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To assess the proportion of H. pylori‐positive individuals randomised to receive eradication therapy that developed gastric cancer, compared with those who received placebo or no treatment. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Helicobacter pylori eradication for the prevention of gastric neoplasia | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to death from any cause (time‐to‐event outcome) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Radical prostatectomy versus deferred treatment for localised prostate cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Anxiety (measured by validated instruments such as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) or the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI))Depressive symptoms (measured by validated instruments such as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); or the Centre for Epidemio... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Telephone interventions for symptom management in adults with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
In patients with HGD:1. Progression to cancer at one or more years.In patients with early cancer:2. Overall survival at one or more years. All reports of survival will be considered, such as hazard ratios, log rank tests, percentages. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Surgery versus radical endotherapies for early cancer and high‐grade dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (survival time in months from randomisation to death from any cause).Adverse effects (a qualitative description of adverse effects was provided when adverse effects could not be pooled quantitatively). | Provide primary outcome for the study
External beam radiation dose escalation for high grade glioma | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Physical function (e.g. Karnofsky Performance Status Scale; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Scale; timed chair rise test; timed 'Up & Go' test) or other valid instrumentsDisease‐related mental health (e.g. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); Beck Depression Index (BDI))Adverse events (participants experien... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Physical activity interventions for disease‐related physical and mental health during and following treatment in people with non‐advanced colorectal cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
need for a repeat pleural procedure to manage recurrence of the effusion, or continued drainage of pleural fluid from an IPC (if applicable);evidence of significant pleural fluid re‐accumulation on radiological imaging (e.g. chest X‐ray or ultrasound);pleurodesis failure in the opinion of the trial investigators.2 ‐ 4 ... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Interventions for the management of malignant pleural effusions: a network meta‐analysis | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: defined as survival of women with endometrial cancer from diagnosis from all causesDisease‐free survival: defined as survival of women with endometrial cancer until the appearance of a new lesion of disease | Provide primary outcome for the study
Health education interventions to promote early presentation and referral for women with symptoms of endometrial cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (OS), defined as the time from date randomised to date of death due to any causeDisease‐free survival (DFS), defined as the time from date randomised to first recurrence, contralateral breast cancer, second breast cancer, or death, or as defined by the study | Provide primary outcome for the study
Ovarian suppression for adjuvant treatment of hormone receptor‐positive early breast cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
We considered the following primary outcomes in this review.Since the role of the drugs included in this review could also have an impact on other cancers or diseases, we also considered the following secondary outcomes. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Prevention and treatment of symptoms of AIMSS (pain, stiffness, and grip strength) from baseline. These were preferably assessed by validated questionnaires, such as the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Functional Assessment... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Exercise therapies for preventing or treating aromatase inhibitor‐induced musculoskeletal symptoms in early breast cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: survival until death from all causes; survival was assessed from time of enrolment in the study.Quality of life: defined as an individual's perception of life in the context of the culture and value systems (which also includes specific menopausal symptoms like hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal dryne... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Hormone replacement therapy after surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Delirium symptoms within 24 hours and between 24 and 48 hoursAgitation score within 24 hours and between 24 and 48 hoursNumber of adverse events, including extrapyramidal effects | Provide primary outcome for the study
Drug therapy for delirium in terminally ill adults | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Hearing loss (as defined by the authors of the original study).Tinnitus (as defined by the authors of the original study).Overall survival (as defined by the authors of the original study). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Different infusion durations for preventing platinum‐induced hearing loss in children with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
OS, defined as survival until death from all causes from time of randomisation.PFS, defined as survival until evidence of tumour recurrence is documented by CT or MRI scan. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Early versus delayed postoperative radiotherapy for treatment of low‐grade gliomas | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival.Health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), assessed by a validated scale. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Cisplatin versus carboplatin in combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to death from any cause (defined as the time from the date of randomisation to the date of death).Serious adverse effects (adverse effects were considered serious when they required hospitalisation, were life‐threatening or were reported as serious by the authors of the original publication). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin versus mitomycin C for Ta and T1 bladder cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (as time‐to‐event or dichotomous outcomes or both) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Interval brain imaging for adults with cerebral glioma | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Invasive cervical, vaginal, vulval, anal, or penile cancerIn females, histologically‐confirmed high‐grade cervical (CIN2, CIN3, and adenocarcinoma in situ), vaginal, vulval, or anal intraepithelial neoplasia, irrespective of HPV genotype, or any lesions associated with the HPV genotypes included in the vaccineIn males,... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Comparison of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine types and dose schedules for prevention of HPV‐related disease in females and males | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: calculated from time of randomisation or recruitment to study until time of deathTime to detection of recurrence: calculated from time of randomisation or recruitment to study until detection of recurrence. In some studies, this outcome was called disease‐free survival. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Follow‐up strategies following completion of primary cancer treatment in adult cancer survivors | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Incidence of postsurgical breast surgical site (wound) infection (SSI)*. Where possible, this should be reported as the number of participants in each group with a clinically significant infection. Research demonstrates that 98% of acute SSIs related to non‐implant breast surgery occur within 28 days (Mitchell 1999). H... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Prophylactic antibiotics to prevent surgical site infection after breast cancer surgery | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (measured from the time of randomisation in the study) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Follow‐up strategies for patients treated for non‐metastatic colorectal cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (OS), defined as time from randomisation/study entry until death from any cause | Provide primary outcome for the study
Taxanes for adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Prostate cancer‐specific survival [PC‐SS] measured from randomization date to date of prostate cancer death.Late gastrointestinal (GI) radiation therapy toxicity (occurring or lasting more than 90 days after RT is completed) Grade II Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of C... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Hypofractionation for clinically localized prostate cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
incidence of VTE within 30 days after surgery, including both symptomatic and asymptomatic VTE and PE (verified by objective methods: radiographic diagnosis/confirmation (duplex ultrasonography, CT angiography)). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Prolonged thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin for abdominal or pelvic surgery | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Cognitive impairment (objective or subjective), as measured by an overall cognitive function score, a change over time score, or as a categorical outcome. This includes evaluation of cognitive impairment as individual cognitive function domains, e.g. verbal fluency, processing speed, memory, attention, and executive fu... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Long‐term neurocognitive and other side effects of radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, for glioma | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Length of hospital stay (days)Postoperative complications using the Clavien‐Dindo classification for surgical complications (Dindo 2004):wound infections (e.g. a standardised criteria to assess wound infection (Buzby II‐IV:Buzby 1988)intraabdominal abscessesanastomotic leakage/dehiscencepneumonia (within hospital stay) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of hospital stay and postoperative complications | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Caregiver quality of life (QoL) that was measured by a reliable and validated scale (Lipscomb 2005) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Psychosocial interventions for informal caregivers of people living with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Exercise capacity as measured either as VO2peak during a maximal incremental exercise test or as the 6MWD.Safety of the intervention as measured by numbers of adverse events. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to death of any causeSerious adverse events | Provide primary outcome for the study
Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Complications up to 90 days after surgery (e.g. sepsis, wound breakdown, paralytic ileus or infections).Length of hospital stay. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to bladder cancer recurrence (time‐to‐event outcome)Time to death from UTUC (time‐to‐event outcome)Serious adverse events (dichotomous outcome) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Single‐dose intravesical chemotherapy after nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to death from any cause (overall survival, time‐to‐event outcome)Time to death from bladder cancer (disease‐specific survival, time‐to‐event outcome)Clavien‐Dindo III‐V complications (dichotomous outcome) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Extended versus standard lymph node dissection for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in patients undergoing radical cystectomy | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Hearing loss (as defined by the authors of the original studies).Tinnitus (as defined by the authors of the original studies).Survival (overall survival and event‐free survival as defined by the authors of the original study). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Medical interventions for the prevention of platinum‐induced hearing loss in children with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall breast cancer incidence (in situ and invasive carcinoma); andSevere toxicity (i.e. grade 3 and 4 toxicities according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Toxicity Criteria or equivalent) . | Provide primary outcome for the study
Risk‐reducing medications for primary breast cancer: a network meta‐analysis | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (as defined in the original studies).Treatment‐related mortality: incidence of deaths that were classified as treatment related or the participants died of treatment complications. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Anti‐GD2 antibody‐containing immunotherapy postconsolidation therapy for people with high‐risk neuroblastoma treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to recurrenceMajor postoperative complications (class III to V) (Dindo 2004) | Provide primary outcome for the study
Robotic versus open radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in adults | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Quality of life (QoL) measured with reliable and validated instruments such as the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General (FACT‐G; King 2014), the 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36; Ware 1992), or disease‐specific questionnaires such as the English European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Canc... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for women diagnosed with breast cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
HRQoL, e.g. measured with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ‐C30) or the Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) (Aaronson 1993; Aaronson 1998).Distress, e.g. measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (Zigmond 1983), the Beck Dep... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Systematic screening and assessment of psychosocial well‐being and care needs of people with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Treatment failure: a composite end point comprising one or more of the following: death; persistence, recurrence, or worsening of clinical signs or symptoms of presenting infection; modification of initial empirical antibiotic scheme (Consensus panel 1990; Feld 1998; Feld 2002). If studies defined treatment failure dif... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Outpatient treatment for people with cancer who develop a low‐risk febrile neutropaenic event | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Deaths from haemorrhage.Anaemia (defined as haemoglobin concentration less than 11 g/dL). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Palliative interventions for controlling vaginal bleeding in advanced cervical cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Our main outcomes were parenting behavior (e.g. self‐report measures of behavioral responses to their child, such as overprotective or solicitous behaviors), and parent mental health (e.g. self‐report measures of anxiety, depression). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Primary outcome was recurrence‐free survival (defined as local recurrence and/or metastases), with a minimum follow‐up duration of two years after index surgery. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Intralesional treatment versus wide resection for central low‐grade chondrosarcoma of the long bones | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Pulmonary complication rate (i.e. pulmonary infections, bronchial congestion, atelectasis, acute lung injury, pleural fistula).Rate of intubation.Mortality. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation for prevention of complications after pulmonary resection in lung cancer patients | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Menstruation recovery or maintenance: maintenance or recovery of menstruation (normal or oligomenorrhoea) with or without clear evidence of ovulationPremature ovarian failure: no resumption of menstrual activity with postmenopausal FSH levels at least one year after the end of chemotherapyPregnancy | Provide primary outcome for the study
Adjuvant gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues for the prevention of chemotherapy‐induced premature ovarian failure in premenopausal women | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Our primary outcome was the effect of systemic corticosteroids on breathlessness (dyspnoea), as assessed by the American Thoracic Society 'Domains of Dyspnoea Measurement' (Parshall 2012). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Systemic corticosteroids for the management of cancer‐related breathlessness (dyspnoea) in adults | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
All outcome measures were assessed at the latest time point reported in the study. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Surgical interventions for the prevention or treatment of lymphoedema after breast cancer treatment | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
All‐cause mortality (death from any cause). We calculated one‐year, two‐year, and three‐year all‐cause mortality. We drew primary conclusions based on three‐year all‐cause mortality, as the longer the follow‐up period, the stronger the evidence.Proportion of participants without tumour response: according to the World ... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation followed by three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation alone for primary hepatocellular carcinoma in adults | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: survival until death from all causes. Survival assessed from the time when women were enrolled in the study.Rate of intermittent self‐catheterisation (ISC) at one month after the operation.Quality of life: assessed using a scale that has been validated through reporting of norms in a peer‐reviewed pub... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical cancer (stage Ia2 to IIa) | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival/total mortality (disease‐related mortality was also to be studied if possible).Disease‐free survival. | Provide primary outcome for the study
De‐intensified adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy versus standard adjuvant chemoradiotherapy post transoral minimally invasive surgery for resectable HPV‐positive oropharyngeal carcinoma | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Physical fitness (aerobic fitness measured by: VO2 max, 6‐minute walk distance test (MWD), 12 MWD, maximal short exercise capacity test, endurance time test, step test; strength (upper and lower body) measured by: grip strength test, chest press test, pull down test, elbow flexion test, 1‐repetition max (1‐RM), leg pre... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Exercise interventions for people undergoing multimodal cancer treatment that includes surgery | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival, defined as time from randomisation to death. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Anti‐angiogenic therapy for high‐grade glioma | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
1.0 Overall survival; defined as time from randomisation to death from any cause, or to the end of follow‐up | Provide primary outcome for the study
Survival differences with immediate versus delayed chemotherapy for asymptomatic incurable metastatic colorectal cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Incidence and severity of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related toxicities, as reported according to internationally accepted criteria for common toxicities (e.g. World Health Organization (WHO) (Miller 1981), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), or National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria for adverse effects... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Moxibustion for alleviating side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (OS): survival until death from all causes. Survival was assessed from the time when women were enrolled in the trial.Recurrence free survival (RFS): length of time after treatment during which a woman survived with no sign of disease recurrence. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Laparoscopy versus laparotomy for the management of early stage endometrial cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (OS): survival until death from all causes. Survival was assessed from the time when women were enrolled in the study.Para‐aortic lymph node recurrence: any relapse or persistent disease at the para‐aortic region. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Extended‐field radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to death due to any cause.Grade III to V adverse events. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Taxane‐based chemohormonal therapy for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: survival until death from all causes | Provide primary outcome for the study
Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Rates of falls and number of fallers measured prospectively or reported (retrospectively). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Exercise for reducing falls in people living with and beyond cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: survival until death from all causesProgression‐free survival (or 'disease progression') | Provide primary outcome for the study
Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage IB2 cervical cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall mortality. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Preoperative radiotherapy and curative surgery for the management of localised rectal carcinoma | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Absence of nausea or vomiting as measured by the proportion of participants with no nausea or vomiting over the time period studiedSerious adverse events, specifically, extra pyramidal adverse events, prolonged QTc interval, neutropenia and agranulocytosis, as measured by the proportion of participants experiencing at ... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Olanzapine for the prevention and treatment of cancer‐related nausea and vomiting in adults | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
For prevention studies: proportion of participants with diarrhoeaFor treatment studies: reduction in severity of diarrhoea (e.g. according to the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (NCI 2013; CTCAE 2010).Quality of life measured on a scale that is validated through report... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Length of hospital stay: measured in days from the day of surgery to discharge from hospital.Wound infections: as measured by the proportion of patients in whom any type or degree of wound infection was recorded, at any point postoperatively.Fistula formation: as measured by the proportion of patients in whom a fistula... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Immunonutrition for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: survival until death from all causes. We assessed survival from the time when women were enrolled in the study.HGSC (fallopian tube, ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer) mortality.Breast cancer mortality. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Risk‐reducing bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival: length of time (in days, weeks or months) until death from any cause. We assessed survival from the time when participants were randomised.Adverse events: untoward medical events that may present during treatment with the study intervention, with or without a causal relationship with this treatment (N... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Surgery versus stereotactic radiotherapy for people with single or solitary brain metastasis | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Composite score of competency in performing endoscopy (as defined by authors). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Virtual reality simulation training for health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Length of survival from diagnosis of MBO or, if not given, implementation of PN until death from any cause.Quality of life: any measure of quality of life completed by participants, carers or an independent rater. However, we gave preference to validated questionnaires, e.g. the European Organisation for Research and T... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Home parenteral nutrition for people with inoperable malignant bowel obstruction | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
We included outcomes that measured changes in HCP behaviour or skills, other HCP outcomes and patient‐related outcomes at any time after the intervention. We anticipated that many of these outcomes would be measured by validated study‐specific observational rating scales and potentially subject to a high degree of inte... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Communication skills training for healthcare professionals working with people who have cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to death from any cause as measured from the time of random sequence generation to time of death irrespective of cause (time‐to‐event outcome).Quality of life as measured by validated instruments (continuous outcome). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Pembrolizumab monotherapy versus chemotherapy for treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma with disease progression during or following platinum‐containing chemotherapy. A Cochrane Rapid Review | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
All‐cause mortality. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Anticoagulation for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in people with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
The primary outcome was radiological response, defined as any reduction in contrast‐enhancing lesions or oedema (i.e. T2‐weighted hyperintensity on MRI or hypodensity on computed tomography (CT)). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
All‐cause mortality. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Anticoagulation for people with cancer and central venous catheters | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to death from prostate cancerQoLMajor adverse events | Provide primary outcome for the study
Primary cryotherapy for localised or locally advanced prostate cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Measures of the resolution of symptoms.Re‐establishment of oral intake (technical success of the intervention).Time to re‐establishment of oral intake.All‐cause mortality.Short‐term mortality (in‐hospital mortality, or mortality within three months),Median survival postintervention | Provide primary outcome for the study
Stent placement versus surgical palliation for adults with malignant gastric outlet obstruction | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Rate of symptom relief (number of months to symptom relief; percentage of women who obtained symptom relief): hot flushes, vaginal atrophy, cardiovascular risk, osteoporosis risk, others.Rate of tumour recurrence: number of months to tumour recurrence.Rate of appearance of a new malignancy (breast cancer, etc.): number... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Histologically‐confirmed high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2, CIN3 and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)) or worse, associated with the HPV types included in the vaccine or any lesions irrespective of HPV type. Association between HPV types and a diagnosed lesion means that the particular type or types have ... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Mortality rate at any timeComplete or partial failure to control local tumour at any time | Provide primary outcome for the study
Hyperbaric oxygenation for tumour sensitisation to radiotherapy | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
All‐cause mortality.Serious adverse events. We used the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice's definition of a serious adverse event (ICH‐GCP 1997); that is, any untoward medical occurrence that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation or prolongat... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival, defined as the time from date randomised to date of death (any cause).Quality of life, assessed through validated questionnaires such as the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ‐BR23, EORTC QLQ‐BR23, and BREAST‐Q, BREAST‐Q, questionnaires or others described in the cl... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Breast surgery for metastatic breast cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
The ability of OWSC, when seen to reach the colon on follow‐up imaging, to predict the likelihood of malignant small bowel obstruction resolving with conservative treatment alone (diagnostic).The rate of resolution of MBO with medical management only in patients receiving OWSC compared with those not receiving it (ther... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Oral water soluble contrast for malignant bowel obstruction | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Change in food intake as difference between baseline and the end of treatment. We planned to express this outcome as a dichotomous variable (number of participants who experienced an increase in food intake) or a continuous variable (actual change in food intake).Change in body weight as difference between baseline and... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Ghrelin for the management of cachexia associated with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Progression of CIN to higher grades of CINProgression of CIN to invasive carcinomaRegression of CIN | Provide primary outcome for the study
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agents to induce regression and prevent the progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
All‐cause mortality, preferably at the end of the influenza season. We selected all‐cause mortality as the primary outcome, since this is the ultimate goal of influenza vaccination, and the composite outcome of infections, hospitalisations, chemotherapy delays and other effects of influenza. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Influenza vaccines in immunosuppressed adults with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Breast cancer‐related mortality, defined as time from date randomised to date of death due to primary breast cancerHRQoL domains, via a validated questionnaire, including but not limited to physical function (e.g. performance of self‐care and everyday physical activities), psychological function (e.g. emotional well‐be... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Physical activity for women with breast cancer after adjuvant therapy | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Incidence of any cancer and of site‐specific cancers, assessed as proportions of participants developing cancers during the study period.Mortality from any cancer and from site‐specific cancer, assessed as proportions of participants dying from cancers during the study period. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Selenium for preventing cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
We sought data for the following outcome measures. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Whole brain radiotherapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple brain metastases | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Gastrointestinal symptom score, according to the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire‐bowel function dimension (IBDQ‐BD), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), or another scale.Moderate or severe GI symptoms (toxicity), according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE 2010), European O... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic cancers | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (OS), assessed from date of randomisation to date of patient death (time to death).Progression‐free survival (PFS):Measured from the date of randomisation to the date of objective disease progression, based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST), the revised version of the Internatio... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Proportion of participants with pain response:we considered all trials reporting on the proportion of participants with pain response; there were no restrictions on pain assessment tools or definition of pain response in the trials. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Bisphosphonates for advanced prostate cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Local control, defined as the time (from randomisation) until the development of any local recurrence during follow‐up (time‐to‐event outcome). We defined local recurrence as recurrence in the ipsilateral breast (i.e. the breast in which cancer had been diagnosed), the skin and parenchyma.Acute toxicity related to radi... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Tumour bed boost radiotherapy for women after breast‐conserving surgery | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Proportion of participants who developed incisional hernia, as defined in the included studies, at one year or more of follow‐up. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
For women with EBC (defined by stage I‐III breast cancer with no distant metastases, locally advanced or recurrent disease):bone metastasesFor women with ABC (defined by locally ABC, recurrent breast cancer or metastatic breast cancer with no clinically evident bone metastases):bone metastasesFor women with BCBM:the pr... | Provide primary outcome for the study
Bisphosphonates and other bone agents for breast cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (OS). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Lymphadenectomy for the management of endometrial cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Overall survival (OS): death from all causes from time of randomizationDisease‐specific survival (DSS): death from metastases of the brainFunctionally independent survival (FIS): as measured using a Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) (Karnofsky 1949) baseline or some equivalent system of measurement | Provide primary outcome for the study
Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) alone versus WBRT and radiosurgery for the treatment of brain metastases | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (time point closest to 30 days; defined by the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula (Bassi 2005a; Bassi 2017). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Pancreaticojejunostomy versus pancreaticogastrostomy reconstruction for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Time to recurrence.Time to progression.Serious adverse events. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Intravesical electromotive drug administration for non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Prostate cancer‐specific survivalUrinary quality of lifeSexual quality of life | Provide primary outcome for the study
Laparoscopic and robotic‐assisted versus open radical prostatectomy for the treatment of localised prostate cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
All‐cause mortality; pre‐specified at 12 months, 24 months and over the duration of the trial. | Provide primary outcome for the study
Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
Incidence of GTN (invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, PSTT and epithelioid trophoblastic tumour (ETT). | Provide primary outcome for the study
Prophylactic chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole to prevent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia | You are a research assistant. Based on the question please provide appropriate answers |
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