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An operator logo is a logo which appears on the status screen of a mobile phone . Originally intended as a way for phone companies to brand phones attached to their networks, the operator logo has since become a method by which owners may customise their phones to reflect their own interests. It helped kick off mobile ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_logo |
Operator Messaging is the term, similar to Text Messaging and Voice Messaging , applying to an answering service call center who focuses on one specific scripting style that has grown out of the alphanumeric pager history.
In the 1970s and early 1980s, the cost of making a phone call decreased and more business commun... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_messaging |
An operator protection device (OPD) is a device that protects the operator of machinery.
The term has been adopted by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) to describe devices used to protect all-terrain vehicle (ATV) riders from being crushed in the event of an accident. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
In the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_protection_device |
In genetics , an operon is a functioning unit of DNA containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter . [ 1 ] The genes are transcribed together into an mRNA strand and either translated together in the cytoplasm, or undergo splicing to create monocistronic mRNAs that are translated separately, i.e.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operon |
ODB ( Operon DataBase ) is a database of conserved operons in sequenced genomes . [ 1 ]
This Biological database -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operon_database |
Opha Pauline Dube (born 1960) is a Botswanan environmental scientist and Associate Professor in the Department of Environmental Science at the University of Botswana . She co-authored the IPCC's Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C . She is one of fifteen scientists creating the 2023 Global Sustainable Developmen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opha_Pauline_Dube |
Opioid food peptides include:
This biochemistry article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
This food ingredient article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioid_food_peptides |
An opioidergic agent (or drug ) is a chemical which directly or indirectly modulate the function of opioid receptors . Opioidergics comprise opioids , as well as allosteric modulators and enzyme affecting agents like enkephalinase inhibitors .
This drug article relating to the nervous system is a stub . You can help W... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioidergic |
Opioid use during pregnancy can have significant implications for both the mother and the developing fetus.
Opioids are a class of drugs that include prescription painkillers (e.g., oxycodone , hydrocodone ) and illicit substances like heroin . Opioid use during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of compli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioids_and_pregnancy |
Oportuzumab monatox is an experimental anti-cancer medication . Chemically, oportuzumab is a single chain variable fragment of a monoclonal antibody which binds to epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM, the tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 1). Oportuzumab is fused with Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oportuzumab_monatox |
Oppenauer oxidation , named after Rupert Viktor Oppenauer [ de ] , [ 1 ] is a gentle method for selectively oxidizing secondary alcohols to ketones .
The reaction is the opposite Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reduction . [ 2 ] The alcohol is oxidized with aluminium isopropoxide in excess acetone . This shifts the equilibri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppenauer_oxidation |
In Diophantine approximation , a subfield of number theory , the Oppenheim conjecture concerns representations of numbers by real quadratic forms in several variables. It was formulated in 1929 by Alexander Oppenheim and later the conjectured property was further strengthened by Harold Davenport and Oppenheim. Initial ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppenheim_conjecture |
The Oppenheimer–Phillips process or strip reaction is a type of deuteron -induced nuclear reaction . In this process the neutron half of an energetic deuteron (a stable isotope of hydrogen with one proton and one neutron) fuses with a target nucleus , transmuting the target to a heavier isotope while ejecting a proton.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppenheimer–Phillips_process |
In general relativity , the Oppenheimer–Snyder model is a solution to the Einstein field equations based on the Schwarzschild metric describing the collapse of an object of extreme mass into a black hole . [ 1 ] It is named after physicists J. Robert Oppenheimer and Hartland Snyder , who published it in 1939. [ 2 ]
Du... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppenheimer–Snyder_model |
The Oppo Find X6 is a series of two Android -based smartphones manufactured by Oppo as part of its flagship Find X series. Unveiled as successors to the Oppo Find X5 series , both phones were unveiled on 21 March 2023. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Currently, the Find X6 series is available for sale only in mainland China . [ 5 ] [ 6 ] ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppo_Find_X6 |
The Oppo Find X6 is a series of two Android -based smartphones manufactured by Oppo as part of its flagship Find X series. Unveiled as successors to the Oppo Find X5 series , both phones were unveiled on 21 March 2023. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Currently, the Find X6 series is available for sale only in mainland China . [ 5 ] [ 6 ] ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppo_Find_X6_Pro |
The Oppo Find X7 is a series of two Android -based smartphones manufactured by Oppo as part of its flagship Find X series. Unveiled as successors to the Oppo Find X6 series , both phones were launched on 8 January 2024. Just like its predecessor the Find X6 series, the Find X7 series were released exclusively for the m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppo_Find_X7 |
The Oppo Find X7 is a series of two Android -based smartphones manufactured by Oppo as part of its flagship Find X series. Unveiled as successors to the Oppo Find X6 series , both phones were launched on 8 January 2024. Just like its predecessor the Find X6 series, the Find X7 series were released exclusively for the m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppo_Find_X7_Ultra |
Flexible or opportunistic breeders mate whenever the conditions of their environment become favorable. Their ability and motivation to mate are primarily independent of day-length ( photoperiod ) and instead rely on cues from short-term changes in local conditions like rainfall, food abundance and temperature. Another ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_breeder |
An opportunistic infection is an infection that occurs most commonly in individuals with an immunodeficiency disorder and acts more severe on those with a weakened immune system. These types of infections are considered serious and can be caused by a variety of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasite... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infection |
Opportunistic mesh (OPM) is a wireless networking technology that aims to provide reliable and cost-effective wireless bandwidth when used to build the networking infrastructure of large-scale wireless systems.
The OPM technology is based on the cognitive networking principles [ 1 ] that are advanced from traditional ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_mesh |
Opportunistic reasoning is a method of selecting a suitable logical inference strategy within artificial intelligence applications.
Specific reasoning methods may be used to draw conclusions from a set of given facts in a knowledge base , e.g. forward chaining versus backward chaining . However, in opportunistic reaso... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_reasoning |
The opposition surge (sometimes known as the opposition effect , opposition spike or Seeliger effect [ 1 ] ) is the brightening of a rough surface, or an object with many particles , when illuminated from directly behind the observer. The term is most widely used in astronomy , where generally it refers to the sudden n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opposition_surge |
Opposition to the Mauna Kea Observatories has existed since the first telescope was built in the late 1960s. Originally part of research begun by Gerard Kuiper of the University of Arizona , the site has expanded into the world's largest observatory for infrared and submillimeter telescopes. Opposition to the telescope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Mauna_Kea_Observatories |
Opsys is an educational adventure video game by Polish studio Lemon Interactive and published by [hyper]media limited in 2000 on Macintosh and Windows.
When someone breaks into the Museum of the History of Cypriot Coinage and steals all the ancient coins, the player must travel through time and recover them, from 500 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opsys |
Optibo is the product of a collaboration between Swedish firms to solve the housing industry 's problem of availability of space caused by high land prices. Optibo's main architect was inspired when he saw the Disney cartoon Mickey's Trailer on TV. [ 1 ]
The project has led to the construction of an apartment which is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optibo |
In number theory , the optic equation is an equation that requires the sum of the reciprocals of two positive integers a and b to equal the reciprocal of a third positive integer c : [ 1 ]
Multiplying both sides by abc shows that the optic equation is equivalent to a Diophantine equation (a polynomial equation in mult... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_equation |
Optical Materials Express is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Optica . It covers advances in and applications of optical materials, including but not limited to nonlinear optical materials , laser media, nanomaterials , metamaterials and biomaterials . Its editor-in-chief is Andrea Alù ( City Uni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_Materials_Express |
An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavity , or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed. Optical amplifiers are important in optical comm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_amplifier |
An optical attenuator , or fiber optic attenuator, is a device used to reduce the power level of an optical signal , either in free space or in an optical fiber . The basic types of optical attenuators are fixed, step-wise variable, and continuously variable.
Optical attenuators are commonly used in fiber-optic commun... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_attenuator |
Optical bonding refers to a protective glass that is glued in front of a display to enhance its readability where installed in high humidity outdoor environments. When a normal display is used in an outdoor environment, there are some factors that affect its readability. The most common one is “fog”, or condensation , ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_bonding |
Optical brighteners , optical brightening agents ( OBAs ), fluorescent brightening agents ( FBAs ), or fluorescent whitening agents ( FWAs ), are chemical compounds that absorb light in the ultraviolet and violet region (usually 340-370 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum , and re-emit light in the blue region (typica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_brightener |
Optical character recognition or optical character reader ( OCR ) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo of a document, a scene photo (for example the text on signs and billboards in a landscape photo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition |
An optical comparator (often called just a comparator in context) or profile projector is a device that applies the principles of optics to the inspection of manufactured parts. In a comparator, the magnified silhouette of a part is projected upon the screen, and the dimensions and geometry of the part are measured aga... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_comparator |
Optical contact bonding is a glueless process whereby two closely conformal surfaces are joined, being held purely by intermolecular forces .
Isaac Newton has been credited with the first description of conformal interaction observed through the interference phenomenon known as Newton's rings , though it was S. D. Poi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_contact_bonding |
An optical cross-connect ( OXC ) is a device used by telecommunications carriers to switch high-speed optical signals in a fiber optic network, such as an optical mesh network .
In the 1980s, when transmission speeds supported by optical fibers increased from 45 Mbit/s to 2.5 Gbit/s , carrier networks developed and in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_cross-connect |
In physics , optical depth or optical thickness is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material.
Thus, the larger the optical depth, the smaller the amount of transmitted radiant power through the material. Spectral optical depth or spectral optical thickness is the nat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_depth |
Optical depth in astrophysics refers to a specific level of transparency . Optical depth and actual depth, τ {\displaystyle \tau } and z {\displaystyle z} respectively, can vary widely depending on the absorptivity of the astrophysical environment. Indeed, τ {\displaystyle \tau } is able to show the relationship betwee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_depth_(astrophysics) |
Optical engineering is the field of engineering encompassing the physical phenomena and technologies associated with the generation, transmission, manipulation, detection, and utilization of light . [ 2 ] Optical engineers use the science of optics to solve problems and to design and build devices that make light do so... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_engineering |
An optical fiber , or optical fibre , is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light [ a ] from one end to the other. Such fibers find wide usage in fiber-optic communications , where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data transfer rates) than electrical cables. Fibe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_fiber |
The optical force is a phenomenon whereby beams of light can attract and repel each other. The force acts along an axis which is perpendicular to the light beams. Because of this, parallel beams can be induced to converge or diverge. The optical force works on a microscopic scale, and cannot currently be detected at la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_force |
Optical lens design is the process of designing a lens to meet a set of performance requirements and constraints, including cost and manufacturing limitations. Parameters include surface profile types ( spherical , aspheric , holographic , diffractive , etc.), as well as radius of curvature , distance to the next surfa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_lens_design |
Optical lift is an optical analogue of aerodynamic lift , in which a cambered refractive object with differently shaped top and bottom surfaces experiences a stable transverse lift force when placed in a uniform stream of light . [ 1 ]
The ability of light to apply pressure to objects is known as radiation pressure , ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_lift |
Optical manufacturing and testing is the process of manufacturing and testing optical components. It spans a wide range of manufacturing procedures and optical test configurations.
The manufacture of a conventional spherical lens typically begins with the generation of the optic's rough shape by grinding a glass blank... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_manufacturing_and_testing |
Optical mapping [ 1 ] is a technique for constructing ordered, genome-wide, high-resolution restriction maps from single, stained molecules of DNA, called "optical maps". By mapping the location of restriction enzyme sites along the unknown DNA of an organism, the spectrum of resulting DNA fragments collectively serves... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_mapping |
In optics , an optical medium is material through which light and other electromagnetic waves propagate. It is a form of transmission medium . The permittivity and permeability of the medium define how electromagnetic waves propagate in it.
The optical medium has an intrinsic impedance , given by
where E x {\displa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_medium |
The optical metric was defined by German theoretical physicist Walter Gordon in 1923 [ 1 ] to study the geometrical optics in curved space-time filled with moving dielectric materials.
Let u a be the normalized (covariant) 4-velocity of the arbitrarily-moving dielectric medium filling the space-time, and assume that t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_metric |
An optical modulator is an optical device which is used to modulate a beam of light with a perturbation device. It is a kind of transmitter to convert information to optical binary signal through optical fiber ( optical waveguide ) or transmission medium of optical frequency in fiber optic communication. There are seve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_modulators_using_semiconductor_nano-structures |
Optical molasses ( OM ) is a laser cooling technique that can cool neutral atoms to as low as a few microkelvins, depending on the atomic species. An optical molasses consists of 3 pairs of counter-propagating orthogonally polarized laser beams intersecting in the region where the atoms are present. The main difference... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_molasses |
An optical mount is a device used to join a normal camera and another optical instrument, such as a microscope or telescope . The optical mount is generally attached to the camera as a lens would on one end, and fastened to the other instrument in a similar fashion. Optical mounts are used extensively in scientific ima... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_mount |
The optical properties of a material define how it interacts with light . The optical properties of matter are studied in optical physics (a subfield of optics ) and applied in materials science . The optical properties of matter include:
A basic distinction is between isotropic materials, which exhibit the same prope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_properties |
The refractive index of water at 20 °C for visible light is 1.33. [ 1 ] The refractive index of normal ice is 1.31 (from List of refractive indices ). In general, an index of refraction is a complex number with real and imaginary parts, where the latter indicates the strength of absorption loss at a particular waveleng... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_properties_of_water_and_ice |
Optical rotation , also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence , is the rotation of the orientation of the plane of polarization about the optical axis of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials. Circular birefringence and circular dichroism are the manifestations of optical a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotation |
In optics , optical rotatory dispersion is the variation of the specific rotation of a medium with respect to the wavelength of light . Usually described by German physicist Paul Drude 's empirical relation: [ 1 ]
[ α ] λ T = ∑ n = 0 ∞ A n λ 2 − λ n 2 {\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{\lambda }^{T}=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotatory_dispersion |
Optical sectioning is the process by which a suitably designed microscope can produce clear images of focal planes deep within a thick sample. This is used to reduce the need for thin sectioning using instruments such as the microtome . Many different techniques for optical sectioning are used and several microscopy te... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_sectioning |
Optical sorting (sometimes called digital sorting ) is the automated process of sorting solid products using cameras and/or lasers .
Depending on the types of sensors used and the software-driven intelligence of the image processing system, optical sorters can recognize an object's color, size, shape, structural prope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_sorting |
An optical spectrometer ( spectrophotometer , spectrograph or spectroscope ) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum , typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials. [ 1 ] The variable measured is most often the irradiance of the ligh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_spectrometer |
The optical stretcher is a dual-beam optical trap that is used for trapping and deforming ("stretching") micrometre-sized soft matter particles, such as biological cells in suspension.
The forces used for trapping and deforming objects arise from photon momentum transfer on the surface of the objects, making the Optica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_stretcher |
In physics , the optical theorem is a general law of wave scattering theory , which relates the zero-angle scattering amplitude to the total cross section of the scatterer. [ 1 ] It is usually written in the form
where f (0) is the scattering amplitude with an angle of zero, that is the amplitude of the wave scattered... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_theorem |
Optical transfection is a biomedical technique that entails introducing nucleic acids (i.e. genetic material such as DNA ) into cells using light. All cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane , which prevents many substances from entering or exiting the cell. Lasers can be used to burn a tiny hole in this membrane, al... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_transfection |
Optical tweezers (originally called single-beam gradient force trap ) are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to hold and move microscopic and sub-microscopic objects like atoms , nanoparticles and droplets, in a manner similar to tweezers . If the object is held in air or vacuum without additio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_tweezers |
Optical units are dimensionless units of length used in optical microscopy . They are used to express distances in terms of the numerical aperture of the system and the wavelength of the light used for observation. Using these units allows comparison of the properties of different microscopes. [ 1 ] For example, the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_unit |
Optical wireless communications ( OWC ) is a form of optical communication in which unguided light is used "in the air" (or in outer space ), without an optical fiber . Visible , infrared (IR), or ultraviolet (UV) light is used to carry a wireless signal. It is generally used in short-range communication; extensions ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_wireless_communications |
Optically active additive (OAA) is an organic or inorganic material which, when added to a coating , makes that coating react to ultraviolet light. This effect enables quick, non-invasive inspection of very large coated areas during the application process allowing the coating inspector to identify and concentrate on d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optically_active_additive |
In physics, optically detected magnetic resonance ( ODMR ) is a technique for detecting quantum objects that are both paramagnetic and optically active. In the case of photoluminescent point defects ( color centers ) in crystals, the “ODMR signal” usually means a decrease in the defect’s fluorescence intensity under co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optically_detected_magnetic_resonance |
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light , including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. [ 1 ] Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible , ultraviolet , and infrared light. Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics |
OptimFROG is a proprietary , lossless audio codec developed by Florin Ghido. OptimFROG is optimized for high compression (small file sizes) at the expense of encoding and decoding speed, and consistently measures among the highest compressing lossless codecs. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] OptimFROG comes with three compressors: a lossle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OptimFROG |
In the design of experiments , optimal experimental designs (or optimum designs [ 2 ] ) are a class of experimental designs that are optimal with respect to some statistical criterion . The creation of this field of statistics has been credited to Danish statistician Kirstine Smith . [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
In the design of exper... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_experimental_design |
Optimal network design is a problem in combinatorial optimization . It is an abstract representation of the problem faced by states and municipalities when they plan their road network. Given a set of locations to connect by roads, the objective is to have a short traveling distance between every two points. More speci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_network_design |
In mathematics and computer science, optimal radix choice is the problem of choosing the base, or radix , that is best suited for representing numbers. Various proposals have been made to quantify the relative costs of using different radices in representing numbers, especially in computer systems. One formula is the n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_radix_choice |
Optimal solutions for the Rubik's Cube are solutions that are the shortest in some sense. There are two common ways to measure the length of a solution. The first is to count the number of quarter turns. The second and more popular is to count the number of outer-layer twists, called "face turns". A move to turn an out... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_solutions_for_the_Rubik's_Cube |
Optimal virulence is a concept relating to the ecology of hosts and parasites . One definition of virulence is the host's parasite-induced loss of fitness . The parasite's fitness is determined by its success in transmitting offspring to other hosts. For about 100 years, the consensus was that virulence decreased and p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_virulence |
The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol ( OLSR ) [ 1 ] is an IP routing protocol optimized for mobile ad hoc networks , which can also be used on other wireless ad hoc networks . OLSR is a proactive link-state routing protocol , which uses hello and topology control (TC) messages to discover and then disseminate lin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimized_Link_State_Routing_Protocol |
The optimized effective potential method ( OEP ) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] in Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT) [ 3 ] [ 4 ] is a method to determine the potentials as functional derivatives of the corresponding KS orbital-dependent energy density functionals . This can be in principle done for any arbitrary orbital-depe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimized_effective_potential_method |
In finance , an option symbol is a code by which options are identified on an options exchange or a futures exchange .
Before 2010, the ticker (trading) symbols for US options typically looked like this: IBMAF .
This consisted of a root symbol ('IBM') + month code ('A') + strike price code ('F'). The root symbol is th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option_symbol |
In probability theory , the optional stopping theorem (or sometimes Doob's optional sampling theorem , for American probabilist Joseph Doob ) says that, under certain conditions, the expected value of a martingale at a stopping time is equal to its initial expected value. Since martingales can be used to model the weal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optional_stopping_theorem |
An optode or optrode is an optical sensor device that optically measures a specific substance usually with the aid of a chemical transducer . [ 1 ]
An optode requires three components to function: a chemical that responds to an analyte , a polymer to immobilise the chemical transducer and instrumentation ( optical fib... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optode |
Optoelectrowetting (OEW) is a method of liquid droplet manipulation used in microfluidics applications. This technique builds on the principle of electrowetting , which has proven useful in liquid actuation due to fast switching response times and low power consumption. Where traditional electrowetting runs into challe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optoelectrowetting |
The Optogalvanic effect is the change in the conductivity of a gas discharge induced by a light source (typically a laser ). This effect has found many applications in atomic spectroscopy and laser stabilization. [ 1 ]
In general, neutral atoms/molecules are generated in a gas discharge, and some of these neutral part... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogalvanic_effect |
Optogenetics began with methods to alter neuronal activity with light, using e.g. channelrhodopsins . In a broader sense, optogenetic approaches also include the use of genetically encoded biosensors to monitor the activity of neurons or other cell types by measuring fluorescence or bioluminescence . Genetically encode... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogenetic_methods_to_record_cellular_activity |
Optogenetics is a biological technique to control the activity of neurons or other cell types with light . This is achieved by expression of light-sensitive ion channels , pumps or enzymes specifically in the target cells. On the level of individual cells , light-activated enzymes and transcription factors allow precis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogenetics |
The optometer was a device used for measuring the necessary spherical and/or cylindrical corrections to be prescribed for eyeglasses , from the middle of the 18th century until around 1922, when modern instruments were developed. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The term, coined in 1738 by W. Porterfield to describe his Scheiner slit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optometer_(ophthalmic_instrument) |
Optomux [ 1 ] is a serial ( RS-422 / RS485 ) network protocol originally developed by Opto 22 in 1982 which is used for industrial automation applications. Optomux is an ASCII protocol consisting of command messages and response messages containing data from an Optomux unit & contain a message checksum to ensure secure... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optomux |
Optomyography (OMG) was proposed in 2015 as a technique that could be used to monitor muscular activity. [ 1 ] It is possible to use OMG for the same applications where Electromyography (EMG) and Mechanomyography (MMG) are used. However, OMG offers superior signal-to-noise ratio and improved robustness against the dist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optomyography |
Oracle Reports [ 1 ] is a tool for developing reports against data stored in an Oracle database . Oracle Reports consists of Oracle Reports Developer (a component of the Oracle Developer Suite ) and Oracle Application Server Reports Services (a component of the Oracle Application Server ).
The report output can be del... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_Reports |
Oral and maxillofacial pathology refers to the diseases of the mouth ("oral cavity" or "stoma"), jaws ("maxillae" or "gnath") and related structures such as salivary glands , temporomandibular joints , facial muscles and perioral skin (the skin around the mouth). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The mouth is an important organ with many di... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_and_maxillofacial_pathology |
Oral ecology is the microbial ecology of the microorganisms found in mouths . Oral ecology, like all forms of ecology , involves the study of the living things found in oral cavities as well as their interactions with each other and with their environment. Oral ecology is frequently investigated from the perspective of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_ecology |
This medical article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
An oral food challenge is a method for determining if a person has a specific food allergy . It involves giving increasing amounts of a food and watching to see if an allergic reaction occurs. They are potentially dangerous. [ 1 ] : 15 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_food_challenge |
Oral microbiology is the study of the microorganisms (microbiota) of the oral cavity and their interactions between oral microorganisms or with the host. [ 1 ] The environment present in the human mouth is suited to the growth of characteristic microorganisms found there. It provides a source of water and nutrients, as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_microbiology |
Tissue engineering of oral mucosa combines cells, materials and engineering to produce a three-dimensional reconstruction of oral mucosa. It is meant to simulate the real anatomical structure and function of oral mucosa. Tissue engineered oral mucosa shows promise for clinical use, such as the replacement of soft tissu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_mucosa_tissue_engineering |
Orange carotenoid protein ( OCP ) is a water-soluble protein which plays a role in photoprotection in diverse cyanobacteria . [ 1 ] It is the only photoactive protein known to use a carotenoid as the photoresponsive chromophore . The protein consists of two domains, with a single keto-carotenoid molecule non-covalently... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_carotenoid_protein |
In geometry , orbifold notation (or orbifold signature ) is a system, invented by the mathematician William Thurston and promoted by John Conway , for representing types of symmetry groups in two-dimensional spaces of constant curvature. The advantage of the notation is that it describes these groups in a way which in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbifold_notation |
orbit@home [ 1 ] was a BOINC -based volunteer computing project of the Planetary Science Institute . It uses the " Orbit Reconstruction, Simulation and Analysis" [ 2 ] framework to optimize the search strategies that are used to find near-Earth objects .
On March 4, 2008, orbit@home completed the installation of its ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit@home |
In mathematics , specifically in the study of dynamical systems , an orbit is a collection of points related by the evolution function of the dynamical system. It can be understood as the subset of phase space covered by the trajectory of the dynamical system under a particular set of initial conditions , as the system... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_(dynamics) |
Orbit modeling is the process of creating mathematical models to simulate motion of a massive body as it moves in orbit around another massive body due to gravity . Other forces such as gravitational attraction from tertiary bodies, air resistance , solar pressure , or thrust from a propulsion system are typically mode... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_modeling |
In mathematics , an orbit portrait is a combinatorial tool used in complex dynamics for understanding the behavior of one-complex dimensional quadratic maps .
In simple words one can say that it is :
Given a quadratic map
from the complex plane to itself
and a repelling or parabolic periodic orbit O = { z 1 , … z n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_portrait |
In computational chemistry , orbital-free density functional theory ( OFDFT ) is a quantum mechanical approach to electronic structure determination which is based on functionals of the electronic density . It is most closely related to the Thomas–Fermi model . Orbital-free density functional theory is, at present, les... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital-free_density_functional_theory |
The Orbital Debris Co-ordination Working Group ( ODCWG ) is one of the working groups of the International Organization for Standardization 's Technical Committee 20/Subcommittee 14 TC20/SC14 "Spacecraft Systems and Operations".
The Orbital Debris Co-ordination Working Group was formed by unanimous agreement at the Ma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_Debris_Co-ordination_Working_Group |
In quantum mechanics , orbital magnetization , M orb , refers to the magnetization induced by orbital motion of charged particles , usually electrons in solids . The term "orbital" distinguishes it from the contribution of spin degrees of freedom, M spin , to the total magnetization. A nonzero orbital magnetization re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_magnetization |
An orbital node is either of the two points where an orbit intersects a plane of reference to which it is inclined. [ 1 ] A non-inclined orbit , which is contained in the reference plane, has no nodes.
Common planes of reference include the following:
If a reference direction from one side of the plane of reference t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_node |
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