Bay and Two Creeks. The 146-ton Guido was built by Elias Sorenson. The 694-ton Guido Pfister was built by Hanson & Scove. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
HKTVmall is a wholly owned subsidiary of HKTV founded in 2015 as a over-the-top shopping and entertainment ("shoppertainment") platform. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the 1960s–1970s, an international peace movement took root among citizens around the world. Movements against nuclear weapons testing and for nuclear disarmament took place, with large anti-war protests. By the 1970s, both sides had started making allowances for peace and security, ushering in a period of détente that saw the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks and the 1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China that opened relations with China as a strategic counterweight to the Soviet Union. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
"During the 1954 Geneva Conference in Switzerland, Chinese Premier and foreign minister Zhou Enlai suggested that a peace treaty should be implemented on the Korean peninsula. However, the US secretary of state, John Foster Dulles, did not accommodate this attempt to achieve such a treaty. A final peace settlement has never been achieved. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
When the incident became public, Cho and Korean Air were heavily criticized, and in the aftermath, Cho resigned from one of her several executive positions at Korean Air. She was subsequently found guilty in a South Korean court of obstructing aviation safety and given a twelve-month prison sentence, of which she served five months. The flight attendant and cabin crew chief had returned to their positions by April 2016. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
She was released from prison on 3 May 2019. It is widely believed that Kim Jong-nam was murdered on the orders of Kim Jong Un. Four North Korean suspects left the airport shortly after the assassination and reached Pyongyang without being arrested. Other North Koreans were arrested but were released without charge. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
There he worked closely with them, the Kalmarer Painter and other painters. There are about 100 drinking containers of his (primarily kylikes) known to us. They almost exclusively depict the life of the aristocratic youth of Athens. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the distance beyond the table are six more objects in two horizontal rows of three. These objects roughly resemble the three shapes they are aligned with on the table. This painting is owned by the Salvador Dalí Museum. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In 2011, he became a professor at the University of California, San Diego and a Distinguished Professor at the Korea Institute for Advanced Study. In 2022, he moved to the People's Republic of China and joined the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, China. He served as a chair professor and the scientific director of the SUSTech International Center for Mathematics. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Barrels, punched cards and music rolls encoding music to be played by player pianos, fairground organs, barrel organs and music boxes. The automatic flute player, which was invented in the 9th century by the Banū Mūsā brothers in Baghdad, is the first known example of a programmable machine. The work of the Banu Musa was influenced by their Hellenistic forebears, but it also makes significant improvements over Greek creation. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Mechanical music technology is the use of any device, mechanism, machine or tool by a musician or composer to make or perform music; to compose, notate, play back or record songs or pieces; or to analyze or edit music. The earliest known applications of technology to music was prehistoric peoples' use of a tool to hand-drill holes in bones to make simple flutes. Ancient Egyptians developed stringed instruments, such as harps, lyres and lutes, which required making thin strings and some type of peg system for adjusting the pitch of the strings. Ancient Egyptians also used wind instruments such as double clarinets and percussion instruments such as cymbals. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Beyond Meat, Inc. is a Los Angeles–based producer of plant-based meat substitutes founded in 2009 by Ethan Brown. The company's initial products were launched in the United States in 2012. The company went public in 2019, becoming the first plant-based meat analogue company to go public. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
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