question stringlengths 37 38.8k | group_id stringlengths 2 6 | sentence_embeddings listlengths 768 768 |
|---|---|---|
<p>I have the following setting (& would like to pick a model/or transformation that can help): dv is normally distributed continuous variable, all IVs are continuous, but one of them is the above mentioned variable which has values between 0 and 1, having two spikes at 0 and 1. In between there is a normal-like di... | g67901 | [
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<p>Given a set $A$ of $n=kl$ positive real numbers, let $a_{ij}$ be a random number removed from the set $A$ (without replacement) for $i=1 \dots k$ and $j=1 \dots l$. What is the distribution and expected value of the following expression?</p>
<p>$$
\prod_{i=1}^{k} \sum_{j=1}^{l} a_{ij}
$$</p>
<p>Note: Using a set ... | g67902 | [
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<p>I am trying to classify a dataset with ~1000 points. 90/10 is the class ratio - super imbalanced. </p>
<p>Here are the following steps I did:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Use 20 relevant features from previous knowledge</p></li>
<li><p>Remove highly correlated features</p></li>
<li><p>Perform backwards feature selection (use a... | g27669 | [
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<p>How can I enunciate this notation correctly, could you show me that, please?
$$ \sum \big( {Y_{i}}-{ \hat{Y}_{i}} \big)^2 $$
Thank you very much.</p> | g27671 | [
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<p>In the idealized logistic model, we obtain an S-shaped curve linking each continuous IV to the DV. But in practice this infrequently happens, making the logistic approach seem a little less superior for such types of data. Of course predicted probabilities that each observation will be "1" on the DV are usable in ... | g49624 | [
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<p>Here are my data:</p>
<pre><code>Time Treatment Ephemeroptera Trichoptera Plecoptera
Before Control 98 76 32
After Control 91 54 26
Before Impact 24 30 12
After Impact ... | g35826 | [
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<p>I have meteorological records for a point, these include temperature and solar irradiation. I want to plot them against another variable, that we shall call Rating, and see how the data are distributed. This is what I'm doing:</p>
<pre><code>d1 <- ggplot(data = mydata, aes(Temperature, Rating, fill = ..density..... | g11441 | [
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<p>I'm trying to program an SVM in Python to categorize proteins as "Go" or "No-Go".</p>
<p>I have a list of about 30 proteins, each with ~ 100 columns of structure-related parameters and 1 column of "True" or "False". I will use this as my training set.</p>
<p>I don't want to write an SVM that uses all 100 columns o... | g67903 | [
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<p>I have a data set with a set of features. Some of them are binary $(1=$ active or fired, $0=$ inactive or dormant), and the rest are real valued, e.g. $4564.342$.</p>
<p>I want to feed this data to a machine learning algorithm, so I $z$-score all the real-valued features. I get them between ranges $3$ and $-2$ appr... | g48402 | [
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<p>H0 is commonly understood to signify the absence of a treatment effect or difference between two groups. </p>
<p>Doesn't this understanding ignore the fact that sample data (being a sample) can never fully accurately reflect the nature of the phenomena being studied? </p>
<p>Doesn't the existence of things like Ty... | g67904 | [
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<p>I am looking for statistical measures of curve smoothness.</p>
<p>Time-series values {(1, 0.5), (4, -0.6), (200, 1.0)} where (time-unit, value) is linearly interpolated from one to the next.</p>
<p>The smoothest curve would keep all values the same. I am looking for curves that are smooth locally but have motion ... | g46908 | [
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<p>My problem is finding a way to estimate the standard error of a flow-weighted mean concentration. The FWMC is computed by summing the years flow * concentration measurements and dividing by the sum of flow measurements (17 measures of paired concentration and flow for the year). This FWMC number (in mg/L) is then m... | g67905 | [
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<p>Here is some sample data:</p>
<pre><code>structure(list(
y.t2 = c(NaN, 0.05, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.05, 0.07, 0.1),
n.t2 = c(0, 231, 228, 219, 210, 175, 250, 255, 270, 257),
y.t3 = c(0.07, 0.11, 0.2, 0.19, 0.17, 0.12, 0.18, 0.23, 0.18, NaN),
n.t3 = c(226, 224, 223, 208, 206, 224, 228, 246, 233, 0),
x =... | g67906 | [
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<p>For a randomized test, how do we compute the $p$-value?
For example, suppose the test is of the form:
$\phi(X)=1$ if $X > c$, $\phi(X)=p$ when $X=c$ and $\phi(X)=0$ otherwise.
How do we compute the $p$ value?</p> | g67907 | [
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<p>When testing whether $\epsilon_t$ is serially correlated in:</p>
<p>$$y_t = \alpha + \beta_1x_{1t} + \ . . . \ + \beta_kx_{kt} + \epsilon_t $$</p>
<p>Can we simply test: $H_0: p = 0$ in the following:</p>
<p>$$y_t = \alpha + \beta_1x_{1t} + \ . . . \ + \beta_kx_{kt} + p\hat{\epsilon}_{t-1} + \epsilon_t $$</p>
<p... | g67908 | [
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<p>I would like to use neural networks to classification of time series ( I have some Patterns and I want to adjust input time series to an appropriate class) </p>
<p>-ist it possible to do this job with neural network? which type of neural network should I use?</p> | g67909 | [
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<p>I have this question that I want figured out.
A person's Blood pressure was taken 4 times,the mean of these 4 observations came out to be say 120mm of Hg And the SD was 2.5.
Now we have taken 4 more observations and added their values in too.
Question is: 1. What will happen to SD of BP? &
2. With what percen... | g35830 | [
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<p>I recently know the fastSOM package from google. So I download the package.
But I’m beginner in R.</p>
<p>And I really want to studying spillover measures because I’m interested in volatility spillover. But It’s quite hard for me coding the spillover index.</p>
<p>I read the manual. and manual said</p>
<pre><cod... | g67910 | [
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<p>In <em>New Introduction to Multiple Time Series Analysis</em> by Luetkepohl (2005), section 5.2.1, it says that one can specify linear restraints for a VAR, $Y = \beta X + U$, in the form
$$
\operatorname{vec}{\beta} = R\gamma + r
$$
where $\beta$ is a $K(Kp+1)$-vector of parameters, $R$ is a $K(Kp+1) \times M$ matr... | g67911 | [
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<p>I would like to know if there is a way to calculate a number that can show how fragmented is a group?</p>
<p>It should be something like "variance of categorical data"?</p>
<p>For example I want to see how fragmented is Android/iOS in terms of OS version. The number would be high for Android, where there are a lot... | g67912 | [
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<p>I am attempting to fit a GLM to rate data. In my case it is the number of provisioning visits to a bird nest per hour. I model the data like in the example below including time as an offset.</p>
<p><code>number of visits ~ x , offset=log(time), family=poisson(link = log)</code></p>
<p>However this is complicated b... | g67913 | [
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<p>I am wondering how to make use of MTTF</p>
<p>Here is the situation, I am given an MTTF for an item type x and a certain demand for that item in the next 25 years, say 100 parts that will be in operation starting from now.</p>
<p>I need to make sure that failing parts within the next 25 years get replaced, by stor... | g67914 | [
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<p>I read on <a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/4796/comparison-of-slice-sampling-and-gibbs-sampling">this thread</a> the following:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>If you <em>can</em> use both the gibbs sampler and slice sampling to sample
from a posterior I would use the Gibbs sampler as the slice sampler
s... | g67915 | [
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<p>I would like to know in NER (Named Entity Recognition ) problem , which concept should be considered as samples? each token as a sample? or each sentence ? or each Named Entity should be considered as a sample?</p> | g67916 | [
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<p>I tried clustering a set of data (a set of marks) and got 2 clusters. I would like to graphically represent it. Bit confused about the representation, since I don't have the (x,y) coordinates.</p>
<p>Also looking for MATLAB/Python function for doing so.</p>
<p><strong>EDIT</strong></p>
<p>I think posting data mak... | g27690 | [
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<p>Where can I obtain more weather data? </p>
<p>NOAA has some: </p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/SL.us008001/DF.an/DC.sflnd/DS.synop/" rel="nofollow">http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/SL.us008001/DF.an/DC.sflnd/DS.synop/</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/SL.us008001/DF.an/DC.sflnd/DS.meta... | g48421 | [
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<p>Let's say I have two regression models, one with three variables and one with four. Each spits out an adjusted r^2, which I can compare directly.</p>
<p>Obviously, the model with the higher adjusted r^2 is the better fit, but is there way to test the difference between the two adjusted r^2 and get a p-value?</p>
... | g67917 | [
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<p>I tried <code>CorrelationFunction[Transpose[{data,data}]][[All,1,2]]</code> but it doesn't work! I mean the results are identical with those if I run <code>CorrelationFunction[data]</code>.</p> | g67918 | [
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<p>Consider a vector of parameters $(\theta_1, \theta_2)$, with $\theta_1$ the parameter of interest, and $\theta_2$ a nuisance parameter.</p>
<p>If $L(\theta_1, \theta_2 ; x)$ is the likelihood constructed from the data $x$, the profile likelihood for $\theta_1$ is defined as $L_P(\theta_1 ; x) = L(\theta_1, \hat{\th... | g67919 | [
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<p>I am trying to fit a GLM model to my data (7 million rows, 153 variables) using R.
More precisely I am using the Revoscaler package, but I suppose my issue would apply to other software as well.</p>
<p>The calculation results in an error, saying that the GLM model is singular. I tried to find an explanation, withou... | g11447 | [
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0.03531046584248543,
-0.002203108975663781,
0.059746626764535904,
-0.042910657823085785,
-0.008070777170360088,
-0.02547210268676281,
-0.006426360458135605,
0.06817533820867538,
-0... |
<p>I understand that independent t-tests compare two means and establish whether they are statistically different from one another.</p>
<p>If I want to compare whether there are statistical differences in the coefficients from two linear regressions, what kind of test would I use? Is this also a t-test?</p> | g44449 | [
0.019854793325066566,
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0.018201347440481186,
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0.007832536473870277,
0.016966724768280983,
... |
<p>I have 52 weekly observations of count data that has some spikes and a definite trend (available <a href="https://dl.dropbox.com/u/37488982/obs-per-week.csv" rel="nofollow">here</a>). </p>
<pre><code>obs.pw <- read.csv(paste0(download.path,'obs-per-week.csv'))
obs.pw <- obs.pw[ 2:dim(obs.pw)[2]]
</code></pre>... | g48431 | [
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<p>Suppose the registrar's office at a college reports 58% of the students live on campus. An intern working in the administration building is unaware of this 58% parameter value. He designs a study in which he will take a random sample of 200 students and estimate the population proportion of all students that live ... | g67920 | [
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0.018309567123651505,
... |
<p>Emily is a big fan of lady gaga, and 20% of the songs on her ipod are lady gaga songs. Suppose Emily has her ipod on shuffle and repeat mode, which can be assumed to mean that each song to be played always has the same 20% chance to be a lady gaga song.</p>
<p>What is the approximate probability that at least 14 o... | g45415 | [
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... |
<p>Suppose a data set looks like exponential growth. See <a href="http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://image.tutorvista.com/cms/images/38/exponential-growth-graph.JPG&imgrefurl=http://math.tutorvista.com/algebra/exponential-growth.html&h=450&w=580&sz=3&tbnid=ZyVT0NerTOSuuM%3a&tbnh=90&t... | g67921 | [
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<p>I have a colleague who calculates correlations in which one set of scores for a subject (e.g. 100 scores) is correlated with another set of scores for that same subject. The resulting correlation reflects the degree to which those sets of scores are associated for that subject. He needs to do this for N subjects. C... | g67922 | [
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0.019007254391908646,
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... |
<p>Say I want to plot summary data with a point and a 95% confidence interval around that point. What should my point <em>really</em> be? Mean, mode, or median?</p>
<p>I know that mean = median for any symmetrical distribution, and the most common distributions used in data analysis (t distribution and normal distribu... | g67923 | [
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<p>I was wondering if you know if a stastical model "cheat sheet(s)" that lists any or more information:</p>
<ul>
<li>When to use the model</li>
<li>When not to use the model</li>
<li>required and optional inputs</li>
<li>expected outputs</li>
<li>has the model been tested in different fields (policy, bio, engineering... | g67924 | [
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0.017758484929800034,
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0.003836127230897546,
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0.0... |
<p>Given that I have a set of bernoulli experiments, each with a different and unkown probability $p_i$ and an outcome $x_i$, and an estimator that for each experiment gives a prediction of the probability of the event, I want to measure the prediction quality of the estimator.</p>
<p>Example: I have a stack of n "unf... | g67925 | [
-0.010526297613978386,
0.023671654984354973,
0.024337412789463997,
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0.011084424331784248,
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0.04855750873684883,
-0.008288939483463764,
-... |
<p>I'm trying to produce a linear regression model, but I only have 25 observations and 34 predictors.</p>
<p>I'm trying feature selection,</p>
<pre><code>library(MASS)
full.m <- lm(fmla, data=mydata)
fsel.m <- step(full.m, direction = "both")
</code></pre>
<p>but I get this error,</p>
<pre><code>Error in ste... | g49790 | [
-0.004527545999735594,
-0.049324315041303635,
-0.00821651704609394,
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0.018290333449840546,
0.06862512230873108,
0.00... |
<p>Does anyone have a interpretation of a logloss value? Am I correct to assume that values closer to 0 and 1 are more likely to be an indication that the predicted value is incorrect? Thanks.</p> | g67926 | [
-0.005879094824194908,
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0.00449414411559701,
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<p>For a multi-threaded application, I want to identify the nature of the application based on the arrival times of each thread. Example(Are thread launch spaced regularly, are they bursty in nature or are they highly dynamic). To identify this, the starting time of each thread is measured. The variance is calculated f... | g48442 | [
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0.019778016954660416,
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... |
<p>My question is similar to <a href="https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/50079/gain-score-vs-residualized-change-score-when-analysing-correlates-of-change-no">this question</a>, but I was not allowed to comment on it, so I will ask again tailored to my specific problem:</p>
<p>I computed a correlation between a... | g67927 | [
-0.0008864558767527342,
0.0034062406048178673,
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... |
<p>All I can find now is somehow based on random walks or graph kernels, which is nice, but I want to have a more or less solid probabilistic foundation for my recommender system for bounds and estimations and stuff which usually comes with probabilistic models. </p>
<p>I probably should clarify: I have a graph and wa... | g15168 | [
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0.04675142094492912,
0.017971258610486984,
0.10011783242225647,
0.043... |
<p>I have a sort of an expression for a multivariate normal-gamma distribution as follows:</p>
<p>$$
P(\lambda|w) = P(w|\lambda) P(\lambda)
$$</p>
<p>$P(w|\lambda)$ is a multivariate normal with 0 mean and parameterised with the precision matrix given by $(\lambda\Lambda)$. $\lambda$ is a scalar.</p>
<p>$P(\lambda)$... | g27702 | [
0.029329076409339905,
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0.034610599279403687,
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0.021237874403595924,
0.02785155177116394,
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0.028659088537096977,
... |
<p>The central limit theorem states that the mean of i.i.d. variables, as $N$ goes to infinity, becomes normally distributed. </p>
<p>This raises two questions:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Can we deduce from this the law of large numbers?</strong> If the law of large numbers says that the mean of a sample of a random variab... | g67928 | [
0.00730899116024375,
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... |
<p>Seeking a textbook or other publication describing the Mantel-Haenszel test of a $2 \times 2 \times r$ table that provides at least one numeric example. Thanks.</p> | g67929 | [
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0... |
<p>Alright, I'm having an insane amount of difficulty for what seems like a simple concept. I need to generate a bunch of basis functions for a curve that underlies some simulated Poisson distributed data and then run Newton's method on it to fit the log-likelihood (Poisson regression). I understand the math behind New... | g67930 | [
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0.014135823585093021,
0.020564300939440727,... |
<p>Just want to check that I am performing my cross validation procedures right. I'm using a non-linear svm. I do a five fold cross validation (5 splits of test/train on my original training data) and for each fold, run a grid search to find the optimal parameters for that train/test pair (e.g. best parameters where mo... | g27706 | [
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0.051955558359622955,
0.034446295350790024,
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0.04922287... |
<p>I am quite new to Statistics, so please do not flame me for such a simple question.</p>
<p>I made a controlled experiment and successfully gathered the data. 41 persons participated. They made a questionnaire and a game. From both of them, they obtained a single, discrete score.</p>
<p>The situation is the followi... | g44524 | [
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0.0... |
<p>I'm just reading about the arcsine rule for the first time in the context of coin flipping, i.e., that one player is very likely to lead a large percentage of the time in a finite number of trials.</p>
<p><strong>Question</strong>: Is whether there is a generalized version of this for biased coin?</p>
<p>I tried f... | g67931 | [
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0.039551928639411926,
0.04597879946231842,
0.057958655059337616,
0.0372660867869854,
-0.03... |
<p>I have designed a rather long (250 Qn) survey designed to uncover user clusters. The questions are such that the pattern of answering should elicit user clusters, but I am having trouble uncovering these with my analyses to date.</p>
<p>For example, a typical Qn might be: 'Are you more of a dog or cat person?' Or, ... | g493 | [
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0.009612896479666233,
0.06148770451545715,
0.006... |
<p>I'm not a statistician, but I'm interested in how far I can push myself with my basic algebra skills, armed with a C# development background and Excel.</p>
<p>Suppose I have several lotteries, each with different payouts, and odds, what is the right way to go about comparing and ranking the various games?</p>
<p>W... | g37922 | [
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0.062484290450811386,
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0.036813199520111084,
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0.10319294780492783,
... |
<p>I'm trying to implement a topic model using a Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) algorithm. I'm using sentences as my dataset. What is Ck in the given instructions?</p>
<p>The instructions are as follows:
For dataset D:
Run LDA with k topics on D to produce assignment matrix Ck</p>
<p>Its on page 29 of this pdf
<a... | g35476 | [
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0.010737008415162563,
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0.026652006432414055,
... |
<p>I have run GLM and GAM for my data (Mnemiopsis leyidi) in 4 season.
I have used the quasipoisson for reduce of the effect of over-dispersion.
in some the papers write that negative binomial is better than quasipoisson. Moreover, dependent variable in spring and winter have a number of zero.</p>
<p>I really do not k... | g27711 | [
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0.03806474432349205,
0.0442252978682518,
-0.02... |
<p>I am doing an estimation using a bunch of sparse data. Suppose that I have a 100x100 grid and 20 data is available on this 2D grid. One solution is to use a determiastic method and estimate the other unknown locations on this grid, but as you may know, it does not guarantee the heterogeneity and we always can expect... | g67932 | [
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0.01663847267627716,
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0.046111010015010834,
0.0610923171043396,
0.050... |
<p>I am running generalised linear mixed effects models in R using the lme4 package. I am wondering if there are any post-hoc tests available for models built using the glmer function?</p>
<p>I know the package lmerTest has a function for post hoc testing lmer models (class merMod), but it won't work for objects of cl... | g67933 | [
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0.0004849019751418382,
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... |
<p>I would like to be certain of how to calculate the $\chi^2$ value for this scenario: </p>
<blockquote>
<p>We desire a measure of the goodness of fit of a nonlinear model to a data set. The data consists of many data points $x_i$, where $i$ is an index, and $x_i$ is specific to the experiment (e.g., measured in ... | g67934 | [
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0.007097942288964987,
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0.0349368155002594,
0.020922251045703888,
-... |
<p>I am running a multiple regression with the code:</p>
<pre><code>model = lm(Price ~ factor(Make) + Cylinder + Liter + Doors + Cruise + Sound +leather, data=kuiper)
</code></pre>
<p>I got the <code>summary(model)</code> output without any error.</p>
<p>I am able to get the output of variance decomposition table wh... | g27712 | [
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... |
<p>Suppose you have a sample from a distribution with a mean but no defined variance, like the Pareto with tail parameter between 1 and 2, or Student’s t with 2 degrees of freedom. </p>
<p>Can an unbiased estimator of the mean of such a distribution have a (defined, finite) variance? </p> | g38038 | [
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<p>I am wondering what the differences are in SPSS between </p>
<ul>
<li><code>analyze-> generalized linear models-> generalized linear models</code> &</li>
<li><code>analyze-> mixed models-> generalized linear</code> </li>
</ul>
<p>Do they deal with missing values differently? </p>
<p>My dependent... | g49819 | [
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0.... |
<p>Is there an accepted formula to determine a good lower bound for the number of samples needed for the initial input on an SOM clustering algorithm?</p>
<p>For example - If I know that there are X number of attributes, and I suspect that there are at least Y distinct groups, and I have an input of 4 million line ite... | g27717 | [
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0.00800... |
<p>I have a set of 60 things. Of those things, 24 belong to one type, 8 to another type, and 4 to a third type. If you select 7 things from the set, what's the probability of getting at least one of each together?</p> | g67935 | [
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<p>This is a long set-up, but the pure intellectual challenge will make it worthwhile I promise ;-)</p>
<p>I have marketing data where there is a treatment and a control (i.e a customer gets no treatment). The event of interest (getting a loan) is relatively rare (<1%). My objective is to model the incremental lift... | g67936 | [
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0.03821595385670662,
0.003542093560099601... |
<p>I'm currently learning about the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and using R for conducting simple experiments. One thing which is confusing me is that I found some results would produce a high W value whilst the p-value is very low.</p>
<p>If I understand this correctly, the W value may be between 0 to 1. A small ... | g49510 | [
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0.0... |
<p>I've run a test on a program, upgraded the program and then run the same tests again. The first test showed that the median time for the program to respond was approximately 2.0 seconds. The second test showed that, after the upgrade, the median time for the program to respond was approximately 0.5 seconds. </p>
... | g67937 | [
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0.04703323543071747,
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... |
<p>I'm new to R and I'm trying to set up a basic k folds CV loop.
In Python I'd use scikit's KFold.</p>
<pre><code>import numpy as np
from sklearn.cross_validation import KFold
Y = np.array([1, 1, 3, 4])
kf = KFold(len(Y), n_folds=2, indices=False)
for train, test in kf:
print("%s %s" % (train, test))
[False F... | g67938 | [
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0.009351463057100773,
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0.016678262501955032,
0... |
<p>Ok so i have been taught this formula regarding binomial probability</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Repeat an even n times </p>
<pre><code> x = # of successes
p = probability of successes
q = probability of failure
</code></pre>
<p>p(x = a) = nCa * p^a * q^(n-a)</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Ok wow seems good. So i try ... | g27720 | [
-0.007686044555157423,
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0.08109476417303085,
0.03014596737921238,
0.0180... |
<p>This machine learning contest in Kaggle has a benchmark solution that uses logistic regression: <a href="http://www.kaggle.com/c/predict-who-is-more-influential-in-a-social-network" rel="nofollow">http://www.kaggle.com/c/predict-who-is-more-influential-in-a-social-network</a></p>
<p>The context provides data where ... | g67939 | [
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... |
<p>I have a set of vectors. I'm working on ways to reduce a n-dimensional vector to a unary value (one-dimensional), say</p>
<p>(x1,x2,....,xn) ------> y
This single value needs to be the characteristic value of the vector. Each unique vector produces a unique output value. Which of the following methods is appropriat... | g27724 | [
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0.... |
<p>I need to validate a cox-regression model internally - i was thinking of either k-fold cross validation or bootstrapping methods. are either of these possible to do with a cox model? any idea how to perform these? an example of our stepwise regression is below:</p>
<p>sw, pr(0.05): stcox age3 apricat2 meldcat2 etio... | g27725 | [
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<p>Suppose we have three variables $X_1, \dots, X_3$. There are $5$ categories for each variable. In each of the categories, the variables can take at most $3$ values. Suppose we are interested in the frequency of values in each category across the $3$ variables. </p>
<p>Suppose the data is the following: $X_1 = (1,2,... | g27726 | [
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0.... |
<p>I have a question that's two part. </p>
<p>1) The first part is that I have a bit vector or a fingerprint of a digital circuit where the each bit is high if a specific structure or component exists and zero other wise. All the fingerprint is of equal length. The bit position indicates a specific structure and is th... | g67940 | [
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... |
<p>I have two data sets. In one of them I am controlling the predictor variable $X_1$ and observe the response on $Y$. In the second one I control $X_2$ and observe the response on $Y$. I perform linear regression for each data set separately.</p>
<p>$X_1$ and $X_2$ are different by 6 orders of magnitude. In theory, a... | g67941 | [
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<p>I have a simple two-dimensional dataset with columns X1,X2, and [outcome], and I want to try KNN (probably K around 100 or 1000, though ideally CV would be possible). The problem is that my dataset has a couple million rows. </p>
<p>Are there any preferred packages/approaches for dealing with this sort of thing?</p... | g27727 | [
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<p>I'm very new to R and having trouble running functions to get the answers I need. I have example data PCSTest</p>
<p><a href="http://pastebin.com/z9Ti3nHB" rel="nofollow">http://pastebin.com/z9Ti3nHB</a></p>
<p>that looks something like this:</p>
<pre><code>Date Site Word
-----------------------... | g27729 | [
-0.003497221739962697,
-0.027388175949454308,
-0.008213886059820652,
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0.03319774568080902,
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0.08580045402050018,
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0.021249739453196526,
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0.... |
<p>For each of several subjects, I have mean reaction times for each of several stimuli. For each individual subject, I want to regress the RTs (as Y) against the stimuli (as X) and see if I get a slope that is significantly different from zero. For that, I used Matlab's fitlm function which gives me, for the X predict... | g67942 | [
0.004269349854439497,
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0.01835382543504238,
0.03028758615255356,
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0.015468521974980831,
0.019499173387885094,
0.03377952054142952,
-0.000044... |
<p>I have a sequence of observations e.g. ["Click","Scroll","Hover","Zoom","Select"]. I need to predict the next value of this observation sequence but not the next hidden state.</p>
<p>I know that there are three fundamental problems for HMMs:
a)Given the model parameters and observed data, we can estimate the optima... | g67943 | [
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0.011209923774003983,
0.05875459685921669,
0... |
<p>What are different methods/approaches to find a function $T:x_1 \to x_2$
that minimizes a cost function defined as:</p>
<p>$\text{cost}(T) = | f(Q(x_1)) - f(P(x_2)) |
= | f(Q(x_1)) - f(P(T(x_1)) |$</p>
<p>where,
$x_1$ has $N$ dimensions, $x_2$ has $M$ dimensions, and $P$ and $Q$ are any function from $M$ and $N$ ... | g67944 | [
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0.02678627148270607,
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0.06792178750038147,
0.05... |
<p>I've started to learn machine learning using the book 'Machine Learning' by Tom Mitchell. The first chapter introduces the reader to machine learning and to the first problem: learning to play checkers. It starts by choosing a target function $V: Board \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$, which maps a particular board setting t... | g67945 | [
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0.0723947137594223,
0.06805791705846786,
0.02904... |
<p>My question goes on Extreme Value Theory for the Normal distribution (<a href="http://www.math.ethz.ch/~embrecht/RM/chap7.pdf" rel="nofollow">www.math.ethz.ch/~embrecht/RM/chap7.pdf</a>):</p>
<ol>
<li>Which type of GEV (Generalized Extreme Value) distribution does the Normal distribution belong to (Weibull/Gumbel/F... | g67946 | [
0.05552089959383011,
0.0015351255424320698,
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0.027969375252723694,
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0.04047505930066109,
-0.02903340943157673,
0.014498... |
<p>What are the methods that decision tree learning algorithms use to deal with missing values.</p>
<p>Do they simply full the slot in using a value called missing?</p>
<p>Thanks.</p> | g67947 | [
0.04790523648262024,
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0.021840980276465416,
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0.09319355338811874,
0.08111... |
<p>Similar threads:</p>
<p><a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/2306/feature-selection-for-final-model-when-performing-cross-validation-in-machine">Feature selection for "final" model when performing cross-validation in machine learning</a></p>
<p><a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questio... | g67948 | [
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0.013122420758008957,
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0.009223547764122486,
0.04317352548241615,
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0.019855905324220657,
-0.00005611741289612837,
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0.014073587022721767,
... |
<p><strong>The Problem</strong></p>
<p>I have been tasked with a similar problem to that described in <a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/66825/forecasting-hourly-time-series-with-daily-weekly-annual-periodicity">Forecasting hourly time series with daily, weekly & annual periodicity</a>. My data show... | g67949 | [
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0.009856197983026505,
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0.042670685797929764,
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0.033904168754816055,
... |
<p>So I have recently been debating two possibilities for determining the effectiveness of, let us say for simplicity, a single marking strategy for getting return customers.</p>
<p>Let us assume that we have years of historical data where a company has, at certain uncontrolled times and at uncontrolled store location... | g27735 | [
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0.06646964699029922,
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... |
<p>In a problem we are asked to "refine the fitted model by using an indicator for the outlier". What does it mean to use an indicator for an outlier?</p> | g67950 | [
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<p>Having used stack overflow for years without signing up I now truly need some help!</p>
<p>My data consists of samples collected from the same location in three different streams between 2012-2014. The data collected includes continuous phosphorus, nitrate and suspended sediment measures. Rainfall data from the are... | g27736 | [
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0.02716376632452011,
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<p>Does anyone know the solution to the error I get when I run glmulti with the aicc criteria:</p>
<p>Error in if (length(lesCrit) == confsetsize && minouN - minou >= -deltaM && : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed</p>
<p>It goes away when the confsetsize is low (~5).</p>
<p>Thanks!</p> | g67951 | [
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<p><strong>Two medical interventions A and B were compared within randomised controlled trial:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>differences in progression free survival (PFS, i.e. how long
patient lived with controlled disease, from entering study to progression) significant with p<0,001,</li>
<li>differences in overall... | g67952 | [
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... |
<p>I have a data set with several hundred variables and some thousand records. I'm reviewing the different ways for running a Principal Component Analysis and choosing the principal components.</p>
<p>First I used the function <code>prcomp()</code> to get the advantage of using SVD. The first component explains more t... | g27741 | [
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0.0251... |
<p>I'm interested in how 14 environmental parameters co-vary with other environmental parameters and whether they show the same patterns in 3 regions. So 1st, I made a pairwise correlation table of the 14 environmental variables for each region. Then, I made another pairwise correlation table of correlation values from... | g67953 | [
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0.028137261047959328,
0.01829325035214424,
0.0018750671297311783,
-0.030434243381023407,
0.006475125905126333,
0.030741911381483078,
-0.003359708236530423,
0.02268592268228531,
0.... |
<p>Using R I generated a Cox model looking like this</p>
<pre><code>> summary(cox5 <- coxph(surv_ob_2 ~ age + AMP + nation + GESL + year, data=sd)) # now gender makes sense
Call:
coxph(formula = surv_ob_2 ~ age + AMP + nation + GESL + year,
data = sd)
n= 35800, number of events= 31873
... | g27742 | [
-0.005286828149110079,
-0.006001639179885387,
-0.023118868470191956,
-0.07522422075271606,
0.020192228257656097,
0.05176938325166702,
0.04401474818587303,
-0.003089938312768936,
-0.02554280310869217,
0.024147842079401016,
-0.033584512770175934,
0.06041305512189865,
0.06623730063438416,
0.0... |
<p>I have a neural network that i want optimize number of hidden layers and neurons in every layer using an optimization algorithm like <code>Imperialist competitive algorithm</code>. As you know i should set limits of every variable for optimization. I can have maximum 2 layers. Besides this my system select best comp... | g67954 | [
0.04330689087510109,
0.0007990995072759688,
0.008401820436120033,
0.028813175857067108,
0.0243887510150671,
-0.04079865664243698,
0.034225091338157654,
0.017020558938384056,
-0.04578547552227974,
0.006469609681516886,
-0.019091393798589706,
0.07389133423566818,
0.0023380739148706198,
0.033... |
<p>I am trying to calculate the marginal effects of a multinomial logistic regression. To do this I use the <code>mlogit</code> package and the <code>effects()</code> function.</p>
<p>Here is how the procedure works (source : <code>effects()</code> function of <code>mlogit</code> package) :</p>
<pre><code>data("Fishi... | g27745 | [
0.009524568915367126,
-0.025367552414536476,
0.00003089741585426964,
-0.06755761802196503,
0.014444995671510696,
-0.05113369598984718,
-0.042964350432157516,
0.00032151833875104785,
-0.04886789992451668,
0.004893532022833824,
-0.049214355647563934,
0.006646344438195229,
0.027484949678182602,... |
<p>I have a large amount of data from three countries on work values. People are given 17 work value items (good pay, working with pleasant people, job security etc.) and asked the ones that they find important. The ones that they find important are coded with 1 and the ones that are not mentioned re coded with 0. </p>... | g27746 | [
0.004260411020368338,
0.022680973634123802,
-0.056092072278261185,
-0.026322711259126663,
0.02648572251200676,
-0.02048776112496853,
-0.0024818074889481068,
-0.0342554971575737,
-0.04746750742197037,
0.01633281260728836,
-0.008728842251002789,
0.01752828247845173,
0.04451018571853638,
0.01... |
<p>I asked the following <a href="http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/316597/intuition-for-fisher-information-metric">question</a> in MSE for which I couldn't get any answer yet. I thought this would be a better place for that question.</p>
<p>In statistical maniolds $S=\{p_\theta\}$,$\theta=(\theta_1,\dots,\theta... | g48495 | [
0.0136727811768651,
-0.014084254391491413,
-0.03213247284293175,
-0.05239604040980339,
0.017142051830887794,
-0.03275793418288231,
0.027764055877923965,
0.010430482216179371,
-0.04075637832283974,
0.04379555955529213,
-0.034662894904613495,
0.00831740815192461,
0.0764525905251503,
-0.02266... |
<p>Let's say I have an explanatory variable and a response variable that represents counts. I want to see if the explanatory variable can predicts counts. I'm aware the response variable is overdispersed. What I probably should do is analyse the data with a generalised linear model using the negative binomial distribut... | g67955 | [
0.05967209115624428,
-0.009843319654464722,
-0.004386700224131346,
-0.06636784970760345,
-0.004690387286245823,
0.028725944459438324,
0.004119420889765024,
-0.00513320742174983,
-0.027255427092313766,
-0.056745745241642,
-0.0037192441523075104,
-0.03310279920697212,
-0.001117438543587923,
... |
<p>I have two time series that I wish to compare their movements. The issue is that one time series is daily data since 1920 and the other is daily data since 2008. When plotting them separately over their time domains, I can see that they follow a very similar shape.</p>
<p>My aim is to transform one of the time seri... | g67956 | [
0.007584735285490751,
-0.03366914764046669,
-0.0014201505109667778,
-0.07291708141565323,
0.00858906377106905,
0.0026762536726891994,
0.03653094545006752,
-0.03635990992188454,
-0.03864062950015068,
-0.04519925266504288,
0.04835420474410057,
0.002712647197768092,
0.05288941040635109,
-0.00... |
<p>I am using ARIMA-GARCH/ARCH modeling on financial time series. There are few querries regaring the general concepts. Like What is meant by a conditional distribution?
Is it a distribution of stock returns (original data)
or
the distribution of the residuals which we get from ARIMA (conditional mean model)?</p> | g67957 | [
0.07089129835367203,
0.02876729518175125,
-0.02747114561498165,
-0.010166223160922527,
-0.014608548954129219,
0.0247727632522583,
0.0040744878351688385,
-0.016236068680882454,
-0.023385535925626755,
-0.04664069414138794,
0.022297071292996407,
0.043993741273880005,
0.09214723110198975,
-0.0... |
<p>I have the following data with factor 1 (A, B and C) and factor 2 (D and E):
$$
\begin{array}{ccc}
\hline
& D & E\\
\hline
A & 68 & 59\\
& 65 & 57\\
& 63 & 54\\
& 59 & 56\\
& 67 & \\
\hline
B & 59 & 51\\
& 50 & 45\\
& 51 & 46\\
& ... | g67958 | [
-0.010496791452169418,
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0.030440350994467735,
-0.0031676169019192457,
0.02821315824985504,
0.00886544119566679,
-0.030644860118627548,
-0.017428966239094734,
-0.0413515530526638,
0.016538210213184357,
0.02274981513619423,
-0.0... |
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