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microstructural S-CONPRI
investigation O
, O
wherein O
the O
non-planar O
interfacial O
morphology S-CONPRI
is O
characterized O
on O
the O
track-scale O
( O
centimeter O
scale O
) O
using O
X-ray B-CHAR
computed I-CHAR
tomography E-CHAR
and O
the O
material S-MATE
deformation S-CONPRI
history O
is O
explored O
by O
microstructure S-CONPRI
mapping O
at O
the O
interfacial O
regions O
. O
X-ray B-CHAR
computed I-CHAR
tomography E-CHAR
reveals O
unique O
3D S-CONPRI
features O
at O
the O
interface S-CONPRI
with O
significant O
macroscopic S-CONPRI
material O
mixing S-CONPRI
. O
In O
the O
out-of-plane O
direction O
, O
the O
deposited O
material S-MATE
inserts S-MACEQ
below O
the O
initial O
substrate S-MATE
surface O
in O
the O
feed-rod O
zone O
, O
while O
the O
substrate S-MATE
surface O
surges O
upwards O
in O
the O
tool S-MACEQ
protrusion-affected O
zone O
. O
Complex O
3D B-CONPRI
structures E-CONPRI
like O
fins O
and O
serrations O
form O
on O
the O
advancing O