paper_id
string
title
string
paper_url
string
authors
list
type
string
primary_area
string
abstract
large_string
keywords
list
TL;DR
large_string
submission_number
int64
arxiv_id
string
arxiv_id_source
string
l0mSUROpwY
Intrinsic-Extrinsic Convolution and Pooling for Learning on 3D Protein Structures
https://openreview.net/forum?id=l0mSUROpwY
[ "Pedro Hermosilla", "Marco Schäfer", "Matej Lang", "Gloria Fackelmann", "Pere-Pau Vázquez", "Barbora Kozlikova", "Michael Krone", "Tobias Ritschel", "Timo Ropinski" ]
Poster
null
Proteins perform a large variety of functions in living organisms and thus play a key role in biology. However, commonly used algorithms in protein representation learning were not specifically designed for protein data, and are therefore not able to capture all relevant structural levels of a protein during learning. ...
[ "classification", "bioinformatics" ]
null
1,870
2007.06252
title_snapshot
45uOPa46Kh
Generative Language-Grounded Policy in Vision-and-Language Navigation with Bayes' Rule
https://openreview.net/forum?id=45uOPa46Kh
[ "Shuhei Kurita", "Kyunghyun Cho" ]
Poster
null
Vision-and-language navigation (VLN) is a task in which an agent is embodied in a realistic 3D environment and follows an instruction to reach the goal node. While most of the previous studies have built and investigated a discriminative approach, we notice that there are in fact two possible approaches to building suc...
[ "vision-and-language-navigation" ]
null
1,868
2009.07783
title_snapshot
90JprVrJBO
Learning a Latent Search Space for Routing Problems using Variational Autoencoders
https://openreview.net/forum?id=90JprVrJBO
[ "André Hottung", "Bhanu Bhandari", "Kevin Tierney" ]
Poster
null
Methods for automatically learning to solve routing problems are rapidly improving in performance. While most of these methods excel at generating solutions quickly, they are unable to effectively utilize longer run times because they lack a sophisticated search component. We present a learning-based optimization appro...
[ "heuristic search", "variational autoencoders", "learning to optimize", "routing problems", "traveling salesperson problem", "vehicle routing problem", "combinatorial optimization" ]
null
1,866
null
null
0oabwyZbOu
Mastering Atari with Discrete World Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=0oabwyZbOu
[ "Danijar Hafner", "Timothy P Lillicrap", "Mohammad Norouzi", "Jimmy Ba" ]
Poster
null
Intelligent agents need to generalize from past experience to achieve goals in complex environments. World models facilitate such generalization and allow learning behaviors from imagined outcomes to increase sample-efficiency. While learning world models from image inputs has recently become feasible for some tasks, m...
[ "Atari", "world models", "model-based reinforcement learning", "reinforcement learning", "planning", "actor critic" ]
null
1,860
2010.02193
title_snapshot
I4c4K9vBNny
Spatial Dependency Networks: Neural Layers for Improved Generative Image Modeling
https://openreview.net/forum?id=I4c4K9vBNny
[ "Đorđe Miladinović", "Aleksandar Stanić", "Stefan Bauer", "Jürgen Schmidhuber", "Joachim M. Buhmann" ]
Poster
null
How to improve generative modeling by better exploiting spatial regularities and coherence in images? We introduce a novel neural network for building image generators (decoders) and apply it to variational autoencoders (VAEs). In our spatial dependency networks (SDNs), feature maps at each level of a deep neural net a...
[ "Neural networks", "Deep generative models", "Image Modeling", "Variational Autoencoders" ]
null
1,859
2103.08877
title_snapshot
uR9LaO_QxF
Efficient Transformers in Reinforcement Learning using Actor-Learner Distillation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uR9LaO_QxF
[ "Emilio Parisotto", "Russ Salakhutdinov" ]
Poster
null
Many real-world applications such as robotics provide hard constraints on power and compute that limit the viable model complexity of Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. Similarly, in many distributed RL settings, acting is done on un-accelerated hardware such as CPUs, which likewise restricts model size to prevent int...
[ "Deep Reinforcement Learning", "Memory", "Transformers", "Distillation" ]
null
1,854
2104.01655
title_snapshot
ipUPfYxWZvM
IOT: Instance-wise Layer Reordering for Transformer Structures
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ipUPfYxWZvM
[ "Jinhua Zhu", "Lijun Wu", "Yingce Xia", "Shufang Xie", "Tao Qin", "Wengang Zhou", "Houqiang Li", "Tie-Yan Liu" ]
Poster
null
With sequentially stacked self-attention, (optional) encoder-decoder attention, and feed-forward layers, Transformer achieves big success in natural language processing (NLP), and many variants have been proposed. Currently, almost all these models assume that the \emph{layer order} is fixed and kept the same across da...
[ "Layer order", "Transformers", "Instance-wise Learning" ]
null
1,853
2103.03457
title_snapshot
GFsU8a0sGB
Federated Learning via Posterior Averaging: A New Perspective and Practical Algorithms
https://openreview.net/forum?id=GFsU8a0sGB
[ "Maruan Al-Shedivat", "Jennifer Gillenwater", "Eric Xing", "Afshin Rostamizadeh" ]
Poster
null
Federated learning is typically approached as an optimization problem, where the goal is to minimize a global loss function by distributing computation across client devices that possess local data and specify different parts of the global objective. We present an alternative perspective and formulate federated learni...
[ "federated learning", "posterior inference", "MCMC" ]
null
1,852
2010.05273
title_snapshot
XSLF1XFq5h
Getting a CLUE: A Method for Explaining Uncertainty Estimates
https://openreview.net/forum?id=XSLF1XFq5h
[ "Javier Antoran", "Umang Bhatt", "Tameem Adel", "Adrian Weller", "José Miguel Hernández-Lobato" ]
Oral
null
Both uncertainty estimation and interpretability are important factors for trustworthy machine learning systems. However, there is little work at the intersection of these two areas. We address this gap by proposing a novel method for interpreting uncertainty estimates from differentiable probabilistic models, like Bay...
[ "interpretability", "uncertainty", "explainability" ]
null
1,848
2006.06848
title_snapshot
Nc3TJqbcl3
Extracting Strong Policies for Robotics Tasks from Zero-Order Trajectory Optimizers
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Nc3TJqbcl3
[ "Cristina Pinneri", "Shambhuraj Sawant", "Sebastian Blaes", "Georg Martius" ]
Poster
null
Solving high-dimensional, continuous robotic tasks is a challenging optimization problem. Model-based methods that rely on zero-order optimizers like the cross-entropy method (CEM) have so far shown strong performance and are considered state-of-the-art in the model-based reinforcement learning community. However, this...
[ "reinforcement learning", "zero-order optimization", "policy learning", "model-based learning", "robotics", "model predictive control" ]
null
1,844
null
null
6Tm1mposlrM
Sharpness-aware Minimization for Efficiently Improving Generalization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=6Tm1mposlrM
[ "Pierre Foret", "Ariel Kleiner", "Hossein Mobahi", "Behnam Neyshabur" ]
Spotlight
null
In today's heavily overparameterized models, the value of the training loss provides few guarantees on model generalization ability. Indeed, optimizing only the training loss value, as is commonly done, can easily lead to suboptimal model quality. Motivated by the connection between geometry of the loss landscape and g...
[ "Sharpness Minimization", "Generalization", "Regularization", "Training Method", "Deep Learning" ]
null
1,839
2010.01412
title_snapshot
mQPBmvyAuk
BREEDS: Benchmarks for Subpopulation Shift
https://openreview.net/forum?id=mQPBmvyAuk
[ "Shibani Santurkar", "Dimitris Tsipras", "Aleksander Madry" ]
Poster
null
We develop a methodology for assessing the robustness of models to subpopulation shift---specifically, their ability to generalize to novel data subpopulations that were not observed during training. Our approach leverages the class structure underlying existing datasets to control the data subpopulations that comprise...
[ "benchmarks", "distribution shift", "hierarchy", "robustness" ]
null
1,836
2008.04859
title_snapshot
NQbnPjPYaG6
On the Impossibility of Global Convergence in Multi-Loss Optimization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=NQbnPjPYaG6
[ "Alistair Letcher" ]
Poster
null
Under mild regularity conditions, gradient-based methods converge globally to a critical point in the single-loss setting. This is known to break down for vanilla gradient descent when moving to multi-loss optimization, but can we hope to build some algorithm with global guarantees? We negatively resolve this open prob...
[ "impossibility", "global", "convergence", "optimization", "multi-loss", "multi-player", "multi-agent", "gradient", "descent" ]
null
1,833
2005.12649
title_snapshot
OHgnfSrn2jv
Efficient Wasserstein Natural Gradients for Reinforcement Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=OHgnfSrn2jv
[ "Ted Moskovitz", "Michael Arbel", "Ferenc Huszar", "Arthur Gretton" ]
Poster
null
A novel optimization approach is proposed for application to policy gradient methods and evolution strategies for reinforcement learning (RL). The procedure uses a computationally efficient \emph{Wasserstein natural gradient} (WNG) descent that takes advantage of the geometry induced by a Wasserstein penalty to speed o...
[ "reinforcement learning", "optimization" ]
null
1,830
2010.05380
title_snapshot
PULSD5qI2N1
Optimal Rates for Averaged Stochastic Gradient Descent under Neural Tangent Kernel Regime
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PULSD5qI2N1
[ "Atsushi Nitanda", "Taiji Suzuki" ]
Oral
null
We analyze the convergence of the averaged stochastic gradient descent for overparameterized two-layer neural networks for regression problems. It was recently found that a neural tangent kernel (NTK) plays an important role in showing the global convergence of gradient-based methods under the NTK regime, where the lea...
[ "stochastic gradient descent", "two-layer neural network", "over-parameterization", "neural tangent kernel" ]
null
1,820
2006.12297
title_snapshot
3Aoft6NWFej
PMI-Masking: Principled masking of correlated spans
https://openreview.net/forum?id=3Aoft6NWFej
[ "Yoav Levine", "Barak Lenz", "Opher Lieber", "Omri Abend", "Kevin Leyton-Brown", "Moshe Tennenholtz", "Yoav Shoham" ]
Spotlight
null
Masking tokens uniformly at random constitutes a common flaw in the pretraining of Masked Language Models (MLMs) such as BERT. We show that such uniform masking allows an MLM to minimize its training objective by latching onto shallow local signals, leading to pretraining inefficiency and suboptimal downstream performa...
[ "Language modeling", "BERT", "pointwise mutual information" ]
null
1,810
2010.01825
title_snapshot
C70cp4Cn32
Multi-Level Local SGD: Distributed SGD for Heterogeneous Hierarchical Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=C70cp4Cn32
[ "Timothy Castiglia", "Anirban Das", "Stacy Patterson" ]
Poster
null
We propose Multi-Level Local SGD, a distributed stochastic gradient method for learning a smooth, non-convex objective in a multi-level communication network with heterogeneous workers. Our network model consists of a set of disjoint sub-networks, with a single hub and multiple workers; further, workers may have differ...
[ "Machine Learning", "Stochastic Gradient Descent", "Federated Learning", "Hierarchical Networks", "Distributed", "Heterogeneous", "Convergence Analysis" ]
null
1,804
2007.13819
title_judge
QoWatN-b8T
Kanerva++: Extending the Kanerva Machine With Differentiable, Locally Block Allocated Latent Memory
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QoWatN-b8T
[ "Jason Ramapuram", "Yan Wu", "Alexandros Kalousis" ]
Poster
null
Episodic and semantic memory are critical components of the human memory model. The theory of complementary learning systems (McClelland et al., 1995) suggests that the compressed representation produced by a serial event (episodic memory) is later restructured to build a more generalized form of reusable knowledge (se...
[ "memory", "generative model", "latent variable", "heap allocation" ]
null
1,802
2103.03905
title_snapshot
hsFN92eQEla
EVALUATION OF NEURAL ARCHITECTURES TRAINED WITH SQUARE LOSS VS CROSS-ENTROPY IN CLASSIFICATION TASKS
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hsFN92eQEla
[ "Like Hui", "Mikhail Belkin" ]
Poster
null
Modern neural architectures for classification tasks are trained using the cross-entropy loss, which is widely believed to be empirically superior to the square loss. In this work we provide evidence indicating that this belief may not be well-founded. We explore several major neural architectures and a range of stand...
[ "large scale learning", "square loss vs cross-entropy", "classification", "experimental evaluation" ]
null
1,801
2006.07322
title_snapshot
-bdp_8Itjwp
Self-supervised Learning from a Multi-view Perspective
https://openreview.net/forum?id=-bdp_8Itjwp
[ "Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai", "Yue Wu", "Ruslan Salakhutdinov", "Louis-Philippe Morency" ]
Poster
null
As a subset of unsupervised representation learning, self-supervised representation learning adopts self-defined signals as supervision and uses the learned representation for downstream tasks, such as object detection and image captioning. Many proposed approaches for self-supervised learning follow naturally a multi-...
[ "Self-supervised Learning", "Unsupervised Learning", "Multi-view Representation Learning" ]
null
1,776
2006.05576
title_snapshot
j9Rv7qdXjd
Interpretable Neural Architecture Search via Bayesian Optimisation with Weisfeiler-Lehman Kernels
https://openreview.net/forum?id=j9Rv7qdXjd
[ "Binxin Ru", "Xingchen Wan", "Xiaowen Dong", "Michael Osborne" ]
Poster
null
Current neural architecture search (NAS) strategies focus only on finding a single, good, architecture. They offer little insight into why a specific network is performing well, or how we should modify the architecture if we want further improvements. We propose a Bayesian optimisation (BO) approach for NAS that combin...
[]
null
1,775
2006.07556
title_snapshot
UoaQUQREMOs
CT-Net: Channel Tensorization Network for Video Classification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=UoaQUQREMOs
[ "Kunchang Li", "Xianhang Li", "Yali Wang", "Jun Wang", "Yu Qiao" ]
Poster
null
3D convolution is powerful for video classification but often computationally expensive, recent studies mainly focus on decomposing it on spatial-temporal and/or channel dimensions. Unfortunately, most approaches fail to achieve a preferable balance between convolutional efficiency and feature-interaction sufficiency...
[ "Video Classification", "3D Convolution", "Channel Tensorization" ]
null
1,771
2106.01603
title_snapshot
-2FCwDKRREu
Learning Invariant Representations for Reinforcement Learning without Reconstruction
https://openreview.net/forum?id=-2FCwDKRREu
[ "Amy Zhang", "Rowan Thomas McAllister", "Roberto Calandra", "Yarin Gal", "Sergey Levine" ]
Oral
null
We study how representation learning can accelerate reinforcement learning from rich observations, such as images, without relying either on domain knowledge or pixel-reconstruction. Our goal is to learn representations that provide for effective downstream control and invariance to task-irrelevant details. Bisimulatio...
[ "rich observations", "bisimulation metrics", "representation learning", "state abstractions" ]
null
1,770
2006.10742
title_snapshot
tqOvYpjPax2
Intraclass clustering: an implicit learning ability that regularizes DNNs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=tqOvYpjPax2
[ "Simon Carbonnelle", "Christophe De Vleeschouwer" ]
Poster
null
Several works have shown that the regularization mechanisms underlying deep neural networks' generalization performances are still poorly understood. In this paper, we hypothesize that deep neural networks are regularized through their ability to extract meaningful clusters among the samples of a class. This constitute...
[ "deep learning", "generalization", "implicit regularization" ]
null
1,769
2103.06733
title_snapshot
fmOOI2a3tQP
Learning Robust State Abstractions for Hidden-Parameter Block MDPs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=fmOOI2a3tQP
[ "Amy Zhang", "Shagun Sodhani", "Khimya Khetarpal", "Joelle Pineau" ]
Poster
null
Many control tasks exhibit similar dynamics that can be modeled as having common latent structure. Hidden-Parameter Markov Decision Processes (HiP-MDPs) explicitly model this structure to improve sample efficiency in multi-task settings. However, this setting makes strong assumptions on the observability of the state t...
[ "multi-task reinforcement learning", "bisimulation", "hidden-parameter mdp", "block mdp" ]
null
1,767
2007.07206
title_snapshot
FX0vR39SJ5q
Isometric Transformation Invariant and Equivariant Graph Convolutional Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=FX0vR39SJ5q
[ "Masanobu Horie", "Naoki Morita", "Toshiaki Hishinuma", "Yu Ihara", "Naoto Mitsume" ]
Poster
null
Graphs are one of the most important data structures for representing pairwise relations between objects. Specifically, a graph embedded in a Euclidean space is essential to solving real problems, such as physical simulations. A crucial requirement for applying graphs in Euclidean spaces to physical simulations is lear...
[ "Machine Learning", "Graph Neural Network", "Invariance", "Equivariance", "Simulation", "Mesh" ]
null
1,757
2005.06316
title_snapshot
P6_q1BRxY8Q
Learning Safe Multi-agent Control with Decentralized Neural Barrier Certificates
https://openreview.net/forum?id=P6_q1BRxY8Q
[ "Zengyi Qin", "Kaiqing Zhang", "Yuxiao Chen", "Jingkai Chen", "Chuchu Fan" ]
Poster
null
We study the multi-agent safe control problem where agents should avoid collisions to static obstacles and collisions with each other while reaching their goals. Our core idea is to learn the multi-agent control policy jointly with learning the control barrier functions as safety certificates. We propose a new joint-l...
[ "Multi-agent", "safe", "control barrier function", "reinforcement learning" ]
null
1,756
2101.05436
title_snapshot
KUDUoRsEphu
Learning Incompressible Fluid Dynamics from Scratch - Towards Fast, Differentiable Fluid Models that Generalize
https://openreview.net/forum?id=KUDUoRsEphu
[ "Nils Wandel", "Michael Weinmann", "Reinhard Klein" ]
Spotlight
null
Fast and stable fluid simulations are an essential prerequisite for applications ranging from computer-generated imagery to computer-aided design in research and development. However, solving the partial differential equations of incompressible fluids is a challenging task and traditional numerical approximation scheme...
[ "Unsupervised Learning", "Fluid Dynamics", "U-Net" ]
null
1,754
2006.08762
title_snapshot
xCxXwTzx4L1
ChipNet: Budget-Aware Pruning with Heaviside Continuous Approximations
https://openreview.net/forum?id=xCxXwTzx4L1
[ "Rishabh Tiwari", "Udbhav Bamba", "Arnav Chavan", "Deepak Gupta" ]
Poster
null
Structured pruning methods are among the effective strategies for extracting small resource-efficient convolutional neural networks from their dense counterparts with minimal loss in accuracy. However, most existing methods still suffer from one or more limitations, that include 1) the need for training the dense model...
[ "Structured Pruning", "Budget-Aware Pruning", "Budget constraints", "Sparsity Learning" ]
null
1,752
2102.07156
title_snapshot
Drynvt7gg4L
AdaSpeech: Adaptive Text to Speech for Custom Voice
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Drynvt7gg4L
[ "Mingjian Chen", "Xu Tan", "Bohan Li", "Yanqing Liu", "Tao Qin", "sheng zhao", "Tie-Yan Liu" ]
Poster
null
Custom voice, a specific text to speech (TTS) service in commercial speech platforms, aims to adapt a source TTS model to synthesize personal voice for a target speaker using few speech from her/him. Custom voice presents two unique challenges for TTS adaptation: 1) to support diverse customers, the adaptation model ne...
[ "Text to speech", "adaptation", "fine-tuning", "custom voice", "acoustic condition modeling", "conditional layer normalization" ]
null
1,751
2103.00993
title_snapshot
YLewtnvKgR7
Estimating and Evaluating Regression Predictive Uncertainty in Deep Object Detectors
https://openreview.net/forum?id=YLewtnvKgR7
[ "Ali Harakeh", "Steven L. Waslander" ]
Poster
null
Predictive uncertainty estimation is an essential next step for the reliable deployment of deep object detectors in safety-critical tasks. In this work, we focus on estimating predictive distributions for bounding box regression output with variance networks. We show that in the context of object detection, training va...
[ "Object Detection", "Predictive Uncertainty Estimation", "Proper Scoring Rules", "Variance Networks", "Energy Score", "Computer Vision" ]
null
1,741
2101.05036
title_snapshot
QubpWYfdNry
Domain-Robust Visual Imitation Learning with Mutual Information Constraints
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QubpWYfdNry
[ "Edoardo Cetin", "Oya Celiktutan" ]
Poster
null
Human beings are able to understand objectives and learn by simply observing others perform a task. Imitation learning methods aim to replicate such capabilities, however, they generally depend on access to a full set of optimal states and actions taken with the agent's actuators and from the agent's point of view. In ...
[ "Imitation Learning", "Reinforcement Learning", "Observational Imitation", "Third-Person Imitation", "Mutual Information", "Domain Adaption", "Machine Learning" ]
null
1,735
2103.05079
title_snapshot
e12NDM7wkEY
Clustering-friendly Representation Learning via Instance Discrimination and Feature Decorrelation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=e12NDM7wkEY
[ "Yaling Tao", "Kentaro Takagi", "Kouta Nakata" ]
Poster
null
Clustering is one of the most fundamental tasks in machine learning. Recently, deep clustering has become a major trend in clustering techniques. Representation learning often plays an important role in the effectiveness of deep clustering, and thus can be a principal cause of performance degradation. In this paper, we...
[ "clustering", "representation learning", "deep embedding" ]
null
1,734
2106.00131
title_snapshot
rumv7QmLUue
A Gradient Flow Framework For Analyzing Network Pruning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=rumv7QmLUue
[ "Ekdeep Singh Lubana", "Robert P. Dick" ]
Spotlight
null
Recent network pruning methods focus on pruning models early-on in training. To estimate the impact of removing a parameter, these methods use importance measures that were originally designed to prune trained models. Despite lacking justification for their use early-on in training, such measures result in surprisingly...
[ "Network pruning", "Gradient flow", "Early pruning" ]
null
1,732
2009.11839
title_snapshot
9GsFOUyUPi
Progressive Skeletonization: Trimming more fat from a network at initialization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=9GsFOUyUPi
[ "Pau de Jorge", "Amartya Sanyal", "Harkirat Behl", "Philip Torr", "Grégory Rogez", "Puneet K. Dokania" ]
Poster
null
Recent studies have shown that skeletonization (pruning parameters) of networks at initialization provides all the practical benefits of sparsity both at inference and training time, while only marginally degrading their performance. However, we observe that beyond a certain level of sparsity (approx 95%), these approa...
[ "Pruning", "Pruning at initialization", "Sparsity" ]
null
1,729
2006.09081
title_snapshot
8Sqhl-nF50
On the Curse of Memory in Recurrent Neural Networks: Approximation and Optimization Analysis
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8Sqhl-nF50
[ "Zhong Li", "Jiequn Han", "Weinan E", "Qianxiao Li" ]
Poster
null
We study the approximation properties and optimization dynamics of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) when applied to learn input-output relationships in temporal data. We consider the simple but representative setting of using continuous-time linear RNNs to learn from data generated by linear relationships. Mathematical...
[ "recurrent neural network", "dynamical system", "universal approximation", "optimization", "curse of memory" ]
null
1,725
2009.07799
title_snapshot
7aogOj_VYO0
Do not Let Privacy Overbill Utility: Gradient Embedding Perturbation for Private Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=7aogOj_VYO0
[ "Da Yu", "Huishuai Zhang", "Wei Chen", "Tie-Yan Liu" ]
Poster
null
The privacy leakage of the model about the training data can be bounded in the differential privacy mechanism. However, for meaningful privacy parameters, a differentially private model degrades the utility drastically when the model comprises a large number of trainable parameters. In this paper, we propose an algori...
[ "privacy preserving machine learning", "differentially private deep learning", "gradient redundancy" ]
null
1,722
2102.12677
title_snapshot
z5Z023VBmDZ
More or Less: When and How to Build Convolutional Neural Network Ensembles
https://openreview.net/forum?id=z5Z023VBmDZ
[ "Abdul Wasay", "Stratos Idreos" ]
Poster
null
Convolutional neural networks are utilized to solve increasingly more complex problems and with more data. As a result, researchers and practitioners seek to scale the representational power of such models by adding more parameters. However, increasing parameters requires additional critical resources in terms of memo...
[ "ensemble learning", "empirical study", "machine learning systems", "computer vision" ]
null
1,719
null
null
ks5nebunVn_
Towards Robustness Against Natural Language Word Substitutions
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ks5nebunVn_
[ "Xinshuai Dong", "Anh Tuan Luu", "Rongrong Ji", "Hong Liu" ]
Spotlight
null
Robustness against word substitutions has a well-defined and widely acceptable form, i.e., using semantically similar words as substitutions, and thus it is considered as a fundamental stepping-stone towards broader robustness in natural language processing. Previous defense methods capture word substitutions in vector...
[ "Natural Language Processing", "Adversarial Defense" ]
null
1,717
2107.13541
title_snapshot
3RLN4EPMdYd
Revisiting Hierarchical Approach for Persistent Long-Term Video Prediction
https://openreview.net/forum?id=3RLN4EPMdYd
[ "Wonkwang Lee", "Whie Jung", "Han Zhang", "Ting Chen", "Jing Yu Koh", "Thomas Huang", "Hyungsuk Yoon", "Honglak Lee", "Seunghoon Hong" ]
Poster
null
Learning to predict the long-term future of video frames is notoriously challenging due to the inherent ambiguities in a distant future and dramatic amplification of prediction error over time. Despite the recent advances in the literature, existing approaches are limited to moderately short-term prediction (less than ...
[ "Video prediction", "generative model", "long-term prediction" ]
null
1,712
2104.06697
title_snapshot
jEYKjPE1xYN
Symmetry-Aware Actor-Critic for 3D Molecular Design
https://openreview.net/forum?id=jEYKjPE1xYN
[ "Gregor N. C. Simm", "Robert Pinsler", "Gábor Csányi", "José Miguel Hernández-Lobato" ]
Poster
null
Automating molecular design using deep reinforcement learning (RL) has the potential to greatly accelerate the search for novel materials. Despite recent progress on leveraging graph representations to design molecules, such methods are fundamentally limited by the lack of three-dimensional (3D) information. In light o...
[ "deep reinforcement learning", "molecular design", "covariant neural networks" ]
null
1,710
2011.12747
title_snapshot
vQzcqQWIS0q
Learnable Embedding sizes for Recommender Systems
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vQzcqQWIS0q
[ "Siyi Liu", "Chen Gao", "Yihong Chen", "Depeng Jin", "Yong Li" ]
Poster
null
The embedding-based representation learning is commonly used in deep learning recommendation models to map the raw sparse features to dense vectors. The traditional embedding manner that assigns a uniform size to all features has two issues. First, the numerous features inevitably lead to a gigantic embedding table tha...
[ "Recommender Systems", "Deep Learning", "Embedding Size" ]
null
1,708
2101.07577
title_snapshot
R4aWTjmrEKM
Iterative Empirical Game Solving via Single Policy Best Response
https://openreview.net/forum?id=R4aWTjmrEKM
[ "Max Smith", "Thomas Anthony", "Michael Wellman" ]
Spotlight
null
Policy-Space Response Oracles (PSRO) is a general algorithmic framework for learning policies in multiagent systems by interleaving empirical game analysis with deep reinforcement learning (DRL). At each iteration, DRL is invoked to train a best response to a mixture of opponent policies. The repeated application of DR...
[ "Empirical Game Theory", "Reinforcement Learning", "Multiagent Learning" ]
null
1,701
2106.01901
title_snapshot
pAbm1qfheGk
Learning Neural Generative Dynamics for Molecular Conformation Generation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pAbm1qfheGk
[ "Minkai Xu", "Shitong Luo", "Yoshua Bengio", "Jian Peng", "Jian Tang" ]
Poster
null
We study how to generate molecule conformations (i.e., 3D structures) from a molecular graph. Traditional methods, such as molecular dynamics, sample conformations via computationally expensive simulations. Recently, machine learning methods have shown great potential by training on a large collection of conformation d...
[ "Molecular conformation generation", "deep generative models", "continuous normalizing flow", "energy-based models" ]
null
1,699
2102.10240
title_snapshot
NjF772F4ZZR
Learning the Pareto Front with Hypernetworks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=NjF772F4ZZR
[ "Aviv Navon", "Aviv Shamsian", "Ethan Fetaya", "Gal Chechik" ]
Poster
null
Multi-objective optimization (MOO) problems are prevalent in machine learning. These problems have a set of optimal solutions, called the Pareto front, where each point on the front represents a different trade-off between possibly conflicting objectives. Recent MOO methods can target a specific desired ray in loss spa...
[ "Multi-objective optimization", "multi-task learning" ]
null
1,698
2010.04104
title_snapshot
Y87Ri-GNHYu
Ask Your Humans: Using Human Instructions to Improve Generalization in Reinforcement Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Y87Ri-GNHYu
[ "Valerie Chen", "Abhinav Gupta", "Kenneth Marino" ]
Poster
null
Complex, multi-task problems have proven to be difficult to solve efficiently in a sparse-reward reinforcement learning setting. In order to be sample efficient, multi-task learning requires reuse and sharing of low-level policies. To facilitate the automatic decomposition of hierarchical tasks, we propose the use of s...
[]
null
1,692
2011.00517
title_snapshot
ZW0yXJyNmoG
Taming GANs with Lookahead-Minmax
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ZW0yXJyNmoG
[ "Tatjana Chavdarova", "Matteo Pagliardini", "Sebastian U Stich", "François Fleuret", "Martin Jaggi" ]
Poster
null
Generative Adversarial Networks are notoriously challenging to train. The underlying minmax optimization is highly susceptible to the variance of the stochastic gradient and the rotational component of the associated game vector field. To tackle these challenges, we propose the Lookahead algorithm for minmax optimizati...
[ "Minmax", "Generative Adversarial Networks" ]
null
1,684
2006.14567
title_snapshot
1Jv6b0Zq3qi
Uncertainty in Gradient Boosting via Ensembles
https://openreview.net/forum?id=1Jv6b0Zq3qi
[ "Andrey Malinin", "Liudmila Prokhorenkova", "Aleksei Ustimenko" ]
Poster
null
For many practical, high-risk applications, it is essential to quantify uncertainty in a model's predictions to avoid costly mistakes. While predictive uncertainty is widely studied for neural networks, the topic seems to be under-explored for models based on gradient boosting. However, gradient boosting often achieves...
[ "uncertainty", "ensembles", "gradient boosting", "decision trees", "knowledge uncertainty" ]
null
1,680
2006.10562
title_snapshot
eLfqMl3z3lq
Adversarial score matching and improved sampling for image generation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=eLfqMl3z3lq
[ "Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau", "Rémi Piché-Taillefer", "Ioannis Mitliagkas", "Remi Tachet des Combes" ]
Poster
null
Denoising Score Matching with Annealed Langevin Sampling (DSM-ALS) has recently found success in generative modeling. The approach works by first training a neural network to estimate the score of a distribution, and then using Langevin dynamics to sample from the data distribution assumed by the score network. Despite...
[ "adversarial", "score matching", "Langevin dynamics", "GAN", "generative model" ]
null
1,676
2009.05475
title_snapshot
piLPYqxtWuA
FastSpeech 2: Fast and High-Quality End-to-End Text to Speech
https://openreview.net/forum?id=piLPYqxtWuA
[ "Yi Ren", "Chenxu Hu", "Xu Tan", "Tao Qin", "Sheng Zhao", "Zhou Zhao", "Tie-Yan Liu" ]
Poster
null
Non-autoregressive text to speech (TTS) models such as FastSpeech can synthesize speech significantly faster than previous autoregressive models with comparable quality. The training of FastSpeech model relies on an autoregressive teacher model for duration prediction (to provide more information as input) and knowledg...
[ "text to speech", "speech synthesis", "non-autoregressive generation", "one-to-many mapping", "end-to-end" ]
null
1,673
2006.04558
title_snapshot
DEa4JdMWRHp
Interpretable Models for Granger Causality Using Self-explaining Neural Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=DEa4JdMWRHp
[ "Ričards Marcinkevičs", "Julia E Vogt" ]
Poster
null
Exploratory analysis of time series data can yield a better understanding of complex dynamical systems. Granger causality is a practical framework for analysing interactions in sequential data, applied in a wide range of domains. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for inferring multivariate Granger causality u...
[ "time series", "Granger causality", "interpretability", "inference", "neural networks" ]
null
1,672
2101.07600
title_snapshot
sy4Kg_ZQmS7
Learning Deep Features in Instrumental Variable Regression
https://openreview.net/forum?id=sy4Kg_ZQmS7
[ "Liyuan Xu", "Yutian Chen", "Siddarth Srinivasan", "Nando de Freitas", "Arnaud Doucet", "Arthur Gretton" ]
Poster
null
Instrumental variable (IV) regression is a standard strategy for learning causal relationships between confounded treatment and outcome variables from observational data by using an instrumental variable, which affects the outcome only through the treatment. In classical IV regression, learning proceeds in two stages: ...
[ "Causal Inference", "Instrumental Variable Regression", "Deep Learning", "Reinforcement Learning" ]
null
1,670
2010.07154
title_snapshot
z9k8BWL-_2u
Statistical inference for individual fairness
https://openreview.net/forum?id=z9k8BWL-_2u
[ "Subha Maity", "Songkai Xue", "Mikhail Yurochkin", "Yuekai Sun" ]
Poster
null
As we rely on machine learning (ML) models to make more consequential decisions, the issue of ML models perpetuating unwanted social biases has come to the fore of the public's and the research community's attention. In this paper, we focus on the problem of detecting violations of individual fairness in ML models. We ...
[]
null
1,665
2103.16714
title_snapshot
o_V-MjyyGV_
Self-Supervised Policy Adaptation during Deployment
https://openreview.net/forum?id=o_V-MjyyGV_
[ "Nicklas Hansen", "Rishabh Jangir", "Yu Sun", "Guillem Alenyà", "Pieter Abbeel", "Alexei A Efros", "Lerrel Pinto", "Xiaolong Wang" ]
Spotlight
null
In most real world scenarios, a policy trained by reinforcement learning in one environment needs to be deployed in another, potentially quite different environment. However, generalization across different environments is known to be hard. A natural solution would be to keep training after deployment in the new enviro...
[ "reinforcement learning", "robotics", "self-supervised learning", "generalization", "sim2real" ]
null
1,664
2007.04309
title_snapshot
AY8zfZm0tDd
Randomized Ensembled Double Q-Learning: Learning Fast Without a Model
https://openreview.net/forum?id=AY8zfZm0tDd
[ "Xinyue Chen", "Che Wang", "Zijian Zhou", "Keith W. Ross" ]
Poster
null
Using a high Update-To-Data (UTD) ratio, model-based methods have recently achieved much higher sample efficiency than previous model-free methods for continuous-action DRL benchmarks. In this paper, we introduce a simple model-free algorithm, Randomized Ensembled Double Q-Learning (REDQ), and show that its performance...
[ "Artificial Integlligence", "Machine Learning", "Deep Reinforcement Learning" ]
null
1,662
2101.05982
title_snapshot
ADWd4TJO13G
Lifelong Learning of Compositional Structures
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ADWd4TJO13G
[ "Jorge A Mendez", "ERIC EATON" ]
Poster
null
A hallmark of human intelligence is the ability to construct self-contained chunks of knowledge and adequately reuse them in novel combinations for solving different yet structurally related problems. Learning such compositional structures has been a significant challenge for artificial systems, due to the combinatoria...
[ "lifelong learning", "continual learning", "compositional learning", "modular networks" ]
null
1,652
2007.07732
title_snapshot
Rcmk0xxIQV
QPLEX: Duplex Dueling Multi-Agent Q-Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Rcmk0xxIQV
[ "Jianhao Wang", "Zhizhou Ren", "Terry Liu", "Yang Yu", "Chongjie Zhang" ]
Poster
null
We explore value-based multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in the popular paradigm of centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE). CTDE has an important concept, Individual-Global-Max (IGM) principle, which requires the consistency between joint and local action selections to support efficient local ...
[ "Multi-agent reinforcement learning", "Value factorization", "Dueling structure" ]
null
1,649
2008.01062
title_snapshot
--gvHfE3Xf5
Meta-Learning of Structured Task Distributions in Humans and Machines
https://openreview.net/forum?id=--gvHfE3Xf5
[ "Sreejan Kumar", "Ishita Dasgupta", "Jonathan Cohen", "Nathaniel Daw", "Thomas Griffiths" ]
Poster
null
In recent years, meta-learning, in which a model is trained on a family of tasks (i.e. a task distribution), has emerged as an approach to training neural networks to perform tasks that were previously assumed to require structured representations, making strides toward closing the gap between humans and machines. Howe...
[ "meta-learning", "human cognition", "reinforcement learning", "compositionality" ]
null
1,648
2010.02317
title_snapshot
YTWGvpFOQD-
Differentially Private Learning Needs Better Features (or Much More Data)
https://openreview.net/forum?id=YTWGvpFOQD-
[ "Florian Tramer", "Dan Boneh" ]
Spotlight
null
We demonstrate that differentially private machine learning has not yet reached its ''AlexNet moment'' on many canonical vision tasks: linear models trained on handcrafted features significantly outperform end-to-end deep neural networks for moderate privacy budgets. To exceed the performance of handcrafted features, w...
[ "Differential Privacy", "Privacy", "Deep Learning" ]
null
1,641
2011.11660
title_snapshot
8X2eaSZxTP
PC2WF: 3D Wireframe Reconstruction from Raw Point Clouds
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8X2eaSZxTP
[ "Yujia Liu", "Stefano D'Aronco", "Konrad Schindler", "Jan Dirk Wegner" ]
Poster
null
We introduce PC2WF, the first end-to-end trainable deep network architecture to convert a 3D point cloud into a wireframe model. The network takes as input an unordered set of 3D points sampled from the surface of some object, and outputs a wireframe of that object, i.e., a sparse set of corner points linked by line se...
[ "deep neural network", "3d point cloud", "wireframe model" ]
null
1,636
2103.02766
title_snapshot
dYeAHXnpWJ4
Rethinking the Role of Gradient-based Attribution Methods for Model Interpretability
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dYeAHXnpWJ4
[ "Suraj Srinivas", "Francois Fleuret" ]
Oral
null
Current methods for the interpretability of discriminative deep neural networks commonly rely on the model's input-gradients, i.e., the gradients of the output logits w.r.t. the inputs. The common assumption is that these input-gradients contain information regarding $p_{\theta} ( y\mid \mathbf{x} )$, the model's discr...
[ "Interpretability", "saliency maps", "score-matching" ]
null
1,633
2006.09128
title_snapshot
9l0K4OM-oXE
Neural Attention Distillation: Erasing Backdoor Triggers from Deep Neural Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=9l0K4OM-oXE
[ "Yige Li", "Xixiang Lyu", "Nodens Koren", "Lingjuan Lyu", "Bo Li", "Xingjun Ma" ]
Poster
null
Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known vulnerable to backdoor attacks, a training time attack that injects a trigger pattern into a small proportion of training data so as to control the model's prediction at the test time. Backdoor attacks are notably dangerous since they do not affect the model's performance on clean ...
[ "Backdoor Defense", "Deep Neural Networks", "Neural Attention Distillation" ]
null
1,631
2101.05930
title_snapshot
uCQfPZwRaUu
Data-Efficient Reinforcement Learning with Self-Predictive Representations
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uCQfPZwRaUu
[ "Max Schwarzer", "Ankesh Anand", "Rishab Goel", "R Devon Hjelm", "Aaron Courville", "Philip Bachman" ]
Spotlight
null
While deep reinforcement learning excels at solving tasks where large amounts of data can be collected through virtually unlimited interaction with the environment, learning from limited interaction remains a key challenge. We posit that an agent can learn more efficiently if we augment reward maximization with self-su...
[ "Reinforcement Learning", "Self-Supervised Learning", "Representation Learning", "Sample Efficiency" ]
null
1,629
2007.05929
title_snapshot
hiq1rHO8pNT
HyperGrid Transformers: Towards A Single Model for Multiple Tasks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hiq1rHO8pNT
[ "Yi Tay", "Zhe Zhao", "Dara Bahri", "Donald Metzler", "Da-Cheng Juan" ]
Poster
null
Achieving state-of-the-art performance on natural language understanding tasks typically relies on fine-tuning a fresh model for every task. Consequently, this approach leads to a higher overall parameter cost, along with higher technical maintenance for serving multiple models. Learning a single multi-task model that ...
[ "Transformers", "Multi-Task Learning" ]
null
1,622
null
null
qVyeW-grC2k
Long Range Arena : A Benchmark for Efficient Transformers
https://openreview.net/forum?id=qVyeW-grC2k
[ "Yi Tay", "Mostafa Dehghani", "Samira Abnar", "Yikang Shen", "Dara Bahri", "Philip Pham", "Jinfeng Rao", "Liu Yang", "Sebastian Ruder", "Donald Metzler" ]
Poster
null
Transformers do not scale very well to long sequence lengths largely because of quadratic self-attention complexity. In the recent months, a wide spectrum of efficient, fast Transformers have been proposed to tackle this problem, more often than not claiming superior or comparable model quality to vanilla Transformer m...
[ "Transformers", "Attention", "Deep Learning" ]
null
1,616
2011.04006
title_snapshot
j1RMMKeP2gR
Acting in Delayed Environments with Non-Stationary Markov Policies
https://openreview.net/forum?id=j1RMMKeP2gR
[ "Esther Derman", "Gal Dalal", "Shie Mannor" ]
Poster
null
The standard Markov Decision Process (MDP) formulation hinges on the assumption that an action is executed immediately after it was chosen. However, assuming it is often unrealistic and can lead to catastrophic failures in applications such as robotic manipulation, cloud computing, and finance. We introduce a framework...
[ "reinforcement learning", "delay" ]
null
1,615
2101.11992
title_snapshot
q_S44KLQ_Aa
Neurally Augmented ALISTA
https://openreview.net/forum?id=q_S44KLQ_Aa
[ "Freya Behrens", "Jonathan Sauder", "Peter Jung" ]
Poster
null
It is well-established that many iterative sparse reconstruction algorithms can be unrolled to yield a learnable neural network for improved empirical performance. A prime example is learned ISTA (LISTA) where weights, step sizes and thresholds are learned from training data. Recently, Analytic LISTA (ALISTA) has been...
[ "compressed sensing", "sparse reconstruction", "unrolled algorithms", "learned ISTA" ]
null
1,614
2010.01930
title_snapshot
vhKe9UFbrJo
Relating by Contrasting: A Data-efficient Framework for Multimodal Generative Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vhKe9UFbrJo
[ "Yuge Shi", "Brooks Paige", "Philip Torr", "Siddharth N" ]
Poster
null
Multimodal learning for generative models often refers to the learning of abstract concepts from the commonality of information in multiple modalities, such as vision and language. While it has proven effective for learning generalisable representations, the training of such models often requires a large amount of rela...
[ "Deep generative model", "multi-modal learning", "representation learning" ]
null
1,601
2007.01179
title_snapshot
-GLNZeVDuik
Categorical Normalizing Flows via Continuous Transformations
https://openreview.net/forum?id=-GLNZeVDuik
[ "Phillip Lippe", "Efstratios Gavves" ]
Poster
null
Despite their popularity, to date, the application of normalizing flows on categorical data stays limited. The current practice of using dequantization to map discrete data to a continuous space is inapplicable as categorical data has no intrinsic order. Instead, categorical data have complex and latent relations that ...
[ "Normalizing Flows", "Density Estimation", "Graph Generation" ]
null
1,592
2006.09790
title_snapshot
aCgLmfhIy_f
Prototypical Representation Learning for Relation Extraction
https://openreview.net/forum?id=aCgLmfhIy_f
[ "Ning Ding", "Xiaobin Wang", "Yao Fu", "Guangwei Xu", "Rui Wang", "Pengjun Xie", "Ying Shen", "Fei Huang", "Hai-Tao Zheng", "Rui Zhang" ]
Poster
null
Recognizing relations between entities is a pivotal task of relational learning. Learning relation representations from distantly-labeled datasets is difficult because of the abundant label noise and complicated expressions in human language. This paper aims to learn predictive, interpretable, and robust relation r...
[ "NLP", "Relation Extraction", "Representation Learning" ]
null
1,588
2103.11647
title_snapshot
0PtUPB9z6qK
Generalized Energy Based Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=0PtUPB9z6qK
[ "Michael Arbel", "Liang Zhou", "Arthur Gretton" ]
Poster
null
We introduce the Generalized Energy Based Model (GEBM) for generative modelling. These models combine two trained components: a base distribution (generally an implicit model), which can learn the support of data with low intrinsic dimension in a high dimensional space; and an energy function, to refine the probabilit...
[ "Sampling", "MCMC", "Generative Models", "Adversarial training", "Optimization", "Density estimation" ]
null
1,585
2003.05033
title_snapshot
Y9McSeEaqUh
Predicting Classification Accuracy When Adding New Unobserved Classes
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Y9McSeEaqUh
[ "Yuli Slavutsky", "Yuval Benjamini" ]
Poster
null
Multiclass classifiers are often designed and evaluated only on a sample from the classes on which they will eventually be applied. Hence, their final accuracy remains unknown. In this work we study how a classifier’s performance over the initial class sample can be used to extrapolate its expected accuracy on a larger...
[ "multiclass classification", "classification", "extrapolation", "accuracy", "ROC" ]
null
1,583
2010.15011
title_snapshot
lQdXeXDoWtI
In Search of Lost Domain Generalization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=lQdXeXDoWtI
[ "Ishaan Gulrajani", "David Lopez-Paz" ]
Poster
null
The goal of domain generalization algorithms is to predict well on distributions different from those seen during training. While a myriad of domain generalization algorithms exist, inconsistencies in experimental conditions---datasets, network architectures, and model selection criteria---render fair comparisons diffi...
[ "domain generalization", "reproducible research" ]
null
1,580
2007.01434
title_snapshot
kEnBH98BGs5
Estimating informativeness of samples with Smooth Unique Information
https://openreview.net/forum?id=kEnBH98BGs5
[ "Hrayr Harutyunyan", "Alessandro Achille", "Giovanni Paolini", "Orchid Majumder", "Avinash Ravichandran", "Rahul Bhotika", "Stefano Soatto" ]
Poster
null
We define a notion of information that an individual sample provides to the training of a neural network, and we specialize it to measure both how much a sample informs the final weights and how much it informs the function computed by the weights. Though related, we show that these quantities have a qualitatively dif...
[ "sample information", "information theory", "stability theory", "ntk", "dataset summarization" ]
null
1,579
2101.06640
title_snapshot
45NZvF1UHam
Identifying Physical Law of Hamiltonian Systems via Meta-Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=45NZvF1UHam
[ "Seungjun Lee", "Haesang Yang", "Woojae Seong" ]
Poster
null
Hamiltonian mechanics is an effective tool to represent many physical processes with concise yet well-generalized mathematical expressions. A well-modeled Hamiltonian makes it easy for researchers to analyze and forecast many related phenomena that are governed by the same physical law. However, in general, identifying...
[ "Learning physical laws", "meta-learning", "Hamiltonian systems" ]
null
1,571
2102.11544
title_snapshot
dyjPVUc2KB
Adapting to Reward Progressivity via Spectral Reinforcement Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dyjPVUc2KB
[ "Michael Dann", "John Thangarajah" ]
Poster
null
In this paper we consider reinforcement learning tasks with progressive rewards; that is, tasks where the rewards tend to increase in magnitude over time. We hypothesise that this property may be problematic for value-based deep reinforcement learning agents, particularly if the agent must first succeed in relatively u...
[ "Reinforcement Learning", "Deep Reinforcement Learning" ]
null
1,570
2104.14138
title_snapshot
rsogjAnYs4z
Understanding the effects of data parallelism and sparsity on neural network training
https://openreview.net/forum?id=rsogjAnYs4z
[ "Namhoon Lee", "Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan", "Philip Torr", "Martin Jaggi" ]
Poster
null
We study two factors in neural network training: data parallelism and sparsity; here, data parallelism means processing training data in parallel using distributed systems (or equivalently increasing batch size), so that training can be accelerated; for sparsity, we refer to pruning parameters in a neural network model...
[ "data parallelism", "sparsity", "neural network training" ]
null
1,569
2003.11316
title_snapshot
TtYSU29zgR
Primal Wasserstein Imitation Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=TtYSU29zgR
[ "Robert Dadashi", "Leonard Hussenot", "Matthieu Geist", "Olivier Pietquin" ]
Poster
null
Imitation Learning (IL) methods seek to match the behavior of an agent with that of an expert. In the present work, we propose a new IL method based on a conceptually simple algorithm: Primal Wasserstein Imitation Learning (PWIL), which ties to the primal form of the Wasserstein distance between the expert and the agen...
[ "Reinforcement Learning", "Inverse Reinforcement Learning", "Imitation Learning", "Optimal Transport", "Wasserstein distance" ]
null
1,564
2006.04678
title_snapshot
Ptaz_zIFbX
Prediction and generalisation over directed actions by grid cells
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Ptaz_zIFbX
[ "Changmin Yu", "Timothy Behrens", "Neil Burgess" ]
Poster
null
Knowing how the effects of directed actions generalise to new situations (e.g. moving North, South, East and West, or turning left, right, etc.) is key to rapid generalisation across new situations. Markovian tasks can be characterised by a state space and a transition matrix and recent work has proposed that neural gr...
[ "Computational neuroscience", "grid cells", "normative models" ]
null
1,555
2006.03355
title_snapshot
1rxHOBjeDUW
Drop-Bottleneck: Learning Discrete Compressed Representation for Noise-Robust Exploration
https://openreview.net/forum?id=1rxHOBjeDUW
[ "Jaekyeom Kim", "Minjung Kim", "Dongyeon Woo", "Gunhee Kim" ]
Poster
null
We propose a novel information bottleneck (IB) method named Drop-Bottleneck, which discretely drops features that are irrelevant to the target variable. Drop-Bottleneck not only enjoys a simple and tractable compression objective but also additionally provides a deterministic compressed representation of the input vari...
[ "Reinforcement learning", "Information bottleneck" ]
null
1,552
2103.12300
title_snapshot
umIdUL8rMH
BOIL: Towards Representation Change for Few-shot Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=umIdUL8rMH
[ "Jaehoon Oh", "Hyungjun Yoo", "ChangHwan Kim", "Se-Young Yun" ]
Poster
null
Model Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) is one of the most representative of gradient-based meta-learning algorithms. MAML learns new tasks with a few data samples using inner updates from a meta-initialization point and learns the meta-initialization parameters with outer updates. It has recently been hypothesized that re...
[]
null
1,549
2008.08882
title_snapshot
ee6W5UgQLa
MultiModalQA: complex question answering over text, tables and images
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ee6W5UgQLa
[ "Alon Talmor", "Ori Yoran", "Amnon Catav", "Dan Lahav", "Yizhong Wang", "Akari Asai", "Gabriel Ilharco", "Hannaneh Hajishirzi", "Jonathan Berant" ]
Poster
null
When answering complex questions, people can seamlessly combine information from visual, textual and tabular sources. While interest in models that reason over multiple pieces of evidence has surged in recent years, there has been relatively little work on question answering models that reason across multiple modaliti...
[ "NLP", "Question Answering", "Dataset", "Multi-Modal", "Multi-Hop" ]
null
1,545
2104.06039
title_snapshot
EoFNy62JGd
Neural gradients are near-lognormal: improved quantized and sparse training
https://openreview.net/forum?id=EoFNy62JGd
[ "Brian Chmiel", "Liad Ben-Uri", "Moran Shkolnik", "Elad Hoffer", "Ron Banner", "Daniel Soudry" ]
Poster
null
While training can mostly be accelerated by reducing the time needed to propagate neural gradients (loss gradients with respect to the intermediate neural layer outputs) back throughout the model, most previous works focus on the quantization/pruning of weights and activations. These methods are often not applicable to...
[]
null
1,539
2006.08173
title_snapshot
e8W-hsu_q5
Group Equivariant Conditional Neural Processes
https://openreview.net/forum?id=e8W-hsu_q5
[ "Makoto Kawano", "Wataru Kumagai", "Akiyoshi Sannai", "Yusuke Iwasawa", "Yutaka Matsuo" ]
Poster
null
We present the group equivariant conditional neural process (EquivCNP), a meta-learning method with permutation invariance in a data set as in conventional conditional neural processes (CNPs), and it also has transformation equivariance in data space. Incorporating group equivariance, such as rotation and scaling equiv...
[ "Neural Processes", "Conditional Neural Processes", "Stochastic Processes", "Regression", "Group Equivariance", "Symmetry" ]
null
1,535
2102.08759
title_snapshot
3hGNqpI4WS
Deployment-Efficient Reinforcement Learning via Model-Based Offline Optimization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=3hGNqpI4WS
[ "Tatsuya Matsushima", "Hiroki Furuta", "Yutaka Matsuo", "Ofir Nachum", "Shixiang Gu" ]
Poster
null
Most reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms assume online access to the environment, in which one may readily interleave updates to the policy with experience collection using that policy. However, in many real-world applications such as health, education, dialogue agents, and robotics, the cost or potential risk of de...
[ "Reinforcement Learning", "deployment-efficiency", "offline RL", "Model-based RL" ]
null
1,529
2006.03647
title_snapshot
tnSo6VRLmT
Efficient Conformal Prediction via Cascaded Inference with Expanded Admission
https://openreview.net/forum?id=tnSo6VRLmT
[ "Adam Fisch", "Tal Schuster", "Tommi S. Jaakkola", "Regina Barzilay" ]
Poster
null
In this paper, we present a novel approach for conformal prediction (CP), in which we aim to identify a set of promising prediction candidates---in place of a single prediction. This set is guaranteed to contain a correct answer with high probability, and is well-suited for many open-ended classification tasks. In the ...
[ "conformal prediction", "uncertainty estimation", "efficient inference methods", "natural language processing", "chemistry" ]
null
1,527
2007.03114
title_snapshot
sTeoJiB4uR
Reducing the Computational Cost of Deep Generative Models with Binary Neural Networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=sTeoJiB4uR
[ "Thomas Bird", "Friso Kingma", "David Barber" ]
Poster
null
Deep generative models provide a powerful set of tools to understand real-world data. But as these models improve, they increase in size and complexity, so their computational cost in memory and execution time grows. Using binary weights in neural networks is one method which has shown promise in reducing this cost. Ho...
[ "binary", "generative", "optimization", "compression" ]
null
1,523
2010.13476
title_snapshot
0aW6lYOYB7d
Large-width functional asymptotics for deep Gaussian neural networks
https://openreview.net/forum?id=0aW6lYOYB7d
[ "Daniele Bracale", "Stefano Favaro", "Sandra Fortini", "Stefano Peluchetti" ]
Poster
null
In this paper, we consider fully connected feed-forward deep neural networks where weights and biases are independent and identically distributed according to Gaussian distributions. Extending previous results (Matthews et al., 2018a;b;Yang, 2019) we adopt a function-space perspective, i.e. we look at neural networks ...
[ "deep learning theory", "infinitely wide neural network", "Gaussian process", "stochastic process" ]
null
1,511
2102.10307
title_snapshot
9z_dNsC4B5t
MetaNorm: Learning to Normalize Few-Shot Batches Across Domains
https://openreview.net/forum?id=9z_dNsC4B5t
[ "Yingjun Du", "Xiantong Zhen", "Ling Shao", "Cees G. M. Snoek" ]
Poster
null
Batch normalization plays a crucial role when training deep neural networks. However, batch statistics become unstable with small batch sizes and are unreliable in the presence of distribution shifts. We propose MetaNorm, a simple yet effective meta-learning normalization. It tackles the aforementioned issues in a unif...
[ "Meta-learning", "batch normalization", "few-shot domain generalization" ]
null
1,508
null
null
QpNz8r_Ri2Y
Representation Balancing Offline Model-based Reinforcement Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QpNz8r_Ri2Y
[ "Byung-Jun Lee", "Jongmin Lee", "Kee-Eung Kim" ]
Poster
null
One of the main challenges in offline and off-policy reinforcement learning is to cope with the distribution shift that arises from the mismatch between the target policy and the data collection policy. In this paper, we focus on a model-based approach, particularly on learning the representation for a robust model of ...
[ "Reinforcement Learning", "Model-based Reinforcement Learning", "Offline Reinforcement Learning", "Batch Reinforcement Learning", "Off-policy policy evaluation" ]
null
1,498
null
null
AWOSz_mMAPx
Local Convergence Analysis of Gradient Descent Ascent with Finite Timescale Separation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=AWOSz_mMAPx
[ "Tanner Fiez", "Lillian J Ratliff" ]
Poster
null
We study the role that a finite timescale separation parameter $\tau$ has on gradient descent-ascent in non-convex, non-concave zero-sum games where the learning rate of player 1 is denoted by $\gamma_1$ and the learning rate of player 2 is defined to be $\gamma_2=\tau\gamma_1$. We provide a non-asymptotic construction...
[ "game theory", "continuous games", "generative adversarial networks", "theory", "gradient descent-ascent", "equilibrium", "convergence" ]
null
1,497
2009.14820
title_judge
wS0UFjsNYjn
Meta-GMVAE: Mixture of Gaussian VAE for Unsupervised Meta-Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=wS0UFjsNYjn
[ "Dong Bok Lee", "Dongchan Min", "Seanie Lee", "Sung Ju Hwang" ]
Spotlight
null
Unsupervised learning aims to learn meaningful representations from unlabeled data which can captures its intrinsic structure, that can be transferred to downstream tasks. Meta-learning, whose objective is to learn to generalize across tasks such that the learned model can rapidly adapt to a novel task, shares the spir...
[ "Unsupervised Learning", "Meta-Learning", "Unsupervised Meta-learning", "Variational Autoencoders" ]
null
1,492
null
null
E3Ys6a1NTGT
The Importance of Pessimism in Fixed-Dataset Policy Optimization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=E3Ys6a1NTGT
[ "Jacob Buckman", "Carles Gelada", "Marc G Bellemare" ]
Poster
null
We study worst-case guarantees on the expected return of fixed-dataset policy optimization algorithms. Our core contribution is a unified conceptual and mathematical framework for the study of algorithms in this regime. This analysis reveals that for naive approaches, the possibility of erroneous value overestimation l...
[ "deep learning", "reinforcement learning", "offline reinforcement learning" ]
null
1,484
2009.06799
title_snapshot
9EKHN1jOlA
Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration with Finite-State Probabilistic RNNs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=9EKHN1jOlA
[ "Cheng Wang", "Carolin Lawrence", "Mathias Niepert" ]
Poster
null
Uncertainty quantification is crucial for building reliable and trustable machine learning systems. We propose to estimate uncertainty in recurrent neural networks (RNNs) via stochastic discrete state transitions over recurrent timesteps. The uncertainty of the model can be quantified by running a prediction several ti...
[ "uncertainty estimation", "calibration", "RNN" ]
null
1,483
2011.12010
title_snapshot
jrA5GAccy_
Empirical or Invariant Risk Minimization? A Sample Complexity Perspective
https://openreview.net/forum?id=jrA5GAccy_
[ "Kartik Ahuja", "Jun Wang", "Amit Dhurandhar", "Karthikeyan Shanmugam", "Kush R. Varshney" ]
Poster
null
Recently, invariant risk minimization (IRM) was proposed as a promising solution to address out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. However, it is unclear when IRM should be preferred over the widely-employed empirical risk minimization (ERM) framework. In this work, we analyze both these frameworks from the perspect...
[ "invariant risk minimization", "IRM" ]
null
1,481
2010.16412
title_snapshot
zeFrfgyZln
Approximate Nearest Neighbor Negative Contrastive Learning for Dense Text Retrieval
https://openreview.net/forum?id=zeFrfgyZln
[ "Lee Xiong", "Chenyan Xiong", "Ye Li", "Kwok-Fung Tang", "Jialin Liu", "Paul N. Bennett", "Junaid Ahmed", "Arnold Overwijk" ]
Poster
null
Conducting text retrieval in a learned dense representation space has many intriguing advantages. Yet dense retrieval (DR) often underperforms word-based sparse retrieval. In this paper, we first theoretically show the bottleneck of dense retrieval is the domination of uninformative negatives sampled in mini-batch trai...
[ "Dense Retrieval", "Text Retrieval", "Text Representation", "Neural IR" ]
null
1,477
2007.00808
title_snapshot
0N8jUH4JMv6
Implicit Convex Regularizers of CNN Architectures: Convex Optimization of Two- and Three-Layer Networks in Polynomial Time
https://openreview.net/forum?id=0N8jUH4JMv6
[ "Tolga Ergen", "Mert Pilanci" ]
Spotlight
null
We study training of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with ReLU activations and introduce exact convex optimization formulations with a polynomial complexity with respect to the number of data samples, the number of neurons, and data dimension. More specifically, we develop a convex analytic framework utilizing sem...
[ "Convex optimization", "non-convex optimization", "group sparsity", "$\\ell_1$ norm", "convex duality", "polynomial time", "deep learning" ]
null
1,468
2006.14798
title_snapshot
YNnpaAKeCfx
FairBatch: Batch Selection for Model Fairness
https://openreview.net/forum?id=YNnpaAKeCfx
[ "Yuji Roh", "Kangwook Lee", "Steven Euijong Whang", "Changho Suh" ]
Poster
null
Training a fair machine learning model is essential to prevent demographic disparity. Existing techniques for improving model fairness require broad changes in either data preprocessing or model training, rendering themselves difficult-to-adopt for potentially already complex machine learning systems. We address this p...
[ "model fairness", "bilevel optimization", "batch selection" ]
null
1,462
2012.01696
title_snapshot
tIjRAiFmU3y
An Unsupervised Deep Learning Approach for Real-World Image Denoising
https://openreview.net/forum?id=tIjRAiFmU3y
[ "Dihan Zheng", "Sia Huat Tan", "Xiaowen Zhang", "Zuoqiang Shi", "Kaisheng Ma", "Chenglong Bao" ]
Poster
null
Designing an unsupervised image denoising approach in practical applications is a challenging task due to the complicated data acquisition process. In the real-world case, the noise distribution is so complex that the simplified additive white Gaussian (AWGN) assumption rarely holds, which significantly deteriorates th...
[ "Real-world image denoising", "unsupervised image denoising" ]
null
1,455
null
null
WesiCoRVQ15
When Optimizing $f$-Divergence is Robust with Label Noise
https://openreview.net/forum?id=WesiCoRVQ15
[ "Jiaheng Wei", "Yang Liu" ]
Poster
null
We show when maximizing a properly defined $f$-divergence measure with respect to a classifier's predictions and the supervised labels is robust with label noise. Leveraging its variational form, we derive a nice decoupling property for a family of $f$-divergence measures when label noise presents, where the divergence...
[ "$f-$divergence", "robustness", "learning with noisy labels" ]
null
1,454
2011.03687
title_snapshot