text stringlengths 2 2.33k | source stringclasses 826
values |
|---|---|
data lake : large data repository that stores raw data and can be set up without having to first define the data structure and schema | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data management : study of managing data effectively | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data manipulation language (DML) : language used to manipulate and edit data in a database | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data mart : scaled-down version of a data warehouse aimed at meeting the information needs of a homogeneous small group of end users | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data model : abstract model that contains a set of concepts to describe the structure of a database, the operations for manipulating these structures, and certain constraints that the database should obey | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data owner : person with the authority to ultimately decide on the access to, and usage of, the data | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data propagation : use of enterprise application integration (EAI) corresponding to the synchronous or asynchronous propagation of updates in a source system to a target system | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data quality (DQ) : measure of how well the data represents its purpose or fitness for use | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data quality dimension : includes accuracy, completeness, consistency, and accessibility | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data query language (DQL) : language used to make various queries in a database | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data redundancy : happens when the same piece of data is held in two separate places in the database | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data replication : storing data in more than one site to improve the data availability and retrieval performance | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data scientist : person who has theoretical and practical knowledge of managing data | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data security : pertains to guaranteeing data integrity, guaranteeing data availability, authentication, access control, guaranteeing confidentiality, auditing, mitigating, and vulnerabilities | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data steward : person who ensures that the enterprise's actual business data and the metadata are accurate, accessible, secure, and safe | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data swamp : data stored without organization to make retrieval easy | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data virtualization : technique that hides the physical location of data and uses data integration patterns to produce a unified data view | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
data warehouse : centralizes an enterpriseâs data from its databases; it supports the flow of data from operational systems to analytics/decision systems by creating a single repository of data from various sources both internal and external | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database administrator (DBA) : person responsible for the implementation and monitoring of a database and ensuring databases run efficiently | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database application : program or piece of software designed to collect, store, access, retrieve, and manage information efficiently and securely | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database architecture : representation of the design that helps design, develop, implement, and maintain the DBMS | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database designer : person responsible for creating, implementing, and maintaining the database management system | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database language : used to write instructions to access and update data in the database | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database management system (DBMS) : approach where metadata are stored in a catalog | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database normalization : process of structuring a relational database to reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database recovery : activity of setting the database in a consistent state without any data loss in the event of a failure or when any problem occurs | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database security : using a set of controls to secure data, guaranteeing a high level of confidentiality | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database transaction : sequence of read/write operations considered to be an atomic unit | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
database user : person with the privileges to access, analyze, update, and maintain the data | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
DBMS interface : main line of communication between the database and the user | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
DBMS utility : utility for managing and controlling database activities such as loading utility, reorganization utility, performance-monitoring utilities, user management utilities, backup and recovery utility | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
deep learning network : machine learning method based on artificial neural networks | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
denormalizing : process of merging several normalized data tables into an aggregated, denormalized data table | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
descriptive analytics : patterns of customer behavior | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
disk storage : memory device that stores the data such as hard disks, flash memory, magnetic disks, optical disks, and tapes | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
distributed transaction : set of operations that are performed across multiple database systems | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
domain constraint : defines the domain of values for an attribute | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
enterprise search : process of making content stemming from databases by offering tools that can be used within the enterprise | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
entity integrity constraint : specifies that no primary key contains a null | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
equi-join : join that combines tables based on matching values in specified columns | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
exploratory analysis : process of summarizing and visualizing data for initial insight | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) : data integration that combines data from multiple sources, fixes the data format, and loads the data into a data warehouse | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
fact constellation : more than one fact table connected to other smaller dimension tables | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
fat client variant : where presentation logic and application logic are handled by the client; common in cases where it makes sense to couple an applicationâs workflow | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
federated DBMS : provides a uniform interface to multiple underlying data sources | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
flat file database : database that uses a simple structure to store data in a text file; each line in the file holds one record | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
full-text search : selection of individual text documents from a collection of documents according to the presence of a single or a combination of search terms in the document | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
functional dependency (FD) : constraint that specifies the relationship between two sets of attributes and provides a formal tool for the analysis of relational schemas | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) : quality of output is determined by the quality of the input | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
graph-based database : database that represents data as a network of related nodes or objects to facilitate data visualizations and graph analytics | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
Hadoop : distributed data infrastructures that leverage clusters to store and process massive amounts of data | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
heuristics optimization : mathematical technique for processing a query quickly | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
hierarchical DBMS : data model in which the data are organized into a treelike model, DML is procedural and record-oriented, the query processor is logical, and internal data models are intertwined | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
hierarchical model : model in which data are stored in the form of records and organized into a tree structure | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
horizontal fragmentation (sharding) : rows that satisfy a query predicate, global view with UNION query, and common in NoSQL databases | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
immediate backup : storing the copies in disks | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
in-memory DBMS : stores all data in internal memory instead of slower external storage | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
indexed organization : uses a key, similar to relative organization, but the key is unique and fixed | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
informatics : study, design, and development of information technology for the good of people, organizations, and society | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
information architect : (also,data architectorinformation analyst) a person responsible for designing the conceptual data model (blueprints) to bridge the gap between the business processes and the IT environment | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
information retrieval : searching for information in documents using retrieval models that specify matching functions and query representation | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
inner join : represents the intersection of two tables | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
key constraint : specifies that all the values of the primary key must be unique | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
key-value store : simple database that uses an associative array such as Redis, DynamoDB, and Cosmos DB | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
logical data independence : separates any changes in the data from the data format | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
logical design : designing a database based on a specific data model but independent of physical details | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
macro life cycle : includes feasibility analysis, requirements collection and analysis, design, implementation, and validation and acceptance testing | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
MapReduce : open-source software framework used to apply complex queries | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
master data management (MDM) : series of processes, policies, standards, and tools to help organizations define and provide a single point of reference for all data that are mastered | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
merging process : selection of information from different tables about a specific entity and copying it to an aggregated table | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
metadata modeling : business presentation of metadata | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
micro life cycle : focuses on system definition, database design, database implementation, loading or data conversion, application conversion, testing and validation, operation, monitoring, and maintenance | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
miniworld : (also,universe of discourse [UoD]) represents some aspect of the real-world data that is stored in a database | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
missing value : filling an empty field or deleting the field | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
mixed fragmentation : combines horizontal and vertical fragmentation | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
multifile relational database : database that is more flexible than flat file structures by providing more functionality for creating and updating data | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
multimedia DBMS : provides storage of multimedia data such as text, images, audio, and video | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
multiuser DBMS : allows many users to use the database concurrently | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
multivalued dependency (MVD) : occurs when two attributes in a table are independent of each other but both depend on a third attribute | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
n-tier DBMS : multitier architecture that usually divides an application into three tiers | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
natural join : creates an implicit join based on the common columns in two tables | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
network DBMS : data are organized into a network model, DML is procedural and record-oriented, the query processor is logical, and internal data models are intertwined | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
non-first normal form (NFNF) : database data model that does not meet any of the conditions of database normalization defined by the relational model | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
nonrelational database : database that does not use a traditional method for storing data such as rows and columns | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
NoSQL DBMS : big unstructured data classified as document, graph, key-value stores, and column-oriented databases | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
object persistence : refers to when an object is not deleted until a need emerges to remove it from memory | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
object-oriented DBMS : data model in which the data are organized into an OO data model as no impedance mismatch in combination with the OO host language | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
online analytical processing (OLAP) : focuses on using operational data for tactical or strategical decision-making | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
online transaction processing (OLTP) : focuses on managing operational or transactional data; the database server must be able to process lots of simple transactions per unit of time | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
ontology : semantic data used to describe entities of the real world and the relationship between the entities using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
open-source DBMS : publicly available DBMS that can be extended by anyone | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
operational data store (ODS) : staging area that provides query facilities | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
optimizer : process of selecting the best plan to execute | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
outer join : union of two tables | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
outlier : value that is outside the population that should be detected in order to apply the handling process on it | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
parallel processing : technique in which multiple processors work simultaneously on different tasks or different parts of a task to enable concurrent processing of large amounts of data | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
persistence independence : when an object is independent from how a program manipulates it | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
persistence orthogonality : concept means that the environment does not require any actions by a program to retrieve or save their state | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
physical data independence : separates the conceptual level from the physical level | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
physical database design : attributes logical concepts to physical constructs | https://openstax.org/books/introduction-computer-science/pages/8-key-terms |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.