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Some of the oldest schools in South Africa are private church schools that were established by missionaries in the early nineteenth century. The private sector has grown ever since. After the abolition of apartheid, the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly. The South African Schools Ac... | In what year was the South African Schools Act passed? | [
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The Cestida ("belt animals") are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals, with the mouth and aboral organ aligned in the middle of opposite edges of the ribbon. There is a pair of comb-rows along each aboral edge, and tentilla emerging from a groove all along the oral edge, which stream back across most of the wing-like body ... | What are cestida called? | [
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Trevithick continued his own experiments using a trio of locomotives, concluding with the Catch Me Who Can in 1808. Only four years later, the successful twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray was used by the edge railed rack and pinion Middleton Railway. In 1825 George Stephenson built the Locomotion for... | What was the name of the locomotive that debuted in 1808? | [
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In 1939, c. 1,300,000 people lived in Warsaw, but in 1945 – only 420,000. During the first years after the war, the population growth was c. 6%, so shortly the city started to suffer from the lack of flats and of areas for new houses. The first remedial measure was the Warsaw area enlargement (1951) – but the city auth... | What conviction did many Poles have regarding how the Germans thought of themselves? | [
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Under the terms of the Scotland Act 1978, an elected assembly would be set up in Edinburgh provided that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least 40% of the total electorate. The 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved ... | How did trying to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly go in 1979? | [
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Their local rivals, Polonia Warsaw, have significantly fewer supporters, yet they managed to win Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000. They also won the country’s championship in 1946, and won the cup twice as well. Polonia's home venue is located at Konwiktorska Street, a ten-minute walk north from the Old Town. Polonia w... | Where is Polonia's home venue located? | [
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Oxygen storage methods include high pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds. For reasons of economy, oxygen is often transported in bulk as a liquid in specially insulated tankers, since one liter of liquefied oxygen is equivalent to 840 liters of gaseous oxygen at atmospheric pressure and 20 °C (68 °F... | What do oxygen tanks, cryogenics, and chemical compounds serve as for oxygen? | [
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A fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw and history of Poland can be found in the Warsaw Uprising Museum and in the Katyń Museum which preserves the memory of the crime. The Warsaw Uprising Museum also operates a rare preserved and operating historic stereoscopic theatre, the Warsaw Fotoplastikon. The Museum of Independen... | Where can a tribute to the fall of Katyn be found? | [
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The concept environmental determinism served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples. It was believed that a certain person's behaviours were determined by the environment in which they lived and thus validated their domination. For example, people living in tropical environments were... | What was thought to decide a person's behavior? | [
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Between the 1880s and World War II, Downtown Fresno flourished, filled with electric Street Cars, and contained some of the San Joaquin Valley's most beautiful architectural buildings. Among them, the original Fresno County Courthouse (demolished), the Fresno Carnegie Public Library (demolished), the Fresno Water Tower... | What former building is currently known as Grand 1401? | [
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The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists. Much of the debate was pioneered by such theorists as J. A. Hobson (1858–1940), Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), and Norman Angell (1872–1967). While these non-Mar... | When was the military-political complex reflected upon not within the scope of understanding imperialism? | [
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In 1900, the Los Angeles Times defined southern California as including "the seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara." In 1999, the Times added a newer county—Imperial—to that list. | What did the Los Angeles Times add to the definition of southern California in 1990? | [
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-1
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Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: "Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law." During the Vietnam War, courts typically re... | What does indirect civil disobedience protest a law by doing? | [
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In addition to the General Assembly Hall, the Parliament also used buildings rented from the City of Edinburgh Council. The former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council on George IV Bridge was used for the MSP's offices. Following the move to Holyrood in 2004 this building was demolished. The former Midlo... | What do the former Midlothian County Buildings face? | [
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350,
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"572fb059947a6a140053cb83",
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From their original homelands in Scandinavia and northern Europe, Germanic tribes expanded throughout northern and western Europe in the middle period of classical antiquity; southern Europe in late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples; and by 800 CE, forming the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire. Ho... | By when did the Germanic tribes not conquer the Celtic peoples? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad0354e77cf76001a686e20"
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Since about the year 2000, a growing number of Internet pharmacies have been established worldwide. Many of these pharmacies are similar to community pharmacies, and in fact, many of them are actually operated by brick-and-mortar community pharmacies that serve consumers online and those that walk in their door. The pr... | Who often operates internet pharmacies? | [
"brick-and-mortar community pharmacies that serve consumers online and those that walk in their door",
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"brick-and-mortar community pharmacies"
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In addition to arguing that the rat population was insufficient to account for a bubonic plague pandemic, sceptics of the bubonic plague theory point out that the symptoms of the Black Death are not unique (and arguably in some accounts may differ from bubonic plague); that transference via fleas in goods was likely to... | In what century did modern bubonic plague strike Europe? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a2eced7a83784001a7d24b1"
] | [
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During the mid-Eocene, it is believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic, while to the west water flowed toward the Pacific across the Amazonas Basin. As the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basi... | Where did water on the eastern side of the amazon basin travel after the split? | [
"the Atlantic",
"Atlantic",
"the Atlantic"
] | [
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183,
179
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"5729e6313f37b319004785ab",
"5729e6313f37b319004785ab",
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In the early years the College trained many Puritan ministers.[citation needed] (A 1643 publication said the school's purpose was "to advance learning and perpetuate it to posterity, dreading to leave an illiterate ministry to the churches when our present ministers shall lie in the dust".) It offered a classic curricu... | After what higher learning model was the school designed? | [
"English university",
"English university",
"English university model"
] | [
331,
331,
331
] | [
"5727b0892ca10214002d93e9",
"5727b0892ca10214002d93e9",
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"Harvard_University",
"Harvard_University",
"Harvard_University"
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In Berlin, the Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. By 1700, one-fifth of the city's population was French speaking. The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly a century. They ultimately decided to switch to German in protest against th... | How much of Helsinki's population spoke French as of 1700? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad27294d7d075001a42949e"
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BSkyB launched its HDTV service, Sky+ HD, on 22 May 2006. Prior to its launch, BSkyB claimed that 40,000 people had registered to receive the HD service. In the week before the launch, rumours started to surface that BSkyB was having supply issues with its set top box (STB) from manufacturer Thomson. On Thursday 18 May... | What was the total number of homes Sky announced that had Sky+HD in March of 2012? | [
"4,222,000",
"4,222,000",
"4,222,000"
] | [
643,
643,
643
] | [
"5709686c200fba1400367f7b",
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"Sky_(United_Kingdom)",
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The Taliban were spawned by the thousands of madrasahs the Deobandi movement established for impoverished Afghan refugees and supported by governmental and religious groups in neighboring Pakistan. The Taliban differed from other Islamist movements to the point where they might be more properly described as Islamic fun... | Thousands of madrasahs spawned what organization? | [
"Taliban",
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"The Taliban"
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4,
0,
0
] | [
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Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects "a larger challenge to the... | Some theories argue that civil disobedience is justified in regard to? | [
"governmental entities",
"governmental entities",
"governmental entities",
"against governmental entities",
"governmental entities"
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91,
83,
91
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Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia was an investor in the Ohio Company, which stood to lose money if the French held their claim. To counter the French military presence in Ohio, in October 1753 Dinwiddie ordered the 21-year-old Major George Washington (whose brother was another Ohio Company investor) of the Virgini... | Minister Robert Dinwiddie had an investment in what significant company? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
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While the concept of a "social market economy" was only introduced into EU law in 2007, free movement and trade were central to European development since the Treaty of Rome 1957. According to the standard theory of comparative advantage, two countries can both benefit from trade even if one of them has a less producti... | How long has free movement and trade been central to European development? | [
"1957",
"since the Treaty of Rome 1957",
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174,
149,
174
] | [
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The unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of the oxygen cycle. This biogeochemical cycle describes the movement of oxygen within and between its three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere. The main driving factor of the oxygen cycle is photosynthesis, ... | What process is responsible for the planet's oxygen content? | [
"photosynthesis",
"photosynthesis",
"photosynthesis",
"photosynthesis",
"photosynthesis"
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304,
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304,
304,
304
] | [
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When a consolidation referendum was held in 1967, voters approved the plan. On October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville. Fire, police, health & welfare, recreation, public works, and housing & urban development were all combined under the new government. In honor of the oc... | Was services were not consolidated under the new government? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a1c8a1eb4fb5d0018714698"
] | [
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The IPCC Panel is composed of representatives appointed by governments and organizations. Participation of delegates with appropriate expertise is encouraged. Plenary sessions of the IPCC and IPCC Working groups are held at the level of government representatives. Non Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations ma... | Which IPCC sessions are open to everyone? | [
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Several barriers protect organisms from infection, including mechanical, chemical, and biological barriers. The waxy cuticle of many leaves, the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes of externally deposited eggs, and skin are examples of mechanical barriers that are the first line of defense against infectio... | What is secreted by the respiratory tract to trap microorganisms? | [
"mucus",
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Another important library – the University Library, founded in 1816, is home to over two million items. The building was designed by architects Marek Budzyński and Zbigniew Badowski and opened on 15 December 1999. It is surrounded by green. The University Library garden, designed by Irena Bajerska, was opened on 12 Jun... | Who designed the garden for the University Library? | [
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Since its foundation, the Treaties sought to enable people to pursue their life goals in any country through free movement. Reflecting the economic nature of the project, the European Community originally focused upon free movement of workers: as a "factor of production". However, from the 1970s, this focus shifted tow... | What have the Treaties sought to enable since its foundation? | [
"to enable people to pursue their life goals in any country through free movement",
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The popular neighborhood known as the Tower District is centered around the historic Tower Theatre, which is included on the National List of Historic Places. The theater was built in 1939 and is at Olive and Wishon Avenues in the heart of the Tower District. (The name of the theater refers to a well-known landmark wat... | What was the original name of California State University at Fresno? | [
"Fresno Normal School",
"Fresno Normal School",
"Fresno Normal School"
] | [
874,
874,
874
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The quick and decisive defeat of the Arab troops during the Six-Day War by Israeli troops constituted a pivotal event in the Arab Muslim world. The defeat along with economic stagnation in the defeated countries, was blamed on the secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes. A steep and steady decline in the popular... | What was the defeat of the Arab troops at the hand of the Israeli troops during the Six-Day War? | [
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The weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity. The word "weak" derives from the fact that the field strength is some 1013 times less than that of the strong force. Still, it is stronger than gravi... | What force is weaker than gravity over short distances? | [
""
] | [
-1
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"5ad28597d7d075001a4298b0"
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Civil disobedience is usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict. For instance, if the head of government of a country were to refuse to en... | What two public agencies conflict under the defnintion of civil disobedience? | [
""
] | [
-1
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The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... | What is not the primary law of the EU? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad10f94645df0001a2d0bc4"
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In ring theory, the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geomet... | What type of number theory utilizes and studies prime ideals? | [
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276
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The development of plate tectonics provided a physical basis for many observations of the solid Earth. Long linear regions of geologic features could be explained as plate boundaries. Mid-ocean ridges, high regions on the seafloor where hydrothermal vents and volcanoes exist, were explained as divergent boundaries, whe... | What is the area called where two plates move apart? | [
"divergent boundaries",
"divergent boundaries",
"divergent boundaries",
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295,
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295
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During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times... | During what word was Jacksonville a key supply point for the North? | [
""
] | [
-1
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Under the terms of the Scotland Act 1978, an elected assembly would be set up in Edinburgh provided that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least 40% of the total electorate. The 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved ... | The referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly succeeded in what year? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad025df77cf76001a686ba4"
] | [
"Scottish_Parliament"
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Long-term active memory is acquired following infection by activation of B and T cells. Active immunity can also be generated artificially, through vaccination. The principle behind vaccination (also called immunization) is to introduce an antigen from a pathogen in order to stimulate the immune system and develop spec... | When is short-term active memory acquired? | [
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] | [
-1
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"5ad4d8845b96ef001a10a344"
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On 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce wrote joint letters with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations demanding full records on climate research, as well as personal information about their finances and careers, from Mann, Bradley an... | When did Barton and Whitfield demand climate research records? | [
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The outcome was one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict. France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. It ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans) to its ally Spain, in compensation for Spain's loss to Britain of Florida (... | What territory was ceded to Britain? | [
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The Beroida, also known as Nuda, have no feeding appendages, but their large pharynx, just inside the large mouth and filling most of the saclike body, bears "macrocilia" at the oral end. These fused bundles of several thousand large cilia are able to "bite" off pieces of prey that are too large to swallow whole – almo... | Beroida are known by what other name? | [
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The further decline of Byzantine state-of-affairs paved the road to a third attack in 1185, when a large Norman army invaded Dyrrachium, owing to the betrayal of high Byzantine officials. Some time later, Dyrrachium—one of the most important naval bases of the Adriatic—fell again to Byzantine hands. | What was the naval base called? | [
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There were two kinds of X.25 networks. Some such as DATAPAC and TRANSPAC were initially implemented with an X.25 external interface. Some older networks such as TELENET and TYMNET were modified to provide a X.25 host interface in addition to older host connection schemes. DATAPAC was developed by Bell Northern Research... | What was implemented with an X.25 interface? | [
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] | [
-1
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The addition of new rock units, both depositionally and intrusively, often occurs during deformation. Faulting and other deformational processes result in the creation of topographic gradients, causing material on the rock unit that is increasing in elevation to be eroded by hillslopes and channels. These sediments are... | What events are often associated with volcanism and igneous activity? | [
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Among the most well-known experiments in structural geology are those involving orogenic wedges, which are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries. In the analog versions of these experiments, horizontal layers of sand are pulled along a lower surface into a back stop, which result... | What do studies on metamorphism through pressure help clarify? | [
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In 1967, Manuel Blum developed an axiomatic complexity theory based on his axioms and proved an important result, the so-called, speed-up theorem. The field really began to flourish in 1971 when the US researcher Stephen Cook and, working independently, Leonid Levin in the USSR, proved that there exist practically rele... | Who wrote the paper "Reductibility Among Combinatorial Problems" in 1974? | [
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On 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce wrote joint letters with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations demanding full records on climate research, as well as personal information about their finances and careers, from Mann, Bradley an... | Who kept the full records on climate research? | [
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In the coming decades, pharmacists are expected to become more integral within the health care system. Rather than simply dispensing medication, pharmacists are increasingly expected to be compensated for their patient care skills. In particular, Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services that p... | What will be the importance of the pharmacist in past decades? | [
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] | [
-1
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On 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce wrote joint letters with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations demanding full records on climate research, as well as personal information about their finances and careers, from Mann, Bradley an... | Which council's investigation found no statistical failings? | [
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] | [
-1
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The quick and decisive defeat of the Arab troops during the Six-Day War by Israeli troops constituted a pivotal event in the Arab Muslim world. The defeat along with economic stagnation in the defeated countries, was blamed on the secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes. A steep and steady decline in the popular... | What gained ground when Arab nationalism suffered? | [
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The IPCC concentrates its activities on the tasks allotted to it by the relevant WMO Executive Council and UNEP Governing Council resolutions and decisions as well as on actions in support of the UNFCCC process. While the preparation of the assessment reports is a major IPCC function, it also supports other activities,... | What other activities does the UNFCCC require the IPCC to run? | [
"Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme",
"Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme",
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333,
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There are 13 natural reserves in Warsaw – among others, Bielany Forest, Kabaty Woods, Czerniaków Lake. About 15 kilometres (9 miles) from Warsaw, the Vistula river's environment changes strikingly and features a perfectly preserved ecosystem, with a habitat of animals that includes the otter, beaver and hundreds of bir... | How many natural reserves are in Warsaw? | [
"13",
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10,
10,
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Historically, forces were first quantitatively investigated in conditions of static equilibrium where several forces canceled each other out. Such experiments demonstrate the crucial properties that forces are additive vector quantities: they have magnitude and direction. When two forces act on a point particle, the re... | What must be specified in order to account for their effects on the motion of the head? | [
""
] | [
-1
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"5ad26925d7d075001a4292c7"
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Huguenot immigrants did not disperse or settle in different parts of the country, but rather, formed three societies or congregations; one in the city of New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and a third further upstate in New Paltz. The "Huguenot Street Historic District... | How far is New Rochelle from New Paltz? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad25f29d7d075001a428f61"
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Despite periodic repression, the Brotherhood has become one of the most influential movements in the Islamic world, particularly in the Arab world. For many years it was described as "semi-legal" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections. In the Egyptian parliamentary election... | For many centuries, what was the Brotherhood described as? | [
""
] | [
-1
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"5acfea4977cf76001a686477"
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Commissioners have various privileges, such as being exempt from member state taxes (but not EU taxes), and having immunity from prosecution for doing official acts. Commissioners have sometimes been found to have abused their offices, particularly since the Santer Commission was censured by Parliament in 1999, and it ... | Who found that a culture had developed where few Commissioners had any sense of responsibility? | [
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631,
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629
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Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospita... | What philosophies underlay Chinese medicine? | [
"yin-yang and wuxing philosophy",
"yin-yang and wuxing",
"yin-yang and wuxing"
] | [
487,
487,
487
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"572881d34b864d1900164a5e",
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Ctenophora (/tᵻˈnɒfərə/; singular ctenophore, /ˈtɛnəfɔːr/ or /ˈtiːnəfɔːr/; from the Greek κτείς kteis 'comb' and φέρω pherō 'carry'; commonly known as comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide. Their most distinctive feature is the ‘combs’ – groups of cilia which they use for swimming – ... | What is the most distinctive feature of cnidarians? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a8349a2e60761001a2eb50a"
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Before the foundation can be dug, contractors are typically required to verify and have existing utility lines marked, either by the utilities themselves or through a company specializing in such services. This lessens the likelihood of damage to the existing electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities, whic... | What do contractors inspect during building construction? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a25f133c93d92001a400355"
] | [
"Construction"
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Where CHP is not used, steam turbines in power stations use surface condensers as a cold sink. The condensers are cooled by water flow from oceans, rivers, lakes, and often by cooling towers which evaporate water to provide cooling energy removal. The resulting condensed hot water output from the condenser is then put ... | What device is energy removal similar to? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad3d7e0604f3c001a3ff35e"
] | [
"Steam_engine"
] | [
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The Very high-speed Backbone Network Service (vBNS) came on line in April 1995 as part of a National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsored project to provide high-speed interconnection between NSF-sponsored supercomputing centers and select access points in the United States. The network was engineered and operated by MCI... | How many points of presence did NSFBNS have by 1998? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a669d5cf038b7001ab0c062"
] | [
"Packet_switching"
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In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in th... | What removed a hierarchical structure? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a6cba504eec6b001a80a64a"
] | [
"Pharmacy"
] | [
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Ctenophora (/tᵻˈnɒfərə/; singular ctenophore, /ˈtɛnəfɔːr/ or /ˈtiːnəfɔːr/; from the Greek κτείς kteis 'comb' and φέρω pherō 'carry'; commonly known as comb jellies) is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide. Their most distinctive feature is the ‘combs’ – groups of cilia which they use for swimming – ... | Where do ctenophora live? | [
"marine waters",
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"marine waters worldwide"
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201,
201,
201
] | [
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"Ctenophora",
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Through stream capture, the Rhine extended its watershed southward. By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar. The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone. By the early Pleistocene period, the Rhine had captured most of its cur... | What period did the Rhine capture streams? | [
"Pliocene period",
"Pliocene",
"Pliocene period"
] | [
75,
75,
75
] | [
"572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1",
"572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1",
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"Rhine",
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Kublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279. Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury. Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals. Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in ... | How was Kublai's administration running out of money? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad40480604f3c001a3ffdcf"
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In 2010 the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005 drought. The affected region was approximate 1,160,000 square miles (3,000,000 km2) of rainforest, compared to 734,000 square miles (1,900,000 km2) in 2005. The 2010 drought had three epicenters where vegetation di... | Amazon rain forest experienced another mild drought in what year | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a0c99fcf5590b0018dab4a4"
] | [
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As indigenous territories continue to be destroyed by deforestation and ecocide, such as in the Peruvian Amazon indigenous peoples' rainforest communities continue to disappear, while others, like the Urarina continue to struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile... | Indigenous territories are being preserved through what type of conservation efforts? | [
""
] | [
-1
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"5a0c958bf5590b0018dab480"
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In many parts of the United States, after the 1954 decision in the landmark court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that demanded United States schools desegregate "with all deliberate speed", local families organized a wave of private "Christian academies". In much of the U.S. South, many white students migra... | In what part of the United States did many students migrate to Christian academies during the desegregation period? | [
"South",
"South",
"U.S. South"
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Religiously affiliated and denominational schools form a subcategory of private schools. Some such schools teach religious education, together with the usual academic subjects to impress their particular faith's beliefs and traditions in the students who attend. Others use the denomination as more of a general label to... | What do all Roman Catholic schools teach? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a678dcef038b7001ab0c2bc"
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"Private_school"
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For some decades prior to the First Palestine Intifada in 1987, the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine took a "quiescent" stance towards Israel, focusing on preaching, education and social services, and benefiting from Israel's "indulgence" to build up a network of mosques and charitable organizations. As the First Intifa... | Until 1987, what stance did the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine take towards Israel? | [
"quiescent",
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"quiescent"
] | [
108,
108,
108
] | [
"5730208fa23a5019007fcded",
"5730208fa23a5019007fcded",
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However, attempting to reconcile electromagnetic theory with two observations, the photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe, proved troublesome. Through the work of leading theoretical physicists, a new theory of electromagnetism was developed using quantum mechanics. This final modific... | What did electromagnetic theory finally lead to? | [
"quantum electrodynamics",
"quantum electrodynamics (or QED)",
"quantum electrodynamics",
"quantum electrodynamics"
] | [
370,
370,
370,
370
] | [
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Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, "There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Su... | How long did Julia Butterfly Hill live near a nuclear-missile installation? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a665b56846392001a1e1b1d"
] | [
"Civil_disobedience"
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Between 1402 and 1405, the expedition led by the Norman noble Jean de Bethencourt and the Poitevine Gadifer de la Salle conquered the Canarian islands of Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and El Hierro off the Atlantic coast of Africa. Their troops were gathered in Normandy, Gascony and were later reinforced by Castilian coloni... | What Islands are of the coast of Asia? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad40419604f3c001a3ffdb8"
] | [
"Normans"
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In the triplet form, O
2 molecules are paramagnetic. That is, they impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic moments of the unpaired electrons in the molecule, and the negative exchange energy between neighboring O
2 molecules. Liquid oxygen is attr... | What are O molecules in triplet form? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad2456dd7d075001a428aa2"
] | [
"Oxygen"
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Packet mode communication may be implemented with or without intermediate forwarding nodes (packet switches or routers). Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering, but may be forwarded according to some scheduling discipline for fair queuing, traffic... | What type of medium is a 10BASE5 radio? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a5507df134fea001a0e1820"
] | [
"Packet_switching"
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The Norman dynasty had a major political, cultural and military impact on medieval Europe and even the Near East. The Normans were famed for their martial spirit and eventually for their Christian piety, becoming exponents of the Catholic orthodoxy into which they assimilated. They adopted the Gallo-Romance language of... | Who ruled the country of Normandy? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad3a266604f3c001a3fea2a"
] | [
"Normans"
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On the other hand, in the late 1980s the Western Atlantic ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov via the ballast tanks of ships, and has been blamed for causing sharp drops in fish catches by eating both fish larvae and small crustaceans that would otherwise feed the... | How quickly can fish larvae grow? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a8398bbe60761001a2eb809"
] | [
"Ctenophora"
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The most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer n is called trial division. This routine consists of dividing n by each integer m that is greater than 1 and less than or equal to the square root of n. If the result of any of these divisions is an integer, then n is not a prime, otherwise it is a prim... | What must the integer m be greater than or equal to when performing trial division? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a892b473b2508001a72a4e7"
] | [
"Prime_number"
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The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Spanish: Selva Amazónica, Amazonía or usually Amazonia; French: Forêt amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This ... | What kind of forest is the Amazon rainforest? | [
"moist broadleaf forest",
"tropical",
"moist broadleaf forest"
] | [
237,
948,
237
] | [
"5729e2316aef0514001550c4",
"5729e2316aef0514001550c4",
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The principle of inclusions and components states that, with sedimentary rocks, if inclusions (or clasts) are found in a formation, then the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them. For example, in sedimentary rocks, it is common for gravel from an older formation to be ripped up and included in ... | What is another word for xenoliths? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5a57eee0770dc0001aeefedb"
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The next major step occurred when James Watt developed (1763–1775) an improved version of Newcomen's engine, with a separate condenser. Boulton and Watt's early engines used half as much coal as John Smeaton's improved version of Newcomen's. Newcomen's and Watt's early engines were "atmospheric". They were powered by a... | When did Watt finish the development of his improvements to engine cylinders? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad3c75a604f3c001a3ff045"
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"Steam_engine"
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Medical knowledge had stagnated during the Middle Ages. The most authoritative account at the time came from the medical faculty in Paris in a report to the king of France that blamed the heavens, in the form of a conjunction of three planets in 1345 that caused a "great pestilence in the air". This report became the f... | What was the black death originally blamed on? | [
"the heavens"
] | [
184
] | [
"57264b3edd62a815002e80aa"
] | [
"Black_Death"
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There is evidence that there have been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation. Analyses of sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the LGM ... | There have been major changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last how many years? | [
"21,000",
"21,000",
"21,000"
] | [
105,
105,
105
] | [
"572841772ca10214002da1a6",
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Its counties of Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties in the United States. | What is the lowest ranking one of the counties could have in terms of most populous counties in the United States? | [
"15",
"15",
"Riverside"
] | [
141,
141,
68
] | [
"5705e99452bb89140068968b",
"5705e99452bb89140068968b",
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The complexity class P is often seen as a mathematical abstraction modeling those computational tasks that admit an efficient algorithm. This hypothesis is called the Cobham–Edmonds thesis. The complexity class NP, on the other hand, contains many problems that people would like to solve efficiently, but for which no e... | What theory is the Cobham-Edward thesis? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad567055b96ef001a10adeb"
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The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In ma... | What is the immune system of the brained known as? | [
"neuroimmune system",
"neuroimmune system",
"neuroimmune",
"neuroimmune system"
] | [
655,
655,
655,
655
] | [
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However, some computational problems are easier to analyze in terms of more unusual resources. For example, a non-deterministic Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once. The non-deterministic Turing machine has very little to do with how we phys... | What machine's branching does not exactly capture many of the mathematical models we want to analyze? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad5489b5b96ef001a10ac2d"
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The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) (865–915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936–1013) pioneered the preparatio... | Which two compounds did Al-Muwaffaq differentiate between? | [
"sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate",
"sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate",
"sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate"
] | [
1838,
1838,
1838
] | [
"5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07",
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A further type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government. Private bills normally relate to large-scale development projects such as infrastructure projects that re... | Public Bill Committees have been set up to do what? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad03aa977cf76001a686e8a"
] | [
"Scottish_Parliament"
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Studies on income inequality and growth have sometimes found evidence confirming the Kuznets curve hypothesis, which states that with economic development, inequality first increases, then decreases. Economist Thomas Piketty challenges this notion, claiming that from 1914 to 1945 wars and "violent economic and politica... | Who accepts the notion of the Kuznets curve hypothesis? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad2647bd7d075001a429158"
] | [
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Reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide ion (O−
2) and hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2), are dangerous by-products of oxygen use in organisms. Parts of the immune system of higher organisms create peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen to destroy invading microbes. Reactive oxygen species also play an important role in... | What do the reactive forms of oxygen produce in organisms? | [
"dangerous by-products",
"the immune system",
"hypersensitive response of plants against pathogen attack",
"dangerous by-products of oxygen use in organisms"
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91,
150,
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91
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The University of Chicago has been the site of some important experiments and academic movements. In economics, the university has played an important role in shaping ideas about the free market and is the namesake of the Chicago school of economics, the school of economic thought supported by Milton Friedman and other... | What was the name of the first self-sustained man-made nuclear reaction? | [
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Chicago Pile-1"
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537,
537
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Effects of inequality researchers have found include higher rates of health and social problems, and lower rates of social goods, a lower level of economic utility in society from resources devoted on high-end consumption, and even a lower level of economic growth when human capital is neglected for high-end consumptio... | Higher rates of health and social problems are just two of examples of effects from what? | [
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Warsaw was occupied by Germany from 4 August 1915 until November 1918. The Allied Armistice terms required in Article 12 that Germany withdraw from areas controlled by Russia in 1914, which included Warsaw. Germany did so, and underground leader Piłsudski returned to Warsaw on 11 November and set up what became the Sec... | What army did Germany successfully defend itself against? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad4caf45b96ef001a10a0d8"
] | [
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Thanks to numerous musical venues, including the Teatr Wielki, the Polish National Opera, the Chamber Opera, the National Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw hosts many events and festivals. Among the... | What type of venue is the Autumn Wielki? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad4fe635b96ef001a10a8b8"
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"Warsaw"
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An oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine which does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder. Instead of valves, the entire cylinder rocks, or oscillates, such that one or more holes in the cylinder line up with holes in a fixed port face or in the pi... | What is another term for the port face? | [
""
] | [
-1
] | [
"5ad3fc1f604f3c001a3ffb7c"
] | [
"Steam_engine"
] | [
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... |
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