question stringlengths 37 38.8k | group_id stringlengths 2 6 | sentence_embeddings listlengths 768 768 |
|---|---|---|
<p>I have three variables ($X_G$,$X_B$, and $X_R$), each of which is normally distributed. Is there a way to show the overlap between each of the pairs using the mean and the standard deviation? </p>
<p>An independent t-test shows that the three groups are very much significantly different, which is good, but I want a... | g58774 | [
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<p>I have a stats conundrum</p>
<p>I have an MSc thesis in which two groups were manipulated to either include others in their group, or manipulated to exclude others (c1 inclusive and c2 exclusive).</p>
<p>My dependent variable is how much income tax the participant would be willing to pay for the other group, with ... | g58775 | [
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<p>I have a survey running each month that's answered each time by a random set of people. I want to investigate the trend in a particular set of questions to see whether opinions are changing over time.</p>
<p>This is a fairly standard survey research question but as far as I know, the usual approach is just to sig t... | g58776 | [
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<p>I am looking to do a canonical correlations analysis (CCA) in R, using the <code>CCA</code> package, on a multiply imputed dataset (obtained from the mice package).</p>
<p>I know that the <code>mice</code> package allows you to pool the complete data sets and do linear models and general linear models using formula... | g13982 | [
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<p>Nearly every decision tree example I've come across happens to be a binary tree. Is this pretty much universal? Do most of the standard algorithms (C4.5, CART, etc.) only support binary trees? From what I gather, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHAID">CHAID</a> is not limited to binary trees, but that seems... | g58777 | [
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<p>I am reading a text, "Probability and Statistics" by Devore. I am looking at 2 items on page 740: the expected value and variance of the estimation of $\beta_1$, which is the slope parameter in the linear regression $Y_i = \beta_0 + \beta_1 X_i + \epsilon_i$. $\epsilon_i$ is a Gaussian($\mu = 0, variance=\sigma^2$) ... | g58778 | [
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<p>I am new to statistical pattern recognition and trying to learn.To begin with I am trying to work with two class problems and trying to classify motion activities as mentioned in the paper "Object Trajectory-Based Activity Classification and
Recognition using Hidden Markov Models". In this paper, the authors have us... | g21456 | [
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<p>I'm hoping someone here is able to help me refine a linear regression model I'm working on at work. I am in no way a statistician, but I guess I have the most experience (basic stats course and decently capable with excel) in my office.</p>
<p>I've been tasked with creating a model that would help predict condo pri... | g58779 | [
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<p>I would like to estimate the distribution of a very large population of known size but unknown mean and variance. </p>
<p>I cannot assume anything about the shape of the underlying distribution. However, I am certain that the values in the population are non-negative, non-zero integers. I believe that the distribut... | g58780 | [
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<p>I'm having trouble understanding an equality given in a book ("Speckle Phenomena in Optics" by Joseph Goodman p.145) for a zero mean, stationary Gaussian process:
$\overline{\exp(i [\phi(x_1)-\phi(x_2)])}=\exp(-\sigma^2[1-\mu(x_1-x_2)])$
where $\sigma^2$ is the variance of the process $\phi$ and $\mu$ is the normal... | g13986 | [
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<p>I'm reading the Latent Dirichlet Allocation paper trying to understand it. However I got stuck at the very first part! When they sampled from a multinomial distribution and considered the result to be a single number! My understanding if the multinomial distribution is to return a vector where the number of its elem... | g13987 | [
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<p>Here's a quote from an article I read which is about non-linear embedding techniques:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This family of non-linear embedding techniques appeared as an alternative to their linear counterparts which suffer of severe limitation when dealing with real-world data: (i) they assume the data lie in a... | g58781 | [
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<p>I want to identify different groups of respondents out of up to five variables of <a href="http://info1.gesis.org/dbksearch19/SDesc2.asp?no=4759&tab=3&ll=10&notabs=&af=&nf=1&db=E" rel="nofollow">the European Values Study 2008</a>.</p>
<p>At first I took 4 questions for cluster analysis all o... | g58782 | [
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<p>I was asked to perform a Gaussian smearing on the bins of an histogram. What does this mean?</p> | g58783 | [
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<p>I was given the following exercise:</p>
<p>The Results obtained by 10 students in a test are the following:</p>
<p>72 95 79 83 93 80 91 74 70 86</p>
<p>Test the hypothesis that the mean score is 75.Use two test:one parametric and another non-parametric.</p>
<p>My doubt is for the parametric test, should I make a... | g42975 | [
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<p>For many regression/classification algorithms, we have the bayesian version of it. Like bayesian linear regression, bayesian logistic regression, bayesian neuron network. I do not fully understand the math in them, but what are its advantages compared with the original algorithm? Is is of great practical use?</p> | g42976 | [
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<p>I want to compare a set of frequencies and determine the p-value of their dependence. One of them is the null distribution of frequencies and the other is the distribution that I want to test. The data look like this:</p>
<pre><code>nucleotide background selected
1 0.1489113 0.06074766
2 0.1428619 0.04... | g13995 | [
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<blockquote>
<p><strong>Possible Duplicate:</strong><br>
<a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/46597/dependent-bernoulli-trials">Dependent Bernoulli trials</a> </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The probability of a sequence of n independent Bernoulli trials can be easily expressed as</p>
<pre><code>p(x_1,...,x... | g49538 | [
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<p>Teegavarapu and Chandramouli (2005) has mentioned Coefficient of correlation method for spatial interpolation of moisture data that calculates the coefficients between a point and its neighbors and uses it for interpolation. </p>
<p>R has many spatial packages across many levels (sp, geoR, gstat, automap). I have b... | g37575 | [
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<p>I am having trouble understanding what method to apply for the analysis of the following type of data:</p>
<pre><code>id period grade GLP NAB ROE ROA OSS ESS PMA P30
1 1 NA 1790835 769 0.3795033 0.1171393 1.66014 1.221868 0.3976413 0.007312334
1 2 NA 2597351 1143 0.5896583 0.188034 1.... | g37464 | [
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<p>I am trying to fit a lasso penalized logistic regression model to a certain data. I am using lassoglm for that in matlab. I use the following function </p>
<p>[B,FitInfo] = lassoglm(X,Y,'binomial','Lambda',0.01,'CV',10);</p>
<p>Using 10 fold cross validation, it will use different samples every time to fit the mod... | g58784 | [
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<p>I am doing the following experiment:</p>
<p>I have slots which I monitor, the slot can either be occupied / free. The study is per slot, so we are discussing one slot here.</p>
<p>Every now and then I receive the following indications for example: <code>s(2)=free</code>, which means that once a spot was free (afte... | g58785 | [
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<p>I have count data for events measured within each of multiple individuals. However, the amount of time over which each individual was observed varies. Normally, if the counts were obtained over equal amounts of time, I'd do something like:</p>
<pre><code>fit = lmer(
data = my_data
, formula = count ~ (1|ind... | g14001 | [
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<p>(Thanks a lot for the quick responses! I did a poor job of asking the question, so let me retry.)</p>
<p>I do not know how to find out whether or not the difference between two Spearman's correlations is statistically significant. I would like to know how to find it out.</p>
<p>The reason I wanted to find out is... | g42990 | [
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<p>I have a representative sample token on area of 60 mq (squared meter) of a territory of 54077 mq. This sample contains the number of little plants that there are for each mq. The sample is defined in R as:</p>
<pre><code>s=c(13,7,10,4,28,0,10,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,6,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,4,0,0,0,4,0,0,0,1,2,2,0,
2,3,... | g14004 | [
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<p>$X_1, X_2 \sim \text{i.i.d.} N(\mu, \sigma^2/n)$. Any ideas?</p> | g14005 | [
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<p>Use a computer and generate $50$ random samples, each of size $n=25$, from a normal probability distribution with $\mu=130$ and $\sigma=10$.</p>
<ol>
<li>Calculate the 95% confidence interval based on each sample mean.</li>
<li>What proportion of these confidence intervals contains $\mu=130$?</li>
<li>Explain what ... | g14006 | [
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<p>If a predictor in a logistic regression is not discriminating between 'goods' and 'bads' for most of the range and is discriminating only at higher or lower values (monotonic), should the variable be used as continuous or as a dummy indicating the range in which it is predictive?</p> | g14007 | [
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<p>Very short question. What exactly is the difference between an instrumental variable and a proxy variable when building a regression model?</p> | g14008 | [
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<p>I am trying to determine whether this is a valid statistical procedure.</p>
<p>I have ~1000 samples, and each sample has around 1-500 data points. Each data point consists of two fractions (value1 and value2) that range from 0 to 1. I am trying to perform a fisher's exact test with the two fractions (I have the num... | g58786 | [
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<p>In relation to the question below I have uploaded the detrended plot and the differenced plot to the following links (I tried to add the images to the post but I got a 'new user' error msg). If anybody knows a way to make a statistical connection between the two without doing regression analysis (because of the nons... | g58787 | [
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0.032276... |
<p>I'm currently working with a longitudinal dataset, the Kauffman Firm Survey. </p>
<p>The survey tracks about 5000 firms starting from 2004 - 2009. Firms die out over the years.</p>
<p>It has both cross-sectional weights and longitudinal weights. </p>
<p>I've checked out Lumley's Complex Surveys using R, but the s... | g58788 | [
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<p>To run a certain activity, a population of companies use a finite set of inputs. There are 8 different inputs, but each company may not use all of them. For instance, company 1 uses inputs A, B and D, whereas company 2 uses inputs B, D, E and F</p>
<p>I have conducted a survey to ask 30 different companies about ... | g58789 | [
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0.02... |
<p>I am looking for libraries available from Python to compute marginals on an undirected graphical model (i.e. a random field) with loops. </p>
<p>Some algorithms for this could be LBP (loopy belief propagation) or GBP (generalized belief propagation), although I don't need to use a specific algorithm.</p>
<p>I chec... | g14011 | [
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<p>This is more a question to make sure I have a good understanding. </p>
<ol>
<li><p>Assuming that the variance of each sample is similar i.e., homogeneity of variance and $n_1$ and $n_2$ are the same. $$\text{df} = (n_1-1) + (n_2-1)$$ also the $$\text{MSE} = \frac{s_1^2 + s_2^2}{2}$$ </p></li>
<li><p>Assuming that ... | g44931 | [
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<p>I was reading this paper <a href="http://stat.wharton.upenn.edu/~lzhao/papers/MyPublication/MultiExpert_ICML_2009.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://stat.wharton.upenn.edu/~lzhao/papers/MyPublication/MultiExpert_ICML_2009.pdf</a></p>
<p>However, I have some confusion related to maximum likelihood derivation in this paper</... | g14013 | [
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<p>This is probably a very simple question! I am trying to compare two groups on a balance evaluation, a normal group and one with a neuro deficit. However, these two groups are significantly different in age. Since age is significantly correlated to the balance score, is there a way to compare my two groups while tak... | g58790 | [
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... |
<p>In his widely cited paper <a href="http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=euclid.ba/1340371048" rel="nofollow"><em>Prior distributions for variance parameters in hierarchical models</em></a> (916 citation so far on Google Scholar) Gelman proposes that good non-informat... | g58791 | [
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<p>I want to know if there is any literature about the following regression problem:
$$ Y=X\beta +\epsilon$$
where $Y$ is unknown. But, i know $X$ and the OLS estimator of $\beta$
$$ \hat{\beta}=(X^\top X)^{-1}X^\top Y$$
because i know the value of $X^\top Y$
In fact i have an inverse problem of quadratic programming w... | g21460 | [
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<p>I am looking for a data set which can be used for ARIMA or any forecasting models. The data should be such that, over a period of time the range of inputs change i.e. the band of input data changes significantly. This should lead to incorrect forecasting. I should see the error in forecasting and should retrain the ... | g58792 | [
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0.014930428005754948,
0.03286172077059746,
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<p>I have got a dataset with N=51. The dataset comprises two groups (n=26, and n=25).
I have one outcome variable and one covariate (both continues variables). I am interested in if there is an effect of group on outcome measure.</p>
<p>I used a general linear model to estimate the beta of group. </p>
<p>In the GLM, ... | g58793 | [
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0.019940093159675598,
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... |
<p>the problem is :
A manufacture claims that a new brand of air-conditioning unit uses only 6.5 kilowatts of electricity per day,A consumer agency believe the true figure is higher and runs a test on a sample of size 50.if the sample mean is 7.0 kilowatts with a standard deviation of 1.4,should the manufacturer'... | g58794 | [
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<p>So I have been looking at how to plot high dimensional clustered data, and one of the options that come up is a heat map.</p>
<p>Although there are many webpages that provides code on how to create one, there is very little information about how to interpret a heat map.</p>
<p>So I was wondering how would I interp... | g58795 | [
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<p>I have $n_X$ observations of variable X, $n_Y$ of variable Y, and $n_Z$ of variable Z. I'd like to test the hypothesis that the true mean of $X$ is equal to the sum of the means of Y and Z.
$$H_0: \mu_X - (\mu_Y+\mu_Z) = 0$$</p>
<p><strong>Initial thoughts</strong></p>
<p>I can use the sample means to define an ... | g58796 | [
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0.01864623837172985,
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0... |
<p>The minimum length confidence bounds for a normal population variance for chi-squared distribution is
<img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/4DQ1W.png" alt="enter code here"></p>
<p>Are they right?</p>
<p>GOAL: Create a simulation study using R to compare the accuracy (95% capture rate) and the lengths of the Chi-Sq... | g58797 | [
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<p>I performed generalized linear mixed models to test the effects of a treatment on two different groups (I performed a model for each group). Now I would like to test which of the groups is most affected by the treatment, that is to compare the magnitude of the response. I know how to test for difference in means, bu... | g58798 | [
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<p>I need some guidance on which statistical test to use:</p>
<p>I want to know if the nature of frog calls changes depending on the time of day. I observed 4 species of frogs at the same 3 times for several days. Every time a frog vocalized during my observation, I recorded the length and amplitude of that particular... | g58799 | [
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0.013454623520374298,
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0.002328180242329836,
0.03... |
<p>I'm working on a programming <a href="http://www.reddit.com/r/dailyprogrammer/comments/24r50l/552014_161_easy_blackjack/" rel="nofollow">puzzle/challenge</a> for fun, and had a question about whether or not two approaches for doing random selection are equivalent. </p>
<p>Lets say I have a class <code>Deck</code> ... | g58800 | [
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0.0032798098400235176,
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0.005299786571413279,
0.026032309979200363,
0.... |
<p>I have a very large and sparse dataset of spam twitter accounts and it requires me to scale the x axis in order to be able to visualise the distribution (histogram, kde etc) and cdf of the various variables (tweets_count, number of followers/following etc).</p>
<pre><code> > describe(spammers_class1$tweets_co... | g43007 | [
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0.04762871563434601,
-0.010685504414141178,
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0.025151945650577545,
0.0356682725250721,
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0.011214342899620533,
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0.01532816980034113,
0.11682626605033875,
-0.00... |
<p>I'm new in time series and the concept of stationarity has been bugging me for a while :( I know the definition of stationarity but it is not 100% clear for me why for example we have to difference the data in order to do time series analysis. </p>
<p>Could someone give me a very simple and short example of time se... | g37957 | [
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0.008492199704051018,
0.007162102032452822,
0.005346125457435846,
... |
<p>If you want to perform a PCA, I guess that using SVD will always work. Eigendecomposition on the covariance matrix only works when your data is not high dimensional(so n > p). But I'm wonder if there are circumstances in practice where you would prefer eigendecompostion over SVD?</p> | g58801 | [
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0.04784... |
<p>It was recommended to me on the <a href="http://ui.stackexchange.com/questions/1543/whats-recommended-for-the-number-of-users-to-use-in-qualitative-and-quantitative">User Interface Stack Exchange</a> that I also ask this question here. So....</p>
<p>I'm currently rebuilding our entire intranet from scratch, mostly ... | g21462 | [
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0.0... |
<p>I need to build model where y depends on x (y~x). But while I have the usual data for Y, I only have a range of values for X, e.g. </p>
<pre><code>X=4..5; Y=2
X=4..5; Y=2.1
X=5..7; Y=3
....
X=10..12; Y=8
</code></pre>
<p>I think standard regression and OLS can not be used. What a way to build the model?</p>
<p>Th... | g14023 | [
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0.03552177548408508,
0.121100515127182,
0.0000... |
<p>I am using a simple regression example<br>
$$Y=X\beta+\epsilon$$
$X$: 10 by 15 data matrix.<br>
$\beta$: 15 by 1 vector.<br>
$Y$: 10 by 1 vector.</p>
<p>I am using beta1 and beta2 to compare the results against each other. Second element in beta2 is 1. Why, after cross validation, beta2 becomes more sparse(l... | g58802 | [
0.055990785360336304,
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0.07622083276510239,
0.01290934532880783,
0.04... |
<p>Suppose I have observed 3 realizations of two non-negative, integer random variables $X$ and $Y$. Nothing is known about their underlying distribution. The results were $x = \{4,~8,~2\}$, and $y = \{22,~11,~8\}$. Hence, $\overline{x} = 14/3$ and $\overline{y} = 41/3$, for a sample mean difference of $9$.</p>
<p>... | g58803 | [
0.015810828655958176,
0.0005063003627583385,
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0... |
<p>For high dimensional data, LASSO is useful as it allows to determine the few significant covariates. I think <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_sensing" rel="nofollow">compressed sensing</a> is an upgrade of LASSO. According to the wiki page: </p>
<blockquote>
<p>[the LASSO estimator] recovered spar... | g14028 | [
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0.02095651999115944,
0.05555533990263939,
0.... |
<p>This might be a rather simple question on Bayesian statistics. </p>
<p>Consider the case of inference on properties of a normal distribution $N(µ,σ²)$.</p>
<p>If we assume the standard non-informative prior on σ² $1/σ²$, the resulting posterior distribution
$$ p(µ,σ²|y) ∝ (\frac{1}{σ²}) ^{\frac{N+1}{2}} exp(-\fra... | g58804 | [
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0.013828135095536709,
0.03866545110940933,
0.0045008365996181965,
-... |
<p>I need to draw a funnel plot for my meta-analysis, which is observational and aggregates prevalence rates of a certain medical condition. As far as I know, a funnel plot is a scatter plot of effect size measures against sample sizes. Therefore I have some difficulties in my study which I think does not have an effec... | g58805 | [
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0.08712808042764664,
... |
<p>Defining risk of the estimator as the expected square loss,
is there any work discussing the non-asymptotic risk bounds for Poisson regression based on
maximum likelihood estimate (MLE)?</p> | g14031 | [
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<p>I am looking at the derivation of the Maximal Margin Classifier model, where they typically transform the following maximization problem:
<img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/8xkUm.jpg" alt="max_model"></p>
<p>into this minimization problem:</p>
<p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/Z1bqo.jpg" alt="min_model"></p>
... | g21465 | [
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0... |
<p>I am trying to understand how to back-transform in R. Let's say I have X and Y values:</p>
<pre><code>X<-c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
Y<-c(14,18,17,22,8,10,5,6,10)
</code></pre>
<p>Now let's say that I want to transform the Y to square-root (i.e. sqrt(Y)), and X to log and then run a simple linear regression model.... | g58806 | [
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-0.012769336812198162,
-0.05691017583012581,
0.11079872399568558,
0.03384295478463173,
-0.02... |
<p>I don't think I understand how you can have a standard deviation of a mean <em>σ<sub>x̅</sub></em>.</p>
<p><em>x̅</em> is all the sum of all values divided by the sample size <em>n</em>. It's a single value.</p>
<p>How can there be a standard deviation <em>σ</em> for a single value? Does it mean <em>σ</em> of the ... | g49539 | [
0.03443508222699165,
0.03242442384362221,
-0.0211317278444767,
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0.004369955509901047,
0.01808365434408188,
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0.06797178834676743,
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0.002557275351136923,
0.059528499841690063,
-0.03... |
<p>I'm trying to implement a multi target tracking with Kalman filter. Each object has an instance of Kalman Filter. The true position of the objects $(x,Y)$ are the corrected state out of the KF after the prediction and correction steps. Till now everything is clear.</p>
<p>For associating observations to objects I'm... | g58807 | [
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0.003055333625525236,
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0.0689033791422844,
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<p>How can I fill with a color in one side of the diagonal of the following graph (only one triangle area) in R? I have used <code>abline(0,1)</code> for drawing the diagonal line. However, as we can see the the diagonal line is not perfect in the left-bottom corner. Could someone help me to draw a perfect diagonal lin... | g58808 | [
0.048252951353788376,
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0.07061219960451126,
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0.033245328813791275,
-0.0... |
<p><a href="http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471056693.html" rel="nofollow">Pattern classification</a> by Duda, Hart, Stork (Section- 9.6.8) states that a 2-class training set of $d+1$ or less samples in a d−dimensional space is always linearly separable i.e. if the samples span the $d$ dimensions and... | g58809 | [
-0.01702701859176159,
0.03508909046649933,
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-... |
<p>I ran into the following problem while using <code>transcan()</code> function from the <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rms/index.html" rel="nofollow">rms</a> package. For a fixed dataset, I ran <code>transcan()</code> to transform a set of 15 variables on 2 separate Linux machines - the final transfo... | g58810 | [
0.00764798978343606,
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0.015752781182527542,
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0.0526227205991745,
0.010273683816194534,
0.0119... |
<p>I have a matrix with two columns that have many prices (750).
In the image below I plotted the residuals of the follow linear regression:</p>
<pre><code>lm(prices[,1] ~ prices[,2])
</code></pre>
<p>Looking at image, seems to be a very strong autocorrelation of the residuals.</p>
<p>However how can I test if the a... | g14043 | [
0.0393550768494606,
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0.006662573665380478,
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0.03897932544350624,
0.03579248487949371,
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<p>I have two datasets of general elections (in a multi-party single-vote system) which I'm trying to analyze.
Each has about 10,000 data points (ballots) with some 30+ features - the main features are the number of votes each party got (let's denote these by $P_i$ for $i=1,...,N_{parties}$ , but I also have features f... | g14045 | [
-0.014715778641402721,
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0.018557598814368248,
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0.04160856828093529,
... |
<p>For time series there is the Granger causality test. Is there some causality test for the logistic regression?</p> | g58811 | [
0.08555664867162704,
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0.050163205713033676,
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0.048764754086732864,
0.0257... |
<p>I'm new to statistics and have a question about my machine learning method. This method can distinguish between positive/negative examples. The result is a set of rules to define only positive examples.</p>
<p>For each rule I have calculated the precision as follows:</p>
<p>precision = $\frac{\mathrm{TP}}{\mathrm{... | g6528 | [
0.07461360841989517,
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0.01139309722930193,
0.024656835943460464,
0.05832841992378235,
... |
<p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/dDglK.jpg" alt="Histogram of my data"></p>
<p>I have a set of data which in my opinion can be treated as coming from a Poisson distribution (they are all positive and represent days). I need to perform several regressions, with R, using these data as dependent variables. I tried l... | g21469 | [
0.005813563708215952,
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0.015202129259705544,
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<p>Is it fair to say that observational studies are the 'bread and butter' of epidemiological studies?</p>
<p>By epidemiological studies I mean studies looking for an association between an environmental factor and a disease.</p> | g58812 | [
0.04876362904906273,
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0.0527... |
<p>I was using the <code>kmeans</code> instruction of R for performing the k-means algorithm on Anderson's iris dataset. I have a question about some parameters that I got. The results are:</p>
<pre><code>Cluster means:
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
1 5.006000 3.428000 1.462000 0.24... | g45896 | [
0.003648478537797928,
0.008517934940755367,
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0.004895493388175964,
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0.038873717188835144,
0.02378622628748417,
-0.03211851045489311,
0.047120943665504456,
0.07026612758636475,
0.007... |
<p><strong>Context:</strong></p>
<p>I’m working with the Census Bureau’s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Community_Survey" rel="nofollow">American Community Survey</a> (ACS) data which are samples (not complete enumerations) aggregated at different spatial scales. Each ACS estimate is provided with a m... | g58813 | [
0.01739821396768093,
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0.04721347987651825,
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-0.02505866251885891,
0.00818923581391573,
-0.008853851817548275,
0.11698619276285172,
0.0528... |
<p>I'm trying to fully understand the confidence interval formal given on <a href="http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~lisa/twiki/bin/view.cgi/Public/DeepVsShallowComparisonICML2007#Results" rel="nofollow">this site</a>:</p>
<p>$$\hat{\mu}\pm z_{1-\alpha/2}\sqrt{\frac{\hat{\mu}(1-\hat{\mu})}{n}}$$</p>
<p>so I can reproduce ... | g46624 | [
0.04243240877985954,
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0.007967924699187279,
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0.0689927414059639,
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0.048601724207401276,
0.0308493934571743,
-0.006... |
<p>Following on from my <a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/9341/regularized-fit-from-summarized-data">earlier question</a>, the solution to the normal equations for ridge regression is given by:</p>
<p>$$\hat{\beta}_\lambda = (X^TX+\lambda I)^{-1}X^Ty$$</p>
<p>Could you offer any guidance for choosing ... | g58814 | [
0.05733077600598335,
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0.06761451810598373,
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0.04217229783535004,
0.03128257766366005,
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0.05456311255693436,
0.00043596659088507295,
-0.030... |
<p>I'm calculating the probability of an event using two different methods based on completely different aspects of the event. Both of the methods arrive at a single percentage.
Is there a way to combine the two percentages into a single percentage? The first percentage is more significant that the second and this s... | g14050 | [
0.04671315476298332,
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0.021462077274918556,
0.01093126181513071,
0.022756269201636314,
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0.04751933738589287,
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0.008403989486396313,
-0.021109309047460556,
0.05550747364759445,
0.0... |
<p>I would like to know if it is possible to convert a normal distribution into a triangular distribution. If it is, how it can be done?</p>
<p>I know the mean and the coefficient of variation of the normal distribution.</p> | g33581 | [
-0.013086967170238495,
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0.019530439749360085,
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0.04123026132583618,
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0.02828655205667019,
0.023622961714863777,
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0.00034884409978985786,
0.01928372308611869... |
<p>I am confused about a part of the proof of Bonferroni correction on wikipedia. They list the proof like this: Assume you have $m$ hypotheses with $m$ p-values. Let $I_0$ be the index set of the hypotheses for which $H_0$ is true. Then the probability of at least one type I error is bounded by
$$P\left\{ \bigcup_{I_{... | g58815 | [
0.041191067546606064,
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0.01831597276031971,
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0.010168420150876045,
0.022798987105488777,
0.0015463847666978836,
... |
<p>I have the following experimental data and desperately lack expert advice:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Of a total of 60 Subjects, 20 are randomly assigned to one of three conditions (1X3) during treatment </p></li>
<li><p>Each subject performs six tasks in random order. This is because I did not have access to a sufficient num... | g14051 | [
-0.028712818399071693,
0.02171887271106243,
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-0.011186420917510986,
-0.00018734525656327605,
-0.0353560745716095,
0.0450736843049526... |
<p>Are there any established methods for teasing apart the influence of different time series features on a target feature?</p>
<p>To illustrate:</p>
<ul>
<li>The target: Sales volume of kittens.</li>
<li>Features: Time of year, Average fluffiness, Average age, Discount factors etc...</li>
</ul>
<p>What would be the... | g58816 | [
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0.007338609080761671,
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0.04073561728000641,
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0.019103161990642548,
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0.09164607524871826,
0.06... |
<p>I have a series of points an a single real-valued axis. The points are either good or bad (encoded as 0 or 1). Generally zeros are bigger than ones. But they sometimes overlap. I need to a point which devised the two groups best. What techniques could I use? I thought about logistic regression, but do not know how d... | g58817 | [
-0.013187981210649014,
0.023023031651973724,
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0.022984307259321213,
0.04984267055988312,
0.07447100430727005,
-0.0... |
<p>I have been trying to find the best way to test if the difference between two frequencies is significantly different from zero</p>
<p>I have the following data:</p>
<pre><code>block clone time Mn Ab
1 28 0.5 1111 728
2 28 0.5 128 145
3 28 0.5 161 196
1 ... | g33583 | [
-0.00007463505608029664,
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0.026385989040136337,
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0.04061061143875122,
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0.0023465105332434177,
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-0.02820855751633644,
-0.005081494804471731,
0.061632074415683746,
0.007732791360467672,
... |
<p>I am seeking recommendations and/or best practices for analyzing non-independent data. In particular, I am curious about non-independent data that does not reflect typical repeated-measures time-based data in which data for the same question(s) or stimuli are collected at different time points. Rather the data colle... | g14055 | [
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0.02417667582631111,
0.007816728204488754,
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0.... |
<p>I have two sets, $A$ and $B$, containing <strong>string</strong> values.</p>
<p>I am trying to model the relationship between sets $A$ and $B$ by computing the following distance:
$d = \frac{ \mid A \mid + \mid B \mid- \mid A \cap B \mid}{ \mid A \mid + \mid B \mid}$</p>
<p>$ d = \ [0,...,1 \ ] $</p>
<p>The more ... | g27505 | [
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<p>Assuming $R_{\text{later}}=R_{k+1}+R_{k+2}+\ldots+R_n$ and that B (background information), in summary is: There are $N$ balls in an urn, $M$ of them being red and we draw $n$. Jaynes derives the probability for drawing a red ball in the $k$th draw as:
$$P(R_k|R_{\text{later}}B)=\frac{M}{N-n+k}\times\frac{\binom{N-1... | g58818 | [
-0.012371843680739403,
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0.021732868626713753,
0.01953260228037834,
-0... |
<p>I feel overwhelmed after attempting to dig into the literature on how to run my mixed model analysis following it up with using AIC to select the best model or models. I do not think my data is that complicated, but I am looking for confirmation that what I have done is correct, and then advise on how to proceed. ... | g58819 | [
-0.006323766894638538,
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0.013464419171214104,
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0.027452511712908745,
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0.02023065648972988,
0.08207516372203827,
0.01... |
<p>I'm trying to compare several methods by their performance on a set of synthetic data samples. For each method, I obtain a performance value between 0 and 1 for each of those samples. Then I plot a graph with the average performance per method</p>
<p>The problem now is that the achievable quality per sample varies ... | g58820 | [
0.005139906890690327,
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0.024433817714452744,
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... |
<p>I was looking at this <a href="http://glmm.wikidot.com/faq">page</a> and noticed the methods for confidence intervals for lme and lmer in R. For those who don't know R, those are functions for generating mixed effects or multi-level models. If I have fixed effects in something like a repeated measures design what ... | g14057 | [
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0.004256489221006632,
0.028203191235661507,
... |
<p>I have two variables, one continuous and one categorical which I currently both use as predictor variables in a logistic regression model. </p>
<p>Their relationship is shown in the following plot with the x axis showing the different categories of the categorical variable and the y axis showing the values of the c... | g58821 | [
0.036730919033288956,
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0.02370835281908512,
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0.059885457158088684,
0.015835478901863098,
0.02396426908671856,
0.02... |
<p>I am using Mallow's Distance (normalized Earth Mover's Distance) to characterize the similarity between two histograms. This is working very well, but I would like to identify a specific cut-off where the distance represents a statistically significant value. Effectively what I would like to do is perform a hypothes... | g14062 | [
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0.013968420214951038,
0.06203943490982056,
0.010... |
<p>So I have 1000 variables (different lakes), each with 12 observations (each lake was tested once a year for 12 years). Some of the lakes are really small, so we think they have way too much variation. My task is to determine exactly what is too much variation, trying to figure out which lakes we should eliminate. I ... | g14063 | [
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0.010043416172266006,
0.012760503217577934,
-0.06462167203426361,
-0.03613867610692978,
-0.04521023854613304,
0.07065568119287491,
0.019206708297133446,
0.01022464781999588,
0.015033300034701824,
0.02465391717851162,
0.03353145346045494,
0.04390845447778702,
0.090384... |
<p>I am comparing two distributions using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test [<code>ks.test()</code>] in R and would like to know what the numerical value is where $D_\text{max}$ occurs. It's not in the output of <code>ks.test()</code> as far as I can see, so I was wondering if anyone had any ideas about how I could find that... | g58822 | [
0.01997336745262146,
-0.04595725238323212,
-0.01054023765027523,
-0.010390836745500565,
-0.032136525958776474,
-0.02705756202340126,
-0.011004389263689518,
0.06135598570108414,
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-0.022652896121144295,
-0.031755153089761734,
0.03217237442731857,
0.05470108240842819,
0.... |
<p>In general, decision trees such as CART represent row-wise (or record-wise) partitions of training data. I wonder if there is any recursive method partitioning data in column-wise (predictor-wise) as I believe it would be useful when you have a huge number of homogeneous predictors. Any hint or reference will be app... | g14064 | [
-0.004819334950298071,
0.037617094814777374,
0.002234236802905798,
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0.0037363001611083746,
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0.019555747509002686,
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0.019775811582803726,
0.11269304901361465,
0... |
<p>I wonder, what are the available libraries in R or Python to do correlation matrix clustering (sometimes it is referred to clustering).</p>
<p>I also, wonder, after clustering/grouping each point. What is the most efficient and fast (not digging out pair of nodes again) way to rebuild and sort the matrix in a way t... | g14065 | [
0.020614605396986008,
-0.016504013910889626,
0.0136878602206707,
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0.030337592586874962,
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0.05549423769116402,
0.01783561520278454,
0.05751204118132591,
-0.00661... |
<p>I have some values from different repetitions of different experiments and I need to plot cumulative distribution function. You can see a fraction of my file below. can you help me how can i do that.</p>
<pre><code>Experiment Replication Obs
General0 0 1.294602161803
General0 0 1.094633445207
General0 0 0.8449582... | g14066 | [
-0.0020623907912522554,
-0.015029302798211575,
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-0.005891071166843176,
0.0295229721814394,
0.02183634042739868,
... |
<p>I have measured whole-genome gene expression in two groups of animals, n=6 in each group. My goal is to detect differentially expressed genes - pretty standard analysis. The typical thing to do, and what I suspect is a situation where 'everybody does it this way because everybody does it this way' is to run limma wi... | g14070 | [
0.004946984816342592,
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0.0038562617264688015,
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0.005876339040696621,
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0.004517624620348215,
0.029929766431450844,
-0.020551033318042755,
... |
<p>I do understand the advantages of standardizing regression predictors to get standardized coefficients, in order to interpret the coefficients better. However, as I was reading multiple pages online, I figured that some people do standardize both predictor AND outcome to get standardized coefficients. It doesn't mak... | g58823 | [
0.04433977231383324,
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0.033395420759916306,
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0.05165199935436249,
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0.012972239404916763,
-0.... |
<p>One standard approach we use when describing our data for a paper is to cut our dependent variable into tertiles and then give mean/SD or median/IQR for each tertile for continuous and percentage/number in each tertile for each category for categorical independent variables.</p>
<p>This is fine for an overview. But... | g45305 | [
0.005465477705001831,
0.007083187345415354,
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0.08640005439519882,
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0.056816622614860535,
0.011... |
<p>Feel free to substitute 'journals' for any other useful portal of knowledge.</p>
<p>I am interested in keeping an eye on new developments in machine learning, with a view to practical applications. I am not an academic seeking to publish my own work (at least not in this field), but I do want to be aware of potenti... | g58824 | [
-0.020958738401532173,
-0.03178946301341057,
0.02926716022193432,
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0.03851014003157616,
0.011740785092115402,
0.1153404489159584,
0.0270... |
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