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Russian Craft Docks With Space Station
The Russian Soyuz craft bearing the first woman to command the International Space Station, Peggy A. Whitson, left, docked with the station. The capsule ferried Dr. Whitson; Col. Yuri I. Malenchenko, a Russian flight engineer; and Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Malaysia’s first astronaut. This is Ms. Whitson’s second six-month stay on the station; she served as a science officer aboard the orbiting laboratory in 2002. The change of command will occur Oct. 19, and she will greet the crew of the shuttle Discovery, which is expected to launch Oct. 23. The Discovery will also be commanded by a woman, Col. Pamela A. Melroy, retired from the Air Force, and will carry a new module to the station. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
LJLogM - Windows Only | LabJack
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Datasheets and User Guides
App Notes
Software & Driver
LJLogM - Windows Only
Supported devices
Download
The application LJLogM is included with the main installation package.
For LabVIEW programmers, the source code is available in the LabVIEW_LJM archive.
Beta Version
There is a beta version of LJLogM available that is much more capable than the release version here.
LabJack Beta Logging Application
LJLogM
LJLogM is a simple ready-to-run executable that logs up to 16 input registers from a single device. It displays selected channels on a graph and writes data to file. Generally used for ≤100 scans/second.
LJLogM uses command-response mode which is typically used at 100 scans/second or slower. See Section 3 and Appendix A-1 of the T7 Datasheet for more information.
Most of the user settings are saved in LJLogM.cfg. This file is read when the program is first run and if it does not exist default values will be loaded. This file is written when the program is closed to save the settings at the time of close. This file it not intended for direct editing by the user. To make a backup of the settings, simply make a copy of LJLogM.cfg. Then later to use those settings again, close LJLogM, delete or rename LJLogM.cfg, rename the backup file to LJLogM.cfg, and then run LJLogM.
If you have changed some settings and are having problems, close the program and delete "LJLogM.cfg", then open again and you will have the default settings. If you have problems related to opening the device, also delete "LJLogM_open.cfg". For problems related to the working directory location, see "Change Working Directory" below.
LJLog vs. LJStream: We suggest that you use LJLogM if possible, and only if you need to go too fast for LJLogM do you then switch to LJStreamM. LJLogM uses command-response mode, so it acquires and processes 1 scan at a time at the specified interval and is generally used for ≤100 scans/second. LJStreamM uses stream mode, so each iteration it retrieves and processes 1 seconds worth of scans and is generally used for >100 scans/second. See Section 3 and Appendix A-1 of the T7 Datasheet for more information.
LJLogM vs. LJLogUD: LJLogM supports the T-series. LJLogUD supports the U3, U6, and UE9.
Logging from Multiple Devices: It is possible to log from multiple devices at once by copying and renaming LJLogM.exe then running both the original and copied LJLogM applications. LJLogM.exe can be found by pasting %HOMEDRIVE%\Program Files (x86)\LabJack\Applications in the Windows File Explorer address bar.
Control Descriptions
# Channels: 1-16.
Interval (ms): Interval at which this program attempts to scan all channels, update the screen, and write to file. If those actions take longer than the interval you specify, the program will simply run as fast as it can each iteration. Use Tables A.1.2 and A.1.4 to estimate how long your samples will take, plus add some ms of overhead for LJLogM itself which will depend on the PC (test with #Channels=1, Interval=0 and "FIO0" as the name in the first row). To determine how fast LJLogM is actually iterating, look at the indicator "ms per iteration" or the timestamps in the data file.
DevType, ConnType, & SerialNumber (Opening): These indicators display information about the device that has been opened. To control what device is opened, edit the LJLogM_open.cfg file that can be found in the working directory. Unlike LJLogM.cfg, LJLogM_open.cfg is intended to be directly edited by the user. If you don't see it, make sure you have opened & closed LJLogM at least once after installation. This file has an intro line and then 3 lines to specify Device Type, Connection Type, and Identifier. The default values are ANY-ANY-ANY, meaning that LJLogM will open the first device it can find. For further information see Section 2.1 of the LJM User's Guide. Example: [Main] (1st line of config file), DeviceType=t7 (2nd line), ConnectionType=ethernet (3rd line), Identifier=192.168.1.207 (4th line). If you mess up the config file, just delete it and then open & close the application so it will make a new default one.
This provides a way to run multiple instances at the same time talking to different devices. Make a copy of LJLogM.exe called LJLogM2.exe, run LJLogM2, set the working directly as desired, and close LJLogM2. Now edit both LJLogM_open.cfg and LJLogM2_open.cfg to specify the device for each to open. Requires LJLogM 1.05 or higher.
Name: Specify the desired register Name for each row. For example, the first row defaults to AIN0, but could be just about any readable register such as AIN9, EIO2, WIFI_STATUS, DIO0_EF_READ_A_F, or AIN3_EF_READ_A. Any related configuration, such as Range & ResolutionIndex for analog inputs, needs to be done in Kipling before running LJLogM.
Scaling Equations: Should be something like "y=a", where "y" is the scaled output and "a" is the input voltage of the 1st row. "b" through "p" would be the input voltage of the rest of the rows. Everything after "//" is ignored, so use for comments. A few examples:
y=c // Scaled value equal to raw value from 3rd row
y=100*c // EI-1034/LM34 voltage to deg F
y=c-273.15 // deg K to deg C
y=((c-273.15)*9/5)+32 // deg K to deg F
y=TCVoltsToTemp[K:c:a] // Type K, t/c voltage from 3rd row, CJ temp from 1st row
For more details see the LJLog/Stream Scaling Equations page.
Write To File: Click this to start and stop writing to file. The resulting file is a tab-delimited ASCII file. Files are written with a .dat extension. To quickly open in Excel or Open Office Calc, change the extension to .xls or .ods. To import to a Google Spreadsheet, make the extension .tsv before uploading.
The first column in the file is a timestamp of seconds since midnight January 1st (Universal Time), 1904. For more information about presenting this timestamp in Microsoft Excel or Open Office Calc see the LJLogUD & LJLogM Timestamps page.
Each row of logged data typically requires ~18 bytes for the timestamp plus ~11 bytes per channel. So it you log 8 channels once per second for 60 seconds that would be about (18 + 11*8) * 60 = 6360 bytes on the hard drive, and a 1 TB hard drive could hold a few hundreds of years of such data.
Data File Prefix: LJStreamM uses this as the base string when it makes a file name. When LJLogM starts a new file, it appends a "_#" to the specified prefix, where "#" is the first unused number from 0-99999.
Max File Size (Bytes): When the current data file exceeds this limit, the file is closed and a new file is started.
Change Working Directory: Click this to select the directory where the config file and data files will be saved. After navigating to the desired directory in the pop-up window, click "Select Cur Dir" at the bottom-right. For more details see the LJLog/Stream Working Directory page.
Graph History: Controls how many scans are shown on the graph. The graph is similar to a strip chart, and simply shows the last n scans. To clear the graph, change something in the "Graph?" array of buttons.
# of iterations: Increments by one each time the program loops.
ms per iteration: Displays the actual time in milliseconds of each iteration. Watch to see if this is greater than the value specified for Interval.
Configuration
LJLogM does not do configuration. If you need to do configuration, such as setting the Range of an analog input to a non-default value, you will need to use Kipling. Close LJLogM, run Kipling, use various tabs to configure everything as desired, and then go to the Power-Up Defaults tab and save the current settings.
Revision History
Beta versions are available on the Beta LJLogM page.
1.05: Set minimum value of #Channels to 1. Fixed problem where name of the exe was not detected properly. Fixed issue where you could never decrease the number of channels shown on graph. Changed version check sub-vi so it only shows prompt when new version available, not on version check errors. Changed scaling sub-VIs to use LJM thermocouple function rather than LJUD function.
1.04: Skipped version number.
1.03: Added support for SignedLSWMSW[lsw:msw] function in scaling equations to handle quadrature reads. For efficiency, scaling equations now skipped if no scaling is needed (e.g. y=a).
1.02: Changed all text to Segoe UI font so screen items are aligned regardless of system font size. Changed to show scroll bars.
1.01: Changed to use this application's filename (w/o extension) to create the names of the config files and registry entry. Added "Write To File" control to items saved in config file, so the application will now remember how this control was last set.
1.00: First version.
7 comments
Hi
I am using Labjack T7 Pro OEM version. As a software tool I am using Python and operating system is Ubuntu 14.04. I would like to log a signal that is connected to the Labjack to a file. Can you please give me some guideline on how to log data to a file ?
Thanks
To get started, the Python examples are here:
http://labjack.com/support/ljm/examples/python
As for logging to a file, at a desired interval get your readings and a timestamp from your system, then write the timestamp and readings to a file in a format of your choice (for example, comma-separated values) for that interval. Our Python examples will demonstrate driver usage and some do readings in a loop. To get a timestamp, you can use time.time() or other time function. To write to a file, look at the Reading and Writing Files. Also, there is a helpful csv class for writing/reading comma-separated files. To read at a certain interval, use a loop with a delay or the threading.Timer class.
Here's a Python demo that demonstrates logging an AIN every 1 second for 10 seconds using the Timer class (note the code does not account for overlapping timers):
t7_logging_demo.py
Trying to datalog both thermocouple and pressure transducer signals in LJMLogM and not sure how to get it to display temperature instead of raw voltages for the analog inputs. Configured the inputs in Kipling 3 and saved as power up defaults but still not displaying correctly. Thanks in advance for any help/insight you may be able to offer.
Does Kipling show the temperature correctly? Note that AIN# will always read voltage ... you want to read AIN#_EF_READ_A in LJLogM. See more details in the AIN-EF Thermocouples Section.
I didn't realize you read the register from the name column. Everything is working correctly now. Thanks!
Hi,
I'm using LJLogM to acquire signals of different sensors.
In the stored file, I have a row like this one:
3514471589,387000 1,100569 24,229422 20,360629 20,920007 39,526653
How can I convert in "real time" (e.g. seconds) the values in the first column?
Thanks
I updated the information above. See the description of "Write To File". | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Hornets Nest
Hornets Nest or hornet's nest may refer to:
Places
* Hornets Nest, Virginia, an unincorporated community in Gloucester County
* Charlotte, North Carolina, nicknamed The Hornet's Nest and home to the Charlotte Hornets
Arts and entertainment
* The Hornet's Nest (1919), American drama film directed by James Young
* Hornet's Nest (1923 film), British drama film directed by Walter West
* The Hornet's Nest (1955 film), British comedy film
* Hornets' Nest (1970), an Italian-American war film directed by Phil Karlson
* Hornet's Nest (novel), a 1997 novel
* The Hornet's Nest: A Novel of the Revolutionary War, a 2003 novel by former president Jimmy Carter
* Hornets' Nest (audio drama), a 2009 Doctor Who audio play
* The Hornet's Nest (2014), an American documentary film about the Afghanistan War
Other uses
* Hornet's Nest (Civil War), a salient held by the Union army in the 1862 Battle of Shiloh
* Hornets Nest (Sacramento State), a gymnasium at California State University, Sacramento
* Hornet's nest, an insect nest | WIKI |
William Hutchinson (footballer)
William Hutchinson was an English professional footballer who played as an inside forward. He played for Alston before joining Football League Second Division side Burnley in August 1904. He played his only senior match for Burnley on 10 September 1904 in the 0–4 defeat away at Bolton Wanderers. Hutchinson left the club in 1904, and his whereabouts thereafter are untraced. | WIKI |
Data types: float
Represents a floating-point number with single-precision.
Type syntax
float
Literal syntax
+/-decimal‑literal.decimal‑literale+/-decimal‑literal
Discussion
The floating-point numbers are expressed in the decimal-point notation with an optional + or - sign put in front of the number and an optional exponent after a trailing e. The literals can be used within expressions wherever a float operand is expected. The type name float, in turn, is designated to be used in declarations of data members. For example:
var float angle = 90.0;
var float voltage = -5.13;
var float current = 1.3e-3;
Floating point precision
Generally, the programming language Chora assumes the float data type and the associated operations as being performed with at least 32-bit single precision. This may differ on target systems supporting the floating-point data type with double precision (64-bit).
Instant properties
With the following instant properties you can evaluate status or the value of a float operand:
Instant property name
Short description
abs
Represents the absolute value of the given float operand.
ceil
Represents the next highest integer value of a float operand.
floor
Represents the next lowest integer value of a float operand.
fract
Represents the fractional part of a float operand.
isinf
Verifies the Infinity (+INF or -INF) status of a float operand.
isinfn
Verifies the Negative Infinity (-INF) status of a float operand.
isinfp
Verifies the Positive Infinity (+INF) status of a float operand.
isnan
Verifies the Not a Number (NAN) status of a float operand.
round
Represents the float operand rounded to the next lowest or highest integer value.
trunc
Represents the float operand rounded by removing the fractional part.
Arithmetic operations
You can combine a float operand with other operands to arithmetic expressions. The following table provides an overview of the possible operations:
Operator
Short description
+
Addition
-
Subtraction
*
Multiplication
/
Division
Comparison operations
You can compare two float operands in order to test whether these are equal or not. The following table provides an overview of the possible operations:
Operator
Short description
==
Equality
!=
Inequality
<
Less than
>
Greater than
<=
Less than or equal
>=
Greater than or equal
Type conversions
Chora reacts sensitive when mixing operands of different data types within an operation. To avoid compiler warnings or even errors you can convert the affected operands explicitly by using following conversion operations:
Conversion operations with signed integers
Conversion to or from a signed or unsigned integer value.
Formatting a string from a floating-point number.
Parsing a string as a floating-point number. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Assad calls U.S. forces 'invaders', but still hopeful on Trump
BEIRUT (Reuters) - Syrian President Bashar al-Assad said U.S. forces in Syria were “invaders” and he had yet to see “anything concrete” emerge from U.S. President Donald Trump’s vow to prioritize the fight against Islamic State. Assad has said he saw promise in Trump’s statements emphasizing the battle against Islamic State in Syria, where U.S. policy under President Barack Obama had backed some of the rebels fighting Assad and shunned him as an illegitimate leader. “We haven’t seen anything concrete yet regarding this rhetoric,” Assad said in an interview with Chinese TV station Phoenix. “We have hopes that this administration in the United States is going to implement what we have heard,” he said. The United States is leading a coalition against Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. In Syria, it is working with an alliance of Kurdish and Arab militias. Their current focus is to encircle and ultimately capture Raqqa - Islamic State’s base of operations in Syria. This week, the U.S.-led coalition announced that around 400 additional U.S. forces had deployed to Syria to help with the Raqqa campaign and to prevent any clash between Turkey and Washington-allied Syrian militias that Ankara sees as a threat. Asked about a deployment of U.S. forces near the northern city of Manbij, Assad said: “Any foreign troops coming to Syria without our invitation ... are invaders.” “We don’t think this is going to help”. Around 500 U.S. forces are already in Syria in support of the campaign against Islamic State. Assad said that “in theory” he still saw scope for cooperation with Trump, though practically nothing had happened in this regard. He dismissed the U.S.-backed military campaign against Islamic State in Syria as “only a few raids”, and said a more comprehensive approach was needed. The U.S.-led coalition is currently backing a campaign by its Syrian militia allies to encircle and ultimately capture Raqqa, Islamic State’s base of operations in Syria. Assad noted that the Russian-backed Syrian army was now “very close” to Raqqa city after advancing to the western banks of the Euphrates River this week - a rapid gain that has brought it to the frontier of areas held by the U.S.-backed forces. He said Raqqa was “a priority for us”, but indicated that there could also be a parallel army attack towards Deir al-Zor in the east, near the Iraqi border. Deir al-Zor province is almost completely controlled by Islamic State, also known as ISIS. The Deir al-Zor region had been “used by ISIS as a route for logistics support between ISIS in Iraq and ISIS in Syria, so whether you attack the stronghold or you attack the route that ISIS uses, it (has) the same result”, Assad said. With Russian and Iranian military support, Assad firmly has the upper hand in the war with rebels who have been trying to topple him with backing from states including Turkey, Saudi Arabia and the United States. U.N.-led peace talks in Geneva ended earlier this month with no breakthrough. Assad said he hadn’t expected anything from Geneva. He added that deals brokered locally with rebels were “the real political solutions” since the war began. The so-called local “reconciliation” agreements are the government’s preferred method for pacifying rebellious areas, and have often been concluded after years of government siege and bombardment. In some cases, the rebels have been given safe passage to the insurgent-dominated province of Idlib. The opposition says the agreements amount to forced displacement. “We didn’t expect Geneva to produce anything, but it’s a step and it’s going to be a long way,” Assad said. He added that it would be up to Syrians to decide their future political system, and there would be a referendum on it. Assad also praised “crucial cooperation” between Syria and Chinese intelligence against Uighur militants who have joined the insurgency against him. He said ties with Beijing were “on the rise”. China and Russia last month blocked U.N. sanctions on Syria over accusations of chemical weapons attacks during the war. Writing by Tom Perry; Editing by Toby Chopra and Dominic Evans | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
User:Shaikh Toufique
Shaikh Toufique was born in 15-01-1993.His full name is SIBGATULLAH TOUFIQUE and his father name is MD RAFIQUE ALAM who is an advocate in civil court,Darbahnga Bar council.His mother's name is ISHRAT PARWEEN,she is a housewife. Mr.Shaikh Toufique have passed his matriculation exam in 2007 with first division.After that he took admission for inter in K.S.Collage Darbahnga,and he has also been passed his intermediate with first division for session 2007 to 2009. After passing intermediate,he took admission for B.Sc and passed each and every session with first class with distinction.The session of his B.Sc was 2009 to 2012. After passing graduation,he has gone Hyderabad (Telangana/తిలంగాణ) for higher education.In Telangana he passed his higher education with B.Tech civil engineering and got distinction in overall degree,his session was 2012 to 2016. | WIKI |
Mozambique Air Force
The Mozambique Air Force (Forca Aérea de Moçambique; FAM) is the air force of Mozambique. From 1985 to 1990 it was known as the People's Liberation Air Force (Força Aérea Popular de Libertação; FAPL).
Overview
Due to Mozambique's colonial background, the air force has a history of using former Portuguese aircraft. At its setting-up after independence in 1975 the air force was supported by Cuba and the USSR. As such there was an influx of Soviet-built aircraft to support the government during the civil war. Following the ceasefire in 1992 and the change in government policies away from communist one-party rule towards Western-style economics and multi-party democracy, Cuban support for the Air Force dwindled and most of the aircraft have now fallen into disrepair. The FAM is now effectively a token force, and the defence budget has been cut down to 1.5 percent of Mozambique's Gross National Product. The number of personnel in the Air Force is estimated at 4000. The air force operates out of three main bases; Beira, Nacala and Nampula.
In 2011, the Portuguese Air Force offered FAM two Cessna FTB-337, updated with the latest technology for the use in training, aeromedical evacuation and maritime surveillance operations. This is part of the permanent technical-military cooperation (CTM) programme between Portugal and Mozambique. Regarding specifically the FAM, the Portuguese-Mozambican cooperation also includes other areas such as the training of pilot officers, NCOs and aviation technicians, the creation of aviation medicine and the air operations centres and also the development of search and rescue and flight safety capabilities. Currently several Mozambican officer cadets attend the Portuguese Air Force Academy.
In 2014, the Brazilian Minister of Defense disclosed its intention to donate 3 Embraer EMB 312 Tucano and assist on financing the purchase of 3 Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano. In 2016, the donation deal was cancelled by the Brazilian government.
In 2014, Mozambique News and Clippings 256 (Hanlon, J) reported the following: "The Romanian company Aerostar has completed the overhaul and upgrade of eight Mozambique Air Force MiG-21 fighters, some of which had not flown operationally for more than 20 years. The package also included the overhaul of a L-39 jet trainer along with six single-seat MiG-21 fighter jets and two double-seat MiG-21 trainer aircraft, as well as a full training programme for ground staff and pilots. Two R-40S basic trainer aircraft were also delivered. Six MiG-21s are now back in Mozambique with the final two aircraft shipped from Romania in early July". | WIKI |
Review: 101 Noodle Express a delicious takeout restaurant – HS Insider
Since the beginning of quarantine, my family and I have been doing our part in supporting local businesses by ordering takeout at least once a week. One of the restaurants that we especially enjoy ordering food from is 101 Noodle Express. This authentic Chinese restaurant is known for its delicious dumplings and noodles. Personally, my favorite noodle dish is the Dan Dan noodles. The nutty and spicy flavor of the sauce was what made this dish the best. One of my family's go-to orders is the beef rolls which are scallion pancakes filled with beef, onions and cilantro. The rolls are delicious and the beef is tender. One order comes with six huge rolls a generous portion. Other dishes I would recommend are the pan-fried dumplings (Jiaozi) and Chinese steamed buns (Xiao Long Bao). The pan-fried dumplings are juicy, flavorful and super plump with meat. Since my food was all bundled in a bag, the condensation began to soften the crisp of the pan-fried dough but it was appetizing nonetheless. As for the Xiao Long Bao, it was as equally delicious as the Jiaozi. The best aspects of the Xiao Long Bao was the yummy pork-based filling and the warm soup inside of it. Another noodle dish that I think others should try is the minced pork with hand-torn noodles. I love how the noodles were not too salty and the fresh-cut cucumbers on top of the noodles give it a refreshing taste. The noodles were not too thick or thin, either. A third noodle dish I enjoy is the hot spicy beef noodle soup with hand-torn noodles. Like the beef rolls, it is extremely tender. The broth was perfect while the hand-torn noodles were fresh and chewy. My go-to drink is the classic passion fruit green tea. It was not too sweet or bitter and is the perfect complement to all the dishes I ordered. As for pricing, all food dishes I mentioned are between $6 to $10, and drinks are $2.50. Regarding the service, the waitress who picked up my phone call to order was friendly. My dad was the one who drove to the restaurant to pick up our food. He said the food came out quickly and the employees did a fantastic job of ensuring each customer was six feet apart. If you are running out of food to cook at home or simply do not want to cook, order from 101 Noodle Express for affordable and delicious food with amazing service. Delivery services include Grubhub and Doordash. Customers are also allowed to come to the restaurant to pick up their order. Noodle 101 Express is located on 1408 East Valley Boulevard in Alhambra. There are also other locations in Arcadia and Monterey Park. I needed to find a new noodle place since the one in my neighborhood closed down from a lack of business! Thanks so much for writing this can't wait to try! LikeLike Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account.( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Google account.( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter account.( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Facebook account.( Log Out / Change ) Connecting to %s Notify me of new comments via email. Notify me of new posts via email. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. High School Insider is a user-generated content website that enables students to post their stories and report on issues that matter to them and their communities. Through HS Insider, students are provided the opportunity to join a network of more than 300 schools, attend conferences, apply for internships and reach thousands with their reporting. Interested in getting involved? Send an email to Molly.Heber@latimes.com. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Cornelia James Cannon
Cornelia James Cannon (November 17, 1876 – December 7, 1969) was a feminist reformer and best-selling author of the novel Red Rust.
Biography
Cornelia James was raised in Saint Paul, Minnesota and was a graduate of Radcliffe College. She was married to Walter Bradford Cannon, a professor at Harvard University. She was the mother of Marian Cannon Schlesinger, an author and artist.
Cannon was a progressive thinker and an advocate for women's rights, birth control, and public education. She wrote eight novels in total as well as numerous essays on controversial topics such as women's rights, birth control, and immigration policy. Cannon was active with Planned Parenthood, the League of Women Voters, and a local political association in Massachusetts.
In 2011, Maria I. Diedrich published a biography of Cannon, Cornelia James Cannon and the Future American Race, juxtaposing her life and work as a feminist reformer with her beliefs in eugenics in the context of the 1920s and 1930s. | WIKI |
The river in the story symbolizes the community that lives around the river and the change that comes with the migration. Bessie Head compares the community to the deep and steady river but also talks about the change that comes when the head of the tribe dies—because rivers move and have currents as well.
Head writes that "the people lived together like a deep river. In this deep river which was unruffled by conflict or a movement forward, the people lived without faces" because they aren't worried by things like personal pride or accomplishment. Instead, they work together to make a good life for everyone. This is embodied in the chief of the tribe and is one reason why things are in such upheaval once the chief dies. He makes all the decisions, and then one day he is gone, and the community is left to function without him.
When this happens, it's revealed that the chief's oldest son and heir was in love with the chief's last and youngest wife; he also fathered her child. People urge...
(The entire section contains 2 answers and 592 words.) | FINEWEB-EDU |
Talk:Robert Henry McGregor
Untitled
I removed this statement today, "McGregor was Dean of the House of Commons at the end of the career having sat in the chamber continuously for nearly 36 years by the time his parliamentary career ended" because his name is not on this list. If somebody can find evidence to support the sentence, please let me know. PK T (alk) 02:02, 23 December 2009 (UTC) | WIKI |
User:SYSTem050
SYSTem050
This user is an British National whose primary identity is Scottish
This user in a non practicing pharmacist
This user is studying for CIPFA membership
This user works for the NHS
--SYSTem050 (talk) 10:18, 23 July 2009 (UTC) | WIKI |
Benjamin Brown (artist)
Benjamin Chambers Brown (July 14, 1865 – January 19, 1942) was a well-known California Impressionist landscape artist. His most notable mediums were oil, lithography and etching.
Early life and education
Benjamin Chambers Brown was an artist born in Marion, Arkansas to Judge Benjamin Chambers Brown and Mary Broker Brown. He was one of their five children. He grew up in Little Rock, Arkansas. One of his earliest surviving works is a collection of angels painted on the reredos of the 1884 altar at Trinity Episcopal Cathedral in Little Rock. His parents wanted him to become a lawyer. Brown was trained as a photographer instead. He studied at the University of Tennessee, and later at the St. Louis School of Fine Arts under Paul E. Harney and John Hemming Fry in 1884. He studied in Paris at the Académie Julian under Jean-Paul Laurens and Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant in 1890.
Career
During his early career, Brown traveled and worked in St. Louis, Little Rock and Texas. In St. Louis, Brown taught at his own alma mater, the St. Louis School of Fine Arts, then went on to open his own school in Little Rock. He initially specialized in portraiture and still life. Upon moving to Pasadena in 1896, he began to paint landscapes. John Bentz gave him his first show in Pasadena at the Hotel Green, although He didn't sell any artwork until about 1900, but by 1905 he had become famous for his paintings of poppies. From 1909 to 1910, Brown had a studio in Mill Valley, California. He frequently held exhibitions in northern California and areas around San Francisco.
His first etchings were done in 1914. He co-founded the Print Makers of Los Angeles with his brother Howell Chambers Brown in 1914, which later became the Los Angeles Society of Printmakers. His notable works include his impressionist landscapes of Sierra peaks and field poppies. Due to the high demand for his works, he sent out lantern slides instead of paintings.
Brown tried to sell his artwork in New York City; however, it did not sell as well as it had in California. Instead of opening a studio in the city, he began to sign California under his own signature to show how proud he was to be a Californian, in spite of potential stigmas.
Brown was a member of the Pasadena Society of Artists, the California Art Club, the Chicago Society of Etchers, the American Federation of the Arts, and the Laguna Beach Art Association. He showed at the Del Monte Art Gallery before 1914. He also had solo exhibitions at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art in 1915, 1917, and 1918. He showed a group exhibition there in 1929. His work also appeared at the Oakland Art Gallery in 1932. His work was also part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
Awards
Brown received many awards, including the bronze medal from the Portland Expo in 1905. He won a bronze medal in etching at the Panama Pacific International Exposition in San Diego in 1915, where he never won silver and gold medals as well.
Later life and legacy
By 1925, Brown's health was declining. Therefore, the amount of art he could continue to produce declined. In 1929, he had an abscessed tooth and lost a lot of weight because it was too painful to eat. This ailment impeded his painting. Although his health did improve in the 1930s, He served as the president of the California Society of Printmakes until 1929. Brown died of pneumonia on January 19, 1942, in Pasadena.
Brown's works are held by the Smithsonian Institution, the Library of Congress, Oakland Museum of California, the Los Angeles, California Municipal Art Collection, the Montclair, New Jersey Museum, the Cleveland, Ohio Museum, the Boise, Idaho Public Library, and other public libraries throughout the country. He is remembered as one of the first artists to paint in Pasadena. | WIKI |
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Building the Windows Communication Foundation Samples
The Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) samples can be built using Visual Studio 2010 or using the msbuild command from the command line. Both procedures are described in this topic.
Note Note
Before building or running any of the WCF samples, ensure you have performed the One-Time Setup Procedure for the Windows Communication Foundation Samples.
To build the sample using a command prompt
1. Open the Visual Studio 2012 command prompt with administrator privileges and navigate to the language-specific subdirectory under the directory location where you installed the sample.
2. Type msbuild at the command line. The client program files are built to client\bin and the service program files are built to service\bin. If the service is hosted by Internet Information Services (IIS), the service program files are also copied to the servicemodelsamples directory and its \bin subdirectory.
Note Note
You must set the ACLs on %systemdrive%\inetpub\wwwroot to grant modify permissions to the account under which you are running. Otherwise some post build events fail. Alternatively, you can leave the ACLs as they are and run the SDK command prompt as administrator.
To build the sample using Visual Studio
1. If you are using Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, or Windows Server 2008 R2, and running Visual Studio 2012, you must run Visual Studio with elevated permission. To do so, right-click the icon on the Start menu and then click Run as administrator.
2. From the File menu in Visual Studio, click Open, then click Project/Solution. Navigate to the language-specific subdirectory under the directory in which you installed the sample, and double-click the .sln file icon to open the solution in Visual Studio.
3. In the Build menu, select Rebuild Solution. The client program files are built to client\bin and the service program files are built to service\bin. If the service is hosted in IIS, the service program files are also copied to the servicemodelsamples directory and its \bin subdirectory.
Note Note
You must set the ACLs on %systemdrive%\inetpub\wwwroot to grant modify permissions to the account under which you are running. Otherwise some post build events fail. Alternatively, you can leave the ACLs as they are and run the SDK command prompt or Visual Studio as administrator. Some Visual Studio actions (such as attaching a debugger to the ASP.Net worker process) also require administrative privileges.
Setup.exe and Cleanup.exe batch files and scripts should be run from a Visual Studio command prompt. Several set up and clean up files perform tasks that require administrative privileges and should be launched with administrator privileges.
To prevent unintentional disclosure of potentially sensitive service metadata, the default configuration for Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) services disables metadata publishing. This behavior is secure by default, but also means that you cannot use a metadata import tool (such as Svcutil.exe) to generate the client code required to call the service unless the service’s metadata publishing behavior is explicitly enabled in configuration. To make experimenting with the samples easier, almost all samples expose an unsecured metadata publishing endpoint. Such endpoints are potentially available to anonymous unauthenticated consumers and care must be taken before deploying such endpoints to ensure that publicly disclosing a service’s metadata is appropriate. For more information about publishing service metadata, see the Metadata Publishing Behavior sample. See the Custom Secure Metadata Endpoint sample for a sample securing a metadata endpoint.
Generally speaking these samples do not include exception handling to keep the code focused on the subject of the sample. For more information about exception handling, see the Expected Exceptions sample.
You can use the ServiceModel Metadata Utility Tool (Svcutil.exe) to regenerate client code and configuration for most of the samples. Some samples require manually edited configuration. For example, if you use Svcutil.exe to regenerate the configuration for a sample that uses client certificate credentials, you must manually specify the credentials previously configured. Some samples use specific Svcutil.exe options to affect the generated code, these options are specified in the specific sample topics.
To regenerate the client and configuration files
1. Open an SDK command prompt and navigate to the language-specific subdirectory under the directory location where you installed the sample.
2. If the service is a Web-hosted type, use the following command.
svcutil.exe /n:"http://Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples,Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples" http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex /out:generatedClient.cs
If the service is a self-hosted type the following command.
svcutil.exe /n:"http://Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples,Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples" http://localhost:8000/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex /out:generatedClient.cs
Replace http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/service.svc/mex with the address of the self-hosted service's mex endpoint.
To generate the client in a Visual Basic type, use the following command.
svcutil.exe /n:"http://Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples,Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples" http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex /l:vb /out:generatedClient.vb
If the service is a self-hosted type, use the following command.
svcutil.exe /n:"http://Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples,Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples" http://localhost:8000/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex /l:vb /out:generatedClient.vb
NoteNote
To skip the generation of client configuration add the /noConfig option.
Show:
© 2015 Microsoft | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
OpenVOGEL/Aeroelasticity
=Aeroelastic simulations in OpenVOGEL=
By coupling the unsteady vortex lattice method to a simple finite elements-based elastic model, OpenVOGEL tries to provide a basic approach to the solution of several complex problems associated to elastic lifting surfaces, namely:
* change on aerodynamic properties due to wing deformation (change on lift slope and moment slope)
* divergence
* aileron reversal
* response to gusts
* flutter (resonance of aeroelastic nature)
These problems are important to be understood since they can bring the aircraft to unsafe situations with even catastrophic consequences. The first three problems belong to the field of "static aeroelasticity", while the last two belong to the "dynamic aeroelasticity". Note that these last two problems are not yet fine tuned in our calculation model.
What is aeroelasticity, and how the simulation works
Aeroelasticity is a very wide topic, which basically treats the interaction between a fluid (air) and an elastic boundary, that is to say, a boundary that is able to deform when subjected to loads. As the fluid flows it loads the boundary, as consequence the boundary deforms, and in return the flow is modified. The whole process is in permanent feedback, and therefore we talk about an interaction. VOGEL is only oriented to the static and dynamic response of aircraft wings due to air loads. If this topic is new for you, I would recommend you to take a look at the following book before even starting: Introduction to Structural Dynamics and Aeroelasticity, Hodges & Pierce, Cambridge. As you will note there, solving aeroelastic problems on wings is not always an easy task. First of all, one need to count with an algorithm based on a mathematical model capable of providing the unsteady air loads (steady aerodynamics is most of the times not suitable to solve this kind of problems). Secondly, the aircraft structure has to be modeled somehow, and finally a link between the motion of the structure and the airloads has to be established conforming to the laws of motion. By using the UVLM as the unsteady-aerodynamics solver platform, the only "extras" in VOGEL are the solution to the structural dynamic problem and the introduction of an effective link coupling both problems.
Structural model and aeroelastic link
There are many options to model the structure of the wing. The most practical way to do it is by finite element methods. There are several options:
* working with 3D solid elements.
* working with 3D shell elements (DKT elements, Reissner-Midlin or any other plate theory).
* working with simple 3D beam elements.
* working with a mix of elements.
Since the aerodynamic problem already takes many degrees of freedom, the third option can be very efficient, and therefore it is the one that has been selected. VOGEL uses a mesh of simple 2-noded 3D beam elements to model the wing structure. By doing this a reduced number of degrees of freedom is obtained, and a simple but very effective link can be implemented. The elastic and inertial properties of small portions of the wing are thus concentrated on associated beam elements distributed span-wise over the wing.
Besides the element type, another very important thing is the method to be used to solve the dynamic problem (the equations of motion). There are a couple of options to do that too:
* Direct time integration method
* Modal decomposition method.
The second method is the one implemented in VOGEL. Although it requires some initial effort to calculate the dynamic modes, once that problem is solved, it is much easier to handle and it requires less memory usage. The main disadvantage is that It is only valid under linear conditions and low deformations. This means that if we are for instance planning to go behind the skin buckling deformation, it will not provide accurate results anymore. However, for most of the problems it does provide great results.
The aeroelastic link
An "aeroelastic link" is a sort of system coupling on one side the aerodynamic loads on the lattice to the structure and, on the other side, the structure response to the lattice motion.
The aeroelastic linking consists of three basic steps:
* 1) The air-loads from certain rings of the vortex lattice are sent to certain nodes on the structure.
* 2) As result of these actions (a force and a moment on each structural node), and according to Newton's laws of motion, the structure undergoes motion.
* 3) The motions of the structural degrees of freedom modifies the geometry of the vortex lattice, and the loop is repeated.
It is natural to think that this can best be done by splitting the problem in two parts by means of the following object types:
* Mechanic links: each holding a group of chord-wise ring-stripes from the vortex lattice associated to a beam element (refer to the figure below to get a better idea).
* Kinematic links: each holding one structural node linked to a group of chord-wise nodal points on the vortex lattice. We will assume that these kinematic links act in a rigid way, that is to say, that every displacement and rotation on the structural node is sent to the lattice linked nodes as if they were rigidly connected.
All the required information can be held in sets of the above object types. In order to bring this idea into practice, VOGEL handles them in two apart .NET classes holding reference to a bunch of data associated to the lattices and the structure. Both classes are loaded prior calculation with the required elements, and later on used to update the forces and the motion. This is explained next.
Mechanic links
The MechaLink class holds one structural beam element and a list of vortex rings. It contains a very important method: "TransferLoads". This method uses the location of each control point and the aerodynamic load on each linked vortex ring to build a total load vector which is assumed to be equally distributed between both extremes of the beam element.
Kinematic links
The KinematicLink class holds a list of chord wise lattice nodal points and only one structural nodal point. It contains the method "TransferMotion" which, based on the structural displacement and velocity of the structural node, updates the position of the lattice points. To do this, this class holds the initial position of the lattice points in an apart list, so that displacements can be added to the original position every time an update is required.
As I have said before, lattice nodes will follow the displacement of their associated structural node according to a simple kinematic law: a "rigid link". A different law could be considered, although it does not make any sense at this point to make the problem even more difficult without measurements showing how it better should be.
Time integration scheme
By introducing the required MechaLinks and KinematicLinks, a great deal of the problem has been properly solved. These two classes will provide all required information for the aeroelastic coupling in a very well organized manner. The most important part of the problem is however still pending, that is the algorithm through which the equilibrium states will be found. There are here several ways to proceed, and choosing one or another will depend on what kind of analysis we are interested in.
If we are are only interested in the static steady state, then we can choose a simple explicit time integration. Algorithms belonging to this kind never use the new predicted state to feed themselves back in other to converge to a new equilibrium state. Algorithm 1 shown below belongs to this kind. If the aeroelastic transit tends to a static steady state, this algorithm will guarantee equilibrium there and will be very effective.
If we are concerned about the transit states, then we need a more sophisticated algorithm, because we need to seek for equilibrium at each time step. In this case we need an implicit algorithm that recalculates the air-loads and displacements several times for each time step until the equations of motion agree, that is to say, until the loads in the predicted position are in dynamic equilibrium with the predicted motion after the considered time step. One way to do that is by following a Gauss-Seidel scheme. Algorithms 2 and 3 are of this kind.
Algorithm 1: Explicit time integration
* 1) Calculate RHS
* 2) Build matrix
* 3) Calculate circulation
* 4) Calculate airloads
* 5) Transfer loads to structure
* 6) Predict modal motion with new load
* 7) Transfer motion to lattice
* 8) Calculate velocity on wake nodal points
* 9) Update wakes
Algorithm 2: Gauss-Seidel scheme with implicit time integration and preconditioned wakes
* 1) If t > 1
* 2) Calculate velocity on wake nodal points
* 3) Update wakes
* 4) Find equilibrium state at t+1:
* 5) Calculate RHS
* 6) Build matrix
* 7) Calculate circulation
* 8) Calculate air-loads
* 9) Transfer loads to structure
* 10) Predict modal motion with new load
* 11) Transfer motion to lattice
* 12) If not converged go back to a.
Algorithm 3: Gauss-Seidel scheme with implicit time integration and updated wakes (current method)
* 1) ; Find equilibrium state at t+1:
* 2) If it is not the first implicit step, reestablish wake to previous time step.
* 3) Calculate velocity on wake nodal points
* 4) Update wakes
* 5) Calculate RHS
* 6) Build matrix
* 7) Calculate circulation
* 8) Calculate airloads
* 9) Transfer loads to structure
* 10) Predict modal motion with new load
* 11) Transfer motion to lattice
* 12) If not converged go back to a.
Method for the integration of the equations of motion
The integration of the uncoupled equation of motion requires of a proper algorithm. There are many algorithms that can be useful here, as described in "Finite Element Procedures" (Bathe, 2006). Due to its simplicity, I started working with the "central difference method". However, that and others methods are not always stable, and therefore, convergence problems might be found for certain dynamic modes under certain time-steps. Newmark method is the most suitable for this problem because it proves to be unconditionally stable for any time-step, and because it doesn't introduce numerical damping (although it does shrink or expand the frequency for too-large time steps).
The problem of matching time steps
A very important fact on the integration of the equations of motion is that they are solved simultaneously with the UVLM, and therefore time steps of both methods should somehow match. In general, the integration of the structural equations will require a different time step from that one on the UVLM, and therefore a partition of one of them will be required. The longest required time step can therefore be partitioned into equally spaced steps, and this refinement can be used to integrate the other set of equations. Say for instance that the UVLM requires of a 0.01s time step in order to get a regular mesh on the wakes (this condition being dependent on the length of the chord-wise vortices and the airspeed), and that the equation associated to the highest dynamic mode requires of a time step of 0.001s in order to get an accurate response. In that case, we could run exactly 10 structural time steps per aerodynamic step. For most accuracy, the aerodynamic load should be updated on each structural time-step, however this requires an huge calculation effort. Moreover, it would not guarantee more accuracy if the circulation on the wakes is not properly updated. Our way to solve the problem is thus suitable for when there is a soft aeroelastic coupling. There are other advanced techniques to achieve a good aeroelastic link, however, they all require iteratively updating the aerodynamic loads, something very costly from the computational point of view. | WIKI |
Mechanics
Alternator
Article explains how an automotive alternator works.
Alternator operation explanation exploded images and description. A battery is needed to power the operating system of your car. Once the engine is running the alternator is driven by a serpentine belt that charges the battery. While in operation the alternator creates electricity, about 13.6 to 14.6 volts, and recharges the battery to its original state of charge. When a vehicle is running the alternator is busy creating electricity to provide the engine and the car accessories with needed power. When the car is not running and the battery is discharged as electrical components such as alarms or other memory retaining items may still operate. Typically, these components are designed to operate properly at 12 volts, if the system voltage is low it can cause erratic symptoms.
Alternator Exploded View
The alternator works on the principle of electromagnetism. This means by turning the magnetic armature inside the alternator which has electrified coils in the housing it will produce AC voltage. Using a series of diodes this AC voltage is converted to DC voltage which the cars electrical system is designed for. The armature is supported by two roller bearings on either end of the alternator housing. The voltage is transferred to terminals at the rear of the housing using a brush set. Once these brushes wear out the alternator stops charging. A voltage regulator is used to control the voltage when the alternator is spun at higher RPM's. If the voltage regulator fails it can overcharge the battery causing a battery failure.
Additional problems can occur if the alternator is overcharging the electrical system. Some symptoms of overcharging include a swollen or seeping battery, both headlight bulbs failing at the same time, and other random electrical component problems. To perform an alternator system check please visit - Alternator Testing
The most common alternator problem is "undercharging." This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as a low state of charge on the battery, poor or erratic performance from electrical components and dim headlights and other lighting systems. The first symptom of an undercharging alternator is a slow cranking engine. The next symptom is a "machine gun" sound when the engine is cranked as the system voltage drops below normal operating levels. In order to correct this problem a replacement alternator must be installed after the battery has been replaced or re-charged.
Maintenance
To ensure that your alternator lasts as long as possible there are several things you can do. Be sure all battery connections are tight and both terminals are clean. This should be inspected periodically regardless of when the battery was changed as even new batteries can have problems and be defective.
Common Problems
• Alternator will overheat due to extreme usage causing a failure.
• Poor battery condition can cause alternator failure.
• Weak alternator can cause the battery to slowly drain down
Best Practices
• Once jump started a severely discharged battery can cause the alternator to overload and fail internally. If this occurs replace or charge the battery before replacing the alternator.
• The serpentine belt connected to the alternator must be in good shape to operate properly.
• Clean battery terminals regularly
AUTHOR
Written by
Co-Founder and CEO of 2CarPros.com
35 years in the automotive repair field, ASE Master Technician, Advanced Electrical and Mechanical Theory.
COMMENTS TO THIS ARTICLE
Please use our question form if you have a specific question about your car as we are not able to give you a full answer on this page.
Article first published (Updated 2015-01-07) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Four Small Cap Uranium Miners For the Long-Term
As I write this all of the uranium miners are in rally-mode.
Last week I wrote an article about titled, " Is Now the Time to Buy Uranium Miners " as the share prices of the leading small cap uranium mining companies were plummeting.
I mentioned in the article about how the current sell-off in uranium, due to the catastrophic events in Japan, could offer an opportunity to average into one of the top small cap uranium mining stocks at very attractive prices. The company - Denison Mines ( DNN ) . The stock has rallied 40.3% since the low on March 15 th, but is still 12.2% below pre-catastrophe levels.
Since writing that article I've had several inquiries about other small cap companies within the uranium mining sector and how they have performed since the aftermath in Japan.
Let's take a look.
As you can see above, all four of the leading small cap uranium miners are still well- below their respective pre-earthquake share prices.
The concern going forward will be announcements by China, India and other leading countries in the nuclear renaissance movement that may halt the construction of numerous nuclear facilities.
Over the short-term that might be true, at least to appease the nuclear pundits. But over the long-term, given the energy constraints by the leading emerging market countries, is it truly realistic for the world's growth centers to shut down nuclear energy full stop?
The supply deficit in uranium is real. If we look out over the next eight to 10 years, which is the amount of time it takes a nuclear power plant to become fully operational, the market is about 400 million pounds short of the demand currently needed.
The top 5 producers, which make up almost 90% of the uranium market, only produced 110 million pounds of uranium in 2010. In other words, uranium producers need to produce nearly four times the amount just to meet estimated new demand. The new supply will have to come from somewhere, or the price of the existing supply will need to increase to clear the market.
Even with Fukushima nuclear emergency the market for uranium is red hot, at least over the long-term. For investors, shares of the best uranium mining stocks could represent the best energy investment opportunity in decades.
The World Nuclear Association's (WNA) chart below sums up why now is the time to get into uranium related investments. The world will be using more uranium for years to come - and many great investment opportunities appear in the midst of a supply crunch.
Take the aforementioned supply crunch and add the fact that all of the above uranium mining companies are now selling at significant discounts and the only rational conclusion to arrive at is: the current sell-off offers an opportunity to average into the best small cap uranium mining stocks at a very attractive price.
The most direct way to profit from the inevitable growth in nuclear energy and the shortage in uranium is to buy shares in the most productive uranium miners in the world.
I have presented you with the four top small cap uranium miners.
This could be the perfect opportunity to invest in uranium mining small caps. There is no doubt that the aforementioned companies have experienced sharp declines over the last few trading sessions, but I think we could be witnessing a market overreaction to the tragic events.
I would expect to see volatility remain in the sector. All of the uranium mining stocks that I mentioned have bounced significantly off of their lows established on the 15 th of March. I would expect to see range-bound movement until the Japanese aftermath comes to a conclusion.
As I stated last week, anyone investing in small cap uranium mining stocks would do well to average in. I would not be surprised to see a retest of the recent lows, but that only means that better prices are ahead. The way to play a crash is always to buy little and buy often.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
ACMR Up on Q1 Preliminary Results: Is the Semiconductor Stock a Buy?
Following ACM Research’s ACMR preliminary first-quarter 2025 results released on April 29, market sentiment has been notably positive. The stock rose 5.1% the next day, buoyed by analyst optimism over the company’s robust preliminary revenue figures, indicating solid year-over-year growth of 8.4% to 11.7%, banking on sustained customer demand and a favorable product mix.
While shipments were expected to decline 36% to 37%, ACM Research attributed the softness to a temporary timing mismatch rather than a structural issue. The company also noted that combined total shipments for the fourth quarter of 2024 and the first quarter of 2025 are projected to increase 8% to 9% compared with the same periods a year earlier. Looking ahead, management expects shipment growth to return in the second quarter of 2025, benefiting from steady customer orders and ongoing expansion in the semiconductor industry.
ACM Research stock has delivered a strong performance so far in 2025, rallying 28.6% and outperforming the Zacks Computer & Technology sector’s decline of 10.5% and the Zacks Semiconductor Equipment - Material Services industry’s return of 8%. The stock has also outperformed the S&P 500’s 5.4% dip during this period.
ACM Research shares have outperformed its peers, including Applied Materials AMAT and Lam Research LRCX. While Lam Research shares have dipped 0.5%, AMAT shares have declined 7.1% in the year-to-date period. Despite their established presence in wafer cleaning, deposition, and other fabrication processes, these companies have struggled amid broader industry headwinds.
A key reason for ACMR’s relative outperformance is its expanding market presence, particularly in China, supported by a growing customer base and a diversified product portfolio. However, the overall semiconductor industry continues to grapple with external pressure, most notably, trade tensions and protectionist policies.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
Despite strong long-term potential, semiconductor stocks are under pressure as Trump’s new tariffs raise fears of a prolonged trade war. Analysts warn that tariffs could drive up costs and dampen global electronics demand. Going by a Finimize report, these tariffs could slash over $1 billion from U.S. semiconductor suppliers' annual revenues. Major equipment makers like Applied Materials and Lam Research may each face up to $350 million in annual losses impacted by rising compliance costs and waning demand for older technologies in foreign markets.
This could also potentially hit ACMR in the near term.
Competitive Position in Cleaning: ACMR has established a strong competitive position in the wafer cleaning market, with its cleaning business generating $579 million in 2024, accounting for 74% of total revenues and reflecting 43% growth over 2023. The company now commands roughly 9% of the global wafer cleaning market, which has an estimated total addressable market of $6.5 billion. Backed by a comprehensive top-to-bottom cleaning portfolio, including solutions like SAPS, TEBO, Tahoe, SPM, and Bevel Etch, ACMR is well-positioned to continue expanding its market share both in China and internationally.
Image Source: ACMR's Q4 2024 Investors' Presentation
Diversified Portfolio Expansion: ACM Research is strategically diversifying its product portfolio beyond its core cleaning and plating segments, positioning the company to tap into a significantly larger $18 billion serviceable addressable market (SAM). New technologies like Furnace, Track, PECVD, and LPCVD are gaining traction, with furnace revenues expected to grow in 2025. The company is also advancing in next-gen packaging with tools like horizontal plating and vacuum flux cleaning, targeting high-demand areas such as GPUs and HBM.
ACM Research remains optimistic about its 2025 outlook, with a focus on growth opportunities and market expansion.
For 2025, the company expects total revenues of $850-$950 million. ACMR increased its gross margin to 42-48% from the previously expected range of 40-45%, reflecting improved operational efficiency.
ACM Research shares are cheap, as suggested by a Value Score of A.
In terms of the forward 12-month Price/Sales ratio, ACM Research is trading at 1.16, lower than the sector’s 5.60.
ACMR is cheap at a forward 12-month Price/Sales of 4X compared with its peers like Applied Materials and LamResearch, which are currently trading at 4.13X and 4.98X, respectively.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
The Zacks Consensus Estimate for the first quarter of 2025 earnings (scheduled to be released on May 8) is pegged at 37 cents per share, indicating a 28.9% decline year over year. The figure, however, improved 19 cents over the past 90 days.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
ACMR has a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold) now despite strong stock performance and an attractive valuation because of ongoing risks. As stated earlier, tariff tensions could disrupt its China and U.S. operations. While new products like furnace and packaging tools are promising, they're still in early-stage. Investors may want to wait for more clarity on both geopolitical risks and product traction. You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank (Strong Buy) stocks here.
Want the latest recommendations from Zacks Investment Research? Today, you can download 7 Best Stocks for the Next 30 Days. Click to get this free report
Lam Research Corporation (LRCX) : Free Stock Analysis Report
Applied Materials, Inc. (AMAT) : Free Stock Analysis Report
ACM Research, Inc. (ACMR) : Free Stock Analysis Report
This article originally published on Zacks Investment Research (zacks.com).
Zacks Investment Research | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Tenable: Cybersecurity Stock with 35% Implied Upside Potential
Tenable (TENB) is a cybersecurity company with over 35,000 customers globally. The company is focused on vulnerability management.
With cybersecurity, a considerable focus of businesses, is this cybersecurity company set to outperform the market?
I am neutral on Tenable stock.
Cybersecurity in Focus
When the federal government convenes a summit, one knows that a problem is grave. This is just what happened in the summer of 2021. President Biden summoned executives from several tech companies to a summit and signed an executive order to combat cybercrime and cement the need for the government to partner with the private sector.
Businesses are also increasing cybersecurity budgets, and wise companies focus on prevention. Much of the cost of a breach, or another cyberattack, is in the aftermath.
After an attack, a company must often notify customers, clean up systems, rebuild documents, pay for overtime and downtime, in some cases pay ransoms, and many other costs. The smart money is spent upfront on preventative measures; this is where Tenable comes in.
Tenable in Focus
Tenable is an expert company in vulnerability management (VM). Its customers include over 50% of the Fortune 500. The company's software analyses data across an organization's entire technology structure to determine risks and make actionable recommendations, among other functions. It is VM for digital assets.
Over the past year, Tenable stock is down a little over 5%. The stock has endured wild swings and traded as low as $35.32 and as high as $58.45. It currently trades just under $50.
According to the company, Tenable has a total addressable market of over $25 billion. Revenue for 2021 is expected to reach $536 million, up from $440 million in 2020. This is an increase of 22%. This growth is solid but not spectacular.
The company is also not yet GAAP profitable; although Tenable is forecasting a non-GAAP operating margin of 9% in 2021, up substantially from -17% just a few years ago in 2017. Tenable is certainly trending in the right direction.
The stock is currently trading at a reasonable forward (December 2022) price-to-sales ratio of 8.5x. Unfortunately, growth stocks are out of favor in the current market due to the fears of rising inflation.
When inflation increases, the Federal Reserve responds with higher interest rates that hurt growth stock valuations due to how Wall Street discounts its future cash flows. Investors should exercise caution given the current macroeconomic situation.
Wall Street's Take
Over on Wall Street, analysts are extremely bullish on Tenable stock, with a Strong Buy consensus rating based on 12 Buys and no Holds or Sells. The unanimous Buy ratings are telling.
The average Tenable price target of $66.75 implies 34.8% upside potential.
Looking to 2022
Cybersecurity is a massive focus of enterprises of all types going into 2022. Tenable has a fantastic product that is much needed in today's world. The company has steadily increased customers and revenues over the past several years. Margins are also improving. Investors are looking for top-line growth in 2022 to stay above 20%.
Macroeconomic conditions are currently unfavorable to growth stocks, so there could be a dip in share price upcoming. However, analysts are very bullish on Tenable, and investors should consider accumulating shares on future weakness.
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Disclosure: At the time of publication, Bradley Guichard did not have a position in securities mentioned in this article.
Disclaimer: The information contained in this article represents the views and opinion of the writer only, and not the views or opinion of TipRanks or its affiliates Read full disclaimer >
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Computing/2013 May 19
= May 19 =
Where to find material for shared library programming?
In section Memory sharing of article Shared libraries, it mentioned "... shared code must be specifically written to run in a multitasking environment ...". It seems code designed for shared libraries should follow certain programming rules which are different from normal application programming. Probably (I have no idea) global variables for shared libraries need to be specially protected or functions need to be reentrant like designing kernel module ... stuff like that.
I've google'd for a while for it. Most what I've found are about ELF format, shared library compilation, ... but not what I need in programming aspects. So does anyone knows where to find the related information if any? -- Justin545 (talk) 00:42, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* That article is a bit obscurely written, and I think perhaps you've misunderstood it. In real life, very few shared libraries involve multiple programs using the same chunk of memory at the same time (as the "Memory sharing" section describes). The usual case is that each program linking to a library gets its own private runtime copy of the code for the library functions that it uses. Thus in the ordinary case there are no particular requirements concerning multitasking. Looie496 (talk) 02:29, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* So, for example, the shared library (.so) has the code:
* and the first program linking to the shared library has the code:
* and the second program linking to the shared library has the code:
* Then the output of the first program will be:
1st program: gVar=15
* and the output of the seconde program will be:
2nd program: gVar=-40
* the behavior will like this way? (each program has its own copy of data segment which will be initialized appropriately) -- Justin545 (talk) 11:28, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* Yes that's what'll happen by default. Dmcq (talk) 12:39, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* I agree with you, the section is pretty much misleading. Thanks for the quick answer. -- Justin545 (talk) 18:43, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* When a DLL (on windows) or .so (on Unix/Linux/etc.) is imported, the loader creates a custom .data segment in the memory map of the application, copies in the relevant data initialisers, and invokes any necessary initialisers (C) and constructors (C++). From a programmer's perspective, there's no substantive difference between such a dynamic link and a static link; programs which link the same .dll/.so are independent, and global variables and the like behave the same whether there are one or more than one instances of the shared object present in the system. Only if the shared library does something deliberately inter-process (creates files, named pipes, etc., uses IPC objects like doors or shared memory, or on Windows manipulates the global atom table) will the difference be apparent - and this is true whether or not the IPC stuff is done in an application's own code or in a shared library's. So if you write a library as just that - a library of calls that anyone can call, with no system-global state, then there is essentially nothing different to do. But some libraries do decide they need system global state; that's not necessarily a wrong thing to do, but it means the library is performing a service, rather than just being a bunch of code for others to call. If a library wanted to do that, it would be doing IPC (so it might create a shmem block or something) - it wouldn't happen by accident. And managing that state, as with all issues of global state, can get a bit complicated. I'm guessing that the caveats in the article (I agree with Looie496 that the wording is obtuse and unhelpful) are to do with this. An important concern is that even loading a library can invoke code (which is often desirable when using shared objects in this way): on Windows the system invokes the DLL's DllMain function, and similar behaviour can be performed on Unix thus:
* I'm not aware of any restrictions on what this code can do (there's similar destructor code too) on Unix (et al); on Windows (because of the rather complicated way library loading is synchronised) there are all kinds of things that are dangerous to do in a DllMain, as described in this document. -- Finlay McWalterჷTalk 12:44, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* Thanks for M$ stuff about DLLs. They should probably give me something more about shared libraries.
* As you mentioned "But some libraries do decide they need system global state; that's not necessarily a wrong thing to do, but it means the library is performing a service, rather than just being a bunch of code for others to call."
* So what did you mean the library is performing a service? As far as I know "services" are usually provided by daemons or server processes (e.g. crond, sshd, dbus-daemon, XServer) which are all "running" programs. So how can a shared library together with the system global state provide service? I'm quite insterested... -- Justin545 (talk) 18:43, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
Current method I'm using to remove redlink entries in a set of lists - need faster method
I'm removing superfluous redlinks from country outlines.
To remove the redlinks of "Political scandals of foo" (where foo is a country name) from each country outline, I take a list of country outlines (on a user subpage) and replace "Outline of" with "Political scandals of". That list now shows which links are red.
Then I use AWB's listmaker to make a list of all the redlinks on that page, and I paste them back in to the same page and linkify them. Now there's only redlinks on that page.
Next I change "Political scandals of" back to "Outline of". The list is now all the country outlines that contain the "Political scandals of" redlink in them.
I make a list in AWB from that, and then do a regex search/replace with AWB to get rid of the entry in each of those outlines.
Unfortunately, I have to do this whole procedure over again for each redlink I wish to nuke (so as not to nuke the blue links too), and this approach only works with sets of links that share the "of foo" nomenclature. Because AWB has no way to search/replace strings based on redlink status (as far as I know).
If you know of a easier/faster way to do this, please let me know...
Please post replies to Bot requests/Archive 55. Thank you. The Transhumanist 06:42, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
Game making...
Hey guys! I somewhat recently realized how fun point-and-click games can be; this genre is something I never really considered before but now I'm inspired. Usually, I'd whip up something on The Games Factory (1.06 - the one from the 90s) but the installer for that is unobtainable now so I couldn't move it to my laptop and run it in compatibility mode. So, does anyone know the best way for me to make my own point-and-click adventure games? Freeware is preferable but I'll hear out anyone's paid suggestions. Thanks! --Yellow1996 (talk) 17:02, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* Scratch? -- Gilderien Chat|List of good deeds 17:06, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* You might try Adventure Game Studio. An example video of a game produced with it is here (I'd recommend you turn the volume off). -- Finlay McWalterჷTalk 17:18, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* Wow! Adventure Game Studio looks awesome! Thanks, Finlay! :) (And, about Scratch - I've used it before and found it a little too limited, ;) but thanks for the prompt suggestion, Gilderien.) --Yellow1996 (talk) 17:27, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* btw, if you're just getting into this genre, and you can find it, I heartily recommend Day of the Tentacle -- Finlay McWalterჷTalk 18:10, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* Looks fun! I'm generally lucky when it comes to finding older games; I guess we'll have to see... --Yellow1996 (talk) 01:22, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
* IMHO Full Throttle and Grim Fandango were pinnacles of the genre. Vespine (talk) 03:55, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
* MIT Scratch is a graphical programming language created for beginners that I recommend. Also see Alice. Tarcil (talk) 01:50, 21 May 2013 (UTC)
Spambot question
I was reading a Finnish on-line forum when I noticed that a new user had replied to several threads, all in Finnish. The first was a reply to a thread about jokes, and the message said basically "Thanks, this made me laugh". But then I read a reply to a thread about on-line dating, where the user had replied to a woman, saying "I still suggest you create a test profile for yourself", when the thread had made it clear she already had. This caught my attention, and I soon discovered that the user had copy-pasted random sentences from previous messages in the threads, verbatim. The user's signature had links to on-line video game cheating sites. This confirmed my suspicion that the user was a spambot. It had tried to be clever by copy-pasting messages in Finnish it had found on the forum instead of trying to write in English. Unfortunately, neither the spambot or any of its programmers apparently understand any Finnish. Is this a new phenomenon or has it already been found on several on-line forums? J I P | Talk 18:28, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* I've never encountered this, but I must say it is a step up from the days of "Cool!" followed by a whole bunch of spam links. --Yellow1996 (talk) 01:24, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
* My blog occasionally gets comments from people saying things like "yes I agree" followed by a link to a dating site or something. I assumed it was some sort of spambot too so I've been deleting and blocking the commenters. Vespine (talk) 03:52, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
* This picture (currently used at Forum spam) is a good example of the generic comment plus spam link tactic. --Yellow1996 (talk) 18:43, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
Google translate worse now?
Is it just me, or has google translate become worse recently (last year or so)? Perhaps they changed their code? Having problems with words that are capitalized (e.g. in languages without capitalization) and German umlauts sometimes appear as "ae", etc. instead of "ä", and generally very often it does not find translations of words at all. For some closely related languages it used to be much better as far as I remember. bamse (talk) 21:04, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* It is not just you. I have noticed this as well; translations of webpages used to be a lot more comprehensible but now they aren't that great. Also for individual words they often - as you noted - can't find a translation at all. The quality of the translations can be seen through a fun test: type in a word or phrase. Then, translate it to your language of choice. Then, copy+paste the result back into the input box and reverse the translation. Did you get what you started with? Probably not; and if you keep doing it back and forth, chances are the translation will get further and further from what you initially put in until it hits a certain result that won't change. It can produce some funny results, but it shows the poor quality of certain translations. :) --Yellow1996 (talk) 01:31, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
* Well you can get very strange things happening if you translate people's names - they're probably trying to bias their translators to be more careful about that. I wonder too whether they mightn't be using translated rubbish from themselves or other automatic translators to update the translations, i.e. reinforcing the gibberishness. Dmcq (talk) 09:42, 20 May 2013 (UTC)
Citrix weirdness
Hi:
I find that from the same computer, I am able to use the Windows version of Citrix client to connect to my Citrix server at work, but not the Linux version of the Citrix client, where I would get a "The SOCKS 5 handshake failed (SSL error 29)." error. I have changed my computer into a DMZ computer so that all ports are open (I have googled that the SOCKS 5 error could be related to port 1494 not open), but to no avail. Also thinking about it rationally if it is really related to ports shouldn't both Windows and Linux Citrix client be affected? Any insight into this is appreciated! Thanks.
Some specs:
Computer: Pentium 4 Prescott core Windows: XP Linux: Slackware 14.0
<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:12, 19 May 2013 (UTC)
* DMZ might guarantee all ports are open to the machine, but not necessarily to the application. Do you know you don't have a firewall running on your slackware install? Try something like this or this to check if the required ports are actually open. Vespine (talk) 06:00, 20 May 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
Thread: transform matrix
1. #1
Registered User
Join Date
Apr 2009
Posts
10
transform matrix
I use a program that reads the content of .x file and stores it into a file that my game uses to load graphic data. I have problems calculating points using the two transformation matrices that are in my .x file.
.x matrices:
Code:
Frame RootFrame {
FrameTransformMatrix {
1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,
0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,
0.000000,0.000000,-1.000000,0.000000,
0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000;;
}
Frame Cube_005 {
FrameTransformMatrix {
0.115300,0.000000,0.192300,0.000000,
-0.000000,0.224200,-0.000000,0.000000,
-0.192300,-0.000000,0.115300,0.000000,
6.861500,0.000000,0.187800,1.000000;;
}
In Microsoft documentation I found the way I should calculate the points, but it seems that either I don't understand it correctly or it just doesn't work:
Transforms (Direct3D 9)
Here's the thing I do:
Code:
x=x*1.0+y*0.0+z*0.0+0.0;
x=x*0.1153+y*0.0+z*(-0.1923)+6.8615;
y=x*0.0+y*1.0+z*0.0+0.0;
y=x*0.0+y*0.2242+z*0.0+0.0;
z=x*0.0+y*0.0+z*(-1.0)+0.0;
z=x*0.1923+y*0.0+z*0.1153+0.1878;
Of course in code I don't use constant, I just put them in so it would be more clear.
What do I do wrong?
2. #2
Super Moderator VirtualAce's Avatar
Join Date
Aug 2001
Posts
9,608
Why are you manually transforming vertices? The D3DX math libraries were programmed by Intel/AMD respectively and are very fast. What is it that you are trying to do?
Your translation is:
x = 6.8615f
y = 0.0f
z = 0.1878f
To transform a vector by a matrix in D3D:
result.x = v.x * matrix(0,0) + v.y * matrix (1,0) + v.z * matrix(2,0) + matrix(3,0);
result.y = v.x * matrix(0,1) + v.y * matrix(1,1) + v.z * matrix(2,1) + matrix(3,1);
result.z = v.y * matrix(0,2) + v.y * matrix(1,2) + v.z * matrix(2,2) + matrix(3,2);
Or use D3DXVec3TransformCoord(), D3DXVec3TransformNormal() or one of the array-based equivalent functions.
But if you are using hardware transform and lighting you just create your scaling, translation, and rotation matrices and set the world transform. Then you draw the object.
It looks as if you are trying to load a skinned mesh in an X file. You can use D3DX to load the mesh with and without hierarchy. Check the DX SDK.
Last edited by VirtualAce; 06-13-2009 at 11:56 AM.
3. #3
Registered User
Join Date
Apr 2009
Posts
10
Thanks Bubba, one of my problems was solved with D3DXVec3TransformCoord(), but another remained. The mesh is now in the right size, but it has somehow wrong rotation. But when I open that .x file in DirectX Viewer it is rotated correctly. I'm quite out of ideas. Are there any other things than transform matrix that can cause such things?
4. #4
Super Moderator VirtualAce's Avatar
Join Date
Aug 2001
Posts
9,608
In order to correctly load the data you will need to use the D3DX functions. This will extract the D3DXFRAME information for you which will have the correct data. If not then you must manually extract the data. The X file format is heavily documented and widely available both in the SDK and on the web.
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[No. 71430-4.
En Banc.]
Argued October 15, 2002.
Decided January 23, 2003.
HJS Development, Inc., Respondent, v. Pierce County, by and through The Department of Planning and Land Services, Appellant.
Gerald A. Horne, Prosecuting Attorney for Pierce County, and Bertha B. Fitzer and Jill Guernsey, Deputies, and George A. Kresovich (of Hillis Clark Martin & Peterson, P.S.), for appellant.
James E. Kelly, pro se.
Stephen M. Rummage and Jessica L. Goldman (of Davis Wright Tremaine), for respondent.
Greg Overstreet and Larry D. Stout on behalf of Washington Association of Realtors, amicus curiae.
Benjamin C. Waggoner on behalf of Pacific Legal Foundation and Association of Washington Business, amici curiae.
Kristopher I. Tefft on behalf of Building Industry Association of Washington, amicus curiae.
Smith, J.
—Appellant Pierce County seeks direct review of a Thurston County Superior Court judgment in favor of Respondent HJS Development, Inc., overturning a decision of a Pierce County hearing examiner which revoked a preliminary plat under a local ordinance, former Pierce County Code (PCC) 18.50.970 and 18.50.975. The Superior Court reasoned that the hearing examiner did not have authority to revoke Respondent’s preliminary plat approval because state platting laws, chapter 58.17 RCW, preempt revocation powers of local jurisdictions on preliminary plat approvals.
QUESTIONS PRESENTED
The questions presented in this case are (1) whether the Pierce County hearing examiner had the authority to revoke a preliminary plat approval under former Pierce County Code 18.50.970 and 18.50.975; (2) whether state laws, chapter 58.17 RCW—establishing procedures for approving subdivision plats—preempt local ordinances which permit a hearing examiner to revoke a preliminary plat approval; (3) whether revocation powers under the Pierce County Code conflict with RCW 58.17.140, which provides that a final plat meeting all requirements shall be submitted for approval within five years of preliminary plat approval; and (4) whether the decision by the Pierce County hearing examiner was clearly erroneous because he did not consider less harsh sanctions in enforcing conditions of the preliminary plat approval.
STATEMENT OF FACTS
On December 30, 1994 Respondent Fox Ridge Investments filed a complete application for approval of preliminary plat and site plan for a 71-acre parcel on Fox Island in unincorporated Pierce County. In its proposal, Respondent requested permission to divide the parcel into a subdivision of 63 single-family residential lots to be served by private roads, on-site septic, and public water. Division I consisted of 42 lots. Division II consisted of 21 lots. The plat is bisected by a road, Island Boulevard, and a substantial portion of Division I contains steep slopes, a mixture of coniferous and deciduous vegetation, and forests containing protected trees. Single-family residential homes are located below a portion of the steep slopes and near the proposed development site.
At the time the plat application was filed on December 30, 1994 and prior to the effective date of the County’s Comprehensive Plan, the local zoning laws, Rural-Residential Environment, permitted one dwelling unit per acre. On January 1, 1995 the property was rezoned R-10, which allowed a maximum residential density of .25 dwelling unit per acre. Also in existence at the time of filing were local regulations, Gig Harbor Peninsula Development Regulations 18.50.970 and 18.50.990, which granted the hearing examiner the power to “revoke or modify any permit, use or activity granted pursuant to the Pierce County Code or allowed pursuant to the Underlying Zone . . . .”
In the review process for the proposal, Respondent was required to submit a geotechnical report to the Development Engineering Section. In June 1997 Respondent submitted a report prepared by David Evans and Associates, Inc., which included a description of the topography in Division I. The report indicated the property contained steep slopes, with the steepest slopes occurring across the southern boundary with grades ranging from 30 percent to 87 percent, approximately 100 to 150 feet in height. The geotechnical report also indicated that landslide and erosion hazards were “moderate to severe” where slopes exceeded 30 percent. It therefore recommended a 50-foot setback and buffers from the top of the slopes and allowing only selective clearing.
On December 3, 1997 the Pierce County environmental official, Charles F. Kleeberg, issued a mitigated determination of nonsignificance (MDNS). No appeal was filed. In its findings of fact, the responsible official found that the project came within a landslide and erosion hazard area, as defined and regulated by chapter 21.14 Pierce County Code, “Geologically Hazardous Areas,” and that relevant local ordinances allowed approval of the proposal subject to conditions in order to mitigate any probable significant adverse environmental impacts. The responsible official concluded that Respondent’s “proposal [did] not have a probable significant impact on the environment, and an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) [was] not required under RCW 43.21C.030(2)(c), only if the following conditions [were] met.” Of the 12 conditions specified in the MDNS, the following conditions are relevant to this appeal:
Condition (1) stated in párt:
The [Oregon White Oak Preservation] plan shall cause the preservation of not less than 80% of the Oregon White Oaks . . . .[]
Condition (6)(a) stated:
The proposal shall comply with all recommendations contained with the June 1997 geotechnical report prepared for the development with the following modification:
a. Clearing within the building setback area shall be limited to removal of dead and dangerous trees and reasonable topping, clearing, and limbing for the purposes of creating view areas. Clearing below the top of the steep slope located on Lots 3 through 29 shall be prohibited, except that the applicant may selectively top, limb, or remove trees within this area to enhance view. Prior to the removal of any vegetation within this area, the applicant shall submit a clearing plan for the area to the Resource Management Development Engineering Sections of the Pierce County Planning and Land Services Department for review and approval. The purpose of the review shall be to ensure that vegetation removal in this area is strictly limited to only that reasonably necessary to provide for view areas within the lots and the removal of hazardous trees. Vegetation removal beyond this shall be prohibited. []
Condition (4) stated:
The edge of the Oregon White Oak Preservation Area shall be clearly staked and flagged prior to and through the completion of site development and construction. Prior to final plat approval, signage denoting the Oak Preservation Area shall be erected along the boundary of the area. The type of spacing of the signage shall be determined by the Pierce County Planning and Land Services Department. []
Condition (8) stated:
The steep slope and building setback area shall be clearly shown and labeled on the face of the preliminary and final plat as “Slope Protection Area Easement.”[]
Condition (9) stated:
The following shall be placed on the face of the final plat:
“The Slope Protection Area Easement appearing on this plat shall remain in its natural state. The intent of this area is to protect slope stability and prevent erosion. There shall be no clearing, grading, filling, or construction of any kind within this area, except as shown on plans or documents approved by the Director of Pierce County Planning and Land Services, and contained in the official files for this project. Removal of dead or dangerous trees may be permitted upon receiving written approval from the Pierce County Planning and Land Services Department.” []
Condition (11) stated in part:
In order to minimize erosion, changes in surface water runoff characteristics, and minimize impacts to aesthetics and the rural character of the site, vegetation removal from the site during site development phase of the proposal, shall be limited to those areas necessary for the construction of roads and utilities, creation of building pads, and view shed creation approved by the Pierce County Planning and Land Services Department. Except for the clearing discussed above, all lots shall remain in their natural, vegetated state until the time of building permit issuance. ____[]
The Peninsula Advisory Commission (PAC) considered the proposed preliminary plat and heard public testimony at its January 14, 1998 meeting. It recommended denial, citing concerns of storm water control, slope stability, and an incomplete application. However, it proposed two conditions in the event the hearing examiner approved the proposal. The first condition required the applicant to conduct a study for frontage road improvements along Island Boulevard. The second required a 25-foot-wide perimeter buffer along the lot lines to act as a barrier to visibility, airborne particles, glare and noise impacts.
On February 5, 1998 a public hearing was held before Hearing Examiner Stephen K. Causseaux, Jr. Fox Island residents raised concern about landslides in the area and submitted a geological report prepared by James P. Brazil, engineering geologist, on October 21, 1981, recommending against further tree or vegetation removal. The Pierce County Planning and Land Services Department (PALS), Hugh Taylor, presented a staff report on the proposed preliminary plat. He described the proposal and discussed its restrictions on clearing, testifying that “the slopes, themselves are intended to stay in a natural, undisturbed state,” and barring limbing for view enhancement and removing dangerous and dead trees, “the slope is off limits for development.” He further noted that the Oregon white oaks within the development area were protected under the county critical areas ordinance, and detailed the plans for preservation of those trees. In response, Joseph Quinn, attorney for Respondent, testified that clearing would stay within the limits and clearing and development would be done in accordance with the county’s regulations and under the county’s supervision. He acknowledged the restrictions on development, stating that the developer would act responsibly and comply with conditions.
On September 2, 1998 the hearing examiner issued a report and decision approving the preliminary plat, subject to specified conditions, including those recommended by the PAC and Planning Staff and all those required by the MDNS.
Respondent applied for a site development permit for clearing in preparation for road construction in Division I on March 24, 1999. On May 20, 1999 Pierce County approved the site development permit consistent with the conditions announced by the hearing examiner. The plan noted that the Oregon White Oak Preservation Area would be flagged and clearing would proceed in the designated areas. A provision in the site development plan required Respondent to notify the county 48 hours prior to beginning any construction at the site and prior to initiation of clearing. Respondent and a county inspector conducted a preconstruction meeting reviewing requirements of the site development permit.
On April 18, 2000, Ray Clark, a county inspector, conducted an unscheduled site inspection. He discovered that significant clearing had occurred. He believed the clearing did not comply with the limitations specified in the site development plans. He reported that many of the clearing limits had been disregarded, as evidenced by removal of trees from the steep slopes, buffer areas, and the oak protection areas. He testified that an estimated 150 trees were logged outside the approved plan, and stumps on the slopes measured from 18 inches to 2 1/2 feet in diameter. A subsequent investigation substantiated the report of violations, revealing that more than 200 stumps had been cut from the steep slope areas, many stumps had been burned and removed, and there were not sufficient erosion control methods. With these reported violations, the PALS posted a stop-work order and contacted the Department of Natural Resources (DNR).
The DNR inspected the site and ultimately concluded that a forest practices permit was required for the west slope, but not for the other areas outside of this slope. Based upon this, the DNR issued a stop-work order on May 8, 2000. Pursuant to local development regulations and state law, PALS imposed a six-year Forest Practices Act of 1974 development moratorium.
On May 17, 2000 PALS notified Respondent it would take action to revoke the preliminary plat because of the violations of site development regulations and the preliminary plat conditions. On May 26, 2000 Respondent filed a request to the hearing examiner to lift the moratorium. A public hearing on the revocation action and moratorium rescission was held on October 4, 2000.
At the hearing, County Planner Taylor and County Inspector Clark presented exhibits and photographs detailing the extent of the violations of conditions. Mr. Taylor noted that the original conditions allowed some limbing and tree removal, but did not allow a clear-cut of the buffer or slope. He concluded that approximately seven acres were removed from the top of the slopes. Respondent’s attorney, Mr. Quinn, conceded in testimony that trees within the White Oak Preservation Area and trees on the steep slope were cut, but he disputed the extent and exact number of trees cut. He asserted that, despite the fact that prohibited cutting occurred, removal of the trees did not violate the conditions because the approvals allowed for selective cutting and removal which did not negatively impact the stability of the present slope.
On November 13, 2000 the hearing examiner revoked the site plan and preliminary plat approvals and denied the request to rescind the moratorium. In his decision, the hearing examiner concluded that
[t]he clearing of the 50-foot landslide and erosion hazard area buffer and the removal of numerous significant trees on the steep slopes below the top of the bank constitute intentional and flagrant violations of conditions of approval and mitigating measures set forth in the Mitigated Determination of Nonsignificance issued pursuant to SEPA [State Environmental Policy Act of 1971, chapter 43.21C RCW] review .... These violations are especially egregious because the most significant issues associated with site plan and preliminary plat approval were concerned with protection of the steep slopes, the proper handling of storm water runoff, and the protection of homes below the slopes near the shoreline. The environmental official also imposed a number of mitigating measures addressing the preservation of vegetation on the slope and establishing an Oregon White Oak Preservation Area, all of which were agreed to by the applicant to avoid issuance of a Determination of Significance and preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement,[]
(Emphasis added.)
Respondent filed a timely request for reconsideration on November 22, 2000. In addition, Respondent requested that the hearing examiner reopen the proceedings or allow a rehearing pursuant to a local law and rule. The hearing examiner denied the request on January 4, 2001.
On January 24, 2001 Respondent filed an appeal in the Thurston County Superior Court under the Land Use Petition Act (LUPA), chapter 36.70C RCW, challenging the revocation and the moratorium. Its appeal reiterated the same arguments considered in the administrative hearing, and raised a new argument contending the hearing examiner exceeded his authority in revoking the preliminary plat.
The Thurston County Superior Court, the Honorable Daniel J. Berschauer, granted the LUPA petition and presided over the bench trial on June 7, 2001. He decided in favor of Respondent HJS Development, Inc., reversing the hearing examiner’s decision revoking the preliminary plat. The court reasoned that state statutes governing plats and subdivision of land preempted the local revocation ordinance under which Hearing Examiner Taylor proceeded in revoking Respondent’s preliminary plat. The court invalidated the ordinance, ruling that it conflicts with state law, reasoning that if the legislature intended to allow revocation of a preliminary plat, it would have expressly done so. The court ruled, in the alternative, that the hearing examiner’s decision was clearly erroneous because he did not consider other viable and less harsh legal options to enforce the conditions and require compliance.
Appellant filed a notice of direct appeal with this court on August 7, 2001. Review was granted on July 1, 2002.
DISCUSSION
Standard of Review
Judicial review of a land use decision proceeds under the LUPA. A petition for review by the superior court constitutes appellate review on the administrative record before the local jurisdiction’s body or officer with the highest level of authority to make the final determination. Relief may be granted when the following standards set forth in LUPA are met:
(a) The body or officer that made the land use decision engaged in unlawful procedure or failed to follow a prescribed process, unless the error was harmless;
(c) The land use decision is not supported by evidence that is substantial when viewed in light of the whole record before the court;
(d) The land use decision is a clearly erroneous application of the law to the facts;
(e) The land use decision is outside the authority or jurisdiction of the body or officer making the decision; or
(f) The land use decision violates the constitutional rights of the party seeking relief.[]
“When reviewing a superior court’s decision on a land use petition, the appellate court stands in the shoes of the superior court.” “ ‘An appellate court reviews administrative decisions on the record of the administrative tribunal, not of the superior court.’ ” We therefore review the record before the Pierce County hearing examiner and review questions of law de novo to determine whether the land use decision was supported by fact and law.
State and Local Platting and Subdivision Processes
Development of real property in this state implicates both state statutes and local ordinances that impose subdivision and platting controls. The state statute, chapter 58.17 RCW, provides a general statutory scheme for regulating subdivision of land to ensure the orderly development of new areas for which new streets, sewers, drainage, and utilities will be needed. The owner or developer initiates the subdivision process by filing a preliminary plat and a complete application for approval by the legislative body of the city, town, or county. A preliminary plat is “a neat and approximate drawing of a proposed subdivision showing the general layout of streets and alleys, lots, blocks, and other elements of a subdivision consistent with the requirements of [chapter 58.17 RCW].” The local planning agency or designated official then considers whether the proposed plat complies with the local comprehensive plan and adopted specifications and standards, and makes recommendations to the local legislative body.
Upon receipt of the recommendation, the legislative body conducts a public hearing on the plat application. In Pierce County the legislative body by ordinance has delegated to the hearing examiner the authority to review and decide plat applications. Approval of a preliminary plat may be subject to conditions imposed by the hearing examiner. Once approved, the owner or developer may begin development to prepare the final plat in compliance with the preliminary plat.
Authority to Revoke Granted by Local Ordinances
Respondent contends the dispositive issue in this case is whether the hearing examiner possessed the power to revoke the preliminary plat. It argues that the local revocation ordinances under which the hearing examiner proceeded, former PCC 18.50.970 and .975, did not grant him authority to revoke the preliminary plat. Respondent asserts that the local ordinances, former PCC 18.50.970 stating that “[t]he Examiner may revoke or modify any site plan approval or permit,” and former PCC 18.50.975 providing that “[t]he Examiner may revoke or modify any permit, use or activity granted pursuant to the Pierce County Zoning Code . . . .” do not include preliminary plats within their purview.
Although the distinction between site plan approval and preliminary plat approval has been blurred with at least one Court of Appeals decision using the two terms interchangeably, Respondent correctly notes that the county code treats the two as distinctly separate processes.
Former PCC 18.50.960 read in part: “Plats are exempt from all procedural requirements of the site plan review process-, however, a plat when being reviewed during the preliminary plat review and approval process, shall be reviewed for consistency with the Gig Harbor Development Plan .... A plat is exempt from [the] site plan approval process . . . .” This distinction is further supported by two proceedings: one in which the county hearing examiner in the revocation proceedings revoked “Division I of the Fox Ridge site plan approval and preliminary plat,” and the other in which the Court of Appeals, Division Two, “vacated and voided rezone ordinances, site plan approval, and plat approval adopted by the City of Tacoma... .” RCW 58.17.070 also treats the two terms distinctly, allowing processing of a preliminary plat application simultaneously with site plan applications.
An administrative tribunal, such as the hearing examiner in this case, has only the authority granted it by statute or ordinance. Based upon distinct treatment of the two processes, a site plan or permit is not a preliminary plat. In this case, the local ordinance allowing revocation of site plans and permits did not grant the hearing officer authority to revoke a preliminary plat. Without more, the purported revocation of the preliminary plat would not be valid under former PCC 18.50.970.
Interpretation of local ordinances is governed by the same rules of construction as state statutes. In considering an undefined term, the court considers the statute as a whole to give meaning to the term in harmony with other statutory provisions. Rules of construction do not apply when the language is clear and explicit. In interpreting statutes and ordinances, definitions contained within the act control the meaning of words used in that act. Courts must reasonably construe ordinances with reference to their purpose.
Former PCC 18.50.975 provided for revocation of any permit, use or activity granted under the Pierce County Zoning Code. However, it did not expressly include preliminary plats as one of the three revocable categories. Respondent distinguishes preliminary plats from the three categories by reference to the definitions and derived meanings contained in former chapter 18.50 PCC.
In interpreting the three categories (permit, use or activity) listed in former PCC 18.50.975, this court examines the definitions and meanings of those terms contained in the regulations. The definition of “preliminary plat” (a representation of the proposed general layout) is not included in the meaning of “permit” or “activity.” “Activity” is defined as “any use conducted on a lot, tract or parcel of land,” and from the local development regulations, “permit [s]” take effect during the developmental phase of the property where some physical activity is involved. In the context of zoning, “activity” has been used to characterize the types of conduct or business occurring on the land, while “permit [s]” under the county code relate to a governmentally approved activity such as a nonconforming use permit or a building permit. A preliminary plat (a tentative representation of the details of a project) thus does not come within the meaning of an “activity” or “permit.”
Former chapter 18.50 PCC defined “use” as follows:
“Use” of property is the purpose or activity for which the land, or building thereon, is designed, arranged or intended, or for which it is occupied or maintained and shall include any manner of performance of such activity with respect to the performance standards of this Regulation. The word “use” also means the word “development.”[]
Under the first definition, a broad reading of “use” includes the definition of a preliminary plat. Construed broadly, “use” can be read to mean “the purpose ... for which the land, ... is designed, arranged, or intended . . . .” A rough sketch of the proposed alleys, blocks, and streets would fit within such a reading. However, a further reading of the same sentence following the disjunctive clauses with the conjunctive “and” indicates that the definition of “use” “shall include any manner of performance of such activity with respect to the performance standards of this Regulation.” This last element of the definition contemplates involvement of some type of “activity” impacting the land. A preliminary plat does not impact the land in a similar manner as does “use” under the regulations.
The Pierce County Code further clarifies the meaning of the word by providing a second definition of “use.” Under the county code “development” or “use” shall mean:
A. Any activity, other than normal agricultural activity which materially affect [s] the existing condition of land or improvements, such as:
1. Clear cutting of trees .. .
2. Substantial excavation of deposits of earth ...
3. Construction, reconstruction or alteration of any improvement . . .
4. Dumping or parking of any objects . . .
5. Commencement of any primary or substantial use of land and every change in its type of intensity.
B. Any change in the legal relationship of persons to land which materially affects development, such as: the division of land into two or more parcels or units to facilitate separate transfer of title to each parcel unit.[]
Under this definition, an activity materially affecting the condition of land is one that physically impacts it. Examples of “uses” listed in the definition—cutting, excavation, construction, dumping, and parking—represent physical actions occurring on the land. A preliminary plat, which is merely a drawing, does not physically impact the land in a similar manner as does a specific land use applied in this context. This definition restricts the term “activity” to a physical activity to or upon the land. Part (B), however, departs from this limitation and expands the meaning of “use” to include conduct which is not physical.
Part (B) of the definition becomes operative when a change in the legal relationship of persons to land materially affects development, such as division of land. Respondent argues there was no such change in this case. A preliminary plat, it asserts, does not affect the division of land. Subdivision of land occurs upon final plat approval, which is not guaranteed by approval of a preliminary plat. It contends a preliminary plat has no effect on the legal relationship of developer to land which materially affects development. It asserts that preliminary plat approval is not a “use.”
This argument is somewhat shortsighted in that it assumes preliminary plat approval and final plat approval are separate and distinct processes. The initial and essential step in obtaining final plat approval is receiving preliminary plat approval. A preliminary plat application notifies the local government of the applicant’s intention to follow plat subdivision procedures to gain final plat approval. Once receiving preliminary plat approval, an owner or developer may proceed to prepare detailed engineering drawings, construct improvements, and prepare the final plat in compliance with the terms and conditions of the approved preliminary plat. Approval (with terms and conditions) of that application by the local government acknowledges the developer’s reliance on that approval in undertaking the plat subdivision process. This approval creates a change in the legal relationship of the owner or developer to the land which materially affects development. Although the right to subdivide land arises from final plat approval, approval of a preliminary plat begins the plat subdivision process. The right to subdivide land arises out of preliminary plat approval. Without a preliminary plat, final plat approval may never be achieved. As indicated in the definition section of the ordinance, a preliminary plat approval for a subdivision is a “use.”
This conclusion is consistent with the revocation ordinance. Former PCC 18.50.975 permits revocation of a use, but only when granted pursuant to the Pierce County Zoning Code or Underlying Zoning} In this case, the applicable local zoning law was the Rural-Residential Environment, which specified the particular developments and uses permitted. The zoning code divided permitted developments and uses into three categories. Like the statutory definition, Category (C)(1) expressly considered a subdivision a permitted “use” under the zoning code.
We conclude that a preliminary plat is within the definition of a “use” and that the revocation ordinance granted the hearing examiner authority to revoke a preliminary plat. The Pierce County hearing examiner had the authority to revoke Appellant’s preliminary plat.
Preemption
Our state constitution, article XI, section 11, allows a county, city or town to “make and enforce within its limits all such local police, sanitary and other regulations as are not in conflict with general laws.” Within this authority counties have plenary police power to enact ordinances, which ceases when in conflict with general state law or when the legislature intended state law to be exclusive, unless there is room for concurrent jurisdiction. Whether there is room for exercise of concurrent jurisdiction depends on legislative intent which is derived from analysis of the statute.
Preemption arises when the legislature has expressed its intent to preempt the field or that intent is manifest from necessary implication. If the legislature is silent on its intent to occupy a given field, we may refer to the purposes of the particular legislative enactment and to facts and circumstances upon which the statute was intended to operate.
In establishing the constitutional invalidity of an ordinance, a heavy burden rests upon the party challenging its constitutionality. “Every presumption will be in favor of constitutionality.” This appeal places at issue the constitutional validity of a local ordinance, former PCC 18.50.975, which granted the Pierce County hearing examiner authority to revoke an approved preliminary plat. Former PCC 18.50.975 allowed revocation of permits, uses, and activities. Respondent contends that grant of such authority impinges upon and violates the state platting laws, chapter 58.17 RCW, which call for land to be divided in a uniform manner. The Thurston County Superior Court, Judge Berschauer, agreed, finding that RCW 58.17.010 expressly evidenced the legislature’s intent to preempt local jurisdictions from enacting conflicting legislation. In support of a preemption conclusion, both Judge Berschauer and Respondent cited the following language in RCW 58.17.010 which sets out the purpose of the chapter: “The legislature finds the process by which land is divided is a matter of state concern and should be administered in a uniform manner by cities, towns, and counties throughout the state.”
Similar uniformity language was discussed in City of Seattle v. Williams, a case challenging a local traffic law. Williams provides some guidance in interpreting the word “uniform” in the preemption context and applied the concept of uniformity to a given field. The question in Williams was whether two general statutes requiring uniformity of traffic laws preempted a city ordinance criminalizing driving under the influence (DUI) at a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of .08 grams. RCW 46-.08.020 stated:
The provisions of this title [Title 46 RCW Motor Vehicles] relating to vehicles shall be applicable and uniform throughout this state and in all incorporated cities and towns and all political subdivisions therein and no local authority shall enact or enforce any law, ordinance, rule or regulation in conflict with the provisions of this title except and unless expressly authorized by law to do so and any laws, ordinances, rules or regulations in conflict with the provisions of this title are hereby declared to be invalid and of no effect. Local authorities may, however, adopt additional vehicle and traffic regulations which are not in conflict with the provisions of this title.
(Emphasis added.)
RCW 46.08.030 provided:
The provisions of this title relating to the operation of vehicles shall be applicable and uniform upon all persons operating vehicles upon the public highways of this state, except as otherwise specifically provided.
(Emphasis added.)
Without a statutory definition of “uniform,” in interpreting the statutes we employed the dictionary definition of the word, defining it to mean “ ‘marked by lack of variation, diversity,’ ” and “ ‘marked by complete conformity to a rule or pattern or by similarity in salient detail or practice.’ ” Incorporating this definition, we concluded the statutory scheme relating to motor vehicles must “lack variation,” and that the legislature intended the provisions of Title 46 RCW to be uniformly applied throughout the state. We additionally considered how the challenged ordinance establishing the offense at .08 grams of alcohol disrupted the uniform statewide application of state DUI laws which criminalized DUI at the .10 percent BAC level. We found that the ordinance, varying in salient detail from the state law on DUI, significantly undermined the uniformity requirement of both RCW 46.08.020 and RCW 46.08.030.
In Williams we concluded that the “uniform” language found in the statutes evidenced the legislature’s intent to create a statutory scheme with the same standards consistently applicable throughout the state. In this respect, the uniformity requirement preempted local legislative bodies from enacting ordinances inconsistent with the standards set out in state traffic laws. Because the challenged ordinance departed from the state DUI standard of .10 percent BAC, we concluded that the ordinance violated the statutory uniformity requirement, but we were “not saying that a municipality may never enact traffic laws for which there is a statutory provision on the same subject,” rejecting Respondent Williams’ argument that the uniformity requirement of the state statutes preempts all ordinances directed against. DUI.
Although Williams provides some guidance on the preemption issue in this case, it is, however, distinguishable. Unlike Williams, this case does not involve an ordinance that varied in detail from standards established by state laws. Relying on Williams, Respondent argues that state platting laws, specifically RCW 58.17.100, requiring only approval or disapproval of a preliminary plat, preempts the revocation ordinance because it departs from the statutory scheme. Reliance on Williams for this proposition is misplaced. In this case, the revocation ordinance does not depart from the state statutory scheme of uniformity. State platting laws are silent on revocation of a preliminary plat.
Located in the purpose section and having no operative force, the “uniform” language in RCW 58.17.010 serves only as a guide to the intended effect of the operative sections. This means the process of dividing land in one county should “not vary” from another in which all local governments must follow the procedures specified in chapter 58.17 RCW. Because RCW 58.17.010 does not contain the “exclusivity’ language identified in the Williams case, no meaning of “uniform” can be ascertained to preempt the entire field of dividing property. This court “will not interpret a statute to deprive a municipality of the power to legislate on a particular subject unless that clearly is the legislative intent.” We do not interpret the purpose section of chapter 58.17 RCW to deprive a county of the power to revoke a preliminary plat because it is not clear under the statute whether the legislature intended such deprivation.
Respondent’s uniformity requirement argument is also undercut by the fact that local jurisdictions are solely responsible for preliminary plat and final plat approvals, and may adopt regulations or condition such approvals to mitigate problems caused by a development. This court in Isla Verde International Holdings v. City of Camas and the Court of Appeals in Norco Construction, Inc. v. King County have acknowledged the authority of local governments to supplement state platting laws for the public health, safety, and welfare. Under this authority, the challenged ordinance in this case was appropriately enacted to allow revocation of an approved “use” when that use is exercised against the public health, safety or general welfare. The statutory scheme of chapter 58.17 RCW is designed to protect the public health, safety and general welfare. In recognition of this, the legislature has left room for concurrent jurisdiction in matters relating to these interests. Former PCC 18.50.975 providing for revocation of a preliminary plat was not preempted by RCW 58.17.010.
Conflict
We must decide whether there is a conflict between former PCC 18.50.975, allowing revocation of a preliminary plat, and RCW 58.17.140, providing that a final plat meeting all requirements of the chapter shall be submitted for approval within five years of the preliminary plat approval. Local jurisdictions may enact ordinances upon subjects already covered by state legislation if their enactment does not conflict with state legislation. This court will consider an ordinance to be constitutionally invalid on grounds of conflict if the ordinance “ ‘directly and irreconcilably conflicts with the statute.’ ” If, however, the ordinance and statute can be harmonized, no conflict will be found. Unconstitutional conflict occurs when an ordinance permits what is forbidden by state law or prohibits what state law permits.
Respondent interprets RCW 58.17.140 to unconditionally allow it five years following preliminary plat approval to comply with conditions and requirements. It asserts the legislature chose this policy to bring preliminary plats within the arena of vested rights to instill certainty of the rules governing land development. Its vested right, Respondent contends, may be extinguished only upon a finding that the final plat as submitted does not conform to preliminary plat conditions or operative development regulations, and that revocation of the preliminary plat before five years has expired violates its vested right.
Respondent misconstrues RCW 58.17.140. Its contention assumes that the provision grants it an unqualified right to develop its property without limitation for five years after preliminary plat approval. RCW 58.17.140 does not support such an assumption. The provision sets a time limit for preliminary plats. It still requires full compliance with conditions and requirements of preliminary plat approval before a final plat can be submitted for review and approval.
Respondent also misunderstands the concept of vested rights in the preliminary plat review and approval context. Its argument assumes that the doctrine confers without limitations or conditions a right to develop the land for five years after preliminary plat approval. The vesting doctrine has generally been applied in the preliminary plat context merely to confer the right to have an application for preliminary plat considered under ordinances and laws in effect at the time a completed application is filed. Chapter 58.17 RCW is silent on revocation.
Subdivision of land is both a local and statewide concern. State platting laws expressly charge local governments with the duty to ensure that the public interest is best served by approval of preliminary plats and final plats. The legislature has provided that local governments may adopt regulations for the public health, safety, and general welfare in considering plat approval. When conditions of approval of a preliminary plat cannot be satisfied or are deliberately violated, remedial action, such as revocation, may be the only remedy. A revocation ordinance may be reconciled with state platting laws in circumstances under which revocation is necessary to protect the public health, safety and welfare. Revocation of a preliminary plat is appropriate in those cases in which it is impossible to satisfy the conditions of approval because of knowing and deliberate violations of conditions.
Decision by Hearing Examiner
When reviewing a superior court’s decision on a land use petition, we review the record of the administrative tribunal and not the record of the superior court. In this case we review the record before the Pierce County hearing examiner de novo to determine whether there was evidence to support the land use decision.
Respondent contends the hearing examiner’s decision was erroneous because he did not consider whether Respondent could satisfy the requirements for final plat approval within the statutory time period of five years, and that less drastic remedial methods than revocation were available to enforce the violated or unfulfilled conditions. It argues that despite its removal of trees in the preservation area and on the steep slopes, the hearing examiner committed error by not determining whether removal of those trees jeopardized the public interest by negatively impacting the stability of the slope.
Respondent, however, cannot satisfy the requirements for final plat approval because it cannot meet the conditions of preliminary plat approval, which specifically prohibited removal of trees and vegetation in specified areas. The conditions imposed contemplated the public safety and welfare. It is clear from the record that Respondent knowingly and deliberately violated conditions of preliminary plat approval which cannot be remedied. Respondent can never comply with the specified conditions of the plat approval because, among other reasons, the removed white oak trees cannot be restored to their original state. Monetary fines and remediation methods cannot correct the violations committed by Respondent. Revocation was the only proper remedy.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
At issue in this case is the revocation of a preliminary plat under former Pierce County Code (PCC) 18.50.970 and 18.50.975. Respondent contends the Pierce County hearing examiner exceeded his authority in revoking its preliminary plat because the local revocation ordinance, allowing revocation of any site plan permit or approval, permit, use, or activity, did not include preliminary plats.
Site plans, permits, and activities do not come within the definition of a preliminary plat (a drawing of the proposed subdivision showing the general layout of streets and alleys, lots, and blocks). The definition of use under the ordinance, however, includes subdivisions. Because preliminary plat approval initiates the subdivision process, approval of a preliminary plat for a subdivision is a “use.” The ordinance therefore granted the hearing examiner authority to revoke a preliminary plat.
Respondent contends that state platting laws, chapter 58.17 RCW, preempted enactment of any ordinance allowing revocation of preliminary plats. It erroneously relies on City of Seattle v. Williams, 128 Wn.2d 341, to support its argument that the language in RCW 58.17.010, calling for land to be divided in a uniform manner, evidences the intent of the legislature to preempt the field. Williams is distinguishable. Legislative intent is clear from the provisions at issue in that case, but not clear from the provision at issue in this case.
Respondent’s uniformity requirement argument is also undercut by the fact that local jurisdictions are solely responsible for preliminary plat and final plat approvals, and may adopt regulations or conditions for those approvals. This court in Isla Verde International Holdings, Inc. v. City of Camas, 146 Wn.2d 740, and the Court of Appeals in Norco Construction, Inc. v. King County, 29 Wn. App. 179, have acknowledged the authority of local governments to supplement state platting laws for the public health, safety, and welfare. Under this authority the revocation ordinance, former PCC 18.50.975, was properly enacted and not preempted by state platting laws.
Respondent claims there is a conflict between the revocation ordinance and RCW 58.17.140, which provides that a final plat meeting all requirements of the chapter shall be submitted for approval within five years of preliminary plat approval. Respondent misinterprets this provision as granting it an unqualified right to develop its property without limitation for five years after preliminary plat approval. The provision does nothing more than set a time limit for preliminary plats. No direct conflict exists because RCW 58.17.140 is silent on revocation.
The hearing examiner correctly decided revocation was the only remedy in this case because Respondent can never satisfy the conditions for final plat approval and conditions of preliminary plat approval. Respondent knowingly and deliberately violated conditions of preliminary plat approval which cannot be remedied. This particularly involved violation of prohibitions against removal of irreplaceable trees and vegetation in specified areas. Monetary fines and remediation methods cannot correct the violations committed by Respondent because the trees removed from the Oregon White Oak Preservation Area can never be restored to their original state.
We determine that the Pierce County hearing examiner had authority to revoke Respondent’s preliminary plat under former PCC 18.50.975; that state platting laws do not preempt Pierce County from enacting the challenged revocation ordinance; that the revocation ordinance did not conflict with state platting laws; and that the hearing examiner correctly decided revocation was the only remedy.
Alexander, C.J., Ireland, Chambers, and Owens, JJ., and Becker, J. Pro Tem., concur.
Madsen, J.
(dissenting) — The majority concludes that former Pierce County Code (PCC) 18.50.975 authorized revocation of HJS Development’s preliminary plat approval on the grounds that the developer failed to comply with conditions of preliminary plat approval. However, the county’s former land use regulations applicable to this case contain no such authority, and therefore I respectfully dissent.
The majority first concludes, and I agree, that former PCC 18.50.970, concerning revocation of “any site plan approval or permit” did not apply to preliminary plats because under the county code neither of these terms encompasses preliminary plat approval.
Former PCC 18.50.975 provided for revocation or modification of “any permit, use or activity granted pursuant to the Pierce County Zoning Code or allowed pursuant to the Underlying Zoning which shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, site plans related to special zones or unclassified use permits.” The majority says, and again I agree, that former PCC 18.50.975, insofar as it concerns revocation of any “permit” or any “activity,” did not apply to preliminary plats. Majority at 472-73. The majority then reasons, however, that the term “use” in former PCC 18.50.975 did encompass preliminary plat approval. Majority at 473. The majority notes that former PCC 18.50.145U.1 defined “ ‘use’ ” as meaning “ ‘development,’ ” among other things. Id. at 473. “Development,” in turn, was defined in part as “[a]ny change in the legal relationship of persons to land which materially affects development, such as: the division of land into two or more parcels or units to facilitate separate transfer of title to each parcel or unit.” Former PCC 18.50.145D.3(B). The majority says that preliminary plat approval creates a change in the legal relationship of the owner or developer to the land that materially affects development, and thus preliminary plat approval is a “use” within the meaning of former PCC 18.50.975. Majority at 474. I disagree.
Until a final plat is approved and filed, it is illegal to transfer or sell, or advertise for transfer or sale, any lot, tract, or parcel. RCW 58.17.200 (providing that prosecuting attorney “shall commence an action to restrain and enjoin further subdivisions or sales, or transfers, or offers of sale or transfer and compel compliance with all provisions of” chapter 58.17 RCW). The majority itself acknowledges that the right to subdivide arises from final plat approval. Majority at 475; see RCW 58.17.170 (“[w]hen the legislative body of the city, town or county finds that the subdivision proposed for final plat approval conforms to all terms of the preliminary plat approval, . . . other applicable state laws, and any [applicable] local ordinances,” then it shall give final written approval “on the face of the plat”). And, “[flinal approval cannot be granted if [the conditions to preliminary plat approval] are not met.” Friends of the Law v. King County, 123 Wn.2d 518, 528, 869 P.2d 1056 (1994); see also, e.g., 18 William B. Stoebuck, Washington Practice: Real Estate: Property Law § 5.4, at 271 (1995) (an applicant’s inability or unwillingness to meet conditions for dedications or public improvements appear to be causes for denial of plat approval).
Preliminary plat approval does not authorize subdivision of land. As the majority says, “approval of a preliminary plat begins the plat subdivision process.” Majority at 475 (emphasis added). The majority also says that “the right to subdivide land arises from final plat approval” Id. at 475 (emphasis added). Thus, although preliminary plat approval is a significant stage in plat approval, in that it involves the actual decisions as to the terms and conditions of final plat approval, the majority itself necessarily recognizes that preliminary plat approval does not authorize subdivision.
Since there is no right to subdivide land merely upon preliminary plat approval, preliminary plat approval does not, and cannot, change the legal relationship of the owner or the developer to the land that materially affects development. Therefore, while preliminary plat approval is an important part of the approval process, it does not come within the definition of “development” in former PCC 18.50.145D.3(B), and thus it not within the meaning of “use” in former PCC 18.50.145U.1. Preliminary plat approval therefore does not fall within the revocation authority stated in former PCC 18.50.975.
The majority’s statement that its conclusion is consistent with former PCC 18.50.975’s limitation on revocation, i.e., that a use may be revoked only when granted pursuant to the county zoning code or underlying zoning, is also unfounded. The majority refers to the applicable zoning law specifying developments and uses permitted, noting that former PCC 18.50.185 divided them into three categories. Majority at 476. The majority then says that former PCC 18.50.185(C)(1) expressly considered a subdivision a permitted use under the zoning code, “[l]ike the statutory definition.” Majority at 476.
However, while a subdivision may be a permitted use under the zoning code, the majority’s equation of preliminary plat approval to a subdivision as the term is used in former PCC 18.50.185 suffers from the same flaw as its main analysis. That is, while a subdivision can involve land that has been divided into parcels for the transfer of title to each parcel, as the statutory definition of “development” in former PCC 18.50.145(D).3(B) contemplates, a preliminary plat cannot. Therefore, I do not find persuasive the majority’s attempt to reinforce its conclusion by equating the zoning code to the ordinance’s definition of “development.”
Finally, I note that Pierce County maintains, in an argument directed at whether state law preempts any local ordinances respecting revocation, that the authority to revoke is implied in state law. It is not necessary to reach the question of preemption, since the local ordinances did not, in any event, purport to authorize revocation of preliminary plat approval.
In contrast to the majority, I would hold that none of the express revocation provisions in Pierce County’s former land use regulations applies to authorize revocation of HJS Development’s preliminary plat approval. Accordingly, the superior court’s decision should be affirmed.
Sanders, J., concurs with Madsen, J.
Reconsideration denied April 11, 2003.
Justice Charles Z. Smith is serving as a justice pro tempore of the Supreme Court pursuant to Const, art. IV, § 2(a).
Fox Ridge Investments filed the preliminary plat and site plan application. Respondent HJS Development, Inc., is the property owner. Both entities are the same party Respondent on this appeal.
Under RCW 58.17.033(2), “[t]he requirements for a folly completed application shall be defined by local ordinance.” Appellant acknowledges Respondent filed a complete application for plat approval.
Clerk’s Papers at 37. The Gig Harbor Peninsula Development Regulations, which regulated development of all property on the Gig Harbor Peninsula in unincorporated Pierce County, former chapter 18.50 of the Pierce County Code, required proposed plats to be processed with a site plan in the Rural-Residential Environment.
Id.
Id. at 181.
In 1989 the Pierce County Council amended the comprehensive plan and the Gig Harbor Peninsula Development Regulations and adopted the Rural-Residential Environment of the Gig Harbor Peninsula Comprehensive Plan which included essentially all of Fox Island.
The Pierce County Comprehensive Plan became effective on January 1, 1995.
Clerk’s Papers at 37.
Id. at 249-50 (emphasis added).
Id. at 140, 198. Former PCC 21.14.030(c)(2), “Geologically Hazardous Areas” Ordinance states: “The development proposal may be approved, approved with conditions or denied based [upon] the Department’s evaluation of the ability of the proposed mitigation measures to reduce risks associated with the erosion and landslide hazard area.”
Id. (citing Admin. R. at 819).
Id.
Id. (citing Admin. R. at 822-23).
Id. (citing Admin. R. at 826-28). Appellant’s brief cites the report in stating “Selective clearing is considered to be acceptable with the 50 foot BSBL [building setback and buffer line] for the purpose of creating lawns and landscaped areas. Selective clearing is defined herein to mean the removal of small trees, bushes and other low-lying vegetation and the removal of dead, diseased or dangerous trees. No trees greater than 36 inches in diameter at breast height (dbh) occurring within the BSBL or upon adjacent steep slopes shall be removed with the exception of dead, diseased or dangerous trees.”
Id. at 198.
See id. (noting former PCC 21.14.030(c)(2) “Geologically Hazardous Areas” and former PCC 21.20.080.D “Critical Areas and Natural Resource Land Authority and Purpose”).
Id.
Id. at 201.
Id.
Id. at 202 (emphasis added).
Id.
Id.
Id. at 203-04.
Id. at 204.
Id. at 175.
Id. at 175-76.
Id. at 174-95.
Verbatim Report of Proceedings (VRP) of Recorded Hearing Before Hearing Examiner Stephen K. Causseaux, Jr. (Feb. 5, 1998) at 3-8.
VRP at 5.
Id.
Id. at 9-18.
Id.
Clerk’s Papers at 174-95. The hearing examiner’s decision adopted all of the MDNS mitigated measures as conditions of approval.
VRP (Oct. 4, 2000) at 6.
Id.; Clerk’s Papers at 208.
Clerk’s Papers at 208.
VRP (Oct. 4, 2000) at 6.
Id. at 128.
Id. at 18, App. C.
Clerk’s Papers at 208.
Id.
See Title 18(h) PCC and ch. 76.09 RCW.
Clerk’s Papers at 208. Two Fox Island residents also filed a petition for revocation of the preliminary plat.
See VRP (Oct. 4, 2000).
Clerk’s Papers at 209.
Id.
Id. at 212.
Id. at 231.
id.
Id. at 64.
PCC 1.22.130 authorizes the examiner to “take such further action as is deemed proper”; Rule 1.11 of the Rules of Procedure for Hearings authorizes reopening of a hearing “for good cause shown” or in the “interest of justice.”
Clerk’s Papers at 70.
Id. at 4.
Id. at 79-124.
VRP (June 7, 2001).
The court did not address the moratorium issue. VRP (June 7, 2001) at 25-28.
VRP (June 7, 2001) at 104-06.
Id. at 106.
Id. at 109.
Notice of Appeal to Washington State Supreme Court, No. 71430-4 (Aug. 7, 2001).
Order Granting Review (July 1, 2002).
See ROW 36.70C.030 which provides specific exceptions; Chelan County v. Nykreim, 146 Wn.2d 904, 916-17, 52 P.3d 1 (2002).
See Citizens to Preserve Pioneer Park v. City of Mercer Island, 106 Wn. App. 461, 470, 24 P.3d 1079 (2001); RCW 36.700.130(1), .020(1).
RCW 36.700.130(1).
Citizens, 106 Wn. App. at 470.
King County v. Wash. State Boundary Review Bd., 122 Wn.2d 648, 672, 860 P.2d 1024 (1993) (quoting Sherman v. Moloney, 106 Wn.2d 873, 881, 725 P.2d 966 (1986); Farm Supply Distribs., Inc. v. Wash. Utils. & Transp. Comm’n, 83 Wn.2d 446, 448, 518 P.2d 1237 (1974); Schmitt v. Cape George Sewer Dist. No. 1, 61 Wn. App. 1, 4, 809 P.2d 217 (1991)).
See City of Univ. Place v. McGuire, 144 Wn.2d 640, 647, 30 P.3d 453 (2001); Girton v. City of Seattle, 97 Wn. App. 360, 363, 983 P.2d 1135 (1999) (citing Boundary Review Bd., 122 Wn.2d at 672; Hilltop Terrace Homeowner’s Ass’n v. Island County, 126 Wn.2d 22, 29, 891 P.2d 29 (1995)).
See RCW 58.17.010; Norco Constr., Inc. v. King County, 29 Wn. App. 179, 180, 627 P.2d 988 (1981).
See RCW 58.17.030, .070.
RCW 58.17.020(4).
RCW 58.17.100; Norco Constr., Inc., 29 Wn. App. at 180-81.
See RCW 58.17.100; PCC 16.08.020.
PCC 16.08.020.
Norco Constr., Inc., 29 Wn. App. at 181.
It is well established that if a case can be decided on nonconstitutional grounds, an appellate court should decline to consider the constitutional issues. See Isla Verde Int’l Holdings, Inc. v. City of Camas, 146 Wn.2d 740, 752, 49 P.3d 867 (2002); State v. Speaks, 119 Wn.2d 204, 207, 829 P.2d 1096 (1992).
Former PCC 18.50.970 and 18.50.975 (emphasis added). Standards for revocation established in the ordinance, former PCC 18.50.995, stated in part:
Such revocation or modification shall be made on any one or more of the following grounds:
D. That the permit or variance granted is being, or recently has been, exercised contrary to the terms or conditions of such approval, or in violation of any Statute, Resolution, Code, Law or Regulation;
E. That the use for which the approval was granted was so exercised as to be detrimental to the public health or safety, or so as to constitute a nuisance.
See Burley Lagoon Improvement Ass’n v. Pierce County, 38 Wn. App. 534, 540, 686 P.2d 503 (1984). In the city of Seattle, site plan permits are master use permits (MUPs) employed to streamline the regulatory review process. MUPs include a number of regulatory components such as environmental impact review, comprehensive plan review, and other use inquiries. See, e.g., Erickson & Assocs. v. McLerran, 123 Wn.2d 864, 872 P.2d 1090 (1994). In the revocation hearing, the Pierce County Planning and Land Services Department requested the hearing examiner to consider revocation of the site plan for violations of the plat’s conditions of approval. Clerk’s Papers at 36.
Br. of Resp’t (citing former PCC 18.50.960) (emphasis added).
Clerk’s Papers at 231.
Brister v. Council of Tacoma, 27 Wn. App. 474, 476, 619 P.2d 982 (1980) (treating site plan and plat approval as separate processes). Although neither party defines “site plan,” it is unlikely to be confused with “binding site plan.” As defined by statute, a “binding site plan” is an alternative method in dividing land and exempted from the platting requirements of chapter 58.17 RCW. It is similar to a preliminary plat in that it requires a drawing to scale to subdivide land, but it is applicable in only three types of land uses: (1) commercially or industrially zoned property; (2) mobile home or travel trailer sites; and (3) condominium development. This case, involving single-family dwellings in a rural-residential zone, does not come within this definition.
Lejeune v. Clallam County, 64 Wn. App. 257, 270, 823 P.2d 1144 (1992).
See McTavish v. N. Woodridge Crest Ass’n, 89 Wn. App. 561, 565, 949 P.2d 837 (1998); Brister, 27 Wn. App. at 476.
World Wide Video, Inc. v. City of Tukwila, 117 Wn.2d 382, 392, 816 P.2d 18 (1991), cert. denied, 503 U.S. 986 (1992).
Heinsma v. City of Vancouver, 144 Wn.2d 556, 563, 29 P.3d 709 (2001).
State v. Villarreal, 97 Wn. App. 636, 641, 642, 984 P.2d 1064 (1999); McTavish, 89 Wn. App. at 565.
Burley Lagoon Improvement Ass’n, 38 Wn. App. at 536-37 (citing N. Pac. Coast Freight Bureau v. State, 12 Wn.2d 563, 122 P.2d 467 (1942)).
Burley Lagoon Improvement Ass’n, 38 Wn. App. at 537 (citing State ex rel. Spokane United Rys. v. Dep’t of Pub. Servs., 191 Wash. 595, 71 P.2d 661 (1937)).
Burley Lagoon Improvement Ass’n, 38 Wn. App. at 538.
Former PCC 18.50.145A.2.
Respondent contends “permits” under the code does not refer to or make mention of preliminary plats. Instead the code specifies “use permits” for “conditional use,” “unclassified use,” and “nonconforming use” of the property and “building permits” and “site development permits” for development of the property, citing former PCC 18.203.050, <IP_ADDRESS>, 18.10.610(1), (N), .630(0, (D), .680(B), .700(A)(1), .145U.2; PCC 17A.10.070.
King County v. Cent. Puget Sound Growth Mgmt. Hearings Bd., 142 Wn.2d 543, 554,14 P.3d 133 (2000) (“ ‘preventing interference with agricultural activities by nearby non-agrieultural land uses’ ”).
See former PCC 18.203.050, <IP_ADDRESS>, 18.10.610(1), (N), .630(0, (D), .680(B), .700(A)(1), .145U.2; PCC 17A.10.070.
Former PCC 18.50.145U.1, .145D.3.
See id.
Id. Ordinarily, the word “or” does not mean “and” unless there is clear legislative intent to the contrary. See State v. Tiffany, 44 Wash. 602, 87 P. 932 (1906). Statutory phrases separated by the word “and” generally should be construed in the conjunctive. See 1A Norman J. Singer, Statutes and Statutory Construction § 21:14, at 179-81 (6th ed. 2002).
Former PCC 18.50.145D.3.
See id.
See, e.g., Cent. Puget Sound Growth Mgmt. Hearings Bd., 142 Wn.2d at 550; Citizens for Mount Vernon v. City of Mount Vernon, 133 Wn.2d 861, 947 P.2d 1208 (1997); Christianson v. Snohomish Health Dist., 133 Wn.2d 647, 946 P.2d 768 (1997).
Br. of Resp’t at 24.
See ROW 58.17.140, .150, .160, .170.
See ROW 58.17.170.
6 Wash. State Bar Ass’n, Real Property Deskbook § 89.5(2) (1996).
See Loveless v. Yantis, 82 Wn.2d 754, 763, 513 P.2d 1023 (1973) (a preliminary plat approval constitutes a major action significantly affecting the environment, necessitating an environmental impact statement).
See RCW 58.17.170.
Former PCC 18.50.975.
Clerk’s Papers at 36; former PCC 18.50.180, .185.
Developments or uses permitted outright; (B) Development or uses permitted after administrative review and approval of a site plan by the Planning Department; and (C) Development or uses permitted after review and approval of a site plan by the Examiner after at least one public hearing.” Former PCC 18.50.185.
Former PCC 18.50.185(C)(1) stated in part:
1. Any use or activity which requires a public hearing or public meeting.... In the event any use or activity requires approval over and beyond the requirements of this Regulation and the Examiner has the authority to review the matter under the other Regulations or Code, the Examiner may consider the separate applications concurrently .... This Section shall be applicable, but not necessarily limited to, subdivisions ....
Const. art. XI, § 11.
See Rabon v. City of Seattle, 135 Wn.2d 278, 287, 957 P.2d 621 (1998); Brown v. City of Yakima, 116 Wn.2d 556, 559, 807 P.2d 353 (1991).
Lenci v. City of Seattle, 63 Wn.2d 664, 667-69, 388 P.2d 926 (1964) (citing In re Habeas Corpus of Iverson, 199 Cal. 582, 250 P. 681 (1926)).
Rabon, 135 Wn.2d at 289; Brown, 116 Wn.2d at 560.
Brown, 116 Wn.2d at 560; Lend, 63 Wn.2d at 669-70.
Lend, 63 Wn.2d at 667-68 (citing Letterman v. City of Tacoma, 53 Wn.2d 294, 333 P.2d 650 (1958)).
Id. at 668 (citing Winkenwerder v. City of Yakima, 52 Wn.2d 617, 328 P.2d 873 (1958)).
Former PCC 18.50.975.
See VRP (June 7, 2001) at 104.
RCW 58.17.010 (emphasis added).
City of Seattle v. Williams, 128 Wn.2d 341, 359-60, 908 P.2d 359 (1995).
Id. at 347-48.
Williams, 128 Wn.2d at 349-50 (quoting Webster’s Third New International Dictionary 2498 (3d ed. 1986)).
Id. at 363 (Talmadge, J., dissenting).
Id. at 353.
See RCW 58.17.100.
Br. of Resp’t at 27.
See Oliver v. Harborview Med. Ctr., 94 Wn.2d 559, 565, 618 P.2d 76 (1980).
Trimen Dev. Co. v. King County, 124 Wn.2d 261, 270, 877 P.2d 187 (1994); Rabon, 135 Wn.2d at 291.
See RCW 58.17.100, .110. See also Isla Verde Int'l Holdings, Inc. v. City of Camas, 146 Wn.2d 740, 763, 49 P.3d 867 (2002) (“[L]ocal governments have the authority to adopt regulations or to withhold plat approval if appropriate provisions have not been made ....”); Norco Constr., Inc. v. King County, 29 Wn. App. 179, 180, 627 P.2d 988 (1981).
Isla Verde Int'l Holdings, 146 Wn.2d 740; Norco Constr., Inc., 29 Wn. App. 179.
Former PCC 18.50.995.
See RCW 58.17.100, .110 (allowing enactment of regulations for the public health, safety, and general welfare).
Lend, 63 Wn.2d at 670.
Heinsma, 144 Wn.2d at 564 (quoting Brown, 116 Wn.2d at 561).
Id.
Rabon, 135 Wn.2d at 292 (citing Trimen Dev. Co., 124 Wn.2d at 269; City of Bellingham v. Schampera, 57 Wn.2d 106, 110-11, 356 P.2d 292 (1960)).
Br. of Resp’t at 31, 32.
See RCW 58.17.140.
id.
Friends of the Law v. King County, 123 Wn.2d 518, 522, 869 P.2d 1056 (1994); RCW 58.17.030.
See RCW 58.17.100, .110.
See RCW 58.17.110.
Boundary Review Bd., 122 Wn.2d at 672.
See McGuire, 144 Wn.2d at 647; Girton, 97 Wn. App. at 363 (citing Boundary Review Bd., 122 Wn.2d at 672; Hilltop Terrace Homeowner’s Ass’n, 126 Wn.2d at 29).
Clerk’s Papers at 212-13.
Under RCW 58.17.205, an offer or agreement to sell, lease, or transfer a lot, tract, or parcel of land that is expressly conditioned on recording of the final plat is not subject to RCW 58.17.200’s injunctive action.
That code provision states in relevant part:
“Developments or uses permitted after review and approval of a site plan by the Examiner after at least one public hearing are as follows:
“1. Any use .. . which requires a public hearing or public meeting according to any other law, ordinance, regulation, or Code.... This Section shall be applicable, but not necessarily limited to . . . subdivisions . .. .”
Former PCC 18.50.185(C)(1).
| CASELAW |
Page:Evelina (1778 Volume 1).pdf/136
during this time, what was my concern, and suffer me to add, my indignation, when I found, by some words I occasionally heard, that Madame Duval was entertaining Mr. Branghton with all the most secret and cruel particulars of my situation! The eldest daughter was soon drawn to them by the recital; the youngest and the son still kept their places, intending, I believe, to divert me, though the conversation was all their own.
In a few minutes, Miss Branghton, coming suddenly up to her sister, exclaimed, "Lord, Polly, only think! Miss never saw her papa!"
"Lord, how odd!" cried the other; "why then, Miss, I suppose you would n't know him?"
This was quite too much for me; I rose hastily, and ran out of the room: but I soon regretted I had so little command of myself, for the two sisters both followed, and insisted upon comforting me, notwithstanding my earnest entreaties to be left alone.
As soon as I returned to the company, Madame Duval said, "Why, my dear, what was the matter with you? why did you run away so?"
This question almost made me run again, for I knew not how to answer it. | WIKI |
Rash risk rises when the heat is on
With summer approaching and warmer weather to look forward to, a downside is the potential for a skin issue related to higher temperatures.
Apart from sunburn, heat rash is another condition that can be unique to this warmer season, as it’s more likely to happen when the body sweats. It’s also sometimes called prickly heat or sweat rash. Although harmless, it can be very itchy, causing small red spots where sweat collects, such as the armpits, groin, elbow creases, back of the knees and under the breasts.
According to Harvard University heat rash can also be an initial sign that the body needs to cool down. It can be important to address a heat rash before other heat related illnesses take hold. Sustained exposure to high heat can lead to heat exhaustion and heat stroke.
With the Climate Council predicting El Nino conditions to bring high heat and a dry summer for Australia, some preparation and prevention measures would be wise.
Symptoms
The good news is that symptoms of heat rash are usually short lived, lasting about two to three days. Cleveland Clinic reports that it can spread on the body, through the clogged sweat pathways, but doesn’t spread from person to person. Cleveland Clinic
Symptoms include tiny red spots or clear blisters, an irritating itch and prickling sensation and redness and mild swelling in the affected area. For babies, these symptoms often appear in the skin folds, on their face or in the nappy area.
Occasionally, the fluid filled sacs of heat rash can become inflamed and pus-filled, potentially leading to an infection.
Causes
Heat rash is usually caused by excessive sweating, with the sweat glands getting blocked. According to Cleveland Clinic the body reacts to the clog and attempts to heal it by creating inflammation that forms a rash.
It’s common in babies as their sweat glands haven’t developed properly yet. It can also happen in older children. It can strike adults who may be bedridden, with sweat and heat accumulating underneath them, or anyone sleeping with too many blankets or layers on.
According to the Australasian College of Dermatologists, heat rash is diagnosed by a doctor often based on the typical appearance of the lesions, through diagnostic tests in rupturing the blister to assess the sweat, a biopsy, or a skin swab to rule out secondary infection.
Treatment
Heat rash can normally get better without treatment. However, in the meantime, the key is to keep the skin cool and dry to avoid sweating and irritation of the rash. Some avoidance measures that can be taken include drinking plenty of water to prevent dehydration, staying out of heat and humidity, and remaining in an air-conditioned environment or near a fan.
Clothing to wear should be loose and made of cotton, with fabrics such as wool, synthetics or scratchy material that can irritate the skin to be avoided. For babies and children, clothes and nappies should be changed regularly.
To soothe the itching or prickly sensations, applying something cold to the area my help, such as a damp cloth or ice pack (wrapped in a tea towel) for up to 20 minutes.
Avoid scratching the area, as this could lead to the bumps on the skin breaking open easily, and possibly to an infection, according to Cleveland Clinic. It’s best to tap or pat the rash instead of scratching it, and avoid use of perfumed skin care products.
A cool bath or shower may help bring short-term relief from any itching, but excessive showering or bathing should be avoided as this can strip the body of its natural oils that protect the skin, and may make it worse. Children should avoid soaps.
Over-the-counter pharmacy products to relieve the symptoms of itching include calamine lotion and antihistamine tablets. Harvard University recommends against using baby powder, or oily or greasy moisturisers, as these can further block sweat ducts. The International Hyperhidrosis Society points to aloe vera as a good choice.
Low strength hydrocortisone cream is also an option to treat the inflammation, although this is not suitable for children under 10 or pregnant women unless they’ve seen a doctor first about this.
Role of pharmacists
Apart from recommending OTC products, pharmacists could look out for signs that a referral to a GP may be required.
“Pharmacists can play a really important role in this space, by identifying if the skin condition is indeed heat rash and no other conditions that may present similar symptoms, such as dermatitis, eczema or fungal infection,” said Dr Vincent Candrawinata, health and wellness expert and founder of Renovatio Bioscience. “Identifying the condition ensures proper treatments.
“Pharmacists should ask questions regarding how long the symptoms have presented, if there are any accompanying symptoms, or history of skin issues.”
Bianca Laver is a clinical educator and aesthetician who added: “If a rash is more severe, a pharmacist should encourage a patient to see their healthcare provider or a [dermatologist] to be sure it’s heat rash and not another skin disorder.”
Questions to ask the patient include:
• How long have you had the rash?
• What could have caused this rash?
• Is this a repeated issue, and if so, what variables usually precede the heat rash?
• Have there been any changes in environment or new routines?
The patient may need to see a GP if the rash doesn’t improve after a few days, or their baby has a rash they’re concerned about.
Other indications a patient may need to see a doctor include:
• The blisters fill with pus.
• The area is getting red and swollen, or feels warm.
• If the patient is feeling unwell or has a fever.
• If there are swollen lymph nodes.
Antiseptics and antibiotics may be recommended if a secondary infection is suspected.
According to the Australasian College of Dermatologists, when a large surface area of the body is affected, patients can develop a high temperature and suffer from heat stress syndrome.
Heat stress results from a loss of water and salt in the body. It can come from excessive sweating without adequate salt and fluid replacement. Heat exhaustion occurs when the body is unable to cool itself properly and, if left untreated, can progress to heat stroke.
Heat stroke is the most serious heat-related illness, according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It occurs when the body can no longer control its temperature: the body’s temperature rises rapidly, unable to cool down and the sweating mechanism fails. Body temperature can rise to 41.1°C or higher within 10 to 15 minutes. Heat stroke can cause permanent disability or death if the person doesn’t receive emergency treatment.
References
nhs.uk/conditions/heat-rash-prickly-heat/
healthdirect.gov.au/heat-rash#:~:text=Heat%20rash%20%E2%80%94%20sometimes%20called%20prickly,the%20knees%2C%20and%20the%20waist.
health.harvard.edu/blog/heat-rash-how-to-spot-it-and-what-to-do-202308182968
raisingchildren.net.au/guides/a-z-health-reference/heat-rash
By Tracey Cheung.
First published in Retail Pharmacy November
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Consumers spent $35.9 billion across the country in May, according to figures released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). Australian retail turnover rose 0.6%,... | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Mild Urinary Incontinence
Mild Urinary Incontinence
Urinary Incontinence is a fairly common issue, with a large number of people across the world suffering from the condition in varying degrees. While urinary incontinence may not always disrupt your lifestyle, it may cause embarrassment in untimely situations, making many patients seek medical intervention. There are various urinary leakage treatments in NIBM Pune which the doctor conducts based on your diagnosis.
What is Mild Urinary Incontinence?
Urinary Incontinence occurs when a person loses control over the urinary sphincter, causing involuntary leakage, often in untimely moments. This typically occurs while laughing, sneezing or coughing, and on many occasions may happen in public. Mild Urinary Incontinence is said to be more common in women, especially after major life events such as childbirth, menopause, etc.
What are the causes of Mild Urinary Incontinence?
There are a number causes for Mild Urinary Incontinence, depending on each person’s lifestyle and health:
• Foods and medication
• Pregnancy
• Childbirth
• Age
• Hysterectomy
Certain food and medication such as Vitamin C, sugary drinks, carbonated water, alcohol, caffeine, etc. cause large volumes to urine to be generated, and in excess amounts, even Mild Urinary Incontinence.
What are the symptoms of Mild Urinary Incontinence?
Some Mild Urinary Incontinence symptoms include:
• Leakage when sneezing, laughing, coughing, doing strenuous activity or lifting something heavy
• Inability to completely empty the bladder, causing frequent dribbling of urine
• The need to urinate more frequently than normal, even throughout the night
• Not making it to the toilet in time, due to a physical or mental impairment
How is Mild Urinary Incontinence diagnosed?
The doctor conducts various tests for an accurate Mild Urinary Incontinence diagnosis:
Bladder diary
A record of your liquid intake and urine cycle is kept for a few days and subsequently analyzed by the doctor.
Urinalysis:
Your urine is tested for various infections or abnormalities.
What are Female Urinary Incontinence treatments in Pune?
Based on your diagnosis, the doctor may choose to administer one or more of the following bladder incontinence treatments:
Counseling
Certain exercises and behavioral techniques are conducted to tighten and help you regain control over the urinary Sphincter muscles.
Medication
Oral or topical medications are used to calm an overactive bladder, or relax it and make it easy to empty the bladder completely.
Why choose Heal and Care Clinic for Urinary Incontinence Treatment?
Heal and Care Clinic is the leading healthcare center for a large number of patients suffering from Mild Urinary Incontinence. With an in-depth diagnosis and world-class treatments, our experts ensure safe, effective procedures that efficiently resolve bladder incontinence and increase the quality of life of patients. Dr. Manisha Patil is among the leading specialists for Urinary Incontinence treatment in NIBM Pune, with a wealth of experience to guide her in conducting world-class counseling and therapy sessions in our state-of-the-art clinic. Get in touch with our healthcare team for an appointment, today.
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ANALYSIS-Airbus's landmark jet output cut faces crucial test
By Tim Hepher and Johanna Decorse
PARIS, April 9 (Reuters) - Airbus's AIR.PA decision to cut output of its best-selling jet by a third amid coronavirus marks a huge shift for the European planemaker, which has enjoyed virtually unbroken growth since it began competing toe-to-toe with Boeing BA.N almost 20 years ago.
The company's first significant cut in A320-family output, to 40 jets a month, brings production to the lowest level since 2012 and will be implemented in May or June, unions said.
Airbus shares, which have fallen around 50% this year due to the crisis, wobbled on Thursday but ended up 2% as several analysts said the company had acted swiftly to reset output.
But with all but a handful of airlines shunning deliveries as they hoard cash to survive the crisis, several industry officials and economists suggested the rate may be optimistic.
"We have too many planes," said Avitas senior vice-president Adam Pilarski, who has long warned of a jet market bubble - though nothing on the scale of the meltdown in air travel seen since quarantines rippled across the globe last month.
Airlines are warning of $252 billion in lost revenues and 38% lower traffic, many times higher than past corrections.
With Boeing's competing 737 MAX still grounded after more than a year of safety reviews following two accidents, Airbus signalled on Wednesday that it was ready to act again if needed.
"It is a first step," said Rob Morris, chief consultant at UK-based Ascend by Cirium, adding more reductions could be needed because of a large potential jet surplus.
That contrasts with 2001 when Boeing cut output sharply after 9/11 attacks, while Airbus - reluctant then as now to cut output due to rigid European labour laws - spotted an opening with upstart budget carriers and went on a selling spree.
One such carrier, easyJet EZJ.L, is now one of Airbus's top customers and says it is deferring deliveries.
On Wednesday, Airbus was forced by the scale of the crisis to act as Boeing's 737 MAX remained grounded for safety reasons - having also played an unplanned role in curtailing supply that one source likened to a "spent shock-absorber".
Airbus "will have to share the (market) pain with Boeing," Agency Partners analyst Sash Tusa said in a recent note.
AIRCRAFT RETIREMENTS
To defend its new output rate, experts said Airbus appeared to be banking on a sharp increase in retirements of older jets, echoing moves seen after 9/11 and the 2008 financial crisis.
Airlines have an incentive in bad times to idle jets early to avoid costly scheduled repair visits. But low oil prices like those seen today tend to push airlines in the other direction.
According to Ascend by Cirium, the new Airbus target assumes every plane delivered this year will replace an older one being taken out of service. That suggests borrowing some demand from future years when some of those jets were due to be retired.
Other tools used in past crises include pressure on leasing companies to take delivery. They place large speculative orders for good prices and are expected to pull their weight in a downturn - but they too are reeling as airlines hand back jets.
Even so, market sources said, Airbus will need to make use of its relatively strong balance sheet to spur deliveries by providing finance to airlines or offering advances or discounts.
Unlike in past downturns, the industry is currently facing a fundamental drop in demand everywhere, meaning there is little room for error if Airbus's output calculations go awry.
"Right now it looks like a tug of war between Airbus and airlines to see who should store some of those planes," an aircraft finance veteran said, asking not to be named.
(Reporting by Tim Hepher and Johanna Decorse; Additional reporting by Laurence Frost; Editing by Susan Fenton)
((tim.hepher@thomsonreuters.com; +33 1 49 49 54 52; Reuters Messaging: tim.hepher.thomsonreuters@reuters.net))
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
The Impact Of Muscle Strength And Flexibility On The Risk Of A Sprained Foot
Welcome to an insightful article on the correlation between muscle strength, flexibility, and the risk of spraining your foot. Understanding how your body’s ability to withstand pressure and sudden movements can significantly reduce the chances of getting injured is key. By prioritizing exercises that improve muscle strength and flexibility, you can enhance your overall stability and lower the risk of experiencing a painful sprained foot. Let’s delve into how these factors play a vital role in keeping you safe and active. Have you ever wondered how muscle strength and flexibility can affect the risk of spraining your foot? Let’s dive into the relationship between these factors and the likelihood of experiencing a sprained foot.
Understanding Muscle Strength and Flexibility
Muscle strength and flexibility play a crucial role in supporting the structure and function of your feet. When your muscles are strong and flexible, they can better absorb the impact of physical activities and provide stability to your feet. On the other hand, weak muscles or limited flexibility can increase the likelihood of injuries, such as a sprained foot.
The Importance of Muscle Strength
Strong muscles in your feet, ankles, and lower legs help to support your body weight, absorb shock, and maintain balance during various movements. Building muscle strength through exercises like calf raises, toe curls, and ankle rotations can help protect your feet from injuries like sprains. Additionally, strong muscles can improve your overall mobility and reduce the strain on your joints and ligaments.
The Role of Flexibility
Flexibility refers to the range of motion in your muscles and joints, which is essential for proper foot function. Limited flexibility can restrict your movements and increase the risk of overstretching or straining your muscles, leading to injuries like sprains. Stretching exercises like calf stretches, toe touches, and ankle circles can help improve flexibility and prevent foot injuries.
The Impact Of Muscle Strength And Flexibility On The Risk Of A Sprained Foot
Factors That Can Affect Muscle Strength and Flexibility
Several factors can influence your muscle strength and flexibility, impacting your risk of experiencing a sprained foot. Understanding these factors can help you take proactive steps to maintain strong and flexible muscles in your feet and lower legs.
Age
As you age, your muscle strength and flexibility naturally decline, making you more susceptible to injuries like sprains. Older adults may need to engage in regular strength and flexibility exercises to maintain the health and function of their muscles. It’s never too late to start incorporating these exercises into your routine to protect your feet and lower legs.
Physical Activity Level
Your level of physical activity can significantly impact the strength and flexibility of your muscles. Regular exercise, especially activities that target the muscles in your feet and lower legs, can help improve muscle strength and flexibility, reducing the risk of a sprained foot. On the other hand, a sedentary lifestyle can weaken your muscles and increase the likelihood of injuries.
Previous Injuries
If you have a history of foot or ankle injuries, you may have residual weaknesses or limitations in muscle strength and flexibility. These factors can predispose you to future injuries, including sprains. It’s essential to address any lingering issues from past injuries through targeted rehabilitation exercises and proper footwear to prevent recurrent sprains.
The Impact Of Muscle Strength And Flexibility On The Risk Of A Sprained Foot
The Impact Of Muscle Strength and Flexibility On Foot Mechanics
The relationship between muscle strength, flexibility, and foot mechanics is intricate and can significantly influence the risk of a sprained foot. Understanding how these factors interact can help you make informed decisions about your foot health and injury prevention strategies.
Muscle Imbalances
Muscle imbalances in your feet, ankles, and lower legs can disrupt the normal biomechanics of your gait and lead to a higher risk of injuries like sprains. For example, weak muscles on one side of your foot or ankle can cause instability during movement, increasing the strain on your ligaments and tendons. Strengthening exercises that target specific muscle groups can help correct imbalances and improve foot mechanics.
Pronation and Supination
Pronation and supination are natural movements of the foot that help with shock absorption and propulsion during walking or running. However, excessive pronation (inward rolling of the foot) or supination (outward rolling of the foot) can contribute to muscle fatigue and strain, increasing the likelihood of a sprained foot. Strengthening exercises for the muscles that control pronation and supination can help stabilize your foot mechanics and reduce the risk of injuries.
Arch Support
The arches of your feet act as natural shock absorbers and distribute your body weight evenly during movement. Weak arch muscles or flat feet can result in improper weight distribution, leading to foot instability and an increased risk of sprains. Supporting your arches with proper footwear, orthotic inserts, or arch-strengthening exercises can help maintain optimal foot mechanics and prevent injuries.
The Impact Of Muscle Strength And Flexibility On The Risk Of A Sprained Foot
Preventative Strategies To Reduce The Risk Of A Sprained Foot
Now that you understand the importance of muscle strength and flexibility in preventing a sprained foot, let’s explore some practical strategies you can implement to reduce your risk of injury and maintain healthy feet.
Wear Proper Footwear
Choosing the right footwear is crucial for supporting your foot structure and function during various activities. Look for shoes that provide adequate cushioning, arch support, and stability to reduce the impact on your feet and lower legs. Additionally, consider inserts or orthotics if you have specific foot issues that require extra support.
Warm Up and Cool Down
Before engaging in physical activities or exercise, it’s essential to warm up your muscles and prepare them for movement. Dynamic stretching exercises can help increase blood flow and flexibility, reducing the risk of strains and sprains. After your workout, remember to cool down with static stretches to promote muscle recovery and prevent stiffness.
Incorporate Strength and Flexibility Exercises
Regularly incorporating strength and flexibility exercises into your routine can help maintain the health and function of your muscles and reduce the risk of a sprained foot. Focus on exercises that target the muscles in your feet, ankles, and lower legs, such as calf raises, heel drops, toe curls, and ankle rotations. Yoga, Pilates, or resistance training can also improve muscle strength and flexibility.
Maintain a Healthy Weight
Excess body weight can put extra strain on your feet and lower legs, increasing the risk of injuries like sprains. Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise can reduce the pressure on your joints and muscles, promoting better foot health. Consult with a healthcare professional to establish a weight management plan that suits your individual needs.
Listen to Your Body
Pay attention to any signs of discomfort, pain, or fatigue in your feet and lower legs, as these may indicate potential issues with muscle strength or flexibility. Avoid pushing through pain during physical activities and rest when necessary to prevent overuse injuries. If you experience persistent foot problems, seek guidance from a podiatrist or physical therapist for a personalized treatment plan.
The Impact Of Muscle Strength And Flexibility On The Risk Of A Sprained Foot
Conclusion
In summary, the impact of muscle strength and flexibility on the risk of a sprained foot is significant and underscores the importance of maintaining healthy feet through targeted exercises and preventative strategies. By understanding how muscle imbalances, foot mechanics, and lifestyle factors can influence your risk of injury, you can take proactive steps to protect your feet and lower legs. Remember to prioritize strength and flexibility in your fitness routine, choose appropriate footwear, and listen to your body to promote long-term foot health and reduce the likelihood of experiencing a sprained foot. Your feet carry you through life, so it’s essential to give them the care and attention they deserve.
The Impact Of Muscle Strength And Flexibility On The Risk Of A Sprained Foot | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 20.djvu/471
Rh SKELETON.] REPTILES 453 broad, more or less cartilaginous, or variously ossified median portion. THE APPENDICTTLAR SKELETON. The appendicular skeleton of Reptiles, like that of Vertebrates generally, FIG. 20. Lateral aspect of skull of Clielys matamata (from nature), an, angular ; ar, articular; bo, basioccipital ; d, dentary; ep, epiotic ; m, maxilla; pa, parietal ; pin, premaxilla ; pi; prefrontal ; ps, postfrontal ; ft, pterygoid ; q, quadrate ; s, squamosal ; sg, surangular. consists of a pair of limb girdles (pectoral and pelvic), with a pair of skeletal appendages proceeding from either girdle. Each such skeletal appendage has also, normally, the typical differentiation into (1) a single upper limb bone, (2) a pair of lower limb bones, (3) a group of small foot-root bones or cartilages (carpus or tarsus), (4) a series of middle foot bones (metacarpus or metatarsus), and (5) pm mdl Fio. 21. Ventral aspect of skull of Clielys matamata (from nature), bo, basioccipital ; bs, basisphenoid ; mdl, mandible; oh, opisthotic ; pi, palatine; pm, premaxilla ; po, prootic ; pt, pterygoid ; q, quadrate ; s, squamosal. a group of small bones (phalanges) arranged in series according to the number of digits, but the number in each digit varying in different digits and in different groups of Reptiles. Every trace of an appendicular skeleton may, however, be wanting, as is the case in most Ophidians. There may be a pectoral limb girdle without any rudi- ment of a fore-limb skeleton, as in Anguis, Acontias, and Amphisbsena. There may be a pelvic girdle without any rudiment of a hind-limb skeleton, as in at least some, if not all, Typhlopidx,. Very rarely there may be both rudimentary pectoral and pelvic girdles without any trace of limb skeleton, as in Amphisbxna. Thus, of the two categories, (1) limb girdles, and (2) girdle appendages or limbs, the former is the more constant, as we never find rudimentary extremities and limbs without any trace of a girdle, while the contrary we do find here and there. 1 The Limb Girdles. Each girdle consists of two lateral halves, and each such lateral half further consists of two 1 This is interesting because it is probable that genetically the limb i ; prior, to the limb giivlle, which v.'as an ingrowth from the former. See Trans. '/, 1. Soc., 1879, vol. x. p. 439. divisions which diverge from the articular surface offered to the limb by such lateral half. From that articular surface one division descends dorsally and does not con- nect itself with its fellow of the opposite side. The other ventral division passes inwards and somewhat downwards and normally does connect itself, directly or indirectly, with its fellow of the opposite side. The dorsal ascending division is generally single, and consists of two parts in serial succession. The ventral division consists normally of two or more parts, which, though diverging, pass ven- trally side by side, or one in front of the other. Each girdle normally connects itself with the axial skeleton either towards the dorsal or ventral aspect of the latter. The Pectoral Girdle. This girdle only becomes con- Pector nected (except in Chelonians) with the ventral part of the g irdle - appendicular skeleton, to wit, where it abuts against either side of the sternum. In its most complex condition that found in some Saurians, e.g., Iguana the dorsal division consists of a scapula (with a forwardly extending FIG. 22. Sternum and shoulder girdle of AmUyrhynchus tubcristatus (after Stein, dachner). cl, clavicle; co, coracoid ; h, humerus; ic, intcrclavicle ; me, meso- coracoid ; ms, mesoscapula; pc, prccoracoid; s, scapula; tt, sternum. process the mesoscapular), and is continued upwards into a suprascapular ; while the ventral division consists of a coracoid, which abuts against the sternum, and from which ^ three parts (the precoracoid, o t the epicoracoid, and the meso- FlG 2 3.-Rudiments of pectoral arch- COraCoid ) diverge forwards I, of Acontias meJeagns ; 2, of Typhlo- ,, , . ,. saurtis aurantiaeus(aiterliiibinger). and inwards, and also of a clavicle, between which and its fellow of the opposite side an interclavicle is interposed. This girdle normally in Reptiles, as in all other Vertebrates, embraces more or less of the axial skeleton externally ; only in adult Chelonians it becomes drawn in within the circuit of the ribs. In the Ophidia, as has been said, there is no pectoral girdle. In certain Sauria it is in its simplest possible form, as, e.g., in Acontias and Typhlosaurus, where each lateral half consists of a minute ossification representing the clavicle and coracoid, which is not connected with its fellow of the opposite side by any hard structure, as both sternum and interclavicle are wanting. It is also quite rudimentary in Amphisbxna, but it is fairly developed in Chirotes. Its most complex condition in Saurians has been already described. The Chamscleons have a simple girdle consist- ing of a long and narrow scapula with suprascapula and a' long and narrow coracoid, the anterior part of which | WIKI |
Koepka takes Byron Nelson lead, Spieth two back
(Reuters) - Brooks Koepka was exasperated with his ball striking but made three birdies on the back nine to charge past hometown favorite Jordan Spieth and into a two-shot lead after the AT&T Byron Nelson third round in Texas on Saturday. Seeking a second PGA Tour win, Koepka posted a five-under-par 65 for a 16-under total at the TPC Four Seasons Resort in Irving, while fellow American Spieth closed with bogeys at 14 and 18 for a 67 to drop back into second place. “I putted well today and that’s about all I can say,” the 26-year-old Koepka told reporters. “That was about the worst ball-striking performance I’ve had as a professional. It was embarrassing after the first nine holes, but I kept it together. “It wasn’t just off the tee — it was wedges, irons, everything but the putter. I hope to get things straightened out for tomorrow. But I’m proud of the way I hung in there.” Koepka and Spieth began the third round in a four-way tie for second with Spaniard Sergio Garcia and American Bud Cauley, one stroke behind overnight leader Ben Crane. Koepka, however, failed to make an early move as he traded two birdies with two bogeys and two pars in his first six holes. Spieth, meanwhile, was also frustrated with his play but he scrambled superbly and jumped out in front with four birdies in his first 11 holes. One stroke clear, the U.S. Open champion found water with an errant tee shot at the par-four 14th, resulting in his first bogey of the day and a two-shot swing there as Koepka drained a 20-foot birdie putt. “It was the same for me as the first two days, except even worse ball-striking and I putted better,” said world number two Spieth. “Some of those up and downs were kind of ridiculous. It surprised even me and I practise those shots. I was in some tough spots. “It was a very stressful round of golf to play because I really don’t have confidence with the ball right now. It was frustrating and actually pretty incredible to be in this tournament right now.” Americans Matt Kuchar (65) and Cauley (68), and Spaniard Garcia (68), were tied for third at 13-under while American Crane struggled to a 72 to fall six strokes off the pace. Reporting by Tim Wharnsby in Toronto; Editing by Mark Lamport-Stokes | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Talk:Bonnethead
unrelated
this is a great article —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:48, 21 August 2008 (UTC)
I believe that the picture of this article could be better as it does not give a very good picture of the most charactestic thing i.e. the head-shape —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:00, 23 March 2011 (UTC)
Thanks for the article, any chance of inserting pics of male & female to illustrate the unusual sexual dimorphism if obtainable? (The 'plan view' photo included is pretty good by the way, maybe this could be identified as a male or female?) — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:18, 6 November 2012 (UTC)
Cerebrospinal Fluid
I find that this article has an issue with citation in general, but I sadly don't know enough about sharks/shark resources to add anything beneficial. I do want to make at least a temporary adjustment to the statement about cerebrospinal fluid. Firstly, the combination of the words "special fluid" and cerebrospinal fluid being in quotations gives the impression that CSF is unique to these sharks... it is not. As far as I know, most vertebrates' brains float in the stuff, including humans. What seems to be unique is the type (that is, "CI-excess"). However, a very limited google search for "CI-excess" turned up a connection to bonnethead sharks -- on the 6th page of search results. I'm not saying the info is bad (at least one bonnethead shark website says "little is known about the cerebrospinal fluid", which is likely why it is so seemingly difficult to verify easily); but it does disturb me that a solid chunk of the results I found use the exact same wording as this Wikipedia article, and several of them seem to link to each other (and back to Wikipedia). Those that aren't word for word copies of this article rarely seem to use the term "CI-excess". For now, I'm removing the reference to CI-excess until it can be vetted by someone who both knows more than I (not hard), and actually has the references to back it up (somewhat harder). <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:36, 21 March 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
Types of (IVF) In Vitro Fertilization
What is In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)?
Modern reproductive technology used to treat infertility has provided many infertile couples with in vitro fertilization, where the conception process takes place outside the woman’s body in a test tube.
Usually, one or two embryos are relocated into the uterus of a woman and the future’s remaining use. In Vitro Fertilization was originally used to treat women with obstructed or blocked fallopian tubes. Today this technique is used to manage or treat many serious infertility problems, including the male factor.
The IVF cycle includes the following stages: stimulation of ovarian function, vaginal puncture of the ovaries to collect eggs, fertilization, embryo culture, and transfer of embryos to the uterine cavity. We will describe all these stages in more detail in the following subsections.
What are the IVF protocols (types of in vitro fertilization)?
Distinguish between stimulated IVF and natural IVF. The two main variants of the IVF stimulation protocol are the short protocol and the long protocol. Also, there are Japan’s IVF agreement, freezing agreement, and natural circulation agreement. So, in other words, there are different types of in vitro fertilization.
Types of in vitro fertilization
Long IVF protocol
This type of IVF is a preparation stage; in this stage, the expert prepares a woman to become pregnant and then transfers the embryo into the uterine cavity. The length agreement needs to go through the following training cycle:
• Drug stimulation of the ovaries;
• Follicular puncture;
• Embryo Transfer;
• Hormone replacement therapy can maintain the important functions of the embryo;
• The final pregnancy test.
With this type of artificial insemination, the female body’s hormone background is completely under the control of the specialist. The maximum number of eggs obtained by ovarian stimulation is 20. This method is considered the most effective.
In this case, a long agreement will be assigned:
• Overweight woman.
• Uterine fibroids.
• Endometriosis
There are a technique and its shortcomings. The main danger is the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation. Excessive stimulation can cause serious problems and complications. The advantages of the long protocol include the ability to control endometrial growth and follicular maturation completely.
Short IVF protocol
A brief experiment is carried out on the third day of the menstrual cycle, starting with ovarian stimulation. The difference between it and the long-type IVF is that there is no egg fertilization period. Therefore, the mature amount of the egg is much smaller, and the egg becomes weaker.
This method is mainly used for older women. The duration is four weeks, characterized by the absence of the risk of ovarian overstimulation, which is considered a major advantage. Women do not need to take many powerful hormone drugs, so serious complications are also ruled out. The disadvantage is that a small number of eggs mature; also, ovulation cannot be controlled by professionals; it can happen spontaneously.
Gentle IVF program in the natural cycle
When choosing this type of artificial insemination, avoid using hormone drugs to stimulate ovulation. Follicle maturation occurs naturally.
Start Your Journey Toward Parenthood | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Chennur Assembly constituency
Chennur Assembly Constituency is a constituency of Telangana Legislative Assembly, India. Initially it was two member Constituency till 1962, later it was Created as Single Member Constituency in the year 1962. It is one of three constituencies in Mancherial district. Chennur is located in south of the Mancherial district. It comes under Peddapally Lok Sabha constituency.
Gaddam Vivek Venkatswamy of Indian National Congress is currently representing the constituency.
Mandals
The Assembly Constituency presently comprises the following Mandals:
Members of the Legislative Assembly
Members of Legislative Assembly who represented Chennur | WIKI |
Talk:List of vessels built at Crichton-Vulcan and Wärtsilä Turku shipyards
Proposal to expand and modify the list
First of all, thank you for starting this colossal work that has been on my list of things that should be done for a while. However, I propose that we turn the list into something like what I did for List of ships built at Hietalahti shipyard: include all former and current names, IMO number (perhaps with the template so that provides a link to MarineTraffic), ship status, photograph (if available) and notes about the ship's career. Furthemore, we should probably include the ships that are in the same "lineage": after all, Meyer Turku uses the same yard number series, so we don't have to stop to Wärtsilä's bankruptcy. Do we know which ships were delivered from Aurajoki and which ships from Perno? That could be a natural "split" for the list (and help with the naming - List of ships built at Perno shipyard and List of ships built at Aurajoki shipyard, or whatever is the official English name of the old Crichton-Vulcan site), though we may have to split it further so that the table doesn't become too long (I chose 200 ships per page on the Hietalahti list).
I can start the work as a draft in my own namespace. I don't see it becoming ready anytime soon as I need to dig quite deep into databases etc. to get all the data.
What do you think?
Tupsumato (talk) 07:20, 12 April 2018 (UTC)
* It is not easy to split the list between the shipyards. The first hull assembled at Perno yard was NB 1229 Gas Rising Sun. The bow and stern sections were produced at Turku yard (Crichton-Vulcan). I don't know the launching date, but it was presumably in late 1976 or 1977. The hull was tugged to Turku yard for outfitting and handed over in September 1978, one year late from schedule. The following vessels were outfitted at Turku yard between April 1976 to January 1978: NB1220, NB1222 and NB1223; hulls for NB1238–1241 were subcontracted from Navire Luonnonmaa yard between 17 December 1975 to 13 August 1977 and also these ones were finished at Turku yard. Hulls of NB1247 Viking Saga, NB1248 Viking Song, NB1251 Finlandia and NB1252 Silvia Regina were built at Perno yard; the two first ones were outfitted at Turku yard but I don't know about the two latter ones; Perno yard reached the full production ability in 1979, after which the vessels could be built there from start to finish. In the meantime, Turku yard produced modules which were transported to Perno, but also hulls for NB1242–1245. The outfitting work was presumably done in Turku as well. The last hull produced at Turku yard was NB1249 Rosella, launched on 14 August 1979 and handed over on 25 April 1980. In the same year the outfitting department was decided to be moved entirely to Perno; this took place in autumn 1982. Turku yard focused on ship repair thereafter. Engineering and Sales Departments left the White House for Perno in 1986; the last department to move was Outfitting Engineering in August 1988.
* Crichton-Vulcan is probably the most distinguishing name for the old yard. It was renamed to Wärtsilä Turku Shipyard in 1965. When the new shipyard was built, the organisation was renamed Wärtsilä Turku Shipyards. Colloquially the different premises were known as Turku yard and Perno yard. When Wärtsilä Marine was established in 1987, the organisation in Turku was renamed Wärtsilä Marine Turku Shipyard. The namechange created of course confusion. The new yard was still called Perno yard and the old yard was known as repair yard, Vulcan, river-bank yard etc.
* If the list shall be split, I suggest dividing it according to the organisations which have handed the ships over:
* Ab Crichton-Vulcan Oy (NB701–745)
* Wärtsilä Group Crichton-Vulcan (NB746–1131)
* Wärtsilä Turku Shipyard (NB1132–1208)
* Wärtsilä Turku Shipyards (NB1209–1291)
* Wärtsilä Marine Turku Shipyard (NB1292–1297; NB1302–1308; NB1310; NB1311).
* Regarding further information and photos of the ships, I would keep it minimal. Even with just 200 vessels the lists are exhaustive to scroll especially when the screen is small. It is the best if each ship has got just one row of text, in special cases two rows. If pictures and information shall be added, in my opinion they should be in hidden fields which can be clicked open; the list would be easy to browse and give a better overview.
* --Gwafton (talk) 17:55, 13 April 2018 (UTC)
* The reason why I want to make the list more "informative" is that for many ships it would be the only place where e.g. former names, years in service, IMO number etc. would be presented — most are not notable enough to warrant a dedicated article. Hiding some of the more complex fields is a good idea, as well as the split between different companies instead of locations. I'm sure someone from WP:SHIPS can help with the technical side.
* I'll work in my own namespace with a draft and we can see if it's worth including in the "live" version. Even if we decide to maintain the current format, I "need" an up-to-date reference of all ships with "Turku yard numbers", similar to the one I've created about Hietalahti.
* Tupsumato (talk) 17:06, 14 April 2018 (UTC)
* I agree, it would be nice to include some data about such ships which are not worth of an own article. I'm looking forward seeing your draft. Let me know if you need additional information from the sources I have used for making the list. --Gwafton (talk) 11:54, 15 April 2018 (UTC) | WIKI |
User:Minmarion/sandbox
Pink (ピンク) is a 1989 Japanese manga by Kyoko Okazaki. Originally published by Magazine House, the manga follows the life of Yumiko, who works as both a call girl and an office lady. The story explores her relationships and how they are shaped by the social and economic climate of Tokyo in the 1980s. Pink is considered to be one of the first josei manga, a subset of manga aimed at adult women.
Pink was developed and published at the height of the Japanese asset price bubble, a period characterized by heavy consumerism and unchecked optimism. This sudden boom in the economy fueled a surge in disposable income, leading to a desire for luxury goods. Set against a backdrop of materialism, Pink explores themes of youthful rebellion, and critiques the excessive pursuit of extravagance.
Pink was well received by both critics and audiences alike for its social commentary and realistic portrayal of Tokyo in the 1980s. Considered Okazaki's breakthrough work, Pink significantly influenced both josei and shojo (targeted towards teenage girls) manga genres''. Pink'' was re-released in Japan on July 29, 2010, with a new cover. An English translation published by Vertical Inc was released on November 15, 2013.
Synopsis
The story starts with Yumiko working at a love hotel. Afterwards Keiko, Yumiko's stepsister, reveals that her mother is having an affair with a younger man named Haruo. Through a chance encounter, Yumiko develops feelings for Haruo herself and learns of his struggles as a novelist. Despite their unconventional dynamic, their bond strengthens. Eventually, due to a flooding at her apartment, Yumiko moves in with Haruo.
Together, Yumiko, Haruo, Keiko, and Yumiko's pet crocodile Croc slowly start to resemble a family. Haruo overcomes his writers block by cutting and pasting passages from other stories to create his own novel. Their newfound life together takes a turn when Yumiko's stepmother, enraged by their relationship, steals Croc and turns him into a leather suitcase. This plunges Yumiko into a deep depression. Meanwhile, Haruo wins a writing competition for his novel. He plans to use the money from the competition to move with Yumiko to a tropical island.
Before they can leave, Haruo is involved in a fatal car accident while returning home from an interview. The story concludes with an image of the Yumiko forever marked by the loss of her lover and pet, waiting in vain for the fulfillment of her dream life.
Characters
* Yumiko (ゆみこ)
* A twenty-two year old office lady, nicknamed Yumi (ユミ) who moonlights as a call girl in order to buy food for her pet crocodile. Due to her strained relationship with her stepmother, she lives in an apartment alone. She harbors romantic feelings for Haruo.
* Haruo Yoshino (よしの はるお)
* Yumiko's love interest. Haruo is a struggling novelist and sugar baby of Yumiko's step-mother. Haruo reciprocates Yumiko's romantic feelings and the two end up living together.
* Yumiko's step-mother (ゆみこ の けいぼ)
* Yumiko's unnamed stepmother. She has a strained relationship with Yumiko due to Yumiko's belief that she married her father for his money. Conceited and vain, she started a relationship with Haruo in order to be feed into her desires.
* Keiko (ケイコ)
* Yumiko's step-sister. She is frequently with Yumiko despite her mothers disaproval.
* Croc (ワニ)
* Yumiko's pet crocodile. Croc is domesticated and docile but is characterized by its voracious hunger. | WIKI |
-- Harmony Gold CEO Extends Term by Four Years, Smith Gets Post
Harmony Gold Mining Co. (HAR) , Africa’s
third-largest producer of the metal, announced Chief Executive
Officer Graham Briggs will keep his job for another four years. Briggs, 59, would have retired within the next year under
the company’s normal policy, Johannesburg-based Harmony said in
a statement today. It also named Tom Smith as chief operating
officer for South Africa . He was COO of the south region. Briggs, CEO since 2008, continued predecessor Bernard Swanepoel’s efforts to close less-profitable shafts in South
Africa and expand abroad. Harmony has gained 7 percent since the
start of 2008 in Johannesburg, compared with a 1.9 percent drop
in the five-member FTSE/JSE Africa Gold Mining Index. The CEO “is doing outstanding work in Papua New Guinea ,”
Chairman Patrice Motsepe said in the statement. To contact the reporter on this story:
Carli Cooke in Johannesburg at
clourens@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
John Viljoen at
jviljoen@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Understanding Traditional Water Line Replacement
Before delving into the advancements in water line replacement techniques, it is crucial to understand the traditional methods that have been used for years. The most common technique was ‘open trench’ or ‘trench and replace,’ where a significant portion of land would be excavated to expose the damaged water line. This method, while effective for the repair or replacement of the waterline, resulted in considerable disruptions to landscapes, traffic, and daily life around the construction site.
Trenchless Technology: The Game Changer
Trenchless technology has revolutionized water line replacement by minimizing the need for extensive excavation. This innovative approach allows for the repair or replacement of water lines with little to no digging, which significantly reduces the environmental impact, cost, and time required to complete the job. Techniques such as pipe lining, pipe bursting, and horizontal directional drilling (HDD) are part of the trenchless technology family.
Pipe Lining: Also known as Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP), this method involves inserting a flexible, resin-coated tube into the damaged pipe. The resin hardens to create a ‘pipe within a pipe,’ restoring the integrity of the old line without the need to remove it.
Pipe Bursting: As the name suggests, pipe bursting involves breaking apart the old pipe while simultaneously pulling a new pipe into place. This method is highly efficient for replacing pipes that cannot be salvaged through lining.
Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD): HDD is a steerable, trenchless method of installing underground pipes and conduits with minimal impact on the surrounding area. It is particularly useful for water line replacements under rivers, buildings, and existing structures.
Innovations in Detection and Diagnostic Tools
One of the critical components of modern water line replacement is the ability to accurately detect and diagnose issues within the pipeline. Advanced detection and diagnostic tools such as ground-penetrating radar (GPR), acoustic emission sensors, and robotic inspection cameras can pinpoint problems without excavation.
Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR): GPR is used to create a virtual map of what lies beneath the surface, helping to locate water lines and identify any anomalies without breaking ground.
Acoustic Emission Sensors: These sensors can detect the sounds of leaks or pipe degradation, enabling repair teams to focus their efforts on problematic areas.
Robotic Inspection Cameras: Sending a camera through the water lines provides real-time visual inspection data, which is invaluable for assessing the pipe’s condition and determining the best course of action.
Eco-friendly Water Line Replacement
As environmental sustainability becomes a priority, water line replacement techniques are also evolving to become greener. New materials and methods are being employed to reduce the carbon footprint and ensure that replacements last longer with minimum environmental disturbance.
Sustainable Materials: The use of more durable and corrosion-resistant materials extends the lifespan of water lines and decreases the frequency of replacements.
Minimized Disturbance: Techniques that cause less disruption to the surrounding soil and ecosystems are increasingly favored in water line replacement projects, with the understanding that soil integrity is vital to environmental health.
The Future of Water Line Replacement
The future of water line replacement is promising, with continual innovations aimed at making the process faster, less intrusive, and more cost-effective. Research into new materials and technologies, coupled with the ever-growing sophistication of trenchless methods, promises a revolution in how we maintain and replace our essential water infrastructure.
Investments in smart infrastructure, predictive maintenance using artificial intelligence, and the rollout of advanced sensor networks are expected to further enhance the efficiency of water line replacements. These advances help utilities and municipalities proactively address issues before they lead to major disruptions, ensuring that access to clean water remains uninterrupted.
As we move forward, the goal is not just to replace water lines as needed but to do so in a way that aligns with the principles of sustainability and innovation, to serve both the present and future generations with minimal impact on the planet. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Mechanics: Vectors and Projectiles
Vectors and Projectiles: Audio Guided Solution
Problem 3:
The takeoff speed of a military aircraft from an aircraft carrier is approximately 170 mi/hr relative to the air. They acquire this speed through a combination of a catapult system present on the aircraft carrier and the aircraft's jet propulsion system. A common strategy is to head the carrier and the plane into the wind. If a plane is taking off from an aircraft carrier which is moving at 40 mi/hr into a 20 mi/hr headwind, then what speed relative to the deck of the aircraft carrier must it obtain to takeoff?
Audio Guided Solution
Habits of an Effective Problem Solver
• Read the problem carefully and develop a mental picture of the physical situation. If necessary, sketch a simple diagram of the physical situation to help you visualize it.
• Identify the known and unknown quantities in an organized manner. Equate given values to the symbols used to represent the corresponding quantity - e.g., vox = 12.4 m/s, voy = 0.0 m/s, dx = 32.7 m, dy = ???.
• Use physics formulas and conceptual reasoning to plot a strategy for solving for the unknown quantity.
• Identify the appropriate formula(s) to use.
• Perform substitutions and algebraic manipulations in order to solve for the unknown quantity.
Read About It!
Get more information on the topic of Vectors and Projectiles at The Physics Classroom Tutorial.
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R Functions Related to Poisson Distributions
To find the Poisson probability of seeing exactly $x$ occurrences of some event within some well-defined interval where the mean number of occurrences in that interval is expected to be $\lambda$, we can use the following R function:
dpois
Usage
dpois(x, lambda = λ)
Example
The probability of seeing exactly $3$ blemishes on a randomly selected piece of sheet metal, when on average one expects 1.2 blemishes, could be calculated with the following:
> dpois(3, lambda = 1.2)
[1] 0.08674393
If one needs to find the probability that $x$ or fewer occurrences are seen when $\lambda$ are expected, one can use the related cumulative probability distribution function:
ppois
Usage
ppois(x, lambda = λ)
Examples
In a call center that gets on average 13 calls every hour, the probability that in a given $15$ minute period they will receive less than $6$ calls can be calculated with the following:
> ppois(5, lambda = 13/4)
[1] 0.8888132
R also has a function that lets you simulate random variables that follow a Poisson distribution:
rpois
Usage
rpois(n, lambda = λ)
Note: unlike the previous functions, here $n$ represents the number of realizations of your random variable you wish to produce.
Examples
Over the course of 15 weeks, every Saturday -- at the same time -- an individual stands by the side of a road and tallies the number of cars going by within a 120-minute window. Simulate a set of observations for this situation under the assumption that the mean number of cars that go by per hour is actually $52$.
> rpois(15, lambda=104)
[1] 96 113 106 104 101 96 96 114 109 91 94 95 108 113 113 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Main Content
ROI Selector
Select a region of interest (ROI) from pixel stream
• Library:
• Vision HDL Toolbox / Utilities
• ROI Selector block
Description
The ROI Selector block selects a portion of the active frame from a video stream. The size of the inactive frame remains the same. The output control signals indicate a new active region of the frame. You can use this block with a single pixel, multipixel, or multipixel-multicomponent pixel stream. This diagram shows the inactive pixel regions in blue and the requested output region outlined in orange.
Specified region of the input frame returned as a pixel stream with pixels outside of the region marked as inactive.
You can specify a fixed size and location for the ROI, or you can select the region location dynamically by using an input port. You can select more than one region. Define each region by specifying its upper-left corner coordinates and dimensions. By default, the block returns one set of pixels and control signals for each region you specify. The block sets the inactive pixels in the output frame to zero.
Regions are independent from each other, so they can overlap. If you specify a region that includes the edge of the active frame, the block returns only the active portion of the region. This diagram shows the output frames for three requested regions. The second output region does not include the inactive area above the image.
Three regions (one partially falling outside of the active frame, and one overlapping another), returned as three pixel streams.
The block also provides a mode for vertical reuse. In this mode, you must specify regions that have no vertical overlap and are aligned in columns. Each column of regions shares one output pixel stream. The control signals define each region in the stream. This arrangement enables parallel processing of each column, and the reuse of downstream processing logic for each region in a column. To use this mode, select the Reuse output ports for vertically aligned regions parameter. Use the visionhdlframetoregions function to divide a frame into tiled regions for vertical reuse.
Eight tiled regions returned as two output pixel streams that each contain four vertically-aligned regions.
Ports
This image shows the additional ports on the block when you configure three regions of interest from input ports.
ROI Selector block with optional ports.
This block uses a streaming pixel interface with a bus for frame control signals. This interface enables the block to operate independently of image size and format. The pixel ports on this block support single pixel streaming or multipixel streaming. Single pixel streaming accepts and returns a single pixel value each clock cycle. Multipixel streaming accepts and returns a vector of M pixels per clock cycle to support high-frame-rate or high-resolution formats. The M value corresponds to the Number of pixels parameter of the Frame To Pixels block. Along with the pixel, the block accepts and returns a pixelcontrol bus that contains five control signals. The control signals indicate the validity of each pixel and their location in the frame. For multipixel streaming, one set of control signals applies to all pixels in the vector. To convert a frame (pixel matrix) into a serial pixel stream and control signals, use the Frame To Pixels block. For a full description of the interface, see Streaming Pixel Interface.
This block also supports multipixel-multicomponent streams, where the pixel input is a matrix of M-by-N values. M is number of pixels and N is number of components. These values correspond to the Number of pixels and Number of components parameters of the Frame To Pixels block.
Input
expand all
For single pixel streams, specify pixel as a scalar or a vector of 1-by-Number of components values. For multipixel streams, specify pixel as a matrix of Number of pixels-by-Number of components pixel intensity values. Number of pixels can be four or eight.
double and single data types are supported for simulation, but not for HDL code generation.
Data Types: uint | int | fixed point | Boolean | double | single
The pixelcontrol bus contains five signals. The signals describe the validity of the pixel and its location in the frame. For more information, see Pixel Control Bus.
For multipixel streaming, each vector of pixel values has one set of control signals. Because the vector has only one valid signal, the pixels in the vector must be either all valid or all invalid. The hStart and vStart signals apply to the pixel with the lowest index in the vector. The hEnd and vEnd signals apply to the pixel with the highest index in the vector.
Data Types: bus
Region of interest, specified as a row vector of four positive integers that define the coordinates of the top-left corner and dimensions of each desired output frame. The vector must have the form [hPos vPos hSize vSize]. The block has R region ports, where R is the Number of regions parameter value.
For multipixel streaming the regions must meet these conditions, where M is Number of pixels.
• mod(hPos, M) = 1 — For example, if your pixel stream has four pixels per cycle, 129 is a valid value of hPos (mod(129,4) = 1), while 128 is invalid (mod(128,4) = 0).
• mod(hSize, M) = 0 — For example, if your pixel stream has four pixels per cycle, 120 is a valid hSize (mod(120,4) = 0), while 118 is invalid (mod(118,4) = 2).
Dependencies
To enable this port, clear the Reuse output ports for vertically aligned regions parameter and set the Regions source parameter to Input port.
Data Types: int | uint
Output
expand all
Output pixel, returned as a single pixel or multipixel stream. The output dimensions and data type match those of the input pixel port. By default, the block has R output pixel ports, where R is the Number of regions parameter, or the number of rows in the Regions parameter matrix.
When you select Reuse output ports for vertically aligned regions, the block has one output pixel port for each column of vertically-aligned regions.
Data Types: uint | int | fixed point | Boolean | double | single
Control signals, returned as a pixelcontrol bus that contains five signals. By default, the block has R output ctrl ports, where R is the Number of regions parameter, or the number of rows in the Regions parameter matrix.
When you select Reuse output ports for vertically aligned regions, the block has one output ctrl port for each column of aligned regions.
Data Types: bus
Parameters
expand all
When you select this parameter, you must specify regions that have no vertical overlap and that are aligned in columns. The block has one output pixel stream for each column of regions. This arrangement enables parallel processing of each column, and the reuse of downstream processing logic for each region in a column. Use the visionhdlframetoregions function to divide a frame into tiled regions for vertical reuse.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the Regions source parameter to Property.
Specify the location of the output region definitions. You can set Regions source to one of these values:
• Property — Specify the regions by using the Regions parameter.
• Input port — Specify the regions by using input ports. Each input port corresponds to one region. The block samples the region input ports when vStart is true in the input control bus.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, clear the Reuse output ports for vertically aligned regions parameter.
Specify rectangular ROIs to select from the input frame as an R-by-4 matrix.
R is the number of regions. The four elements that define each region are the top-left starting coordinates and the dimensions of the region and must be of the form [hPos vPos hSize vSize]. The coordinates count from the upper-left corner of the active frame, defined as [1,1]. hSize must be greater than 1.
For multipixel streaming the regions must meet these conditions, where M is Number of pixels.
• mod(hPos, M) = 1 — For example, if your pixel stream has four pixels per cycle, 129 is a valid value of hPos (mod(129,4) = 1), while 128 is invalid (mod(128,4) = 0).
• mod(hSize, M) = 0 — For example, if your pixel stream has four pixels per cycle, 120 is a valid hSize (mod(120,4) = 0), while 118 is invalid (mod(118,4) = 2).
When you clear the Reuse output ports for vertically aligned regions parameter, the regions can overlap, and R must not be greater than 16.
When you select Reuse output ports for vertically aligned regions, the regions in this matrix must have no vertical overlap and be aligned in columns. This diagram shows two examples of invalid regions outlined with a blue dashed line. The region on the left overlaps another region vertically. The two regions at the bottom do not align with the other regions in their columns. The regions do not have to cover the entire frame. Pixels outside of the tiled regions are marked as inactive pixels. The number of columns must not be greater than 16.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the Regions source parameter to Property.
Specify the number of region input ports as an integer in the range [1, 16].
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the Regions source parameter to Input port.
Algorithms
expand all
The generated HDL code for the ROI Selector block uses two 32-bit counters. The block does not use additional counters for additional regions.
Extended Capabilities
Version History
Introduced in R2016a
expand all | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Megasean30000
Megasean3000 in general
Megasean3000 is a user of many websites such as Fanfiction.net, Deviant Art and many more, who contributes to the websites all his ideas involving the television shows: Xiaolin Showdown or Yu-Gi-Oh.
Websites of Megasean3000
The websites visited by megasean3000 are as follows:
* Youtube.com
* Fanfiction.net
* TV.com
* Livevideo.com
* memegen.net
* Quizilla
* Deviant Art | WIKI |
The researchers used key indicators, such as heart rate and eye temperature when horses were at rest and when they were performing cognitive tasks.
20 horses took part in the study, during which researchers offered two targets. If the horse selected the correct target, they were rewarded with food. Once the horses had learned the task, it was reversed so that the other target was rewarded.
The team found that horses with a lower arousal at rest and during the challenge fared better, and had an increased temperature in the left eye. They suggested that this was due to increased blood flow to the left side of the brain, which is responsible for learning targeted responses and feeding.
Blink rate was also measured as this is known to cause dopamine production, which is known to boost learning in humans, but no correlation was found in horses.
“We regularly expect domesticated horses to learn different and complex behavioural responses as part of their working roles,” said lead researcher Louise Evans, from Nottingham Trent University’s School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences.
She said: “In their day-to-day lives, horses require behavioural flexibility, the ability to adapt to changing environments, such as different riders and handlers. However, we also need horses to have excellent cognitive control so that we can safely rely on them to give consistent responses to important commands such as “slow down” or “stop”.
“This delicate balance between flexibility and control is what makes horses such good teammates. However, when things go wrong there can be dangerous consequences, so it’s vital that we understand how horses learn and can better predict their learning performance.
“This study has really helped aid our understanding to predict how well individual horses learn – and more relaxed horses clearly learn better. It’s important for us to recognise the impact that arousal in the home or training environment can have on horses’ learning.
“What’s also fascinating is that we may have found evidence of left brain hemisphere activity by measuring eye temperature differences during learning.
“This requires further investigation but, if a link can be demonstrated, this means we can for the first time measure hemispheric activity non-invasively and in real-time.” | FINEWEB-EDU |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 87.djvu/1313
A15
BILLS ENACTED INTO PUBLIC LAW
Dates of consideration and passage: Congressional Record, Vol. 119 (1973)
Senate Committee reporting
Report No.
93-420 93-649 93-256 93-626
House
Agriculture and Forestry. District of Columbia Agriculture and Forestry. Public Works
Dec. 20. Nov. 26 Dec. 18. Oct. 15. Dec. 18.
Senate
Oct. 11 Dec. 2 0 - .. June 28_._ Dec. 14, 21 Dec. 1 9...
Presidential statement: Publlic Papers of the Presidents
Nixon: 1973
Nixon: 1974
Nov. 13-15, Dec. 21.
Dec. 20, 21
Jan. 3. Nixon: 1973
93-583
Banking, Housing and Affairs.
Urban
Sept. 5, Dec. 20. Dec. 1, 3, 18, 20. Dec. 20
Dec. 31.
Dec. 19. Nixon: 1974
Nov. 8, Dec. 20. Dec. 11, 13, 21__ Jan. 2. Dec. 17, 20 93-617
Appropriations.
93-628 93-620
Public Works. _ Appropriations-
93-651 93-633 93-630 93-609 93-614
District of Columbia. Commerce Public Works Interior and Insular Affairs. Appropriations
22-150 O - 75 - 83
Nov. 29, 30, Dec. 20. Dec. 3, 21 Dec. 11, 20 Nov. 26 Dec. 4, 20 Dec. 18,21 July 16 Nov. 30, Dec. 19, 20.
Sept. 28, Dec. 19. Dec. 13, 20 Dec. 14, 21 Dec. 17, 20 Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec.
20 18 14, 21 21 12, 21
Jan. 2.
� | WIKI |
Richard Allen - 1760 -1831
Richard Allen, the founder and first Bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church,
was born a slave on February 14, 1760 on the Benjamin Chew estate. Deeply religious from
an early age, Allen was converted at the age of 17. He began preaching in 1780 and was ordained
in 1799.Through thrift and industry,he and his brother worked at night to pay for their freedom.
Despite his lack of formal medical training, Allen was a noted "Bleeder", the equivalent of
our present day surgeons. Dr. Benjamin Rush, a leading physician of the time and one of
the signers of the Declaration of Independence, gave praise to Bishop Allen for his services
during the Black Plague in 1793 which took the lives of thousands of Philadelphians.
In 1791 Allen established what was known as the Blacksmith Shop Meeting House when
he purchased an abandoned blacksmith shop from a man named Sims and moved it to a
plot of ground on 6th Street between Lombard and Pine Streets. This building was dedicated
as a church in 1794 by Bishop Frances A. Asbury of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
From July 1805, Allen conducted services in the "Roughcast Church". This had been the first
brick church erected on American soil by people of color. The African Methodist Episcopal
denomination was organixed in Philadelphia in 1816. Richard Allen was consecrated as its
first Bishop at the General Conference in Philadelphia, Pennsylvana, April 10, 1816. In 1841
the red brick church was built to replace the old roughcast one, and remained in use until
the present church (dedicated in 1890) was erected in its place on the original plot of ground.
Allen was an organizer of the Free African Society, a group that fostered self-help and
sel-dependence. He established day and night schools, and was co-organizer of the first
Masonic Lodge among colored men in Pennsylvania, African Lodge 459 in Philadelphia.
From 1797 to his death on March 26, 1831, Allen operated a station on the Underground Railway
for escaping slaves. This work was continued by Bethel Church until the Emancipation.
Bishop Allen was married to Sarah Bass Allen. He was the father of six children.
Richard jr., James, John, Peter, Sarah and Ann. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Page:Elizabeth Barrett Browning (Ingram, 5th ed.).djvu/197
some months the records of Mrs. Browning's story are nought but blank pages. Burning, heart-burning questions, however, were coming to the fore, thrilling her delicate frame and agitating her weary heart with volcanic themes. Instead of the quietude and repose her invalided constitution needed, she gave herself up with her usual ardency to the aspirations of her Italian friends and neighbours. "To her," says Mr. Story, "Italy was from the first a living fire." Her joy and enthusiasm at the Italian uprising in 1848 was fervently sung in the early portion of Casa Guidi Windows; the second part expresses her sorrow and dejection at the abortive results of that revolution. Still she hoped on, watching events from her Florentine home, with a firm trust that the days of fulfilment would arrive. She was angered with her native land, or rather with its leaders, that they turned their back upon the trials and struggles of her adopted country, and scorned them for what she deemed their insular view of the world.
Her hopes, however, were largely if not entirely | WIKI |
User:Kadam Dayanand
Kadam Dayanand (pronounced [ kadam Dayanand }Born kadam Dayanand 17 November 2000) is an actor of India origin who worked in Hindi film and wab series mekar actor kadam Dayanand | WIKI |
Sony BMG Music Entertainment v. Tenenbaum
Sony BMG Music Entertainment v. Tenenbaum (1st Circuit Court) is the appeals lawsuit which followed the U.S. District Court case Sony BMG v. Tenenbaum, No. 07cv11446-NG (D. Mass. Dec. 7, 2009).
The initial district court decision awarded the plaintiffs $675,000 in statutory damages for Joel Tenenbaum's willful copyright infringement via peer-to-peer file-sharing of 30 songs. Tenenbaum then challenged the constitutionality of the damage award and asked for a retrial or a reduction of the award via common law remittitur. The district court judge rejected Tenenbaum's arguments in favor of a retrial, and declined to invoke remittitur because, in this case, it would prompt a retrial which would broach the constitutional issues remittitur was intended to avoid. Asserting that the question of the award's constitutionality was unavoidable, the judge reduced the damages to $67,500 on constitutional grounds, reasoning that the damages were effectively punitive, as well as excessive and in violation of Tenenbaum's Due Process rights.
Both parties then cross-appealed to the First Circuit Court of Appeals—Sony, et al., for full reinstatement of the original damages, and Tenenbaum challenging both liability and damages. The First Circuit rejected all of Tenenbaum's arguments, affirmed the denial of Tenenbaum's motion for a new trial, reversed the District Court's decision to reduce the damages, reinstated the original award, and remanded on the question of the common law remittitur.
Background
Defendant and cross-appellant Joel Tenenbaum was an undergraduate student studying physics and mathematics at Goucher College in Maryland 2005 prior to the original litigation in the Massachusetts District Court. During this period, Joel Tenenbaum downloaded and distributed, via a peer-to-peer file-sharing network, a number of songs owned by the plaintiffs.
While the plaintiffs are listed collectively as Sony BMG Music Entertainment, the plaintiffs in both the district court case and the subsequent appeal actually included five record companies:
* Sony BMG Music Entertainment
* Arista Records, LLC, a subsidiary of Sony BMG
* Warner Bros. Records, part of Warner Music Group
* Atlantic Recording Corporation, part of Warner Music Group
* UMG Recordings, Inc., part of Universal Music Group
As the plaintiffs are all members of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and it is the RIAA which makes public statements about the case, the case is sometimes informally referenced as RIAA v. Tenenbaum. However, references more commonly use Sony, Sony BMG, Sony BMG Music Entertainment, and the more precise Sony BMG Music Entertainment, et al. as the name of the plaintiffs.
During a jury trial in the Massachusetts District Court, Tenenbaum admitted liability for infringing the plaintiffs' copyright for 30 songs he downloaded and distributed via file-sharing software. The judge issued a directed verdict for the issue of liability, and the jury determined the infringement was "willful" and assessed statutory damages totaling $675,000.
Tenenbaum then filed a motion claiming the damage award was unconstitutional, and requested either a new trial or a reduction of the damages by remittitur. The Court granted the retrial request, in part, by considering the constitutionality and "punitive" nature of the damage award, weighing it against the standards established by the Supreme Court in the cases BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore (referenced as BMW or Gore, and favored by the defendant) and in ''St. Louis, I.M. & S. Ry. Co. v. Williams (referenced as Williams'', and favored by the plaintiffs and the U.S. Government). Citing these standards and other case law relating to statutory and punitive damages, the Court ordered the judgment in the case be amended to reduce the damage award by 90%, to $67,500.
Remittitur would allow the plaintiffs to reject the remitted award and opt for a retrial, which they had indicated they would do, so the Court explicitly chose to reduce the award on constitutional grounds, because a retrial would put the Court in the position of confronting the constitutional issues that remittitur was intended to avoid.
The plaintiffs and defendant collectively brought suit in the First District Court of Appeals to argue several matters:
* statutory damages and injunctive relief under the Copyright Act,
* constitutionality of the damages reduction
* matters of fair use
* a district court's ability to invoke constitutionality.
Facts
Appearing before Chief Judge Lynch, and Circuit Judges Torruella and Thompson, the facts of the case are as follows:
The Massachusetts District Court entered judgement against Tenenbaum that he was liable for willful violation of the Copyright Act and summarily awarded Sony statutory damages of $22,500 for each infringed song. This reward is within the $750 to $150,000 per infringement that Congress established for willful infringement.
Tenenbaum then motioned for a new trial or remittitur. The district court skipped over the issue of the remittitur and instead reached a constitutional issue. Reasoning that the $675,000 fine is excessive and thus in violation of Tenenbaum's due process rights
Both parties then cross-appealed.
Tenenbaum's argument
Joel Tenenbaum challenges the District Court's opinion that he is liable for copyright violation and he should owe Sony statutory damages. Tenenbaum challenges the constitutionality of the Copyright Act. In addition, he challenges the Copyright Act's statutory damages provision's applicability to his conduct. Tenenbaum also argues the district court committed various errors that require a new trial and that a further reduction of the damage award is required by the due process clause.
Sony BMG's argument
Sony argues the district court has erred in reducing the jury's award of damages and seeks to reinstate of the full award of $675,000 and in its defense of Tenenbaum's willful infringement and liability of infringement.
Court decision
Foremost in the circuit court ruling, the United States defended the constitutionality of the Copyright Act against Joel Tenenbaum's challenge. In addition, the United States contended the District Court of Massachusetts erred in bypassing the question of common law remittitur and thus should not have reduced Tenenbaum's punishment sum as a constitutional issue.
The First Circuit court then moved to reject all of Tenenbaum's arguments. They point out that Tenenbaum has received multiple warnings from his parents, school, ISP, and the recording companies to cease and desist from his file-sharing and thus has willfully violated the Copyright Act and infringed the Copyrights of Sony et al. by using the peer-to-peer sharing platform Kazaa. In addition, the court affirmed the denial of Tenenbaum's motion for a new trial or remittitur on the claim that the Copyright Act is not applicable to his actions or trial. Lastly, the court reversed the District Court's supplemental decision to reduce the damages Tenenbaum owed Sony et al., and instead reinstated the original full value of $675,000.
On February 13, 2012, Tenenbaum petitioned the United States Supreme Court to review the case. The court denied the petition on May 21.
Aftermath
Although the First Circuit Court, in its opinion, recommends Congress to reanalyze its copyright laws, the United States Supreme Court has yet to weigh in with its opinion. As such, the current legal precedents and legal situation for the states in the First District are as follows:
* The Copyright Act is constitutional.
* The Copyright Act is applicable for cases of peer-to-peer file sharing of copyrighted material by individuals.
* Peer-to-peer file sharing of copyrighted works by individuals for the purpose of "enjoyment" is not fair use.
* Skipping common law remittitur and instead applying for constitutional reasoning is erroneous.
* Courts must practice constitutional avoidance: the practice of first arguing or reasoning a point based upon common law before turning to use the constitution.
Bibliography for (Sony BMG Music Entertainment v. Tenenbaum (1st Cir. 2011)
* Mass. District Court Opinion
* Mass. District court opinion
* Rhode Island district court memorandum
* First district court of appeals opinion
* First district court of appeals supplement
* First district court of appeals documentation
* Collection of industry versus people files
* Random summary article on 1st district court decision
* US Court PDF
* DMCA
* Joel Tenenbaum and lawyers website
* Copyhype article
* Rights of copyright owner
* Definitions
* Damages | WIKI |
Page:The Complete Peerage Ed 1 Vol 7.djvu/448
44G TYRCONNELL. nf Sir George Hamilton, Count Hamilton in France/al sister of Sarah, the (roll, knows DtJGHKS of Maulbouoioh, da. and coheir <.f Richard Jennings, of Sandvidgc, Herts, by France*, da. ami coheir of Sir GiHard THORNHURBT, Hart, (sn cr. 1622! of Apnes Court, co. Kent. The Duchess (for so she was always called 1 ' had heen one of the Mai>ls of Honour, ami was long (as " La belle Jcnniwis") a reigning beauty at the Court of Charles II. When again a widow, in 1(101, she lived many years abroad, being I.ady of the Bedchamber to the exiled Queen of .lames II. She. however, returned to Ireland, pr.ihahly about 1720, and il. s p.m. from a fall from her bed. at Paradise RrtW or Arbour Hill, Dublin, ti and was bur. 9 March 1780/1, at St. Patrick's there, aped SI or S2.; b ) Her will dat. 28 May 1726, nr. in the Court of Delegates, 17:11. M.I. in i he Chapel of the Scotch College, at Paris. (<•') She had founded a Nunnery for poor Clares, in King street, Dublin. William Tai.bot, of Hagfrardstowrt, nephew ami h. w:ilp,( J ) assumed the title of E.utr. ok Tyhconnmx, ke [L]on his uncle's death, in 10:11, under the site, rem. in its creation (1685), notwithstanding the late Karl's attainder. He was s. and h. of Garret Talbot, by Margaret, da. of Henry G.u- Do.v, of co Louth, which Garret was an elder br. of the said Karl. He, too, was attainted under the description of •' William Talbot of Dundalk."(") He fled to St. Germain en Laye, and presumably d. there. His son and heir ( — ), Talbot, was a Lient.-Qen. in the service of France. It is unknown w hether or no this son assumed the title of Karl or Tyiico.nxei.i., ke. [I.], but on his death s.p. that Earldom, kc, which had been under attainder since 1 (59 1, became extinct.,' 1 ) 1. Sir .Iohn Urow.ni.ow, Unit., nf Ilnmby and Helton, co. Lincoln, e. and h. of Sir William Hrownlow, ■Jth Bart., of the same, by his first wife Dorothy, 1st da. and coheir of Sir Richard Mason, of Sutton, co. Surrey ; sue. his father. 6' March 1700/1. as :"th Ilaronet 'a dignity a: 21 July 1841) : was of full age in 171 1 ; M.P. for Grantham and ( a ) Her three daughters by Count Hamilton (coheirs) were il) Elizabeth, Vis- countess lb is* [I.] j (2i Frances, Viscountess Dillon [I.], and ,:!) Mary, Viscountess Barnewall of Kingeland [I.] They were known at the Viceregal Couit [I.] as " the three Viscountesses " and all three are bur. at St. Patrick's, Dublin, by T rconnel she is said to Inn e had two daughter?, each of w hom m. foreign noblemen. One of these two, Charlotte, is said to have in. the Prince de Vintimiglia and to have hail two daughters, both of whom M. but d. s.p. In "Mawson's obits," however [Genealogist, N.S., iv, 251. the death at St. Germans is mentioned, 14 Feb. 1721/2, of Tyrconnell'a •'only da. Charlotte,'' in her 4t>th year, who had m. "her cousin the late Lord Richard Talbot >.f Tyreonnell, who "d. in 1715 in the Scotch rebellion," and who herself •' left a sou and da. behind her.'' ( h ) Aged 101 ..coording to the " Gent. Mag." Count Grammont says of her : " She had the fairest and brightest complexion that ever was Been, her hair a most beauteous flaxen, her countenance extremely animated. . . The charms of her person and the unaffected aprightlinesa of her wit gained her the general admiration of the whole Court. ; in thi se fascinating qualities she had there other competitors, but scarcely one, except Miss Jennings, maintained, throughout, the character of Unblemished chastity. " On the other hand Lord Melfort says that she had " l'auie la plus noire qui se puisse concevoir." Her u mad freak," in going about, dressed as "an orange wench'' (when' 1 Maid of Honour") is narrated by Pepys, 21 Feb. 1684/5, and by Grammont, and there is an account of the whole of her career (at some length) in .'ease's " Court of Stuarts." When old she is described as " low in Stature, extremely emaciated, and without the slightest trace of ever having been a beauty." (") The inscription, describing her as " Frances Jennings, Duchess of Tyreonnell, i* printed in Jesse's " Court of Stuarts," vol. iv, p. 158, as also (with others in the said chapel) in " Coll. Top. et Gen.," vol. vii, p. 38. (") See D'Alton's " Irish Army List." It is presumed that Tyrconnell's nephew, Sir William Talbot, Hart. [I.] (s. and h. of his eldest br.) was dead *.p. before him, as this William stands first in the spec. rem. of 16S5. Viscountcy [I] r. iris, to 1751. | WIKI |
Golden Globes 2017: How to Watch
Pop the champagne and grab your scorecards: It’s time to pit Westworld against Westeros, Reynolds against Gosling, John Lithgow's glowering Winston Churchill against John Travolta's eyebrow wig. On Sunday, Hollywood's (mostly) inebriated, self-congratulatory side will be on full display on a NBC channel near you, as Jimmy Fallon kicks off the 74th annual Golden Globes. Wait, why are we telling you to watch some glitzy awards show? Well, for one, there's always a good chance some celeb will get hammered and say something stupid that'll blow up all of your social feeds. And, for another, 2017 could be the year that genre TV gets its due: Westworld and Stranger Things are both strong contenders for best television drama, up against Netflix's historical drama The Crown, NBC’s This Is Us, and omnipresent Game of Thrones. That goes for their actors, too, as genre stars Winona Ryder (Stranger Things) will be up against Evan Rachel Wood (Westworld) and Catriona Balfe (Outlander) for Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series, Drama. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Physiology and Biophysics
Duk-Su Koh Ph.D.
Research Professor
Ph.D. Physiology
The Justus-Liebig University, 1992
Faculty Image (large)
Modulation of Exocytotic Secretion
The work in my group aims to study the intracellular signals regulating exocytosis using biophysical methods. All eukaryotic cells release organic substances for their own use or for intercellular communication. Exocytosis, fusion of a secretory vesicle into the plasma membrane, efficiently delivers cellular products outside a cell or into the plasma membrane. This cellular phenomenon is most elaborate at tiny synaptic terminals but, for biophysical experiments, endocrine cells have been a useful model system. We have studied the intracellular signals regulating the exocytosis of insulin from pancreatic islet cells. Recently interactions between islet cells using excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitters have been demonstrated, and therefore we are currently investigating the exact modes of the paracrine actions, i.e. which cell generates what kind of signal and which cell responds to the signal. In parallel to the experimental approaches, in collaboration with Prof. M.Y. Choi's statistical physics group at Seoul National University, we have developed a mathematical model for insulin secretion with molecular details. The model forms the basis for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms controlling islet hormone secretion. A current focus is to understand exocytosis in exocrine pancreatic epithelial cells to generalize the principles found in neurons and endocrine cells. Major biophysical tools to study exocytosis are patch clamp technique to study ion channels, carbon fiber amperometry to monitor single vesicle fusion, fluorescence methods to record the intracellular signals involved in exocytosis such as Ca, pH, and cAMP, and real-time fluorescence imaging and TIRF microscopy to track secretory vesicles in cytosol and near the membrane. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The hack is back: Democrat alleges 'sophisticated' effort to infiltrate his congressional campaign
California Democrat Hans Keirstead says he was aggressively targeted by cyberattacks that sought to obtain information and money during his bid to unseat GOP Rep. Dana Rohrabacher and that the FBI is investigating the hacks. There was a very sophisticated and very highly coordinated attack on both my campaign digital services, but also my company, Keirstead, the executive of a biomedical research firm, told NBC News on Thursday. They went for the duration of my campaign, and both of them stopped when I lost the primary. Rohrabacher, a strong supporter of President Donald Trump who is known as a staunch defender of Moscow's interests, was warned by the FBI in 2012 that Russian spies were seeking to recruit him. They call me Putin's best friend. I'm not Putin's best friend, Rohrabacher told ABC News in 2017. I'm a patriotic American who knows that it would be really good for America to cooperate with Russia. I could care less whether it's good for Russia. Keirstead said he hired two cybersecurity firms one for his campaign and one for his company but neither could identify the source of the hack. The FBI has an open investigation, Keirstead said, but have not offered him any firm conclusions. The FBI declined to comment. Keirstead said he believes it could be Russian intelligence agencies because of their efforts to influence the 2016 campaign and the fact that the hacks ended when he lost the primary in June. People deserve to know that hacking into politics is not over. It didn't end in 2016 with Trump and Clinton. It's very active; it's a very robust operation that's happening now. The cyberattacks and FBI investigation were first reported by Rolling Stone. Keirstead came in third in California's nonpartisan top-two jungle primary, losing by just 125 votes to another Democrat, Harley Rouda. Keirstead said he does not believe the hack affected the outcome of the race, and he endorsed Rouda. The hack comes as U.S. intelligence agencies warn of the growing and serious threat cyberattacks, particularly from Russia, post to the U.S. The hacks on Keirstead's campaign and company began in August 2017 with a spear-phishing attack on his email. Spear-phishing attacks are a common technique in which hackers send fake email to try to trick recipients into allowing access to email. Keirstead said he changed his passwords promptly; the hacks later advanced to brute-force attacks on his campaign website, and eventually other attacks where hackers impersonated him and sought to obtain money and passwords from his staff. It really does look real. It doesn't say something from Russia dot com, he said. It really does look like Hans from Hans for California. In one instance, an email that purported to be from the candidate asked an assistant to transfer hundreds of thousands of dollars to another account. It was so convincing, Keirstead said, that his assistant called the bank, but was unable to complete the transfer without Keirstead. Robert Johnston, the expert who first investigated the 2016 election hack on the Democratic National Committee and now the CEO of Adlumin, a cybersecurity firm, has not reviewed Keirstead's hack, but told NBC News that the spear-phishing and brute-force attacks follow a pattern used by Russian military intelligence. The efforts to steal money, however, are more commonly seen in criminal attacks. I'd say it's more likely Russian activity, just because of the other events that are around it, but I don't have any of the forensic data so it's impossible for me to tell, Johnston said. Sophisticated criminals seeking financial gain would start with mimicry emails, not spear-phishing and brute-force attacks, Johnston said, and he noted that Sen. Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., was the victim of cyberattacks around the same time by Russian hackers. Microsoft said they'd detected and helped block attempts to hack three congressional campaigns, too, declining to detail which ones. The president has downplayed Russian interference in his effort to discredit the special counsel's investigation into ties between Russia and the Trump campaign. 2018 NBC UNIVERSAL | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
5 Top Consumer Goods Stocks to Buy In October
Andres Cardenal (Amazon.com) : Amazon stock is delivering impressive performance in a challenging market environment. While the Nasdaq index is down by nearly 4% year to date, shares of the online retail leader are up by a staggering 62% in the same period.
The company is consolidating its competitive position as the unchallenged king in online retail. According to some estimates, Amazon could have as many as 60 million to 80 million Amazon Prime members around the world. This is an amazing competitive asset generating sustained customer loyalty and recurrent sales growth for the company over the long term.
Revenue during the second quarter of 2015 increased 20% year over year to $23.2 billion. That growth rate alone would be exceptional for a company as big as Amazon. Adjust for currency effects and revenue jumped by a jaw-dropping 27% versus the same period in 2014.
The North America retail division is Amazon's most mature segment, yet the business continues firing on all cylinders, with sales growing 26% last quarter. E-commerce still represents only 7.2% of total retail sales in the U.S., so Amazon still has plenty of room for expansion at home.
In addition, revenue from cloud computing exploded by 82% last quarter, reaching $1.82 billion. This provides an extra growth driver with massive potential in the years ahead.
Tim Beyers (Disney) : When it comes to franchises, there's Disney and then there's everyone else. But you know that. What's interesting -- and what makes Disney so attractive at current levels -- is that the stock is down over 10% since July 1 despite an excellent performance at the box office and soaring attendance at its theme parks.
Look at Ant-Man . Marvel's underdog superhero flick has earned over $400 million worldwide on the lowest production budget in the history of Marvel Studios movies. At the same time, Disney is still home to nine of the 10 most-trafficked theme parks in the world . You don't achieve that sort of dominance without first cultivating an engaging brand.
There's simply no reason for Disney to be trading down the way it has, which is why last month I made the largest single investment I've ever made in Disney LEAPS, which is short for "long-term anticipation securities." Read all about the bet here , which I expect to result in no less than a double over the next year.
Credit: Boston Beer.
Steve Symington (Boston Beer): I think now's a perfect time for investors to take a swig of Boston Beer. Despite posting solid quarterly results two months ago, shares of the craft brewer are down 26% year to date as investors fret over weakness in depletions -- a measure for how fast its products travel from warehouses to consumer outlets -- in some Samuel Adams beer varieties. But at the same time, Boston Beer is also enjoying strength from its other brands including Angry Orchard, Twisted Tea, and Traveler Beer, the last of which only just began its national rollout in the prior quarter.
What's more, Boston Beer is working to continue improving its supply chain and reduce wholesaler inventories, while at the same time introducing new packaging and advertising in the current quarter to further bolster depletions growth. While these investments may mean sacrificing some near-term profits, I think Boston Beer management is wise to focus on its massive long-term opportunity with less than a 2% share of the U.S. beer market. As long as Boston Beer continues churning out superior product and delighting the taste buds of American beer drinkers, I see no reason that share won't continue to grow. Boston Beer's stock price should follow suit over the long term.
Credit: WhiteWave Foods.
Tamara Walsh (WhiteWave Foods): Not only is WhiteWave Foods a leading consumer packaged foods and beverage company today, but it also operates in the fast-growing niche of plant-based and organic foods. This stock is a buy for many reasons, not least of which is because shares look reasonably valued at the stock's current price of around $40 a pop. WhiteWave currently boasts a price-to-earnings growth rate of 2.53, which is slightly below the industry average PEG of 2.89. And while the stock trades at 30 times next year's earnings, plenty of catalysts exist that could boost earnings in the quarters ahead.
Strategic acquisitions are one such move that could push the stock higher from here. After all, WhiteWave has proven its aptitude for seamlessly integrating complementary businesses in the past. The company scooped up dairy-free ice cream maker So Delicious last year for around $195 million. Thanks to robust sales of its So Delicious products, WhiteWave Foods' net sales in its plants-based business increased 26% in the latest quarter.
The company's latest acquisitions include Wallaby Yogurt Company and Vega, a popular plant-based nutritional business. Driven by a strong portfolio of brands that include Silk soy milk, Land-o-Lakes, and Horizon Organic, WhiteWave continues to achieve double-digit growth across most of its product categories today. With the stock reasonably priced and future growth on the horizon, I believe this is a top stock to own heading into 2016.
Credit: GoPro.
Anders Bylund (GoPro): So action-oriented camera specialist GoPro is no longer the appropriately high-flying daredevil stock it recently was. Having fallen a bloodcurdling 70% from last October's all-time highs, GoPro's price-to-earnings ratio has also dwindled from 95 to 25 times trailing earnings.
It kind of looks like the beginning of the end. GoPro's personal apocalypse is nigh -- investors had better run for the exits! Or, you can see it as a fantastic reminder of that old value-investing sawhorse: "Buy when there's blood in the streets."
GoPro's blood is indeed running thick and gooey across the alleys and avenues around Wall Street. But the company is hardly falling apart at its seams.
Trailing sales have jumped 72% higher year over year. Negative earnings have turned solidly positive, and GoPro also generates lots of healthy free cash flows these days. At the moment, $1.7 billion in trailing revenues yielded $163 million of free cash. Many highly successful businesses would sell their mothers for that kind of cash return on rapidly growing sales.
High growth meets plunging share prices. Sounds downright tasty, doesn't it? And here's the cherry on top: GoPro's stock is arguably falling for all the wrong reasons.
Investors worry about the lack of a brand-new camera series in time for this holiday season. Without a freshly unveiled flagship, the company will surely miss the most important sales season of the year, right?
However, last year's HERO4 lineup is still throwing its considerable weight around. Moreover, that generation of GoPro cameras is still spawning a plethora of new models. Will consumers hold off on buying the just-released HERO+ device or its reduced-price siblings, just because they don't come with a HERO5 moniker?
I don't think so and the holiday season will tell the tale. In the meantime, GoPro reports third-quarter results near the end of October. Management's guidance targets in that report will set the tone for the rest of 2015.
This hypergrowth story is far from over, but you can still buy the shares at bargain-bin prices. And I'd be surprised if that discount lasts through the end of October.
The next billion-dollar iSecret
The world's biggest tech company forgot to show you something at its recent event, but a few Wall Street analysts and the Fool didn't miss a beat: There's a small company that's powering their brand-new gadgets and the coming revolution in technology. And we think its stock price has nearly unlimited room to run for early in-the-know investors! To be one of them, just click here .
The article 5 Top Consumer Goods Stocks to Buy In October originally appeared on Fool.com.
Anders Bylund owns shares of Walt Disney and has the following options: short January 2016 $320 puts on Amazon.com and long January 2016 $320 calls on Amazon.com. Andrés Cardenal owns shares of Amazon.com and Walt Disney. Steve Symington has no position in any stocks mentioned. Tamara Rutter owns shares of Amazon.com, Walt Disney, and WhiteWave Foods. Tim Beyers owns shares of Walt Disney and has the following options: long January 2017 $85 calls on Disney.The Motley Fool owns shares of and recommends Amazon.com, Boston Beer, GoPro, Walt Disney, and WhiteWave Foods. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days . We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy .
Copyright © 1995 - 2015 The Motley Fool, LLC. All rights reserved. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy .
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Night Guard
Adobestock 4104434 Preview
What are Night guards?
A nightguard is a type of appliance that can prevent patients from grinding their teeth at night. Tooth grinding, known as bruxism, is an incredibly common condition that can cause a variety of dental problems. Unfortunately, most people who grind their teeth don’t even know they’re doing it because it is done while they sleep. Nightguards help to provide a cushion between the upper and lower teeth so that grinding does not occur.
Beautiful Patient Holding Orthodontic Retainers In Dental Clinic
Why are Night guards needed?
The reason you may need a nightguard is because you currently grind your teeth. Over time, incessant grinding can cause damage to your teeth as well as headaches and ear aches. In severe cases, bruxism can cause issues relating to the TMJ, which is the joint connecting the lower jaw to the skull. You may begin to realize that you grind your teeth because of cracking, damage to existing teeth as well as flat-looking dentition.
Grind Guard Dental Model Case
Who is a candidate for Night guards?
Nightguards are ideal for all patients who grind their teeth at night. With a routine examination, we can determine if you might suffer from bruxism. In general, we’ll look for damage to your back teeth as well as teeth that appear flat. If you have bruxism, it is important to treat the condition as soon as possible to prevent further damage to your smile.
Young Woman Is Sitting In Dental Chair In Clinic, Office. Man Doctor Is Showing Jaw Layout, Teaching How To Put Mouth Guard On Teeth. Orthodontist, Dentist Is Conducting Examination Of Patient.
What happens during the process to make Night guards?
We will take impressions of your teeth to make a nightguard device for you. Unlike the typical boil-and-bite nightguards you’d buy in a store, our nightguards are custom made just for you to provide a superior fit. The device is comfortable to wear and provides a cushion between the upper and lower teeth. In order for the nightguard to work effectively, it has to be worn every night while you sleep. You can have the device replaced as it shows signs of damage or wear. Your nightguard will help to keep your teeth protected and healthy.
Want to schedule an appointment? | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Gene Set: BEGUM_TARGETS_OF_PAX3_FOXO1_FUSION_UP
Standard name BEGUM_TARGETS_OF_PAX3_FOXO1_FUSION_UP
Systematic name M10156
Brief description Genes up-regulated in SaOS-2 cells (osteosarcoma) upon expression of PAX3-FOXO1 [GeneID=5077;2308] fusion protein off an adenoviral vector.
Full description or abstract The oncogenic fusion protein, Pax3/FKHR, is a more potent transcription factor relative to its normal counterpart, Pax3. Since Pax3 induced a mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) in human SaOS-2 osteosarcomas, we hypothesized that Pax3/FKHR would also induce a morphological change in SaOS-2 cells. We demonstrate here that Pax3/FKHR more potently induces a MET in SaOS-2 cells than Pax3. This greater potency was further evident where Pax3/FKHR, but not Pax3, induced a morphological alteration in U2-OS osteosarcoma cells. By microarray analysis, we determined that Pax3/FKHR altered the expression of gene targets in a manner quantitatively and qualitatively distinct from Pax3. Three classes of genes were identified: (i) genes induced or repressed by Pax3 and Pax3/FKHR, (ii) genes induced or repressed by Pax3/FKHR but not Pax3 and (iii) genes induced by Pax3/FKHR but repressed by Pax3. Chromatin immunoprecipitations confirmed the direct binding of Pax3/FKHR to the promoter region of several factors including cannabinoid receptor-1, EPHA2 and EPHA4. Verification of the microarray data also revealed coordinate alteration in the expression of factors involved in BMP4 signalling. Regulation of gene expression by Pax3 and Pax3/FKHR is, however, cell-type specific. BMP4 expression, for example, was repressed by both Pax3 and Pax3/FKHR in SaOS-2 cells, while in the rhabdomyosarcoma, RD, Pax3/FKHR, but not Pax3, induced BMP4 expression. Thus, our data reveal that Pax3/FKHR regulates a distinct but overlapping set of genes relative to Pax3 and that the global set of Pax3 and Pax3/FKHR gene targets is cell-type specific.
Collection C2: curated gene sets
CGP: chemical and genetic perturbations
Source publication Pubmed 15688035 Authors: Begum S,Emami N,Cheung A,Wilkins O,Der S,Hamel PA
Exact source Table 1S
Related gene sets (show 2 additional gene sets from the source publication)
(show 1 gene sets from the same authors)
External links
Filtered by similarity
Organism Homo sapiens
Contributed by Leona Saunders (MSigDB Team)
Source platform HUMAN_GENE_SYMBOL
Dataset references
Download gene set format: grp | text | gmt | gmx | xml
Compute overlaps (show collections to investigate for overlap with this gene set)
Compendia expression profiles GTEx compendium
Human tissue compendium (Novartis)
Global Cancer Map (Broad Institute)
NCI-60 cell lines (National Cancer Institute)
Advanced query Further investigate these 59 genes
Gene families Categorize these 59 genes by gene family
Show members (show 60 members mapped to 59 genes)
Version history 3.0: First introduced
See MSigDB license terms here. Please note that certain gene sets have special access terms. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Murder of Hailey Owens
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified 2 one external links on Death of Hailey Owens. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140225104614/http://www.news-leader.com/article/20140221/NEWS12/302210094/Wood-has-a-1-million-trust-challenges-request-for-public-defender?nclick_check=1 to http://www.news-leader.com/article/20140221/NEWS12/302210094/Wood-has-a-1-million-trust-challenges-request-for-public-defender?nclick_check=1
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140227191816/http://www.kshb.com/news/crime/police-body-found-in-search-for-missing-10-year-old-girl-from-springfield-mo to http://www.kshb.com/news/crime/police-body-found-in-search-for-missing-10-year-old-girl-from-springfield-mo
Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 09:40, 9 December 2016 (UTC)
Requested move 12 January 2018
The result of the move request was: On hold for now, but feel free to reopen or start a new RM once the AFD for this article closes. P.S.: I also support moving the page to the proposed title. ToThAc (talk) 18:21, 23 January 2018 (UTC)\
MOVED clear enough (non-admin closure) Galobtter (pingó mió) 17:19, 28 January 2018 (UTC)
Death of Hailey Owens → Murder of Hailey Owens – Suspect convicted of murder. -- Gourami Watcher Talk 19:17, 12 January 2018 (UTC)
* Support seems obvious enough. Lepricavark (talk) 01:59, 13 January 2018 (UTC)
* Oppose and suggest Hailey Owens per WP:CONCISE. Feels so morbid to debate the name of the article based on the event rather than the person. I'd also debate the encyclopedic value of this article at all - there are no incoming links from other articles, just lists of other murders. Its also been tagged since August 2016 as needed more outward links. WP:NOTMEMORIAL. -- Netoholic @ 05:22, 13 January 2018 (UTC)
* Support per nomination. When murder conviction is on record, the main title header should be automatically moved per headers of numerous other articles which indicate "Murder of…" —Roman Spinner (talk)(contribs) 06:10, 13 January 2018 (UTC)
* That is what I would have done, except the article was previously moved to "murder of..." until another user moved it back to "death of..." An admin would probably have to delete the redirect for "murder..." so the page history isn't lost by a copy/paste. -- Gourami Watcher Talk 03:51, 16 January 2018 (UTC)
* I see that this article was created on February 21, 2014 as Hailey Owens, moved six weeks later to Murder of Hailey Owens with the edit summary — "notable murder of nn" then, between October 7 and 9, 2015, moved to Death of Hailey Owens, with the edit summary — "Because the trial is still ongoing, this isn't necessarily still murder", then moved back to "Murder" — "As noted before, "murder" does not depend on the outcome of a trial", then back to "Death" — "A suspect is innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. Prosecutors can't convict", then back to "Murder" — ""Murder" is an investigative finding; not a judicial one", then back to "Death" — ""Murder" prejudges an untried defendant". Now that the conviction has been obtained, this RM is expected to be closed in three days with the very likely move back to "Murder". —Roman Spinner (talk)(contribs) 21:52, 16 January 2018 (UTC)
* Support because [″ "Craig Wood found guilty of first-degree murder in killing of 10-year-old Hailey Owens"] Kansas City Star.E.M.Gregory (talk) 12:32, 21 January 2018 (UTC)
* Support. Naming this article simply Hailey Owens would go against WP:BIO1E. Sadly, she is notable to the wider world entirely for the manner of her passing from it.--Aervanath (talk) 22:21, 22 January 2018 (UTC)
* Note to closing editor: please delay closure of this discussion until Articles_for_deletion/Death_of_Hailey_Owens is closed.--Aervanath (talk) 22:21, 22 January 2018 (UTC)
* Support, particularly since there is a conviction.Icewhiz (talk) 05:05, 23 January 2018 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Page:History of the Nonjurors.djvu/488
470 are comprehended in the term usages. Thus by the Concordate both offices were placed upon the same footing. Both were to be used at the option of the Clergy: but neither party was to introduce usages not contained in and enjoined by these offices. It seems, however, that some of the Clergy violated the compact, which led to the publication of Bishop Smith's Letter in 1744, in defence of the English Office.
It appears, that the Pretender was usually consulted in the appointment of the Scottish Bishops, of which various instances are related by Lockhart. Some contended, that the election by the Clergy was sufficient: while others argued, that the consent of the King, meaning the Son of James II. and the college of Bishops was necessary. This dispute continued several years: and Lockhart designates those who opposed the college, as factious Bishops, because they paid no respect to the King and their brethren. We find, that on some occasions, the Pretender named the persons; but of course they had been previously suggested to him by his friends in Scotland. They looked forward to his restoration: and though they took no steps to effect it, they still wished to keep up the succession, in what was deemed the regular way. In 1726 the Pretender addressed a letter to the College of Bishops, in which, alluding to the infirmities of the Bishop of Edinburgh, he says, "I have found it necessary, by this letter, to desire and direct, that Bishop Cant, and failing of him by decease, or his being rendered incapable by infirmities, that Bishop Duncan should reside at Edinburgh | WIKI |
Page:The Imperial Gazetteer of India - Volume 10 (2nd edition).pdf/392
380 NORTH-IVESTERN PROVINCES AND OUDH. procured, together with the comparative certainty of a fair crop and a remunerative price. The Government factory for the manufacture of the opium of conmerce is at Ghazipur, in the centre of the best poppy-growing region. The total exports of opium from the North-Western Provinces and Oudh amounted to 1168 tons in 1879, and 2124 tons in 1881. Forests, Jungle Products, etc.-In 1883, the area of demarcated forest reserve was 3339 square miles, about one-third of it lying in Oudh. The main forest products of the Provinces are timber, gums, resins, dyes, and tans, but none of them are produced in sufficient quantities to form t articles of export. The forests, excepting small tracts in Jhansi, Lálitpur, and Banda, lie along or near the Hiinálayas. The principal timber trees are—sál (Shorea robusta), mango (Mangifera indica), shisham (Dalbergia Sissoo), tún (Cedrela Toona), babúl (Acacia arabica), pine or chír (Pinus longifolia), ním (Melia Azadirachta), box (Buxus sempervirens). The gums are mostly the exudations of the following trees—the kikar or babúl (Acacia arabica), common all over the North-Western Provinces; the khair (Acacia Catechu), common in the sub-Himalayan tracts; the reunja (Acacia leucophlea), common in Saharanpur and in the Jumna ravines of the Doáb; the dhák (Butea frondosa), common in all jungles, and supplying the astringent gum known as kamárkás in the native bázárs. The chief resin is obtained from the pine or chír, a conifer common throughout the Kumáun Division, and the principal source of the turpentine in native use. Tar is sometimes made from its chips, which also supply an excellent torch. A red dye called ál is obtained from the root of the Morinda citrifolia, found throughout Bundelkhand. For use the roots are mixed with sweet oil and ground to powder in a small hand-mill. Cloth is dyed by being boiled with the powder thus procured. A crimson dye is obtained from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), the cultivation of which is almost wholly confined to the Meerut Division, where the safflower is sown along with gram or carrots. The flowers contain a yellow and a red pigment. If intended for export, they are crushed while a stream of water flows over them and carries off the yellow colouring matter. They are then made up into round flat cakes for market. If intended for local use, they are not deprived of the yellow pigment until immediately before the dyeing process, when it is removed as above, and the crushed fiorets kneaded up with an alkali (generally sajji, an impure carbonate of soda). An orange dye is obtained from the flowers of harsingha (Nyctanthes Arbor-tristis). The tree is most common at the foot of the Himalayas. The flowers are sweet-scented, and open only at night. They fall in numbers towards morning, and are then collected, dried, and kept till needed for | WIKI |
Triathlon at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Qualification
This article details the qualifying phase for triathlon at the 2016 Summer Olympics. The competition at these Games will comprise a total of 110 athletes coming from their respective NOCs; each has been allowed to enter a maximum of three for the first eight NOCs, while the remaining nations are limited to two. All athletes must undergo a qualifying process to earn a spot for the Games through the Continental Qualification Events, the World Qualification Event, and then the Olympic Qualification List that begin on May 15, 2014, and then conclude two years later on the same date.
The winners of each of the five Continental Qualification Events are selected to compete for the Games, followed by the top three finishers at the 2015 ITU World Qualification Event in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Thirty-nine athletes for each gender must directly qualify through the Olympic Qualification List as of May 15, 2016, ensuring that the first eight NOCs qualifying for positions are subjected to a maximum of three, and then the remaining NOCs to a limit to two. Host nation Brazil has guaranteed a single place for each gender, while further two berths are made available to NOCs through a Tripartite Invitation Commission. In the end, further five places are distributed to the NOCs without any quota through the ITU Points List. | WIKI |
College Survival Guide/Choosing Supplies
Academic Supplies
What you carry every day to class has a huge impact on your college experience.
Bag
A high quality Backpack or Messenger Bag is key for protecting your stuff from the elements. Get one with lots of pockets.
Stationery
You will want a 5 subject notebook or a three ring organizer and loadable paper. If you take notes on a laptop or tablet, bring a smaller notebook for emergency paper. In class it is not uncommon for some professors to issue impromptu assignments. Without paper you'll be dead in the water. Furthermore, should you run out of battery, you will still be able to take notes.
Your writing utensils are very important. They should be comfortable in your hand and suit your writing style. You will want a good quality black ink ballpoint pen and quality mechanical pencils as your main writing utensils. It helps to bring a red and blue pen for marking up work, though some prefer an all in one multicolor pen. Highlighters and post it notes are essential tools when annotating handouts, and your own books.
Calculators
Each professor or department will have their own opinion or policy on calculator use. Some let anything go. Some will require a specific brand of calculator. Some classes, especially remedial ones, will put restrictions on how good the calculator can be, and might even prohibit any calculator. These restrictions most commonly prohibit calculators with Computer Algebra Systems (CAS), Programmability, or Graphing Capabilities built in. Get the calculator that is recommended by your professor.
For general use a scientific calculator or a graphing calculator is a good thing to have on hand for when you need to do unexpected calculations.
To verify a calculator is working properly and is good enough for general use, try calculating $\sqrt{2}$⋅$\sqrt{2}$. If it's answer is anything other than 2, you should reconsider relying on that calculator.
Business students ought to consider getting a financial calculator. These calculators have common functions used in Business coursework built in.
Flash Drives
Sometimes you may find yourself in situations where you lack the time to upload a large file to the cloud for a quick transfer, or find yourself on an offline computer with important documents. A flash drive is invaluable in these situations. Get one that can attach to a lanyard or keychain so you don't loose it.
Computers
Some programs in your school may have a computer requirement, requiring that you own a computer. Some programs will go a step farther and require minimum specifications your computer must meet. Some programs go even farther and require a computer from a specific manufacturer, or even a specific model of computer. In these cases, get a computer that meets your schools requirements. Most Professors look dimly on students who disrupt class by not being properly prepared.
If your school does not have a computer requirement, you may be able to save money by relying on computer labs operated by the university.
Laptop or Desktop or Tablet
Laptops can be a convenience, but sometimes they aren't a needed item. If you get easily distracted in class, forcing yourself to leave your computer at home by getting a desktop can be a smart move, assuming your professor doesn't require a laptop for in class work. Desktops are often cheaper then an equivalent laptop, and offer several advantages, such as larger screens, more ergonomic keyboard options, and other perks. Some laptops support docking, which allow them to act like desktops. Furthermore, the widespread use of laptops on campuses have lead many professors to unofficially expect students to have one.
For a student looking to take notes in class and very little else, they would do fine with a simple paper notebook or a tablet computer. In this case, a student should still have access to a fully featured computer, as professors may assign work requiring a computer without outlining an official computer requirement in their syllabus.
Digital Divide
Sometimes computers fail, or a student can not afford a computer. In these cases a college may have solutions. Some colleges offer laptop loan programs, which allow students to borrow a computer for a semester, often for free if the computer is returned undamaged. Many colleges still maintain computer labs, which offer an office like environment for conducting scholarly or professional work.
If you have a computer, but it is unable to run heavy applications such as those used for engineering or complex 3D rendering, you may consider a cloud desktop service. These usually charge by the hour or month, and allow you to use a server to run your software and stream a desktop to your device.
Portable Storage
Sometimes lab computers are configured in a way that allows the running of portable applications. These are special applications designed to run from a flash drive or cloud storage without traditional installation.
Learn to use the network resources offered by your college such as cloud storage solutions or other resources.
Open Source Software
When selecting software, you should consider using Open Source Software when possible. Open Source software is free as in freedom, and often free as in beer. Additionally Open Source software can often be used on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh computers.
Common Applications
Some commons open source applications useful for students include.
* LibreOffice - Office suite with general compatibility with Microsoft Office including word processor, spreadsheet, presentation and drawing.
* Zotero citation reference management
* Xournal++ helps with note-taking like Microsoft OneNote supporting handwriting input.
* Freeplane is mind mapping and knowledge management.
* Mozilla Firefox - Web Browser
* uBlock Origin - Browser extension used to block undesired content.
* HTTPS Everywhere - Browser extension that helps with general online security.
* Mozilla Thunderbird - Email client.
* VLC media player - Good for viewing most media formats.
* Bitwarden - Password Manager.
* Calibre - Ebook manager.
* GnuCash - Personal finance manager.
Applications more useful for specific majors include
Art & Humanities
* Blender - 3D art suite.
* Krita - 2D digital drawing painting and 2D animation.
* Inkscape - Vector graphics editor.
* GNU Image Manipulation Program - Raster image editor.
* Synfig - 2D animation application.
* Darktable - Non-destructive photo editor
* Scribus - Desktop publishing application.
* Godot - 2D & 3D Game engine.
STEM
* PuTTY - Terminal application.
* FlightGear - Flight Simulator
* FreeCAD - 3D Computer Aided Design application.
* LibreCAD - 2D Computer Aided Design application.
* KiCad - Electronic design automation
* R - Statistical programming environment
* QGIS - Geographic Information System Software.
Furniture & Appliances
When getting supplies for your dorm room, it's important to find out what's already there. Having two microwaves is rarely useful. Look up the dimensions of your room - Even a minifridge may not fit in a small room for example.
You certainly don't need every appliance on this list. Indeed, if you are living on campus a number of these items may in fact be prohibited, though what is and isn't allowed depends on your individual college. Most items in the Cooking list are either included in a dormitory kitchen or banned outright, typically for fire safety. If you rent a private dwelling off campus, you will have more freedom in what you may bring, with the added responsibility of those items.
Cooking
* Electric Kettle or Coffee Maker. Tea or Coffee prepared by yourself is often much cheaper.
* Microwave, Toaster, or Toaster Oven for quick snacks. Consider an oven if living off campus.
* Mini-fridge. Consider a full size fridge if living off campus.
* Insulated Lunchbox, Bottle. Being able to prepare your own meals saves serious cash over eating out.
* Travel Silverware.
* Dish Soap, Rags or Paper Towels, Sponge.
Comfort
* Box Fan. Even if your room has air conditioning, there's a good chance it's centralized and won't perform to your standards.
* Dehumidifier. Reducing the humidity of your room can make it feel cooler.
* Extra blankets can be used to keep warm on cooler nights.
Security
Create a spreadsheet listing all items you are bringing with you of nontrivial cost, along with short descriptions of unique markings or serial numbers. Save it in an online account.
* Safe. A small safe or locked box for sensitive documents, medication, laptops, etc will help deter theft. Generally there are no good ways to mount a safe in a dorm or apartment, so consider investing in a sturdy cable to tie it to permanent room fixtures or large furniture.
* K-Locks for stationary electronics. They won't stop determined thieves, but they will stop people from just walking off with your stuff.
* Permanent Markers. Write property of "YOUR NAME" on expensive items in hard to find areas, so you can prove your ownership if needed.
* Bicycle license. Your city may allow you to register your bike with local police. Having your bike serial number on record makes it harder to resell.
Clothes
You'll want good, durable clothes for the environment you're in. If you're studying in Florida, leave the heavy winter coat at home.
Bring at least one set of formalwear. Doesn't have to be expensive, you can typically find cheap suits at thrift stores.
Good shoes that fit you well are paramount if you walk to class. Bad shoes let water in, and give you blisters.
A swimsuit is useful to bring if your gym has a pool, hot tub, or lazy river. It's also good if you're near an ocean or a large lake.
If you have clothes with the logo of rival schools on it, leave them behind. Get at least one piece of clothing with your school logo on it.
Groceries
Learning to eat cheap is a good way to save money during college.
There are a lot of foods that you can easily prepare with variety without access to an oven.
* Instant Noodles (Ramen, Udon, Mee Goreng, Chow Mein)
* Instant Soup (Tomato, Tomato Bisque, Vegetable, Minestrone)
* Microwavable rice (Top with a variety of sauces, instant curry, etc)
* Texas Toast (Garlic, Cheese)
* Toast (Add Jam, Butter, or Avocado for flavor)
* Sandwiches (Peanut Butter and Jelly, Cheese, etc)
* Apples, Bananas, Grapes, and Olives.
* Pizza (Leftover, Microwavable, Bites)
* French Bread
* Nachos (Microwave shredded cheese on chips, or buy queso dip)
* Potatoes, Baked Potatoes, Instant Mashed Potatoes, Microwavable hashbrowns, fries.
* Instant Pasta
* Jerky
* Microwave Quesadilla
* S'mores
You can make these cheap foods more palatable with a small selection of spices and sauces. Salt, Pepper, Ketchup, Mustard, Dijon, Mayo, BBQ sauce, Hot Sauce, Sriracha Sauce, Teriyaki sauce, and Soy Sauce can put a new spin on food before you get tired of it.
Check out the Microwave Cooking cookbook for more info.
Personal Care
You'll also want some supplies for personal care. Below is a list you can tailor to your own needs.
* Laundry detergent.
* Laundry bag or basket (Ideally collapsable to save space)
* Shampoo, Conditioner, and Body Wash (3 In One saves space)
* Comb or brush
* Basic First Aid Kit (Doesn't have to be fancy. Have some bandages, antibiotic ointment, etc.)
* Sandals and a robe, if using communal showers.
* Toothbrush, Toothpaste, and Floss.
* Razors, shaving supplies
* Earplugs and Eyemask. If there's unavoidable noise or bright light, you'll want to be sure you can get some sleep regardless.
* Condoms. You can often get these for free at University Health centers.
* Feminine hygiene products. You may be able to get these for free from Student Government Initiatives or a Women's center. | WIKI |
F.I.T. Blog
Build Stamina for the Gym at Home!
Who has ever used the excuse, “I just don’t have time to workout”?
If you didn’t raise your hand you either get paid to workout (awesome for you) or you are lying 🙂
Here’s the reality, sometimes life gets in the way: work, kids, social obligations or you just get lazy.
But if you have made momentum towards getting back into a routine, skipping a workout you planned on doing could easily derail your progress.
So instead, follow this simple formula to build your own mini workout that you can crank out in record time and keep your progress going in the right direction.
To get started, there are a few things you need to understand:
1) We have upper and lower body focused exercises. This doesn’t mean the whole body isn’t working, but from a clarity standpoint, we will distinguish between upper and lower body.
2) For the upper body, we will classify an exercise as either push or pull. For example, a row is a pull, while a push up is a push (duh right!)
3) For the lower body, we will classify an exercise as either hip or knee dominant. Squats are knee dominant while RDLs are hip dominant.
So for a quick mini workout, pick one exercise from each category and order them into 2 supersets:
1) Upper Push / Lower Hip
2) Upper Pull / Lower Knee
Then choose a work:rest interval. I personally like 1:1 ratios like 20 on / 20 off or 30 on/ 30 off
Do each superset back and forth between the upper and lower exercise for 2-5 sets and you have a killer workout that hits the entire body and gives you the endorphin boost you need to get to the next workout at the gym!
Here’s an example:
1) Push Ups / Band Good Mornings : 20 on / 20 off (5 sets of each)
2) Seated Band Rows / Bodyweight Squats : 30 on / 30 off (4 sets each)
That whole series takes about 15 minutes. But you can use any combination you want to get a quick session in!
Enjoy!
Coach Jared
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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ORIHUELA
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ORIHUELA
the different members (St. Paul, I Cor., xii). Thus the multitude of men who receive their human nature from Adam is to be considered as a single community or rather as a single body. ... If the man, whose privation of original justice is due to Adam, is consid- ered as a private person, this privation is not his 'fault', for a fault is essentially voluntary. If, how- ever, we consider him as a member of the family of Adam, as if all men were only one man, then his priva- tion partakes of the nature of sin on account of its vol- untary origin, which is the actual sin of Adam" (De Malo, iv, 1). It is this law of solidarity, admitted by common sentiment, which attributes to children a part of the shame resulting from the father's crime. It is not a personal crime, objected the Pelagians. "No", answered St. Augustine, "but it is paternal crime' (Op. imperf., I, cxlviii). Being a distinct person I am not strictly responsible for the crime of another, the act is not mine. Yet, as a member of the human fam- ily, I am supposed to have acted with its head who represented it with regard to the conservation or the loss of grace. I am, therefore, responsible for my pri- vation of grace, taking responsibility in the largest sense of the word. This, however, is enough to make the state of privation of grace in a certain degree vol- untary, and, therefore, "without absurdity it may be said to be voluntary" (St. Augustine, "Retract.", I, xiii).
■Thus the principal difficulties of non-believers against the transmission of sin are answered. "Free will is essentially incommunicable." Physically, yes; morally, no ; the will of the father being considered as that of his children. " It is unjust to make us respon- sible for an act committed before our birth." Strictly responsible, yes; resiionsible in a wide sense of the word, no; the crime of a father brands his yet unborn children with shame, and entails upon them a share of his own responsibility. "Your dogma makes us strictly responsible for the fault of Adam." That is a misconception of our doctrine. Our dogma does not attribute to the children of Adam any properly so- called responsibility for the act of their father, nor do we say that original sin is voluntary in the strict sense of the word. It is true that, considered as " a moral de- formity ", "a separation from God", as "the death of the soul", original sin is a real sin which deprives the soul of sanctifying grace. It has the same claim to be a sin as has habitual sin, which is the state in which an adult is placed by a grave and personal fault, the "stain" which St. Thomas defines as " the privation of grace" (I-II, Q. cix. a. 7; III, Q. Ixxxvii, a. 2, ad 3""), and it is from this point of view that baptism, putting an end to the privation of grace, "takes away all that is really and properly sin", for concupiscence which remains "is not really and properly sin", although its transmission was equally voluntary (Council of Trent, Sess. V, can. v.). Considered precisely as voluntary, original sin is only the shadow of sin properly so-called. According to St. Thomas (In II Sent., dist. xxv, Q. i, a. 2, ad 2<™), it is not called "sin" in the same sense, but only in an analogous sense.
Several theologians of the seventeenth and eigh- teenth centuries, neglecting the importance of the pri- vation of grace in the explanation of original sin, and explaining it only by the participation we are sup- posed to have in the act of Ailam, exaggerate this par- ticipation. They exaggerate the idea of voluntary in original sin, thinking that it is the only way to explain how it is a sin properly so called. Their opinion, differing from that of St. Thomas, gave rise to un- called-for and insoluble difficulties. At present it is altogether abandoned.
For the Scriptcral proof: MacEvilly, An Exposition of the Epistles of SI. Paul. I (4th ed.. New York, 1891), 4.5; CoRNELT, Commentarius in epist. ad Rnmanos (Paris, 1896), 269; Corldt, Spicilegium dogmatica-hihlicum. I (Ghent, 1884). 228; Prat, La TMologie de S. Paul, I (Paris, 190S). 292. — For the doctrine of
St. Augustine: Augustine, Anti- Pelagian Works (London, 1880); ScHWANE, Dogmengeschichte. II (2nd ed., Freiburg im Br., 1894) ; PoRTALi^ in Diet, de theol. calh.. s. v. Augustin. — For the THEOLOGICAL EXPLANATION: St. Thomas, II-II, QQ. clxiii. clxiv; De Rubeis, De peecato oHginali (Wurzburg, 18o7) : Scheeben, Dogmatik, II (Freiburg im Br., 1880), clxxxvi; Mohler, Symr holism (London, 1894) ; Le Bachelet, Le peche originel (Paris, 1900); Lahousse, De Deo Creante (Bruges, 1904); Pesch, Pra-lectiones de Deo Creante (3rd ed., Freiburg im Breisgau, 1908). — For the rationalistic view: Tennant, The Sources of the doctrines of the Fall and Original Sin (Cambridge. 1903).
S. Harent.
Orihuela, Diocese op (Oriolensis, Oriol.\na), comprises all the civil Province of Alicante except the two townships (pueblos) of Caudete (Albaccte) and Ayora (Valencia). The city of Orihuela, with its sub- urbs, has a population of 24,364. The episcopal see was in ancient times at Bigastro or the place known as Cehegin. Jaime the Conqueror recovered Orihuela from the Moors in 126.5, giving it to his son-in-law Al- fonso X, the Wise, of Castile, and restoring the church, which came under the jurisdiction of the See of Carta- gena. When Orihuela was lost to the Castilian crown, in 1304, Martin of Aragon petitioned the pope to give it a bishop of its own. The first concession was made by the antipope Benedict XIII (Luna), who made the church of El Salvador a collegiate church. On the petition of Alfonso V, Martin V instituted a vicariate- general, independent of Murcia and Cartagena, for the portion of the diocese lying within the Kingdom of Aragon. No bishop was appointed until 1437, when it was given as its first, a scion of the House of Corella, who never took possession. Eugenius IV suppressed the new diocese; Jidius II accorded to the church of Orihuela the rank of cathedral (1510), but subject to the Bishop of Cartagena. Peace was secured only when Philip II, in the Cortes of Monz6n (1563), de- cided to separate the church of Orihuela from Carta- gena, and obtained from Pius IV, in 1564, the creation of a new bishopric.
The first bishop was a native of Burgos, Gregorio Gallo y Andrada, confessor to Queen Isabel of Valois. Among his successors, Jose Esteban added to the ca- thedral the chapter of St. Stephen, where he is buried. Juan Elias G6mez de Terdn built at his own expense (1743) the coneiliar seminary of La Purisima Concep- ci6n, the Seminary of St. Miguel, and the House of Mercy. He also caused to be erected the Chapel of the Holy Communion, the chapter house, and the archiniim. This bishop lies buried in the church of La Misericordia at Alicante. Jose de Rada y Aguirre was confessor to Ferdinand VI. Jos6 Tormo enlarged the seminary, rebuilt much of the episcopal jialace, erected episcopal residences at Cox and Klche, and the Chapel of the Holy Communion in the gre:it church of the latter city. Several works of public utility are due to him, such as the aqueduct of Flrh( . the bridge of Rojales, and a wall protecting the cultiv;itcd lands of Orihuela against inundation. .Vnother occupant of this see was Cardinal Dcspuig (1791). Francisco An- tonio Cebridn y Valda (1797) ruled the diocese eigh- teen years, afterwards becoming Patriiirch of the In- dies. The episcopate of Felix Ilcrrcro \';dvorde was long and fruitful; he improv(Ml the cathednil and other churi lies, LilMiiircd to rci):iir the dam:tgc done by the eartliiiii;iki' of Is'J'.l, and sulTcred a long exile in Italy after Ihrdialli <.f Fcniinaiid \II.
Conspicuou.s aiiKiiig the buildings of Orihuela is the Seminary of St. Miguel. situ:itrd upon it rocky emi- nence. Founded in 174:1. it possesses ;t good library, a hall of exercises (sulihi 'h (tria.-;} built by Bishop Pedro Mari;i('ubi'rc. ( Is.'i'.M. :ind the gencrid (/n'/i/r/i/w. of the diocese. It is divided into two colleges: that of the Aposliilir- Missiuiuuies, founded by Hishop 'I'erdn, and the episriip:d eiillegc. The most notable of the churches is the C:tthedral of the Transfiguration (El Salvador) : its style is a simple ogival of the fourteenth century. The principal door — the "Door of the Chains" — is Gothic; that of the Annunciation is Plat- | WIKI |
Pudendal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition that affects the pudendal nerve, which carries signals from the genitals, urethra, and anus to the brain. The pain associated with pudendal neuralgia can be severe and debilitating, affecting daily activities and quality of life.
Elavil
Amitriptyline
10|25|50mg
Pudendal Neuralgia FAQ
What are the symptoms of pudendal neuralgia?
Common symptoms include pain in the pelvic region, genitals, rectum, and perineum, as well as numbness and tingling in the same areas.
How is pudendal neuralgia diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a physical examination, medical history review, and possibly imaging studies or nerve blocks to confirm the condition.
What treatments are available for pudendal neuralgia?
Treatment options may include medications, physical therapy, nerve blocks, and in some cases, surgical interventions to relieve pressure on the pudendal nerve.
Can medications help manage pudendal neuralgia pain?
Yes, medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, and amitriptyline may be prescribed to help alleviate the chronic pain associated with pudendal neuralgia.
Are there lifestyle changes that can ease pudendal neuralgia discomfort?
Adopting habits like avoiding prolonged sitting, using special cushions, and practicing pelvic floor relaxation exercises may help manage pudendal neuralgia symptoms.
Is pudendal neuralgia a common condition?
Pudendal neuralgia is considered rare, but its prevalence may be underestimated due to underreporting and misdiagnosis.
What are the risk factors for developing pudendal neuralgia?
Factors such as childbirth trauma, pelvic surgery, cycling, and repetitive strain on the pudendal nerve can contribute to the development of pudendal neuralgia.
Can pudendal neuralgia affect sexual function?
Yes, pudendal neuralgia can impact sexual function and may cause pain during intercourse or other sexual activities in both men and women.
Is pudendal neuralgia a progressive condition?
Pudendal neuralgia can be progressive if left untreated, leading to worsening pain and functional impairment over time.
What specialists diagnose and treat pudendal neuralgia?
Healthcare providers such as urologists, gynecologists, and pain management specialists may be involved in the diagnosis and management of pudendal neuralgia.
Can physical therapy help with pudendal neuralgia?
Yes, specialized physical therapy programs focusing on pelvic floor rehabilitation and nerve desensitization techniques can be beneficial for managing pudendal neuralgia symptoms.
Are there support groups for individuals with pudendal neuralgia?
Yes, there are online and in-person support groups where individuals with pudendal neuralgia can connect, share experiences, and access valuable resources.
Can stress worsen pudendal neuralgia symptoms?
Emotional and psychological stress can exacerbate pudendal neuralgia symptoms, so stress management techniques may be helpful in managing the condition.
Is pudendal neuralgia more common in men or women?
Pudendal neuralgia can affect both men and women, but various underlying causes and contributing factors may differ between the sexes.
What are the potential complications of untreated pudendal neuralgia?
Untreated pudendal neuralgia can lead to chronic pain, emotional distress, and a significant decline in overall quality of life.
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How to fix the problem: The Display Driver has Stopped Responding and has been Restored
Sometimes our incredibly complex computers can run into problems related to coordinating internal tasks. This error indicates that the display driver has stopped responding and has been restored. It can occur when Windows believes that your graphics card (or its driver) has taken too long to complete its task.
Technically, a display driver has stopped displaying and has a recovered bug. This indicates that your graphics card caused a Windows timeout detection and recovery error and Windows tried unsuccessfully to perform a reset. This could be the result of an extremely unusual circumstance and may not happen again after you restart your computer.
If it does happen again or you want to take proactive steps to prevent it from happening again, here are some steps you can take to make sure your graphics card responds in a timely manner.
Fix # 1: Running too many applications can cause the display driver to stop responding and fix an error.
Quit all applications except those that were running when the error occurred.
If there are applications that have been minimized, move the mouse pointer over the icon in the system tray at the bottom (minimized applications are indicated by underlining the icon in Windows 10).
Step 1: Right click on each underlined icon
Step 2: Then click “close window”
Save any work you want to save when the window closes (you will be asked if you want to save it).
If the error doesn’t recur, you may have temporarily fixed the problem. However, it may come back if you run multiple applications again and minimize them like you did before.
If you need to have multiple applications running and / or minimized at the same time, consider doing one of the more permanent fixes below.
Fix # 2: You may be running a highly graphics-intensive application
Realistic games can place high demands on your graphics card. If the requirement gets too high, a display driver may become unresponsive and an error has been fixed. Close the most graphics-oriented application you are currently running to see if the error no longer occurs.
Engineering and science software can also be very graphics-intensive, even if it doesn’t display graphics (some use the much faster graphics processor to handle math calculations).
If this works, but you still need to use the graphics-intensive application, then you can consider one of the following methods to fix it more permanently.
See also: Geforce Experience does not open
Fix 3: Try changing Windows Visual Effects settings
You can also try turning off some of the Windows visual effects to reduce the demands on your graphics card:
Step 1: Click Start. Then click Settings.
Step 2: Find the search box, in the dialog box that appears, type: Adjust the look and feel of Windows, then click the same sentence in the results box below.
Step 3: Click the Visual Effects tab
Step 4: Click the circle next to Adjust for best performance
If you don’t like the effects of this setting, you can try checking some of the features below for a custom configuration. Remember that each and every one increases the demand for the graphics card again.
Fix # 4: Change the timeout detection and recovery settings
For a more technical solution to the display driver stop responding and receiving a “Recovered” error message, you can change the registry settings.
Change the time-out setting in your registry so that Windows gives the graphics card more time before triggering this error. Since this setting is usually set as the default, a new configuration must be added to the registry as follows.
CAUTION: Incorrect changes to your registry can permanently and seriously damage your Windows operating system. You could lose all of your work and all of your files. Unless you are qualified to do this, have a professional do this. Always back up your registry before making such a change, especially after a display driver has stopped responding and fixed a bug.
Step 1: Quit all Windows applications.
Step 2: Click on Start and look for the “SearchBox:
Step 3: Enter “regedit” in the search box. A search will be performed as you type.
Step 4: Find regedit.exe in the search results and double-click it to bring up the Registry Editor:
Step 5: Find the graphics driver registry subkey by clicking the path below:
Step 6: While the video driver is highlighted (as shown), click the Edit menu and then continue New.
Step 7: In the drop-down menu, click the correct selection (for your operating system) as follows:
For 32 bit Windows
Click (so that a tick appears) on the rectangle next to DWORD (32-bit) value.
Type TdrDelay as the name and then choose Enter.
Double click on TdrDelay and add 8 for the value data, then select OK.
For 64 bit Windows
Click (so that a checkmark appears) on the rectangle next to QWORD (64-bit) value.
Type TdrDelay as the name and then choose Enter.
Double click on TdrDelay and add 8 for the value data, then select OK.
Step 8: Double click on the new “TdrDelay” entry and select Modify.
Step 9: Close RegEdit and restart your computer.
Fix # 5: There may be a problem with your graphics card
Update your display driver to the latest version. This is an extremely common cause of the dreaded display driver stop responding and fix a bug. This can happen when you neglected to update your card drivers for too long.
Step 1: Determine the manufacturer of your graphics card and the model number.
If your graphics card is a separate card installed in an expansion or upgrade socket, check the part of the card that you can see from the outside (the monitor will likely plug into it) for labels, Stamping or printing.
Check Windows Device Manager for information about the graphics card (AKA display adapter in Device Manager).
Click on Start and type “Device Manager” in the search field:
Step 2: Click on “Device Manager” (subheading “Control Panel”) to start Device Manager.
Step 3: Click “Display Adapters” and see what is expanded below. Your graphics card make and model are often listed here.
Step 4: Visit the manufacturer’s website and search for “Downloads” or “Drivers” or “Support”
Step 5: Download the latest driver for your graphics card.
Step 6: Install the driver by double-clicking the downloaded driver file. Follow all instructions during driver installation. This should remove the display driver that has stopped responding and fixed an error
If your installation fails, here’s how to fix it.
Fix # 6: Your graphics card hardware may be faulty
It happens. A faulty graphics card is not surprising, as it often runs at high temperatures and an astonishing number of numbers “crunches” during normal operation. A display driver has stopped responding and received a “Recovered” error message that may indicate a burnout card. In this situation, you may have no choice but to replace your graphics card or upgrade to a new graphics card.
Hopefully after reading this article you will have a better idea of what caused your display driver to stop responding and recover an error message and how to fix the problem. If you still need help drop us a comment below!
Leave a Comment | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
From 9c95e7319ba98585ebb6d304eca2d56f401ed70c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Hiroshi Shimamoto Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2007 23:34:46 +0200 Subject: sched: fix invalid sched_class use When using rt_mutex, a NULL pointer dereference is occurred at enqueue_task_rt. Here is a scenario; 1) there are two threads, the thread A is fair_sched_class and thread B is rt_sched_class. 2) Thread A is boosted up to rt_sched_class, because the thread A has a rt_mutex lock and the thread B is waiting the lock. 3) At this time, when thread A create a new thread C, the thread C has a rt_sched_class. 4) When doing wake_up_new_task() for the thread C, the priority of the thread C is out of the RT priority range, because the normal priority of thread A is not the RT priority. It makes data corruption by overflowing the rt_prio_array. The new thread C should be fair_sched_class. The new thread should be valid scheduler class before queuing. This patch fixes to set the suitable scheduler class. Signed-off-by: Hiroshi Shimamoto Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra --- kernel/sched.c | 5 +++++ 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+) diff --git a/kernel/sched.c b/kernel/sched.c index 63e0971c8fb..6107a0cd632 100644 --- a/kernel/sched.c +++ b/kernel/sched.c @@ -1682,6 +1682,11 @@ void fastcall wake_up_new_task(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags) p->prio = effective_prio(p); + if (rt_prio(p->prio)) + p->sched_class = &rt_sched_class; + else + p->sched_class = &fair_sched_class; + if (!p->sched_class->task_new || !sysctl_sched_child_runs_first || (clone_flags & CLONE_VM) || task_cpu(p) != this_cpu || !current->se.on_rq) { -- cgit v1.2.1 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Second Bounce of the Ball
The Second Bounce of the Ball: Turning Risk into Opportunity is a non-fiction book about entrepreneurship, written by Sir Ronald Cohen and first published in 2007 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London. The book discusses what it takes to become a successful entrepreneur, and contains biographical anecdotes from the author and the company he founded, Apax Partners. The book's title comes from Cohen's incorrect belief that the second bounce of a ball is difficult to predict.
Reviews
The book received positive reviews among the business literary critics. Robert Lenzner, editor of Forbes magazine, refers to Cohen as a modern-day version of Georges Doriot, one of the first American venture capitalists. In his review, he highlights the biographical aspect of the book, saying that it "is at bottom about how Cohen progressed from boutique investment banker earning fees on each transaction to the risky business of financing start-up companies, and from there to the more solidly rewarding buyout or private equity business."
Jonathan Guthrie, from the Financial Times, disagrees. He says that the book "is not an autobiography. But it is one of the best books written on entrepreneurship in recent years." In the review, he stated that some of the advice provided in the book can be found in other business self-help books, but says that Sir Ronald's "analysis of entrepreneurship is broader and subtler than in most titles." | WIKI |
Perio Photo 1
Staging, grading, and diagnosing periodontitis
April 29, 2021
Dr. Richard Nagelberg clears up some of the confusion about staging and grading periodontitis, diagnosing perio, and treatment guidelines. Here’s what the AAP says and doesn’t say.
It is apparent that there is some confusion regarding the American Academy of Periodontology’s (AAP) Guidelines for Staging and Grading Periodontitis. Specifically, there appears to be a perception that the guidelines are used to establish the diagnosis of periodontitis for individual patients or to guide treatment recommendations.
What the AAP says
The AAP website states the following:
“The 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions resulted in a new classification of periodontitis characterized by a multidimensional staging and grading system.”
Regarding staging, the AAP website states:
“Staging intends to classify the severity and extent of a patient’s disease based on the measurable amount of destroyed and/or damaged tissue as a result of periodontitis and to assess the specific factors that may attribute to the complexity of long-term case management.”
Regarding grading, the AAP website states:
“Grading aims to indicate the rate of periodontitis progression, responsiveness to standard therapy, and potential impact on systemic health.”
What the AAP does not say
Notice that the words diagnosis or treatment do not appear in any of these statements, because diagnosing a patient’s periodontal condition necessarily precedes staging and grading. Treatment decisions are determined by the diagnosis. Staging and grading are used solely to describe the severity, extent, and prognosis of periodontitis and does not constitute the diagnosis nor does it determine what treatment options are best.
How is periodontal disease diagnosed?
So, if the AAP guidelines are not a new way of diagnosing periodontal disease, how is it diagnosed and what are the possible diagnoses? To establish a diagnosis, we still need to perform a comprehensive periodontal examination, charting, and radiographs. Once the data is gathered and a diagnosis of periodontitis has been established, then the data can be interpreted within the framework of the staging and grading system to better describe the disease.
The possible diagnoses are health, gingivitis, or periodontitis. That’s it. Establishing the diagnosis is quite simple. If there is any level of bone loss, the patient has periodontitis. If there is no bone loss but there is bleeding on probing (BOP), the patient has gingivitis. If all sulci are 1–3 mm with no BOP, redness, or swelling, the patient is healthy.
If the patient is healthy or has gingivitis, staging and grading does not apply and should not be undertaken. If a patient has periodontitis, then the disease is staged and graded according to the AAP guidelines.
Look at the first quote above from the AAP. It says this is a new way to classify periodontitis. This means that we know the patient has periodontitis prior to establishing the stage and grade. This also applies to the AAP’s quote concerning staging and the statement about grading. They both also require a prior diagnosis of periodontitis.
In our offices, we provide the periodontal evaluation and evaluate the radiographs. The data generated determines the diagnosis of health, gingivitis, or periodontitis, as it has been for decades. Staging and grading only applies to those patients who have periodontitis.
Perhaps the most conspicuous hint is the title; “AAP Guidelines for Staging and Grading Periodontitis”—not “AAP Guidelines for Diagnosing Periodontitis.”
Just something to think about.
Additional reading: The new classification of periodontal disease that you, your patient, and your insurance company can understand
Editor’s note: This article first appeared in Through the Loupes newsletter, a publication of the Endeavor Business Media Dental Group. Read more articles and subscribe to Through the Loupes.
Richard H. Nagelberg, DDS, has practiced general dentistry in suburban Philadelphia for more than 30 years. He is a speaker, advisory board member, consultant, and key opinion leader for several dental companies and organizations. He lectures on a variety of topics centered on understanding the impact dental professionals have beyond the oral cavity. Contact Dr. Nagelberg at [email protected]. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
rtCommon.serialization
Module Contents
Functions
encodeByteTypeArgs(→ dict)
Check if any args are of type 'bytes' and if so base64 encode them.
decodeByteTypeArgs(→ dict)
Decodes rpc args that were previously encoded with encodeByteTypeArgs.
npToPy(data)
Converts components in data that are numpy types to regular python types.
encodeMessageData(message, data, compress)
b64 encode binary data in preparation for sending. Updates the message header
decodeMessageData(message)
Given a message encoded with encodeMessageData (above), decode that message.
generateDataParts(data, msg, compress)
A python "generator" that, for data > 10 MB, will create multi-part
unpackDataMessage(msg)
Handles receiving multipart (an singlepart) data messages and returns the data bytes.
Attributes
multiPartDataCache
dataPartSize
rtCommon.serialization.multiPartDataCache
rtCommon.serialization.dataPartSize
rtCommon.serialization.encodeByteTypeArgs(cmd) dict
Check if any args are of type ‘bytes’ and if so base64 encode them. The original arg will be replaced with a tag that will reference the encoded bytes within the cmd dict. :param cmd: a dictionary of the command to check
Returns
A cmd dictionary with the byte args encoded
rtCommon.serialization.decodeByteTypeArgs(cmd) dict
Decodes rpc args that were previously encoded with encodeByteTypeArgs. :param cmd: a dictionary with encoded args
Returns
a dictionary with decoded args
Return type
cmd
rtCommon.serialization.npToPy(data)
Converts components in data that are numpy types to regular python types. Uses recursive calls to convert nested data structures :returns: The data structure with numpy elements converted to python types
rtCommon.serialization.encodeMessageData(message, data, compress)
b64 encode binary data in preparation for sending. Updates the message header as needed :param message: message header :type message: dict :param data: binary data :type data: bytes :param compress: whether to compress binary data :type compress: bool
Returns
Modified message dict with appropriate fields filled in
rtCommon.serialization.decodeMessageData(message)
Given a message encoded with encodeMessageData (above), decode that message. Validate and retrive orignal bytes. :param message: encoded message to decode :type message: dict
Returns
The byte data of the original message from the sender
rtCommon.serialization.generateDataParts(data, msg, compress)
A python “generator” that, for data > 10 MB, will create multi-part messages of 10MB each to send the data incrementally :param data: data to send :type data: bytes :param msg: message header for the request :type msg: dict :param compress: whether to compress the data befor sending :type compress: bool
Returns
Repeated calls return the next partial message to be sent until
None is returned
rtCommon.serialization.unpackDataMessage(msg)
Handles receiving multipart (an singlepart) data messages and returns the data bytes. In the case of multipart messages a data cache is used to store intermediate parts until all parts are received and the final data can be reconstructed. :param msg: Potentially on part of a multipart message to unpack :type msg: dict
Returns
None if not all multipart messages have been received yet, or Data bytes if all multipart messages have been received. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Chromatographia
Chromatographia is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Verlag, covering liquid and gas chromatography, as well as electrophoresis and TLC.
Impact factor
Chromatographia had a 2020 impact factor of 2.044. | WIKI |
Why PagSeguro Digital Stock Is Plummeting Today
What happened
Shares of PagSeguro Digital (NYSE: PAGS) sank in Friday morning trading. The Brazilian fintech company's stock was down by 14.7% as of 12:27 p.m. ET, according to data from S&P Global Market Intelligence.
PagSeguro published its Q1 earnings results after the market closed Thursday and recorded mixed performance compared to Wall Street's estimates. The business posted earnings of 1.24 Brazilian reals per share ($0.25 per share) on sales of 3.75 billion reals ($750 million), while the average analyst target had called for a profit of 1.10 reals per share ($0.22 per share) on revenue of 3.84 billion reals ($770 million). But beyond the sales miss, other key factors are driving Friday's big sell-off.
So what
PagSeguro has been moving toward having more of its credit portfolio built on secured loans as opposed to unsecured loans. Last quarter, the company indicated that it was on track to bring its share of secured loans to 60% this year. However, a response to an analyst's question during the company'searnings callsuggests that it may fall a bit short of the target.
In addition to business-specific performance and guidance, macroeconomic news is likely also pressuring PagSeguro stock. On Friday, Brazil's central bank announced that the country had a current account deficit of $1.7 billion in April, down from the surplus of $286 million it had recorded in March, and significantly larger than the $250 million deficit that economists had expected. Current account balance is a metric that tracks whether a nation has brought more money in from other countries or sent more money out through trade and other channels. April's deficit suggests Brazil's economy may be weakening.
Now what
While the Brazilian economy could continue to be volatile in the near term, the long-term demand outlook for payment processing and financial services in the country is promising.
PAGS PE Ratio (Forward) data by YCharts.
With PagSeguro stock now trading at less than 10 times this year's expected earnings, shares are looking cheap. The company has strong positions in its core service categories, and it could be a worthwhile buy for risk-tolerant investors on the heels of Friday's big stock pullback.
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The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Ed Park’s latest Graphic Content column looks at new work from Matt Madden and R. Kikuo Johnson.
Shifting Styles and Blue Moods in the Pages of a Graphic Novel
Matt Madden is the stuntman-philosopher of American comics. His best-known book, “99 Ways to Tell a Story,” riffed on Raymond Queneau’s “Exercises in Style.” That bible of experimental writing from 1947 retold a mundane scenario — a mild contretemps on a Paris bus — with precision (“In a bus of the S line, 10 meters long, 3 wide, 6 high …”), in Cockney (“A sees vis young Froggy bloke, caw bloimey …”) and so on. Transposing the conceit to the graphic medium, Madden devised his own non-anecdote: Man leaves desk, opens fridge, tells someone the time, then can’t recall why he stood up in the first place. This ball of nothing gets reworked as (among other things) a batch of daily comic strips, a piece of the Bayeux Tapestry and a do-it-yourself kit in which each element (from wristwatch to lettering) is separated as if in a box, ready for assembly. The hilarity mounts, but so does the mystery of what makes a story. In flaunting style over substance, he shows them to be one and the same. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Sankt Stefan im Rosental
Sankt Stefan im Rosental is a municipality in the district of Südoststeiermark in the Austrian state of Styria.
People
* Johann Lafer (born 1957), Austrian chef | WIKI |
Talk:Sky High (2005 film)/Archive 1
Powerless? Whcih powers?
Thee's no clue or hint to know the powers of the parents of the bus driver? Was stitches fully powerless?Undead Herle King (talk) 07:28, 26 June 2008 (UTC)
This is crap
Sorry, I got addicted to the phrase after Jimbo used it referring to Bill Gates and Jane Fonda. Seriously, though, it is. Much of the article is speculation. "Presumably"? "Evidently"? "Likely"? "Apparently"? And worse of all..."Speculatively"? The plot summary has a lot of potential but is highly unencyclopedic. Who decides which quotes are memorable and which aren't? And the trivia section is definitely unencyclopedic. In short, this article is in need of a lot of cleanup. Johnleemk | Talk 14:46, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
In particular there was no indication that I could see in the movie that saving the day would in any way lead to a change in how "Hero Support" was educated. In fact The Commander complements All-American Boy on the great job he's been doing and tells him to keep it up. DavidJohns 08:24, 3 November 2006 (UTC)
Don't just moan about it, be bold and change it yourself. Jacobshaven3 10:58, 3 November 2006 (UTC)
* The article has been cleaned up a bit since October 15, 2005. Shannernanner 08:28, 5 November 2006 (UTC)
Picture not working
The picture is not working. <IP_ADDRESS> 18:56, 22 November 2005 (UTC)
* The image server is down for maintenance. When it comes back, images should load faster than ever. Johnleemk | Talk 19:40, 22 November 2005 (UTC)
Lash & Speed = Flash & Elongated Man
Of course the powers of Lash can be based on Mr. Fantastic (or Plastic Man), and the powers of Speed can be based on every speedster in superherodom (the various flashes, Quicksilver, Whizzer...) but only one speedster and one elastic hero were close friends and teamed-up frequently. In the movie Lash and Speed always appear together, it's obvious they are more close friends to each other than to the other members of the Royal Pain team, and they team-up in the "save the citicen", so I think you may consider them together when looking for references. And when you consider Lash and Speed together they only can be based on Flash II and the Elongated Man. Elongated Man (Ralph Dinby) was introduced in the Flash comic (in Flash 112) and appeared in several issues of this series aiding the Flash (Barry Allen)in his cases and in his own stories in a backup feature, he and Barry Allen were close friends and was Barry who vouched for him to be accepted in the JLA.
Based On
The entries stating that 'Movie Character A is based upon Comic Book Character B' should have some backing, otherwise they should read 'Movie Character A has powers similar to those of Comic Book Character B', unless specific statements have been made by Disney to explain these items otherwise stated as fact.--RedKnight 21:42, 22 April 2006 (UTC)
Also, why are "The Incredibles" characters used as references? Aren't they already influenced by existing comic super heroes? Saying that they influenced anything in Sky High seems redundant.AceWhatever 21:41, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
Whatever happened to Wiki's quality standards, I seem to recall something about everything having to be sourced and referenced, fact's not truth and such. Unless a creative member of the film says something in a book or something you don't really have anything other than your opinion that any of these are based on anything. None of them seem to be based on anyone, they have the powers but not the backgrounds, Warren Peace for instance is said to be based on Ghost Rider, the Human Torch or Pyro. As well as every other pyrokinetic in any comic. What relation is there between him and any? Ghost Rider's powers are demonic based and aside from appearance (and even then hes missing the skull). Also the his fire never spreads past his arms as I recall, leaving the Human Torch out, and Pyro can't make fire only control. Sunspot, Magma and Sunfire don't really make good matches either. Rather I think all the characters powers are based on what fit the film, a cheerleader who is the entire squad, a hippie who can commune with nature, some people with loser powers that prove to be useful to go with the whole "we're all just people, super-people" thing. Also, who in their right mind thing thinks Will has any connection to Captain America who has no powers at all, there is a passing resemblance to Super-Man, the basic super hero with every power. Surprise that the main character who is super strong and can fly (quite possibly the two most common powers), he bares some resemblance to the idea of the every-man, or every-teenage-superpowered-man. <IP_ADDRESS> 16:46, 18 August 2007 (UTC)
Cyclops
The entry stating 'The boy who zaps Ice Girl’s behind uses a laser optic blast much like X-Man Cyclops' is not entirely correct. It is important to make the distinction that Cyclops optic blast is a force blast, not a laser or heat vision similar to Superman. I believe the scene is definitely a display of hot versus cold, so perhaps the relationship to Cyclops should be replaced by Superman.--RedKnight 21:44, 22 April 2006 (UTC)
Missing part of the Synopsis?
Is there a missing part of the synopsis? The description of Will discovering his flight powers obviously compares the situation to discovering other abilities earlier, but there's no mention of said discovery. I haven't seen the movie yet, so I'm only guessing here.MythicFox 09:59, 1 May 2006 (UTC)
Goofs
Could someone clean up the Goofs section, perhaps re-writing it so it's no longer a cut and paste of the 'Goofs' page over at the IMDB?--MythicFox 13:01, 8 August 2006 (UTC)
* It should also be wikified... like bold for the titles... Cbrown1023 14:35, 10 September 2006 (UTC)
CLEAN UP
Ok, now, this post is way too long. We have an entire character list for their powers, and an entire list for their links to comic roots. Is this necessary? Can't some of these be moved into seperate articles, or at least organised? Jacobshaven3 21:00, 5 September 2006 (UTC)
POWERS-CLEANUP
Could someone possible create a table for it, it just looks messy right now. Another possibility is to move the information to sub-pages. Cbrown1023 14:35, 10 September 2006 (UTC)
Major cleanup needed
This article really needs some cleanup. It starts off ok, but then ballons out to a HUGE chunk of in-universe info useless in reality (see WP:WAF), most importantly lacks any section dealing with production, reception, cast comments etc (see WikiProject_Films/Style_guidelines) and ends it with a bunch of borderline OR (see WP:NOR). I appreciate the sheer mass of heart put into this effort, but this article would be IMHO 400% better if it was condensed to 40% of its length. How to do it better, see e.g. X-Men 3 or Star Wars, which have been explicitly flagged as "good articles". I don't expect anyone to make it THAT good, but this film definitely deserves better. Onomatopoeia 23:18, 25 September 2006 (UTC)
* I've cut down what I could instantly see needed to be donw (the two cast / character lists combined, like how done with the X-Men 3 article. I'll have a look soon in the trivia section to clean it up. Jacobshaven3 02:27, 30 September 2006 (UTC)
Army of Darkness reference in Coach Boomer's name?
Since this film has at least one acknowledged in-joke relating to Lynda Carter, does anyone know if Bruce Campbell's character, Coach Boomer (or, to be more accurate, Campbell's casting as Boomer) might be a reference to his famed use of a boomstick as Ash? Might be worth mentioning. 23skidoo 15:43, 9 December 2006 (UTC)
Could someone answer this?
Could someone please, please, please, please, PLEASE answer this: what is that song that plays at the beginning? I swear, it's starting to drive me INSANE.Hondasaregood 21:48, 15 December 2006 (UTC)
Plot-holes wrong
The plot-holes section needs to be either changed, or completely removed. As none of them are plot-holes, or even mistakes in the movie.
"Uncle" is said by Stitches because Royal Pain is choking him, not because Royal Pain is his uncle. Uncle is a phrase akin to "I give up" when someone is causing you pain. It comes from "Say Uncle"
Gwen's "Father" is stitches in disguise.
And there are any NUMBER of reasons that Royal Pain did not build another pacifier including limited accessibility to parts, complexity of the machine, or simply a matter of pride and anger towards the Commander.
I thought that she didn't know how, those type of super devices tend to be difficult for even technopaths. Technically, she shouldn't have all of her memories from her past time as an adult, as she wanted to use it to raise hero's to be villains, which suggests without past memories. She would still be raised by an evil lunatic and brought up with knowledge about herself and would of known why she called a gun like thing the Pacifier, evil geniuses and all tend to repeat themselves. <IP_ADDRESS> 21:03, 22 August 2007 (UTC)
Fair use rationale for Image:Sky High movie poster.jpg
Image:Sky High movie poster.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.
BetacommandBot (talk) 05:52, 24 January 2008 (UTC)
* Rationale added to image article. Johnmc (talk) 09:18, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
Cruft
I flagged this article as of WP:WAF. It contains a lot of in-universe cruft with little information. —Onomatopoeia (talk) 09:54, 14 February 2008 (UTC)
* Cut out much original research, provided refs and made the article much less crufty. —Onomatopoeia (talk) 12:39, 14 February 2008 (UTC) | WIKI |
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/The Book of Pastoral Rule/Part III/Chapter 5
Chapter V.
How servants and masters are to be admonished.
(Admonition 6).  Differently to be admonished are servants and masters.  Servants, to wit, that they ever keep in view the humility of their condition; but masters, that they lose not recollection of their nature, in which they are constituted on an equality with servants.  Servants are to be admonished that they despise not their masters, lest they offend, if by behaving themselves proudly they gainsay His ordinance:  masters, too, are to be admonished, that they are proud against with respect to His gift, if they acknowledge not those whom they hold in subjection by reason of their condition to be their equals by reason of their community of nature.  The former are to be admonished to know themselves to be servants of masters; the latter are to be admonished to acknowledge themselves to be fellow-servants of servants.  For to those it is said, Servants, obey your masters according to the flesh (Coloss. iii. 22); and again, Let as many servants as are under the yoke count their masters worthy of all honour (1 Tim. vi. 1); but to these it is said, And ye, masters, do the same things unto them, forbearing threatening, knowing that both their and your Master is in heaven (Ephes. vi. 9). | WIKI |
001package jmri.jmrix.tams.swing.monitor;
002
003import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.SuppressFBWarnings;
004import java.util.Locale;
005import javax.annotation.CheckReturnValue;
006import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;
007import javax.annotation.ParametersAreNonnullByDefault;
008
009@ParametersAreNonnullByDefault
010@CheckReturnValue
011@SuppressFBWarnings(value = "NM_SAME_SIMPLE_NAME_AS_SUPERCLASS",justification="Desired pattern is repeated class names with package-level access to members")
012
013@javax.annotation.concurrent.Immutable
014
015/**
016 * Provides standard access for resource bundles in a package.
017 *
018 * Convention is to provide a subclass of this name
019 * in each package, working off the local resource bundle name.
020 *
021 * @author Bob Jacobsen Copyright (C) 2012
022 * @since 3.7.2
023 */
024public class Bundle extends jmri.jmrix.tams.swing.Bundle {
025
026 @CheckForNull private static final String name = null; // No local resources
027
028 //
029 // below here is boilerplate to be copied exactly
030 //
031
032 /**
033 * Provides a translated string for a given
034 * key from the package resource bundle or
035 * parent.
036 * <p>
037 * Note that this is intentionally package-local
038 * access.
039 *
040 * @param key Bundle key to be translated
041 * @return Internationalized text
042 */
043 static String getMessage(String key) {
044 return getBundle().handleGetMessage(key);
045 }
046 /**
047 * Merges user data with a translated string for a given
048 * key from the package resource bundle or
049 * parent.
050 * <p>
051 * Uses the transformation conventions of
052 * the Java MessageFormat utility.
053 * <p>
054 * Note that this is intentionally package-local
055 * access.
056 *
057 * @see java.text.MessageFormat
058 * @param key Bundle key to be translated
059 * @param subs One or more objects to be inserted into the message
060 * @return Internationalized text
061 */
062 static String getMessage(String key, Object ... subs) {
063 return getBundle().handleGetMessage(key, subs);
064 }
065
066 /**
067 * Merges user data with a translated string for a given key in a given
068 * locale from the package resource bundle or parent.
069 * <p>
070 * Uses the transformation conventions of the Java MessageFormat utility.
071 * <p>
072 * Note that this is intentionally package-local access.
073 *
074 * @see java.text.MessageFormat
075 * @param locale The locale to be used
076 * @param key Bundle key to be translated
077 * @param subs One or more objects to be inserted into the message
078 * @return Internationalized text
079 */
080 static String getMessage(Locale locale, String key, Object... subs) {
081 return getBundle().handleGetMessage(locale, key, subs);
082 }
083
084 private final static Bundle b = new Bundle();
085 @Override @CheckForNull protected String bundleName() {return name; }
086 protected static jmri.Bundle getBundle() { return b; }
087
088 @Override
089 protected String retry(Locale locale,String key) {
090 return super.getBundle().handleGetMessage(locale,key);
091 }
092
093} | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Rhydderch ap Dyfnwal
Rhydderch ap Dyfnwal (fl. 971) was an eminent tenth-century Cumbrian who slew Cuilén mac Illuilb, King of Alba in 971. Rhydderch was possibly a son of Dyfnwal ab Owain, King of Strathclyde, and could have ruled as King of Strathclyde. Rhydderch appears on record in about 971, when he is said to have killed Cuilén mac Illuilb, King of Alba, a man said to have abducted and raped Rhydderch's daughter. Following Cuilén's death, the Cumbrian Kingdom of Strathclyde endured an invasion by Cuilén's successor, Cináed mac Maíl Choluim, King of Alba. This Scottish attack could have been a retaliatory raid for Rhydderch's actions, and may have been undertaken in the context of restoring Scottish authority over the Cumbrian realm. If Rhydderch ever ruled as king it must have been before 973, when Dyfnwal's son, Máel Coluim, is accorded the title king.
Attestation
Rhydderch flourished during the reign of Cuilén mac Illuilb, King of Alba. The latter's undisputed reign as King of Alba seems to have spanned from 966 to 971, and appears to have been relatively uneventful. Cuilén's death in 971 is noted by several sources. According to the ninth- to twelfth-century Chronicle of the Kings of Alba, he and his brother, Eochaid, were killed by Britons. The fifteenth- to sixteenth-century Annals of Ulster also reports that Cuilén fell in battle against Britons, whilst the twelfth-century Chronicon Scotorum specifies that Britons killed him within a burning house. The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba locates Cuilén's fall to "Ybandonia". Although this might refer to Abington in South Lanarkshire, a more likely location may be preserved by the twelfth- to thirteenth-century Chronicle of Melrose. This source states that Cuilén was killed at "Loinas", a placename which seems to refer to either Lothian or the Lennox, both plausible locations for an outbreak of hostilities between Scots and Britons. In any event, the account of Cuilén's demise preserved by the twelfth-century Prophecy of Berchán is somewhat different. According to this source, Cuilén met his end whilst "seeking a foreign land", which could indicate that he was attempting to lift taxes from the Cumbrians. The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba identifies Cuilén's killer as Rhydderch, describing him as the son of a man named Dyfnwal, and further reports that Rhydderch slew Cuilén for the sake of his own daughter. The thirteenth-century Verse Chronicle, the Chronicle of Melrose, and the fourteenth-century Chronica gentis Scotorum likewise identify Cuilén's killer as Rhydderch, the father of an abducted daughter raped by the king.
Identification and context
There is reason to suspect that Rhydderch was a son of Dyfnwal ab Owain, King of Strathclyde. Although there is no specific evidence that Rhydderch was himself a king, the fact that Cuilén was involved with his daughter, coupled with the fact that his warband was evidently strong enough to overcome that of Cuilén, suggests that Rhydderch must have been a man of eminent standing. At about the time of Cuilén's demise, a granddaughter of Dyfnwal could well have been in her teens or twenties, and it is possible that the recorded events refer to a visit by the King of Alba to the court of the King of Strathclyde. Such a visit may have taken place in the context of Cuilén exercising his lordship over the Britons. His dramatic death suggests that the Scots severely overstepped the bounds of hospitality, and could indicate that Rhydderch was compelled to fire his own hall. Certainly, such killings are not unknown in Icelandic and Irish sources. The Lothian placename of West Linton appears as Lyntun Ruderic in the twelfth century. The fact that the place name seems to refer to a man named Rhydderch could indicate that this was the place where Cuilén and Eochaid met their end. Another possible scenario concerns the record of Cuilén's father's seizure of Edinburgh preserved by the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba, a conquest which would have included at least part of Lothian. The records that appear to locate Cuilén's fall to Lothian, therefore, could indicate that he was in the midst of exercising overlordship of this debatable land when Rhydderch seized the chance to exact revenge upon the abductor of his daughter.
Rhydderch is only attested in sources outlining Cuilén's demise and is not heard of again. Cuilén was succeeded by Cináed mac Maíl Choluim, a fellow member of the Alpínid dynasty. One of Cináed's first acts as King of Alba was evidently an invasion of the Kingdom of Strathclyde. This campaign could well have been a retaliatory response to Cuilén's killing, carried out in the context of crushing a British affront to Scottish authority. Whatever the case, Cináed's invasion ended in defeat, a fact which coupled with Cuilén's killing reveals that the Cumbrian realm was indeed a power to be reckoned with. According to the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba, Cináed constructed some sort of fortification on the River Forth, perhaps at the strategically located Fords of Frew near Stirling. One possibility is that this engineering project was undertaken in the context of limiting Cumbrian incursions.
Whilst it is conceivable that Rhydderch could have succeeded Dyfnwal by the time of Cuilén's fall, another possibility is that Dyfnwal was still the king, and that Cináed's strike into Cumbrian territory was the last conflict of Dyfnwal's reign. In fact, Dyfnwal's son Máel Coluim seems to have taken up the Cumbrian kingship by 973, as evidenced by the latter's act of apparent submission to Edgar, King of the English that year. This could indicate that, if Rhydderch was indeed a son of Dyfnwal, he was either dead or unable to reign as king by 973. Rhydderch's name appears in many variations in surviving sources. Whilst some of these names appear to be forms of Rhydderch, an established British name, others are apparently forms of Amdarch, an otherwise unknown name that may be the result of textual corruptions. | WIKI |
ROBPCA
ROBPCA: A New Approach to Robust Principal Component Analysis. We introduce a new method for robust principal component analysis (PCA). Classical PCA is based on the empirical covariance matrix of the data and hence is highly sensitive to outlying observations. Two robust approaches have been developed to date. The first approach is based on the eigenvectors of a robust scatter matrix such as the minimum covariance determinant or an S-estimator and is limited to relatively low-dimensional data. The second approach is based on projection pursuit and can handle high-dimensional data. Here we propose the ROBPCA approach, which combines projection pursuit ideas with robust scatter matrix estimation. ROBPCA yields more accurate estimates at noncontaminated datasets and more robust estimates at contaminated data. ROBPCA can be computed rapidly, and is able to detect exact-fit situations. As a by-product, ROBPCA produces a diagnostic plot that displays and classifies the outliers. We apply the algorithm to several datasets from chemometrics and engineering.
References in zbMATH (referenced in 37 articles )
Showing results 1 to 20 of 37.
Sorted by year (citations)
1 2 next
1. Heylen, Joke; van Mechelen, Iven; Verduyn, Philippe; Ceulemans, Eva: KSC-N: clustering of hierarchical time profile data (2016)
2. Schmitt, Eric; Vakili, Kaveh: The FastHCS algorithm for robust PCA (2016)
3. Fusco, Elisa: Enhancing non-compensatory composite indicators: a directional proposal (2015)
4. Hubert, Mia; Rousseeuw, Peter; Segaert, Pieter: Rejoinder to `Multivariate functional outlier detection’ (2015)
5. Harris, Paul; Brunsdon, Chris; Charlton, Martin; Juggins, Steve; Clarke, Annemarie: Multivariate spatial outlier detection using robust geographically weighted methods (2014)
6. Hubert, M.; Rousseeuw, P.; Vakili, K.: Shape bias of robust covariance estimators: an empirical study (2014)
7. Lim, Yaeji; Park, Yeonjoo; Oh, Hee-Seok: Robust principal component analysis via ES-algorithm (2014)
8. Xanthopoulos, Petros; Guarracino, Mario R.; Pardalos, Panos M.: Robust generalized eigenvalue classifier with ellipsoidal uncertainty (2014)
9. Morris, Katherine; McNicholas, Paul D.; Scrucca, Luca: Dimension reduction for model-based clustering via mixtures of multivariate $t$-distributions (2013)
10. Todorov, Valentin; Filzmoser, Peter: Comparing classical and robust sparse PCA (2013)
11. Turkmen, Asuman; Billor, Nedret: Partial least squares classification for high dimensional data using the PCOUT algorithm (2013)
12. Boudt, Kris; Cornelissen, Jonathan; Croux, Christophe: The Gaussian rank correlation estimator: robustness properties (2012)
13. Sawant, Pallavi; Billor, Nedret; Shin, Hyejin: Functional outlier detection with robust functional principal component analysis (2012)
14. Todorov, Valentin; Templ, Matthias; Filzmoser, Peter: Detection of multivariate outliers in business survey data with incomplete information (2011) ioport
15. Debruyne, Michiel; Hubert, Mia; Van Horebeek, Johan: Detecting influential observations in kernel PCA (2010)
16. Debruyne, Michiel; Verdonck, Tim: Robust kernel principal component analysis and classification (2010)
17. Hubert, Mia; Van der Veeken, Stephan: Robust classification for skewed data (2010)
18. Lanius, Vivian; Gather, Ursula: Robust online signal extraction from multivariate time series (2010)
19. Pires, Ana M.; Branco, João A.: Projection-pursuit approach to robust linear discriminant analysis (2010)
20. Branden, Karlien Vanden; Verboven, Sabine: Robust data imputation (2009)
1 2 next | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Enabling resource statistics and message flow statistics for the web user interface
When resource statistics or message flow statistics are enabled in the web user interface, subscriptions for JSON publications that are generated by the integration node are created. You can check the status of, and enable, the JSON publications to the web user interface.
About this task
You can use the following tasks to check and enable resource statistics collection and message flow statistics collection for the web user interface:
Checking the status of JSON publications
About this task
In IBM® Integration Bus Version 10.0, the JSON publications for resource statistics and message flow statistics are, by default, enabled. However, you might need to manually enable the output of the JSON publications for integration nodes that have been migrated to Version 10.0.
Procedure
Check the integration node properties that enable JSON publications by running the following 2 commands from the IBM Integration Console on Windows, or the command line on other operating systems. integrationNodeName is the name of your integration node.
1. mqsireportproperties integrationNodeName -b pubsub -o MQTTServer -a
The command returns a response similar to the following example:
MQTTServer
enabled='true'
port='11893'
2. mqsireportproperties integrationNodeName -b pubsub -o OperationalEvents/MQTT -a
The command returns a response similar to the following example:
MQTT
policyUrl=''
enabled='true'
Enabling JSON publications
About this task
If the responses to the mqsireportproperties commands in the previous task indicate that JSON publications are not enabled, you can activate JSON publications by using the mqsichangeproperties command.
Procedure
1. Enable JSON publications by running the following 2 commands from the IBM Integration Console on Windows, or the command line on other operating systems. integrationNodeName is the name of your integration node.
1. mqsichangeproperties integrationNodeName -b pubsub -o MQTTServer -n enabled -v true
2. mqsichangeproperties integrationNodeName -b pubsub -o OperationalEvents/MQTT -n enabled -v true
2. To ensure that the changes take effect, restart the integration node. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Draft:Megan Cavallari
Megan Cavallari (born February 13 1965) is an American composer, lyricist, producer, and writer best known for her work in film, television, and musical theater. She is from Delaware County, Pennsylvania.
Career
Early Career
Cavallari graduated from New York University with a B.S. in Music Composition in 1987 and then attended the university's Graduate Musical Theatre Writing Program, graduating in 1991. While working on her undergraduate degree she won the prestigious Founders' Day Award. After graduating she moved to Los Angeles, California and worked as an assistant to composer Danny Elfman on The Nightmare Before Christmas and other films including Delores Claiborne. She later went on to work as an assistant to composer Jerry Goldsmith.
Musical Theater
Cavallari wrote music and served as co-lyricist alongside playwright Paul-Hildago Durand for the musical Echo Park, produced by Oskar Eustis in 1992. She also wrote songs alongside David Goldsmith to create Hot Shoe Shuffle, a revision of the 1992 Australian musical Hot Shoe Shuffle. She composed songs for the musical The Game with Amy Powers and David Topchik, which was produced at Barrington Stage Company in August 2003 and produced again in 2011.
Cavallari is currently writing writing a new musical inspired by Holocaust heroine Irena Sendler with book writer and co-lyricist Kait Kerrigan.
Film and Television
Cavallari has also written songs for film and television including "I Am a Girl Like You" for Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper (2004). She has also composed songs for Barbie franchise films including Barbie as the Island Princess (2007) and Barbie: The Princess & the Popstar (2012). Cavallari wrote a song for the 2011 film The Family Tree. She also has provided songs for television shows including Me, Eloise, Handy Manny, All Dogs Go to Heaven, Sid the Science Kid, Little People, Street Sharks, Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child, and Higglytown Heroes. She has also composed the score for the films including Life After Tomorrow, Love Street (1992 film), The Road Rebellion (2015 documentary), Triggerfish (2015 film) , and A Christmas Carol (1997 film) (co-scored with John Campbell). She has recently completed work co-scoring for the short film The Oh Gees and has collaborated on a song for the 2022 film The Hyperions.
Albums
Cavallari provided two songs for the 2007 album "Broadway Bound," released by Varese Sarabande. She served as an arranger and conductor for the album Mathis on Broadway. She worked as an assistant on several Danny Elfman albums including The Nightmare Before Christmas, Music for a Darkened Theatre: Film & Television Music Volume Two, and the Danny Elfman & Tim Burton 25th Anniversary Music Box.
Other Work
Cavallari has provided commercial music for the Los Angeles Kings hockey team. She is also a published writer and a member of the Industry Expert Advisory Group at the Tell School of Music at Millersville University.
She also appeared as herself in the 2006 documentary Finding Kraftland.
Awards
Cavallari is the recipient of two Telly Awards for Best Score and Best Song, a Cynopsis International Press Award for Best Score and Best Main Title, 3 BMI Awards, 2 ASCAP Awards, and the LA Women's Theatre Festival Integrity Award in 2017. She also won two IRNE Awards for her work on The Game and the FAHF Humanitarian Award in 2016.
She is a member of the League of Professional Theater Women and The National Association of Musical Theater. | WIKI |
Generate image datasets using Dall·E
This notebook explores how we can use generative AI to create datasets which don't exist yet. This can be a good starting point for your project if you have not collected or cannot collect the data required. It is important to note the limitations of generative AI still apply here, biases can be introduced through your prompts, results can include "hallucinations" and quality control is important.
This example uses the OpenAI API to call the Dall-E image generation tool, it explores both generation and variation but there are other tools such as editing which could also be useful for augmenting an existing dataset.
There is also a video version of this tutorial:
We have wrapped this example into a Transformation Block (Enterprise Feature) to make it even easier to generate images and upload them to your organization. See: https://github.com/edgeimpulse/example-transform-Dall-E-images
Local Software Requirements
• Python 3
• Pip package manager
• Jupyter Notebook: https://jupyter.org/install
• pip packages (install with pip installpackagename):
• openai https://pypi.org/project/openai/
! pip install openai
# Imports
import openai
import os
import requests
# Notebook Imports
from IPython.display import Image
from IPython.display import display
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg
Set up OpenAI API
First off you will need to set up and Edge Impulse account and create your first project.
You will also need to create an API Key for OpenAI: https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/authentication
# You can set your API key and org as environment variables in your system like this:
# os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = 'api string'
# Set up OpenAI API key and organization
openai.api_key = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
Generate your first image
The API takes in a prompt, number of images and a size
image_prompt = "A webcam image of a human 1m from the camera sitting at a desk showing that they are wearing gloves with their hands up to the camera."
# image_prompt = "A webcam image of a person 1m from the camera sitting at a desk with their bare hands up to the camera."
# image_prompt = "A webcam image of a human 1m from the camera sitting at a desk showing that they are wearing wool gloves with their hands up to the camera."
response = openai.Image.create(
prompt=image_prompt,
n=1,
size="256x256",
)
Image(url=response["data"][0]["url"])
Generate some variations of this image
The API also has a variations call which takes in an existing images and creates variations of it. This could also be used to modify existing images.
response2 = openai.Image.create_variation(
image=requests.get(response['data'][0]['url']).content,
n=3,
size="256x256"
)
imgs = []
for img in response2['data']:
imgs.append(Image(url=img['url']))
display(*imgs)
Generate a dataset:
Here we are iterate through a number of images and variations to generate a dataset based on the prompts/labels given.
labels = [{"prompt": "A webcam image of a human 1m from the camera sitting at a desk showing that they are wearing wool gloves with their hands up to the camera.",
"label": "gloves"},
{"prompt": "A webcam image of a person 1m from the camera sitting at a desk with their bare hands up to the camera.",
"label": "no-gloves"}
]
output_folder = "output"
base_images_number = 10
variation_per_image = 3
# Check if output directory for noisey files exists and create it if it doesn't
if not os.path.exists(output_folder):
os.makedirs(output_folder)
for option in labels:
for i in range(base_images_number):
response = openai.Image.create(
prompt=option["prompt"],
n=1,
size="256x256",
)
try:
img = response["data"][0]["url"]
with open(f'{output_folder}/{option["label"]}.{img.split("/")[-1]}.png', 'wb+') as f:
f.write(requests.get(img).content)
response2 = openai.Image.create_variation(
image=requests.get(img).content,
n=variation_per_image,
size="256x256"
)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
for img in response2['data']:
try:
with open(f'{output_folder}/{option["label"]}.{img["url"].split("/")[-1]}.png', 'wb') as f:
f.write(requests.get(img["url"]).content)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
Plot all the output images:
import os
# Define the folder containing the images
folder_path = './output'
# Get a list of all the image files in the folder
image_files = [f for f in os.listdir(folder_path) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(folder_path, f)) and f.endswith('.png')]
# Set up the plot
fig, axs = plt.subplots(nrows=20, ncols=20, figsize=(10, 10))
# Loop through each image and plot it in a grid cell
for i in range(20):
for j in range(20):
img = mpimg.imread(os.path.join(folder_path, image_files[i*10+j]))
axs[i,j].imshow(img)
axs[i,j].axis('off')
# Make the plot look clean
fig.subplots_adjust(hspace=0, wspace=0)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
These files can then be uploaded to a project with these commands (run in a separate terminal window):
! cd output
! edge-impulse-uploader .
(run edge-impulse-uploader --clean if you have used the CLI before to reset the target project)
What next?
Now you can use your images to create an image classification model on Edge Impulse.
Why not try some other OpenAI calls, 'edit' could be used to take an existing image and translate it into different environments or add different humans to increase the variety of your dataset. https://platform.openai.com/docs/guides/images/usage
Last updated | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The Cornwall coast.djvu/76
70 THE CORNWALL COAST fishing-ports on the Cornish coast, and though it has not quite maintained its relative position, it is not done with yet. The town can also boast some fame as the Aberalva of Kingsley's Tioo Tears Ago, a book once far more popular than it is to-day. The same claim has been made for Clovelly ; but though some features in the novelist's description may be applied equally to both, there are other points that can only be attributed to Mevagissey. Kingsley, who wrote the book fifty years since, says : " Between two ridges of high pebble bank some twenty yards apart, comes Alva River rushing to the sea. On the opposite ridge, a low white house, with three or four white canvas-covered boats and a flagstaff with sloping crossyard, betokens the coastguard station. Be- yond it rise black jagged cliffs ; mile after mile of iron-bound wall : and here and there, at the glens' mouths, great banks and denes of shifting sand. . . . Above, a green down stretches up to bright yellow furze-crofts far aloft. Behind, a reedy marsh, covered with red cattle, paves the valley till it closes in ; the steep sides of the hill are clothed in oak and ash covert. . . . Pleasant little glimpses there are, too, of gray stone farm- houses, nestling among sycamore and beech ; bright green meadows, alder-fringed ; squares of rich fallow-field, parted by lines of golden furze ; all cut out with a peculiar blackness and clearness, soft and tender withal, which betokens a climate surcharged with rain. Only, in the very bosom of the valley, a soft mist hangs, increasing the sense of distance, and softening back one hill and wood behind another, till the great brown moor which backs it all seems to rise out of the empty air. For a thousand feet it ranges up, in huge sheets | WIKI |
White tussock
White tussock
Nassella tenuissima (Poaceae)
Common Name:
White tussock
Scientific Name:
Nassella tenuissima (Poaceae)
Alternative common names:
Witpolgras (Afrikaans)
Description:
A compact, tufted perennial grass growing up to 1m high which turns distinctly white in winter. Fine, bristly leaves are rough to the touch. Slender, compact inflorescences 10-30cm long included in the tuft in January. Seed bristles often become entangled forming dense 'nests'.
Additional Information
Where does this species come from?
South America
What is its invasive status in South Africa?
Existing legislation: CARA 2002 - Category 1 NEMBA 2020 - Category 1b
Where does this species come from?
South America
Where in South Africa is it a problem?
Eastern Cape
How does it spread?
Seed dispersal.
Why is it a problem?
This grass can replace the natural veld once this has been disturbed. Replaces nutritive grazing with unpalatable tussock and therefore reduces the carrying capacity of the land. Sharp seed awns cause irritation of the skin.
What does it look like?
General description: A compact, tufted perennial grass growing up to 1m high and distinctly white in winter.
Leaves: Fine, bristly leaves that are rough to the touch.
Flowers: Slender, compact inflorescences 10-30cm long included in the tuft in January.
Fruit/seeds: Seed bristles often become entangled forming dense 'nests'.
Does the plant have any uses?
No.
Leave a Reply
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Davis: Ellison for DNC chair | TheHill
The race for chair of the Democratic National Committee is an important one. This is especially so when Democrats are the party in opposition to a Republican president, and especially when that president is Donald Trump, and thus there may need to be an almost daily public response or rebuttal from an effective national Democratic Party leader. The DNC chair will usually be one of the media’s first go-to Democratic leaders to challenge President TrumpDonald John TrumpO'Rourke: Trump driving global, U.S. economy into recession Manchin: Trump has 'golden opportunity' on gun reforms Objections to Trump's new immigration rule wildly exaggerated MORE — especially the all-important Sunday morning interview shows that can dominate headlines for the rest of the week. So, when I saw that Minnesota Rep. Keith Ellison had been endorsed by Senate Minority Leader Charles SchumerCharles (Chuck) Ellis SchumerLewandowski on potential NH Senate run: If I run, 'I'm going to win' Appropriators warn White House against clawing back foreign aid Colorado candidates vying to take on Gardner warn Hickenlooper they won't back down MORE (D-N.Y.) and most of the major leaders of organized labor, I decided to take a closer look at his candidacy for chair of the DNC. I knew he had supported Sen. Bernie SandersBernie SandersJoe Biden faces an uncertain path Bernie Sanders vows to go to 'war with white nationalism and racism' as president Biden: 'There's an awful lot of really good Republicans out there' MORE (I-Vt.) in the Democratic primaries over my preferred candidate and friend, Hillary ClintonHillary Diane Rodham ClintonLewandowski on potential NH Senate run: If I run, 'I'm going to win' Fighter pilot vs. astronaut match-up in Arizona could determine control of Senate Progressive Democrats' turnout plans simply don't add up MORE. I also knew he worked hard for Hillary, along with Sanders, in the general election throughout the country. So, I took the time to study his positions on the issues and talked to him on the phone for some time over Christmas break 2016. I liked what I saw and heard. First, I was impressed by his message, which should have appeal to working class and rural voters. He seems to understand their anxieties and fears regarding jobs losses due to trade and other factors, and articulates these issues well – which we Democrats need to do better in the months and years ahead. He certainly understood that, while he was part of the progressive Democratic Party base (as I am), we have to do better as a party by moving to the center and appealing to a broader electorate than our base. He also agreed with the approach of former DNC Chair Howard Dean – we need to strengthen our state and local parties at the grassroots, with an aim of a 50-state party strategy, not just focusing on Blue states. Second, when I talked to Ellison on the phone, I understood his broad appeal beyond our base. He speaks with humility about economic justice, respect for values and faith, and tolerance for views different than his. He is a good listener and comes across as humble and open-minded. He presents himself well on TV — a vital strength for DNC chair. Finally, I need to contradict some calls I received from Jewish Americans who believe Ellison is anti-Israel. This is false. Israel has enough real adversaries without mischaracterizing someone who is a true friend as an opponent. Recently, I read a strong endorsement of Ellison for DNC chair from 300 Jewish American leaders from across the country, including more than 100 rabbis. Ellison has publicly and strongly opposed the obscenely hypocritical “Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions” (BDS) movement, supported among fringe elements of the left and on college campuses. We all see the hypocrisy of these BDS supporters. They ignore Israel’s pro-civil rights, human rights, women’s rights and gay rights laws, and rule of law and democracy, and their silence on anti-human rights policies — especially the mistreatment of women — among surrounding Arab nations is deafening. Ellison has also publicly repudiated past positions, such as his brief association with the notorious anti-Semite Minister Louis Farrakhan during the days leading up to his Million Man March in 1995, 22 years ago. What he has done most recently is far more important: He voted in favor of the record $38 billion, 10-year military aid package for Israel. Like myself, Ellison supports a two-state solution, as stated in the National Democratic Convention platform — but only if that solution is “negotiated directly by the parties” and “guarantees Israel’s future as a secure and democratic Jewish state with recognized borders.” I have highlighted the word “Jewish” because that means the congressman understands the importance of Israel as the historic post-Holocaust homeland for Jews all over the world — a place where the Jewish people resided as a nation and a religion more than 3,000 years ago. I know and have great respect for other contenders for DNC chair. But I believe, as a former DNC member, that Ellison’s proven ability to win congressional elections with large numbers of rural and working class voters is a critical difference between him and the other candidates. We need a national chair with a 50-state strategy — red states, blue states and purple states. Ellison has shown he has the broader appeal that our party needs now more than ever. Corrected from a previous version. Davis is co-founder of both the Washington law firm Davis Goldberg Galper, PLLC and Trident DMG, a strategic media firm specializing in crisis management. He served as a member of the Democratic National Committee from Maryland from 1980–1992 and as a member of the DNC’s Executive Committee and Chair of the Eastern Region Caucus. He served as special counsel to former President Clinton from 1996–1998 and is a regular columnist for The Hill. The views expressed by this author are their own and are not the views of The Hill. View the discussion thread. The Hill 1625 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 tel | 202-628-8503 fax The contents of this site are ©2019 Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
File: qmail.c
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file content (125 lines) | stat: -rw-r--r-- 3,427 bytes parent folder | download | duplicates (8)
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#include "substdio.h"
#include "readwrite.h"
#include "wait.h"
#include "exit.h"
#include "fork.h"
#include "fd.h"
#include "qmail.h"
#include "auto_qmail.h"
static char *binqqargs[2] = { "bin/qmail-queue", 0 } ;
int qmail_open(qq)
struct qmail *qq;
{
int pim[2];
int pie[2];
if (pipe(pim) == -1) return -1;
if (pipe(pie) == -1) { close(pim[0]); close(pim[1]); return -1; }
switch(qq->pid = vfork()) {
case -1:
close(pim[0]); close(pim[1]);
close(pie[0]); close(pie[1]);
return -1;
case 0:
close(pim[1]);
close(pie[1]);
if (fd_move(0,pim[0]) == -1) _exit(120);
if (fd_move(1,pie[0]) == -1) _exit(120);
if (chdir(auto_qmail) == -1) _exit(61);
execv(*binqqargs,binqqargs);
_exit(120);
}
qq->fdm = pim[1]; close(pim[0]);
qq->fde = pie[1]; close(pie[0]);
substdio_fdbuf(&qq->ss,write,qq->fdm,qq->buf,sizeof(qq->buf));
qq->flagerr = 0;
return 0;
}
unsigned long qmail_qp(qq) struct qmail *qq;
{
return qq->pid;
}
void qmail_fail(qq) struct qmail *qq;
{
qq->flagerr = 1;
}
void qmail_put(qq,s,len) struct qmail *qq; char *s; int len;
{
if (!qq->flagerr) if (substdio_put(&qq->ss,s,len) == -1) qq->flagerr = 1;
}
void qmail_puts(qq,s) struct qmail *qq; char *s;
{
if (!qq->flagerr) if (substdio_puts(&qq->ss,s) == -1) qq->flagerr = 1;
}
void qmail_from(qq,s) struct qmail *qq; char *s;
{
if (substdio_flush(&qq->ss) == -1) qq->flagerr = 1;
close(qq->fdm);
substdio_fdbuf(&qq->ss,write,qq->fde,qq->buf,sizeof(qq->buf));
qmail_put(qq,"F",1);
qmail_puts(qq,s);
qmail_put(qq,"",1);
}
void qmail_to(qq,s) struct qmail *qq; char *s;
{
qmail_put(qq,"T",1);
qmail_puts(qq,s);
qmail_put(qq,"",1);
}
char *qmail_close(qq)
struct qmail *qq;
{
int wstat;
int exitcode;
qmail_put(qq,"",1);
if (!qq->flagerr) if (substdio_flush(&qq->ss) == -1) qq->flagerr = 1;
close(qq->fde);
if (wait_pid(&wstat,qq->pid) != qq->pid)
return "Zqq waitpid surprise (#4.3.0)";
if (wait_crashed(wstat))
return "Zqq crashed (#4.3.0)";
exitcode = wait_exitcode(wstat);
switch(exitcode) {
case 115: /* compatibility */
case 11: return "Denvelope address too long for qq (#5.1.3)";
case 31: return "Dmail server permanently rejected message (#5.3.0)";
case 51: return "Zqq out of memory (#4.3.0)";
case 52: return "Zqq timeout (#4.3.0)";
case 53: return "Zqq write error or disk full (#4.3.0)";
case 0: if (!qq->flagerr) return ""; /* fall through */
case 54: return "Zqq read error (#4.3.0)";
case 55: return "Zqq unable to read configuration (#4.3.0)";
case 56: return "Zqq trouble making network connection (#4.3.0)";
case 61: return "Zqq trouble in home directory (#4.3.0)";
case 63:
case 64:
case 65:
case 66:
case 62: return "Zqq trouble creating files in queue (#4.3.0)";
case 71: return "Zmail server temporarily rejected message (#4.3.0)";
case 72: return "Zconnection to mail server timed out (#4.4.1)";
case 73: return "Zconnection to mail server rejected (#4.4.1)";
case 74: return "Zcommunication with mail server failed (#4.4.2)";
case 91: /* fall through */
case 81: return "Zqq internal bug (#4.3.0)";
case 120: return "Zunable to exec qq (#4.3.0)";
default:
if ((exitcode >= 11) && (exitcode <= 40))
return "Dqq permanent problem (#5.3.0)";
return "Zqq temporary problem (#4.3.0)";
}
} | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Oregon Historical Quarterly volume 15.djvu/82
74 CHARLES. B. MOORES
It was at that critical time in the history of Canada when Louis J. Papineau, a statesman and orator of wonderful elo- quence, was stirring the French population to resist the ag- gressions of their British rulers. Under the spell of Papineau's eloquence, and moved by a keen sense of the wrongs of the French, Matthieu, boy that he was, soon found himself en- rolled as a member, and an officer, of the "Sons of Liberty," organized for resistance to the constituted authorities.
The incipient rebellion was short-lived. Matthieu's brief career in Canada ended in 1838 when, with the assistance of Dr. Fraser, an uncle of Dr. John McLoughlin, he was enabled to cross the border and enter the United States under a forged passport. Reaching Albany, N. Y., he found employment as a clerk. Later he went to Milwaukee, and thence to St. Louis, where he found service with the American Fur Company. His employment carried him as a trader among the Sioux and the Dakotas. Returning to St. Louis he outfitted as a free trapper and in 1840 went to the Arkansas at Bent's Fort, where he encountered Kit Carson and George Bent, the trapper captain.
The following Winter and Spring were spent trapping in the Black Hills. This life, however, did not appeal to him, and early in the Summer of 1842, at Fort Laramie, the opportunity offered to join Captain Hastings' Company of over 100 emi- grants bound for Oregon, among whom were Dr. Elijah White, A. L. Lovejoy, Medorem Crawford, Sidney W. Moss and others who were afterwards prominent in Oregon pioneer his- tory. Mr. Matthieu's familiarity with the language and the peculiarities of the Sioux made him an invaluable member of this company. After varied experiences, the farm of Dr. Whit- man at Waiilatpu was reached and 15 days were there pleas- antly spent in his companionship. The trip over the Cascades, after this visit, was the most trying and difficult of the entire journey. Oregon City was reached about the 25th day of September, 1842.
Learning there that there was a settlement of French Canadians about 15 miles up the Willamette Valley, near Champoeg, Mr. Matthieu continued his journey to this his- | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Pakinaka/Archive
Suspected sockpuppets
* ( original case name)
Checkuser requested to make certain. The focus here is on the Chinese actor Xiao Zhan. During August 17–18, Cranberrie.sauce reverted the same material 13 times, somehow avoiding a 3RR block. Pansha2 did the same edit during the flurry of reversions. If Pansha2 is confirmed by CU then this case should be moved to that older account name. The Pakinaka account was created later in August, and the first-ever edit was a continuation of the edit war. Lecoroman started in September and worked on a draft copy of the same disputed material at Draft:Best selling digital singles, finally trying it out in mainspace here, adding two instances of Xiao Zhan. Binksternet (talk) 14:56, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
Comments by other users
Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments
* - Mz7 (talk) 01:07, 14 October 2020 (UTC)
* Pakinaka and Lecoroman are to each other. Cranberrie.sauce and Pansha2 are ❌. Mz7 (talk) 01:12, 14 October 2020 (UTC)
* Moved to the older of the likely accounts. Blocked the sock indefinitely, master one week for using a sock in an edit war. GeneralNotability (talk) 15:12, 14 October 2020 (UTC) | WIKI |
A-level Computing/AQA/Paper 1/Skeleton program/AS2017
This is the skeleton code for the AQA AS Paper from 2017. This code is useful for those retaking, and can also be used as a practise for those taking a newer paper.
This is where suggestions can be made about what some of the questions might be, and how they can be solved in different programming languages. If you see that a solution to a question is missing in a language you use, be bold and add it!
Please be respectful and do not vandalise or tamper with the page, as this would affect students' preparation for their exams!
Python Solution
ALTERNATIVE
def SaveFile(Field): fileName = input('Enter desired file name: ') fileWrite = open(fileName,'w') count = 0 for Row in range(FIELDLENGTH): for Column in range(FIELDWIDTH): fileWrite.write(str(Field[Row][Column])) fileWrite.write('| ' + str(count) + '\n') count += 1 fileWrite.close
def Simulation: YearsToRun = GetHowLongToRun if YearsToRun != 0: Field = InitialiseField if YearsToRun >= 1: for Year in range(1, YearsToRun + 1): SimulateOneYear(Field, Year) else: Continuing = True Year = 0 while Continuing: Year += 1 SimulateOneYear(Field, Year) Response = input('Press Enter to run simulation for another Year, Input X to stop: ') if Response == 'x' or Response == 'X': Continuing = False writeChoice = input('Do you want to save the file (Y/N): ')#NEW if writeChoice == 'Y':#NEW SaveFile(Field)#NEW print('End of Simulation') input
* 1) edited simulation
Delphi/Pascal Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer :call method in simulationstatic void WriteFile(char[][] Field) { try { AQAWriteTextFile2017 FileHandle = new AQAWriteTextFile2017("test.txt"); for (int Row = 0; Row < FIELDLENGTH; Row++) { for (int Column = 0; Column < FIELDWIDTH; Column++) { String val = Character.toString(Field[Row][Column]); FileHandle.writeToTextFile(val, ""); } FileHandle.writeToTextFile(" "); } FileHandle.closeFile; } catch(Exception e) { CreateNewField(Field); } }
Java Solution 2
Answer :call method in simulation
C# Solution
Answer :
C# Solution 2 - the better one *if you don't want to load file again*
Answer :
Python Solution:
Answer :
Adding Rocks to the Simulation
Currently the rocks are defined as a constant but not used - we can either allow the user to enter a number of rocks to be randomly placed, or add a random number of rocks to the field.
Changing the seed position
This includes either allowing the player to set exact coordinates of the seed (which should also implement column letters), or spawn the seed in a random position.
C# Solution
Answer :
Answer 2 :
VB.Net Solution
Within, below the code that selects the number of rocks if that is in use.
Adding a new function:
Python Solution
This solution will require that you add to the start of the program.
Change the program so when you enter number of years it doesn't accept any character input and returns an error with another chance of input.
Change the program so when you enter number of years it doesn't accept any character input and returns an error with another chance of input.
C# Solution
Answer :
Delphi/Pascal Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer :
Python Solution
Answer :
VB.NET Solution
Answer :
Add functionality for plants that thrive on or require frost
Add functionality for plants that thrive on or require frost
C# Solution: Adds very frosty plants
Answer :
C# Solution: Adds frosty plants
Answer :
Delphi/Pascal Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer :
Python Solution
Answer :
VB.NET Solution
Answer :
Intelligent File Opening
When the program loads a file, if the user does not include the ".txt" extension, ensure that it is automagically added.
C# Solution
Answer :
Delphi/Pascal Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer :
Python Solution
Answer :
VB.NET Solution
Answer :
C# Solution
Answer :
C# Solution 2 (an easier on that requires less work and looks cooler!)
Answer :
static void Display(char[,] Field, string Season, int Year) { Console.WriteLine("Season: " + Season + " Year number: " + Year); String alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHI";
for (int column = 0; column < FIELDWIDTH; column++) { Console.Write(alphabet[column]); } Console.WriteLine; for (int Row = 0; Row < FIELDLENGTH; Row++) { for (int Column = 0; Column < FIELDWIDTH; Column++) { Console.Write(Field[Row, Column]); } Console.WriteLine("| " + String.Format("{0,3}", Row)); } }
C# Solution 3 (Solution 1 but uses vertical numbers instead of base 62 *works for field sizes larger than 62)
Answer :
Pascal Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer :
Python Solution
Answer 1: Answer 2: Answer 3: Answer 4: Vertical Columns Answer 5: Answer 6:
C# Solution
Answer :
const char BIRD = 'B'; // Addition of 'Bird
static void SimulateWinter(char[,] Field) { for (int Row = 0; Row < FIELDLENGTH; Row++) { for (int Column = 0; Column < FIELDWIDTH; Column++) { if (Field[Row, Column] == PLANT) { Field[Row, Column] = SOIL; } } } Random rnd = new Random; // Random variable 'rnd' int BirdFlight = rnd.Next(0, FIELDWIDTH); for (int Row = 0; Row < FIELDLENGTH; Row++) //Random Column Selected between 0 and FIELDLENGTH { if (Field[Row, BirdFlight] == SEED) // Change SEED to BIRD { Field[Row, BirdFlight] = BIRD; } } }
static void SimulateOneYear(char[,] Field, int Year) { SimulateSpring(Field); Display(Field, "spring", Year); SimulateSummer(Field); Display(Field, "summer", Year); SimulateAutumn(Field); Display(Field, "autumn", Year); SimulateWinter(Field); Display(Field, "winter", Year); Console.WriteLine("A bird has flown down a column! All seeds in this column have been eaten!!"); //Adds a Message }
static void SimulateSpring(char[,] Field) { int PlantCount = 0; bool Frost = false; for (int Row = 0; Row < FIELDLENGTH; Row++) { for (int Column = 0; Column < FIELDWIDTH; Column++) { if (Field[Row, Column] == BIRD) // Changes any 'Bird' characters (B) to Soil. { Field[Row, Column] = SOIL; } if (Field[Row, Column] == SEED) { Field[Row, Column] = PLANT; } } }
Pascal Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer : static void SimulateBird(char[][] Field) { Random RandomInt = new Random; int PlantCount = 0; boolean Bird=false;
Python Solution
Answer :
VB.NET Solution
Answer : Function SimulateWinter(ByVal Field As Char) As Char Dim bcolumn As Integer For Row = 0 To FIELDLENGTH - 1 For Column = 0 To FIELDWIDTH - 1 If Field(Row, Column) = PLANT Then Field(Row, Column) = SOIL End If Next Next bcolumn = Rnd * 34 For row = 0 To 19 If Field(row, bcolumn) = SEED Then Field(row, bcolumn) = SOIL End If Next Return Field End Function 'Big up Newvic mandem u get me 'The Real Swifty $IBRAHIM$ THE ROADMAN69
Answer 2: Function SimulateWinter(ByVal Field As Char) As Char Dim AvianFeast As Integer = CInt(Math.Floor((FIELDWIDTH + 1) * Rnd)) Console.WriteLine("The birds are eating all the seeds in column " + CStr(AvianFeast + 1) + "!") For Row = 0 To FIELDLENGTH - 1 For Column = 0 To FIELDWIDTH - 1 If Field(Row, Column) = PLANT Then Field(Row, Column) = SOIL End If If Field(Row, Column) = SEED And Column = AvianFeast Then Field(Row, Column) = SOIL End If Next Next
Return Field End Function 'Like Chilli Memes on Facebook 'by THE BIG POKESIE - discord pokesie#2884 add me <3
C# Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer:
Python Solution
Answer :
Another Answer :
C# Solution
Answer :
Pascal Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer :
Python Solution
Answer 1: Answer :
VB.NET Solution
Answer : 'to start the tornado Function SimulateSummer(ByVal Field As Char) As Char Dim RainFall, tornado As Integer Dim PlantCount As Integer RainFall = Int(Rnd * 3) tornado = Int(Rnd * 10) If tornado = 1 Then Console.WriteLine("A tornado occurs") Tornadoo(Field) End If If RainFall = 0 Then PlantCount = 0 For Row = 0 To FIELDLENGTH - 1 For Column = 0 To FIELDWIDTH - 1 If Field(Row, Column) = PLANT Then PlantCount += 1 If PlantCount Mod 2 = 0 Then Field(Row, Column) = SOIL End If End If Next Next Console.WriteLine("There has been a severe drought") CountPlants(Field) End If Return Field End Function 'how the tornado works Sub Tornadoo(ByRef Field As Char) Dim column, row, plants, rock, prow, pcolumn, srow, scolumn As Integer column = Int(Rnd * 24 + 5) row = Int(Rnd * 10 + 5) For count = row - 5 To row + 5 For count2 = column - 5 To column + 5 If Field(count, count2) = PLANT Then Field(count, count2) = SOIL ElseIf Field(count, count2) = SEED Then plants = plants + 1 Field(count, count2) = SOIL ElseIf Field(count, count2) = ROCKS Then rock = rock + 1 Field(count, count2) = SOIL End If Next Next For count = 0 To plants prow = Rnd * 10 + (row - 5) pcolumn = Rnd * 10 + (column - 5) Field(prow, pcolumn) = SEED Next For count = 0 To pcolumn srow = Rnd * 10 + (row - 5) scolumn = Rnd * 10 + (column - 5) Field(srow, scolumn) = ROCKS Next End Sub ~ 'Big up NewVic man dem 'The Real Swifty ~
Python Solution
Answer 1:
Python Solution
Answer 2:
Python Solution
Answer 3:
Python Solution
Answer 4:
Java Solution
Answer:
C# Solution
Answer 1:
Answer 2:
VB.Net Solution
Answer 1:
Implement Season 0, i.e. show the state of the field when the seed is sown - at the start of Spring
[i.e. When the simulation starts, the first field shown is the state of the field at the END of Spring. If you start, for example, with the TestCase.txt file, you will not see the field as it is in the TestCase.txt file, but only once Spring has sprung. This amendment requires the simulation to show the point when Spring starts and then continues as before. Thus, any test file used as the starting point will be shown as Season 0 (to confirm that the field state is as it should be when the test file is read, and the simulation then continues. Hope this is a clearer explanation. Apologies if this has simply muddied the water.]
I've read this at least 40 times and I still have no idea what this question means.
I think this will come up - Excellent question.
ARA
VB.NET Solution
Answer :
Java Solution
Answer:
C# Solution
Answer :
Python Solution
Answer : | WIKI |
User:Qytz/Fairy chess pieces (diagrams)
This is a diagram base of as many fairy chess pieces as possible (I'll get started sometime soon). Qytz (talk) 14:23, 6 March 2023 (UTC) | WIKI |
Some string operations : String « Data Types « C# / C Sharp
Some string operations
Some string operations
/*
C#: The Complete Reference
by Herbert Schildt
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/
// Some string operations.
using System;
public class StrOps {
public static void Main() {
string str1 =
"When it comes to .NET programming, C# is #1.";
string str2 = string.Copy(str1);
string str3 = "C# strings are powerful.";
string strUp, strLow;
int result, idx;
Console.WriteLine("str1: " + str1);
Console.WriteLine("Length of str1: " +
str1.Length);
// create upper- and lowercase versions of str1
strLow = str1.ToLower();
strUp = str1.ToUpper();
Console.WriteLine("Lowercase version of str1:\n " +
strLow);
Console.WriteLine("Uppercase version of str1:\n " +
strUp);
Console.WriteLine();
// display str1, one char at a time.
Console.WriteLine("Display str1, one char at a time.");
for(int i=0; i < str1.Length; i++)
Console.Write(str1[i]);
Console.WriteLine("\n");
// compare strings
if(str1 == str2)
Console.WriteLine("str1 == str2");
else
Console.WriteLine("str1 != str2");
if(str1 == str3)
Console.WriteLine("str1 == str3");
else
Console.WriteLine("str1 != str3");
result = str1.CompareTo(str3);
if(result == 0)
Console.WriteLine("str1 and str3 are equal");
else if(result < 0)
Console.WriteLine("str1 is less than str3");
else
Console.WriteLine("str1 is greater than str3");
Console.WriteLine();
// assign a new string to str2
str2 = "One Two Three One";
// search string
idx = str2.IndexOf("One");
Console.WriteLine("Index of first occurrence of One: " + idx);
idx = str2.LastIndexOf("One");
Console.WriteLine("Index of last occurrence of One: " + idx);
}
}
Related examples in the same category
1.Is Palindrome
2.create some strings
3.use the Concat() method to concatenate strings
4.use the addition operator (+) to concatenate strings
5.use the Copy() method to copy a string
6.use the Join() method to join strings
7.use the StartsWith() and EndsWith() methods to check if a string contains a specified substring at the start and end
8.use the Substring() method to retrieve substrings
9.use the Trim(), TrimStart(), and TrimEnd() methods to trim strings
10.use the PadLeft() and PadRight() methods to align strings
11.Decoding a Base64-encoded BinaryDecoding a Base64-encoded Binary
12.From Base 64 Decode StringFrom Base 64 Decode String
13.Using Strings
14.Creating Strings
15.string: Changing Charactersstring: Changing Characters
16.Removing CharactersRemoving Characters
17.Padding StringsPadding Strings
18.Joining StringsJoining Strings
19.Extracting SubstringsExtracting Substrings
20.String Concatenation 2String Concatenation 2
21.Substring demoSubstring demo
22.Trimming String SpacesTrimming String Spaces
23.Introduce stringIntroduce string
24.Display the digits of an integer using wordsDisplay the digits of an integer using words
25.Use Substring() 1Use Substring() 1
26.A string can control a switch statementA string can control a switch statement
27.Illustrates the use of strings 1Illustrates the use of strings 1
28.String ManipulationString Manipulation
29.String Manipulation ConcatenateString Manipulation Concatenate
30.String copyString copy
31.String Copy, End With and InsertString Copy, End With and Insert
32.Demonstrate escape sequences in strings. Demonstrate escape sequences in strings.
33.Demonstrate verbatim literal stringsDemonstrate verbatim literal strings
34.Display a string in reverse by using recursionDisplay a string in reverse by using recursion
35.Demonstrate Concat()Demonstrate Concat()
36.Demonstrate Concat() 2Demonstrate Concat() 2
37.Trimming and paddingTrimming and padding
38.Use Substring() 2Use Substring() 2
39.Strings: Regular ExpressionsStrings: Regular Expressions
40.String InterningString Interning
41.Lexical DetailsLexical Details | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Sergei Dolgopolov MD General Surgeon NYC
Valery Dronsky MD General Surgeon NYC
Roman Grinberg MD General Surgeon NYC
• best-general-surgeons-ues-nyc
Surgical Experts Dedicated to Improving Lives
At Lenox Hill Surgeons, our dedicated team of nyc surgeons and medical professionals provide compassionate care with the highest ethical & professional standards. In our state of the art facility, we offer surgical services using only the most cutting edge and current procedures and treatments.We specialize in general surgery. Our expertise is in minimally invasive surgery and robotic surgery. Minimally invasive and robotic surgery often allow patients to experience easier recovery than traditional open surgery. They also allow for more precise and less traumatic surgery. When robotic and minimally invasive surgery is not an option, we are also skilled and experienced in traditional open surgical procedures.
All of our doctors are experienced and skilled surgeons having undergone extensive training in school, residency and fellowships. They all practice medicine with ethical behavior, compassion and superb bedside manner. In the operating room they all exhibit precise mechanical abilities, analytical thinking and the ability to visualize tissue in three dimensions. These innate and learned skills allow our surgeons to be some of the most dexterous and skilled professionals in all of New York City and the Country.
Category Archives: Splenectomy
Recovering After a Splenectomy
splenectomyA splenectomy is a surgical procedure where the spleen is removed. Most of you will have heard of a spleen, but surprisingly few people know where it is or what it does. The spleen is located under the left rib cage, near the stomach. It is a small organ, about the size of a human fist, and it plays an important role in mediating the body’s autoimmune response. The spleen stores white blood cells, which are the frontline of the body’s autoimmune defenses, as when the body detects bacteria or infection it releases white blood cells to fight them. It also plays a role in recycling old red blood cells to ensure that the body’s circulatory system remains healthy.
Laparoscopy vs. Open Surgery
splenectomyThere are two types of splenectomy: laparoscopic and open surgery. Open surgery is the traditional approach where a large incision is made for the surgeon to gain access to the necessary area. Laparoscopic surgery, on the other hand, is a form of minimally invasive surgery, also known as keyhole surgery, and is designed to minimize both the immediate discomfort of the operation and the time required to recuperate.
Because of the shorter hospital stay required for spleen surgery NYC, laparoscopic surgeries are often preferred by hospitals, as they require far fewer resources and are cheaper overall. Patients also prefer this method for the shorter recuperation period and much lower incidence of side effects and complications.
Unfortunately, not all patients are suitable candidates for laparoscopic surgery; it depends largely on the patient’s health and the nature of the problem with their spleen.
Recovery Period
splenectomyAfter the surgery, a hospital stay will be required. The duration of this stay is dependant upon the type of surgery the patient has had and how well it went. Those who have had open surgery will require a longer stay, usually a week or so, whereas a laparoscopic patient will require less.
After leaving the hospital, the recuperation period is usually around five weeks. Some patients will be advised to avoid baths during the recuperation period to allow the wound to heal more quickly; showers are usually OK though.
Complications
Fortunately, complications from splenectomies are rare and patients can live full lives without their spleen. However, as the spleen is involved in the body’s autoimmune response, once it is removed the patient will become more susceptible to infections. Of particular concern are those that cause pneumonia, meningitis, and influenza.
For a consultation on the most appropriate form of splenectomy for you, drop into one of our spleen surgery NYC clinics for a consultation. Speak with the best general surgeons in NYC.
Contact us at 646-846-1136 to schedule an appointment. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Title
Testosterone stimulates the expression of male-typical socio-sexual and song behaviors in female budgerigars (**Melopsittacus undulatus**) : an experimental study Testosterone stimulates the expression of male-typical socio-sexual and song behaviors in female budgerigars (**Melopsittacus undulatus**) : an experimental study
Author
Faculty/Department
Faculty of Sciences. Biology
Publication type
article
Publication
New York ,
Source (journal)
General and comparative endocrinology. - New York
General and comparative endocrinology. - New York
Volume/pages
178(2012) , p. 82-88
ISSN
0016-6480
ISI
000306386900010
Carrier
E
Target language
English (eng)
Full text (Publishers DOI)
Affiliation
University of Antwerp
Abstract
The hormonal control of sex differences in behavior has been extensively studied, particularly in mammals and birds. Studies have shown that the activational potential of the androgenic sex steroid testosterone (T) on male-typical behaviors in females seems to be species- as well as behavior-specific in birds. It is therefore important to study the activational effects of T in a great variety of bird species and on a wide range of behaviors, preferably in social conditions that favor their expression. Here, we investigated the activational effects of T on vocal, socio-sexual (i.e. affiliative and non-vocal courtship behaviors), aggressive and approach behavior in females of the budgerigar, Melopsittacus undulatus, a highly social monogamous parrot species. We experimentally supplemented T-females with male-like plasma T levels compared to controls. First, we observed females when they were individually housed. We found that Tfemales performed male-like levels of warbling song, sang significantly longer, but not more song bouts and produced more socio-sexual behaviors than controls. Then, we consecutively confronted females with a female, a dummy, and a male conspecific. T-females showed a significantly shorter latency to interact in all three social contexts. In both intrasexual and intersexual contexts, T-females performed significantly higher levels of approach and socio-sexual behavior, including mounting (attempts), a strictly male behavior, which was not observed in control females. Aggression in a non-reproductive context did not appear to be sensitive to T supplementation. Our data indicate that in the budgerigar even marked sex differences in socio-sexual behavior may depend on the activational effects of T, while this is generally not the case in other species.
E-info
https://repository.uantwerpen.be/docman/iruaauth/a2a556/2bfa128054f.pdf
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http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000306386900010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=ef845e08c439e550330acc77c7d2d848
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000306386900010&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=ef845e08c439e550330acc77c7d2d848
Handle | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
LDAP sync group containing subgroup
0
Hi, My LDAP/AD users are in a certain group, and a few of them are in a subgroup of that group. So most users are in OU=SBSUsers,OU=Users,OU=MyBusiness,DC=MyCompany,DC=local and some are in OU=SomeSubGroup,OU=SBSUsers,OU=Users,OU=MyBusiness,DC=MyCompany,DC=local The login name is mapped to sAMAccountName. When I sync manually, an error is returned telling that that SomeSubGroup does not have the sAMAccountName field. Shouldn't the sync skip the subgroups (OU) and process just the users (CN)? Regards, Paul
asked
2 answers
0
Hi Paul,
Those items should indeed be skipped. We have a patch available for this issue, can file a support ticket including the ldap lib version and mendix version you are using?
answered
0
Hi Michel,
I've got the same problem as Paul, I'm using Modeler version 2.5.5.1 and LDAP Module version 1.2.4. Please provide me the solution or an update of LDAP Module needed for this.
Regards, Khunpon
answered | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Mr. García has won plaudits for his fusing of Mexican and French cuisine. He is also banned from the United States.
Eduardo García’s Path: Migrant Worker, Convict, Deportee, Star Chef
MEXICO CITY — As bad hombre tales go, Eduardo García’s is classic. A border-crossing Mexican immigrant, he moved around the United States through the better part a decade, harvesting the produce that most of us take for granted throughout what might be thought of as a stolen childhood. Starting at age 5, the unschooled Mr. García embarked on a journey that drew on native intelligence, natural gift and a willingness to take on backbreaking work to make something of himself — in his case, a chef. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Labeo trigliceps
Labeo trigliceps is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in the Athi River in Kenya. Its natural habitat is rivers. Its taxonomic status is uncertain and the specimens taken so far may be aberrant specimens of Labeo cylindricus. | WIKI |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 93.djvu/1709
370.60.. 370.64 '
370.72.. 370.76.. 370.80.. 370.84.. 370.88..
370.92.. 372.04.. 372.06.. 372.08.. 372.10.. 372.15.. 372.20.. 372.25.. 372.30 ' 372.35.. 372.40..
5* per lb. + 35% 5(t/lb. + 35%. ad val. 5it per lb. + 35% 5«/lb. + 35%. ad val. 25% ad val 25% 50 per lb. + 35% 5*/lb. + 35%. ad val. 50 per lb. + 35% 5*/lb. + 35%. ad val. 3% ad val 3% 1* each + 24% 1* each + ad val. 9% ad val 18% ad val 16% 25* per lb. + 25*/lb. + 16%. 16% ad val. 10% ad val 10%. 20% ad val 20%. 26% ad val 13% ad val 13%. 30% ad val 30%. 17% ad val 17%. 7.5% ad val 37.5* per lb. + 37.5t/lb. + 32%. 32% ad val. 37.5<|; per lb. + 37.5(t/lb. + 30%. 30% ad val. 37.5* per lb. + 37.5t/lb. + 20%. 20% ad val. 25* per lb. + 25(t/lb. + 21%.... 21% ad val.
5it/lb. + 35%
4t/lb. + 32%....
44/lb. + 29%.
3*/lb. + 26%
2*/lb. + 23%....
l*/lb. + 20%..,
It/lb. + 17%.'
5«/lb. + 35%
4t/lb. + 32.4%.
3*/lb. + 29.89i
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' The symbol "%" indicates percent ad valorem. The symbol "/" indicates per stated unit of quantity. For item 370, 16, the rates of duty after 1987 will be as follows; Effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1988—1.2* each + 27.1%. Effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1989—0.8c each + 25.2%. Effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1990—0.4(t each + 23.4%. Effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1991—21.5%. ' For item 370.; the rate of duty effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1988, will ' For item 370.! the rates of duty after 1987 will be as follows; Effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1988—16.6%. Effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1989—14%. = For item 370.f the rate of duty effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1988, will »For item 370.f the rate of duty effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1988, will ' For item 372.; the rate of duty effective with respect to articles entered on and after January 1, 1988, will
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Reflexology
Understanding reflexology
What is reflexology?
To begin with, reflexology is an alternative medicine therapy that is used to treat a wide range of conditions. In this regard, it is similar to practices like acupuncture or reiki insofar as it has very many adherents in Asia and the West, but it falls outside the scope of mainstream medicine. Another aspect of the practice that is common with other types of alternative or complementary therapy is that it is connected to a concept of inner life force. What a reflexologist is essentially doing during a treatment is manipulating this life force in the patient through a massage technique. Also known as zone therapy, the concept relies on the notion that the inner life force of people can be altered by massaging an area that corresponds to a part of the body. So, someone with a neck ache, for example, would not be massaged on their neck but elsewhere on their body – in other words, the corresponding reflex zone to the neck. Sometimes, multiple corresponding reflex zones can be massaged by a qualified reflexologist, but the practice is probably best-known for those that lie on the feet.
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Where did reflexology start?
It is agreed by most scholars that this form of therapy – or something very much like it – was first practised in ancient China. A book dating back to 1,000 or so BCE covers the idea of treating people for ailments through their feet, and this was known to have been used at the court of the Yellow Emperor of that time. The treatment style first began to be known about in the West in the 1300s when traders, such as Marco Polo, started to bring Chinese ideas to Europe. He is said to have had one of the key texts about reflexology translated at that time. However, it was not until the twentieth century that the practice began to catch on, notably in the United States, where some physicians started to use it as a means of pain relief that did not rely on anaesthetics.
How does reflexology work?
Reflexologists often disagree about the exact way that their massage therapies work. However, there is a fundamental aspect to all treatments, which is that there are ten zones of the body, half on the left-hand side and half on the right-hand side. Reflexologists are able to treat these zones by dealing with poor energy flows or blockages of what is known as chi. Sometimes also called qi, chi is the essential life force that flows through all things. So the theory goes, when someone is suffering from a blockage of chi in their body, so they will suffer from a corresponding ailment in that area. By manipulating the right reflexology point for that part of the body, so it is possible for the ailment to be treated. More accurately, the chi flow will be improved, which, in turn, will lead to fewer symptoms of the condition, so it is claimed.
Why have reflexology?
People choose to see a reflexologist for all sorts of reasons. In some cases, it may be because they have a chronic condition for which conventional medicine only provides partial relief. Someone with chronic pain in their back, for example, may not always want to handle their pain management with drugs, especially if so doing might leave them feeling drowsy. Like other alternative therapists, reflexologists can offer a different approach that may or may not work. Once people have tried it, they tend to find that the practice can be of great benefit and lead to a new lease of freedom. However, it is not just pain management that can be treated by reflexologists but a wide range of different ailments and conditions. In some cases, the effect may be psychological rather than physiological, but if it produces a positive result, then that is more than enough for many patients.
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Where is reflexology practised?
These days, reflexologists ply their trade all over the world. Although it is probably most popular in the country of its origin, China, it is now one of the main alternative therapies in TCM traditional Chinese medicine that westerners will turn to, along with acupuncture. In the main, reflexologists will have a treatment room they use. This might be in their own home, or it could be in a studio where all sorts of complementary treatments – both alternative and mainstream – are carried out. Either way, a treatment session will typically run from half an hour to an hour. Some of the treatment may take place by reflexologising the foot, while some practitioners will focus on the hands to manipulate the various zones of chi in the body. Once you have learned the basics, it is even possible to reflexologise yourself by massaging one hand with the other to produce some remarkable results!
Is reflexology when pregnant possible?
Yes, it is. Most reflexologists would state that it is perfectly safe for both the mother-to-be and her unborn baby to undergo a treatment during pregnancy. Like many other complementary treatments, there is nothing invasive about the practice, and the area where the baby is growing would not need to be touched at all. That said, some reflexologists are cautious about treating women who are pregnant. These are sometimes down to personal reasons and sometimes down to the idea that extra care needs to be taken when treating anybody who is due to give birth. Many people would consider it perfectly normal to treat a woman during the first trimester of her pregnancy but to decline so doing after that period. Again, it all depends on personal circumstances and opinion about the situation. If you have any doubts, then discuss the matter with your reflexologist as well as a medical professional.
Can reflexology help with anxiety?
Yes, it can. Many reflexologists will have numerous case studies which they can cite that indicates they have successfully treated people with anxiety disorders and either lessened the severity of their symptoms or removed them entirely. In 2017, a study was conducted among people who were about to undergo an invasive medical procedure. The sample group involved were taught a self-reflexology technique which they could use on their own hand in the period running up to the examination. The study revealed that just a minute's worth of massage helped to reduce the feelings of anxiety and stress that people who did not learn the method reported. In other words, whether chi manipulation was helping or not, people seemed to feel less anxiety as a result of learning reflexology they could perform on themselves.
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Can reflexology help with fertility?
There are a number of opinions about the effectiveness of reflexology with fertility. Certainly, there appears to be no downside associated with this form of alternative therapy because someone who is having difficulty conceiving will not be placed in a worse position because they seek this sort of help. That said, it is something that will complement other treatments and should not be seen as something of a cure-all, which means you can do without conventional medicine. In the main, reflexologists will claim that they can help with regulating the menstrual cycle, which should make it easier to predict when the best times of the month to try for a baby should be. Equally, claims of improved ovulation due to more in balanced hormones in women are common among those who have undergone treatment. Some men also say that successful treatments have helped with their erectile dysfunction and, therefore, the chances of fathering a baby.
Why might reflexology be painful?
Sometimes, people feel pain as they undergo a reflexology session. This is not something you can always expect to occur, but it does happen. In the main, such sensations are not down to the massage therapy that is conducted on the foot or the hand. Some people with particularly sensitive feet or skin may find that there is a mild level of discomfort from the touch that is necessarily involved when reflexologising. However, it is more often because of the reflex action that occurs in the associated reflex zone. For example, the tips of the toes will often be interpreted by reflexologists as corresponding to the head. If the toe tips are manipulated, you might very well suffer from some pain in your head. Equally, you might get some sensation of pain in your liver or pancreas if the arch of the foot is manipulated. Such feelings of pain usually subside as soon as the session is over, but you should inform your practitioner if not.
How is reflexology regulated?
Reflexologists do not have to register or operate under a license in the UK. That said, by far, the majority of qualified reflexologists are members of the Complementary and Natural Healthcare Council (CNHC). According to the CNHC, reflexologists must meet certain standards in line with other alternative therapies. In the United States, it is usual for local or city authorities to regulate reflexology. Only two states of the union have their own regulatory bodies, Tennessee and North Dakota. There is no federal organisation that provides a single regulatory framework for the country. The European Union does not provide one either, although plenty of EU member states have their own regulatory bodies setting out rules for either alternative therapists as a whole or specifically for reflexologists. In Canada, it is a similar situation where local bodies, such as the Reflexology Registration Council of Ontario, provide the necessary licensing arrangements.
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Is reflexology effective?
In 2009, academics undertook a systematic review of reflexology to compare it to other complementary therapies. It found that the practice had no observable impact in treating diseases and ailments people had already been diagnosed with. Whether or not this took into account medical conditions that might otherwise have been acquired is an open question, however. In 2015, the government in Australia decided to research alternative therapies more closely to see whether medical insurance claims for people undergoing such treatments should be paid out for or not. According to that two-year review, there was no clear evidence that said seeing a reflexologist would provide a strong medical outcome. Consequently, insurance companies are not obliged to pay out for claims made against expenses that occurred from treatments given by reflexologists. Where scientific evidence seems to support reflexology's effectiveness, it tends to be limited, although more work is ongoing in this area.
Are reflexology sandals any good?
Many reflexologists would agree that sandals that are designed to stimulate the sole of the foot as the wearer walks can be beneficial but that they have little to do with the art of reflexology. This is because they can only manipulate the feet at certain points and, more or less, always in the same way as the person wearing them walks around. Instead, most reflexologists would recommend working on very specific points of the feet or hands to connect to the reflex zone in the body where the chi needs to be released or allowed to flow more fully. That said, such sandals are not harmful if they're worn once in a while to provide stimulation rather than for a specific treatment. The bottom line is that sandals that claim to be able to do what a skilled reflexologist does are probably overselling themselves.
What are some good books on reflexology to read?
'The Reflexology Bible: The Definitive Guide to Pressure Point Healing' by Louise Keet is a good place to start. It was first published in 2008 and offers a lot of insights into the practice that complete novices, as well as seasoned practitioners, will find useful. As an alternative, 'Facial Reflexology: A Self-Care Manual' by Marie-France Muller provides a very handy guide to self-reflexology and how to perform it on your face using your hands, thereby bypassing the more common foot massage form of the practice completely. For a comprehensive review of the practice, 'The Complete Guide to Reflexology' by Ruth Hull should not be overlooked. This first came out in 2011 and is designed for intermediate level reflexologists. 'Let's Read Our Feet!: The Foot Reading Guide' by Jane Sheehan first came out in 2005 and has since gone on to be printed in its second edition.
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Reflexology in summary
Although it is tied up with the notion that massaging the feet will lead to beneficial medical outcomes in many people's imaginations, reflexology – or zone therapy – is much more interconnected than that. Instead of merely massaging the feet all over to produce a relaxing effect that leads to wellness, reflexologists will typically hone in on specific parts of the body by massaging their reflex points. For example, the heels of both the left and right feet will relate to the pelvis. Equally, the centre of the underside of the big toe will create a corresponding reflex point with the pituitary gland. However, it is not just the feet that have this capacity, according to most reflexologists. For example, the point of the hand immediately beneath the forefinger and index finger will relate to the eyes, while the corresponding part under the ring finger and little finger will connect to the ears.
Indeed, there are other such points on the face in zone therapy. You can reflexologise someone, for example, by massaging the tip of their nose, an area that corresponds with heart health. Equally, the chin is said to correspond with the pancreas and the spleen. Overall, however, part of undergoing a treatment is an investment in receiving a beneficial outcome. This is because, thus far, medical science has only very limited evidence to suggest it is a good way of treating medical conditions. Many people believe it does, however, and it certainly seems to be of benefit with all-around well-being and wellness. Most people who find it helpful go on to continue with multiple treatments, sometimes for the rest of their lives.
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Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/1068
Rh 1054 MESSAPUS. sane folly of Messallina, in a. d. 48, furnished the means of her own destruction. Hitherto she had been content with the usual excesses of a profligate age, with the secrecy of the palace, or the freedom of the brothel. But in A. D. 47 she had conceived a violent passion for a handsome Roman youth, C. Silius. She compelled hira to divorce his wife Junia Silana, and in return discarded her favourite Mnester. In 48, her passion broke through the last restraints of decency and prudence, and, during the absence of Claudius at Ostia, she publicly mar- ried Silius with all the rites of a legal connubium. Messallina had wrought upon the fears of Claudius for the destruction of others ; those fears were now turned against herself. Narcissus persuaded the feeble emperor that Silius and Messallina would not have dared such an outrage had they not deter- mined also to deprive him of empire and life. Claudius wavered long, and at length Narcissus himself issued Messallina's death-warrant, which he committed to his freedraan Euodus, and to a tribime of the guards. Without transcribing Ta- citus it is impossible to describe worthily the irre- solution of the emperor, the trepidation of the freedmen, the maternal love of Domitia Lepida, and the helpless agony of Messallina, She perished by the tribune's hand in the gardens of Lucullus — a portion of the demesnes of her victim Valerius Asiaticus. Her name, titles, and statues were re- moved from the palace and the public buildings of Rome by a decree of the senate. She left two children by Claudius, Britannicus and Octavia. There are Greek and colonial but no Latin coins of this empress. The inscription on her coins is VALERIA MESSALINA. VALERIA MESSALINA AUG. (Tac. Ann. xi. ], 2, 12, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 ; Dion Cass. Ix. 14, 15, 16, 17,18,27.28,29,31 ; Juv. Sat. vi. 115—135, X. 333—336, xiv. 331 ; Suet. Claud. 17, 26, 27, 29, 36, 37, 39, Ner. 6, Vilell. 2 ; Vict. Caes. iv ; Plin. H. N. X. 63 ; Sen. Mort. Claud. ; Joseph. Antiq. XX. 8. § 1, Bell. ii. 12. § 8.) [W. B. D.] MESSALLI'NUS AURELIUS COTTA. [COTTA, No. 12.] MESSALLI'NUS, M. VALE'RIUS CATUL- LUS, was governor of the Libyan Pentapolis in the reigns of Vespasian and Titus, where he treated the Jewish provincials with extreme cruelty, and by a fictitious plot involved in a charge of perduel- lion the principal Jews residing at Alexandria and Rome, and among them the historian Josephus. ilessallinus was recalled from his province, but eluded the punishment due to his crimes, probably through Domitian's interest with his father and brother. Under Domitian Messallinus distinguished himself as a delator. Josephus represents him as dying in extreme torments aggravated by an evil conscience. Messallinus was probably consul in A. D. 73. (Fasti ; Joseph. B. J. vii. 11. §3 ; Plin, Ep. iv. 22 ; Juv. Sat. iv. 113—122.) [W. B. D.] MESSAPEUS (Mecro-aTreus), a surname of Zeus, under which he had a sanctuary between Amyclae and mount Taygetus. It was said to have been derived from a priest of the name of Messapeus. (Paus. iii. 20. § 3.) [L. S.J MESSA'PUS (MeVtraTTos). 1, A Boeotian, from whom Mount Messapion, on the coast of Boeotia, and Messapia (also called lapygia), in southern Italy, were believed to have derived their names. (Strab. ix. p. 405.) 2. A son of Neptuue and king of Etruria, who METAGENES. was invulnerable, and a famous tamer of horses. (Virg. Aen. vii. 691, &c., with the note of Ser- vius.) [L. S.] MESSE'NE (Meo-o-Tji/T?), a daughter of Triopas, and wife of Polycaon, whom she induced to take possession of the country which was called after her, Messenia. She is also said to have introduced there the worship of Zeus and the mysteries of the great goddess of Eleusis. In the town of Mes- sene she was honoured with a temple and heroic worship. (Paus. iv. I. §§ 2, &c., 3. § 6, 27. § 4, 31. § 9.) L. S.] C. ME'SSIUS, was tribune of the plebs in b. c. HQ., when he brought in a bill for Cicero's recall from exile. (Cic. Post. Red. in Sen. 8.) In the same year the Messian law, by the same tribune, assigned extraordinary powers to Cn. Pompey (id. ad Att.'w. 1.) Cicero defended Messius when he was recalled from a legatio, and attacked by the Caesarian party (id. ad Ait. iv. 15, viii. 11). Mes- sius afterwards appears as an adherent of Caesar's, whose troops he introduced into Acilla, a town in Africa. (Caes. B. A. 33.) Messius was aedile, but in what year is unknown. [W. B. D.] ME'SSIUS MA'XIMUS. [Maximus.] ME'SSIUS, VE'CTIUS, a Volscian, who, in B. c. 431, distinguished himself in battle against the Romans. (Liv. iv. 28, 29.) [W. B. D.] MESTOR ( M?7(TTw^), the name of four mythical personages, of whom nothing of interest is related. (Apollod. ii. 4. § 5, iri. 12. § 5; Hom. //. xxiv. 257.) [L. S.] MESTRA (MT^o-Tpa), a daughter of Erysichthon, and granddaughter of Triopas (whence she is called Triopei's, Ov. Met. viii. 872). She was sold by her hungry father, that he might obtain the means of satisfying his hunger. In order to escape from slavery, she prayed to Poseidon, who loved her, and conferred on her the power of metamor- phosing herself whenever she was sold, and of thus each time returning to her father. (Tzetz. ad Lye. 1393; Ov. Me^. viii. 847, &c. ; Anton. Lib. 17, who calls her Hypermestra.) [L. S.] META (MTjra), a daughter of Hoples, and first wife of Aegeus. (Apollod. iii. 15. § 6.) In other, traditions she was called Melite. (Schol. ad Evr rip. Med. 668.) [L. S.] ME'TABUS (Meragos), a son of Sisyphus, from whom the town of Metapontum, in Southern Italy, was believed to have derived its name. (Strab vi. p. 265 ; Serv. ad Aen. xi. 540 ; Steph. Byz. s. V. M^ra-wSpTiov.") [L. S.J METACLEIDES (Mera/cXetSr/s), a peripatetic philosopher, who wrote on Homer, mentioned by Tatianus and Suidas {s.v.). There is some dispute as to whether the name should be Met^leides or Megacleides. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. pp. 321, 517.) [C. P. M.J META'GENES (MeTa76j/rjs), an Athenian comic poet of the Old Comedy, contemporary with Aristophanes, Phr^niichus, and Plato. (Schol. in Aristoph. Av. 1297.) Suidas gives the following titles of his plays : — ASpat, MafXfidKvdos, Qovpio- irepo-a:, 4>iAo0uti7S, "Ofiripos ^ 'Atr/cTjTaf, some of which appear to be corrupt. (Meineke, 7>a^. Com. Graec. vol. i. pp. 218 — 221, vol. ii. pp. 751—760 ; Bergk, Com. Att. Ant. Reliq. p. 421 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. p. 470.) [P. S.J META'GENES, artists. 1. The son of Cher- siphron, and one of the architects of the temple of Artemis at Ephesus. [Chbrsiphron.J | WIKI |
Correlated exciton fluctuations in a two-dimensional semiconductor on a metal
Rasmus H. Godiksen, Shaojun Wang, T. V. Raziman, Marcos H. D. Guimarães, Jaime Gómez Rivas, Alberto G. Curto (Corresponding author)
Onderzoeksoutput: Bijdrage aan tijdschriftTijdschriftartikelAcademicpeer review
Samenvatting
Excitons in nanoscale materials can exhibit fluorescence fluctuations. Intermittency is pervasive in zero-dimensional emitters such as single molecules and quantum dots. In contrast, two-dimensional semiconductors are generally regarded as stable light sources. Noise contains, however, valuable information about a material. Here, we demonstrate fluorescence fluctuations in a monolayer semiconductor due to sensitivity to its nanoscopic environment focusing on the case of a metal film. The fluctuations are spatially correlated over tens of micrometers and follow power-law statistics, with simultaneous changes in emission intensity and lifetime. At low temperature, an additional spectral contribution from interface trap states emerges with fluctuations that are correlated with neutral excitons and anticorrelated with trions. Mastering exciton fluctuations has implications for light-emitting devices such as single-photon sources and could lead to novel excitonic sensors. The quantification of fluorescence fluctuations, including imaging, unlocks a set of promising tools to characterize and exploit two-dimensional semiconductors and their interfaces.
Originele taal-2Engels
Pagina's (van-tot)4829-4836
Aantal pagina's8
TijdschriftNano Letters
Volume20
Nummer van het tijdschrift7
DOI's
StatusGepubliceerd - 8 jul 2020
Vingerafdruk Duik in de onderzoeksthema's van 'Correlated exciton fluctuations in a two-dimensional semiconductor on a metal'. Samen vormen ze een unieke vingerafdruk.
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Archive
Colouring Table cells based on the table ID and Cell Value
Explorer
Hi all,
I would like to color table cells based on the table ID and the cell values. The only examples that I have found on splunk answers involve checking what the cell.field is first before checking the values, but in my case this wont be possible because the field names returned may be different with each search. Furthermore, different tables will have the exact same field names but will always have different coloring rules (thresholds).
Is there a way to color the table cells by first checking what the table ID is and then checking the values?
This is what I would like to do (notice how i would like to check what the table id is in the if statement, instead of checking what the cell.field is?):
var val = cell.value;
var split_val = val.split("%")[0];
var value = parseFloat(split_val);
if ({table id} == 'some value')
{
if (value >= 50.0)
{
$td.addClass('Green');
}
else
{
$td.addClass('Red');
}
}
if ({table id} == 'another value')
{
if (value >= 70.0)
{
$td.addClass('Green');
}
else
{
$td.addClass('Red');
}
}
Tags (1)
0 Karma
1 Solution
Champion
I am pretty sure the answer is no, you cannot do what you ask.
My understanding is the coding pattern dictates that you must add a cell rendering callback (via addCellRenderer()) for the table instance, but the callback function does not get the table ID when it is called. So you can create multiple callback functions (i.e., a unique callback for each table), and then apply your thresholds accordingly.
View solution in original post
Legend
If you upgrade to 6.5 or higher you will have cell coloring option built in to the table. Without JS/CSS extension.
____________________________________________
| makeresults | eval message= "Happy Splunking!!!"
0 Karma
Champion
I am pretty sure the answer is no, you cannot do what you ask.
My understanding is the coding pattern dictates that you must add a cell rendering callback (via addCellRenderer()) for the table instance, but the callback function does not get the table ID when it is called. So you can create multiple callback functions (i.e., a unique callback for each table), and then apply your thresholds accordingly.
View solution in original post
Explorer
Ahh thanks for the reply.
I eventually found a work around by creating a separate JS file for each table. Its not a very elegant solutions but it will suffice for the time being.
0 Karma
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revised Cut and Paste in Mac OS X's Finder
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comment Cut and Paste in Mac OS X's Finder
@CoreDumpError To be fair, "cutting" a file is a dangerous operation. What happens if the power goes out or a software bug freezes the Finder when the file is on the clipboard? What if you change your mind during the operation but have already navigated out of the source folder of the file and forgot where it came from? Having the move be a destination command by holding option is more sensible and safe.
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comment Is there any program or way to make Mac OS X's ⌘-tab behave like Windows' alt-tab?
@javadba Um, yes it does. If it doesn't on your machine, you must have a non-standard setup or extension installed. I'm using it now. If you still don't believe me, here's an article explaining the behaviour: "Command-Tab: This activates the menu and switches through applications in order of when they were last accessed. The foremost application will be on the left, and repeatedly pressing the Tab key will go through each application you have open."
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comment How can I change my Mac screen resolution without scaling to fit my monitor?
I'm not certain if this will do what you want so I won't add it as an answer, but check out SwitchResX and see if it will do it.
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12
comment How can I change my Mac screen resolution without scaling to fit my monitor?
The bottleneck isn't the number of hardware pixels shown on the screen, it's the number of pixels rendered. You're still rendering only 983,040 pixels. That's why games run significantly faster when the monitor is set to lower resolution.
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12
comment How can I change my Mac screen resolution without scaling to fit my monitor?
I'm a bit confused… what would this accomplish? There would be no difference in performance between "letterboxing" it or running the 27" monitor at that resolution.
Oct
4
comment How do you sort files in OS X Finder so folders appear at the top?
Yeah, Mountain Lion has a new "Sort by Kind" feature which will keep folders at top in column view, but will of course sort everything else by kind (pdf, photo, text file, etc.)
Sep
21
revised Renaming many files in Mac OS X, batch processing
added 2 characters in body
Aug
22
comment Do SSD's really last 285 years?
This should be the accepted answer as it is the only one that explains the misconception of what MTBF means.
Jul
24
awarded Enlightened
Jul
24
awarded Nice Answer | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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