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scholarship program, and data on school enrollment and attendance from an unannounced school visit.
<!-- PAGE 5 -->
random sample of 6 [th] grade girls in the primary feeder schools to the JFPR secondary schools, or even of
Local Management Committee (LMC) of the relevant JFPR secondary school. The LMCs were then
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The World Bank's online screening tool was used to determine the project's environmental and social risk classification. Based on the nature and scale of proposed activities, the risk was classified as Substantial, triggering the application of ESS1 (Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impac... | {
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Combining almost 50, 000 responses to 11 cross-sectional surveys between 2017 and 2021, displacement is negatively associated with perceptions of social cohesion in aggregate. But at the individual level, those who report hosting displaced populations in their communities often have higher perceptions of social cohesi... | {
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**Table 6: Flood Hazard Classification and Infrastructure Design Standards**
| Return Period | Design Standard Required | Additional Measures |
|---|---|---|
| < 10-year zone | Standard design | None |
| 10–50 year zone | Elevated foundation | Drainage upgrade |
| 50–100 year zone | Flood-proofing required | Emergency... | {
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41 Note: Refugee data are from the UNHCR statistical population online dataset, accessed in September 2014. Refugee data from 2007 to 2013 include people in refugee ‐ like situations (see note, Figure 1). IDP data from 1990 to 2008 are aggregated based on Center for Systematic Peace (http: / / www. systemicpeace. org /... | {
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(2009) have shown that, in Nepal, subjective welfare is negatively associated with geographical isolation. Census data on total population and population density in each district are used as proxies for urbanization and geographical proximity: the denser the population, the less geographically isolated individuals are ... | {
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5 3. Data The data used in this paper have been collected through the Listening to Displaced People Survey (LDPS). 4 The baseline face-to-face interviews were executed between June and August 2014. The following 12 monthly interviews – from August 2014 until August 2015- were conducted using mobile phones. 5 The origin... | {
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The ESMF classifies project activities in five environmental risk tiers. Tier 1 activities — routine administrative operations with no physical footprint — require no screening documentation. Tier 2 activities — minor civil works in existing built-up areas — require completion of the ESMF screening form. Tiers 3 throug... | {
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and refugees. 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 Eritrean Somali South Sudanese Addis Ababa All Hosts Figure 7.10: Host attitudes Index Source: World Bank Staff based on SESRE 2023. Note: This index is an average of ten questions regarding beliefs about refugees’ character, the rights they should receive, and their impa... | {
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Produced by the Research Support Team Abstract The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The pa... | {
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15% 25% 12% 71% Participation (relaxed) 30% 22% 54% 60% Unemployment (relaxed) 30% 57% 21% 82% Employment-to-population ratio 21% 9% 43% 11% Source: World Bank Staff based on SESRE 2023. Note: Labor force participation ratio is the share of working-age people who are engaged in the labor market, either employed or unem... | {
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prior to the pandemic, a period characterized by less distinct time trends in the labor market. Since the focus of the paper is on the impact of COVID on labor market stock and dynamics, we also restrict the sample of interest to include only prime-aged working adults (aged 20 to 59). The dataset contains standard vari... | {
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that are at a maximum distance of 80 km from the 7, 547 clusters. 12 Figure 1 shows the locations of these refugee camps and clusters. Clusters are represented in green, while clusters in the vicinity of a refugee camp are represented in red. Refugee camps are designated with a red + sign. There are some important limi... | {
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required to purchase other basic staple foods such as salt and vegetables. Given that the WFP provisions are the only reliable rations that refugees receive, we approximate a cash transfer of 450 taka per week to at least double potential weekly consumption. Relative to the wealth refugees possess, 450 taka per week is... | {
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occupation. Regression results (see Annex D, Table D.7) also confirm that, for hosts, older and more educated people are, in addition to having higher monthly earnings, more likely to work in a high-skill occupation (managerial or professional occupations). For refugees, older and more educated people are no more likel... | {
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Produced by the Research Support Team Abstract The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The pa... | {
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35 Inputs: 1. Household Survey with consumption or income welfare aggregates 2. Project data / Other survey data without welfare aggregates 3. Set of harmonized common variables in both surveys Outputs: 1. Set of imputed welfare variables for project data / other survey for each household in the data 2. Imputed welfare... | {
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Although much more suited to geographically disaggregated analysis than other datasets, this location dataset has some limititations, It does not record changes over time in the center location and extent of conflicts, and it reports the total extent of the conflict zone without distinguishing between areas that saw re... | {
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In comparison, 39 percent of hosts and 55 percent of refugees trust both groups. Once again, hosts’ trust towards refugees is highest in the Somali domain (67 percent) and lowest in the South Sudanese domain (29 percent). On the other hand, refugee trust towards hosts is lowest in the Eritrean camps (38 percent). Resul... | {
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Secondary Figure 3.13: Share employed by age – camp hosts Source: World Bank Staff based on SESRE 2023. Jobs and Livelihoods 32 When refugees own livestock, the value and flock size of this livestock is low. Somali refugees mostly own sheep, goats, and donkeys, and compared to Somali hosts, they have smaller flock size... | {
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The study: (i) compares the socio- economic profile of refugees with that of the Syrian population before the crisis and with the hosting populations of Jordan and Lebanon; (ii) provides a welfare and vulnerability assessment of Syrian refugees including a poverty profile, the socio-economic characteristics of higher p... | {
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Before this unrest, Mali was recognized as a country with a peaceful democracy. Data gathered for conflict data sets support this reality. The Armed Conflict Location and Events Database (ACLED) shows an average of 16 conflict events reported between 2006 and 2010 compared to 278 events reported in 2011 alone (figure 1... | {
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natural log of a country ’ s population size and government consumption as a share of GDP; the latter is the most widespread measure of government size (Adsera and Boix, 2002; Alesina and Wacziarg, 1998; Rodrik, 1998). Tax compliance is also related to the government ’ s ability to effectively detect and punish tax avoi... | {
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33 recommendations (Jewkes, 2000). Their efforts contributed to the Employment of Educators Act and new Department of Education guidelines, both of which were introduced in 2000. These regulations mandate dismissal of educators found guilty of sexual or physical assault, or of having a sexual relationship with a studen... | {
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T. V., Savadogo, A., and Tanaka, T. (2021). Refugees in Chad: The Road Forward. The World Bank. Norman, T., Borjesson, M., and Anderstig, C. (2017). Labor Market Accessibility and Unemployment. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. Pape, U. J., Petrini, B., and Iqbal, S. A. (2018). Informing Durable Solutions by M... | {
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##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
Reproductive Health), reinforcing com
munity resilience through livelihoods
and access to adequate food, women's
empowerment, gender equality, and
provision of assistance and protection
services (including Gender-Based Vio
lence (GBV), children and adolesc... | {
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`o` Data was collected through phone calls made in November 2021 focusing on the families that received
assistance during the second semester of 2021.
`o` 15 enumerators supported this exercise (10 women and 5 men).
_[2 UNHCR Global Focus, available at https://reporting.unhcr.org/brazil#toc-populations](https://repor... | {
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the nearest international border but not within a radius of 20km from the Zone capital city and 10km from Woreda city. We classify level four as “remote”; that is, not located 30km from the nearest international border, not within a radius of 20km from the Zone capital city, and not 10km from Woreda city. The market ac... | {
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Figure 5: Significant Historical Crises as a Share of Total Forced Displaced 1991 – 2015 Source: UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database, UNHCR Global Trends 2015 Note: Includes IDPs protected or assisted by UNHCR, asylum-seekers and refugees. Excludes IDPs not protected or assisted by UNHCR and Palestinian refuge... | {
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##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
edits to some of the objectives and to the
timeline stipulated.
**IV. GPC Townhall**
**On October 18th a Townhall was**
**organized by the Global Protection**
**Cluster (GPC) with Field Operations.**
HRP 2024 key messages/instructions
were discussed and... | {
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2023c; Peters and Golden, 2019). Over 90 percent of South Sudanese refugees in Ethiopia are in the Gambella region, a multi-ethnic region dominated by two ethnic groups: the agro-pastoralist Anywaa (Anyuak) and pastoralist Nuer (Hagos 2021). While these groups have a long history of peaceful coexistence, they also have... | {
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These 25 were included in the surveys but have been dropped from the analysis because they were not assigned randomly. 10 The reasons given for not entering the training included: 1) they were back in school, 2) they had moved to a distant location, 3) they were seriously ill, 4) they had found full-time work, 5) they ... | {
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Afrobarometer finds that the vast majority of Malians want their country to remain a single and unified nation and that the attempt by armed groups to create a breakaway state in Mali ’ s northern territories is decisively rejected. See Afrobarometer Policy Paper 10 (Dec 2013). This difference with the Afrobarometer su... | {
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Colombian and Venezuelan migrant children and adolescents. VII Discussion In this study, we analyze novel and unique data on forcibly displaced migrants and hosts, focusing on children and adolescents, to highlight the disparities in human development between them. The structure our analysis in two parts. In the first ... | {
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Due to our research design and the complexity of introducing a third grouping who would play outgroup in the behavioral experiments regardless of partner identity, we exclude PRL from the main analyses presented here. 5 Data were also collected six months after the end of the training but this was heavily disrupted due... | {
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19 As property prices in the worst affected areas reduced the most, low income households responded by moving into low-rent housing being offered in these locations. On the other hand, middle income households moved away to avoid risk, and the wealthy, for whom insurance and self-protection was the most affordable, did... | {
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The JLMPS sample is restricted, after matching it to the 2010 school census, to individuals born in Jordan who are aged 25 to 70 in 2010 and who have nonmissing information on age, subdistrict of birth, years of schooling, father ’ s schooling, mother ’ s schooling, and local supply of schools in subdistrict of birth. ... | {
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The FAO estimates of the hunger rate combine aggregate food balance sheets for every country with
representative household consumption expenditure surveys (HCES) available for 129 developing
countries. [1] These HCES are already being used to monitor global poverty trends (Chen and Ravallion | {
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Keywords: HIV, AIDS, behavioural surveillance survey, humanitarian emergency,
conflict, post-conflict, refugee, IDP, methodology and quality
Correspondence: Paul B. Spiegel, MD, MPH, UNHCR, Case Postale 2500, Geneva 1211,
Switzerland. Tel: 41 22 739 8289. Fax: 41227397366. E-mail: spiegel@unhcr.org
ISSN 1744-1692 pri... | {
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from UNHCR items valued using SESRE prices Food expenditure (UNHCR in-kind + cash): aggregate food expenditure from UNHCR items valued using SESRE prices plus the cash equivalent transfers Annexes 126 Food aid data received from WFP Food aid information received information from the WFP includes five food items and the... | {
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2 Background Information 2. 1 Characteristics of West Bank and Gaza ’ s labor markets The labor markets of the West Bank and Gaza exhibit features typical of the broader Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, but also have attributes that are highly unique. Additionally, important differences exist between the Wes... | {
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This database lists seven categories: refugees, asylum-seekers, returned refugees, internally displaced persons (IDPs), returned IDPs, stateless persons and others of concern. For each group the database provides yearly information about their composition by loca- tion of residence and origin. We exploit only the data ... | {
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10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Hosts Refugees Hosts Refugees Hosts Refugees In camp Addis Ababa Total 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Hosts Refugees Hosts Refugees Refugees Hosts In camp Addis Ababa Total Sanitation problem Long waiting time Shortage of health professionals Too expensive Shortage/unavailability of medicines ... | {
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include the rice price — which appears with the wrong sign but is only marginally significant — and elevation and population density — which are no longer significant. Comparing Tables 7 and 5, we find that in the smaller NLSS 2002 / 3 dataset none of the anticipated consumption variables is statistically significant. Othe... | {
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No data on religiosity was collected as part of the census and a more recent and detailed household survey that includes information on time-use elicits little variation — everyone reports high mosque attendance and regular prayers. An alternative, suggested by David Evans at Harvard University, which we pursue here, i... | {
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34 Any statistics on the imputed welfare will based on the set of imputed welfares for each household. The estimator takes the form, with R denotes the number of simulation: ܪ ൌ 1 ܴ ݄ ሺݕ ሻ ோ ୀ ଵ where ݄ ሺݕሻ is a function that converts the vector y with (log) incomes for all households into a poverty measure (... | {
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Page 9 of 51 Figure 2: Prevalence of NSE by categories of occupations ISCO. (Mid-2010s) Source: Own calculations based on Household surveys When these results are analyzed by the type of NSE, we find significant differences between the trends in Part-time and Temporary employment. On the one hand, there is a stable or ... | {
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On average, the tax-to-GDP ratio in Sub-Saharan Africa is around 21 percent, compared with the OECD average of about 32 percent. In Tanzania and Uganda, the total tax share drops to about 10 percent. Historical data suggests that the tax share of many European countries did not reach 15 percent of GDP until World War I... | {
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Chew et al. (2018) use a baseline convolutional neural network model on a gridded population sampling frame to select a sample of households in Nigeria and Guatemala. The authors found this technique to be on par with human canvassing in terms of accuracy, and to outperform other machine learning models based on crowds... | {
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Wages: the earnings measure we use is the response to the question “ how much did you earn from your main job activity during the last month? ” In the LFS 2011 there is further information on how much of that income was irregular, for example a bonus payment, but the LFS 2014 no longer provides that breakdown. There is... | {
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**Annex 10: Social Assessment Summary**
Beneficiary assessments, stakeholder consultations, and a desk review of secondary sources were conducted between September and November of the preparation year to inform the social assessment. Key findings from the beneficiary assessments include: (i) 61 percent of households i... | {
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This study aims to assess the consequences of forced migration on ethnic diversity and conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa. We combine a unique dataset on refugee camps with individual data from the Afrobarometer Surveys across 23 African countries for the 2005 — 2016 period. We construct two standard measures of ethnic div... | {
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20 capacity to offer these services. Many may be at risk of violence or trafficking. These are very important aspects from the perspective of welfare economists interested in measuring well ‐ being but these measurements are complex and not usually included in multidimensional indicators of deprivation or poverty. The ... | {
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most recent year in our CRU dataset). We begin by computing average annual rainfall
and temperature for the nine datasets (CRU; 8 GCMs). Then we use a least-squares fit
generates nine benchmark annual datasets - CRU and eight GCMs - for each of the 372 | {
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**Annex 11: GIS-Supported Targeting Methodology**
Beneficiary targeting in rural subcomponents relied on GIS to overlay poverty incidence maps, displacement flow data, and existing service facility locations. Spatial clustering algorithms were applied to identify communities with the highest unmet need scores within e... | {
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A UNESCO report written during the height of Liberia ’ s second civil war reported that Liberia had one of the lowest gender parity scores globally, and girls were disproportionately represented in the number of out-of-school children in Liberia. This disruption in education presaged lifelong consequences for this coho... | {
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of Stunting among under-five Children in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Mixed-effects Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data. In BMC Pediatrics 19 (1). BioMed Central Ltd. .org/10.1186/s12887-019-1545-0 Ginn, T., Resstack, R., Dempster, H., Arnold-Femandez, E., Miller, S., Guerrero, M., and Kanyamanza, B... | {
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Wages: the earnings measure we use is the response to the question “ how much did you earn from your main job activity during the last month? ” In the LFS 2011 there is further information on how much of that income was irregular, for example a bonus payment, but the LFS 2014 no longer provides that breakdown. There is... | {
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The UNCRPD defines a person with disability “ _as those who have long-term physical, psychosocial, intellectual or sensory_
_impairments which, in interaction with various barriers, may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal_
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GIS layers depicting soil type, slope gradient, and land cover were used by the project's environmental specialist to conduct a preliminary erosion risk assessment for all proposed earthworks sites. Sites classified as having a high erosion risk under the GIS analysis were required to submit an erosion and sediment con... | {
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The Refugees and Host Communities Household Survey expanded the national Household Consumption and Informal Sector Survey to include a representative sample of refugees and host communities, including Sudanese and host communities located in the east of the country. The remainder of this note is organized as follows. S... | {
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Produced by the Research Support Team Abstract The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The pa... | {
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“relaxed” definition of labor force participation includes anyone who is available to work. The “strict” definition of labor force participation includes only those who are available to work and also actively searching for work. Employment-to- population ratio is the share of working-age people who are employed. 41 In ... | {
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Papaioannou, 2016; Berman et al., 2017; Harari and Ferrara, 2018; Eberle et al., 2020; McGuirk and Burke, 2020b). As a further robustness check, we also use data on conflict incidence and intensity from the UCDP, which uses a more conservative definition of conflict. The UCDP dataset is manually curated and compiled wi... | {
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14 people may also gain from conflict in terms of income and wealth and this may explain why some people do not move. The defining attributes of the alternative choices are very different from any other model and the task of economics is to understand what these defining attributes should be. In terms of independent va... | {
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Table 2: Ethnic composition of IDPs, refugees, returnees in the North Ethnicity IDPs in Bamako (%) Refugees Niger (%) Refugees Mauritania (%) Returnees (%) Total I + R + R (%) Ethnic composition of the North (%) Songhai 75 21- 71 43 45 Kel Tamasheq 12 56 69 12 38 32 Arab 3- 28 4 11 3 Peulh 4 21- 6 4 7 Other 6 11 3 7 4 ... | {
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The data on total gross profits and net sales acquired from the Turkish Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology are compiled from administrative taxation data and was provided upon request by the ministry. The key difference from the Chamber of Commerce data is that the sales and profits data include all businesses i... | {
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of the groups and the distances between them. For instance, (Bazzi et al., 2019) shows that polariza- tion increases ethnic attachment. Others have highlighted the reduction in trust, either interpersonal trust or institutional trust Alesina and Ferrara (2002); Beugelsdijk and Klasing (2016). To assess the importance o... | {
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60 80 100 Camp Hosts Female Camp Refugees Female Elementary occupations Machine operators/assemblers Craf/related trade workers Skilled agricultural workers Service/sales workers Clerical support workers Tech/associate professionals Managers/professionals Percent Figure 3.8: Female occupations Source: World Bank Staff ... | {
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The 355 municipalities are grouped into 25 GGD areas, each covering a population of approximately 600,000 inhabitants. The GGD borders are visible in figure 5 which visualizes the hospital admissions. The data is combined with demographic statistics (2019) obtained from the Dutch Central Bureau of Statistics.
A number... | {
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In doing so, this paper also relates to recent research using firm-level data to document effects of foreign acquisitions on firm performance, including Arnold and Javorcik (2009), Bloom et al.
In order to estimate equations (1), (2) and (3), we use data from the Orbis database
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5 interviewed (i. e., on the premises when the enumerators began their interviews) were included in this survey. Enumerators selected households within the catchment area randomly. Among households with an age-eligible child present (i. e., 0-35 months or 36-72 months), enumerators explained the purpose of the study an... | {
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8 households in each. To select a starting point the enumerator used a code of the day16 and chose every second house in rural areas and every fifth house in urban areas. The selection of individuals within the household to answer the questionnaire was conducted as follows: the head of household (male or female) was se... | {
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In contrast, the self-assessed entrepreneurial score is based on questions asking how well the respondent believes she could perform a series of six tasks related to starting or running a business, and can be considered a task-oriented measure of self-efficacy. The aggregate measure of entrepreneurial ability increased... | {
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Nevertheless, we believe that this analysis provides suggestive 13As mentioned earlier, this is per capita income for the three months prior to the ENIGH survey.
CADENA now offers weather index insurance for a variety of perils (e.g., drought, flood, hail), as well as area-based yield index insurance, which 2Sub... | {
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For a detailed definition see section 4 Household size Number of people included in the case records of each PA in Individual ProGress dataset Wage Income 1 if the household receives income from employment and / or daily or irregular work Income from remittances 1 if the household receives income from remittances Incom... | {
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obtained from the multilevel logistic model. Thus, I am confident that I did not lose substantial statistical information by dichotomizing this variable. 6. 2 Independent Variables 6. 2. 1 Socio-Demographic Variables I control for standard socio-demographic variables that can affect citizens ’ acceptance of government ’ ... | {
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These include topics like labor, finance (e. g., credit, debt, banking), agriculture / livestock / fishery, and education whereas FDP datasets are relatively rich in health, food insecurity, and water and sanitation in addition to coping strategies and protection. Furthermore, a large majority of questionnaires for the... | {
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The weight given to each province in constructing the synthetic control is based on pre-treatment outcomes. We use the pre-treatment average of the outcome dimension, Y, the unemployment rate, employment rate and the import and export per capita of the province to determine the degree of similarity between control grou... | {
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_replications. Contemporaneous cross-unit correlations are generated by computing the cross-correlations of residuals from_ _AR(I) regression of the first difference of Gross State Product for 20 U.S. states from 1963 to 1986 and of Gross Domestic_ _Product for 24 O.E. C.D. economies from 1960 to 1991._
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<!-- PAGE 10 -->
ILRI, and the World Bank (as part of the LDIA and LSMS-ISA projects [2] ) to start the survey
validation work that is documented in this paper.
2.2 _Milk production recall methods_
Using data from two microenterprise surveys in Sri Lanka, De Mel et al. (2009) find that
the same survey experiment i... | {
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market outcomes (Kotsadam and Tolonen 2016). Mining is also associated with more economic
activity measured by nightlights (Benshaul-Tolonen, 2019; Mamo et al, 2019).
Kotsadam and Tolonen (2016) use DHS data from Africa, and find that mine openings cause
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displaced due to armed conflict, situations of generalized violence and violations of human rights. 28 Data on IDPs monitored by IDMC are disaggregated and currently published separately for conflict-induced displacement and disaster-induced displacement. 29 At the country level the IOM ’ s Displacement Tracking Matrix... | {
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12 crop products (e. g., wheat, potatoes) and the value of five livestock products (i. e., milk, egg, butter, hides, and honey) sold in the market. 14 Several other data sources were utilized. First, the Ethiopian refugee camps location data set from the Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX) 15 and the total number of refug... | {
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However, should ASM respond to large-scale activities, either by increasing or decreasing activity in the close geographic area, we will end up estimating the impact of these sectors jointly. In a later stage, should the opportunity arise, we encourage researchers to try to disentangle the effects of small-scale and la... | {
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The authors argue that Croats listened to Serbian radio for its consumption value but reacted negatively to national- istic messages intended for Serbian ears. Election results and street surveys are used to elicit preference for extremist nationalist parties among Croats who are able to listen to Serbian radio and tho... | {
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12 employment status and education level also significant at 10 %. Marital status and education are important predictors of attrition. As we might expect, these imbalances suggest some threats that, if left uncorrected, could undermine the parallel trends assumption of difference-in-difference estimators. That said, we... | {
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not better positioned to work in the formal private or public sector, their participation in trade and service relates to economic 47 This analysis uses the relaxed definition to measure the current employment status of the host community and refugees. 48 As the previous chapter highlighted, most of refugees engaged in... | {
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Since the poverty headcount only reflects the proportion of poor people, it is usually complemented by a measure of the depth of deprivation, the poverty gap, which estimates the average gap between poor individuals and the poverty line. All poverty measures constructed in such a way are based on an underlying welfare ... | {
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Addis Ababa Eritrean Somali South Sudanese Addis Ababa Eritrean Somali South Sudanese Addis Ababa Has hand washing place/item Water available Detergent available Hosts Refugees Percent Figure D.15: Hand washing facility Source: World Bank Staff based on SESRE 2023. Annexes 105 Table D.5: Labor force statistics by surve... | {
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Each respondent was presented with three vignettes, where key aspects of the sce- narios were randomly varied across respondents. These three vignettes were designed to probe the impact of different pull and push factors on the refugees ’ return deci- sion, allowing us to go beyond the data limitations of the above anal... | {
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used in the Skills Profile Survey (SPS) and SESRE, we find similar patterns in some of the indicators common in both surveys among in camp refugees such as demographic composition, primary and secondary net enrollments, housing condition, access to basic infrastructures, employment and attitude of hosts toward refugees... | {
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8 permits and subsequently for the right to work. In practice, this is a long and cumbersome process and by late 2015 at most several thousand had been issued. 14 The economic impact of Syrian refugees in Turkey extends beyond changes in the potential labor supply of informal workers in important ways. There has been e... | {
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### Financial Management Risk and Mitigation
The overall FM risk is rated **Substantial** due to the multiplicity of implementing agencies and the limited capacity of district-level accountants. Key mitigation measures include: (i) appointment of a dedicated FM specialist at the central PIU; (ii) mandatory use of the ... | {
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The upcoming section provides an overview of the situation facing Venezuelan migrants in Colombia, setting the stage for understanding the context within which our study is situated. Section three offers a comprehensive description of the VenRePS-Kids study, covering aspects such as the sampling frame, the instrument u... | {
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This assistance is crucial and has been reported to support a meal a day, a better roof, and dignity for Syrians who have fled to Jordan. 8 The JD ‐ HV database has detailed information on expenditure, sources of income, and indicators of household ‐ level welfare, for example, as reflected by recourse to coping mechan... | {
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An alternative version of the database that has been mapped to the United Nations (2006, 2009) Trends in International Migrant Stock database is available from the authors. These data are standardized over time in terms of the years to which they refer. { Table 3 here} Calculating Missing Gender Splits Although common ... | {
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III THE VENREPS-KIDS STUDY In this section, we offer a detailed overview of the VenRePs-kids Study, covering its de- sign, implementation, the questionnaire utilized, and the primary outcomes that will be employed to evaluate the human development disparities between forcibly displaced children and adolescents and thei... | {
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Anderson, J. (2011): “ The Gravity Model, ” Annual Review in Economics, 3 (1), 133 – 160. Angrist and Pischke (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics, Princeton University Press. AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency of Turkey) (2013). Syrian Refugees in Turkey, 2013: Field Survey Results. Republic of Turkey ... | {
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Formula (5) can be decomposed into two parts: eδs, which measures the average income level in district s, and eηszh ≡ eβs (Eh s − Es) + eχs (Hh s − Hs) which captures individual-specific variation in income. Migration models predict that, other things being equal, the choice of migration destination should depend on g E... | {
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