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Scotlandite is a sulfite mineral first discovered in a mine at Leadhills in South Lanarkshire , Scotland , an area known to mineralogists and geologists for its wide range of different mineral species found in the veins that lie deep in the mine shafts. This specific mineral is found in the Susanna vein of Leadhills , ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PbSO3 |
soluble in ammonium acetate (≥ 6 mol/L)
soluble in ammonium tartrate in presence of ammonium chloride and ammonia
Lead(II) sulfate (PbSO 4 ) is a white solid, which appears white in microcrystalline form. It is also known as fast white , milk white , sulfuric acid lead salt or anglesite .
It is often seen in the pla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PbSO4 |
Lead telluride is a compound of lead and tellurium (PbTe). It crystallizes in the NaCl crystal structure with Pb atoms occupying the cation and Te forming the anionic lattice. It is a narrow gap semiconductor with a band gap of 0.32 eV. [ 4 ] It occurs naturally as the mineral altaite .
PbTe has proven to be a very im... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PbTe |
Stolzite is a mineral , a lead tungstate ; with the formula Pb W O 4 . It is similar to, and often associated with, wulfenite which is the same chemical formula except that the tungsten is replaced by molybdenum . Stolzite crystallizes in the tetragonal crystal system and is dimorphous with the monoclinic form raspite ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PbWO4 |
Palladium(II) nitrate is the inorganic compound with the formula Pd(NO 3 ) 2 .(H 2 O) x where x = 0 or 2. The anhydrous and dihydrate are deliquescent solids. According to X-ray crystallography , both compounds feature square planar Pd(II) with unidentate nitrate ligands. The anhydrous compound, which is a coordinat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pd(NO3)2 |
Palladium(II,IV) fluoride , also known as palladium trifluoride , is a chemical compound of palladium and fluorine . It has the empirical formula PdF 3 , but is better described as the mixed-valence compound palladium(II) hexafluoropalladate(IV), Pd II [Pd IV F 6 ], and is often written as Pd[PdF 6 ] or Pd 2 F 6 . [ 1 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pd2F6 |
Palladium(II) chloride , also known as palladium dichloride and palladous chloride , are the chemical compounds with the formula PdCl 2 . PdCl 2 is a common starting material in palladium chemistry – palladium-based catalysts are of particular value in organic synthesis . It is prepared by the reaction of chlorine with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdCl2 |
Bis(acetonitrile)palladium dichloride is the coordination complex with the formula PdCl 2 (NCCH 3 ) 2 . It is the adduct of two acetonitrile ligands with palladium(II) chloride . It is a yellow-brown solid that is soluble in organic solvents. The compound is a reagent and a catalyst for reactions that require solubl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdCl2(MeCN)2 |
Bis(benzonitrile)palladium dichloride is the coordination complex with the formula PdCl 2 (NCC 6 H 5 ) 2 . It is the adduct of two benzonitrile (PhCN) ligands with palladium(II) chloride . It is a yellow-brown solid that is soluble in organic solvents. The compound is a reagent and a precatalyst for reactions that r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdCl2(PhCN)2 |
Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium chloride is a coordination compound of palladium containing two triphenylphosphine and two chloride ligands. It is a yellow solid that is soluble in some organic solvents. It is used for palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions , e.g. the Sonogashira–Hagihara reaction . The complex is sq... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdCl2P2 |
Palladium(II) fluoride , also known as palladium difluoride , is the chemical compound of palladium and fluorine with the formula PdF 2 .
PdF 2 is prepared by refluxing palladium(II,IV) fluoride , Pd II [Pd IV F 6 ], with selenium tetrafluoride , SeF 4 .
Like its lighter congener nickel(II) fluoride , PdF 2 adopts a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdF2 |
Palladium(II,IV) fluoride , also known as palladium trifluoride , is a chemical compound of palladium and fluorine . It has the empirical formula PdF 3 , but is better described as the mixed-valence compound palladium(II) hexafluoropalladate(IV), Pd II [Pd IV F 6 ], and is often written as Pd[PdF 6 ] or Pd 2 F 6 . [ 1 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdF3 |
Palladium (IV) fluoride , also known as palladium tetrafluoride , is the chemical compound of palladium and fluorine with the chemical formula PdF 4 . The palladium atoms in PdF 4 are in the +4 oxidation state . [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Palladium tetrafluoride has been prepared by reacting palladium(II,IV) fluoride with fluorine g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdF4 |
Palladium hexafluoride is an inorganic chemical compound of palladium metal and fluorine with the chemical formula PdF 6 . [ 1 ] It is reported to be a still hypothetical compound . [ 2 ] This is one of many palladium fluorides .
Fluorination of palladium powder with atomic fluoride at 900–1700 Pa. [ 3 ]
Palladium he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdF6 |
Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium chloride is a coordination compound of palladium containing two triphenylphosphine and two chloride ligands. It is a yellow solid that is soluble in some organic solvents. It is used for palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions , e.g. the Sonogashira–Hagihara reaction . The complex is sq... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdP2Cl2 |
Pdr1p (Pleiotropic Drug Resistance 1p) is a transcription factor found in yeast and is a key regulator of genes involved in general drug response. It induces the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter , which can export toxic substances out of the cell, allowing cells to survive under general toxic chemicals. [... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pdr1p |
The term peace ecology has been used by Christos Kyrou of American University to describe a proposed theoretical framework that is intended to provide " a better understanding, of the inherent capacities of the environment to inform and sustain peace. " [ 1 ]
Peace ecology was introduced by Professor Christos Kyrou, o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_ecology |
The peace lines or peace walls are a series of separation barriers in Northern Ireland that separate predominantly Irish republican or nationalist Catholic neighbourhoods from predominantly British loyalist or unionist Protestant neighbourhoods. They have been built at urban interface areas in Belfast and elsewhere.
T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_lines |
A browser speed test is a computer benchmark that scores the performance of a web browser , by measuring the browser's efficiency in completing a predefined list of tasks. In general the testing software is available online, located on a website, where different algorithms are loaded and performed in the browser client... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacekeeper_(benchmark) |
Peak is an artificial intelligence company headquartered in Manchester , UK . [ 1 ] It was founded in 2015 [ 2 ] and has additional offices in Jaipur , India , and New York City , United States. It is known for its artificial intelligence platform, a SaaS platform that allows data scientists to build AI workflows, invo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_(company) |
Peak bone mass is the maximum amount of bone a person has during their life. [ 1 ] It typically occurs in the early 20s in females and late 20s in males. [ 2 ] Peak bone mass is typically lower in females than males, and is also lower in White people and Asians compared to black populations. [ 1 ] A way to determine bo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_bone_mass |
Peak calling is a computational method used to identify areas in a genome that have been enriched with aligned reads as a consequence of performing a ChIP-sequencing or MeDIP-seq experiment. These areas are those where a protein interacts with DNA . [ 1 ] When the protein is a transcription factor , the enriched area i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_calling |
Peak information rate ( PIR ) is a burstable rate set on routers and/or switches that allows throughput overhead. Related to committed information rate (CIR) which is a committed rate speed guaranteed/capped. For example, a CIR of 10 Mbit/s PIR of 12 Mbit/s allows you access to 10 Mbit/s minimum speed with burst/spike ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_information_rate |
A peak programme meter ( PPM ) is an instrument used in professional audio that indicates the level of an audio signal .
Different kinds of PPM fall into broad categories:
In professional use, which requires consistent level measurements across an industry, audio level meters often comply with a formal standard. This... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_programme_meter |
The peak–end rule is a psychological heuristic in which people judge an experience largely based on how they felt at its peak (i.e., its most intense point) and at its end, rather than based on the total sum or average of every moment of the experience. The effect occurs regardless of whether the experience is pleasant... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak–end_rule |
In mathematics , specifically in the study of ordinary differential equations , the Peano existence theorem , Peano theorem or Cauchy–Peano theorem , named after Giuseppe Peano and Augustin-Louis Cauchy , is a fundamental theorem which guarantees the existence of solutions to certain initial value problems .
Peano fir... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peano_existence_theorem |
In numerical analysis , the Peano kernel theorem is a general result on error bounds for a wide class of numerical approximations (such as numerical quadratures ), defined in terms of linear functionals . It is attributed to Giuseppe Peano . [ 1 ]
Let V [ a , b ] {\displaystyle {\mathcal {V}}[a,b]} be the space of all... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peano_kernel_theorem |
In mathematical logic , Peano–Russell notation was Bertrand Russell 's application of Giuseppe Peano 's logical notation to the logical notions of Frege and was used in the writing of Principia Mathematica in collaboration with Alfred North Whitehead : [ 1 ]
"The notation adopted in the present work is based upon that... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peano–Russell_notation |
Peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) is plant lectin protein derived from the fruits of Arachis hypogaea . Peanut agglutinin may also be referred to as Arachis hypogaea lectin . Lectins recognise and bind particular sugar sequences in carbohydrates; peanut agglutinin binds the carbohydrate sequence Gal -β(1-3)- GalNAc . The name ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut_agglutinin |
A pear switch is a particular type of electrical switch that usually has the appearance of a small pear. Its operation is very simple, with a button that, depending on the type, is pressed to activate or deactivate a circuit or is simply pressed like a pushbutton , for example in photographic enlarger switches. [ 1 ] [... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pear_switch |
Pearl.com [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is an "online paid question-and-answer service" based in San Francisco . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] "People aren't always willing to wait" [ 6 ] in "legal, medical and other advice" [ 5 ] led to "a growing number of those help-seekers are getting their guidance online."
Pearl.com began in 2003 as JustAnsw... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl.com |
In superconductivity , a Pearl vortex is a vortex of supercurrent in a thin film of type-II superconductor , first described in 1964 by Judea Pearl . [ 1 ] A Pearl vortex is similar to Abrikosov vortex except for its magnetic field profile which, due to the dominant air-metal interface, diverges sharply as 1/ r {\displ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_vortex |
Pearlite is a two-phased , lamellar (or layered) structure composed of alternating layers of ferrite (87.5 wt%) and cementite (12.5 wt%) that occurs in some steels and cast irons . During slow cooling of an iron-carbon alloy, pearlite forms by a eutectoid reaction as austenite cools below 723 °C (1,333 °F) (the eutecto... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearlite |
Pearls in Graph Theory: A Comprehensive Introduction is an undergraduate-level textbook on graph theory by Nora Hartsfield and Gerhard Ringel . It was published in 1990 by Academic Press [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] with a revised edition in 1994 [ 4 ] and a paperback reprint of the revised edition by Dover Books in 2003. [ 5 ] T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearls_in_Graph_Theory |
The Pearson symbol , or Pearson notation , is used in crystallography as a means of describing a crystal structure . [ 1 ] It was originated by William Burton Pearson and is used extensively in Pearson's handbook of crystallographic data for intermetallic phases. [ 2 ] The symbol is made up of two letters followed by a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson_symbol |
The Peaucellier–Lipkin linkage (or Peaucellier–Lipkin cell , or Peaucellier–Lipkin inversor ), invented in 1864, was the first true planar straight line mechanism – the first planar linkage capable of transforming rotary motion into perfect straight-line motion , and vice versa. It is named after Charles-Nicolas Peauce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peaucellier–Lipkin_linkage |
Pebble is a discontinued smartwatch developed by Pebble Technology Corporation based in Palo Alto, California that shipped from 2013 to 2016. A brainchild of Eric Migicovsky , funding was conducted through a Kickstarter campaign in 2012. It was the most funded project in Kickstarter history at the time, raising $10.3 m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble_(watch) |
Pebble Time is a discontinued smartwatch developed by Pebble Technology and assembled by Foxlink, released on 14 May 2015. This is the first Pebble to introduce a color e-paper display, as well as a microphone, a new charging cable and a new Pebble Time-optimized operating system . [ 5 ]
In early 2015, Pebble announce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble_Time |
A process related to the sol-gel route is the Pechini, or liquid mix, process (named after its American inventor, Maggio Pechini). An aqueous solution of suitable oxides or salts is mixed with an alpha hydroxycarboxylic acid such as citric acid. Chelation, or the formation of complex ring-shaped compounds around the me... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pechini_process |
The Pechmann condensation is a synthesis of coumarins , starting from a phenol and a carboxylic acid or ester containing a β- carbonyl group. [ 1 ] The condensation is performed under acidic conditions. The mechanism involves an esterification/transesterification followed by attack of the activated carbonyl ortho to t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pechmann_condensation |
G. W. Peck is a pseudonymous attribution used as the author or co-author of a number of published academic papers in mathematics . Peck is sometimes humorously identified with George Wilbur Peck , a former governor of the US state of Wisconsin . [ 1 ]
Peck first appeared as the official author of a 1979 paper entitled... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peck_poset |
In Euclidean geometry , for a plane curve C and a given fixed point O , the pedal equation of the curve is a relation between r and p where r is the distance from O to a point on C and p is the perpendicular distance from O to the tangent line to C at the point. The point O is called the pedal point and the values r an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedal_equation |
A pedalboard (also called a pedal keyboard , pedal clavier , or, with electronic instruments, a bass pedalboard [ 1 ] ) is a keyboard played with the feet that is usually used to produce the low-pitched bass line of a piece of music. A pedalboard has long, narrow lever-style keys laid out in the same semitone scalar pa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedal_keyboard |
The Pederson process is a process of refining aluminum that first separates iron by reducing it to metal , and reacting alumina with lime to produce calcium aluminate, which is then leached with sodium hydroxide . [ 1 ] It is more environmentally friendly than the more well-known Bayer process . [ 2 ] This is because i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedersen_process |
Pediatric endocrinology ( British : Paediatric) is a medical subspecialty dealing with disorders of the endocrine glands , such as variations of physical growth and sexual development in childhood, diabetes and many more. [ citation needed ]
By age, pediatric endocrinologists, depending upon the age range of the pati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pediatric_endocrinology |
Pedocal is a subdivision of the zonal soil order . It is a class of soil which forms in semiarid and arid regions. It is rich in calcium carbonate and has low soil organic matter . With only a thin A horizon ( topsoil ), and intermittent precipitation calcite , other soluble minerals ordinarily removed by water may bu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedocal |
A pedometer , or step-counter , is a device, usually portable and electronic or electromechanical , that counts each step a person takes by detecting the motion of the person's hands or hips . Because the distance of each person's step varies, an informal calibration , performed by the user, is required if presentation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedometer |
The pedosphere (from Ancient Greek πέδον ( pédon ) ' ground, earth ' and σφαῖρα ( sphaîra ) ' sphere ' ) is the outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil and subject to soil formation processes. It exists at the interface of the lithosphere , atmosphere , hydrosphere and biosphere . [ 1 ] The pedosphere is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedosphere |
Peek Inc. was a technology company founded in 2007. Headquartered in New York City from 2008 to 2012, the company offered a series of mobile handheld devices that provided access to email and various social networks.
Peek was founded in 2007 by three of the first four employees at Virgin Mobile USA : [ 1 ] Rob Gray, V... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peek_(mobile_Internet_device) |
The peeler centrifuge is a device that performs by rotating filtration basket in an axis. A centrifuge follows on the principle of centrifugal force to separate solids from liquids by density difference. High rotation speed provides high centrifugal force that allows the suspended solid in feed to settle on the inner s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peeler_centrifuge |
Peer-to-Patent Australia [ 1 ] was an initiative designed to improve the patent examination process and the quality of issued patents by connecting the review of pending patents to an open network of experts online.
Peer-to-Patent Australia is focused on helping patent offices perform high-quality examinations of pend... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-Patent_Australia |
Peer-to-peer video sharing is a basic service on top of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS).
Early proprietary implementations might also run a simple SIP infrastructure, too.
The GSM Association calls it "Video Share". The peer-to-peer video sharing functionality is defined by the Phase 1 of the GSMA Video Share servic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer_video_sharing |
Peer Bork (born 4 May 1963 [ 1 ] ) is a German bioinformatician . [ 2 ] He is Interim Director General of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL). [ 3 ] Prior to his appointment he served as director of the EMBL site in Heidelberg , in south-west Germany. [ 4 ]
Bork received his PhD in biochemistry in 1990 fr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_Bork |
In mathematics , Peetre's inequality, named after Jaak Peetre , says that for any real number t {\displaystyle t} and any vectors x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} in R n , {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n},} the following inequality holds: ( 1 + | x | 2 1 + | y | 2 ) t ≤ 2 | t | ( 1 + | x − y | 2 ) | t | . {\d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peetre's_inequality |
In mathematics , the (linear) Peetre theorem, named after Jaak Peetre , is a result of functional analysis that gives a characterisation of differential operators in terms of their effect on generalized function spaces , and without mentioning differentiation in explicit terms. The Peetre theorem is an example of a fi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peetre_theorem |
A peg loom is a simple weaving loom . Handheld weaving sticks use the same principle.
A peg loom is a board, usually wooden, with one or more rows of holes, and a set of wooden or nylon pegs which fit into these holes. Each peg is a dowel with a hole drilled along its diameter near one end. Handheld weaving sticks are... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peg_loom |
Peggoty Mutai is a Kenyan chemist.
Born in Kericho , her interests include medicinal chemistry, in particular working with the search for new treatments against parasitic worms . [ 1 ]
After studying at the University of Nairobi , Kenya, where she obtained her Bachelor of Science and her Master's degree in pharmacy a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peggoty_Mutai |
Pegol is a term used in generic names for pharmaceutical drugs to indicate the presence of a polyethylene glycol attachment ( pegylation ). The term is used for monoclonal antibodies and engineered proteins as well as for small molecules . The purpose of the pegylation is to extend the half-life of the drug. [ 1 ]
Exa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegol |
In theoretical physics , the Peierls bracket is an equivalent description [ clarification needed ] of the Poisson bracket . It can be defined directly from the action and does not require the canonical coordinates and their canonical momenta to be defined in advance. [ clarification needed ]
The bracket [ clarificatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peierls_bracket |
Peierls stress (or Peierls-Nabarro stress, also known as the lattice friction stress [ 1 ] ) is the force (first described by Rudolf Peierls and modified by Frank Nabarro ) needed to move a dislocation within a plane of atoms in the unit cell . The magnitude varies periodically as the dislocation moves within the plane... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peierls_stress |
A Peierls transition or Peierls distortion is a distortion of the periodic lattice of a one-dimensional crystal. Atomic positions oscillate, so that the perfect order of the 1-D crystal is broken. [ 1 ] It is named after Rudolf Peierls .
Peierls' theorem [ 2 ] states that a one-dimensional equally spaced chain with o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peierls_transition |
In logic , Peirce's law is named after the philosopher and logician Charles Sanders Peirce . It was taken as an axiom in his first axiomatisation of propositional logic . It can be thought of as the law of excluded middle written in a form that involves only one sort of connective, namely implication.
In proposition... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirce's_law |
In the theory of dynamical systems , Peixoto's theorem , proved by Maurício Peixoto , states that among all smooth flows on surfaces , i.e. compact two-dimensional manifolds , structurally stable systems may be characterized by the following properties:
Moreover, they form an open set in the space of all flows endowed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peixoto's_theorem |
The pelB leader sequence is a sequence of amino acids which, when attached to a protein , directs the protein to the bacterial periplasm , where the sequence is removed by a signal peptidase . [ 1 ] Specifically, pelB refers to pectate lyase B of Erwinia carotovora CE. The leader sequence consists of the 22 N-terminal ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PelB_leader_sequence |
Pellets are a processed form of iron ore utilized in the steel industry, specifically designed for direct application in blast furnaces or direct reduction plants. These pellets are spherical in shape, with diameters ranging from 8 to 18 millimeters.
The production of iron ore pellets involves several steps, including... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellet_(steel_industry) |
Pelletizing is the process of compressing or molding a material into the shape of a pellet. A wide range of different materials are pelletized including chemicals , iron ore , animal compound feed , plastics ( nurdles ), waste materials, and more. The process is considered an excellent option for the storage and transp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelletizing |
The term pellis refers to the cellular cortical layers of a mushroom . The term was introduced by Dutch mycologist Cornelis Bas in 1969, who distinguished different layers of the pellis as suprapellis, mediopellis and subpellis. [ 1 ] He also distinguished various topographies of the pellis. For example, pileipellis re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellis |
The Pellizzari reaction was discovered in 1911 by Guido Pellizzari, and is the organic reaction of an amide and a hydrazide to form a 1,2,4-triazole . [ 1 ]
The product is similar to that of the Einhorn-Brunner reaction , but the mechanism itself is not regioselective .
The mechanism begins by the nitrogen in the hyd... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellizzari_reaction |
In marine navigation , a pelorus is a reference tool for maintaining bearing of a vessel at sea. It is a "simplified compass" without a directive element, suitably mounted and provided with vanes to permit observation of relative bearings. [ 1 ]
The instrument was named for one Pelorus, said to have been the pilot for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelorus_(instrument) |
The pelvic thrust is the thrusting motion of the pelvic region, which is used for a variety of activities, such as dance, exercise, or sexual activity .
The pelvic thrust is used during copulation by many species of mammals , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] including humans, [ 4 ] or for other sexual activities (such as non-penetra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_thrust |
Pelvic tilt is the orientation of the pelvis in respect to the thighbones and the rest of the body. The pelvis can tilt towards the front, back, or either side of the body. [ 1 ]
Anterior pelvic tilt and posterior pelvic tilt are very common abnormalities in regard to the orientation of the pelvis.
Anterior Pelvic T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_tilt |
Pempidine is a nicotinic antagonist drug, first reported in 1958 by two research groups working independently, and introduced as an oral treatment for hypertension . [ 1 ]
Reports on the "classical" pharmacology of pempidine have been published. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The Spinks group, at ICI , compared pempidine, its N -ethyl a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pempidine |
Pencil beam scanning is the practice of steering a beam of radiation or charged particles across an object. It is often used in proton therapy , to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure to surrounding non-cancerous cells.
Ionizing radiation photons or x-rays ( IMRT ) use pencil beam scanning to precisely target a tumo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pencil-beam_scanning |
Pendant group Side-group An offshoot, neither oligomeric nor polymeric, from a chain. [ 1 ]
In IUPAC nomenclature of chemistry , a pendant group (sometimes spelled pendent ) or side group is a group of atoms attached to a backbone chain of a long molecule , usually a polymer . Pendant groups are different from pendant... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendant_group |
The Pendellösung effect or phenomenon is seen in diffraction in which there is a beating in the intensity of electromagnetic waves travelling within a crystal lattice . It was predicted by P. P. Ewald in 1916 [ 1 ] and first observed in electron diffraction of magnesium oxide in 1942 by Robert D. Heidenreich [ 2 ] and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendellösung |
Pendimethalin is an herbicide of the dinitroaniline class [ 2 ] used premergently and postemergently to control annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds . It inhibits cell division and cell elongation. Pendimethalin is a K1-group (in Australia group D, or numerically group 3) according to the Herbicide Resistance Act... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendimethalin |
Pendular water is the moisture clinging to particles, such as soil particles or sand, because of surface tension . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
At the moisture content of a specific yield , gravity drainage will cease. This term relates to hydrology and groundwater flow . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendular_water |
A pendulum is a body suspended from a fixed support such that it freely swings back and forth under the influence of gravity. When a pendulum is displaced sideways from its resting, equilibrium position, it is subject to a restoring force due to gravity that will accelerate it back towards the equilibrium position. Whe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendulum_(mechanics) |
Penetrance in genetics is the proportion of individuals carrying a particular variant (or allele ) of a gene ( genotype ) that also expresses an associated trait ( phenotype ). In medical genetics , the penetrance of a disease -causing mutation is the proportion of individuals with the mutation that exhibit clinical sy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetrance |
A biochemical penetrant is a chemical that increases the ability of a poison to apply its toxic effect to a living organism.
Typically, the term penetrant when used for a biochemical agent, relates to an agrichemical that is used with a weedkiller or fungicide . [ 1 ] The term seems to be used in relation to agrichemi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetrant_(biochemical) |
Penetrants , or penetrating items , are the mechanical, electrical or structural items that pass through an opening in a wall or floor, such as pipes , electrical conduits , ducting , electrical cables and cable trays , or structural steel beams and columns. When these items pierce a wall or floor assembly, they create... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetrant_(mechanical,_electrical,_or_structural) |
Penetrating oil , also known as penetrating fluid , is a low-viscosity oil . It can be used to free rusted mechanical parts (such as nuts and bolts) so that they can be removed, because it can penetrate into the narrow space between the threads of two parts. It can also be used as a cleaner; however, it should not be ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetrating_oil |
A penetration , in firestopping , is an opening, such as one created by the use of a cast-in-place sleeve , in a wall or floor assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating , for the purpose of accommodating the passage of a mechanical, electrical, or structural penetrant . [ 1 ]
The penetration may or may not co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_(firestop) |
Penetration depth is a measure of how deep light or any electromagnetic radiation can penetrate into a material. It is defined as the depth at which the intensity of the radiation inside the material falls to 1/ e (about 37%) of its original value at (or more properly, just beneath) the surface.
When electromagnetic r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_depth |
Penetration enhancers (also called chemical penetration enhancers, absorption enhancers or sorption promotors) are chemical compounds that can facilitate the penetration of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) into or through the poorly permeable biological membranes. These compounds are used in some pharmaceutical ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_enhancer |
A penetrometer is a device to test the strength of a material .
There are many types of penetrometer designed to be used on soil. They are usually round or cone shaped. The penetrometer is dropped on the test subject or pressed against it and the depth of the resulting hole is measured. The measurements find whether t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetrometer |
The Penex process is a continuous catalytic process used in the refining of crude oil . It isomerizes light naphtha (C 5 /C 6 ) into higher-octane, branched C 5 /C 6 molecules . It also reduces the concentration of benzene in the gasoline pool. [ 1 ] It was first used commercially in 1958. [ 2 ] Ideally, the isomerizat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penex |
Peng Sixun ( Chinese : 彭司勛 ; 28 July 1919 – 9 December 2018) was a Chinese medicinal chemist.
A native of Baojing County , Peng was of Tujia descent. He graduated from the National College of Pharmacy in 1942, and completed a master's degree at Columbia University in 1950. Peng returned to teach at his alma mater, whi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng_Sixun |
A peniche (or stand-off [ 1 ] ) is material inserted between a half-model, often of an airplane , and the wall of a wind tunnel . Péniche is a French nautical term meaning barge. The purpose of the peniche is to remove or reduce the influence of the boundary layer on the half-model. [ 2 ] The effect of the peniche itse... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peniche_(fluid_dynamics) |
Penicillamine , sold under the brand name of Cuprimine among others, is a medication primarily used for the treatment of Wilson's disease . [ 1 ] It is also used for people with kidney stones who have high urine cystine levels , rheumatoid arthritis , and various heavy metal poisonings . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is taken by mout... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillamine |
The Penman equation describes evaporation ( E ) from an open water surface, and was developed by Howard Penman in 1948. Penman's equation requires daily mean temperature , wind speed , air pressure , and solar radiation to predict E. Simpler Hydrometeorological equations continue to be used where obtaining such data ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penman_equation |
The Penman-Monteith equation approximates net evapotranspiration (ET) from meteorological data as a replacement for direct measurement of evapotranspiration. The equation is widely used, and was derived by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization for modeling reference evapotranspiration ET 0 . [ 1 ]
Evapo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penman–Monteith_equation |
A Penning mixture is a mixture of gases that is used in electric gas-discharge lamps . It is defined as a mixture of one inert gas with a minute amount of another gas, one that has lower ionization voltage than the main constituent. It is named after Frans Michel Penning . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
The well-known neon lighting and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penning_mixture |
A Penning trap is a device for the storage of charged particles using a homogeneous magnetic field and a quadrupole electric field . It is mostly found in the physical sciences and related fields of study for precision measurements of properties of ions and stable subatomic particles , like for example mass, [ 1 ] fiss... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penning_trap |
The Penning–Malmberg trap ( PM trap ), named after Frans Penning and John Malmberg , is an electromagnetic device used to confine large numbers of charged particles of a single sign of charge. Much interest in Penning–Malmberg (PM) traps arises from the fact that if the density of particles is large and the temperature... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penning–Malmberg_trap |
The Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory (short: Penn State ARL or simply ARL ), is a specialized research unit dedicated to interdisciplinary scientific research at the Penn State University Park campus. The ARL is a DoD designated U.S. Navy University Affiliated Research Center . It is the univer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University_Applied_Research_Laboratory |
The penny battery is a voltaic pile which uses various coinage as the metal disks (pennies) of a traditional voltaic pile. The coins are stacked with pieces of electrolyte soaked paper in between (see diagram at right). The penny battery experiment is common during electrochemistry units in an educational setting.
Eac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penny_battery |
In mathematics and physics , Penrose graphical notation or tensor diagram notation is a (usually handwritten) visual depiction of multilinear functions or tensors proposed by Roger Penrose in 1971. [ 1 ] A diagram in the notation consists of several shapes linked together by lines.
The notation widely appears in moder... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrose_graphical_notation |
In the mathematical theory of games , the Penrose square root law , originally formulated by Lionel Penrose , concerns the distribution of the voting power in a voting body consisting of N members. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It states that the a priori voting power of any voter, measured by the Penrose–Banzhaf index ψ {\display... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrose_square_root_law |
The Penrose triangle , also known as the Penrose tribar , the impossible tribar , [ 1 ] or the impossible triangle , [ 2 ] is a triangular impossible object , an optical illusion consisting of an object which can be depicted in a perspective drawing. It cannot exist as a solid object in ordinary three-dimensional Eucli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrose_triangle |
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