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Relation (Many-To-One) Editable
General
The relation editable provides the functionality to create a reference to an other element in Pimcore (document, asset, object). In frontend-mode this editable returns the path of the linked element.
Configuration
Name Type Description
types array Allowed types (document, asset, object), if empty all types are allowed
subtypes array Allowed subtypes grouped by type (folder, page, snippet, image, video, object, ...), if empty all subtypes are allowed (see example below)
classes array Allowed object class names, if empty all classes are allowed
reload boolean true triggers page reload on each change
width int Width of the field in pixel.
uploadPath string Target path for (inline) uploaded assets
class string A CSS class that is added to the surrounding container of this element in editmode
Methods
Name Return Description
getElement() Element Get the assigned element
getFullPath() string Get the full path of the assigned element.
isEmpty() boolean Whether the editable is empty or not
Examples
Basic usage
You can just create the code line like, below:
<?= $this->relation("myRelation"); ?>
{{ pimcore_relation("myRelation") }}
After, the view in the administration panel changes like in the picture:
Relation editable preview in the administration panel
Using Restriction
If you want specify elements which could be assigned to the relation editable, use types, subtypes and classes options in the editable configuration.
Example
<?= $this->relation("myRelation", [
"types" => ["asset","object"],
"subtypes" => [
"asset" => ["video","image"],
"object" => ["object"]
],
"classes" => ["person"],
]); ?>
{{ pimcore_relation("myRelation",{
"types": ["asset","object"],
"subtypes": {
"assets": ["video", "image"],
"object": ["object"],
},
"classes": ["person"]
}) }}
We restricted the myRelation editable to the following entities:
• Video / Image (Assets)
• Person Objects (\Pimcore\Model\DataObject\Person) (Objects)
As you see in the picture below, it's impossible to drop any other type to that editable.
Relation restriction
Download Example
Another useful use-case for the relation editable is a download link.
<?php if ($this->editmode): ?>
<?= $this->relation("myRelation"); ?>
<?php else: ?>
<?php if ($this->relation("myRelation")->getElement() instanceof Asset): ?>
<a href="<?= $this->relation("myRelation")->getFullPath() ?>"><?= $this->translate("Download") ?></a>
<?php endif; ?>
<?php endif; ?>
{% if editmode %}
{{ pimcore_relation("myRelation") }}
{% else %}
{% if pimcore_relation("myRelation").getElement() is instanceof('\\Pimcore\\Model\\Asset') %}
<a href="{{ pimcore_relation("myRelation").getFullPath() }}">{{ "Download" | trans }}</a>
{% endif %}
{% endif %} | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Iga Świątek
Iga Natalia Świątek (born 31 May 2001) is a Polish professional tennis player. She is currently ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), having held the position for a total of NaN weeks. Świątek, the only player representing Poland to win a major singles title, has won the French Open four times and the US Open once. Świątek has won 22 singles titles, including the 2023 WTA Finals and ten WTA 1000 titles.
As a junior, Świątek was the 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside Caty McNally and the 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. Świątek began playing regularly on the WTA Tour in 2019, and entered the top 50 at 18 years old after her first Tour final and a fourth-round appearance at the 2019 French Open. During her French Open title run in 2020, Świątek lost no more than five games in any singles match. She entered the top ten of the WTA rankings for the first time in May 2021 after winning the Italian Open.
In 2022, Świątek won back-to-back WTA 1000 titles at Qatar and Indian Wells to reach No. 2, then became No. 1 on 4 April 2022, the first Polish player to do so. During this time, Świątek accumulated a 37-match winning streak, the longest on the WTA Tour in the 21st century. With major titles at the French and US Opens, she finished 2022 as the dominant No. 1. In 2023, she defended her French Open title and claimed the WTA Finals to finish as year-end No. 1 again. She has claimed the French Open title at four of her six appearances at the tournament, having never lost a match before the fourth round.
Świątek has an all-court playing style. She won the WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year in 2019 with a drop shot from the baseline, and was voted WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of the Year in 2020. In 2023, she was named the L'Équipe Champion of Champions and Polish Sports Personality of the Year and included on Time's annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world.
Early life and background
Iga Świątek was born on 31 May 2001 in Warsaw to Dorota and Tomasz Świątek. Her father is a former rower who competed in the men's quadruple sculls event at the 1988 Seoul Olympics while her mother is an orthodontist. She has a sister, Agata, who is about three years older and is a dentist.
Their father wanted his daughters to become competitive athletes and preferred they take up an individual sport rather than a team sport to have better control of their chances of success. Agata started out as a swimmer but switched to tennis. Agata briefly competed on the ITF Junior Circuit in 2013 at about 15 years old, but stopped playing due to injury troubles. Iga followed her sister into tennis because she wanted to beat her and also because she wanted to be more like her. Iga trained at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later moving to Legia Warsaw.
Junior career
Świątek reached a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She began competing in ITF Junior Circuit events in 2015 and won back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles in April and May at age 13. Before the end of the year, she moved up to Grade 2 events and finished runner-up in both singles and doubles at the Czech Junior Open. Świątek made her junior Grand Slam tournament debut in 2016 at the French Open, reaching the quarterfinals in both singles and doubles. She followed this up with her best junior title to date at the Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating Olga Danilović in the final.
Świątek had a strong first half of 2017. She won both the singles and doubles titles at the Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she lost her opening round match at the Australian Open, she partnered with compatriot Maja Chwalińska to make her first final in a major tournament, finishing runner-up in doubles to the North American team of Bianca Andreescu and Carson Branstine. She then reached her first Grade A singles final at the Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to Elena Rybakina. Her season came to an end after another quarterfinal at the French Open, after which she had right ankle surgery that kept her out for seven months.
Despite only competing in two Grand Slam tournaments in 2018 and three singles events in total, Świątek finished her junior career with her best season. She returned to the junior tour at the French Open after a one-year absence and reached the semi-finals in singles, losing to Caty McNally. She fared better in doubles, partnering with McNally to win her first junior major title. They defeated the Japanese team of Yuki Naito and Naho Sato in the final.
Świątek played only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player due to her absence, she was drawn against top seed Whitney Osuigwe in the first round. After winning that match in three sets, she did not drop another set during the rest of the tournament and won the championship for her only junior major singles title. She defeated Leonie Küng in the final. Świątek then teamed up with the Slovenian Kaja Juvan to compete in the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. They reached the final and defeated the Japanese team of Yuki Naito and Naho Sato. She then finished her junior career.
2016–2018: Undefeated in seven ITF Circuit finals
Świątek began competing on the ITF Women's Circuit in 2016 and played on the circuit through the end of 2018. She won all seven ITF singles finals she reached, ranging from the first four at the $10k to $15k level to one at the $25k level followed up by two at the $60k level. Her first three titles came at 15 years old. The fourth was in February 2018 in her first tournament back from a seven-month layoff due to injury. After a $25k title in April, Świątek moved up to higher-level ITF events later that month. Following her junior Wimbledon title in July, she skipped the junior US Open to stay in Europe. During the two weeks of the US Open, she won back-to-back $60k titles at the NEK Ladies Open in Hungary and the Montreux Ladies Open in Switzerland. During the second event, she defeated top seed and world No. 120, Mariana Duque-Mariño. These were Świątek's last two ITF tournaments of the year. With these two titles, she entered the top 200 for the first time at the age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 in those two weeks.
2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 debut
Despite never playing on the WTA Tour before 2019, Świątek was able to compete in only tour-level events throughout the year. After failing to qualify at the Auckland Open, she qualified for her first major main draw at the Australian Open. She then defeated No. 82 Ana Bogdan, in three sets, in her debut match to reach the second round. At her next three tournaments, she also qualified at the Hungarian Ladies Open, but not at either of the Premier Mandatory events in March.
Świątek made her first WTA breakthrough at the Ladies Open Lugano in April. With her first direct acceptance into a main draw, she made her first WTA final. During the event, she upset No. 3 seed Viktória Kužmová in the second round for her first top 50 victory. She ultimately finished runner-up to Polona Hercog in three sets. Moreover, a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against Kristýna Plíšková in the semi-final was voted the 2019 WTA Shot of the Year. With the runner-up, she also made her debut in the top 100 while still 17 years old. Świątek closed out her clay court season with a fourth round appearance at the French Open in her second major. She upset No. 16 Wang Qiang in the second round for her first top 20 victory before losing to defending champion Simona Halep.
Świątek could not repeat her French Open success at the remaining major tournaments of the year, losing her opening match at Wimbledon and in the second round at the US Open. Her best result in the second half of the season was a third round appearance at the Canadian Open. During the event, she upset No. 18, Caroline Wozniacki, before losing to No. 2, Naomi Osaka. With this result, she entered the top 50 for the first time a week later. She missed the rest of the season after the US Open to undergo foot surgery and finished the year at No. 61 in the world.
2020: First French Open title, top 20 debut
Świątek made her return to the WTA Tour at the Australian Open. She matched her best result at a major with another fourth-round appearance, this time highlighted by a victory over No. 20, Donna Vekić. She defeated Vekić again at the Qatar Open, her last match win before the WTA Tour was shut down for six months due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Świątek continued her major tournament success once the tour resumed. She reached the third round at the US Open, losing to eventual runner-up Victoria Azarenka.
Entering the rescheduled French Open in September, Świątek was ranked No. 54 in the world. Nonetheless, she won the singles event for her maiden WTA title. During the tournament, she defeated 2019 runner-up and world No. 19, Markéta Vondroušová, in the opening round. Her biggest upset was a victory in the fourth round over top seed and world No. 2, Simona Halep, who was on a 17-match win streak and was also the heavy favourite to win the title. She only lost three games against Halep after winning just one game against her in the same round of the French Open the previous year. Świątek defeated world No. 6, Sofia Kenin, in the final to become the first Polish player to win a major singles title and the lowest-ranked French Open champion in the history of the WTA rankings. She also became the youngest singles champion at the tournament since Rafael Nadal in 2005 and the youngest women's singles winner since Monica Seles in 1992. She won the title without dropping a set or more than five games to any opponent, and the 28 games she lost in total were tied for the second-fewest among French Open singles champions in the Open Era behind only the 20 games Steffi Graf lost in 1988. With the title, Świątek rose to No. 17 in the world. She also played the doubles event, partnering with Nicole Melichar for the first time. The pair reached the semi-finals, and also did not drop a set until their last match.
2021: WTA 1000 title, top 10 debut
At the Australian Open, Świątek was seeded 15th and recorded wins over Arantxa Rus, Camila Giorgi and Fiona Ferro. She reached the fourth round where she lost to Simona Halep, in three sets. At Adelaide, she won her first WTA Tour title without dropping a set in the whole tournament. She defeated Belinda Bencic in the final, in straight sets. As a result, she entered the top 15 for the first time in her career, in March 2021.
Seeded 15th, Świątek won her first career WTA 1000-title at the Italian Open, defeating former champion Karolína Plíšková in just 46 minutes without the loss of a single game. She advanced to the final after defeating two-time champion and world No. 5, Elina Svitolina, and the second best-ranked teenager Coco Gauff on the same day, as well as saving match points in her third-round match against Barbora Krejčíková. Świątek became the third player to win a title after saving match point en route in 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at the Australian Open and Ashleigh Barty in Miami. She also became the fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event. This successful run to her third career title moved her into the top 10 in the singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.
At the French Open, Świątek was seeded at No. 8. She opened her title defense winning against Kaja Juvan in the first round, and then defeated Rebecca Peterson, Anett Kontaveit and Marta Kostyuk. She won 22 straight sets at the French Open but then lost in the quarterfinals to Maria Sakkari. In doubles, seeded 14th with Bethanie Mattek-Sands as a pair, playing just their third event together, they reached the final where they were defeated by Barbora Krejčíková and Kateřina Siniaková in straight sets. As a result, Świątek reached the top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 in doubles for the first time in her career.
She started her grass-court season at the Eastbourne International where she was seeded at No. 4. After defeating Heather Watson, she lost to Daria Kasatkina in the second round. As the seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeated Hsieh Su-wei, Vera Zvonareva, and Irina-Camelia Begu, all in straight sets. In the fourth round, she lost to Ons Jabeur, in three sets. With her win over Anett Kontaveit in the third round of the US Open, she became the only player to have reached the second week of all four major championships in the 2021 season. She qualified for the WTA Finals for the first time in her career.
2022: World No. 1, two major titles, 37-match winning streak
Świątek started her season by reaching the semi-finals at the Adelaide International. She then reached another semi-finals at the Australian Open. Following a second-round match loss against Jeļena Ostapenko, Świątek won the next six tournaments she entered — Qatar Ladies Open, Indian Wells Open, Miami Open, Stuttgart Open, Italian Open and, for her second major title, French Open — before losing to Alizé Cornet at Wimbledon in the third round. Świątek reached the world No. 1 singles ranking, and became the fourth as well as the youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete the Sunshine Double in the process. She also accumulated a 37-match win streak, the longest in the 21st century. Świątek had a lacklustre performance throughout the summer. She lost to Caroline Garcia in the quarterfinals in Warsaw, Beatriz Haddad Maia in the third round in Toronto and Madison Keys in the third round in Cincinnati. However, she returned on form at the US Open, winning her third major by defeating Ons Jabeur in the final. She became the first woman to win both the French Open and US Open in the same season since Serena Williams in 2013.
Świątek reached the final at the Ostrava Open, but she lost to Barbora Krejčíková in a three-set match that lasted 3 hours and 16 minutes, the longest match of her career so far. She subsequently played at the San Diego Open, winning her eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, in three sets. At the 2022 WTA Finals held in Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek won the group stage without dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia and Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she was upset by Aryna Sabalenka in the semi-finals in three sets. Nevertheless, she finished the season as year-end No. 1 and posted a record win-loss 67–9 in 2022, the most wins in a single season since Serena Williams in 2013. She also became the first player since Serena Williams in 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points in a single season. She accumulated the second highest ranking points total in WTA history, second only to Serena Williams in 2013.
2023: French Open and WTA finals champion, year-end No. 1
Świątek's 2023 campaign was statistically less dominant than her 2022 season, but she still managed to win six titles in the year. She started 2023 as only the fourth woman in WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 or more consecutive weeks in their first stint as the top-ranked player. In her first tournament of the year representing Poland at the United Cup, she partnered with her compatriots including Hubert Hurkacz and reached the semi-finals. At the Australian Open, she lost in the fourth round in straight sets against Elena Rybakina, who would upset Świątek two more times later in the year, respectively in the semi-finals at the Indian Wells Open and in the quarterfinals at the Italian Open.
She did not win any tournament until the Qatar Ladies Open, where she did not drop a set throughout the tournament and only lost five games. The clay season saw her successfully defend her Stuttgart Open title, as well as winning her fourth major at the French Open by defeating Karolína Muchová in the final. After improvement on the grass court with a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon, which ended her 14-match win streak, she won her home tournament at the Poland Open.
At the US Open, Świątek lost in the fourth round against Jelena Ostapenko, which ended her reign at world No. 1. Her 75-week reign at No. 1 is the third-longest streak in the Open Era among players in their first stint as the top player, behind only Steffi Graf and Martina Hingis. Nevertheless, she went on to win the China Open. At the WTA Finals, she won the title without dropping a set, becoming the first player to do so since Serena Williams in 2012. She also dropped just 20 games throughout the entire tournament, the fewest since the reintroduction of the round-robin format in 2003 and beat Serena Williams's record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to Jessica Pegula, Świątek also broke the record for fewest games lost in a final, previously held by Martina Navratilova in 1983 and Kim Clijsters in 2003 (two each). Winning the title saw her reclaiming the top ranking and clinching year-end No. 1 for the second season in a row.
2024: French Open and four WTA 1000 titles
Świątek entered the United Cup in an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reached the final winning all of her singles matches and received the MVP award of the event. In the third round of the Australian Open, she was upset by Linda Nosková in three sets and as a result of this loss her 18 match winning streak came to an end which started in September 2023. Despite this earlier loss she kept her world No. 1 ranking.
In February, Świątek entered the Qatar Open as a two-time defending champion. She reached the final after having defeated Sorana Cîrstea, 14th seed Ekaterina Alexandrova and Viktoria Azarenka. In the final, she faced Elena Rybakina winning in straight sets and claiming her seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek did not drop a set en route to the title for the second consecutive year. She also became the first person to win three consecutive titles in Doha and the first player to win three consecutive titles at the same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams in 2015. At the next WTA 1000 tournament in Dubai, she reached back-to-back quarterfinals defeating 15th seed Elina Svitolina in the round of 16. She was the fourth player since the WTA-1000 format's introduction in 2009 the make the quarterfinals in 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, Maria Sharapova and Agnieszka Radwanska. She then advanced to the semifinals where she lost to Anna Kalinskaya in straight sets.
In March, Świątek won the BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells for the second time, defeating Maria Sakkari in the final. This was her second title of the season and 19th overall. In Miami, she recorded her 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi in one hour, in straight sets.
In April, Świątek entered the Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion and reached the semifinal where she lost to Elena Rybakina in three sets, which ended her 10-match winning streak in the tournament. In the same month, she entered her 100th week as the reigning world No. 1 surpassing Lindsay Davenport and moving to the ninth place in the all-time table. At the Madrid Open, she reached the final where she faced the defending champion and 2nd seed Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek played the longest match against Sabalenka in her career thus far, which lasted over three hours. Świątek saved three championship points in the third set and won her 20th career title. The match has been praised as a classic and the best of their rivalry, with Świątek stating that it was "the most intense and crazy final" she has played.
In May, at the next WTA 1000, the Italian Open, she reached a second consecutive final with a win over world No. 3 Coco Gauff in straight sets. In the final, she beat again Aryna Sabalenka, this time in straight sets, becoming the most successful Polish tennis player in terms of the number of titles won surpassing Agnieszka Radwańska with 21. It was also her tenth WTA 1000 title and fourth on clay, and the third in Rome. She became the third female player after Serena Williams and Dinara Safina who completed the Madrid-Rome sweep, and the first player, female or male, to achieve it since 2013 when both Williams and Rafael Nadal won Madrid and Rome.
Świątek won the 2024 French Open, which was her third French Open title in a row and fourth overall. Świątek only lost one set during the tournament, which was to Naomi Osaka in the second round, where Osaka held match point in the third set. After defeating Osaka, Świątek lost only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzkova in the third round, Anastasia Potapova in the fourth round, Marketa Vondrousova in the quarterfinal, Coco Gauff in the semi-final, and Jasmine Paolini in the final. Świątek became the third player in history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after Monica Seles and Justine Henin had done so, and the second woman to win Madrid, Rome, and the French Open in the same season, after Serena Williams in 2013.
Świątek's overall match win record during the 2024 spring clay court swing was 21–1, losing only to Elena Rybakina in Stuttgart in April. Since her loss there, Świątek has been on a 19-match winning streak.
Having not played since her French Open triumph, Świątek lost in round three at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending her 21-match winning streak.
Junior competitions
Świątek represented Poland at the ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice in 2014 and 2015. She won all of her matches in 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. The following year, she helped Poland go undefeated in the round robin stage to reach the semi-finals. Świątek moved up to the 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup in 2016, where she played alongside Maja Chwalińska and Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland won the title, defeating the United States 2–1 in the final. Świątek won both of her rubbers in the final tie, defeating Amanda Anisimova in singles before partnering with Chwalińska to defeat Caty McNally and Claire Liu in the decisive doubles rubber. The last event of Świątek's junior career was the 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she lost in the quarterfinals in singles to Clara Burel, she partnered with Slovenian Kaja Juvan to win the gold medal in doubles. In the final they defeated Naito and Sato, who were also Świątek's opponents in the French Open doubles final earlier in the year.
Billie Jean King Cup
Świątek made her senior Billie Jean King Cup debut in 2018 when Poland was in Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of this group, Poland needed to win their round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of the other round robin group winners, and then another play-off tie as part of the separate World Group II Play-off round. They did not win their round-robin group in 2018 or 2019. Świątek won her only singles match in 2018. While she only won one of her three singles matches in 2019, she won both of her doubles rubbers while partnering with Alicja Rosolska. The following year, the format was changed so that Poland only needed to finish in the top two out of three teams in their round-robin group to reach the promotional play-off. Nonetheless, they won their group and defeated Sweden 2–0 in the play-off to advance to the separate Play-off round. Świątek won all three of her singles matches in the 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round, before skipping the Play-offs themselves. The following edition in 2022 had Poland facing Romania in the qualifying round, with Świątek winning her two games to help the team move on to the Finals. However, she did not attend the finals because the decisive round started very soon after the 2022 WTA Finals. The rib injury Świątek encountered shortly after exiting the 2023 Indian Wells Open also caused her to miss Poland's 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan in Astana. Overall, Świątek has a 9–3 record at the Fed Cup, comprising 7–2 in singles and 2–1 in doubles. In 2024, Świątek participated in a match against Switzerland winning two matches in singles and contributing to Poland's 4–0 win, which secured the country's place in November's Finals in Seville for a third consecutive year.
Aryna Sabalenka
Iga Świątek and Aryna Sabalenka have met 13 times since 2021, 11 competitive matches and 2 exhibition matches, with Świątek in control of the head-to-head at 9-4 (8-3 in official competitions) Their rivalry is seen as having a potential to be counted among those that shape the history of tennis. Their most lauded match is the 2024 Madrid Open final in which Świątek defeated defending champion Sabalenka in three sets after 3 hours and 11 minutes, also saving three championship points in the process.
Playing style
Świątek has an aggressive, all-court style of play and incorporates a lot of variety into her game. Because her game style is focused on offence, she typically generates high amounts of both winners and unforced errors. She has described her style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, and backhand down the line". Despite her aggressive style of play, she plays with margin, and constructs points carefully until she creates an opportunity to hit a winner, and in all seven of her matches played at the 2020 French Open, she hit more winners than unforced errors. In total at the French Open that year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. The basis of Świątek's game was described by tennis journalist Christopher Clarey for The New York Times as: her sliding ability, allowing her to defend from the corners à la Kim Clijsters and Novak Djokovic, a "sprinter's speed" when moving forward to the net, power and topspin akin to her idol Rafael Nadal, and mental strength forged through sports psychology.
Her forehand and backhand are fast and powerful, with her forehand being hit with significant topspin due to her employing an extreme western grip; on her run to the title at the French Open in 2020, Świątek's average forehand speed was 73 mph, only 4 km/h below that of the average male forehand speed. She even hit some forehands up to 79 mph, the fastest of any female player in the draw and exceeded only by Jannik Sinner on the men's side. Her forehand topspin reached 3,453 rpm at the French Open, comparable with her idol Rafael Nadal. Świątek's backhand speed peaked at 76 mph at the French Open, the fastest of any female player in the draw, and equal to Dominic Thiem's backhand speed, the fastest of any male player at the French Open. Considering her dominance on clay, Świątek is often called the "Queen of Clay".
Świątek aims to come to the net, and has good volleying skills due to her doubles experience. Świątek possesses an accurate first serve, peaking at 123 mph, and averaging at 108 mph, allowing her to serve aces, dictate play from the first stroke, and win a majority of first-serve points. She possesses an effective kick serve, and an effective slice serve, which are deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. In earlier years of her career, she regularly used the drop shot, and won the 2019 WTA Shot of the Year with a cross-court drop shot from the baseline that landed on the sideline well inside the service box. Since the beginning of her collaboration with Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplified her game and currently very rarely employs this shot. Świątek aims to gain the advantage in a point by hitting the ball early on the rise. Further strengths include her exceptional speed, movement, and court coverage, detailed and intricate footwork, and intelligent point construction. Her favourite surface is clay, having grown up playing on that surface, although she has had success on all surfaces. Her clay court success is enhanced by her ability to slide on the surface; as her career has progressed, she has also developed the ability to slide on hard and grass courts, too.
Świątek finished runner-up to Simona Halep in the voting for the WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of the Year award in 2019. In 2020, she was voted the WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of the Year.
Bagels
Świątek's tendency to bagel or breadstick her opponents has led to the term "Iga's Bakery" entering tennis parlance.
Over Świątek's WTA career up until May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of her matches have included either a 6–0 set or a 6–1. During the 2023 season she won a bagel set in 29 percent of her matches compared with an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches in which she wasn't playing. Her closest bagel rivals are Coco Gauff and Jessica Pegula, both of whom scored eight in 2023.
As of June 2024, she has dispensed the rarer double bagel eight times in her WTA career, though only two have come during a major tournament (which were against Xinyu Wang in the 2023 French Open and against Anastasia Potapova in the 2024 French Open).
Coaching team
Świątek's primary coach in her early junior years was Michał Kaznowski, who she worked with up to the 2016 French Open. Jolanta Rusin-Krzepota was her physical preparation trainer for almost four years through the end of the 2019 US Open. Świątek was coached by Piotr Sierzputowski beginning in 2016. While Sierzputowski was her coach, British former professional tennis player and former Polish Davis Cup coach Nick Brown also served as a main consultant on occasion. Świątek also works with sports psychologist Daria Abramowicz and fitness trainer/physiologist Maciej Ryszczuk.
In December 2021, Świątek announced that she was splitting from Sierzputowski after nearly six years working together. She wrote, "This change is really challenging for me, and this decision wasn't easy, either". Świątek had hired Sierzputowski when she was 15 and still playing in junior tournaments. Her current coach is Tomasz Wiktorowski, who previously coached Agnieszka Radwańska.
Endorsements
Świątek is now sponsored by the Roger Federer-backed Swiss company On for clothing and shoes, as of 20 March 2023, and became the first female tennis player to be sponsored by On. She had been sponsored by Asics for clothing and shoes since the start of 2020. She was previously sponsored by Nike. Świątek was also previously endorsed by the Red Bull energy drink company, the Chinese tech giant Xiaomi and the Lexus division of the Toyota automaker company, the latter of which have also sponsored fellow Polish tennis player Agnieszka Radwańska. From February 2021 till January 2024 her main partner was Poland's biggest insurance company PZU. In 2021, Świątek signed an endorsement deal with Tecnifibre for racquets; she previously used a Prince Textreme 100 Tour racquet, although she was not under contract with the company. To celebrate the victory at the 2022 French Open with a Tecnifibre racquet and to recognise the female athlete, the company changed its marketing name to Swiateknifibre and its trademark to the colours white and red for seven days. It was the first women's major title for this manufacturer. Świątek's father also confirmed that she had also signed a contract with Rolex in 2021. After winning her third major title at the 2022 US Open, Świątek parted ways with her long-term manager, and began to be represented by IMG with agent Max Eisenbud. In 2023, Świątek announced that she has become a global ambassador for the Polish sports drink Oshee. She will also release collaboration line with the brand, including her own drink flavour and bottle design. On 26 June 2023, Swiatek has announced her partnership with Porsche. In August 2023, Swiatek has been announced as a global ambassador of VISA. On 25 August 2023, Infosys has announced Swiatek as their global brand ambassador alongside Rafael Nadal. In April 2024, Świątek became the brand ambassador of Lancôme.
Charity work and philanthropy
Since 2021 Świątek has been involved with The Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity. She has put up her winning racket from the final of her first French Open, the racket ended up getting sold with the price of 131,300 zł, which outpriced the signed Champions League winning kit of Robert Lewandowski, money helped to fund new equipment for pediatric ENT, otolaryngology and head diagnostics. In 2022, while playing at the Australian Open, she put up another racket, this time from final of Italian Open, but this time the offer also included training with the buyer. Besides the racket Świątek also put her signed Tokyo Olympics 2020 kit, her signature cap and multiple tennis balls with autographs up for auction. The offer was yet again met with a lot of interest and in the end was sold for 189,100 zł, which was the second best seller. The money would help to fund equipment for pediatric ophthalmology. In 2023, Świątek put up her winning racket with which she won both US Open and French Open in 2022. Besides the racket, she also included a double invitation to her first-round match in Roland Garros 2023 and an opportunity to meet her in person behind the scenes after the match. The pass would also allow the winners of the auction to watch all matches on the said day for free. All proceeds would go to funding medication for sepsis. Świątek's offer was auctioned for 300,300 zł, making it the most expensive auction.
Świątek and her team have also been taking part in the Noble Gift project since 2020. It helps to provide families, which have found themselves in difficult financial circumstances for reasons beyond their control during the Christmas period.
Świątek also took part in auction for SOS Children's Villages- Poland, putting up her autographed cap from Miami Open. In one of interviews the teacher from Świątek's elementary school in Raszyn revealed that after winning her second French Open title, she pledged to help upgrade the school's sports facilities, among which was a single tennis court. She also donated the shirt she wore in the final, tennis balls and her cap to the school, all signed for auction to raise money for one of the students who needed urgent and expensive medical treatment.
In November 2021, Świątek was announced in line-up for Africa Cares Tennis Challenge tennis exhibition in Johannesburg, which was aimed to not only promote tennis in South Africa but was to be used as a vehicle in the fight against Gender-Based Violence through campaigns and activations leading up to the main event. Other players in the line-up included Simona Halep, Venus Williams, Sloane Stephens and Martina Hingis. On 30 November it was announced event was cancelled due to concerns regarding growing amount of cases of Covid-19 infections.
Advocating for mental health awareness
On 10 October 2021, Świątek donated $50,000 of her prize money in support of World Mental Health Day, after progressing to the last 16 of the Indian Wells Open. "I would say in sports, for me, it was always important to use that kind of help because I always thought that in my mental toughness there is some strength that I can use on court and I can also develop in that manner," she said. After winning in at the French Open in 2020, Świątek revealed that using her sports psychologist, Daria Abramowicz, had helped her get over the line. "It's just good to stay open-minded. If you need that kind of help, then go for it. If you're up to it and if you're open-minded, I think it helps a lot," Świątek added.
In her runner-up speech after losing the final to Barbora Krejčíková on the Ostrava Open on 9 October 2022, Świątek announced she will donate all of her prize money (€58,032) won in the tournament to Polish non-profit organizations and foundations to celebrate World Mental Health Day. "This is the most difficult moment of this tournament for me. I do not know what to say. Thank you so much. Whether I win or not, I am fulfilling my dreams, and you with me. I wish I won cause I would be able to donate more but I would like to announce that I will donate my prize money to non-profit organisations in Poland on Monday, which is World Mental Health Day. I hope this money can help a lot of people and make some change".
On 12 October 2023, Świątek announced that she would donate 300,000 PLN ($70,000) to UNICEF Poland to "help in the field of mental health in Poland and all over the world", as part of celebration of World Mental Health Day. Along with the major announcement, she shared her thoughts and motivated other people as well. "I would like to encourage you to have a look around and see if there's someone there who could use your help. You can make a donation of your choice to organizations like UNICEF that professionally help people (if you're able to)."
Support of Ukraine
Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Świątek has often worn ribbons or other accessories in Ukrainian colors, and on several occasions has publicly declared her support for Ukraine in her winner speeches.
On 23 July 2022, Świątek hosted a charity tennis event in Kraków, Poland to raise funds for children and teenagers impacted by the war in Ukraine. The one-day event featured a mixed doubles exhibition match and a set of singles between Świątek and Agnieszka Radwańska. Ukraine football great Andriy Shevchenko was a special guest. Elina Svitolina of Ukraine served as umpire for the event. Świątek stated, "I hope that we can see each other in large numbers in TAURON Arena Krakow and in front of the television to show the strength of sport when it unites us in helping and gives us at least a little joy." Świątek later announced on Twitter that the event has raised over 2,5 mln złoty (over €500,000), which would be spread between United 24, Elina Svitolina Foundation and UNICEF Poland.
On 10 August, Świątek has been announced as the part of line up for "Tennis Plays for Peace" exhibition, which took place on 24 August with other numerous current and former tennis stars like Rafael Nadal, Carlos Alcaraz, Coco Gauff, John McEnroe, Stefanos Tsitsipas, Matteo Berrettini, Maria Sakkari and many others, 100% of the proceeds going to GlobalGiving, the international non-profit identified by Tennis Plays for Peace.
On 9 January 2023, Świątek took to Twitter and Instagram to announce that her 'Iga & Friends' and '1ga' T-shirts will be available for sale at Allegro Charity, where she and UNICEF Poland have once again joined forces to raise funds for children in war-torn Ukraine. On 11 January, Świątek once again announced on her social media platforms that she will be auctioning off her US Open winning gear and French Open shoes, among others all proceeds would also be going straight to UNICEF.
Personal life
Świątek is a cat lover and owns a black female cat named Grappa. She enjoys reading novels and listening to music. Before her matches, she listens to rock music, especially Pearl Jam, Pink Floyd, Red Hot Chili Peppers, and AC/DC. In her spare time, she listens to alternative music, jazz, soul and pop. She is also a fan of Taylor Swift. In an interview with Tennis Channel, she described Mikaela Shiffrin as a good role model and said she "really respects" her. She also mentioned being a fan of actress Sandra Bullock and her films.
In addition to being a successful athlete, Świątek was always known as an excellent and diligent student in primary and high school. Despite her tour schedules, she always studied during the tournaments before coming back to school in person to pass the tests. Prior to her success at the 2020 French Open, Świątek completed her high school requirements, with excellent results in her final examination, better known as Egzamin Maturalny, with 83% for Polish at basic level, 100% for English at basic level, 96% for advanced English and 100% for mathematics. She has also admitted that she would like to go to university and study something related to mathematics at some point.
Świątek is a known book lover on the WTA Tour, and brings books to each tournament. For example, she read Murder on the Orient Express at the 2022 French Open and Gone with the Wind at the 2021 US Open. She says that books help her concentrate on tournaments and help her to avoid using her phone "for longer than needed."
Records
* only played three matches.
Awards
* 2019
* WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year
* 2020
* WTA Most Improved Player
* WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player
* Gold Cross of Merit
* European Sportswoman of the Year – Evgen Bergant Trophy
* 2022
* Chris Evert WTA World No. 1 Trophy
* WTA Player of the Year
* ITF World Champion
* WTA Fan Favourite Shot of the Year
* European Sportsperson of the Year
* Polish Sports Personality of the Year
* 2023
* L'Équipe Champion of Champions
* WTA Player of the Year
* Polish Sports Personality of the Year | WIKI |
Why Alaska Air Stock Is Losing Altitude Today
What happened
Alaska Air Group (NYSE: ALK) had a great quarter, but management's expectations for revenue growth from here fell short of what analysts had hoped for. Investors were disappointed, sending Alaska shares down about 12%.
So what
It has been a good year for airlines, with post-pandemic demand continuing to fill planes through the busy summer months. But historically this has been a cyclical industry, and investors are keeping a watchful eye on future demand to gauge whether rising inflation will cut into demand from here.
Alaska, like many of its peers that have already reported second-quarter results, beat expectations in the April-to-June period. Alaska reported adjusted earnings of $3 per share on revenue of $2.84 billion, topping the consensus estimate of $2.70 per share on $2.77 billion in sales.
"People are hungry to travel and our frontline employees are delivering the safe, reliable and caring experience that people expect when they fly with us," CEO Ben Minicucci said in a statement. "I'm so proud of our team for knocking it out of the park and delivering industry-leading operational and financial outcomes."
But Alaska said that although it expects its capacity to be up 10% to 13% year over year in the current quarter, it only expects total revenue to be flat to up 3% over the $2.8 billion reported in the same three months of 2022.
The issue is lower airfares. Despite rising inflation, airfares were down 19% year over year in June due to lower fuel costs. That's allowing lower-cost competitors to be more flexible on price, which is eating into what others can charge.
Now what
Yes, the revenue guidance was not as hoped, but it is hardly reason to press the panic button. Alaska Air could try to pack more passengers into the system to juice revenue, but as Minicucci notes the airline has instead chosen to "prioritize reliability," which he says is part of the "foundation for our long-term profitable growth."
Alaska has historically been one of the better investments in the notoriously difficult airline industry in part because of the company's conservative approach and focus on its customers. Tuesday is a tough day for long-term holders, but Alaska remains well positioned to outperform its peers over the long term.
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The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Petko
Petko is a South Slavic (Петко) masculine given name and East Slavic (Петько) surname. It may refer to:
Given name
* Petko Petkov (disambiguation)
* Petko Slaveykov (1827–1895), 19th-century Bulgarian poet, publicist, public figure and folklorist
* Petko Staynov (1896–1977), Bulgarian composer and pianist
* Petko Voyvoda (1844–1900), 19th-century Bulgarian revolutionary
* Petko Yankov (born 1977), retired Bulgarian sprinter
* Petko Karavelov (1843–1903), leading Bulgarian liberal politician
* Petko Ilić (1886–1912), Serbian Chetnik
Surname
* Svetlana Petko (born 1970), professional Russian football goalkeeper
* Serhiy Petko (born 1994), professional Ukrainian football midfielder
* Miroslav Petko (born 1995), professional Slovak footballer
Geography
* Petko Slaveykov (village), a village in the municipality of Sevlievo, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria
* Kapitan Petko voyvoda, a village in the municipality of Topolovgrad, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria
* Petko Voyvoda Peak, in the Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island, Antarctica | WIKI |
Chanell Stone
Chanell Stone is an American photographer. She is Black and known for her "Natura Negra" series. Stone lives and works in Oakland, California.
Early life and education
She received an associate degree in English from Los Angeles Trade-Technical College in 2017. Stone received a BFA degree in photography from California College of the Arts in 2019.
Work
Chanell Stone's work predominantly features black and white self-portraits. She first took an analog photography class in high school and continues to use film in her practice, primarily shooting with a Pentax.
Stone was a featured photographer in W Magazine's "These Are the 8 Young Photographers to Follow in 2020". She was also a shortlisted finalist for the 2020 San Francisco Artadia Award. She attributes her interest in representation and self-portraiture to growing up with social media, namely Myspace. Portrait photography continues to be her primary focus.
Her series "Natura Negra" explores the connection of black bodies and nature, specifically the nature that can be found in dense cities or what she refers to as "urban nature". This series sets out to reclaim and reconnect black bodies to nature, even if it is in an urban setting. Stone says, "As Black people, it feels like these rural spaces aren't for us. I want to turn that idea on its head." Stone also aims to dispel the problematic idea that Black people’s only connection to nature is through slavery. "Natura Negra" won her an emerging artist award from the Museum of the African Diaspora in San Francisco.
Stone has also worked as an editorial photographer for the California Sunday Magazine, documenting a family affected by the Camp Fire in Paradise, California in 2018.
For Black History Month in February 2021, Apple, Inc. commissioned 30 photographers to contribute to the Shot on iPhone campaign, "Hometown". Stone contributed pictures of Oakland, California that were featured on Apple's Instagram account as well as billboards around the San Francisco Bay Area.
Awards and fellowships
Among the honors which Stone has earned are:
* 2020 Artist in Residence, Real Time and Space
* 2019–2020 Emerging Artist Award, Museum of the African Diaspora San Francisco
* 2018–2019 Purchase Prize Award, Center for Photography at Woodstock
* 2018–2019 Kate V. and Harry W. Davies Memorial Scholarship, California College of the Arts
* 2017–2019 Diversity Scholarship, California College of the Arts
* 2017–2019 Faculty Honors Scholarship, California College of the Arts
Exhibitions
* Kala Art Institute, Berkeley, California, "Poetics of Conflict" (2018)
* Center for Photography at Woodstock, Woodstock, NY, "Photography Now" (2018)
* Ortega y Gasset Projects, Brooklyn, NY, "Vice Versa" (2018)
* Aperture Foundation, New York, NY, "Aperture Summer Open: Delirious Cities” (2019)
* SF Camerawork, San Francisco, CA, "Forecast" (2019)
* Hit Gallery, San Francisco, CA, "Brass Tacks" (2019)
* Berkeley Art Center, Berkeley, CA "Experiments in the Field: Creative Collaboration in the Age of Ecological Concern” (2020)
* Museum of the African Diaspora, San Francisco, CA, "Natura Negra" (2020)
* Apple, Inc., Shot on iPhone, "Hometown" (2021)
Collections
Stone's work is held in the following permanent collections:
* Center for Photography at Woodstock, Woodstock, New York
* Meyer Library: Artist Book Collection, Oakland, California | WIKI |
Merits Of Night Nursing San Diego
Feeding is the right of a child, and that is why most women are told not to limit their children. All newborn children rely on milk for them to be in existence. The process is gradual and can be tiresome when one feeds the toddler at late hours. The task requires one to be passionate, and one will be amazed at what nighttime feeding will have to offer. Below are merits of night nursing San Diego.
Research shows that babies consume more milk at night as opposed to any other time of the day. Their intake levels increases together with the milk supply. This way a parent can feed the baby more seeing that they are relaxed and their appetite levels are high. As a result nighttime becomes crucial in making certain there is development in the body of a child as well as their health.
Nighttime breastfeeding helps a baby develop and learn when to sleep. In most cases, a newborn cannot distinguish day and nighttime as there is no innate circadian rhythm they were born with. Additionally, the hormone known as melatonin which is responsible for inducing and regulating sleep cycles is not produced on their bodies. However, the nighttime breast milk contains the hormone in plenty that will be passed on to the baby generating circadian rhythms meaning longer sleeps.
There is a hormone known as prolactin which is responsible for increasing the supply of milk in the body of a woman when in high quantities. This does not happen all the time but mostly during the night. With constant breastfeeding lactating mothers end up getting surplus milk for the duration that the baby is an infant until they are grown as it maintains healthiness at all times.
Another benefit is that nighttime milk contains more healthy hormones all at once. During this time the amino acid tryptophan is higher in percentage. It regulates sleep to babies, improves their brain development as well as keep the baby in high spirits. This ensures the functioning of their brain is boosted which makes them have the ability to start understanding and adapting to changes at a tender age.
Most newborns are attacked by sudden infant death syndrome that causes them to lose their lives. This normally happens when they are asleep, and a crisis attacks them. Therefore, new parents need to know how to prevent it at an early stage. Luckily nursing at late hours prevents this since a mother can be able to monitor their child while breastfeeding. It ensures they hear what their movements are and if a crisis is taking place they can easily take action on it without getting unnoticed
In most cases, kids tend to be active at night if compared to daytime. If a mother nurses their baby properly at this time, they both get to enjoy adequate sleep since some of them are awake due to hunger. As a result, they end up having more sleep bearing in mind that the hormones released will cause their sleep to increase from time to time.
The last benefit of night nursing is that the immune system of an infant, as well as growth, is boosted. This is when the intake is in high quantities which mean the right nutrients are flowing to their bodies.
You can find an overview of the benefits you get when you use professional in-home night nursing San Diego services at http://www.lovinghandsdoulaservices.com/services today. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Oxycodone Addiction and Pain Relief: Oxycodone – The Addictive Painkiller
Oxycodone Addiction and Pain Relief: Oxycodone – The Addictive Painkiller
5 (100%) 1 vote[s]
Chronic pain is treated with a variety of opiates, but a growing number of patients are prescribed oxycodone for chronic pain and subsequently falling into oxycodone addiction. The drug has been proclaimed as one of the best ways to treat chronic pain, but along with the good, oxycodone can trap patients in psychological and physical addiction. Oxycodone addiction is not unlike any other addiction to opiates, but being one of the most potent pain killers, it comes with the highest rate of accidental overdose leading to numerous deaths since its introduction to the market.
For What Type of Pain is Oxycodone Used?
Oxycodone is given to patients who have received chronic or long term painful side effects from extensive trauma or disease. It is categorized as a Schedule II legal narcotic, meaning it requires a prescription from a doctor. The medication is normally prescribed to older patients with moderate to severe pain. Because of its high rate of addiction, oxycodone is not normally prescribed to younger people. Oxycodone addiction is commonly attributed to chronic pain patients who need daily relief and no other option is available.
Side Effects of Oxycodone
Oxycodone is a central nervous system depressant, so many of the side effects involve breathing capabilities. Some of the common side effects that are associated with even small amounts of oxycodone are nausea, vomiting, constipation, mild itching, drowsiness, shallow breathing, dry mouth, dizziness, loss of appetite, or muscle weakness.
The most common of these side effects is constipation and shallow breathing. Constipation can be controlled with regular intake of fiber, water, and regular exercise. Shallow breathing leading to pulmonary failure is a common side effect attributed to oxycodone death. For this reason, oxycodone should never be mixed with other central nervous system depressants like benzodiazepines such as Xanax or Valium.
Alcohol and Oxycodone
One of the most common causes of death from oxycodone addiction is the mixture with alcohol. Oxycodone addiction leaves the patient with a tolerance where they believe the drug is out of their system. Subsequently, patients who drink alcohol don’t realize that alcohol is also a central nervous system depressant and it synergizes with oxycodone causing a loss of breathing that can be dangerous and even fatal. Oxycodone should never be taken with any type of depressant including alcohol.
Signs of Oxycodone Addiction
Even if taken as prescribed, oxycodone addiction creeps up on many patients. Some signs of addiction are insomnia, muscle and bone pain, sweats, chronic vomiting and nausea, stomach cramping, and muscle twitching.
If you feel your loved one is trapped by oxycodone addiction, it is imperative that he or she seek treatment. Addicts go through several withdrawal symptoms, so medical care and observation are usually needed to ensure safe cessation from the drug. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The House On The Cliff.pdf/121
"But what could have happened to dad?"
"That's what we're going to find out. What do you say to asking Tony if his father will lend us his motorboat and let us investigate the foot of that cliff?"
"What do you expect to find?"
"We'll find out if there's any place where motorboats could be hidden. And if we get any information we can turn it over to the government officials and have the Polucca place raided. Then we'll get some satisfaction out of it, anyway, and perhaps find out what happened to dad." | WIKI |
20 JUN 2012 by ideonexus
The Evolutionary Unit of Measurement
The starting point of Darwin's theory of evolution is precisely the existence of those differences between individual members of a race or species which morphologists for the most part rightly neglect. The first condition necessary, in order that any process of Natural Selection may begin among a race, or species, is the existence of differences among its members; and the first step in an enquiry into the possible effect of a selective process upon any character of a race must be an estimate ...
Folksonomies: species measurement average
Folksonomies: species measurement average
1 notes
Is the species, not individuals within the species.
09 JAN 2011 by ideonexus
Campbell's Rule of Design Through Evolution
We should think of it like this - evolutionary theory describes how design is created by the competition between replicators. Genes are one example of a replicator and memes another. The general theory of evolution must apply to both of them, but the specific details of how each replicator works may be quite different. This relationship was clearly seen by the the American psychologist Donald Campbell (1960, 1965) long before the idea of memes was invented. He argued that organic evolution, ...
1 notes
Natural selection doesn't just apply to biological designs, but exists on molecular and memetic levels as well. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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Hydrofoils are Back! Let's Weigh the Pros and Cons
By: Captain Bill Jennings
Ride high. Ride fast. Ride smooth.
Could there be a hydrofoil boat in your future? With recent technical developments, foil boats offer new possibilities. As you may already know, hydrofoil boats are like regular boats, but have those strange wingy things dangling down below their bottom, that magically lift the boat completely above the water when going fast. Here are the details.
The first prototypes of hydrofoil boats date back to WWl, when even Alexander Graham Bell worked on their development. While several prototype models proved that the foil lift concept works, there were no specific needs for such a design of boat so development stalled. That is until research began again after WWll. Canada built a number of coastal patrol hydrofoils that had the speed to protect its extensive shorelines. In the 1970's, the U.S. Navy built six foil boats that were used for drug interdiction operations until scrapped in 1993. A more recent experiment in 2008, applying foils to a 24' Bayliner, re-ignited the interest in foils. With today's advanced computer control systems and specialized composites, successful hydrofoils are beginning to look more likely to become a popular choice. Numerous companies are now offering tempting designs in hydrofoil boats.
To seriously consider whether your next boat should be a hydrofoil, lets review how they operate and list their pros and cons. When we look at a standard powerboat today, we see that it floats on the surface of the water. When pushed, the shape of the hull causes it to ride up and skim along on the water surface, or 'plane,' with varying degrees of efficiency. Unfortunately, the wetted surface of a regular boat creates considerable drag when running, which in turn reduces efficiency. This drag is the main problem that foil boats can eliminate.
A hydrofoil boat supports a "wing" like structure under the hull. As boat speed increases that small wing creates lift. That lift reduces wetted surface and drag. As speed further increases, the boat lifts entirely free of the water surface. Only the foil, or wing, remains in the water. This is exactly the same as an aircraft lifting off a runway as the speed of laminar flow over its wing increases.
There are two types of hydrofoils: fully submerged and surface piercing.
Fully submerged foils are just that, and they are relatively unaffected by conditions on the surface. They do, however, require an automatic control system to maintain flying height and smoothness of ride, because without computer feedback hydrofoil boats are unstable in pitch. This 'autopilot' computer system controls how the foils move to cause the boat to take off, fly smoothly, and land safely. Height sensors in the computer, such as a gyro, or an inclinometer control foil movement for lift and stability. This computer adjusts the foil angle up or down within a five degree movement each way. Surface piercing foils operate in much the same way, but their lift is provided by 'V' shaped foils that run partly above the water surface. We see these used mostly on commercial vessels.
The power to push these two types of foils comes from three types of power. Propellers, water jets, or wind. I won't discuss the latter here, as the system is highly technical and primarily used on America's Cup racing sailboats. Water jets and propellers, as we see everywhere today, are well understood and readily available to match different foil horsepower applications.
The reason we are seeing a renewed interest in hydrofoils is because they can now safely offer several advantages to some pleasure boat applications.
Here are some hydrofoil "pros":
1. In most cases, foils will get you on a plane faster and allow you to stay on a plane at lower speeds. 2. From the many tests that I have read, and some that I have conducted, foils substantially improve fuel mileage. 3. Hydrofoils will decrease the motion index. Less porpoising means improved passenger ride and comfort. 4. Foil boats are not as affected by rough water as regular hull pleasure craft, and the larger the foil, the better the ride. 5. Whether foils can improve your boat speed seems to depend on a number of factors, but according to tests foils still present drag so a properly trimmed regular boat will probably run a similar speed to foils. Most test references to speed with foils refer to more passengers moved per fuel unit.
This list of foil advantages would be very convincing, if it were not for some of their disadvantages. Here are some hydrofoil "cons":
1. Driving a hydrofoil boat requires more skill than a standard runabout.
2. A strong power source is required, meaning more expensive engines.
3. If the foils are fixed your boat draft is greatly increased. If the foils retract or fold they take up space in the boat, or make the boat wider.
4. For lakes with shallow water, hydrofoils are not practical at all.
5. Bottom strikes while riding on foils can be catastrophic.
6 Hydrofoil pleasure boats under 40 feet are not considered ocean capable vessels. As wave height increases, hydrofoils must 'land' and cruise on their standard hull.
7. Should the foil lift out of the water over a wave, expect a hard water landing. 8. Hydrofoil vessels operate best within a specific speed range. Therefore, your speed choice with foils is not as great as it is with a standard boat.
9. When foil boats are running on the hull, rather than their foils, they have a great deal of drag produced by the foils themselves --- unless they retract.
10. Maintenance costs are high. Many commercial hydrofoil boats have been taken out of service due to the higher cost of operations and maintenance.
11. Because of the requirements for higher strength and added equipment, foil boats cost more. Too much so for the average pleasure boater.
If a real or perceived need for hydrofoils becomes commonplace, we may see a resurgence of foil boats. The key is identifying a specific purpose and advantage for such a design. But the appeal of foils to general powerboaters is still limited. Mr. Fisherman worries about a 4-foot draft when in many waterways. Mr. Performance does not want to be restricted by foil operational parameters. Mr. Weekend Boater wants a simple boat to drive. Mr. Practical will find the computer automated features on a foil boat to be excessive. Mr. Economical will find the initial cost too expensive, compared to standard boats that can provide the same boating pleasures.
So just as it was in the early 1900's, there still seems to be a limited application for hydrofoil boats. When you factor in the considerably higher up-front cost of hydrofoils over a conventional runabout, even more interest evaporates. For example, a 28-foot foil runabout currently sells for around $400,000 U.S.
While I always like to offer fact based advice from first hand experience about specific subjects, this is not always possible. Product advancements may still be in the works, while other products may be encountering new problems. And of course, personal preferences and requirements are also major factors. For boaters wanting to know more about hydrofoils, check out some of the papers and tests reported by the 60 year old International Hydrofoil Society.
As we are seeing several hydrofoil pleasure boat manufacturers appearing on new boat menus, the best advice I can offer is this: if you think you might want a foil, take one for a test drive. Nothing beats a first hand experience to determine if a hydrofoil boat is what you always wanted. #culture #tips
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ChangeLog
[Packages/TYPO3.CMS.git] / typo3 / sysext / dbal / ext_tables.sql
1
2 #
3 # Table structure for table 'tx_dbal_debuglog'
4 #
5 CREATE TABLE tx_dbal_debuglog (
6 uid int(11) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
7 tstamp int(11) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
8 beuser_id int(11) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
9 script varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
10 exec_time int(11) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
11 table_join tinytext,
12 serdata blob,
13 query text NOT NULL,
14 errorFlag int(11) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
15
16 PRIMARY KEY (uid),
17 KEY tstamp (tstamp)
18 );
19
20 #
21 # Table structure for table 'tx_dbal_debuglog_where'
22 #
23 CREATE TABLE tx_dbal_debuglog_where (
24 uid int(11) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
25 tstamp int(11) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
26 beuser_id int(11) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
27 script tinytext NOT NULL,
28 tablename tinytext NOT NULL,
29 whereclause text NOT NULL,
30
31 PRIMARY KEY (uid),
32 KEY tstamp (tstamp)
33 ); | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Draft:909 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 909 kHz:
Botswana
* Voice of America
Philippines
* DZEA in Laoag
* DYSP in Puerto Princesa
* DYLA in Cebu City
Spain
* Radio 5 in Mallorca
United Kingdom
* BBC Radio 5 Live | WIKI |
Talk:Cleveland Street scandal
Coordinate
Should this article have a coordinate for 19 Cleveland Street? If so then based on multimap, the following template would do the trick:. I'd argue that the article should contain a coordinate, since being able to click onto a map helps to locate the geographical locus of the scandal - it was here: 51.51889°N, -0.13722°W. Set against that is the risk that multimap's 2008 conception of the location of no.19 does not marry with 1889. --Tagishsimon (talk) 02:45, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
* No. Coordinates make terrorist attacks too easy. I vote that we stand up to those who hate freedom by not telling them where to kill us. Mwahcysl (talk) 18:27, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
Photo?
Is there a photo of the location? (Preferably contemporary; if not then a photo from today would cover.) Tempshill (talk) 03:24, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
Euston v Parkes Trial
I am confused by the description of the trial. The issue of a libel writ against Parkes would be a civil matter. This would result in damagaes against Parkes had he lost, but not imprisonment. Were there two cases, one a criminal case against Parkes, as well as the civil libel case? --Yendor1958 (talk) 08:32, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
* It was a criminal libel case. English law provided for both criminal and civil libel. DrKay (talk) 08:41, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
The House
I've added a paragraph to the Aftermath section on the house, including one report that suggests it still exists under another number - unlikely IMHO. I was able to check the house numbering on a map when Cleveland Street was called Norfolk Street (which was certainly different), but I couldn't find a Victorian era map with house numbers after it was named Cleveland. Another tricky issue is that in 1888, the year before the scandal, there was a wholesale renumbering of streets.Engleham (talk) 17:03, 25 June 2011 (UTC)
I just noticed that @DrKay had deleted the following paragraph written in 2011:
"19 Cleveland Street is presumed to have been demolished when the Middlesex Hospital was expanded in the 1920s. The hospital once occupied an entire block on the western side of the southern section of the street. The former Middlesex Hospital Annexe and Outpatient Department survives on the eastern side of the street. However one report (Ref: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/4811529/Inside-story-19-Cleveland-Street.html) has alleged that Cleveland Street was renumbered, with number 19 being removed from the Land Registry, but that the house survives, divided into three flats, under another number. The street was certainly renumbered (and was originally called Norfolk Street), but this suggestion seems unlikely."
I can understand why this information might been seen as extraneous to the Scandal. However, I don't believe it is. There has been an increasingly legacy of interest in the actual site, as indicated by it being referenced in The London Compendium, the newspaper article in the original entry, and other publications, plus its continual visitation as a place pilgrimage in gay historical walkabouts, etc. If you dip your toe into the endless Jack the Ripper forums, you'll also see people going on about it. Importantly, Victorian Studies scholars (e.g. http://graduable.com/2013/05/13/walking-in-london-iii-more-pornographic-addresses/) reference the site. The whole street has become of deep historical interest because of the fight to save the Workhouse a few doors down on the opposite side from No19, and the discovery that Dickens had lived in the street. So providing accurate cited information about No19, which corrects falsehoods, would be of value to many. Which is, let's face it, the end goal here. I've substantially rewritten the inclusion with more citations, and rather than putting it in Aftermath, will split it out into a separate section The House. It is as follows:
The site of the house has been the subject of continuing interest. In the Parliamentary Session of February 28, 1890, Henry Labouchere indignantly describes 19 Cleveland Street as "in no obscure thoroughfare, but nearly opposite the Middlesex Hospital". An Ordinance Survey of 1870 shows it to be located on the western side of the street. In an 1894 Ordinance Survey, the house and several adjacent properties had been replaced by an extension of the hospital. The hospital itself was demolished in 2008.
As Cleveland Street had been renumbered, it has been suggested that the house was located on the eastern side of the street and survives as No18.(Ref: Glinert, Ed The London Compendium, Penguin Books, 2003) It has been further suggested that the renumbering occurred after the scandal and No19 was deleted from the Land Survey to suppress its existence.
However, the official record shows these suggestions to be erroneous. That Cleveland Street was renumbered is certainly true: the southernmost end was originally Norfolk Street. (For example, the current number 22 Cleveland Street, was originally 10 Norfolk Street, and for a time was the home Charles Dickens.) However, as the Minutes of Proceedings of the Metropolitan Board of Works for 1867 record, the renumbering was ordered in that year, long before the scandal:"the odd numbers, commencing with 1 and ending with 175, being assigned to the houses on the Western side; that the even numbers, commencing with 2 and ending with 140, to those on the Eastern side; that such numbers do commence at the Southern end" (Ref: Minutes of Proceedings of the Metropolitan Board of Works, July-December 1867, p983, https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aShJAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA980&dq=%22cleveland+street%22+%2B+renumbered) A full-view sketch of the house was published in a newspaper report – one of two sketches which appeared at the time.
I think it would be helpful to insert a Victorian-era photo of the street (there's some online in regard to the Workhouse fight) or the sketch of the house such as this one: http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-JXlA84GW2XA/VHROi57n2GI/AAAAAAAA_Kw/UXOLOlcDfhs/s1600/1923.jpg However I'll leave it to others to decide. Engleham (talk) 12:28, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
* The section you inserted is problematic for a few reasons. First, this is a Featured article so the highest standards of prose and sourcing are required. Your proposed text is not well-written or well-sourced, and phrases like "it has been suggested" are vague and seem like WP:OR. You will need strong secondary sources that summarize the points you are trying to insert, and indicate that they are relevant to the subject. -- Laser brain (talk) 12:57, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
@Laser_brain (a) Use of the word "suggestions" three times I agree is twice too many! However, as these are claims, I'll need to refer to them with some other word that states them as such. Yes? (b) I forgot to add the citation after the words "suppress its existence." It is: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/4811529/Inside-story-19-Cleveland-Street.html (c) What other specific points do you wish cited? Engleham (talk) 15:19, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
* Since this is a Featured article, everything needs to be cited. We need to make sure we are not interpreting or making claims about things ourselves. We need to cite secondary sources that analyze and provide information about the claims. Does that make sense? -- Laser brain (talk) 16:20, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
@Laser_brain I shall revise "suggestions"; add a citation for the demolition of the hospital, Labby's parliament statement, add the previously mentioned missing citation, and find a link to the Ordinance Survey Maps. Okey dokey? Engleham (talk) 17:31, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
* Every statement needs a citation to a source that explicitly supports that entire statement. DrKay (talk) 17:40, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
@DrKay @Laser_brain Not every single one, surely. It's a matter of reasoned judgement - especially on non-controversial articles and points. Look at the existing Cleveland St article. More citations are needed, but does every statement currently made there demand a citation-needed tag be whacked on it? Oh well, good luck with that! After I've (hopefully) sorted this wee section I'm movin' on. Engleham (talk) 18:14, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
@Laser_brain @DrKay OK, here's the completely rewritten proposed entry with authoritative citations for every statement:
The site of the brothel at 19 Cleveland Street, Marylebone, and its historical context within the homosexual and other transgressive communities of London's Fitzrovia and neighbouring Soho and Bloomsbury, has become the subject of academic study and general interest. (Ref: Houlbrook, Paul Queer London: Perils and Pleasures in the Sexual Metropolis, 1918-1957 p4) (Ref: Hallam, Paul "The Book of Sodom, Verso, London, 1993, p13-96) (Ref: Delgado, Anne Scandals In Sodom: The Victorian City's Queer Streets in Studies in the Literary Imagination, Vol40, No1, 2007) In Parliament, Henry Labouchere indignantly described 19 Cleveland Street as "in no obscure thoroughfare, but nearly opposite the Middlesex Hospital".(Ref: Cook, Matt London and the Culture of Homosexuality, 1885-1914, Cambridge University Press, 2003, p56) The house, which was located on the western side of Cleveland Street, no longer survives: it was demolished in the 1890s for an extension of the Hospital.(Ref: Inwood, Stephen Historic London: An Explorer's Companion, Macmillan, 2008, p327)(Ref:Andrew Duncan's Favourite London Walks'', New Holland Publishers, 2006, p93) which itself was bulldozed in 2005. (Ref:Foot, Tom Glowing reviews! Fitzrovia chapel reopens to the public after £2million restoration, 25 September 2015, http://www.westendextra.com/news/2015/sep/glowing-reviews-fitzrovia-chapel-reopens-public-after-%C2%A32million-restoration) Two sketches of the house were published by The Illustrated Police News". (Ref: Hyde, H. Montgomery The Cleveland Street Scandal'', W.H.Allen, 1976, Plates btw pages 208-9)
It has occasionally been claimed that the house survives. This theory proposes that, following a renumbering of the street, No19 was deleted from the Land Survey to suppress its existence, and that the house is the current No18 on the eastern side of the street. (Ref: Gwyther, Matthew Inside Story: 19 Cleveland Street, Daily Telegraph, 21 October 2000, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/property/4811529/Inside-story-19-Cleveland-Street.html) (Ref:Glinert, Ed The London Compendium, Penguin Books, 2003) The official record shows such notions to be without foundation. That Cleveland Street was renumbered is certainly true: the southernmost end was originally Norfolk Street. (For example, the current number 22 Cleveland Street, was originally 10 Norfolk Street, and for a time was the home Charles Dickens.) (Ref: Plaque unveiled to identify Charles Dickens first London home, Fitzrovia News, 10 June 2013, http://news.fitzrovia.org.uk/2013/06/10/plaque-unveiled-to-identify-charles-dickens-first-london-home/) However, as the Minutes of Proceedings of the Metropolitan Board of Works for 1867 record, the renumbering of Cleveland Street was ordered in that year, long before the scandal:"the odd numbers, commencing with 1 and ending with 175, being assigned to the houses on the Western side; that the even numbers, commencing with 2 and ending with 140, to those on the Eastern side; that such numbers do commence at the Southern end." (Ref: Minutes of Proceedings of the Metropolitan Board of Works, July-December 1867, p983, https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aShJAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA980&dq=%22cleveland+street%22+%2B+renumbered) An Ordinance Survey of 1870 also shows No19 and its adjacent houses on the street's western side. (Ref: Ordinance Survey 1870: London (City of Westminster; St Marylebone; St Pancras), National Library of Scotland, http://maps.nls.uk/view/103313021#zoom=5&lat=8658&lon=10908&layers=BT) In an 1894 Ordinance Survey these properties have been subsumed by the new Middlesex Hospital wing. (Ref: Ordinance Survey 1894: London, Sheet VII, National Library of Scotland, http://maps.nls.uk/view/101201553#zoom=4&lat=5497&lon=10692&layers=BT)
That's it. While doing all the searching for the added citations, I came across a quote which I think would be good for the Aftermath section. Here it is:
The great-great nephew of Ernest Parke has written that: "For Ernest, I suspect, this was not about homosexuality but about the abuse of power — and it all feels strangely relevant today." (Ref: Parke, Simon My uncle Ernie, a society sex scandal... and a lesson in courage, Daily Mail, 6 November 2012, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2228474/My-uncle-Ernie-society-sex-scandal--lesson-courage.html)
Both proposals OK? Engleham (talk) 09:08, 29 January 2016 (UTC)
* There's no source for "The official record shows such notions to be without foundation." I recommend cutting it. DrKay (talk) 09:47, 29 January 2016 (UTC)
@DrKay I agree! After re-reading it I can see it doesn't require it. Ta. Engleham (talk) 11:53, 29 January 2016 (UTC)
New book
A new book 'The Sexual Constitution of Political Authority: The 'Trials' of Same-Sex Desire' offers some excellent fresh analysis of the case -- and also of the Dublin Castle scandals which John Saul was also mixed up in. Sections can be read on Google Books: https://books.google.com.au/books?id=L1GhCAAAQBAJ& Some of its points could maybe be incorporated to strengthen the article. Thoughts? Engleham (talk) 14:27, 13 February 2016 (UTC)
I think the article is a bit diffuse. It needs to explain briefly upfront why the scandal scored got so much press (you only have to look at newspaper archives to see it was a global story) and created such a fuss in the Establishment. And it wasn't solely because of the Albert Victor allegation. Some points that could be brought out stronger: (1) Labby (while he hated gays, jews, etc.), his key motive was surely to use the case to bring down Salisbury's govt (2) The cover up by the authorities and by the guilty e.g. non-prosecution of Saul; removal of the boys to overseas (c) Most importantly, the way the press, & Labby, Parke, framed the scandal to highlight hypocrisy and the corruption of the establishment and upper classes which was an increasing theme in the press at the time -- and not just the radical press. It was this combination of elements with the Albert Victor rumour that made it so big. The linkages are also worth pointing out: Arthur Newton acted for Somerset, other unnamed clients, and Euston - and later got into difficulties with Euston. Engleham (talk) 07:50, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
External links modified
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List of songs recorded by Tinchy Stryder
The following is a list of songs by Tinchy Stryder organized by alphabetical order. The songs on the, asparagus colored list, are all included in official label-released, albums, soundtracks and singles, but not white label or other non-label releases. Next to the song titles is the composer, writer, album, soundtrack or single on which it appears, and year of release. Remixes and live versions of songs are listed on the, ash grey colored list, below the original songs on the asparagus colored list, but clean, explicit, a cappella and instrumental tracks are not included. | WIKI |
Use PowerShell to Determine the number DML operations in SQL Server Scripts
By: | Updated: 2016-09-15 | Comments (2) | Related: More > PowerShell
Problem
We have INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE scripts that we run in production and we'd like to create summaries of these scripts, telling us what the script contains, so that we can look at a report summary to reduce the overhead of looking through each script to identify which script may have caused an issue if there is an issue related to new data, changed data or missing data. Is there a way to do this in PowerShell?
Solution
We can use one of my favorite libraries to do this easily - .NET's very fast StreamReader, for reading a SQL file. Likewise, since PowerShell uses .NET, this library includes many useful built in function for strings such as Substring, IndexOf, Replace, Contains, and ToLower, which we'll be using in this tip. Most do exactly what their name sounds like.
First, let's handle single line and multi-line comments:
Function Read-File {
Param(
[string]$file
)
Process
{
$readfile = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($file)
[int]$lineno
[int]$startskipping = 0
while (($line = $readfile.ReadLine()) -ne $null)
{
$lineno++
if ($line.IndexOf("--") -ne -1)
{
### Remove all characters after the symbols --
$line = $line.Replace($line.Substring($line.IndexOf("--"),($line.Length - $line.IndexOf("--"))),"")
}
elseif ($line.IndexOf("/*") -ne -1)
{
### Find the ending */ and skip all lines between them
$startskipping = 1
### What happens if a multi-line comment is really only one line?
if ($line.IndexOf("*/") -ne -1)
{
$startskipping = 0
}
$line = ""
}
elseif ($line.IndexOf("*/") -ne -1)
{
$line = ""
### We found the last line of the multi-line comment, stop skipping
$startskipping = 0
}
elseif ($startskipping -eq 1)
{
$line = ""
}
$line
}
$readfile.Close()
$readfile.Dispose()
}
}
Read-File -file "C:\files\script.sql"
Let's look at what we did here: on a single line comment, we want to skip the part of the line after the --. We don't want to skip before that if it's on a later part of the line. In a similar manner, we want to skip all the multi-line comments and some developers (yours truly) will do these on one line, which is why we have an extra handling of an opening multi-line commenting tag where we see if there's a closing multi-line commenting tag on the same line.
Let's look at an example using the below T-SQL script, running the script in ISE, and evaluating the output:
/*
---- Saved in a SQL File
Created by John Doe
August 10th, 2012
*/
-- First we create a temp table
SELECT *
INTO ##tblOurTempTable
FROM tblOurTable
-- Update status one records for report
UPDATE tblTableTwo
SET Notes = 'Outstanding'
WHERE Status = 1
-- Remove status 0
DELETE FROM tblTableThree
WHERE Status = 0
SELECT
* -- Result will be everything; below is filtered out just for an ID check
--, t.ID
FROM ##tblOurTempTable t
INNER JOIN tblTableTwo tt ON t.ID = tt.ID
AND tt.EINIDF = 1
INNER JOIN tblTableThree ttt ON t.ID = ttt.ID
AND ttt.Amount = t.Amount
-- Remove temp table
DROP TABLE ##tblOurTempTable
Review the output from the PowerShell script
We'll note that the multi-line comment is gone, as are the one-line comments and the comment after the *. Next, we're going to use counters for the statements we're looking for in the script:
Function Read-File {
Param(
[string]$file
)
Process
{
$readfile = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($file)
[int]$lineno
[int]$startskipping = 0
### Count commands:
[int]$inserts = 0
[int]$updates = 0
[int]$deletes = 0
[int]$truncates = 0
[int]$drops = 0
while (($line = $readfile.ReadLine()) -ne $null)
{
$lineno++
if ($line.IndexOf("--") -ne -1)
{
### Remove all characters after the symbols --
$line = $line.Replace($line.Substring($line.IndexOf("--"),($line.Length - $line.IndexOf("--"))),"")
}
elseif ($line.IndexOf("/*") -ne -1)
{
### Find the ending */ and skip all lines between them
$startskipping = 1
### What happens if a multi-line comment is really only one line?
if ($line.IndexOf("*/") -ne -1)
{
$startskipping = 0
}
$line = ""
}
elseif ($line.IndexOf("*/") -ne -1)
{
$line = ""
### We found the last line of the multi-line comment, stop skipping
$startskipping = 0
}
elseif ($startskipping -eq 1)
{
$line = ""
}
if ($line.ToLower().Trim().Contains("into") -eq $true) { $inserts++ }
if ($line.ToLower().Trim().Contains("update") -eq $true) { $updates++ }
if ($line.ToLower().Trim().Contains("delete") -eq $true) { $deletes++ }
if ($line.ToLower().Trim().Contains("truncate") -eq $true) { $truncates++ }
if ($line.ToLower().Trim().Contains("drop") -eq $true) { $drops++ }
$line
}
$result = "$file - Inserts: $inserts; Updates: $updates; Deletes: $deletes; Truncates: $truncates; Drops: $drops"
Write-Warning $result
$readfile.Close()
$readfile.Dispose()
}
}
Read-File -file "C:\files\script.sql"
In my case, I wrote out the warning of the changes, but I could change this to wrap in HTML and email, or save as a text file. As we see below, we have 1 insert, 1 update, 1 delete and 1 drop:
PowerShell output including the number of Inserts, Updates, Deletes, Truncates and Drops
Keep in mind that both of the below code snippets are valid ways to insert data:
INSERT INTO tblOurTable SELECT * FROM tblOurOtherTable
SELECT * INTO tblOurTable FROM tblOurOtherTable
In addition, depending on how developers code, they may put these on multiple lines or the same line. In the same way, some developers will actually write an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE on one line, while putting the table on the next line - which limits using spaces following the keywords. Be careful about doing this or assuming this. We also see that even if someone inserts multiple rows, or deletes multiple rows, this summary will tell us whether the script has these CRUD functions in them - with some production rollouts, we may only be looking for a script that has a failed update. Finally, if I wanted to filter out drops of temp tables, I could change the drop if statement line to (and output below the code):
if ($line.ToLower().Trim().Contains("drop") -eq $true) { if (!$line.ToLower().Trim().Contains("drop table #")) { $drops++ } }
PowerShell output including the number of Inserts, Updates, Deletes, Truncates and Drops
You must know your developers here and I prefer over-assuming that under-assuming because the latter may miss something, even if the former over reports on occasion.
Next Steps
• I highly suggest looking through DML scripts before using or updating the above code to fit your environment. Developers do many different things and we have to be careful what assumptions we make.
• The above script can be expanded if your DML scripts include other code than INSERTs, UPDATEs and DELETEs. For an example, you can search for ##Global temp tables by looking for double hashes.
• Check out these other PowerShell tips
Last Updated: 2016-09-15
get scripts
next tip button
About the author
MSSQLTips author Tim Smith Tim Smith works as a DBA and developer and also teaches Automating ETL on Udemy.
View all my tips
Related Resources
Comments For This Article
Friday, September 16, 2016 - 7:57:42 AM - Tim Back To Top (43345)
Jeff - you are exactly correct, which is why I cautioned users on the first point in Next Steps. We've all seen developers get creative; in addition, while this may be useful for one-time CRUD ops in production as summaries, I would not use this for other operations, like migrations or ETL. Excellent point and readers should definitely consider my caution on the first next step.
Thursday, September 15, 2016 - 1:25:45 PM - jeff_yao Back To Top (43334)
Hi Tim,
You are trying to create a t-sql script parser by using PS, but this is far from accurate, a few cases here, 1st, if you have nested comment with /* ... /* ..*/ ...*/, or you have some weird comments such as
--- this is comment /*
block comment */
You will have error too.
But the most important defficiency is to deal with the new t-sql MERGE statement which can contain INTO or INSERT / DELETE / UPDATE keywords.
Another issue is that when we have column name like [Update_Date] or [Insert_By] etc, your current approach will fail as well.
To be honest, I once tried to do the same thing (with PS and RegEx), but the error rate is too high to be useable (in my environment at least) due to all the issues I mentioned above, so what I end up is to use SQL Server's own parser utility microsoft.sqlserver.transactsql.scriptdom (with c#)
I just want to point these out so readers can be aware of the potential issues, but I have to say this script may be helpful to some not complex and more standardized environments.
Regards,
Jeff_Yao
download
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agree to terms | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Oscar Newman (architect)
Oscar Newman (30 September 1935 – 14 April 2004) was a Canadian-born American architect and researcher most known for his defensible space theory, a precursor to crime prevention through environmental design.
Theory
As defined in Newman's book Design Guidelines for Creating Defensible Space (1972), defensible space is "a residential environment whose physical characteristics—building layout and site plan—function to allow inhabitants themselves to become key agents in ensuring their security." The theory argues that an area is safer when people feel a sense of ownership and responsibility for that piece of a community. Newman asserts that "the criminal is isolated because his turf is removed" when each space in an area is owned and cared for by a responsible party. For example, for the projects "high rise = high crime", overall crime rate of high-rise neighborhoods in 1970s was double that of the low-rises with similar demographics, while crime within the inside public places (like corridors) seven times higher. According to the study, "In a high‐rise, doubleloaded corridor apartment tower, the only defensible space is the interior of the apartment itself; everything else is a no man's land, neither public nor private ... Unlike the well‐peopled and continually surveyed public streets, these interior areas are sparsely used and impossible to survey; they become a nether world of fear and crime."
Biography
Newman started his academic career as the assistant professor at the Nova Scotia Technical College in Halifax (1961–1963), followed by a brief period at the University of Montreal (1963–1964) and moved on to the Washington University in St. Louis, where he started his work on defensible space principles of architecture as an associate professor of architecture, leaving university for New York in 1968, four years prior to publication of his main work, "Design Guidelines for Creating Defensible Space". He was then an associate professor of architecture at the Columbia University in 1968-1970 and associate professor of city planning at the New York University (1970–73).
Newman had founded his own New York City-based company, Oscar Newman and Associates, for architecture and city planning, in 1968, and was a president of the Institute for Community Design Analysis since 1972.
Awards
* Man of Year, Law Enforcement News, 1995
* Achievement award, Environmental Design Research Conference, 1997
* Annual Award of Achievement, Environmental Design Research Association, 1998 | WIKI |
Married... with Children season 1
This is a list of episodes for the premiere season (1987) of the television series Married... with Children.
This season introduces the major characters: Al, Peg, Kelly and Bud Bundy, along with their neighbors, Steve and Marcy Rhoades. The first season is the only one in which Al and Peg are regularly intimate, to the point of Al initiating the sessions. It is also the only one where Peg can be seen doing housework under normal circumstances, and she even has her own car (as seen in "Sixteen Years and What Do You Get"). In "Thinergy," Bud mentions that Kelly had been held back a year in school. Al's dislike of the French is first shown in this season and it is also the first time that he calls Marcy a "chicken." It also contains the first mention of Peg's family being "hillbillies" from the fictional Wanker County, Wisconsin.
Original Pilot
In the show's pilot episode, Tina Caspary played the role of Kelly Bundy, while Hunter Carson played Bud. Before the series aired publicly – and at the behest of Ed O'Neill – the roles for the two Bundy children were re-cast. O'Neill felt a lack of chemistry with the original actors cast as the children. He requested a re-cast, which the producers approved. All of the scenes in the original pilot were re-shot with the replacement actors, Christina Applegate and David Faustino. | WIKI |
Anthony Tucker
Anthony Tucker may refer to:
* Anthony Tucker (basketball) (born 1969), American basketball player
* Anthony Tucker (American football) (born 1976), American football player and coach
* P. J. Tucker (Anthony Leon Tucker Jr.; born 1985), American basketball player
* The Beat Bully (Anthony Tucker; fl. 2000s), American record producer | WIKI |
Noble Edward ELLINGTON, Jr., Plaintiff-Second Appellant, v. Peggy Marie McDowell ELLINGTON, Defendant-First Appellant.
No. 36,943-CA.
Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.
March 18, 2003.
Ward, Nelson, L.L.C., by Joseph R. Ward, Jr., Lynn H. Frank, New Orleans, for Defendant/First Appellant.
Samuel T. Singer, Winnsboro, Stephanie B. LaBorde, Baton Rouge, for Plaintiff/Second Appellant.
Before BROWN, STEWART and DREW, JJ.
| .BROWN, C.J.
In this community property dispute, both parties have appealed, assigning as error, inter alia, the trial court’s valuation of a community corporation. For the reasons set forth below, we affirm.
Factual and Procedural Background
Peggy McDowell Ellington and Noble Ellington, Jr., were married in 1964 and divorced by judgment dated May 11, 1998. During most of their 85-year marriage, they worked together in the family business, Noble Ellington Cotton Company, Inc. (“NECC”). Noble primarily handled negotiating deals with suppliers and customers, while Peggy ran the office, kept the books and did the paperwork associated with the business. The parties’ sons, Ryan and Noble III, were hired by their parents, Ryan in 1992 and Noble III in 1995, and continue to work in the family business.
The business of NECC is buying and selling cotton. NECC buys from farmers, cotton gins and other producers and sells to textile mills and shippers. The gross profit of the company comes from the margin made from this activity. NECC made a profit every year from 1979 through 1998. By 1996, the Ellingtons had made more than two million dollars in the cotton business. With profits, the parties purchased office buildings, farms and apartment complexes.
The parties separated in 1996 and were divorced in May 1998. The instant action is an ancillary proceeding, brought by Peggy Ellington L.Traylor to partition the community property. Shortly before trial, a considerable part of the community was partitioned by agreement, which, by consent of the parties, was incorporated into a partial judgment of partition dated January 2, 2002.
The trial court was left with two primary issues to address: (1) the value of NECC, a community corporation; and (2) whether Noble caused or permitted the diversion of NECC assets, thereby reducing the corporation’s earnings and value to the prejudice of Peggy and, if so, the extent of this diversion.
Both parties had expert witnesses who prepared valuation reports and testified regarding their opinions as to the value of NECC. Peggy’s expert was Zoe Meeks, a C.P.A. with experience in agricultural business and familiarity with the cotton buying business. Ms. Meeks’ method of valuation was the capitalization of earnings method. According to Ms. Meeks, as of March 31, 2000, the fair market value of NECC was $668,000 and the community interest of each of the parties (and therefore the equalizing payment due to Peggy was $334,000). This valuation method | .¡includes a substantial intangible asset value which she referred to as goodwill. Noble’s expert was Carlton Clark, a certified valuation expert. Mr. Clark used a net asset method of valuing the business because he felt that an earnings or income approach, which included goodwill, was inappropriate. According to Mr. Clark, as of December 10, 2001, NECC’s liabilities exceeded assets by $54,968; therefore, the company had zero value.
The trial court did not accept totally the methodology of either Ms. Meeks or Mr. Clark, but instead calculated a value using some of the conclusions of each expert. Specifically, the trial court found that:
(a) The standard definitions of “fair market value” in normal accounting practice are not adaptable to the partition of a community-owned business in which one of the parties is allocated the entire business.
(b) The net asset approach used by Carlton Clark is inappropriate in this case.
(c) One of the methods employed by Zoe Meeks — the capitalization of earnings method — is appropriate in this case, but not if based upon a single year’s earnings.
(d) NECC has an intangible asset value which supports the use of the capitalization of earnings method.
(e) The determination of “normalized net income” for use in the calculation of the value of the business is appropriate if based upon several years earnings, in this case, 10 years, because the records for that period are available.
(f) Ms. Meeks’ calculation of adjustments in arriving at normalized net income is appropriate.
(g)Mr. Clark’s calculation of liabilities exceeding tangible assets by $55,000 is accepted.
|4In order to use the greatest number of years available to determine normalized earnings, it is necessary to use the 2001 figures from Mr. Clark’s report because they are not included in Ms. Meeks’ report. Mr. Clark’s Adjusted Income Statement Summary shows a loss of $142,870 for 2001. The court’s procedure thereafter (in each case rounding the amount to the nearest $100) is as follows:
(1) Add the normalized Pre-tax Income (Loss) for each of the years from Ms. Meeks’ Income Statement Adjustments. [$136,700 + $221,500 + $220,500 + $197,000 + $181,600 + $217,700 + $251,900 + -$347,700 + $234,200]
(2) Add the adjusted loss figure for 2001 from Mr. Clark’s report, as shown above, in order to arrive at a ten year total. [+ -$142,900]
(3) Add $18,000 (based upon $750 per month for the years 2000 and 2001) for expenses paid by NECC but attributable to Ellington-Weaver Cotton Company (“EWCC”) as shown on Noble Ellington’s amended detailed descriptive list. [ + $18,000]
(4) Divide the total by 10 to reach the average annual normalized pre-tax income. [$1,188,500 divided by 10 = $118,850]
(5) Deduct 34% as the estimated provision for income taxes [$118,850-$40,500 = $78,300]
(6) Divide the balance by 22.5% (Ms. Meeks’ discount rate in calculating today’s value of a benefit stream that will be realized over an extended period of time in the future). [$78,300 divided by 22.5% = $348,000]
(7) Deduct the $55,000 negative net worth calculation by Mr. Clark based on tangible assets. [$348,000-$55,000 = $293,000]
The result is a company value of $293,000 if the company is allocated to Noble Ellington, and, in that event, the value to Noble Ellington of Peggy Tray-lor’s one-half interest is therefore $146,500.
The second issue before the trial court was Peggy’s claim that Noble intentionally diverted community assets out of NECC, causing lost earnings |Kand a diminution in the value of the corporation. The court accepted Noble’s explanations for the losses incurred by NECC and rejected Peggy’s claim for reimbursement/damages. Both parties have appealed.
Discussion
Valuation of NECC
Former spouses continue to be co-owners of the former community property even after the termination of the community and until it has been finally partitioned. La.C.C. arts. 2369, 2369.1; Robinson v. Robinson, 99-3097 (La.01/17/01), 778 So.2d 1105. In allocating the community assets and liabilities, the court may divide a particular asset or liability equally or unequally or may allocate it in its entirety to one of the spouses. The court must consider the nature and source of the asset or liability, the economic condition of each spouse and any other circumstance the court deems relevant. La.R.S. 9:2801 A(4)(c); Robinson, supra.
The court is required to divide the community assets and liabilities so that each spouse receives property of an equal net value. La.R.S. 9:2801 A(4)(b); Robinson, supra. In order to avoid an unequal net distribution of assets and liabilities, the court may order the payment of an equalizing sum of money. La.R.S. 9:2801 A(4)(d); Robinson, supra.
La.R.S. 9:2801 A(4)(a) provides that the court shall value the assets at the time of .trial on the merits, determine the liabilities, and adjudicate the claims of the parties. Id. When the parties, however, do not submit evidence of the current value of community assets, the trial court does not err in making its valuations based upon the evidence presented by the |fiparties. See Barrow v. Barrow, 27,714 (La.App.2d Cir.02/28/96), 669 So.2d 622, units denied, 96-1057, 96-1072 (La.06/21/96), 675 So.2d 1080; Roberts v. Roberts, 542 So.2d 517 (La.App. 5th Cir.1989), unit denied, 547 So.2d 1317 (La.1989). As the Fifth Circuit observed in Roberts, supra the trial court is not required to value assets as of the date of trial when the parties do not submit current appraisals or valuations. See also Bridges v. Bridges, 96-1191 (La.App. 3d Cir.03/12/97), 692 So.2d 1186; Monje v. Monje, 94-622 (La.App. 5th Cir.12/28/94), 648 So.2d 1086.
The trial court has broad discretion in partitioning community property. As noted by the Third Circuit in Razzaghe-Ashrafi v. Razzaghe-Ashrafi, 558 So.2d 1368, 1371 (La.App. 3d Cir.1990):
The purpose of [La.R.S. 9:2801(4)(a) ] is to provide an occasion for the court to get a handle on the situation. It does not mean that the court is frozen by any statutory time level or particular valuation at any particular time or for any particular purpose, but simply to place values on the assets for the purpose of accounting, allocation and adjudication in accordance with the further provisions of La.R.S. 9:2801(4)(b, c, d and e).
In light of the discretion granted to the trial court by La.R.S. 9:2801, the court is not required to accept at face value a party’s valuation of assets, debts or claims against the community. Gay v. Gay, 31,974 (La.App.2d Cir.06/16/99), 741 So.2d 149; Kaplan v. Kaplan, 522 So.2d 1344 (La.App. 2d Cir.1988); Alford v. Alford, 94-1464 (La.App. 3d Cir.04/05/95), 653 So.2d 133. If the trial court’s valuations are reasonably supported by the record and do not constitute an abuse of discretion, its determinations should be af-. firmed. Alford, supra. As noted by the court in Starr v. Starr, 557 So.2d 1026 (La.App. 4th Cir.1990), the law provides no mathematical formula for determining the value of community assets.
If the community asset to be val„ued is an interest in a partnership or corporation, the court must be careful to value the interest, not just the assets of the business entity. Moody v. Moody, 622 So.2d 1381 (La.App. 1st Cir.1993), writ denied, 629 So.2d 1168 (La.1993); Borrello v. Borrello, 614 So.2d 91 (La.App. 4th Cir.1992); Mexic v. Mexic, 577 So.2d 1046 (La.App. 4th Cir.1991). The trial court’s determination of the value of a community business is a factual one which will not be disturbed absent manifest error. Monje, supra; Moody, supra. Furthermore, the trial court’s choice of one expert’s method of valuation over that of another will not be overturned unless it is manifestly erroneous. Freis v. Freis, 94-442 (La.App. 3d Cir.11/02/94), 649 So.2d 593, writs denied, 94-2939, 94-2942 (La.01/27/95), 649 So.2d 392; Guillaume v. Guillaume, 603 So.2d 235 (La.App. 4th Cir.1992); Stewart v. Stewart, 585 So.2d 1250 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1991), units denied, 590 So.2d 594, 597 (La.1992).
Both parties urge on appeal that the trial court erred in not accepting their respective expert’s opinion regarding the value of NECC. Peggy contends that the trial court, once it decided to use Ms. Meeks’ valuation method, was precluded from then using any of Mr. Clark’s calculations or conclusions. As noted above, this would result in a value of $668,000 for the corporation and an equalizing payment to Peggy of $334,000. On the other hand, Noble asserts that the trial court should have rejected Ms. Meeks’ opinion in its entirety because it was not based upon current data |sand contained considerable errors, relying instead upon Mr. Clark’s opinion that the community corporation was worthless and therefore no equalizing payment was due. Noble also argues that the trial court erred in first allocating NECC to him, then determining its value in his hands. He also takes issue with the trial court’s failure to allow him offsetting credits against the value of NECC.
The above statutory and jurisprudential authorities clearly provide that the trial court has great discretion in valuing community assets and liabilities. Furthermore, in making its valuation determinations, the trial court is not bound to accept one expert’s opinion to the exclusion of the opinion of other experts and witnesses. This court, in Head v. Head, 30,585 (La.App.2d Cir.05/22/98), 714 So.2d 231, 234, observed that:
To value corporate stock [at issue in the instant case], the court is required to assess and weigh the testimony of the two expert witnesses. Business valuations methods are not an exact science and are basically guides to determine a fair market value for buyers and sellers of a given business. Here, the evaluation is made for the purpose of resolving community property disputes. Given the dynamics of businesses and business practices, factoring in circumstances that may be unique to the parties, an inflexible formula for determining value is said to be impractical. Achee v. National Tea Company, 95-2556 (La.App. 1st Cir.12/20/96), 686 So.2d 121, 125.
Generally, the trier of fact is not bound by expert testimony, but is to hear and weigh expert testimony in the same manner as any other evidence. Reasonable and well-founded opinion should be considered. Watts v. Watts, 552 So.2d 738, 740 (La.App. 1st Cir.1989). The weight to be given expert testimony is dependent upon the professional qualifications and experience of the expert and especially on the facts on which the expert’s opinion is based. Goodwin v. Goodwin, 618 So.2d 579 (La.App. 2d Cir.1993).
The fact-trier is entitled to assess the credibility and accept the opinion of an expert just as with other witnesses, unless the stated ¡¿reasons of the expert are patently unsound. The effect and weight to be given the expert’s testimony depends upon the validity of the underlying facts relied upon by the expert, and rests within the broad discretion of the trial judge. Chance v. Chance, 29,-591 (La.App.2d Cir.05/07/97), 694 So.2d 613, 617.
As noted by the court in Head, supra, the trial court should not simply accept one expert’s opinion to the exclusion of all other expert evidence. Instead, in this complicated partition/valuation suit, we cannot say that the trial court erred in considering the opinions of both experts to assess and determine the value of the community corporation.
In his written reasons for judgment, the trial court gave detailed support for each of his factual findings regarding the value he assigned to the community corporation. We will examine each one of these determinations in light of the record in its entirety to address the various valuation issues raised by the parties. In this process, given that each of the trial court’s conclusions is based upon expert opinion, we will address each party’s assignment of error regarding the calculations, conclusions and methodology of the other spouse’s valuation expert.
Determination of “Fair Market Value” and Allocation of NECC to Noble Ellington
Noble complains that the trial court erred in first allocating the community corporation to him, then valuing the business. The following is excerpted from the trial court’s written reasons:
Both [parties’] expert witnesses acknowledged that their duty was to determine, or estimate, the fair market value of NECC. Meeks’ report on page one defines fair market value as “the value, expressed in cash or its equivalent, at which property would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller when the former is not under any compulsion to buy and the latter is not under any compulsion to sell, both parties having reasonable knowledge of relevant facts.” Clark Imrites the definition from Treasury Regulations Par. 25.2512-1 which is essentially the same.
It is immediately evident that a community partition is not the “willing buyer and willing seller” situation contemplated by the above definition in the situation where one spouse is to acquire the other spouse’s interest. In testimony, Meeks acknowledged that “when you do valuations you have to consider the purpose for which the valuation is to be used and normally in a divorce situation when you’re settling property its very rare to have a willing seller.” She also testified that as to the valuation done in this case “this is for property settlement purposes, you don’t have to have a willing buyer or a willing seller.” When you consider that explanation, it renders the recited definition of fair market value useless. Perhaps more accurate than “the purpose for which the valuation is used” would be the estimation of the different values when the business is acquired by different persons. On cross examination, Meeks readily admitted that her opinion as to value was based upon present management remaining the same ...
In response to questions by the court, she specifically admitted that her estimated value would be different if the company was acquired by anyone other than Noble Ellington. There was no predetermination that the business would be allocated to Noble Ellington and there was no basis for her to proceed on that assumption. Nevertheless, that is what she did. Although her valuation is limited to that one situation and would be of no value for any other allocation of the business, it will nevertheless be used to a limited extent because of the court’s decision that the company should be so allocated to Noble Ellington.
Following the lead in his expert’s testimony that NECC was worthless, Noble Ellington’s “solution” is for the court to allocate the business to Peggy Traylor “at zero” meaning she would acquire all of the assets, assume all liabilities and pay no equalizing payment. Such a solution would be unjust. In the first place, Peggy Traylor is clearly not capable of operating the business. Without demeaning the work she performed during her many years in the company, the testimony makes it very clear that her duties were essentially clerical. She neither bought nor sold cotton, nor did she make business decisions. Secondly, considering the family bitterness preceding the trial and which presumably still prevails, it is virtually certain that if she acquired the business, none of the present management would remain. It is almost too obvious to merit mention that Noble, Ryan, Noble III and Denise Ellington could, without any legal impediments, immediately open a new business with a very similar name and retain all of the customer base which has been developed through the years. Even if Peggy Traylor were capable of operating the business as |n claimed in Noble Ellington’s memorandum, or even if she could hire an experienced cotton buyer, she would almost certainly have no customers. Even Noble Ellington’s expert witness recognized that 92% of the customer base was attributable to Noble and Ryan Ellington and none was attributed to Peggy Traylor. Counsel for Ellington claim[s] that it would be unfair to allocate the company to Noble Ellington at a value disproportionate to the value of the same company if allocated to Peggy Traylor. That would be a valid statement if the property at issue was a house, or a car, or a piece of farmland. However, it loses its validity in partitioning NECC. The court is not aware of either statutory or jurisprudential law prohibiting courts from recognizing that a community business can have different values depending upon which spouse acquires it.
The business which has made both Noble Ellington and Peggy Traylor wealthy while at the same time enjoying a comfortable life style is, in this court’s opinion, capable of generating handsome incomes for the four members of the family who are presently operating the business. For the court to find that the company has no value in the hands of Noble Ellington based upon financial records showing a negative net worth based on tangible assets only, would be error and a clear abuse of the court’s discretion in partitioning the community.
We agree. As noted by the supreme court in Robinson, supra, in allocating community assets and liabilities pursuant to La.R.S. 9:2801, the trial court has the discretion to divide an asset such as a community owned corporation equally or unequally or to allocate it in its entirety to one of the spouses. In doing so, the court has to consider the nature and source of the asset, the economic condition of each spouse and any other circumstance the court thinks is relevant. (Emphasis added). In the instant case, the trial court determined that the value it placed on NECC was dependent upon which spouse would receive the business. The record, particularly the testimony of the parties and their sons, as well as their respective expert witnesses, supports this conclusion. This assignment of error is without merit.
[ xzUse of Capitalization of Earnings Method Based upon an Average of Ten Years’ Corporate Earnings
The trial court rejected the valuation method of Noble’s expert, Carlton Clark, because it did not include a value for goodwill and instead used the capitalization of earnings method espoused by Peggy’s expert, Zoe Meeks, into which an amount for goodwill was factored. In support of its choice of methodology, the court noted the following:
Noble Ellington is the heart of the business. That is one of the difficulties in attempting to use the ordinary meaning of goodwill in a community partition. Perhaps the answer is that NECC has an intangible value which should be recognized but simply does not fit the usual definition of goodwill. Clark, who testified on behalf of Noble Ellington, said that there was no goodwill but later said that the goodwill is personal and nontransferable without the efforts of Noble Ellington. Whether the designation is goodwill or simply intangible asset or some other term should not be important. What is important is what it does to the value of the business, irrespective of its designation.... In this court’s opinion, there is something which makes NECC a successful business. For lack of a better term, it appears to the court that the item being dealt with is the customer base which the company has built through the years beginning in 1979. There is no magic in the term “customer base” other than it may be free of the restrictive definitions of goodwill. In his testimony, Clark, while denying the existence of goodwill, used the term customer base, estimating that 55% of the customer base of the company is attributable to Noble Ellington and 37% is attributable to Ryan Ellington.
The court has reviewed the Louisiana case law relating to goodwill, particularly with reference to community businesses which were partitioned by the courts. It is essential to distinguish the cases which decided that goodwill could not even be considered because of the nature of the business from the cases in which the courts have determined that, although goodwill may be an issue, the evidence did not establish a separate value based on goodwill. As this court understands the case law, the only businesses which have thus far been excluded from the consideration of goodwill because of the nature of the services provided are medical, legal and engineering practices. Based upon the testimony of Clark and the argument in memorandum, apparently Noble Ellington contends that his cotton buying business should also be excluded from having a goodwill value on the same basis as physicians, attorneys and engineers.
11 Godwin v. Godwin [538 So.2d 1009 (La.App. 1st Cir.1988), unit denied, 537 So.2d 1165 (La.1989) ], had facts similar to the present case. The community owned a carpet, drapery and wallpaper installation business. The husband did most of the work himself but sometimes used contract labor. The wife sometimes assisted in the business by answering the telephone and maintaining the books. The business had very limited tangible assets but the wife claimed the business was worth $300,000 based on goodwill. As in this case, the husband claimed that the business had no value. He asserted that goodwill should not be used in determining value because of the nature of the service he rendered, citing cases in which the husbands had medical practices. The court [in Godwin ] distinguished the facts from the “one man ‘professional’ corporations” and referred to the business ... as a “commercial business.” The trial court accepted an expert’s valuation of $64,000 based upon the business’ goodwill and that valuation was affirmed on appeal. By way of comparison, there is no doubt that the husband was a “professional” carpet installer and wallpaper hanger but his relationship with his customers was clearly different from the relationship of a physician to a patient or an attorney to a client.
... [T]his court finds that NECC can and does have an intangible asset value and whether that intangible value is termed goodwill, customer base or something else is not important. What is important, and also much more difficult, is using that intangible value in determining the total value of the business.
Having reviewed extensively the jurisprudence regarding goodwill and the propriety of its inclusion in the value of a community corporation such as NECC, we agree with the trial court that valuation of the Ellingtons’ business should include consideration of an intangible value predominantly attributable to NECC’s customer base.
Therefore, we will continue our analysis into the trial court’s choice of valuation methodology. Clearly, having determined that goodwill would be a factor, the trial court could not accept the net asset valuation method espoused by Mr. Clark, which did not include a valué for goodwill. The trial court concluded as follows:
| uThe court finds that the income or earnings approach is the most reasonable in the present factual setting but not in the manner applied by Meeks. Although she had compiled the financial information of the company over a period of nine years, she chose to simply choose one year (2000) upon which to determine “Normalized Net Income.” That figure is $153,752 after provision for income taxes. That was the amount used as the “Benefit Stream” in the formula leading to a value of $682,342. She next did what she termed an “Excess Earnings Calculation” which resulted in a value of $653,509. By averaging the Normalized Net Income amount and the Excess Earnings Calculation, she arrived at a rounded value of $668,000. By comparison, Clark did an earnings calculation based upon the last six years of the company’s operation and arrived at an annual adjusted pre-tax earnings figure of $18,427. However, he decided against an earnings approach and concluded that a net asset value method was necessary, presumably because the earnings figure would include goodwill which he felt should be excluded. Accordingly, he did not calculate a value of the business based upon his earnings calculations. Although he chose not to use the income approach, Clark testified that if an income approach is used, a single year, which was used by Meeks, is not an accurate basis to determine the company’s value and that a number of years can better reflect the expected “benefits stream.” The court accepts Clark’s opinion on that issue and finds that Meeks’ choice of using earnings only in the most recent year to determine a “benefits stream” is not the most accurate method available.
Having reviewed the testimony and reports of the two experts, we agree with the trial court’s conclusion to use the income approach, but with an average from a number of years as opposed to a single year’s income. As noted by Noble, Ms. Meeks’ valuation did not include up-to-date figures which were available to her; the trial court’s reluctance to base a corporate value upon a single year’s income, that year not even reflecting the most recent activity, is understandable. Therefore, we will not disturb steps one through six of the trial court’s calculation.
Regarding adjustments, the trial court determined that Ms. Meeks’ adjustments to income were more appropriate than those of Mr. Clark. Again, this is reasonable and is supported by the record, given that the trial court chose an income methodology over a net asset approach. We likewise find no error in the fact that the trial court factored into its valuation Mr. Clark’s determination that NECC had a negative net worth of $55,000.
Diversion/Mismanagement of Community Assets
The trial court rejected Peggy’s claim that Noble intentionally diverted funds out of NECC, causing a loss of earnings and a diminution in the value of the community business. On appeal, she asserts that this conclusion is contrary to the evidence and asks this court to reverse that portion of the trial court’s judgment and either award her damages or add a commensurate amount to the value of NECC.
Article 2369.3 of the Louisiana Civil Code provides in pertinent part:
|1fiA spouse has a duty to preserve and to manage prudently former community property under his control, including a former community enterprise, in a manner consistent with the mode of use of that property immediately prior to termination of the community regime. He is answerable for any damage caused by his fault, default or neglect.
As noted in the 1995 comments, this article imposes a higher standard of care in managing and maintaining former community property than the standard imposed during the marriage. The reason for the higher standard of care is that, after termination of the community property regime, the presumption that a spouse will act in the best interest of the community no longer exists. Knighten v. Knighten, 00-1662 (La.App. 1st Cir.09/28/91), 809 So.2d 324, writ denied, 01-2846 (La.01/04/02), 805 So.2d 207; Comment (a), Article 2369.3.
The spouse alleging improper management bears the burden of proving that her former spouse failed to manage and prudently preserve the former community property prior to partition. Anding v. Anding, 32,084 (La.App.2d Cir.08/18/99), 740 So.2d 253; Drobnak v. Drobnak, 97-0021 (La.App. 1st Cir.02/20/98), 708 So.2d 1162. Comment (c) to La.C.C. art. 2369.3 provides that a spouse who asserts a claim under this article is required to prove that the other spouse failed to act prudently in a manner consistent with the mode of use of the property under his control immediately prior to termination of the regime, not simply that he had former community property under his control. The spouse who has control over former community property is in a position similar to that of a usufructuary and thus owes a high standard of care, that of a prudent administrator, in managing and preserving former community assets. |17 Comment (e), La.C.C. art. 2369.3. As noted by the Third Circuit in Gibson v. Gibson, 96-1472 (La.App. 3d Cir.04/02/97), 692 So.2d 708, 710, bad faith is not required under article 2369.3 because the spouse is “answerable for any damage caused by his fault, default or neglect.”
The trial court, in its written reasons for judgment, analyzed La.C.C. art. 2369.3 and noted that, while the provision imposes a higher standard of care on the spouse with community property under his control, it does not clarify the burden of proof for the spouse claiming mismanagement. Therefore, the court analogized the instant case to one involving a challenge to corporate transactions [see Dunbar v. Williams, 554 So.2d 56 (La.App. 4th Cir.1988)], and, based upon Peggy’s challenge to the integrity of the transactions between NECC and EWCC, placed the burden of proof upon'Noble to establish that the transactions between the two companies were at arm’s length and in good faith. The court found that Noble proved that the corporate dealings were at arm’s length and therefore rejected Peggy’s claim. The court also found that Noble met his burden of proof regarding his organization of Ellington Cotton Company and the “cashing in” of a certificate of deposit.
The trial court’s determination that there was no merit to Peggy’s claim of diversion/mismanagement of assets is subject to the manifest error/clearly wrong standard. See Anding, supra. We will therefore examine the record to determine whether there is a reasonable factual basis for the trial court’s finding.
Peggy claimed that two corporate entities were formed for the purpose of diverting community assets from NECC. As did the trial court, we will examine the evidence regarding the formation and operation of each business.
The first one, Ellington Cotton Company, was organized in 1998 by the parties’ sons. It is uncontradicted that this business was formed by Ryan and Noble III because they did not want to be “in the middle” of their parents’ dispute about NECC and because they wanted to go into business for themselves. The trial court found that there was nothing sneaky or underhanded about the sons’ organization of this business, nor was there any intent to cause problems or financial damage to their mother. Having read the testimony of Ryan and Noble III, we agree. When Peggy’s attorney found out about the new company, he advised Noble and his attorney that because of Ryan’s position with NECC, he had a conflict of interest and the new company’s organization was a potential breach of his fiduciary duties. At that point, Ryan and Noble III agreed to discontinue their business and every transaction which had been conducted was backed out and rebooked through NECC. Again, there was no damage to NECC. The record also supports this finding of the trial court, as well as the court’s determination that Noble and his sons were not “caught” trying to hurt Peggy Traylor.
The second entity allegedly formed to divert assets from NECC was Ellington-Weaver Cotton Company, LLC (“EWCC”). EWCC was formed by Noble Ellington, his sons and Robert Weaver. All related parties testified regarding their reason for forming EWCC, which was to enable the [1flEIlingtons to get into the business of shipping cotton to textile mills. All three Ellingtons testified that NECC, whose business was buying cotton, would benefit from their venture with Mr. Weaver, who had the contacts and expertise in shipping that they lacked. Furthermore, it was their testimony that the shipping business was more risky than the buying business and they did not want to subject NECC to these greater risks.
Although Ryan was the most interested in the Ellingtons getting into the shipping business, Noble III, Noble and Mr. Weaver realized a mutual advantage in going into business together. It was neither practical nor feasible to make Mr. Weaver a part owner of NECC or the Ellingtons part owners of his company, so formation of a new business with shared ownership was the logical solution. EWCC was formed in October 1999, with Mr. Weaver owning one-half and Noble, Ryan and Noble III each owning one-sixth of the business.
Specifically, Peggy claimed that NECC sustained losses from sales of cotton at below cost to EWCC. As the trial court observed, the evidence establishes both that NECC sold cotton to EWCC over a two-year period and that NECC realized major losses in one of these years. The following is from the trial court’s written reasons:
With a background of a bitter dispute about partitioning the business and a further background of the business having been profitable in almost every prior year, the transactions between the two companies understandably caused grave suspicion and were very probably the leading factor leading to this litigation. For obvious reasons, a major loss under those circumstances was a “red flag” to Peggy Traylor and her attorneys.
Meeks testified that in her opinion, one of the reasons for the loss was the sale of cotton to EWCC at lower than market prices. The | ^documentary evidence, together with Meeks’ admissions on cross-examination and the testimony of the witnesses on behalf of Noble Ellington who actually conducted the transactions, establish that Meeks was in error. She did not understand many of the factors involved (such as deductions for payments to the Cotton Board, the “first in, first out” rule and others) and she had not examined all of the documents necessary to evaluate the transactions. To take one purchase from one farmer and attempt to follow it through the process to its sale does not accurately reflect the transactions of which that particular cotton is a part. Hundreds or even thousands of bales are “booked” in advance of sales and when large amounts are included in a sale, there may be individual lots of cotton which are being sold for less than the price for which purchased, but the entire transaction may result in a profit. It is vital to recognize that the market price of cotton is quoted daily on the Memphis cotton exchange and historical records of those prices are available. In the sales to EWCC, the evidence not only refutes the claim that cotton was sold below market but it shows that in fact, NECC made profits on those transactions.
The trial court went on to examine the record for an explanation for the company’s large loss the same year it conducted business with EWCC and relied primarily upon Noble’s testimony:
Noble Ellington testified that losses occur in the normal course of business. Sometimes it is necessary to pay more for cotton than what it will be sold for in order to meet a previously “booked” price to a buyer. Minor losses are usually made up by profit on other transactions but sometimes they are not. Losses can also occur for other reasons. [Noble] testified as to how one particular loss occurred during the period in question and it had nothing to do with EWCC. He admitted mistakes were made and that a large purchase “fell through the cracks.”
The trial court found that the company records supported Noble’s explanation, and also that the market continued to slide downward and that they failed to get the cotton hedged, at a loss of $160,000 to NECC. The court pointed out, however, that this loss did not affect only Peggy, but affected equally Noble’s interest. The court accepted Noble’s explanation of the company losses and observed that the records and invoices relating to the sales to EWCC, as well as the testimony of other witnesses, particularly Li Mr. Weaver, all support that the conclusion that the transactions between the two companies were at arm’s length and in good faith. Placing emphasis on its discretion to hear and observe the witnesses, the trial court further found that there was no “kickback” arrangement between Mr. Weaver and Noble Ellington. The record supports the trial court’s determinations in this regard.
However, our inquiry is not over until we review the trial court’s determination regarding the “cashing in” of a $500,000 certificate of d.eposit. The following is taken from the trial court’s written reasons for judgment:
In January of 1999, the company owed a substantial debt to Franklin State Bank. In addition to the company’s cotton inventory, the debt was secured by a $500,000 certificate of deposit registered in the name of NECC and issued by the same bank. The interest rate on the loan was 2% greater than the interest rate of the CD. Primarily on the recommendation of Noble Ellington III, it was decided that the debt should be paid down by redeeming the CD and applying those funds together with $850,000 cash on hand at the company. Using the CD funds reduced the annual interest being paid by the company by $10,000.
When Peggy Traylor learned that the company no longer owned the CD, she apparently concluded that something improper had occurred. When asked “what possible reason” could she think of for the company paying the $850,000 to the bank, her answer was “to keep me from getting half of it.” Such a response reveals how little she understood about the company’s business. On cross-examination, even Meeks admitted that applying the funds to the debt for the purpose of reducing interest indebtedness was a good business decision. As a director and the owner of half of the company’s stock, Peggy Traylor should have been consulted, or at least informed, of the transaction. However, the evidence indicates that she had not been consulted on management decisions prior to that time, even when she was an employee. There is likewise no evidence indicating that she asked to be consulted or wished to be consulted. Nevertheless, recognizing her position as a director and shareholder, partieu-larly Rafter her employment terminated, would have been a desirable change, irrespective of her failure to request it. Keeping her informed would have, at the very least, explained the “disappearance” of the CD.
Using company money to reduce company debt is too simple an issue to warrant further discussion. There is no evidence even remotely indicating that such a move was intended to, nor did it in fact, prejudice NECC or Peggy Traylor in any way.
Having reviewed the record, we likewise find no error in the trial court’s determination that Noble’s use of the $500,000 CD to reduce outstanding company debt did not rise to the level of mismanagement or diversion. We conclude that the trial court correctly found that Peggy’s article 2369.3 claim was not meritorious.
Conclusion
For the reasons set forth above, the trial court’s judgment is AFFIRMED.
Costs of this appeal are to be divided equally between the parties.
AFFIRMED.
. Peggy worked at NECC until the parties separated in August 1996.
. After her divorce from Noble, Peggy married Louisiana Supreme Court Justice Chet Traylor. Prior to his election to the supreme court, Justice Traylor served as a district judge in the 5th J.D.C. In light of this fact, all of the judges of the 5th J.D.C. recused themselves from the partition suit and an ad hoc judge was appointed by the supreme court.
. Other parties were added as defendants and other causes of action were asserted by supplemental pleadings filed by Peggy. These additional parties and causes, however, have been dismissed and are no longer part of this litigation.
.The parties also asked the trial court to include in the partition a grand piano. The court, however, found that this piano was not community property, but was either the separate property of Peggy or belonged to the parties' son, Noble III, who was not a party to the partition proceeding. Therefore, ownership of the piano was not determined by the court.
. According to Mr. Clark, the company's goodwill is personal and therefore should not be considered.
. The parties have not questioned the 22.5% used by Ms. Meeks.
. Neither party assigned as error step five, deduction of 34% for estimated income taxes or step six, division of the balance by 22.5% (Ms. Meeks’ discount rate for benefit stream.)
. In his appeal, Noble asserted that the trial court erred in failing to allow him offsetting credits against the value of NECC. He urges this court that the company value should be offset with: a $10,000 "loan’’ to Peggy; $139,443.19, which is the salary Peggy received from NECC after she ceased working there; and $238,630, which represents loans to the parties. Addressing first the shareholder loans, the trial court found that these were not loans, but withdrawals or shareholder dividends used for community purposes which were simply carried on the books of the company as loans for tax purposes. The court noted that the alleged borrowers never signed notes evidencing the debts, nor was there any type of debt repayment schedule. Regarding the amounts received by Peggy after she stopped working for NECC, the trial court noted that there was no objection to Peggy’s withdrawal of $10,000 and that her salary and expenses were voluntarily paid by the management of the company. Notwithstanding her withdrawal from the day-to-day affairs of the community business, Peggy remained a director and the owner of one-half of the corporate stock. We agree with the trial court that reimbursement or offsetting credits are not appropriate. This assignment of error is without merit.
| CASELAW |
-- CIT Sells $3.25 Billion in Biggest Bond Sale Since Bankruptcy
CIT Group Inc. (CIT) sold $3.25 billion of
debt in its second and biggest bond sale since emerging from
bankruptcy in December 2009 as the small-business lender led by
John Thain pays back “high-cost debt” this quarter. CIT issued $1.5 billion of 4.75 percent, three-year notes
and $1.75 billion of 5.5 percent, seven-year debt, both Series C
second-priority secured bonds, according to data compiled by
Bloomberg. Proceeds may be used to refinance outstanding debt,
the New York-based company said in a statement today. CIT “is
in the process of repaying $2.5 billion of high-cost debt in the
first quarter of 2012,” Thain said in a Jan. 31 conference
call, referring to its 7 percent so-called Series A notes. Thain has sold assets to help CIT, once the biggest
independent commercial lender in the U.S., recover from a
bankruptcy that wiped out $2.3 billion in government bailout
money. In addition to cutting high-coupon debt, CIT “seems to
be maintaining cautious credit standards” based on reports it
was demanding extra financial information from Sears Holdings
Corp. and its lack of European sovereign credit risk exposure,
Gimme Credit LLC analyst Kathleen Shanley said in a note today. “We have eliminated or refinanced about $18 billion of
debt” since the start of 2010, Chief Financial Officer Scott Parker said on the Jan. 31 conference call to discuss earnings.
“We lowered our funding cost, improved our funding flexibility
and are well-positioned to execute the balance of our liability
restructuring roadmap.” CIT is graded B2 with a “stable” outlook by Moody’s
Investors Service and B+ with a “positive” outlook from
Standard & Poor’s , Bloomberg data show. Exit From Bankruptcy The lender plans to redeem the remaining $4 billion of the
Series A debt later this year, Thain said on the conference
call. The notes have higher costs and restrictions attached to
them because they were part of the company’s exit from
bankruptcy, Jody Lurie, a corporate credit analyst at Janney
Montgomery Scott LLC in Philadelphia, wrote in a Jan. 31 note. “Series C notes remain secured until CIT achieves
investment grade by both S&P and Moody’s or once CIT repays all
of Series A,” she wrote. Once the Series A debt is fully repaid, liens on a
revolving line of credit and the Series C notes “fall away” so
that debt becomes unsecured, Parker said in a Nov. 16 conference
call. That’s part of the company’s goal of getting back
investment-grade credit ratings, he said. CIT tapped the debt market for the first time since its
bankruptcy in March, offering $1.3 billion of 5.25 percent,
three-year notes and $700 million of 6.625 percent, seven-year
notes, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. High-yield, high-risk, or junk, debt is rated below Baa3 by
Moody’s and lower than BBB- by S&P. To contact the reporter on this story:
Sapna Maheshwari in New York at
sapnam@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Alan Goldstein at
agoldstein5@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Sigrid Lehrbäck
Sigrid Emilia Lehrbäck (26 October 1876 in Oulu – 20 June 1923 in Oulu) was a Finnish painter.
Lehrbäck's parents were cargo surveyor Anders Lehrbäck and Margareta Suutari. She studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Helsinki from 1898 to 1899 and at the Aalto University School of Arts, Design and Architecture and abroad in Paris. She participated in the exhibitions of Finnish Artists in 1899, 1900, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906 and 1907. In the late 1890s, Lehrbäck assisted the painter Albert Edelfelt and assisted in 1897 the portrait of the Governor General, Count P. Suvalov, in 1898 the portrait of Nicholas II and later View of Haiko, painted for the 1900 World's Fair in Paris in 1899, in a painting by Edelfelt.
Lehrbäck was a teacher at the Central School of Art and Design from 1900 to 1918 but had to resign due to illness. She had been married to Gustav Valdemar Lehtinen since 1914. | WIKI |
Harry Giles III
Harry Lee Giles III (born April 22, 1998) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the South Bay Lakers of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Duke Blue Devils.
Freshman and sophomore seasons
Giles attended Wesleyan Christian Academy in High Point, North Carolina, where he was coached by Keith Gatlin. As a freshman, Giles averaged 12.5 points per game and 9.5 rebounds per game after leading Wesleyan Christian to a 2013 NCISAA 3A State Championship alongside Dallas Mavericks shooting guard Theo Pinson. Giles missed his entire sophomore year due to a left knee injury. During the 2014 summer, Giles would return from injury joining Team CP3 on the EYBL circuit. He also participated in the Under Armour Elite 24 game in Brooklyn, New York, finishing with 16 points and 11 rebounds and earning Co-MVP honors.
Junior season
In his junior year, Giles and Wesleyan were ranked the No. 2 team in the Nation by USA Today. On November 14, 2014 In his second game back since his injury, Harry scored a career-high 38 points and grabbed 19 rebounds in an 82–58 win over Northside Christian Academy. On December 21, Giles scored 29 points in a 67–62 win over Mater Dei at the City of Palms Classic in Fort Myers, Fla., ending the team's 46-game win streak. Giles and the Trojans then played in the 2014–15 High School OT Holiday Invitational Tournament at Needham B. Broughton High School in Raleigh, North Carolina. On December 29, Giles and Wesleyan defeated Word of God Christian Academy (98–85) behind Giles 31 points and 17 rebounds to advance to the championship game. On December 30, 2014, Giles went head to head against an Orangeville Prep team that featured future NBA players Jamal Murray and Thon Maker. Wesleyan would go on to defeat Orangeville Prep (78–75) with Giles scoring 26 points and 14 rebounds while Maker scored 24 points and 11 between the two. On January 15, 2015, Giles scored 17 points, 12 rebounds, and 4 assist to help the Trojans defeat Malik Monk and Bentonville High School (63–55). On the season, Giles averaged 23.9 points per game, 12.5 rebounds per game, 2.0 assist per game, and 3.0 blocks per game while leading the Wesleyan Trojans to a (30–5) record and a NCISAA 3A state championship game appearance, losing to in-state rival Greensboro Day School.
At the end of his junior season, Giles earned first-team All-USA honors by USA Today. During the summer of 2015, Giles would rejoin his AAU Team, Team CP3 All-Stars, sponsored by fellow Winston-Salem native and NBA superstar Chris Paul of the Golden State Warriors. Giles averaged 18.2 points per game and 12.0 rebounds per game in 16 games on the Nike Elite Youth Basketball League circuit, earning first-team All-EYBL honors. In August 2015, Slam magazine would name Giles to its Summer All-American Team.
Senior season
Before his senior season, Giles decided to attend and play for the high school basketball powerhouse Oak Hill Academy in Mouth of Wilson, Virginia. Giles dominated the majority of his high school career; however, his senior year ended with a torn ACL in his right knee. The injury occurred during his first scrimmage game with Oak Hill. Weeks later, Giles enrolled to (now-defunct) Forest Trail Academy in Kernersville, North Carolina to take online courses to finish his senior year of high school while rehabbing from his knee injury. On November 6, 2015, Giles made his verbal commitment to attend Duke University and play for the Duke Blue Devils live on ESPN joining fellow five-star 2016 recruits Jayson Tatum, Frank Jackson, and Marques Bolden. He was selected to play in the 2016 Jordan Brand Classic and Nike Hoop Summit but was unable due to injury.
Giles was rated as a five-star recruit and considered the best high school prospect of the 2016 class. Giles ranked as the No.1 overall recruit and No.1 power forward in the 2016 high school class by ESPN, while Scout.com and Rivals ranked him No. 2 in the Class of 2016 only behind Josh Jackson.
College career
Before the start of the 2016–17 season, Giles was selected to both Naismith and John R. Wooden Award preseason watchlists, while also finishing third in voting for ACC Preseason Rookie of the Year. On October 3, 2016, it was announced Giles would likely miss up to six weeks to have surgery on his knee. On December 7, 2016, it was announced that Giles could make his long awaited Duke debut. On December 19, 2016, Giles made his college debut in a win against Tennessee State. On January 4, 2017, he recorded his first double-double with 10 points and 12 rebounds in a win over Georgia Tech. On March 10, 2017 in the ACC tournament semi-finals against rival North Carolina, Giles had 4 blocks, 7 rebounds, and 6 points in a (95–83) win. On March 11, 2017, Giles contributed to 4 points and 4 rebounds in a 75–69 victory over Notre Dame in the ACC Tournament Championship game. As a #2 seed in the NCAA Tournament, Duke defeated Troy University in the first round, but would go on to lose in the second round against South Carolina. On the season, Giles appeared in 26 games and only averaged 3.9 points, 3.8 rebounds per game.
At the conclusion of his freshman season, Giles announced that he would forgo his final three years of collegiate eligibility at Duke and enter the 2017 NBA draft.
Sacramento Kings (2017–2020)
On June 22, 2017, Giles was selected by the Portland Trail Blazers with the 20th overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft. His rights were later traded to the Sacramento Kings on draft night. Giles would sit out the entire 2017 NBA Summer League. On July 8, 2017, Giles signed his rookie contract with the Kings worth $10.6 million over 4 years. On October 6, 2017, it was announced Giles would make his NBA debut in January 2018. On January 18, 2018, it was announced that Giles would sit out the rest of the season.
On May 14, 2018, The Sacramento Bee announced that Giles would participate in the California Classic Summer League on July 2, 3, and 5 in Sacramento. Giles joined the Kings for the 2018 NBA Summer League. In his NBA debut on October 17, 2018, Giles scored 2 points in a 123–117 season-opening loss against the Utah Jazz. On November 10, 2018, Giles was assigned to the Stockton Kings, the G League affiliate of the Kings, where he scored 30 points in his debut for the team. On November 11, 2018, Giles was recalled by the Kings. On January 31, 2019, Giles recorded a career-high 20 points and 7 rebounds in a 135–113 victory over the Atlanta Hawks. On April 3, the Kings shut down Giles for the remainder of the season.
On October 31, 2019, the Kings declined Giles's option for the 2020–21 season worth $4 million. Giles scored a season-high 19 points in Sacramento's 112–108 loss to the Oklahoma City Thunder on February 27, 2020.
Portland Trail Blazers (2020–2021)
On November 22, 2020, Giles signed with the Portland Trail Blazers. On April 4, 2021, he scored 12 points and 2 rebounds in a 133–85 win over the Oklahoma City Thunder.
Agua Caliente Clippers (2021–2022)
On September 27, 2021, Giles signed with the Los Angeles Clippers. However, he was waived on October 16, 2021. On October 27, Giles signed with the Agua Caliente Clippers as an affiliate player. On January 23, 2022, he was waived by Agua Caliente after suffering a season-ending injury.
Brooklyn Nets (2023–2024)
On August 8, 2023, the Golden State Warriors held a free agent workout with Giles. On September 6, he signed with the Brooklyn Nets, but was waived on February 8, 2024.
Los Angeles / South Bay Lakers (2024–present)
On March 2, 2024, Giles signed a two-way contract with the Los Angeles Lakers.
National team career
Giles competed for Team USA at the 2015 FIBA Under-19 World Cup in Greece. During the tournament, he finished third in points per 40 minutes, with an average of 26.4, second in offensive rebounding percentage, at 17.1%, and first in defensive rebounding percentage, at 28.7%. He was named to the All-Tournament Team.
Personal life
Giles is the son of Harry and Melissa Giles. He has one brother and three sisters. Giles's father Harry Giles II played both college basketball and football at Winston-Salem State University. Giles is good friends with former Duke teammate and current NBA player Jayson Tatum. | WIKI |
Sazar
Sazar is a village in Paddar tehsil of Kishtwar district in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census of India, Sazar has 102 households. The literacy rate of Sazar village was 45.45% compared to 67.16% of Jammu and Kashmir. In Sazar, Male literacy stands at 60.89% while the female literacy rate was 26.37%. | WIKI |
9 minute read
It has been a few busy months since I started at Instacart, and finally I can catch some breath during the holiday break. Ruling out the possibility of travel, it allows for more time to read a few books. To this end, I’ve been plowing through this wonderful book: Machine Learning Design Patterns by Valliappa Lakshmanan, Sara Robinson, and Michael Munn. The book is relatively recent, and largely based on (but not necessarily bounded by) Google BigQuery and TensorFlow/Keras frameworks. One thing I truly appreciate about this book is that, it is organized as independent modules, such that for a reasonably adept machine learning (ML) practitioner, one can easily pick up the area of interests and dive in.
I strongly resonate with many of its content and reckon it would be a good idea to summarize the key points, to the very least, for my own future reference. In this post, I will focus on the Reproducibility Design Patterns (Chapter 6 of the book).
Transform
The key idea of this pattern is to separate input, feature, and estimator. As a whole, they consist of what is considered a model, that can be readily put into production. The process that turns input to feature is what we call Transform.
It is very common to preprocess the raw inputs, e.g., transforming them to format/values (features) that are expected by the estimators. Common examples include standardization, min-max scaling (for scalar inputs), one-hot encoding, embedding (for categorical inputs). To ensure reproducibility, it is suggested to include such preprocessing steps as part of the model. With sklearn, one can leverage the Pipeline class, and with TensorFlow/Keras, one can use the tf.feature_column API, to make the preprocessing as part of the computation graph (i.e., model).
The benefit of applying this design pattern is obvious: when put into production, the model will ingest the raw input, whereas the preprocessing steps will be encapsulated, yet they are part of the model. When we deploy a new model, we will be enforced to apply the new preprocessing steps as well. The following figure (carved out from the book) illustrates such pattern, in the context of predicting the duration of a New York City Citibike ride:
There are cases in which one can not package the input-to-feature transformation in the model. For example, in the above bicycle duration prediction model, if a feature is “the hour of the day for the previous bike ride from the same station”, obviously we need to treat it as a raw input instead of something we can “transform”. For such cases, the Feature Store design pattern discussed later would be a better approach.
Bridged Schema
This design pattern aims to address the issue when the training dataset is a hybrid of data conforming to different schema. Assuming that we are training a regression model, and one of the (categorical) inputs is called payment_type. In the older training data, this has been recorded as cash or card, However, the newer training data provide more detail on the type of card (gift_card, debit_card, credit_card) that was used. During inference, we are expecting the detailed input as well. How to handle the different schemas?
There are two simple solutions, none of which seem to be optimal. One can either discard the older training data, or roll up the newer training data (and for inference) by treating all three different types of card payment as card. For the first approach, we lose the training data, and for the second approach, we lose the information hence degrading the model performance (need to validate!). Is there a better approach?
This is where the Bridged Schema idea comes in. The main idea is that, can we find a representation (schema) for the input (in this example, payment_type), that works for both the older and newer data?
Probabilistic method
With this approach, we effectively “impute” the older data. When we see a payment_type == card in the order data, we convert it to one of the (gift_card, debit_card, credit_card), with the probability of the observed frequency in the newer data. The assumption here is that the distributions of the imputed input are the same for the older and newer data, which may not hold.
Static method
With this approach, we one-hot encode the input using the newer data. For the running example, the payment_type is one-hot to a 4-dimension vector, as the cardinality is four (for newer data). When we encounter the payment_type == card in the older data, we will represent it as [0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6], where the first 0 corresponds to the cash category, and (0.1, 0.3, 0.6) is the hypothetical, observed frequency of (gift_card, debit_card, credit_card) from newer data. Comparing with the probabilistic method, we relax the “same-distribution” assumption, but allow the ML model to learn the relationship.
Union schema method (don’t use)
Similar to the static method, one could propose to set the cardinality of the payment_type to five, that is, treating card as its own category. Although tempting, this approach is problematic, since we will never see payment_type == card during inference.
Workflow Pipeline
As an ML practitioner, we can often find our daily routine following some or all of the steps outlined in the figure below.
Similar to the recent monolith-versus-microservice discussion in the traditional programming domain, the Workflow Pipeline design pattern aims to isolate and containerize the individual steps, that turns the ML codes to pipelines. Such pattern will ensure the portability, scalability, and maintainability of the ML codes. It is particularly important when we are working in a team, for example, different members can retrieve data from a common, immutable source to train their own models, so that the results can be compared on an equal footing.
Another benefit of abstracting and isolating individual steps is that, one can insert validation between steps, to monitor the quality and status. Should there be data drift, or model quality degradation, it would be easier to identify and faster to remediate.
Tools to implement such pipelines include Apache Airflow, Google TensorFlow Extended, and Kubeflow. However, to practice this pattern requires solid infrastructure support, as it is most likely one needs to run and maintain those pipelines with some cloud providers.
Feature Store
This design pattern intends to address the maintenance and sharing of the most crucial component in ML – feature. At the high level:
The Feature Store design pattern simplifies the management and reuse of features across projects by decoupling the feature creation process from the development of models using those features.
Here the boundary between input and feature can be a bit blurry, but it would not affect the content we are discussing below.
There are at least two issues that feature store wants to solve: training-serving skew, and feature-sharing. To address the former, one needs to ensure: 1) the feature generation processes are identical for both training and serving data; and 2) the features are available at serving time with low latency. For the latter, one needs to expose the location of the features for other members/processes to ingest.
One would argue the indifference between the Transform pattern and this Feature Store pattern. Indeed the Transform pattern would enforce the consistency of the feature consumed by the model at training and serving time, but the Feature Store pattern is to provide the availability of input/feature for training and (particularly) serving. Furthermore, certain types of feature (e.g., recency) can not be handled through the Transform pattern, and Feature Store is the more appropriate solution.
All these are easier said than done, but again there are tools to help, such as FEAST, and AWS SageMaker Feature Store. The book goes into depth with FEAST, and as with the Workflow Pipeline design pattern describe above, one needs to have ML infra support in place to properly enable Feature Store.
Other design patterns
In the above, I’ve only collected the Reproducibility design patterns that resonated strongly with me. There are other patterns discussed in this chapter, including:
• Repeatable Splitting: it captures the way data is split among training, validation, and test datasets to ensure that a training example that is used in training is never used for evaluation or testing even as the dataset grows.
• The Windowed Inference: it ensures that features that are calculated in a dynamic, time-dependent way can be correctly repeated between training and serving.
• Versioning of data and models: it is a prerequisite to handle many of the Reproducibility design patterns.
Overall, each of the design patterns is worth of revisiting, especially after one has encountered similar situations at work. For now, I will keep reading the rest of the book!
Leave a Comment | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Turkish wealth fund says Sisal-Sans JV offers best bid in national lottery tender
ISTANBUL, Aug 9 (Reuters) - Turkey’s sovereign wealth fund (TVF) has completed the bidding process for the Milli Piyango national lottery, the fund said on Friday, adding that the Turkish-Italian Sisal-Sans joint venture had presented the best bid. In a statement, the TVF said Sisal-Sans had offered a bid of 9.32 billion lira ($1.69 billion) for the 2020 operating rights of the national lottery. The TVF, worth $50 billion, was set up by the government in 2016 to develop and increase the value of Turkey’s strategic assets and provide resources for investment. President Tayyip Erdogan appointed himself chairman of the fund last September. $1 = 5.5027 liras
Reporting by Ezgi Erkoyun; Writing by Tuvan Gumrukcu; Editing
by Ece Toksabay | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
The Winback energy guides you:>Treatment of the “Windshield Wiper Effect” on the knee with WINBACK
Treatment of the “Windshield Wiper Effect” on the knee with WINBACK
Treatment of the “Windshield Wiper Effect” on the knee using WINBACK
DEFINITION OF THE WINDSHIELD WIPER EFFECT
Iliotibial band syndrome, sometimes referred to as the “windshield wiper effect” is a condition that typically afflicts long-distance runners and cyclists. It is a common form of tendinopathy caused by repeated muscular abrasions during low flexion extension between the rear edge of the iliotibial band and the external condyle, resulting in an inflammation of the iliotibial tract, typically accompanied by pain in either the lateral aspect of the knee or opposite the external condyle. However, the condition does not universally have a mechanical origin and it may also have an idiopathic cause or be due to primary serous bursitis.
DIAGNOSIS OF ILIOTIBIAL BAND SYNDROME
The diagnosis of iliotibial band syndrome is primarily clinical and may be confirmed by a range of different clinical tests including the Renne and Noble tests. Pain may be erratically distributed upon exertion of the lateral aspect of the thigh. Pain upon palpitation of the lateral condyle may be accompanied by crepitation of the bursitis. Differential diagnoses include external meniscal damage, a condition of the proximal fibulo-tibial joint, a stress fracture of the fibula neck, external femoro-tibial chondropathy, and finally tendinopathy of the biceps femoris or the popliteus.
winback-essuieglace
CURRENT TREATMENTS FOR ILIOTIBIAL BAND SYNDROME
Currently available treatments for iliotibial band syndrome in the acute phase are rest, icing, and physiotherapy treatment with a view to returning to participation in sport. Following the unfortunate onset of the chronic phase, costly medical treatments are required, even though they may be ineffective. Accordingly, corticosteroid injections are recommended as a result of the inflammatory effect of the friction, with PRP therapy being a recent addition to the range of treatments on offer. If the patient fails to respond to therapy, the ultimate, invasive solution often involves surgery to remove the affected area of tissue. Physiotherapy has a major role to play in the traditional approach to treatment in view of the outcomes that are achieved.
THE POTENTIAL OF WINBACK’S TECAR THERAPY IN TREATING ILIOTIBIAL BAND SYNDROME.
Relaxation of the fibrous band, reinforcement of the gluteal area, proprioception and finally, analgesia, are the major therapeutic areas. However, the principal challenge is the difficulty of reaching the various conjoined tissues in a non-invasive manner. A combination of different mobilization techniques and mechanical interventions (such as brackets, MTP, tension relief, and suction techniques) must be correlated with a view to achieving immediate analgesic relief. So, how can muscular tension be relieved by manual, pain-free techniques, reorganizing the connecting tissue, in order to optimize proprioception in the patient and create an optimal path for a return to sporting activity? In view of these challenges, over the last two years a large number of therapists (over 500 in France alone) have pragmatically turned towards a new technology based on the emission of high frequency energy more commonly referred to as Tecartherapy. This technology can improve ionic exchange both within and outside the cells, thereby leading to local improvements in the metabolism. During the session, this biological action completes the physical skills of the therapist to provide a complete package of treatment. Feedback from the full range of practitioners reported an achieved success rate of over 95% for the therapy. Our colleagues reported that patients returned to sporting activities more quickly (with times below eight weeks generally reported in the literature) and a significant reduction in the recurrence of symptoms. It is worth noting that, as with any physical therapy, outcomes depend on the individuals involved and therefore it is difficult to conceive of a large-scale clinical trial.
winback-essauiglace2
Nonetheless, WINBACK ® is able to offer a variety of technical solutions to therapists in order to enable all medically approved rehabilitative techniques to be given consideration, while retaining an independent, intuitive manual element. Accordingly, the research and development department has created a range of accessories, electrodes, and emissions frequencies to provide support to practitioners. The treatment protocol is adapted to the patient’s situation and to the therapist’s expertise, always taking into account the key technical aspects to ensure that the affected tissue is reached. The patient experiences a pleasant sensation of warmth known as diathermy as well as an increase in local vascular circulation. This endogenous warmth, caused by the activation of the muscular tissue, is adjusted to suit the severity and nature of the inflammation. Research into the effects of a more pronounced application of heat to tissue with limited or poor vascular circulation as a result of enthesis or chronic inflammation may also be worthwhile.
RECOMMENDED THERAPEUTIC PROTOCOL
In the initial treatment stage, a “capacitive” mode enables all soft tissue to be treated locally and instantaneously through the use of a range of frequencies. With a clinical context of iliotibial band syndrome, this capacitive application via massage is applied for four to five minutes to all periarticular muscles, and more specifically on the outer surface of the body, from the femoral region to the buttocks. The primary and secondary analgesic effects of “Deep capacitive” mode even reach deep into the bursa. A “resistive” mode enables poly-articular solicitation of the joint. Resistance levels are induced via the impedance of the tissues in response to dynamic and manual approaches. Thus, with a wide range of fixed and mobile electrodes, all techniques – whether manual or mechanical and whether passive or active – are compatible with the resistive mode. This gives us the ability to effectively increase the flexibility of the fibers of the iliotibial band through stretching, bracketing and MTP. The patient can also perform all gymnastic exercises by using the resistive mode. For other examples of protocols, contact your physio for more information. The mechanical effect on the tissues triggers an immediate, non-invasive biological response that enables sports therapists to achieve a noticeable regulation of the inflammation in respect of the external condyle, even during the initial sessions. In conclusion then, Tecar therapy is a modern alternative to the management of physiotherapeutic treatment, and not just for iliotibial band syndrome. The effectiveness reported by our trained and suitably-equipped colleagues enables the formulation of an effective therapeutic approach. Finally, Winback ® therapy represents a low cost investment that is well within the financial reach of patients suffering from iliotibial band syndrome.
2016-11-07T10:51:39+00:0017 september, 2015| | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
átformál
Verb
* 1) to reshape, remodel, transform, rephrase, refashion, restructure into something: | WIKI |
Ravindra Singh (politician)
Ravindra Singh was an Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh who rose to prominence through student politics and later became a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh in 1977. He had served as the student union president of Gorakhpur University and the University of Lucknow.
Early life
Ravindra Singh came from an ordinary family in a village to the Gorakhpur city to study. He became the General Secretary of the student union at St. Andrew's College in Gorakhpur. After contesting the next election, he became the student union president of the same college. In 1967, while pursuing his MA at Gorakhpur University, he became the President of the Students Union. He went to Lucknow University for further studies and became the student union president of the university in 1972. During the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971, he organized a group of young people and provided assistance to the soldiers. He used to explain the true meaning of socialism to the youth very clearly.
Political career
In 1977, he contested the assembly election on a ticket of the Janata Party from the Kauriram constituency of Gorakhpur district and was elected MLA on the first attempt. In the assembly, he presented the problems of the area point by point. He also explained their solution and despite being an MLA from the ruling party, he showed courage to criticize the government. The entire house was impressed by his words. He considered student unions, labour organizations, and employee organizations as the first school of politics.
Murder
On August 27, 1979, he was on his way to Lucknow to attend the assembly session when he was shot at Gorakhpur Junction railway station. He sustained severe injuries that led to his death three days later. At the time of his death, he was 35 years old. | WIKI |
What is null called in Python?
There’s no null in Python. Instead, there’s None. As stated already, the most accurate way to test that something has been given None as a value is to use the is identity operator, which tests that two variables refer to the same object.
What is null called in Python?
None
Python null is called None. It is a special object that represents the absence of a value. Any function that does not return anything automatically returns a None.
Is null () in Python?
There’s no null in Python. Instead, there’s None. As stated already, the most accurate way to test that something has been given None as a value is to use the is identity operator, which tests that two variables refer to the same object.
How do you deal with null values in a dataset?
Imputing the Missing Value
1. Replacing With Arbitrary Value.
2. Replacing With Mode.
3. Replacing With Median.
4. Replacing with previous value – Forward fill.
5. Replacing with next value – Backward fill.
6. Interpolation.
7. Impute the Most Frequent Value.
How do I fill null in pandas?
Pandas DataFrame fillna() Method The fillna() method replaces the NULL values with a specified value. The fillna() method returns a new DataFrame object unless the inplace parameter is set to True , in that case the fillna() method does the replacing in the original DataFrame instead.
How do you create an empty set in Python?
To create an empty set in python we have to use the set() function without any arguments, if we will use empty curly braces ” {} ” then we will get an empty dictionary. After writing the above code (create an empty set in python), Ones you will print “type(x)” then the output will appear as a “ ”.
What to do with null values?
Missing values can be handled by deleting the rows or columns having null values. If columns have more than half of the rows as null then the entire column can be dropped. The rows which are having one or more columns values as null can also be dropped.
How do I find null rows in pandas?
Select all Rows with NaN Values in Pandas DataFrame
1. (1) Using isna() to select all rows with NaN under a single DataFrame column: df[df[‘column name’].isna()]
2. (2) Using isnull() to select all rows with NaN under a single DataFrame column: df[df[‘column name’].isnull()]
How do you replace null with zero in Python?
Replace NaN Values with Zeros in Pandas DataFrame
1. (1) For a single column using Pandas: df[‘DataFrame Column’] = df[‘DataFrame Column’].fillna(0)
2. (2) For a single column using NumPy: df[‘DataFrame Column’] = df[‘DataFrame Column’].replace(np.nan, 0)
3. (3) For an entire DataFrame using Pandas: df.fillna(0)
How to make null Python?
shape : int or tuple of int i.e shape of the array (5,6) or 5.
• dtype data-type,optional i.e desired output data-type for the array,e.g,numpy.int8. Default is numpy.float64.
• order {‘C’,‘F’},optional,default: ‘C’ i.e whether to store multi-dimensional data in row-major (C-style) or column-major (Fortran-style) order in memory.
• How do I check for null in Python?
The Null Object in Python. Python does not have a null object. But the most closely related similar object is none. In this article, we will see how how None behaves in Python. Checking the type of Null and None we see that there is no Null Type and the None object is of type NoneType.
How to identify NumPy types in Python?
NumPy Data Types,
• Data types,
• numpy.ndarray.dtype,
• Data type Object (dtype) in NumPy Python,
• Understanding Data Types in Python,
• How to check if a string is null in Python?
check if a string is Null in Python using len () Here you will use the len () method as shown below: String = “” if len (string) == 0: print (“The string is empty”) else: print (“string is not empty”) Code above will print “The string is empty” as the length of the string is zero. Note: The above method will print the else statement even if there is a space inside the single/double quote as len () method also considers spaces. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Title
Detection and Characterization of High-Velocity Impact Damage in Advanced Composite Plates Using Multi-Sensing Techniques
Abstract
Advanced composites are increasingly used in aerospace, naval, and automotive vehicles due to their high specific strength and stiffness. However, the mechanical properties of composite materials may degrade severely in the presence of damage. Damage due to impact in composite plates is often difficult to detect using any single technique. In this paper, the use of multiple sensing techniques to characterize high-velocity impact damage in advanced composites is reported. Broadband wave-based acoustic emission (AE) sensors are used to capture wave signals due to impact while shearography and ultrasonic (UT) immersion techniques are used to assess location and extent of damage after the impact. Five 48-ply [0/+45/90/−45]6s laminated AS4/PEEK composite plates were used as test specimens. Shearography images of all five test specimens were taken before impact testing to detect any pre-existing internal damage from fabrication. Three broadband AE sensors were mounted on the surface of the composite plates to capture the AE signals due to impact. A 3/8-inch diameter stainless steel ball fired from a gas gun facility was used as a projectile to inflict damage to the composite plates. The AE signals were instantaneously acquired during the impact tests and stored in a computer. The AE signals show existence of both the extensional and flexural modes, with extensional modes typically showing first. AE energy also increases to a threshold as the kinetic energy of impact increases. Shearography fringe patterns show existence of damage and this is confirmed and quantified with C-scan images from the UT immersion test. There is good correlation between AE parameters such as AE energy, AE amplitude, and AE count with impact energy and with damage on the composite plates. Due to the low contrast of the shearograms, UT C-scans are used to show extent of damage. This research demonstrates how multiple sensing techniques can be used to characterize high-velocity impact damage in advanced composites.
Department(s)
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Sponsor(s)
Boeing Company
National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Keywords and Phrases
Acoustic Emission; Composite Plate; Damage Detection; Nondestructive Evaluation; Shearography; Ultrasonic Testing
Document Type
Article - Journal
Document Version
Citation
File Type
text
Language(s)
English
Rights
© 2001 Elsevier, All rights reserved.
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File:Panchanne.jpg
Summary
An eyecatch from the Japanese television series, Bishōjo Celebrity Panchanne, aired on TV Tokyo, sponsored by Index Music and Avex. This screenshot was taken from a digital recording of an episode, and then uploaded to a Japanese image board. The television series' home page can be seen here.
Non-free content rationalte
I, Ryulong, feel that this image can be used at Bishōjo Celebrity Panchanne as it is a low resolution screenshot of which there is no free alternative that will be used in the article to accurately depict the eponymous character as well as illustrate the theme of the series.— Ryūlóng ( 竜龍 ) 08:24, 4 May 2007 (UTC) | WIKI |
Świtalski
Świtalski (feminine: Świtalska) is a Polish family name. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jon Switalski, American politician
* Karol Świtalski (1902–1993), Polish Lutheran priest
* Kazimierz Świtalski (1886–1962), Polish politician
* Mariusz Świtalski (born 1962), Polish entrepreneur
* Michael Switalski (born 1955), American politician
* Piotr Świtalski (born 1957), Polish diplomat | WIKI |
Embolization
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Embolisation)
Jump to: navigation, search
Micrograph of embolic material in the artery of a kidney. The kidney was surgically removed because of cancer. H&E stain.
Embolization or embolisation refers to the passage and lodging of an embolus within the bloodstream. It may be pathological, for example as a surgical complication (in which sense it is also called embolism), or therapeutic, as a hemostatic treatment for bleeding or as a treatment for some types of cancer by deliberately blocking blood vessels to starve the tumor cells.
In the cancer management application, the embolus, besides blocking the blood supply to the tumor, also often includes an ingredient to attack the tumor chemically or with irradiation. When it bears a chemotherapy drug, the process is called chemoembolization. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the usual form. When the embolus bears a radiopharmaceutical for unsealed source radiotherapy, the process is called radioembolization or selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT).
Uses[edit]
Embolization involves the selective occlusion of blood vessels by purposely introducing emboli, in other words deliberately blocking a blood vessel.
Embolization is used to treat a wide variety of conditions affecting different organs of the human body.
Venous insufficiency[edit]
The treatment is used to occlude:
Growths[edit]
The treatment is used to slow or stop blood supply thus reducing the size of the tumour:
Malignant hypertension[edit]
It could be useful for managing malignant hypertension due to end stage renal failure.[3]
Other[edit]
Technique[edit]
Post-embolization arteriogram showing coiled aneurysm (indicated by yellow arrows) of the posterior cerebral artery with a residual aneurysmal sac.
Embolization is a minimally invasive surgery. The purpose is to prevent blood flow to an area of the body, which can effectively shrink a tumor or block an aneurysm.
The procedure is carried out as an endovascular procedure by a consultant radiologist in an interventional suite. It is common for most patients to have the treatment carried out with little or no sedation, although this depends largely on the organ to be embolized. Patients who undergo cerebral embolization or portal vein embolization are usually given a general anesthetic.
Access to the organ in question is acquired by means of a guidewire and catheter(s). Depending on the organ this can be very difficult and time-consuming. The position of the correct artery or vein supplying the pathology in question is located by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). These images are then used as a map for the radiologist to gain access to the correct vessel by selecting an appropriate catheter and or wire, depending on the 'shape' of the surrounding anatomy.
Once in place, the treatment can begin. The artificial embolus used is usually one of the following:
Once the artificial emboli have been successfully introduced, another set of DSA images are taken to confirm a successful deployment.
Agents[edit]
Liquid embolic agents - Used for AVM, these agents can flow through complex vascular structures so the surgeon does not need to target his catheter to every single vessel. Onyx is an example for a liquid embolic agent.
• nbca - butyl cyanoacrylate - This agent is a permanent rapidly acting liquid, similar to glues sold under trade names such as "SuperGlue," that will polymerize immediately upon contact with ions. It also undergoes an exothermic reaction which destroys the vessel wall. Since the polymerization is so rapid, it requires a skilled surgeon. During the procedure, the surgeon must flush the catheter before and after injecting the NBCA, or the agent will polymerize within the catheter. The catheter must also be withdrawn quickly or it will stick to the vessel. Oil can be mixed with NBCA to slow the rate of polymerization.
• ethiodol - Made from iodine and poppyseed oil, this is a highly viscous agent. It is usually used for chemoembolizations, especially for hepatomas, since these tumors absorb iodine. The half life is five days, so it only temporarily embolizes vessels.
Sclerosing agents - These will harden the endothelial lining of vessels. They require more time to react than the liquid embolic agents. Therefore, they cannot be used for large or high-flow vessels.
• ethanol - This permanent agent is very good for treating AVM. The alcohol does need some time to denature proteins of the endothelium and activate the coagulation system to cause a blood clot. Therefore, some surgeons will use a balloon occlusion catheter to stop the blood flow and allow time for ethanol to work. Ethanol is toxic to the system in large quantities and may cause compartment syndrome. In addition, the injections are painful.
• ethanolamine oleate - This permanent agent is used for sclerosing esophageal varices. It contains 2% benzyl alcohol, so it is less painful than ethanol. However it does cause hemolysis and renal failure in large doses.
• sotradecol - This agent is used for superficial lower extremity varicose veins. It has been around for a very long time and is a proven remedy. However, it does cause hyperpigmentation of the region in 30% of patients. It is less painful than ethanol.
Particulate embolic agents - These are only used for precapillary arterioles or small arteries. These are also very good for AVM deep within the body. The disadvantage is that they are not easily targeted in the vessel. None of these are radioopaque, so they are difficult to view with radiologic imaging unless they are soaked in contrast prior to injection.
• Gelfoam hemostasis - Temporarily occludes vessels for five weeks.[4] Works by absorbing liquid and plugging the vessel. Composed of water-insoluble gelatin, so the particles may travel distally and occlude smaller capillaries. One way to localize the injection of gelfoam is to make a gelfoam sandwich. A coil is placed at a precise location, then gelfoam is injected and lodged into the coil.
• polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - These are permanent agents. They are tiny balls 50-1200 um in size. The particles are not meant to mechanically occlude a vessel. Instead they cause an inflammatory reaction. Unfortunately, they have a tendency to clump together since the balls are not perfectly round. The clump can separate a few days later, failing as an embolic agent.
• acrylic gelatin microspheres - These are superior permanent particulate embolic agents. They are similar to PVA, but are perfectly round, so they do not clump together. The balls are fragile, so they may crack inside small catheters.
Mechanical occlusion devices - These fit in all vessels. They also have the advantage of accuracy of location; they are deployed exactly where the catheter ends.
• coils - These are used for AVF, aneurysms, or trauma. They are very good for fast-flowing vessels because they immediately clot the vessel. They are made from platinum or stainless steel. They induce clots due to the Dacron wool tails around the wire. The coil itself will not cause mechanical occlusion. Since it is made of metal, it is easily seen in radiographic images. The disadvantage is that large coils can disrupt the radiographic image. The coil may also lose its shape if the catheter is kinked. Also, there is a small risk of dislodging from the deployed location.
• detachable balloon - Treats AVF and aneurysms. These balloons are simply implanted in a target vessel, then filled with saline through a one-way valve. The blood stops and endothelium grows around the balloon until the vessel fibroses. The balloon may be hypertonic relative to blood and hence rupture and fail, or it may be hypotonic and shrink, migrating to a new location.
Advantages[edit]
• Minimally invasive
• No scarring
• Minimal risk of infection
• No or rare use of general anesthetic
• Faster recovery time
• High success rate compared to other procedures
• Preserves fertility and anatomical integrity
Disadvantages[edit]
• User dependent success rate
• Risk of emboli reaching healthy tissue potentially causing gastric, stomach or duodenal ulcers.[5] There are methods, techniques and devices that decrease the occurrence of this type of adverse side effect.[6]
• Not suitable for everyone
• Recurrence more likely
See also[edit]
References[edit]
1. ^ Chauleur C, Fanget C, Tourne G, Levy R, Larchez C, Seffert P; Fanget; Tourne; Levy; Larchez; Seffert (2008). "Serious primary post-partum hemorrhage, arterial embolization and future fertility: a retrospective study of 46 cases". Hum. Reprod. 23 (7): 1553–1559. doi:10.1093/humrep/den122. PMID 18460450.
2. ^ Whittingham-Jones, P.; Baloch, I.; Miles, J.; Ferris, B (2010). "Persistent haemarthrosis following total knee arthroplasty caused by unrecognised arterial injury". Grand Rounds 10: 51–54. doi:10.1102/1470-5206.2010.0010 (inactive 2015-01-12).
3. ^ Naji Alhamid1, Hani Alterky1, Mohammad Imad Othman2 (2011-02-05). "Renal artery embolization for managing uncontrolled hypertension in a kidney transplant candidate Alhamid N, Alterky H, Othman MI". Avicenna J Med. doi:10.4103/2231-0770.112791. Retrieved 2014-01-09.
4. ^ Gelfoam at Pfizer
5. ^ Carretero, C; Munoz-Navas, M; Betes, M; Angos, R; Subtil, JC; Fernandez-Urien, I; De La Riva, S; Sola, J; et al. (2007). "Gastroduodenal injury after radioembolization of hepatic tumors". The American journal of gastroenterology 102 (6): 1216–20. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01172.x. PMID 17355414.
6. ^ Arepally, A; Chomas, J; Kraitchman, D; Hong, K (2013). "Quantification and reduction of reflux during embolotherapy using an antireflux catheter and tantalum microspheres: Ex vivo analysis". Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR 24 (4): 575–80. doi:10.1016/j.jvir.2012.12.018. PMID 23462064.
External links[edit] | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Meizu
Meizu M3 Note Locked Screen
A graphic or digital key is one of the effective means to protect mobile devices from third parties. By setting the input code, you exclude the possibility of using your Meise by other people. However, if the user forgets the password, he himself will not be able to enter his smartphone. Similar cases are quite common. Therefore, we will consider how to unlock Meizu when losing a key.
Ways to Unlock Meizu Phones
Password reset on Meizu M3 Note, M5, M2 mini or any other device of this company can be done in several ways:
• Via your Google or Flyme account
• using SMS Bypass;
• via the ADB Run debug console
• through a full reset (hard reset).
All the above options have their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the need to pre-configure the gadget and certain conditions. There is no universal method for unlocking smartphones. Therefore, we consider each method in more detail.
Removing an enter key through a Google or Flyme account
Without exception, Meizu phones are running Android OS. However, direct interaction between the user and the mobile phone is carried out through the proprietary Flyme shell. Therefore, the devices of this manufacturer can be linked simultaneously to two virtual services. Google and Flyme. Such pairing is done through the gadget settings (section “Accounts”).
Among other things, synchronization with cloud disks allows you to reset the password on the Meizu M3 Note without any negative consequences. This is done as follows:
1. On the lock screen, enter the wrong code 5 times in a row.
2. After the inscription “Forgot the key?” Appears on the display, tap on it.
3. In the form that opens, enter the login and password from the Google or Flyme account to which Maze is attached.
When the device unlocks, come up with a new key or completely abandon such protection.
Password Removal Using SMS Bypass
Many owners of Android devices neglect the ability to synchronize with virtual services. And if you are one of them, you won’t be able to reset the code in the first way. In this case, the SMS Bypass application comes to the rescue.
Before you unlock the Meizu phone, if you forget the input password, you will need to install this utility on it. You cannot do this in the standard way, since you do not have access to the device menu. InstallAPK will help get out of this situation. It allows you to install mobile software on smartphones via PC:
1. Download SMS Bypass.apk and InstallAPK.exe to your computer.
2. Install and run the second application.
3. Connect to Meizu PC via USB cable.
4. In the program settings, select the receiving device and the switching method (USB or Wi-Fi).
5. Click on the previously downloaded SMS Bypass.apk file, thereby launching its installation.
When SMS Bypass is installed, send an SMS message with the text “1234 reset” from any phone to the blocked gadget. After restarting Meizu, the lock screen will consider any password entered to be correct.
The considered option of removing a graphic or digital key is relevant only for those cases when USB debugging is enabled on the mobile phone and software installation from unknown sources is allowed.
Using the ADB Run Debug Bridge
If USB debugging is active on the smartphone, but installation of third-party programs is prohibited, you can use the ADB Run debugging console to open access to the Meizu M5 and unlock the input screen.
For its normal operation, the drivers for your phone must be installed on the computer:
1. Download drivers for your Meise model from the Internet and unzip them to your PC.
2. Connect the switched off device to the computer via the USB cable.
3. Go to the “Device Manager” and in the “View” tab, check “Show hidden devices.”
4. Open the “Other devices” section. Call the properties of the connected device (the desired line will start with the version of the mobile processor) and click “Update”.
5. Select “Search on this computer” and specify the path to the unzipped folder.
After successfully installing the drivers, you can proceed directly to reset the password:
1. Turn on the smartphone without disconnecting it from the PC.
2. Download and run the ADB Run debug bridge.
3. The program interface resembles a standard Windows notepad. In the initial window, in the Input line, enter the number “6”, thereby choosing the function Unlock Gesture Key.
4. You will be offered four ways to unlock the Meizu main screen. To remove the pattern, select the first or second method. To delete the digital code, activate the third option. Metod 4 will help to remove the password on a rooted device.
After rebooting the mobile phone, the input key should disappear.
The ADB Run debug console works only with phones based on MediaTeK (MTK) chipsets. Until recently, it was this group of processors that Meise preferred. However, the new flagship Meizu M6 Note is controlled by Qualcomm CPU. Therefore, if you have lost the password for this particular gadget, forget about the ADB Run application.
Reset key with hard reset
The last way to unlock your Meizu phone is to completely reset your settings (follow the previous link for more detailed and complete instructions) Although this method is considered to be trouble-free, after its execution on the device, all user data (photos, contacts, notes, etc.) will disappear. And recovering lost information without a previously created backup will be impossible.
To reset the input password via hard reset:
1. Turn off your mobile phone completely.
2. Press the Power and Volume Up keys on it at the same time.
3. Once in the recovery environment Recovery, check Clear Data and click Start.
Meizu M3 Note Locked Screen
The phone will go into hard reset mode. After its completion, the OS on Meizu will roll back to the factory state. You will have to configure the device again and download the required software to it.
TURBION.NET 2021 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
How do I create a Mac OS restore point?
Who I am
Joel Fulleda
@joelfulleda
Author and references
Mac OS has its own recovery utility in case of problems: Time Machine. This software allows you to save all your files and recover them if they have been lost or damaged, but also after an operating system reset.
Once configured, Time Machine performs automatic backups to an external hard drive connected via USB, Thunderbolt or FireWire. If you don't want to dedicate an external hard drive to it, you can also use an AirPort Time Capsule, a shared Mac as a backup destination, or a NAS network-attached storage device.
How to Create a Mac OS Restore Point with Time Machine
1. Open them System Preferences.
2. Click on time Machine.
3. Press Choose a backup disk.
4. A list of possible backup destinations is displayed. Select the one of your choice by clicking on it.
5. Click on Encrypt backups if you want to guarantee the confidentiality of your data. Warning: this option will result in the formatting of the destination disk.
6. Then click Use the disc.
7. If the disk is not in a format compatible with Time Machine, the utility requests its formatting. This erases all data on the destination disk. When you are ready, click Clear.
Time Machine is now configured; it performs its backup points at regular intervals, as soon as the external disk is connected. In the options, you can exclude certain files or folders from the Time Machine backup to make it lighter.
Find other tutorials on Mac:
• How to install Windows on a Mac with Boot Camp?
• How to install Mac OS from a USB stick?
• How do I force software to quit on Mac?
• How to reset Mac OS?
• How to update your Mac?
add a comment of How do I create a Mac OS restore point?
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학술논문
Seamlessly and Coherently Locating Interesting Mirrors on the Web
저자
Neilze Dorta, Pierre Sens, Christian Khoury
학술지정보
발행정보
2003년
피인용횟수
0
자료제공처
DOAJ
주제분야
공학 > 컴퓨터공학, 공학 > 전자/정보통신공학
키워드
Replication, Large Scale Locating Service, Epidemic Protocol, Filtering Information, Mirrors, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95, Instruments and machines, QA71-90, Mathematics, QA1-939, Science, DOAJ:Computer Science, DOAJ:Technology and Engineering
초록
Nowadays, the World Wide Web is used mostly as a common medium for information sharing. Therefore, locating an object on this large scale dynamic medium tends to be more and more difficult. Content Distribution Networks, e.g. Akamai, and global naming services, e.g. Globe, do more or less than what is required by most users. In this paper, we are interested in discovering, advertising, and transparently locating interesting mirrors of interest to a group of users. Our solution, AR , is user-centric; it uses cooperation among organizations to discover, publicize and locate coherently new mirrors that are of interest to them. Access transparency is achieved through a naming service that manages the different aliases for the same replica. Consistency guarantees are given to each user that no document delivered would be older than the one viewed before. The system scales geographically due to the epidemic and asynchronous nature of the cooperation protocol. We propose a methodology for creating homogeneous groups with common interests, using collected Web traces, then give a glimpse of the potential benefits made by using AR . It opens a path towards making mirroring ubiquitous, hence fostering a better use of the Internet and its resources. A prototype has been implemented in Java and will be used, in the future, in real-world tests for more accurate and realistic results.
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Talk:Gratin dauphinois
potatoes à la dauphinoise
For the records, I'm french and never heard the name potatoes à la dauphinoise in french. Never. Ever... Potatoes is an english word, not used in french (at least with this recepie) --RawWriter (talk) 21:44, 4 February 2020 (UTC)
* Well, duh. Maikel (talk) 22:51, 6 March 2020 (UTC)
* Thanks for the input. Your personal experiences aren't relevant. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:52, 29 November 2020 (UTC)
* In British English this dish is normally called 'Potatoes Dauphinoise' or 'Dauphinoise Potatoes', which is definitely Franglais not French. --Ef80 (talk) 17:46, 24 October 2022 (UTC)
Abracadabra
Quote: cooked in a buttered dish rubbed with garlic
I challenge anyone to rub a buttered dish with garlic. How do you do that? Utter hocus pocus. BTW buttering the dish doesn't help it come out of the dish after baking any easier, if that was the idea. Maikel (talk) 22:51, 6 March 2020 (UTC)
* The garlic is rubbed onto the dish before the butter. Hope that helps. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:55, 29 November 2020 (UTC) | WIKI |
Natural Gas Weekly Price Forecast – Natural Gas Plunges for the Week
FXEmpire.com -
Natural Gas Price Forecast Video for 13.11.23
Natural Gas Weekly Technical Analysis
Natural gas markets have fallen rather hard during the course of the trading week, falling down toward the $3.00 level, an area that should be significant support. The size of the candlestick is of course a very negative sign, but at the same time, there are a lot of questions as to whether or not we are going to have the cyclical trade anytime soon.
When you look at this chart, it’s easy to see that we had broken out pretty significantly during the past couple of months, so this pullback, albeit a bit rough this week, still makes quite a bit of sense considering that it was just a few months ago that we were down in the $2.50 range. Colder temperatures are coming, and that of course will drive up the idea of demand, therefore it’s likely that the market will continue to see upward pressure over the longer term. At this point, I’m waiting for signs of support that I can take advantage of, and therefore I think the longer-term traders are simply going to be looking for value. Whether or not we get it in the short term remains to be seen, but I certainly think that it could very well present itself.
The biggest problem that natural gas is facing at the moment is that people are finally waking up to the idea that there is a recession, but the lack of supply in the European Union this winter is going to be a major bullish sign for natural gas over the longer term, and therefore I think it’s probably only a matter of time before we do rally again. If we can break above the 50-Week EMA, or by extension take out the top of this candlestick, it’s very likely that natural gas will go looking to the 200-Week EMA next.
For a look at all of today’s economic events, check out our economic calendar.
This article was originally posted on FX Empire
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The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
List of French novelists
This is a list of novelists from France. Novelists in this list should be notable in some way, and have Wikipedia articles on them.
See also French novelists Category Index.
Born before 1800
* Antoine de la Sale (1385-1460/61)
* Philippe Camus (writer) (fl. 15th century)
* Sébastien Mamerot (between c. 1418 and 1440-1490)
* Dr. François Rabelais (between 1483 and 1494-1553)
* François de Belleforest (1530–1 January 1583)
* François Béroalde de Verville (27 April 1556 – 19–26 October 1626)
* Nicolas de Montreux (c. 1561–1608)
* Marie de Gournay (1565-1645)
* Honoré d'Urfé (1568–1625)
* Antoine de Nervèze (c. 1570-after 1622)
* François du Souhait (between 1570 and 1580–1617)
* Jean Ogier de Gombauld (1576–1666)
* Charles Sorel (c. 1602–1674)
* Madeleine de Scudéry (1607–1701)
* Madame de Lafayette (1634–1693), author of La Princesse de Clèves
* Alain-René Le Sage (1668–1747)
* Pierre de Marivaux (1688–1763)
* Voltaire (1694–1778), philosophe, satirist, playwright, author of Candide
* Françoise de Graffigny (1695–1758), author of Lettres d'une Péruvienne
* Abbé Prévost (1697–1763), author of Manon Lescaut
* Claude Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon (1707–1777)
* Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778), philosophe, author of Julie, or the New Heloise
* Denis Diderot (1713–1784), philosophe, author of Rameau's Nephew
* Marie Jeanne Riccoboni (1714–1792)
* Restif de la Bretonne (1734–1806)
* Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (1737–1814), author of Paul et Virginie
* Marquis de Sade (1740–1814), author of "Dialogue Between a Priest and a Dying Man", Justine, The 120 Days of Sodom, Philosophy in the Bedroom, and Juliette
* Choderlos de Laclos (1741–1803), author of Les Liaisons dangereuses
* Anne Louise Germaine de Staël (1766–1817)
* Benjamin Constant (1767–1830), author of Adolphe
* Sophie de Renneville (1772–1822), writer, editor, journalist
* François-René de Chateaubriand (1768–1848), author of Atala and René
* Étienne Pivert de Senancour (1770–1846)
* Charles Nodier (1780–1844)
* Stendhal (1783–1842), author of The Red and the Black, considered by some to be the first modern novel, and The Charterhouse of Parma
* Élise Voïart, (1786–1866), writer and translator
* Charles Paul de Kock (1793–1871)
* Antoinette Henriette Clémence Robert (1797–1872)
* Charles Dezobry (1798–1871), historian and historical novelist
* Honoré de Balzac (1799–1850), author of La Comédie Humaine, a series of novels presenting a full picture of France in the early 19th century
Born 1800–1900
* Alexandre Dumas, père (1802–1870), author of The Count of Monte Cristo and The Three Musketeers
* Victor Hugo (1802–1885), author of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame and Les Misérables
* Prosper Mérimée (1803–1870), author of Carmen
* Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve (1804–1869)
* George Sand (1804–1876), pseudonym of Amantine Aurore Lucile Dupin, Baroness Dudevant
* Eugène Sue (1804–1857)
* Jules Amédée Barbey d'Aurevilly (1808–1889)
* Alfred de Musset (1810–1857)
* Théophile Gautier (1811–1872)
* Gustave Flaubert (1821–1880), author of Madame Bovary and Sentimental Education
* Edmond de Goncourt (1822–1896)
* Henri Murger (1822–1861), author of Scènes de la vie de bohème
* Alexandre Dumas, fils (1824–1895), author of La Dame aux camélias
* Edmond About (1828–1885)
* Jules Verne (1828–1905), writer of techno-thrillers like Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas, and founding father of science fiction
* Pauline Cassin Caro (1828/34/35 - 1901), novelist
* Jules de Goncourt (1830–1870)
* Hector Malot (1830–1907)
* Émile Gaboriau (1832–1873), pioneer of modern detective fiction
* Jules Vallès (1832-1885)
* Eugène Le Roy (1836–1907)
* Alphonse Daudet (1840–1897)
* Émile Zola (1840–1902), naturalist, author of Germinal and Nana
* Anatole France (1844–1924)
* Léon Bloy (1846–1917)
* Brada (1847-1938)
* Joris-Karl Huysmans (1848–1907), author of À rebours and Là-bas
* Guy de Maupassant (1850–1893)
* Pierre Loti (1850–1923)
* Élémir Bourges (1852–1925)
* Paul Bourget (1852–1935)
* René Bazin (1853–1932)
* Adolphe Chenevière (1855–19??)
* Claude Ferval (1856–1943)
* Maurice Barrès (1862–1923)
* Henri de Régnier (1864–1936)
* Jules Renard (1864–1910)
* Mathilde Alanic (1864–1948)
* Marie Léra (1864–1958)
* Juliette Heuzey (1865–1952)
* Romain Rolland (1866–1944), Nobel Prize in Literature, 1915
* Gaston Leroux (1868–1927), author of The Phantom of the Opera and The Mystery of the Yellow Room which is recognized as the first locked room puzzle mystery novel
* Gabrielle Réval (1869–1938)
* André Gide (1869–1951)
* Henry Bordeaux (1870–1963)
* Marcel Proust (1871–1922), author of In Search of Lost Time, sometimes seen as the greatest modernist novel
* Colette (1873–1954), best known for Gigi and Chéri
* Alfred Jarry (1873–1907), satirist, inventor of Pataphysics
* Jeanne Landre (1874–1936), journalist, critic and novelist
* Fanny Clar (1875–1944)
* Louisa Emily Dobrée (fl. c. 1877–1917)
* Roger Martin du Gard (1881–1958), Nobel Prize in Literature, 1937
* Louis Pergaud (1882–1915)
* Rose Combe (1883–1932)
* Georges Duhamel (1884–1966)
* François Mauriac (1885–1970), Nobel Prize in Literature, 1952
* Jules Romains (1885–1972)
* Alain-Fournier (1886–1914)
* Ève Paul-Margueritte (1885-1971)
* Lucie Paul-Margueritte (1886-1955)
* René Maran (1887-1960)
* Georges Bernanos (1888–1948)
* Adrien Bertrand (1888–1917)
* Henri Bosco (1888–1976)
* Pierre Drieu La Rochelle (1893–1945), author of Gilles and The Fire Within
* Louis Ferdinand Céline (1894–1961), author of Journey to the End of the Night and Death on the Installment Plan or Mort à Crédit
* Rose Celli (1895–1982)
* Henri de Montherlant (1895–1972)
* Jean Giono (1895–1970)
Born in or after 1900
* Julien Green (1900–1998)
* Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (1900–1944)
* Nathalie Sarraute (1900–1999)
* André Malraux (1901–1976)
* Marie-Magdeleine Carbet (1902-1996)
* Irène Némirovsky (1903–1942), author of Suite française
* Raymond Queneau (1903–1976)
* Pierre Herbart (1903–1974)
* Marguerite Yourcenar (1903–1987)
* Raymond Radiguet (1903–1923)
* Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980), Nobel Prize in Literature, 1964
* Jeanine Delpech (1905-1992)
* Louise Aslanian (1906–1945), pseudonym "Las", author of "The Way of doubt".
* Pauline Réage (1907–1998)
* Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986)
* Paul Berna (1908–1994)
* Alix André (1909-2000)
* Jean Genet (1910–1986)
* Jean-Louis Baghio'o (1910-1994)
* Raphaël Tardon (1911-1967)
* Henri Troyat (1911–2007)
* Pierre Boulle (1912–1994), author of The Bridge on the River Kwai and Planet of the Apes
* Albert Camus (1913–1960), Nobel Prize in Literature, 1957
* Gilbert Cesbron (1913–1979)
* Claude Simon (1913–2005), Nobel Prize in Literature, 1985
* Romain Gary (1914–1980), winner of the Goncourt prize twice, 1956, and 1975 under the pseudonym of Emile Ajar
* Marguerite Duras (1914–1996)
* Joseph Zobel (1915-2006)
* Maurice Druon (1918–2009)
* Boris Vian (1920–1959)
* Alain Robbe-Grillet (1922–2008)
* Salvat Etchart (1924-1985)
* Michel Tournier (1924-2016)
* Philippe Daudy (1925–1994)
* Michel Butor (1926-2016)
* Édouard Glissant (1928-2011)
* André Schwarz-Bart (1928-2006)
* Sébastien Japrisot (1931–2003)
* Emmanuelle Arsan (1932-2005)
* Jean Bernabé (1942-2017)
* Régine Deforges (1935-2014)
* Françoise Sagan (1935–2004)
* Georges Perec (1936–1982)
* Maryse Condé (born 1937)
* J.M.G. Le Clézio (born 1940), Nobel Prize in Literature, 2008
* Annie Ernaux (born 1940), Nobel Prize in Literature, 2022
* Marie-Reine de Jaham (born 1940)
* Patrick Modiano (born 1945), Nobel Prize in Literature, 2014
* Daniel Maximin (born 1947)
* Raphaël Confiant (born 1951)
* Carole Achache (1952–2016)
* Kama Sywor Kamanda(born 1952)
* Patrick Chamoiseau (born 1953)
* Nancy Huston (born 1953)
* Gisèle Pineau (born 1956)
* Fred Vargas (born 1957)
* Michel Houellebecq (born 1958), Impact award winner
* Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt (born 1960)
* Charles Dantzig (born 1961)
* Pavel Hak (born 1962)
* Beatrice Hammer (born 1963)
* Nadine Ribault (1964–2021)
* Sedef Ecer (born 1965)
* Jeanne-A Debats (born 1965)
* Basile Panurgias (born 1967)
* Fabienne Kanor (born 1970)
* Laurent Binet (born 1972)
* Maëlle Guillaud (born 1974)
* Tristan Garcia (born 1981) | WIKI |
Eli Morse Farm
The Eli Morse Farm is a historic farm on Lake Road in Dublin, New Hampshire. It is one of the earliest settlements in the town, settled by Eli Morse in 1764, and has been in the hands of just two families. Its transformation to summer resort use was one of the first in the Dublin Pond area. The farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
Description and history
The Eli Morse Farm is located on the south side of Lake Road, extending southward from the outlet of Dublin Pond at its southwest corner. The property is more than 200 acre in size, including areas of both open fields and woodlands. The main house is a large Federal style brick structure built c. 1822 by Eli Morse's son Thaddeus. Additions were made to the house in 1886, including a porch and front portico. The farmstead includes several outbuildings, including a barn, grist mill, and several cottages.
This land was settled in 1764 by Eli Morse, one of Dublin's first permanent settlers. Morse served as a clerk of the community and left an invaluable record of Dublin's early history. His son Thaddeus, who built the house, was also active in civic affairs, serving as town selectman and in other offices. His son, Thaddeus Jr., opened the house as a boarding house for summer guests in 1857, one of the first such uses of an agricultural property near Dublin Pond. Morse's heirs sold the property to Mrs Sarah Peele, and the property has remained in the hands of her descendants since then.
The farm is also notable as the summer estate of New York City lawyer and diplomat Grenville Clark, who acquired the property after marrying a Peele granddaughter. Clark organized a peace conference in 1945, held at this site, at which attendees drafted the Dublin Declaration, calling for the United Nations to be created as a world government. The Clark family continues to own the property, maintaining for agricultural and conservation purposes. | WIKI |
Comparisons Wiki
Pyelonephritis vs. Glomerulonephritis
Edited by Muazma Batool — By Muneeza Rehman — Updated on September 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys; glomerulonephritis involves inflammation of the kidney's filtering units.
Pyelonephritis vs. Glomerulonephritis
Difference Between Pyelonephritis and Glomerulonephritis
In terms of management, pyelonephritis primarily requires antibiotics to combat the bacterial infection, with the type and duration of treatment depending on the severity of the infection. In contrast, the management of glomerulonephritis is more varied and may involve immunosuppressive medications, blood pressure management, and, in severe cases, renal replacement therapy.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
While pyelonephritis is more linked with bacterial invasion and subsequent infection, glomerulonephritis is generally associated with immune or systemic disorders and can be a manifestation of diseases like lupus or diabetes. Pyelonephritis typically presents with symptoms such as fever, flank pain, and urinary discomfort, whereas glomerulonephritis might exhibit symptoms like hematuria, proteinuria, and hypertension.
Muazma Batool
Sep 22, 2023
Diagnostic approaches for pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis also differ. Pyelonephritis diagnosis primarily involves urine cultures and imaging to confirm the presence of infection, while the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis may necessitate kidney biopsy, urine tests, and blood tests to assess kidney function and identify the underlying cause of inflammation.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis are both conditions affecting the kidneys, but they originate from different causes and affect different parts of the kidneys. Pyelonephritis is primarily a bacterial infection usually originating from a urinary tract infection, targeting the pelvis region of the kidneys. On the other hand, glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli, the kidney's small filtering units, often due to an abnormal immune response.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis vs. Glomerulonephritis Comparison Chart
Definition
Bacterial infection of the kidneys.
Inflammation of the kidney's glomeruli.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Cause
Typically caused by bacteria.
Often due to an abnormal immune response or systemic disorders.
Muazma Batool
Sep 22, 2023
Affected part of kidney
Affects the renal pelvis.
Affects the glomeruli.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Treatment
Requires antibiotics.
May involve immunosuppressive medications or renal replacement therapy.
Henry
Sep 22, 2023
Diagnostic methods
Involves urine cultures and imaging.
Involves kidney biopsy, urine, and blood tests.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis vs. Glomerulonephritis Definitions
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis is an inflammatory kidney condition due to bacterial infection.
Early diagnosis of pyelonephritis can prevent renal damage.
Muazma Batool
Sep 22, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis is the inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys.
The patient’s reduced renal function was attributed to glomerulonephritis.
Leo
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis usually originates from a urinary tract infection.
If left untreated, a simple UTI can lead to pyelonephritis.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis requires comprehensive management, possibly including immunosuppressive medication.
Managing glomerulonephritis effectively prevented further renal impairment in the patient.
Levi
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis often affects the renal pelvis of the kidney.
Imaging studies revealed pyelonephritis in the patient’s left renal pelvis.
Olivia
Sep 22, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis can be acute or chronic.
Acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis can occur after certain infections.
Muazma Batool
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis is primarily treated with antibiotics.
Timely antibiotic treatment resolved the patient’s pyelonephritis.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis often involves immune processes affecting kidney function.
The abnormal immune response in glomerulonephritis can damage the kidneys over time.
Henry
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis can present with symptoms like fever and flank pain.
The patient’s fever and flank pain were indicative of pyelonephritis.
Muazma Batool
Sep 22, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis may manifest with hematuria and proteinuria.
Laboratory tests revealed proteinuria and hematuria, suggesting glomerulonephritis.
Elijah
Sep 22, 2023
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney and its pelvis, caused by bacterial infection.
Muneeza Rehman
May 03, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
A form of nephritis characterized by inflammation of the renal glomeruli.
Muneeza Rehman
May 03, 2023
Pyelonephritis
(pathology) An ascending urinary tract infection of the renal pelvis
Muneeza Rehman
May 03, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
(medicine) A form of nephritis characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli.
Muneeza Rehman
May 03, 2023
Pyelonephritis
inflammation of the kidney and its pelvis caused by bacterial infection
Muneeza Rehman
May 03, 2023
Glomerulonephritis
nephritis marked by inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney; characterized by decreased production of urine and by the presence of blood and protein in the urine and by edema
Muneeza Rehman
May 03, 2023
Pyelonephritis vs. Glomerulonephritis Frequently Asked Questions
Does pyelonephritis originate from UTIs?
Pyelonephritis usually originates from untreated or inadequately treated urinary tract infections.
Kaitlyn
Sep 22, 2023
What is pyelonephritis?
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Is there a cure for glomerulonephritis?
The management of glomerulonephritis focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing progression, with cure dependent on underlying cause.
Kaitlyn
Sep 22, 2023
How is glomerulonephritis diagnosed?
Glomerulonephritis is diagnosed through kidney biopsy, urine tests, and blood tests.
Muazma Batool
Sep 22, 2023
Can pyelonephritis be cured with antibiotics?
Yes, antibiotics are the primary treatment for pyelonephritis to combat the bacterial infection.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Can glomerulonephritis be a hereditary condition?
Yes, some forms of glomerulonephritis can have a genetic component and run in families.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
What is glomerulonephritis?
Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the kidney's glomeruli, often due to immune or systemic disorders.
Muazma Batool
Sep 22, 2023
How is pyelonephritis diagnosed?
Pyelonephritis is diagnosed through urine cultures and imaging studies.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Can glomerulonephritis lead to kidney failure?
Yes, if left untreated, glomerulonephritis can lead to chronic kidney disease or kidney failure.
Olivia
Sep 22, 2023
Is pyelonephritis more common in women?
Yes, women are more susceptible to pyelonephritis due to the shorter urethra and proximity to the anus.
Muneeza Rehman
Sep 22, 2023
Content Creators
Written by
Muneeza Rehman
At Comparisons.wiki, Muneeza skillfully navigates the vast sea of information, ensuring clarity and accuracy as the lead content editor. With a keen eye for detail, she curates every comparison to enlighten and engage readers.
Edited by
Muazma Batool
As a content editor, Muazma Batool is not just a grammar guru but a creative mastermind who breathes life into every word. With an eagle eye for detail and a passion for storytelling, she transforms bland text into engaging content that captivates audiences and drives results.
Popular Comparisons
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Understanding the Functionality and Features of Digital Meters
Introduction to Digital Meters
Welcome to the digital age, where technology continues to revolutionize every aspect of our lives. From smartphones to smart homes, we are surrounded by innovative gadgets that make our lives easier and more efficient. One such gadget that has made significant advancements is the humble meter. Gone are the days of deciphering analog dials and squinting at blurry numbers. Enter the era of Digital Meter – sleek, accurate, and user-friendly devices that have transformed how we measure and monitor various parameters.
In this blog post, we will delve into the fascinating world of digital meters, exploring their functionality and highlighting their impressive features. Whether you’re a DIY enthusiast looking for a reliable tool or a professional seeking precise measurements in your field of work, understanding these modern marvels will undoubtedly pique your interest. So let’s dive in and unravel the wonders of digital meters!
Types of Digital Meters
Types of Digital Meters
Digital meters come in various types, each designed to measure and display different parameters. Let’s take a look at some of the most common types:
1. Voltmeters: These digital meters are used to measure the voltage in an electrical circuit. They provide accurate readings and can be easily calibrated.
2. Ammeters: Used to measure electric current flow, ammeters are crucial for monitoring power consumption and ensuring safety in electrical systems.
3. Ohmmeters: As the name suggests, ohmmeters are used to measure resistance in electrical circuits. They help troubleshoot faults by identifying open or short circuits.
4. Frequency Counters: These meters accurately determine the frequency of an electronic signal, making them essential for testing and analyzing waveforms.
5. Power Quality Analyzers: Designed for industrial applications, these advanced digital meters monitor parameters like harmonics, voltage fluctuations, and power factor to ensure optimal performance.
6. Energy Meters: Used mainly by utility companies or homeowners with solar panels, energy meters track energy consumption over a specific period for billing or efficiency purposes.
7.
Temperature Meters : These digital thermometers offer precise temperature measurement across a wide range of applications including HVAC systems and scientific research.
Each type of digital meter has its unique features that cater to specific needs within various industries.
Advantages of Digital Meters over Analog Meters
Advantages of Digital Meters over Analog Meters
Digital meters have revolutionized the way we measure and monitor various parameters, offering numerous advantages over traditional analog meters. Here are some key benefits of digital meters:
1. Accuracy: One of the most significant advantages of digital meters is their high level of accuracy. Unlike analog meters that can be affected by factors like temperature and wear, digital meters provide precise measurements, ensuring more reliable data.
2. Easy Readability: Digital displays offer clear and easy-to-read measurements compared to analog dials or needles. The numerical readings on a digital meter eliminate any ambiguity or guesswork associated with interpreting needle positions on an analog meter.
3. Enhanced Functionality: Digital meters often come equipped with additional features such as data logging, trend analysis, and connectivity options for transferring data to external devices or computer systems. This functionality allows for easier tracking and analysis of measurements over time.
4. Greater Range: Digital meters typically have a wider measurement range than their analog counterparts, making them suitable for a broader range of applications. They can accurately measure both low and high values without requiring multiple instruments.
5. Durability: With no moving parts like gears or springs that can wear out over time, digital meters tend to be more durable and long-lasting than analog ones.
6. Cost-Effective: While initial costs may be higher for digital meters compared to analog models, they often prove to be cost-effective in the long run due to their enhanced accuracy and durability, reducing maintenance requirements and replacement costs.
7.
Time-Saving Features: Many digital meters offer convenient features like auto-ranging or auto-zeroing capabilities that simplify measurement processes and save valuable time during testing or troubleshooting tasks.
The functionalities offered by digital mete rs make them indispensable tools across various industries such as electrical engineering, automotive diagnostics,and energy management systems among others.
Their improved accuracy,easy readability ,enhanced functionality,and suitabilityfor different measuring ranges make them a preferred choice over traditional analog meters. As technology continues to advance, | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
【BPI:bit入门系列】蜂鸣器不同频率的发音状况
这其实就是一个检测蜂鸣器，在不同的频率下发出声音的检测代码，十分简单
• 代码如下：
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <NeoPixelBus.h>
#define LEDC_CHANNEL_0 0
#define LEDC_TIMER_13_BIT 13
#define Buzzer 25
#define brightness 128
int BuzzerTestFreq = 0;
int LEDC_BASE_FREQ = 200;
void ledcAnalogWrite(uint8_t channel, uint32_t value)
{
// calculate duty, 8191 from 2 ^ 13 - 1 (2 ^ LEDC_TIMER_13_BIT - 1)
//value_MAX = 255
uint32_t duty = (8191 / 255) * value;
// write duty to LEDC
ledcWrite(channel, duty);
}
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200);
}
void loop()
{
ledcSetup(LEDC_CHANNEL_0, LEDC_BASE_FREQ, LEDC_TIMER_13_BIT);
ledcAttachPin(Buzzer, LEDC_CHANNEL_0);
LEDC_BASE_FREQ = LEDC_BASE_FREQ + 10;
// set the brightness on LEDC channel 0
ledcAnalogWrite(LEDC_CHANNEL_0, brightness);
delay(1000);
Serial.print("Freq:");
Serial.print(LEDC_BASE_FREQ);
Serial.print(" Duty:");
Serial.print(brightness/2.55);
Serial.println();
ledcAnalogWrite(LEDC_CHANNEL_0, 0);
}
使用串口工具，连接bit板，串口配置为115200-8-N-1，就会接收到bit板返回的数据，主要包括当前频率（Freq）还有当前占空比（Duty）代码里面是占空比不变，频率递加，并且没有设置上限。github地址 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The Nestorians and their rituals, volume 2.djvu/89
Rh words: "No man hath ascended up to heaven, but He that came down from heaven, even the Son of Man which is in heaven."
It is proper to note, however, that § 6. o. begins with the words the Invisible or Hidden Will, applied to the of. Exception might justly be made against this appellative, which is of frequent occurrence in the Nestorian rituals, did it stand alone, for alone it seems to teach that not the Word, but the Will of, as an attribute or property of the Godhead, was that which became incarnate. The term is hardly a safe one, but the following extract from a hymn in the Khâmees, and appointed to be read on the Feast of the Ascension, is sufficient to show that the Nestorians hold no such heresy, but use the appellative when speaking of the second Person of the glorious in the same sense as in Scripture the name, "Word of " is applied to Him.—"The Invisible Will has returned to His own, and has ascended up to the heaven of heavens. The gates of the sky were opened unto Him, and the planets were confounded in their courses. … The of the Essence of the glorious has ascended." In this quotation, the titles "Invisible Will," and the " of the Essence of the glorious ," are evidently cognate or commutable terms denoting the second Person incarnate, and not a mere attribute of the Divinity. There is also a coincidence between the extract just quoted and that referred to in § 6. o., which clearly shows that the two appellatives refer to the Person of the. The latter begins with "the Invisible Will descended," and the former with "the Invisible Will returned to His own." And the Warda, in a poem on "the man who went down from Jerusalem to Jericho," has the following clear declaration bearing on the same subject: "If the was in Him, and He in the, who can draw a distinction between Him and the , but such as deny the , and have Satan for their teacher?"
The doctrine of the perfect humanity of the is so firmly held by the Nestorians, that if they are in error, it arises from their steadfast resolution to hold this truth whole and undefiled. His immaculate conception by the of the Virgin | WIKI |
Dash Air Vents Stay in Defrost Position (Older Cars)
Step by step guide on how to repair air vents that stay in the defrost position, this article pertains to older vehicles using a vacuum operated heater/air conditioner systems.
Difficulty Scale: 3 of 10
Tools and Supplies Needed
• Flashlight
• Protective eye wear and clothing
• Rubber vacuum line
Before you begin, park the car on level ground, with the emergency brake set, engine "OFF"
Step 1 - Older heater/defroster systems use a vacuum hose that supplies a control valve in the climate control panel with vacuum, this hose can break due to the extreme heat of the engine compartment.
Lift your hood and inspect the vacuum hose or tube that leads from the engine intake manifold or vacuum supply manifold to the passenger's side firewall.
Broken Heater System Vacuum Line
Step 2
- Use the rubber vacuum tube to insert it over the broken part of the plastic tube.
Inserting Rubber Vacuum Line
Step 3 - Locate the other end of the broken vacuum tube and insert in into the rubber line.
Insert Broken Plastic Tube
Step 4
- Once both ends have been inserted into the rubber line double check for any other line breaks.
Vacuum Line Repaired
Step 4
- These vacuum lines continue from the engine to under the dash and onto the heater box plenum and should be intact and in good working order, (After starting the engine give the system a second to react as vacuum fills the system reservoir).
Vacuum Tube and Control Servo
Helpful Information
If you can hear vacuum escaping (hissing sound) from near or around the dash while the engine is running, vacuum is escaping.
If the vents move to the defrost position when you are traveling up a hill or under heavy throttle the vacuum check valve has failed and needs replacement. To check for this condition locate the system check valve which is located under the hood and remove it. Once the valve has been removed try to blowing through it in both directions, you should be able to only blow through it in one direction, if air flows in both directions the valve has failed.
Engine vacuum is used to control the vent position using a simple control valve and vacuum storage tank to operate vacuum controlled servos which move various air blend doors inside the air management housing or plenum.
Servos utilize a return spring that forces the return when vacuum is not applied.
When the engine vacuum supply is lost, the vent control system defaults to the "defrost mode" as a safety precaution.
Best Practices
• Avoid using tape or glue to repair a vacuum line
Article first published | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Magpie (butterfly)
Protoploea apatela, the magpie, is a species of nymphalid butterfly in the Danainae subfamily.
It is monotypic within the genus Protoploea.
Distribution
Protoploea apatela is endemic to montane New Guinea island, found in Papua New Guinea, and in Western New Guinea of Indonesia.
It is a near threatened species on the IUCN Red List. | WIKI |
Code snippets for symfony 1.x
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Snippets tagged "range"
Simulating a BETWEEN construct
This was asked on the forum, so I thought I would place it here too.
Problem
Suppose you have a model that resembles the following:
range:
id:
start_date: {type: date}
end_date: {type: date}
And you want to know the following: are there any records where either $date1 or $date2 is between start_date and end_date?
Consider that $date2 could be some fixed $offset from $date1, so that the question becomes: are there any records which partially cover the $offset period following $date1?
Using Criterion Objects
Since the BETWEEN construct is unavailable through Propel (at least not as an object or constant), we have to use the knowledge that:
if
a >= x
and
a <= y
then
x <= a <= y
Which gives us:
$c = new Criteria();
$date1 = '2007-08-20';
$date2 = '2008-08-20';
// test against date1
$date1Criterion = $c->getNewCriterion(RangePeer::START_DATE, $date1, Criteria::LESS_EQUAL);
// test against date2
$date2Criterion = $c->getNewCriterion(RangePeer::START_DATE, $date2, Criteria::LESS_EQUAL);
// conjunction
$date1Criterion->addAnd($c->getNewCriterion(RangePeer::END_DATE, $date1, Criteria::GREATER_EQUAL));
$date2Criterion->addAnd($c->getNewCriterion(RangePeer::END_DATE, $date2, Criteria::GREATER_EQUAL));
// disjunction
$date1Criterion->addOr($date2Criterion);
$c->add($date1Criterion);
Using Criteria::CUSTOM
Or if you absolutely must have your BETWEEN, try this:
$c = new Criteria();
$date1 = '2007-08-20';
$date2 = '2008-08-20';
$c->add(RangePeer::START_DATE, "'{$date1}' between ".RangePeer::START_DATE." and ".RangePeer::END_DATE, Criteria::CUSTOM);
$c->addOr(RangePeer::START_DATE, "'{$date2}' between ".RangePeer::START_DATE." and ".RangePeer::END_DATE, Criteria::CUSTOM);
Note that the first arguments to Criteria::add() and Criteria::addOr() can be any column, but they must be the same column.
Note also that when providing the argument, {$dateN} appears between single quotes. It must appear quoted (and escaped) in order for this query to return correct (or any) results.
by Jesse Dhillon on 2007-08-22, tagged between criteria criterion date mysql propel query range
(2 comments)
select_range_tag() for admin generator
Sometimes you may want to give the user the possibility to select a certain range of numbers in a numeric field in the admin generator. An example would be a rating between 1 and 5. This is where this snippet comes in handy.
Add the helper code below to one of your helper groups, that preferably is included in your standard_helpers. Then you can use it like in your generator.yml like follows:
generator:
...
param:
...
edit:
display: [..., percentage, ...]
fields:
...
percentage: { type: select_range_tag, params: min=0 max=100 step=5 }
Supplying a step is optional, it defaults to 1.
Helper code:
function select_range_tag($name, $selected, $options)
{
$options = _parse_attributes($options);
$select_options = range(_get_option($options, 'min', 1), _get_option($options, 'max', 5), _get_option($options, 'step', 1));
return select_tag($name, options_for_select(array_combine($select_options, $select_options), $selected));
}
function object_select_range_tag($object, $method, $options = array(), $default_value = null)
{
$options = _parse_attributes($options);
$value = _get_object_value($object, $method, $default_value);
return select_range_tag(_convert_method_to_name($method, $options), $value, $options);
}
by Martin on 2007-05-07, tagged admin generator input range select tag | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The New International Encyclopædia/Paulding, Hiram
PAUL'DING, (1797-1878). An American naval officer. He was born in New York City, entered the United States Navy as a midshipman iu 1811, participated in the battle of Lake Champlain (September 11, 1814), receiving a vote of thanks and a sword from Congress for his services, served under Commodore Decatur against the Barbary Powers in 1815, and in the following year was promoted to a lieutenancy. He accompanied Commodore Porter on an expedition against the West Indian pirates in 1822-23, acting as first lieutenant of the Sea Gull, said to have been the first steamer ever used for purposes of war; served on the Dolphin in 1826 when that vessel was sent to the Mulgrave Islands in search of the mutineers of the American whale ship Globe; cruised in the East Indies, in command of the Vincennes, from 1844 to 1847; was in command of the Washington Navy Yard from 1851 to 1854; and from 1854 to 1857 was commander of the home squadron, at the time the highest position in the navy. For arresting the filibuster Walker (see ) at Greytown, Nicaragua, in December, 1857, he was relieved from command by President Buchanan, though the Republic of Nicaragua, in recognition of his services, presented him with a sword and a large tract of valuable land, which latter Congress did not allow him to accept. On the outbreak of the Civil War he was ordered to Washington to assist Secretary Welles of the Navy Department, and in April, 1861, proceeded to Norfolk and destroyed the navy yard there. Having passed the age limit of sixty-two years, he was technically retired in December, 1861. In the following year he was promoted to the recently created grade of rear-admiral, on the retired list, and subsequently was commandant of the New York Navy Yard from 1862 to 1866, in which position he rendered important services to the Government by sending many vessels and thousands of men to the front; was Governor of the Naval Asylum in Philadelphia from 1866 to 1869, and was port admiral at Boston from 1870 to 1871. He published a Journal of a Cruise Among the Islands of the Pacific (1831). Consult a biographical sketch by Meade in Harper's New Monthly Magazine, vol. lviii. (New York, 1879). | WIKI |
Page:A Voyage of Discovery and Research in the Southern and Antarctic Regions Vol 1.djvu/446
346 Two of these forms are new; two have also been observed in the North, and one is distributed extensively over the earth.
The distinguishing characters of the seven new genera collected in the course of the voyage, viz. Anaulus, Asteromphalus, Chætoceros, Halionyx, Hemiaulus, Hemizoster and Triaulacias are given in pages 19, 20, and 21, of Professor Ehrenberg's communication to the Academy of Science at Berlin: and those of the seventy-one new species in eight following pages, to which I must refer the enquiring naturalist for further information.
"My dear Sir,
"I need not tell you how much I feel interested in your cruise. From the interest you took in the outfit of our expedition, I am sure you well know the interest it excites, and how much this feeling is heightened by a knowledge on my part of what you have undertaken, and have to go through. This prompts me to a desire to be useful to you if possible, and to give you my experience of the last season among the ice, whither you are bound.
"Your cruise will be an arduous one, no matter how you may be enlightened in your course; but you have so much knowledge of the ice, and the manner of treating it, that it appears almost presumptuous in me to sit down to give you any hints relative to it. But, believing as I do that the ice of the antarctic is of a totally different character from that of the arctic, I venture to offer you a few | WIKI |
José Garibi y Rivera
José Mariano Garibi y Rivera (Guadalajara, 30 January 1889 – Guadalajara, 27 May 1972), was a cardinal and Archbishop of Guadalajara. He was the first Mexican cardinal of the Catholic Church.
Education
Garibi was educated at the Colegio del Señor San José (primary education) and the Seminary of Guadalajara from 1900 to 1906, where he studied the humanities, sciences, Latin, Greek, philosophy and theology. He entered the novitiate of the Order of Friars Minor at Zapopan, Jalisco, in 1906, but left at the end of the novitiate year after he decided not to join the Order. He then returned to the Seminary of Guadalajara to pursue studies for the priesthood. He was named professor of Latin at the Seminary of Guadalajara in 1911, and occupied the post until 26 August 1913. He then went to Rome to study at the Pontifical Gregorian University from October 1913 to July 1916, where he earned a doctorate of theology and a licentiate in canon law. For the next ten years, he served in a number of pastoral and professorial posts.
Episcopate
In 1929 the Archbishop of Guadalajara, José Francisco Orozco y Jiménez, was expelled from the country during the course of the government's attempt to suppress the Catholic Church. Garibi accompanied him into exile in the United States. While on a visit to Rome, he was appointed the titular bishop of Roso and the auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Guadalajara on 16 December 1929. He and the archbishop were allowed to return to Mexico the following March, and he was consecrated on 7 May 1930, by the archbishop. He was appointed as Vicar general of the archdiocese on 1 January 1933. He was promoted to titular archbishop of Bizia and became the coadjutor bishop of Guadalajara. He succeeded to the metropolitan see of Guadalajara on 18 February 1936. He was elected as President of the Mexican Episcopal Conference for six consecutive terms.
Cardinal
Garibi was made a Cardinal Priest, with the titular church of San Onofrio in the consistory of 15 December 1958 by Pope John XXIII. He participated in the conclave of 1963 that elected Pope Paul VI.
Garibi resigned as archbishop on 1 March 1969. He died on 27 May 1972, of a pulmonary edema, and was buried in the crypt of his cathedral. | WIKI |
blob: 251f136ec5d6e26cc3c8c43a32c31e952ce9c03a [file] [log] [blame]
// Copyright (c) 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#include "quic/core/crypto/crypto_utils.h"
#include <string>
#include "absl/base/macros.h"
#include "absl/strings/escaping.h"
#include "quic/core/quic_utils.h"
#include "quic/platform/api/quic_test.h"
#include "quic/test_tools/quic_test_utils.h"
#include "common/test_tools/quiche_test_utils.h"
namespace quic {
namespace test {
namespace {
class CryptoUtilsTest : public QuicTest {};
TEST_F(CryptoUtilsTest, HandshakeFailureReasonToString) {
EXPECT_STREQ("HANDSHAKE_OK",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(HANDSHAKE_OK));
EXPECT_STREQ("CLIENT_NONCE_UNKNOWN_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
CLIENT_NONCE_UNKNOWN_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("CLIENT_NONCE_INVALID_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
CLIENT_NONCE_INVALID_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("CLIENT_NONCE_NOT_UNIQUE_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
CLIENT_NONCE_NOT_UNIQUE_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("CLIENT_NONCE_INVALID_ORBIT_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
CLIENT_NONCE_INVALID_ORBIT_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("CLIENT_NONCE_INVALID_TIME_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
CLIENT_NONCE_INVALID_TIME_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("CLIENT_NONCE_STRIKE_REGISTER_TIMEOUT",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
CLIENT_NONCE_STRIKE_REGISTER_TIMEOUT));
EXPECT_STREQ("CLIENT_NONCE_STRIKE_REGISTER_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
CLIENT_NONCE_STRIKE_REGISTER_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SERVER_NONCE_DECRYPTION_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SERVER_NONCE_DECRYPTION_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SERVER_NONCE_INVALID_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SERVER_NONCE_INVALID_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SERVER_NONCE_NOT_UNIQUE_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SERVER_NONCE_NOT_UNIQUE_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SERVER_NONCE_INVALID_TIME_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SERVER_NONCE_INVALID_TIME_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SERVER_NONCE_REQUIRED_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SERVER_NONCE_REQUIRED_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SERVER_CONFIG_INCHOATE_HELLO_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SERVER_CONFIG_INCHOATE_HELLO_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SERVER_CONFIG_UNKNOWN_CONFIG_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SERVER_CONFIG_UNKNOWN_CONFIG_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_INVALID_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_INVALID_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_DECRYPTION_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_DECRYPTION_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_PARSE_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_PARSE_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_DIFFERENT_IP_ADDRESS_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_DIFFERENT_IP_ADDRESS_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_CLOCK_SKEW_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_CLOCK_SKEW_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_EXPIRED_FAILURE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
SOURCE_ADDRESS_TOKEN_EXPIRED_FAILURE));
EXPECT_STREQ("INVALID_EXPECTED_LEAF_CERTIFICATE",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
INVALID_EXPECTED_LEAF_CERTIFICATE));
EXPECT_STREQ("MAX_FAILURE_REASON",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(MAX_FAILURE_REASON));
EXPECT_STREQ(
"INVALID_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE_REASON",
CryptoUtils::HandshakeFailureReasonToString(
static_cast<HandshakeFailureReason>(MAX_FAILURE_REASON + 1)));
}
TEST_F(CryptoUtilsTest, AuthTagLengths) {
for (const auto& version : AllSupportedVersions()) {
for (QuicTag algo : {kAESG, kCC20}) {
SCOPED_TRACE(version);
std::unique_ptr<QuicEncrypter> encrypter(
QuicEncrypter::Create(version, algo));
size_t auth_tag_size = 12;
if (version.UsesInitialObfuscators()) {
auth_tag_size = 16;
}
EXPECT_EQ(encrypter->GetCiphertextSize(0), auth_tag_size);
}
}
}
TEST_F(CryptoUtilsTest, ValidateChosenVersion) {
for (const ParsedQuicVersion& v1 : AllSupportedVersions()) {
for (const ParsedQuicVersion& v2 : AllSupportedVersions()) {
std::string error_details;
bool success = CryptoUtils::ValidateChosenVersion(
CreateQuicVersionLabel(v1), v2, &error_details);
EXPECT_EQ(success, v1 == v2);
EXPECT_EQ(success, error_details.empty());
}
}
}
TEST_F(CryptoUtilsTest, ValidateServerVersionsNoVersionNegotiation) {
QuicVersionLabelVector version_information_other_versions;
ParsedQuicVersionVector client_original_supported_versions;
for (const ParsedQuicVersion& version : AllSupportedVersions()) {
std::string error_details;
EXPECT_TRUE(CryptoUtils::ValidateServerVersions(
version_information_other_versions, version,
client_original_supported_versions, &error_details));
EXPECT_TRUE(error_details.empty());
}
}
TEST_F(CryptoUtilsTest, ValidateServerVersionsWithVersionNegotiation) {
for (const ParsedQuicVersion& version : AllSupportedVersions()) {
QuicVersionLabelVector version_information_other_versions{
CreateQuicVersionLabel(version)};
ParsedQuicVersionVector client_original_supported_versions{
ParsedQuicVersion::ReservedForNegotiation(), version};
std::string error_details;
EXPECT_TRUE(CryptoUtils::ValidateServerVersions(
version_information_other_versions, version,
client_original_supported_versions, &error_details));
EXPECT_TRUE(error_details.empty());
}
}
TEST_F(CryptoUtilsTest, ValidateServerVersionsWithDowngrade) {
if (AllSupportedVersions().size() <= 1) {
// We are not vulnerable to downgrade if we only support one version.
return;
}
ParsedQuicVersion client_version = AllSupportedVersions().front();
ParsedQuicVersion server_version = AllSupportedVersions().back();
ASSERT_NE(client_version, server_version);
QuicVersionLabelVector version_information_other_versions{
CreateQuicVersionLabel(client_version)};
ParsedQuicVersionVector client_original_supported_versions{
ParsedQuicVersion::ReservedForNegotiation(), server_version};
std::string error_details;
EXPECT_FALSE(CryptoUtils::ValidateServerVersions(
version_information_other_versions, server_version,
client_original_supported_versions, &error_details));
EXPECT_FALSE(error_details.empty());
}
} // namespace
} // namespace test
} // namespace quic | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:American Seashells (1954).djvu/182
132 . Early whorls purplish brown, last whorl translucent, light chestnut-brown. Shell covered by a thin varnish of periostracum of the same color. At the edge of the thin, smooth outer lip, the periostracum is neatly curled back to form a minute ridge. Umbilicus slit-like, with the periostracum puckered along its length. Operculum littorinid, and is withdrawn well within the glossy-brown aperture. Not uncommon in shallow water.
$3/4$ to 1 inch in length, thick, smoothish. Gray to brownish gray in color. Inside of aperture chocolate-brown. Columella and inner edge of aperture whitish. In young or perfect specimens there are fine, irregularly spaced, spiral threads with microscopic, wavy wrinkles in between. Introduced from Europe some time before 1840. A favorite food in Europe. Very common along the rocky shores of New England.
About 1 inch in length, thick-shelled, with numerous, regularly formed spiral grooves. Outer lip strong, sharp, slightly flaring, and with tiny grooves on the inside. Color usually grayish white with tiny, short streaks of reddish brown on the spiral ridges. Aperture yellowish white. Callus of inner lip and the columella pale reddish brown. Commonly found in large numbers among the sedges of brackish water marshes. Not recorded alive south of Indian River (east Florida) or Charlotte Harbor (west Florida).
Females about 1 inch, males about $1/2$ inch in length. Shell fairly thick and strong. Base angulate; aperture purplish brown. Columella various shades of dark-brown. Outer shell white to bluish white with many narrow, zigzag, oblique lines of chestnut-brown or purplish brown. Early whorls uniformly pale reddish brown. Female shells: higher than wide, smoothish. Male shells: as high as wide, with strong spiral grooves. Operculum dark-brown. Abundant in crevices between tides in rocky areas. Introduced to the Pacific side of the Panama Canal. Do not confuse with the larger and thinner-shelled L. angulifera whose operculum is light-brown, not dark-brown, in color. | WIKI |
User:Melford Experience
Melford Onyebuchi Nworie is a fast rising artist popularly known as Melford Experience, he is from Imo state and he presently live in Abuja the federal capital territory of Nigeria. | WIKI |
Generation of Photoexcitations and Trap-Assisted Recombination in TQ1:PC71BM Blends
A1 Originalartikel i en vetenskaplig tidskrift (referentgranskad)
Interna författare/redaktörer
Publikationens författare: Sanden S, Wilson NM, Wang EG, Osterbacka R
Förläggare: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Publiceringsår: 2017
Tidskrift: Journal of Physical Chemistry C
Tidskriftsakronym: J PHYS CHEM C
Volym: 121
Nummer: 14
Artikelns första sida, sidnummer: 8211
Artikelns sista sida, sidnummer: 8219
Antal sidor: 9
ISSN: 1932-7447
Abstrakt
The generation and recombination of long-lived photoexcitations is clarified in TQ1 films and TQ1:PC71BM 1:1 and 1:3, by weight, blends using photoinduced absorption measurements. At 80 K triplets are formed in TQ1 films, while both triplets and polarons are formed in the 1:1 and 1:3 blends. We suggest that the triplet state acts as a loss mechanism for generation of free charges in these blends and suggest an energy diagram for the photoexcitations in the blends. We estimate the triplet polaron annihilation (gamma(TPA)) constant to be 1.12 x 10(-14) and 3.10 x 10(-13) cm(3) s(-1) for the TQ1:PC71BM 1:1 and 1:3 blends, respectively. At 300 K triplets are mainly formed in the TQ1 films, while only polarons are present in the TQ1:PC71BM blends. Using frequency measurements we show that the TQ1:PC71BM 1:1 blend shows nondispersive kinetics (zeta = 1), while the 1:3 blend exhibits dispersive kinetics (zeta = 0.87). Using intensity-dependent measurements, we show that trap-assisted recombination is the dominating recombination mechanism for polarons in TQ1:PC71BM blends. Assuming an exponential trap-density we show that the characteristic energy E-ch, the mean trap-depth, is E-ch = 38.7 +/- 2 meV in 1:1 blends and slightly deeper in 1:3 blends, E-ch = 48.4 +/- 2 meV. The trap density is shown to be higher in the 1:1 compared to the 1:3 blends.
Nyckelord
charge carrier generation and recombination, disordered semiconductors, Organic solar cells, trap-assisted recombination
Senast uppdaterad 2019-05-12 vid 04:52 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
JS Yaeshio
JS Yaeshio (SS-598) is the ninth boat of the Oyashio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 9 March 2006.
Construction and career
Yaeshio was laid down at Kawasaki Heavy Industries Kobe Shipyard on 15 January 2002 and launched on 4 November 2004. She was commissioned on 9 March 2006 and deployed to Yokohama.
The submarine participated in RIMPAC 2009 from 27 August to 8 December 2009.
On 14 January 2014, she left Yokosuka to participate in the RIMPAC 2014, stayed in the Hawaii and Guam areas to conduct various trainings, and returned to Yokosuka on 24 April. | WIKI |
Understanding Back Pain Caused By Scoliosis
Understanding Back Pain Caused By Scoliosis
Many Americans suffer from back pain on a daily basis—especially in the lower back. Sometimes, those dealing with back pain shrug it off and assume it’s caused by overworking or bad posture, when a more serious condition is the true culprit. Persistent back pain appears in teenagers and adults alike and is often caused by a spinal condition known as scoliosis.
What is Scoliosis?
Scoliosis refers to an abnormal curvature of the spine. The severity of the spinal condition can vary depending on the angle and direction of the curvature. In some cases, scoliosis can place additional pressure on the body’s internal organs, leading to complications such as difficulty breathing.
Most physicians these days will screen pre-teens and teens for scoliosis at an annual physical. Sometimes, teens/pre-teens who are diagnosed with curvature of the spine will “outgrow” it during puberty, but there is always the possibility that it could get worse. And in some cases, adults can develop scoliosis later in life. The cause is unknown.
Do you believe that your back pain is caused by scoliosis?
Symptoms of Scoliosis
One of the most common symptoms reported by those diagnosed with scoliosis is that of back pain. However, not everybody who has scoliosis experiences back pain, so there are some other potential signs to be on the lookout for, depending on the severity of the curvature. These include the following symptoms:
• One shoulder being higher up than the other
• Clothes (especially shirts) not fitting the body properly
• Having one hip that sits higher than the other
• One side of the rib cage protruding more than the other
When to See a Doctor
If you have any of the above symptoms (including persistent back pain) or have noticed a visible curvature in your spine, then it’s time to schedule an appointment with a doctor. Sometimes, scoliosis is obvious enough that a doctor can diagnose it just by looking at the patient. However, in some cases, the doctor may need to perform testing to determine a diagnosis.
One common test used by doctors when looking for scoliosis is that of simply having the patient remove the shirt and bend over with arms reaching towards the ground. Oftentimes, unusual curvature or protrusions of the hips/shoulders/ribs are easier to notice this way.
Usually, once scoliosis is suspected, an X-ray will be done to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the curvature. Using the developed X-rays, doctors can measure the specific angle of the spine’s curves and determine the appropriate course of treatment.
Scoliosis Treatments
The recommended treatments for diagnosis can vary greatly depending on the curvature of the spine and the age of the patient. For example, a pre-teen or teenager who has been diagnosed with a minor case of scoliosis may be given a back brace to wear, which will help to straighten the spine and keep the curvature from getting worse during puberty.
For patients who have already stopped growing, treatment options may be more limited. In cases of scoliosis with severe curvature, surgery may be the only way to straighten the spine and relieve dangerous pressure on the internal organs.
Many doctors will take a “wait-and-see” approach with newly diagnosed patients to see if and how quickly the curvature worsens, and then use that information to determine whether or not surgery is warranted. Typically, back surgery is seen as a last resort.
Back Pain Caused By Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a common cause of back pain, though it’s certainly not the only potential explanation. If you’re experiencing back pain and believe you may be suffering from the spinal condition known as scoliosis, be sure to contact Milwaukee back and spine specialist Dr, Prpa today. We can schedule an appointment and determine the underlying cause of your back pain.
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Talk:The 61 F.C. (Luton)
Name
Don't suppose anyone knows what the 61 in the name actually refers to? There seems to be nothing on the club's website to explain the rather curious name -- ChrisTheDude (talk) 10:25, 15 January 2009 (UTC)
* It's the year of formation. - fchd (talk) 12:19, 15 January 2009 (UTC)
* Cheers Richard. Still an odd choice for a name, though.... -- ChrisTheDude (talk) 12:24, 15 January 2009 (UTC)
Notability
This page has been tagged as not notable as it has not been shown that this football team has competed in the FA Cup which is one of the criteria of Football team notability in England.Delusion23 (talk) 23:59, 24 February 2011 (UTC) | WIKI |
Ethology and Reproduction of Captive Giant Pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)
Authors
Department of Zoological Research, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20008, U.S.A.
Abstract and Summary
The activity rhythm, reproductive cycle, and maintenance, social and reproductive behavior of a pair of captive giant pandas were studied at the National Zoological Park, Washington, D.C. Results from this study and the available literature indicate that:
• 1) Giant pandas are probably nocturnal, although they may be polycyclic in activity.
• 2) Males are more active than females, especially in locomotor behavior and scent-marking activity
• 3) Activity levels are inversely correlated with age.
• 4) There is a single annual estrous period of one to three days between March and June, preceded by conspicuous behavioral changes in the female consisting of a depressed appetite, increased restlessness and scent-marking, and increased vocalizing. Behavioral changes in the male are similar and are synchronized with the female reproductive cycle.
• 5) The major communicatory modes are through scent-marking and vocalizations. A variety of postures is used to deposit urine and anogenital gland secretions throughout the environment. Most of the major call types show considerable variation and grading; they are prominent during agonistic and reproductive activities. Visual signals are only poorly developed. Tactile contact is more frequent during social interactions than might be predicted, considering the solitary nature of the species. However, significant tactile contact may be limited to the initial stages of encounters, with avoidance and intolerance occurring thereafter.
• 6) Both the giant panda's copulatory posture and the temporal patterning of copulation (numerous short mounts and a brief ejaculatory intromission with a long inter-ejaculation interval) differ significantly from sexual behavior reported for other closely related carnivores. Observations suggest that the prior compatibility of a pair is essential for successful reproductive behavior.
• 7) Comparative data on giant panda reproduction suggest that the 140 day average gestation length (range: 122–163 days) includes a delay, either in implantation or early development. The neonatalimaternal weight ratio may be the smallest among the Eutherian mammals.
• 8) Three major reproductive characteristics—
• (a) the occurrence of a weak estrus in the autumn in some females
• (b) variability in the duration of the “gestation” period and
• (c) survivorship of only one young despite a litter size of one to three young — and fossil evidence for a much wider previous geographic distribution, suggest that giant pandas may have had a more flexible and opportunistic reproductive strategy during their past evolutionary history, and have recently undergone K-selection, with increasing dietary and habitat specialization.
Ancillary | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Part of an "exceptionally rare" Iron Age wooden axle from a chariot or cart has been found during Sizewell C tree-planting excavations. The wooden fragment was found in a waterlogged pit in Eastbridge, near Leiston, in 2021.
Uncovered by archaeologists from Cotswold Archaeology, a radiocarbon date on the hazel wood of the axle has shown that it was made in the Middle Iron Age - between 400BC and 100BC. Archaeologist Chris Fern said the Iron Age pit containing the axle was most likely used as a watering hole for livestock.
He said: "Both pits were waterlogged during excavation, providing ideal preservation conditions for wood, and it is in the base of one of these that the axle was found.
"Broken and burned in antiquity, and found together with charred boards that possibly originally from the same vehicle, the axle had been repurposed within a stake revetment that had prevented the collapse of the waterhole in the site’s sandy soil.
"Most of the spindle (for the wheel hub) survives, as well as part of the rectangular axle-bed which would have been secured to the underside of the cart or chariot. Part of a hole at the end of the spindle would have held the linchpin that secured the wheel."
Mr Fern said the find was "exceptionally rare" joins only a handful of others from British later prehistory, such as the axle found at Flag Fen in Peterborough. Analysis of the axle fragment is ongoing to determine its significance for our understanding of prehistoric vehicles and transport. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Page:EB1911 - Volume 08.djvu/808
that generated by one phase, and the current in a line wire is the resultant of that in two adjacent phases; or in a balanced system, if c be the current in each phase, the current in the line wire beyond a collecting ring is C＝c√3, hence the watts are W＝3cE＝3CE/√3＝1·732 EC, as before. Thus any three-phase winding may be changed over from the star to the delta connexion, and will then give 1·732 times as much current, but only 1/1·732 times the voltage, so that the output remains the same.
The “armature reaction” of the alternator, when the term is used in its widest sense to cover all the effects of the alternating current in the armature as linked with a magnetic circuit or circuits, may be divided into three items which are different in their origin and consequences. In the first place the armature current produces a self-induced flux in local circuits independent of the main magnetic circuit, as e.g. linked with the ends of the coils as they project outwards from the armature core; such lines may be called “secondary leakage,” of which the characteristic feature is that its amount is independent of the position of the coils relatively to the poles. The alternations of this flux give rise to an inductive voltage lagging 90° behind the phase of the current, and this leakage or reactance voltage must be directly counterbalanced electrically by an equal component in the opposite sense in the voltage from the main field. The second and third elements are more immediately magnetic and are entirely dependent upon the position of the coils in relation to the poles and in relation to the phase of the current which they then carry. When the side of a drum coil is immediately under the centre of a pole, its ampere-turns are cross-magnetizing, i.e. produce a distortion of the main flux, displacing its maximum density to one or other edge of the pole. When the coil-side is midway between the poles and the axes of coil and pole coincide, the coil stands exactly opposite to the pole and embraces the same magnetic circuit as the field-magnet coils; its turns are therefore directly magnetizing, either weakening or strengthening the main flux according to the direction of the current. In intermediate positions the ampere-turns of the coil gradually pass from cross to direct and vice versa. When the instantaneous values of either the cross or direct magnetizing effect are integrated over a period and averaged, due account being taken of the number of slots per coil-side and of the different phases of the currents in the polyphase machine, expressions are obtained for the equivalent cross and direct ampere-turns of the armature as acting upon a pair of poles. For a given winding and current, the determining factor in either the one or the other is found to be the relative phase angle between the axis of a coil in its position when carrying the maximum current and the centre of a pole, the transverse reaction being proportional to the cosine of this angle, and the direct reaction to its sine. If the external circuit is inductive, the maximum value of the current lags behind the E.M.F. and so behind the centre of the pole; such a negative angle of lag causes the direct magnetizing turns to become back turns, directly weakening the main field and lowering the terminal voltage. Thus, just as in the continuous-current dynamo, for a given voltage under load the excitation between the pole-pieces Xp must not only supply the net excitation required over the air-gaps, armature core and teeth, but must also balance the back ampere-turns Xb of the armature.
Evidently therefore the characteristic curve connecting armature current and terminal volts will with a constant exciting current depend on the nature of the load, whether inductive or non-inductive, and upon the amount of inductance already possessed by the armature itself. With an inductive load it will fall more rapidly from its initial maximum value, or, conversely, if the initial voltage is to be maintained under an increasing load, the exciting current will have to be increased more than if the load were non-inductive. In practical working many disadvantages result from a rapid drop of the terminal E.M.F. under increasing load, so that between no load and full load the variation in terminal voltage with constant excitation should not exceed 15%. Thus the output of an alternator is limited either by its heating or by its armature reaction, just as is the output of a continuous-current dynamo; in the case of the alternator, however, the limit set by armature reaction is not due to any sparking at the brushes, but to the drop in terminal voltage as the current is increased, and the consequent difficulty in maintaining a constant potential on the external circuit.
The joint operation of several alternators so that their outputs may be delivered into the same external circuit is sharply distinguished from the corresponding problem in continuous-current dynamos by the necessary condition that they must be in synchronism, i.e. not only must they be so driven that their frequency is the same, but their E.M.F.’s must be in phase or, as it is also expressed, the machines must be in step. Although in practice it is impossible to run two alternators in series unless they are rigidly coupled together—which virtually reduces them to one machine—two or more machines can be run in parallel, as was first described by H. Wilde in 1868 and subsequently redemonstrated by J. Hopkinson and W. G. Adams in 1884. Their E.M.F.’s should be as nearly as possible in synchronism, but, as contrasted with series connexion, parallel coupling gives them a certain power of recovery if they fall out of step, or are not in exact synchronism when thrown into parallel. In such circumstances a synchronizing current passes between the two machines, due to the difference in their instantaneous pressures; and as this current agrees in phase more nearly with the leading than with the lagging machine, the former machine does work as a generator on the latter as a motor. Hence the lagging machine is accelerated and the leading machine is retarded, until their frequencies and phase are again the same.
The chief use of the alternator has already been alluded to. Since it can be employed to produce very high pressures either directly or through the medium of transformers, it is specially adapted to the electrical transmission of energy over long distances. In the early days of electric lighting, the alternate-current system was adopted for a great number of central stations; the machines, designed to give a pressure of 2000 volts, supplied transformers which were situated at considerable distances and spread over large areas, without an undue amount of copper in the transmitting lines. While there was later a tendency to return to the continuous current for central stations, owing to the introduction of better means for economizing the weight of copper in the mains, the alternating current again came into favour, as rendering it possible to place the central station in some convenient site far away from the district which it was to serve. The pioneer central station in this direction was the Deptford station of the London Electric Supply Corporation, which furnished current to the heart of London from a distance of 7 m. In this case, however, the alternators were single-phase and gave the high pressure of 10,000 volts immediately, while more recently the tendency has been to employ step-up transformers and a polyphase system. The advantage of the latter is that the current, after reaching the distant sub-stations, can be dealt with by rotary converters, through which it is transformed into a continuous current. The alternator is also used for welding, smelting in electric furnaces, and other metallurgical processes where heating effects are alone required; the large currents needed therein can be produced without the disadvantage of the commutator, and, if necessary, transformers can be interposed to lower the voltage and still further increase the current. The alternating system can thus meet very various needs, and its great recommendation may be said to lie in the flexibility with which it can supply electrical energy through transformers at any potential, or through rotary converters in continuous-current form.
—For the further study of the dynamo, the following may be consulted, in addition to the references already given:—
General: S. P. Thompson, Dynamo-Electric Machinery—Continuous-Current Machines (1904), Alternating-Current Machinery (1905, London); G. Kapp, Dynamos, Alternators and Transformers (London, 1893); Id., Electric Transmission of Energy (London, 1894); Id., Dynamo Construction; Electrical and Mechanical (London, 1899); H. F. Parshall and H. M. Hobart, Electric Generators (London, 1900); C. C. Hawkins and F. Wallis, The Dynamo (London, 1903); E. Arnold, Konstruktionstafeln für den Dynamobau (Stuttgart, 1902); C. P. Steinmetz, Elements of Electrical Engineering (New York, 1901).
Continuous-Current Dynamos: J. Fischer-Hinnen, Continuous-Current Dynamos (London, 1899); E. Arnold, Die Gleichstrommaschine (Berlin, 1902); F. Niethammer, Berechnung und Konstruktion der Gleichstrommaschinen und Gleichstrommotoren (Stuttgart, 1904).
Alternators: D. C. Jackson and J. P. Jackson, Alternating Currents and Alternating Current Machinery (New York, 1903); J. A. Fleming, The Alternate Current Transformer (London, 1899); C. P. Steinmetz, Alternating Current Phenomena (New York, 1900); E. Arnold, Die Wechselstromtechnik (Berlin, 1904); S. P. Thompson, Polyphase Electric Currents (London, 1900); A. Stewart, Modern Polyphase Machinery (London, 1906); M. Oudin, Standard Polyphase Apparatus and Systems (New York, 1904).
| WIKI |
Timo André Bakken
Timo André Bakken (born 21 March 1989) is a Norwegian cross-country skier.
Career
He won a silver medal in the sprint race at the 2009 Junior World Ski Championships. He made his World Cup debut in March 2008 in Drammen, and collected his first World Cup points in March 2009 in Trondheim. A 27th place in November 2009 in Kuusamo followed.
He represents the sports club Mjøndalen IF, and lives in Skotselv.
In 2012 Bakken become the world fastest skier in 100m. He beat skiers like Petter Northug and Emil Jönsson. However, in 2013 Ludvig Søgnen Jensen beat his record.
Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).
Individual podiums
* 1 podium – (1 WC) | WIKI |
Upgrade to Synnefo v0.14 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The bulk of the upgrade to v0.14 is about resource and quota migrations. .. warning:: It is strongly suggested that you keep separate database backups for each service after the completion of each of step. 1. Bring web services down, backup databases ============================================ 1. All web services must be brought down so that the database maintains a predictable and consistent state during the migration process:: # service gunicorn stop # service snf-dispatcher stop # etc. 2. Backup databases for recovery to a pre-migration state. 3. Keep the database servers running during the migration process 2. Upgrade Synnefo and configure settings ========================================= 2.2 Sync and migrate Django DB ------------------------------ .. note:: If you are asked about stale content types during the migration process, answer 'no' and let the migration finish. :: astakos-host$ snf-manage syncdb astakos-host$ snf-manage migrate quotaholder_app 0001 --fake astakos-host$ snf-manage migrate quotaholder_app astakos-host$ snf-manage migrate im cyclades-host$ snf-manage syncdb cyclades-host$ snf-manage migrate 3 Quota-related steps ===================== Astakos and its resources should also get registered, so that they can be known to the quota system. Run:: astakos-host$ snf-manage service-add astakos service_url api_url astakos-host$ snf-manage resource-export-astakos > astakos.json astakos-host$ snf-manage resource-import --json astakos.json The limit on pending project applications is since 0.14 handled as an Astakos resource, rather than a custom setting. In order to set this limit (replacing setting ASTAKOS_PENDING_APPLICATION_LIMIT) run:: astakos-host$ snf-manage resource-modify astakos.pending_app --limit To take into account the user-specific limits we need a data migration. The following command populates the user-specific base quota for resource ``astakos.pending_app`` using the deprecated user setting:: astakos-host$ astakos-migrate-0.14 Finally, Astakos needs to inform the quota system for the current number of pending applications per user:: astakos-host$ snf-manage reconcile-resources-astakos --fix 4 Change Astakos URIs in settings ================================= In astakos-host edit ``/etc/synnefo/20-snf-astakos-app-cloudbar.conf`` and replace the following lines: .. code-block:: console CLOUDBAR_SERVICES_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/im/get_services' CLOUDBAR_MENU_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/im/get_menu' with: .. code-block:: console CLOUDBAR_SERVICES_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/astakos/api/get_services' CLOUDBAR_MENU_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/astakos/api/get_menu' | Also in pithos-host edit ``/etc/synnefo/20-snf-pithos-webclient-cloudbar.conf`` and the following lines: .. code-block:: console CLOUDBAR_SERVICES_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/im/get_services' CLOUDBAR_MENU_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/im/get_menu' with: .. code-block:: console CLOUDBAR_SERVICES_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/astakos/api/get_services' CLOUDBAR_MENU_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/astakos/api/get_menu' | Finally in cyclades-node edit ``/etc/synnefo/20-snf-cyclades-app-cloudbar.conf`` and replace the following lines: .. code-block:: console CLOUDBAR_SERVICES_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/im/get_services' CLOUDBAR_MENU_URL = 'https://account.node1.example.com/im/get_menu' with: .. code-block:: console CLOUDBAR_SERVICES_URL = 'https://node1.example.com/astakos/api/get_services' CLOUDBAR_MENU_URL = 'https://account.node1.example.com/astakos/api/get_menu' | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Jamesy Kelleher
Jamesy Kelleher (31 March 1878 – 10 January 1943) was an Irish hurler who played as a full-back for the Cork senior team.
Born in Dungourney, County Cork, Kelleher first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of twenty-three when he first linked up with the Cork senior team. He made his senior debut during the 1900 championship. Kelleher immediately became a regular member of the starting team, and won two All-Ireland medals and seven Munster medals. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on four occasions.
At club level Kelleher was a three-time championship medallist with Dungourney.
Throughout his career Kelleher made 47 championship appearances. He retired from inter-county hurling following the conclusion of the 1914 championship.
Kelleher was posthumously honoured by being named in the right corner-back position on the Cork Hurling Team of the Century.
Club
Kelleher was just fourteen-years-old when he first played for Dungourney in 1892 and immediately became a regular member of the team.
After defeat by Redmonds in the 1900 championship decider, Kelleher was captain of the team two years later when they faced Shanballymore in the final. A 3-10 to 2-5 victory gave Kelleher, and his club, their first championship title.
In 1907 Kelleher was captain of the Dungourney team that faced Castletownroche in the county decider. A comprehensive 5-17 to 0-3 victory gave him a second championship medal.
Back-to-back titles eluded Dungourney once again, however, the club was back in the decider again in 1909. Sarsfield's provided little opposition as Dungourney powered to a 6-10 to 1-8 victory. It was Kelleher's third championship medal.
Beginnings
Kelleher made his senior championship debut on 3 November 1901 in a delayed 0-12 to 0-9 Munster semi-final defeat by Tipperary.
Early successes
The 1901 championship was also delayed due to organisational difficulties, however, Kelleher found himself to be a regular on the team. He was at centrefield that year as Cork defeated Clare by 3-10 to 2-6 in the provincial decider. It was his first Munster medal. On 2 August 1903 Cork faced London in what was the 1901 All-Ireland final. Kellher's side were the overwhelming favourites against a team of exiles which was made up of nine Cork men. A downpour made the underfoot conditions difficult as London settled better and Cork floundered. A goal for London with ten minutes left in the game sealed Cork’s fate and Kelleher ended up on the losing side by 1-5 to 0-4.
Kelleher was captain of the Cork team for the 1902 championship. He added a second Munster medal to his collection following a 2-9 to 1-5 defeat of Limerick. On 11 September 1904 Cork faced London in the delayed 1902 All-Ireland decider, in what was also the official opening of the Cork Athletic Grounds. Cork made no mistake on this occasion, and powered to a 3-13 to 0-00 victory. It was Kelleher's first All-Ireland medal.
Cork made it a three-in-a-row of provincial titles in 1903. A 5-16 to 1-1 defeat of Waterford gave Kelleher a third successive Munster medal. On 12 November 1905 Cork faced London in the All-Ireland decider for the third successive year. Cork were well on top for the entire game and secured a 3-16 to 1-1 victory. It was Kelleher's second consecutive All-Ireland medal.
Kelleher won a fourth successive Munster medal in 1904 following a 3-10 to 3-4 defeat of Tipperary. The subsequent All-Ireland final was delayed until 24 June 1906, Kilkenny providing the opposition. It was the beginning of a hugely successful era for "the Cats" as Cork were heading into decline. A first half goal by Dick Doyle put Kilkenny in the driving seat, while goalkeeper Pat "Fox" Maher made a save in the dying moments of the game to help Kilkenny to a 1-9 to 1-8 victory.
In 1905 Cork set the all-time record by winning a fifth successive provincial title. The 7-12 to 1-4 trouncing of Limerick gave Kelleher his fifth Munster medal overall. The subsequent All-Ireland final on 14 April 1907 saw Kilkenny provide the opposition once again. The game was a high-scoring affair with Cork winning by 5-10 to 3-13. The game, however, had to be replayed as Cork goalkeeper Daniel McCarthy was a British army reservist and Kilkenny’s Matt Gargan had earlier played with Waterford in the Munster championship. The replay was another high-scoring one, with Jimmy Kelly scoring 5-2 for Kilkenny. A puck-out by Kelleher is said to have bounced and hopped over the Kilkenny crossbar. Kilkenny won the game by 7-7 to 2-9, with all seven of their goals coming in a thirty-minute spell.
Decline
Six-in-a-row of provincial titles proved beyond Cork, however, the team bounced back in 1907 with Kelleher taking over as captain for a second time. A 1-6 to 1-4 defeat of Tipperary gave Kelleher a sixth Munster medal. On 21 June 1908 Cork faced Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider for the third time in four years. A high-scoring, but close, game developed between these two rivals once again. As the game entered the final stage there was little to separate the two sides. Jimmy Kelly scored three first-half goals while Jack Anthony scored Kilkenny's winning point at the death. Cork went on two late goal hunts, however, the final score of 3-12 to 4-8 gave Kilkenny the win. The game became the benchmark by which all subsequent All-Ireland performances were judged.
Cork went through a period of transition over the next few years and it was 1912 before the team bounced back. A 5-1 to 3-1 defeat of Tipperary that year gave Kelleher a seventh and final Munster medal. On 17 November 1912 Cork were scheduled to face Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider, however, Kelleher had to withdraw from the team due to injury. Kilkenny won the game by 2-1 to 1-3.
Kelleher retired from inter-county hurling following Cork's exit from the 1914 championship.
Personal life
Kelleher was born in Clonmult near Dungourney, County Cork, the second of seven children of William and Johanna (née Cronin). After completing his education, he worked as a farmer and also bred and trained many first class horses and won several cross-country and steeplechase trophies. Kelleher married Ina Cronin in September 1927 and together they had one child, a daughter, Hannah, born in 1928. After the death of his first wife from salpingitis aged 33 in 1930, Kelleher married Bridget McCarthy in April 1935.
On 10 January 1943, Kelleher died from Weils Disease aged 64. | WIKI |
Talk:Asya
mator s. bunoy
ḃẾḺḀḹ asyanong kasaysayang pang publiko — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:28, 25 June 2013 (UTC)
Araling panlipunan
About asia <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:25, 16 August 2022 (UTC) | WIKI |
Determination of the molar volume of hydrogen gas Essay
Custom Student Mr. Teacher ENG 1001-04 17 November 2017
Determination of the molar volume of hydrogen gas
Introduction
We are going to determine the molar volume of hydrogen gas by letting known amount of magnesium react with dilute hydrochloric acid and carefully collecting the gas formed.
Materials
Gas syringe
Hydrochloric acid, 2-molar
8 cm of magnesium ribbon
Ruler
Emery cloth
For details see instruction form
Methods
We connect the equipment according to the diagram and make sure we follow the instructions carefully, and then we weigh the 8 cm of magnesium ribbon and pour the HCl into the test tube. As we are ready to start the experiment we fold the mg ribbon on the hook and put the stopper into the test tube so that when we tilt the test tube the mg ribbon can easily fall into the acid. It is important to wait for the reaction to finish completely so that the equipment returns back to room temperature. For details see instruction form.
Results:
Measured weigh of 8 cm mg ribbon: 0.068 g (uncertainty is � 0.0001)
Room temperature: 21.9 �C (uncertainty is � 0.1)
Room pressure: 742.5 mmHg
Vapour pressure of water: 19.587 and 19.827
Vapour pressure: 19.587 + 19.827 / 2 = 19.707
1.333 x 102 x (mmHg) = Pa
Convert the room pressure in mmHg into Pa:
742.5 x 1.333 x 102 = 98975.25 Pa
Convert the vapour pressure of water into Pa:
19707 x 1.333 x 102 = 2626.9431
p(H2O) = 2626.9431 Pa
Room pressure (Pa) – Vapour pressure of water (Pa)
98975.25 Pa – 2626.9431 Pa = 96348.3069 Pa
p(H2) = 96348.3069 Pa
p(H2) + p(H2O) = p(room)
2626.9431 + 96348.3069 = 98975.25 p(room)
Calculation of molar volume for hydrogen gas at 0 C and 1 atmosphere
P1 x V1 / T1 = P2 + V2 / T2
1 atm = 1.013 x 105
P1 = 96348.3069 P2 = 1 atm = 101300
V1 = 70 cm3 (uncertainty is �1) V2 = 59cm3 (uncertainty is �0.5)
T1 = 21.9 �C = 294.9 K (uncertainty is �1.3466 ) T2 = 0 �C = 273 K
96348.3069 x 70 x 1 / 294.9 = 101300 x 59 x 0.5 / 273
Conclusion & Evaluation:
Our conclusion is that the molar volume of hydrogen gas at 0 �C and 1 atmosphere is -.
We reached the conclusion by first checking the room temperature and barometer pressure. Then we looked up the values for vapour pressure of water at the actual temperature from the Hand book of Chemistry and Physics. The full reference is: Chemistry for the IB diploloma G. Neuss. Oxford UP, 2001 p.28.
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It’s about RTFM, not BOMDAS!
Different results can both be correct. This depends on the grammar used to parse the expression. Some handle implied multiplication with higher precedence, others don’t.
calculators
There’s this meme on the internet about two calculators (or phone calculator apps) with different results. This is a common misconception and therefore a perfect topic for my blog.
Usually it’s about the expression 6/2(2+1). Note the implied multiplication before the bracket.
This is one example:
You can trust both to give you a correct answer, because 9 and 1 are both correct. Both do exactly what is specified. So READ THE FUCKING MANUAL that you got with the calculator.
There are other articles and even videos explaining the maths behind this. As a programmer you should at least be able to find them using any web search. There you will find explanations on how implied multiplication often (but not always) has higher precedence. This is also known as abbreviated multiplication. The multiplication sign (i.e. *, ×, or ·) is omitted.
But as a programmer you must also understand that this is about parsing expressions. And even more importantly, you must understand that the correct answer is the one that is in coherence with the specifications. And for that you must talk to the clients.
But let’s have a closer look at the expression:
Our expression is this:
6/2(2+1)
That is equivalent to:
a := 2+1
6/2a
Would you really say that this is the same as:
(6/2) * a
Unless it is specified that implied multiplication is always treated the same as explicit multiplication, the juxtaposition 2a has higher precedence in the expression than the division . You can’t just replace it by 2*a. You replace it by (2*a). It does not matter if it’s a or (2+1), as we defined those to be the same.
Note: Someone disagreed and so I added an appendage at the end.
Here’s an example on how the two interpretations come from how you parse the expression:
“Six divided by twice the sum of two and one. You get one.”
is not the same as
“Six divided by two, multiplied by the sum of two and one. You get nine.”
The wording is different and so are the results. But the expressions in the calculators are the same. So it’s not really about the wording but how it’s parsed.
If implied multiplication is the same as explicit multiplication, then it’s just:
6/2*(2+1) = 3*3 = 9
See the resulting syntax tree, which has the 6/2 and 2+1 subexpressions as a subtree. Therefore the two subresults (both are 3) are put in as the values for the multiplication.
The division (/) is “higher” in the tree (shown lower because the tree is upside down) than the multiplication, because the expression is parsed left to right.
If implied multiplication has higher precedence (as many would expect) it’s:
6/(2*(2+1)) = 6/6 = 1
This syntax tree has / at the “lowest” level (root of the tree) because implied multiplication (show as *) has higher precedence. The + is even higher in the tree because it’s in brackets and the value is used as the multiplicand in the expression. The brackets only influence the structure of the tree, but are not shown here.
Here’s the order of operations (precedence) as they are given in the manual for the calculator shown left in the above image:
Manual for fx-991MS – “Order of Operations” (page 34)
Source: https://support.casio.com/pdf/004/fx115MS_991MS_E.pdf
As you can see, the abbreviated multiplications (5 and 7) have higher precedence than multiplication (10). That is obviously not the case for the calculator app.
Your job as a programmer is to implement the parser so it does exactly what was specified.
As a user of a calculator you must read the manual to see how it handles implied multiplication.
It’s wrong to say that one answer is correct and the other is not, unless you know the specifications.
A calculator could just as well give you SYNTAX ERROR as the answer. That’s when the calculator doesn’t support implied multiplication. In that case it can’t create the syntax tree and you get that error.
Arguments for the different results:
• 1: Many expect implied multiplication to take higher precedence. That means expressions like 2√3/9π don’t have to be written as (2*√3)/(9*π). The juxtapositions takes higher precedence and the brackets are not necessary. Anyone not aware of this gets wrong results.
• 9: This uses a simpler grammar and anyone who knows BOMDAS or any similar mnemonic, can just use that. All multiplication is handled the same. Not typing the multiplication sign doesn’t change how the expression is parsed. Anyone expecting higher precedence of implied multiplication gets wrong results.
• ERROR: Same as the arguments for 9, but there is no risk of the user expecting another set of rules. This is the only behaviour that prevents false results due to ambiguity.
What people who don’t understand this, do wrong:
• They can’t accept that there are arguments against what they believe and so they stay ignorant.
This is sad and dangerous. They do no research and don’t even think about the problem to see if the other solution could possibly be correct. Instead they just assume that they are right and the others are just trolling or stupid. Like cult members they are trained to refuse any information that conflicts with their preconceived notion of the correct answer. Instead of learning they get angry.
• They get their calculator and type in the expression.
This is wrong, because there are two ways and you will just get 9 or 1, but that doesn’t prove that the other result is wrong. It just shows you don’t understand the ambiguity of implied multiplication.
• They talk about BOMDAS/PIMDAS/PEMDAS.
That just shows they understand primary school arithmetic. But this is about something that is not handled by those mnemonics. Not one of them says anything about implied multiplication.
It turns out that simplified acronyms taught to kids don’t explain all of mathematics. Grow up!
• They claim that in their favourite programming language they get 9 and so it must be correct.
But they don’t use the same expression. Instead they use explicit multiplication, which is not the same. As a programmer you must not ignore such details.
• They claim that mathematics are unambiguous.
That’s not true. This is about language used in mathematics. It can be ambiguous in the sense that there are different notations in use. They are all based on the works of Adam Ries, who made mathematics books in the 16th century to be used in schools. But there is no official rule for the precedence of implied multiplication in mathematics. I’m not aware of any standardised language that uses it. Maybe there’s something in ISO/IEC 40314:2016 or IEEE 260.3-1993, but I will not pay hundreds of dollars to read them. They probably just tell you not to use it.
Appendage: Terms vs Groupings
It was pointed out to me here that some authors distinguish between implied multiplication inside of terms and implied multiplication between a group and some other expression.
• This is a term with coefficient 7: 7x²
• This is an expression with implied multiplication: 2(2+1)
The distinction is that one is just a term, which is defined as one or more factors with implied multiplication, while the other one is a value in front of a grouping symbol.
With this clear distinction is is possible to define different precedence for the two different types of multiplication. It allows juxtapositions without having to use brackets and also use implied multiplication with groups but have the same precedence there as with explicit multiplication:
1. Parentheses (grouping symbols)
2. Exponentiation
3. Implied multiplication inside a term (juxtapositions)
4. M/D
• Explicit multiplication
• Implied multiplication in front of a grouping symbol
• Division
5. A/S
• Addition
• Subtraction
As you can see it is still something that is not handled by PEMDAS. You would have to insert a T for “terms” or a J for “juxtapositions”, but PETMDAS and PEJMDAS don’t roll of the tongue as easily.
Applying all that to the expression 6/2(2+1) means that it’s the same as 6/2*(2+1), which is equal to 6/2*3 = 3*3 = 9. I’m not sure why one wouldn’t just write the multiplication sign in this case, but coefficients in front of groups are common and many prefer not having to write the multiplication signs. The 2 is a coefficient but the term is just 2 (with no variables and therefore no multiplication of higher precedence).
But this means that 6/2a where a := 2+1 does not equal the above expression. In this case the 2 is the coefficient of the term 2a. It is equal to 6/(2*a) = 6/(2*(2+1)) = 6/(2*3) = 6/6 = 1. That’s because 2 is the coefficient of a term with a variable and therefore the implied multiplication has higher precedence.
The solutions are still the same: 1, 9, ambiguous
And I personally still prefer a simpler order of operations where all types of implied multiplication have the same precedence. WolframAlpha doesn’t even use implied multiplication for terms (see here) and that is quite confusing for everyone that expects it and it means you often have to add brackets to your expressions.
In the end it’s still all about knowing what rules are used when you work with mathematical expressions. In algebra all the calculations are precise and unambiguous but the notation used by humans is completely arbitrary.
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Excel automation
Hi,
I have been using excel to clean, format for reports generation and dashboard creation. Now, the data source is kind of fixed, meaning I’ll get the same structure of data every time I pull.
Since, I’m not handy with VBA or Macros, I need help in automation.
So, here is my question. Can I perform some serious of task and record it somehow using KNIME and every time when I get a data, I could just run the recorded workflows or something?
If yes, Please guide me, where can I learn that?
Try to start here
https://www.knime.com/knimepress/download-from-excel-to-knime
5 Likes
Hey, Thanks for the book.
If I get it right, I can perform excel functions in KNIME to some extent.
But, what I really need to know is, how do I automate it? To avoid the same steps every week/month.
If could be helpful if you provide a specific steps to automate.
1 Like
I download raw data, then perform date calculation, then couple of IF function. Then I need to split the raw data in to two and perform again IF on both sheets and Join it back together.
Now I have a structure to use it for report. Can all the operation can be done on KNIME and can it be automated?
Hi there @Braveen,
welcome to KNIME Community!
This is possible with KNIME. So you need to build workflow with KNIME that you need to start when new data comes (weekly/monthly) which reads data from Excel, manipulates and transforms it and then writes it back to Excel or somewhere else or sends email.
Now will you be able to pull everything off and how long will it take depends on your wishes/requirements. So as @izaychik63 already suggested if you provide specific steps (and requirements) I’m sure you’ll get more help/advises/ideas to evaluate KNIME for your use case…
Regarding learning KNIME see here:
Br,
Ivan
3 Likes
Thanks Ivan, that helped.
If you don’t mind, can you please look in to my another query about split data and add the split data in rows. That would be very helpful. Thank in advance
This topic was automatically closed 182 days after the last reply. New replies are no longer allowed. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Earthquake Information for Portageville, Missouri
Portageville, MO has a moderate earthquake risk, with a total of 515 earthquakes since 1931. The USGS database shows that there is a 22.08% chance of a major earthquake within 50km of Portageville, MO within the next 50 years. The largest earthquake within 30 miles of Portageville, MO was a 4.6 Magnitude in 1989.
Risk Level:
Moderate
Total Number of Earthquakes in Portageville since 1931 within 50 miles
515
Probability of A 5.0 Earthquake within next 50 years
22.08%
Earthquake Probability for Portageville, MO
View the probability of a major earthquake within the next 50 years in Portageville, MO.
Probability of Earthquakes Within the Next 50 Years For Magnitudes Between 5.0 and 9.2
(within 31 km/51 miles above magnitude)
MAGNITUDE
PROBABILITY
5.0
22.08%
5.1
20.35%
5.2
20.35%
5.2
20.35%
5.3
18.94%
5.4
17.78%
5.5
16.84%
5.6
16.55%
5.7
15.84%
5.8
15.46%
5.9
14.96%
6.0
14.81%
6.1
14.37%
6.2
14.14%
6.3
13.82%
6.4
13.72%
6.5
13.47%
6.6
13.34%
6.7
13.26%
6.8
13.08%
6.9
12.99%
7.0
12.94%
7.1
12.30%
7.2
12.24%
7.3
12.21%
7.4
10.17%
7.5
6.56%
7.6
6.56%
7.7
2.00%
7.8
2.00%
7.9
1.41%
8.0
0.00%
8.1
0.00%
8.2
0.00%
8.3
0.00%
8.4
0.00%
8.5
0.00%
8.6
0.00%
8.7
0.00%
8.8
0.00%
8.9
0.00%
9.0
0.00%
9.1
0.00%
9.2
0.00%
Portageville Earthquake by Zipcode | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
sulfur fungus
Noun
* 1) A yellow bracket fungus,, which causes a type of brown rot in trees. The fruiting bodies form on the sides of the trees and can reach several metres in width, but are edible when small. | WIKI |
No doubt about it, for a lot of people, alcohol is a part of adult life —a glass of wine at dinner, a funny meme shared on social media, a craft brewery tour with friends. But when you are living with arthritis, including alcohol in your life could pose issues, and your doctor will likely advise you to keep to a moderate intake or to abstain altogether. Let’s take a closer look at some key areas around alcohol and arthritis.
Alcohol and arthritis drug interactions
A number of the drugs that help to manage arthritis symptoms don’t mix well with alcohol. This includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (sold under brand names like Advil and Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve), because there’s a greater risk of stomach ulcers and bleeding. Combining alcohol and medications like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or rheumatoid arthritis drugs methotrexate (Trexall) or leflunomide (Arava) can make you more prone to liver damage.
Alcohol, arthritis and weight management
One way to help keep stress off your joints and reduce your arthritis symptoms is to manage your weight. However, alcohol is considered “empty calories” because it has little if any nutritional benefit. Cutting down on alcohol or abstaining is one way to watch your calorie intake. As well, a number of recent studies suggest that drinking cues your body to eat more and to eat higher-fat, savoury foods.
The impact of alcohol on sleep
Fatigue and disrupted sleep can be part of living with arthritis, and alcohol is known to have a negative effect on the quality and quantity of sleep. While you may fall asleep faster after a drink, alcohol disrupts body chemicals and rhythms that help you stay asleep and get restorative sleep. Alcohol also relaxes the muscles in your throat, making you more susceptible to snoring and sleep apnea. Plus, alcohol is a diuretic, so you may wake up for more bathroom trips.
The relationship between alcohol and gout
If you have gout, you know that levels of uric acid in your blood are directly related to the disease. Alcohol, especially beer, distilled liquor and some wine, increases uric acid levels, which is why people with gout are advised to limit or omit alcohol.
Alcohol and mental health
Dealing with the symptoms of arthritis can make you more prone to fatigue, anxiety or depression. Remember that alcohol is a depressant, which means it slows down the areas of your brain that deal with behaviour and thinking. Reaching for alcohol to help you deal with mental health issues can end up making your overall mood worse.
Some people living with arthritis find it easy to decrease their alcohol intake once they see the effect it has on managing their symptoms, while others find the switch more challenging. Talk to your arthritis care team to learn how to make healthy changes.
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Current rating: 4.3 (96 ratings) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Raphael Noway
The result was delete. NFOOTY only presumes and does not establish notability, which means that if notability is substantially questioned, GNG must be shown to be met - which nobody here argues is the case. The "keep" opinions must therefore be given less weight. Sandstein 21:15, 27 December 2021 (UTC)
Raphael Noway
* – ( View AfD View log | edits since nomination)
Footballer who fails GNG and NFOOTY. No appearances in matches that satisfy NFOOTY - Micronesia isn't a FIFA or OFC member, and South Pacific Games aren't FIFA A-level matches. See also: Articles for deletion/Peter Igesumai. -- BlameRuiner (talk) 06:22, 20 December 2021 (UTC) Keep - There’s Noway you can delete this article (haha). But in all seriousness, the football tournament at the 2003 Pacific Games was an official OFC tournament.(www.rsssf.com/tabless/southpac03.html) I was under the impression that federation tournaments counted towards WP:NFOOTY. News headlines from Micronesia are hard to come by, but surely this would be enough for presumed notability? Davidlofgren1996 (talk) 11:32, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Delete per no FIFA internationals and lack of information to back up an article. In a WP:BEFORE there are absolutely no sources outside of Wikipedia and stat databases. Geschichte (talk) 09:14, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Sportspeople-related deletion discussions. Shellwood (talk) 09:28, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Football-related deletion discussions. Shellwood (talk) 09:28, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Oceania-related deletion discussions. Shellwood (talk) 09:28, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in WikiProject Football's list of association football-related deletions. Spiderone (Talk to Spider) 10:09, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Keep passes NFOOTY.--Ortizesp (talk) 17:59, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Delete - NFOOTBALL is debatable, GNG is clear cut. Fails the latter so not notable. GiantSnowman 19:53, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
* Delete, per GiantSnowman. Clear consensus that squeaking by on NFOOTY doesn't do it anymore - we need a GNG pass for marginal cases like this one. ♠PMC♠ (talk) 07:56, 27 December 2021 (UTC)
| WIKI |
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Holiday shoppers are feeling generous this year
It's crunch time for gift-givers this holiday season. With 10 days left until Christmas, retailers are hoping to cash in on the final stretch of shopping. So far, spending is strong. While the sales growth rates vary between different data gathering firms and techniques, the overall trend shows a better holiday season for retailers so far this year. Here's a roundup of the latest spending data: According to Mastercard SpendingPulse, U.S. retail spending is up 3.6 percent between Nov. 1 and Dec. 9 from the same period in 2016. E-commerce sales are up 16.3 percent since November. What's more, Mastercard SpendingPulse projects 2017 will see the strongest holiday season sales growth since 2010, potentially surpassing 5 percent year-over-year growth. SpendingPulse figures are based on aggregated sales activity in the Mastercard payment network, coupled with survey-based estimates for other payment forms. When it comes to category strength, Mastercard says home-related purchases are leading the way. While not typically thought of as a gift, home improvement-related sales are up 11.6 percent and home furniture and furnishings are up 3.5 percent over 2016 holiday levels. The early doorbuster deals from such retailers as Best Buy, Kohl's and Target look to have captured shoppers' early dollars and attention. Mastercard said the first three weeks of November saw a significant spending increase over last year, particularly the week ending on Nov. 11. Spending patterns are showing the typical "lull" period in early to mid-December. Another big shopping surge is expected in the final week before Christmas. First Data is even more bullish on the holiday spending based on the results of its latest sample of 1.3 million brick-and-mortar and online merchants' point-of-sale activity. In its mid-season update, First Data said not only is retail sales growth strong at 5.4 percent higher than last year from Nov. 1 to Dec. 11, it's more than double last year's growth rate of 2 percent. While e-commerce is outperforming sales in physical retail, First Data numbers show 3.9 percent growth for brick-and-mortar store sales so far this season. Electronics and appliances sales are leading the way, with a 9.3 percent improvement over last year. Building materials and do-it-yourself goods are up 6.9 percent. However, sporting goods, hobby, books and music sales are down 0.9 percent year over year. That's similar to last year's rate at this time, but this year it's the only First Data category that's down. In 2016, First Data said four categories were seeing lower sales at this point in the season. Geographically, First Data says consumers in the Southwest are spending the most, up nearly 6 percent from last year, which could be in part a halo effect of hurricane recovery. Spending in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland and Delaware, however, is meager in comparison, up just 1.4 percent. Data from industry tracking firm NPD said retail sales are up 2 percent in the first five weeks of the season through Dec. 2 across general merchandise categories. Like MasterCard's data, NPD sees a surge in the second week with sales up 9 percent from 2016. NPD gathers its data from leading retailers providing weekly point-of-sale data in U.S. stores and online in apparel, toys, technology, athletic footwear, prestige beauty, small home appliances and office supplies. By category, the group says small home appliances, prestige beauty and technology lead the first week of December. But for the season so far, beauty is the winner. "While the first week of November started out slow, with a 3 percent gain for beauty, week 2 experienced a 15 percent increase and weeks 3 and 4 have seen beauty sales really take off, posting the strongest gains of all the industries NPD is tracking this holiday," Larissa Jensen, NPD executive director and beauty industry analyst, said in a blog post. The top performing product categories this season through Dec. 2, according to NPD: home automation (security and monitoring products and services), stereo headphones, kitchen appliance (driven by "cookers"), LCD TVs and sport leisure footwear. But NPD's chief industry advisor Marshal Cohen cautions that big price discounts are taking a bite out of the total spending numbers. "Leading segments are struggling to make up for aggressive promotions that counteract positive product movement in others," Cohen said. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Java Language Why Use Getters and Setters?
Example
Consider a basic class containing an object with getters and setters in Java:
public class CountHolder {
private int count = 0;
public int getCount() { return count; }
public void setCount(int c) { count = c; }
}
We can't access the count variable because it's private. But we can access the getCount() and the setCount(int) methods because they are public. To some, this might raise the question; why introduce the middleman? Why not just simply make they count public?
public class CountHolder {
public int count = 0;
}
For all intents and purposes, these two are exactly the same, functionality-wise. The difference between them is the extensibility. Consider what each class says:
• First: "I have a method that will give you an int value, and a method that will set that value to another int".
• Second: "I have an int that you can set and get as you please."
These might sound similar, but the first is actually much more guarded in its nature; it only lets you interact with its internal nature as it dictates. This leaves the ball in its court; it gets to choose how the internal interactions occur. The second has exposed its internal implementation externally, and is now not only prone to external users, but, in the case of an API, committed to maintaining that implementation (or otherwise releasing a non-backward-compatible API).
Lets consider if we want to synchronize access to modifying and accessing the count. In the first, this is simple:
public class CountHolder {
private int count = 0;
public synchronized int getCount() { return count; }
public synchronized void setCount(int c) { count = c; }
}
but in the second example, this is now nearly impossible without going through and modifying each place where the count variable is referenced. Worse still, if this is an item that you're providing in a library to be consumed by others, you do not have a way of performing that modification, and are forced to make the hard choice mentioned above.
So it begs the question; are public variables ever a good thing (or, at least, not evil)?
I'm unsure. On one hand, you can see examples of public variables that have stood the test of time (IE: the out variable referenced in System.out). On the other, providing a public variable gives no benefit outside of extremely minimal overhead and potential reduction in wordiness. My guideline here would be that, if you're planning on making a variable public, you should judge it against these criteria with extreme prejudice:
1. The variable should have no conceivable reason to ever change in its implementation. This is something that's extremely easy to screw up (and, even if you do get it right, requirements can change), which is why getters/setters are the common approach. If you're going to have a public variable, this really needs to be thought through, especially if released in a library/framework/API.
2. The variable needs to be referenced frequently enough that the minimal gains from reducing verbosity warrants it. I don't even think the overhead for using a method versus directly referencing should be considered here. It's far too negligible for what I'd conservatively estimate to be 99.9% of applications.
There's probably more than I haven't considered off the top of my head. If you're ever in doubt, always use getters/setters. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
How to: Initialize a Multidimensional Array
You can initialize a multidimensional array variable the same ways you can initialize a one-dimensional array, except that you must account for every dimension.
To initialize a multidimensional array variable
• In the array variable declaration, specify each index upper bound inside the parentheses, separated by commas. The following example declares and creates a variable to hold a two-dimensional array with elements of the Short Data Type (Visual Basic), specifying only the upper bounds.
Dim sizes(1, 1) As Short
Following the execution of this statement, the array in variable sizes has a total of four elements, at indexes (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), and (1, 1), holding default values. If you create an array in this manner, you must use a subsequent assignment statement to assign each element value.
-or-
• Follow the declaration with an equal sign (=) and a New (Visual Basic) clause. In the New clause, repeat the element data type, specify the index upper bounds inside parentheses, and supply empty braces ({}). The following example declares and creates a variable to hold a three-dimensional array with elements of the Short data type, specifying only the upper bounds.
Dim replyCounts(,,) As Short = New Short(2, 1, 2) {}
Following the execution of this statement, the array in variable replyCounts has 18 elements holding default values. If you create an array in this manner, you must use a subsequent assignment statement to assign each element value.
Note
You can initialize the index upper bounds in only one location. If you specify upper bounds in the parentheses following the array variable name, you cannot use a New clause. If you specify upper bounds in the parentheses in the New clause, you must leave the parentheses following the variable name empty.
-or-
• In the New clause, specify each index upper bound inside the parentheses, and supply the element values inside the braces ({}). The following example declares, creates, and initializes a variable to hold a two-dimensional array with elements of the Short data type, specifying the upper bounds and the values. Note the two levels of braces in the New clause.
Dim startingScores(,) As Short = New Short(1, 1) {{10, 10}, {10, 10}}
Following the execution of this statement, the array in variable startingScores holds four initialized elements. If you supply both the upper bounds and the values, you must include a value for every element from index 0 through the upper bound in every dimension.
-or-
• In the New clause, leave the parentheses empty except for commas for the appropriate number of dimensions, and supply the element values inside the braces ({}). The following example declares, creates, and initializes a variable to hold a two-dimensional array with elements of the Single Data Type (Visual Basic), specifying only the element values. Note the two levels of braces in the New clause.
Dim diagonal(,) As Single = New Single(,) {{1, 0}, {0, 1}}
Following the execution of this statement, the array in variable diagonal holds four initialized elements.
See Also
Tasks
How to: Declare an Array Variable
How to: Create an Array with More Than One Dimension
How to: Initialize an Array Variable
How to: Initialize a Jagged Array
Troubleshooting Arrays
Concepts
Multidimensional Arrays in Visual Basic
Other Resources
Arrays in Visual Basic | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Category talk:Outsider music
List of experimental musicians should be removed, because there are very few if any people on that list that are truely musical outsiders.
Why is "Wing (singer)" listed under T? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs)
I think this article is rubbish and should be removed. There is no theoretical underpinning behind this supposed category, and it distorts the work of some of the inviduals named. — Preceding unsigned comment added by B.gilmore (talk • contribs)
* There's no theoretical underpinning to most subgenres of popular music. Nevertheless, this term is in use and the categorization valid. If some artists do not belong in this category, they should be removed from it; the category itself is not invalidated by occasional misuse. — Gwalla | Talk 04:59, 1 January 2007 (UTC)
* It's a totally ambiguous term (while all genre terms are to an extent, you can sometimes at least find a consensus about what is or isn't a certain genre) and I don't think it's possible to provide appropriate citations, so yeah.BigglesTh9 07:33, 4 May 2007 (UTC)
I dont think Ween should be involved as they are "conscious" of what they are doing, though maybe im not the best informed on them.
Antifolk
Antifolk is completely different from outsider music. I have no idea why a bunch of random English antifolk acts in this category -- David Cronenberg's Wife, Extradition Order, Paul Hawkins, and any similar others should probably be removed. Howard Luedtke doesn't seem to fit this category either. --S-man (talk) 17:26, 17 January 2010 (UTC) | WIKI |
Meal Prep 101: Part 1
Meal Prep 101: Part 1
Preparing Your Meals To Suit Your Macronutrient Requirements
In this E-Book, you will be able to gain a clear understanding of your Macronutrient requirements; commonly know as “Macro’s” and how to prepare so that you hit your requirements every single day.
Having a basic understanding of your calories will enable you to pick this up quite fast. If you are new to the whole calories and macro game; then don’t stress, because we will do our very best in this booklet to be as simple and precise as we can.
First thing is first, you need to download the free app called My Fitness Pal, this app allows you track your calories and macro’s on a daily basis. Or in our case, use as a calculator so that we know what we are consuming.
Do not worry about setting your goals into My Fitness Pal as this can be quite misleading.
What we need you to do, is head to tdeecalculator.net and enter your information (see screenshot below). We recommend that you select *Moderate 3-5 days* for your activity factor.
Once you have entered in your details, you will be taken to the next page which then shows you your BMR (basal metabolic rate) and maintenance based on your information you’ve selected. (see below)
We are going to use the number shown for maintenance. In this case, it’s 3,187 per day.
NOTE: The number displayed may not be a true reflection of where you currently are. Your metabolism may be lower than what is reflected if you have not been very active in the past 3 months. You can expect your metabolism to increase within 4-6 weeks of consistent training.
This amount of calories is how many I would need to consume for me to stay exactly where I am with my body composition.
For me to be able to lose weight, this number needs to be in a deficit. The safest range to start with is 500 calories. Giving you a weekly deficit of 3500 calories (500 x 7=3500); equivalent to a .5 – .7kg loss in a week. Providing that we hit that number every day, which would be;
Maintenance Calories – 500 = Daily Goal Intake for weight loss
3,187 – 500 = 2,687
So my new daily calorie intake goal is 2,687.
Now the fun part, we know that I need to eat ~2,687 calories per day to lose about .5kg per week; but how do I structure this so that I do not lose muscle in the process? How do I know what 2,687 calories looks like?
Remember, we are going for body recomposition here, the main objective is to decrease body fat % and increase/preserve as much lean muscle as possible so that we can achieve the “toned” look.
So now let’s talk Macro’s, Macronutrients consist of 3 Primary and essential nutrients. Protein, Fats & Carbohydrates. We will refer to these as P, F & C. Pretty self explanatory.
The first thing that you need to know is this:
Protein – 1 gram = 4 Calories, example: 100g = 400 calories
Fats – 1 gram = 9 calories, example: 10g = 90 calories
Carbs – 1 gram = 4 calories, example: 50g = 200 calories
Let’s break it down. Using the statistics from the example above.
Body Weight: 100kg
Calorie Goal: 2,687
To be able to preserve and build lean muscle, we need protein which is made up of amino acids that circulate in our blood stream to keep our muscles fed. Protein is the most important Macro of them all, your hair, skin and nails are forms of protein, it’s not just about 6 pack abs and biceps.
To calculate your protein intake for 1 day, we base this off your current weight and multiply it by 2.5
So using our body weight of 100kg; 100kg x 2.5 = 250
That’s 250 grams of protein per day. Now, if we know that 1 gram of protein is worth 4 calories. We would multiply 250 by 4 to work out just how many calories that is.
250 x 4 = 1000 calories.
P = 250g / 1000 calories (This is my daily goal intake for Protein only)
Fats, vital for hormone regulation and production of new cells, fats come in 4 main forms, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, saturated & trans-unsaturated (Trans fats). Trans fats and Saturated fats are the ones that we should limit the most. It’s ideal to consume monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats predominately.
For minimal hormone balance and regulation, it’s suggested that you should never go below an intake of .3 x body weight. We suggest using .6 – .8 as your multiplier to calculate your fat intake.
So back to my body weight of 100kg; 100kg x .8 = 80
80g of Fats for my daily intake. Now, we know that 1 gram of Fats = 9 calories.
80 x 9 = 720 calories
F = 80g / 720 calories (This is my daily goal intake for Fats only)
What we know so far,
Protein = 250g / 1000 calories
Fats = 80g / 720 calories
Remember our calorie goal? It was 2687.
If we add the calories together from our Protein and Fats calculations, we end up 1,720 calories. (1000 + 720 = 1720)
So if we refer back to our daily calorie goal of 2687 and minus 1720, it will leave us with the amount of calories that we have left for that day which we can then spend on carbohydrates!
2687 – 1720 = 967 calories remaining.
If we know that 1 gram of carbohydrate equals 4 calories. All we have to do is divide the remaining calories by 4 to work out how many grams of carbohydrates we can have.
967/4 = 241.75 (we would round that to 240 to make life easier)
C = 240g / 960 calories
And BOOM! You have just calculated your Calorie intake AND your macronutrient intake.
Let’s double check it to make sure that we got it right
P = 250g / 1000 calories
F = 80g / 720 calories
C = 240g / 960 calories
P + F + C = Total Daily calories
1000 + 720 + 960 = 2,680. (Our goal was 2,687, but remember that we rounded the carbohydrate total from 241.75g to 240g)
That, Ladies & Gentlemen, is part 1 out of the way. Now you have your targets to hit. If you’re having trouble with the first few steps, go back to the start, read it again and have another go. If all else fails, just have a word to your assigned coach or post in the FB group and we’ll help you out.
In part two, we will show you how to work out the portion sizes and structure your meals.
KP
FF+
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Ante-Nicene Christian Library Vol 3.djvu/123
Rh For, if it were possible for you, you would not grudge to spend the night in the libraries.
Since, then, you have read much, what is your opinion of the precepts of Zeno, and Diogenes, and Cleanthes, which their books contain, inculcating the eating of human flesh: that fathers be cooked and eaten by their own children; and that if any one refuse or reject a part of this infamous food, he himself be devoured who will not eat? An utterance even more godless than these is found,—that, namely, of Diogenes, who teaches children to bring their own parents in sacrifice, and devour them. And does not the historian Herodotus narrate that Cambyses, when he had slaughtered the children of Harpagus, cooked them also, and set them as a meal before their father? And, still further, he narrates that among the Indians the parents are eaten by their own children. Oh! the godless teaching of those who recorded, yea, rather, inculcated such things! Oh! their wickedness and godlessness! Oh! the conception of those who thus accurately philosophized, and profess philosophy! For they who taught these doctrines have filled the world with iniquity.
And regarding lawless conduct, those who have blindly wandered into the choir of philosophy have, almost to a man, spoken with one voice. Certainly Plato, to mention him first who seems to have been the most respectable philosopher among them, expressly, as it were, legislates in his first book, entitled The Republic, that the wives of all be common, using the precedent of the son of Jupiter and the lawgiver of the Cretans, in order that under this pretext there might be an abundant offspring from the best persons, and that those who were worn with toil might be comforted by such intercourse." | WIKI |
What is Visceral Manipulation (VM)?
Published: Nov 30, 2020 | Updated: Jul 9, 2021
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Book - Abdominal Massage eBook - Yoni Treatments Guide eBook - Tantric and Taoist Massage and Bodywork eBook - Genital Massage and Bodywork eBook - Sensual Erotic Massages Book - Fertility Treatments
What is Visceral Manipulation (VM)?
Visceral Manipulation (VM) is an internal organs abdominal massage healing modality developed by the French Osteopath Jean Pierre Barral.
The idea behind the work is that organ restrictions force the body to compensate, which may create abnormal tensions and chronic irritations that can be transmitted through the tissues across the body causing a range of discomforts or ailments.
Organ mobility can become restricted due to emotional trauma, surgery, infection, posture, diet, pregnancy, and childbirth, to give some examples.
With palpation techniques, VM tries to identify abnormal motion patterns and the source of the compensatory patterns. One of the methods used to identify areas of stress is by palpating the associated energy, which, according to VM is “thermal.” Manual thermal evaluation is therefore an important tool in VM.
You may also be interested in:
◾ What is Abdominal Massage? | Visceral Massage
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After establishing the source of problems, the treatment then uses light or firmer touch, rhythmic motions, mobilization and/or stretches to encourage the normal mobility, tone and motion of the viscera and the connective tissues involved.
These manipulations can potentially improve the functioning of individual organs, the systems the organs function within, and the structural integrity of the entire body.
During the treatment, the receiver can be in a sitting, lying, or kneeling position.
It’s thought that VM may be able to treat health issues such as whiplash, chest or abdominal sports injuries, bloating, constipation, nausea, headaches, neck and back pains, sciatica, sexual and reproductive disorders, gastritis, abdominal pains related to scar tissues, anxiety and depression.
More about What is Visceral Manipulation can be read on the website of the Barral Institute.
RELATED EBOOKS
Book - Abdominal Massage eBook - Yoni Treatments Guide eBook - Tantric and Taoist Massage and Bodywork eBook - Genital Massage and Bodywork eBook - Sensual Erotic Massages Book - Fertility Treatments
Related Articles
Health Benefits of Abdominal Massage
Abdominal Massage and Digestive Health
Fertility Massage and Reflexology
What is Abdominal Massage? | Visceral Massage
Holistic Pelvic Care™ | Physically and Energetically Realigning the Pelvis
Mercier Therapy | Gynovisceral Manipulative Bodywork | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Same-sex marriage in the Tenth Circuit
link to same sex by federal circuit
why delete that?
--Patbahn (talk) 16:24, 26 September 2014 (UTC) | WIKI |
user1991179 user1991179 - 11 months ago 92
CSS Question
jVectorMap renders small with Angularjs
This question is very similar to the one posed here. However, with some small differences. My map has loaded without issue when I initially dropped it in the site. I am going through the process of adding Angularjs to the site and noticed the 'small' map issue. I have one very simple code injection which seems to be triggering something with load order.
The strange thing is the following: IF I resize the browser I eventually get to a place where the map is being displayed as expected (per div css). This is why I believe it to be a load order issue, but it is not resolved with a .resize() call.
Not sure if it is relevant but this is driven by an Express, Nodejs webserver on the backend. The map appeared as expected with the webserver set up and no Angularjs code injection.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Edit: Code below. Note without the ng-include (which is just a list of css files) this loads normally.
<html ng-app class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7">
<head ng-include="'style.html'">
<script src="vendor/modernizr-2.6.2-respond-1.1.0.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="main" class="container">
<div id="content" class="content bg-base section">
<div id="map" class="span10"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
<script>
$(function(){ $('#map').vectorMap(
{
map: 'world_mill_en',
backgroundColor: 'transparent',
regionsSelectable: true,
regionsSelectableOne: true,
regionStyle:
{
selected: { fill: 'Red' }
}
});
});
</script>
</html>
Answer Source
I was very reluctant to load my map with a directive, but at the end of the day I caved. For those experiencing the same problem please see below for my code: HTML looks something like this:
<div class="item active">
<div countrymap class="span10"></div>
<div class="carousel-caption">
<h3 style="color:red" ><strong>{{countryName}}</strong><h3>
</div>
</div>
And the directive looks something like this:
app.directive('countrymap', [function()
{
return {
restrict: 'A',
link: function(scope, element, attrs) {
$(element).width('auto'),
$(element).height(500),
scope.$watch("countryMap", function (newCountry, oldCountry)
{
setTimeout( function()
{
$(element).vectorMap
({
map: newCountry,
backgroundColor: 'transparent',
regionsSelectable: true,
regionsSelectableOne: true,
zoomButtons : false
});
}, 20);
})
}
};
}]); | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
In the Small, Small Pond
In the Small, Small Pond is a 1994 Caldecott Honor Book written and illustrated by Denise Fleming. It is the sequel to Fleming's In the Tall, Tall Grass (1991). In 2001, the film was adapted into an animated short narrated by Laura Dern and released by Weston Woods Studios, Inc.
Awards and reception
Kirkus praised In the Small, Small Pond for its unique rhyme scheme and artful design, especially its paper and typography “… in bold black, beautifully integrated into art created in the process of making paper from pulp dyed in brilliant colors.” In 2013, the Phoenix Picture Book Award selected In the Small, Small Pond as runner-up to its annual award given to a children's book published twenty years ago that did not receive a major award. | WIKI |
Mexico in three-day countdown to search for earthquake survivors
MEXICO CITY (Reuters) - Rescuers are unlikely to find any more survivors of Mexico’s earthquake still buried in the ruins and will cease operations to find them at the end of Thursday, the emergency services chief said. Tuesday marks one week since the 7.1 magnitude quake struck around lunchtime, killing 331 people, damaging 11,000 homes and leading to a outpouring of civilian volunteers to aid and comfort the victims. Luis Felipe Puente, coordinator of Mexico’s Civil Protection agency, told Reuters that rescuers would continue hand-picking through the debris at four sites until Thursday. “I can say that at this time it would be unlikely to find someone alive,” Puente said, considering that specially trained dogs have yet to pick up the scent of survivors. Forty-three people were still missing, including 40 who may have been trapped beneath a collapsed office building in the Roma district of Mexico City, Puente said. One person was believed missing at each of three other sites in the capital. At the office building, relatives protested overnight, increasingly angry with the slow progress recovering their loved ones and an alleged lack of information. Asked how much longer search and rescue operations would continue, the official responded, “As of today (Monday), we have agreed to another 72 hours.” The week began with signs that Mexico was resuming its routine as the streets filled with traffic and more than 44,000 schools in six states reopened. But in the capital city, only 676 of the more than 8,000 public and private schools resumed classes. The quake, coming exactly 32 years after a 1985 earthquake killed some 10,000 people, delivered a massive psychological blow that specialists say will take time to overcome. “The children are in crisis and don’t want to talk. Some kids didn’t even remember their own names,” said Enriqueta Ortuno, 57, a psychotherapist who has been working with victims in the hard-hit Xochimilco district. Much of the nation’s attention was focused on a fallen school in Mexico City where 19 children and seven adults died. Later on Tuesday, the top official in the municipality where the school was located was due to reveal documents related to the its construction. That school was one of many buildings that prosecutors will investigate, Puente said. Roughly 10 percent of damaged buildings were constructed after strict building codes were enacted in the wake of the 1985 earthquake. “The Mexico City mayor and the national government have already ordered judicial investigations to determine who was responsible for new construction that did not meet the requirements,” Puente said from Civil Protection headquarters, where a roomful of technicians monitored seismic activity and tropical storms on an array of screens. In Mexico City, 187 people died in 38 buildings that collapsed. Mayor Miguel Angel Mancera said thousands of families who lost their homes in uninhabitable buildings would be offered 3,000 ($170) pesos monthly in temporary rent assistance. Rescuers pulled 69 people from quake-damaged properties, of whom 37 were still in the hospital as of Monday, 11 of them in grave condition, Puente said. Demolitions of buildings that are beyond repair could begin as soon as Tuesday, he said. Responders from 18 countries came to Mexico to help, but with the search for survivors down to four sites most of them had gone home, with Americans and Israelis among the few to remain, Puente said. The Japanese contingent left on Monday. International aid was now focused on humanitarian needs, Puente said, with China providing large numbers of beds, tents and kitchen and bathroom fixtures for temporary shelters for the homeless. But the biggest contributions came from Mexicans themselves, who responded with so much food, supplies and volunteer work that officials had difficulty moving largesse from wealthy and accessible neighborhoods to the most needy. Puente recognized some “deficiencies” in coordinating relief efforts, but overall, he said, “The government today is an international benchmark.” Additional reporting by Frank Jack Daniel; Editing by Bill Trott | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
refractive index
(redirected from Complex index of refraction)
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia.
Related to Complex index of refraction: Refractive indices
refractive index
(ri-frak -tiv) (index of refraction) Symbol: n . The ratio of the speed of light, c , in a vacuum to the speed of light in a given medium. This is the absolute refractive index; it is always greater than one. The relative refractive index is the ratio of the speeds of light in two given media. The refractive index of a medium depends on the wavelength of the refracted wave: with light waves, n increases as the wavelength decreases, i.e. blue light is refracted (bent) more than red light. See also refraction.
Refractive Index
The relative refractive index of two media is the dimensionless ratio n21 of the velocity of the propagation of light (less frequently, of radio waves) in the first medium (v1) to that in the second medium (v2); thus, n21 = v1/v2. At the same time, the relative refractive index is the ratio of the sines of the angle of incidence a and the angle of refraction β at the interface between the two media: n21 = sin α/sin β. If the first medium is a vacuum (in which the speed of light is c ≃ 3 × 1010 cm/sec), the refractive index of the medium relative to the vacuum is called the absolute refractive index: n = c/v. The relative refractive index is the ratio between the absolute refractive indexes of the two media: n21 = n2/n1.
The refractive index depends on the wavelength λ (frequency v) of the radiation (seeDISPERSION OF LIGHT). The absolute refractive index is related to the dielectric constant ∊ and magnetic permeability μ of the medium by the equation = Semicontinuous Function (∊ and μ are also functions of λ). The absolute refractive index of a medium is determined by the polarizability of its component particles, as well as by the structure of the medium and its state of aggregation (seeCLAUSIUS-MOSSOTTI EQUATION, LORENTZ-LORENZ FORMULA, AND ). In the case of mediums characterized by optical anisotropy, whether natural or induced, the refractive index depends on the radiation’s direction of propagation and its polarization. Many crystals are typical anisotropic media (seeCRYSTAL OPTICS). Media that absorb radiation are described by a complex refractive index ñ = n(1 + ik), where the term containing only n usually corresponds to the transmission of light without scattering and κ = /4π describes absorption (k is the absorption coefficient of the medium). (See.)
In the range of visible light, the refractive index varies from 1.3 to 4.0 for weakly absorbing transparent solids. For liquids it ranges from 1.2 to 1.9, and for gases under normal conditions from 1.000035 (He) to 1.000702 (Xe).
refractive index
[ri′frak·tiv ‚in‚deks]
refractive index
A property of a material that changes the speed of light, computed as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light through the material. When light travels at an angle between two different materials, their refractive indices determine the angle of transmission (refraction) of the light beam. In general, the refractive index varies based on the frequency of the light as well, thus different colors of light travel at different speeds. High intensities also can change the refractive index.
The refractive index of a vacuum is 1.0, and air is a tiny fraction greater than 1.0. The higher the index, the slower the speed of light through the medium, because the speed through the material is the speed of light (c) over the refractive index (n), thus speed = c/n. Following are common refractive indices. See fiber optics glossary.
RefractiveMaterial Index (n)
Vacuum 1.0
Air 1.0**
Water 1.33
Glass 1.45-1.48
Lithium niobate 2.25
Gallium arsenide 3.35
Silicon 3.5
Germanium 4.0
** = air is a tiny franction
greater than 1.0
Refractive Indices
When light travels at an angle between two materials, light bends according to their refractive indices. In order to reflect, light must be on the wider side of the critical angle.
Full browser ? | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Tom Pratt (footballer, born 1873)
Thomas Peet Pratt (28 August 1873 – 1935) was an English professional footballer who played as an inside forward.
Career
Pratt started playing for Fleetwood Rangers in 1894, before moving to Grimsby Town in 1895. He then was signed by Preston North End in 1896 where stayed for the next three seasons. Pratt then signed for Tottenham Hotspur in April 1899. His debut for Tottenham was the first Southern League game away to Millwall which Spurs won 3–1. Spending one season at the club helped them with the Southern League. He was also the top scorer that season while he was at Tottenham, scoring 54 goals in 60 appearances. However, he did not feel settled at the club, and returned to Preston in 1900. He stay in Preston until July 1903. In August 1903, Pratt signed for Arsenal. He made his debut for Arsenal in the opening game of the season in a 3–0 win against Blackpool. In all, Pratt played 10 times for Arsenal and scored one goal. He subsequently joined Fulham in August 1904.
Honours
Tottenham Hotspur
* Southern Football League winner: 1899–1900 | WIKI |
Meritage Homes Corp Sees Profits Rise on a Strategic Pivot
The housing market continues to remain relatively healthy according to Meritage Homes Corp (NYSE: MTH) , which reported financial and operating results for the second quarter on August 1. Meritage actually sold 2% fewer homes in the quarter, but a 3% increase in the average closing sales price offset the unit decline and kept revenue relatively flat year over year. It also -- along with an increase in spec homes (homes built before a customer had agreed to buy it) -- helped drive gross margin up 40 basis points year over year, and up 150 basis points from the first quarter . This increase in margin paid off, increasing earnings before taxes 7%, and earnings per share 3%.
The company didn't deliver on big unit or revenue growth in the quarter, but Chairman and CEO Steve Hilton pointed out that Meritage's new community count was up 7% at quarter-end, ahead of the 5% growth pace management is aiming for. The company also acquired 4,000 new lots, 70% of which will be used for communities targeting the growing entry-level buyer market.
Keep reading to learn more about Meritage Homes' quarter, as well as what management has to say about the future.
A closer look at the results
According to the Meritage release, a number of factors came into play in the quarter to help drive the results. To start, Hilton said demand was especially high in markets where the company has opened more entry-level communities, including Arizona and Texas. The average selling price in these communities is lower than Meritage's historical averages, as was demonstrated by the 7% and 3% drop in Arizona and Texas, respectively, but the company says it will build a higher mix of spec homes in these communities, which sell with higher gross margins.
In other words, entry-level homes may sell for less, but they can be more profitable, too. This is a big part of why the company is pivoting to a higher mix of entry-level inventory, since first-time millennial homebuyers are quickly becoming a major driving force behind home sales and will likely be for years to come. In the second quarter, 51% of home closing were spec homes, up sharply from 42% last year.
It's worth pointing out the main reason more of the gross margin and pre-tax profit increase didn't reach the bottom line. As the first paragraph at the top mentioned, pre-tax income was up 7%, while earnings per share increased 3% and net income was up 4%. Meritage's effective tax rate so far this year was 34.8%, up 400 basis points from 30.8% last year. This increase is almost entirely tied to the expiration of a number of energy-efficiency tax credits the company had been exploiting in prior years, tied to the use of certain energy-efficient products in the construction of homes.
This tax credit, for now, is expired, and there's very little indication of whether or not it would be reinstated under any tax reform legislation, considering the state of gridlock in Washington D.C. at the moment.
The good news is, it wasn't only a bump in gross margin -- which is entirely the difference between direct costs tied to building a home and the selling price -- which drove higher profits. SG&A, or sales, general, and administrative expenses, were about $1 million lower in the second quarter on similar revenue. This means as a percent of revenue, SGA expenses fell about 10 basis points in the second quarter. So far this year, SG&A expenses are down 50 basis points as a percent of sales, to 11.1% of sales. The company's long-term goal is between 10.5% and 11% of sales for SG&A.
Looking ahead
After a moderately successful quarter that showed very positive results from the company's expanded foray into entry-level communities, management made some revisions to full-year guidance. To start, the full-year home closing target was increased 1,000 units, from 7,500-7,900 to 7,600-8,000 homes closed. However, since it seems a higher mix of those homes will be entry level, management kept full-year revenue guidance between $3.1 billion and $3.3 billion, and it also held firm on its expectations for 34% to 35% effective tax rate, gross margin percent, and SG&A leverage to improve by 30-80 basis points.
For the third quarter, the expectation is to close on 1,875 to 1,975 homes, 4% to 10% higher than last year, generating 6% to 13% higher revenue between $780 million and $830 million, and pre-tax earnings between $53 million and $58 million, which falls between a 3% decline and 7% increase year over year .
All considered, the guidance above has the company on track to generate roughly the same net profits this year as last, on a nearly 500 basis point increase in its tax rate. The majority of this pre-tax income improvement will be from operating leverage as the company drives down SG&A as a percent of revenue. And while full-year guidance is for similar gross margin to last year, it's likely that if the company finishes close to the high end of its home closing guidance, margins will improve since a lot of those sales will be higher-margin spec homes.
Bottom line: Meritage continues to perform relatively well, and the housing market is still quite healthy. If the uptick in millennials entering the home market for the first time continues -- a trend that could last for years -- the future for Meritage remains bright.
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Jason Hall owns shares of Meritage Homes. The Motley Fool recommends Meritage Homes. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy .
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
# Currency-Monit Module Requires Duniter 1.6.22 or higher ## Installation **Warning: only tar.gz format works ! Don't use zip format.** ### If you use web-ui, install it very easy: 1. go to localhost:9220/#/main/settings/modules and at the foot of page enter: ```bash <<<<<<< HEAD https://github.com/duniter/duniter-currency-monit/archive/0.3.7.tar.gz ======= duniter-currency-monit@0.4.5 >>>>>>> dev2 ``` then clik to button INSTALL THIS MODULE 2. restart your duniter node ### If you don't use web-ui: 1. download and uncompress archive at the location of your choice 2. plug the plugin to your duniter node: ```bash <<<<<<< HEAD duniter plug https://github.com/duniter/duniter-currency-monit/archive/0.3.7.tar.gz ======= duniter plug duniter-currency-monit@0.4.5 >>>>>>> dev2 ``` 3. Stop your duniter node and restart it in the following method: ```bash duniter currency-monit [host] [port] ``` then visit `host:port` (default is `localhost:10500`) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Boeing affirms 2007, 2008 earnings, plane delivery targets
NEW YORK (MarketWatch) - Aerospace company Boeing Co. on Wednesday affirmed forecasts of $4.55-$4.75 a share in earnings and $64.5-$65 billion in revenue for 2007; it also affirmed targets for 2008 of $5.55-$5.75 a share in earnings and $71-$72 billion in 2008 revenue. The Chicago-headquartered company also forecast an unspecified higher dividend for 2008, when research and development spending will drop to $2.8-$3 billion from an estimated $3.2-$3.4 billion in 2007. Its commercial airplane delivery forecast for 2008 remained at 515 to 520. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Eden Gaha
Eden Gaha is an Australian producer based in Los Angeles. He is currently president of Shine America.
Early life
Eden Gaha was born in Sydney and attended Newington College.
Career
From 1985 to 1986, Gaha was a singer-dancer in the inaugural run of the Solid Gold show at Gold Nugget Theatre, Australia's Wonderland. He made his screen acting debut in 1989 in the Australian drama series A Country Practice and subsequently had roles in Home and Away, G.P. and Police Rescue.
In 1992, Gaha hosted the teen game show Vidiot for the Australian public broadcaster ABC. In 1996, he became a presenter on Channel 9's Animal Hospital, where he started producing his own stories. He worked on Animal Hospital for four years.
In 1999, Gaha received a Centenary of Federation grant to produce the documentary The Ties that Bind. Subsequently, a series of six half-hour documentaries was completed where prominent Australians of ethnic parents travel back to the birthplace of their ancestors. Each documentary is a personal journey of discovery to find what it means to be Australian.
In 2003, Gaha began working on Survivor (US) as supervising producer with Mark Burnett where he was nominated twice for the primetime Emmy Award. With Burnett, he worked as co-executive producer on The Apprentice, The Contender, Pirate Master and Rock Star. He completed his fifth season of Celebrity Apprentice as executive producer.
On 6 May 2011, it was announced that Gaha would be taking over the presidency of Reveille Productions from June 2011. In March 2012, Reveille became known as Shine America.
At Shine America, Gaha executive produced Masterchef, Junior Masterchef, Riot (hosted by fellow Australian compatriot Rove McManus and co-executive produced by Steve Carell), Restaurant Startup and The Biggest Loser. On 24 September 2014, it was announced that Gaha would co-produce Aloha Vet with Mike Aho for Nat Geo Wild. | WIKI |
Talk:Elizabeth Cleaver
Name
Why not simply Elizabeth Cleaver?
I made that change in the infobox writer name. --P64 (talk) 20:52, 19 July 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
Fun 23
The Fun 23 is a French trailerable sailboat, that was designed by Joubert-Nivelt for one design racing and first built in 1982. The design is out of production.
Production
The boat was built by Jeanneau in France, Ranger Yachts in the United States and Cantiere Nautico Lillia in Italy. Jeanneau built a small number of the design, while Ranger completed about 100 examples.
Design
The Fun 23 was conceived by French sailor Alain Forgeot and became an active one-design class in Europe. The design shares a sailplan with the Soling design.
The Fun 23 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a fractional sloop rig, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder and a swing-up fin keel. It displaces 1875 lb and carries 760 lb of iron ballast.
The design has a draft of 5.33 ft with the keel down and 2.33 ft with the keel up.
The boat is normally fitted with a small 2 to 4 hp outboard motor for docking and maneuvering.
The design has sleeping accommodation for four people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin and two straight settee berths in the main cabin. Cabin headroom is 46 in.
The boat has a PHRF racing average handicap of 180 with a high of 192 and low of 174. It has a hull speed of 5.67 kn.
Operational history
In a 2010 review Steve Henkel wrote, "Ranger Yachts built about 100 Fun 23's ... The French team of Joubert & Nivelt designed her ... Jeanneau in France also built a few, and an Itallian firm, Lillia, also has been a builder. Although the Fun is said to have the same sailplan as a Soling (a 27-foot one-design racing sailboat), actually the mainsails have same dimensions but the foretriangle on the Fun is much smaller than the Soling’s. There are two rigs, a short rig and a 'regular' rig ... the regular rig has a taller but still less-than-masthead jib ... she is strictly a bare-bones overnighter when it comes to accommodations." | WIKI |
Jordan Peele debuts first trailer for 'Us'
(CNN)Jordan Peele wants to give you a bit of a scare this holiday season. The "Get Out" director dropped a trailer for his new horror movie "Us" on Christmas. The film stars Winston Duke and Lupita Nyong'o as a couple who experiences a home invasion by individuals who look just like them. "I Got 5 On It" by Luniz plays throughout trailer, but the significance of the song is unclear. "Stories about monsters are one of our best ways of getting at deeper truths and facing our fears as a society," Peele recently said of the film. What sort of deeper truths? Peele said "Us" is about "the simple truth that we are our own worst enemies." The film hits theaters March 15. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Close up of the Google Chrome's logo.
Google is working on a new “Tab Freeze” feature for Chrome, which will pause (freeze) tabs you’re not using. That means lower CPU usage, a faster browser, and longer battery life on a laptop or convertible.
The Problem: Too Many Tabs
If you only had a single tab open at all times, Chrome would only need to render one web page at once. But you probably have more. Even while you’re not using them, each tab you have open in Chrome contains an open web page. That web page uses system memory. Any scripts and other active content on it continue running, too, which means the web page can use CPU resources in the background.
In some ways, this is good: Even if you switch tabs, a tab can continue playing audio or updating itself in the background. When you switch back to it, you don’t need to wait for the web page to reload—it’s instant.
But it can be bad. If you have a large number of tabs open—or even just a small number of tabs containing heavy web pages—they can use a lot of system resources, filling up your memory, taking up CPU cycles, making Chrome less responsive, and draining your battery. That’s why Chrome’s engineers created Tab Discarding and, now, Tab Freezing. They’re related features, but do different things in different situations.
How Tab Discarding Saves Your RAM
A large number of tabs open on Chrome's tab bar.
Tab Discarding was added back in 2015. This is a “memory-saving” feature, as Google puts it. In short, if your computer is low on memory, Chrome will automatically “discard” the contents of “uninteresting” tabs. Chrome won’t automatically discard a tab if you’re interacting with it, but that background tab you haven’t interacted with in hours is a prime target.
When a tab’s contents are discarded, it’s removed from your system’s memory, and the state is saved to disk. Nothing changes in Chrome’s interface—the tab appears on your tab bar and looks normal. But, when you click it and switch to it, you’ll see Chrome take a moment to quickly reload the page and get you back to where you were.
This slight delay is why Chrome only discards tab when your system’s memory is “running pretty low.” It’s good to use your RAM for caching. But automatically discarding a tab and quickly reopening it is better than forcing Chrome’s users to bookmark and close tabs manually.
When a tab is discarded, its process actually vanishes from Chrome’s built-in Task Manager, and you won’t see its memory used by Chrome anymore. When you click it to reload it, it starts up again.
How Tab Freezing Will Save Your CPU (and Battery)
Tab freezing is different from tab discarding. When a tab is frozen, its contents stay in your system’s memory. However, the tab’s contents will be “frozen.” The web page in the tab won’t be able to use CPU or perform actions in the background. For example, let’s say you have a heavy web page open in a tab somewhere, and it’s continually running scripts. After a while, Chrome will automatically “freeze” it and stop it from performing actions until you interact with it again. Those are the basics, and Google will likely explain how it works in much more detail soon.
Tab Freezing is an experimental feature. It’s built into current stable versions of Chrome 77, but can only be initiated manually. In Chrome Canary builds of the upcoming Chrome 79, Chrome will be able to automatically freeze tabs just like it can automatically discard them.
In Chrome Canary, several options are available for tab freezing if you head to chrome://flags and search for “Tab Freeze.” With this option enabled, Chrome will automatically freeze “eligible” tabs after they’ve been in the background for five minutes. Depending on which option you choose, Chrome can either leave them frozen or unfreeze them for ten seconds every fifteen minutes—just enough time to sync with a server or get a bit of work done if they need it. Google is clearly testing which option is best.
Chrome Canary's tab freezing options.
While tab freezing is an experimental feature, it’s almost certainly coming to stable versions of Chrome sometime soon—in some form, at least. The options in Chrome Canary were spotted by TechDows.
How to Play With Tab Freezing (and Discarding) Today
The current stable version of Chrome lets you play with both features if you want to know how they work. Just type chrome://discards in Chrome’s Omnibox and press Enter.
You’ll see a diagnostic page with a list of your open tabs and whether they can be frozen or discarded. On the right side of the page, you’ll see action links to “Freeze” and “Discard” each tab.
Chrome's internal chrome://discards page.
You can test it out to see the difference yourself. For example, if you launch YouTube and start playing a video, clicking “Freeze” for that tab will pause the video playback but not remove the YouTube tab’s contents from memory in the Task Manager. Clicking “Discard” instead will pause video playback and remove the tab’s contents from memory—you’ll see it vanish if you open Chrome’s Task Manager. Clicking “Load” will reload the tab’s contents to memory.
Why Discarding and Freezing Are So Useful
In other words, if your system’s memory is becoming full, Chrome will discard tabs you’re not using to free up space. It’ll silently reload them when you click the tab, but you’ll notice the page loading for a split second. There’s no need for Chrome to discard tabs while you have plenty of memory—Chrome is using that memory as a cache rather than leaving it empty. This speeds things up.
But, even if you have a lot of memory, Chrome will soon look at freezing tabs you’re not interacting with to save CPU time and battery power, potentially making Chrome and the other applications on your system more responsive. It will still keep them in memory—that way, when you reactivate a frozen tab by switching to it, the web page in the tab is ready to use as quickly as possible.
If Chrome needs to free up some memory, it might discard a frozen tab. But you can’t freeze a discarded tab: It’s already been removed from memory and isn’t truly open, so it can’t perform any actions in the background.
Now that the upcoming version of Microsoft Edge will be based on Chromium, Google’s work on Chrome will also make Windows 10’s default web browser better. Expect future versions of Edge to start freezing tabs automatically, too.
Profile Photo for Chris Hoffman Chris Hoffman
Chris Hoffman is Editor-in-Chief of How-To Geek. He's written about technology for over a decade and was a PCWorld columnist for two years. Chris has written for The New York Times and Reader's Digest, been interviewed as a technology expert on TV stations like Miami's NBC 6, and had his work covered by news outlets like the BBC. Since 2011, Chris has written over 2,000 articles that have been read more than one billion times---and that's just here at How-To Geek.
Read Full Bio » | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Landmark Bancorp, Inc. Announces Second Quarter 2025 Earnings per Share of $0.75 Declares Cash Dividend of $0.21 per Share
Manhattan, KS, July 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Landmark Bancorp, Inc. (“Landmark”; Nasdaq: LARK) reported diluted earnings per share of $0.75 for the second quarter of 2025, compared to $0.81 per share in the first quarter of 2025 and $0.52 per share in the same quarter of the prior year. Net earnings for the second quarter totaled $4.4 million, compared to $4.7 million in the prior quarter and $3.0 million in the second quarter of 2024. For the three months ended June 30, 2025, the return on average assets was 1.11%, the return on average equity was 12.25% and the efficiency ratio(1) was 62.8%.
For the first six months of 2025, diluted earnings per share totaled $1.56 compared to $1.01 during the same period in 2024. Net earnings for the first six months of 2025 totaled $9.1 million, compared to $5.8 million in the first six months of 2024. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, the return on average assets was 1.16%, the return on average equity was 12.96%, and the efficiency ratio(1) was 63.4%.
Second Quarter 2025 Performance Highlights
In making this announcement, Abby Wendel, President and Chief Executive Officer of Landmark, commented, “I am pleased to report continued strong net earnings this quarter driven by growth in loans and net interest income. Loan demand remained strong in the second quarter of 2025, especially for commercial, commercial real estate and residential mortgage loans as total gross loans increased by $42.9 million or 16.0% annualized. Despite a decrease in total deposits in the second quarter, we have sustained year-over-year growth of $23.4 million, or 1.9%. The strong growth in our loan portfolio led to net interest income growth of 24.7% over the previous year and continued expansion in our net interest margin, which increased to 3.83%. Non-interest income increased by 8.0% this quarter compared to the prior quarter and expenses were well controlled. Credit quality remained solid overall with minimal net charge-offs. A provision for credit losses of $1.0 million was recorded this quarter to reflect the growth in loans and higher reserves against individually evaluated loans on non-accrual. Our strong performance is a direct result of the daily commitment and effort our associates put into making Landmark the top choice for both customers and investors.”
Landmark’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.21 per share, to be paid August 27, 2025, to common stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 13, 2025.
Management will host a conference call to discuss the Company’s financial results at 10:00 a.m. (Central time) on Friday, July 25, 2025. Investors may participate via telephone by dialing (833) 470-1428 and using access code 703723. A replay of the call will be available through August 1, 2025, by dialing (855) 762-8306 and using access code 160217.
(1) Non-GAAP financial measure. See the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of this press release for a reconciliation.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income in the second quarter of 2025 totaled $13.7 million representing an increase of $564,000, or 4.3%, compared to the previous quarter and an increase of $2.7 million, or 24.7%, in the same quarter of the prior year. The increase in net interest income this quarter was driven by higher interest income on loans and lower interest expense on deposits. The net interest margin increased to 3.83% during the second quarter from 3.76% during the prior quarter and 3.25% in the second quarter of the prior year. Compared to the previous quarter, interest income on loans increased $791,000 to $17.2 million, due to higher average balances combined with higher yields on loans. Average loan balances increased $33.3 million, while the average tax-equivalent yield on the loan portfolio increased 3 basis points to 6.37%. Interest on investment securities declined slightly due to lower balances, partially offset by higher earning rates. Compared to the first quarter of 2025, interest on deposits decreased $92,000, or 1.8%, due to lower rates and balances. Interest on other borrowed funds increased by $284,000, due to higher average balances. The average rate on interest-bearing deposits decreased 3 basis points to 2.14% while the average rate on other borrowed funds decreased 11 basis points to 4.98% in the second quarter of 2025.
Non-Interest Income
Non-interest income totaled $3.6 million for the second quarter of 2025, an increase of $268,000 from the previous quarter. The increase in non-interest income during the second quarter of 2025 was primarily due to increases of $178,000 in gains on sales of loans and $88,000 in fees and service charges.
Non-Interest Expense
During the second quarter of 2025, non-interest expense totaled $11.0 million, an increase of $200,000, or 1.9%, compared to the prior quarter. The increase in non-interest expense was primarily due to increases of $233,000 in data processing expense and $101,000 in other non-interest expense. The increase in data processing expense resulted from the implementation of additional services added and account growth, while the increase in other non-interest expense was primarily due to higher losses at our captive insurance subsidiary. Partially offsetting those increases was a decline in professional fees related to lower consulting and legal expenses during the quarter.
Income Tax Expense
Landmark recorded income tax expense of $944,000 in the second quarter of 2025 compared to $1.0 million in the first quarter of 2025. The effective tax rate was 17.7% in the second quarter of 2025 compared to 17.8% in the first quarter of 2025.
Balance Sheet Highlights
As of June 30, 2025, gross loans totaled $1.1 billion, an increase of $42.9 million, or 16.0% annualized since March 31, 2025. During the quarter, loan growth was primarily comprised of one-to-four family residential real estate (growth of $21.5 million), commercial (growth of $13.4 million) and commercial real estate (growth of $10.9 million). Investment securities available-for-sale decreased $3.6 million during the second quarter of 2025 mainly due to maturities. Pre-tax unrealized net losses on the investment securities portfolio decreased from $17.1 million at March 31, 2025, to $13.9 million at June 30, 2025, mainly due to lower market rates for these securities at June 30, 2025.
Period end deposit balances decreased $61.9 million to $1.3 billion at June 30, 2025. The decline in deposits was driven by decreases in money market and checking accounts (decrease of $50.5 million), non-interest-bearing demand deposits (decrease of $16.5 million) and savings (decrease of $1.1 million), partially offset by an increase in certificates of deposit (increase of $6.2 million). The decrease in deposits was primarily driven by a decline in brokered deposits as well as lower core deposit balances at June 30, 2025. Total borrowings increased $105.9 million during the second quarter 2025 to fund asset growth and to offset lower deposit balances. At June 30, 2025, the loan to deposits ratio was 86.6% compared to 79.5% in the prior quarter.
Stockholders’ equity increased to $148.4 million (book value of $25.66 per share) as of June 30, 2025, from $142.7 million (book value of $24.69 per share) as of March 31, 2025. The increase in stockholders’ equity was due mainly to a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive losses (lower unrealized net losses on investment securities) along with net earnings during the quarter. The ratio of equity to total assets increased to 9.13% on June 30, 2025, from 9.04% on March 31, 2025.
The allowance for credit losses totaled $13.8 million, or 1.23% of total gross loans on June 30, 2025, compared to $12.8 million, or 1.19% of total gross loans on March 31, 2025. Net loan charge-offs totaled $40,000 in the second quarter of 2025, compared to $23,000 during the first quarter of 2025 and net recoveries of $52,000 in the second quarter of the prior year. A provision for credit losses on loans of $1.0 million was recorded in the second quarter of 2025 compared to no provision in the first quarter of 2025.
Non-performing loans totaled $17.0 million, or 1.52% of gross loans, at June 30, 2025, compared to $13.3 million, or 1.24% of gross loans, at March 31, 2025. Loans 30-89 days delinquent totaled $4.3 million, or 0.39% of gross loans, as of June 30, 2025, compared to $10.0 million, or 0.93% of gross loans, as of March 31, 2025.
About Landmark
Landmark Bancorp, Inc., the holding company for Landmark National Bank, is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “LARK.” Headquartered in Manhattan, Kansas, Landmark National Bank is a community banking organization dedicated to providing quality financial and banking services. Landmark National Bank has 29 locations in 23 communities across Kansas: Manhattan (2), Auburn, Dodge City (2), Fort Scott (2), Garden City, Great Bend (2), Hoisington, Iola, Junction City, La Crosse, Lawrence (2), Lenexa, Louisburg, Mound City, Osage City, Osawatomie, Overland Park, Paola, Pittsburg, Prairie Village, Topeka (2), Wamego and Wellsville, Kansas. Visit www.banklandmark.com for more information.
Contact: Mark A. Herpich Chief Financial Officer (785) 565-2000
Special Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This press release may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of Landmark. Forward-looking statements, which may be based upon beliefs, expectations and assumptions of our management and on information currently available to management, are generally identifiable by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “intend,” “estimate,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should” or other similar expressions. Additionally, all statements in this press release, including forward-looking statements, speak only as of the date they are made, and Landmark undertakes no obligation to update any statement in light of new information or future events. A number of factors, many of which are beyond our ability to control or predict, could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements. These factors include, among others, the following: (i) the strength of the local, state, national and international economies and financial markets, including the effects of inflationary pressures and future monetary policies of the Federal Reserve in response thereto; (ii) effects on the U.S. economy resulting from the threat or implementation of new, or changes to, existing policies, regulations, regulatory and other governmental agencies and executive orders, including tariffs, immigration policy, regulatory and other governmental agencies, DEI and ESG initiatives, consumer protection, foreign policy and tax regulations; ; (iii) changes in interest rates and prepayment rates of our assets; (iv) increased competition in the financial services sector and the inability to attract new customers, including from non-bank competitors such as credit unions and “fintech” companies; (v) timely development and acceptance of new products and services; (vi) rapid and expensive technological changes implemented by us and other parties in the financial services industry, including third-party vendors, which may be more difficult to implement or more expensive than anticipated or which may have unforeseen consequence to us and our customers, including the development and implementation of tools incorporating artificial intelligence; (vii) our risk management framework; (viii) interruptions in information technology and telecommunications systems and third-party services; (ix) the economic effects of severe weather, natural disasters, widespread disease or pandemics, or other external events; (x) the loss of key executives or employees; (xi) changes in consumer spending; (xii) integration of acquired businesses; (xiii) the commencement, cost and outcome of litigation and other legal proceedings and regulatory actions against us or to which the Company may become subject; (xiv) changes in accounting policies and practices, such as the implementation of the current expected credit losses accounting standard; (xv) the economic impact of past and any future terrorist attacks, acts of war, including ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and the Russian invasion of Ukraine, or threats thereof, and the response of the United States to any such threats and attacks; (xvi) the ability to manage credit risk, forecast loan losses and maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses; (xvii) fluctuations in the value of securities held in our securities portfolio; (xviii) concentrations within our loan portfolio and large loans to certain borrowers (including commercial real estate loans); (xix) the concentration of large deposits from certain clients who have balances above current FDIC insurance limits and may withdraw deposits to diversify their exposure; (xx) the level of non-performing assets on our balance sheets; (xxi) the ability to raise additional capital; (xxii) the occurrence of fraudulent activity, breaches or failures of our or our third-party vendors’ information security controls or cybersecurity-related incidents, including as a result of sophisticated attacks using artificial intelligence and similar tools or as a result of insider fraud; (xxiii) declines in real estate values; (xxiv) the effects of fraud on the part of our employees, customers, vendors or counterparties; (xxv) the Company’s success at managing and responding to the risks involved in the foregoing items; and (xxvi) any other risks described in the “Risk Factors” sections of reports filed by Landmark with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Additional information concerning Landmark and its business, including additional risk factors that could materially affect Landmark’s financial results, is included in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
LANDMARK BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)
LANDMARK BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Earnings (unaudited)
(1) Share and per share values at or for the periods ended June 30, 2024 have been adjusted to give effect to the 5% stock dividend paid during December 2024.
LANDMARK BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Select Ratios and Other Data (unaudited)
LANDMARK BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Non-GAAP Finacials Measures (unaudited) | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Location: PHPKode > projects > Recess PHP Framework > recess/recess/database/pdo/RecessColumnDescriptor.class.php
<?php
/**
* RecessTable represents a basic abstraction of an RDBMS column.
*
* @author Kris Jordan <hide@address.com>
* @copyright 2008, 2009 Kris Jordan
* @package Recess PHP Framework
* @license MIT
* @link http://www.recessframework.org/
*/
class RecessColumnDescriptor {
public $name;
public $type;
public $isPrimaryKey = false;
public $nullable = true;
public $defaultValue = '';
public $options = array();
function __construct($name, $type, $nullable = true, $isPrimaryKey = false, $defaultValue = '', $options = array()) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->type = $type;
$this->isPrimaryKey = $isPrimaryKey;
$this->nullable = $nullable;
$this->defaultValue = $defaultValue;
$this->options = $options;
}
}
?>
Return current item: Recess PHP Framework | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Edward Jenner pictured in a portrait
Esteemed scientist Edward Jenner used the eight-year-old son of his gardener for the first ever challenge trial, with just a hunch as to whether it would be successful.
Luckily, it worked. And the study led to the invention of the smallpox vaccine, which saw the debilitating disease eradicated in 1977, more than a hundred years later.
The life-threatening condition caused fever, vomiting, mouth sores and fluid-filled blisters to appear on the skin which would then develop scabs.
Victims would be left with life-long scarring on their skin, and 30 per cent of all those who suffered from the disease would eventually die.
But, after the vaccine was administered worldwide, deaths from smallpox plunged from 150million in the 1950s to zero today.
How did the first challenge trial come about?
Edward Jenner had the idea for the trial after hearing about an old country tale, which said milkmaids who caught cowpox from the animals would never catch smallpox.
Cows infected with the mild infection had a few weeping spots (pocks) on their udders, but suffered little discomfort. Milkmaids occasionally caught it from their animals and felt off-colour for a few days, but could then return to work unscathed.
Mr Jenner thought he would test the affect of cowpox as a vaccine by purposefully infecting someone with it, and then exposing them to smallpox so he could monitor their response.
What happened in the first challenge trial?
In May 1796 a milkmaid, Sarah Nelmes, came to Mr Jenner about a rash that had appeared on her hand. He diagnosed cowpox and Ms Nelmes confirmed that one of her cows, Blossom, had recently suffered from the disease.
Spotting his chance Mr Jenner asked his gardener’s eight-year-old son, James Phipps, to take part in the experiment. On May 14 he made a few scratches in the boy’s arm and inserted some skin samples from the rash on Ms Nelmes’ hand.
The boy then became mildly ill with cowpox, but recovered a few days later.
On July 1 Mr Jenner exposed his gardener’s son to smallpox, to discover whether his trial had been successful. Fortunately, the boy did not develop smallpox on that occasion, or the many times he was tested afterwards.
Source: The Jenner Institute | FINEWEB-EDU |
5 Things Merck & Co., Inc.'s Management Wants You to Know
Merck may be a global pharmaceutical powerhouse with a diverse product pipeline, but even it's been a victim of the patent cliff in recent years.
In its second-quarter earnings results, released just two weeks ago, Merck reported a 1% decline in worldwide sales to $10.9 billion from the year-ago period, weighed-down by patent expirations and increasing competition, as its adjusted earnings per share inched higher by $0.01 to $0.85. If not for the company's share repurchases EPS would have fallen since net income actually dipped slightly year-over-year.
But there's more to these figures than meets the eye, and who better to tell that story than Merck's management team?
Let's take a closer look at five of the most important quotes from Merck's conference call that every current and prospective investor should be aware of (quotes provided courtesy of S&P Capital IQ ).
Source: EMD Group.
What Merck plans to do with its cash
Faced with a patent cliff, Merck isn't going to idly sit by and watch its core drug sales evaporate. Merck has a number of strategies aimed at shoring up shareholder value and reigniting growth, and this past quarter saw a number of these strategies take shape.
First, Merck sold its consumer care division, which includes over-the-counter brand names like Claritin, Coppertone, and Dr. Scholl's, to Bayer for $14.2 billion. Merck plans to put that cash to work in areas like research and development as well as deal-making. It also demonstrates to investors that Merck's focus is on drug innovation. During the call, Merck again announced its intent to use some of the proceeds from the Bayer deal to repurchase some of its own common stock.
During the quarter Merck also announced the $3.85 billion purchase of Idenix Pharmaceuticals , a developer of preclinical, early, and midstage nucleotide-based hepatitis C therapies. Merck believes that Idenix's HCV-focused portfolio could be wildly successful as either single-agent or combo therapies.
And what it won't be doing
What Merck won't be doing with its cash is seeking to make a mammoth overseas acquisition like AbbVie recently did with the purchase of Irish drugmaker Shire . Merck has no interest in a tax inversion deal, nor does it have any interest in making large purchases.
Source: EMD Group.
Merck's strategy could best be described as seeking "bolt-on" investments which augment its own pipeline and product portfolio. The Idenix purchase, for instance, gives Merck the option to combine some of Idenix's experimental nucleotide HCV therapies with its own HCV combo (MK-5172 and MK-8742) as well as move forward with Idenix's portfolio as single-agent therapies. Merck will continue to look for these smaller value-added deals and collaboration to offset its own patent woes, but don't expect any major merger announcements anytime soon.
Just in case you forgot, Januvia/Janumet really is that important
Lest you forget, type 2 diabetes drug Januvia (known as Janumet in Europe) remains a key drug for Merck, bringing in $2.91 billion in the first half of 2014.
What's truly remarkable about these sales figures is just how dominant Januvia/Janumet is with regard to other DPP-4 inhibitors, a dominance that is both attractive and potentially dangerous.
The attractive aspect comes from being the go-to choice among physicians. As the global population grows and medical care becomes more accessible globally Merck is likely to see total prescription volume grow.
The danger, of course, is that having such a large share of revenue tied up in Januvia/Janumet could expose the company to unwelcome volatility. For example, foreign countries implementing pricing controls, such as the price reduction witnessed in Japan beginning in April of this year, could have a decisively negative impact on Januvia/Janumet sales.
A huge opportunity in Merck's future
Source: EMD Group.
Pembrolizumab has already been submitted to the FDA for a potential accelerated approval, and Merck is anticipating a decision on or before Oct. 28. The above statement from CEO Ken Frazier, along with commentary from Roger Perlmutter, the head of Merck Research Labs, demonstrates that Merck is still just scratching the surface in terms of pembro's potential.
Currently, pembro is being tested in more than 30 different malignancies. The truth is Merck simply doesn't know the full scope of how well this anti-PD-1 therapy will work against other cancers, or whether it's best dosed as a single agent or as a combination therapy. Frazier's comments seem to suggest that combination therapies are almost certain to arise (assuming approval of the drug), but that there could (excuse the pun) be a lot of trial and error along the way to discovering which combinations are optimal.
Perlmutter also noted that Merck has "submitted numerous abstracts for the European Society for Medical Oncology meeting in September," so get ready to learn more about this exciting drug.
A market big enough for Merck
Finally, Merck's management attempts to calm investors' worries about Gilead Sciences ' game-changing HCV drug Sovaldi beating everyone to market.
The important takeaway from Frazier's commentary is that the U.S., and even global hep-C market, is large enough that it could enter with its combo or some combination of HCV therapies in a couple of years and still have a large audience to treat. Long story short, the hepatitis C story is still in the early innings, and Merck anticipates playing a large role in the solution.
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The article 5 Things Merck & Co., Inc.'s Management Wants You to Know originally appeared on Fool.com.
Sean Williams has no material interest in any companies mentioned in this article. You can follow him on CAPS under the screen name TMFUltraLong , track every pick he makes under the screen name TrackUltraLong , and check him out on Twitter, where he goes by the handle @TMFUltraLong .The Motley Fool owns shares of, and recommends Gilead Sciences. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days . We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy .
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The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Vinciguerria poweriae
Vinciguerria poweriae (also known as Power's deep-water bristle-mouth fish) is a species of lightfish belonging to the genus Vinciguerria. They are mostly found in seawater 300 - 600 m deep during the day and 50 - 350 m deep at night. They feed on small crustaceans.
Etymology
The fish is named in honor of Cocco’s friend and colleague Jeanne Villepreux-Power (1794-1871), also known as Jeanette Power, a marine biologist who was famous for her work on the octopus Argonauta argo. She was able to demonstrate that the octopus produced its own shell, rather than as was thought, acquiring it from a different organism similar to the way a hermit crab does. She also was the first person to create an aquaria for the experimentation of aquatic organisms.
Description
Vinciguerria poweriae is a moderately slender and elongate fish growing to a length of about 43 mm. The eyes are widely spaced and are not tubular, and the mouth is large, with a single row of teeth of varying length. The dorsal fin has 13 to 15 soft rays and is set in front of a small adipose fin (a small fleshy fin without supporting rays). The pectoral fins have 9 to 11 soft rays, the pelvic fins 7 and the anal fin 12 to 14. There are photophores (light-producing organs) on the lower half of the head and in two rows on the underside of the fish. The dorsal surface of the body is dark, the flanks are silvery and the fins are colourless. There is a dark streak at the angle of the jaw and another above the premaxilla.
Distribution
Vinciguerria poweriae has a global distribution in tropical and subtropical waters. They make a diel vertical migration, being 300 - 600 m deep during the day and rising to 50 - 350 m at night. They feed mostly on copepods and spawning occurs mostly in spring and summer. | WIKI |
Restricting Connections to Secure Transport
MySQL 5.7 makes secure connections easier with streamlined key generation for both MySQL Community and MySQL Enterprise, improves security by expanding support for TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2, and helps administrators assess whether clients are connecting securely or not with new visibility into connection types. Extending this emphasis on secure connections, MySQL Server 5.7 introduces a new server-side configuration option allowing MySQL administrators the ability to restrict connections to clients who use secure transport. The blog post will examine this new configuration option and demonstrate its usage.
What is “secure”?
When talking about requiring secure transport, the first question to answer is what should be considered “secure”? In my earlier blog post on identifying secure connections, I identified the following three transports used by MySQL as secure:
• SSL/TLS
• Socket
• Shared Memory
Of particular note, connections on Windows machines using the named pipe transport are not considered secure – while such connections are typically made locally, named pipe connections can be made remotely, and lack data encryption to protect payloads sent over the wire.
–require_secure_transport
In MySQL Server 5.7.8, the --require_secure_transport configuration option was added (WorkLog#7709). This boolean option defaults to OFF, meaning connections using any of the supported protocols are accepted – consistent with legacy behavior. Setting --require_secure_transport=ON causes the server to reject new connections which do not use one of the three connection types listed above. Clients rejected due to insecure connections receive the following new error:
Interaction with account-level requirements
MySQL has long supported requiring TLS for specific accounts – this is accomplished by including the REQUIRE SSL clause in CREATE or ALTER USER commands. The new --require_secure_transport option compliments these account-level requirements by enforcing secure transport at a global level. A notable difference is that account-level restrictions can be met only by TLS connections, while the global restriction considers the three secure protocols adequate. As a result, a user defined with REQUIRE SSL connecting to a server where --require_secure_transport=ON will be rejected if TLS is not used – even if the transport is one of the three identified secure protocols. Likewise, when --require_secure_transport=OFF, the requirement for TLS connection for the same user will not be relaxed.
Conclusion
This new configuration option gives MySQL DBAs the ability to more easily lock down MySQL deployments and demand that any connections leverage secure transport. Allowing Socket or Shared Memory connections allows high-performance same-host connections while restricting remote access to clients leveraging TLS-secured protocol. In environments where accounts are created dynamically, a global server-side option to demand secure transport can be significantly easier to manage than account-level TLS requirements.
3 thoughts on “Restricting Connections to Secure Transport
1. Hi Wlad,
You’re question is really about trust boundaries, and in this model, a nefarious user with access to install/run nefarious programs accessing shared memory on the database server itself is already operating inside the trust boundaries. Because we’re talking about only a small percentage of MySQL deployments (Windows users who explicitly enable shared memory connections), this is largely hypothetical – but the concept applies to other deployments as well. I’m reasonably confident socket transport on Linux can also be intercepted by a privileged local user. Secure connections rely on secure transport and trusted endpoints. Even TLS connections can be undermined when the endpoints are unknown/not verified, or compromised.
1. I think what makes shared memory different from socket is that it can be read and written without any privileges. I mean – the hardest part is guessing the name of the mapping (one can try many variations), the rest – mapping file into memory and reading memory – is trivial.
Yes, it is right the potential attacker has to be local, but it neither has to be privileged, or know the password. I’d think long before declaring shared memory connection “secure” 🙂
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Revolutionizing Patient Care: The Rise of Telemedicine
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As technology reshapes various industries, healthcare is no exception. One of the most notable advancements in recent years is telemedicine—allowing healthcare professionals to provide care remotely via technology. In this blog post, we explore the exciting world of telemedicine, its benefits, potential challenges, and how it’s revolutionizing the healthcare industry.
The Evolution of Telemedicine
Though the concept of remote medical care can be traced back to the invention of the telephone, modern telemedicine has come a long way since then. Advancements in communication tools, secure video conferencing, and medical devices have paved the way for healthcare providers to care for patients without meeting in person. From virtual consultations to remote monitoring of vital signs, physicians and specialists can now deliver efficient, convenient care with the aid of technology.
In the world of telemedicine, healthcare professionals and institutions must be able to quickly identify and communicate with one another. An essential resource that has emerged for this purpose is the National Provider Identifier (NPI) number. By using an NPI lookup tool, professionals can efficiently find and collaborate with the appropriate providers, streamlining patient care and coordination.
The Benefits
Telemedicine breaks down barriers to healthcare access, particularly for patients in rural or remote areas. This technology enables consultations with medical experts, regardless of their location, and reduces travel time and costs. Additionally, telemedicine can aid in emergency situations, allowing triage nurses to virtually assess patients before sending help. Patients with mobility issues or chronic illnesses can also benefit from enhanced access to medical care. With busy lifestyles and competing priorities, scheduling healthcare appointments can be challenging. Telemedicine offers patients the flexibility to connect with their healthcare providers at a convenient time for both parties, improving the continuity of care and increasing patient satisfaction.
Telemedicine can often lead to cost savings for both patients and healthcare providers. Remote consultations can reduce the need for expensive in-person consultations and cut down on facility and administrative costs. The reduced travel time and expenses also benefit patients, especially those in rural areas. By offering continuous care and monitoring for patients with chronic conditions, telemedicine can lead to better health outcomes. The ongoing engagement between patients and healthcare providers allows for timely intervention if necessary and can improve overall patient quality of life.
Potential Challenges
Despite the rise in telemedicine, not everyone is comfortable using technology for their healthcare needs. Elderly patients or those with limited technology skills may struggle with virtual consultations, causing frustration and hampering the effectiveness of telemedicine. As with all technology, data breaches and cyber-attacks are a concern. Ensuring patient privacy and secure transmission of sensitive medical data is a top priority in telemedicine. Healthcare providers must address these issues to maintain patient trust and comply with regulatory requirements.
Though telemedicine is rapidly expanding, insurance coverage for virtual consultations and remote monitoring varies. Some providers may still choose not to offer telemedicine due to reimbursement concerns and the complex web of regulations governing healthcare delivery.
Telemedicine’s Impact on Healthcare
Despite the challenges, telemedicine is undeniably transforming the healthcare landscape. It has increased accessibility to medical care, improved the patient experience, and elevated the standard of care for millions around the world. Telemedicine is especially vital given the global health crises and the growing demand for healthcare services.
One notable example illustrating the impact of telemedicine is the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. With social distancing measures in place, many healthcare providers transitioned to virtual consultations to continue meeting the needs of their patients while minimizing the risk of infection.
Mental Health and Tech Integration
Telemedicine has shown significant promise for addressing challenges in mental health care, particularly in providing greater access to mental health professionals. Virtual therapy sessions offer patients the opportunity to connect with qualified professionals who may be limited in their area, reducing wait times and improving the quality of mental health care. Furthermore, telemedicine can help combat the stigma associated with seeking mental health support.
Wearable health technology, such as fitness trackers and smartwatches, work in tandem with telemedicine to enhance the patient experience. These devices can collect and transmit vital patient data, like heart rate and activity levels, directly to healthcare providers for real-time monitoring. This integration can help catch potential health issues early and allow for prompt treatment when necessary.
The Future of Telemedicine
As technology evolves, telemedicine’s capabilities will continue to expand. Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionize telemedicine by allowing for more accurate diagnoses, personalized treatment plans, and better patient management. The fusion of cutting-edge technologies like 5G networks, augmented reality, and virtual reality will further enhance the telemedicine experience by improving real-time data transmission and enabling new possibilities for remote care.
Conclusion
As we continue to navigate an increasingly digital world, telemedicine will play a critical role in shaping the future of healthcare. The benefits of telemedicine, including increased accessibility, convenience, cost savings, and improved health outcomes, far outweigh the potential challenges. By harnessing the power of this innovative technology, we can revolutionize patient care and create a healthier, more connected world. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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