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Application security(shortAppSec) includes all tasks that introduce a securesoftware development life cycleto development teams. Its final goal is to improve security practices and, through that, to find, fix and preferably prevent security issues within applications. It encompasses the whole application life cycle fro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_security |
Acomputer wormis a standalonemalwarecomputer programthat replicates itself in order to spread to other computers.[1]It often uses acomputer networkto spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it. It will use this machine as a host to scan and infect other computers. When these new wor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worm_(computing) |
Amobile operating systemis anoperating systemused forsmartphones,tablets,smartwatches, smartglasses, or other non-laptoppersonalmobile computing devices. While computers such aslaptopsare "mobile", the operating systems used on them are usually not considered mobile, as they were originally designed fordesktop computer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_system |
Acomputer wormis a standalonemalwarecomputer programthat replicates itself in order to spread to other computers.[1]It often uses acomputer networkto spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it. It will use this machine as a host to scan and infect other computers. When these new wor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_worm |
Aspambotis acomputer programdesigned to assist in the sending ofspam. Spambots usually create accounts and send spam messages with them.[1]Web hosts and website operators have responded by banning spammers, leading to an ongoing struggle between them and spammers in which spammers find new ways to evade the bans and an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spambot |
Anadvanced persistent threat(APT) is a stealthythreat actor, typically astateor state-sponsored group, which gains unauthorized access to acomputer networkand remains undetected for an extended period.[1][2]In recent times, the term may also refer to non-state-sponsored groups conducting large-scale targeted intrusions... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Persistent_Threat |
Volunteer computingis a type ofdistributed computingin which people donate their computers' unused resources to a research-oriented project,[1]and sometimes in exchange for credit points.[2]The fundamental idea behind it is that a modern desktop computer is sufficiently powerful to perform billions of operations a seco... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_computing |
Thebrown-headed cowbird(Molothrus ater) is a small, obligatebrood parasiticicteridnative totemperateandsubtropicalNorth America. It is a permanent resident in the southern parts of its range; northern birdsmigrateto the southern United States andMexicoin winter, returning to their summer habitat around March or April.[... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown-headed_cowbird |
TheChaos Computer Club(CCC) is Europe's largest association ofhackers[1]with 7,700 registered members.[2]Founded in 1981, the association is incorporated as aneingetragener Vereinin Germany, with local chapters (calledErfa-Kreise) in various cities in Germany and the surrounding countries, particularly where there are ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_Computer_Club |
The United States has often accused thePeople's Republic of Chinaof attempting to unlawfully acquire U.S.military technologyandclassified informationas well astrade secretsof U.S. companies[1][2]in order to support China's long-term military and commercial development.[3]Chinese government agencies, affiliated personne... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_intelligence_operations_in_the_United_States |
Cyber spying on universitiesis the practice of obtaining secrets and information without the permission and knowledge of the university through its information technology system. Universities in the United Kingdom, including Oxford andCambridge, have been targets,[1]as have institutions in the United States[2]andAustr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber_spying_on_universities |
Cyber threat intelligence(CTI) is a subfield ofcybersecuritythat focuses on the structured collection, analysis, and dissemination of data regarding potential or existingcyber threats.[1][2]It provides organizations with the insights necessary to anticipate, prevent, and respond tocyberattacksby understanding the behav... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber_threat_intelligence |
Cyberwarfareis the use ofcyber attacksagainst an enemystate, causing comparable harm to actualwarfareand/or disrupting vitalcomputer systems.[1]Some intended outcomes could beespionage,sabotage,propaganda,manipulationoreconomic warfare.
There is significant debate among experts regarding the definition of cyberwarfare... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberwarfare |
Employee monitoring software, also known asbosswareortattleware, is a means ofemployee monitoring, and allows company administrators to monitor and supervise all their employee computers from a central location.[1]It is normallydeployedover abusiness networkand allows for easy centralized log viewing via onecentral net... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employee_monitoring_software |
GhostNet(simplified Chinese:幽灵网;traditional Chinese:幽靈網;pinyin:YōuLíngWǎng) is the name given by researchers at theInformation Warfare Monitorto a large-scalecyber spying[1][2]operation discovered in March 2009. The operation is likely associated with anadvanced persistent threat, or a network actor that spies undetect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GhostNet |
Proactive cyber defensemeans acting in anticipation to oppose an attack through cyber and cognitive domains.[1]Proactive cyber defense can be understood as options between offensive and defensive measures. It includes interdicting, disrupting or deterring an attack or a threat's preparation to attack, either pre-emptiv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proactive_Cyber_Defence |
Stalkerwareismonitoring softwareorspywarethat is used forcyberstalking.[1][2]The term was coined when people started to widely use commercial spyware or monitoring software to spy on their spouses orintimate partners. Stalkerware has been criticized because of its use by abusers, stalkers, and employers.[3][4]
Many in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalkerware |
Surveillanceis the monitoring of behavior, many activities, or information for the purpose of information gathering, influencing,managing, or directing.[1][2]This can include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment, such asclosed-circuit television(CCTV), or interception of electronically transmitt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveillance |
Titan Rainwas a series of coordinated attacks oncomputersystems in theUnited Statessince 2003; they were known to have been ongoing for at least three years.[1]The attacks originated inGuangdong,China.[2]The activity is believed to be associated with a state-sponsoredadvanced persistent threat. It was given the designa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_Rain |
TheVulkan filesare a leaked set of emails, and other documents, implicating the Russian companyNTC Vulkan(Russian:НТЦ Вулкан) in acts ofcybercrime, political interference in foreign affairs (such as in the2016 United States presidential election) throughsocial media, censorship of domestic social media, andespionage, i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkan_files_leak |
Zeusis aTrojan horsemalwarepackage that runs on versions ofMicrosoft Windows. It is often used to stealbanking informationbyman-in-the-browserkeystroke loggingandform grabbing.[1]Zeus is spread mainly throughdrive-by downloadsandphishingschemes. First identified in July 2007 when it was used to steal information from ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeus_(Trojan_horse) |
Srizbi BotNetis considered one of the world's largestbotnets, and responsible for sending out more than half of all thespambeing sent by all the major botnets combined.[1][2][3]The botnets consist of computers infected by the Srizbitrojan, which sent spam on command. Srizbi suffered a massive setback in November 2008 w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srizbi_botnet |
Facebookis asocial mediaandsocial networking serviceowned by the American technology conglomerateMeta. Created in 2004 byMark Zuckerbergwith four otherHarvard Collegestudents and roommates,Eduardo Saverin,Andrew McCollum,Dustin Moskovitz, andChris Hughes, its name derives from theface bookdirectories often given to Ame... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook |
Facebook(and parent companyMeta Platforms) has been the subject of criticism and legal action since it was founded in 2004.[1]Criticisms include the outsize influence Facebook has on the lives and health of its users and employees, as well as Facebook's influence on the way media, specifically news, is reported and dis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Facebook |
The history ofFacebooktraces its growth from a college networking site to a globalsocial networkingservice. It was launched as TheFacebook in 2004, and renamed Facebook in 2005.[1]
Founded byMark Zuckerbergand his college roommatesEduardo Saverin,Andrew McCollum,Dustin Moskovitz, andChris Hughes[2]atHarvard University... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Facebook |
Asocial networking service(SNS), orsocial networking site, is a type of onlinesocial mediaplatform which people use to buildsocial networksorsocial relationshipswith other people who share similar personal or career content, interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections.[1][2]
Social networking services ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issues_involving_social_networking_services |
Meta Platforms Inc., or Meta for short (formerly known asFacebook), has faced a number of privacy concerns. These stem partly from the company's revenue model that involves selling information collected about its users for many things including advertisement targeting. Meta Platforms Inc. has also been a part of many d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_concerns_of_Facebook |
Malware analysisis the study or process of determining the functionality, origin and potential impact of a given malware sample such as avirus,worm,trojan horse,rootkit, orbackdoor.[1]Malwareor malicious software is any computer software intended to harm the host operating system or tosteal sensitive datafrom users, or... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malware_analysis |
Mobile malwareis malicious software that targetsmobile phonesor wireless-enabledPersonal digital assistants(PDA), by causing the collapse of the system and loss or leakage of confidential information. As wireless phones and PDA networks have become more and more common and have grown in complexity, it has become increa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_malware |
MiniPanzerandMegaPanzerare two variants ofBundestrojaner(German for federalTrojan horse) written for ERA IT Solutions (aSwiss federal governmentcontractor) by software engineer Ruben Unteregger, and later used by Switzerland'sFederal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications(UVEK) to interceptSkyp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiniPanzer_and_MegaPanzer |
Apotentially unwanted program(PUP) orpotentially unwanted application(PUA) is software that a user may perceive as unwanted or unnecessary. It is used as a subjective tagging criterion by security and parental control products. Such software may use an implementation that can compromise privacy or weaken the computer's... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentially_unwanted_program |
Account verificationis the process of verifying that a new or existing account is owned and operated by a specified real individual or organization. A number of websites, for examplesocial mediawebsites, offer account verification services. Verified accounts are often visually distinguished bycheck markicons or badges... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Account_verification |
Capgras delusionorCapgras syndromeis apsychiatric disorderin which a person holds adelusionthat a friend, spouse, parent, other close family member, or pet has been replaced by an identicalimpostor. It is named afterJoseph Capgras(1873–1950), the French psychiatrist who first described the disorder.
The Capgras delusi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capgras_delusion |
Anidentity scoreis a system for detectingidentity theft. Identity scores are increasingly being adopted as a means to preventfraudin business[1]and as a tool to verify and correctpublic records.
Identity scores incorporate, a broad set ofconsumerdata that gauges a person's legitimacy. Identity score components can in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_score |
Animpersonatoris someone who imitates or copies the behavior or actions of another.[1]There are many reasons for impersonating someone:
Celebrity impersonatorsare impostors who look similar tocelebritiesand dress in such a way as to imitate them. Impersonators are known as sound-alikes, look-alikes, impressionists, im... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impersonation |
Animpostor(also spelledimposter)[1]is a person who pretends to be somebody else, often through means ofdisguise, deceiving others by knowingly falsifying one or more aspects of their identity.[1]This is in contrast to someone that honestly believes their false identity due to psychosis (break from reality), mistake (e.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impostor |
Internetfraud preventionis the act of stopping various types ofinternet fraud. Due to the many different ways of committing fraud over the Internet, such asstolen credit cards,identity theft,phishing, andchargebacks, users of the Internet, including online merchants, financial institutions and consumers who make online... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_fraud_prevention |
Cybersquatting(also known asdomain squatting) is the practice of registering, trafficking in, or using anInternet domain name, with abad faithintent to profit from thegoodwillof atrademarkbelonging to someone else.
The term is derived from "squatting", which is the act of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied space or ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapsed_lurker |
Pharmingis acyberattackintended to redirect awebsite's traffic to another, fake site by installing a malicious program on the victim's computer in order to gain access to it.[citation needed]Pharming can be conducted either by changing thehosts fileon a victim's computer or byexploitationof avulnerabilityinDNS serverso... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharming |
Robert Siciliano(born May 25, 1968) is an American security analyst,authorand media personality. He delivers presentations throughout theUnited StatesandCanadaonidentity theftprotection and personalsecurity,[3]includingself-defense.[4]
Siciliano has appeared on United States–based television programming such asThe Tod... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Siciliano |
Spammingis the use of messaging systems to send multiple unsolicited messages (spam) to large numbers of recipients for the purpose of commercialadvertising, non-commercialproselytizing, or any prohibited purpose (especiallyphishing), or simply repeatedly sending the same message to the same user. While the most widely... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spamming |
Business intelligence(BI) consists of strategies, methodologies, and technologies used by enterprises fordata analysisand management of businessinformation.[1]Common functions of BI technologies includereporting,online analytical processing,analytics,dashboarddevelopment,data mining,process mining,complex event process... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_intelligence |
Corporate warfareis a form ofinformation warfarein which attacks on companies by other companies take place.[1][2]Such warfare may be part ofeconomic warfareandcyberwarfare; but can involve espionage, 'dirty' PR tactics, or physical theft.[3]The intention is largely to destabilise or sink the value of the opposing comp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_warfare |
TheFederal Bureau of Investigation(FBI) is the domesticintelligenceandsecurityservice of theUnited Statesandits principal federal law enforcement agency. An agency of theUnited States Department of Justice, the FBI is a member of theU.S. Intelligence Communityand reports to both theattorney generaland thedirector of na... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI |
Genetically modified maize(corn) is agenetically modified crop. Specific maize strains have beengenetically engineeredto express agriculturally-desirabletraits, including resistance to pests and to herbicides. Maize strains with both traits are now in use in multiple countries. GM maize has also caused controversy with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_maize#Corporate_espionage |
India is one of the largest tea producers in the world, although over 70 per cent of its tea is consumed within India itself. A number of renowned teas, such asAssamandDarjeeling, also grow exclusively in India. The Indian tea industry has grown to own many global tea brands and has evolved into one of the most technol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tea_in_India#History |
Labor spying in the United Stateshad involved people recruited or employed for the purpose ofgathering intelligence, committingsabotage, sowing dissent, or engaging in other similar activities, in the context of an employer/labor organization relationship. Spying by companies on union activities has been illegal in the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_spying_in_the_United_States |
Reverse engineering(also known asbackwards engineeringorback engineering) is a process or method through which one attempts to understand throughdeductive reasoninghow a previously made device, process, system, or piece ofsoftwareaccomplishes a task with very little (if any) insight into exactly how it does so. Dependi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_engineering |
Dirty COW(Dirty copy-on-write) is acomputer security vulnerabilityof theLinux kernelthat affected all Linux-based operating systems, includingAndroiddevices, that used older versions of the Linux kernel created before 2018. It is a localprivilege escalationbug that exploits arace conditionin the implementation of theco... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirty_COW |
Clickjacking(classified as auser interface redress attackorUI redressing) is amalicious techniqueof tricking auserinto clicking on something different from what the user perceives, thus potentially revealingconfidentialinformation or allowing others to take control of their computer while clicking on seemingly innocuou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickjack |
Atechnical support scam, ortech support scam, is a type ofscamin which a scammer claims to offer a legitimatetechnical supportservice. Victims contact scammers in a variety of ways, often through fakepop-upsresemblingerror messagesor via fake "help lines" advertised onwebsitesowned by the scammers. Technical support sc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tech_support_scam |
Watering holeis acomputer attackstrategy in which an attacker guesses or observes which websites an organization often uses and infects one or more of them withmalware. Eventually, some member of the targeted group will become infected.[1][2][3]Hacks looking for specific information may only attack users coming from a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watering_hole_attack |
Thepoint of sale(POS) orpoint of purchase(POP) is the time and place at which a retail transaction is completed. At the point of sale, themerchantcalculates the amount owed by thecustomer, indicates that amount, may prepare aninvoicefor the customer (which may be a cash register printout), and indicates the options fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_of_sale |
Kasidet POS Malwareis a variant ofPoint of Sale(POS) Malware that performsDDoS attacksusing Namecoin's Dot-Bit service to scrape payment card details.[1][2]It is also known as Trojan.MWZLesson or Neutrino and was found in September 2015 by cyber security experts.[3][4]It is a combination of BackDoor.Neutrino.50 and the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasidet_POS_RAM_Scraper_Malware |
Information security standards(alsocyber security standards[1]) are techniques generally outlined in published materials that attempt to protect a user's or organization's cyber environment.[2]This environment includes users themselves, networks, devices, all software, processes, information in storage or transit, appl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber_security_standards |
Acyberattack(orcyber attack) occurs when there is an unauthorized action against computer infrastructure that compromises theconfidentiality, integrity, or availabilityof its content.[1]
The rising dependence on increasingly complex and interconnected computer systems in most domains of life is the main factor that ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cyber_attack_threat_trends |
Crypto-anarchy,crypto-anarchism,cyberanarchyorcyberanarchism[1]is a political ideology focusing on the protection ofprivacy,political freedom, andeconomic freedom, the adherents of which usecryptographic softwarefor confidentiality and security while sending and receiving information overcomputer networks.[2][3]In his ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypto-anarchism |
Cyberterrorismis the use of theInternetto conduct violent acts that result in, or threaten, the loss of life or significant bodily harm, in order to achieve political or ideological gains throughthreatorintimidation. Emerging alongside the development of information technology,[1]cyberterrorism involves acts of deliber... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberterrorism |
Open-source governance(also known asopen governanceandopen politics) is apolitical philosophywhich advocates the application of the philosophies of theopen-sourceandopen-contentmovements todemocraticprinciples to enable any interested citizen to add to the creation of policy, as with awikidocument. Legislation is democ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_governance |
Patriotic hackingis a term forcomputer hackingorsystem crackingin which citizens or supporters of a country, traditionally industrialized Western countries but increasingly developing countries, attempt to perpetrate attacks on, or block attacks by, perceivedenemies of the state.
Recent media attention has focused on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriotic_hacking |
Tactical mediais a term coined in 1996,[1][2]to denote a form ofmedia activismthat privileges temporary interventions in the media sphere over the creation of permanent andalternative mediaoutlets.
Tactical media projects are often a mix between art and activism, which explains why many of its roots can be traced to v... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactical_media |
1984 Network Liberty Allianceis a loose group of software programmers, artists, social activists and militants, interested in computers and networks and considering them tools to empower and link the various actors of the social movement around the world. They are part of thehacktivismmovement.
The group was formed in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Network_Liberty_Alliance |
TheEuropean Climate Exchange(ECX) managed the product development and marketing for ECX Carbon Financial Instruments (ECX CFIs), listed and admitted for trading on the ICE Futures Europeelectronic platform. For a time it was a subsidiary of theChicago Climate Exchange, but eventually became a sister company. Both compa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decocidio |
The Jester(also known by theleetspeakhandleth3j3st3r[1]) is a self-identifiedgrey hathacktivist. He claims to be responsible for attacks onWikiLeaks[2]andIslamistwebsites.[3]He claims to be acting out of American patriotism.[2]
The Jester has stated that he was a former soldier and had served inAfghanistanand elsewher... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jester_(hacktivist) |
Internet vigilantismis the act of carrying outvigilanteactivities through theInternet. The term encompasses vigilantism against allegedscams,crimes, and non-Internet-related behavior.
The expanding scope of media savvy and online interaction has enabled vigilantes to utilize methods specific to the Internet in order t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_vigilantism |
The Internet's Own Boy: The Story of Aaron Swartzis a 2014 Americanbiographicaldocumentary filmaboutAaron Swartzwritten, directed, and produced byBrian Knappenberger.[3][4]The filmpremieredin theUS Documentary Competition programcategory at the2014 Sundance Film Festivalon January 20, 2014.[5]
After its premiere at Su... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Internet%27s_Own_Boy |
Milw0rmis a group ofhacktivists[1]best known for penetrating the computers of theBhabha Atomic Research Centre(BARC) inMumbai, the primary nuclear research facility ofIndia, on June 3, 1998.[2]The group conducted hacks for political reasons,[3]including the largest mass hack up to that time, inserting ananti-nuclearwea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milw0rm |
TheCitizen Labis an interdisciplinary laboratory based at theMunk School of Global Affairsat theUniversity of Toronto, Canada. It was founded byRonald Deibertin 2001. The laboratory studies information controls that impact the openness and security of the Internet and that pose threats tohuman rights.[1]The organizatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizen_Lab |
HackThisSite.org(HTS) is an online hacking and security website founded byJeremy Hammond. The site is maintained by members of the community after he left the organization.[1]It aims to provide users with a way to learn and practice basic and advanced "hacking" skills through a series of challenges in a safe and legal ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HackThisSite |
Jeremy Alexander Hammond(born January 8, 1985), also known by his online monikersup_g,[1]is an Americananarchistactivist and former computer hacker fromChicago. He founded the computer security training websiteHackThisSite[2]in 2003.[3]He was first imprisoned over theProtest Warriorhack in 2005 and was later convicted ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Hammond |
Mr. Robotis an Americandrama thrillertelevision series created bySam EsmailforUSA Network. It starsRami Malekas Elliot Alderson, acybersecurityengineer andhackerwithsocial anxiety disorder,clinical depression, anddissociative identity disorder. Elliot is recruited by aninsurrectionary anarchistknown as "Mr. Robot", pla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr._Robot |
Incomputing, the termremote desktoprefers to asoftware- oroperating systemfeature that allows apersonal computer'sdesktop environmentto be run remotely from one system (usually a PC, but the concept applies equally to aserveror asmartphone), while being displayed on a separateclient device. Remote desktop applications ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_desktop_software |
Anadvance-fee scamis a form offraudand is a commonconfidence trick. The scam typically involves promising the victim a significant share of a large sum of money, in return for a small up-front payment, which the fraudster claims will be used to obtain the large sum.[1][2]If a victim makes the payment, the fraudster eit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advance-fee_scam |
Pretextingis a type ofsocial engineeringattack that involves a situation, orpretext, created by an attacker in order to lure a victim into a vulnerable situation and to trick them into giving private information, specifically information that the victim would typically not give outside the context of the pretext.[1]In ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretexting |
CrimeinIndiahas been recorded since theBritish Raj, with comprehensive statistics now compiled annually by theNational Crime Records Bureau(NCRB), under theMinistry of Home Affairs (India).
In 2021, a total of 60,96,310 crimes, comprising 36,63,360Indian Penal Code(IPC) crimes and 24,32,950 Special and Local Laws (SLL... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybercrime_in_India |
AnIRS impersonation scamis a class of telecommunications fraud andscamwhich targets Americantaxpayersby masquerading asInternal Revenue Service(IRS) collection officers.[1]The scammers operate by placing disturbing official-sounding calls to unsuspecting citizens, threatening them with arrest andfrozen assetsif thousan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRS_impersonation_scam |
AnSSA impersonation scam, orSSA scam, is a class of telecommunicationsscamtargeting citizens of the United States by impersonatingSocial Security Administrationemployees. SSA scams are typically initiated through pre-recorded messages, orrobocalls, that usesocial engineeringto make victims panic and ensure they follow ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSA_impersonation_scam |
Telemarketing fraudisfraudulentselling conducted over the telephone. The term is also used for telephone fraudnotinvolving selling.
Telemarketing fraud is one of the most persuasive deceptions identified by theFederal Trade Commission(FTC).[1]Telemarketing fraud often involves some sort of victim compliance whether it... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telemarketing_fraud |
Acomputer virus hoaxis a message warning the recipients of a non-existentcomputer virusthreat. The message is usually achain e-mailthat tells the recipients to forward it to everyone they know, but it can also be in the form of a pop-up window.[1][2]
Most hoaxes are sensational in nature and easily identified by the f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_hoax |
Scamsand confidence tricks are difficult to classify, because they change often and often contain elements of more than one type. Throughout this list, the perpetrator of the confidence trick is called the "con artist" or simply "artist", and the intended victim is the "mark". Particular scams are mainly directed towar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scams |
Acommunications satelliteis anartificial satellitethat relays and amplifiesradiotelecommunication signals via atransponder; it creates acommunication channelbetween a sourcetransmitterand areceiverat different locations onEarth. Communications satellites are used fortelevision,telephone,radio,internet, andmilitaryappli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_collection_satellite |
Instrumentationis a collective term formeasuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recordingphysical quantities. It is also a field of study about the art and science about makingmeasurementinstruments, involving the related areas ofmetrology,automation, andcontrol theory. The term has its origins in the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentation |
Machine to machine(M2M) is direct communication between devices using anycommunications channel, includingwiredandwireless.[1][2]Machine to machine communication can include industrial instrumentation, enabling a sensor or meter to communicate the information it records (such as temperature, inventory level, etc.) to a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_to_Machine |
MQTT(originally aninitialismofMQ Telemetry Transport[a]) is a lightweight,publish–subscribe,machine-to-machinenetworkprotocolformessage queue/message queuing service. It is designed for connections with remote locations that have devices with resource constraints or limited networkbandwidth, such as in theInternet of t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQ_Telemetry_Transport |
The portable system fortelemetryapplications is a solution that gathers in aportable computerfull functionalities and performances. Based onData acquisitionsoftware,Portable Telemetryis an essential tool for thetest engineerto run tests on-site.[1]
Portable Telemetry system acquires, analyzes and visualizes data fromP... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_telemetry |
Areconnaissance satelliteorintelligence satellite(commonly, although unofficially, referred to as aspy satellite) is anEarth observation satelliteorcommunications satellitedeployed formilitaryorintelligenceapplications.
The first generation type (i.e.,Corona[1][2]andZenit) took photographs, then ejected canisters ofph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconnaissance_satellite |
ECHELON, originally a secret governmentcode name, is asurveillanceprogram (signals intelligence/SIGINT collection and analysis network) operated by the five signatory states to theUKUSA Security Agreement:[1]Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, also known as theFive Eyes.[2][3][4]
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echelon_(signals_intelligence) |
Remote monitoring and control(M&C) systems are designed to control large or complex facilities such asfactories,power plants,network operations centers,airports, andspacecraft, with some degree ofautomation.
M&C systems may receive data fromsensors,telemetrystreams, user inputs, and pre-programmed procedures. The soft... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_monitoring_and_control |
Remote sensingis the acquisition ofinformationabout anobjectorphenomenonwithout making physical contact with the object, in contrast toin situor on-siteobservation. The term is applied especially to acquiring information aboutEarthand otherplanets. Remote sensing is used in numerous fields, includinggeophysics,geograph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_sensing |
Aremote terminal unit(RTU) is amicroprocessor-controlled electronic device that interfaces objects in the physical world to adistributed control systemorSCADA(supervisory control and data acquisition) system by transmittingtelemetrydata to a master system, and by using messages from the master supervisory system to con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_Terminal_Unit |
SBMV Protocolis an advanced encryptedtelemetrythat uses short-burst, multi-version technology.[1]
Telemetrytechnology enables “the remote measurement and reporting of information”.
Telemetry is also a “highly automated communications process by which measurements are made and other data collected at remote or inaccess... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBMV_Protocol |
SCADA(an acronym forsupervisory control and data acquisition) is acontrol systemarchitecture comprisingcomputers, networkeddata communicationsandgraphical user interfacesforhigh-levelsupervision of machines and processes. It also covers sensors and other devices, such asprogrammable logic controllers, also known as a D... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCADA |
Atelecommandortelecontrolis acommandsent to control a remote system or systems not directly connected (e.g. via wires) to the place from which the telecommand is sent. The word is derived fromtele= remote (Greek), andcommand= to entrust/order (Latin). Systems that need remote measurement and reporting of information of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommand |
Telematicsis an interdisciplinary field encompassingtelecommunications, vehicular technologies (road transport,road safety, etc.), electrical engineering (sensors, instrumentation,wireless communications, etc.), andcomputer science(multimedia,Internet, etc.). Telematics can involve any of the following:
Telematics is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telematics |
Bitsquattingis a form ofcybersquattingwhich relies onbit-flip errorsthat occur during the process of making aDNSrequest. These bit-flips may occur due to factors such as faulty hardware orcosmic rays. When such an error occurs, the user requesting the domain may be directed to a website registered under adomain namesim... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitsquatting |
Early research and development:
Merging the networks and creating the Internet:
Commercialization, privatization, broader access leads to the modern Internet:
Examples of Internet services:
TheDomain Name System]](DNS) is a hierarchical and distributedname servicethat provides a naming system forcomputers, services... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System |
In theInternet, adomain nameis astringthat identifies a realm of administrative autonomy, authority or control. Domain names are often used to identify services provided through the Internet, such aswebsites,emailservices and more. Domain names are used in various networking contexts and for application-specific naming... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_name_spoofing |
Adoppelganger domainis adomainthat is spelled identically to a legitimatefully qualified domain name(FQDN) but missing the dot betweenhost/subdomainand domain, to be used for malicious purposes.
Typosquatting's traditionalattack vectoris through the web to distributemalwareor harvest credentials. Other vectors such as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppelganger_domain |
Amisdialed callorwrong numberis atelephone callortext messageto an incorrecttelephone number. This may occur because the number has been physically misdialed, the number is simply incorrect, or because thearea codeor ownership of the number has changed. InNorth America,toll-free numbersare a frequent source of wrong ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misdialed_call#Toll-free_numbers |
Phonewordsaremnemonicphrases represented asalphanumericequivalents of atelephone number.[1]In many countries, the digits on thetelephone keypadalso have letters assigned. By replacing the digits of a telephone number with the corresponding letters, it is sometimes possible to form a whole or partial word, anacronym, ab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneword |
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