paper_id
string
title
string
paper_url
string
authors
list
type
string
primary_area
string
abstract
large_string
keywords
list
TL;DR
large_string
submission_number
int64
arxiv_id
string
arxiv_id_source
string
jHefDGsorp5
Molecule Optimization by Explainable Evolution
https://openreview.net/forum?id=jHefDGsorp5
[ "Binghong Chen", "Tianzhe Wang", "Chengtao Li", "Hanjun Dai", "Le Song" ]
Poster
null
Optimizing molecules for desired properties is a fundamental yet challenging task in chemistry, material science, and drug discovery. This paper develops a novel algorithm for optimizing molecular properties via an Expectation-Maximization (EM) like explainable evolutionary process. The algorithm is designed to mimic h...
[ "Molecule Design", "Explainable Model", "Evolutionary Algorithm", "Reinforcement Learning", "Graph Generative Model" ]
null
2,246
null
null
VcB4QkSfyO
Estimating Lipschitz constants of monotone deep equilibrium models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=VcB4QkSfyO
[ "Chirag Pabbaraju", "Ezra Winston", "J Zico Kolter" ]
Poster
null
Several methods have been proposed in recent years to provide bounds on the Lipschitz constants of deep networks, which can be used to provide robustness guarantees, generalization bounds, and characterize the smoothness of decision boundaries. However, existing bounds get substantially weaker with increasing depth of ...
[ "deep equilibrium models", "Lipschitz constants" ]
null
2,234
null
null
3q5IqUrkcF
Implicit Gradient Regularization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=3q5IqUrkcF
[ "David Barrett", "Benoit Dherin" ]
Poster
null
Gradient descent can be surprisingly good at optimizing deep neural networks without overfitting and without explicit regularization. We find that the discrete steps of gradient descent implicitly regularize models by penalizing gradient descent trajectories that have large loss gradients. We call this Implicit Gradien...
[ "implicit regularization", "deep learning", "deep learning theory", "theoretical issues in deep learning", "theory", "regularization" ]
null
2,231
2009.11162
title_snapshot
US-TP-xnXI
Structured Prediction as Translation between Augmented Natural Languages
https://openreview.net/forum?id=US-TP-xnXI
[ "Giovanni Paolini", "Ben Athiwaratkun", "Jason Krone", "Jie Ma", "Alessandro Achille", "RISHITA ANUBHAI", "Cicero Nogueira dos Santos", "Bing Xiang", "Stefano Soatto" ]
Spotlight
null
We propose a new framework, Translation between Augmented Natural Languages (TANL), to solve many structured prediction language tasks including joint entity and relation extraction, nested named entity recognition, relation classification, semantic role labeling, event extraction, coreference resolution, and dialogue ...
[ "language models", "few-shot learning", "transfer learning", "structured prediction", "generative modeling", "sequence to sequence", "multi-task learning" ]
null
2,229
2101.05779
title_snapshot
YCXrx6rRCXO
Faster Binary Embeddings for Preserving Euclidean Distances
https://openreview.net/forum?id=YCXrx6rRCXO
[ "Jinjie Zhang", "Rayan Saab" ]
Poster
null
We propose a fast, distance-preserving, binary embedding algorithm to transform a high-dimensional dataset $\mathcal{T}\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n$ into binary sequences in the cube $\{\pm 1\}^m$. When $\mathcal{T}$ consists of well-spread (i.e., non-sparse) vectors, our embedding method applies a stable noise-shaping quanti...
[ "Binary Embeddings", "Johnson-Lindenstrauss Transforms", "Sigma Delta Quantization" ]
null
2,225
2010.00712
title_snapshot
23ZjUGpjcc
Scalable Transfer Learning with Expert Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=23ZjUGpjcc
[ "Joan Puigcerver", "Carlos Riquelme Ruiz", "Basil Mustafa", "Cedric Renggli", "André Susano Pinto", "Sylvain Gelly", "Daniel Keysers", "Neil Houlsby" ]
Poster
null
Transfer of pre-trained representations can improve sample efficiency and reduce computational requirements for new tasks. However, representations used for transfer are usually generic, and are not tailored to a particular distribution of downstream tasks. We explore the use of expert representations for transfer with...
[ "Transfer Learning", "Expert Models", "Few Shot" ]
null
2,224
2009.13239
title_snapshot
lqU2cs3Zca
Signatory: differentiable computations of the signature and logsignature transforms, on both CPU and GPU
https://openreview.net/forum?id=lqU2cs3Zca
[ "Patrick Kidger", "Terry Lyons" ]
Poster
null
Signatory is a library for calculating and performing functionality related to the signature and logsignature transforms. The focus is on machine learning, and as such includes features such as CPU parallelism, GPU support, and backpropagation. To our knowledge it is the first GPU-capable library for these operations. ...
[ "signature", "logsignature", "gpu", "library", "open source" ]
null
2,220
2001.00706
title_snapshot
IFqrg1p5Bc
Distance-Based Regularisation of Deep Networks for Fine-Tuning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=IFqrg1p5Bc
[ "Henry Gouk", "Timothy Hospedales", "Massimiliano Pontil" ]
Poster
null
We investigate approaches to regularisation during fine-tuning of deep neural networks. First we provide a neural network generalisation bound based on Rademacher complexity that uses the distance the weights have moved from their initial values. This bound has no direct dependence on the number of weights and compares...
[ "Deep Learning", "Transfer Learning", "Statistical Learning Theory" ]
null
2,216
2002.08253
title_snapshot
iWLByfvUhN
Decoupling Global and Local Representations via Invertible Generative Flows
https://openreview.net/forum?id=iWLByfvUhN
[ "Xuezhe Ma", "Xiang Kong", "Shanghang Zhang", "Eduard H Hovy" ]
Poster
null
In this work, we propose a new generative model that is capable of automatically decoupling global and local representations of images in an entirely unsupervised setting, by embedding a generative flow in the VAE framework to model the decoder. Specifically, the proposed model utilizes the variational auto-encoding fr...
[ "Generative Models", "Generative Flow", "Normalizing Flow", "Image Generation", "Representation Learning" ]
null
2,214
2004.11820
title_snapshot
C3qvk5IQIJY
Understanding Over-parameterization in Generative Adversarial Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=C3qvk5IQIJY
[ "Yogesh Balaji", "Mohammadmahdi Sajedi", "Neha Mukund Kalibhat", "Mucong Ding", "Dominik Stöger", "Mahdi Soltanolkotabi", "Soheil Feizi" ]
Poster
null
A broad class of unsupervised deep learning methods such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) involve training of overparameterized models where the number of parameters of the model exceeds a certain threshold. Indeed, most successful GANs used in practice are trained using overparameterized generator and discrim...
[ "GAN", "Over-parameterization", "min-max optimization" ]
null
2,213
null
null
A2gNouoXE7
Filtered Inner Product Projection for Crosslingual Embedding Alignment
https://openreview.net/forum?id=A2gNouoXE7
[ "Vin Sachidananda", "Ziyi Yang", "Chenguang Zhu" ]
Poster
null
Due to widespread interest in machine translation and transfer learning, there are numerous algorithms for mapping multiple embeddings to a shared representation space. Recently, these algorithms have been studied in the setting of bilingual lexicon induction where one seeks to align the embeddings of a source and a ta...
[ "multilingual representations", "word embeddings", "natural language processing" ]
null
2,212
2006.03652
title_snapshot
YUGG2tFuPM
Deep Partition Aggregation: Provable Defenses against General Poisoning Attacks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=YUGG2tFuPM
[ "Alexander Levine", "Soheil Feizi" ]
Poster
null
Adversarial poisoning attacks distort training data in order to corrupt the test-time behavior of a classifier. A provable defense provides a certificate for each test sample, which is a lower bound on the magnitude of any adversarial distortion of the training set that can corrupt the test sample's classification. We ...
[ "bagging", "ensemble", "robustness", "certificate", "poisoning", "smoothing" ]
null
2,210
2006.14768
title_judge
wb3wxCObbRT
Growing Efficient Deep Networks by Structured Continuous Sparsification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=wb3wxCObbRT
[ "Xin Yuan", "Pedro Henrique Pamplona Savarese", "Michael Maire" ]
Oral
null
We develop an approach to growing deep network architectures over the course of training, driven by a principled combination of accuracy and sparsity objectives. Unlike existing pruning or architecture search techniques that operate on full-sized models or supernet architectures, our method can start from a small, sim...
[ "deep learning", "computer vision", "network pruning", "neural architecture search" ]
null
2,209
2007.15353
title_snapshot
9GBZBPn0Jx
HalentNet: Multimodal Trajectory Forecasting with Hallucinative Intents
https://openreview.net/forum?id=9GBZBPn0Jx
[ "Deyao Zhu", "Mohamed Zahran", "Li Erran Li", "Mohamed Elhoseiny" ]
Poster
null
Motion forecasting is essential for making intelligent decisions in robotic navigation. As a result, the multi-agent behavioral prediction has become a core component of modern human-robot interaction applications such as autonomous driving. Due to various intentions and interactions among agents, agent trajectories ca...
[]
null
2,202
null
null
O6LPudowNQm
INT: An Inequality Benchmark for Evaluating Generalization in Theorem Proving
https://openreview.net/forum?id=O6LPudowNQm
[ "Yuhuai Wu", "Albert Jiang", "Jimmy Ba", "Roger Baker Grosse" ]
Poster
null
In learning-assisted theorem proving, one of the most critical challenges is to generalize to theorems unlike those seen at training time. In this paper, we introduce INT, an INequality Theorem proving benchmark designed to test agents’ generalization ability. INT is based on a theorem generator, which provides theoret...
[ "Theorem proving", "Synthetic benchmark dataset", "Generalization", "Transformers", "Graph neural networks", "Monte Carlo Tree Search" ]
null
2,194
2007.02924
title_snapshot
lgNx56yZh8a
Bayesian Few-Shot Classification with One-vs-Each Pólya-Gamma Augmented Gaussian Processes
https://openreview.net/forum?id=lgNx56yZh8a
[ "Jake Snell", "Richard Zemel" ]
Poster
null
Few-shot classification (FSC), the task of adapting a classifier to unseen classes given a small labeled dataset, is an important step on the path toward human-like machine learning. Bayesian methods are well-suited to tackling the fundamental issue of overfitting in the few-shot scenario because they allow practitione...
[ "few-shot learning", "gaussian processes", "bayesian deep learning", "uncertainty estimation" ]
null
2,193
2007.10417
title_snapshot
l35SB-_raSQ
A Hypergradient Approach to Robust Regression without Correspondence
https://openreview.net/forum?id=l35SB-_raSQ
[ "Yujia Xie", "Yixiu Mao", "Simiao Zuo", "Hongteng Xu", "Xiaojing Ye", "Tuo Zhao", "Hongyuan Zha" ]
Poster
null
We consider a regression problem, where the correspondence between the input and output data is not available. Such shuffled data are commonly observed in many real world problems. Take flow cytometry as an example: the measuring instruments are unable to preserve the correspondence between the samples and the measurem...
[ "Regression without correspondence", "differentiable programming", "first-order optimization", "Sinkhorn algorithm" ]
null
2,185
2012.00123
title_snapshot
W3Wf_wKmqm9
C-Learning: Horizon-Aware Cumulative Accessibility Estimation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=W3Wf_wKmqm9
[ "Panteha Naderian", "Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem", "Harry J. Braviner", "Anthony L. Caterini", "Jesse C. Cresswell", "Tong Li", "Animesh Garg" ]
Poster
null
Multi-goal reaching is an important problem in reinforcement learning needed to achieve algorithmic generalization. Despite recent advances in this field, current algorithms suffer from three major challenges: high sample complexity, learning only a single way of reaching the goals, and difficulties in solving complex...
[ "reinforcement learning", "goal reaching", "Q-learning" ]
null
2,177
2011.12363
title_snapshot
O-XJwyoIF-k
Minimum Width for Universal Approximation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=O-XJwyoIF-k
[ "Sejun Park", "Chulhee Yun", "Jaeho Lee", "Jinwoo Shin" ]
Spotlight
null
The universal approximation property of width-bounded networks has been studied as a dual of classical universal approximation results on depth-bounded networks. However, the critical width enabling the universal approximation has not been exactly characterized in terms of the input dimension $d_x$ and the output dimen...
[ "universal approximation", "neural networks" ]
null
2,176
2006.08859
title_snapshot
W1G1JZEIy5_
MIROSTAT: A NEURAL TEXT DECODING ALGORITHM THAT DIRECTLY CONTROLS PERPLEXITY
https://openreview.net/forum?id=W1G1JZEIy5_
[ "Sourya Basu", "Govardana Sachitanandam Ramachandran", "Nitish Shirish Keskar", "Lav R. Varshney" ]
Poster
null
Neural text decoding algorithms strongly influence the quality of texts generated using language models, but popular algorithms like top-k, top-p (nucleus), and temperature-based sampling may yield texts that have objectionable repetition or incoherence. Although these methods generate high-quality text after ad hoc pa...
[ "Neural text decoding", "sampling algorithms", "cross-entropy", "repetitions", "incoherence" ]
null
2,175
2007.14966
title_snapshot
bB2drc7DPuB
Global optimality of softmax policy gradient with single hidden layer neural networks in the mean-field regime
https://openreview.net/forum?id=bB2drc7DPuB
[ "Andrea Agazzi", "Jianfeng Lu" ]
Poster
null
We study the problem of policy optimization for infinite-horizon discounted Markov Decision Processes with softmax policy and nonlinear function approximation trained with policy gradient algorithms. We concentrate on the training dynamics in the mean-field regime, modeling e.g. the behavior of wide single hidden layer...
[ "policy gradient", "entropy regularization", "mean-field dynamics", "neural networks" ]
null
2,174
2010.11858
title_snapshot
guetrIHLFGI
The Deep Bootstrap Framework: Good Online Learners are Good Offline Generalizers
https://openreview.net/forum?id=guetrIHLFGI
[ "Preetum Nakkiran", "Behnam Neyshabur", "Hanie Sedghi" ]
Poster
null
We propose a new framework for reasoning about generalization in deep learning. The core idea is to couple the Real World, where optimizers take stochastic gradient steps on the empirical loss, to an Ideal World, where optimizers take steps on the population loss. This leads to an alternate decomposition of test error...
[ "generalization", "optimization", "online learning", "understanding deep learning", "empirical investigation" ]
null
2,172
2010.08127
title_snapshot
vYVI1CHPaQg
A Better Alternative to Error Feedback for Communication-Efficient Distributed Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vYVI1CHPaQg
[ "Samuel Horváth", "Peter Richtarik" ]
Poster
null
Modern large-scale machine learning applications require stochastic optimization algorithms to be implemented on distributed computing systems. A key bottleneck of such systems is the communication overhead for exchanging information across the workers, such as stochastic gradients. Among the many techniques proposed t...
[ "distributed optimization", "communication efficiency" ]
null
2,162
2006.11077
title_snapshot
9FWas6YbmB3
DrNAS: Dirichlet Neural Architecture Search
https://openreview.net/forum?id=9FWas6YbmB3
[ "Xiangning Chen", "Ruochen Wang", "Minhao Cheng", "Xiaocheng Tang", "Cho-Jui Hsieh" ]
Poster
null
This paper proposes a novel differentiable architecture search method by formulating it into a distribution learning problem. We treat the continuously relaxed architecture mixing weight as random variables, modeled by Dirichlet distribution. With recently developed pathwise derivatives, the Dirichlet parameters can be...
[]
null
2,159
2006.10355
title_snapshot
FmMKSO4e8JK
Offline Model-Based Optimization via Normalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=FmMKSO4e8JK
[ "Justin Fu", "Sergey Levine" ]
Poster
null
In this work we consider data-driven optimization problems where one must maximize a function given only queries at a fixed set of points. This problem setting emerges in many domains where function evaluation is a complex and expensive process, such as in the design of materials, vehicles, or neural network architectu...
[ "model-based optimization", "normalized maximum likelihood" ]
null
2,157
2102.07970
title_snapshot
enoVQWLsfyL
Viewmaker Networks: Learning Views for Unsupervised Representation Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=enoVQWLsfyL
[ "Alex Tamkin", "Mike Wu", "Noah Goodman" ]
Poster
null
Many recent methods for unsupervised representation learning train models to be invariant to different "views," or distorted versions of an input. However, designing these views requires considerable trial and error by human experts, hindering widespread adoption of unsupervised representation learning methods across d...
[ "unsupervised learning", "self-supervised", "representation learning", "contrastive learning", "views", "data augmentation" ]
null
2,156
2010.07432
title_snapshot
vXj_ucZQ4hA
Robust Pruning at Initialization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vXj_ucZQ4hA
[ "Soufiane Hayou", "Jean-Francois Ton", "Arnaud Doucet", "Yee Whye Teh" ]
Poster
null
Overparameterized Neural Networks (NN) display state-of-the-art performance. However, there is a growing need for smaller, energy-efficient, neural networks to be able to use machine learning applications on devices with limited computational resources. A popular approach consists of using pruning techniques. While the...
[ "Pruning", "Initialization", "Compression" ]
null
2,155
2002.08797
title_snapshot
CHLhSw9pSw8
Single-Photon Image Classification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=CHLhSw9pSw8
[ "Thomas Fischbacher", "Luciano Sbaiz" ]
Poster
null
Quantum Computing based Machine Learning mainly focuses on quantum computing hardware that is experimentally challenging to realize due to requiring quantum gates that operate at very low temperature. We demonstrate the existence of a "quantum computing toy model" that illustrates key aspects of quantum information pro...
[ "quantum mechanics", "image classification", "quantum machine learning", "theoretical limits" ]
null
2,148
2008.05859
title_snapshot
xfmSoxdxFCG
Can a Fruit Fly Learn Word Embeddings?
https://openreview.net/forum?id=xfmSoxdxFCG
[ "Yuchen Liang", "Chaitanya Ryali", "Benjamin Hoover", "Leopold Grinberg", "Saket Navlakha", "Mohammed J Zaki", "Dmitry Krotov" ]
Poster
null
The mushroom body of the fruit fly brain is one of the best studied systems in neuroscience. At its core it consists of a population of Kenyon cells, which receive inputs from multiple sensory modalities. These cells are inhibited by the anterior paired lateral neuron, thus creating a sparse high dimensional representa...
[ "neurobiology", "neuroscience", "fruit fly", "locality sensitive hashing", "word embedding", "sparse representations" ]
null
2,145
2101.06887
title_snapshot
RmB-88r9dL
VCNet and Functional Targeted Regularization For Learning Causal Effects of Continuous Treatments
https://openreview.net/forum?id=RmB-88r9dL
[ "Lizhen Nie", "Mao Ye", "qiang liu", "Dan Nicolae" ]
Oral
null
Motivated by the rising abundance of observational data with continuous treatments, we investigate the problem of estimating the average dose-response curve (ADRF). Available parametric methods are limited in their model space, and previous attempts in leveraging neural network to enhance model expressiveness relied on...
[ "causal inference", "continuous treatment effect", "doubly robustness" ]
null
2,143
2103.07861
title_snapshot
LGgdb4TS4Z
Topology-Aware Segmentation Using Discrete Morse Theory
https://openreview.net/forum?id=LGgdb4TS4Z
[ "Xiaoling Hu", "Yusu Wang", "Li Fuxin", "Dimitris Samaras", "Chao Chen" ]
Spotlight
null
In the segmentation of fine-scale structures from natural and biomedical images, per-pixel accuracy is not the only metric of concern. Topological correctness, such as vessel connectivity and membrane closure, is crucial for downstream analysis tasks. In this paper, we propose a new approach to train deep image segment...
[ "Topology", "Morse theory", "Image segmentation" ]
null
2,141
2103.09992
title_snapshot
ajOrOhQOsYx
A Wigner-Eckart Theorem for Group Equivariant Convolution Kernels
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ajOrOhQOsYx
[ "Leon Lang", "Maurice Weiler" ]
Poster
null
Group equivariant convolutional networks (GCNNs) endow classical convolutional networks with additional symmetry priors, which can lead to a considerably improved performance. Recent advances in the theoretical description of GCNNs revealed that such models can generally be understood as performing convolutions with $G...
[ "Group Equivariant Convolution", "Steerable Kernel", "Quantum Mechanics", "Wigner-Eckart Theorem", "Representation Theory", "Harmonic Analysis", "Peter-Weyl Theorem" ]
null
2,140
2010.10952
title_snapshot
dKg5D1Z1Lm
Non-asymptotic Confidence Intervals of Off-policy Evaluation: Primal and Dual Bounds
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dKg5D1Z1Lm
[ "Yihao Feng", "Ziyang Tang", "na zhang", "qiang liu" ]
Poster
null
Off-policy evaluation (OPE) is the task of estimating the expected reward of a given policy based on offline data previously collected under different policies. Therefore, OPE is a key step in applying reinforcement learning to real-world domains such as medical treatment, where interactive data collection is expensive...
[ "Non-asymptotic Confidence Intervals", "Off Policy Evaluation", "Reinforcement Learnings" ]
null
2,135
2103.05741
title_snapshot
9YlaeLfuhJF
Model Patching: Closing the Subgroup Performance Gap with Data Augmentation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=9YlaeLfuhJF
[ "Karan Goel", "Albert Gu", "Yixuan Li", "Christopher Re" ]
Poster
null
Classifiers in machine learning are often brittle when deployed. Particularly concerning are models with inconsistent performance on specific subgroups of a class, e.g., exhibiting disparities in skin cancer classification in the presence or absence of a spurious bandage. To mitigate these performance differences, we i...
[ "Robust Machine Learning", "Data Augmentation", "Consistency Training", "Invariant Representations" ]
null
2,132
2008.06775
title_snapshot
fw-BHZ1KjxJ
SOLAR: Sparse Orthogonal Learned and Random Embeddings
https://openreview.net/forum?id=fw-BHZ1KjxJ
[ "Tharun Medini", "Beidi Chen", "Anshumali Shrivastava" ]
Poster
null
Dense embedding models are commonly deployed in commercial search engines, wherein all the document vectors are pre-computed, and near-neighbor search (NNS) is performed with the query vector to find relevant documents. However, the bottleneck of indexing a large number of dense vectors and performing an NNS hurts the ...
[ "Sparse Embedding", "Inverted Index", "Learning to Hash", "Embedding Models" ]
null
2,128
2008.13225
title_snapshot
snOgiCYZgJ7
Neural representation and generation for RNA secondary structures
https://openreview.net/forum?id=snOgiCYZgJ7
[ "Zichao Yan", "William L. Hamilton", "Mathieu Blanchette" ]
Poster
null
Our work is concerned with the generation and targeted design of RNA, a type of genetic macromolecule that can adopt complex structures which influence their cellular activities and functions. The design of large scale and complex biological structures spurs dedicated graph-based deep generative modeling techniques, wh...
[ "Graph neural network", "Deep generative modeling", "Machine learning", "Drug discovery", "RNA structure", "RNA structure embedding", "RNA-protein interaction prediction" ]
null
2,126
2102.00925
title_snapshot
vVjIW3sEc1s
A Mathematical Exploration of Why Language Models Help Solve Downstream Tasks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vVjIW3sEc1s
[ "Nikunj Saunshi", "Sadhika Malladi", "Sanjeev Arora" ]
Poster
null
Autoregressive language models, pretrained using large text corpora to do well on next word prediction, have been successful at solving many downstream tasks, even with zero-shot usage. However, there is little theoretical understanding of this success. This paper initiates a mathematical study of this phenomenon for t...
[ "language models", "theory", "representation learning", "self-supervised learning", "unsupervised learning", "transfer learning", "natural language processing" ]
null
2,122
2010.03648
title_snapshot
NzTU59SYbNq
EigenGame: PCA as a Nash Equilibrium
https://openreview.net/forum?id=NzTU59SYbNq
[ "Ian Gemp", "Brian McWilliams", "Claire Vernade", "Thore Graepel" ]
Oral
null
We present a novel view on principal components analysis as a competitive game in which each approximate eigenvector is controlled by a player whose goal is to maximize their own utility function. We analyze the properties of this PCA game and the behavior of its gradient based updates. The resulting algorithm---which ...
[ "pca", "principal components analysis", "nash", "games", "eigendecomposition", "svd", "singular value decomposition" ]
null
2,114
2010.00554
title_snapshot
gl3D-xY7wLq
Noise or Signal: The Role of Image Backgrounds in Object Recognition
https://openreview.net/forum?id=gl3D-xY7wLq
[ "Kai Yuanqing Xiao", "Logan Engstrom", "Andrew Ilyas", "Aleksander Madry" ]
Poster
null
We assess the tendency of state-of-the-art object recognition models to depend on signals from image backgrounds. We create a toolkit for disentangling foreground and background signal on ImageNet images, and find that (a) models can achieve non-trivial accuracy by relying on the background alone, (b) models often misc...
[ "Backgrounds", "Model Biases", "Robustness", "Computer Vision" ]
null
2,112
2006.09994
title_snapshot
yUxUNaj2Sl
Does enhanced shape bias improve neural network robustness to common corruptions?
https://openreview.net/forum?id=yUxUNaj2Sl
[ "Chaithanya Kumar Mummadi", "Ranjitha Subramaniam", "Robin Hutmacher", "Julien Vitay", "Volker Fischer", "Jan Hendrik Metzen" ]
Poster
null
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) learn to extract representations of complex features, such as object shapes and textures to solve image recognition tasks. Recent work indicates that CNNs trained on ImageNet are biased towards features that encode textures and that these alone are sufficient to generalize to unseen...
[ "neural network robustness", "shape bias", "corruptions", "distribution shift" ]
null
2,111
2104.09789
title_snapshot
LXMSvPmsm0g
Long Live the Lottery: The Existence of Winning Tickets in Lifelong Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=LXMSvPmsm0g
[ "Tianlong Chen", "Zhenyu Zhang", "Sijia Liu", "Shiyu Chang", "Zhangyang Wang" ]
Poster
null
The lottery ticket hypothesis states that a highly sparsified sub-network can be trained in isolation, given the appropriate weight initialization. This paper extends that hypothesis from one-shot task learning, and demonstrates for the first time that such extremely compact and independently trainable sub-networks can...
[ "lottery tickets", "winning tickets", "lifelong learning" ]
null
2,110
null
null
MjvduJCsE4
Exploring the Uncertainty Properties of Neural Networks’ Implicit Priors in the Infinite-Width Limit
https://openreview.net/forum?id=MjvduJCsE4
[ "Ben Adlam", "Jaehoon Lee", "Lechao Xiao", "Jeffrey Pennington", "Jasper Snoek" ]
Poster
null
Modern deep learning models have achieved great success in predictive accuracy for many data modalities. However, their application to many real-world tasks is restricted by poor uncertainty estimates, such as overconfidence on out-of-distribution (OOD) data and ungraceful failing under distributional shift. Previous b...
[ "Deep Learning", "Uncertainty", "Infinite-Width Limit", "Neural Network Gaussian Process", "Bayesian Neural Networks", "Gaussian Process" ]
null
2,105
2010.07355
title_snapshot
TK_6nNb_C7q
Hierarchical Autoregressive Modeling for Neural Video Compression
https://openreview.net/forum?id=TK_6nNb_C7q
[ "Ruihan Yang", "Yibo Yang", "Joseph Marino", "Stephan Mandt" ]
Poster
null
Recent work by Marino et al. (2020) showed improved performance in sequential density estimation by combining masked autoregressive flows with hierarchical latent variable models. We draw a connection between such autoregressive generative models and the task of lossy video compression. Specifically, we view recent neu...
[ "Compression", "Video Compression", "Generative Models", "Autoregressive Models" ]
null
2,103
2010.10258
title_snapshot
ujmgfuxSLrO
DeLighT: Deep and Light-weight Transformer
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ujmgfuxSLrO
[ "Sachin Mehta", "Marjan Ghazvininejad", "Srinivasan Iyer", "Luke Zettlemoyer", "Hannaneh Hajishirzi" ]
Poster
null
We introduce a deep and light-weight transformer, DeLighT, that delivers similar or better performance than standard transformer-based models with significantly fewer parameters. DeLighT more efficiently allocates parameters both (1) within each Transformer block using the DeLighT transformation, a deep and light-weigh...
[ "Transformers", "Sequence Modeling", "Machine Translation", "Language Modeling", "Representation learning", "Efficient Networks" ]
null
2,100
2008.00623
title_snapshot
nkIDwI6oO4_
Learning A Minimax Optimizer: A Pilot Study
https://openreview.net/forum?id=nkIDwI6oO4_
[ "Jiayi Shen", "Xiaohan Chen", "Howard Heaton", "Tianlong Chen", "Jialin Liu", "Wotao Yin", "Zhangyang Wang" ]
Poster
null
Solving continuous minimax optimization is of extensive practical interest, yet notoriously unstable and difficult. This paper introduces the learning to optimize(L2O) methodology to the minimax problems for the first time and addresses its accompanying unique challenges. We first present Twin-L2O, the first dedicated ...
[ "Learning to Optimize", "Minimax Optimization" ]
null
2,099
null
null
zElset1Klrp
Fuzzy Tiling Activations: A Simple Approach to Learning Sparse Representations Online
https://openreview.net/forum?id=zElset1Klrp
[ "Yangchen Pan", "Kirby Banman", "Martha White" ]
Poster
null
Recent work has shown that sparse representations---where only a small percentage of units are active---can significantly reduce interference. Those works, however, relied on relatively complex regularization or meta-learning approaches, that have only been used offline in a pre-training phase. In this work, we pursue ...
[ "Reinforcement learning", "natural sparsity", "sparse representation", "fuzzy tiling activation function" ]
null
2,083
1911.08068
title_snapshot
dgtpE6gKjHn
FedBE: Making Bayesian Model Ensemble Applicable to Federated Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dgtpE6gKjHn
[ "Hong-You Chen", "Wei-Lun Chao" ]
Poster
null
Federated learning aims to collaboratively train a strong global model by accessing users' locally trained models but not their own data. A crucial step is therefore to aggregate local models into a global model, which has been shown challenging when users have non-i.i.d. data. In this paper, we propose a novel aggrega...
[]
null
2,078
2009.01974
title_snapshot
xpx9zj7CUlY
Randomized Automatic Differentiation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=xpx9zj7CUlY
[ "Deniz Oktay", "Nick McGreivy", "Joshua Aduol", "Alex Beatson", "Ryan P Adams" ]
Oral
null
The successes of deep learning, variational inference, and many other fields have been aided by specialized implementations of reverse-mode automatic differentiation (AD) to compute gradients of mega-dimensional objectives. The AD techniques underlying these tools were designed to compute exact gradients to numerical p...
[ "automatic differentiation", "autodiff", "backprop", "deep learning", "pdes", "stochastic optimization" ]
null
2,076
2007.10412
title_snapshot
7uVcpu-gMD
Are Neural Nets Modular? Inspecting Functional Modularity Through Differentiable Weight Masks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=7uVcpu-gMD
[ "Róbert Csordás", "Sjoerd van Steenkiste", "Jürgen Schmidhuber" ]
Poster
null
Neural networks (NNs) whose subnetworks implement reusable functions are expected to offer numerous advantages, including compositionality through efficient recombination of functional building blocks, interpretability, preventing catastrophic interference, etc. Understanding if and how NNs are modular could provide in...
[ "modularity", "systematic generalization", "compositionality" ]
null
2,069
2010.02066
title_snapshot
-bxf89v3Nx
Calibration tests beyond classification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=-bxf89v3Nx
[ "David Widmann", "Fredrik Lindsten", "Dave Zachariah" ]
Poster
null
Most supervised machine learning tasks are subject to irreducible prediction errors. Probabilistic predictive models address this limitation by providing probability distributions that represent a belief over plausible targets, rather than point estimates. Such models can be a valuable tool in decision-making under unc...
[ "calibration", "uncertainty quantification", "framework", "integral probability metric", "maximum mean discrepancy" ]
null
2,065
2210.13355
title_snapshot
3jjmdp7Hha
Meta Back-Translation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=3jjmdp7Hha
[ "Hieu Pham", "Xinyi Wang", "Yiming Yang", "Graham Neubig" ]
Poster
null
Back-translation is an effective strategy to improve the performance of Neural Machine Translation~(NMT) by generating pseudo-parallel data. However, several recent works have found that better translation quality in the pseudo-parallel data does not necessarily lead to a better final translation model, while lower-qua...
[ "meta learning", "machine translation", "back translation" ]
null
2,063
2102.07847
title_snapshot
vujTf_I8Kmc
Attentional Constellation Nets for Few-Shot Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vujTf_I8Kmc
[ "Weijian Xu", "yifan xu", "Huaijin Wang", "Zhuowen Tu" ]
Poster
null
The success of deep convolutional neural networks builds on top of the learning of effective convolution operations, capturing a hierarchy of structured features via filtering, activation, and pooling. However, the explicit structured features, e.g. object parts, are not expressive in the existing CNN frameworks. In th...
[ "few-shot learning", "constellation models" ]
null
2,058
null
null
jN5y-zb5Q7m
Uncertainty Estimation in Autoregressive Structured Prediction
https://openreview.net/forum?id=jN5y-zb5Q7m
[ "Andrey Malinin", "Mark Gales" ]
Poster
null
Uncertainty estimation is important for ensuring safety and robustness of AI systems. While most research in the area has focused on un-structured prediction tasks, limited work has investigated general uncertainty estimation approaches for structured prediction. Thus, this work aims to investigate uncertainty estimat...
[ "ensembles", "structures prediction", "uncertainty estimation", "knowledge uncertainty", "autoregressive models", "information theory", "machine translation", "speech recognition." ]
null
2,052
2002.07650
title_snapshot
d7KBjmI3GmQ
Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding
https://openreview.net/forum?id=d7KBjmI3GmQ
[ "Dan Hendrycks", "Collin Burns", "Steven Basart", "Andy Zou", "Mantas Mazeika", "Dawn Song", "Jacob Steinhardt" ]
Poster
null
We propose a new test to measure a text model's multitask accuracy. The test covers 57 tasks including elementary mathematics, US history, computer science, law, and more. To attain high accuracy on this test, models must possess extensive world knowledge and problem solving ability. We find that while most recent mode...
[ "multitask", "few-shot" ]
null
2,049
2009.03300
title_snapshot
ixpSxO9flk3
No MCMC for me: Amortized sampling for fast and stable training of energy-based models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ixpSxO9flk3
[ "Will Sussman Grathwohl", "Jacob Jin Kelly", "Milad Hashemi", "Mohammad Norouzi", "Kevin Swersky", "David Duvenaud" ]
Poster
null
Energy-Based Models (EBMs) present a flexible and appealing way to represent uncertainty. Despite recent advances, training EBMs on high-dimensional data remains a challenging problem as the state-of-the-art approaches are costly, unstable, and require considerable tuning and domain expertise to apply successfully. In ...
[ "Generative Models", "EBM", "Energy-Based Models", "Energy Based Models", "semi-supervised learning", "JEM" ]
null
2,046
2010.04230
title_snapshot
jWkw45-9AbL
A Distributional Approach to Controlled Text Generation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=jWkw45-9AbL
[ "Muhammad Khalifa", "Hady Elsahar", "Marc Dymetman" ]
Oral
null
We propose a Distributional Approach for addressing Controlled Text Generation from pre-trained Language Models (LM). This approach permits to specify, in a single formal framework, both “pointwise’” and “distributional” constraints over the target LM — to our knowledge, the first model with such generality —while...
[ "Controlled NLG", "Pretrained Language Models", "Bias in Language Models", "Energy-Based Models", "Information Geometry", "Exponential Families" ]
null
2,042
2012.11635
title_snapshot
dNy_RKzJacY
Aligning AI With Shared Human Values
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dNy_RKzJacY
[ "Dan Hendrycks", "Collin Burns", "Steven Basart", "Andrew Critch", "Jerry Li", "Dawn Song", "Jacob Steinhardt" ]
Poster
null
We show how to assess a language model's knowledge of basic concepts of morality. We introduce the ETHICS dataset, a new benchmark that spans concepts in justice, well-being, duties, virtues, and commonsense morality. Models predict widespread moral judgments about diverse text scenarios. This requires connecting physi...
[ "value learning", "human preferences", "alignment" ]
null
2,039
2008.02275
title_snapshot
WznmQa42ZAx
Interpreting Graph Neural Networks for NLP With Differentiable Edge Masking
https://openreview.net/forum?id=WznmQa42ZAx
[ "Michael Sejr Schlichtkrull", "Nicola De Cao", "Ivan Titov" ]
Spotlight
null
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become a popular approach to integrating structural inductive biases into NLP models. However, there has been little work on interpreting them, and specifically on understanding which parts of the graphs (e.g. syntactic trees or co-reference structures) contribute to a prediction. In t...
[ "Graph neural networks", "interpretability", "sparse stochastic gates", "semantic role labeling", "question answering" ]
null
2,026
2010.00577
title_snapshot
7pgFL2Dkyyy
Class Normalization for (Continual)? Generalized Zero-Shot Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=7pgFL2Dkyyy
[ "Ivan Skorokhodov", "Mohamed Elhoseiny" ]
Poster
null
Normalization techniques have proved to be a crucial ingredient of successful training in a traditional supervised learning regime. However, in the zero-shot learning (ZSL) world, these ideas have received only marginal attention. This work studies normalization in ZSL scenario from both theoretical and practical persp...
[ "zero-shot learning", "normalization", "continual learning", "initialization" ]
null
2,020
2006.11328
title_snapshot
hb1sDDSLbV
Learning explanations that are hard to vary
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hb1sDDSLbV
[ "Giambattista Parascandolo", "Alexander Neitz", "Antonio Orvieto", "Luigi Gresele", "Bernhard Schölkopf" ]
Poster
null
In this paper, we investigate the principle that good explanations are hard to vary in the context of deep learning. We show that averaging gradients across examples -- akin to a logical OR of patterns -- can favor memorization and `patchwork' solutions that sew together different strategies, instead of identifying inv...
[ "invariances", "consistency", "gradient alignment" ]
null
2,015
2009.00329
title_snapshot
NSBrFgJAHg
Degree-Quant: Quantization-Aware Training for Graph Neural Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=NSBrFgJAHg
[ "Shyam Anil Tailor", "Javier Fernandez-Marques", "Nicholas Donald Lane" ]
Poster
null
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated strong performance on a wide variety of tasks due to their ability to model non-uniform structured data. Despite their promise, there exists little research exploring methods to make them more efficient at inference time. In this work, we explore the viability of training ...
[ "Graph neural networks", "quantization", "benchmark" ]
null
2,013
2008.05000
title_snapshot
yr1mzrH3IC
Regularization Matters in Policy Optimization - An Empirical Study on Continuous Control
https://openreview.net/forum?id=yr1mzrH3IC
[ "Zhuang Liu", "Xuanlin Li", "Bingyi Kang", "Trevor Darrell" ]
Spotlight
null
Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) has been receiving increasingly more attention thanks to its encouraging performance on a variety of control tasks. Yet, conventional regularization techniques in training neural networks (e.g., $L_2$ regularization, dropout) have been largely ignored in RL methods, possibly becau...
[ "Policy Optimization", "Regularization", "Continuous Control", "Deep Reinforcement Learning" ]
null
2,011
null
null
mLcmdlEUxy-
Recurrent Independent Mechanisms
https://openreview.net/forum?id=mLcmdlEUxy-
[ "Anirudh Goyal", "Alex Lamb", "Jordan Hoffmann", "Shagun Sodhani", "Sergey Levine", "Yoshua Bengio", "Bernhard Schölkopf" ]
Spotlight
null
We explore the hypothesis that learning modular structures which reflect the dynamics of the environment can lead to better generalization and robustness to changes that only affect a few of the underlying causes. We propose Recurrent Independent Mechanisms (RIMs), a new recurrent architecture in which multiple groups ...
[ "modular representations", "better generalization", "learning mechanisms" ]
null
2,010
1909.10893
title_snapshot
PbEHqvFtcS
Byzantine-Resilient Non-Convex Stochastic Gradient Descent
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PbEHqvFtcS
[ "Zeyuan Allen-Zhu", "Faeze Ebrahimianghazani", "Jerry Li", "Dan Alistarh" ]
Poster
null
We study adversary-resilient stochastic distributed optimization, in which $m$ machines can independently compute stochastic gradients, and cooperate to jointly optimize over their local objective functions. However, an $\alpha$-fraction of the machines are Byzantine, in that they may behave in arbitrary, adversarial w...
[ "distributed machine learning", "distributed deep learning", "robust deep learning", "non-convex optimization", "Byzantine resilience" ]
null
2,007
2012.14368
title_snapshot
dOcQK-f4byz
Teaching Temporal Logics to Neural Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dOcQK-f4byz
[ "Christopher Hahn", "Frederik Schmitt", "Jens U. Kreber", "Markus Norman Rabe", "Bernd Finkbeiner" ]
Poster
null
We study two fundamental questions in neuro-symbolic computing: can deep learning tackle challenging problems in logics end-to-end, and can neural networks learn the semantics of logics. In this work we focus on linear-time temporal logic (LTL), as it is widely used in verification. We train a Transformer on the proble...
[ "Logic", "Verification", "Transformer" ]
null
1,994
2003.04218
title_snapshot
7dpmlkBuJFC
Bypassing the Ambient Dimension: Private SGD with Gradient Subspace Identification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=7dpmlkBuJFC
[ "Yingxue Zhou", "Steven Wu", "Arindam Banerjee" ]
Poster
null
Differentially private SGD (DP-SGD) is one of the most popular methods for solving differentially private empirical risk minimization (ERM). Due to its noisy perturbation on each gradient update, the error rate of DP-SGD scales with the ambient dimension $p$, the number of parameters in the model. Such dependence can b...
[]
null
1,989
2007.03813
title_snapshot
PpshD0AXfA
Generative Time-series Modeling with Fourier Flows
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PpshD0AXfA
[ "Ahmed Alaa", "Alex James Chan", "Mihaela van der Schaar" ]
Poster
null
Generating synthetic time-series data is crucial in various application domains, such as medical prognosis, wherein research is hamstrung by the lack of access to data due to concerns over privacy. Most of the recently proposed methods for generating synthetic time-series rely on implicit likelihood modeling using gene...
[]
null
1,980
null
null
jphnJNOwe36
Overparameterisation and worst-case generalisation: friend or foe?
https://openreview.net/forum?id=jphnJNOwe36
[ "Aditya Krishna Menon", "Ankit Singh Rawat", "Sanjiv Kumar" ]
Poster
null
Overparameterised neural networks have demonstrated the remarkable ability to perfectly fit training samples, while still generalising to unseen test samples. However, several recent works have revealed that such models' good average performance does not always translate to good worst-case performance: in particular, t...
[ "overparameterisation", "worst-case generalisation" ]
null
1,977
null
null
TgSVWXw22FQ
Improving Zero-Shot Voice Style Transfer via Disentangled Representation Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=TgSVWXw22FQ
[ "Siyang Yuan", "Pengyu Cheng", "Ruiyi Zhang", "Weituo Hao", "Zhe Gan", "Lawrence Carin" ]
Poster
null
Voice style transfer, also called voice conversion, seeks to modify one speaker's voice to generate speech as if it came from another (target) speaker. Previous works have made progress on voice conversion with parallel training data and pre-known speakers. However, zero-shot voice style transfer, which learns from non...
[ "Style Transfer", "Mutual Information", "Zero-shot Learning", "Disentanglement" ]
null
1,968
2103.09420
title_snapshot
60j5LygnmD
Meta-learning with negative learning rates
https://openreview.net/forum?id=60j5LygnmD
[ "Alberto Bernacchia" ]
Poster
null
Deep learning models require a large amount of data to perform well. When data is scarce for a target task, we can transfer the knowledge gained by training on similar tasks to quickly learn the target. A successful approach is meta-learning, or "learning to learn" a distribution of tasks, where "learning" is represent...
[ "Meta-learning" ]
null
1,967
2102.00940
title_snapshot
PS3IMnScugk
Learning to Recombine and Resample Data For Compositional Generalization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PS3IMnScugk
[ "Ekin Akyürek", "Afra Feyza Akyürek", "Jacob Andreas" ]
Poster
null
Flexible neural sequence models outperform grammar- and automaton-based counterparts on a variety of tasks. However, neural models perform poorly in settings requiring compositional generalization beyond the training data—particularly to rare or unseen subsequences. Past work has found symbolic scaffolding (e.g. gramma...
[ "compositional generalization", "data augmentation", "language processing", "sequence models", "generative modeling" ]
null
1,966
2010.03706
title_snapshot
hvdKKV2yt7T
Dataset Inference: Ownership Resolution in Machine Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hvdKKV2yt7T
[ "Pratyush Maini", "Mohammad Yaghini", "Nicolas Papernot" ]
Spotlight
null
With increasingly more data and computation involved in their training, machine learning models constitute valuable intellectual property. This has spurred interest in model stealing, which is made more practical by advances in learning with partial, little, or no supervision. Existing defenses focus on inserting uniq...
[ "model ownership", "model extraction", "MLaaS" ]
null
1,964
2104.10706
title_snapshot
4IwieFS44l
Fooling a Complete Neural Network Verifier
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4IwieFS44l
[ "Dániel Zombori", "Balázs Bánhelyi", "Tibor Csendes", "István Megyeri", "Márk Jelasity" ]
Poster
null
The efficient and accurate characterization of the robustness of neural networks to input perturbation is an important open problem. Many approaches exist including heuristic and exact (or complete) methods. Complete methods are expensive but their mathematical formulation guarantees that they provide exact robustness ...
[ "adversarial examples", "complete verifiers", "numerical errors" ]
null
1,961
null
null
BM---bH_RSh
UMEC: Unified model and embedding compression for efficient recommendation systems
https://openreview.net/forum?id=BM---bH_RSh
[ "Jiayi Shen", "Haotao Wang", "Shupeng Gui", "Jianchao Tan", "Zhangyang Wang", "Ji Liu" ]
Poster
null
The recommendation system (RS) plays an important role in the content recommendation and retrieval scenarios. The core part of the system is the Ranking neural network, which is usually a bottleneck of whole system performance during online inference. In this work, we propose a unified model and embedding compression ...
[ "recommendation system", "model compression", "ADMM", "resource constrained" ]
null
1,960
null
null
4dXmpCDGNp7
Evaluations and Methods for Explanation through Robustness Analysis
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4dXmpCDGNp7
[ "Cheng-Yu Hsieh", "Chih-Kuan Yeh", "Xuanqing Liu", "Pradeep Kumar Ravikumar", "Seungyeon Kim", "Sanjiv Kumar", "Cho-Jui Hsieh" ]
Poster
null
Feature based explanations, that provide importance of each feature towards the model prediction, is arguably one of the most intuitive ways to explain a model. In this paper, we establish a novel set of evaluation criteria for such feature based explanations by robustness analysis. In contrast to existing evaluations ...
[ "Interpretability", "Explanations", "Adversarial Robustness" ]
null
1,959
2006.00442
title_snapshot
HCSgyPUfeDj
Learning and Evaluating Representations for Deep One-Class Classification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=HCSgyPUfeDj
[ "Kihyuk Sohn", "Chun-Liang Li", "Jinsung Yoon", "Minho Jin", "Tomas Pfister" ]
Poster
null
We present a two-stage framework for deep one-class classification. We first learn self-supervised representations from one-class data, and then build one-class classifiers on learned representations. The framework not only allows to learn better representations, but also permits building one-class classifiers that ar...
[ "deep one-class classification", "self-supervised learning" ]
null
1,955
2011.02578
title_snapshot
1YLJDvSx6J4
Learning from Protein Structure with Geometric Vector Perceptrons
https://openreview.net/forum?id=1YLJDvSx6J4
[ "Bowen Jing", "Stephan Eismann", "Patricia Suriana", "Raphael John Lamarre Townshend", "Ron Dror" ]
Spotlight
null
Learning on 3D structures of large biomolecules is emerging as a distinct area in machine learning, but there has yet to emerge a unifying network architecture that simultaneously leverages the geometric and relational aspects of the problem domain. To address this gap, we introduce geometric vector perceptrons, which ...
[ "structural biology", "graph neural networks", "proteins", "geometric deep learning" ]
null
1,954
2009.01411
title_snapshot
GJwMHetHc73
Unsupervised Object Keypoint Learning using Local Spatial Predictability
https://openreview.net/forum?id=GJwMHetHc73
[ "Anand Gopalakrishnan", "Sjoerd van Steenkiste", "Jürgen Schmidhuber" ]
Spotlight
null
We propose PermaKey, a novel approach to representation learning based on object keypoints. It leverages the predictability of local image regions from spatial neighborhoods to identify salient regions that correspond to object parts, which are then converted to keypoints. Unlike prior approaches, it utilizes predictab...
[ "unsupervised representation learning", "object-keypoint representations", "visual saliency" ]
null
1,953
2011.12930
title_snapshot
v8b3e5jN66j
Conditional Negative Sampling for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations
https://openreview.net/forum?id=v8b3e5jN66j
[ "Mike Wu", "Milan Mosse", "Chengxu Zhuang", "Daniel Yamins", "Noah Goodman" ]
Poster
null
Recent methods for learning unsupervised visual representations, dubbed contrastive learning, optimize the noise-contrastive estimation (NCE) bound on mutual information between two transformations of an image. NCE typically uses randomly sampled negative examples to normalize the objective, but this may often include ...
[ "contrastive learning", "hard negative mining", "mutual information", "lower bound", "detection", "segmentation", "MoCo" ]
null
1,947
2010.02037
title_snapshot
qpsl2dR9twy
Communication in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Intention Sharing
https://openreview.net/forum?id=qpsl2dR9twy
[ "Woojun Kim", "Jongeui Park", "Youngchul Sung" ]
Poster
null
Communication is one of the core components for learning coordinated behavior in multi-agent systems. In this paper, we propose a new communication scheme named Intention Sharing (IS) for multi-agent reinforcement learning in order to enhance the coordination among agents. In the proposed IS scheme, each agent generat...
[ "Multi-agent reinforcement learning", "communication", "intention", "attention" ]
null
1,946
null
null
tkAtoZkcUnm
Neural Thompson Sampling
https://openreview.net/forum?id=tkAtoZkcUnm
[ "Weitong ZHANG", "Dongruo Zhou", "Lihong Li", "Quanquan Gu" ]
Poster
null
Thompson Sampling (TS) is one of the most effective algorithms for solving contextual multi-armed bandit problems. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm, called Neural Thompson Sampling, which adapts deep neural networks for both exploration and exploitation. At the core of our algorithm is a novel posterior distri...
[ "Deep Learning", "Contextual Bandits", "Thompson sampling" ]
null
1,944
2010.00827
title_snapshot
7R7fAoUygoa
Optimal Regularization can Mitigate Double Descent
https://openreview.net/forum?id=7R7fAoUygoa
[ "Preetum Nakkiran", "Prayaag Venkat", "Sham M. Kakade", "Tengyu Ma" ]
Poster
null
Recent empirical and theoretical studies have shown that many learning algorithms -- from linear regression to neural networks -- can have test performance that is non-monotonic in quantities such the sample size and model size. This striking phenomenon, often referred to as "double descent", has raised questions of if...
[ "double descent", "generalization", "regularization", "regression", "monotonicity" ]
null
1,938
2003.01897
title_snapshot
8HhkbjrWLdE
Separation and Concentration in Deep Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8HhkbjrWLdE
[ "John Zarka", "Florentin Guth", "Stéphane Mallat" ]
Poster
null
Numerical experiments demonstrate that deep neural network classifiers progressively separate class distributions around their mean, achieving linear separability on the training set, and increasing the Fisher discriminant ratio. We explain this mechanism with two types of operators. We prove that a rectifier without b...
[ "fisher ratio", "neural collapse", "mean separation", "concentration", "variance reduction", "deep learning", "image classification" ]
null
1,937
2012.10424
title_snapshot
zWy1uxjDdZJ
Fast Geometric Projections for Local Robustness Certification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=zWy1uxjDdZJ
[ "Aymeric Fromherz", "Klas Leino", "Matt Fredrikson", "Bryan Parno", "Corina Pasareanu" ]
Spotlight
null
Local robustness ensures that a model classifies all inputs within an $\ell_p$-ball consistently, which precludes various forms of adversarial inputs. In this paper, we present a fast procedure for checking local robustness in feed-forward neural networks with piecewise-linear activation functions. Such networks partit...
[ "verification", "robustness", "safety" ]
null
1,934
2002.04742
title_snapshot
rgFNuJHHXv
Group Equivariant Generative Adversarial Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=rgFNuJHHXv
[ "Neel Dey", "Antong Chen", "Soheil Ghafurian" ]
Poster
null
Recent improvements in generative adversarial visual synthesis incorporate real and fake image transformation in a self-supervised setting, leading to increased stability and perceptual fidelity. However, these approaches typically involve image augmentations via additional regularizers in the GAN objective and thus sp...
[ "Group Equivariance", "Geometric Deep Learning", "Generative Adversarial Networks" ]
null
1,928
2005.01683
title_snapshot
hpH98mK5Puk
InfoBERT: Improving Robustness of Language Models from An Information Theoretic Perspective
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hpH98mK5Puk
[ "Boxin Wang", "Shuohang Wang", "Yu Cheng", "Zhe Gan", "Ruoxi Jia", "Bo Li", "Jingjing Liu" ]
Poster
null
Large-scale language models such as BERT have achieved state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of NLP tasks. Recent studies, however, show that such BERT-based models are vulnerable facing the threats of textual adversarial attacks. We aim to address this problem from an information-theoretic perspective, and ...
[ "adversarial robustness", "information theory", "BERT", "adversarial training", "NLI", "QA" ]
null
1,927
2010.02329
title_snapshot
QtTKTdVrFBB
Random Feature Attention
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QtTKTdVrFBB
[ "Hao Peng", "Nikolaos Pappas", "Dani Yogatama", "Roy Schwartz", "Noah Smith", "Lingpeng Kong" ]
Spotlight
null
Transformers are state-of-the-art models for a variety of sequence modeling tasks. At their core is an attention function which models pairwise interactions between the inputs at every timestep. While attention is powerful, it does not scale efficiently to long sequences due to its quadratic time and space complexity i...
[ "Attention", "transformers", "machine translation", "language modeling" ]
null
1,925
2103.02143
title_snapshot
sjuuTm4vj0
Using latent space regression to analyze and leverage compositionality in GANs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=sjuuTm4vj0
[ "Lucy Chai", "Jonas Wulff", "Phillip Isola" ]
Poster
null
In recent years, Generative Adversarial Networks have become ubiquitous in both research and public perception, but how GANs convert an unstructured latent code to a high quality output is still an open question. In this work, we investigate regression into the latent space as a probe to understand the compositional pr...
[ "Image Synthesis", "Composition", "Generative Adversarial Networks", "Image Editing", "Interpretability" ]
null
1,918
2103.10426
title_snapshot
giit4HdDNa
Go with the flow: Adaptive control for Neural ODEs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=giit4HdDNa
[ "Mathieu Chalvidal", "Matthew Ricci", "Rufin VanRullen", "Thomas Serre" ]
Poster
null
Despite their elegant formulation and lightweight memory cost, neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) suffer from known representational limitations. In particular, the single flow learned by NODEs cannot express all homeomorphisms from a given data space to itself, and their static weight parameterization rest...
[ "Neural ODEs", "Optimal Control Theory", "Hypernetworks", "Normalizing flows" ]
null
1,916
2006.09545
title_snapshot
7aL-OtQrBWD
A Learning Theoretic Perspective on Local Explainability
https://openreview.net/forum?id=7aL-OtQrBWD
[ "Jeffrey Li", "Vaishnavh Nagarajan", "Gregory Plumb", "Ameet Talwalkar" ]
Poster
null
In this paper, we explore connections between interpretable machine learning and learning theory through the lens of local approximation explanations. First, we tackle the traditional problem of performance generalization and bound the test-time predictive accuracy of a model using a notion of how locally explainable i...
[ "Interpretability", "Learning Theory", "Local Explanations", "Generalization" ]
null
1,915
2011.01205
title_snapshot
YicbFdNTTy
An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale
https://openreview.net/forum?id=YicbFdNTTy
[ "Alexey Dosovitskiy", "Lucas Beyer", "Alexander Kolesnikov", "Dirk Weissenborn", "Xiaohua Zhai", "Thomas Unterthiner", "Mostafa Dehghani", "Matthias Minderer", "Georg Heigold", "Sylvain Gelly", "Jakob Uszkoreit", "Neil Houlsby" ]
Oral
null
While the Transformer architecture has become the de-facto standard for natural language processing tasks, its applications to computer vision remain limited. In vision, attention is either applied in conjunction with convolutional networks, or used to replace certain components of convolutional networks while keeping ...
[ "computer vision", "image recognition", "self-attention", "transformer", "large-scale training" ]
null
1,909
2010.11929
title_snapshot
XI-OJ5yyse
CopulaGNN: Towards Integrating Representational and Correlational Roles of Graphs in Graph Neural Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=XI-OJ5yyse
[ "Jiaqi Ma", "Bo Chang", "Xuefei Zhang", "Qiaozhu Mei" ]
Poster
null
Graph-structured data are ubiquitous. However, graphs encode diverse types of information and thus play different roles in data representation. In this paper, we distinguish the \textit{representational} and the \textit{correlational} roles played by the graphs in node-level prediction tasks, and we investigate how Gra...
[ "Graph Neural Network", "Gaussian Copula", "Gaussian Graphical Model" ]
null
1,903
2010.02089
title_snapshot
jh-rTtvkGeM
Gradient Descent on Neural Networks Typically Occurs at the Edge of Stability
https://openreview.net/forum?id=jh-rTtvkGeM
[ "Jeremy Cohen", "Simran Kaur", "Yuanzhi Li", "J Zico Kolter", "Ameet Talwalkar" ]
Poster
null
We empirically demonstrate that full-batch gradient descent on neural network training objectives typically operates in a regime we call the Edge of Stability. In this regime, the maximum eigenvalue of the training loss Hessian hovers just above the value $2 / \text{(step size)}$, and the training loss behaves non-mono...
[ "optimization", "trajectory", "stability", "sharpness", "implicit bias", "implicit regularization", "L-smoothness", "deep learning theory", "science of deep learning" ]
null
1,902
2103.00065
title_snapshot
SlrqM9_lyju
AutoLRS: Automatic Learning-Rate Schedule by Bayesian Optimization on the Fly
https://openreview.net/forum?id=SlrqM9_lyju
[ "Yuchen Jin", "Tianyi Zhou", "Liangyu Zhao", "Yibo Zhu", "Chuanxiong Guo", "Marco Canini", "Arvind Krishnamurthy" ]
Poster
null
The learning rate (LR) schedule is one of the most important hyper-parameters needing careful tuning in training DNNs. However, it is also one of the least automated parts of machine learning systems and usually costs significant manual effort and computing. Though there are pre-defined LR schedules and optimizers with...
[]
null
1,900
2105.10762
title_snapshot
kmqjgSNXby
Autoregressive Dynamics Models for Offline Policy Evaluation and Optimization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=kmqjgSNXby
[ "Michael R Zhang", "Thomas Paine", "Ofir Nachum", "Cosmin Paduraru", "George Tucker", "ziyu wang", "Mohammad Norouzi" ]
Poster
null
Standard dynamics models for continuous control make use of feedforward computation to predict the conditional distribution of next state and reward given current state and action using a multivariate Gaussian with a diagonal covariance structure. This modeling choice assumes that different dimensions of the next state...
[ "Off-policy policy evaluation", "autoregressive models", "offline reinforcement learning", "policy optimization" ]
null
1,897
2104.13877
title_snapshot
IrM64DGB21
On the role of planning in model-based deep reinforcement learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=IrM64DGB21
[ "Jessica B Hamrick", "Abram L. Friesen", "Feryal Behbahani", "Arthur Guez", "Fabio Viola", "Sims Witherspoon", "Thomas Anthony", "Lars Holger Buesing", "Petar Veličković", "Theophane Weber" ]
Poster
null
Model-based planning is often thought to be necessary for deep, careful reasoning and generalization in artificial agents. While recent successes of model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) with deep function approximation have strengthened this hypothesis, the resulting diversity of model-based methods has also made ...
[ "model-based RL", "planning", "MuZero" ]
null
1,895
2011.04021
title_snapshot
0cmMMy8J5q
Zero-Cost Proxies for Lightweight NAS
https://openreview.net/forum?id=0cmMMy8J5q
[ "Mohamed S Abdelfattah", "Abhinav Mehrotra", "Łukasz Dudziak", "Nicholas Donald Lane" ]
Poster
null
Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is quickly becoming the standard methodology to design neural network models. However, NAS is typically compute-intensive because multiple models need to be evaluated before choosing the best one. To reduce the computational power and time needed, a proxy task is often used for evaluati...
[ "NAS", "AutoML", "proxy", "pruning", "efficient" ]
null
1,886
2101.08134
title_snapshot
ehJqJQk9cw
Personalized Federated Learning with First Order Model Optimization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ehJqJQk9cw
[ "Michael Zhang", "Karan Sapra", "Sanja Fidler", "Serena Yeung", "Jose M. Alvarez" ]
Poster
null
While federated learning traditionally aims to train a single global model across decentralized local datasets, one model may not always be ideal for all participating clients. Here we propose an alternative, where each client only federates with other relevant clients to obtain a stronger model per client-specific obj...
[ "Federated learning", "personalized learning" ]
null
1,878
2012.08565
title_snapshot
d-XzF81Wg1
Deconstructing the Regularization of BatchNorm
https://openreview.net/forum?id=d-XzF81Wg1
[ "Yann Dauphin", "Ekin Dogus Cubuk" ]
Poster
null
Batch normalization (BatchNorm) has become a standard technique in deep learning. Its popularity is in no small part due to its often positive effect on generalization. Despite this success, the regularization effect of the technique is still poorly understood. This study aims to decompose BatchNorm into separate mecha...
[ "deep learning", "batch normalization", "regularization", "understanding neural networks" ]
null
1,876
null
null
193sEnKY1ij
No Cost Likelihood Manipulation at Test Time for Making Better Mistakes in Deep Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=193sEnKY1ij
[ "Shyamgopal Karthik", "Ameya Prabhu", "Puneet K. Dokania", "Vineet Gandhi" ]
Poster
null
There has been increasing interest in building deep hierarchy-aware classifiers that aim to quantify and reduce the severity of mistakes, and not just reduce the number of errors. The idea is to exploit the label hierarchy (e.g., the WordNet ontology) and consider graph distances as a proxy for mistake severity. Surpri...
[ "Hierarchy-Aware Classification", "Conditional Risk Minimization", "Post-Hoc Correction" ]
null
1,873
2104.00795
title_snapshot