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27,548 | # Supermarine
## History
### Supermarine Spitfire {#supermarine_spitfire}
In 1930, the Air Ministry began formulating the requirements for an advanced high-performance fighter which were spelled out in specification F.7/30, which was in turn issued in the autumn of 1931 to a number of aircraft manufacturers. Among th... | 434 | Supermarine | 8 |
27,548 | # Supermarine
## History
### Increasing production capacity {#increasing_production_capacity}
At the time of receiving its first order for the Spitfire the company did not have the management skills, organisation tools and physical space as this one order was more than double the total number of aircraft they had bui... | 1,010 | Supermarine | 9 |
27,548 | # Supermarine
## History
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
In 1940 Bird retired as general manager and was superseded by W.T. Elliot.
Upon the commencement of the war to protect the Supermarine factory at Woolston, anti-aircraft guns were placed at Peartree Green, the Railway Bridge and Taggarts Wharf.
At the time c... | 656 | Supermarine | 10 |
27,548 | # Supermarine
## History
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
#### Complete dispersal of production {#complete_dispersal_of_production}
By this time the new factory at Castle Bromwich was producing Spitfires, but with a desperate need for more aircraft Lord Beaverbrook, the Minister of Aircraft Production (MAP), visited ... | 1,228 | Supermarine | 11 |
27,548 | # Supermarine
## History
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
#### New designs {#new_designs}
Joe Smith was confident that the Spitfire had great development potential and was successful in obtaining the maximum capability from the Spitfire and its naval version the Seafire through numerous variants, including the introd... | 494 | Supermarine | 12 |
27,548 | # Supermarine
## Memorials
The former Woolston Works is today the site of an aggregate unloading wharf and an apartment block. Only the pre-cast reinforced concrete slipway still exists -- designed by noted modernist architect Oliver Bernard in 1936/37 together with the much expanded factory and Grade II Listed since... | 757 | Supermarine | 13 |
27,548 | # Supermarine
## Supermarine aircraft {#supermarine_aircraft}
### Designs and submissions only {#designs_and_submissions_only}
- Supermarine Type 178 00 (1929) -- Sea Hawk three-engined civilian flying boat.
- Supermarine Type 178 01 (1931) -- Monoplane civilian mail carrier.
- Supermarine Type 178 02 (1931) --... | 687 | Supermarine | 14 |
27,571 | # Siebold
**Siebold** or **von Siebold** is a German surname. It is a patronymic surname derived from the given name Siebold, which consists of the Old High German words *sigu* (\"Victory\") and *bold* (\"strong\") | 34 | Siebold | 0 |
27,575 | # Statistical regularity
**Statistical regularity** is a notion in statistics and probability theory that random events exhibit regularity when repeated enough times or that enough sufficiently similar random events exhibit regularity. It is an umbrella term that covers the law of large numbers, all central limit theo... | 211 | Statistical regularity | 0 |
27,576 | # Statistical model
A **statistical model** is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of sample data (and similar data from a larger population). A statistical model represents, often in considerably idealized form, the data-generating process. When referring spec... | 621 | Statistical model | 0 |
27,576 | # Statistical model
## An example {#an_example}
Suppose that we have a population of children, with the ages of the children distributed uniformly, in the population. The height of a child will be stochastically related to the age: e.g. when we know that a child is of age 7, this influences the chance of the child be... | 367 | Statistical model | 1 |
27,576 | # Statistical model
## General remarks {#general_remarks}
A statistical model is a special class of mathematical model. What distinguishes a statistical model from other mathematical models is that a statistical model is non-deterministic. Thus, in a statistical model specified via mathematical equations, some of the... | 752 | Statistical model | 2 |
27,576 | # Statistical model
## Comparing models {#comparing_models}
Comparing statistical models is fundamental for much of statistical inference. `{{Harvtxt|Konishi | Kitagawa | 2008 | page= 75}}`{=mediawiki} state: \"The majority of the problems in statistical inference can be considered to be problems related to statistic... | 97 | Statistical model | 3 |
27,578 | # Survey sampling
In statistics, **survey sampling** describes the process of selecting a sample of elements from a target population to conduct a survey. The term \"survey\" may refer to many different types or techniques of observation. In survey sampling it most often involves a questionnaire used to measure the ch... | 380 | Survey sampling | 0 |
27,578 | # Survey sampling
## Probability sampling {#probability_sampling}
In a probability sample (also called \"scientific\" or \"random\" sample) each member of the target population has a known and non-zero probability of inclusion in the sample. A survey based on a probability sample can in theory produce statistical mea... | 322 | Survey sampling | 1 |
27,578 | # Survey sampling
## Bias in probability sampling {#bias_in_probability_sampling}
Bias in surveys is undesirable, but often unavoidable. The major types of bias that may occur in the sampling process are:
- Non-response bias: When individuals or households selected in the survey sample cannot or will not complete ... | 497 | Survey sampling | 2 |
27,579 | # Statistical theory
The **theory of statistics** provides a basis for the whole range of techniques, in both study design and data analysis, that are used within applications of statistics. The theory covers approaches to statistical-decision problems and to statistical inference, and the actions and deductions that ... | 769 | Statistical theory | 0 |
27,580 | # Statistical unit
In statistics, a **unit** is one member of a set of entities being studied. It is the main source for the mathematical abstraction of a \"random variable\". Common examples of a unit would be a single person, animal, plant, manufactured item, or country that belongs to a larger collection of such en... | 684 | Statistical unit | 0 |
27,581 | # Statistical assembly
In statistics, for example in statistical quality control, a **statistical assembly** is a collection of parts or components which makes up a statistical unit. Thus a statistical unit, which would be the prime item of concern, is made of discrete components like organs or machine parts. The reli... | 136 | Statistical assembly | 0 |
27,582 | # Stimulus–response model
The **stimulus--response model** is a conceptual framework in psychology that describes how individuals react to external stimuli. According to this model, an external stimulus triggers a reaction in an organism, often without the need for conscious thought. This model emphasizes the mechanis... | 381 | Stimulus–response model | 0 |
27,582 | # Stimulus–response model
## Bounded response functions {#bounded_response_functions}
Since many types of response have inherent physical limitations (e.g. minimal maximal muscle contraction), it is often applicable to use a bounded function (such as the logistic function) to model the response. Similarly, a linear r... | 404 | Stimulus–response model | 1 |
27,585 | # Statistical population
In statistics, a **population** is a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment. A statistical population can be a group of existing objects (e.g. the set of all stars within the Milky Way galaxy) or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of obje... | 485 | Statistical population | 0 |
27,587 | # Summary statistics
In descriptive statistics, **summary statistics** are used to summarize a set of observations, in order to communicate the largest amount of information as simply as possible. Statisticians commonly try to describe the observations in
- a measure of location, or central tendency, such as the ar... | 332 | Summary statistics | 0 |
27,588 | # Range (statistics)
In descriptive statistics, the **range** of a set of data is size of the narrowest interval which contains all the data. It is calculated as the difference between the largest and smallest values (also known as the sample maximum and minimum). It is expressed in the same units as the data.
The ra... | 514 | Range (statistics) | 0 |
27,592 | # Statistical assumption
Statistics, like all mathematical disciplines, does not infer valid conclusions from nothing. Inferring interesting conclusions about real statistical populations almost always requires some background assumptions. Those assumptions must be made carefully, because incorrect assumptions can gen... | 573 | Statistical assumption | 0 |
27,595 | # Sherrié Austin
**Sherrie Veronica Krenn** (born 28 August 1970), known professionally as **Sherrié Austin** (formerly known as **Sherrie Krenn**), is an Australian actress and country music singer. Active as a singer since her teenage years, Austin initially recorded as one half of the duo **Colourhaus**, which also... | 904 | Sherrié Austin | 0 |
27,595 | # Sherrié Austin
## Discography
### Studio albums {#studio_albums}
+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions |
+=================================... | 460 | Sherrié Austin | 1 |
27,595 | # Sherrié Austin
## Awards
### Country Music Awards of Australia {#country_music_awards_of_australia}
The Country Music Awards of Australia (CMAA) (also known as the Golden Guitar Awards) are held in January during the Tamworth Country Music Festival, celebrating recording excellence in the Australian country music ... | 52 | Sherrié Austin | 2 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
The **sonic screwdriver** is a fictional multifunctional tool in the British science fiction television programme *Doctor Who* and its spin-offs, used by the Doctor. Like the TARDIS, it has become one of the icons of the programme, and spin-off media such as *The Sarah Jane Adventures* and *Torchwo... | 414 | Sonic screwdriver | 0 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## Functions
The functions of a sonic screwdriver are based on its power over sound waves, radiation, wavelengths, frequencies, signals, and electromagnetism. It is shown to hack, disable, activate, and otherwise control technology from almost everything, allowing it to remotely control almost any... | 621 | Sonic screwdriver | 1 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## History
### 1968--1982 and 1996 {#and_1996}
The sonic screwdriver made its first appearance in the serial *Fury from the Deep* (1968), written by Victor Pemberton. It was used thereafter by the Second Doctor as a multi-purpose tool, with occasional variations in appearance over the course of t... | 771 | Sonic screwdriver | 2 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## History
### 2005--2010
A redesigned sonic screwdriver appears in the new series, with a blue light in addition to the sound effect. In its first incarnation, the prop used in the new series was fragile and prone to breakage. Over the course of the next two years, the props were continually repa... | 730 | Sonic screwdriver | 3 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## History
### 2010--2015 {#section_1}
In \"The Eleventh Hour\" (2010), the malfunctioning sonic screwdriver is destroyed when the Doctor tries to signal the Atraxi ships. The Doctor later receives a new one, which emerges from the newly regenerated TARDIS console. The Eleventh Doctor\'s sonic scr... | 1,312 | Sonic screwdriver | 4 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## History
### 2018--2022 {#section_3}
In \"The Woman Who Fell to Earth\", the Thirteenth Doctor is depicted constructing a new sonic screwdriver out of scrap metal and an orange glowing device from an alien travel capsule. She proudly proclaims that the new screwdriver is forged out of \"Sheffiel... | 622 | Sonic screwdriver | 5 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## Other appearances {#other_appearances}
### Licensed media {#licensed_media}
#### BBC Books {#bbc_books}
- The Past Doctor Adventures novel *The Murder Game*, set after *The Power of the Daleks*, has the Second Doctor escaping from a locked room with a box-shaped sonic device, in which he mu... | 801 | Sonic screwdriver | 6 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## Related devices {#related_devices}
### *Doctor Who* {#doctor_who}
- The Doctor has used other sonic devices similar to the sonic screwdriver, including the \"door handle\" of *Inferno* (Liz Shaw having one of her own) and a pen-sized white noise generator in *Four to Doomsday*.
- In the 19... | 977 | Sonic screwdriver | 7 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## Related devices {#related_devices}
### *Torchwood*
- In the *Doctor Who* spin-off series *Torchwood* episode \"Fragments\", genius Toshiko Sato\'s backstory reveals that she stole faulty designs from the Ministry of Defence and UNIT, which she used to construct a sonic device, referred to as ... | 173 | Sonic screwdriver | 8 |
27,612 | # Sonic screwdriver
## Commercial product {#commercial_product}
Ownership of the sonic screwdriver was retained by the BBC. Victor Pemberton told an interviewer for *Doctor Who Magazine*, \"I\'m very cross that the sonic screwdriver---which I invented---has been marketed with no credit to myself. ... It\'s one thing ... | 350 | Sonic screwdriver | 9 |
27,614 | # Slide guitar
**Slide guitar** is a technique for playing the guitar that is often used in blues music. It involves playing a guitar while holding a hard object (a slide) against the strings, creating the opportunity for glissando effects and deep vibratos that reflect characteristics of the human singing voice. It t... | 809 | Slide guitar | 0 |
27,614 | # Slide guitar
## Influential early electric slide guitarists {#influential_early_electric_slide_guitarists}
When the guitar was electrified in the 1930s, it allowed solos on the instrument to be more audible, and thus more prominently featured. In the 1940s, players like Robert Nighthawk and Earl Hooker popularized ... | 750 | Slide guitar | 1 |
27,614 | # Slide guitar
## Early developments in rock music {#early_developments_in_rock_music}
Rock musicians began exploring electric slide guitar in the early 1960s. In the UK, groups such as the Rolling Stones, who were fans of Chicago blues and Chess Records artists in particular, began recording songs by Muddy Waters, H... | 702 | Slide guitar | 2 |
27,614 | # Slide guitar
## Technique
The slide guitar, according to music educator Keith Wyatt, can be thought of as a \"one-finger fretless guitar\". The placement of a slide on a string determines the pitch, functioning in the manner of a steel guitar. The slide is pressed lightly against the treble strings to avoid hitting... | 367 | Slide guitar | 3 |
27,614 | # Slide guitar
## Resonator guitars {#resonator_guitars}
The National String Instrument Corporation produced the first metal-body resonator guitars in the late 1920s (*see image at beginning of article*). Popular with early slide players, these featured a large aluminum cone, resembling an inverted loudspeaker, attac... | 371 | Slide guitar | 4 |
27,614 | # Slide guitar
## Lap slide guitar pioneers {#lap_slide_guitar_pioneers}
Buddy Woods was a Louisiana street performer who recorded in the 1930s. He was called \"The Lone Wolf\" after the title of his most successful song, \"Lone Wolf Blues\". Between 1936 and 1938, he recorded ten songs that are today considered clas... | 382 | Slide guitar | 5 |
27,614 | # Slide guitar
## Slides and steels {#slides_and_steels}
A slide used around a player\'s finger can be made with any type of smooth hard material that allows tones to resonate. Different materials cause subtle differences in sustain, timbre, and loudness; glass or metal are the most common choices. Longer slides are ... | 292 | Slide guitar | 6 |
27,637 | # Structural geology
**Structural geology** is the study of the three-dimensional distribution of rock units with respect to their deformational histories. The primary goal of structural geology is to use measurements of present-day rock geometries to uncover information about the history of deformation (strain) in th... | 465 | Structural geology | 0 |
27,637 | # Structural geology
## Methods
Structural geologists use a variety of methods to (first) measure rock geometries, (second) reconstruct their deformational histories, and (third) estimate the stress field that resulted in that deformation.
### Geometries
Primary data sets for structural geology are collected in the... | 1,266 | Structural geology | 1 |
27,637 | # Structural geology
## Methods
### Stress fields {#stress_fields}
By understanding the constitutive relationships between stress and strain in rocks, geologists can translate the observed patterns of rock deformation into a stress field during the geologic past. The following list of features are typically used to d... | 174 | Structural geology | 2 |
27,637 | # Structural geology
## Characterization of the mechanical properties of rock {#characterization_of_the_mechanical_properties_of_rock}
The mechanical properties of rock play a vital role in the structures that form during deformation deep below the earth\'s crust. The conditions in which a rock is present will result... | 768 | Structural geology | 3 |
27,647 | # Star height problem
The **star height problem** in formal language theory is the question whether all regular languages can be expressed using regular expressions of limited star height, i.e. with a limited nesting depth of Kleene stars. Specifically, is a nesting depth of one always sufficient? If not, is there an ... | 622 | Star height problem | 0 |
27,670 | # Santiago de Compostela
**Santiago de Compostela**, simply **Santiago**, or **Compostela**, in the province of A Coruña, is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, in northwestern Spain. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the des... | 630 | Santiago de Compostela | 0 |
27,670 | # Santiago de Compostela
## City
### Climate
Under the Köppen climate classification, Santiago de Compostela has a temperate oceanic climate (*Cfb*) with mild to warm and somewhat dry summers and mild, wet winters. The prevailing winds from the Atlantic and the surrounding mountains combine to give Santiago some of S... | 1,531 | Santiago de Compostela | 1 |
27,670 | # Santiago de Compostela
## Administration
The city is governed by a mayor--council form of government. Following the 2023 Spanish local elections the mayor of Santiago is Goretti Sanmartín, of BNG.
### 2015 city council elections results {#city_council_elections_results}
-------
Party
-------
------------... | 89 | Santiago de Compostela | 2 |
27,670 | # Santiago de Compostela
## Population
The population of the city in 2019 was 96,260 inhabitants, while the metropolitan area reaches 178,695.
In 2010 there were 4,111 foreigners living in the city, representing 4.3% of the total population. The main nationalities are Brazilians (11%), Portuguese (8%) and Colombians... | 1,113 | Santiago de Compostela | 3 |
27,670 | # Santiago de Compostela
## Way of St. James {#way_of_st._james}
During medieval times, the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage emerged as one of the most significant Christian journeys in Europe, attracting thousands of pilgrims seeking spiritual redemption and fulfillment. Believed to be the final resting place of Sa... | 515 | Santiago de Compostela | 4 |
27,670 | # Santiago de Compostela
## Way of St. James {#way_of_st._james}
### Legends
According to a tradition that can be traced back at least to the 12th century, when it was recorded in the *Codex Calixtinus*, Saint James decided to return to the Holy Land after preaching in Galicia. There he was beheaded, but his disciple... | 655 | Santiago de Compostela | 5 |
27,670 | # Santiago de Compostela
## Transport
Santiago de Compostela is served by Santiago de Compostela Airport and a Renfe rail service.
### Airport
Santiago de Compostela Airport is the 2nd busiest airport in northern Spain after Bilbao Airport. The airport is located in the parish of Lavacolla, 12 km from the city cent... | 275 | Santiago de Compostela | 6 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Short Message Transfer Protocol}} `{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2013}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Infobox networking protocol
| title = Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
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27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## History
### Modern SMTP {#modern_smtp}
In November 1995, `{{IETF RFC|1869}}`{=mediawiki} defined Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (ESMTP), which established a general structure for all existing and future extensions which aimed to add-in the features missing from the original ... | 528 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 1 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## Mail processing model {#mail_processing_model}
Email is submitted by a mail client (mail user agent, MUA) to a mail server (mail submission agent, MSA) using SMTP on TCP port 465 or 587. Most mailbox providers still allow submission on traditional port 25. The MSA delivers the mail ... | 538 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 2 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## Protocol overview {#protocol_overview}
SMTP is a connection-oriented, text-based protocol in which a mail sender communicates with a mail receiver by issuing command strings and supplying necessary data over a reliable ordered data stream channel, typically a Transmission Control Pr... | 684 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 3 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## Outgoing mail SMTP server {#outgoing_mail_smtp_server}
An email client needs to know the IP address of its initial SMTP server and this has to be given as part of its configuration (usually given as a DNS name). This server will deliver outgoing messages on behalf of the user.
### ... | 576 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 4 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## SMTP transport example {#smtp_transport_example}
A typical example of sending a message via SMTP to two mailboxes (*alice* and *theboss*) located in the same mail domain (*example.com*) is reproduced in the following session exchange. (In this example, the conversation parts are pre... | 697 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 5 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## SMTP Extensions {#smtp_extensions}
### Extension discovery mechanism {#extension_discovery_mechanism}
Clients learn a server\'s supported options by using the `EHLO` greeting, as exemplified below, instead of the original `HELO`. Clients fall back to `HELO` only if the server does ... | 486 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 6 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## SMTP Extensions {#smtp_extensions}
### Extensions
Like SMTP, ESMTP is a protocol used to transport Internet mail. It is used as both an inter-server transport protocol and (with restricted behavior enforced) a mail submission protocol.
The main identification feature for ESMTP clie... | 843 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 7 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## SMTP Extensions {#smtp_extensions}
### Security extensions {#security_extensions}
Mail delivery can occur both over plain text and encrypted connections, however the communicating parties might not know in advance of other party\'s ability to use secure channel.
#### STARTTLS or \"... | 595 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 8 |
27,675 | # Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
## Spoofing and spamming {#spoofing_and_spamming}
The original design of SMTP had no facility to authenticate senders, or check that servers were authorized to send on their behalf, with the result that email spoofing is possible, and commonly used in email spam and phishing.
Occasion... | 129 | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | 9 |
27,676 | # Shuttlecock
A **shuttlecock** (also called a **birdie** or **shuttle,** or **ball**) is a high-drag projectile used in the sport of badminton. It has an open conical shape formed by feathers or plastic (or a synthetic alternative) embedded into a rounded cork (or rubber) base. The shuttlecock\'s shape makes it extre... | 869 | Shuttlecock | 0 |
27,683 | # Satellite
300px\|thumb\|upright=1.5\|alt=Two 3U CubeSats\|Two CubeSats orbiting around Earth after being deployed from the ISS *Kibō* module\'s Small Satellite Orbital Deployer
A **satellite** or an **artificial satellite** is an object, typically a spacecraft, placed into orbit around a celestial body. They have a... | 539 | Satellite | 0 |
27,683 | # Satellite
## History
### Early proposals {#early_proposals}
The first published mathematical study of the possibility of an artificial satellite was Newton\'s cannonball, a thought experiment by Isaac Newton to explain the motion of natural satellites, in his *Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica* (1687). T... | 391 | Satellite | 1 |
27,683 | # Satellite
## History
### First satellites {#first_satellites}
The first artificial satellite was Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 under the Sputnik program, with Sergei Korolev as chief designer. Sputnik 1 helped to identify the density of high atmospheric layers through measurement of its ... | 800 | Satellite | 2 |
27,683 | # Satellite
## Components
### Orbit and altitude control {#orbit_and_altitude_control}
Most satellites use chemical or ion propulsion to adjust or maintain their orbit, coupled with reaction wheels to control their three axis of rotation or attitude. Satellites close to Earth are affected the most by variations in t... | 303 | Satellite | 3 |
27,683 | # Satellite
## Applications
### Earth observation {#earth_observation}
Earth observation satellites are designed to monitor and survey the Earth, called remote sensing. Most Earth observation satellites are placed in low Earth orbit for a high data resolution, though some are placed in a geostationary orbit for an u... | 536 | Satellite | 4 |
27,683 | # Satellite
## Environmental impact {#environmental_impact}
The environmental impact of satellites is not currently well understood as they were previously assumed to be benign due to the rarity of satellite launches. However, the exponential increase and projected growth of satellite launches are bringing the issue ... | 939 | Satellite | 5 |
27,683 | # Satellite
## Environmental impact {#environmental_impact}
### Mitigation
Using wood as an alternative material has been posited in order to reduce pollution and debris from satellites that reenter the atmosphere.
| 30 | Satellite | 6 |
27,683 | # Satellite
## Interference
### Collision threat {#collision_threat}
\[\[<File:The> growth of all tracked objects in space over time (space debris and satellites).png\|thumb\|upright=1.2\|The growth of all tracked objects in space over time
\]\]
Space debris pose dangers to the spacecraft (including satellites) in... | 580 | Satellite | 7 |
27,695 | # Structured programming
**Structured programming** is a programming paradigm aimed at improving the clarity, quality, and development time of a computer program by making specific disciplined use of the structured control flow constructs of selection (if/then/else) and repetition (while and for), block structures, an... | 513 | Structured programming | 0 |
27,695 | # Structured programming
## History
### Theoretical foundation {#theoretical_foundation}
The structured program theorem provides the theoretical basis of structured programming. It states that three ways of combining programs---sequencing, selection, and iteration---are sufficient to express any computable function.... | 520 | Structured programming | 1 |
27,695 | # Structured programming
## Common deviations {#common_deviations}
While goto has now largely been replaced by the structured constructs of selection (if/then/else) and repetition (while and for), few languages are purely structured. The most common deviation, found in many languages, is the use of a return statement... | 878 | Structured programming | 2 |
27,695 | # Structured programming
## Common deviations {#common_deviations}
### Exception handling {#exception_handling}
Based on the coding error from the Ariane 501 disaster, software developer Jim Bonang argues that any exceptions thrown from a function violate the single-exit paradigm, and proposes that all inter-procedur... | 720 | Structured programming | 3 |
27,695 | # Structured programming
## Common deviations {#common_deviations}
### Multiple entry {#multiple_entry}
More rarely, subprograms allow multiple *entry.* This is most commonly only *re*-entry into a coroutine (or generator/semicoroutine), where a subprogram yields control (and possibly a value), but can then be resume... | 266 | Structured programming | 4 |
27,701 | # String (computer science)
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 101, column 2):
unexpected '|'
| <code>F</code> || <code>R</code> || <code>A</code> || <code>N</code> || <code>K</code>
^
`` | 27 | String (computer science) | 0 |
27,707 | # Socialist law
**Socialist law** or **Soviet law** are terms used in comparative legal studies for the general type of legal system which has been (and continues to be) used in socialist and formerly socialist states. It is based on the civil law system, with major modifications and additions from Marxist--Leninist i... | 364 | Socialist law | 0 |
27,707 | # Socialist law
## Soviet legal theory {#soviet_legal_theory}
Soviet law displayed many special characteristics that derived from the socialist nature of the Soviet state and reflected Marxist--Leninist ideology. Vladimir Lenin accepted the Marxist conception of the law and the state as instruments of coercion in the... | 727 | Socialist law | 1 |
27,737 | # Saint Kitts
**Saint Kitts**, officially **Saint Christopher**, is an island in the West Indies. The west side of the island borders the Caribbean Sea, and the eastern coast faces the Atlantic Ocean. Saint Kitts and the neighbouring island of Nevis constitute one country: the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Sain... | 289 | Saint Kitts | 0 |
27,737 | # Saint Kitts
## Geography
The capital of the two-island nation, and also its largest port, is the town of Basseterre on Saint Kitts. There is a modern facility for handling large cruise ships there. A ring road goes around the perimeter of the island with smaller roads branching off it; the interior of the island is... | 352 | Saint Kitts | 1 |
27,737 | # Saint Kitts
## History
*Main article: History of Saint Kitts and Nevis*
During the last ice age, the sea level was up to 300 ft lower and St. Kitts and Nevis were one island along with Saba and Sint Eustatius (also known as Statia).
St. Kitts was originally settled by pre-agricultural, pre-ceramic \"Archaic peopl... | 677 | Saint Kitts | 2 |
27,737 | # Saint Kitts
## Economy
Saint Kitts & Nevis uses the Eastern Caribbean dollar, which maintains a fixed exchange rate of 2.7-to-one with the United States dollar. The US dollar is almost as widely accepted on the island as the Eastern Caribbean dollar.
For hundreds of years, Saint Kitts operated as a sugar monocultu... | 355 | Saint Kitts | 3 |
27,737 | # Saint Kitts
## Notable natives and residents {#notable_natives_and_residents}
Saint Kitts is or was the residence of:
- Sir Kennedy Alphonse Simmonds, first Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Dr. Simmonds instigated Porte Zante and the South East Peninsula Road on Frigate Bay in Saint Kitts which is named ... | 654 | Saint Kitts | 4 |
27,745 | # Standard temperature and pressure
**Standard temperature and pressure** (**STP**) or **standard conditions for temperature and pressure** are various standard sets of conditions for experimental measurements used to allow comparisons to be made between different sets of data. The most used standards are those of the... | 480 | Standard temperature and pressure | 0 |
27,745 | # Standard temperature and pressure
## Definitions
### Current use {#current_use}
Many different definitions of standard reference conditions are currently being used by organizations all over the world. The table below lists a few of them, but there are more. Some of these organizations used other standards in the p... | 413 | Standard temperature and pressure | 1 |
27,745 | # Standard temperature and pressure
## Standard laboratory conditions {#standard_laboratory_conditions}
Because many definitions of standard temperature and pressure differ in temperature significantly from standard laboratory temperatures (e.g. 0 °C vs. \~28 °C), reference is often made to \"standard laboratory cond... | 464 | Standard temperature and pressure | 2 |
27,750 | # Script kiddie
A **script kiddie**, **skript kiddie**, **skiddie**, **kiddie**, or **skid** is a pejorative term used to describe an unskilled individual who uses malicious scripts or programs developed by others or LLMs.
## Characteristics
The term script kiddie was first used in 1988. In a Carnegie Mellon report ... | 289 | Script kiddie | 0 |
27,753 | # List of science fiction themes
The following is a list of articles about recurring themes in science fiction.
## Overarching themes {#overarching_themes}
- First contact with aliens
- Artificial intelligence
- Machine rule/Cybernetic revolt/AI takeover
- Extraterrestrials in fiction
- End of humanity... | 651 | List of science fiction themes | 0 |
27,753 | # List of science fiction themes
## Technologies
- Artificial gravity
- Artificial intelligence
- Asteroid mining
- Astronomical engineering
- Brain--computer interface
- Cloaking device
- Emerging technologies
- Robots
- Self-replicating machines
- Simulated reality
- Star lifting and stellar e... | 210 | List of science fiction themes | 1 |
27,762 | # Star Frontiers
***Star Frontiers*** is a science fiction role-playing game produced by TSR from 1982 to 1985. The game offers a space opera action-adventure setting.
## Description
*Star Frontiers* is a space opera role-playing game that is set near the center of a spiral galaxy (the setting does not specify wheth... | 466 | Star Frontiers | 0 |
27,762 | # Star Frontiers
## Publication history {#publication_history}
Although TSR was a pioneer in developing science fiction role-playing games like the generation ship game *Metamorphosis Alpha* (1976) and the post-apocalyptic *Gamma World* (1978), they didn\'t immediately publish a space opera to rival Game Designer\'s ... | 500 | Star Frontiers | 1 |
27,762 | # Star Frontiers
## Reception
In Issue 37 of *White Dwarf*, Andy Slack stated that \"Unfortunately, I can\'t say the system struck me as especially realistic; but if you like action adventure, thinking with your fists, and *Star Wars* (and who doesn\'t from time to time) you can have a lot of fun with this game.\" Sl... | 795 | Star Frontiers | 2 |
27,762 | # Star Frontiers
## Subsequent legal dispute over trademark `{{anchor|Star Frontiers: New Genesis}}`{=mediawiki} {#subsequent_legal_dispute_over_trademark}
In 2021, a new iteration of TSR Games was launched by a group including Ernie Gygax, son of the deceased Tactical Studies Rules (TSR) co-founder Gary Gygax, and J... | 348 | Star Frontiers | 3 |
27,766 | # Sam & Max
***Sam & Max*** is an American media franchise about Sam and Max, a pair of anthropomorphic vigilante private investigators. The characters, who occupy a universe that parodies American popular culture, were created by Steve Purcell in his youth, and later debuted in a 1987 comic book series. The character... | 298 | Sam & Max | 0 |
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