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Salvador Cisneros Betancourt
Salvador Cisneros y Betancourt (February 10, 1828 - February 28, 1914) was a Cuban revolutionary and statesmen, who was the only Cuban to become the president of the Republic of Cuba twice.
Early life
Salvador Cisneros y Betancourt was born in Puerto Principe (now Camagüey), Spanish Cuba on February 10, 1828.
Born into a noble and wealthy family of planters, he inherited the title of II Marquis of Santa Lucía in 1846. The King of Spain granted the title to his father following a donation of the lands on which the town of Nuevitas in Puerto Principe was founded. He was a relative of Gaspar Betancourt Cisneros.
When his uncle relocated to the United States to settle in Philadelphia in the late 1840s, Salvador's father sent him to get his education in the country. He graduated at the top of his class with a degree in Civil Engineering. From the 1850s, he engaged in early activities of Cuba's bid for independence from the Spanish Empire, joining the annexationist movement. For his political actions, he was banished and exiled from Cuba.
In 1866, he joined the Tínima masonic lodge in Camagüey. He organized and presided over the Revolutionary Committee of Puerto Príncipe (Camagüey) with Ignacio Agramonte and Eduardo Arteaga.
Ten Years' War
At the outbreak of the Ten Years' War, he resigned his title of Marquis, granted freedom to his slaves, and put his assets at the service of Cuban independence. His estates were confiscated, but were partially restored following the Pact of Zanjón in 1878.
While he was in Havana, news reached him, prompting him to leave for Guáimaro, a town in Camagüey. Delegated by Camagüey to the Constitutional Assembly of Guáimaro, he was elected Speaker of the House of Representatives and presided over the single-chamber legislature. On February 26, 1869, the President of the House of Representatives signed the Decree of Abolition of Slavery (Abolición de la Esclavitud) along with Eduardo Agramonte, Ignacio Agramonte, Francisco Sánchez y Betancourt and Antonio Zambrana. On April 10, 1869, fifteen parliamentarians formed the Constituent Assembly, and the Constitution of Guáimaro was signed by Salvador Cisneros Betancourt and others. In the following months, he organized the second Revolutionary Cuban Junta.
He succeeded Carlos Manuel de Céspedes as the President of the Republic of Cuba in Arms from 1873 to 1875. Juan Bautista Spotorno became his successor upon his resignation.
In 1878, he rejected the Pact of Zanjón, and when the insurgents' cause collapsed, he sought refuge in New York, and spent eight years there before returning to Cuba.
Cuban War of Independence
During the Cuban War of Independence from 1895 to 1898, Cisneros Betancourt employed himself in favor of Cuban independence and joined the Mambises.
After José Marti, who was at the head of the third Cuban Junta, died in May 1895, the Ten Years' War veteran took over. As members of the Jimaguayú Constitutional Assembly of 1895, delegates from all the Cuban provinces met in September 1895. The Jimaguayú Constitution was adopted on the 16th of the month. The members established a civil government of the Cuban Republic in Arms consisting of a president, vice-president, and cabinet. On September 19, 1895, Salvador Cisneros Betancourt was elected as the President of the Provisional Government of Cuba with Bartolomé Masó as vice-president and Tomás Estrada Palma, the delegate plenipotentiary. General-in-chief Máximo Gómez and Lieutenant General Antonio Maceo were elected and exercised sole authority over all military operations. Although, Cisneros Betancourt advocated that even during wartime, the military should be under the authority of the civil government rather than acting independently. His first cabinet included Secretary of Internal Affairs Santiago G. Canizares, Secretary of Agriculture Severo Pina, Secretary of Foreign Affairs Rafael Portuondo, Secretary of War Carlos Roloff and Vice-Secretary of War Mario G. Menocal. He held office until October 10, 1898.
In August 1900, he visited President William McKinley in Washington to protest abuses inflicted upon the Cuban people by the United States Military Government in Cuba, especially under Military Governor Leonard Wood. He published the Appeal to the American People on Behalf of Cuba on August 24, 1900.
He opposed the Platt Amendment in 1901, which specified the terms for the United States' termination of its military occupation in Cuba. In 1902, Salvador Cisneros Betancourt was elected to the Cuban Senate following the 1901 Cuban general election. On October 10, 1907, he established the Revolutionary Junta of Havana, to oppose closer ties with the United States.
He held the position of president of the National Veterans' Council in 1911 and, in 1913, headed the Committee for the Abolition of the Platt Amendment.
Death
Salvador Cisneros Betancourt died in Havana, Cuba on February 28, 1914. | WIKI |
Page:Tracts for the Times Vol 3.djvu/116
28
In St. Ambrose also there are some passages to be found which seem to make directly for either of these points; as these for the former:
Also that Scripture
And these for the latter: | WIKI |
User:Faraz Rajper
Faraz rajper]
I live in Hyderabad Sindh Bhittaitown and my countri name is Pakistan
This is my website [http://microeast.blogspot.com/ [|This is my photo]''' | WIKI |
Talk:Otsego Lake (Michigan)
Broken citation
the citation to the petoskey news article is broken:
Bill Granlund (April 15, 2002). "A step back in time: Atomic bomb decisions made in Otsego County". Petoskey News. Retrieved March 29, 2011.
The url is no longer available: http://articles.petoskeynews.com/2002-04-15/atomic-bomb_24045276
The internet archive link to the articles is broken, and there appear to be some relevant newer ones as well. I have purchased a subscription to access the article archive at https://petoskeynews.newsbank.com/
Is there any way I can share these articles legally in a way that they can be cited properly? Mivanit (talk) 06:02, 17 July 2023 (UTC) | WIKI |
What Causes Migraine?
What Causes Migraine?
What is migraine headache?
What causes migraine?
What are triggers and symptoms of Migraine?
What is the treatment for Migraine?
What Causes Migraine?
The exact cause of migraines is still not well understood. But the problem is considered to be neurological (related to the nervous system). It is believed that brain chemicals, blood vessels, and nerves of the brain are involved.
Ayurveda divides the reasons into physical, mental and social. After all it is a psychosomatic disorder.
The physical causes:
Dry and rough (zero fat) food- Exaggerates the Vata dosh.
Excessive food- It creates Kapha that joins with the Vata.
Frequent food- It is the reason of Mandagni, that diminishes the Jatharagni (Digestion power). Loss of digestion power helps in the fermentation of food. It creates wind, that is Vata.
Monsoon- Monsoon is the season of Vata prakopa. During this time the vata is escalated physiologically. And Vata is behind all pain.
Dew- Dew helps accumulation of Kapha and aggravation of vata.
Impaired Sex habit- Excessive or wrong practice of sex causes dhatu kshaya (Tissue degeneration), in turn vata exaggeration.
Holding urgency- Holding urgency of flatus, stool, urine, sneezing, thirst, hunger, sleep, cough, breathing, yawning, tear, vomit and siemens causes lots of problem. The Wind formed and accumulated inside goes up and gives the patient a miserable headache.
Restless hard work- It affects the performance. It makes the brain cell fatigue.
Excessive exercise- Excessive of everything causes damage to our body and mind. So as the hard exercise.
The aggravated Vata along with Kapha or alone covers the prone area of head and cause migraine.
The mental causes:
The mental causes include stress, strain, anger, zealousness, lying, cheating, ego etc.
The social causes:
Similarly the social causes of the same disease includes lack of tolerance, lack of cooperation with neighbors, colleagues and interaction with family members.
You can Contact our Astang Ayurved hospital at Bhubaneswar, India 751020 phone @ 07008176012, 09437055021, 0674-2352797 or email to @ drapnayak@gmail.com, info@astangayurveda.com.
What Causes Migraine?, What Causes Migraine? | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
DmpG-like communication domain
In molecular biology, the DmpG-like communication domain is a protein domain found towards the C-terminal region of various aldolase enzymes. It consists of five alpha-helices, four of which form an antiparallel helical bundle that plugs the C terminus of the N-terminal TIM barrel domain. The communication domain is thought to play an important role in the heterodimerisation of the enzyme.
This domain heterodimerises with acetaldehyde dehydrogenases to form a bifunctional aldolase-dehydrogenase. | WIKI |
Scott Shannon, MD, assistant clinical professor at the University of Colorado, recently sifted through patient charts from his four-doctor practice to document CBD’s effects on anxiety. His study, as yet unpublished, found “a fairly rapid decrease in anxiety scores that appears to persist for months,” he says. But he says he can’t discount a placebo effect, especially since “there’s a lot of hype right now.”
CBD products have zero THC content, so you should not be worried about getting high after using them. One group of people that stands to benefits a lot from using them is women. Their bodies are quite different from men, and the chances of putting in extra weight are high. Beauty is another thing that defines most women. Most of them will make good use of different products to enhance their beauty. Different CBD products can be useful to them when it comes to skin care and weight loss.
CBD oil is most readily available as a tincture. This can be taken by applying a few drops under your tongue, holding in your mouth for a few moments so it can be absorbed, before swallowing. It can also be added to water or smoothies. A spray form is available (simply spritz under your tongue), as are capsules, gummies, creams that can be applied topically, and e-liquid for vape pens.
CBD oil has been scientifically proven to reduce stress. It combats stress both psychologically and physically. Psychologically, it levels out your brains cortisol levels. Cortisol is the stress hormone, and high levels are associated with chronic depression, anxiety, and low immune function. Whenever you get stressed out, your body produces excessive amounts of the chemical.
Then there is the matter of which part of the plant is used. THC tends to be more concentrated in the leaves of the plant, while CBD in its stem and seeds. It should be noted that these aspects are relative. Some degree of agreement exists that for the purest CBD, the stalk of a hemp plant (varieties of cannabis generally grown for fiber manufacturing, low in THC), or much less often the seeds. Taking into account the fact that CBD supplements are usually in an oil form, one may fathom the origins of the nearly ubiquitous hemp oil dietary supplements.
This isn’t new but had to be mentioned. One of the major and well-known benefits of cannabis is its ability to treat pain and helping with pain management. It has the capabilities of assisting with chronic pain as well as inflammation. Furthermore, it has been found to help patients deal with severe rheumatism and arthritis as well as other chronic pains.
CBD products have zero THC content, so you should not be worried about getting high after using them. One group of people that stands to benefits a lot from using them is women. Their bodies are quite different from men, and the chances of putting in extra weight are high. Beauty is another thing that defines most women. Most of them will make good use of different products to enhance their beauty. Different CBD products can be useful to them when it comes to skin care and weight loss.
The company recommends that you take one capsule per serving which, in addition to CBD, provides beneficial cannabinoids various essential minerals, vitamins, and plant waxes that promote a healthy diet. A third-party laboratory tests the products to ensure quality. This product is also certified to ensure optimal oversight during the manufacturing process.
The CBD on the market today is oil based. 90% of the product is being destroyed in your stomach and never gets into your system. Water soluble CBD is the best absorbed formula up tp 20x more than . Vaping CBD is also better absorbed than traditional oil because CBD is directly absorbed through your lungs. So if you are taking edibles,capsules , liquid, or gummies, most of the effects of CBD for weight loss is wasted and never enters your system. So to get 25mg a day of CBD you would have to take over 100 mg of non-water soluble CBD, costing you up to $20 every day.
While overstimulation of the CB1 receptor may lead to symptoms such as high blood pressure and abnormally high cholesterol levels, CBD is a CB1 antagonist, so it is not likely to cause such issues. Furthermore, the World Health Organization has recently issued a global report on CBD, claiming that it has a good safety profile and minimal adverse public health effects.
Cannabis oil preparations have been used historically in medicine for millennia. Only recently, cannabis and chemically-related compounds have come back to being considered of beneficial value. A prominent compound found in cannabis, CBD, or cannabidiol, has been shown to have some benefits. What is CBD oil good for? Find out all about CBD, including the extensive CBD oil benefits list, CBD oil uses and the many different CBD oil forms.
Thanks to research and modern technology the cannabis plant is now being processed in numerous ways to help patients from across the world. Patients are able to benefit of it’s cannabinoids CBD and THC in the form of oils. One of those ways is in the form of CBD Oil. To create CBD oil, solvents, such as CO2 are used to separate the cannabinoids (in the form of oils) from the plant material, creating the highly concentrated product.
Disclaimer: None of the descriptions/statements made on this website have been evaluated by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). The supplements and products discussed on this site are not meant to diagnose, heal, cure, mitigate or obviate any diseases. All articles/information on this website are the opinions of their individual writers who do not profess or claim to be medical experts providing medical guidance. This site is strictly for the mission of giving views of the author. You should discuss with your doctor or another adequate health care expert before you start taking any dietary supplements or involve in mental health programs. Different affiliates support this website, and we receive a commission on specific products from our advertisers. Any and all logos, brand names and service marks presented on this site are the registered or unregistered Trademarks of their respective owners.
While this should by no means be taken as direct clinical evidence that CBD for weight loss is a tried-and-true remedy for obesity, the studies mentioned above should certainly warrant more investigation into the topic. And to be sure, many folks are already using CBD products to help control their appetite and lose weight. Do a little research online for customer feedback and reviews, and you’ll see what we mean.
‘The media has no doubt helped drive this popularity,’ says Dr Sarah Brewer, medical director at Healthspan. ‘However, the main drive is because people who take it experience the benefits very quickly, and “word of mouth” is a powerful thing. CBD oil also has such a wide range of benefits, reducing anxiety, promoting relaxation, ensuring a good night’s sleep, reducing pain perception and improving general feelings of wellbeing. It therefore appeals to a wide range of people.’
There are more than 80 cannabinoids found in cannabis plants, with THC being the primary one, followed by CBD. However, in the hemp plant, which is a different strain of the species Cannabis sativa, CBD is the main active ingredient, and THC is barely present, making its use and legality more widespread. The reason that CBD is such an effective form of support for human health is due to the body’s endogenous cannabinoid system. This regulatory structure of the body has millions of cannabinoid receptors in the brain and nervous system, which react not only to plant-derived cannabinoids (such as hemp and marijuana) but also to natural cannabinoids produced within our body. When hemp oil is used and processed by the body, it is effectively boosting the function of the endocannabinoid system, helping our body regulate itself in many different ways.
It’s thought that the endocannabinoid system may be critical for regulating sleep and sleep stability, which make sense, as it promotes balance throughout the body. Research seems to show that when CBD interacts with this system, sufferers may achieve longer periods of overall sleep. Furthermore, earlier research demonstrated that CBD may provide relief for insomnia sufferers who struggle to achieve REM sleep due to anxiety. (33, 34, 35)
While it is still classed illegal on a Federal level, individual U.S. states have adopted a more lenient policy towards this plant and some states now allow it for recreational use. The easing up of state laws has also allowed researchers to explore this miraculous plant and only recently has it been found to be an effective treatment for a variety of medical problems due to its CBD oil benefits. From cancer, anorexia, pain and inflammation management it seems like medical marijuana is placing a strong footing within the medical industry.
Traditionally, tinctures used alcohol to extract cannabidiol. Today, however, different extraction methods may be used to provide you with a clean tincture. When people refer to the tinctures now, they normally are referring to the hemp extract mixed together with a carrier oil as a nutritional supplement that doesn’t contain alcohol. A tincture or oil generally refers to the same product derived from hemp. If you want to make certain, you can ask for an ingredient list from the manufacturer of your supplement.
Also, please note that CBD should NOT be misunderstood as a miracle cure — and no reputable CBD seller or manufacturer should ever claim otherwise. Furthermore, if you are using CBD for weight loss purposes, don’t expect it to work if you eat fast food three times a day and your exercise routine consists of struggling to twist the cap off your bottle of beer!
Furthermore, a study published in the Journal of Neuroendocrinology has suggested that the ECS is capable of stimulating specific areas of the body involved in metabolism, such as the skeletal muscles and GI tract. This happens due to the presence of anandamide and 2-AG, which are two naturally-occurring compounds in the body that interact with the CB1 and CB2 receptors.
The immediate and powerful effects of THC are explained because of the special affinity it has with the CB1 type receptors, which mediate crucial processes in the brain. The less prominent (but no less important) action of CBD was explained, at least for a while, by hypothesizing that it binds to CB2 type receptors, hence its more diffuse manner of exercising changes in the body. Early on, the antipsychotic effects of cannabidiol were observed, an aspect which seemed to be in consonance with this initial hypothesis.
× | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Lois Baxter
Actor or actress
see no reason to change this. Sources are driven by their own style guides, and were not beholden to them.Unbh — Preceding unsigned comment added by Unbh (talk • contribs) 18:01, 6 April 2022 (UTC)
* As already clearly pointed out to you in a recent edit summary, the reason to change is made clear at MOS:GNL and WP:WAW. And we should always be guided by sources. Thanks. Also, please sign your comment. Martinevans123 (talk) 18:17, 6 April 2022 (UTC)
GNL is not about changing every instance of a gendered term in Wikipedia. WPWAW is an essay, and nowhere close to policy — Preceding unsigned comment added by Unbh (talk • contribs) 18:25, 6 April 2022 (UTC)
* MOS:GNL says nothing about actress. There is a longstanding consensus that we are allowed to use actor or actress, and most articles use actress. Try changing the usage in a big article like Marilyn Monroe to actor: you would be immediately reverted. We are guided by the facts of a source, not its house style; we have our own style guide. For the record, your desired change has now been disputed by two editors. Ficaia (talk) 20:24, 6 April 2022 (UTC) Ficaia (talk) 20:22, 6 April 2022 (UTC)
* Monroe died in 1962, decades before she or her colleagues would have been called "actors". Baxter, like many other women in the profession today, are being described by RADA as an actor now. Martinevans123 (talk) 21:26, 6 April 2022 (UTC)
* More recent examples using "actress": Margot Robbie, Jodie Comer, Sandra Oh, etc. etc. See (1) for the most recent discussion establishing "actor/actress" as a special case where either usage is acceptable. Ficaia (talk) 21:32, 6 April 2022 (UTC)
* WP:OTHERSTUFF is never a justification for ignoring a reliable sourced reference. BTW the Comcast menu uses the term actor for males and females. Being available in 100s of millions of homes it is a good example of "standard usage". MarnetteD|Talk 04:22, 7 April 2022 (UTC)
* Again, this is a matter of style not fact, so we are not bound by the usage in a particular source. I suggest you read the MoS discussion I linked above. Ficaia (talk) 05:04, 7 April 2022 (UTC)
* It is not a matter of style (which boils down WP:IDONTLIKEIT in your case). Unless you can point to a specific policy, guideline or essay the sourced wording will be restored. MarnetteD|Talk 19:51, 7 April 2022 (UTC)
* It clearly is a matter of style. We have our own MoS. We don't follow the house style of any particular source. The article formerly used "actress", and was recently changed to "actor". This change has now been reverted by two editors, so there is no consensus for any change. Again, I suggest you read the MoS discussion here (1) which establishes "actor/actress" as a special case in the MoS: both usages are acceptable, and the matter is decided on a case by case basis either by established usage or consensus at talk. Ficaia (talk) 21:26, 7 April 2022 (UTC)
* It's entirely a matter of style. Her professional bio as a tutor here https://teachyourselfacting.com/lois-baxter/ calls her an actress - (Notably the other bios for female tutors in that organisation DO use the term actor.Unbh (talk) 10:00, 8 April 2022 (UTC)
* So it seems it's not "entirely a matter of style". Martinevans123 (talk) 11:17, 9 April 2022 (UTC)
no, this is fairly straight forward. there's are sources that call her both. so what we use is a question of style | WIKI |
Look again at the negative thoughts that you have written down and the types of thinking errors that you believe they are. For each, use the worksheet provided to write down what you think would have been better thoughts to have in the same situation. What would have been more accurate or true? For instance, if you thought “I am always a failure,” is that really true all the time? Or, would it perhaps have been more accurate to think “I sometimes make mistakes. It’s okay. Next time I’ll relax/concentrate more/etc. and do better.”
Download and print the worksheet here: Positive Thoughts
Next, look at better things that you could have said or done. | FINEWEB-EDU |
The Saga
"The Saga" is a single by South African singer-songwriter and record producer Anatii from his debut studio album Artiifact (2016). The record was released on 2 March 2015 through Yal Entertainment, and it features guest appearance from AKA. It was later included in the pair's collaborative album Be Careful What You Wish For (2017).
On 2 October 2015 AKA released "Composure" throwing shots at Cassper Nyovest, Riky Rick and Anatii amongst others, even stating that Anatii tried to charge him eighty thousand for a beat. A week after the release of "Composure", Riky Rick released "Fuseg" with guest appearances from Cassper Nyovest and Anatii responding to AKA. At 2015 South African Hip Hop Awards, the trio performed their anticipated remix of "The Saga", again throwing shots at AKA. AKA and Anatii reconciled, kissed and made up and in January 2017 they put out "10 Fingers", a single from their collaborative album Be Careful What You Wish For.
Music video
On 13 June 2016 the visuals for "The Saga" were published on Anatii's YouTube channel, shot and produced by Studio Space Pictures. As of September 2023, the visuals are now sitting on over 1.7 million views. | WIKI |
Robinsons Tacloban
Robinsons Tacloban is a mall located in Tabuan National Highway, Marasbaras, Tacloban, Leyte, Philippines. The mall is owned by Robinsons Malls, it is the first Robinsons mall in Leyte, and the 23rd Robinsons Mall in the Philippines, Opening on June 11, 2009.
Overview
Robinsons Tacloban has 3 floors and 133 shops. Having a Department Store, Supermarket, Food Court, Cinema, and other stores. It also has the first cinema in Eastern Visayas. | WIKI |
How to install fun_plug v0.7 on D-Link DNS-320L NAS server
This is a summary of steps on how to install fun_plug v0.7 on D-Link DNS-320L NAS based on
HDD-Installation of the fun_plug 0.7 on NAS-devices at http://nas-tweaks.net. For more detailed installation steps and explanations, please refer to HDD-Installation of the fun_plug 0.7 on NAS-devices post.
Steps
Step 1 : Download the installation files
Step 2 : Place both files in the topmost directory of Volume_1 of your D-Link DNS-320L NAS
Step 3 : Reboot your D-Link DNS-320L NAS
Step 4 : Remote login into your D-Link DNS-320L NAS via telnet
Step 5 : Change root password. Execute each command below one by one
usermod -s /ffp/bin/sh root
mkdir -p /ffp/home/root/
sed -ie 's#:/home/root:#:/ffp/home/root:#g' /etc/passwd
pwconv
passwd
login
wget http://wolf-u.li/u/172/ -O /ffp/sbin/store-passwd.sh
store-passwd.sh
Step 6 : Activate secure shell login (SSH)
chmod a+x /ffp/start/sshd.sh
sh /ffp/start/sshd.sh start
Step 7 : Login into your D-Link DNS-320L NAS via SSH
ssh root@<IP Address>
Step 8 : Disable telnet login
chmod -x /ffp/start/telnetd.sh
sh /ffp/start/telnetd.sh stop
Step 9 : Install package installer script
wget http://wolf-u.li/u/441 -O /ffp/bin/uwsiteloader.sh
chmod a+x /ffp/bin/uwsiteloader.sh
uwsiteloader.sh
For the details of setting up uwsiteloader UI, please refer to HDD-Installation of the fun_plug 0.7 on NAS-devices
Step 10 : Execute the last command after setting up the uwsiteloader
slacker -UaA uli:uwchmod
References, Sources and Credits:
Comments
1. Excellent work old son.
ReplyDelete
2. Step 8 : Disable telnet login
... sh /ffp/start/telnetd.sh stop
<--
HERE one is force disconnected
so where is Step 9 happening ?
ReplyDelete
Replies
1. Did you start a new connection using ssh, or did you use ssh from inside the telnet session?
If the former, it shouldn't be disconnecting you.
If the latter, then when you stopped the telnet service, you killed your session.
Delete
3. Not excellent. It ends in failure. See this for proper procedure - https://nas-tweaks.net/371/hdd-installation-of-the-fun_plug-0-7-on-nas-devices/
ReplyDelete
4. For people using firmware 1.06 on D-Link DNS-320L, the release notes indicate :
“Fun_plug script was removed according to security issue and no longer to be supported.”
So you have to downgrade to a lower version (1.04b12) if you want to continue using the script.
I hope some one will find a solution to be able to install new firmware version without loosing the benefit of “fun-plug” wonderful tool..
ReplyDelete
Replies
1. I second that. I've just upgraded to 1.06 and cannot use ffp. Looking forwarded to the solution.
Delete
2. Is some one find a solution?
Delete
3. There would be 2 possible ways to do it. One is to modify the firmware before updating (i.e. download the new firmware, modify it to support using fun plug, then use the modified version to update the DNS), the other way is to update the firmware, then hack it (see if it has a serial port on the board that can be used or the like, this might not actually be possible) and mod it to use fun plug.
The other option would be to put custom firmware on it.
Delete
5. wget: not an http or ftp url: https://wolf-u.li/downloads/3779-d2ee273e64e3c3166139f56fbb100067/store-passwd.sh
ReplyDelete
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Game of Thrones' Emilia Clarke Cast in Han Solo Spinoff Movie
Directors Phil Lord and Chris Miller. Alden Ehrenreich. Donald Glover. Until today, the identity of that small crew was all we knew about the upcoming Han Solo standalone movie. Now we can add the Mother of Dragons herself to that team: Game of Thrones’ Emilia Clarke has been cast as the film’s female lead. It’s yet another coup for the movie, which takes place before Star Wars: Episode IV—A New Hope and follows the adventures a young Han Solo (Ehrenreich). First, it was big news that Lego Movie directors Lord and Miller were tackling yet another fan-beloved property. Next, *Hail Caesar'*s breakout star Ehrenreich landed the title role. Then, in what seemed like a trifecta, Glover came aboard to play Lando Calrissian. Clarke now joins that team. Her character doesn't yet have a name, but she'll be part of a "dynamic cast of characters that Han and Chewie will encounter on their adventures." | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
wiki:Getting-Started/iPhone
Version 37 (modified by ming, 11 years ago) (diff)
--
Getting Started: Building for Apple iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch
1. Features
2. Requirements
3. Build Preparation
4. Building PJSIP
5. Simulator
6. OpenSSL Suport
7. Common problems
1. Unable to accept incoming call in background mode (iOS4)
2. Unable to support Bluetooth input
3. Problem with interruption (by a phone call or an alarm), headset plug/unplug, or Bluetooth input
4. Problem with deprecated CPU_SUBTYPE_ARM_ALL subtype
5. Sound not working in the simulator
6. List of Issues
8. Other iPhone Projects
Apple iPhone target is supported by PJSIP version 1.7 and later.
Features
Some of the features of the iPhone port:
• it has a native CoreAudio based audio device, which supports the following features:
• the built-in/device's echo canceller
• output volume setting
• change input route to bluetooth input
• change output route
• input latency setting
• output latency setting
• supports for the built-in iLBC codec
Requirements
You'll need an iPhone SDK. We tested mainly with version 3.x SDK/devices, but SDK version 2.x would build fine too. Apple iPad is supported starting with iPhone SDK 3.2.
Build Preparation
1. Get the source code, if you haven't already.
2. Set your config_site.h to the following:
#define PJ_CONFIG_IPHONE 1
#include <pj/config_site_sample.h>
This will activate iPhone specific settings in the config_site_sample.h.
Building PJSIP
Just run:
$ cd /path/to/your/pjsip/dir
$ ./configure-iphone
$ make dep && make clean && make
Open ipjsua.xcodeproj using Xcode in pjproject/pjsip-apps/src/ipjsua and build the project.
Notes:
• the ./configure-iphone is a wrapper that calls the standard ./configure script with settings suitable for iPhone target.
• the latest iPhone SDK version will be selected by default. You may change this by setting IPHONESDK environment variable to the desired SDK path. For ipjsua, select Project-Edit Project Settings-Base SDK and Targets-ipjsua-Get Info-Base SDK to change the SDK version.
• you may pass standard ./configure options to this script too.
• for more info, run ./configure-iphone --help
• other customizations are similar to what is explained in Building with GNU page.
Simulator
To configure the build system for the iPhone simulator:
export DEVPATH=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer
export CC=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.0
./configure-iphone
make dep && make clean && make
Note that the exact paths may vary according to your SDK version.
OpenSSL Suport
Follow the instructions below to enable TLS transport by using OpenSSL:
1. Build and install OpenSSL-0.9.8o for iPhone by following these instructions.
2. Specify OpenSSL location when running configure-iphone, for example (with Bash):
export OPENSSL=${HOME}/openssl/openssl_arm
export CFLAGS="-O2 -Wno-unused-label -I${OPENSSL}/include"
export LDFLAGS="-L${OPENSSL}/lib"
./configure-iphone
And check that OpenSSL is detected by the configure script:
...
checking for OpenSSL installations..
checking openssl/ssl.h usability... yes
checking openssl/ssl.h presence... no
aconfigure: WARNING: openssl/ssl.h: accepted by the compiler, rejected by the preprocessor!
aconfigure: WARNING: openssl/ssl.h: proceeding with the compiler's result
checking for openssl/ssl.h... yes
checking for ERR_load_BIO_strings in -lcrypto... yes
checking for SSL_library_init in -lssl... yes
OpenSSL library found, SSL support enabled
...
3. Build the libraries:
make dep && make
4. In XCode project setting of your application (for example, ipjsua), add libssl.a and libcrypto.a from OpenSSL ARM directory to the project's Libraries:
1. In Group & Files pane, expand ipjsua, then right click Libraries, and select Add -> Existing Files....
2. Find libssl.a and libcrypto.a from OpenSSL ARM directory (for example, ${HOME}/openssl/openssl_arm) and add them to the project.
5. Build the app
Common problems
Unable to accept incoming call in background mode (iOS4)
If while in the background, ipjsua (or your application) is unable to detect if there is an incoming call and display the local notification:
1. Note that background feature only works with TCP.
2. Make sure that voip is included in the required background modes (UIBackgroundModes) in the application’s Info.plist file.
3. Make sure that the TCP socket is successfully wrapped with CFReadStreamRef (check if there is a message: "Failed to configure TCP transport for VoIP usage").
4. Check whether you can accept the incoming call by bringing the app to the foreground. If yes, make sure that the incoming call request comes from the wrapped TCP socket (check the log for the INVITE request).
Note: these steps do not troubleshoot audio problems.
Unable to support Bluetooth input
Since Bluetooth input support is only available for iOS 3.1 or later, you need to specifically specify that your deployment target is iOS 3.1 or above. You can do this either in user.mak:
export CFLAGS += -D__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED=30100
or in config_site.h:
#define __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED 30100
You need to recompile PJSIP after this.
Problem with interruption (by a phone call or an alarm), headset plug/unplug, or Bluetooth input
For devices running iOS 4.0 or later, you need to enable your application to respond to remote-control events. This allows PJSIP to properly receive and process the above events. You can do this by adding the following code in your application:
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] beginReceivingRemoteControlEvents];
For more details, please refer to Apple's doc on Remote Control of Multimedia.
Problem with deprecated CPU_SUBTYPE_ARM_ALL subtype
If you get this warning during compilation:
CPU_SUBTYPE_ARM_ALL subtype is deprecated
warning: -force_cpusubtype_ALL will become unsupported for ARM architectures
Modify your user.mak (this requires at least gcc 4.2.1 so please use r3462 or later (see ticket #1218)):
export CFLAGS += -march=armv7 -mcpu=arm1176jzf-s -mcpu=cortex-a8
export LDFLAGS += -march=armv7 -mcpu=arm1176jzf-s -mcpu=cortex-a8
Then rebuild PJSIP. Next, change your XCode setting, go to Targets-ipjsua(or your application name)-Get Info-Build, select Architectures-armv7 and tick Build Active Architecture Only-Yes.
If you need to support another architecture and/or cpu subtype, you can visit Wikipedia doc on ARM architecture.
Sound not working in the simulator
Go to System Preferences > Sound > Sound Effects and then uncheck and recheck "Play user interface sound effects". If it still doesn't work, you can try some other suggestions here.
List of Issues
#1113
iPhone: Echo cancellation may not work on iOS using SDK 4.x
#1115
iPhone: Long delay when calling AudioConverterNew() causing timeout in acquiring pjsua lock (thanks Bogdan Krakowski the report)
#1130
Incoming TCP connection on iPhone iOS4 BG mode would fail over and over with EAGAIN error (thanks Bogdan Krakowski for the report)
#1172
Crash in coreaudio_dev (iPhone OS) when there is no call during a GSM interruption
#1174
Fix crash in coreaudio_dev's interruptionListener (iPhone OS) and support for multiple interrupted streams (thanks to Seth Hinze for the patch)
#1194
iPhone: Fix problems with echo cancellation and Bluetooth input (SDK 4.x)
#1225
iPhone: UDP socket send error after waking up from background mode (thanks Joe Meade for the report)
#1226
iPhone (info only): No audio in calls if app is woken up from background mode without network connectivity (thanks Joe Meade for the report)
#1228
Long delay in iPhone initialization (thanks Guy Zelkha for the report)
#1231
Crash in iPhone iOS when trying to make a call after the application is left running for days (thanks Alejandro Orellana for the report)
#1245
Assertion may be raised if iPhone app woken up to perform registration and the server is down (thanks Alejandro Orellana for the report)
#1246
Use CFHost API for pj_getaddrinfo() on iPhone OS
#1324
Build correctness on non-video platforms (Symbian, iPhone, Windows Mobile)
#1335
Fixes assertion when interruptionListener is called from an unregistered thread on iPhone OS (thanks to Ilya Kalinin for the patch)
#1342
Disable local host resolution on iPhone OS
#1482
iPhone: Solution for application getting killed by iOS 5 due to too many wakeups
#1597
Handle socket failure in STUN resolution when coming back from iPhone/iOS background mode
Other iPhone Projects
Also have a look at these PJSIP iPhone ports by pjsip users:
Attachments (1)
Download all attachments as: .zip | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Open File With Navigation Bar
Open a file somewhere in the project tree using the keyboard and Navigation Bar.
If you've closed the Project tool window and hidden the Navigation Bar, you need a way to open file that's keyboard centric and doesn't disrupt your flow. Usually, the fastest way to open a file is the various search options (Recent Files, Navigate to File, etc.) But other times, you want to browse instead of search.
As shown previously, use the Navigation Bar to select a file:
• Activate the Navigation Bar with Navigate | Jump to Navigation Bar ⌘↑ (macOS) / Alt+Home (Windows/Linux)
• Use the cursor keys to get to the target directory
• Speed search to select the file
Once selected in the Navigation Bar, press (macOS) / Enter (Windows/Linux) and the IDE will open your file. Clicking with the mouse also works.
As a note, this is a very common pattern for jumping to a file in the current directory. In this case, you don't have to press (macOS) / Up Arrow (Windows/Linux) to go up to the directory. Even though the current file selected, you can still press (macOS) / Down Arrow (Windows/Linux) or better still, just start speed searching.
Opening the file isn't the only operation you can do on a selected Navigation Bar item. You can Refactor This, delete...basically, anything you could do when you click on the file in the Project Tool. We'll see two examples in subsequent tips.
Related Resources
How to Quickly Jump to Recent Files in any JetBrains IDE
Are you tired of hunting for that crucial file buried in your project? Say goodbye to the hassle with these IDE shortcuts and tips. Jump to recent files effortlessly in JetBrains IDEs like IntelliJ IDEA, PyCharm, PhpStorm, WebStorm, GoLand, CLion, RubyMine, and more!
Find In Path With Navigation Bar
Use keyboard and Navigation Bar to find files under a path.
Create New File With Navigation Bar
Activate the Navigation Bar and create a new file somewhere in the project tree. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Sledge drills are ground-breaking drills that require extraordinary consideration when utilizing them. These sorts of drills are intended to experience extreme material, for example, workmanship surfaces and cement. Mallet drills can be utilized to finish numerous employments by actualizing an exchangeable head where diverse instruments and bits can be set. These drills vary in that specific drilling apparatus are made for use with specific drills. Drills that require a toss to relax and secure bits set up make utilization of standard drill bits. SDS drills require particular SDS bits which snap and secure to put, a lot handier and faster to use as I would see it.
Power apparatuses with sledge abilities more often than not come in two structures, battery worked and mains worked. Mains worked drills will in general be more incredible than their battery worked partner however have the weakness of being less helpful and compact. Battery drills are still incredible and can be utilized effortlessly in any position. The drawback to battery worked drills is the way that you may need to continue reviving amid protracted occupations; they are typically bundled with extra batteries however.
Incredible consideration should dependably be taken when drilling. Eye security is an unquestionable requirement; these drills will toss block residue and residue particles every which way. On the off chance that something goes in your eye not exclusively will it harm your eye yet could likewise represent a peril to others around you. Ear assurance is likewise something that is prompted; when these drills are set to pound they can be to a great degree boisterous and harming to your hearing. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Dartmouth Big Green men's basketball
The Dartmouth Big Green men's basketball program, formerly the Dartmouth Indians, is the intercollegiate men's basketball program of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. The program is classified in the NCAA Division I and the team competes in the Ivy League. They play their home games at Leede Arena and are coached by David McLaughlin.
The Big Green have not had a winning record since going 14–12 in the 1998–99 season. They have not participated in an NCAA Tournament since 1959, the longest active streak in between appearances and the second-longest ever. Since their last tournament appearance, they have only had 10 winning seasons and only participated in a postseason tournament once, when they took part in the 2015 CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament.
NCAA tournament results
The Big Green have appeared in the NCAA tournament seven times with two national championship game appearances. Their combined record is 10–7. Dartmouth, along with Kansas, was the first team to appear in multiple NCAA Tournaments after making their second appearance in the 1942 tournament. They were also the first team to appear in consecutive tournaments.
CIT results
The Big Green have appeared in the CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament (CIT) one time. Their record is 0–1.
Unionization
A National Labor Relations Board regional official has ruled that Dartmouth basketball players are employees of the school, paving the way for a union election. The decision allows players to negotiate salary and working conditions. Dartmouth plans to seek a review of the ruling, arguing the students are not employees. The players see the ruling as a significant step forward and plan to form an Ivy League Players Association. The NCAA and universities insist athletes are students, not employees, but the ruling could challenge this view. The case is significant amid ongoing legal challenges to the amateur athlete model. The ruling may lead to increased compensation and player involvement in decision-making. The decision is supported by the Service Employees International Union, and it has implications for college athletes nationwide. | WIKI |
R307 (South Africa)
The R307 is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects the R27 north of Melkbosstrand with the R45 south-west of Moorreesburg.
From its southern origin at the R27, it heads north-east to Atlantis. Here it meets a north-north-west / south-south-east road at a t-junction. The south-south-east section is signed as the R304, but the north-north-westerly route continues as the R307. This road passes through Mamre and then receives the R315 from the east. The two roads are co-signed and continue to Darling. Leaving the R315 again diverges, heading west, whereas the R307 now heads north-east. It ends at the R45. | WIKI |
Zayd Saidov
Zayd Sherovich Saidov (Зайд Шерович Саидов; born 20 March 1958) is a Tajik businessman and politician. Saidov was engaged in business through the 1990s, but in 1999 went into government service, working as Tajikistan's Industry Minister from 2002-2007. In 2013, he was arrested and sentenced to 26 years in prison for his alleged engagement in financial fraud, polygamy, and sexual relations with a minor. He is currently serving 29 years in prison after additional charges of forgery, embezzlement, abuse of office, and tax evasion were added.
Background
Before his arrest, Saidov maintained close ties with Tajikistan's ruling elite. He was a member of the opposition during the Tajikistani Civil War from 1992-1997, but earned a post in government as a result of a power-sharing agreement. Saidov held a ministerial position as head of the Industry Affairs Committee from 2002 to 2007. Technically, he formed part of the government opposition, but he worked closely with President Rahmon, spending time with him during meetings and trips. When he left his post, he concentrated on commercial pursuits. Saidov ran an extensive business operation focused on real estate, construction, jewelry, and textiles.
2013 Arrest and Sentence
On 6 April 2013 Saidov announced his intention to create a new political party titled 'New Tajikistan', which centered around economic reforms. A campaign of government-backed denigration and threats followed and on 19 May 2013 he was arrested upon returning from Paris. On 25 December 2013 Zayd Saidov received a sentence of 26 years imprisonment for his alleged engagement in financial fraud, polygamy, and sexual relations with a minor.
All of the companies and properties under the ownership of Saidov were confiscated by the state. An additional three years in prison were later added to his sentence for forgery, embezzlement, abuse of office, and tax evasion. He is currently serving a sentence of 29 years.
Little over a year following Saidov's indictment, on 13 January 2015, his defense lawyer Shukhrat Kudratov, who had been outspoken on blatant procedural violations in the Saidov case, was jailed for 9 years for alleged fraud and bribery.
International Response
In February 2014, Human Rights Watch called on the Tajik government to "end its harassment of the political opposition". Steve Swerdlow, Central Asia researcher at Human Rights Watch stated, "Saidov's conviction starkly illustrates that the Tajik government will neither accept criticism nor the role of opposition parties in a democratic society,". He went on to say that "the criminal investigation against Zaid Saidov has been marred by serious due process violations and an unmistakable attempt by authorities to deprive him of the right to defend himself,".
In July 2018, the UN Human Rights Committee found that Saidov's trial was in violation of international law and called for his release.
Freedom Now, Civil Rights Defenders, Human Rights Watch, and the Norwegian Helsinki Committee joined together to call on the UN Secretary-General and the European Union to investigate Saidov's sentence and imprisonment.
In July 2019, Freedom Now submitted a report detailing the case to the Office of the UN Human Rights Committee. This report was delivered in advance of Tajikistan's Universal Periodic Review conducted by the UN in June 2019. Freedom Now submitted a report to the UN Human Rights Council pertaining to the case in advance of Tajikistan's Universal Periodic Review in March 2021. | WIKI |
User:Ecdinh1
Hello! I am a student at Northeastern and my interests include music, dance, computer science, and economics. | WIKI |
Source
htsql-firebird / src / htsql / tweak / sqlalchemy / __init__.py
#
# Copyright (c) 2006-2012, Prometheus Research, LLC
# See `LICENSE` for license information, `AUTHORS` for the list of authors.
#
from . import connect, introspect
from sqlalchemy.engine.base import Engine as SQLAlchemyEngine
from sqlalchemy.schema import MetaData as SQLAlchemyMetaData
from sqlalchemy.engine.url import make_url
from ...core.validator import ClassVal
from ...core.addon import Addon, Parameter
from ...core.util import DB
class TweakSQLAlchemyAddon(Addon):
prerequisites = []
postrequisites = ['htsql']
name = 'tweak.sqlalchemy'
hint = """use SQLAlchemy engine and model"""
help = """
This addon provides SQLAlchemy integration in two ways.
First, it permits using database connections from SQLAlchemy.
Second, it uses SQLAlchemy model instead of introspecting
the database.
Parameter `engine` and `metadata` must point to the SQLAlchemy
`engine` and `metadata` objects. The objects are specified
by a dotted string of module names. The last component in
the dotted string is a module attribute.
"""
parameters = [
Parameter('engine', ClassVal(SQLAlchemyEngine),
value_name="MODULE.NAME",
hint='the SQLAlchemy `engine` object'),
Parameter('metadata', ClassVal(SQLAlchemyMetaData),
value_name="MODULE.NAME",
hint='the SQLAlchemy `metadata` object')
]
@classmethod
def get_extension(cls, app, attributes):
# This provides the htsql.db plugin parameter (1st argument
# of HTSQL) if it is not otherwise provided. If htsql.db
# is provided, than this operation is effectively a noop,
# the return result is ignored.
sqlalchemy_metadata = attributes['metadata']
sqlalchemy_engine = attributes['engine']
if sqlalchemy_metadata:
assert isinstance(sqlalchemy_metadata, SQLAlchemyMetaData)
if not sqlalchemy_engine:
sqlalchemy_engine = sqlalchemy_metadata.bind
if sqlalchemy_engine:
assert isinstance(sqlalchemy_engine, SQLAlchemyEngine)
engine = sqlalchemy_engine.dialect.name
engine = {
'postgresql': 'pgsql',
}.get(engine, engine)
url = make_url(sqlalchemy_engine.url)
return { 'htsql': { 'db': DB(engine=engine,
database=url.database,
username=url.username,
password=url.password,
host=url.host, port=url.port) },
'engine.%s' % engine : {}}
return {} | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Kounotori 5
Cargo
For a record: the canceled NASA unpressurised cargo appears to be MUSES (Multi-User System for Earth Sensing). (ref: ) --Fukumoto (talk) 16:02, 14 July 2015 (UTC)
--Fukumoto (talk) 16:10, 14 July 2015 (UTC) | WIKI |
Julian Assange: journalistic hero or enemy agent? - WikiLeaks
JULIAN ASSANGE, hauled out of the Ecuadorian embassy in London on April 11th after nearly seven years of self-imposed confinement, pale and hirsute, was not a pleasant house-guest. He is alleged to have smeared faeces on the wall of the embassy and neglected his cat, among other uncouth behaviour, according to Ecuador’s exasperated foreign minister. Even so, claim his supporters, his expulsion and arrest was a grave assault on press freedom. Others think it a long-overdue reckoning with justice for a man who had unleashed information anarchy upon the West, culminating in the destabilisation of American democracy. Is Mr Assange a heroic journalist, reckless activist or even an enemy agent? There is no doubt that Mr Assange and his organisation, WikiLeaks, have published some of the most dramatic leaks of the past decade. These include documents exposing American wrong-doing in Iraq and Afghanistan (including larger estimates of civilian casualties in Afghanistan than previously reported, and video footage of an indiscriminate attack by an American helicopter in Iraq) in 2010. The same year it released a trove of over 250,000 juicy American diplomatic cables, stolen with the help of Chelsea Manning, then a junior soldier. Perhaps most seriously, in 2016 WikiLeaks was the conduit for Russian-hacked emails from the Democratic Party that may have swayed the course of America’s presidential election. Upgrade your inbox and get our Daily Dispatch and Editor's Picks. Mr Assange’s admirers ask: what distinguishes him from the New York Times, which published the leaked Pentagon Papers in 1971, exposing damning details of the Vietnam war? In some ways, Mr Assange was doing no more than following in the footsteps of such illustrious news organisations, which had long given a platform to anti-government leakers–and enjoyed First Amendment protections while doing so. Yet there are several reasons why Mr Assange’s conduct puts him in a different category. The American charges against him point to one notable difference. They accuse Mr Assange not only of publishing leaked information—that is something that journalists do all the time–but also of helping Ms Manning to crack the password to a secret Pentagon network, making him a “co-conspirator” in illegal hacking. Many journalists egg on their sources to provide more information, as Mr Assange is alleged to have done; most do not help their sources pick physical or digital locks. President Barack Obama’s justice department acknowledged that it could not prosecute Mr Assange’s leaking without criminalising the quotidian work of the media. But it warned, reasonably, that journalists did not have carte blanche: if they were believed to be agents of a foreign power, or conspiring in crimes with one, they could be legitimately booked. Some of WikiLeaks’ behaviour may have come close to crossing this line (though the extent of Mr Assange’s personal role in its activity is unknown). According to an indictment published by the special counsel, Robert Mueller, in 2016 WikiLeaks urged Russian spies—operating under a flimsy pseudonym—to send it emails relating to the then Democratic candidate, Hillary Clinton. Its aim was to sway the election in favour of her Democratic rival, Bernie Sanders. Donald Trump was the real beneficiary. “Boy, I love reading WikiLeaks,” he declared in 2016 (now, as president, he says WikiLeaks is “not my thing”). Mike Pompeo, then a Republican congressman, gleefully tweeted about WikiLeaks during the campaign. But in April 2017, having become director of the CIA, he called WikiLeaks “a non-state hostile intelligence service often abetted by state actors like Russia”. This points to a second difference between Mr Assange and ordinary reporters. Most responsible journalists would not implore an authoritarian country’s spies to send them secrets for the purpose of disrupting a democratic election; nor would they fail to inform readers about the dubious provenance of the information. WikiLeaks’ willingness to serve as an uncritical and enthusiastic laundromat for Russian intelligence reflects the group’s longer history of publishing material with little or no newsworthiness, but calculated to undermine American interests. A cache of CIA hacking tools published in 2017 was one example. In contrast, WikiLeaks almost never publishes leaks that might undermine America’s autocratic rivals. Mr Assange may not be an enemy agent, but he has at least been a useful idiot. Mr Assange’s commitment to dumping information, rather than reporting it, has put him directly at odds with real journalists. In 2011 he published the unredacted version of the American diplomatic cables, having disagreed with the decision of several newspapers to publish only redacted ones the previous year. His five partners—the Guardian, the New York Times, El País, Der Spiegel and Le Monde—condemned the move, pointing out that Mr Assange had revealed sensitive personal information and national-security details with little news value. Some named sources, such as an Ethiopian journalist, were forced to flee their countries. It is right to be sceptical of the motives of Donald Trump’s administration. Britain should be wary of extraditing a high-profile suspect to a country whose justice department is in a state of political flux, and where details of the central offence of hacking are still sketchy—not least whether it was successful and what information, if anything, was stolen. But that does not mean the freedom of the press rests on the fate of Mr Assange. If Mr Assange deems himself to be a journalist, he is in desperate need of a remedial course on the basic ethics of the profession. Whether in Britain or America, he is likely to have plenty of time for that in the months ahead. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Talk:Internet transit
Merge?
The wholesale agreements by which transit is sold is very different from the notion of "transit" from a routing table perspective. Therefore these articles should not be merged. Elencticdeictic 18:12, 30 December 2006 (UTC)
Then, as I just said on the talk page for the "IP transit" article, that difference needs to be made explicit within a single context, rather than in a separate, undifferentiated and competing article. If there's something you feel needs to be said in this article, please say it, rather than continuing the competing article without explaining rationale within the article. Bill Woodcock 15:47, 6 January 2007 (UTC)
Bill -- I think a simple Google search will suffice to demonstrate the differences in usage of the terms: Searching on "IP Transit" will show a number of advertisements and wholesale bandwidth services for wholesale bandwidith. "Internet Transit" will not show any of these items. Therefore, I think your contention that "IP Transit" and "Internet Transit" compete as generally accepted terms is incorrect. The usage of IP transit has grown to mean "wholesale IP bandwidth". Internet Transit primarily refers accessing to routes on the "entire Internet". Quite simply, the "competing" Internet Transit article does not describe how either IP bandwidth is now wholesaled nor is it the the term which has emereged as the description for that service -- as my Google search example demonstrates. If you want to discuss directly, please email me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or we can talk at NANOG. Are you suggesting that on the merge, "IP Transit" is no longer defined in Wikipedia? If not, then I think it could makes sense to merge and I'll make my edit to the new "merged" article. Keep in mind that when I created IP Transit about a year ago, the Internet Transit article did not refer to how IP bandwidth was wholesaled. Also, you may wish to edit the external link at PCH since it seems to require that you login to get the information. Elencticdeictic 07:47, 7 January 2007 (UTC)
Several points... First: I wasn't meaning to suggest that the _terms_ "Internet transit" and "IP transit" were competing, but that the _articles_ were. I think that as people use them in conversation, it could well be that they have, or are gaining, the usage you're suggesting, and I don't have any argument with that assertion. I was saying that the _articles_ were competing, in the sense that both appear to purport to be comprehensive, and neither acknowleged the existence of the other. Thus, I was agreeing that they needed to be merged and disambiguated. Second: It was my assumption that "IP transit" would be made a redirect to "Internet transit" with an explanation in the Internet transit article of the distinction that you're positing. Third: Re the external link, I was able to replicate the login problem you encountered, I've asked one of our admins to get it fixed, and I've removed the link for now. Bill Woodcock 01:59, 9 January 2007 (UTC)
These should be a single article, IMNSHO. What little difference that exists (if any) should be clearly spelled out in a single place. jzp 21:50, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
* Looks like the above was talking about merging IP transit? I just now proposed merging in Network service provider too. Although in the generic sense one could argue that NSP would be a more general concept, the article there only talks about wholesale Internet bandwidth sales, which is that this article talks about. The generic concept could always be spun out if there is another kind of provider that becomes notable. But having one referenced article might be better than several stubs with no sources. W Nowicki (talk) 23:06, 1 June 2013 (UTC)
* I vote to merge this little content to Internet_service_provider because this way, we don't miss the point, that a NSP can also provide layer one services like physical Dark fiber (that's where I originally came to this article). --Never stop exploring (talk) 05:26, 30 April 2015 (UTC)
I agree that the article on Network service provider should be merged with this one. Tommiie (talk) 23:16, 7 August 2017 (UTC)
Mbit/s/Month ?
This is a very confusing unit. Shouldn't it be Mbit/s Month, ie Mbps times Month? (eg. It's also called kWh, not kW/h)
Ortherwise it would be proportional to Mbit/s^2. Does this measure the rate at which the data transfer rate changes??
Or or perhaps it means Mbit/(s/Month)? That would be odd too, since Mbit/s is a commonly known unit, and s/Month isn't.
Whoever knows the answer, please explain in the article. Klafubra 19:17, 13 May 2007 (UTC)
External link
* InterStream List of IP Transit Providers has been removed, becouse the link leads nowhere. -- Prunk (talk) 09:43, 14 August 2010 (UTC) | WIKI |
Crucial Facts on the Diagnoses and Treatment of Oral Cancer
It’s obvious that oral cancer is a serious matter. But that’s why you need be educated on the symptoms, risks, and diagnoses process of this disease.
photo by US Army Africa via Flickr.
No type of cancer is easy to talk about.
Still, it’s important to be educated on this disease in order to catch it in it’s earliest stages. With oral cancer, it’s no different. This year alone, it’s predicted that over 48,000 people will be diagnosed with oral or pharyngeal cancer. To protect yourself, here is everything you need to know about the symptoms, diagnoses, and treatment of oral cancer.
Early Detection and Symptoms
You play the biggest role in diagnosing cancer in its earliest stages. Some ways to be on guard against oral cancer are getting screened annually, keeping up with regular dental examinations, taking note of changes in your mouth that could be signs of oral cancer. The Oral Cancer Foundation advises that you contact your doctor or dentist immediately if you notice any of the following symptoms:
• An unusual lump or thickening in the cheek
• A lesion or mouth sore that bleeds easily and does not heal within 2 weeks
• A sore throat or feeling that something is in the back of the throat
• A white and/or red patch found on the lining of the mouth, gums, or tongue
• Difficulty swallowing, chewing, or moving jaw or tongue
• Numbness around the mouth or tongue
• Chronic hoarseness
• Swelling of the jaw
Although the symptoms listed above may be caused by less serious problems, it doesn’t hurt to be too careful when facing the possibility of cancer. Be especially aware of these symptoms if you use tobacco, drink excessive amounts of alcohol, or have been diagnosed with HPV, as these put you at greater risk of developing oral cancer.
Diagnoses
Examinations
Only a medical professional will be able to properly diagnose the presence of oral cancer definitively. Dentists are trained to give simple, quick screenings where they will examine the teeth and oral cavity as a whole to check for concerning signs of cancer. Besides a visual examination of your mouth, a doctor will provide a physical examination. To search your mouth for abnormalities and swelling, your doctor will feel the back of your throat, your lymph nodes, inside of cheeks and lips, and the floor of your mouth. An indirect examination of the nasopharynx and larynx will take place through an oral screening. Your doctor will look for signs such as ulcerations, lumps and bumps, red or white sores, and loose teeth.
Seeing a Specialist
When your doctor or dentist is unable to find the cause of your symptoms, they may refer you to a specialist. Doctors who specialize in dealing with the ear, nose, or throat may need to examine the state and severity of your symptoms. If an abnormal area is found, the next step is a biopsy.
Biopsy
A biopsy is the only way to be sure that the abnormal area in your mouth is cancerous. There are a few kinds of biopsies that may be performed during diagnosis of oral cancer.
• Brush Biopsy - A brush biopsy is at a dental office where a sampling of cells is collected for preliminary examination. This is done by aggressively rubbing a brush against the concerning area. If the cells show a positive sign of cancer, then a conventional incisional biopsy must be performed.
• Incisional Biopsy - During an incisional biopsy, a doctor will remove a small piece of tissue to look for cancer cells. The sample is often taken from part or all of a lesion depending on the size. The sample is then sent to a pathologist who examines the tissue for abnormal or malignant cells under a microscope.
• Fine needle biopsy (FNB) - A fine needle biopsy (or fine needle aspiration cytology) is often used when dealing with a significant mass, such as an enlarged lymph node. In this technique, a sample of suspect tissue is taken using a syringe. A doctor may draw out cells from several locations on the mass to ensure that a thorough sample has been taken.
• Punch Biopsy - In this type of incisional biopsy, a very small circular blade is pressed down to cut a round border on the suspect area. Then, the doctor pulls on the center of the area, snipping the surrounding tissue free with a scalpel or small tissue scissors. Thus, a perfect plug of cells is removed from the sample area.
Questions to ask about Biopsy
Before you get a biopsy, the National Cancer Institute recommends that you ask your doctor or dentist the following questions:
• Why do I need a biopsy?
• How much tissue will be removed?
• How long will the process take?
• Will I be awake during the procedure?
• Will I feel any pain during the biopsy?
• How soon will I know the results?
• Are there any risks? What are the chances of infection or bleeding after the biopsy?
• How should I care for the biopsy site afterward? How long will it take to heal?
• Will I be able to eat and drink normally after the biopsy?
• If I do have cancer, who will talk with me about treatment? When?
Staging
If you have been diagnosed with oral cancer, your doctor will then need to learn the extent of the disease. Learning the stage of the cancer will help you and your doctor choose the best type of treatment.
Your doctor may order that you undergo one or more of the following procedures:
• CT Scan - A CT scan is used to find tumors in your mouth, throat, neck, lungs, or elsewhere in the body. You may receive an injection of dye so that the x-ray machine linked to a computer can take a series of detailed pictures of the suspect areas.
• MRI - An MRI test can show if the oral cancer has spread to other parts of your body. It uses a powerful magnet linked to a computer to take detailed pictures of your body for doctors to examine.
• X-rays - An x-ray may be taken of your mouth to determine if the cancer has spread to the jaw. Images of your chest and lungs may also be taken to see if the cancer has spread to those areas.
• PET Scan - During a PET scan, you’ll receive a small amount of radioactive sugar that gives off signals for the scanner to pick up. The PET scanner then uses those signals to make a picture of the area where the sugar is being taken up. The cancer cells will show up brighter because they take in sugar faster than normal cells. It will also show if the cancer has spread throughout the body.
• Endoscopy - During this test, the doctor will use a thin, lighted tube to check your windpipe, lungs, and throat. Local anesthesia, general anesthesia, or a mild sedative will be given to prevent discomfort during the procedure. This examination can be done in a doctor’s office, outpatient clinic, or hospital.
Determining the Stage of Cancer
Determining the stage of oral cancer is crucial for choosing the most effective treatment. To describe the stage of cancer, doctors consider the size of the tumor(s) and if/how the cancer has spread to other tissue.
According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology, cancer is defined by stages 0 through 4.
• Stage 0 - Stage 0 cancers are often highly curable, and tumors can usually be removed with surgery. In this case, the cancer is still in its original location and has not spread to nearby tissue.
• Stage I - This is an early stage cancer that has not spread to the lymph nodes or other tissues. The small cancer or tumor has not grown deeply into the nearby tissue.
• Stages II and III - This stage often indicates a deeper growth of larger cancers or tumors into nearby tissue. Though the cancer hasn’t spread to other parts of the body, it may have spread to the lymph nodes.
• Stage IV - This is an advanced stage of cancer. This means that cancer has spread to organs and other parts of the body.
Prognostic Factors
Your doctor may use other information to determine the best available treatment and chance of recovery on top of the staging system.
• Grade - The grade is a description of how much the cancer cells look like healthy, cancerous cells under a microscope. Low-grade cancer cells look more like healthy cells, whereas high-grade cells look more or less like healthy cells.
• Tumor Genetics - The genes in cancer cells can sometimes help predict how the cancer will spread and what treatments will help.
• Tumor Markers - Tumor markers are substances found in significantly high levels in the blood, urine, or body tissues of people with cancer. This helps to determine the best treatment based on the tumor markers that indicate the type of cancer at hand.
Related Articles | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:List of Royal Navy shore establishments
Untitled
Does anyone know of the existence of a former shore establishment that went by the name of HMS Sea Eagle? Douglasnicol 21:53, 13 March 2006 (UTC)
HMS President III?
HMS President III is supposedly described as the accounting base for gunners on Defensively Armed Merchant Ships in Lt Cdr. Warlow's Shore Establishments of the Royal Navy. But I have not seen that source myself. Can anybody confirm this? Abu ari 17:13, 29 November 2006 (UTC)
Merge proposal
Support: Self-evident. Is there anybody out there with time on their hands? John Moore 309 16:38, 17 January 2007 (UTC)
I think there is more mileage in mergine this with the other article, since there is already more content there. It's a question of semantics though, I prefer the other title.ALR 15:23, 12 March 2007 (UTC)
Former Establishments
Is there a comprehensive list of former short establishments anywhere? I am sure I came across one on the Internet some time ago but can't find anything now. Should this section be expanded to try and collect together a definitive list? Also is there a list anywhere of Ports as in "Port A", "Port Z" etc --jmb 12:26, 12 March 2007 (UTC)
HMS Caroline
Talking to old sailors I have gained the impression that during World War II that HMS Caroline (a real ship, with no engines in WWII) took over many land-side buildings and offices in its role as the Royal Navy HQ in Belfast Harbour. Does anybody know any more about this and if true would it come under the heading "shore establishment"?--Thefrood 09:40, 22 August 2007 (UTC)
* I get the impression that quite a number of shore establishments started out as a ship moored in the harbour then moved to a suitable building and the same name used. Stornoway was HMS Mentor, I think there was a ship moored in the harbour initially but they moved to Lews Castle and kept the same name. I also notice that some of the Coastal Forces shore establishments had a series of numbers suggesting that there were annexes in other areas which were given sequential numbers. --jmb 11:05, 22 August 2007 (UTC)
* As Belfast developed into a major naval base during World War II, it outgrew the confines of HMS Caroline herself and occupied different establishments in various parts of the city. Eventually several thousand ratings were wearing Caroline cap tallies. The first such establishment was set up in the Belfast Custom House. Later, Belfast Castle was taken over and included a radio station.
* There were depth charge pistol and “Hedgehog” repair workshops associated with Caroline some of which would have been on the quays beside her berth in Milewater Basin.
* During the early part of the war when RAF Belfast occupied Sydenham (Belfast harbour) airfield, FAA personnel based there were were lodged under HMS Caroline. In 1943 the airfield was transferred to the Admiralty and commissioned as HMS Gadwall. Geologue 13:36, 6 September 2007 (UTC)
Ceres Division
As I understand it Ceres was supposed to independently commission in April of this year, but I've not seen anything in more detail about that. Once there is some more concrete information we could do with amending it.
ALR (talk) 09:04, 18 July 2008 (UTC)
Regionalisation
Noting the recent confusion about Ceres parenting it's probably worth highlighting the regionalisation process which has recently taken place, with RNR units consolidating HR management in a single unit, with training management and divisional care remaining with the local RTC. The regional units are President, Eaglet, Flying Fox and Scotia, hence Eaglet runs the pay account for Ceres. As part of the consolidation some staff have been moved around.
ALR (talk) 09:04, 18 July 2008 (UTC)
Alpha Sort
The former establishments have some idiosyncracies of sort order in this article. HMS comes forst, then RNAD as if the prefix is important, not the establishment name, and 'St estab name' is sorted under S not under estab name. The only reason I have not touched this is that it might genuinely be the naval way! But, if you know different, it could do with re-ordering. Fiddle Faddle (talk) 09:04, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
RNH Greenwich
I'm not sure that Greenwich was ever an 'RNH' only ever being referred to as Greenwich Hospital
Petechilcott (talk) 23:19, 29 June 2012 (UTC)
HMS Siskin
Although Sultan now stands on the site, I've added in HMS Siskin formerly RAF Gosport
Institute of Naval Medicine
Debatable where this sits but it's there now
Petechilcott (talk) 23:44, 29 June 2012 (UTC)
At present there is no HMNB Singapore/Sembawang
It is just a logistic depot, co-owned with the US Navy now.
Cantab1985 (talk) 03:07, 13 June 2016 (UTC)
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HMS Victory
On the List of ships named HMS Victory page it says there were up to 8 shore establishments called HMS Victory in WWI, yet none are recorded here. Is there a reason they aren't listed? Obscurasky (talk) 19:38, 20 January 2019 (UTC)
HMS
Full name of of HMS <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:14, 17 May 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Kënga Magjike 2007
Kënga Magjike 2007, was the ninth edition of the annual Albanian song competition, first held in 1999. It took place in the Palace of Congresses in Tirana, Albania. There were two semifinals (23 and 24 November 2007) and a final (25 November 2007). Fifty-four songs were heard in advance by the public at home, which narrowed them down to 40 songs by televoting. These songs competed in the semi-finals but only eighteen made it to the final. Ten songs were voted into the finals by the singers and eight songs by the jury. In the end, Aurela Gaçe won the first prize. Florjan Mumajesi and Soni Malaj were the runners-up. The winner was determined by the singers who voted for each other.
Voting procedure
Ten songs were voted into the finals by the singers and eight songs by the jury.
* The singers voted for each other to determine the ranking of the songs.
* The jury determined most of the other prizes, while the televote decided the "Public's Prize", the "Internet Prize" and the "Hit Song" prize.
* The production studios decided the "Discography Prize".
* Ardit Gjebrea decided the "Jon Music" prize.
Jury
* President of the Jury, Singer: Gaqo Çako
* President of the Jury, Singer: Luiza Papa
* Songwriter: Françesk Radi
* News Anchor: Tefta Radi
* Composer, Professor: Nora Çashku
* Filmmaker: Kujtim Çashku
* Singer: Kaliopi
* Actor, Filmmaker: Vasil Zafircev
* Singer: Mihrije Braha
* Singer: Naim Abazi
* Riza Cerova
* Diana Cerova
Orchestra
In all the live shows the singers used playback all the time. This has now become a tradition of the festival for years.
Comedians
* Hajrie Rondo (Tana - 14 Vjeç Dhëndër)
* Albert Vërria (Xha Sulo - Kapedani)
Gaqo Çako Reprise
* Gaqo Çako
* Ema Qazimi
* Liljana Kondakçi
* Myfarete Laze
* Edit Mihali
* Limoz Dizdari
* Luiza Papa
* Ibrahim Madhi (violin)
Others
* Kaliopi
* Mihrije Braha
* Naim Abazi
Staff
* Executive Producer: Anila Gjebrea
* Stage: Bashkim Zahaj
* Organizer: Ardit Gjebrea
* Directors: Agron Vulaj; Astrit Idrizi | WIKI |
If you’re a WordPress developer, you probably have a local setup where you do a lot of your work. When it comes to creating and managing multiple local WordPress websites, there are plenty of tools to choose from. However, they often require a lot of resources, which can slow your computer down, and it makes juggling numerous environments a hassle.
Containers enable you to run multiple development environments with a higher degree of compartmentalization and a reduced strain on your computer. Plus, they’re also great for reproducing development environments on other devices. In this article, we’ll talk more about what they are, when it makes sense to use them, and how to set up WordPress using containers. Let’s get to work!
What Containers Are (And When It Makes Sense to Use Them)
Containers are very similar to virtual machines, except they don’t require a full Operating System (OS) to work, making them less resource intensive. Aside from that, you can use containers to set up all the software you need for your development projects.
For example, you can have containers that include PHP, MySQL, and Apache to run WordPress. Then, you can have separate containers for running a Joomla! environment, or any other Content Management System (CMS) you want to use. As the name implies, containers are highly compartmentalized, which makes for a better development experience.
With that in mind, we recommend using containers if:
• You need access to a broad range of environments for development projects or to run tests.
• You don’t need full virtual machines to do your work.
• Your work computer can’t handle multiple virtual machines due to hardware limitations.
• You’re comfortable using the command line for your work.
That last point is important. Since containers don’t come with full OS installations, you’ll mostly (if not always) interact with them through the command line. Most container software is UNIX-based, so you’ll want to be familiar with that type of system and how to use them.
Over the past years, there’s been a boom in the use of containers for development work. That means there are plenty of great software options you can choose from. However, if you’re looking for a quick recommendation, you should try out using Docker:
The Docker homepage.
Docker is open-source software that enables you to create and share containers. It’s easy to use with projects of any scale, and it offers great performance, which is why it’s one of our favorite options. We’re also fans of Kubernetes:
The Kubernetes homepage.
This particular software is a better fit if you need to manage massive numbers of containers. In fact, it even markets itself as a solution for businesses that need scalable applications. Either software is a great option if you want to dip your toes into using containers. However, we’re going to focus on Docker in this article, since it’s more beginner-friendly and easy to get started with.
How to Set Up a Local WordPress Installation Using Containers (In 3 Steps)
We’re now going to show you how you can create and configure a local WordPress environment using Docker. As we mentioned earlier, the primary way you’ll interact with Docker is through the command line, so make sure you’re comfortable using this type of interface before proceeding.
Step #1: Set Up Docker on Your Computer
First off, you’ll need to download Docker. There are several versions of the software you can use, but the one primarily used for personal development projects is called Docker Desktop:
The Docker Desktop download page.
To download Docker, you’ll need to sign up for a free account on the platform, which will give you access to links for multiple OSs. Go ahead and download the version now you need, although we’ll be using the Windows version for this example:
Downloading the Windows version of Docker,
Once you’ve done that, you can install the program. The installation process is straightforward, so keep on until the program is ready to use.
Step #2: Create a WordPress ‘Compose’ File and Execute It
Before you run Docker, we’re going to do a little preparation to hit the ground running. With Docker, you can use something called compose files, which contain instructions for the software you want your containers to include. Now, go ahead and set up a directory somewhere on your computer where you want your local WordPress files to go, such as users/john/local-wordpress.
Once the folder is ready, create a new text file within. You can use any name you want for it, such as wordpress-compose.yml. Make sure that you use the .yml extension, which ensures that Docker will recognize it. Open that file using your favorite text editor and paste the following within:
version: "3.0"
services:
wordpress:
image: wordpress
restart: always
ports:
- 8090:80
environment:
WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: root
mysql:
image: mysql:5.7
restart: always
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
In that code, we’re instructing Docker to install WordPress and MySQL on their own containers. We’re also assigning a password for your database and making sure WordPress knows what it is. Go ahead and save the changes to your file now and close it.
It’s now time to run Docker, so look for the Docker Quickstart Terminal application on your computer and execute it. You should see a command line terminal such as this one now:
The Docker command line.
The first thing you need to do is navigate to your local WordPress directory through the command line. Once you’re in, type the following command:
docker-compose -f wordpress-compose.yml
Keep in mind that the last part of the command will vary depending on how you named your .yml file. However, as soon as you run that command Docker will download the necessary files and set everything up for you. Once both containers are ready, you’ll be able to use the Docker command line again. Try typing the docker ps command now, and you should see a list including both containers.
Your local WordPress website is now almost ready to use. All that’s left is to wrap up the WordPress installation process, which we’ll cover next.
Step #3: Finish Installing WordPress
For this last step, you won’t need to use the command line. Instead, you should open your browser and navigate to localhost:8090, which is the port we assigned to our WordPress container. If the container is running, you should see this familiar screen:
The WordPress installer.
Now, go ahead and make your way through the rest of the WordPress installation process, which should only take a few minutes.
Before wrapping up, remember you can have as many containers as you want running simultaneously. That means you can have several WordPress setups alongside each other.
How to Manage and Delete Your Docker Containers
If you use Docker regularly, chances are you’ll need to delete some of your containers at some point. You can do this from the Docker command line, by using the following command:
docker rm yourcontainername
Naturally, you’ll need to replace that placeholder with the name of the container you want to delete. If you can’t remember what its name is, you can see a list of all your existing containers using the docker ps command.
Finally, it’s also possible to stop containers, so they don’t consume resources in the background. This is sometimes a better measure than outright deleting them. To stop a container, simply use the following command:
docker stop yourcontainername
When you want to start the container again, you can do so with this command:
docker start yourcontainername
With that, you’ve successfully used Docker to create one or more WordPress containers, and learned the basics of the software. We recommend that you spend some time learning more about the program and how it can help you when developing for WordPress!
Conclusion
Local WordPress development is a great option if you do a lot of work with the platform. For example, you can use local setups to develop your own themes or set up staging sites. There are plenty of ways to set up WordPress locally, but if you’re partial to the command line, containers are a pretty excellent bet. Plus, they often don’t require a whole lot of resources.
In this article, we walked you through the steps to setting up WordPress containers using Docker. These include:
1. Set up Docker on your computer.
2. Create a WordPress compose file and execute it.
3. Finish installing WordPress.
Do you have any questions about how to set up a WordPress container using Docker? Let’s talk about them in the comments section below!
Article thumbnail image by MicroOne / shutterstock.com
The post What Containers Are (And How You Can Use Them In WordPress Development) appeared first on Elegant Themes Blog. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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[Plugin: Yoast Breadcrumbs] Remove from homepage? (5 posts)
1. billweb
Member
Posted 5 years ago #
Is it possible to remove the breadcrumb from the home page, but leave it on all other posts/pages/etc?
Do not want breadcrumb's Home on the home page.
2. dave925
Member
Posted 5 years ago #
I would like to know the answer to this too.
3. Arieskingdom
Member
Posted 4 years ago #
In yoast-breadcrumbs.php on line 193:
if ( ($on_front == "page" && is_front_page()) || ($on_front == "posts" && is_home()) ) {
$output = bold_or_not($opt['home']);
Change that output to
$output = '';
Thats what I did, worked a treat.
4. digikev
Member
Posted 4 years ago #
Arieskingdom wrote:
In yoast-breadcrumbs.php on line 193:
if ( ($on_front == "page" && is_front_page()) || ($on_front == "posts" && is_home()) ) {
$output = bold_or_not($opt['home']);
Change that output to
$output = '';
Thats what I did, worked a treat.
This will still leave you with the text "You are here:"
It is far simpler to adjust the code that you add into your header.php so it reads:
<?php if (is_home()) {
echo '';
} else {
if ( function_exists('yoast_breadcrumb') ) {
yoast_breadcrumb('<p id="breadcrumbs">','');
}
} ?>
5. imprintdesign
Member
Posted 4 years ago #
digikev wrote:
It is far simpler to adjust the code that you add into your header.php so it reads:
<?php if (is_home()) {
echo '';
} else {
if ( function_exists('yoast_breadcrumb') ) {
yoast_breadcrumb('<p id="breadcrumbs">','');
}
} ?>
I found that I needed to change the word home -- see above example -- to front_page because in WP 2.8.2 I have the FRONT PAGE DISPLAYS option set to "A static page" which I then set and WP "turns into" a call for "front_page". It worked great after I made that one change.
Also, I placed the breadcrumbs in my index.php - you may need to look elsewhere (other than header.php) if your breadcrumbs are not in that file.
I used:
<?php if (is_front_page()) {
echo '';
} else {
if ( function_exists('yoast_breadcrumb') ) {
yoast_breadcrumb('<p id="breadcrumbs">','');
}
} ?>
Topic Closed
This topic has been closed to new replies.
About this Topic | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Trusteeship (Gandhism)
Trusteeship is a socio-economic philosophy that was propounded by Mahatma Gandhi. It provides a means by which the wealthy people would be the trustees of trusts that looked after the welfare of the people in general. This concept was condemned by socialists as being in favor of the landlords, feudal princes and the capitalists, opposed to socialist theories. Gandhi believed that the wealthy people could be persuaded to part with their wealth to help the poor. Putting it in Gandhiji's words "Supposing I have come by a fair amount of wealth – either by way of legacy, or by means of trade and industry – I must know that all that wealth does not belong to me; what belongs to me is the right to an honourable livelihood by millions of others. The rest of my wealth belongs to the community and must be used for the welfare of the community." Gandhi along with his followers, after their release from prison formulated a "simple" and a "practical" formula where Trusteeship was explained. A draft practical trusteeship formula was prepared by Gandhi’s co-workers, Narhari Parikh and Kishorelal Mashruwala and it was fine-tuned by M.L. Dantwala.
Influences
The founder of the Tata Group, J.R.D. Tata was influenced by Gandhi's idea of trusteeship. He developed his personal and professional life based on this idea. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Heilkunst
This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was - deleted - SimonP 01:02, May 22, 2005 (UTC)
Heilkunst
* RETAINI have studied medicine, including homeopathy, intensively for over 10 years in an effort to address my son's chronic ills related to Autism. This article clearly explains why the full understanding of Hahnemann's whole system of medicine, which includes Homeopathy, has the capacity to broaden our scope and imagination for true remediation and a reliable systematic cure. Hahnemann himself was also subject to the emotional plague reaction where the establishment attempted to suppress true knowledge. My son demands a better way. (AAMc)
* User:<IP_ADDRESS> first contribution.Geni 13:03, 21 May 2005 (UTC)
It would appear that this article is aboput homeopathy which we already have an article about.Geni 15:44, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
* Retain - This is supposed to be an encyclopedia of information; it seems this author has provided information. Hahnemann called his major work "Organon Der Heilkunst". Therefore this needs to be a part of wikipedia, so that the information can be available to the readers of this encyclopedia.--Scottish lass 17:59, 20 May 2005 (UTC)
* congratulations on your first edit to wikipedia.
* Delete this ranting vanity. -MarSch 16:19, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
* Delete I'd suggest merging with homeopathy but the author has already put most of this information there (replacing much of the original homeopathy article in the process). The author is apparently promoting an organization that he is associated with. --Lee Hunter 16:22, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
* Delete I agree with all comments above. --capnez 16:27, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
* Delete The author is definitely promoting an organization, of which he is head. That which is called "Heilkunst" in the English-language world is taught at his school and his school alone. Here's its website. --Homeoinsider 21:34, May 16, 2005 (UTC)
* RETAIN I have read this article, and it provides useful information that shows clearly that Heilkunst is not part of homeopathy, but rather the other way around - which is fascinating. I've studied homeopathy 27 years and practiced for 18, and this is food for thought. This fulfils the mission of an encyclopedia, I think, in providing factual information and references/resources for readers to do further research. homeowiki--Homeowiki 23:49, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
* Retain- for reasons set out in comments below - rudiverspoor
* Please Do Not Delete This is not the same as homeopathy. Homeopathy is a part of the greater system of Heilkunst. Not the other way around. This has nothing to do with the argument about mainstreams acceptance of homeopathy or heilkunst. I appreciate having a definition. Heilkunst includes things like regimen eating the right food and homeopathy is about remedies. I found it informative and i wonder why more people do not know about it.[ marlasw1
* Welcome to Wikipedia, Marlasw1! Because your only edits are to this page, I'm guessing that you're associated with Heilkunst and you already knew a lot about it. Most readers don't have that background, though. The article might survive if it's promptly re-written to show the nonspecialist that this subject is notable and that we need a separate article on Heilkunst. In its current form, the article is so jargon-laden and unencyclopedic that it's practically impenetrable to those of us who aren't steeped in homeopathic teachings. Another possibility would be to re-write it as an article about the Hahnemann Center for Heilkunst, if that institution can be shown to be notable -- although the article would still be obvious vanity (our term for an article authored by the subject or someone closely connected with the subject) and would attract some deletion votes on that ground. JamesMLane 01:19, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* Delete. Btw German Wiki redirects this word to Medicine. Pavel Vozenilek 01:27, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* Retain I have been studying material related to Homeopathy for over 12 years, and this article is one of the most lucid and acurate pieces of research that I have seen. The material is "unbiased" in the true sense of being actually based on the facts of what was written in the historical texts in question, and not on any current political or social bias.[JKorent]--<IP_ADDRESS> 01:05, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* '''retain this article and stop the fear of traditional and other medicines place on humankind --<IP_ADDRESS> 01:18, 17 May 2005 (UTC)mousie
* RETAIN It seems to me that Wikipedia was created for everyone to share knowledge. Heilkunst and homeopathy are both worth some reading, which I have done. And I hope to continue doing in this wonderful medium. To remove an article for the presented reasons seems to me a simplistic solution. Let it be and evolve as most other topics have grown in Wikipedia. Certainly none of the calls for deletion have impressed me exceprt with the lack of courtesy and information - and I hope it is not the criteria on which Wikipedia bases such decisions. I for one, find heilkunst fascinating and a vast theme worth examining in more detail and I hope to be able to do so on this forum.(Z.Alex) (The foregoing was from User:<IP_ADDRESS>.)
* Delete and watch for sockpuppets. All the keep votes above me are by users who have only edited the article in question, this vfD page, and Bioresonance. ESkog 03:38, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* Not quite -- Rudiverspoor has made numerous edits to Homeopathy, notably to insert this same "Heilkunst" material (as the lead section, no less) and to remove valid data about skeptics. His multiple reverts of Homeopathy have not, however, been accompanied by any posts to Talk:Homeopathy. JamesMLane 04:34, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* RETAIN. I have been studying and working with homeopathy for 10 years and after reading the article on Heilkunst have a better understanding of how Homeopathy fits into Hahnemann's greater system of healing. This gives me more alternatives to work with and as such is invaluable, it has increased my knowledge base, which after all is the function of an encyclopedia.--Thornton 09:57, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* Bold textRETAIN. There is so much more to Samual Hahnemann's complete medical system - Heilkunst - of which homeopathy is only one part of it. Embrace the complete genius of Hahnemann and take it to a place beyond that which it is being kept at by some homeopaths who resist the change! Therefore Heilkunst should stand on its own in order for it to be recognized for what it is - a complete medical system including homeopathy, not the other way around. Congrats to those who boldly go beyond where anyone else has gone. I vote for keeping the lines clear between Heilkunst and Homeopathy and retaining this page. Sherlock. (The foregoing was from User:<IP_ADDRESS>.)
* Delete and Kill the socks. Radiant_* 14:38, May 17, 2005 (UTC)
* Homeopathy and Heilkunst are not the same thing at all. There are only 2 things that I see that link them. The first being that they both claim Hahnemann as the father of their art. This is true. The second being that homeopathy uses remedies that are potentised and are chosen on the law of similars. This is true for heilkunst as well. That is where the similarities end. From what I understand, that is the extent of homeopathy, and heilkunst goes further into the lifestyle of the individual, as was detailed below. It seems to me that homeopathy and heilkunst can be compared to pharmacology and family medicine. One is a part of the other, but it is not the same. - S. Guttman (The foregoing was from User:<IP_ADDRESS>.)
* Delete for self-promotion, pov fork, sockpuppetry, (and for making me use so much jargon). CDC (talk) 18:30, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* Delete - This is just an attempt to write a POV article on homeopathy. A remarkable number of votes for retention coming from sockpuppets. Jooler 12:54, 18 May 2005 (UTC)
Comments
* An argument about mainstream medicine seems useless here. Mainstream changes constantly, so mainstream medicine is hardly mainstream. Homeopathy is a fact and it seems from what I understand that Heilkunst is also. I do not profess to be an expert, but the reasoning is sound based on my readings. -jowiley--Jowiley 00:14, 17 May 2005 (UTC)
* Mr. Lane has some amusing thoughts on homeopathy, which is part of the National Health Service in the United Kingdom, where there are homeopathic hospitals, where it is a fully recognized medical option for many countries in Europe, and in India. No form of homeopathy is accepted by mainstream medicine? Guess again. The first practitioners of homeopathy 200+ years ago were medically-trained physicians, and many MDs (and DOs, RNs, FNPs and PAs) STILL include homeopathic medicine in their practice. Check the membership directory of the National Center for Homeopathy in the US, for example (www.homeopathic.org). The first medical association in the US was homeopathic, then the AMA was formed (a few years later). The first medical association in Canada was homeopathic, then the CMA was formed. Please check your facts before you comment on things about which you obviously know nothing. --Homeowiki 23:55, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
* I have indeed been tireless (is that a fault?), but in correcting factual errors, removing attacks that have little room in such an article, which does keep the basic idea that homeopathy is not accepted by mainstream medicine - point noted, let's move on. Everything that I have written I can document, with sources and quotes. I referred people to the website where much of this is done, but I can do it in more detail if anyone wants. As for Heilkkunst being taught in only one place, that is indeed a true, if sad commentary, which shows that Hahnemann's legacy, which goes way beyond just homeopathy, has effectively been ignored, misunderstood or maligned by his supposed followers. At the start of any new issue, there will not be widespread acceptance. If homeopathy had just come on the scene today, I'm sure it would receive the same reception, such as that "homeoapthy is not an English word." Well, many of the words in the English language were not English at some point, but from Latin, Greek, German, French, etc.
The fact is that the "homeopathy page" is about homeopathy and Heilkunst is about Hahnemann's complete medical system, part of which is homeopathy. To claim that homeopathy encompasses Hahnemann's complete system and genius is patently false and demonstrably so. (Again, I would be happy to provide the evidence to any who cares to take the time to read). This is documented in the texts I have cited by Hahnemann for anyone to read, which few people do, I have found. Heilkunst is Hahnemann's term, as is "homeopathy" and is legitimate as a topic for an encylopedia. The issue should now be focussed on the content. There is much yet to add to Heilkunst and while much is already distinct from the homeopathy page (some overlap, yes), it will be very different. - Rudiverspoor
* This author has been tireless in attacking the Homeopathy article, to remove information (such as actual studies) that reflects badly on this quackery, and to re-insert his own idiosyncratic views. I might be amenable to having a separate article about "Heilkunst" if doing so would make it easier to preserve a genuine article on homeopathy. Of course, this separate article, if kept, would have to be suitably NPOV; it should state that no form of homeopathy is accepted by mainstream medicine, and that, even within homeopathy, "Heilkunst" is a small splinter practice (with an explanation of how it differs from other schools of homeopathic thought). JamesMLane 22:31, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
* This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page. | WIKI |
The curvature of the Arrhenius plots predicted by conventional canonical transition-state theory in the absence of tunneling
Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review
21 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
The reasons for the nonlinearity of the Arrhenius plots of gas-phase reactions are analyzed in detail within the frame of conventional canonical transition-state theory and in the absence of tunneling effects. The purpose is to show how the vibrational normal mode frequencies of reactants and the transition state determine the curvature of an Arrhenius plot. Conventional canonical transition-state theory without tunneling corrections predicts curved Arrhenius plots with an inflexion point that separates the concave (high-temperature range) and convex region (at low temperatures). The frequencies of the transitional modes at the transition-state structure determine the temperature at which an Arrhenius plot presents upward curvature.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)352-357
JournalTheoretical Chemistry Accounts
Volume110
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Dec 2003
Keywords
• Activation energy
• Arrhenius plots
• Multicoefficient correlation methods
• Transition-state theory
• Transitional modes
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'The curvature of the Arrhenius plots predicted by conventional canonical transition-state theory in the absence of tunneling'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Facing backlash, Rolling Stone writer posts second apology for 'hurtful' book
LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - A Rolling Stone writer who has come under fire for a 17-year-old book that critics say depicts his own mistreatment of women at a newspaper office made a second apology on Wednesday, saying he wrote “hurtful” things but did not sexually harass anyone. Matt Taibbi posted the lengthy repentance on his Facebook page hours after an event intended to promote his latest book was scrapped in Washington, D.C. without explanation. The furor over Taibbi’s early work comes as a string of accusations against film producer Harvey Weinstein have galvanized outrage over abuse of women that has been covered up or ignored. Weinstein has denied engaging in non-consensual sex with anyone. “I’ve done a lot of wrong things in my life. As a young man, I wrote and said some very dumb and hurtful things.” Taibbi, 47, said in the Facebook post. “I’m sorry for all of this.” “But it was never more than that. I know the list of revealed harassers is growing, but I am not on that list, nor should I be. I belong to a much bigger group. I was young once, and a jerk. And I am sorry for that,” he said. The journalist has faced outrage in recent days over the 2000 book “The Exile: Sex, Drugs and Libel in the New Russia,” which chronicles his time as the editor of an English-language newspaper in Russia. Critics say the book, co-written by Taibbi and another editor at the now-defunct paper, Mark Ames, contains passages seemingly detailing mistreatment, sexual harassment and even assaults on their female staff and other young women. Taibbi and Ames insist that the book is fiction, intended as a satire of American expatriates in Russia. That explanation has done little to mollify critics in the media and on Twitter who point out that “Exile” contains a note making clear that it is nonfiction. Taibbi in his latest Facebook message said the book’s publisher, Grove Press, had put out a statement calling the note incorrect because it contains “exaggerated, invented satire and nonfiction reporting.” “I continue to deny absolutely that I have ever sexually harassed anyone in any office, here or in Russia,” Taibbi said. “No woman anywhere has ever accused me of anything of the sort, and I am confident that my former co-workers will report (many already have) that I have never exhibited anything like that kind of behavior, at work or elsewhere.” Reporting by Dan Whitcomb; Editing by Shri Navaratnam | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
William Robbins (athlete)
William Corbett Robbins (August 9, 1885 – July 30, 1962) was an American athlete and a member of the Irish American Athletic Club. He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1908 he was involved in a controversial race in the final of the Men's 400 metres and was later part of a team which broke the world's record for the one mile relay.
1908 Summer Olympics
Robbins advanced to the finals in the 400 metres race at the 1908 Summer Olympics, winning his preliminary heat with a time of 50.4 seconds and his semifinal in 49.0 seconds. In the first running of the final race, Robbins finished in front. However, teammate John Carpenter was disqualified after being accused of obstructing British runner Wyndham Halswelle and the race was ordered to be repeated without Carpenter. Robbins and fellow American John Taylor refused to compete in the second final in protest of Carpenter's disqualification. Halswelle ran the race alone, and was presented with the Gold medal. This race is the only case of a walkover in Olympic history.
According to Robbins' 1910 trading card, he was "one of the best quarter-milers in the United States. He was... (a) Cornell University student, and first came to prominence by the part he played in the 400-meter race held at London in 1908. 'Yank,' as he (was) called by his team mates, ran the first 300 yards at such a clip that it 'pulled the great Halswell's cork,' the later finishing in third place. Robbins won the Metropolitan Amateur Athletic Union quarter-mile championship in September, 1909, and two weeks later captured the Canadian quarter-mile title, running the distance in the great time of 48 4/5 seconds."
1 Mile Relay World's Record
At the Amateur Athletic Union metropolitan championships held at Travers Island in 1909, Robbins was part of the Irish American Athletic Club's four-man relay team that broke the world's record for the one mile relay, with a time of 3 minutes 20 2/5 seconds. The other three men on the record breaking team were; C.S. Cassara, James Rosenberger and Melvin Sheppard. | WIKI |
User:Quadra/Royal Canadian Army Cadets
The Royal Canadian Army Cadets (RCAC) is a Canadian national youth program sponsored by the Canadian Forces and the civilian Army Cadet League of Canada. Administered by the Canadian Forces, the program is funded through the Department of National Defence with the civilian partner providing support in the local community. Many Army Cadet corps receive additional support from affiliated Regular or Reserve Army units.
Overview
Along with the Sea Cadets and Air Cadets, the RCAC forms part of the Canadian Cadet Organization. Though the RCAC, and the other cadet programs, have a close relationship with the CF, cadets are not members of the Forces, and are not expected to join the Canadian Forces. In keeping with Commonwealth custom, the Royal Canadian Army Cadets stand second in the order of precedence, after the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets, and before the Royal Canadian Air Cadets.
Young men and women between the ages of 12 and 18 may join the RCAC, free of charge. The organization and rank system of the Canadian Army is used, but cadets can only attain Non-Commissioned Officer status. Adult leadership is provided, ideally, by commissioned officers of the Canadian Forces Cadet Instructor Cadre, supplemented by contracted Civilian Instructors, authorized adult volunteers, and, on occasion, officers and non-commissioned members of other CF branches. Cadet Instructors Cadre(CIC), members are especially trained to deliver the Royal Canadian Sea, Army, and Air Cadet Program, and are drawn from all walks of life; however, if a generalization may be made, former cadets, former long-service Regular and Reserve CF members, and the parents of long-time cadets, are the primary sources for new CIC officers. Uniquely amongst the cadet organisations, RCAC units are often affiliated to a Reserve Force army unit.
Aim
The aim of Royal Canadian Army Cadets is to develop in youth the attributes of good citizenship and leadership; promote physical fitness; and stimulate the interest of youth in the sea, land, and air activities of the Canadian Forces. The RCSC shares these aims with the Army and Air Cadets; however, each focuses on its own parent element.
As part of their training, cadets may attend Cadet Summer Training Centres (CSTC) at Canadian Forces bases, as well as various other inter-corps opportunities. Progression in the winter training program is marked through star levels: green, red, silver, and gold, and eventually, after completion of the National Star Certification Exam, Master Cadet.
The winter training (star) program covers ten main study and application topics: drill, including drill with arms; fundamental training, covering various aspects of membership in the RCAC; bushcraft, map and compass; marksmanship, instructional techniques (Silver and Gold Star only); public speaking; leadership; citizenship; and physical fitness.
Early history
The Royal Canadian Army Cadets (RCAC) can trace its history to the creation of Drill Associations in 1861, pre-dating confederation by 6 years. Great Britain had also formed cadets in 1860. These associations were linked to local schools. The American Civil War and the threat of the Fenian Raids motivated their creation in Upper and Lower Canada. These early cadet units, called drill associations, mark the beginning of the Canadian Cadet Movement, one of the country's oldest youth programs.
Trinity College Volunteer Rifle Company was formed June 1, 1861 in Port Hope, Ontario. Bishop’s College Drill Association was formed in Lennoxville, Que on December 6, 1861. Another fourteen of the early cadet corps called "Drill Associations" or "Rifle Companies" stood up in Ontario and Quebec. Canada's oldest continually serving cadet corps is No. 2 Bishop's College School Cadet Corps in Lennoxville, Quebec, its roots firmly in the previous drill association.
These early "drill associations" accepted members ranging in age from 13 to 60. The distinction between high school cadets and the adult militia became clear in 1879, when authorization was given to form 74 "Association for Drill in Educational Institutions". Young men over 14 years of age where invited to participate and would not be employed in active service.
These associations included thirty-four in Ontario, twenty-four in Quebec, thirteen in the Maritime provinces, two in Manitoba, and one in British Columbia.
Increased support, motivated in part by the Northwest Campaign during the Riel Rebellion of 1885, allowed improved issue of uniforms, weapons and other equipment to schools providing military training.
By 1887, the name "cadet corps" was recognized as designating the associations providing the training to boys over the age of 12.
Officer cadre
On May 1, 1909 a cadre of commissioned officers, the Corps of School Cadet Instructor (militia), was established. Its members were trained and paid by the Department of Militia and Defence to conduct drill and physical training in participating schools. Formed primarily of school teachers, this officer cadre was disbanded in 1921 during a period of reorganization. It reappeared on 1 June 1924 as the Cadet Services of Canada; it was a component of the Canadian Army and the forerunner of the current Cadet Instructor Cadre. This arrangement between the Federal Government and local school boards contributed significantly to the development of physical education programs in Canadian schools.
Evolution
World wars Forty thousand former army cadets and several thousand former sea cadets served in His Majesty's forces during World War One. By the end of the war there were 64,000 boys enrolled in Army Cadet corps across Canada.
During the twenty years following World War One, cadet training came to a standstill. Many corps survived these hard times, but the Depression and the lack of public interest caused the cancellation of the uniform grant for Army Cadets in 1931 and the instructional grant for 12 and 13 year olds in 1934. In Alberta, only a couple of corps functioned beyond 1934. This was clearly some of the darkest days for cadet corps.
The beginning of World War Two brought a renewed public interest in cadet training. An astounding amount of cadet corps were formed in high schools across the country. During the war, the Royal Canadian Navy began its partnership with the Navy League in sponsoring Sea Cadets and their officers were taken on the payroll to the Royal Canadian Navy.
The Air Cadet League of Canada was formed in 1940, and raised its first squadrons in 1941. The first air cadet unit was #1601 Air Force Cadet Corps formed in Vancouver on April 13, 1939. It stands alone as being the only air cadet unit formed within the army cadet system, the corps was transferred to the new Air Cadet League in 1943. From the outset, the Air Cadet League enjoyed a partnership with the Royal Canadian Air Force, which enrolled Air Cadet instructors as commissioned officers. By the end of World War Two, they had raised 374 squadrons with an enrolment of 29,000 Air Cadets.
During and after World War Two, some few cadet corps paraded a female platoon or company. But these unofficial female cadets could never lawfully be trained, kitted, fed or transported and were not allowed to attend summer camp. Despite that, the girls proudly wore their uniform and trained as best as they could, primarily in school corps.
Post-war years
In recognition of the significant contribution of former cadets to the war effort, His Majesty King George VI granted the "Royal" suffix to the three cadet elements, creating the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets, the Royal Canadian Army Cadets, and the Royal Canadian Air Cadets. It is estimated that nearly 230,000 former sea, army and air cadets served in His Majesty's forces during World War Two.
After World War Two, quotas were imposed reducing Canada's total cadet population to about 75,000 members. Many of the closed corps, those with membership restricted to boys in one particular school, were disbanded; some of them became open corps, training in militia armouries or in Legion halls; others, like many corps sponsored by the Navy League, acquired their own buildings.
The Korean War stimulated growth among open corps in the early 1950s. Many school corps moved to armouries and drill halls. After 1954, Korea veterans staffed the Area Cadet Offices that began to manage these corps and the summer camps that trained them.
Unification of the Canadian Forces
Following the unification of the Canadian Forces in 1968, a number of changes occurred in the Cadet world:
* A directorate of cadets was established in Ottawa to set policy and co-ordinate the activities of the Sea, Army and Air cadets, while Sea and Air Cadets came more fully under the control of the Canadian Forces, in order to standardize the three Cadet organizations;
* The Army Cadet League of Canada was formed in 1971 in order to give the Army cadets a civilian voice comparable to that of the Navy League and the Air Cadet League;
* Sea Cadet officers became commissioned members of the Canadian Forces. Before this date, they were created by means of a warrant from the Navy League of Canada; and
* The Cadet Services of Canada was superseded by the Cadet Instructor List, which was later re designated the Cadet Instructor Cadre.
Early Sea Cadets
The Navy League of Canada was founded in 1895 in order to support the lobby to create the Canadian Navy. Beginning in 1902, the League sponsored Canada's first Boys and Girls' Naval Brigades. The first official Sea Cadet Corps was #859 Winnipeg Boys Naval Brigade Cadet Corps formed in November 19, 1920 in Winnipeg. In 1942 all the remaining Sea Cadet Corps were transferred to Navy League and renumbered accordingly.
Women
Girls have participated unofficially in cadet training almost from the beginning. Shortly after the Highland Cadet Corps was formed at the Guelph Grammar School in 1882, a female cadet company called the Daughters of the Regiment was also started.
On the 30 July 1975, Parliament amended the relevant legislation by changing the word boys to persons, therefore permitting girls to become members of the Royal Canadian Sea, Army, and Air Cadets. At long last, girls could finally take all the training the boys had received for so many years. The biggest change was at the camp level. What had been for so many decades an exclusively male environment changed dramatically at Vernon, Ipperwash, Valcartier, Argonaut and Banff.
Today
2004 - 125th Anniversary 2004 marked the 125th anniversary of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets. The Army Cadet League of Canada issued a 125th Anniversary pin to be worn by all 25,000+ army cadets across the country. Canada Post honoured the cadets with a stamp, unveiled in Ottawa in March 2004. Many parades honouring the century and a quarter of cadets occurred across Canada, there were Freedom of the City parades in Vernon, Oromocto and Calgary as well as other locations. The original Royal Banner was laid up in Vernon during the final battalion parade on August 19 at the ACSTC, and the new Royal Banner was paraded in front of 1500 cadets and 2000 members of the audience.
Strathcona Trust
In 1910, Sir Donald Alexander Smith —Lord Strathcona— the Canadian High Commissioner to Britain, deposited in trust with the Dominion Government the sum of $500,000, bearing annual interest of 4%, to develop citizenship and patriotism in cadets through physical training, rifle shooting, and military drill. He is remembered today with the Lord Strathcona Medal.
Corps
Individual cadets belong to units called Royal Canadian Army Cadet Corps (RCACC), which are the basic operating units of the program. Each corps is composed of Canadian Forces Officers of the Reserve Cadet Instructors Cadre, often assisted by Civilian Instructors (CI), and cadets.
The entirety of a given corps organizes itself after the manner of an Army company. Under this system, cadets become members of a platoon under a cadet sergeant or warrant and, ideally, a commissioned officer of the CIC (Platoon Officer), although the officer position is sometimes filled by a civilian. Cadets parade by their platoons, and are expected to route grievances and requests through the chain of command, running either directly from their sergeant, to their officer, to the Executive Officer (XO) to the Commanding Officer (CO) or from their sergeant to the second-senior cadet in the unit, to the cadet Regimental Sergeant-Major (RSM, the senior cadet in a unit). The chain stops at the level able to deal with a concern - for example, a cadet's request for a new item of uniform might result in their officer giving approval, and directing the cadet to visit Stores.
All but the smallest corps staff several departments, typically including Training, Administration, and Supply, while larger units maintain training-support organisations, including Range, and PERI (Physical Education and Recreational Instruction).
Training, Administration, Supply, and Range operate under the direction of a CIC officer, possibly with an adult assistant, and a senior cadet, while PERI is commonly run by a senior cadet. Units generally adhere to the school schedule, meeting weekly for mandatory training, and carrying out additional training on weekends and other weeknights. The primary meeting is referred to as a parade night, while anything taking the unit away from its home is generally termed an exercise.
Primary Departments
* The Training Department is composed of the Training Officer (TrgO), Training Warrant or Sergeant(TrgWO/Sgt), and a staff of senior cadets and adult staff, often with other duties within the unit, serving as instructors for the Star Training Program - the basic Army Cadet syllabus. The TrgWO/Sgt is often responsible for maintaining each cadet's training record, as well as handling resources and rating instructors.
* The Administration Department is composed of the Administration Officer (AdmO) and Administration Warrant or Sergeant (AdmWO/Sgt). Administration handles all incoming and outgoing mail, as well as maintaining corps records other than those specifically handled by Training or Supply.
* The Supply (or Stores) Department is composed of a Supply (or Stores) Officer, sometimes assisted by a senior cadet. The Supply Department is responsible for all equipment belonging to the corps; however, Supply tends to be primarily concerned with issuing cadets uniforms and related gear - bands often deal with their own gear, as do competitive teams.
Other Groups
* Range Team: Most units will have at least one trained Range Safety Officer (RSO) and conduct, as part of the mandatory training programme, training in safe and effective marksmanship using either the Daisy Air Rifle, which is not rated as a firearm, and thus may be used in almost any location of sufficient size, or, with the proper indoor or outdoor firing range, the .22 calibre Lee Enfield or Anschütz bolt action target rifles. A number of corps field range teams, competing in cadet tri-service matches at the area, regional, and national level, while others simply offer a well-supervised recreational shooting program.
* The .22 rifles are, today, usually held by corps fielding a biathlon team. The Lee-Enfields are, except for the barrel, virtually indistinguishable from those used by Commonwealth forces in WWII and Korea, while the Anschutz are purpose-made target rifles. Recently, concern over lead levels resulted in the closure of indoor small-arms ranges used by cadets, causing many units to search for appropriately certified and willing civilian outdoor ranges. Firearms safety is given the highest priority throughout this training.
* Biathlon: An increasing number of RCAC Corps have formed biathlon teams, adding a new aspect to the long-standing marksmanship programs, and encouraging a high degree of athleticism and physical fitness. Alongside those other benefits, it offers an alternate focus for land-locked units unable to offer a local sailing program. Ideally, cadets train and compete with Anschutz .22 target rifles; however, due to a lack of suitable ranges, some corps train with air rifles in accordance with Olympic marksmanship standards.
* Band: Most units larger than thirty people will try to support some sort of musical ensemble, whether drum and bugle, drum and bell (glockenspiel), a military band, or just a drum line. A very few corps have a piper or two, while an even smaller group maintain pipe bands - these last are typically affiliated with a Highland regiment.
* Canteen: Typically operated as a sort of joint venture between individual corps and their sponsoring groups, the Canteen typically sells pop, chips, and the like at breaks in training. Some also offer cadets various necessities such as thread, and boot polish. More ambitious corps' canteens offer unit clothing, typically sweatshirts, T-shirts, belt buckles and the like, suitably emblazoned with unit insignia, mottos, and the like.
Sponsoring Group
Each corps generally relies on some community group to provide funding for items not covered by DND. Typically, this will be an Army Cadet League branch - essentially a parent committee - but may be a Royal Canadian Legion branch, or some similar service club; i.e. Lions, Rotary, etc. ACL branches generally rely on community support, in the form of direct donations of money and goods, trusts, and various forms of fund-raising efforts. These last include sale of various items, much like bake and chocolate bar sales, street-corner pin and tag sales by cadets, and funds raised through the attached cadet unit's own canteen.
Items funded by the sponsoring group include:
* Accommodations for parade nights; local schools and community centres are often used; however, many units are able to use their affiliated unit's armouries. A very few corps have their own building.
* Transportation: some units, especially rural ones, provide a pickup service for some or all activities, using their own bus. Transportation for larger events is often provided by DND or by using chartered coach buses.
* Optional Training, which includes everything not funded by DND, such as additional sail training, extra weekends, and the like.
* Liability and other insurance.
Winter training program
RCAC winter training covers the following subjects:
* PO 401 -- Drill
* PO 402 -- Fundamental Training
* PO 403 -- Bushcraft
* PO 405 -- Map and Compass
* PO 406 -- Marksmanship
* PO 409 -- Instructional Techniques (Silver and Gold Star only)
* PO 410 -- Public Speaking
* PO 411 -- Leadership
* PO 412 -- Citizenship
* PO 413 -- Physical Fitness
Rank structure
In accordance with Cadet Administrative and Training Orders (CATO) 40-03 and 46-01 Annex D the following are the rank badges of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets.
In addition to the rank-specific criteria given below, all appointments are subject to the approval of the cadet's Commanding Officer, who generally promotes based on the advice of Platoon Officers and unit training staff.
As a note, the official phrasing for those ranks not intrinsically containing "Cadet" uses the word as a preface, thus, Cadet Corporal. However, outside of Cadet Administrative and Training Orders (CATO), and not even all of those, and Queen's Regulations and Orders (Cadets) (QR&O(Cdt)), custom omits "Cadet" in casual reference. Thus, Corporal is the customary rendering. Generally, where there is a need to distinguish between cadets and Canadian Forces members, ranks will be written or spoken as Cadet Corporal and abbreviated as C/Cpl. Additionally, while it is customary within the organization to refer to a cadet receiving a rank as being "promoted," the official documentation refers to such an act as an "appointment."
In keeping with Commonwealth military tradition, certain rank titles may vary depending on the kind of unit a corps is affiliated with - for example, an artillery unit.
Forms of address
* Junior Cadets are typically addressed by their last name by all ranks; however, a superior might address them as simply "Cadet," "Recruit," or "Private," especially in situations where names aren't known, as at multi-unit events.
* Warrants, Sergeants and both grades of corporal are typically addressed by their juniors as "(Rank) So-and-So," or, conversationally, as "(Rank)." Superiors and equals will often use last name only.
* Master and Chief Warrant Officers are addressed by their juniors as "Sir" or "Ma'am." Superiors and equals might use some suitable contraction of the rank - "Warrant," "Master Warrant," or possible substitute "Mr." or "Miss" for the rank. Superiors and equals will rarely use last name only.
* Additionally, cadets often hold an appointment in addition to their rank, and many of these are used as an alternate form of address.
* In formal situations; for example, being called up for an award or promotion; a cadet's full rank is generally used.
Rank quotas and appointments
The availability of ranks and appointments is determined by the number of cadets in the corps. In certain Corps, cadets may also attain Cadet Officer ranks, even though they were removed from the standard Cadet rank structure several years ago. These ranks were represented by plain slip-ons with thin stripes designating the rank; the last officially-mandated versions used one stripe for cadet lieutenant, two for captain, three for major, and four for colonel or lieutenant-colonel. Today, however, only the St. Andrew's College Cadet Corps, a closed unit, uses the old cadet-officer ranks. Notes:
* 1) A cadet corps with a quota of 0-29 is authorized one Cadet Master Warrant Officer or one Cadet Chief Warrant Officer.
* 2) There is no minimum or maximum number of the following ranks: Cadet Sergeant, Cadet Master Corporal, Cadet Corporal, and Cadet Private.
* 3) For a cadet corps with a quota of 150 +, regions are to contact D Cdts 4-4.
Different appointments can also be held throughout the ranks:
* Section 2I/C
* Section Commander
* Platoon or Troop 2I/C
* Platoon or Troop Commander
* Squadron (SSM), Battery (BSM) or Company Sergeant Major (CSM)
* Company Quarter Master Sergeant
* Training NCO
* Sports NCO
* Range NCO
* Drum Major
* Pipe Major
* Drill Sergeant Major (DSM)
* Regimental Sergeant Major (RSM)
Summer Training
Throughout the summer, the opportunity to delve further into the Army Cadet program allows teenagers to fully develop the skills they learned throughout the regular training year, at their Local Headquarters. Camps range from 2 weeks to 6 weeks, and should they later gain enough experience, they may go on to become staff cadets, which would take them into 7 weeks of the summer.
The camps range as follows:
* Cadet -- Basic (2 Weeks)
* Cadet -- Basic Marksman (3 Weeks)
* Cadet -- Basic Military Band (3 Weeks)
* Cadet -- Basic Pipes and Drums (P&D) (3 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader (CL) (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader (CL) -- Marksman (6 Weeks) (Connaught CSTC Only)
* Cadet Leader (CL) -- Military Band (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader (CL) -- Pipes and Drums (P&D) (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader Instructor (CLI) -- Adventure (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader Instructor (CLI) -- Drill and Ceremonial (D&C) (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader Instructor (CLI) -- Marksman (7 Weeks) (Connaught CSTC Only)
* Cadet Leader Instructor (CLI) -- Military Band (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader Instructor (CLI) -- Pipes and Drums (P&D) (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader Instructor (CLI) -- Physical Education and Recreational Training (PE+RT) (6 Weeks)
* Cadet Leader Instructor (CLI) -- Rifle Coach (6 Weeks)
Once a cadet has completed a Cadet Leader Instructor course he or she may work at a summer training centre (CSTC) as a staff cadet or attend an advanced training course or exchange, such as:
* Advanced Military Band
* Advanced Pipes and Drums
* Army Cadet Leadership & Challenge
* Federal Republic of Germany Exchange
* Outward Bound: Wales/Scotland
* The Basic Parachutist Course
* Maple Leaf Exchange
* National Rifle Team (Bisley)
* Other various exchanges under the ACE (Army Cadet Exchange) Program
The Pioneer Course offered at Vernon ACSTC in the summers of 2004, 2005, and 2006 was discontinued for the 2007 training year.
Officers
See also CIC Roles and duties
Officer positions in the cadet program are filled by members of the Canadian Forces Reserve sub-component Cadet Instructors Cadre (CIC) and, occasionally, other members of the Canadian Forces. Typical duties include:
* Commanding Officer (CO)
* Deputy Commanding Officer (DCO)
* Training Officer (TrgO)
* Supply (SupO)
* Administration (AdminO)
* Standards Officer (StdsO)
* Troop/Platoon Commander (Pl Comm)
* Unit Human Rights Advisor (UHRA)
There are also various other positions that officers can hold either at the area, regional or at the national level, as well as specialist instructor and support roles at both the corps and summer training facility level.
Army Cadet Corps are identified by a one to four digit number and their affiliated unit. Numbers are assigned by the Director of Cadets. Generally the lower the number, the older the cadet corps.
Categories
* Category:Military of Canada
* Category:Army Cadet Organisations
* Category:Canadian Cadet Organizations
* Category:Youth organizations based in Canada | WIKI |
CCTV-Drain-Mapping-Blog-Image
Managing and maintaining a drainage system is a complex task that requires constant monitoring and attention.
The use of advanced technology, such as CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys, has significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of these tasks.
In this guide, we will delve into the basics of these technologies, their advantages, and how they are implemented in practical situations.
Read on to understand how CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys are revolutionizing the management and maintenance of drainage systems.
The Importance of Drainage Systems
A drainage system is an essential component of any infrastructure project. It ensures that excess water is safely transported away from properties, preventing waterlogging, flooding, and other related issues. However, managing and maintaining a drainage system is no easy feat.
It requires regular inspections and assessments to ensure that the system is functioning efficiently and is free from blockages, leaks, and other problems.
Technological advances in drainage system management have made it possible to conduct thorough inspections and assessments with minimal disruption to the environment. One such advancement is the use of CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys.
What is CCTV Drainage Mapping and Drain Map Survey?
CCTV drainage mapping is a process that uses closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras to inspect and record the status of a drainage system.
These cameras are inserted into the drainage network and can travel through pipes and other structures to capture images and videos of the system’s interior.
This information is then analyzed to identify any issues or potential problems within the drainage system.
On the other hand, a drain map survey is the process of creating a comprehensive and detailed map of the drainage system using the information gathered from the CCTV inspection.
This map can provide a clear and accurate representation of the drainage network, highlighting any blockages, defects, or other concerns that may require attention.
Advantages of CCTV Drainage Mapping and Drain Map Survey
There are numerous benefits of using CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys for managing and maintaining a drainage system.
Here are some of the biggest advantages of this service:
1. Accuracy and efficiency: With CCTV cameras capturing high-quality images and videos of the drainage system’s interior, it becomes easier to identify and assess any issues or potential problems. This method provides a more accurate and efficient way to inspect and maintain the drainage network compared to traditional methods.
2. Non-invasive: One of the greatest advantages of using CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys is that they are non-invasive. There is no need to excavate or cause any disruption to the surrounding environment, making the process quicker, cheaper, and less disruptive.
3. Comprehensive information: A drain map survey provides detailed information about the entire drainage network, including the location and condition of pipes and other structures. This information can be crucial for effectively managing and maintaining the system and can be an invaluable tool for planning future improvements or expansions.
AdvantagesCCTV Drainage MappingDrain Map Survey
Accuracy
Efficiency
Non-invasive
Comprehensive information
What to Look for in a CCTV Drainage Mapping and Drain Map Survey
Quality of CCTV Inspection
When conducting a CCTV drainage mapping project, it is crucial to ensure that the CCTV camera being used is capable of capturing high-quality images and videos. The resolution and clarity of the visual data gathered will directly impact the accuracy and effectiveness of the subsequent drain map survey.
Expertise of the Survey Team
The team conducting the drain map survey should have extensive experience and knowledge in drainage system management and maintenance. They should be able to analyze the information gathered from the CCTV inspection and create a detailed and accurate map of the drainage network.
Comprehensive Drain Map Survey
A thorough drain map survey should provide information on the location, size, shape, and condition of all pipes and structures within the drainage network. It should also identify any blockages, defects, or other issues that may require attention.
When to Use CCTV Drainage Mapping and Drain Map Survey
CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys can be used in a variety of situations to manage and maintain drainage systems effectively.
Here are some of the common situations in which you would use mapping services:
1. Routine maintenance: Regular inspections using CCTV drainage mapping can help identify any issues or potential problems within the drainage system before they become major concerns. This can help ensure the efficient functioning of the system and reduce the risk of costly and disruptive pipe repairs.
2. Before and after construction projects: It is essential to assess the condition of a drainage system before and after any construction projects, such as building expansions or infrastructure improvements. CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys can provide valuable information about the impact of the construction work on the drainage network and help identify any potential issues that may need to be addressed.
3. Environmental assessments: In some cases, drainage systems may be subject to environmental assessments, such as those required by planning authorities or regulatory agencies. CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys can provide the necessary information to demonstrate compliance with environmental regulations and identify any areas of concern.
Implementing CCTV Drainage Mapping and Drain Map Survey
Here are some crucial steps to ensure a successful CCTV drainage mapping and drain map survey project:
1. Selecting the right equipment: Using high-quality CCTV cameras and software is essential for capturing clear and accurate images and videos of the drainage system’s interior. The chosen equipment should be suited to the specific requirements of the project, taking into account factors such as pipe size, accessibility, and environmental conditions.
2. Training and expertise: The team conducting the CCTV inspection and drain map survey should have sufficient training and experience in drainage system management and maintenance. This is crucial for ensuring that the gathered information is accurately analyzed and that the resulting drain map is a true representation of the drainage network.
3. Regular updating: Drainage systems are subject to change over time, and it is essential to keep the drain map up to date to reflect these changes. Regularly updating the map can help ensure that it remains a valuable tool for managing and maintaining the system effectively.
Why Should You Use CCTV Drainage Mapping?
CCTV drainage mapping and drain map surveys are powerful tools for managing and maintaining a drainage system.
By providing accurate and comprehensive information about the condition and layout of the drainage network, these technologies can help identify issues, plan improvements, and ensure the efficient operation of the system.
By understanding the basics of these technologies and implementing them effectively, drainage system managers can ensure the long-term health and performance of their networks while minimizing disruption and environmental impact.
Don’t Leave it To Chance!
Book Our Drain Mapping Service Today
Make sure you avoid disruption, damage, and delays to your building project. Get a free fixed-price quotation. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
How to add an attribute from an account to the provisioningPlan
Hi guys,
We are trying to add an attribute that is in the account schema to add an access profile, however this attribute is not shown in the plan, is it possible to add an account attribute that comes in the aggregation of this source in the plan to add a new access?
For example, attributeA and attributeB both come in the aggregation of the account we are talking about, but only attributeA appears in the plan for adding a profile, attributeB does not appear.
My question is how can I add this attribute to the plan?
This is the body we are sending when adding accesses:
{
“login”:“$plan.nativeIdentity$#fonte”,
“permissoes”:[
{
“codigo”:“$plan.menu_permissoes$”,
“funcionalidades”:[
{
“acao”:[
“incluir”,
“alterar”,
“pesquisar”,
“excluir”,
“bloquear”,
“aprovar”
],
“codigo”:“$plan.menu_funcionalidades$”
}
]
}
]
}
This variable “$plan.menu_functionalidades$” brings the value, however this variable “$plan.menu_permissoes$” is removed because it is empty, but we have both attributes in the account, and we only get one value, but to add the profile it is essential May we have both.
Can anyone help me how to build a rule to get this value?
Thank you very much in advance for your help.
I believe the easiest way would be to build before provisioning rule and add this attribute into the provisioning plan from that place.
1 Like
Kamil, thanks for this,
Could you send me a example, how can I do this, in the source of the accounts? Because I did this using attributes of the Identity, but using accounts attibutes I didnt.
Thanks for your help.
Hi,
You have 3 options, as far as I know.
1. Create a Before Provisioning Cloud rule to include it there
2. Create a Before Operation Connector rule, and make an API call to get the account from ISC - search this forum for “X-IDNUrl” and you will find some code for it.
3. In the provisioning plan, you can create an attribute called “attributeB2” and set the value to be attributeB, this way you will have it.
POST {{api_url}}/beta/sources/<source>/provisioning-policies
{
"name": "MY_WS_UPDATE_PP",
"description": null,
"usageType": "UPDATE",
"fields": [
{
"name": "attributeB2",
"transform": {
"type": "accountAttribute",
"attributes": {
"attributeName": "attributeB",
"sourceName": "My Web Service"
}
},
"attributes": {},
"isRequired": true,
"type": "string",
"isMultiValued": false
}
Reinaldo , tudo bem ?
você pode usar a Before provisioning da propria Sailpoint pra isso
Abaixo segue a documentação dela :
Services Standard BeforeProvisioning.pdf (68,4,KB)
Não precisa criar uma regra so pra isso, se quiser me chamar no chat eu consigo te auxiliar tbm.
best
Hi Jason,
Thanks a lot for your help, gave me a different vision about webservice integrations. Now we can see the value of the attibute, therefore we can not to take this value, we have used “$plan.attributeB2$”, but this value is empaty. We have a different for to get this value?
thanks | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Lykourgos Angelopoulos
Removed clean tags
This article is a horrible example of a copy and paste of an artist's commercial biography. I added some biographical information, cleaned the article by removing the external links in the end notes. It offers now some information, but it is still a stub which needs to be improved. —Platonykiss (talk) 17:38, 3 February 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
KULL v. LOSCH.
1. Divorce—Property Settlement—Contracts.
Ordinarily a property settlement made between spouses in connection with a pending or contemplated divorce suit involves mutual promises and undertakings.
2. Contracts—Property Settlement-5-Consideration.
The promise of the wife in property settlement agreement, incident to pending suit for divorce, to accept certain conveyances and iiayments of money in full satisfaction of her claims and her undertaking to leave the real estate and certain specified corporate stock to the husband, if he survived her and if she had not disposed of such property during her lifetime, was not a gratuity and cannot be said to be without consideration.
References for Points in Headnotes
[1, 2] 17 Am Jur, Divorce and Separation, § 731.
[3] 17 Am Jur, Divorce and Separation, § 726.
[á-17] 17 Am Jur, Divorce and Separation, § 723 et seq.
[4-17] Validity of separation agreement as affected by fraud, coercion, unfairness, or mistake. 5 ALR 823.
[17] Provision for post-mortem payment or performance as affecting validity of separation agreement. 1 ALR2d 1264.
3. Same—Separation of Husband and Wipe—Public Policy.
A contract made while spouses are living together, to effectuate a future separation, is void as against public policy.
4. Same—Property Settlement After Separation of Husband and Wife—Public Policy.
A contract made after the separation of spouses for the purpose of effecting a property settlement is not invalid as against publie policy.
5. Divorce—Property Settlement—Collusion.
A property settlement agreement, made in connection with a collusive plan or scheme to obtain a decree of divorce, is open to objection and is sufficient to justify denial of a decree.
6. Same—Collusion—Question of Pact.
Whether or not there is collusion involved in obtaining a decree of divorce is generally a question of fact to be determined on the basis of the proofs.
7. Same—Property Settlement—Contracts—ColluSion—Presumption—Evidence.
There is no presumption that a contract for the settlement of property rights, made in contemplation of a possible divorce, is necessarily collusive; hence the fact that the agreement is collusive must be established by proof and the court will look to all the facts and circumstances to determine whether the contract has that effect.
8. Same—Statute's—Collusion.
The parties to the marriage relation cannot of their own volition dissolve the matrimonial contract as the relation and its dissolution are matters of publie concern as well; hence, dissolution may be effected only for reasons set out in the statute and after full disclosure in court of all the facts on both sides.
9. Same—Collusion—Conspiracy Against Justice.
A collusive suit for divorce whereby the parties agree to cheat the court by falsifying or concealing the facts is deemed a conspiracy against justice.
10. Same—Collusion—Evidence—ISTonresistance.
A defendant in a suit for divorce is not bound to make a defense and no inference of collusion should be drawn from the mere fact of nonresistance, though such fact may be regarded as an important element in circumstantial evidence from which an inference of collusion would be permissible.
11. Same—Property Settlement—ISTonresistance-—Collusion.
A compromise and settlement of pecuniary and property issues in a suit for divorce is not against public policy but a bargain that there shall be no defense is collusion and any promise founded on such understanding cannot be enforced.
12. Contracts—Fraud—Duress—Evidence.
Evidence failed to justify an inference that wife was the victim of fraud or duress in the making of contract for settlement of property rights in the then-pending suit for divorce, which contract is now sought to be specifically enforced against her estate.
13. Divorce—Property Settlement—Contracts—Collusion.
While a reward paid to a spouse to induce him or her to obtain a decree of divorce, to suppress the true faets, or to permit the obtaining of a decree on false or perjured testimony or fictitious grounds, violates recognized rules of public policy, a contract in settlement of property interests is not presumptively objectionable unless it is intended to induce obtaining a decree of divorce improperly, is collusive in the obnoxious ■ sense, obtained by fraud or duress, or is inequitable.
14. Contracts—Property Settlement—Conditions.
A contract between parties to a pending suit for divorce relating to alimony or adjustment of property rights is not invalid because its effectiveness is made dependent upon a decree of divorce being granted, where it is made after separation, in good faith, without undue influence or imposition by one party on the other and is fair and equitable.
15. DiyoROE—Property Settlement—Attempt to Obtain Unjustified Divorce.
Property settlement agreements between parties to pending suit for divorce are valid even though made in contemplation of divorce, their validity being dependent upon whether there was an attempt to obtain a divorce not justified by the real faets.
16. Same—Property Settlement—Contracts—^resumptions.
Persons entering into a contract relative to property settlement incident to pending suit for divorce are presumed to have acted lawfully in making such contract.
17. Specific Performance—Contract as to Property Settlement Incident to Suit for Divorce.
Contract whereby husband agreed to convey certain real estate, corporate stock, home and household furnishings, other personal property to wife and pay her a stated sum 'monthly upon the granting of a decree of divorce, which further stipulated that if the wife did not dispose of the real estate and corporate stock during her lifetime she would by will devise and bequeath the same to the husband, if he survived her, was specifically enforceable against the administrator of her estate and her heirs at law where husband had fulfilled his part of the agreement, decree of divorce was granted wife on her cross bill and she died without having disposed of the real estate and stock.
Appeal from Saginaw; O’Neill (James E.), J.
Submitted June 14, 1950.
(Docket No. 18, Calendar No. 44,772.)
Decided October 2, 1950.
■ Bill by Walter A. Kull against Jolin Losch and others for specific performance of a contract, to impress a trust upon property and for appointment of receiver and other relief. Decree for defendants. Plaintiff appeals.
Reversed.
Crane & Crane & Kessel and Curry & Curry, for plaintiff.
William C. O'Keefe, for Walter Losch and others.
Otto & Otto, for John Losch and others.'
Carr, J.
The plaintiff in this case and Emma Edna Kull were married in June, 1912. Thereafter they lived together in the marital relation until the month of June, 1939, when they separated. There were no children of the marriage. Approximately a year after the separation, plaintiff filed suit for divorce in the circuit court of Saginaw county, and the wife entered her appearance in the cause.
On the 13th of March, 1941, the parties entered into a written agreement with reference to a settlement of their property interests in the event that a decree of divorce was granted to either. The instrument executed by the parties recited the pendency of the divorce action, and the intention of Mrs. Kull to file an answer and cross hill in the proceeding. It set forth that upon the granting of the decree plaintiff would convey to her certain real estate, the home of the parties prior to their separation, and assign to her certificates representing 400 shares of the common stock of the General Motors Corporation. The agreement also provided for Mrs. Kull receiving the household furniture and other personal property, and for the payment to her, to and including the 1st of June, 1941, of the sum of $100 per month, and $25 per month thereafter during her lifetime, such payments to cease if Mrs. Kull remarried. It was further stipulated that if Mrs. Kull did not dispose of the real estate and corporate stock during her lifetime she would by will devise and bequeath the same to plaintiff, if he survived her. It is the claim of the plaintiff that the execution of the agreement followed an extended period of negotiation between the parties, in the course of which each was represented by an able and experienced attorney. It appears that the attorneys witnessed the execution of the instrument.
Following a hearing on the cross bill filed by Mrs. Kull she was granted a decree of divorce on the ground therein alleged, extreme cruelty. On the hearing Mrs. Kull testified with reference to the agreement that she had made with plaintiff for the adjustment of property interests, indicating that she understood its provisions, and the obligations in terms imposed on her thereby. She also expressed her satisfaction with the arrangement that had been made, and her willingness to act accordingly. In the decree the court expressly approved the agreement, finding it to be “just and equitable.” The provisions of the agreement were incorporated at length in the decree, including the promise by Mrs. Kull that, if she did not dispose of the real estate and the General Motors stock during her lifetime, she would by will devise and bequeath such property to the plaintiff, if he survived her.
The transfers contemplated by the agreement and the decree were made by plaintiff. The deed of the real estate was executed and delivered, and the certificates of stock in the General Motors Corporation were assigned. Said certificates were thereafter transferred to the name of Mrs. Kull and she continued to own them, as well as the real estate referred to, until the time of her death in March, 1945. Some testimony was offered in plaintiff’s behalf on the hearing of the present case indicating that, following the granting of the decree of divorce, Mrs. Kull intended to make a will in accordance with her agreement. It does not appear, however, that she did so. The defendant Waldo Losch is the administrator of the estate, and the other defendants are the heirs at law of the decedent.
In his bill of complaint plaintiff asked specific performance of the property agreement with reference to the real estate and corporate stock referred to, and that defendants be decreed to hold such property in trust for his use and benefit. Plaintiff also sought ancillary relief by way of an injunction and the appointment of a receiver. Defendants by answer and motion to dismiss alleged that the agreement on which plaintiff based his right to relief was illegal and void because repugnant to public policy, that the purpose thereof was to facilitate the granting of a decree of divorce to the end that plaintiff might marry another woman, that the agreement had for its object the concealment of the true cause for divorce, that the cross hill on which the decree was granted did not set forth therein statutory grounds for a decree dissolving the marital relation, and that the execution of the instrument in question was part of a “collusive agreement to obtain a divorce.” Defendants further alleged in their pleadings that the purported contract was void for the reason that it was conditioned on the granting of a divorce decree.
Following a hearing in the circuit court the trial judge came to the conclusion that the promise of Mrs. Kull that plaintiff should have the real estate and stock in question on her death, if he survived her, and if she had not in the meantime disposed of the property, was a gratuity, and as such not enforceable against the defendants. He further expressed the opinion that the agreement in question was contrary to public policy. The opinion filed did not, however, contain any specific finding that the contract was collusive, or inequitable, or that Mrs. Kull was induced to execute it because of fraud or duress. A decree was entered, in accordance with the opinion of the trial judge, dismissing the hill of complaint, and plaintiff has appealed.
Counsel for defendants suggest in argument that the provision of the decree, incorporated therein in accordance with the property settlement, in terms requiring Mrs. Kull to make a will, was without force and effect. Attention is called to Mertens v. Mertens, 314 Mich 651, in which such a provision, based on the consent of plaintiff Mertens in open court, was inserted in a decree of divorce. It was held that the objection to such provision, made on appeal from the decree, was well founded. However, attention was called to the fact that there was no contract between the parties with reference to the making of a will. In the case at bar the question at issue is the validity of the contract which plaintiff seeks to have enforced. That such is the issue was expressly recognizéd by counsel for defendants on the hearing in circuit court.
We are not in accord with the opinion of the trial judge that the undertaking on the part of Mrs. Kull with reference to the real estate and the corporate stock was a mere gratuity. Ordinarily a property settlement made between spouses in connection with a pending or contemplated divorce suit involves mutual promises and undertakings. The agreement in the instant case is no exception in this respect. Plaintiff agreed to make certain conveyances and payments of money. Mrs. Kull undertook to bind herself to accept such property and payments in full satisfaction of her claims, and further undertook by way of consideration for the plaintiff’s promises, to leave the home and the General Motors stock to plaintiff, if he survived her, and if she had not disposed of such property during her lifetime. Considering the contract in its entirety, it cannot be said that the promise of Mrs. Kull was without consideration.
The supreme court of Missouri in Crenshaw v. Crenshaw, 276 Mo 471 (208 SW 249), discussed at some length the mattér of consideration in a property settlement between spouses. There the parties to a pending divorce case entered into an agreement with reference to property interests. In accordance therewith the defendant husband undertook to pay the plaintiff the sum of $1,500 and to withdraw an answer filed by him in the divorce case. The plaintiff promised on her part that she would execute a deed releasing her dower in land owned by the defendant. A decree was granted to plaintiff, and immediately thereafter the deed in question was executed and delivered. Following the death of the husband, plaintiff filed a petition in court for the assignment to her of dower in the lands of her former husband. It was her claim that the execution of the deed was wholly without consideration. In rejecting such contention, it was said in part:
“The question of alimony was an open one, which required proof in reference thereto, and which was dependent upon the exercise of a sound judicial discretion by the trial court in allowing same. With the answer on file she would have been put to her proof, not only as to the merits of the controversy, but likewise in respect to the alimony claimed. In other words, she was confronted with a lawsuit, and through the foregoing settlement was relieved from a contest as to the merits as well as concerning the question of alimony. The defendant in the divorce .case, pursuant to said settlement, withdrew his answer, and paid the $1,500 agreed upon. Pursuant to the same settlement, the plaintiff executed the quitclaim deed releasing to said defendant her inchoate right of dower in the lands mentioned in the petition, and received a moneyed consideration for same. She was not only settling a lawsuit, but by virtue of the settlement, was obtaining a speedy trial, without any right of appeal being open to defendant. We are of the opinion, that the foregoing-agreement was supported by a valid consideration.”
The principal question in the case at bar is whether, as claimed by defendants, the contract was void because repugnant to public policy. It is argued that any agreement between spouses that has a tendency to bring about their separation or to destroy the marital relation is open to objection. This Court has recognized that such a contract made while the spouses are living together, to effectuate a future separation, is void. Day v. Chamberlain, 223 Mich 278. In the case cited the decision was based on the fact that there was no existing separation, and that the parties lived and cohabited together for approximately 2 months following the making of the property settlement. The validity of such an agreement where a separation has already occurred has been recognized. Randall v. Randall, 37 Mich 563; Palmer v. Fagerlin, 163 Mich 345; In re Berner’s Estate, 217 Mich 612. See, also, annotation in 12 LRA NS 848.
Under the practice in this State property settlements in pending divorce cases, or in contemplation of such proceeding's where a separation has actually occurred, are ordinarily recognized as valid in the absence of a specific reason for a contrary holding. Such an agreement, made in connection with a collusive plan or scheme to obtain a decree of divorce, is open to objection, and is regarded as sufficient to justify denial of a decree. Thompson v. Thompson, 70 Mich 62. Generally speaking, whether there is collusion in a given instance is a question of fact to be determined on the basis of the proofs. See Neu v. Neu, 297 Mich 654. The question is one that ordinarily arises, if at all, on the trial of the divorce case. Such was the situation in Thompson v. Thompson, supra, in which a decree was denied because the Court found that the agreement between the spouses was illegal.
There is no presumption that a contract for the settlement of property rights, made in contemplation of a possible divorce, is necessarily collusive. Giddings v. Giddings, 167 Or 504 (114 P2d 1009, 119 P2d 280). In Gentry v. Gentry, 67 Mo App 550, it was said:
“The marriage relation, and when and for what causes it shall be dissolved, concerns the public as well as the individuals thus united. Such relation can only be dissolved for the reasons set out in the statute. Parties can not of their own volition rescind the matrimonial contract. The courts are justified in calling for a full and complete disclosure of all the facts, on. both sides, before dissolving the relation. And when the parties then institute a pretended suit, under a collusive agreement between themselves to cheat the court by falsifying or concealing the facts, and this collusion is shown to exist at any stage of the proceedings, it is deemed a conspiracy against justice and will ‘stop the judicial wheels for the obvious reason that courts sit to advance justice and antagonize fraud.’ ”
It has been held that a bargain that no defense shall be interposed to a divorce action is collusive. Davis v. Hinman, 73 Neb 850 (103 NW 668, 11 Ann Cas 376). See, also, Branson v. Branson, 76 Neb 780 (107 NW 1011); Berman v. Bradford, 127 Me 201 (142 A 751); Potter v. Potter, 101 Fla 1199 (133 S 94). However, the fact that the agreement is collusive must be established by proof. In Hudson v. Hudson, 176 Mo App 69 (162 SW 1062), defendant in a divorce action sought to have a decree set aside on the ground that there was collusion between plaintiff and the attorneys for the defendant. In sustaining the action of the trial court in overruling the motion, it was said:
“The substance of her complaint is that her lawyers had a secret understanding with plaintiff that he should be allowed to obtain a decree without opposition. There is not the slightest evidence of the existence of an agreement so reprehensible. On the contrary, the evidence is convincing that defendant was faithfully and ably served by her attorneys and she has allowed her cupidity, so conspicuously exhibited throughout the history of this depressing case, to lead her, after the rendition of the decree, into a groundless attack on faithful servitors in the hope that she may keep what they gained for her and, perhaps, get more. We find no occasion for interfering with the conclusion of the trial court that the attorneys of defendant acted in good faith towards her and that their failure to appear at the trial was due to her decision not to contest the case.
“Nor do we find good ground for the conclusion urged by defendant that the settlement contract should be regarded as evidence—conclusive evidence of a collusive agreement that plaintiff should not be resisted in his attempt to procure a divorce. A defendant in a divorce suit is not bound to make a defense (Blank v. Nohl, 112 Mo 159 [20 SW 477, 18 LRA 350], and authorities cited) and no inference of collusion should be drawn from the mere fact of nonresistance, though such fact may be regarded as an important element in circumstantial evidence from which such an inference would be permissible. A compromise and settlement of the pecuniary and property issues in a divorce suit is not denounced by law as immoral or against public policy ‘but a bargain that there shall be no defense is collusion and any promise founded on such understanding cannot be enforced.’ (Blank v. Nohl, supra.)”
There is no showing in the- instant case to justify an inference that Mrs. Kull was the victim of fraud or duress in the making of the contract. If, as defendants claim, the agreement was illegal because collusive, both parties to it were charged with notice of that fact. No suggestion of illegality was made at the time of the trial of the divorce case. Mrs. Kull accepted the benefits of the agreement and received the property here involved. Obviously the trial judge who heard the divorce case did not consider that the settlement between the parties was open to objection. No claim is now made that it was unfair or inequitable. Neither is there any suggestion that the decree of divorce was, or is, subject to attack. Mrs. Kull did not question it during her lifetime, and the record before us does not indicate that she would have been in any position to do so. Simons v. Simons, 47 Mich 253; Carlisle v. Carlisle, 96 Mich 128.
In view of the suggestion made by defendants in their pleadings, that the cross bill filed by Mrs. Null did not set up statutory grounds for a decree of divorce, the ease of Owen v. Yale, 75 Mich 256, is of interest. There the defendant, who was the plaintiff in a divorce action, was held bound by a consent decree in her favor. It appeared that the averments of her bill of complaint were defective, but the Court determined that the “decree was not absolutely void, whether erroneous or not.” The Court further determined that the parties had the right to make the property settlement involved, citing Randall v. Randall, supra.
It may be conceded that a reward paid to a spouse to induce him or her to obtain a decree of divorce violates recognized rules of public policy. The same is true of an undertaking to suppress the true facts in a divorce case or to permit the obtaining of a decree on false or perjured testimony or fictitious grounds. The essence of such an agreement must be regarded as a bar to the granting of a decree of divorce, or to other relief based on the theory of a valid contract. It does not follow that a contract in settlement of the property interests of spouses involved in divorce litigation is presumptively open to objection. It is invalid when intended to induce obtaining a divorce decree improperly, is collusive in the obnoxious sense above indicated, or is obtained by fraud or duress. Likewise, recognition of an agreement that is inequitable should be denied.
While it is impossible to reconcile all of the decisions relating to the question, we think that the trend of the later cases is in accord with the statement of the rule as set forth in the annotation in 109 ALR 844, as follows:
“As stated in the prior annotation, according to the weight of authority, an agreement relating to alimony or the adjustment of property rights, which does not directly induce the procurement of a divorce, does not constitute such collusion as will bar a decree. Although such an agreement may contemplate the possibility of a divorce, and depend for effectiveness on its being obtained, it will not bar a decree, provided it is made in good faith, without undue influence or imposition by one party on the other, and is fair and equitable. In other words, there seems to be no presumption that a contract for the settlement of property rights, made in contemplation of a possible divorce, is necessarily collusive, but in each particular case the court will look to all the facts and circumstances to determine whether the contract has that effect.”
In Spence v. Spence, 290 Mich 98 (124 ALR 141), the spouses, prior to the hearing of the divorce action, entered into an agreement which was to be effective in its main provisions if either of the parties obtained a decree of divorce. The matter of paying temporary alimony on the institution of suit by the wife was also covered. Some years after the granting of the decree it was modified, and the agreement referred to was incorporated in it. In subsequent contempt proceedings the question arose whether payments referred to in provisions of the agreement embodied in the modified decree were in the nature of alimony or property settlement. The decree provided in substance that the payments of money and performance of other provisions in the agreement, on the part of the defendant, should be in lieu of plaintiff’s dower rights in his property, and in full satisfaction of any claims that she might have therein. The agreement referred to the payments as alimony, and the court construed them accordingly. It does not appear that the validity of the contract between the parties was questioned in the trial court or before this Court. Notwithstanding that its effect was conditioned on the securing of a decree of divorce by one of the parties, its legality was impliedly recognized.
Defendants rely on and quote at some length from the opinion in Brown v. Brown, 8 Cal App2d 364 (47 P2d 352). There an agreement between spouses, as found by the trial court, provided in substance that a divorce should be obtained by one or the other, and the adjustment of their property rights was conditioned thereon. A decree was granted, and subsequently the plaintiff brought suit based on the contract. Referring to the finding of the trial court that the promises of the defendant were made “in contemplation of and to facilitate, and conditioned upon, a dissolution of the marriage,” recovery was held to be precluded. It does not affirmatively appear whether the parties to the case were separated at the time their agreement was made. The language of the opinion suggests that the trial court came to the conclusion that there was collusion between the spouses.
In Hill v. Hill, 23 Cal2d 82 (142 P2d 417), the property settlement agreement in question was conditioned on the wife obtaining a decree of divorce. She did so, the decree reciting that the payment of alimony was covered by the property settlement which the court expressly approved. Thereafter action was brought on the agreement, and the defense was interposed that it was void as against public policy. The trial court so held and dismissed the action. The supreme court of the State reversed the decision, expressly disapproving of the language of the opinion in Brown v. Brown, supra, to the effect that a contract conditioned upon a dissolution of a marriage is unenforceable. In reaching its conclusion the court recognized that:
“Agreements not to defend or to abandon a defense in a divorce action, to destroy or conceal evidence in proceedings for divorce, and to procure or furnish testimony of certain facts which will successfully support or defeat a divorce action, or which provide that payment to the party procuring evidence to be used in such an action is contingent upon the result of the action have been held void as parts of collusive arrangements to facilitate divorce.”
Citing numerous prior decisions in California and in other States, the court further said:
“Accordingly, by the great weight of modern authority, property settlement agreements are upheld even though made in contemplation of divorce. * * * The rule is stated in 17 Am Jur, § 499, as follows: ‘The validity of such agreements depends on whether there is an attempt to obtain a divorce not justified by the real facts and thus to practice a fraud upon the court. * * * Under this rule, where a separation has been induced by the vicious conduct or disability of one of the parties, without inducement or fault of the other, a contract looking to a settlement of property rights and the proper maintenance of the one not in fault is in no sense repugnant to public policy.’ * * *
“Such contracts made in contemplation of divorce are entered into upon the assumption that divorce will follow. (See Bishop v. Bishop [Mo App], 162 SW2d 332, 335.) It would therefore seem proper for the parties to provide for any possible failure of this assumption in their contract. And it has accordingly been held that agreements conditioned upon divorce, in the sense that they are to become effective upon dissolution of the marriage, do not contravene public policy. (Miller v. Miller, 284 Pa 414 [131 A 236]; Bishop v. Bishop, supra; Frothingham v. Anthony (CCA), 69 F2d 506; Phillips v. Phillips, 39 RI 92 [97 A 593]; Lubbell v. Stolls, 202 NYS 229; cf. Darling v. Darling, 241 App Div 57 [270 NYS 557]; Maisch v. Maisch, 87 Conn 377 [87 A 729]; Clarke v. Clarke, 42 Times LR [Eng] 132; note 109 ALR 844; see Stokes v. Anderson, 118 Ind 533, 552 [21 NE 331, 4 LRA 313], 2 Bishop, Marriage, Divorce and Separation, § 702.)
“Decent California cases have upheld property settlement agreements thus conditioned upon divorce.”
In support of the conclusion reached, the court cited, among other decisions, Cookinham v. Cookinham, 219 Cal 723 (28 P2d 1045); Ettlinger v. Ettlinger, 3 Cal2d 172 (44 P2d 540); Queen v. Queen, 44 Cal App2d 475 (112 P2d 755). The decision has been followed in later California cases, including Brainard v. Brainard, 82 Cal App2d 478 (186 P2d 990).
In Frothingham v. Anthony, 69 F2d 506 (certiorari denied, 292 US 655 [54 S Ct 865, 78 L ed 1503]), the circuit court of appeals of the first circuit sustained a written agreement between a husband and wife made after the former had instituted suit for divorce and contemporaneously with the filing of a cross petition by the latter. Said agreement was in terms to be inoperative in the event that the court did not grant a divorce to the wife prior to a specified date. In connection with such agreement the mother of the husband executed an instrument in which she guaranteed the payments for which her son had contracted. Suit was brought on the collateral undertaking and the question arose in consequence as to the validity of the contract between the spouses. In sustaining the agreement, the court referred to the law of Ehode Island, where the agreement was made and the divorce decree granted, saying :
“Nowhere have we been able to discover from an examination of the reported decisions of the Ehode Island supreme court, in its interpretation of this and other sections of the statute, any inhibition placed upon the parties against undertaking by amicable agreement to adjust their differences in respect to collateral and incidental matters, provided that there be involved no collusion or fraud upon the court in respect to the trial upon its merits in open session of all matters relating to the severance of the bond of marriage between them. While that court seems to look with no disfavor upon such agreements between parties, thus often avoiding protracted trials and notoriety harmful to children and others, it still retains a jurisdiction under the statute, irrespective of the agreements entered into, to deal with the custody of children and their support, as well as any unexecuted portion of an agreement for the maintenance of a wife which is embodied in a final decree. * * *
“The agreement now before us was in no respect unusual or out of harmony with the limitations laid down by the Rhode Island courts. It is an agreement seemingly fair, certainly from the point of view of the divorced husband, as most of its provisions, apart from the clause relative to the household furniture, relate to the maintenance and support of the 2 minor sons. The agreement, so far as it deals with the custody and rights of visitation of these children, although remaining subject to revision or alteration by the court, is in no wise opposed to sound public policy. The essential provisions of the agreement were embodied in the final decree of the court itself. Nowhere does there appear the slightest direct evidence, nor basis for compelling inference, that the court was in any way misled or misinformed. As we have said, the defendant’s principal contention was that the agreements were bad upon their face.
“All such agreements as that here involved are naturally conditioned upon the event arid effect of the court’s decision. Such a condition is not a defiance of the Rhode Island statute, but a recognition that the parties may not bargain in respect to the continuance of the bond of marriage.”
The court also cited the decision of the supreme court of Rhode Island in Phillips v. Phillips, 39 RI 92 (97 A 593). There the plaintiff wife brought suit for divorce, asking for alimony and the custody of minor children. Thereafter, and before the entering of a final decree in the case, a trust agreement was entered into between the parties, providing for the assignment by the husband to a trustee, for the benefit of the plaintiff, certain stocks, bonds, and other property. The agreement, to which the wife was a party, was declared to be in bar “of any and all claims .for allowance or alimony in said petition for divorce and in satisfaction and bar of the dower or thirds to which by the common law, or by custom or statute, she might be entitled.” After the decree of divorce had been entered, plaintiff filed her petition for an allowance of alimony, and the question in consequence arose as to whether the agreement constituted a bar to the proceeding. In affirming a decree of the trial court dismissing the petition, it was said:
“The petitioner further objects to the decree appealed from on the ground that the trust agreement, on the provisions of which said decree is based, is not valid and enforceable. In support of this attack the petitioner has cited to us a number of cases from other jurisdictions, in which certain agreements between parties to divorce proceedings, with reference to the amount of the wife’s alimony, have been considered. In some of the older of these cases such agreements have been disregarded, apparently, because of the incapacity of the wife to contract with her husband until the bond of marriage had been dissolved. In a few others such agreements have been held to ‘open a door for the attainment of divorce by collusion’ and hence to be against public policy and void. In most of the cases cited, while the courts recognized the competency of the parties to make such a contract, the particular agreement under consideration has been treated as a nullity, because the provisions contained therein were unjust to the wife or because in the circumstances of the particular case the court found such agreement to be part of a collusive scheme to impose upon the court in which the divorce proceeding was pending.
“The broad terms of our statute with reference to the contracts which a married woman may make permit the petitioner to enter into this contract with her husband, and in our opinion agreements of this character are not in their nature void as being contrary to public policy.
“Because it is the policy of our law to preserve the marriage relation, and not to grant a divorce upon the agreement of husband and wife, or when it appears that the alleged cause of complaint has been occasioned by the collusion of the parties, the courts will not recognize or enforce an agreement as to alimony if it appears that such agreement is part of a bai’gain for facilitating the procurement of a divorce. Also because of the nature of divorce proceedings the court will carefully scrutinize such an agreement and will not enforce it if its provisions are unjust to the wife or if it appears that fraud has been practiced upon her. The agreement here in question appears to have been entered into fairly while the interests of the petitioner were guarded by her solicitors. The provision for the petitioner made therein seems to be reasonable in amount. Two justices of the superior court considering said agreement at different hearings have each given it their approval. The claim is not made and nothing has been brought to our attention in the case which raises a suspicion that the divorce proceedings were not prosecuted and defended in good faith or that a promise to assist in practicing deception upon the court formed any part of the consideration of said agreement. In our opinion the justice of the superior court was warranted in treating said agreement as valid and enforceable.”
Of similar import is Geis v. Gallus, 130 Or 619 (278 P 969), where it was said:
“In order to constitute collusion there must be an agreement between the parties. Collusion is not necessarily established by an agreement for the division of property in the event a divorce, is granted. It is not collusion for defendant to voluntarily submit to service of process: 19 CJ, p 92, § 215.” '
In Burgess v. Burgess, 17 SD 44 (95 NW 279), the parties had separated because of mutual difficulties. The husband desired a decree of divorce and wrote to the wife -advising her in substance that he would convey certain land to her by deed. In making such promise he indicated that in return he wanted “a mutual settlement and bill, for which I will pay all costs, using the lightest cause possible.” Thereafter the husband obtained a decree of divorce, the wife not appearing in the suit. The property not having-been deeded to her as agreed, she brought an action against her former husband for specific performance. Defense was made on the ground that the contract sought to be enforced was illegal and void because repugnant to public policy. The trial court held otherwise, and granted relief to the plaintiff. In upholding the decision on appeal, it was said:
“The law of this State expressly permits contracts between husband and wife with respect to the property of each, but forbids certain agreements, as collusive, which are intended to alter or to promote the dissolution of the relation of husband and wife. Contracts relating to alimony are being-.constantly made and enforced, while agreements -which contravene the policy of the law in relation to granting-divorces are everywhere regarded as illegal. To which class does the contract in this action belong? The answer to this inquiry depends upon the intention of the parties as shown by the facts contained in the agreed statement. An interpretation which gives effect is preferred to one which makes void. CL 1887, § 4728. All persons are presumed to have acted lawfully. Unless clearly inconsistent with any reasonable view of the agreed facts, it should be inferred that these parties did not intend to violate the law, or to do any wrongful act. This, in substance, is all that is shown, tending to prove collusion : The marital relations of the parties being unsatisfactory, the defendant wrote to the plaintiff: ‘I * * * will prove'up the land and send you the deed as soon as possible. All I ask is a mutual settlement and bill, for which I will pay all costs, using the lightest cause possible.’ This was an unconditional promise to convey the land. The plaintiff was not asked to commit, or to appear to have committed, or to be represented in court as having; committed, any act constituting a cause for divorce. She was not asked to refrain from appearing in the contemplated action for divorce, nor does it appear that she ever agreed to refrain from making’ a defense. It is true that she did not appear, relying, as she had a right to, on the defendant’s express promise, and was thus deprived of an opportunity to have her property rights and the propery rights of her daughter determined by the court. But it does not affirmatively appear, and we think it cannot be inferred, that she made any agreement as a consideration of receiving the land, which, if shown, would have required the court to deny her husband a divorce on the ground of collusion. We think the transaction can and should be regarded as an agreement merely affecting property rights, and not as one which contravenes the policy of the law, or which was otherwise contrary to good morals.”
The above decision was followed in Nelson v. Nelson, 71 SD 342 (24 NW2d 327). See also, North v. North, 339 Mo 1226 (100 SW2d 582, 109 ALR 1061) ; Tilles v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue (CCA), 113 F2d 907 (certiorari denied, 311 US 703 [61 S Ct 143, 85 L ed 456]); Welsh v. Welsh, 230 Mo App 1006 (93 SW2d 264); Dennison v. Dennison, 98 NJ Eq 230 (130 A 463); Gallemore v. Gallemore, 94 Fla 516 (114 S 371).
The application of the rule recognized in the recent decisions on the subject leads to the conclusion that the agreement in the instant case should be sustained. The suggestion that Mrs. Kull was forced to seek a divorce that she did not desire is not supported by proof. Neither does it appear that the agreement contemplated the suppression of fact's that might have resulted, if known, in the denial of a decree of divorce to Mrs. Kull. The record indicates that the judge who heard the divorce action was fully advised and that he was satisfied that no reprehensible conduct was involved. The mere fact that the operation of the contract was conditioned on the parties being divorced is not controlling. The record does not justify a conclusion that the parties were guilty of collusion or that the purpose of the agreement was to induce Mrs. Kull to seek and obtain a decree of divorce.
A decree will' enter in this Court in accordance with the prayer for relief in the bill of complaint, reversing the decree of the circuit court, with costs to plaintiff.
Boyles, C. J., and Reid, North, Dethmers, Butzel, Bushnbll, and Sharpe, JJ., concurred. | CASELAW |
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Grasp the flexible select chiller
Jun 22, 2016
Chiller is used to provide constant, constant-current, constant-voltage water cooling equipment. General chiller adopt import brand accessories, built-in safety water pumps, safe and quiet, less power consumption, current overload protection, the level of suppression and electronic time holdup device, with reverse owed protection and protection against ice. Geweisi water cooled machines are widely used in plastics, electro, industrial, machinery and other industries.
According to the survey, there are many industrial enterprises or chiller machine with water and circulation oil cooling user, buying cold water when you don't know what type of, I don't know what kind of machines more suited to their production. First to figure out what chiller types, manufacturers generally choose water-cooled chiller or air cooled chiller in two ways.
Or if you are installing workshop clean room, we recommend that you install water cooled chiller, full stainless steel water tank evaporators, built-in automatic water setting, cleaning and maintenance is convenient, water cooling chiller compared to air-cooled chiller has high humidity requirement, more suitable in unventilated workshops and practical. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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Hot reload
Built-in
templ ships with hot reload. Since fsnotify and rjeczalik/notify filesystem watchers struggle to provide a working cross-platform behaviour, templ uses a basic os.WalkDir function to iterate through *.templ files on disk, and uses a backoff strategy to prevent excessive disk thrashing and reduce CPU usage.
templ generate --watch will watch the current directory and will templ files if changes are detected.
If the --cmd argument is set, templ start or restart the command once template code generation is complete.
If the --proxy argument is set, templ will start a HTTP proxy pointed at the given address. The proxy rewrites HTML received from the given address and adds a script just before the </body> tag that will reload the window with JavaScript once the changes are complete and the command has been executed.
templ generate --watch --proxy="http://localhost:8080" --cmd="runtest"
Alternative
Air's reload performance is better due to its complex filesystem notification setup, but doens't ship with a proxy to automatically reload pages, and requires a toml configuration file for operation.
See https://github.com/cosmtrek/air for details.
Example configuration
.air.toml
root = "."
tmp_dir = "tmp"
[build]
bin = "./tmp/main"
cmd = "templ generate && go build -o ./tmp/main ."
delay = 1000
exclude_dir = ["assets", "tmp", "vendor"]
exclude_file = []
exclude_regex = [".*_templ.go"]
exclude_unchanged = false
follow_symlink = false
full_bin = ""
include_dir = []
include_ext = ["go", "tpl", "tmpl", "templ", "html"]
kill_delay = "0s"
log = "build-errors.log"
send_interrupt = false
stop_on_error = true
[color]
app = ""
build = "yellow"
main = "magenta"
runner = "green"
watcher = "cyan"
[log]
time = false
[misc]
clean_on_exit = false | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
WHAT AND WHERE IS HEAVEN?
Does heaven exist? With well over 100,000 plus recorded and described spiritual experiences collected over 15 years, to base the answer on, science can now categorically say yes. Furthermore, you can see the evidence for free on the website allaboutheaven.org.
Available on Amazon
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B086J9VKZD
also on all local Amazon sites, just change .com for the local version (.co.uk, .jp, .nl, .de, .fr etc.)
VISIONS AND HALLUCINATIONS
This book, which covers Visions and hallucinations, explains what causes them and summarises how many hallucinations have been caused by each event or activity. It also provides specific help with questions people have asked us, such as ‘Is my medication giving me hallucinations?’.
Available on Amazon
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B088GP64MW
also on all local Amazon sites, just change .com for the local version (.co.uk, .jp, .nl, .de, .fr etc.)
Some science behind the scenes
Anti-histamines in more detail
Histamine binds to various receptors and there are four histamine receptors in humans designated H1 through H4. All are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR).
Type
Location
H1 histamine receptor
Found on smooth muscle, endothelium, and central nervous system tissue
H2 histamine receptor
Located on parietal cells and vascular smooth muscle cells
H3 histamine receptor
Found on central nervous system and to a lesser extent peripheral nervous system tissue
H4 histamine receptor
Found primarily in the basophils and in the bone marrow. It is also found on thymus, small intestine, spleen, and colon.
The anti-histamines acting on the H1 and H3 receptors tend to be more likely to give you an experience because they act on the histamine receptors in the brain to restrict blood flow to the brain.
In general they all work via hypoxia.
H1 receptor antagonists
Classically, “antihistamines produce sleep” – at least the doctors call it sleep, it is actually sedation caused by a lack of oxygen – or coma. Scientists have noticed that “destruction of histamine releasing neurons, or inhibition of histamine synthesis leads to an inability to maintain vigilance”. You bet it does. In fact watch a person on anti-histamines and they behave in much the same way as someone who has been poisoned with carbon monoxide or been given carbogen – it is the same end result.
People on anti-histamines get a lot of headaches too – that too is lack of oxygen.
The scientists have also noticed that “It has also been suggested that histamine controls the mechanisms by which memories and learning are forgotten”. Or to put it more simply, if you deprive the brain of oxygen you erase memory.
Given that the oxygen deprivation is pretty general, because the receptors are to be found in most parts of the brain, other parts of the brain are also affected. For example, Ataxia - a gross lack of coordination of muscle movements is a frequent side effect. “Ataxia is a non-specific clinical manifestation implying dysfunction of the parts of the nervous system that coordinate movement, such as the cerebellum”.
It has been discovered that these H1-antihistamines are actually inverse agonists at the histamine H1-receptor, rather than antagonists per se. This however has little bearing on their effect. What does have a bearing is that there are first generation and second generation H1 receptor antihistamines. Second generation antihistamines do not cross the blood brain barrier, and as such do not cause the very direct affects to the brain which is key in their production of spiritual experiences.
This is not to say that second generation H1 receptor antagonists do not have an effect, it is just that the effect is far more indirect and less likely. They share their mechanism of action with the H2 receptor antagonists
The H2 receptor antagonists
The H2 receptor antagonists can produce similar effects but not directly, the effect is indirect via constriction of blood supply in general which then leads to restriction to the brain. Overall it is less likely that any H2 receptor antagonists will produce hallucinations, however, they do have some other effects. Libido loss and erectile failure can occur following histamine (H2) antagonists such as cimetidine and ranitidine.
H2 antagonists, like H1 antagonists, are also inverse agonists and not true antagonists. H2 histamine receptors, found principally in the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa, are used to reduce the secretion of gastric acid, treating gastrointestinal conditions including peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
H3- and H4-receptor antagonists
In general these are experimental agents and do not yet have a defined clinical use, although a number of drugs are currently in human trials. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Template:Did you know nominations/HTC First
HTC First
* ... that an early version of the Facebook-developed software on the HTC First was codenamed "Buffy"?
* Reviewed: Zeichenstaub
Expanded by ViperSnake151 (talk). Self nominated at 18:43, 10 April 2013 (UTC).
* Symbol confirmed.svg Article created on April 2, but 5x expanded from April 4-9. Hook verified, article appears sufficiently sourced and doesn't to me appear promotional. – Muboshgu (talk) 17:02, 22 April 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
VIP Brother season 8
VIP Brother 8, also known as VIP Brother: Играта загрубява (lit. The game gets rough), was the eighth season of the Bulgarian reality television series VIP Brother, hosted by Niki Kanchev. The show launched on 11 September 2016 on Nova TV. Niki Kanchev and Aleksandra Sarchadjieva were the main presenters. It concluded 62 days later on 11 November 2016. Miglena Angelova won with Petar Bachvarov "Uti" as the runner-up.
It marked 10 years since the premiere of the VIP Brother format in Bulgaria in 2006.
Housemates
17 Housemates entered the House on Day 1 and another one on Day 13. Hristo entered on Day 30.
Aleksandar
Aleksandar Nikolov "Alek Sandar" is a music producer and musician. He entered the house on Day 1 and was the first evicted on Day 13.
Borislav
Borislav Komsiyski is a businessman. He entered the house on Day 1 and finished fourth in the finale on Day 62.
Desislava
Desislava Tsoneva "Desi" is a TV host and daughter of popular journalist Dimitar Tsonev. She entered the house on Day 1 and was the eighth evicted on Day 55.
Emilia
Emilia Tsvetkova "Emanuela" is a pop-folk singer. She entered the house on Day 13 and finished third in the finale on Day 62.
Georgi S.
Georgi Sofkin is an Olympic champion in badminton. He entered the house on Day 1 and decided to walk out of the House on Day 9.
Georgi T.
Georgi Tornev is a director of popular shows on BNT Ku-ku and Kanaleto. His wife Mira Dobreva entered two years later in VIP Brother 10 in 2018. He entered the house on Day 1 and was the sixth evicted on Day 48.
Gloria
Gloria Petkova is a model. She entered the house on Day 1 and was the second evicted on Day 34.
Hristo
Hristo Zhivkov is an actor. He entered the house on Day 30 and finished fifth in the finale on Day 62.
Irina
Irina Tencheva is a TV host and wife of popular TV host and producer Ivan Hristov. She entered the house on Day 1 and was the ninth evicted on Day 58.
Lazara
Lazara Zlatareva "Kaka Lara" (Sister Lara) is a TV host of popular childer show "Milion i edno zhelania" ("Million and one wishes") and an actress. She entered the house on Day 1 and was the third evicted on Day 41.
Lilia
Lilia Vuchkova "Kaka Lili" (Sister Lili) is a TV host of popular childer shows "Sedem dni za vas deca" ("Seven days for your children"), "Muzikalna chudnoteka" ("Music chudnoteka"), "Nedelno mejduchasie" ("Sunday break") and original TV host of "Milion i edno zhelania" ("Million and one wishes") and an actress. She entered the house on Day 1 and was the tenth evicted on Day 58.
Miglena
Miglena Angelova is a TV host of former popular talk show "Iskreno i lichno" ("Sincerely and personally"). She entered the house on Day 1 and became a winner on Day 62.
Nadezhda
Nadezhda Ivanova "Nadya" is an actress and TV host of former secular show on BNT "Elit". She entered the house on Day 1 and was the seventh evicted on Day 55.
Petar
Petar Bachvarov "Uti" is a TV host of first culinary show "Barzo, lesno, vkusno" ("Fast, easy, delicious") started in 1997 and an actor. He entered the house on Day 1 and finished second in the finale on Day 62.
Radoslav
Radoslav Kavaldzhiev "Roro" is a producer, TV host a defunct music channel MM and son of the popular rock singer Vili Kavaldzhiev. He entered the house on Day 1 and was the fifth evicted on Day 48.
Reni
Reni Gaytandjieva is a pop-folk singer. She is the only pop-folk singer managed to break into two countries - Bulgaria and Serbia. She entered the house on Day 1 and was the twelfth evicted on Day 61.
Valentin
Valentin Mihov "Valyo" is a former footballer, football functionary and businessman. He entered the house on Day 1 and was the eleventh evicted on Day 60.
Yavor
Yavor Baharov is an actor. He entered the house on Day 1 and was ejected on Day 27.
Zhana
Zhana Brankova-Bergendorff is a pop singer and the winner of second season of X Factor. She entered the house on Day 1 and was the fourth evicted on Day 41.
Mike
On September 10 it was officially announced that Mike Tyson would enter the House. On September 26, Niki Kanchev announced that it would enter the house. He entered the House on Day 23 as a special Houseguest and left on Day 26. | WIKI |
In Apache FOP, I've just run into a small problem. I got an FO file with a rather large data URL (RFC 2397) in it. If I hook the Commons Resolver into FOP it takes ages (CPU at 100%) and all get get back is a TransformerException from CatalogResolver.resolve(String href, String base) telling me "unknown protocol: data" which is actually expected if someone tries to create a java.net.URL and no protocol handler for RFC 2397 URLs is installed (Note: We're supporting these URLs natively in FOP). Is there anything I can do in the catalog to shortcut this or would it make sense to simply ignore all URIs which start with "data:" (i.e. they bypass URI resolution)? The latter could be done in either FOP or Commons Resolver but doing it in Resolver would take care of the problem for all times. I don't think anyone is going to rewrite RFC 2397 URLs. Or is it expected that a RFC 2397 protocol handler is installed when XML Commons Resolver is to be used? Any comments? Thanks, Jeremias Maerki | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Common misunderstanding related to air compressor system
Common misunderstanding related to air compressor system
Summary
Here are some common misunderstanding related to air compressor system from CAGI
Here are some common misunderstanding related to air compressor system from CAGI
1. Is it safe to clean dirt & debris from a work area using compressed air ?
No. This is an unsafe practice. Cleaning a work area using compressed air could result in serious injury as a result of particulate striking or entering the eyes, ears or skin. A safer alternative is to use a vacuum, mop or broom to remove dirt and debris.
2. is variable speed drive always the best solution for the most efficient part-load performance?
Not necessarily. Inherent to their design, variable speed drive compressors have an optimum tip speed range where they operate most efficiently. If the compressor load requirements fall outside of this range, other control options may provide the most efficient solution. The compressor provider will need to consider the numerous application requirements in order to recommend the most efficient compressed air solution for the job.
3. Is variable speed drive increases oil carryover ?
Operating at reduced speeds should have no detrimental impact on oil carryover. The reduced airflow will lower the velocity through the separator media, which will improve its efficiency. There are two primary contributors to an increase in carryover, lower pressure and higher temperature. Neither of these issues is caused by the addition of a VSD.
4. Is it able to eliminate the need for a flow controller by using a variable speed drive compressor ?
Every application is different, but there are clearly systems that would benefit from the stable, constant pressure that a flow controller can provide in a very dynamic system and the part load efficiency of a VSD compressor. Even with a flow controller and proper storage, an optimized system will fill the storage in the most efficient manner. In many systems, this can include a VSD compressor.
5. Are all “Synthetic” compressor fluids the same?
No, they are not the same. When looking at air compressor fluids, the term “Synthetic” is often used to describe the base stock. Since “Synthetic” simply means that the fluid is not a hydrocarbon base stock, it encompasses many different base stocks which offer dramatically different performance. The real question is what is the synthetic base stock, PAG, Diester, PAO? Once you determine the base stock you can evaluate its advantages and disadvantages.
6. Are all Polyglycol(PAG) blended compressor fluids the same?
Polyglycol compressor fluids are generally blended with one of two types of ‘Esters,’ “Polyolesters” or “Diesters.” These two differ drastically in their performance in a rotary screw air compressor.
Polyolesters (POE): POE's handle heat very well and run varnish and sludge free. They are best known as jet engine lubricants. They are expensive and are used in applications where performance is critical, like in a rotary screw air compressor.
Diesters: Diesters are low cost and have the potential to cause sludge. Sludge can become very costly to a company's bottom line, reducing compressor efficiency and becoming very expensive to remove from a compressor system once it forms. Diesters also cause swelling in gaskets, seals, and hose liners. This results in problems with leaks, swelling of O-rings and deterioration of shaft seals.
BEWARE, many generic Polyglycol/Ester blends turn out to be a Diester base with a minimum amount of Polyglycol. These generic fluids will have all the issues associated with a Diester fluid.
7. Are Generic replacement parts and compressor lubricants the same as manufacturer proprietary parts and lubricants ?
Maintenance kits and manufacturer proprietary replacement parts and lubricants offer the best overall performance. They are designed to maintain unit efficiency and reliability. Generic parts increase liability, decrease performance, and may void manufacturer warranties.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Next Supreme Court justice should not have to face Senate obstruction | TheHill
In connection with a nomination to the seat being vacated by Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy I penned a column for USA Today in which I wrote that “members of the Senate of course should have time to evaluate the nominee’s record and to consult with the White House.” I also urged the Senate “to do its job fairly and expeditiously so that the court is at full strength at the beginning of the next term.” The most common reply to my column questioned why it was alright “to delay Merrick GarlandMerrick Brian GarlandLaw professor: Court-packing should be 'last resort' Here's how senators can overcome their hyperpartisanship with judicial nominees McConnell campaign criticized for tombstone with challenger's name MORE’s nomination for a year and never act on it, but now you think the Senate needs to do its job and act quickly? Why doesn’t the same GOP argument apply now as it did then, that the decision should be delayed so that the voters can decide. It seems to be a complete double standard and the height of hypocrisy.” In a column for USA Today in 2016, I urged Senate Republicans to hold a hearing and vote on the Garland nomination. I wrote that as counsel to President Bush, “I witnessed first hand the obstruction by Senate Democrats of well-qualified judicial nominees based on politics. Members of the Senate may not value being consistent and fair, but I do. I believed Senate obstruction through inaction was wrong when I was on the other side of the process and I believe it is wrong today. The president has done his job and when the Senate is prepared, members should do theirs.” Let me be clear. I am beyond pleased that Justice Neil Gorsuch sits on the Supreme Court. He once worked with me at the Justice Department. I know him to be fair and honorable, and I predict that over time he will become a superb justice. I am not pleased, however, at how Republicans failed to do their job and left open the seat left by Justice Antonin Scalia that Gorsuch now occupies. I know Gorsuch would not be on the Supreme Court but for the Senate obstruction. I am also aware, and as I wrote in my 2016 column on Garland, there is nothing in the Constitution that requires the Senate to act on a nomination within a certain period of time or ever. Nevertheless, some fear the Garland episode provides further confirmation that Supreme Court justices are political appointees like other government political appointees who are expected to carry out a political agenda. One of the most consequential decisions for a president under our Constitution are appointments to the Supreme Court. I witnessed President Bush work diligently to choose nominees with exceptional qualifications and a clear understanding of the important, but limited, role of the courts in our government. I suspect virtually everyone agrees judges should approach cases with open minds and without bias. The huge divide of opinion among Americans is over the ideology of an impartial judge, over how that impartial judge decides a case. Perhaps in part because of a dysfunctional Congress, today some Americans expect judges to weigh into every controversy and to usurp the power of another branch of government when convenient, to base judicial decisions on shifting societal norms and emerging trends, and to divine fundamental rights even though the text of the Constitution is silent as to those rights. President TrumpDonald John TrumpFacebook releases audit on conservative bias claims Harry Reid: 'Decriminalizing border crossings is not something that should be at the top of the list' Recessions happen when presidents overlook key problems MORE campaigned on the promise to appoint judges who have an appropriate respect for precedent and due deference to officials in the elected branches who are accountable for their decisions to the American people. He promised federal judges who in their decisions demonstrate fidelity to the text of the Constitution and the statutes passed by Congress. For better or worse this president has followed through on many of his campaign promises. So with respect to a promise this important, few have doubts about the type of person he will nominate. Once President Trump decides who he believes is best qualified to shape the jurisprudence of our country for generations to come, I believe it only fair and right for the Senate to pass judgment on that decision. That was my belief with respect to the Garland and Gorsuch nominations. It remains my belief today. The Senate majority leader believes the Senate can complete this work sometime in the fall. Depending on the timing of the nomination and the qualifications of the nominee, I see no reason to question whether the court can begin the October term at full strength. Alberto Gonzales was the 80th attorney general of the United States and counsel to the president in the George W. Bush administration. He is now a distinguished professor and dean of the Belmont University College of Law. View the discussion thread. The Hill 1625 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 tel | 202-628-8503 fax The contents of this site are ©2019 Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Valmet M76
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RK 62 76
RK 62 76.jpg
The Valmet M76
Type Assault rifle
Place of origin Finland
Service history
Used by Finland, Indonesia, Qatar[citation needed]
Wars Anti-guerrilla operations in Indonesia[citation needed]
Production history
Manufacturer Valmet
Produced 1976-1986
Variants M76W (Wooden Buttstock), M76F (Folding Stock, 7.62 Soviet and 5.56 NATO)
Specifications
Weight 3.6 kg (7lb 15oz)
Length 950 mm (37.4 in) stock extended
710 mm (29.13 in) stock folded
Barrel length 418 mm (16.46 in)
(4 grooves, right hand twist)
Cartridge 5.56×45mm NATO, 7.62×39mm
Action Gas-operated, rotating bolt
Rate of fire 700 rounds/min
Effective firing range 300-400
Feed system 15-, 20-, or 30-round detachable box magazine
Sights Iron sights
The RK 62 76, also known as the Valmet M76 is a gas operated assault rifle of Finnish origin, which was also made in semi-automatic version for civilian market. It is a modified AK-47 based on the Rk 62 (Rynnäkkökivääri 62, Assault rifle 62) design. The gun was in production from 1976 to 1986. Its receiver is made from stamped and riveted sheet metal, instead of Rk 62's milled receiver.
There are eight types of M76, four of which use 7.62×39mm M43 ammunition, while the other four use 5.56×45mm NATO rounds. They use 15-, 20-, or 30-round magazines. Finland used the 7.62 mm version, while Qatar and Indonesia use the 5.56 mm version.
Design[edit]
The Valmet M62/76 series of rifles are updates of the AK-47 design. Beginning with a licensed version of the AK-47 receiver, Valmet set about upgrading the design at every point. Tolerances are tighter than the Soviet bloc AKs while still being generous enough to assure reliability in all climates. The gas piston included small “fingers” near the piston to ensure smoother functioning inside the gas tube, which helped to increase the inherent accuracy of the rifle. Another move toward increased accuracy was the upgraded sights.
The front sight is mounted on the gas block which makes for one less attachment to the barrel, adding to the mechanical accuracy. The front sight is fully adjustable in the field by the soldier. There is also a flip up tritium night sight that covers the front post for low light shooting.
The rear sight is an aperture on a sliding tangent affair adjustable to 600 meters and a “battle sight” setting of 150 meters. The rear sight is located toward the rear of the top cover. The rear sight also has tritium inserts for night shooting by flipping the sight all the way forward (upside down). Once in this position, there is a square notch arrangement with two tritium dots on either side. In this position, the rear sight is adjustable for elevation via a set screw under the sight arm.
Another feature of the Valmet M62/76 series rifles is the flash suppressor. It resembles an enlarged version of the suppressor on the original M16. Directly under the flash suppressor is a bayonet lug to accommodate the knife-style bayonet manufactured by Fiskars and Hackman. The flash suppressor has some sharp edges along its longitudinal cuts for wire cutting. A soldier slides the barbed wire into the flash suppressor and simply rotates his rifle around until it snaps the small gauge wire. For thicker wire, the soldier inserts the wire, gives a half turn and fires the rifle, which will snap the wire. On the M16 the prong type flash suppressor was abandoned for the bird cage type because the prongs tended to snag on vegetation in the field. While this is still a problem with the M62/76, the sharper edges help to cut through some of the vegetation.
There are both solid and folding stock versions. Folding stock designs may become troublesome in that eventually they tend to become loose. This is not a problem with the M62/76 series of rifles as the hinge and lock design are very robust. Both feature a trap door in the butt to store a cleaning kit. So as not to freeze a soldier’s face in the often frigid temperatures of Finland, there is a thin plastic sleeve over the tube section of the stock that typically contacts the shooter's face.
All variants of the M76 are finished with an industrial grade Parkerizing throughout.
The muzzle velocity depends on the ammunition used; the NATO round being 900 m/s while the Kalashnikov round is 719 m/s.
Variants[edit]
The Valmet M78 is a heavy-barreled light support variant of the Valmet M76 assault rifle. In addition to firing the 7.62×39mm cartridge, variants firing 5.56×45mm NATO and 7.62×51mm NATO were also produced. It is a similar weapon to the RPK light machine gun and serves in the same tactical role.
In popular culture[edit]
The Valmet M76, M72 and M78 have been used as props to simulate the AK-47 and related Soviet weapons in a number of US films during the Cold War, most notably Red Dawn, Commando and Firefox, most likely due to their availability.
See also[edit]
External links[edit] | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Notes and Queries - Series 10 - Volume 7.djvu/70
54
NOTES AND QUERIES. [io s. VIL JAN. 19, 1907.
The phrase is used in a different sense from the above in the lines from Prior, and is there employed in its literal sense, that is to say, to pause for rest or to halt. (It will be remembered that Shakespeare uses it in a somewhat similar manner in
'King Lear,' I. i. 125-6: "I thought
to set my rest On her kind nursery," and in ' Romeo and Juliet,' V. iii. 109-10.) This view seems to be borne out in the subse- quent lines in ' A Better Answer ' :
.So when I am weary'd with wandering all day ;
To thee, my delight, in the evening I come ; No matter what beauties I saw in my way :
They were but my visits, but thou art my home.
S. BUTTERWORTH.
Although the phrase sometimes diverged slightly from its original meaning, " to set up one's rest " certainly seems to have con- veyed the sense originally of "to make up one's mind." Launcelot, famished in the service of Shylock, " set up his rest to run away " (II. ii.). Beaumont and Fletcher, ' Monsieur Thomas,' IV. ix. :
Faith, sir, my rest is up,
And what I now pull shall no more afflict me,
Than if I played at span-counter. Middleton, ' Spanish Gypsy ' (IV. ii.) : " Could I set up my rest that he were lost."
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL.
The phrase is Shakespeare's. Romeo says :
O, here
Will I set up my everlasting rest. .And surely he means that he will take his rest for ever, otherwise die. This inter- pretation is confirmed by the passages quoted from Pepys and Prior, for in them the phrase must mean " take my (or his) rest." Steevens says that it means " to be determined to any purpose " ; and no doubt it does mean this in Act IV. of
* Romeo and Juliet ' :
The County Paris hath set up his rest
That you shall rest but little.
E. YARD LEY.
As the perusal of Pepys' s ' Diary ' is to me a constantly renewed recreation, and I do not remember ever stumbling at the use of this phrase, I presume perhaps ignorantly its meaning has been sufficiently obvious to me. In the instance first quoted by T. M. W. does not the diarist record his intention to discontinue for a time going to plays ? Again, in the second quotation, Pepys infers that the entertainment pro- vided by his host was so bountiful that he is not likely to renew it for some little time to come.
So Prior, with the usual poetic licence,
describes the sun, at the close of day, dis- continuing for a time the labour of shining. I fancy that this sense of " rest " is not quite obsolete. T. M. W. has probably heard it said of an actor, temporarily out of an engagement, that he was " resting," and the term is constantly in use of other workers temporarily out of employment.
F. A. RUSSELL. 4, Nelgarde Road, Catford, S.E.
THREE-CANDLE FOLK-LORE (10 S. vi. 508). In the old days of candles as the ordinary way of lighting up a room it was considered to be unlucky for any one to bring a lighted candle into a room where two were already alight, and some one was sure to blow one of them out, just in the same way as a dash would be made at a table when a knife and fork lay crossed. When I was a boy folks used to see many things which gave them " freets " : such strange happenings as three candles moving about, death signs, beckoning fingers, and ghosts at certain corners standing with their heads under their arms all " sure an' sartin tokens o' summat gooin' ter happen." I knew of several Derbyshire villagers who were " gifted " in the way of reading " signs," and finding in commonplace things " omens " for good or bad. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
SIR THOMAS DAVIS, LORD MAYOR or LONDON, 1677 (10 S. vi. 388, 431). It may interest COL. ARNOLL DAVIS to know that Sir Thomas Davis (spelt variously Davies, Davys, and Davy) bore for arms Or, a chevron between three mullets pierced sable. Crest : On a chapeau ppr. a demi-lion ram- pant or (Burke's ' General Armory ').
CROSS-CROSSLET.
A KNIGHTHOOD OF 1603 (10 S. vi. 181, 257, 474 ; vii. 16). I should like to supple- ment my reply at the last reference by saying that it is important to note the difference between the information supplied by MR. HUGHES at 10 S. vi. 181, and that given in Burke's ' Landed Gentry,' as follows :
" Sir German Pole, of Radbourne, bapt. 1573, a distinguished commander, who served against the Spanish Armada, and was made a Knight Banneret for his good services in Ireland, under the Lord Deputy Mountjoy, 1599."
This statement, apparently founded upon the inscription on the knight's mural monu- ment in Radbourne Church alluded to by MR. HUGHES now appears in need of revision.
At the first and second references the | WIKI |
Template talk:Infobox flood
Properties affected in infobox
It might be useful to add a properties affected parameter in the infobox flood, as an easy comparative between flood events. for instance the UK floods in 2015 saw 16000 flooded, 2013-14 7000, 2012 8000 and 2007 55000 in the UK.Lacunae (talk) 11:06, 4 January 2017 (UTC)
Date parameter not working?
It seems that nothing that's entered under the "Date" parameter will output anything. However, the preview also won't say that it's an unrecognized parameter. The only way to output a date is by putting it under the "Duration" parameter. --Dennis C. Abrams (talk) 22:07, 30 January 2022 (UTC)
* I just performed two dummy edits to the infobox on 1607 Bristol Channel floods and the problem is with the duration parameter rather than the date parameter.Jason Rees (talk) 22:29, 30 January 2022 (UTC)
Nomination for deletion of Template:Infobox flood
Template:Infobox flood has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the entry on the Templates for discussion page. Noah, AATalk 15:08, 12 March 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
User:ShepBot/Birds/Without
''The following pages are believed to be missing pictures of birds in an infobox. It is possible that th article have an image outside of an infobox or that the article does not have an infobox at all.'' Article titles which contain the words/frgaments ornith, Club, Society, List, Journal, the WPBIO template on the respective article's talkpage, group, conservancy, and association have been removed. If you have a request for a word to filter just ask.
* Aachen Lacquer Shield Owl
* Abavornis
* Aberrant Bush-warbler
* Accipitriformes
* Aceh Pheasant
* Acre Antshrike
* Aepypodius
* Aerodramus
* Afghan Snowfinch
* African Golden Oriole
* African ground thrush
* African Long-eared Owl
* African Marsh Harrier
* African Owl
* African Rail
* African Reed-warbler
* African River Martin
* Ahanta Francolin
* Aiolornis
* Alagoas Foliage-gleaner
* Alan John (Jock) Marshall
* Alan Leishman
* Alaotra Grebe
* Albert's Lyrebird
* Alder Flycatcher
* Alectryon (mythology)
* Aleutian Tern
* Alexander Hugh Chisholm
* Alexornis
* Algerian Nuthatch
* Allan Reginald McEvey
* Allen's Gallinule
* Alpine Munia
* Altai Snowcock
* Altenburger Trumpeter
* Alula
* Amarambalam
* American Game (chicken)
* American Giant Runt
* American Show Racer
* Ammoperdix
* Anatalavis
* Ancient Murrelet
* Ancona (chicken)
* Andalgalornis
* Andalusian (chicken)
* Andaman Nightjar
* Andaman Scops Owl
* Andean Parakeet
* Andean Snipe
* Andrewsornis
* Angola Slaty Flycatcher
* Angus Hargreaves Robinson
* Anjouan Island Sparrowhawk
* Anjouan Scops Owl
* Annam Hill-partridge
* Ant-follower
* Antarctic Prion
* Antarctic Tern
* Anthropodyptes
* Anthropornis nordenskjoeldi
* Antillean Cave Rail
* Antillean Mango
* Antillean Nighthawk
* Antillean Palm Swift
* Anting (bird activity)
* Antioquia Brush-finch
* Antwerp Smerle
* Aphanotriccus
* Apolinar's Wren
* Appert's Tetraka
* Aquila (genus)
* Arabian Golden Sparrow
* Arabian Trumpeter
* Arabian Woodpecker
* Araripe Manakin
* Arborophila
* Archaeopsittacus
* Archaeospheniscus
* Archaeospheniscus lowei
* Archaeospheniscus wimani
* Archangel (pigeon)
* Archbold's Bowerbird
* Archibald George Campbell
* Archibald James Campbell
* Argas persicus
* Argus (bird)
* Armenian Gull
* Arnold Robert McGill
* Arthur Mattingley
* Ascension Night Heron
* Ash-throated Antwren
* Ashy-headed Laughingthrush
* Ashy-tailed Swift
* Ashy-throated Parrotbill
* Asian Desert Sparrow
* Asian Drongo-cuckoo
* Asian House Martin
* Asian Palm Swift
* Asil
* Asity
* Atitlán Grebe
* Atlantic Flyway
* Atlantic Petrel
* Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross
* Atlas Flycatcher
* Atlas of Australian Birds
* Attila (genus)
* Audubon's Oriole
* Audubon Coastal Center
* Augastes
* Austen's Brown Hornbill
* Australasian Yellow Oriole
* Australian Spotted
* Australorp
* Avian Brain Nomenclature Consortium
* Avian ecology field methods
* Avian incubation
* Avian pallium
* Avian range expansion
* Avian veterinarian
* Aviary
* Aviculture
* Avisaurus
* Aylesbury duck
* Azores Bullfinch
* Azure-crowned Hummingbird
* Azure-rumped Tanager
* Bahama Swallow
* Bahama Woodstar
* Balearic Shearwater
* Bali Duck
* Bambusicola
* Band-backed Wren
* Banded Bay Cuckoo
* Banded Kingfisher
* Banded Warbler
* Banded Wren
* Banggai Crow
* Bank Cormorant
* Bantam (chicken)
* Bar-backed Partridge
* Bar-breasted Firefinch
* Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike
* Bar Juchne
* Barau's Petrel
* Barawertornis
* Barb (feather)
* Barb (pigeon)
* Barbary Falcon
* Barbet
* Barbule
* Bardsey Bird and Field Observatory
* Barred Tinamou
* Barren Grounds Bird Observatory
* Bartlett's Tinamou
* Bat Falcon
* Bat Hawk
* Baudo Guan
* Beak
* Bearded Bellbird
* Bearded Guan
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* Beaudouin's Snake-eagle
* Beautiful Firetail
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* Beck's Petrel
* Belding's Yellowthroat
* Bendire's Thrasher
* Berlepsch's Parotia
* Berlepsch's Tinamou
* Berlin Short Faced Tumbler
* Bermuda Night Heron
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* Biak Megapode
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* Black-and-orange Flycatcher
* Black-backed Thornbill
* Black-bellied Firefinch
* Black-bellied Hummingbird
* Black-bellied Seedcracker
* Black-bellied Tern
* Black-bellied Thorntail
* Black-billed Brush-turkey
* Black-billed Capercaillie
* Black-billed Turaco
* Black-breasted Hillstar
* Black-breasted Puffleg
* Black-browed Fulvetta
* Black-capped Kingfisher
* Black-capped Pygmy-tyrant
* Black-capped Tinamou
* Black-cheeked Waxbill
* Black-chinned Fruit-dove
* Black-chinned Sparrow
* Black-collared Jay
* Black-crested Antshrike
* Black-crowned Tchagra
* Black-eared Miner
* Black-eared Wheatear
* Black-eared Wood-quail
* Black-faced Solitaire
* Black-faced Treepie
* Black-fronted Parakeet
* Black-fronted Piping-guan
* Black-fronted Wood-quail
* Black-headed Canary
* Black-headed Oriole
* Black-headed Saltator
* Black-hooded Oriole
* Black-hooded Sunbeam
* Black-lored Parrot
* Black-lored Tit
* Black-lored Waxbill
* Black-naped Monarch
* Black-naped Oriole
* Black-necked Weaver
* Black-rumped Waxbill
* Black-tailed Gnatcatcher
* Black-tailed Trogon
* Black-thighed Falconet
* Black-thighed Puffleg
* Black-throated Accentor
* Black-throated Bobwhite
* Black-throated Finch
* Black-throated Firefinch
* Black-throated Hermit
* Black-vented Shearwater
* Black-winged Lapwing
* Black-winged Stilts in Britain
* Black Caracara
* Black Curassow
* Black Harrier
* Black Inca
* Black Jay
* Black Lark
* Black Metaltail
* Black Partridge
* Black Racket-tailed Treepie
* Black Rosy Finch
* Black Storm-petrel
* Black Swift
* Black Tinamou
* Black Wheatear
* Blackish Cinclodes
* Blossomcrown
* Blue-backed Manakin
* Blue-backed Parrot
* Blue-chinned Sapphire
* Blue-eared Barbet
* Blue-faced Malkoha
* Blue-fronted Lorikeet
* Blue-fronted Parrotlet
* Blue-headed Fantail
* Blue-headed Racquet-tail
* Blue-rumped Parrot
* Blue-tailed Emerald
* Blue-tailed Hummingbird
* Blue-throated Goldentail
* Blue-throated Starfrontlet
* Blue Bonnet
* Blue Crow
* Blue Lorikeet
* Blue Quail
* Blue Swallow
* Blue Swedish duck
* Blyth's Hawk-eagle
* Bogota Sunangel
* Boissonneaua
* Bokhara Trumpeter
* Bolle's Pigeon
* Boluochia
* Bonin Grosbeak
* Bonin Nankeen Night Heron
* Bonin Thrush
* Bonin wood pigeon
* Bonn Convention
* Booted Warbler
* Bornean Peacock-pheasant
* Botteri's Sparrow
* Bougainville Thicketbird
* Bourbon Crested Starling
* Brace's Emerald
* Bradfield's Hornbill
* Braekel
* Brahma (chicken)
* Brazilian Merganser
* Brazilian Ruby
* Breeding Bird Survey
* Brehm's Tiger Parrot
* Bright-rumped Attila
* Bristled Grassbird
* British Birdwatching Fair
* British finches
* British Show Racer
* Broad-billed Parrot
* Broad-billed Sapayoa
* Broad-tipped Hermit
* Broadwing (bird of prey)
* Bronze-tailed Comet
* Bronze-tailed Thornbill
* Bronzy Hermit
* Bronzy Inca
* Brood parasite
* Brood patch
* Brown-backed Needletail
* Brown-backed Parrotlet
* Brown-backed Solitaire
* Brown-breasted Flycatcher
* Brown-capped Rosy Finch
* Brown-capped Vireo
* Brown-cheeked Fulvetta
* Brown-collared Brush-turkey
* Brown-hooded Parrot
* Brown Gerygone
* Brown Mesite
* Brown Tanager
* Brown Twinspot
* Brown Warbler
* Bruijn's Brush-turkey
* Brunner Pouter
* Brushland Tinamou
* Budapest Highflier
* Budapest Short Face Tumbler
* Budgerigar colour genetics
* Buff-bellied Hermit
* Buff-bellied Hummingbird
* Buff-breasted Paradise-kingfisher
* Buff-breasted Sabrewing
* Buff-breasted Sandpiper
* Buff-browed Chachalaca
* Buff-fronted Owl
* Buff-thighed Puffleg
* Buff-throated Partridge
* Buff Duck
* Buffy Tuftedcheek
* Bugun Liocichla
* Bukidnon Woodcock
* Bulo Burti Boubou
* Bush-warbler
* Buteogallus borrasi
* Buzzard
* Caerulean Paradise-flycatcher
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* Cameroon Scrub-warbler
* Camptostoma
* Canarian Black Oystercatcher
* Canary
* Canary-winged Finch
* Canary Islands Chiffchaff
* Canary Islands Quail
* Canyon Wren
* Cape Cormorant
* Cape Longclaw
* Cape Shelduck
* Cape Shoveler
* Cape Verde Swamp-warbler
* Caribbean Coot
* Caribbean Martin
* Carneau
* Carrier pigeon
* Carrizal Seedeater
* Caspian Plover
* Caspian Snowcock
* Cassin's Sparrow
* Cassin's Vireo
* Cauca Guan
* Caucasian Snowcock
* Cave Swallow
* Cayenne Nightjar
* Cayuga Duck
* Cecropis
* Central Flyway
* Chaco Nothura
* Chaco Owl
* Chalcophaps
* Chalybura
* Chamaepetes
* Charming Hummingbird
* Chatham Albatross
* Chatham Islands Fernbird
* Chatham Islands Penguin
* Chatham Islands Raven
* Checker-throated Antwren
* Checkered Woodpecker
* Cherrie's Tanager
* Cherry-throated Tanager
* Chestnut-backed Antbird
* Chestnut-backed Owlet
* Chestnut-backed Thrush
* Chestnut-bellied Guan
* Chestnut-bellied Hummingbird
* Chestnut-bellied Partridge
* Chestnut-breasted Negrofinch
* Chestnut-breasted Partridge
* Chestnut-capped Laughingthrush
* Chestnut-capped Thrush
* Chestnut-collared Swift
* Chestnut-crowned Bush-warbler
* Chestnut-headed Oropendola
* Chestnut-headed Partridge
* Chestnut-naped Francolin
* Chestnut-necklaced Partridge
* Chestnut-winged Chachalaca
* Chestnut Sparrow
* Chestnut Wood-quail
* Chestnut Woodpecker
* Chicken coop
* Chickenhawk (bird)
* Chihuahuan Raven
* Chilean Hawk
* Chilean Tinamou
* Chinese Crested Tern
* Chinese goose
* Chinese Goshawk
* Chinese Merganser
* Chinese Monal
* Chinese Owl
* Chiribiquete Emerald
* Chiroxiphia
* Chloropeta
* Choco Tinamou
* Chowchilla
* Christian Ludwig Landbeck
* Christmas Island Imperial-pigeon
* Christmas tree pests and weeds
* Cinderella Waxbill
* Cinnabar Hawk Owl
* Cinnamon-rumped Trogon
* Cinnamon-tailed Fantail
* Cinnamon-throated Hermit
* Cinnamon Bittern
* Cipo Canastero
* Citreoline Trogon
* Clapperton's Francolin
* Claravis (genus)
* Clutch (eggs)
* Cnemophilidae
* Cobb's Wren
* Cochabamba Mountain-finch
* Cockatiel colour genetics
* Cocos Island Finch
* Coiba Spinetail
* Colima Warbler
* Collared Crow
* Collared Plover
* Collared Puffbird
* Collared Redstart
* Colombian Grebe
* Colombian Tinamou
* Colorful Puffleg
* Colymbiformes
* Common Diving-petrel
* Comoro Scops Owl
* Companion parrot
* Concornis
* Conquered Lorikeet
* Conte Arrigoni degli Oddi
* Conure
* Coot
* Coppery-bellied Puffleg
* Coppery Emerald
* Coppery Metaltail
* Coppery Thorntail
* Cornish (chicken)
* Cornish game hen
* Corsican Nuthatch
* Corvida
* Coues' Gadwall
* Covert (feather)
* Cox's Sandpiper
* Cozumel Thrasher
* Crab Plover
* Craveri's Murrelet
* Cream-colored Woodpecker
* Cream Legbar
* Creance
* Crescent-chested Warbler
* Crescentchest
* Crest (bird)
* Crested Duck (domestic breed)
* Crested Francolin
* Crested Shelduck
* Crested Shrike-tit
* Crestless Curassow
* Crimson-fronted Barbet
* Crimson Shining-parrot
* Crow Honeyeater
* Crowned Cormorant
* Cuban Crow
* Cuban Kite
* Cuban Red Macaw
* Culmen (bird)
* Cultural depictions of ravens
* Curve-billed Reedhaunter
* Curve-billed Tinamou
* Cyanolyca
* Cyrtonyx
* D'Arnaud's Barbet
* Daito Varied Tit
* Damascene (pigeon)
* Danish Suabian
* Danzig Highflyer
* Dark-faced Ground-tyrant
* Dark-fronted Babbler
* Dark Chanting Goshawk
* Dark Pewee
* Darwin's Nothura
* Dasornis
* Daurian Partridge
* Dawn chorus (birds)
* Dawn Whyatt Frith
* De arte venandi cum avibus
* Dendroplex
* Dendrortyx
* Denis A. Saunders
* Derbyan Parakeet
* Desert Warbler
* Devincenzia
* Dewey Soper Migratory Bird Sanctuary
* Djibouti Francolin
* Domestic Canary
* Domestic goose
* Domestic Show Flight
* Domesticated guineafowl
* Donek
* Dot-winged Antwren
* Double-banded Argus
* Double-spurred Francolin
* Dragoon (pigeon)
* Dresden Trumpeter
* Drift migration
* Dromornis australis
* Drumming (snipe)
* Dunn's Lark
* Dusky Greenbul
* Dwarf Olive Ibis
* East Siberian Gull
* Eastern Canary Islands Chiffchaff
* Eastern Forest Robin
* Eastern Moa
* Edgar Alexander Mearns
* Egg tooth
* Egyptian Swift
* Elegant Quail
* Elegant Sunbird
* Elster Purzler
* Embden Goose
* Emlen funnel
* Endemic birds of Hawaii
* Endemic birds of southern Africa
* Enggano Scops Owl
* English Carrier
* English Long Face Tumbler
* English Pouter
* English Short Faced Tumbler
* English Trumpeter
* Erckel's Francolin
* Erect-crested Penguin
* Eremomela
* Ergaticus
* Erhard F. Boehm
* Estrildid finch
* Euler's Flycatcher
* Euphoniinae
* Evergreen Forest Warbler
* Eyles' Harrier
* Fairy Tern
* Fairy Warbler
* Falconiformes
* Falla's Petrel
* Fan-tailed Raven
* Fan-tailed Warbler (Parulidae)
* Fancy pigeon
* Fantail (pigeon)
* Fatu-liva
* Fatuhiva Monarch
* Fauna of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* Fawn-breasted Waxbill
* Fea's Petrel
* Fearful Owl
* Feather-plucking
* Felegyhazer Tumbler
* Feral parrots
* Ferruginous Partridge
* Finsch's Duck
* Finsch's Francolin
* Firebird (Slavic folklore)
* Firecrown
* Five-striped Sparrow
* Fledge
* Flightless bird
* Flock (birds)
* Flores Scops Owl
* Flufftail
* Flycatcher-thrush
* Flying Steamer Duck
* Flyway
* Forbes' Parakeet
* Forbes' Snipe
* Forest Bittern
* Forest Elaenia
* Forest falcon
* Forest Francolin
* Forest Raven
* Forest Wagtail
* Frances's Sparrowhawk
* French Mondain
* Frillback
* Fuerteventura Chat
* Furcula
* Fuscous Flycatcher
* Gabon Forest Robin
* Gaditano Pouter
* Galápagos Petrel
* Galápagos Shearwater
* Galbuliformes
* Gallinuloides
* Gallopheasant
* Gamebird hybrids
* Garden Emerald
* Gavin Wildridge Johnstone
* Georg Adolf Suckow
* Geositta
* German Beauty Homer
* German Colored Tail Owl
* German Modena
* German Nun (pigeon)
* Ghent Cropper
* Giant Conebill
* Giant Ibis
* Giant Ostrich
* Giuliani (turkey)
* Glaucis
* Glaucous Macaw
* Gleaning (birds)
* Glen Milton Storr
* Glossy-mantled Manucode
* Gluepot Reserve
* Gobipteryx
* Golden-olive Woodpecker
* Golden-throated Barbet
* Golden Masked-owl
* Golden Myna
* Golden Pipit
* Golden Swallow (bird)
* Goldfinch
* Gorgeted Puffleg
* Gorgeted Wood-quail
* Gough Island Moorhen
* Gould's Emerald
* Gould's Jewelfront
* Grace's Warbler
* Grackle
* Graja
* Granadino Pouter
* Grand Cayman Thrush
* Grant's Bluebill
* Gray-headed Kite
* Gray-rumped Swift
* Great Antshrike
* Great Thick-knee
* Great Xenops
* Greater Green Leafbird
* Greater Hoopoe-lark
* Green-and-rufous Kingfisher
* Green-backed Twinspot
* Green-billed Coucal
* Green-eared Barbet
* Green Avadavat
* Green Parakeet
* Green Racquet-tail
* Grenada Dove
* Grey-bellied Tesia
* Grey-breasted Hill-partridge
* Grey-breasted Parakeet
* Grey-breasted Spurfowl
* Grey-chinned Hermit
* Grey-faced Buzzard
* Grey-faced Liocichla
* Grey-headed Bulbul
* Grey-headed Dove
* Grey-headed Goshawk
* Grey-headed Oliveback
* Grey-headed Parakeet
* Grey-headed Tanager
* Grey-sided Bush-warbler
* Grey-striped Francolin
* Grey-winged Francolin
* Grosbeak
* Guadalcanal Thicketbird
* Guadalupe Junco
* Guadalupe Storm-petrel
* Guam Rail
* Guatemalan Screech-owl
* Guillemot
* Gular skin
* Gunnison Sage-Grouse
* Gurney's Eagle
* Gurney's Pitta
* Hack (falconry)
* Hainan Partridge
* Half-collared Kingfisher
* Hammond's Flycatcher
* Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds
* Handbook of the Birds of the World
* Harlequin Quail
* Harpagus (bird)
* Harry Frederick Recher
* Hartlaub's Francolin
* Harwood's Francolin
* Hastings Rarities
* Hawfinches in Britain
* Hawking (birds)
* Hawkins' Rail
* Heinroth's Shearwater
* Heligoland trap
* Heliomaster
* Helmet (pigeon)
* Helmet Vanga
* Helmeted Hornbill
* Helpers at the nest
* Henrik Grönvold
* Henry Lawrie Bell
* Henry Luke White
* Henry Norman Burgess Wettenhall
* Heronry
* Heuglin's Francolin
* Hieraaetus
* High vocal center
* Highland Tinamou
* Hill Partridge
* Himalayan Cuckoo
* Himalayan Swiftlet
* Hodgson's Bushchat
* Holle Cropper
* Homing pigeon
* Hooded Grebe
* Hooded Munia
* Hooded Parrot
* Hooded Seedeater
* Hooded Tinamou
* Hooded Wheatear
* Hook-billed Hermit
* Hoopoe Lark
* Horned Guan
* Huayco Tinamou
* Humphrey-Parkes terminology
* Hypothetical extinct species
* Ice Pigeon
* Ichthyophaga
* Ilbandornis
* Imperial Pheasant
* Indian Fantail
* Indian Ocean kestrels
* Indian Pitta
* Indian Runner Duck
* Indian Scimitar-babbler
* Indian Scops Owl
* Indian Swiftlet
* Indian White-rumped Vulture
* Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross
* Indigo-capped Hummingbird
* Indigo-winged Parrot
* Infectious bursal disease
* Inghams Enterprises
* Inguza
* Iquitos Gnatcatcher
* Iranian Highflying Tumbler
* ISA Brown
* Isabela Oriole
* Italian Owl
* IUCN Species Survival Commission
* Izu Leaf-warbler
* Jackson's Francolin
* Jamaica Petrel
* Japanese Cormorant
* Japanese Murrelet
* Japanese Paradise-flycatcher
* Japanese Robin
* Japanese Scops-owl
* Javan Scops Owl
* Javanese Lapwing
* Jerdon's Babbler
* Jerdon's Baza
* Jerdon's Courser
* Jizz (birding)
* Jocotoco Antpitta
* John Casimir Zichy Woinarski
* John Douglas Gibson
* John Hobbs
* John Michael Cullen
* John Neil McGilp
* John Warham
* Juan Fernández Firecrown
* Julian Ralph Ford
* Juniper Titmouse
* Kashmir Flycatcher
* Kaua'i Palila
* Keel (bird)
* Kelenken
* Kelp Goose
* Kerguelen Petrel
* Kerguelen Tern
* Khaki Campbell
* Kiev Tumbler
* Kimberley Pipit
* Kizylkumavis
* Kleptoparasitism
* Kosrae Island Crake
* Kosrae Island Starling
* Kuala Lumpur Bird Park
* Kui the Horseclaw
* Kuszholia
* La Flèche (chicken)
* Lahore (pigeon)
* Lance-tailed Manakin
* Laornis
* Large-billed Gerygone
* Large-billed Leaf-warbler
* Large-billed Reed-warbler
* Lateralization of bird song
* Lathrotriccus
* Lava Shearwater
* Layard's Warbler
* Least Storm-petrel
* Lectavis
* Lepidopyga
* Leptodon
* Lesley Brooker
* Leslie Gordon Chandler
* Lesser Sooty-owl
* Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture
* Limnofregata
* Liocichla
* Little Buttonquail
* Little Chachalaca
* Little Raven
* Little Woodpecker
* Liverpool Pigeon
* Locustfinch
* Loja Hummingbird
* Long-billed Black Cockatoo
* Long-billed Wren (New Zealand)
* Long-legged Warbler
* Long-tailed Paradigalla
* Long-tailed Wood-partridge
* Long-whiskered Owlet
* Longchengornis
* Longirostravis
* Loye and Alden Miller Research Award
* Lucerne Gold Collar
* Ludiortyx
* Luzon Scops-owl
* Macholophus
* Madagascar Grebe
* Madagascar Marsh Harrier
* Madagascar Partridge
* Madagascar Pochard
* Madagascar Red Owl
* Madeiran Storm-petrel
* Magdalena Tinamou
* Magellan Diving-petrel
* Magpie (pigeon)
* Malabar Trogon
* Malaita Fantail
* Malay (chicken)
* Malaysian Rail-babbler
* Malherbe's Parakeet
* Malia (bird)
* Mancallinae
* Mangrove Black Hawk
* Mangrove Finch
* Manipur Bush Quail
* Mantanani Scops Owl
* Marans
* Maroon-fronted Parrot
* Marquesan Imperial-pigeon
* Marsh Babbler
* Masafuera Rayadito
* Mascarene Coot
* Mascarene owls
* Mascarene Parrot
* Masillaraptor
* Masked Lovebird
* Matilda (chicken)
* Matthias Fantail
* Maui Nui Finch
* Mauritian Duck
* Mauritian Shelduck
* Mauritius Bulbul
* Mauritius Night Heron
* Mauritius Olive White-eye
* Mauritius Owl
* McConnell River Migratory Bird Sanctuary
* McKay's Bunting
* Mediterranean Shearwater
* Mees's Nightjar
* Megalurulus
* Melancholy Woodpecker
* Melanesian Scrubfowl
* Melaniparus
* Melanocharitidae
* Menetries's Warbler
* Mentawai Scops Owl
* Mesembriornis
* Mesitornis
* Messelirrisor
* Mew Gull
* Michael Brooker
* Micronesian Scrubfowl
* Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918
* Millerbird
* Mindanao Scops-owl
* Mindoro Bleeding-heart
* Mindoro Scops-owl
* Mississippi Flyway
* Mist net
* Modena (pigeon)
* Moho (genus)
* Moluccan Scops Owl
* Mongolian Finch
* Monteiro's Storm-petrel
* Moorland Francolin
* Mount Cameroon Francolin
* Mountain Buzzard
* Mountain Elaenia
* Mountain finch
* Mountain Scops Owl
* Moustached Warbler
* Murphy's Petrel
* Mysterious Starling
* N'kisi
* Nahan's Francolin
* Nanantius
* Narina Trogon
* Naung Mung Scimitar-babbler
* Near passerine
* Nēnē-nui
* Nest
* Nest box
* New Caledonian Crow
* New Caledonian Lorikeet
* New Caledonian Owlet-nightjar
* New Caledonian Rail
* New Guinea Scrubfowl
* New Zealand Fairy Tern
* New Zealand Owlet-nightjar
* New Zealand Raven
* New Zealand Robin
* New Zealand Stiff-tailed Duck
* New Zealand Swan
* Niam-niam Parrot
* Nicobar Parakeet
* Nightingale Reed-warbler
* Nihoa Millerbird
* Nimba Flycatcher
* Nine-primaried oscine
* Nocturnal Curassow
* Noguerornis
* Norfolk Starling
* North American landbirds in Britain
* North Island Takahē
* Northern Anteater-chat
* Northern Beardless Tyrannulet
* Northern Paradise-Whydah
* Northern Screamer
* Norwich Cropper
* Notable birding-related books of the 20th Century
* Nun (pigeon)
* Obscure Berrypecker
* Oceanic Eclectus Parrot
* Ocellated Quail
* Ochraceous Wren
* Ochre-bellied Flycatcher
* Odedi
* Old Dutch Capuchine
* Old Dutch Tumbler
* Old German Cropper
* Old German Owl
* Olivaceous Cormorant
* Oozlum bird
* Orange-breasted Falcon
* Orange-breasted Rock-jumper
* Orange-necked Partridge
* Orange River Francolin
* Oriental Frill
* Oriental Roller
* Oriental Scops-owl
* Orinoco Goose
* Ornate Hawk-eagle
* Ornate Tinamou
* Ortygospiza
* Ostrich feather dusters
* Ostrich leather
* Pachydyptes
* Pacific Dove
* Pacific Flyway
* Pacific Parakeet
* Pacific Screech Owl
* Pacific Swift
* Painted berrypecker
* Palaeeudyptes antarcticus
* Palaeeudyptes gunnari
* Palawan Scops-owl
* Pale-breasted Spinetail
* Pale-browed Tinamou
* Pale-footed Bush-warbler
* Pale-tailed Barbthroat
* Pale Flycatcher
* Paleopsilopterus
* Pallas's Fish-eagle
* Pallid Scops-owl
* Palm Crow
* Papuan Grassbird
* Paradise Parrot
* Parakeet
* Paraptenodytes brodkorbi
* Paraptenodytes robustus
* Pardaliparus
* Pardusco
* Parea
* Parlor Roller
* Parrot harness
* Partners in flight
* Passerae
* Patagonian Tinamou
* Patagopteryx
* Patagornis
* Peach-faced Lovebird colour genetics
* Pearl Kite
* Pecking order
* Pecten oculi
* Peg-billed Finch
* Pegu Sparrow
* Pekin (chicken)
* Pekin duck
* Pelargopsis
* Penguin sweater
* Perching duck
* Père David's Owl
* Pernambuco Pygmy-owl
* Pete Dunne
* Pezoporus
* Phasianus
* Philby's Partridge
* Philippine Hawk Owl
* Philippine Scops-owl
* Phoebe (bird)
* Phoenix (mythology)
* Phoenix Petrel
* Physornis
* Piapiac
* Pied Thrush
* Pierce Brodkorb
* Pigeon keeping
* Pigmy Pouter
* Pile-builder Megapode
* Pin feather
* Pinioning
* Pink-headed Fruit-dove
* Pink-throated Twinspot
* Pish
* Pitohui
* Plain-winged Woodcreeper
* Plain Swift
* Plantcutter
* Plumage
* Pohnpei Fantail
* Pohnpei Starling
* Polarornis
* Polish (chicken)
* Poltava (chicken)
* Polynesian Megapode
* Poultry
* Pouter
* Primolius
* Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory
* Pririt Batis
* Proardea
* Procariama
* Proornis
* Prophaethon
* Protea Canary
* Providence Petrel
* Przevalski's Partridge
* Przewalski's Finch
* Pseudaptenodytes
* Pseudibis
* Pseudonestor
* Psittacine beak and feather disease
* Puerto Rican Bullfinch
* Puerto Rican Lizard-Cuckoo
* Puerto Rican Vireo
* Puffinus
* Puna Tinamou
* Purple-naped Lory
* Purple-throated Sunangel
* Purple-winged Ground Dove
* Putting biodiversity on the map: priority areas for global conservation
* Pygmy goose
* Pygoscelis tyreei
* Pygostyle
* Pygostylia
* Pyrilia
* Pyrrhula
* Pytilia
* Quailfinch Indigobird
* Quebracho Crested Tinamou
* Queen Whydah
* Quelea
* Querandiornis
* Quercypsitta
* Racing Homer
* Rain Quail
* Rajah Scops Owl
* Ramphotrigon
* Ramsar Convention
* Rangle
* Raven in mythology
* Razor-billed Curassow
* Recurve-billed Bushbird
* Red-bellied Paradise-flycatcher
* Red-billed Brush-turkey
* Red-billed Francolin
* Red-billed Partridge
* Red-breasted Partridge
* Red-faced Mousebird
* Red-faced Pytilia
* Red-footed Plumeleteer
* Red-fronted Tinkerbird
* Red-legged Tinamou
* Red-lored Whistler
* Red-shouldered Vanga
* Red-tailed Blue-and-yellow Macaw
* Red-throated Lorikeet
* Red-winged Francolin
* Red Sea Swallow
* Reddish Scops Owl
* Redpoll
* Resident bird
* Reunion cuckoo-shrike
* Réunion Fody
* Réunion Harrier
* Réunion Kestrel
* Réunion Night Heron
* Réunion Owl
* Réunion Pink Pigeon
* Réunion Red-and-green Parakeet
* Réunion Sacred Ibis
* Réunion Shelduck
* Réunion Swamphen
* Reversewing Pouter
* Rhynchokinesis
* Ridgen's Penguin
* Ring-necked Francolin
* Ringed Teal
* Rio Napo Screech-owl
* River martin
* Rock Bush Quail
* Rodrigues Grey Pigeon
* Rodrigues Night Heron
* Rodrigues Owl
* Rodrigues Rail
* Roller (pigeon)
* Rothschild's Lobe-billed Bird of Paradise
* Rouen duck
* Royal Cinclodes
* Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher
* Ruddy Treerunner
* Rueck's Blue-flycatcher
* Rufous-and-white Wren
* Rufous-bellied Seedsnipe
* Rufous-breasted Wren
* Rufous-fronted Wood-quail
* Rufous-legged Owl
* Rufous-throated Partridge
* Rufous-winged Sparrow
* Rufous Gnateater
* Russet-capped Tesia
* Russet-throated Puffbird
* Rustic Bunting
* Rusty Thicketbird
* Rusty Tinamou
* Ryukyu Kingfisher
* Ryukyu Robin
* Ryūkyū Scops-owl
* Saint Croix Macaw
* Saipan Jungle Fowl
* Salvadori's Teal
* Salvin's Curassow
* Samoan Wood Rail
* San Benedicto Rock Wren
* San Cristóbal Vermilion Flycatcher
* Sandy Scops-owl
* Sangihe Hanging Parrot
* Sangihe Scops Owl
* São Tomé Grosbeak
* Saxon Fairy Swallow
* Saxon Field Pigeon
* Sazavis
* Scaly-breasted Munia
* Scaly-breasted Partridge
* Scaly Francolin
* Scandaroon (pigeon)
* Scaniornis
* Schlegel's Francolin
* Schoenicola
* Schrenck's Bittern
* Scops-owl
* Seabird colony
* Sebastopol Goose
* See-see Partridge
* Seedsnipe
* Serbian Highflier
* Serendib Scops Owl
* Severtzov's Grouse
* Sex Link
* Seychelles Warbler
* Sharpbill
* Shelley's Francolin
* Short-billed Pigeon
* Short-tailed Grasswren
* Short-tailed Magpie
* Short-tailed Pygmy-tyrant
* Siberian Thrush
* Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy
* Sichuan Partridge
* Sicilian Buttercup (chicken)
* Sillem's Mountain Finch
* Silvered Antbird
* Simeulue Scops Owl
* Singing Quail
* Sinoto's Lorikeet
* Sittiparus
* Slaty-backed Thrush
* Slaty-bellied Tesia
* Slaty-breasted Tinamou
* Slaty antshrike
* Slaty Antwren
* Slaty Bristlefront
* Small Whitethroat
* Snowcap
* Snowy-breasted Hummingbird
* Socorro Mockingbird
* Socotra Cormorant
* Socotra Sparrow
* Sokoke Scops Owl
* Solomon Islands Frogmouth
* Somali Sparrow
* Songzia
* Sooty-capped Babbler
* Sooty Barbthroat
* South German Monk
* South German Shield
* South Texas Birds
* Southeast Partners in Flight
* Southern Beardless Tyrannulet
* Southern Grey-headed Sparrow
* Speckled Teal
* Spectacled Owl
* Spectacled Petrel
* Speculum feathers
* Spot-bellied Bobwhite
* Spot-winged Wood-quail
* Spotted Kestrel
* St Helena Cuckoo
* St Helena Swamphen
* St. Andrew Vireo
* St. Helena Crake
* Stagonopleura
* Standard-winged Nightjar
* Steely-vented Hummingbird
* Stejneger's Petrel
* Stiles's Tapaculo
* Stomach oil
* Storrs L. Olson
* Stralsunder Highflier
* Strasser (pigeon)
* Streak-breasted Treehunter
* Streaked Reed-warbler
* Streaked Shearwater
* Stresemann's Bush Crow
* Stripe-backed Wren
* Stripe-breasted Spinetail
* Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker
* Stripe-headed Sparrow
* Stubble Quail
* Sula Scrubfowl
* Sulawesi Golden Owl
* Sulawesi Scops Owl
* Sulphur-breasted Parakeet
* Sultan Tit
* Sumatran Whistling-thrush
* Sunda Scops-owl
* Superb Pitta
* Supercilium
* Surniculus
* Sverdlovsk blue-gray mottle-headed pigeon
* Swainson's Francolin
* Swainson's Sparrow
* Swierstra's Francolin
* Swinhoe's Storm-petrel
* Synthliboramphus
* Syrinx (biology)
* Szegediner Highflier
* Tabon Scrubfowl
* Tacarcuna Wood-quail
* Táchira Antpitta
* Taczanowski's Tinamou
* Tadorninae
* Tahiti Reed-warbler
* Taita Thrush
* Taiwan Firecrest
* Taiwan Partridge
* Australian Performing Tumbler
* Australian Saddleback Tumbler
* Australian Swiftlet
* Banded Lapwing
* Barking Owl
* Birds of Ashmore Reef
* Birds of Australia
* Birds of Heard and McDonald Islands
* Birds of Macquarie Island
* British Birds Rarities Committee
* Buff-breasted Buttonquail
* Cereopsis novaehollandiae grisea
* Christmas Island Frigatebird
* Cranes of Great Britain
* Emuarius
* Fauna of Scotland
* Hugh Alastair Ford
* Jiro Kikkawa
* Kalkadoon Grasswren
* Kangaroo Island Emu
* Keith Alfred Hindwood
* Little Shearwater
* Masked Finch
* Mistletoebird
* Red-browed Pardalote
* Red-eared Firetail
* Regent Honeyeater
* Tanimbar Scrubfowl
* Tarsometatarsus
* Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch
* Tawny-breasted Tinamou
* Tawny-chested Flycatcher
* Teal
* Telmatornis
* Temminck's Sunbird
* Tenerife Goldcrest
* Tepui Tinamou
* Thamnornis Warbler
* The Druridge Bay curlew
* The Great Speckled Bird (song)
* The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne
* Thick-billed Flowerpecker
* Thicket Tinamou
* Threnetes
* Thuringen Field Pigeon
* Tibetan Sandgrouse
* Tickell's Leaf-warbler
* Tinamotis
* Tinamou
* Tinamus
* Tippler
* Tit-like Dacnis
* Titicaca Flightless Grebe
* Togian White-eye
* Tooth-billed Hummingbird
* Torrent Tyrannulet
* Townsend's Shearwater
* Tricoloured Munia
* Trinidade Petrel
* Tristan Albatross
* Tristan Moorhen
* Trocaz Pigeon
* Tuamotu Sandpiper
* Tufted Flycatcher
* Turbit
* Turner's Eremomela
* Tytthostonyx
* Udzungwa Forest-partridge
* Uncinate processes of ribs
* Unicolored Jay
* Unspotted Saw-whet Owl
* Upper Magdalena Tapaculo
* Ural striped maned pigeon
* V formation
* Valencian Figurita
* Valenticarbo
* Vanuatu Megapode
* Vaux's Swift
* Vegavis
* Venezuelan Wood-quail
* Vieillot's Barbet
* Vienna Highflier
* Violet-bellied Hummingbird
* Violet-capped Hummingbird
* Voorburg shield cropper
* Vorona
* Wake Island Rail
* Wallace's Hanging Parrot
* Wallace's Scops Owl
* Walter Faxon
* Waterfowl
* Wattle (anatomy)
* Wattled Brush-turkey
* Wattled Guan
* Wedge-rumped Storm-petrel
* Wedge-tailed Jery
* West of England Tumbler
* Western Corella
* Western Whipbird
* Whistling Dove
* White-backed Mousebird
* White-bellied Antbird
* White-bellied Emerald
* White-bellied Heron
* White-bellied Treepie
* White-breasted Mesite
* White-breasted Wood-Wren
* White-capped Dipper
* White-cheeked Partridge
* White-collared Kite
* White-crested Kalij Pheasant
* White-eared Ground-Sparrow
* White-eyed River Martin
* White-faced Hill-partridge
* White-fringed Antwren
* White-fronted Scops-owl
* White-headed Flightless Steamer Duck
* White-naped Swift
* White-necked Crow
* White-necked Rockfowl
* White-rumped Needletail
* White-shouldered Ibis
* White-shouldered Tanager
* White-throated Flowerpecker
* White-throated Francolin
* White-throated Hawk
* White-throated Screech-owl
* White-winged Guan
* White-winged Magpie
* White-winged Sandpiper
* Wigeon
* Wing
* Wire-tailed Swallow
* Woodhouse's Antpecker
* World Birding Center
* World Parrot Trust
* World Series of Birding
* Worthen's Sparrow
* Wrenthrush
* Wyleyia
* Xanthomixis
* Xantus's Hummingbird
* Xantus's Murrelet
* Xenoperdix
* Xestospiza
* Yandangornis
* Yanornis
* Yariguies Brush-finch
* Yelkouan Shearwater
* Yellow-bellied Fantail
* Yellow-bellied Siskin
* Yellow-bellied Sunbird-asity
* Yellow-billed Kingfisher
* Yellow-breasted Flycatcher
* Yellow-breasted Magpie
* Yellow-browed Bulbul
* Yellow-eared Parrot
* Yellow-eyed Black Flycatcher
* Yellow-fronted Barbet
* Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird
* Yellow-fronted White-eye
* Yellow-green Vireo
* Yellow-legged Buttonquail
* Yellow-rumped Munia
* Yellow Bishop
* Yellow Tyrannulet
* Yellowhead (bird)
* Yemen Parisoma
* Yungavolucris
* Zapata Rail
* Zapata Sparrow
* Zelda (turkey)
* Zeltornis
* Zhylgaia
* Zhyraornis
* Zino's Petrel
* Zitterhall | WIKI |
Edward V of England
Posted on 4th January 2021
Edward was born on 2 November 1470 in Westminster Abbey, the son of King Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. At the time of his birth, the King was in exile in Flanders, following the brief restoration of Henry VI to the English throne.
After regaining his throne in 1471 and eliminating his enemies, Edward IV named his son Edward, Prince of Wales; he then sent him to live with his mother at Ludlow Castle where he became the nominal president of the Council of Wales and the Welsh Marches.
While at Ludlow Castle Edward was placed under the supervision of the Queens brother Anthony, Earl Rivers. Edward IV had been very specific about the education of his son.
In 1480 Edward was betrothed to four-year-old Anne, heiress to Francis II, Duke of Brittany. They were to be married when they reached their majority.
It was while at Ludlow Castle that Edward learnt of the death of his father. Edward IV died on 9 April 1483 and his son became Edward V in April 1483 aged twelve.
Reign 1483 - 1483
In his will, Edward IV had named his brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester as Protector of the Realm. He believed that Gloucester would be the best person to protect his son’s position, however Gloucester cared nothing for the young Edward V, he only wanted to secure the throne for himself.
Edward V left Ludlow Castle and made his way to London under the supervision of Earl Rivers and Sir Richard Grey. They stopped at Stony Stratford in Buckinghamshire, where they met and dined with Richard, Duke of Gloucester.
The following morning Earl Rivers, Richard Grey and Thomas Vaughan were arrested on the orders of the Duke of Gloucester, sent north and executed. Gloucester’s plan to gain the throne for himself had started. He now escorted Edward to London.
On 19 May 1483 Gloucester placed Edward to live in the Tower of London, sending his brother Richard, Duke of York to join him. At this time, the Tower of London was both a palace and a prison.
Gloucester claimed that Edward IV’s marriage to Elizabeth Woodville was invalid as he had already been engaged to Lady Eleanor Butler; this would make Edward V and his brother Richard, Duke of York illegitimate, therefore not legal heirs to the throne of England.
Parliament agreed with Gloucester, stripped Edward V of his title and Richard, Duke of Gloucester became King Richard III of England on 26 June 1483.
The Tower of London was now a prison for the two children. Over time, they were seen less and less in public, finally disappearing completely months later. Nobody knows for certain what happened to the Princes in the Tower, as they became known; however, it is believed they were murdered by their uncle King Richard III.
Tagged as: Junior Middle Ages
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Cogers
The Society of Cogers is a free speech society, established in 1755 in the City of London. It is the oldest debating society in the world and one of the oldest speaking gatherings of any kind.
History and concept
The name "Cogers" comes from Descartes' famous assertion, Cogito ergo sum (I think, therefore I am). As a "Society of Thinkers", the Cogers is dedicated to the philosophy of letting everyone express their thoughts. The aims of the Cogers were the promotion of the liberty of the subject and the freedom of the Press, the maintenance of loyalty to the laws, the rights and claims of humanity and the practice of public and private virtue.
The first meeting in 1755 was at the White Bear Inn (now St Brides Tavern), Fleet Street. Meetings were held on Saturday evenings.
In around 1850 it moved to Discussion Hall, Shoe Lane, and in 1871 migrated to the Barley Mow Inn, Salisbury Square, E.C.1, where it remained until the 1960s. Attendances went into decline during the 1970s and 80s. By the mid-90s, the original society had split into two rival factions.
In July 1997 Magnus Nielsen opened a third meeting in Cornhill on the 2nd Monday of each month. This meeting has now moved location to the Old Bank of England in the Strand. The two Saturday night societies have since closed.
Previous members and visitors to the society include founding member John Wilkes, Charles Dickens, William Ewart Gladstone, Benjamin Disraeli, Daniel O'Connell, and many others throughout its 250-year history.
Format
Members meet monthly at pubs in the centre and outside London and begin the evening by having an impartial host rounding up the current affairs of the last month. Then all participants may take turns to have their own five minutes on the podium expressing their views as to what, what's not, and what not on any subjects they feel they would like to bring to the evening. It may be reactions to the previous speakers or their own topics.
The meetings are chaired by the "Grand", who maintains order and also regulates the timing of speeches. The meeting starts with an "Opener", who gives a 15-minute résumé, inviting topics for discussion.
At the end of the evening the traditional "Apple of Discord" is presented by the "Evaluator" to the best speaker of the evening to the speaker who throughout the evening brought the greatest contribution, whether that be thoughtful, entertaining, controversial or outstanding. Participants also have the opportunity to get tips from the evaluator on what their strengths and potentials are.
Venues
* City of London Cogers, Ye Olde Cocke Tarvern, Fleet Street, 7pm, 2nd Monday each month. Near the Royal Courts of Justice and Chancery Lane.
* Westminster Cogers, The Plumbers Arms, Lower Belgrave Street, 7pm, 4th Wednesday each month. Just near Victoria Station.
* Ware Society of Cogers, The Drill Hall, Amwell End, Ware, 3rd Tuesday each month
* San Francisco Society of Cogers, The University Club, Nob Hill, 1st Tuesday each month.
Related
* 🇬🇧: Sylvan Debating Club
* 🇬🇧: Cambridge Union Society
* 🇬🇧: Oxford Union Society
* 🇬🇧: The Durham Union Society
* 🇬🇧: London School of Economics, Grimshaw International Relations Club
* : Yale Debate Association
* : Berkeley Forum
* 🇫🇷: Olivaint Conférence
* 🇩🇪: Studentenforum im Tönissteiner Kreis
* 🇧🇪: Olivaint Conference of Belgium | WIKI |
Page:The life and times of King Edward VII by Whates, Harry Richard 1.djvu/19
CHAPTER I
BIRTH AND INFANCY
HE High and Mighty Prince Lord Edward the Seventh, by the Grace of God King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and of the Dominions Oversea, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India, passed from Life in the sixty-ninth year of his age and the tenth of his reign. He spent his last breath in Buckingham Palace shortly before midnight on the 6th of May, 1910, in an apartment quite close to that in which he first saw the light at eleven in the morning of the 9th of November, 1841. His reign was short but momentous. It opened a new era in international relations, in Imperial development, in Constitutional growth, in domestic policies. He was a man of remarkable personal qualities, beloved in life, deeply and universally mourned in death. Opportunity to display the full power of his gifts was denied him; for he was struck | WIKI |
India’s Air Pollution Rivals China’s as World’s Deadliest
NEW DELHI — India’s rapidly worsening air pollution is causing about 1.1 million people to die prematurely each year and is now surpassing China’s as the deadliest in the world, a new study of global air pollution shows. The number of premature deaths in China caused by dangerous air particles, known as PM2.5, has stabilized globally in recent years but has risen sharply in India, according to the report, issued jointly on Tuesday by the Health Effects Institute, a Boston research institute focused on the health impacts of air pollution, and the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, a population health research center in Seattle. India has registered an alarming increase of nearly 50 percent in premature deaths from particulate matter between 1990 and 2015, the report says. “You can almost think of this as the perfect storm for India,” said Michael Brauer, a professor of environment and health relationships at the University of British Columbia and an author of the study, in a telephone interview. He cited the confluence of rapid industrialization, population growth and an aging populace in India that is more susceptible to air pollution. Pollution levels are worsening in India as it tries to industrialize, but “the idea that policy making should be led by government is lacking,” Bhargav Krishna, manager for environmental health at the Public Health Foundation of India, a health policy research center in New Delhi, said in an interview. As air pollution worsened in parts of the world, including South Asia, it improved in the United States and Europe, the report said, crediting policies to curb emissions, among other things. The report’s website that provides country-by-country data on pollution levels and the health and mortality effects. Environmental regulations in the United States and actions by the European Commission have led to substantial progress in reducing fine particulate pollution since 1990, the report said. The United States has experienced a reduction of about 27 percent in the average annual exposure to fine particulate matter, with smaller declines in Europe. Yet, some 88,000 Americans and 258,000 Europeans still face increased risks of premature death because of particulate levels today, the report said. A fraction of the width of a human hair, these particles can be released from vehicles, particularly those with diesel engines, and by industry, as well as from natural sources like dust. They enter the bloodstream through the lungs, worsening cardiac disease and increasing the risk of stroke and heart failure, in addition to causing severe respiratory problems, like asthma and pneumonia. The report offers good news globally, in some ways. Although deaths caused by air pollution grew to 4.2 million in 2015 from 3.5 million in 1990, the rate of increase of about 20 percent was slower than the rate of the population rise during that time. That’s because of improved health care in many parts of the world, as well as public policy initiatives undertaken in the United States, Europe and other regions that reduced emissions from industrialization, the authors of the study said in telephone interviews. China also offers an encouraging sign. Premature deaths from particulate matter each year have stabilized at around 1.1 million since 2005, the report said. Still, that is an increase of 17 percent since 1990, when it was a little more than 945,000. The health effects of the ultrafine particles are still being studied and the full effects are only beginning to be understood, said Majid Ezzati, a global environmental health professor at the Imperial College, London. “These studies are hard to do, and isolating the effects of air pollution is hard,” Dr. Ezzati said. “The numbers are still dynamic and nobody should claim an exact number of deaths is known.” But if he were an Indian citizen, he said, “I’d say, ‘Let’s not sit there and do nothing about it. Let’s not be exposed to it today as more research is being done.’” Although few studies of the health problems brought by air pollution are based in India, Dr. Ezzati said, “it’s hard to imagine air pollution that is bad for people in London is not bad for people in India.” Neither India’s environment minister nor its environment secretary could be reached for comment Monday evening. Robert O’Keefe, vice president at the Health Effects Institute, said China’s trajectory on deaths from air pollution had stabilized as a result of the country’s efforts to reduce air pollution. India, on the other hand, had yet to undertake sustained public policy initiatives to reduce pollution, said Gopal Sankaranarayanan, an advocate at the Supreme Court of India who successfully petitioned it to ban licenses to sell fireworks in the New Delhi metropolitan area last year. Fireworks during the festival of Diwali contributed to hazardous levels of air pollution late last year. Weak environmental regulation in India, he said, leaves India’s citizens with few alternatives other than to petition the courts to take action to protect the public’s health. But the courts often lack the power or mechanisms to enforce their actions, he said. India’s environmental court, the National Green Tribunal, ordered farmers to stop burning their crops in the region around New Delhi in 2015, but the practice still continued last year. Smoke from the farm fires contributed about one quarter of the levels of the most dangerous air pollution in the Indian capital, environmental experts said. “If you can’t enforce the directives of the courts — it becomes a problem,” Mr. Sankaranarayanan said. “We need practical solutions to save lives here in India.” | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Moel Penderyn
Moel Penderyn is a hill on the edge of Penderyn village, in the Brecon Beacons National Park in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taff, south Wales. It also appeared on older maps as 'Y Foel Penderyn'. Its summit at 371m is marked by a trig point.
Moel Penderyn is in the Dyffrynnoedd Nedd a Mellte, a Moel Penderyn biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Geology
The hill is formed from both Carboniferous Limestone rocks and the overlying Twrch Sandstone (former 'Basal Grit') of the Marros Group (former 'Millstone Grit Series'), also of Carboniferous age. It lies along the east-northeast to south-southwest aligned Neath Disturbance, a geological structure associated with the Caledonian Orogeny which locally comprises both a major fault and two tight anticlinal folds.
Industrial remains
The remains of tramways skirt the eastern flanks of the hill and a former tramway incline can still be seen to rise up towards a quarry which once worked deposits in the centre of the hill. Disused quarries working both limestone and gritstone adorn its eastern and northern sides.
Access
The hill is open country and therefore available for walkers to wander at will. Additional access is provided by a public bridleway along its southern flanks and a public footpath between Penderyn village and the waterfall of Sgwd yr Eira on its northeastern edge. | WIKI |
Template:Swatch
{{documentation|content= This template generates a color swatch box floating to the right margin.
Parameters
* 1) The color code in any notation supported by CSS.
* 2) Height of the swatch box, defaults to 100 pixels.
* 3) Width of the swatch box, defaults to 162 pixels.
* 4) or title: The caption of the color box, defaults to the color code. | WIKI |
Starting Another X Server with Different Locale – Ubuntu
Hi,
While playing with quemu+lfslivecd under ubuntu, I came to know about the following commands which sets the locale environment for a linux system(atleast for lfslivecd). Using the following steps, I’ll share the commands and start a new X server with the modified environment.
1. Press ‘ctrl+alt+F1’ to go to virtual terminal 1 or ‘tty1′(To switch back to current gnome session, use ‘ctrl+alt+f7’). Login to that terminal with different userid then the current userid who already logged into current gnome session.
2. type the following command to set the timezone. you can see the timezone data file in /usr/share/zoneinfo/posix/{continent}/{country} where {continent} is the name of your continent like ‘Europe’, ‘Asia’ etc., and {country} is your country name. This file should be pointed by TZ environment variable. The below command will change Timezone to ‘Europe/Spain’.
$ export TZ="Europe/Spain"
$ date
The date command will show the date according to the new timezone.
3. ‘localedef’ command is used to create binary definitions in /usr/lib/locale directory from /usr/share/i18n/ directory, the ‘i18n’ directory contains ‘charmaps’ directory which contains encodings(like ‘UTF-8’ etc). ‘i18n’ also contains ‘locales’ directory which contains definitions for locales. ‘localedef’ will use these two directories to generate a definiton for particular language termed in ‘{LANG}_{COUNTRY}.{ENCODING}'(eg: es_ES.utf8 – means language code ‘es'(spanish), country ‘ES'(spain) and encoding in ‘utf8’). The following command will compile language definition for spanish language in ‘utf8’ encoding.
$ sudo localedef -f UTF-8 -i es_ES --no-archive es_ES.utf8'
$ locale -a | grep 'es_ES.utf8'
‘locale -a’ will show whether language definition added or not.
4. Now we are ready to change the LANG variable, this variable is used by all ‘glibc’s language aware’ applications to switch their output to a particular language, the ourput strings for a particular application for a particular language should be available in ‘{application}.mo’ file inside /usr/share/locale/{LANG}/LC_MESSAGES directory(Distros provide ‘.mo’ files through language specific packages). Now switch the glibc applications to spanish using the following command,
$ export LANG="es_ES.utf8"
$ locale
‘locale’ command will tell the current language.
5. Finally start a new X server using the following command with modified locale. You can switch back to old X server using ‘ctrl+alt+F7’. To switch to new X server, use ‘ctrl+alt+F9′(or ‘ctrl+alt+F10’ if it started in ‘tty10’ virtual terminal)
$ startx -- :1 -br -audit 0 -nolisten tcp
At first, it will ask to change the name of the directories to suite the new language, don’t rename unless you always going to work in the new locale environment.
6. Once you done, ‘Logout’ from the New X server(new gnome session), it will stop the newly started ‘X server’ and put you in ‘tty1’ virtual terminal. ‘exit’ command will exit you from the tty1 terminal. Finally, switch back to old X server’s gnome session using ‘ctrl+alt+F7’.
Thats all. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:British Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fresh-water Fishes.djvu/32
BRITISH REPTILES and the body scales smooth. The average length is given as 24 inches, the male being the shorter of the two sexes. As in the case of the Grass Snake, an obnoxious secretion is emitted for the purpose of defence. The first authentic record of this rare British species dates from 1853, when a specimen was secured in Dorset. Although of fierce disposition, the Smooth Snake only possesses minute teeth, and is a harmless species. True, it possesses two fang-like processes right at the back of the jaws, but it has been suggested that these may serve the purpose of more securely holding its prey which might otherwise be able to make good its escape.
ORDER LACERTILIA, OR LIZARDS Slow Worm.—Anguis fragilis (Fig. 5). This Snake-like Lizard—for such it is in spite of its misleading English name — belongs to the Family Anguidæ. It is the sole representative of its genus, and has acquired its specific name of fragilis because, when handled, it has the habit of not only becoming quite rigid, but if doubled up or struck, it snaps, or breaks, in two. Indeed when in this rigid state its body can be broken into several small pieces. Although it does not occur in Ireland, it is a familiar object in England, Scotland, and Wales, but it often escapes detection because of its fondness for 16 | WIKI |
User:Jay.noah.sealth
Coming from Sirius B. Son of SkySphere and EarthSphere. Strong as an Oak thanks to the Nature of his Noble HeartSphere. His karma was the Roman Perch, His dharma is the Shaman Dog of the sacred mountains of Four Corners.
Now it's Jay, remembering the beauty of Blue Jay from the lakes and mountains of the Pacific Northwest. Noah as his beloved daughter Noa, his little Love, Sealth, like his beloved son Asier, his little King.
The Wings of the Angel of God.
¸,.•´¨`•.( -.- ).•´¨`•.,¸
Together they shape the current name of Jay Noah Sealth in memory of Chief Seattle's first environmental manifesto, from his real name Noah Sealth.
He is still in love with the woman who is still waiting, that Swan he so often observed from the trees on Lake, Heart Lake near Mount Shasta, so Master Saint Germain is guiding him through the clues and trials to get together and merge with his Twin Flame, the Swan that represents True Love and the sacred connection of two souls that were born to give a message of Love and hope in this New World that is awakening.
Amense Namaste
Peace & Love & Rock!
Jay Noah Sealth © 2018 All rights reserved. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. | WIKI |
damon-faq-logo.png
Most people who are thinking of improving their smiles with orthodontic treatment would like their treatment to be fast, comfortable, convenient, and discreet. All these things (and more) are possible with the Damon System of braces we have here at Clifton & Mauney. Through the use of self-ligating or “tie-less” brackets, Damon braces can move teeth faster and more comfortably than standard braces. Since the brackets use what’s called “sliding door” technology to hold the archwire in place, Damon braces never need tightening, which means there are fewer orthodontic appointments to schedule, for treatment that’s very convenient.
Below are some of the most frequently asked questions about Damon braces that can help you decide if this is the right treatment for you or your child.
What makes treatment with Damon braces different from treatment with regular braces?
A: Traditional treatment often requires the removal of healthy teeth and/or the use of palatal expanders to make space. This treatment approach is often uncomfortable, takes longer, and can leave a narrower arch and a flat facial profile. Damon takes a clinically-proven treatment approach that comfortably aligns the teeth and enhances facial aesthetics, usually without the need for extractions or expanders.
Q: How long would I have to wear Damon braces?
A: There is no set answer to that question as it all depends upon the severity of your orthodontic problem. Once our Hillsborough orthodontist has examined your teeth and bite, we’ll let you know how long you can expect to be in treatment. We can tell you that treatment with Damon braces is typically much faster than treatment with conventional braces, plus you’ll have more free time during treatment as there are fewer orthodontic appointments to make.
Q: Since Damon braces work so quickly, are they hard on the teeth or unsafe to wear?
A: Absolutely not. Damon braces are fast because gentle, low-friction, biologically-sensible forces are used to safely move teeth.
Q: Are Damon braces unsightly and bulky?
A: No. Damon braces feature small brackets with smooth rounded surfaces that makes treatment both discreet and comfortable.
Q: Can adults be treated with Damon braces?
A: Absolutely! Many of our patients wearing Damon braces are adults who really appreciate how discreet, fast, and comfortable treatment is with these modern braces.
Q: How much does the Damon System cost?
A: We understand that cost is a concern for anyone considering orthodontic treatment. However, we cannot give you a specific answer to that question as the cost of your treatment with Damon braces will depend on several things like the severity of your orthodontic problem, how long your treatment will take, and the type of Damon braces you choose. We can tell you that the cost of Damon braces is similar to the cost of traditional braces. Once our Hillsborough orthodontist has developed your customized treatment plan, we’ll tell you exactly how much your treatment will cost before you start treatment.
Q: What payment options do you offer?
A: Whether your child needs to see our Hillsborough pediatric dentist or you want to improve your smile with our orthodontic treatment, we never want finances to stop your family from getting the pediatric dentistry or orthodontic care you need! That’s why we offer many payment options at our practice and will work closely with you to help you choose the right way to pay for the treatment you need.
Contact Your Local Chapel Hill & Hillsborough Orthodontist
If the idea of improving your smile quickly and comfortably with Damon braces has you excited, then it’s time to visit us for a complimentary orthodontic evaluation! To schedule your first visit with us, call our office at (919) 933-1007 or complete the appointment request form on our website. We look forward to seeing you soon and helping you improve the appearance and health of your smile! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
US I HOMEWORK 05
These questions are designed to prepare you for Exam #2, which will be based on the short answers and essays you submit for homework.You should submit complete, detailed answers so you can use the homework assignment to help you prepare for the exam.
I will correct and grade your homework and return it to you so you will know if you missed something before you take the exam.You will lose points for submitting incomplete homework.
Short Answers:Write a brief paragraph for each term that explains who, what, when, where, how, why, and the significance of each of the following terms.
Essays:Write an essay that answers each of the following questions.Write a separate essay for each topic.
1.Discuss the government of the United States under the Articles of Confederation.What were the Articles of Confederation?What type of government did they put in place? Explain.What were the financial problems the Confederation government confronted and what were their solutions? What was the land policy of the Confederation government and what plans did it adopt? What was Shays’ Rebellion and why did it occur? What was the result of the Rebellion?
2. Discuss the Constitutional Convention of the United States.What were the fundamental issues on which the members of the Convention agreed? What was the Virginia Plan? What was the New Jersey Plan? What was the Connecticut Compromise? What was the issue of slavery and what did the members of the Convention decide to do about slavery and the slave trade?What were the issues involving the separation of powers and how were they resolved? What were the powers and limitations of the president? What powers did Congress have, in addition to those mentioned already? What were the powers and limitations of the judicial branch of government? What was the system of checks and balances? How was the Constitution to be amended? | FINEWEB-EDU |
blob: 677067c93dc12398d61b85611e03c1313284c68a [file] [log] [blame]
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#
# Copyright (c) 2020 Project CHIP Authors
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
import argparse
import multiprocessing
import os
import subprocess
import sys
from pathlib import Path
CHIP_ROOT_DIR = os.path.realpath(
os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '../..'))
def checkPythonVersion():
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
print('Must use Python 3. Current version is ' +
str(sys.version_info[0]))
exit(1)
zapFilesToSkip = {
# examples/chef/sample_app_util/test_files/sample_zap_file.zap is
# not a real .zap file; it's input to generating .zap files. So
# the path to zcl.json in it is just wrong, and we should skip it.
"examples/chef/sample_app_util/test_files/sample_zap_file.zap",
}
def getTargets():
ROOTS_TO_SEARCH = [
'./examples',
'./src/darwin',
'./src/controller/data_model',
'./scripts/tools/zap/tests/inputs',
]
targets = []
for root in ROOTS_TO_SEARCH:
for filepath in Path(root).rglob('*.zap'):
path = str(filepath)
if path in zapFilesToSkip:
continue
targets.append(path)
return targets
def runArgumentsParser():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='Convert all .zap files to the current zap version')
parser.add_argument('--run-bootstrap', default=None, action='store_true',
help='Automatically run ZAP bootstrap. By default the bootstrap is not triggered')
parser.add_argument('--parallel', action='store_true')
parser.add_argument('--no-parallel', action='store_false', dest='parallel')
parser.add_argument('--dry-run', action='store_true', dest='dry_run')
parser.set_defaults(parallel=True)
parser.set_defaults(dry_run=False)
return parser.parse_args()
def convertOne(target):
"""
Helper method that may be run in parallel to convert a single target.
"""
subprocess.check_call(['./scripts/tools/zap/convert.py'] + [target])
def main():
args = runArgumentsParser()
checkPythonVersion()
if args.run_bootstrap:
subprocess.check_call(os.path.join(CHIP_ROOT_DIR, "scripts/tools/zap/zap_bootstrap.sh"), shell=True)
os.chdir(CHIP_ROOT_DIR)
targets = getTargets()
if args.dry_run:
for target in targets:
print(f"Should convert {target}")
sys.exit(0)
if args.parallel:
# Ensure each zap run is independent
os.environ['ZAP_TEMPSTATE'] = '1'
with multiprocessing.Pool() as pool:
for _ in pool.imap_unordered(convertOne, targets):
pass
else:
for target in targets:
generateOne(target)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main() | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Signs of progress in childhood obesity fight – The Chart - CNN.com Blogs
After decades of warnings about the rapidly rising rate of childhood obesity, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has some good news. A new report from the CDC suggests we've made some progress in the fight against childhood obesity in the nation's youngest children - specifically those from low-income families. Researchers analyzed data from approximately 12 million children between the ages of 2 and 4 who participate in federally funded nutrition programs. Data from 40 states, Washington, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico were included in the Vital Signs report. Nineteen of the states and the U.S. Virgin Islands saw a small but significant decline in preschoolers' obesity rates between 2008 and 2011, according to the CDC. Three states - Colorado, Pennsylvania and Tennessee - saw a slight increase over the same time period, and the rest remained stagnant. Utah, Wyoming, Louisiana, Texas, Maine, Delaware, Alaska, Oklahoma, Virginia and South Carolina were not included in the report due to inconsistencies or changes in data reporting. It's a bright spot for our nation's young kids, but the fight is very far from over, CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden said.An estimated one out of every eight preschoolers in the United States is obese, according to the CDC report. The numbers are higher in African-American and Hispanic populations, at one in five and one in six, respectively. Children who are overweight or obese as preschoolers are five times more likely to be overweight or obese as adults, Frieden said. This can increase their risk for health problems such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes and stroke. Government initiatives such as the first lady's Let's Move! program have tried to encourage child-care providers to offer outside play opportunities, reduce screen time and serve fresh fruit and vegetables at every meal. They've also tried to eliminate fried foods and sugary drinks from young kids' diets. While the CDC cannot prove that programs like these are making a difference, Frieden said, it's obvious that something has changed. Today's announcement reaffirms my belief that together, we are making a real difference in helping kids across the country get a healthier start to life, First Lady Michelle Obama said in a statement. We could not be more encouraged by the progress we have made, but we have a long, long way to go before we can rest and know the next generation is on a much healthier path, said Sam Kass, executive director of Let's Move! and the White House's senior policy adviser on nutrition. We will take this moment to double down on our efforts and really see this through. Previous smaller studies have shown similar declines in other child populations, Frieden said, but this is the largest national data system that exists. He said the CDC is confident that the declines shown in these 19 states are a sign of a national downward trend. Obesity rates among low-income preschoolers steadily increased between 1990 and peaked in 2007 at close to 15%. They have since flatlined. This is the first sign of a turning point. Obesity is a complex problem, and we know addressing it isn't going to be quick or simple, Frieden said. It's not going to turn on a dime. This is a very good tips especially to those new to blogosphere, brief and accurate information… Thanks for sharing this one. 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Transplastomic plants can handle high-yield production of recombinant biopharmaceutical proteins. manifestation
Transplastomic plants can handle high-yield production of recombinant biopharmaceutical proteins. manifestation of fragment C of tetanus toxin (TetC). Biomass was expanded under a variety of aeration prices for 3 20 and 40-day time durations. Development mitochondrial activity (a viability sign) and TetC proteins yields had been correlated against the hydrodynamic guidelines shear price and energy dissipation price (per?kg of moderate). A crucial aeration price of 440?ml?min?1 was identified corresponding to a shear price of 96.7?s?1 pneumatic power insight of 8.8?mW?kg?1 and preliminary 20-day time pneumatic energy dissipation of 127?J?kg?1 of which significant reductions in biomass build up and mitochondrial activity were observed. There is an exponential decrease in TetC produces with XR9576 raising aeration prices at 40?times across the whole KPSH1 antibody range of circumstances tested. These XR9576 observations have essential implications for the scale-up and optimisation of transplastomic plant tissue culture bioprocesses for biopharmaceutical production. organogenesis Hydrodynamics Pneumatic energy dissipation 1 The usage of vegetation for the heterologous manifestation of biopharmaceutical protein known as ‘molecular farming’ can be emerging instead of founded microbial and mammalian hosts in XR9576 latest years [1] [2] [3] [4]. There are many great things about XR9576 molecular farming. Vegetation can handle the manifestation of an array of mammalian protein including monoclonal antibodies restorative enzymes blood protein cytokines development factors and human hormones [4]. Just like mammalian cells vegetation is capable of doing post-translational modifications necessary for proteins practical activity including folding disulphide relationship formation subunit set up proteolysis and glycosylation [4]. Therefore vegetable ethnicities may be considered much like conventional mammalian cell ethnicities such as for example CHO cells [4]. Vegetation usually do not human being pathogens and unlike bacterias usually do not make endotoxins [5] harbour. Hence proteins production in plant life may provide extra basic safety margins and fewer regulatory hurdles in comparison to mammalian and microbial hosts. Inside the field of molecular farming several genetic and mobile engineering approaches have already been attemptedto enhance product produces and help bioprocessing of plant-made protein. Chloroplasts the website of oxygenic photosynthesis in plant life participate in a course of organelles referred to as plastids. Plastids possess their very own genome a dual stranded round DNA molecule of 130-160?kb containing 120-130 genes [6]. ‘Transplastomics’ identifies the genetic change from the plastid genome generally for heterologous appearance and localisation of international proteins within chloroplasts. The benefit of proteins appearance in transplastomic plant life is the showed high capability of chloroplasts to overexpress and accumulate international proteins offering high product produces [7]. That is because of polyploidy with around 100 chloroplasts per leaf cell filled with a complete of 10 0 copies of plastid DNA [8]. Plastids are maternally inherited though low-level leakages of transgenes in pollen may occur [9]. Transplastomic plants usually do not give absolute basic safety against ‘gene air XR9576 pollution’ although if harvested in cell suspension system tissue lifestyle or fully-contained greenhouses could be part of a built-in biosafety technique [10]. Historically analysis efforts in to the establishment and scientific advancement of plant-made biopharmaceuticals possess focussed on agricultural cultivation of soil-based plant life perhaps because of relatively high proteins yields simple cultivation and low in advance expenditure [11] [2]. But also for large-scale commercial creation of plant-made biopharmaceuticals bioprocessing routes predicated on biomass development in bioreactors are getting advocated [12]. Advantages of approaches consist of GMP (‘great manufacturing practice’) creation decreased variability in item yields in comparison to earth propagation better control and standardisation of procedure circumstances and improved biosafety through fully-contained biomass XR9576 development. There has ended 50 many years of technology in the bioprocessing of place cell suspension civilizations historically for the formation of active substances (supplementary metabolites) though they are today being followed for appearance of proteins biopharmaceuticals [13] [4] [14]. Despite decades of bioprocess optimisation low recombinant protein yields certainly are a main limitation of cell suspension culture [15] even now. Lifestyle of differentiated shoots is Recently. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Euroman Cometh
Euroman Cometh is the debut solo album by the Stranglers' bassist J.J. Burnel, released in April 1979 by United Artists. It is a concept album, as most of the songs concern the ideal of a united Europe, both culturally and economically. Upon release, the album was a contrast to the more melodic songs of the Stranglers, containing what Pat Gilbert of Record Collector describes as "a collection of dark, atmospheric soundscapes, embroidered with Burnel's intense, monotone theorising about a united Europe."
Release
Despite a mixed critical reception, Euroman Cometh reached number 40 in the UK Albums Chart in April 1979. The track "Freddie Laker (Concorde and Eurobus)" was released as a single on 13 April 1979, backed with the non-album track "Ozymandias". Though being the most Stranglers-like track on the album, the single did not chart.
Music and lyrical themes
Musically, Euroman Cometh was an attempt at incorporating electronic sounds into rock. "I was quite a big Kraftwerk fan already by then," Burnel said in 2009. "I was also a Can fan right from a teenager. So I liked that metronomic sort of thing and I then put my own slant on it because I was playing most of the instruments in the studio." Lyrically, it evolved around the idea of a United States of Europe in the context of the Cold War. "A Europe riddled with american values and soviet subversion is a diseased sycophantic old whore: a Europe strong, united and independent is a child of the future", states Burnel on the inner sleeve.
"Freddie Laker (Concorde and Eurobus)" is a rant against big business and Americans, and a homage to British airline entrepreneur Freddie Laker, "who epitomised the lengths the Americans would go to fuck over the European," Burnel said in 2009. According to Stuart Bolton, writing for The Burning Up Times magazine, "Euromess" is not "purely an anti-Soviet rant but more a pro-European call for solidarity." It is also a lament for Jan Palach, the Czech student who burned himself to death after the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Warsaw Pact armies.
However, not every song relates directly to Europe or the past. "Jellyfish" relates to having a broad mind, accommodating ideas and not being narrow. And the album's cover song, "Pretty Face", isn't linked to the European idea at all. "It doesn't really have any bearing on the rest of the album," Burnel said, "it was just a track I loved." Keeping in line with the European concept, the vocals on Euroman Cometh are sung in English, French ("Euroman", "Tout Comprendre") and German ("Deutschland Nicht Uber Alles").
The album title, Burnel believes, may have come from the 1946 play The Iceman Cometh by Eugene O'Neill.
Recording
The initial work on the album began at TW Studios in London during the recording of the Stranglers' Black and White album in February 1978. Without a home at the time, Burnel was mostly spending the night in the studio, and each night after the Stranglers sessions, he would write and record. He would use a beatbox machine which had different settings, such as rock and roll, salsa, and rumba. "All these different rhythms [where] you couldn't change the single pattern, but you could speed it up," he said. "It was a similar thing they'd put into organs at the time." With no pre-written songs, Burnel found it useful, creatively, to record basslines or guitar parts over a rhythm and building it up from there. "So very quickly I built up a little body of work and I thought, "oh God, I'm halfway to an album, I might as well carry on." The Stranglers' record label United Artists then agreed to issue the album. Guest musicians were Peter Howells of the Drones (drums on tracks three, five and six), track nine featured Brian James of the Damned (guitar), Lew Lewis (harmonica) and Carey Fortune of Chelsea (drums). All other instruments were played by Burnel.
Album cover
The album cover features a photograph of the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, which officially opened in 1977. It was chosen for the album cover because it was architecturally grandiose, representing modernity and radical new thinking.
Printed on the sleeve is a tribute to the Meriden Motorcycle Co-operative that manufactured Triumph motorcycles between 1976 and 1983. The tribute reads, "The Triumph Workers Co-operative at Meriden have proved that personally motivated enterprise coupled with group interest is a necessary ingredient in successful socialism and the sham they call nationalisation could only be suggested and perpetrated by enemies of the people." The engine of Burnel's 750cc Triumph Bonneville T140, manufactured by the Meriden Co-operative, is heard during the track "Triumph (Of the Good City)", forming the basis of the song's percussion.
Aftermath
To promote the album, Burnel assembled the Euroband, containing Peter Howells, keyboardist Penny Tobin (ex-Nick Lowe's Last Chicken in the Shop) and guitarist John Ellis (ex-the Vibrators), for a UK tour all through April. With a 45-minute set featuring no Stranglers songs, the tour suffered from poor ticket sales, resulting in three gigs being cancelled. The band's performance at the Pavilion in Hemel Hempstead on 25 April was recorded, and included as bonus tracks on two reissues of Euroman Cometh.
"I thought [Euroman Cometh] was quite poppy and people said it was off the wall and leftfield but I didn’t see it in those terms," Burnel said in 2009. In 2015, he said, "It was an experiment and a way of passing the time of night. It was as also bit of a manifesto. I was a big fan of the concept of a united Europe ... I still think it's one of the great ideas of our times but I am wary of the bureaucracy and the bad elements of it but as a pure concept it's a great concept."
By the 2010s, Euroman Cometh had sold close to 100,000 copies. Peter Hook, bassist with New Order, considers the album to be one of his greatest influences.
Reissues
Euroman Cometh was reissued by EMI in 1992 and by Eastworld Recordings in 1998. Both reissues include a 35 minutes live recording as bonus tracks.
Track listing
* "Pretty Face" is a cover of a song by 1960s British R&B group the Beat Merchants.
1992 and 1998 reissue bonus tracks
Note: The 1992 reissue did not include "Ozymandias", only the nine live tracks.
* Tracks 13-21 were recorded live at the Pavilion in Hemel Hempstead on 25 April 1979.
Personnel
Adapted from the original album liner notes. Adapted from the 1998 reissue liner notes, except where noted.
* Musicians
* J.J. Burnel – vocals, keyboards, guitar, bass, beatbox
* Peter Howells – drums (tracks 3, 5 and 6)
* Brian James – guitar (track 9)
* Lew Lewis – harmonica (track 9)
* Carey Fortune – drums (track 9)
* Technical
* J.J. Burnel – producer, mixing, sleeve concept
* Alan Winstanley – producer, engineer (except tracks 2 and 8)
* Martin Rushent – producer, engineer (tracks 2 and 8), mixing
* George Peckham – mastering
* Allan Ballard – photography of Pompidou Centre, Paris
* Tracy Gerard – inner sleeve map
* Kevin Sparrow – design co-ordination
* Live bonus tracks
* J.J. Burnel – vocals, bass, arrangements, producer
* John Ellis – guitar
* Penny Tobin – keyboards
* Peter Howells – drums
* Alan Winstanley – recording engineer
* Gareth Cousins – mixing | WIKI |
Virtual Reality is NOT the same as Augmented Reality
Original article published on LinkedIn
Contrary to some recent assertions, there is a significant difference between Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. Here’s a quick guide:
1. Augmented Reality (AR)
There are actually two kinds – real and “pretend.”
• Real AR is the superimposition of digital objects into a real-time video stream of a live environment, such that the digital object is scaled properly, and is anchored or tied into the video stream in a contextually and geometrically meaningful way. A good example of this is the WayfairView app from furniture retailer Wayfair, where users can use a tablet with this app to visualize digital images of furniture placed in correct proportions into their actual physical spaces, such as their living room.
• Pretend AR is the superimposition of digital objects into a real-time video stream of a live environment, such that the digital object is not linked to the scale of the physical world, and the digital object is simply triggered by some event or data (such as a GPS coordinate.) A good example of this is the Pokemon Go app from Niantic, Inc., in which users can search for imaginary Pokemon characters, and when they “find” them, the character appears superimposed on the video stream from their smartphone camera.
• The digital objects in either real or pretend AR can be images or 3D models of a physical object, or they can also be other data (such as video, audio, numbers – e.g.outside temperatures, or coordinates, or text data, such as names of buildings.)
2. Virtual Reality (VR)
When users are “placed” into a digital/virtual representation of a physical environment (from the real word or computer generated, or a combination of both) so that they can look at, and even explore this digital world much the same as they would in the real world, this experience is known as Virtual Reality. VR usually involves a headset of some kind (either with a built in vision system and dedicated computer or simply with the user’s smartphone as the display and compute system) to create what’s known as “immersion”. This has the effect of providing a similar view as if the user were in that environment, and when they move their head, they see the space as if they had looked in that direction in the “real” world. Examples include the Google Cardboard, which allows users to use their own smartphones in a headset experience, and the Oculus Rift, which is a high definition headset that connects to an external computer.
Usually, the VR experience includes a multi-sensory process (both visual and auditory – seeing the space and hearing associated sounds in concert with each other) and may also involve some interaction (allowing the user to select certain objects or take actions.) This is common in many VR games, where the user can “drive” a car or “fire” a weapon, and the application reacts appropriately to that user action.
Post-Script: There is another application type, the 360 degree video, which is often confused with AR or VR. A 360 video is a video of an actual (real life) scene that is taken with multiple cameras/lenses pointed in every direction at the same time. The effect is to give the viewer the option to “turn” in any direction and see the action unfold from that perspective, in real-time. An example of a 360 video is shown here. The user can pan across the video using the mouse (or touching the screen on a tablet or phone) while the action continues. There is usually no interactivity in this kind of video, other than the user changing the viewing perspective.
By Gavin Finn, President & CEO.
Learn more about Kaon Interactive’s Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Solutions today!
This entry was posted in CEO Corner, Uncategorized and tagged , , , , , , , , , . Bookmark the permalink.
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Connecting to %s | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
CVE-2023-34362
critical
Description
In Progress MOVEit Transfer before 2021.0.6 (13.0.6), 2021.1.4 (13.1.4), 2022.0.4 (14.0.4), 2022.1.5 (14.1.5), and 2023.0.1 (15.0.1), a SQL injection vulnerability has been found in the MOVEit Transfer web application that could allow an unauthenticated attacker to gain access to MOVEit Transfer's database. Depending on the database engine being used (MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, or Azure SQL), an attacker may be able to infer information about the structure and contents of the database, and execute SQL statements that alter or delete database elements. NOTE: this is exploited in the wild in May and June 2023; exploitation of unpatched systems can occur via HTTP or HTTPS. All versions (e.g., 2020.0 and 2019x) before the five explicitly mentioned versions are affected, including older unsupported versions.
References
https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa24-207a
https://www.tenable.com/blog/cve-2024-5806-progress-moveit-transfer-authentication-bypass-vulnerability
https://www.tenable.com/blog/cve-2024-4358-cve-2024-1800-exploit-code-available-for-critical-exploit-chain
https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/2023-zero-day-trends
https://www.tenable.com/blog/cve-2024-0204-fortra-goanywhere-mft-authentication-bypass-vulnerability
https://www.tenable.com/blog/faq-for-moveit-transfer-vulnerabilities-cve-2023-34362-and-cl0p-ransomware-gang
https://www.tenable.com/blog/cve-2023-34362-moveit-transfer-critical-zero-day-vulnerability-exploited-in-the-wild
https://community.progress.com/s/article/MOVEit-Transfer-Critical-Vulnerability-31May2023
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173110/MOVEit-SQL-Injection.html
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172883/MOVEit-Transfer-SQL-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html
Details
Source: Mitre, NVD
Published: 2023-06-02
Updated: 2024-08-14
Risk Information
CVSS v2
Base Score: 10
Vector: CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
Severity: Critical
CVSS v3
Base Score: 9.8
Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Severity: Critical | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Featured list candidates/List of accolades received by The Batman (film)/archive1
* The following is an archived discussion of a featured list nomination. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the article's talk page or in Wikipedia talk:Featured list candidates. No further edits should be made to this page.
The list was archived by PresN via FACBot (talk) 00:25, 19 July 2023 (UTC).
List of accolades received by The Batman (film)
* Nominator(s): Chompy Ace 15:14, 1 July 2023 (UTC)
Massive cleanup allows me to nominate this list in a similar layout to List of accolades received by Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2. Chompy Ace 15:14, 1 July 2023 (UTC)
* Comments
* "Made on a production budget of $185–200 million budget2 - repetition of "budget"
* "At the 76th British Academy Film Awards, the film received was nominated for" - at least one stray word in there
* "at the Grammy Awards's 59th ceremony." => "at the Grammy Awards' 59th ceremony." (plural nouns just take an apostrophe for the possessive, not an apostrophe +s)
* Two of the awards are shown as going to "Colin FarrellColin Farrell" -- ChrisTheDude (talk) 07:11, 2 July 2023 (UTC)
* , done. Chompy Ace 07:22, 2 July 2023 (UTC)
* Support -- ChrisTheDude (talk) 20:28, 2 July 2023 (UTC)
until further notice, so I do not want any more questions during my inactivity. Chompy Ace 01:28, 16 July 2023 (UTC)
* Pamzeis (talk) 08:54, 18 July 2023 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Page:The history of Mr. Polly.djvu/147
By a characteristic feat of subtraction he decided that he must have spent sixty-two pounds.
“Funererial baked meats,” he said, recalling possible items.
The happy dream in which he had been living of long warm days, of open roads, of limitless unchecked hours, of infinite time to look about him, vanished like a thing enchanted. He was suddenly back in the hard old economic world, that exacts work, that limits range, that discourages phrasing and dispels laughter. He saw Wood Street and its fearful suspenses yawning beneath his feet.
And also he had promised to marry Miriam, and on the whole rather wanted to.
He was distraught at supper. Afterwards, when Mrs. Johnson had gone to bed with a slight headache, he opened a conversation with Johnson.
“It’s about time, O’ Man, I saw about doing something,” he said. “Riding about and looking at shops, all very debonnairious, O’ Man, but it’s time I took one for keeps.”
“What did I tell you?” said Johnson.
“How do you think that corner shop of yours will figure out?” Mr. Polly asked.
“You’re really meaning it?”
“If it’s a practable proposition, O’ Man. Assuming it’s practable. What’s your idea of the figures?”
Johnson went to the chiffonier, got out a letter and tore off the back sheet. “Let’s figure it out,” he said with | WIKI |
Author Profile Altaf Shaikh
Altaf Shaikh
BE Engg | Python Dev | Content Writer | Founder of TeachMeBro | Blockchain Dev | Django
What is git ?
April 3rd 2020 681
What is git ?
What is git ?
In the previous tutorial we have learned and understand what Github is and about its interface and how to use it. In this tutorial we will learn about Git and what is a version control system. So let's get started.
What is git?
Git is a free and open-source distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency. Git is easy to learn and has a tiny footprint with lightning-fast performance. Git was initially designed and developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel development. This tutorial explains how to use Git for project version control in a distributed environment.
So let's see what do we mean by version control system.
Version Control System
Version Control System (VCS) is a software that helps software developers to work together and maintain a complete history of their work.
Listed below are the functions of a VCS −
• It allows developers to work simultaneously.
• Maintains a history of every version.
• It does not allow overwriting each other’s changes.
Following are the types of VCS −
• Centralized version control system (CVCS).
• Distributed/Decentralized version control system (DVCS).
Centralized Version Control
Centralized version control systems are based on the idea that there is a single “central” copy of your project somewhere (probably on a server), and programmers will “commit” their changes to this central copy. There are quite a lot of tools available to meet this need, including Perforce, Mercurial, SVN are examples of centralized version control.
Distributed Version Control System
A centralized version control system (CVCS) uses a central server to store all files and enables team collaboration. But the major drawback of CVCS is its single point of failure, i.e., failure of the central server. Unfortunately, if the central server goes down for an hour, then during that hour, no one can collaborate at all. And even in a worst-case, if the disk of the central server gets corrupted and proper backup has not been taken, then you will lose the entire history of the project. Here, a distributed version control system (DVCS) comes into the picture.
DVCS clients not only check out the latest snapshot of the directory but they also fully mirror the repository. If the server goes down, then the repository from any client can be copied back to the server to restore it. Every checkout is a full backup of the repository. Git does not rely on the central server and that is why you can perform many operations when you are offline. You can commit changes, create branches, view logs, and perform other operations when you are offline. You require a network connection only to publish your changes and take the latest changes.
Advantages:
Distributed model: This means your work is your own. You can let others see only what is necessary. Not everything has to be public. There are other advantages to the distributed model, such as the speed (since most everything is local) and possibility of working offline
Branching and merging are easy: Branching is a walk in the park. It feels like a natural part of the workflow. They are cheap (fast and consume very little space) so that you can branch whenever you want. This means you can sandbox your features and ideas till they are ready for the mainstream.
Workflow is flexible: Compared to Centralized VCS, git has the qualities that allow you to choose your own workflow.
Data integrity is assured: Because git uses SHA1 trees, data corruption due to external reasons can be easily detected.
Security: Git uses a common cryptographic hash function called secure hash function (SHA1), to name and identify objects within its database. Every file and commit is check-summed and retrieved by its checksum at the time of checkout. It implies that it is impossible to change file, date, and commit message and any other data from the Git database without knowing Git.
Icing on the cake:
Fast: Git is very fast, even when compared to other DVCS, for local as well as network operations
Staging area: Make sure your commits have logically grouped changes and not everything else you are working on.
Free: I am sure you don't want to spend 450$ for your personal project. Your manager will appreciate it if you save him N x 450$
Disadvantages:
• Steep learning curve: Many commands with many options, some commands are non-intuitive and need a level of understanding the internals of git, commands and arguments are inconsistent to some degree
• Binary files are a big no: If your project has non-text files that are updated frequently (images for websites or MS Office documents), then git becomes bloated and slow. (I believe it still does better than most systems)
That’s it!! In the next tutorial, we will see how to install and configure git on your system.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Production team (China)
A production team was formerly the basic accounting and farm production unit in the people's commune system in People's Republic of China from 1958 to 1984.
In the administrative hierarchy, the team was the lowest level, the next higher levels being the production brigade and people's commune. Typically the team owned most of the land and was responsible for income distribution. Since 1984 production teams have been replaced by village group.
In late 1960, the unit of accounting through which labor and income were allocated was devolved from the people's commune to the production brigade. In many cases, these brigades corresponded to the high level agricultural producers' cooperatives that had preceded the people's communes. In 1962, the unit of account was further devolved to the production team, which remained the unit of account until agricultural was totally decollectivized between 1979 and 1982. | WIKI |
Siavash (name)
Siavash is an Iranian male given name. It was popularized by Siyâvash or Siyavash , a legendary prince who is a major figure in Ferdowsi's epic, the Shahnameh.
Notable people with the name Siavash, Siyâvash, or various other transliterations from Persian/Azerbaijani languages include:
Given Name
* Siyawush, Iranian officer who served as the head of the Sasanian army during the second reign of the Sasanian shah Kavad I (r. 498–531)
* Siyavakhsh, Iranian aristocrat from the House of Mihran who was descended from Bahram Chobin, the famous spahbed of the Sasanian Empire
* Siavash Akbarpour, Iranian football player and coach
* Siavash Alamouti, Iranian scientist
* Siavash Daneshvar, Iranian activist
* Siavash Ghomayshi, Iranian musician, singer and song writer
* Siavash Hagh Nazari, Iranian professional footballer
* Siavash Kasrai, Iranian poet, literary critic and novelist
* Siavash Shahshahani, Iranian mathematician
* Siavash Shams, Iranian singer, songwriter, record producer
* Siavash Yazdani, Iranian professional footballer
* Siyâvush Beg Gorji, Iranian illustrator of Georgian origin
* Siyavush Novruzov, Azerbaijani politician
Surname
* Baktash Siawash, Afghan Politician | WIKI |
IV hydration and altitude sickness woman backpacking through Colorado
How IV Hydration Can Help Combat Altitude Sickness in Denver
Whether you’re a local or are visiting for leisure or work, no one wants altitude sickness in Colorado. Mobile IV Hydration is a fast and effective way to combat the symptoms of altitude sickness in your home, office, or hotel AirBnB in Denver.
What Is Altitude Sickness?
Altitude sickness, also called high-altitude sickness or acute mountain sickness, is a temporary condition that can develop in individuals who travel to high altitude environments. This condition happens when a person exerts themselves at a higher altitude than they are accustomed to before acclimating to the environment.
Why do high altitudes affect the body? There are lower oxygen levels and lower air pressure at high altitude levels. Even though your body increases your breathing and heart rate to oxygenate your blood, your body is still working with less oxygen than it is used to. When your blood oxygen levels become too low, you can develop altitude sickness.
Since Colorado has the highest overall elevation of any state, it’s no surprise that altitude sickness is a common occurrence. In fact, 50% of people in one study developed mountain sickness above 8000 feet. Anyone – especially people who are not acclimated to high-altitude environments – can get mountain sickness. Your age, gender, training, and fitness levels do not necessarily decrease your chances of developing this condition.
High-altitude environments are generally considered to be above 8000 feet. The average elevation of Colorado is 6800 feet, with over five-hundred mountain ranges above 13,000 feet in elevation.
The biggest risk factor for altitude sickness is your rate of ascent compared to your overall altitude. People who have previously had altitude sickness are at a higher risk of developing this condition. People who live at lower elevations are also at a higher risk.
There are many ways that acute (sudden and temporary) mountain sickness can manifest, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe.
• Mild altitude sickness is characterized by nausea and/or vomiting, headache, fatigue, a lack of appetite, weakness, and insomnia. These symptoms generally go away on their own within a couple of days.
• Moderate altitude sickness includes the same symptoms as mild; however, they may not improve with medication. Moderate mountain sickness can also include symptoms such as disorientation and ataxia (a decrease in or loss of coordination).
• Severe altitude sickness includes conditions such as high-altitude pulmonary edema (where fluid gathers in the lungs) and high-altitude cerebral edema (where fluid gathers on the brain). Both of these types of altitude sickness require an immediate descent as well as medical attention. Severe altitude sickness is characterized by a shortness of breath at rest, coughing, a bluish skin color, frothy and/or bloody sputum (mucus from the lungs), confusion, or loss of consciousness.
Altitude sickness is temporary since your body’s cardiovascular system quickly adapts to exercising and working in the low-oxygen environment. Although mild altitude sickness generally resolves on its own within a couple of days, severe symptoms require an immediate descent. A person whose symptoms are mild but do not improve with rest must also promptly descend to a lower altitude.
Low blood oxygen can contribute to more problems than just altitude sickness. You can learn more about how low blood oxygen affects the body here.
The Connection Between Altitude and Dehydration
So, how does hydration play into high-altitude environments and mountain sickness? First, let’s talk about altitude and dehydration.
Higher altitudes cause you to dehydrate faster, often without realizing it. When you are at a higher altitude, your hunger and thirst decreases. The less you drink, of course, the easier it is to get dehydrated.
If you are visiting Colorado, there’s a good chance you will be hiking or climbing. When you are exercising, your body will use water that much faster. Dry mountain air and often-cold temperatures at higher altitudes can lead you to become dehydrated without realizing it. On top of that, your fluid metabolism changes at higher altitudes, causing both dehydration and a loss of overall water in the body.
Hydration is always essential, but especially so at high altitudes since it is so easy to become dehydrated without realizing it. Water hydrates your body and keeps your organs and cells running normally. Hydration also flushes out the cell-damaging free radicals produced by exercise. By removing these free radicals, hydration plays a large part in promoting muscle healing and repair after a long day in the mountains, which is especially important during high-altitude performance.
Water also increases the volume of blood to oxygenate. By drinking water – or getting a hydration IV – you can increase your blood oxygen levels to help you recover from altitude sickness faster.
IV Hydration and Altitude Sickness
Although it is easy to get dehydrated at high altitudes, it is just as easy to stay hydrated. That said, one of the most common symptoms of altitude sickness is nausea, and no one wants to drink a glass of water while they’re feeling nauseous.
That’s where IV hydration and altitude sickness intersect. IV hydration is ideal for staying hydrated when you are nauseous. IV therapy is administered directly into your bloodstream, bypassing your stomach for fast and thorough hydration.
Although IV hydration may not be able to prevent altitude sickness, it can help you recover faster and improve how you feel. For example, you can opt for add-ons such as anti-nausea and anti-inflammatory medications to help improve your symptoms and your comfort. Many of our IV formulas contain essential vitamins to boost your immune system’s function, helping you feel your best and stay healthy for the rest of your trip.
Treating Altitude Sickness
IV hydration is not the only way to treat altitude sickness. These tips can help you get back on your feet fast so that you can enjoy your trip to Colorado.
• First and foremost, get some rest and give your body time to adjust to the higher altitude. Most people will find that symptoms will go away on their own.
• Avoid alcohol during recovery just like you would with any other illness.
• Don’t overexert yourself while you are recovering, since doing so can make symptoms worse and prolong your recovery.
• Use painkillers and anti-nausea medication to help improve your symptoms while you rest.
• If your symptoms are severe, it’s important to descend to a lower altitude and seek medical attention promptly.
• If your symptoms are mild but do not improve with rest, descend to a lower altitude.
When it comes to altitude sickness prevention, planning your trip with enough time to get acclimated to the environment is your best bet. Gingko biloba supplements may also reduce your risk of developing acute mountain sickness, but the evidence here is inconclusive.
Mobile IV Hydration Treatment for Altitude Sickness
No one wants to visit a clinic when they’re traveling. That’s why Drip Hydration is your mobile solution for IV hydration and altitude sickness. We bring IV therapy directly to homes, AirBnBs, hotels, and resorts in Denver.
IV hydration therapy generally takes 30 – 45 minutes for immediate relief from altitude sickness symptoms. Our anti-nausea and anti-inflammatory medications can improve your recovery while add-ons such as B12 shots can improve your mood and your energy levels. Mobile IV therapy in Denver can help you get back to feeling great and enjoying what Colorado has to offer.
Have questions? Want to know more about IV hydration and altitude sickness? Want to have your appointment in a truly unique location? Give us a call! We’ll be happy to answer anything you would like to know.
10% Off - First-Time Customers
If you're a first-time customer, send your email here and for your first booking you'll get 10% off!
We respect your privacy. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Changing Staging Location for Tile Cache Datastore
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3
02-16-2020 10:28 PM
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New Contributor III
Hi Guys,
Is there any ArcGIS Data Store Command Utility to change the staging location for TileCache Datastore?
From the documentation what I can see is that the existing Command Utility "changestaginglocation" is meant for relational data stores.
ArcGIS Data Store command utility reference - ArcGIS Data Store command utility reference—Portal for ArcGIS (10.8) | Documentation for ArcGIS Ente...
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Esri Contributor
Hi Imran - for the tile cache data store, you can use the changenosqldslocation command utility. The steps are elaborated on further in this technical article: "How To: Change the ArcGIS Data Store default folder location to a different storage drive." Hope this helps!
Highlighted
New Contributor III
Hi Jill Edstrom - Thank you for the response. But changenosqldslocation command utility won't change the staging location of the Tile Cache Datastore Backups. The backup will still get stored in the default location before moving to the backup location. In my case I don't have enough space in C Drive for the Staging Location to get backup created before moving to the backup location.
In the case of Relational Datastore we have a command line utility to change the staging location. I'm looking for the same to the Tile Cache Datastore, if any.
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Occasional Contributor II
Greetings Imran Khan Pathan's Blog,
I don't know whether you found an answer to your query, but if you need to change the location of the Tile Cache DS, you can use the configurebackuplocation command utility.
For instance, if you have designated a shared directory on another server, say //<server FQDN>/DS_1071_Backup/TileCache
you would use the following:
configurebackuplocation --store tileCache --operation change --location \\<server FQDN>\DS_1071_Backup\TileCache
Hope that helps.
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Page:Weird Tales v01n02 (1923-04).djvu/58
Rh her advertisement. Meta appeared before her as the Good Samaritan—a woman, wealthy, refined, seeking a companion. She brought her here.
"Lessman allows me to see her every day now. What devilish plan has he in view that he should torture me with her sufferings?"
"CCASIONALLY through the clouds of obscurity there appears some incident which I remember distinctly. Strange as it may appear, there is no record of these occasions in my diary. I can explain this only by the supposition that at such times Lessman withdrew his power over me, while on all other occasions I was, as I have said before, in a semi-somnambulic state."
AWOKE as one awakens from a horrible nightmare. My brain was as clear as a crystal. For an instant I imagined that I was in my own apartment—that she suffering I had gone through were but the conjurings of my own mind.
"A single glance at the barred window brought me back to a sudden realization of my condition. But my mind was my own. I was freed from the horrible thing that had obsessed me.
"On the table in one corner of the room was food. I ate ravenously. I do not remember how long it had been since I had eaten. My meal completed, I looked about me for some means of escape. Once I could find a way out of the accursed place—some weapon with which to defend myself—I would return, free Avis and flee.
"It must have been midnight. Outside, the rain was falling in torrents. It beat a regular tattoo upon the window. Cautiously, lest I be heard, I tiptoed to the door and tried the knob.
"The door was unlocked!
"In an exultation of excitement, I peered out. There was no one in sight. My mood was detached, strange, vague—marked by an indescribable something I could not explain. Save for the single kerosene lamp, which burned low in its bracket at the end of the long hallway, the place was in darkness.
"Removing my shoes, I tiptoed my way across the floor. Avis' room was the fourth door from mine. That much she had told me. Reaching it, I tried the knob. It was locked. I tapped softly against the panel. Receiving no answer, I rapped more loudly, I dared not raise my voice. Failing to arouse her, I was forced to leave her for a moment to continue my exploration.
"In one corner of the hallway stood a huge stick—evidently a cane that had been carried by one of the keepers in the days when the place was used as an asylum for maniacs. With this in my hand, I felt more secure.
"Where was Lessman? Had he made his escape while I slept, leaving my door open? Had he forced Avis and the other poor creatures who were under his command to accompany him? The thought startled me. Grasping the cudgel more firmly, I took the lamp from its bracket and started on a tour of investigation. All of the doors opening into the hallway, with the exception of my own, were locked. The silence was tomblike, uncanny.
"At the end of the long corridor a pair of stairs wound upward. Mounting them, I found myself in a long passage similar to that which I had just quitted. One or two of the rooms near the end were open. There was nothing in them except old furniture, moth-eaten and dusty with age. The entire floor seemed deserted.
"Continuing onward, I came to a door which, though it seemed to be | WIKI |
Paper Title:
A Simplified Numerical Method to Determine the Loads Acting on the Cutterhead of a Compound Shield
Abstract
In order to determine the loads acting on the cutterhead of a compound shield, this paper aims at the large-scale and fully coupled system of the excavation face. Firstly, a new model is proposed to calculate the loads acting on a single cutter, in which the earth pressure of the chamber is taken into consideration. Then, by transforming the large-scale nonlinear contact problem into a smaller one, we set up the governing equations only including the penetration depth of cutters in the approach of the sub-structure condensation, to calculate the loads acting on the cutterhead. Finally, the relationship between the penetration per revolution and the total thrust and total torque acting on the cutters of the cutterhead of a compound shield is investigated.
Info
Periodical
Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 199-200)
Edited by
Jianmin Zeng, Zhengyi Jiang, Taosen Li, Daoguo Yang and Yun-Hae Kim
Pages
25-31
DOI
10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.199-200.25
Citation
F. J. He, Q. Zhang, Z. X. Cai, "A Simplified Numerical Method to Determine the Loads Acting on the Cutterhead of a Compound Shield", Advanced Materials Research, Vols. 199-200, pp. 25-31, 2011
Online since
February 2011
Export
Price
$35.00
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62 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Western Union to Present at Bernstein's 41st Annual Strategic Decisions Conference on May 29th
DENVER, May 19, 2025--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The Western Union Company (NYSE: WU) today announced that the Company will present at the Bernstein Strategic Decision Conference on Thursday, May 29th, 2025. The presentation will begin at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time and will include comments from Devin McGranahan, Chief Executive Officer.
Investors and interested parties will be able to listen to the investor presentation via webcast from www.westernunion.com, under the investor relations section. The archived webcast will be available shortly after the conclusion of the presentation.
About Western Union
The Western Union Company (NYSE: WU) is committed to helping people around the world who aspire to build financial futures for themselves, their loved ones and their communities. Our leading cross-border, cross-currency money movement, payments and digital financial services empower consumers, businesses, financial institutions and governments—across more than 200 countries and territories and over 130 currencies—to connect with billions of bank accounts, millions of digital wallets and cards, and a global footprint of hundreds of thousands of retail locations. Our goal is to offer accessible financial services that help people and communities prosper. For more information, visit www.westernunion.com.
WU-G
View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250519996306/en/
Contacts
Media Relations: Brad Jones media@westernunion.com
Investor Relations: Tom Hadley WesternUnion.IR@westernunion.com | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Texas Hold 'Em Billiards Championship
The Texas Hold 'Em Billiards Championship was a short-lived pool tournament held in the US. It was promoted by Allen Hopkins Productions and Billiards International. Eight chosen players compete in this event. Like the Skins Billiards Championship, this one pits four players against each other. Only two editions of this event took place. Marlon Manalo (2005) and Johnny Archer (2007) were the victors.
Format
The format used in the tournament is a modified version of the pool game nine-ball, that emulates Texas Hold 'em, the most popular variation of poker. Each of the four players carries chips like those used in poker. In each rack, the players wager a number of them. The winner of that particular rack collects the others' wagers. If a player's chips is less than wager, that player has to go "all in" which means all of that player's chips must be wagered. After every four, the wager rises. In later racks, the player with the fewest chips will have to wager all. Players running out of chips are eliminated from the match.
In the semi-finals of the event (the first round of the tournament featuring all 8 players), the 4 contestants on each of the two matches play until only two of them remain. At the final match (the final 4 players), only one survives and wins the title.
In most pool tournaments, a players can miss a shot and (providing they do not foul while doing so) the incoming opponent must take whatever shot may be available. In the Texas Hold 'Em Billiards Championship, missing a shot awards to the next player. This eliminates defensive play, but makes the game faster.
Change in prize money offer and demise
In 2005, the tournament offered a $100K prize which was all awarded to the winner. This made it similar to the International Challenge of Champions. But when the tournament was held again and for the last time in 2007, a rather smaller purse of $80K was offered and was distributed among all the participants. The reason to this change has remained unexplained. Also, the tournament was never staged again for unknown reasons. | WIKI |
User:Webranger
Special Forces. 10th S.F.G, S.O.C.E.U.R (Special Operations European Command) 1/75th Ranger Bn | WIKI |
Glaucoma
Overview
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in the United States, and there are an estimated 60 million cases worldwide.
Glaucoma occurs when eye pressure increases and creates stress on the optic nerve. If the nerve is damaged, vision loss occurs. In most cases, glaucoma causes no pain and creates no other symptoms until vision loss becomes noticeable.Because there are no symptoms, regular eye exams are crucial to maintaining eye health.
Warning Signs & Symptoms
Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is the most common form in America. It has no initial symptoms and primarily affects people over the age of 50.
OAG occurs when pressure slowly builds until the eye is damaged. Symptoms only appear once the optic nerve is damaged, peripheral vision is lost or the cornea swells, though often the condition is painless. Without treatment, total blindness will occur.
Acute closed-angle glaucoma is the result of a sudden blockage in the flow of fluid between the iris and the lens. Symptoms include:
• Severe pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Blurred vision
• Seeing a rainbow halo around lights
Diagnosis
Most glaucoma is diagnosed through a routine pressure check using tonometry, which is part of a comprehensive eye exam. Regular eye exams can help diagnose OAG early, and early diagnosis is imperative to prevent vision loss from the condition.
Treatment/Procedures
The purpose of glaucoma treatment is to reduce intraocular pressure.
Medicated eye drops are the most common form of treatment. While eye drops are effective for many people, the treatment routine can be complicated, so it is imperative to follow the instructions provided by your physician.
If your doctor determines surgery may help prevent vision loss, it may be the recommended treatment option.
• For open angle glaucoma, the doctor may perform a laser trabeculoplasty.
• For closed angle glaucoma, the doctor mayperform a laser iridotomy.
Both procedures allow fluid to flow out of the eye more easily, thereby decreasing pressure.
Prevention
Open-angle glaucoma is not preventable, but you can stop vision loss from the condition. Most people with open-angle glaucoma have no symptoms, so early diagnosis and careful management are imperative.
In order to maintain your eye health and stave off glaucoma, follow these rules:
• If you’re over 40, have an eye examat least once every two years.
• If you’re high-risk, meaning you have a family history of open-angle glaucoma, or if you’re over 65, have an eye exam every one to two years. Ask your eyecare practitioner which schedule will provide you with the most protection. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Bernie Sanders foreign policy plan won't fix US standing, Trump problems
Sen. Bernie Sanders' foreign policy leaves much to be desired.The US needs to recover its standing in the world once President Trump leaves office, but Sanders' plans wouldn't help with that goal.Brett Bruen was the director of global engagement in the Obama White House and a career American diplomat. He runs the crisis-communications agency Global Situation Room.This is an opinion column. The thoughts expressed are those of the author.Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.
Bernie Sanders has a big problem: his weak foreign policy plans.The senator from Vermont has mostly tried to skate past substantive discussions on national security, falling back instead on a few shallow canned comments. As one of two serious candidates left in the Democratic primary, this lack of foreign policy focus is alarming and unacceptable.His revolution has mostly revolved around economic grievances and transformation. I remember 25 years ago as Page in the US House of Representatives listening to then-Rep. Sanders go on and on about economic insecurity, but hardly ever national securityListening to Bernie now, it's easy to forget that the President's first priority isn't the economy. His or her most important responsibility is protecting our country as Commander in Chief. That ought to be the issue that weighs most heavily and most often on voters' minds. His justification for staying in the race is largely based on the belief he can bring Joe Biden closer to his policy positions and spending more time on his issues. So it's safe to assume that leads to a lot less discussion of national security.We should not allow, as we did with Donald Trump, presidential candidates to get away with delivering catchy one liners on national security. This is serious stuff. We have certainly seen over the last three years, especially with the current slapdash handling of the coronavirus, the cost of a president who is unable to effectively manage a global crisis.
Sanders' scant detailsJust look at Sanders' website. It offers scant details of his plans and proposals for foreign policy. There are several mentions of ending USs militarism, whatever that means. There are few mentions of specific countries, apart from an obvious commitment to rejoin the Iran Deal with our allies and ending Saudi Arabia's attacks on Yemen.The worst line is actually the last one. He writes that, "in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere, democracy is under threat by forces of intolerance, corruption, and authoritarianism." Since when do we say Europe and elsewhere? There are clearly threats in Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East that shouldn't be painted with a broad brush by a man who wants to be president. It's amateurish.Then come the controversial comments about Venezuela, Bolivia, and Cuba. Sanders has long staked out a position against mainstream American policies towards the region. While claiming to put human rights at the core of his global engagement, he seems to have no problem looking past the brutal abuses of fundamental freedoms in those countries.So, what does he really mean and what would he do as president? My assessment at this point is that we would unfortunately see a continuation of the isolationist tendencies that have become the hallmarks of Trump's foreign policy. Indeed, Sanders regularly seems to confuse American intervention with standing up for our ideals and those in danger.A Sanders Administration would tell us that the days of militarism are over. But while war may not be the answer, the question then becomes: what's your plan instead? Sadly, Sanders doesn't seem to have a great solution.
Some will say that if the United States simply engaged in fewer foreign interventions this would greatly diminish the danger. But the US still needs a plan to confront authoritarian leaders or they will become bolder and brasher.There was a dearth of details during Sanders' interview with NPR's Rachel Martin. She pressed him repeatedly on how he would tackle extremism in Iraq and elsewhere. He talked about past problems. He raised Trump's recklessness. He mentioned the importance of diplomacy. The reporter clearly wanted a more substantive response. A frustrated Sanders finally said, well America has a lot of money and that can be used to solve foreign crises. There is an argument to be made that foreign aid might increase under Sanders. But, I'm not convinced he could actually get Congress to pour substantial sums into the aid budget. Sanders has an ambitious domestic agenda and there's good reason to believe that will be the fiscal priority, not foreign aid.Those voting in the Democratic primary should be concerned by Sander's treatment of foreign policy. The world and our standing in it after Trump will be incredibly complex and challenging. Holding up protests and votes against war that happened decades ago is not a solution to today's conflicts. Throwing money at adversaries or disengaging militarily won't end wars. If he wants us to take him more seriously, then Bernie needs to take a much longer, harder look at our national security and come up with some serious plans.
This is an opinion column. The thoughts expressed are those of the author(s).
Read the original article on Opinion Columnist. Copyright 2020.
window._taboola = window._taboola || [];
window._taboola = window._taboola || []; | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Talk:Arlene Goldbard
Autobiographical?
This article seems largely to have been originally written by the subject herself and her publisher. While I agree she meets the notability guidelines, this reads like self-promotion. It needs to be revised by an editor. Even the use of the first name sounds like dust jacket copy. She's an important writer and thinker, but others should be writing her Wikipedia page. Bruxism (talk) 21:25, 14 November 2014 (UTC) | WIKI |
Nelson Santana
Nelson Santana, also called Nelsinho (31 July 1955 – 24 December 1964), was a Brazilian boy who died of osteosarcoma. He came to be widely venerated in his hometown Ibitinga, and Pope Francis recognized his "heroic virtues" in 2019 and declared him venerable.
Life
Santana was born on 31 July 1955 to João Joaquim Santana and Ocrézia Aparecida Santana at Ronca Farm in Ibitinga. The third of eight children in a poor and deeply religious family, Santana was baptized on 1 October 1955. From a young age, his parents gave him religious instruction and he attended school on the farm where he lived.
When he was about seven years old, Santana fell from a tree, seriously injuring his left shoulder, and was hospitalized at the Holy House of Araraquara. To cover medical expenses, his parents sold many of their possessions. While hospitalized, Santana received love and support from doctors, nurses, and other patients. One nun, Sister Genarina Gecchele of the Congregation of the Apostles of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, believed Santana was especially pure and took it upon herself to catechize him. On 15 June 1964, Santana received his first communion in the hospital chapel.
When osteosarcoma was discovered in Santana's left arm, the only solution presented by the doctors was amputation. When Santana was informed by Sr. Genarina Gecchele of the pending amputation, he did not complain and believed the pain in his arm helped him better understand the suffering of Jesus. Santana was very devoted to Catholic teaching and kissed the crucifix to distract himself from the pain. He believed that he would die at Christmas time, and is believed to have predicted the date of his death. On Christmas Eve of 1964, Santana died at the age of nine as a result of infections caused by the amputation.
Burial
When Santana died, his family could not afford a funeral for him. His body was buried as a pauper at the cemetery of St. Benedict in Araraquara. Later, a grave at São Bento Cemetery was donated to his family. Santana's grave attracts many devotees and visitors, and is often covered in flowers and candles. Santana's remains were exhumed on 24 October 2011 and transferred to the Senhor Bom Jesus parish in Ibitinga, and placed in a crypt in the Mother Church of Senhor Bom Jesus.
Beatification process
Santana's life has attracted much veneration, and in 2012 the Vatican started investigating his life after it obtained evidence for beatification. Father Gerhard Rudolfo Anderer, a priest who visited Santana in the hospital, wrote a book called Nelsinho para Todos and started Santana's cause for beatification. The following year, the commission that investigated Santana's life declared that there was not enough medical evidence of the miracles attributed to Santana. One miracle attributed to Santana was Vítor da Silva Leitão's recovery from macrocephaly. According to the child's family, they received a copy of Santana's death certificate and asked for intercession. On 8 April 2019, Pope Francis recognized Santana's "heroic virtues" and declared him venerable. | WIKI |
Memory management in Python
Last updated on April 11, 2018, in Python
This article describes memory management in Python 3.6. If you are interested in GC details, you can read my article about Garbage collection in Python.
Everything in Python is an object. Some objects can hold other objects, such as lists, tuples, dicts, classes, etc. Because of dynamic Python's nature, such approach requires a lot of small memory allocations. To speed-up memory operations and reduce fragmentation Python uses a special manager on top of the general-purpose allocator, called PyMalloc.
We can depict the whole system as a set of hierarchical layers:
Python memory management
Illustration of hierarchical model (source).
Small object allocation
To reduce overhead for small objects (less than 512 bytes) Python sub-allocates big blocks of memory. Larger objects are routed to standard C allocator. Small object allocator uses three levels of abstraction — arena, pool, and block.
Let's start with the smallest structure — block.
Block
Block is a chunk of memory of a certain size. Each block can keep only one Python object of a fixed size. The size of the block can vary from 8 to 512 bytes and be a multiple of eight (i.e., 8-byte alignment). For convenience, such blocks are grouped in 64 size classes.
Request in bytesSize of allocated blocksize class idx
1-880
9-16161
17-24242
25-32323
33-40404
41-48485
.........
505-51251263
Pool
A collection of blocks of the same size is called a pool. Normally, the size of the pool is equal to the size of a memory page, i.e., 4Kb. Limiting pool to the fixed size of blocks helps with fragmentation. If an object gets destroyed, the memory manager can fill this space with a new object of the same size.
Each pool has a special header structure, which is defined as follows:
/* Pool for small blocks. */
struct pool_header {
union { block *_padding;
uint count; } ref; /* number of allocated blocks */
block *freeblock; /* pool's free list head */
struct pool_header *nextpool; /* next pool of this size class */
struct pool_header *prevpool; /* previous pool "" */
uint arenaindex; /* index into arenas of base adr */
uint szidx; /* block size class index */
uint nextoffset; /* bytes to virgin block */
uint maxnextoffset; /* largest valid nextoffset */
};
Pools of the same sized blocks are linked together using doubly linked list (the nextpool and prevpool fields). The szidx field keeps the size class index, whereas ref.count keeps the number of used blocks. The arenaindex stores the number of an arena in which Pool was created.
The freeblock field is described as follows:
Blocks within pools are again carved out as needed. pool->freeblock points to
the start of a singly-linked list of free blocks within the pool. When a
block is freed, it's inserted at the front of its pool's freeblock list. Note
that the available blocks in a pool are *not* linked all together when a pool
is initialized. Instead only "the first two" (lowest addresses) blocks are
set up, returning the first such block, and setting pool->freeblock to a
one-block list holding the second such block. This is consistent with that
pymalloc strives at all levels (arena, pool, and block) never to touch a piece
of memory until it's actually needed.
So long as a pool is in the used state, we're certain there *is* a block
available for allocating, and pool->freeblock is not NULL. If pool->freeblock
points to the end of the free list before we've carved the entire pool into
blocks, that means we simply haven't yet gotten to one of the higher-address
blocks. The offset from the pool_header to the start of "the next" virgin
block is stored in the pool_header nextoffset member, and the largest value
of nextoffset that makes sense is stored in the maxnextoffset member when a
pool is initialized. All the blocks in a pool have been passed out at least
once when and only when nextoffset > maxnextoffset.
Therefore, If a block is empty instead of an object, it stores an address of the next empty block. This trick saves a lot of memory and computation.
Each pool has three states:
• used — partially used, neither empty nor full
• full — all the pool's blocks are currently allocated
• empty — all the pool's blocks are currently available for allocation
In order to efficiently manage pools Python uses an additional array called usedpools. It stores pointers to the pools grouped by class. As we already know, all pools of the same block size are linked together. To iterate over them, we just need to know the start of the list. If there are no pools of such size, then a new pool will be created on the first memory request.
Python Pools linked list
Note that pools and blocks are not allocating memory directly, instead they are using already allocated space from arenas.
Arena
The arena is a chunk of 256kB memory allocated on the heap, which provides memory for 64 pools.
Python arena management
The structure of arena object looks as follows:
struct arena_object {
uintptr_t address;
block* pool_address;
uint nfreepools;
uint ntotalpools;
struct pool_header* freepools;
struct arena_object* nextarena;
struct arena_object* prevarena;
};
All arenas are linked using doubly linked list (the nextarena and prevarena fields), it helps to manage them. The ntotalpools and nfreepools are storing information about currently available pools.
The freepools field points to the linked list of available pools.
There is nothing complicated in the implementation of the arena. Think of it as a list of containers, which automatically allocates new memory for pools when needed.
Memory deallocation
Python's small object manager rarely returns memory back to the Operating System.
An arena gets fully released If and only if all the pools in it are empty. For example, it can happen when you use a lot of temporary objects in a short period of time.
Speaking of long-running Python processes, they may hold a lot of unused memory because of this behavior.
Allocation statistics
You can get allocations statistics by calling sys._debugmallocstats().
Diving deeper
If you are interested in more details about memory management, you can read the comments from the source code. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Article
Avidity for antigen shapes clonal dominance in CD8 T cell populations specific for persistent DNA viruses
Human Immunology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Journal of Experimental Medicine (Impact Factor: 13.91). 12/2005; 202(10):1349-61. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20051357
Source: PubMed
ABSTRACT The forces that govern clonal selection during the genesis and maintenance of specific T cell responses are complex, but amenable to decryption by interrogation of constituent clonotypes within the antigen-experienced T cell pools. Here, we used point-mutated peptide-major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHCI) antigens, unbiased TCRB gene usage analysis, and polychromatic flow cytometry to probe directly ex vivo the clonal architecture of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell populations under conditions of persistent exposure to structurally stable virus-derived epitopes. During chronic infection with cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, CD8(+) T cell responses to immunodominant viral antigens were oligoclonal, highly skewed, and exhibited diverse clonotypic configurations; TCRB CDR3 sequence analysis indicated positive selection at the protein level. Dominant clonotypes demonstrated high intrinsic antigen avidity, defined strictly as a physical parameter, and were preferentially driven toward terminal differentiation in phenotypically heterogeneous populations. In contrast, subdominant clonotypes were characterized by lower intrinsic avidities and proportionately greater dependency on the pMHCI-CD8 interaction for antigen uptake and functional sensitivity. These findings provide evidence that interclonal competition for antigen operates in human T cell populations, while preferential CD8 coreceptor compensation mitigates this process to maintain clonotypic diversity. Vaccine strategies that reconstruct these biological processes could generate T cell populations that mediate optimal delivery of antiviral effector function.
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ABSTRACT: Antigen-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) recognise complexes of immunogenic peptides (p) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) glycoproteins. Responding T cell populations show profiles of preferred usage (or bias) toward one or few TCRbeta chains. Such skewing is also observed, though less commonly, in TCRalpha chain usage. The extent and character of clonal diversity within individual, antigen-specific T cell sets can be established by sequence analysis of the TCRVbeta and/or TCRValpha CDR3 loops. The present review provides examples of such TCR repertoires in prominent responses to acute and persistent viruses. The determining role of structural constraints and antigen dose is discussed, as is the way that functionally and phenotypically distinct populations can be defined at the clonal level. In addition, clonal dissection of "high" versus "low" avidity, or "central" versus "effector" memory sets provides insights into how these antigen specific T cell responses are generated and maintained. As TCR diversity potentially influences both the protective capacity of CD8+ T cells and the subversion of immune control that leads to viral escape, analysing the spectrum of TCR selection and maintenance has implications for improving the functional efficacy of T cell responsiveness and effector function.
Molecular Immunology 03/2008; 45(3):607-18. DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2006.05.017 · 3.00 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although CD8(+) T-cells are important for the control of HIV-1 in vivo, the precise correlates of immune efficacy remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of viral sequence variation and T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire composition across multiple epitope specificities in a group of antiretroviral treatment-naïve individuals chronically infected with HIV-1. A negative correlation was detected between changes in antigen-specific TCR repertoire diversity and CD8(+) T-cell response magnitude, reflecting clonotypic expansions and contractions related to alterations in cognate viral epitope sequences. These patterns were independent of the individual, evidenced by discordant clonotype-specific evolution against different epitopes in single subjects. Moreover, long-term asymptomatic HIV-1 infection was characterized by evolution of the TCR repertoire in parallel with viral replication. Collectively, these data suggest a continuous bidirectional process of adaptation between HIV-1 and virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell clonotypes orchestrated at the TCR/antigen interface.
Journal of Virology 10/2014; 89(1). DOI:10.1128/JVI.01765-14 · 4.65 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The characterization of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of CD4+ regulatory T cells (T(R)) has been limited due to the RNA degradation that results following permeabilization and fixation as routinely used for intracellular staining of Foxp3. In the present study the clonal composition of human umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) CD4+ T(R) and non-T(R) was characterized by a DNA-based multiplex PCR which allowed for the consistent clonotypic characterization of cells that have undergone fixation and permeabilization. To validate this method, CD8+ T cells from two HLA A()0201 individuals were sorted and compared clonotypically based upon their ability either to secrete interferon-gamma in response to a CMV pp65 epitope or to bind to the corresponding pMHC I tetramer. Clonotypes shared between the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25+Foxp3- subsets were observed in all 3 UCB and in one adult PBMCs, suggesting that naïve and memory CD4+ T(R) can share the same clonotypes as CD4+ non-T(R) in humans.
Journal of Immunological Methods 05/2007; 321(1-2):107-20. DOI:10.1016/j.jim.2007.01.005 · 2.01 Impact Factor | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Open Access Research article
Comparing the frequency of common genetic variants and haplotypes between carriers and non-carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 deleterious mutations in Australian women diagnosed with breast cancer before 40 years of age
Lidija Turkovic1*, Lyle C Gurrin1, Melanie Bahlo2, Gillian S Dite1, Melissa C Southey3 and John L Hopper1
Author Affiliations
1 Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
2 Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Victoria 3052, Australia
3 Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
For all author emails, please log on.
BMC Cancer 2010, 10:466 doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-466
Published: 1 September 2010
Abstract
Background
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are found in a proportion of families with multiple early-onset breast cancers. There are a large number of different deleterious mutations in both genes, none of which would be detectable using standard genetic association studies. Single common variants and haplotypes of common variants may capture groups of deleterious mutations since some low prevalence haplotypes of common variants occur more frequently among chromosomes that carry rare, deleterious mutations than chromosomes that do not.
Methods
DNA sequence data for BRCA1 and BRCA2 was obtained from 571 participants from the Australian Breast Cancer Family Study. Genetic variants were classified as either deleterious mutations or common genetic variants. Variants tagging common polymorphisms were selected and haplotypes resolved using Haploview. Their frequency was compared to those with and without deleterious mutations using a permutation test.
Results
A common genetic variant in BRCA1 (3232A > G) was found to be over-represented in deleterious mutation carriers (p = 0.05), whereas a common genetic variant in BRCA2 (1342A > C) occurred less frequently in deleterious mutation carriers (p = 0.04). All four of the common BRCA1 variants used to form haplotypes occurred more frequently in the deleterious mutation carriers when compared to the non-carriers, but there was no evidence of a difference in the distributions between the two groups (p = 0.34). In BRCA2, all four common variants were found to occur less frequently in the deleterious mutation carriers when compared to non-carriers, but the evidence for difference in the distribution between the two groups was weak (p = 0.16). Several less common haplotypes of common BRCA1 variants were found to be over-represented among deleterious mutation carriers but there was no evidence for this at the population level. In BRCA2, only the most common haplotype was found to occur more frequently in deleterious mutation carriers, with again no evidence at the population level.
Conclusions
We observed differences in the frequency of common genetic variants of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 and their haplotypes between early-onset breast cancer cases who did and did not carry deleterious mutations in these genes. Although our data provide only weak evidence for a difference in frequencies at the population level, the number of deleterious mutation carriers was low and the results may yet be substantiated in a larger study using pooled data. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
HL7® FHIR® New Zealand Base Implementation Guide
2.1.1 - Draft
HL7® FHIR® New Zealand Base Implementation Guide, published by HL7 New Zealand. This is not an authorized publication; it is the continuous build for version 2.1.1). This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/HL7NZ/nzbase/ and changes regularly. See the Directory of published versions
Extensions
IdCanonical urlContext of UseDescriptionPurpose
additional-authorisation http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/additional-authorisation
Practitioner.qualification
Additional authorisations that a practitioner is authorised to perform
alias-type http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/alias-type
Location.alias
Organization.alias
Used to indicate what sort of alias is being used in a Location or Organization - eg that it is a legal name.
building-name http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/building-name
Address
The name of a building cited in an address.
condition-on-practice http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/condition-on-practice
Practitioner.qualification
A full description of the conditions the health practitioner is subject to in relation to their scope of practice.
contactpoint-purpose http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/contactpoint-purpose
ContactPoint
A specific purpose for which this ContactPoint dataType would be used. An example would be to indicate that this ContactPoint is used for video conferencing.
death-date http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/death-date
Practitioner
The date of death of the individual, plus the source of that information
dhb http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/dhb
HealthcareService
Location
Patient
District Health Board relating to a NZ Healthcare Service, Location (Facility) or Patient (primary, physical home address).
Administrative - to allow NZ HealthcareService, Location (Facility) or Patient Resources to include the related District Health Board.
domicile-code http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/domicile-code
Patient
Address
NZ Domicile Code. Derived from a patient's primary physical, home address.
edi-address http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/edi-address
ContactPoint.system
Represents an Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) address. It is intended as an extension on ContactPoint.system, with the system value being 'other'. The value of the extension is the EDI supplier, the actual EDI address is the value element. Note that a new extension 'messaging address' is preferred.
educational-qualification http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/educational-qualification
Practitioner.qualification
Practitioner
Educational qualifications a practitioner has. These may or may not be related to registration information.
established http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/established
Location
Organization
The period over which the location or Organization is open
funded-programme http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/funded-programme
Location
Organization
HealthcareService
Funded NZ Healthcare Programmes
Details of a NZ Healthcare Funded Programme relevant to its implementation status at an individual organisation, facility or service.
information-source http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/information-source
Patient.name
Patient.birthDate
Patient.deceased.ofType(dateTime)
The official source of information held about a patient.
long-term-condition http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/long-term-condition
Condition
Long Term Condition Indicator. A long term condition can be defined as any ongoing, long term or recurring conditions that can have a significant impact on people’s lives.
Long term condition indicator (see https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/diseases-and-conditions/long-term-conditions).
messaging-address http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/messaging-address
Patient
Location
Organization
HealthcareService
PractitionerRole
Practitioner
The address to where electronic communications might be sent. For historical reasons, there is an overlap with edi-address.
nz-citizenship http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nz-citizenship
Patient
New Zealand citizenship
nz-ethnicity http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nz-ethnicity
Patient
Practitioner
RelatedPerson
The ethnic group or groups that a person identifies with or feels they belong to. Ethnicity is a measure of cultural affiliation as opposed to race, ancestry, nationality or citizen. Ethnicity is self-perceived and a person can belong to more than one group.
The Stats New Zealand standard can be found here.
nz-geocode http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nz-geocode
Address
New Zealand Geocode. This uses a different datum from that defined in the HL7 FHIR specification for a Geocode.
nz-iwi http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nz-iwi
Patient
Practitioner
RelatedPerson
Persons Iwi affiliation
nz-residency http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nz-residency
Patient
NZ Residency status
nzeps-long-term-medication http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nzeps-long-term-medication
MedicationRequest
MedicationStatement
NZePS Long Term Medication Indicator
This has specific uses in NZ Pharmacy and GP systems for funding and clinical purposes. It is also part of the HISO 10041.1 standard for Medication Lists.
nzeps-supply-period-reason http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nzeps-supply-period-reason
MedicationRequest
The reason for a non-standard Supply Period.
The reason for a non-standard supply period, e.g. the patient going abroad.
nzeps-unusual-dose-quantity http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nzeps-unusual-dose-quantity
MedicationRequest
NZePS Unusual Dose Quantity Indicator
Indicates if an unusual dose quantity has been prescribed deliberately.
nzf-atc http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nzf-atc
Medication
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification - see https://www.who.int/tools/atc-ddd-toolkit/atc-classification
nzf-nzmt-type http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/nzf-nzmt-type
Medication
The NZ Medicines Terminology (NZMT) Data Class – MP (Medicinal Product), MPUU (Medicinal Product Unit of Use), MPP (Medicinal Product Pack), TP (Trade Product), TPUU (Trade Product Unit of Use), TPP (Trade Product Pack) or CTPP (Containered Trade Product Pack) – that the Medication is a member of.
pho http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/pho
HealthcareService
Location
Patient
Primary Healthcare Organisation associated with a General Practice linked to a NZ Healthcare Service, Location (Facility) or Patient (GP).
Administrative - to allow NZ HealthcareService, Location (Facility) or Patient Resources to include the related Primary Healthcare Organisation.
practitionerRole-creator http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/practitionerRole-creator
PractitionerRole
The organisation and person that created this role
practitionerRole-status-reason http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/practitionerRole-status-reason
PractitionerRole
The reason for the status. Generally only used for inactive resources.
registration-initial-date http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/registration-initial-date
Practitioner.qualification
The date the practitioner first became registered with the Responsible Authority or professional body
registration-status-code http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/registration-status-code
Practitioner.qualification
An indicator of the practicing status of the practitioner as supplied by their Responsible Authority or professional body.
scope-of-practice http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/scope-of-practice
Practitioner.qualification
The type or range of health services a practitioner is authorised to perform, as determined by the Responsible Authority or professional body.
sex-at-birth http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/sex-at-birth
Patient
A person’s sex at the time of their birth (considered to be immutable).
suburb http://hl7.org.nz/fhir/StructureDefinition/suburb
Address
Suburb element of a NZ Address.
Required as FHIR Base Address Type does not contain an element for Suburb (only District or State which, in population terms, are both broader than City - whereas Suburb is narrower). | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Grant1478/Amber Renae
Amber Renae new article content ...
Amber Renae is a notable Australian fashion stylist, designer and television personality. She is known for her appearance as a contestant on Arena TV's Project_Runway_Australia_(season_2). Since the show ended, Amber has been a guest on Australian television show Morning’s with Kerrie-Anne and the Dave and Kim show as well as on popular Melbourne morning radio show Hughesy and Kate on Nova FM. She is currently a presenter for Fashion TV Oceania.
EARLY LIFE Amber studied a Bachelor of Civil Engineering at the University of Queensland. Throughout her degree and upon graduating she worked as a Construction Engineer for Leighton Contractors.
CAREER
Clothing Amber left Leighton Contractors in 2002 to manager her own clothing business called ARX. The clothing was stocked alongside other brands in stores in Australia, New Zealand, United States and Japan. R Amber received a lucky break when in the summer of 2004 Paris Hilton requested a showing with her whilst filming the movie House of Wax on Queensland’s Gold Coast. The ARX brand was also worn by Olympic swimmer Geoff Huegill during the New Generation fashion parade at the Australian Fashion Week in 2004. Amber was appointed to the Selection Panel of the inaugural Mercedes Benz Fashion Festival. Project Runway Australia Amber is best known for her appearance on Arena TV show Project Runway Australia Season 2. Whilst she did not feature in the top contestants, she was recognised as one of the personalities on the show.
Appearances Amber has quickly established herself as a media personality and television presenter, interviewing well known personalities such as Pat Rafter, Sneaky Sound System and Kerrie-Anne Kennerley. R She is the resident reporter for Fashion TV Oceania and has interviewed many of Australia’s leading fashion talent including Dion Lee, Kate Sylvestor and Manning Cartel Amber has also appeared on Nova FM’s morning show with Hughesy and Kate and co-hosted the xx show with Hayley Pearson. She has also recently co-hosted Mike Goldman’s drive show on c913FM.
Styling Amber enjoys sharing her knowledge and hosts Stylist Workshops. R
ACTIVISM In 2009 Amber joined the Cancer Council as an Ambassador in support of Girls Night In. R In 2010 Amber showed her support for the LGBT community in Sydney, Australia, by devoting her time to Sleazeball in support of the annual gay pride parade and festival. R | WIKI |
Kim Tek Ie Temple
Kim Tek Ie Temple, also called Vihara Dharma Bhakti, also known as 金德院 (Mandarin Jīn dé yuàn or Hokkien Kim Tek Ie), is a klenteng (a local term for a Chinese temple) located in the China Town neighborhood of Glodok, Jakarta, Indonesia. Completed in 1650, Vihara Dharma Bhakti is the oldest Chinese temple in Jakarta.
History
The complex of Vihara Dharma Bhakti was erected in 1650 under the order of Luitenant der Chinezen Kwee Hoen. The temple was named Kwan Im Teng in Hokkien or Guānyīn tíng in Mandarin (觀音亭), literally "Pavilion of Guanyin", to honor Kwan Im whom the temple is dedicated to. The name Kwan Im Teng is the origin of the word klenteng itself, later becoming a general term in the Indies to refer to any Chinese place of worship.
The temple was burned to ground during the massacre of the Chinese ethnic group in 1740. Following the incident, Governor-General Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff established a semi-autonomous organization for each ethnic group to supervised and coordinated each of the community's social and religious matter. For the Chinese ethnic group, the organization was called Kong Koan. The Kong Koan restored the temple in 1755 under the leadership of a Kapitein der Chinezen Oey Tji Lo, as well as managing all the maintenance of the Chinese temple. The restored temple received the name Kim Tek Ie (or Jīn Dé Yuàn in Mandarin). Kong Koan also managed the other old Chinese temples in Batavia, among them are the Kuan Im Tong, a Chinese temple in Ancol, and Hian Thian Shang Te.
Following the end of the Dutch colony in Indonesia, the Kong Koan was dissolved. Management of Chinese temples in Indonesia was done by an organization called Dewan Wihara Indonesia or DEWI (The Council of Indonesian Vihara). For temple management, a person serving as the "head censer" or Lu-zhu with his assistants were set for each Chinese temple and are responsibility for holding a fund-raising activities for the temple as well as managing religious ceremonies in the temple. A Lu-zhu is usually chosen from an influential entrepreneur or businessman in the community.
Following the nationalization of names in 1965, The DEWI recommended the name Vihara Dharma Bhakti for Kim Tek Ie, as a nationalistic effort to remove all foreign-sounding names in Indonesia.
2015 Fire
On the morning of March 2, 2015, Vihara Dharma Bhakti was destroyed by fire. The source of the fire was from a piece of tarpaulin hanging near candles that caught alight and then spread throughout the main building. Among the damage were the ornamented roof frame of the temple and some 40 historic sculptures.
Festival and ceremonies
Vihara Dharma Bhakti is the center of Chinese-related festivities in Jakarta. Among the most notable celebration held in the temple was the Zhong Yuan Festival (local Hokkien name Cioko) held in the temple's courtyard, and the Lantern Festival (Cap go meh). During the colonial period, a Peranakan Chinese opera was performed yearly every Vesak, accompanied by the Batavian kroncong music and enlivened with traditional games. | WIKI |
How Does Lidocaine Block Pain?
January 10, 2013 2868
Lidocaine is the main ingredient of most of the numbing creams available in the market. But how does it block the pain on the skin?
The simple answer is that the lidocaine act directly on the nerve cell and prevent the electrical impulses from passing along the nerve. The more complicated answer depends on understanding how the nerve impulse is generated in the first place, which occupies several pages of the textbook. Briefly, in the resting state the nerve cell generates a voltage across the cell membrane by virtue of an active pumping mechanism which pumps sodium ions out of the cell, and allows potassium to diffuse in, to create an electrochemical gradient. When the nerve is stimulated, sodium channels open and allow sodium ions to flow back in, reversing the electrical gradient (“depolarisation”). This electrical change serves to open the sodium channels in the adjacent section of membrane, and so a wave of depolarisation travels along the nerve cell. The local anaesthetic drug works by sitting on the sodium channel and preventing depolarisation, thus preventing the sodium entry into the cell.
In the simplest answer: the lidocaine in the numbing cream blocks the pain by preventing the nerve cells to pass along the electrical impulses which transmits the feeling of pain from the skin to the brain.
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Paid Notice: Deaths PIERREPONT, JOHN
PIERREPONT-John, 84. On January 10, 2001 after a short illness. Son of the late Ruthurfurd Stuyvesant and Nathalie de Castro Pierrepont, he is survived by his widow, Nancy Weller Pierrepont, a son, John Jay Pierrepont, a daughter, Margaret V.B. Pierrepont, a step-daughter, Nancy Dewey Hoppin, and three grandchildren. His principal interests were in his family and in some of the great charitable institutions of our city: the Wildlife Conservation Society, the Lenox Hill Neighborhood House, and the New York Botanical Garden, and in the growth and well-being of the Knickerbocker Club. A memorial service will be held in New York City at St. James' Episcopal Church, 865 Madison Ave. at 10:30AM on Thursday, January 18. Contributions in his memory may be sent to the attention of Laura James at the Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460. PIERREPONT-John. The Board of Trustees and Staff of the Wildlife Conservation Society are deeply saddened by the passing of our great friend and generous benefactor. A board-member since 1960, Jackie was a guiding force and one of WCS's most effective ambassadors. He served in a number of leadership roles including Treasurer and Chair of the Development and International Conservation Committees. His expertise helped drive an unprecedented expansion throughout the organization. In 1989, WCS honored Jackie by creating the John Pierrepont Wildfowl Marsh at the Bronx Zoo. With his hallmark knowledge, charm and wit, Jackie made so many friends for WCS. He was passionately involved in our mission to preserve wild animals and wild places around the world. Our sympathies to his wife, Nancy, and their family. David T. Schiff, Chairman James M. Large, Jr., Acting President PIERREPONT-John. We mourn the loss of Jack Pierrepont, our honorary board member, past president, chairman and honorary chairman. Jack was a special man, committed to helping others as exemplified by over 40 years of service to Lenox Hill Neighborhood House. He was a man of elegance, style and caring who contributed in countless ways to further our mission of helping people in need. We will miss him and send our condolences to his beloved family. Diana R. Quasha, President Nancy Wackstein, Exec Director Lenox Hill Neighborhood House PIERREPONT-John. A man of elegant courage, whose strong heart and noble spirit strengthened so many institutions in New York, and inspired so many of us, touched by his perpetual kindness. Our deepest sympathy to his extraordinary wife, Nancy, and his beloved children. Francis X. Morrissey, Jr. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
File:The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.jpg
Summary
Cover of the book, The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy, by Simon Blackburn, FreeKnowledgeCreator (talk) 21:43, 25 April 2014 (UTC) | WIKI |
Talk:Operation Gisela/GA1
GA Review
The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.''
Reviewer: MisterBee1966 (talk · contribs) 06:46, 23 June 2014 (UTC)
* What is the status of this review? It has been over a month since this was touched. Cheers, TLSuda (talk) 16:37, 25 July 2014 (UTC)
* I have addressed them all view the article. Just got to complete the colour-coding issue and I think that will be it. Dapi89 (talk) 18:26, 27 July 2014 (UTC)
* I am currently on vacation and can only edit from a mobile device. I approve the nomination. May I ask someone to close the nomination on my behalf? If not, I will follow up in two weeks. Sorry for the delay MisterBee1966 (talk) 12:25, 28 July 2014 (UTC)
* On behalf of User:MisterBee1966 I'm happy to promote this article to Good Article status. Cheers, TLSuda (talk) 14:10, 28 July 2014 (UTC)
* Thanks all. Dapi89 (talk) 16:49, 29 July 2014 (UTC) | WIKI |
1
I accidentally hit the insert key so often that I put some code in my .emacs to disable the overwrite-mode key binding:
(define-key global-map [(insert)] nil)
(define-key global-map [(control insert)] 'overwrite-mode)
This works fine when using emacs within X. However, when I run emacs in the terminal (with -nw or over ssh), insert still turns on overwrite mode.
How can I bind insert in a terminal?
1 Answer 1
2
Turns out that I needed to redefine the key binding for insertchar as opposed to just insert. This means adding
(define-key global-map [(insertchar)] nil)
to .emacs.
1
• 1
Note also that C-h k <insert> in a terminal would give you the key description <insertchar> and therefore you could use (kbd "<insertchar>") in your define-key call. C-h k always gives you a key sequence string that you can plug into kbd.
– phils
Mar 18, 2018 at 23:53
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-- Moody’s Keeps Irish Non-Investment Rating After Cypriot Crisis
Moody’s Investors Service
maintained Ireland’s non-investment rating and negative outlook,
citing risks in the euro area following the Cyprus bailout and
the poor asset quality of Irish banks. Moody’s affirmed Ireland’s Ba1 rating, one level below
investment grade. “Moody’s believes that Ireland’s vulnerability to wider
euro-area stresses has been reaffirmed by euro-area policy
makers’ handling of the Cyprus crisis,” Moody’s said in a
statement today. “The second driver for maintaining Ireland’s
sovereign rating on negative outlook is the continued poor asset
quality of Ireland’s banking system.” The approach by European leaders to Cyprus highlights an
“uncompromising and less predictable approach to crisis
management,” according to Moody’s, which also left Portugal ’s
ratings unchanged. While Ireland has made steady progress in
regaining market access, the country’s banks have yet to make
adequate provision for non-performing loans, according to
Moody’s. “Following the almost uninterrupted run of more favorable
news flow on the Irish economy and sovereign over recent months,
Moody’s provides what might be described as a reality check,”
said Dermot O’Leary, chief economist at Dublin-based Goodbody
Stockbrokers. Ireland, which sought a three-year bailout at the end of
2010, sold 5 billion euros ($6.4 billion) of bonds on March 13,
its first 10-year debt issue since the international rescue.
Finance Minister Michael Noonan has said the country is on track
to exit its 67.5 billion-euro aid program this year after
returning to debt markets, easing the cost of rescuing former
Anglo Irish Bank Corp. and selling some investments in its
financial system. Bank Aid Ireland has injected or pledged a gross 64 billion euros to
its debt-laden banks over the past four years. The extra yield investors demand to hold 10-year Irish debt
over comparable German bunds widened by 7 basis points from
yesterday to 306 points, as of 8:16 a.m. in Dublin. Moody’s affirmed its Ba3 rating and negative outlook on
Portugal, which followed Ireland into a bailout in 2011.
Portugal’s economy is weak, and government debt remains “very
high,” and the deficit continues to be large, Moody’s said in a
separate statement. Cyprus reached an agreement in the early hours of March 25
with the European Union and the International Monetary Fund,
whereby uninsured deposits above 100,000 euros face as much as
40 percent losses at Bank of Cyprus Pcl, the country’s largest
bank. Cyprus Popular Bank Pcl, the second biggest, will be wound
down, hitting uninsured depositors and bondholders. The original
plan, rejected by the Cypriot parliament, imposed a levy on all
deposits to raise 5.8 billion euros. To contact the reporters on this story:
Joe Brennan in Dublin at
jbrennan29@bloomberg.net ;
Finbarr Flynn at
fflynn3@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Edward Evans at
eevans3@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
What Is Lymphatic Massage (and what the heck is the Lymphatic System??)
Updated: Apr 21
You can live three weeks without food.
You can live three days without water.
Without a lymphatic system?
Just a single day.
Lymphatic massage relieves inflammation and pain
Got inflammation & pain? Lymphatic drainage massage can help.
This system is essential for our health, wellbeing, and survival as humans, yet very few of us even know it exists, much less understand how to take care of it.
If you have an inflammatory condition like Fibromyalgia, IBS, or arthritis…
If your body has experienced acute trauma like a car accident, surgery/liposuction, or pregnancy…
If you always feel tired and have chronic pain that medication can’t seem to fix...
Most likely, you have a lymphatic problem.
What does the Lymphatic System do?
If you’re like 99% of people, you never learned about this one in school. At its core, the lymphatic system is a circulatory system that provides immunity, removes toxic waste, and regulates fluid levels. Here’s a simple way to understand it:
Your cells live in lymph, like fish live in water.
Is this what YOUR cells are living in?
Imagine an aquarium. It has a working filter, clear water, and healthy happy fish. But the owner is a little neglectful, and doesn’t clean the tank regularly (or at all). They don’t change the filter either. Over weeks and months, the water gets cloudy, grime builds up, and the fish start to get sick and die.
Much like fish in an aquarium, your cells live in a fluid called “lymph.” Except for your nails and hair, your entire body is bathed in lymph. (In fact, at any given moment, you have TWICE as much lymph in your body as blood.)
Lymph is rich with white blood cells, and it flows through the body cleaning out yucky stuff like bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungus, inflammation, and cellular waste. It starts in your tissues throughout your body, and gets filtered through lymph nodes (mega-cleaning centers) on its way back to central distribution (e.g. your bloodstream).
Lymphatic system filters 3 liters of fluid daily
Your lymphatic system filters the equivalent of a big bottle of Coke every single day!
This is a big job: your lymphatic system filters 2-3 liters of fluid EVERY DAY!
And yet, unlike your blood supply system, your lymphatic system doesn’t have a heart pump to keep fluid in motion.
If it gets congested or stagnant… Your cells are no longer bathing in magical self-repair water. Instead, they’re bathing in toxic waste.
No wonder you start to feel heavy, tired, sick, inflamed, and in pain. Your limbs may visibly swell as fluid collects. Even your brain is soaking in toxic waste. Then the body starts ringing its favorite alarm bell - pain.
How lymphatic drainage massage helps:
Remember that your lymph needs to stay in motion to do its job - otherwise it’s just sitting there gathering waste. If the body can't rid of cellular waste during the healing process, the inflammation simply stays in the tissues causing pain.
Fortunately, we can manually move lymph with our hands!
Lymphatic drainage massage moves fluid through watersheds
Lymph flows in a specific path, like rivers in a watershed.
Lymphatic massage follows a specific protocol to move lymph through the “watersheds” of your body and towards unburdened lymph nodes with gentle, sweeping strokes.
This process also activates your parasympathetic nervous system, switching your body to its rest-and-digest mode which supports quick healing and lets you feel relaxed and safe.
This reduces swelling, relieves pain, speeds up cellular regeneration, detoxifies the body, and boosts your immunity.
It’s incredibly healing for a whole host of issues, because we’re not addressing the issue directly (e.g. ankle sprain). Instead, we’re empowering your self-healing system. And when your lymphatic system is working better, wellness becomes abundant.
But don’t take my word for it...
The Research - Does lymphatic massage really work?
The primary reason for seeking lymphatic massage is to reduce swelling. A 2011 study by American College of Rheumatology gave lymphatic massage to 35 patients with swelling in their hands once a week for 5 weeks. They saw significant reduction in hand size and swelling that was maintained at a follow-up evaluation 9 weeks later. (Source)
The Karolinska Institute in Sweden performed a study with 17 women who have fibromyalgia to see if lymphatic massage would be an effective pain management tool. Participants received an hour of massage over the course of the month, and the results were very exciting: “Pain, stiffness, sleep, sleepiness, and well-being all improved during the treatment period. Two months after treatment cessation, significant improvement remained in pain.” (Source)
What about client reports that lymphatic massage is good for mental health? Kangwon National University did a study with 111 participants to test the effect of lymphatic massage on the nervous system. They did a brief 15 minute session around the neck and found significant benefits for stress, pain, and anxiety. The researchers said “It is recommended that lymphatic massage be considered as one of the manual therapies for subjects with psychological stress.” (Source)
One study tested the benefits of lymphatic massage for breast cancer related lymphoedema in 31 women. Not only did lymphatic massage significantly reduce swelling and limb size, participants also reported more restful sleep, less pain, a sense of body lightness, and overall better quality of life. (Source)
Ready to feel better?
I'm a Seattle massage therapist who offers lymphatic massage therapy. Click here to schedule your relief online.
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Prediction of claudication pain from clinical measurements obtained at rest
Andrew W. Gardner, James S. Skinner, Bradford W. Cantwell, L. Kent Smith
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
50 Scopus citations
Abstract
The ability to predict claudication pain during single-stage (S) and progressive (P) treadmill protocols from clinical measurements obtained at rest was examined. Peripheral hemodynamic measurements from the more severely diseased lower limb and medical history data were obtained from 56 claudicant patients during supine rest immediately preceding S (1.5 mph and 7.5% grade) and P (2 mph, 0% grade with 2% increase every 2 min) treadmill protocols. Distance walked to onset of claudication pain (CPD) and to maximal pain (MPD) during both protocols were recorded. The claudication distances during the S protocol were not correlated with either the peripheral hemodynamic or medical history variables. In contrast, CPD and MPD during the P protocol were predicted (P < 0.05) by ankle/brachial systolic blood pressure index (ABI) (quadratic relationship), laterality of claudication pain (1 = unilateral, 2 = bilateral), and gender (1 = female, 2 = male) from the following regression equations: CDP(m) = 159.9 - (321.8 x ABI) + (445.6 x ABI2) - (93.5 x laterality) + (99.0 x gender), R = 0.74, R2 = 0.55, adjusted R2 = 0.53, SEE = 110.5, P< 0.0001; and MPD (m) = 83.1 + (195.0 x ABI) + (174.0 x ABI2) - (76.4 x laterality) + (114.2 x gender), R = 0.76, R2 = 0.58, adjusted R2 = 0.55, SEE = 138.3, P< 0.0001. It is concluded that the regression equations for the prediction of CPD and MPD may be used to quickly estimate the functional severity of peripheral vascular occlusive disease in clinical settings where treadmill testing is not feasible or is impractical.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)163-170
Number of pages8
JournalMedicine and science in sports and exercise
Volume24
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 1992
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
• Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
• Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
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Warren Fahey
Warren John Fahey AM (born 3 January 1946) is an Australian folklore collector, cultural historian, author, actor, broadcaster, record and concert producer, visual artist, songwriter, and performer of Australian traditional and related historical music. He is the founder of Folkways Music (1973), Larrikin Records (1974) and a folk music ensemble, the Larrikins (1975).
Fahey has received numerous awards for his folklore efforts, including the 2010 Don Banks Music Award.
Early life
Warren John Fahey was born on 3 January 1946 and grew up in Sydney. His father, George Fahey, and mother, Deborah (née Solomon), were each members of large families. Fahey attended Marist Brothers College, Kogarah.
Career
Fahey has a distinguished career as a folklorist and collector of oral histories. His collection has been housed in the National Library of Australia since 1973.
As a performer he tells Australian folk stories, recites bush poetry, and sings either solo or with The Larrikins, The Celebrated Knickers & Knockers Band, and the Australian Bush Orchestra. Lahey started performing in 1969 and has a repertoire of bush songs, early ballads, city ditties and associated folklore including poetry, drinking toasts and parodies. He presents entertainment programs based on his books at various Writers Week festivals as well as performances at folk and regional arts festivals. He plays an English Edeophone concertina.
Folklore unit and Folkways Music
In 1970 Fahey began a folklore unit in Sydney where he collects material of cultural significance. His Australian folklore unit has been collecting and annotating Australian folklore for nearly 50 years and made available in his books, radio programs, concerts and, on his website. In 1973 he established Folkways Music as a "retail music outlet specialising in folkloric recordings and publications." The store supplied "records, books, sheet music and instruments" and commenced "as a means to financing its proprietor's collecting activities. It received no government assistance, and for its first year was subsidised by advertising work."
Larrikin Records
Fahey founded Larrikin Records in 1974 "to publish and commercially release extended play recordings featuring Australian traditional folk music and songs for both educational and entertainment purposes." The label's first album, Man of the Earth: Songs and Ballads of the Australian Mining Industry (1975), produced by Lahey, credited Fahey on lead vocals; Dave de Hugard on concertina, button accordion and fiddle; Phyl Lobl on guitar, Mike Jackson on mouth organ and spoons; Andy Saunders on 5-string banjo and guitar; and Tony Suttor on accordion. Fahey also produced the album. By 1995, the record company was one of the largest independent distributors in Australia, and was acquired by Festival Records.
Larrikin Music, a publishing company Fahey sold in 1988 owns the rights to the well-known children's "Kookaburra song". In a high-profile case that began in 2009, Norm Lurie, then the managing director of Music Sales, Larrikin Music's parent company, sued the group Men at Work for using its melody in 5 bars of their 93-bar song "Down Under." After the Down Under court case, Fahey, who had nothing to do with the court case, suggested that the copyright owners of the Kookaburra, Larrikin Music, 'gift' the song to Australia.
The Larrikins
In 1971 Fahey formed a folk music ensemble, the Larrikins. In April 1975 the Larrikins undertook a tour of north-western Australia, to perform "folk-army songs, bush songs, bush poetry and yarns, bush dance music." The band issued an album, Limejuice and Vinegar (1977), with the line-up of Fahey and Suttor (on button accordion and Anglo concertina) joined by Ned Alexander on fiddle; Liora Claff on guitar and whistle; Jack Fallis on mandolin and guitar; and Paddy McLaughlin on banjo. It was re-released in 1985, with the content described as "Traditional Australian seamen's and boatmen's songs." The Larrikins toured for Musica Viva and the Arts Council circuit for the past 40 years.
Other appearances
Fahey has performed at the National Folk Festival (2001, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009), Majors Creek Music Festival (twice), Victor Harbour Festival, Araluen Folk Festival WA and, in 2009, The Blue Mountains Festival, National Folk Festival and Cobargo Festival. In 2001, he hosted and performed at the Belongings Exhibition for the State Library of NSW for the Governor-General, and then at the re-opening of the Mitchell Library with a performance for the Governor of NSW and the Premier.
In 2006 he performed a song cycle world premiere performance of Andrew Ford's 'Barleycorn' for the Brisbane Festival. Lahey was artistic director of the ten-day Australian Spotlight, Lorient Festival, Brittany, France, on behalf of the Australian Government.
Fahey is a regular broadcaster on ABC Radio.
Art, film, and acting
In 2010, Fahey devised, scripted, recorded and co-produced (with visual artist Mic Gruchy) a major multi-screen art installation commissioned by the Biennale of Sydney titled Damned Souls and Turning Wheels, a history of Cockatoo Island. In 2012, he was Artistic Producer for the Kings Cross Festival. 2014 saw Lahey return to collaborating with video artist Mic Gruchy to devise and create a series of films on the history of Rookwood Cemetery for the Rookwood Trust.
In 2015, Fahey and Max Cullen co-wrote and performed the two-hand stage play Dead Men Talking, Cullen playing Henry Lawson and Warren Fahey portrayed Banjo Paterson. The first tour covered the mid-NSW coast in a twelve-night tour. Since March 2015 through to May 2016 the play has been performed nearly 250 times including successful tours in NSW, Tasmania, ACT and Victoria. The actors toured west New South Wales and Victoria in 2019.
In January 2016 Fahey presented three sold-out shows of 40 Ways To Love Your City celebrating the 40th anniversary of the Sydney Festival. These shows were staged in the Famous Spiegel Tent in Sydney's Hyde Park. In August 2019 he was artistic director for the Sydney Folk Festival, a three-day event staged in Sydney Central with over 150 performers.
Selected publications
* All at Sea – Australian Maritime Traditions, Bodgie Books. ebook 2017
* The Good Old Bad Old Days – a curious history of Woolloomooloo, Potts Point, Kings Cross, Elizabeth & Rushcutters Bay, Bodgie Books 2017"
* The World Turned Upside-down – a history of the Australian Gold Rush, Bodgie Books
* Australia: Its Folksongs & Bush Verse, ABC Books
* Australia: Its Folksongs & Bush Ballads, ABC/HarperCollins
* Sing Us Anothery Dirty As Buggery. – Australian bawdry, Bodgie Books
* Manar: a Potts Point local history, Bodgie Books
* Old Bush Songs – the centenary edition (with Graham Seal), ABC
* Classic Bush Yarns, HarperCollins
* Great Aussie Yarns, A&R
* The Big Fat Book of Aussie Jokes: Australian humour at work in the 21st Century, HarperCollins
* Ratbags & Rabblerousers – Australian political parody and satire in the 20th century, Currency Press
* Diggers' Songs – the songs Australian diggers sang in eleven wars from the Maori Wars to the Gulf War, Australian Military History Press
* When Mabel Laid The Table – the folklore of eating and drinking in Australia from colonial days to takeaways, ABC
* The Balls of Bob Menzies – Australian political folklore from Federation onwards, A&R
* The Songs That Made Australia – 107 bush songs, A&R
* Australian Folksong Guide – the bush band, CBC
* Eureka. – the social history of Australia as seen through song, Ominbus
* Pint Pot & Billy. A selection of Australian songs, William Collins
* Joe Watson – his life and times, Folklore Associates
* While The Billy Boils, ABC
* Folklore of the Australian Wedding, Bodgie Books
* While The Billy Boils. Australian history (with accompanying 16 tape set), ABC
* Tucker Track: the curious history of Australian food, ABC
* Oxford Companion to Australian Folklore, Oxford University Press
* The Stockman, Kevin Weldon Publishing
* The Companion to Australian Music, Currency Press
* Missing in Action, MUP
* Australian Almanac 1989/1991/1992, Angus & Robertson/HC
* Verandah Music, Curtin University
* Folklore Essays (edited Graham Seal/Jennifer Gall) 2010 Curtin University Press
Awards and nominations
* In 1997 Member of the Order of Australia, "In recognition of service to Australian music and Australian folklore, particularly as a record producer, broadcaster, author, folklore collector and performer".
* In 2001, Centenary Medal
* In 2004, Judith Hosier Award: Bush Laureate Golden Gumleaf Award for lifetime achievement in bush balladry 2004.
* In 2013, Rebel Studios released a one-hour bio documentary on Fahey's work titled Larrikin Lad which was screened on SBS and released as a DVD by ABC Video. The documentary was selected to be screened on Qantas for four months of 2014.
* In 2015, Australian Sound Recording Association Life Achievement Award.
ARIA Music Awards
The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. They commenced in 1987.
! Ref.
* 2009
* Australia: Folk Songs & Bush Verse
* Best World Music Album
* Nominated
* Nominated
Don Banks Music Award
The Don Banks Music Award was established in 1984 to publicly honour a senior artist of high distinction who has made an outstanding and sustained contribution to music in Australia. It was founded by the Australia Council in honour of Don Banks, Australian composer, performer and the first chair of its music board.
* 2010
* Warren Fahey
* Don Banks Music Award
* awarded
* awarded | WIKI |
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calvintwr
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Database "Stuff" I Wished I Knew About For NodeJS - Part 2- Postgres
So now that we have covered the use-cases for MongoDB and Postgres in Part 1, let's talk about how to use Postgres with NodeJS.
First off, you don't need to know SQL to use anything SQL, like PostgreSQL. I have written less SQL in my life than I have written poems to my wife. And I am not romantic.
Also I promise this is not one of those "10/20/30 best modules" articles, which looked like a lot of copy, and paste, and paraphrasing, and even still recommending modules deprecated in 2019 as one of the best in 2020.
This here, is my many years of experience, scribed.
Why Postgres?
Postgres has been around for a very long time since its inception in 1996, developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It was commonly seen as "more advanced" than MySQL. On the other hand, MySQL focused on simplicity but compromised performance. It caught on with the mainstream. It didn't mattered back in those days of of pre-2000, data didn't scale at the rate that it is now.
Postgres is anything but ancient, because it is constantly being updated. In fact it is so powerful and reliable, very big corporations like banks uses it for its consistency and speed. And the benefits are immense:
1. Very mature, time tested and proven.
2. Very constantly updated.
3. Which also means it always gets new features.
4. Very fast.
Apples are red and oranges are orange.
I won't go into the details of what makes Postgres faster than MongoDB, as there are many articles out there on this.
In general, where data is relational, Postgres is almost always faster than MongoDB -- which makes it most of the time true because most data are relational. For non-relational data, even though Postgres also support schema-less storage with JSON fields, this is where MongoDB wins hands down.
Suffice to say, I have read many of these articles/researches, and concluded that you just have to use the right database for the right purpose -- apples are apples and cannot be compared to oranges. People who say that Postgres is also great for NoSQL with JSON fields, are as baseless as those who say MongoDB are great for relational data.
The worst reason to use MongDB
So you can write JavaScipt, but Structured Query Language (SQL) looks completely alien. This is not the reason to choose MongoDB.
Whatever SQL database you use, you don't have to write any SQL, period.
To do away with writing clunky SQL, there are JavaScript query builders and ORMs to access SQL databases using modern and simple Javascript syntax, much like MongoDB's syntax (not convinced? browse through my tutorial to build instagram, you will not see any SQL).
Query-builders and ORM
So what are query builders and Object Relational Mapper?
Query Builders - Knex
Query builders allows you to use Javascript syntax to write your queries. The best one out there is Knex:
knex('users').where({
first_name: 'Test',
last_name: 'User'
}).select('id')
Which is essentially in SQL like this:
select `id` from `users` where `first_name` = 'Test' and `last_name` = 'User'
And if you are a speed demon, you can choose to write raw SQLs. But with such thin overheads that Knex has, it makes perfect sense to use Knex to drastically improved readability.
In limited cases, raw SQLs makes sense where libraries have not kept up with new high-level SQL features, or included those that are seldom used. If not, for most cases, debugging a tower of SQL codes doesn't differentiate well with other tortious activities such as burning in hell or watching Cats.
ORM
ORM is essentially one abstraction-level above query builders. It allows you to define your database schema, and unlocks are more intuitive syntax. Using an ORM, one doesn't need to think in traditional terms of tables, rows and columns. It would be more intuitive, in terms of relationships between entities. Hold this thought, which you will understand through reading the syntax of ORMs.
1. SequelizeJS
This is by far the most complete ORM. It uses a await/async/defer/promise-styled syntax that is very readable and maintainable.
I personally prefer the promise-styled syntax (but if you check out their v6 documentation, they have transited to async/await style):
// User table
const User = sequelize.define('User', {
firstName: { type: DataTypes.STRING },
lastName: { type: DataTypes.STRING }
})
// Post table
const Post = sequelize.define('Post', {
title: { type: DataTypes.STRING },
caption: { type: DataTypes.STRING }
})
// association
User.hasMany(Post)
Post.belongsTo(User)
// query
User.find({
where: { firstName: 'John' },
include: { model: Post }
}).then(user => {
// `user` will contain information about John, and all his posts.
// send data back to requestor
})
Notice how, like I mentioned, you think of data in terms of entities like User and Post, and not in tables, columns and rows.
All the features you need, like transactions
I have used Sequelize extensively, and it really has all the features and customisations that any applications will need. For advanced users, check out how transactions are easily implemented, say when you need to create a user at the same time with a new post:
sequelize.transaction((t) => {
return User.create({
firstName: 'Abraham',
lastName: 'Lincoln'
}, { transaction: t }).then(user => {
user.addPost({
title: 'My first post',
caption: 'I just joined!'
}, { transaction: t })
})
}).catch(error => {
// handle the error
})
So if something downstream, like the creation of a Post has errors, the creation of User will be rolled back. This is a critical feature, such as for building a bank application: if you run a query to update multiple bank account balances, failure to update any account balance should roll back all the updates, else you will end up with missing money.
Documentation
SequelizeJS has an extensive documentation, but can be difficult to understand sometimes. This is where its customisability does itself in -- there are just too many use-cases to cover. This is addressed partially by using its own Command Line Interface, which generates default codes for connecting to databases, and defining models. And then for more advanced usage, the better way I find is to look for github examples or stackoverflow answers.
Protip: Or like one of the main maintainers Mick Hanson likes to tell me, to read the tests. I have grown to find that this is a very useful way of figuring out the syntax not just for sequelize, but for all other modules.
Common complains about ORM - slow
Yes, feature-rich one like Sequelize adds a lot of overheads and can become very slow. But because it is very customisable; you can switch off some of it features, or even use raw queries for speed.
Augment ORM with query builders
Also, this is where Knex comes in if you do not want to use raw SQL, even though most ORMs will allow raw queries with very thin overheads. But then again, I already addressed the point about raw SQLs and burning in hell.
2. Bookshelf
Bookshelf is based on Knex, and came on as an early competitor to SequelizeJS. It values speed and simplicity, but compromises on features. It also supports major features like eager loading (just means loading a model with its associated models) and transactions. But in general, I don't find any real reasons to use Bookshelf over Sequelize.
3. TypeORM
(Note: @philschonholzer commented that TypeORM development appears to have stalled. It looks like a potential TypeScript replacement could be Mikro ORM. Having only browsed through the documentation, I think it’s okay but similarly not as mature as Sequelize.)
TypeORM is much newer than Sequelize and hence naturally has a more modern internal syntax (which really isn't something you need to bother). Also, as its name suggest, it is written in TypeScript, which attracted many collaborators from the TypeScript bandwagon.
Code Reliability
I am tempted to say that TypeScript codebases should usually be more reliable. But for TypeORM, at time of this writing it has less than half the amount of dependents compared to SequelizeJS (based on npmjs, TypeORM has 1.5k dependents, and SequelizeJS has 3.7k). But in terms of issues, TypeORM has more than double that of Sequelize (1.8k vs 800). However, suffice to say, both libraries are very heavily assailed by tests and are reliable enough.
Also, if you are developing TypeScript, then TypeORM is a viable piece so that you won't have a JS module disturbing "homogeneity", albeit I find this hardly a reason.
Some say, if you use TypeScript, choose TypeORM
You may have come across this reason if you read comments and articles online. I just don't think there is much logic in this reasoning.
Logically, beyond what is already abstracted away, you would still write TS normally when querying the models. Yes, you are missing out on some autocompletes. But for an ORM it hardly matters, and this is exactly my practical experience. Plus TypeScript can sometimes be quite inflexible and an overkill.
It is also more clunky to define models in TypeORM, which doesn't look very readable, and makes Javascript look like C#/Java:
import {Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column} from "typeorm";
@Entity()
export class User {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: number;
@Column()
firstName: string;
@Column()
lastName: string;
}
Features and Documentation
Also, being newer, it has less features compared to Sequelize, and will take time to catch up. Likewise, its documentation also needs a lot more work. Nonetheless, the protip mentioned earlier remains true, which is you can always read the tests to get hints of how to use certain features.
Overall I think TypeORM can be selected over Sequelize given it has potential to improve over time. But to be sure, I will advise that you study their documentations before deciding if you can survive without some features that Sequelize has, but missing from TypeORM.
4. ObjectionJS
ObjectionJS is quite a stellar effort to simplify the syntax, where it could have been slightly more complicated in Sequelize or TypeORM. However, it is much, much leaner in terms of features, and provided no real advantages over Sequelize or TypeORM, except perhaps some performance gains with much less overheads.
Conclusion
I think in terms of the value proposition for Postgres, it is clear that in my experience, it will be one major component of your database mix. The main point is to use a database, whether SQL or not, for the right purpose. And that please don't shun away from Postgres (or any relational database for that matter) because you cannot write SQL -- because there are query builders and ORMs. And in terms of comparing what is out there, Sequelize and TypeORM are very viable choices that will cover what you need to build a fast, maintainable and modern application.
Top comments (5)
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arung86 profile image
Arun Kumar G
@calvintwr , great post. I read at the very right time. Just started a project, I got some confidence to use PG over mongodb.
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calvintwr profile image
calvintwr
Thanks for that. Remember to read Part 1 to get the complete picture. There are use-cases where you should use MongoDB. And it might perhaps even be the case that you need both in tandem.
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tombohub profile image
tombohub
I would appreciate if you write actual experience instead of generic stuff
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philschonholzer profile image
Philip Schönholzer
The development of TypeORM also seems to have stalled. Wound not suggest it anymore.
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calvintwr profile image
calvintwr
Right, thanks for the comment. I dug up a bit more and found that they have run into capacity issues. Will amend the article. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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