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Sélestat
Sélestat is in the middle of Alsace. It is home to the humanist library. Nearby is the deer reserve with unusual wildlife.
By train
The city's is a ten-minute walk from downtown.
See
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ส่วนได้เสีย
Etymology
From 🇰🇲.
Noun
* 1) interest: legal concern, right, title, share, etc.
* 2) interest: participation in or concern for a cause, advantage, responsibility, etc.
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By Guest Author 24/07/2017 1
Colin Hall, University of South Australia and Eric Charrault, University of South Australia
For tens of thousands of years, humans have created colours through simple chemistry. At first we used dyes found in nature such as berries and charcoal. Later, new pigments were synthesised in the lab.
By now, you might think scientists would have come up with every possible colour, but in fact they continue to be invented to meet new challenges: tanks need better camouflage, mirrors need to be brighter, and satellites need new light-absorbing finishes to be able to peer further into space.
Today researchers use physics to invent new colours, inspired perhaps by the iridescent shades created by structures in butterfly wings that scatter light.
These new structural colours are the result of an interaction between light and nanoscale features many times thinner than human hair.
Inventing colours is now an exciting combination of chemistry along with new materials and structures.
The story of Vantablack
Vantablack is a famous example of colour created through structure.
Scientists at Surrey NanoSystems in the UK launched “Vantablackin 2014. Made from packed vertically aligned tiny carbon tubes, the structure and arrangement of the tubes further enhances the natural black nature of carbon, letting it trap 99.96% of light.
To put this in perspective, if you think of a forest of trees about a metre in diameter, then these trees would scale to be around one kilometre high. Light falling on this very tall forest of tubes bounces around and is almost perfectly absorbed.
Several research groups including NASA have focused on similar efforts to achieve the “blackest black”. While several materials can be used for this purpose, including gold nano-particles and rods, it seems carbon nanotube coatings are the most efficient option.
Although not as absorbing of light, nature has its own version of Vantablack. The West African Gabon viper’s dorsal scales, some of the darkest found in the wild, have a specific “leaf-like” structure. It uses its black structural colour as part of an elaborate camouflage adapted to its forest habitat.
The West African Gabon viper’s dorsal scales are some of the darkest found in nature.
mat.hak/Shutterstock
Why do we need the “blackest black”?
The pursuit of an absolute black material has been driven by a need to completely absorb light energy and convert it to heat.
The sensitivity of optical instruments requiring a minimal amount of stray or unwanted light, such as telescopes, could be greatly improved with the addition of Vantablack-coated surfaces in their optical system, for example. This could enable the observation of fainter stars.
In infra-red or thermal sensor systems, its use could also improve the signal-to-noise ratio and result in better resolution in heat detection. Since materials like Vantablack absorb almost all light, other possible applications could lie in thermal collection systems such as solar panels.
The coating is relatively fragile, however, and typically needs to be protected or encased within an instrument.
Perception and reflection
We see colours because light is reflected off our surroundings. It is quite disturbing to look at a Vantablack surface, after all, as the lack of light reflection gives a sensation of emptiness that is hard for the brain to process.
Whist Vantablack absorbs light, in some applications, such as mirrors, we want them to reflect all possible light.
Mirrors for concentrated solar applications need highly reflective coatings to reflect all the light and concentrate the Sun’s energy to a single point to create heat. That heat can then be used to generate electricity.
We are also developing visual effects for automotive use by embedding microparticles in coatings, creating a satin or low-gloss plastic trim. These microparticles are made of glass and scatter the incoming light, bouncing around the layer they are embedded in and giving rise to a uniform satin effect.
The scales of the European sardine also use reflective structural colour.
Alexandra Tyukavina/Shutterstock
Traditionally, this would have been done with electroplating, a process where metals are deposited onto a surface from liquid metal salt baths. This alternative technique avoids the cancerous materials used in electroplating to deliver similar performance but with few environmental problems.
New colours can also be achieved by layering materials of different refractive index – a measure of the ability of a material to bend light. When you stack a number of layers with different refractive indices on top of each other and control their thickness, you can produce interference. This is the same phenomenon as when you see an oil slick on water.
The ConversationBut, as usual, nature has got there first. Reflective structural colour can be found on the scales of Sardina pilchardus, otherwise known as the humble European sardine.
Colin Hall, Research Scientist in decorative and hard coatings, University of South Australia and Eric Charrault, Research Fellow in Energy and Advanced Manufacturing, University of South Australia
This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.
Image: Butterfly wings, like those of the monarch butterfly, have inspired scientists to create “structural colours”. tea maeklong/Shutterstock
One Response to “Explainer: how scientists invent new colours”
• It’s not “new colours” per se, but new methods of creating colours (and the absence of colour…).
But it is all fascinating! I’m particularly a fan of structural colour. I describe it (to those asking) as utilising the “wave” properties of light, where-as normal, chemical colour uses the “particle” properties.
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Talk:gente
Just as a note...
Whoops. Forgot this in my edit summary. I removed the plural for "gente" in Spanish because it's generally considered amateur and/or informal, and thus isn't really used. Realistically speaking, it has no plural. After all, it is a collective noun, and collective nouns (at least in Spanish) don't have true plurals.
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Dirtbag
Dirtbag or dirt bag may refer to:
* sandbag, a sack filled with soil or sand
* Dirtbag, a type of footbag made of suede and filled with sand
* Dirtbag Clothing, a San Francisco-based apparel company
* The Dirtbags, the unofficial name for the Long Beach State 49ers baseball team
* Dirtbag (StillWell album)
* Dirtbag (Transformers), a fictional character
* Dirtbag left, a style of vulgar and populist left-wing politics
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From patchwork Wed Apr 29 10:02:48 2009 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Subject: [2/4] ext2: Allocate space for mmaped file on page fault Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 00:02:48 -0000 From: Jan Kara X-Patchwork-Id: 26609 Message-Id: <1240999370-27502-3-git-send-email-jack@suse.cz> To: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org, npiggin@suse.de, Jan Kara So far we've allocated space at ->writepage() time. This has the disadvantage that when we hit ENOSPC or other error, we cannot do much - either throw away the data or keep the page indefinitely (and loose the data on reboot). So allocate space already when a page is faulted in. Signed-off-by: Jan Kara --- fs/ext2/file.c | 26 +++++++++++++++++++++++++- fs/ext2/inode.c | 1 + 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-) diff --git a/fs/ext2/file.c b/fs/ext2/file.c index 45ed071..74b2c3d 100644 --- a/fs/ext2/file.c +++ b/fs/ext2/file.c @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ */ #include +#include +#include #include "ext2.h" #include "xattr.h" #include "acl.h" @@ -38,6 +40,28 @@ static int ext2_release_file (struct inode * inode, struct file * filp) return 0; } +static int ext2_page_mkwrite(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_fault *vmf) +{ + return block_page_mkwrite(vma, vmf, ext2_get_block); +} + +static struct vm_operations_struct ext2_file_vm_ops = { + .fault = filemap_fault, + .page_mkwrite = ext2_page_mkwrite, +}; + +static int ext2_file_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma) +{ + struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping; + + if (!mapping->a_ops->readpage) + return -ENOEXEC; + file_accessed(file); + vma->vm_ops = &ext2_file_vm_ops; + vma->vm_flags |= VM_CAN_NONLINEAR; + return 0; +} + /* * We have mostly NULL's here: the current defaults are ok for * the ext2 filesystem. @@ -52,7 +76,7 @@ const struct file_operations ext2_file_operations = { #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT .compat_ioctl = ext2_compat_ioctl, #endif - .mmap = generic_file_mmap, + .mmap = ext2_file_mmap, .open = generic_file_open, .release = ext2_release_file, .fsync = ext2_sync_file, diff --git a/fs/ext2/inode.c b/fs/ext2/inode.c index acf6788..8217219 100644 --- a/fs/ext2/inode.c +++ b/fs/ext2/inode.c @@ -816,6 +816,7 @@ const struct address_space_operations ext2_aops = { .sync_page = block_sync_page, .write_begin = ext2_write_begin, .write_end = generic_write_end, + .extend_i_size = block_extend_i_size, .bmap = ext2_bmap, .direct_IO = ext2_direct_IO, .writepages = ext2_writepages,
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Livio Mehus
Lieven Mehus or Livio Mehus (1630, in Oudenaarde – 7 August 1691, in Florence) was a Flemish painter, draughtsman and engraver of the Baroque period, who trained and worked in Italy. He was mainly active in Florence where he was court painter of Prince Mattias de' Medici. During his lifetime he enjoyed a high reputation for his allegorical and mythological scenes, landscapes, religious works and portraits.
Life
Livio Mehus was born in Oudenaarde in Flanders in 1630 as Lieven Mehus. In the 16th century Oudenaarde had been a prosperous city thanks to its tapestry industry but had since suffered from a long-time economic slump mainly caused by the wars ravaging the Southern Netherlands regularly. Livio Mehus' father left Oudenaarde to seek his luck abroad. He went to Milan leaving his young son behind in the care of family. When Livio was 10 years old he was called by his father to join him in Milan. In Milan Livio trained with an obscure Flemish or Dutch battle and landscape painter who is known by the name Carlo Fiammingo. Some art historians have identified this artist with Karel Philips Spierincks, a Flemish landscape painter from Brussels who achieved a measure of success but died young in Rome. At the age of 15 Livio left on his own for a trip to Rome. Before reaching Rome he passed through Pistoia where his talent was recognized. He was introduced to a powerful patron, Prince Mattias de' Medici, the governor of Siena. Prince Mattias was the third son of the ruler of Florence Grand Duke Cosimo II de' Medici of Tuscany and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria.
In Siena he took drawing classes with the local painter Guiliano Periccioli. After working in Siena for some time, Prince Mattias allowed Mehus to accompany him to Florence when he moved there temporarily with his court. In Florence the prince arranged for Mehus to work with the important painter Pietro da Cortona who had been in charge of the decoration of the Palazzo Pitti for a few years. After working and studying with Pietro da Cortona for some time, Mehus suddenly left Florence, possibly because of a conflict with his fellow artists in da Cortona's workshop, and set out on a return trip to Milan without even notifying Prince Mattias.
According to the 17th century Italian biographer Filippo Baldinucci, Mehus served for about three years as a soldier in the wars against Spain in Piedmont and Lombardy. He returned finally to Milan where he reunited with his family and worked for a while. Here he was traced by Prince Mattias who invited him to return to Florence to work in his service. Back in Florence, Mehus got to know the Florentine engraver Stefano della Bella who had just returned from a long-term stay in France. In 1650 he was with della Bella in Rome where he again worked for some time with Pietro da Cortona and made studies after the Antique.
He spent about 18 months in Venice from 1650. Other visits to Rome (1655-1656 and 1661), Venice (1660) and Parma in 1673. He is recorded in Florence from 1678 until the date of his death in 1691. He helped in the decoration of the cupola of the church of La Pace at Florence.
Work
A majority of Mehus' works representing battles and landscapes are in private collections while various altarpieces and canvases with religious and mythological subjects are on display in churches and museums. He is also known for a few self-portraits and the portrait of the blind sculptor Giovanni Francesco Gonnelli, called the Ciego de Gambazo, demonstrates his strengths as a portrait painter and the portrait of Gambazo anticipates the best of what Giacomo Ceruti produced a generation later.
Livio Mehus was also sought out as a figure painter and painted the staffage in the landscapes of Crescenzio Onofri, a pupil of Gaspard Dughet. An example is the Landscape with gulf and port (Italian House of Representatives in Rome).
His best-known works are the pair of Genius of painting (Museo del Prado, Madrid) and Genius of sculpture (Palazzo Pitti, Florence) both painted c. 1650. The pair of paintings demonstrate his notions of excellence in art. When the Genius of painting was acquired by the Prado in 2000, it was attributed to Velazquez. In the first work, the youthful genius of painting is depicted making a copy of the now destroyed Martyrdom of Saint Peter by Titian. The child is thus learning his craft from Titian, in Mehus' time regarded as the epitome of the Venetian school of colourists. In the Genius of sculpture, the genius of sculpture is drawing a classical statue, thus extolling the primacy of ancient sculpture and the skill of drawing. In both works Mehus included a portrait of himself looking straight at the viewer, clearly associating himself with the qualities he most admired in art.
Mehus was also known as a landscape painter. His landscapes often include mythological or genre scenes. Examples are the Wrestlers in a Landscape and the Huntresses Resting (both in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston).
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User:Remymortel
I am from Philippines..A Nursing Aid graduate..loving and caring kind of..i love music..and i played guitar and singing is my daily routine..cannot live without music..i love to give a smile to everyone..i am very friendly fellow..i speak Tagalog our native language..English and Hebrew..
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Page:History of American Journalism.djvu/400
service full of thrillers and closes with motion pictures. The Journal, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, early started a similar welfare movement for its carriers. The Nashville Tennessean, at Nash- ville, Tennessee, soon devoted its attentions to the school children of the city and at its own expense it provided public lectures to amuse, entertain, and instruct the children. Its manager recently said: "It is far from the province of the daily press to print only the news a newspaper should be a community and section builder." The Chronicle, of San Francisco, California, was in- strumental in establishing the zoological gardens in 1880; it started the movement for the Golden Gate Park Museum in 1885. The Examiner, of the same city, erected the Little Jim Hospital for Incurables and the Free Eye and Ear Infirmary for the treatment of unfortunate children of the poorer classes. If space permitted, many other humanitarian news- paper enterprises could be mentioned, but the beginnings of the movement distinctly belong to the Period of Financial Readjustment.
PRESS AS DETECTIVE
With the financial readjustment many newspapers not only undertook humanitarian enterprises, but also assumed other extramural activities. Not content with mere publicity for crime, the press in numerous cities undertook active detective work in locating criminals. Mention might be made of how The Daily News, of Chicago, Illinois, followed D. E. Spencer, presi- dent of the State Savings Institution, who had absconded with something like half a million dollars from the vaults of the Bank of Chicago, step by step across Canada, over the Atlantic and thence through Europe until it finally located him at Stuttgart; or how The' Argus, of Albany, New York, after the police of that city were completely baffled in an attempt to locate a kidnapper, not only found the child, but also captured the criminal.
The most remarkable instance, however, was possibly the identification by The World, of New York, of the man who made an attempt upon the life of Russell Sage. Isaac D. White, then a reporter on The World and now head of its Bureau of Accuracy and Fair Play, secured a button from the trousers
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Limb Ischaemia & DVT Flashcards Preview
Gen Surg (Vascular) > Limb Ischaemia & DVT > Flashcards
Flashcards in Limb Ischaemia & DVT Deck (37)
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1
What is the key clinical feature of chronic limb ischaemia (i.e. peripheral arterial disease)? What is meant by this?
Intermittent claudication: calf/leg/buttock pain which occurs after a predictable amount of exercise, and settles with rest
2
The development of what symptom suggests that chronic limb ischaemia has progressed to critical limb ischaemia?
Severe ischaemic pain at rest
3
What are some complications of critical limb ischaemia?
Ulceration and/or gangrene
4
What investigation is used to diagnose and assess severity of chronic limb ischaemia?
ABPI calculation
5
What ABPI score would indicate intermittent claudication?
0.5 - 0.95
6
What ABPI score would indicate ischaemic pain at rest?
0.3 - 0.5
7
What ABPI score would indicate gangrene and ulceration?
< 0.2
8
What investigation is most useful in chronic limb ischaemia for confirming an occlusion?
Duplex US
9
What investigation is most useful in chronic limb ischaemia for surgical planning?
MR angiography
10
Most management of chronic limb ischaemia is conservative, and involves management of risk factors. When would interventional management be considered?
If symptoms are disabling, or if critical limb ischaemia occurs
11
What are some interventional management options for chronic limb ischaemia? If a patient isn't suitable for these options, what should be done?
Angioplasty and stenting, resection or bypass grafting - if these can't be done then amputation is necessary
12
What is acute limb ischaemia?
The sudden loss of blood supply to a limb
13
What are the two main causes of acute limb ischaemia? How common is each?
Thrombus formation from an existing atherosclerotic plaque (80%), or embolism, usually in AF (15%)
14
What are the 6Ps of acute limb ischaemia?
Pain, pallor, paraesthesia, perishingly cold, pulseless, paralysis
15
What investigations can be used to locate the occlusion in acute limb ischaemia?
Duplex US or CT
16
Describe the management options for acute limb ischaemia?
Thrombolysis, embolectomy, bypass surgery
17
What are some complications of acute limb ischaemia?
Irreversible ischaemia, gangrene, compartment syndrome
18
What condition may cause the ABPI to be falsely elevated, even with significant vascular disease?
Diabetes
19
What are some risk factors for DVT due to them causing stasis of blood flow?
Immobility, varicose veins, compression
20
What are some risk factors for DVT due to them causing hypercoagulability of blood?
Pregnancy, malignancy, inflammation, smoking, thrombophilias
21
What are some risk factors for DVT due to them causing endothelial damage?
Trauma and surgery
22
How can DVT be prevented in hospital patients?
LMWH injections and compression stockings
23
Half of cases of DVT are asymptomatic. How do they present if they are symptomatic?
Red, hot, swollen, tender calf
24
What are some differentials of a DVT?
Cellulitis, trauma, ruptured Baker's cyst
25
What is the name of the scoring system used to assess the likelihood that a patient has a DVT?
Well's score
26
A Well's score of 3 or more suggests a 50% likelihood of DVT. What investigation is required?
Duplex US
27
A Well's score of 2 or less suggests a 5-20% likelihood of DVT. What investigation is required?
D-Dimer
28
In all patients, regardless of Well's score, what investigation investigation should be done if a D-Dimer comes back positive?
Duplex US
29
Describe the initial management of a DVT?
Therapeutic dose LMWH while receiving loading doses of warfarin, until the INR is within an acceptable range
30
How long should warfarin be given for after a DVT?
3-6 months
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Consistency of returned Strings [Kit George]
Atif Aziz asked this very interesting (and difficult) question regarding the behavior of strings:
It would be nice to see a single and consistent policy across the framework with respect to returning strings. Presently, one has to constantly look up the documentation to figure out if a given method considers all three states differently or not. In many cases, the documentation is even silent or vague about it. Consequently, one always ends up resorting to writing defensive utility functions that check if a string is null or empty where the difference is irrelevant. Such simple things really make life and code unnecessarily complicated. With the addition of Nullable<T>, things could even [get] stranger as one could then imagine four possible states! The fact that a string can be null is just an side-effect of having System.String being a reference type when in reality it is designed with semantics of a value type (i.e. immutable). What are your short-term and long-term plans to address this?With Nullable<T>, it would even make no sense for a function to return a null string. If a function might return null, then it should be clear from its signature.
Aziz, we can’t change existing APIs (due to breaking change rules), which means the bird has flown on this one a little bit. We could consider requesting that all future APIs that return a string operate the same way, however the issue is very complex, and there is feeling here that there’s no sensible default behavior which makes clear sense. Sometimes returning a null is useful, sometimes not: sometimes an empty string makes sense, sometimes it doesn’t. You simply have to know about the specific API in question to be able to interpret the value it returns.
However, we absolutely must ensure that a guideline for Nullable<T> is available, and we have taken that issue to heart. Please keep an eye on the <a href=“http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/cpgenref/html/cpconnetframeworkdesignguidelines.asp“>Design Guidelines</a> for this guideline in the future.
Comments (3)
1. Anonymous says:
The BCL team did listen to us to provide a little help here. It looks like we at least get a System.String.IsNullOrEmpty() method which will make the test for invalid string states a little simpler. It will also make source code using this method a bit more readable IMO.
2. Anonymous says:
Just in case you’re wondering, look out for the method Keith is referring to, in upcoming Whidbey betas…
3. Anonymous says:
Kit, I am aware that some things cannot be changed due to backward compatibility issues and that we have to sometimes bite the bullet and move forward. However, I think that the problem at hand can perhaps be solved in an interesting way at a much lower level with a little bit of help from CLR and compilers if not the BCL. Basically, if we think about it, System.String.IsNullOrEmpty() is the caller’s decision to ignore the distinction between null or zero-length (good or bad, we’ll all have to pretty soon sprinkle our code all over with this function). So wouldn’t it be possible to introduce a superficial string data type that can be guaranteed to never evaluate to null? It would be superficial because the magic of the illusion would be provided by either the language via the IL it produces or by the CLR via the code jitted at runtime. So I want the technology to work harder for me (by calling System.String.IsNullOrEmpty() on my behalf) and I want to express my intension simply (via a superficial string type). Managed world, remember? 😉 BTW, a living example of what I am hinting here can be seen in VB.NET today! See System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.GetObjectValue(), which is a function that VB.NET call on my behalf and sprinkles in the IL it produces. It would be nice if something similar can be sought out for the 3-state strings in C# and VB.NET. What are your thoughts on this?
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What are the five typical methods of sputtering equipment? We will introduce principles and applications!
What are the five typical methods of sputtering equipment? We will introduce principles and applications!
Sputtering equipment is a deposition system that uses the sputtering phenomenon, in which Ar ions collide with a target under the condition of plasma discharge and the target material knocked out by the collision adheres to the opposing substrate.
There are several types of sputtering systems that use different methods.
This article introduces five typical methods.
Introduction of principle of RF (radio frequency) sputtering, which can also be used for electrodeless inductive discharge.
Introduction of principle of RF (radio frequency) sputtering, which can also be used for electrodeless inductive discharge.
RF (radio frequency) sputtering can target insulators and sputter them at high frequencies.
Power is supplied to the electrodes from the high-frequency power supply.
Positive and negative ions are swept to the target side by the high frequencies as the plasma is generated.
The target side is negatively biased and insulators are sputtered as a result of cations impinging on them.
SSP1000 (Cubic sputtering equipment).
SSP1000 (Cubic sputtering equipment).
Entry model of SUGA’s desktop RF sputtering system.
• Despite being a desktop model,Φ100 mm film thickness distribution ±5% max. is possible.
• Three functions in one unit, with a choice of deposition direction depending on the purpose.
• Equipment can be set up by the user
For more information on SSP1000
Introduction of principle of magnetron sputtering, which can increase sputtering speed.
Introduction of principle of magnetron sputtering, which can increase sputtering speed.
This method reduces the effects of plasma in DC sputtering and increases the sputtering speed.
Plasma is generated in a vacuum, and it is the unstable condition because positive and negative electrons are free to fly around.
Those ions then collide with the densely captured targets one after the other.
This method enables efficient sputtering, as the magnetic force generates plasma with less power.
SSP3000 (sputtering equipment)
SSP3000 (sputtering equipment)
High-end model of sputtering equipment with high performance and a variety of options.
Equipped with three 2-inch diameter magnetron cathodes (with shutters).
• High-performance models with ternary cathodes
• Film thickness distribution within ø 100 mm ±3% or less
• L/L rooms can be installed without changing the external dimensions.
For more information on SSP3000
Introduction to the principle of the bipolar sputtering, which is the original form of deposition technology.
Introduction to the principle of the bipolar sputtering, which is the original form of deposition technology.
The bipolar sputtering method is considered as the original form of deposition technology.
A voltage is applied to the target and sample, and the particles produced by impacting the target are deposited on the sample to form a film.
The structure of the device is simple, but there are problems with the negative ions flowing into the positive electrode, which results in high temperatures and significant damage to the sample.
Tri-polar or quadrupolar DC sputtering facilitates the maintenance of the discharge by irradiating the gas with thermal electrons emitted from the thermal filament, and the discharge voltage is reduced to 2 kV or lower, resulting in better film quality than dipolar sputtering.
Introduction to the principle of the opposed target method of suppressing which controls collisions on the sample surface
Introduction to the principle of the opposed target method of suppressing which controls collisions on the sample surface
Two targets are placed opposite each other and the sample is placed beside them to suppress the collision of energetic particles with the sample surface, which is a disadvantage of the magnetron sputtering method.
Permanent magnets installed behind the two opposing targets create a magnetic field structure that surrounds the target with a magnetic flux.
This permanent magnet causes the magnetic flux and negative voltage electrons to move back and forth between opposing targets.
This behavior causes it to collide with the gas, forming a dense plasma.
The magnetic field formed between the opposing targets restrains the plasma here, resulting in suppression of the plasma’s effect on the substrate surface and enabling low-temperature deposition.
Introduction to the principles of ion beams, which enable the formation of dense films.
Introduction to the principles of ion beams, which enable the formation of dense films.
Ion beam sputtering equipment can form dense films in a high vacuum.
A wide range of targets can be adapted, including metals and magnetic oxides.
Due to the large number of target applications, there is a wide range of uses.
It can be used for laminated films of magnetic and non-magnetic materials, dielectric laminations, etc.
There is also a dual ion beam deposition system.
This equipment is ideal for X-ray mirrors and coatings for gradient shapes, and can be used from research and development to mass production.
Summary
In this article, the typical methods and principles of sputtering equipment have been explained.
We manufacture vacuum equipment and provides vacuum and piping components required to configure vacuum equipment and vacuum facilities, such as annealing equipment for film quality improvement applications after film deposition as vacuum equipment.
We also offer support for test servicing, repairs and modifications, so please contact us.
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Access to Insight
Access to Insight is a Theravada Buddhist website providing access to many translated texts from the Tipitaka, and contemporary materials published by the Buddhist Publication Society and many teachers from the Thai Forest Tradition.
History
Access to Insight began in 1993 as a bulletin board system run by a volunteer with support from the Barre Center for Buddhist Studies. Originally, Access to Insight was one of several publishers of the results of the Dharma Net Dharma Book Transcription Project. As the internet grew in popularity compared to bulletin board services, ATI began to transition to a web-based format. In March 1995 the website became ATI's primary electronic presence; the BBS service was discontinued before the end of the year. In 1998, Access to Insight published a CD version of the website entitled A Handful of Leaves.
In the spring of 2005, the editor began The Dhamma Transcription Project, which formalizes transcription procedures that he had been following over the previous few years.
In October 2013 the editor announced changes to Access to Insight. On December 10, 2013, he announced his withdrawal from further personal contributions, but encouraged others to develop online tools for Dhamma studies (["http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tech/parting.html "A Parting Note to ATI Techies"]). He said that his annual financial support of US$1,500 was to be discontinued and encouraged the future support and maintenance of a commercial-free search engine.
In September 2017 the Barre Center for Buddhist Studies assumed ownership of the domain name and management of the website.
Content
All of the materials available on the ATI website are provided for free distribution. They remain protected by copyright, but may be copied and distributed if unmodified and without payment.
ATI contains texts from the Tipitaka, with an emphasis on conveying what are considered the fundamental ideas of Buddhist teaching, and teachings considered applicable to daily life. The majority of the canonical texts are drawn from the Sutta Pitaka, with others dealing with the Vinaya Pitaka, and little or nothing from the Abhidhamma Pitaka and the commentaries. ATI includes texts from the Pali Canon, many works published by the Buddhist Publication Society, and teachings translated from Thai by the Western-born Thanissaro Bhikkhu, abbot of the Metta Forest Monastery near San Diego, California, USA.
the materials available included over 900 sutta texts and several hundred books and articles, with translations and books contributed by a number of monks and lay scholars. Most texts are available in both HTML and plain text format.
Use in Buddhist community
Access to Insight is well known to students of Buddhism around the world. For example, Thanissaro Bhikkhu, although he does not have Internet access, proclaims it as a valuable resource, and Pali scholar Bhikku Bodhi also recommends it. It has been cited in the Journal of Buddhist Ethics, Multi-Ethnic Children's Literature and Cross-Cultural Research.
It is also cited in several standard textbooks used in teaching Buddhism.
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WIKI
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List of storms named Zack
The name Zack has been used to name two tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific:
* Tropical Storm Zack (1992) (T9223, 23W) – a tropical storm that remained over the open western Pacific Ocean.
* Typhoon Zack (1995) (T9520, 28W, Pepang) – a Category 4 equivalent typhoon that struck the Philippines and Vietnam, killing 110 people.
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WIKI
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Black Hole Photography
Or, how to make a telescope as large as the world.
Black Hole Photography
Or, how to make a telescope as large as the world.
This is it. The first image that has ever been taken of any black hole.
And maybe it doesn’t look spectacular at first, but consider this: not only is this black hole is about 55 million light years away from us, but black holes are invisible by their very nature! (This is because their gravitational pull is so strong that not even light can escape them.)
Which is why, for many years, astronomers thought that an image of a black hole would be impossible to get.
They were wrong.
In theory, we can’t take a picture of a black hole because it just isn’t possible to take an image of something that doesn’t emit or reflect light.
Take a closer look, though. What you see in the picture is not the black hole itself, but a disk around it. You’ll see black space, a ring of fire, and then more black within.
That’s the black hole.
In this picture, the black hole isn’t visible — and shouldn’t be, if our laws of physics are correct.
The ring itself exists because of a phenomenon in which a star comes too close to the black hole and gets sucked into it.
Due to the enormous amount of gravitational force exerted by the black hole, the star gets pulled in until all that remains is the ring. The ring is called the accretion disk, and it’s the most obvious part of the image taken.
But it won’t be around forever: the black hole continues to exert it’s pull, and after a period of time, this ring will get eaten up as well.
The story begins with a small team of innovators and ends with a telescope that is unlike anything the world has ever seen.
Although there have been major advances in telescope technology lately, there is no single telescope on earth that can take a picture of a black hole. They’re just too small to do so!
In theory, to have that kind of resolution, you would need a telescope the size of planet Earth, and obviously, that isn’t possible. To solve this problem, they hit upon an idea that was truly innovative: if one telescope couldn’t do the job then perhaps many would.
As it turns out, they were right.
The team used a global network of dishes to simulate a telescope of this size. Twelve radio-telescopes stationed at different points across the world were kept in sync with powerful atomic clocks. Each telescope collected and recorded radio waves coming from near the black hole. This data was then combined using supercomputers to create the image of the black hole.
This program included the support of many countries and was named the Event Horizon Telescope or EHT.
This black hole is actually what’s called a supermassive black hole that lives in the centre of the Messier 87 galaxy. It’s about 7 billion times as massive as our Sun. That’s colossal compared even to other supermassive black holes.
The most important part of this photo is where there is no light, that dark circle in the centre which measures to about 25 billion miles across. That’s the actual black hole.
And at its edge is the place known as the event horizon, the point of no return. Once you cross the event horizon, the black hole’s gravity is so strong that you cannot escape. Not you, not the fastest spacecraft, not even the fastest thing in the universe: light.
Many, many things needed to be just right in order to capture this image, enough that it might be considered a miracle. The light travelled for about 55 million light years, without getting absorbed by gas or particle. Only a small fraction of the radio waves that hit the outer atmosphere actually end up reaching the surface, as most of them get absorbed or reflected. And for these waves to get received by the EHT, the weather needed to be good and clear at every one of the 12 telescopes, including the one in Antarctica.
This is the first picture of a black hole ever taken, but it certainly isn’t the last.
As after this first success, the team of EHT Scientists has started examining other black holes, in hopes to further our understandings on the black holes.
The team has now turned the giant camera towards another black hole named the Sagittarius A*. This black hole is the one present at the center of our own galaxy, the Milky Way. We believe that its images will be released soon.
With these images of black holes, we can understand more about their properties and answer currently unanswered questions like:
How exactly do they affect the space-time fabric around them?Why do they vomit massive streams of subatomic particles into space?Why are they present at the centre of galaxies?
And, what effect might they one day have on us?
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Combination therapies and drug delivery platforms in combating pancreatic cancer
Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review
5 Scopus citations
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, is highly aggressive and resistant to both chemo- and radiotherapy. It remains one of the most difficult-to-treat cancers, not only due to its unique pathobiological features such as stroma-rich desmoplastic tumors surrounded by hypovascular and hypoperfused vessels limiting the transport of therapeutic agents, but also due to problematic early detection, which renders most treatment options largely ineffective, resulting in extensive metastasis. To elevate therapeutic effectiveness of treatments and overt their toxicity, significant enthusiasm was generated to exploit new strategies for combating PDAC. Combination therapy targeting different barriers to mitigate delivery issues and reduce tumor recurrence and metastasis has demonstrated optimal outcomes in patients' survival and quality of life, providing possible approaches to overcome therapeutic challenges. This paper aims to provide an overview of currently explored multimodal therapies using either conventional therapy or nanomedicines along with rationale, up-to-date progress, as well as the key challenges that must be overcome. Understanding the future directions of the field may assist in the successful development of novel treatment strategies for enhancing therapeutic efficacy in PDAC.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)682-694
Number of pages13
JournalJournal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Volume370
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 2019
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Molecular Medicine
• Pharmacology
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Combination therapies and drug delivery platforms in combating pancreatic cancer'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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We're looking for a user researcher to understand the needs of developers and designers. Is this you or someone you know? Check out the post: https://mzl.la/2IGzdXS
RTCSctpTransport
This is an experimental technology
Check the Browser compatibility table carefully before using this in production.
The RTCSctpTransport interface provides information which describes a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) transport. This provides information about limitations of the transport, but also provides a way to access the underlying Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) transport over which SCTP packets for all of an RTCPeerConnection's data channels are sent and received.
You don't create RTCSctpTransport objects yourself; instead, you get access to the RTCSctpTransport for a given RTCPeerConnection through its sctp property.
Possibly the most useful property on this interface is its maxMessageSize property, which you can use to determine the upper limit on the size of messages you can send over a data channel on the peer connection.
Properties
The RTCSctpTransport interface doesn't inherit any properties.
RTCSctpTransport.maxMessageSize Read only
An integer value indicating the maximum size, in bytes, of a message which can be sent using the RTCDataChannel.send() method.
RTCSctpTransport.transport Read only
An RTCDtlsTransport object representing the DTLS transport used for the transmission and receipt of data packets.
Methods
The RTCSessionDescription doesn't inherit any methods and has no methods of its own.
Example
TBD
Specifications
Specification Status Comment
WebRTC 1.0: Real-time Communication Between Browsers
The definition of 'RTCSctpTransport' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Initial definition.
Browser compatibility
FeatureChromeEdgeFirefoxInternet ExplorerOperaSafari
Basic support ? ? No No ? ?
maxMessageSize ? ? No No ? ?
transport ? ? No No ? ?
onstatechange ? ? ? ? ? ?
state ? ? ? ? ? ?
FeatureAndroid webviewChrome for AndroidEdge mobileFirefox for AndroidOpera AndroidiOS SafariSamsung Internet
Basic support ? ? ? No ? ? ?
maxMessageSize ? ? ? No ? ? ?
transport ? ? ? No ? ? ?
onstatechange ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
state ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
See also
Document Tags and Contributors
Contributors to this page: fscholz, Sheppy
Last updated by: fscholz,
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Bergepolis
Bergepolis (Βεργέπολις) was a Greek town located in ancient Thrace, in the region between the river Nestos to the river Hebros. It was founded by colonists from Abdera. Bergepolis was an urban center dependent on Abdera. Bergepolis survived in the Roman times.
Its site is located 9 miles southeast of modern Xanthi.
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WIKI
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Destroyer of the Void
Destroyer of the Void is the fifth studio album by Blitzen Trapper released on June 8, 2010 on Sub Pop Records. Following their commercial breakthrough, Furr, Destroyer was a hit in its own right. Destroyer of the Void put Blitzen Trapper in the top 100 of Billboard's Top 200 chart for the first time - peaking at #88 - while the album had even more success on the Top Independent Album charts, hitting #11 there.
Unusually, lead songwriter and singer Eric Earley didn't title the album, which was named by multi-instrumentalist Marty Marquis. Earley admitted, "I couldn’t think of a name for it."
Conception and critical reception
Coming off the extended tour for Blitzen Trapper's commercial breakthrough, Furr, lead singer and songwriter Eric Earley had already begun work on the new album explaining, "I had already cobbled together a new record during the previous year of touring, Destroyer of the Void, a patchwork of songs from my past and present which hung together like a house of cards. But there were certain glimmers of where Blitzen Trapper was heading, a certain feeling of open road and of heartfelt loss. Having turned this in, we spent half of 2010 doing nothing, hanging around Portland, revisiting our earlier, less ambitious days of drinking and getting into trouble."
Of the multi-part title song, Earley stated, "['Destroyer of the Void'] was originally three different songs and the way the track ended up was really just a result of me experimenting in the studio and trying to create something conceptual in a way I haven't before." Critique site AllMusic elaborated on the experimental nature of the eponymous track, saying that it was, "the Portland, Oregon-based sextet's most challenging song to date, a sprawling, six-minute, prog rock epic that will draw forth from the lips of critics names like Queen, Bowie, ELO, Tull, and the Beatles."; the remainder of the review praised the album as a whole: "there's enough meat on these bones to suggest that the band hasn't lost its knack for crafting spiritually charged, enigmatic woodcuts of 21st century Americana."
Most reviews were positive, with Pitchfork applauding the album's sound: "Blitzen Trapper's version of Americana is one of the most melodic and playful (and least affectedly twangy) since Being There-era Wilco, and Eric Earley uses his craggy Dylanesque voice to add grit to his more featherweight melodies." PopMatters was even more effusive: "...the band manages to find a sense of collective unity between tracks, something Furr failed to do. Destroyer of the Void is more consistent and inventive, from its beefed-up production to its refreshing instrumentation (most striking: the spine chilling graveyard harmonicas and psychedelic, effects-drenched guitar solos). This time, Blitzen Trapper have made an album you can listen to front to back in one sitting, not just a collection of great but unrelated moments."
Recording and song selection
Several of the songs, including "The Ballad of the Burning Tongue" and "The Eagle With the Head of a Ram" were cut from the album; Eric Earley later hinted that they might become commercially available as bonus tracks on a future record, saying, "Those two tracks I really should have put on DOV."
Track listing
All songs written by Eric Earley.
* 1) "Destroyer of the Void" - 6:17
* 2) "Laughing Lover" - 3:09
* 3) "Below the Hurricane" - 5:26
* 4) "The Man Who Would Speak True" - 3:07
* 5) "Love and Hate" - 3:23
* 6) "Heaven and Earth" - 3:44
* 7) "Dragon's Song" - 3:02
* 8) "The Tree" (feat. Alela Diane) - 3:35
* 9) "Evening Star" - 3:42
* 10) "Lover Leave Me Drowning" - 3:26
* 11) "The Tailor" - 3:20
* 12) "Sadie" - 3:40
"Simple Tree" - (Bonus Track) - 2:30
* Bonus track
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WIKI
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Mainstreaming Assisted Living Technologies
Patient Acceptance
Research team: Sarah Gorst, Chris Armitage and Lizzie Coates, University of Sheffield and Manchester
AIMS
The aim of this workstream was to understand the key barriers and facilitators of patient acceptance of telehealth, and identify the key factors that predict sustained usage of the technology.
METHODS
A systematic review of the barriers and facilitators of telehealth acceptance by patients with COPD and CHF was completed, and this fed into primary qualitative interviews with 40 patients (and 12 carers) regarding their acceptance and experience of telehealth. Following this, a patient acceptance questionnaire was developed and refined via the ‘think aloud’ technique in interviews with current telehealth users, and then a two wave survey of patients (263 in wave 1 and 152 in wave 2) was completed across 6 health service sites in order to identify the key predictors of telehealth acceptance.
KEY MESSAGES
1. Home telehealth can provide considerable benefits to people with heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, yet evidence suggests that 32% of patients refuse telehealth and 20% abandon it. Identifying the factors that affect whether or not patients take up and continue using telehealth is therefore crucial to the goal of mainstreaming telehealth. Some patients believe that using telehealth would be unnecessary; therefore it would be useful for healthcare professionals to ensure that patients who are being offered telehealth understand why they are being asked to use it and the benefits it can provide.
2. Longstanding technical problems can lead patients to question the benefits of telehealth and may lead patients to abandon usage. However, these problems could be minimized by patients having access to well-designed, patient focused telehealth equipment and also good technical support, so that any problems can be quickly resolved, thus resulting in purely minimal issues for patients, which is consequently likely to facilitate sustained use of telehealth.
3. A preference for in-person care has been identified as being one of the main barriers to patient acceptance of telehealth. Patients anticipate that using telehealth would result in fewer in-person visits from clinicians. Thus, it may be useful for healthcare providers to offer telehealth to patients at an earlier stage than it is currently offered, before they become accustomed to in-person visits. However, clinicians should also be aware that telehealth is not ideal for all patients and some may never want to use telehealth or be well enough to do so.
4. Increased access to healthcare services is a key driver of patients’ satisfaction with telehealth. Thus, it may be beneficial for clinicians to inform patients that using telehealth would not involve them having to manage their health condition alone, nor would it diminish the contact they have with their healthcare provider, but rather it would lead to more regular and frequent contact. However, some patients will have a preference for in-person care, as a result of the social support provided by nurses.
5. The majority of patients report better health management as a main benefit of telehealth use. Patients report improvements in self-management as a result of using telehealth, due to having a greater responsibility for their own health. They also report improvements in their health knowledge due to the frequent provision of health status information, which helps them to learn about their health condition. However, not all patients experience these improvements, particularly those who live alone, and previous research has found self-care to be relatively greater amongst patients who live with others.
6. It might be useful for healthcare professionals to emphasise the use of telehealth as a tool for self-monitoring to patients considering using telehealth. This recommendation is consistent with both theory and evidence, which show that people who are actively involved in the self-monitoring of their health condition experience improvements in self-management.
7. Patients deem peace of mind to be a great benefit of using telehealth, as it reduces worry and enables them to feel safer. This finding supports previous research, which has also found that patients felt reassured by having someone ‘watching over them’, and so they report a sense of security in being monitored by telehealth daily. Communicating the potential for peace of mind, to uncertain patients, might be useful in promoting uptake and encouraging usage.
8. It is possible to develop a tool designed to measure predictors of patient motivation to use telehealth, which has face validity. A telehealth acceptance questionnaire was developed and modified and is now a validated measure, which can be used as a tool by healthcare professionals to assess motivation to use telehealth amongst current users, with the aim of identifying those patients who are likely to abandon telehealth.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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The Effects Of CBD On Anxiety
There are three main points to consider when discussing the use of cannabinoids to treat anxiety.
1. Anxiety is a human problem that will continue to persist.
2. Cannabinoids effectively treat anxiety.
3. Cannabinoids are less toxic than other substances regularly used to treat anxiety.
1. Anxiety—It’s going nowhere
America’s National Institute of Mental Health claims that at least 18.1 percent of the U.S. adult population has anxiety issues. Whether anxiety is more common in recent times than it was in the past is subject for debate. It is also debatable if the medical and health care industries have improved on diagnoses and treatment of the disorder.
Early humans needed anxiety in order to survive. The part of the brain called the amygdala is responsible for anxiety sensations. The same region of the brain is responsible for the fight and flight reflex of the sympathetic nervous system.
Because humans once spent more time as hunter-gatherers, we needed anxiety to continuously activate the fight or flight reflex. A daily life filled with human predators and only basic weapons and tools was exponentially more dangerous than life as we know it. The amygdala was therefore always active and played a key role in keeping humans mentally alert.
In modern times, challenges faced by humans are not as intense as they were a century or more ago. In fact, the challenges faced in modern times could be rightly described as being abstract. For one to survive, one only needs food and shelter. However, these can only be gotten when one works and earns money. Even if the basic requirements for survival are met, humans, it seems, are never quite satisfied.
As Maslow’s hierarchy of needs proposes, the needs of humans will always continue to rise. Such needs may include self-actualization and socializing. When one fails to achieve these goals, feelings of anxiety are induced–the same as that which is induced when one fails to find a place to rest his head at night.
2. Cannabinoids re-regulate
Studies have shown that cannabinoids play an essential role in controlling anxiety disorders.
Cannabinoids are chemical compounds derived from cannabis that work with the endocannabinoid system (ECS). It is through this system that they exert their effects on the human body. The ECS is present in all mammals and is involved in the regulation of a number of body functions, including the nervous system responses. By regulating these functions, it helps to maintain the body’s homeostasis.
With regard to anxiety, cannabinoids directly target the amygdala and thus work to minimize the fight or flight reflex. Cannabidiol (CBD) binds to the cannabinoid receptors in the amygdala, which are responsible for flooding the body with anxious feelings, and the stressful feelings are alleviated.
3. Cannabinoids are a less toxic, viable alternative
Other substances can perform the same feat as CBD. However, most of these substances have side effects which may be injurious to the health. CBD, on the other hand, functions without exerting the negative effects associated with other substances. Full spectrum, hemp-derived CBD contains .3% or less THC, and it therefore not psychoactive.
Alcohol is one substance that has similar effects on the amygdala as cannabinoids and is commonly used to counter anxiety and stress. Nevertheless, alcohol has a myriad of negative health effects, the most common being its addictive potential. On the other hand, CBD is not addictive; neither is it associated with any bodily harm as is the case with alcohol.
CBD is less toxic than other substances consumed in today’s society. The therapeutic index is used as a yardstick to compare the toxicity of a substance to its therapeutic potential. The therapeutic index of alcohol is 10:1. What this means is that the dose of alcohol needed for positive effects is a tenth of that required to induce death. Cannabinoids have not been associated with death incidences. The most serious side effect may be intense drowsiness. Surprisingly, water is even more toxic to the body that cannabinoids.
Medications prescribed to treat anxiety also have many negative side effects and very definite therapeutic indices.
Compared to all other substances used to regulate anxiety, cannabinoids are the most natural, the safest and the most effective. Our nervous system is designed to take advantage of the regulating properties of cannabinoids. Why would this natural, therapeutic agent not be the number one go-to for a disorder that afflicts a fifth of our population?
It is imperative that we educate ourselves as well as the general public on the benefits of cannabinoids. We live in a world that requires therapeutic solutions and treatments for countless diseases and disorders. We can continue to use drugs that have terrible side effects and that create user dependency, or we can promote a natural alternative that is more aligned with our body’s natural systems. The time to further explore the therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids is past due.
The Nature’s Breakthrough educational resource is just one of the ways The Hemp Haus practices its sincere commitment to and passion for educating people about CBD and helping them find the right, high-quality product based on their needs.
Where to Buy High-Quality CBD Products:
For pain, insomnia, anxiety, and more …
Puffin Hemp Liposomal CBD (350, 700, 1000)
Ananda Hemp Softgels and Tinctures (200, 300, 600, 2000)
Ananda Hemp Spectrum 125 Salve
Ananda Touch Bliss Intimate Oil
Ananda Hemp Full Spectrum Roll On (150mg) for Pain
Ananda Pets Full Spectrum CBD Extract
Resources
Nutt D, Allugulander C, Lecrubier Y, Peters T, Wittchen U. Establishing non-inferiority in treatment trials in psychiatry: guidelines from an Expert Consensus Meeting. J Psychopharmacol. 2008; 22(4): 409-16 [PubMed]
Sugiura T, Waku K. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, and the cannabinoid receptors. Chem Phys Lipids. 2000; 108(1-2): 89-106 [PubMed]
Hillig KW, Mahlberg PG. A chemotaxonomic analysis of cannabinoid variation in cannabis (cannabaceae) Am J Bot. 2004; 91(6): 966-75 [PubMed].
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John Hugh GILMORE, Plaintiff-Appellant v. CITY OF MINNEAPOLIS; Deitan Dubuc; Joshua Stewart; Sergeant Thomas Ryan; Gregory Kosch; Mark Lanasa, Police Officers of the City of Minneapolis in both their offical and individual capacities, Defendants-Appellees
No. 15-2465
United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.
Submitted: February 9, 2016
Filed: September 13, 2016
Rehearing and Rehearing En Banc Denied October 26, 2016
Counsel who presented argument on behalf of the appellant was Mark Rudnick Miller, of Minneapolis, MN.
Counsel who presented argument on behalf of the appellee was Sarah C.S. McLaren, of Minneapolis, MN.
Before SHEPHERD, BEAM, and KELLY, Circuit Judges.
KELLY, Circuit Judge.
John Hugh Gilmore appeals the district court’s adverse grant of summary judgment on his claims alleging violations of his First, Fourth, and Fourteenth Amendment rights, unlawful arrest under Minnesota law, and an unconstitutional policy under Monell v. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978). We agree with the district court that the officers are entitled to qualified immunity for Gilmore’s federal law claims, official immunity for Gilmore’s state law claim, and that Gilmore has not made out a claim under Monell. We therefore affirm the judgment of the district court.
I. Background
• Around 10 p.m. on June 16, 2011, police received a 911 call from Matthew Glazer, reporting a disturbance and a suspicious white male with gray hair, wearing sandals and all-black clothing, on Nicollet Mall. Glazer stated that the person described was yelling at people on the street, shouting racial slurs, and taking photos of the people he was targeting. When officers arrived on the scene in response to the 911 call, Glazer flagged them down. Glazer reported to the officers that a man, who was later identified as John Hugh Gilmore, had asked two women wearing hijabs their opinion of Ayaan Hirsi AÍi, and then began screaming racial slurs at them. Glazer also claimed that Gilmore had tried to assault him, and stated he thought Gilmore would try to hurt him again. Whether or not Gilmore actually engaged in the conduct described, he does not dispute that this is what Glazer told the officers when they arrived at the scene.
The officers proceeded to The News Room restaurant, where Glazer said Gilmore had gone. According to Gilmore, approximately five minutes after he arrived at the restaurant, Officers Deitan Dubuc and Joshua Stewart entered and asked to speak to him. When he refused, they escorted Gilmore out of the restaurant, using a wrist lock to force him to leave. Gilmore had drunk 3-4 glasses of wine that night, but he says he was not intoxicated.
After they left the restaurant with Gilmore, Officers Dubuc and Stewart sought to gather more information. According to the officers, Gilmore refused to speak with them about what had happened. Gilmore, on the other hand, alleges that he was not given an opportunity to tell the officers his side of the story, but that he was cooperative with them. Based on the information the officers had regarding the events of the evening and the fact that, from their perspective, Gilmore was “mad” and “refused to cooperate,” they handcuffed him and placed him in the back of them squad car.
The officers then interviewed several witnesses. Gilmore’s friend, Paul Carlson, said he could not hear what was being said between Gilmore and the group of people he was allegedly yelling at, because he was across the street, but that Gilmore was 8-10 feet away from the group and his hands were in his pockets. The two women wearing hijabs reported that after they told Gilmore they did not think favorably of Ayaan Hirsi Ali but they “would agree to disagree,” Gilmore yelled, <fWhy did you come to my country and try to change us? You’re in the [W]est here.” They relayed that Gilmore also made other comments that made them “fearful” and “terrified.” When Gilmore started taking photos of the women, Glazer inserted himself between the women and Gilmore. Another witness, Elisabeth Geschiere, confirmed the two women’s story. The officers also spoke again to Glazer, who then filled out a citizen’s arrest form on which he indicated that, during the confrontation, he asked Gilmore whether he knew the difference between assault and battery. Gilmore’s alleged reply was, “I haven’t hit anyone ... yet. Just wait.” Geschiere also expressed fear that Gilmore would hurt someone at the scene. Gilmore disputes the truth of the witnesses’ statements, but does not dispute that this was the information given to the officers while he sat in the back of the police car.
Gilmore recounted a different version- of events. He asserted that after attending a political gathering, he passed several women' wearing hijabs near 11th Street and Nicollet Avenue, and asked them their opinion of Ayaan- Hirsi Ali. Gilmore claimed that a “flash mob” of people from a progressive political conference suddenly appeared, surrounded him, and began aggressively yelling.- Gilmore said that he pretended to make a phone call to a friend and to videotape the activists with his phone. He said he feared for his safety and was chased down Nicollet Mall before entering The News Room.
Gilmore also alleged that the officers first said they would release him if he agreed to leave the downtown area, and then changed their minds and decided to take Gilmore to jail. Before leaving the scene outside The News Room and while sitting in the police vehicle, Gilmore saw an officer rip up and throw away a political sign bearing the name of Gilmore’s website that Gilmore had with him at the restaurant. Gilmore said he complained about the sign to the two officers in the front of the transport vehicle. The officers have stated they have no memory of the sign being destroyed, and further that prisoners in the back of á police transport vehicle have no way to communicate with officers sitting in the cab.
At the police station, Gilmore was charged with disorderly conduct and interference with lawful process, both misdemeanors. Officer Dubuc noted in his supplemental report that Gilmore was booked in part because he was intoxicated, which Gilmore denies, and because Dubuc feared that Gilmore would not comply with an order to leave the area and would instead return to the crowd and continue engaging in the allegedly disorderly conduct. Once at the Hennepin County Jail, Gilmore was processed for release. The charges against Gilmore were subsequently dropped.
II. Discussion
Gilmore contends the district court erred in granting summary judgment on his various claims. Viewing the facts in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, we review the district court’s grants of summary judgment de novo. Carpenter v. Gage, 686 F.3d 644, 648 (8th Cir. 2012); Fed. R. Civ. P. 66(a).
A. Fourth Amendment, False Arrest Claim
“Qualified immunity shields government officials from liability and the burdens of litigation in a § 1983 action unless the official’s conduct violates a clearly established constitutional or statutory right of which a reasonable person would have known.” Snider v. City of Cape Girardeau, 752 F.3d 1149, 1155 (8th Cir. 2014) (citing Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800, 818, 102 S.Ct. 2727, 73 L.Ed.2d 396 (1982)). “To overcome a defendant’s claim of qualified immunity, the burden falls on [Gilmore] to show: ‘(1) the facts, viewed in the light most favorable to [Gilmore], demonstrate the deprivation of a constitutional right; and (2) the right was clearly established at the time of the deprivation.’ ” Id. (quoting Baribeau v. City of Minneapolis, 596 F.3d 465, 474 (8th Cir. 2010)).
Gilmore alleges first that his arrest was not supported by probable cause. “A warrantless arrest is consistent with the Fourth Amendment if it is supported by probable cause, and an officer is entitled to qualified immunity if there is at least ‘arguable probable cause.’ ” Borgman v. Kedley, 646 F.3d 518, 522-23 (8th Cir. 2011) (quoting Walker v. City of Pine Bluff, 414 F.3d 989, 992 (8th Cir. 2005)). A law enforcement officer has probable cause “when the totality of the circumstances at the time of the arrest ‘are sufficient to lead a reasonable person to believe that the defendant has committed or is committing an offense.’ ” Id. at 523 (quoting Fisher v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 619 F.3d 811, 816 (8th Cir. 2010)). If an officer arrests a suspect, under -the mistaken belief that there is probable cause, arguable probable cause exists “if the mistake is ‘objectively reasonable.’ ” Id, (quoting Amrine v. Brooks, 522 F.3d 823, 832 (8th Cir. 2008)).
Gilmore was arrested for disorderly conduct and obstructing legal process. Both are misdemeanors under Minnesota law. See Minneapolis, Minn., Code of Ordinances , Title 15 . § 385.90; Minn. Stat. § 609.72 subd. 1(3); Minn. Stat. § 609.50, subd. 1(1). Under Minneapolis’s local ordinance, a person may be arrested for disorderly conduct when he “engage[s] in, or prepare[s], attempt[s], offer[s] or threaten[s] to engage in, or assist[s] or conspire[s] with another to engage in, or congregated] because of, any riot, fight, brawl, tumultuous conduct, act of violence, or any other conduct which disturbs the peace and quiet of another.” Minneapolis, Minn., Code of Ordinances Title 15 § 385.90. Gilmore’s inmate booking sheet indicates he was arrested under the Minneapolis ordinance, but the state law governing disorderly conduct is slightly different. Under Minnesota law, a person is prohibited from engaging in “offensive, obscene, . abusive, boisterous, or noisy conduct or in offensive, obscene, or abusive language tending reasonably to arouse alarm, anger, or resentment in others,” when the person knows that such conduct or language “will tend to[ ] alarm, anger or disturb others or provoke an assault or breach of the peace.” Minn. Stat. § 609.72 subd. 1(3).
When deciding whether to arrest a subject, “[o]fficers may ‘rely on the veracity of information supplied by the victim of a crime.’ ” Borgman, 646 F.3d at 523 (quoting Fisher, 619 F.3d at 817); see also Kuehl v. Burtis, 173 F.3d 646, 650 (8th Cir. 1999) (“[A]n officer may make an arrest if a credible eyewitness claims to have seen the suspect commit the crime_”). “In considering information, given by a victim of a crime, an officer need not conduct a ‘mini-trial’ before effectuating an arrest although he-cannot avoid ‘minimal further investigation’ if it would have exonerated the suspect.” Borgman, 646 F.3d at 523 (quoting Kuehl, 173 F.3d at 650). “An officer contemplating an arrest is not free to disregard plainly exculpatory evidence ....” Kuehl, 173 F.3d at 650.
Glazer’s 911 call and in-person account to the officers would provide probable cause for an arrest for disorderly conduct. Though Gilmore is correct that there were conflicting versions of events that occurred on the night of June 16, 2011, that fact, on its own, does not establish there was plainly exculpatory evidence available to the officers at or near the time of Gilmore’s arrest'. “When an officer is faced with conflicting information that cannot be immediately resolved ... he may have arguable probable cause to arrest a suspect.” Borgman, 646 F.3d at 523 (citing Amrine, 522 F.3d at 832-33). There was no plainly exculpatory evidence — such as evidence that Gilmore did not fit the description the 911 caller had given, or that Glazer was clearly not a credible witness — that the officers here ignored. The report of Gilmore’s attempting to' assault Glazer, and yelling-at, taking pictures of, and threatening various other people would give officers at least arguable probable cause for his arrest. See, e.g., In re Welfare of T.L.S., 713 N.W.2d 877, 880-81 (Minn. Ct. App. 2006); State v. McCarthy, 659 N.W.2d 808, 811 (Minn. Ct. App. 2003). Based on the record before us, there was nothing the officers could have immediately discovered that would have exonerated Gilmore by conclusively contradicting Glazer’s statement.
Gilmore argues that there was insufficient evidence to charge him with any offense, in part because he was processed for immediate release and videos portraying the incident came to light after the fact and supported his version of events. But “probable cause is determined ‘at the moment the arrest was made,’ [and] any later developed facts are irrelevant to the probable cause analysis for an arrest.” Amrine, 522 F.3d at 832 (quoting United States v. Rivera, 370 F.3d 730, 733 (8th Cir. 2004)). The evidence Gilmore points to, such as the videos and his processing for immediate release at the police station, was developed after the arrest and is therefore not relevant to the question of arguable probable cause. The city’s attempt to put forth later-developed witness statements likewise does not affect the probable cause analysis, and is relevant only to determine whether “minimal further investigation” would have exonerated Gilmore. When the officers detained Gilmore based on the 911 call and Glazer’s statement, they had arguable probable cause to arrest Gilmore.
Compheating the situation is the fact that Minnesota law requires an arresting officer to witness a misdemeanor in order to arrest a suspect for it, and Gilmore argues this is independent grounds for concluding his arrest was in violation of the Fourth Amendment. Minn. Stat. § 629.34(c). The city contends that Glazer’s citizen’s arrest satisfied the “in-presence” requirement. We need not decide whether the citizen’s arrest satisfied the “in-presence” requirement in order to resolve Gilmore’s Fourth Amendment claim, however, as this circuit has not decided “whether the Fourth Amendment permits, a warrantless arrest for a misdemeanor when the alleged offense did not occur in the presence of the arresting officer.” Veatch v. Bartels Lutheran Home, 627 F.3d 1254, 1258 (8th Cir. 2010). “A constitutional or statutory right is clearly established if ‘[t]he contours of the right [were] sufficiently clear that a reasonable official would understand that what he is doing violates that right.’” Snider, 752 F.3d at 1155 (alterations in original) (quoting Anderson v. Creighton, 483 U.S. 635, 640, 107 S.Ct. 3034, 97 L.Ed.2d 523 (1987)). Because the law regarding warrantless misdemeanor arrests for offenses committed outside the presence of the arresting officer is not clearly established under the Fourth Amendment, the arresting officers are entitled to qualified immunity on Gilmore’s constitutional claim. See, e.g., Farkarlun v. Hanning, 855 F.Supp.2d 906, 923 (D. Minn. 2012).
B. State Law False Arrest Claim
Gilmore also asserts that his arrest was unlawful under Minnesota state law. The district court determined that the officers were entitled to official immunity on this claim. Under Minnesota law, official immunity “protects from personal liability a public official charged by law with duties that call for the exercise of judgment or discretion unless the official is guilty of a wilful or malicious wrong.” Rico v. State, 472 N.W.2d 100, 106-07 (Minn. 1991). “[T]he conduct of police officers in responding to a dispatch or making an arrest involves precisely the type of discretionary decisions, often split-second and on meager information, that we intended to protect from judicial second-guessing through the doctrine of official immunity.” Kelly v. City of Minneapolis, 598 N.W.2d 657, 665 (Minn. 1999) (citing Elwood v. Rice Cty., 423 N.W.2d 671, 678-79 (Minn. 1988)). However, an officer may be guilty of a “wilful or malicious wrong,” and excepted from the protections of immunity, when he or she knows or has reason to know he or she is doing something illegal:
The defendant must have reason to know that the challenged conduct is prohibited. The exception does not impose liability merely because an official intentionally commits an act that a court or a jury subsequently determines is a wrong. Instead, the exception anticipates liability only when an official intentionally commits an act that he or she then has reason to believe is prohibited.
Rico, 472 N.W.2d at 107. In order to overcome the officers’ claim of official immunity, therefore, Gilmore must show the officers had reason to know that arresting him was prohibited. A person is falsely arrested under Minnesota law “if an arrest is made without proper legal authority.” Baribeau, 596 F.3d at 481 (quoting Lundeen v. Renteria, 302 Minn. 142, 224 N.W.2d 132, 135 (1974)). Gilmore asserts that, unlike our Fourth Amendment law, there is a clear “in-presence” requirement for misdemeanor arrests in Minnesota. The “in-presence” requirement means that a misdemeanor arrest “conforms to Minnesota law as long as police officers have observed conduct giving rise to probable cause to believe that the offense was committed.” Id. at 481-82. The officers here are not entitled to official immunity if they had reason to know that the “in-presence” requirement was not satisfied by a citizen’s arrest. Minnesota’s state law precedent, however, does not provide any such reason.
Minnesota Statutes § 629.37(1) allows a private person to make an arrest for a crime “committed or attempted in the arresting person’s presence.” See also Lake Minnetonka Cons. Dist. v. Horner, 617 N.W.2d 789, 794 (Minn. 2000) (noting application as to misdemeanors). The private person must “inform the person to be arrested of the cause of the arrest and require the person to submit.” Minn. Stat. § 629.38. Since Officers Dubuc and Stewart did not personally witness Gilmore’s disorderly conduct and therefore could not satisfy the “in-presence” requirement themselves, the city relies on Glazer’s citizen’s arrest. Gilmore alleges that the citizen’s arrest was invalid because Glazer did not fill out the citizen’s arrest form until after Gilmore was handcuffed and therefore arguably already arrested, and because he did not inform Gilmore of the cause of his arrest, as the citizen’s arrest statute requires. See Minn. Stat. § 629.38.
A citizen’s arrest may be valid, even if it is an officer who takes custody of the suspect. In State v. Duren, officers asked a private citizen who had witnessed an alleged misdemeanor to sign a citizen’s arrest form, because the officers had not witnessed the commission of the offense themselves. 266 Minn. 335, 123 N.W.2d 624, 631 (1963). The court noted “[i]t is clear from the record that after defendant’s arrest by [the citizen] she in effect delivered him to the police officers present who already had him in custody,” and concluded that the fact that “such arrest was made by [the citizen] at the request of the police officers who had arrived after the accident would not affect its validity if § 629.37 were followed.” Id.; see also United States v. Rambo, 789 F.2d 1289, 1293 n.5 (8th Cir. 1986) (noting that under Minnesota law “[p]olice officers are authorized to take custody of an individual arrested by a private person, which means in practice that police officers often are the ones , who actually effect the arrest, acting on behalf of the citizen-complainant” (citations omitted)). The district court concluded that Glazer had witnessed all of Gilmore’s relevant behavior, and could effect a citizen’s arrest by asking the officers to detain Gilmore after the fact. See Duren, 123 N,W.2d at 631. Gilmore also argues that Glazer did not comply with the statutory requirement of “informing] the person to be arrested of the reasons therefor,” but Glazer did not need to complete that requirement personally. Under Minnesota law, the officer could do that on his behalf. See id. (“[The police officers] already had [the defendant] in custody and ... acting on [the private citizen’s] behalf, advised [the defendant] of the reasons upon which [the private citizen] had based his arrest, indicative of compliance with the statutory requirements outlined.”).
Gilmore points to the case of State v. Jensen, arguing that “[t]he purpose of the presence requirement is to prevent war-rantless misdemeanor arrests based on information from third parties.” State v. Jensen, 351 N.W.2d 29, 32 (Minn. Ct. App. 1984). “Whén the basis of the officer’s belief that the defendant has committed a misdemeanor is information imparted to him by, say, victims, witnesses or informers ... [h]e may not act on his own appraisal of the reasonableness of the information.” Id. (quoting People v. Dixon, 392 Mich. 691, 222 N.W.2d 749, 751 (1974)). The problem in that case, however, was the same one that invalidated the arrest in Duren — namely, that no one person witnessed all of the elements of the crime. Here, Glazer witnessed everything necessary to arrest Gilmore for disorderly conduct. While the Minnesota case law on the precise contours of, a valid citizen’s arrest is limited, what law does exist gave the officers no “reason to believe” that the arrest in this case was prohibited. Rico, 472 N.W.2d at 107.
Whether the officers’ continued detention of Gilmore pursuant to Minnesota Rule of Criminal Procedure 6.01 was valid is, as the district court noted, “an even more difficult question.” Rule 6.01 requires that an arresting officer in misdemeanor cases, proceeding without a warrant, “must issue a citation and release the defendant unless it reasonably appears: (1) the person must be detained to prevent bodily injury to that person or another; (2) further criminal conduct will occur; or (3) a substantial likelihood exists that the person will not respond to a citation.” Minn. R. Crim. P. 6.01. “If the officer has already arrested the person, a citation must issue and the person must be released,” unless any of the exceptions are present. Id The officers here stated that Gilmore initially refused to give his name and that they believed he was likely to commit further criminal conduct due to intoxication. Glazer stated that Gilmore had attempted to assault him, and that he was afraid Gilmore might try to hurt him again, Geschi-ere told one of the officers that she had been afraid that Gilmore would hurt Someone at the scene. Gilmore, however, states that he was cooperative, that he was not intoxicated, and that he was not given the opportunity to provide any information on his own behalf. See Minneapolis Police Dep’t. v. Kelly, 776 N.W.2d 760, 768-69 (Minn. Ct. App. 2010) (noting “the defendant’s attachment to the community and prior history of response to the criminal process are relevant guideposts for ... a determination” as to whether a defendant will respond to a citation, and arresting officers should investigate and consider such information).
While we conclude that there remain disputed issues of fact regarding whether the officers had reason to know Rule 6.01 made their actions unlawful, another statute, Minnesota Statutes section 629.36, also applies to the facts of this case. In contrast to the officers’ obligations under Rule 6.01, section 629.36 provides: “When a bystander arrests a person for breach of the peace, the bystander may deliver that person to a peace officer. The peace officer shall take the arrested person to a judge for criminal processing.” .While this statute leaves us with more questions than it resolves, and precedent from the Minnesota courts analyzing the statute is lacking, it does seem in direct conflict with Rule 6.01, creating confusion as to the officers’ statutory obligations under the circumstances. See Gleason v. Metro. Council Transit Operations, 563 N.W.2d 309, 318 (Minn. Ct. App. 1997) (noting official immunity applies when the official demonstrates “that the right allegedly violated was not clearly established, that is, that there was no basis for knowing the conduct would violate the plaintiffs rights”). Rule 6.01 requires release on citation unless certain circumstances exist; section 629.36 seems to require a person be taken .into immediate custody, at least for a brief period, by the peace officer. Whether a “bystander” is a citizen for purposes of a citizen’s arrest and what is meant by “criminal processing” are not clear from the statute, but that very lack of clarity is.what prevents us from concluding that the officers knew or had reason to know that their conduct in continuing to detain Gilmore was prohibited. We have no conclusive reason to believe that Rule 6.01 does not apply to citizen’s arrests for misdemeanors, and Gilmore’s continued detention may not have been “‘objectively’ legally reasonable,” see Gleason, 563 N.W.2d at 318, but we cannot conclude that Gilmore’s arrest was “clearly established” as unlawful given the existence of section 629.36.
The combination of this statute and Rule 6.01 creates potentially odd results: identical misdemeanor conduct could leave an individual either with a citation (or else a false arrest claim) or being taken immediately to a judge for “criminal processing,” depending solely on who witnesses the crime and effects the arrest. Yet we must leave that troubling thought to the Minnesota legislature to resolve. Since we do not believe the officers had sufficiently clear knowledge of what was required of them under the, circumstances, neither can we conclude that they acted maliciously or wilfully in violating Gilmore’s rights. See Rico, 472 N.W.2d at 109; see also Gleason, 563 N.W.2d at 318. As a result, the officers are entitled, to official immunity on Gilmore’s state law false arrest claim.
C. First Amendment Claim
Gilmore argues that the district court erred in finding that the officers did not violate his First Amendment right to freely express himself when they destroyed his political sign. Unlike Snider, 752 F.3d 1149, on which Gilmore relies, this case does not involve the application of an unconstitutional ordinance. Gilmore was not arrested for displaying his sign or for any message he conveyed by having it. Instead, he was arrested for disorderly conduct, and the officers seized the sign in the course of that arrest. Destruction of the sign may implicate other of Gilmore’s rights, but he provides no authority for the proposition that the seizure of a political or viewpoint-based sign incident to a lawful arrest is a per se First Amendment violation. Moreover, he points to nothing' that would give officers notice that any such right was clearly established at the time. Id. at 1155 (stating that whether a right was clearly established at the time of arrest turns on whether “in the light of preexisting law the unlawfulness [of the officers’ conduct was] apparent” (quoting Creighton, 483 U.S. at 640, 107 S.Ct. 3084)). Because Gilmore has failed to show a violation of any clearly established First Amendment right, the officers are entitled to summary judgment on Gilmore’s First Amendment claim. See Smithson v. Aldrich, 235 F.3d 1058, 1063 (8th Cir. 2000).
D. Property Seizure and Damage
Gilmore also argues that police improperly seized and destroyed his political sign in violation of his Fourth Amendment right to be free of unreasonable searches arid seizures. Because Gilmore’s arrest was not unconstitutional, the seizure of his sign was also valid. See Meehan v. Thompson, 763 F.3d 936, 946 (8th Cir. 2014) (“[A] search incident to [an] arrest requires no additional justification.” (second alteration in original) (quoting United States v. Robinson, 414 U.S. 218, 235, 94 S.Ct. 467, 38 L.Ed.2d 427 (1973))); United States v. Baldenegro-Valdez, 703 F.3d 1117, 1125-26 (8th Cir. 2013); Moreno v. Turner, 572 Fed.Appx. 852, 857 (11th Cir. 2014) (unpublished) (“Because the war-rantless arrest was supported by at least arguable probable cause, [the officer] was also entitled to search [the arrestee] incident to arrest.”). Moreover, if the seizure was valid, we doubt Gilmore can assert a Fourth Amendment claim over the sign’s destruction. See Ali v. Ramsdell, 423 F.3d 810, 814 (8th Cir. 2005) (“We have considerable doubt whether an allegation that property appropriately seized in executing a valid search warrant but not inventoried and stored in the manner required by state law even states a claim under the Fourth Amendment.”); Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517, 538-39, 104 S.Ct. 3194, 82 L.Ed.2d 393 (1984) (O’Connor, J., concurring) (“[I]f the act of taking possession and the indefinite retention of the property are themselves reasonable, the handling of the property while in the government’s custody is not itself of Fourth Amendment concern. ... [A]ny losses that occur while the property is in official custody are simply not redressable by Fourth Amendment litigation.”). Gilmore therefore has not presented a clearly established right preventing the destruction of his sign under the Fourth Amendment. Furthermore, while a Fourteenth Amendment due process claim for the destruction of property may be an alternative avenue for redress, Gilmore failed to raise such a claim, and we therefore decline to analyze one.
E. Monell Claim
“A plaintiff may establish municipal liability under § 1983 by proving that his or her constitutional rights were violated by an ‘action pursuant to official municipal policy’ or misconduct so pervasive among non-policymaking employees of the municipality ‘as to constitute a “custom or usage” with the force of law.’ ” Ware v. Jackson Cty., Mo., 150 F.3d 873, 880 (8th Cir. 1998) (quoting Monell, 436 U.S. at 691, 98 S.Ct. 2018). Because Gilmore has failed to show any violation of his federal rights, this claim necessarily fails. See Sanders v. City of Minneapolis, 474 F.3d 523, 527 (8th Cir. 2007).
III. Conclusion
We affirm the judgment of the district court.
BEAM, Circuit Judge,
dissenting.
I. BACKGROUND
Plaintiff John Hugh Gilmore is an attorney in Minnesota and a recognizable politically conservative blogger and author. On June 16, 2011, two separate conferences or meetings were being held simultaneously on Nicollet Mall in downtown Minneapolis.
Gilmore attended one gathering called Right Online Conference, intending to later go meet and have dinner with friends. Matthew Glazer, a resident of Austin, Texas, was attending the other conference on the Mall, identified as NetRootsNation.
As Gilmore was on his way to dinner as planned, he came in contáct with two women wearing hijabs, a head covering worn in public by some Muslim women. A discussion ensued betweén Gilmore and the hi-jab-attiréd women concerning,' as noted by the court, Ayaan Hirsi Ali, a third Muslim woman. Ms. Hirsi Ali is 'an activist supporter of women’s rights, including reformation of traditional Islamic practices. She is also the author of a New York Times bestseller entitled Infidel, a much discussed and debated publication across the religious world. The women told Gilmore that they disagreed with Ms. Hirsi Ali, seemingly in no uncertain terms.
The discussions between Gilmore and the Muslim women, as reported by Glazer, became heated and Glazer gratuitously intervened on behalf of the hijab-clad women, resolutely demanding that Gilmore should “walk away” from the women. Gilmore responded in kind, telling Glazer he “should walk away;” This prompted Glazer to seek outside support through a 911 telephone call requesting police intervention. He told the police dispatcher that “a white male with gray hair, who was wearing sandals and all black, was yelling at passersby [the Muslim women] and using racial slurs” — utterances almost always in bad taste but in this case- clearly statements protected by-the First Amendment, even assuming the statements occurred as claimed. Glazer also told the dispatcher that Gilmore was “taking photographs” of the people he was communicating with, almost never a criminal offense when done on public occasions in public places. Since Nicollet Mall may be one of the most, if not the most, public place in the State of Minnesota and the discussion involved a well-known public figure and bestselling author, it is difficult to envision that such photography could be deemed criminal in nature, especially by trained police officers. This information was relayed to two police officers on patrol. Armed with these reasonably benign facts, they proceeded to the Mall.
When defendant Minneapolis police officers Dubuc and Stewart arrived on the scene via police car, they were hailed by Glazer who repeated to them that Gilmore had been screaming racial slurs at two women wearing hijabs and that he (Glazer) at some later point in time feared that Gilmore would assault him. The evidence does not disclose the nature of this avowed fear and there is, of course, no evidence that any assault or attempted assault occurred. Furthermore, Glazer stated under oath that he did not Inform the officers of this fear of assault until after they had already arrested Gilmore at a restaurant and returned to the Mall.-
But, even if the assault claim is at all relevant in this matter, I find no precedent, and the court cites none, supporting the proposition that an alleged “fear” of an assault would have incubated any form of constitutional or other violation by Gilmore — at least under the politically charged circumstances at work in this case. It is telling that there is also no evidence that Glazer ever informed the police officers of his own intentional, unprovoked, interventionist intrusion into Gilmore’s First Amendment-protected discussion with the Muslim women and later with Gilmore.
Between the time of the 911 phone call and arrival of the police, Gilmore had departed from the area to meet his friends at The News Room restaurant as originally planned. Thus, Glazer was the sole source of information about Gilmore presented to the defendant police officers both through the 911 call and the in-person communications at the Mall prior to Gilrhore’s unconstitutional arrest at the restaurant.'
The record establishes that Officers Du-buc and Stewart split up as they entered the restaurant referred to by Glazer to search for the white male with' gray hair wearing all black and sandals. Dubuc was first to locate Gilmore eating at a table. Diibuc approached Gilmore and without inquiry of any kind, ordered him to accompany Dubuc outside the restaurant. Gilmore responded, “No I’m good here.” Du-buc claims to have repeated his request and that Gilmore stated that he (Gilmore) was a lawyer, knew his rights and stated to Dubuc “you do not have PC” (probable cause), Dubuc then told Gilmore that if he did not walk out with him, he (Dubuc) “would have to physically remove him from the establishment.” When Gilmore did not submit to this threatened custody, Dubuc states that he applied “a left wristlock and began pulling Gilmore’s arm in an upward motion,” and Gilmore, submitting to Du-buc’s physical acts of custody, was removed from'the restaurant and confined in a police car. To make his custody more secure, he was placed in handcuffs by. the police officers.
Gilmore remained in this custodial arrangement until he was later transferred to a police transport vehicle, taken to Hen-nepin County Jail and booked for disorderly conduct and obstruction of legal process, both misdemeanors under Minnesota law. He was released from jail the next morning and later all charges were prudently dropped after the prosecutor learned there was a substantial dispute in the facts surrounding the arrest and also some concerns related to the credibility of some of the witnesses. Prior to the arrest by Officer Dubuc in the restaurant, Gilmore was never asked for his side of the story concerning the events on Nicollet Mall.
As Gilmore was confined in the police car at the Mall as a result of his arrest in the restaurant, the police officers, perhaps realizing the constitutional infirmity of the restaurant arrest, solicited Glazer to prepare, and tutored him in the completion of, a “citizen’s arrest form” supplied by them. And while not relevant to the false arrest at the restaurant, as I will shortly explain, it should be noted that when the police officers, subsequent to the arrest, finally got around to talking to persons at the scene other than Glazer and the co-complainant Muslim women, the officers were approached by an acquaintance of Gilmore’s, identified as Paul Carlson. Carlson informed the police that he observed the alleged confrontation that occurred prior to their arrival and stated that he “could not hear what was being said but [saw] that Gilmore was eight to ten feet away from the group of people [involved] and [Gilmore] had his hands in his pockets.”
With regard to the occurrences at the restaurant, the court contends that there “is a disputed fact whether Gilmore was given the opportunity to relay his version of events to the officers before being placed in handcuffs or in the squad car.” Ante at 833 n.4. There is no evidence of any such dispute, but the issue is irrelevant. Officer Dubuc states under oath that he arrested Gilmore with the wristlock at the dinner table Without offering any such opportunity before dragging him to the squad car waiting in the street. Accordingly, it is clear Gilmore was not asked to give “his version of events” prior to the unconstitutional Fourth Amendment violation.
In any event, the court correctly concedes that “[b]ecause wé must construe the facts [at issue] most favorably to Gilmore [under the motion to dismiss his claims via summary judgment], we assume the officers failed to ask for his side of the story.” Ante at 838 n. 4. And as the court further states “[i]n considering information given by a victim of a crime, an officer need not conduct a ‘mini-trial’ before effectuating an arrest although he cannot avoid ‘minimal further investigation’ [like seeking the potential arrestee’s side of the story] if it would have exonerated the suspect.” Ante at 833 (quoting Borgman v. Kedley, 646 F.3d 518, 523 (8th Cir. 2011)).
Here, the only purported victims of a crime prior to the arrest were Glazer and, possibly, the Muslim women. Thus, minimal further investigation, by asking for Gilmore’s side of the story and construing the facts most favorably to Gilmore as required, would have disclosed that his action with Glazer — the vigorous public debate and perhaps the alleged photography — were acts fully protected by the First Amendment.
II. DISCUSSION
Although not particularly relevant under the circumstances of this dispute, I concede that the court accurately sets forth the elements of misdemeanor conduct under the City of Minneapolis ordinances and the Minnesota state statute. I also concede that probable cause for such offenses is factually “determined ‘at the moment [an] arrest [is] made,’ [and] any later developed facts are irrelevant to the probable cause analysis for an arrest.” Amrine v. Brooks, 522 F,3d 823, 832 (8th Cir. 2008) (quoting United States v. Rivera, 370 F.3d 730, 733 (8th Cir. 2004)).
In this case, the arrest at issue occurred at the moment the physical, wristlock custody of Gilmore commenced in The News Room restaurant. Thus, at that crucial time, defendant police officers had only facts related by the police dispatcher and those obtained during their brief encounter with Glazer on Nicollet Mall, At that point, there was neither probable cause nor “arguable” probable cause established, and any Minneapolis ordinance or state statutory verbiage to the contrary would violate Gilmore’s First Amendment rights.
Officer Dubuc was informed by Gilmore that he possessed no probable cause to arrest. While probable cause is a question of law, it must be fundamentally based upon factual episodes emanating from specific unlawful actions. Here, Gilmore’s heated public discussions concerning Ms. Hirsi Ali, coupled with “taking photographs” on a public street and rejecting Glazer’s demand that he “walk away,” were all acts fully protected by the First Amendment’s Free Speech and Assembly Clauses.
In a supplemental report Officer Dubuc stated that Gilmore may have been intoxicated, was “mad” and would not communicate with him about the happenings at Nicollet Mall. Such statements were, of course, superfluous concerning the earlier arrest. Gilmore, believing he had been arrested and incarcerated in the police car without probable cause, had every right under the Fifth Amendment to remain silent. It must also be noted, as does the court . itself, that Gilmore was never charged with intoxication, only disorderly conduct and obstruction of legal process.
In the face of these questions of fact and law, the court contends that the officers, even if ultimately proven wrong, are nonetheless' entitled to a qualified immunity defense. The precedent of this circuit repudiates such a result.
“We review de novo the district court’s grant of summary judgment based on qualified immunity.” LaCross v. City of Duluth, 713 F.3d 1155, 1157 (8th Cir. 2013). And there can be no argument supportive of the idea that the Fourth Amendment permits a police officer to arrest and incarcerate a citizen without probable cause. “The right of the people to be secure in their person, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated _” U.S. Const, amend. IV. “The doctrine of qualified immunity protects government officials ‘from liability for civil damages [only] insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known.’ ” Duffie v. City of Lincoln, No. 15-2431, 834 F.3d 877, 881, 2016 WL 4435650, at *3 (8th Cir. Aug. 23, 2016) (quoting Pearson v. Callahan, 555 U.S. 223, 231, 129 S.Ct. 808, 172 L.Ed.2d 565 (2009)). And, in the face of the record and controlling constitutional law, there can be no way that a reasonable person, especially a reasonable police officer, would not have known that Gilmore’s arrest was wholly unconstitutional.
“Based upon that whole picture the detaining officers must have a particularized and objective basis for suspecting the particular person [arrested] of criminal activity.” Id. at 883, 2016 WL 4435650, at *4 (quoting United States v. Cortez, 449 U.S. 411, 417-18, 101 S.Ct. 690, 66 L.Ed.2d 621 (1981)). But, Officers Dubuc and Stewart relied solely on self-serving and incomplete statements from Glazer that did not contain information sufficient to create probable cause or even arguable probable cause to believe that Gilmore had committed a crime — specifically “disorderly conduct” as charged. And, had the officers reasonably sought the other side of the story as required by law, there would have been even less reason to physically accost and arrest Gilmore at dinner. See Borgman, 646 F.3d at 523. Accordingly, the officers are not entitled to qualified immunity. See generally Duffie, 834 F.3d at 882-85, 2016 WL 4435650, at *4-5.
The officers also charged Gilmore with obstruction of legal process, in violation of Minnesota Statute § 609.50 1(1). This charge sheds some light on the mind set of the officers in making the disorderly conduct charge as well.
The statutory language is comprehensive, ambiguous and vague, It has, however, been carefully cabined by the Minnesota Supreme Court in State v. Tomlin, 622 N.W.2d 546 (Minn. 2001) and State v. Pederson, 840 N.W.2d 433 (Minn. Ct. App. 2013).
The court adroitly avoids discussing this charge by hanging its “official immunity” hat solely on the disorderly conduct charge. Ante at 834 n.7. This was very wise because, as .limited by the Minnesota Supreme Court, an arrest under the statute requires a physical act against the arresting officer or an equivalent confrontation using “fighting words.” Tomlin, 622 N.W.2d at 548. There is, of course, not a scintilla of evidence to support this charge. When the obstruction charge is considered in concert with the derisive and unnecessary actions — uprooting and destroying of Gilmore’s political sign on Nicollet Mall— the created ambience becomes somewhat troublesome. It also makes Gilmore’s Mo-nell claim decidedly more extant.
III. CONCLUSION
In epilogue, I fully recognize and concede that policing is difficult, dangerous and uncertain work. Everyone who undertakes it should be respected. Today its rigors are, in my view, second only to military combat duty. So, my concerns in this case are in no way in derogation of these officers. When mistakes occur, however, they should be rectified.
It is possible that a properly instructed jury could reach a verdict for the defendants after hearing and reviewing all the evidence at a trial. On the other hand, a directed verdict on the issue of liability may also be the result. In any event, I believe the magistrate judge, the first judicial officer to deal with the facts and circumstances, was correct and a trial should be conducted.
Accordingly, I respectfully dissent.
. The Honorable John R. Tunheim, Chief Judge for the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.
. Ayaan Hirsi Ali is an activist, author, and former politician who calls for a reformation of Islam and is a prominent supporter of women’s rights.
.While Gilmore asserts that he was cooperative with the officers, he does not state that he voluntarily agreed to leave the restaurant when asked.
. We recognize that it is a disputed fact whether Gilmore was given the opportunity to relay his version of events to the officers before being placed in handcuffs or in the squad car. Because we must construe the facts most favorably to Gilmore, we assume the officers failed to ask for his side of the story. But Gilmore does not argue that he would have said anything that would have negated the arguable probable cause stemming from Glazer’s call and in-person account. C£ Kuehl, 173 F.3d at 648 (holding officers lacked arguable probable cause because they spoke with the suspect for only twenty seconds, ignored exculpatory evidence, and failed to document a separate eyewitness account in the police report). The only evidence Gilmore presents as exculpatory here is the fact that his version of events would have conflicted with Glazer’s. That amounts only to "information that cannot be immediately resolved.” Borgman, 646 F.3d at 523.
Gilmore also notes that the magistrate judge concluded Gilmore had made out a "prima facie case for false arrest,” which allowed Gilmore to amend his complaint to include a claim for punitive damages. The judge, however, was not reviewing the record at summary judgment, and that preliminary order does not conflict with a finding of arguable probable cause here.
. While an officer may not arrest a suspect if he is "aware of ... a videotaped account of the crime that conclusively establishes] the suspect's innocence,” there is nothing in the record to establish that any video evidence portrayed the full events at issue, and there is no evidence that the officers here were contemporaneously aware of any videos. Kuehl, 173 F.3d at 650.
. Gilmore argues there was insufficient evidence to suggest he was intoxicated at the time of arrest. We agree the parties dispute this issue, but the officers arrested Gilmore for disorderly conduct, not public intoxication.
. Because Gilmore’s arrest for disorderly conduct was lawful under the Fourth Amendment, we need not consider whether the alternate basis of his arrest for obstruction of legal process was valid. Moreover, the district court did not base its rulings on the obstruction of legal process statute and the city failed to address the obstruction charge in its brief.
The district court also correctly rejected Gilmore's Fourteenth Amendment claim, as false arrest claims brought under the Fourteenth Amendment are analyzed identically to those brought under the Fourth Amendment. See Walker v. City of Pine Bluff, 414 F.3d 989, .992 (8th Cir. 2005); Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386, 388, 109 S.Ct. 1865, 104 L.Ed.2d 443 (1989); McClennon v. Kipke, 821 F.Supp.2d 1101, 1104 n.4 (D. Minn. 2011) (noting that claims of unlawful arrest brought against state actors are analyzed under the Fourth Amendment standard). Gilmore does not contend otherwise.
. We note, however, that the officers in this case did not actually comply with the requirements of section 629.36, as Gilmore was never taken before a judge for “criminal processing."
. Although not mentioned by the district court, the record discloses that Mr. Glazer is, indeed, the President and Founder of Progress Texas, a politically liberal Texas-based organization, leading .one to suspect that his intervention, as discussed below, was a conservative/progressive political discussion not only protected but encouraged by the First Amendment.
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CASELAW
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Miss Limousin
Miss Limousin is a French beauty pageant which selects a representative for the Miss France national competition from the region of Limousin. Women representing the region under various different titles have competed at Miss France since 1970, although the Miss Limousin title was not used regularly until 1986.
The current Miss Limousin is Agathe Toullieu, who was crowned Miss Limousin 2023 on 1 October 2023. No Miss Limousin titleholders have gone on to win Miss France.
Results summary
* 1st Runner-Up: Sophie Vouzelaud (2006)
* 2nd Runner-Up: Cécilia Perrier (1992)
* 3rd Runner-Up: Angélique Dusservaix (1975); Michèle Viravaud (1977)
* 4th Runner-Up: Aude Destour (2018)
* Top 12/Top 15: Florence Bailet (1988); Priscilla Perrault (2000); Chloé Certoux (2008); Justine Posé (2009); Anaïs Berthomier (2017); Léa Graniou (2020)
Titleholders
From 1999 until 2005, the region competed under the name Miss Marche-Limousin. Prior to 1999 and after 2005, the region has competed as Miss Limousin.
Miss Corrèze
In 1977 and 1978, the department of Corrèze crowned its own representative for Miss France.
Miss Creuse
In 1976 and 1977, the department of Creuse crowned its own representative for Miss France.
Miss Haute-Vienne
In 1976 and 1977, the department of Haute-Vienne crowned its own representative for Miss France.
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WIKI
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[f7-cli]{v5.0.1}, [vite]{v2.4.4} minify html
hello
is there any way to minify the <template> part of a component ?
i can minify the ‘index.html’ with this plugin:
import { minifyHtml, injectHtml } from 'vite-plugin-html';
export default {
plugins: [
framework7(/*params*/),
minifyHtml(/*params*/),
injectHtml(/*params*/),
]
};
but it doesn’t efect the component files (page.f7)
thank you
Not possible at the moment, we had minifier in Webpack loader, but it produced a lot of errors with template literals in HTML, e.g. foo=${someVar}. I can recommend you to move to JSX Router Component | Framework7 Documentation, it is more powerful than templates, and in the end it actually compiles to pure JavaScript which can be greatly minified and compressed
thank you
i tried the jsx
it dosen’t compile to pure js the => $h`
i can understand why (the $h`` behavior)
anyawy, jsx should work faster at run time(??)
so i’ll stick with the jsx syntax
here is an example:
export default (props, { $h }) => {
return () => (
<div class="page">
<p>outer</p>
<p>
{true && $h`
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
`}
</p>
</div>
)
}
compile to =>
{
path:"/path/",
component: (e,{$h:t}) => () =>
Wa("div",{class:"page"},
Wa("p",null,"outer"),
Wa("p",null,t`
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
`)
)
}
You shouldn’t use $h in JSX:
export default (props, { $h }) => {
return () => (
<div class="page">
<p>outer</p>
{true && (
<p>
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
<span>inner</span>
</p>
)}
</div>
)
}
ok
now i get it
thank you
the syntax is a little bit wired,
especially for variable in string.
but i’ll get used to it
export default () => {
const cssClass = 'my-class';
return () => (
<div class="page">
{true && (
<div class={`block ${cssClass}`}>
<p>text</p>
</div>
)}
</div>
)
}
Yeah, you will get used to it, at least whole React community using it for years without complaining much. And as it is basically just a JS it has a lot of extra features, for example creating reusable parts in place like this:
export default () => {
const header = (
<div class="header">
{/* ... */}
</div>
)
const footer = (
<div class="footer">
{/* ... */}
</div>
)
const ListItem = ({ title }) => (
<li>{title}</li>
);
return () => (
<div class="page">
{header}
{[1,2,3].map((number) => (
<ListItem title={`Item ${number}`} />
))}
{footer}
</div>
)
}
awesome
i will definitely go with jsx
thank you
one last thing:
with respect to a normal component file (page.f7.html),
is there any positive/negative impact at run time?
[ i’m asking about the actual render (not file size) ]
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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0
Let's assume there is a macro stored in register 'r'
I can obtain the contents of this register by executing getreg('r'), but if I print this then it can often be unreadable.
I noticed though that if I execute :registers that the contents of the 'r' register is displayed in a readable format.
Is there a way to do this without calling :registers?
3
Assuming you want to put the register contents in a buffer use Normal mode command sequence "rp. That'll produce the same thing as you'd see with :reg r.
The thing with getreg() is that it doesn't attempt to output printable characters. For example, if register "r" contains a backspace and you send getreg('r') output to a buffer (e.g. with <C-R>=getreg('r') while in Insert mode) then the backspace will actually move the cursor back. But if you paste the register directly you'll see printable translations of everything. (Example: for me backspace is displayed as <80>kb.)
Note that there is a function that does similar translation to printable characters on whatever you pass to it called strtrans(). Modifying the Insert mode command mentioned above to be <C-R>=strtrans(getreg('r')) will display the same thing as "rp.
• 1
Sorry for the confusion, but yes you are right, the strtrans function is exactly what I was looking for :) – Steve Vermeulen Dec 15 '19 at 0:01
• 1
No worries. It seemed at first like you were looking for "rp but everyone beyond beginner knows that, right? Remembering strtrans(), though, and I was pretty sure I had what you were looking for one way or the other. – B Layer Dec 15 '19 at 0:40
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Best Ways to Curb Digestive Issues
Simple lifestyle changes can provide relief from gas, heartburn, lactose intolerance, and more
person holding bowl of cereal GettyImages-904876956
While indigestion and other gastrointestinal (GI) troubles can occur at any stage of life, they tend to become more common as we age. That doesn’t mean they’re inevitable, though. “These aren’t necessarily just a normal part of aging that you have to live with,” says Brijen Shah, MD, an associate professor of gastroenterology and geriatrics at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.
Adopting some lifestyle changes can make a big difference. We asked GI experts for their insights about what to do—and not do—to combat some of the most common digestive issues.
Heartburn
What it is: Whether it’s occasional or chronic heartburn (called gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD) the symptoms are the result of stomach acid flowing back into your esophagus. “The lower esophageal sphincter [a muscular ring] is the door between your stomach and your esophagus,” says Vijaya Rao, MD, an assistant professor of medicine at UChicago Medicine. “Acid reflux happens when that door opens too frequently.”
More on Wellness
What makes it worse: Carrying excess weight, especially around the middle, puts external pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter. In a 2021 study published by the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, people who had a body mass index under 25 (the cutoff point for being overweight) were 31 percent less likely to experience GERD than those who were overweight.
What makes it better: In addition to maintaining a healthy weight, the JAMA study found that four other lifestyle factors lowered the risk of GERD: not smoking; limiting coffee, tea, and soda to no more than 2 cups per day; exercising 30 minutes or more per day; and eating a healthy diet—one that’s rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and low in red meat and added sugars.
“If everyone adhered to the five factors, it could prevent 40 percent of GERD cases in the U.S.,” says Andrew T. Chan, MD, one of the study’s authors.
Some people may need to avoid or at least minimize certain foods, including caffeine, fatty foods, alcohol, chocolate, peppermint, garlic, onions, citrus, tomatoes, and carbonated beverages. “But I tell my patients that I don’t expect them to completely give up everything they love,” says Mona Rezapour, MD, a gastroenterologist at UCLA Health. Keep a diary of the foods you eat and when symptoms occur. “In a couple of weeks, a pattern might emerge.” Then you can focus on cutting down or eliminating the foods that seem to be triggers. Rezapour also suggests waiting 2 to 3 hours after a meal to lie down, because lying down can relax the lower esophageal sphincter. “You want gravity to work for you to help push food down into your digestive system,” she says. And when you do lie down, elevate your head with an extra pillow or by adding blocks under the head of your bed.
Constipation
What it is: Straining to have bowel movements and/or going less frequently.
What makes it worse: With age, gut motility (the ability of your digestive system to move food through) can slow down. Not eating enough fiber, drinking enough water, or getting enough exercise can also cause or worsen constipation.
What makes it better: “A high-fiber diet is important, but not all fiber is equal,” Rezapour says. Soluble fiber, found in foods like apples, citrus fruits, and oats, bulks up stool, so too much of it can exacerbate the problem. “Insoluble fiber [found in whole grains and vegetables] pulls water into the stool and helps ease constipation.” (Be sure to drink water when you increase fiber.) Staying active also promotes motility.
Gas/Bloating
What it is: A buildup of gas in the digestive system can leave you feeling overly full (bloated) and gassy. You may have stomach pains and feel the need to pass gas or burp to relieve pressure.
What makes it worse: Constipation can leave you feeling perpetually bloated. Gas can also be produced by swallowing too much air when you’re eating. Sucking on hard candies or chewing gum cause you take in more air. And certain foods (such as beans and cruciferous vegetables like cabbage and broccoli) can cause gas, as can suddenly increasing your fiber intake.
What makes it better: You could cut out foods known to increase gas, but you shouldn’t. “Many are really healthy foods,” Rao says. “I also see that people who eliminate foods that are high in fiber because they cause gas end up with constipation.” A better solution is to increase your intake of high-fiber and gas-producing foods slowly to allow your digestive system time to adapt.
Some experts also suggest a probiotic supplement. “An imbalance in your gut bacteria causes dysfunction in your GI system,” Rezapour says. “For some people, probiotics seem to help relieve gas, bloating, and pain.” But the evidence isn’t conclusive, so talk to your doctor. As with all supplements, the Food and Drug Administration doesn’t verify that probiotics have what manufacturers say they do, so you can’t be sure you’re ingesting exactly what the label claims.
Lactose Intolerance
What it is: Lactose, the sugar in milk, is broken down by the enzyme lactase. Lactase production decreases with age, which can lead to diarrhea and other GI symptoms when you eat dairy products.
What makes it worse: Consuming milk or other foods that have lactose.
What makes it better: You might not have to give up all dairy or rely on lactose-free milk or lactase supplements. (There’s not much evidence that the latter work all that well anyway.) Some dairy foods have little or no lactose, such as cheddar and Swiss cheeses. And the bacteria that’s used to make yogurt can “digest” the lactose in the milk. Also, research suggests that many lactose intolerant people can handle up to 15 grams of lactose—about what’s in a cup of milk—at a time, especially with a meal.
Editor’s Note: A version of this article also appeared in the May 2021 issue of Consumer Reports On Health.
Sally Wadyka
Sally Wadyka is a freelance writer who contributes to Consumer Reports, Real Simple, Martha Stewart Living, Yoga Journal, and the Food Network on topics such as health, nutrition, and wellness.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Hi, I'm Ray
C#: Handling invalid characters and duplicate filenames
Programming .NET C#
Posted on Thu 8th Jul 2021 and modified on Sat 12th Mar 2022
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This is a quick one. Whenever I’m saving a file, I’m checking for two things: invalid characters in the filename and whether that filename already exists. You might be relying on one of the dialog components to help you, which is fine. I find myself often writing bulk-exports or filename suggestions, so this helps me.
These are a couple of functions that help me out.
I can never seem to find them when I need them, so I’m continually writing them again. But enough is enough, I’m putting it down on paper.
Let’s get started.
1. Replacing invalid characters
This replaces invalid characters with a “-” and returns “untitled”, if the filename is blank.
public string CleanFilename(string value, string defaultValue = "untitled", string replaceChar = "-")
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value)) return defaultValue;
return string.Join(replaceChar, value.Replace(".", replaceChar).Split(Path.GetInvalidFileNameChars()));
}
2. Auto-naming for duplicate filenames
This adds a number (in brackets) at the end of duplicate filenames, starting at one. So, you’ll geta series of: “filename”, “filename (1)” and “filename (2)”.
public string AutoFilename(string filename)
{
if (!File.Exists(filename)) return filename;
string dir = Path.GetDirectoryName(filename);
string name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filename);
string ext = Path.GetExtension(filename);
int n = 0;
string newFilename = null;
while (true)
{
n++;
newFilename = string.Concat(dir, "\\", name, " (", n.ToString(), ")", ext);
if (!File.Exists(newFilename))
{
break;
}
}
return newFilename;
}
Well, that’s that.
I hope someone finds this useful.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Instructional design/Component Display Theory/CDT Checklist
Lesson Scenario Two
Financial Example Classify the content within a lower-division financial college course, we review the curriculum content to determine how we can classify the content to build instruction:
Fact: Annual financial reports are required to be completed by Local governments.
Concept: Financial information can be used to determine the “health” of a community. Principle: GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles), State laws, and local ordinances.
Process: The process of adopting a Budget from setting policy to appropriation (enacting the budget into law).
Procedure:
* 1) ) Prepare the budget calendar
* 2) ) Prepare and distribute budget instructions
* 3) ) Prepare revenue estimates
* 4) ) Prepare departmental expenditure requests, Interfund transfer requests & capital outlay request summary
* 5) ) Consolidate departmental requests, revenue estimates and submit to CEO for review and revision
* 6) ) Prepare the budget document
* 7) ) Present the document to the legislative body
* 8) ) Hold public hearings
* 9) ) Record the approved budget in the accounts
Now you try it
{Which of the following represents a FACT in a budgeting process? + There are 365 days in a year. - All departments of an organization must participate. - The budget document must be printed. Newspaper and online publication are both acceptable. - First copy last year’s dates, then adjust for the day of the week as needed, then determine who must be in attendance, then publish a newspaper announcement.
* type=""}
* Except for leap year, it is a fact that there are 365 days in a year.
* Not all departments have budgets, so they don't need to participate in the budget process.
* Although budget documents must be published, the form of publication varies by organization.
* This is an example of a procedure.
Next >> Review the CDT Matrix
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WIKI
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Home » Php » Many-to-Many Eloquent relationship update with Laravel Form Model Binding & Checkboxes
Many-to-Many Eloquent relationship update with Laravel Form Model Binding & Checkboxes
Posted by: admin November 1, 2017 Leave a comment
Questions:
I have 3 tables:
doors
• id
• name
• image
colors
• id
• name
• image
door_colors
• id
• door_id
• color_id
and 2 models with a many-to-many relationship (each door comes in a variety colors, and many colors overlap door-to-door):
Door Model
class Door extends Eloquent {
public function colors()
{
return $this->belongsToMany('Color', 'door_colors');
}
}
Color Model
class Color extends Eloquent {
public function doors()
{
return $this->belongsToMany('Door', 'door_colors');
}
}
I want to create a form where I can edit the door, and update the available colors via checkboxes.
This is my Admin Doors Controller
class AdminDoorsController extends AdminController {
public function edit($id)
{
$data['door'] = Door::find($id);
$data['colors'] = Color::all();
return View::make('admin/doors/form', $data);
}
}
and the Admin Doors Form View
{{ Form::model($door) }}
Colors:
@foreach ($colors as $color)
{{ Form::checkbox('colors[]', $color->id) }} {{ $color->name }}
@endforeach
{{ Form::close() }}
Question 1: How do I make it so that as the checkboxes are outputted, the ones with an existing relationship with the current door are checked and the ones without are unchecked.
Question 2: Once I check the boxes and hit submit, how would I update the relationships? $door->colors()->detach(); to clear all existing ones for this door, then $door->colors()->attach($color_id_array); to create new ones based on an array of color ids?
Any input is appreciated!
Answers:
Question 1: You should pass this into the view that contains your form, though it can also go right in the view, though that’s not really best practice. Do something similar to this…
$checkeds = Door::find(1)->colors()->lists('id');
…where the door you are finding is the door that’s being updated. Then before you output the checkbox in the loop, add
$checked = in_array($color->id, $checkeds) ? true : false;
Then you would change
{{ Form::checkbox('colors[]', $color->id) }}
{{ $color->name }}`
to
{{ Form::checkbox('colors[]', $color->id, $checked) }}
{{ $color->name }}
Question 2: There is actually a perfect method given to you for this. Use
$door->colors()->sync(Input::get('colors'));
It will both delete the old ones and add all the new ones in one shot.
Questions:
Answers:
Suppose you are modeling user and role and want to edit user with roles.
In your controller edit,
$user = User::find($id);
$roles = Role::lists('name', 'id'); // to populate all roles
In your template if you use select,
{{ Form::select('roles[]', $roles, array_pluck($user->roles, 'id'), ['multiple']) }}
In your controller update,
$inputs = Input::all();
$roles = $inputs['roles'];
$user->roles()->sync($roles);
// $user->fill($inputs);
// $user->save();
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Star Trek (arcade game)
Star Trek: Strategic Operations Simulator is a space combat simulation arcade video game based on the original Star Trek television program and movie series, and released by Sega in 1983. Star Trek uses color vector graphics for both a 2D display and a 3D first-person perspective. The player controls the Starship Enterprise and must defend sectors from invading Klingon ships. The game includes synthesized speech
The game was manufactured in two styles of cabinets: an upright standup, and a sit-down/semi-enclosed deluxe cabinet with the player's chair modeled after the Star Trek: The Motion Picture's bridge chairs with controls integrated into the chair's arms.
Star Trek was ported to the Commodore 64, TI-99/4A, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari 5200, Atari 2600, VIC-20, ColecoVision, and Apple II.
Gameplay
The player is presented with multiple views of the play field. Survival depends on the player's ability to effectively use and manage shield energy, photon torpedoes, and warp energy. These are replenished by docking with starbases, which sometimes must be saved from destruction at the hands of the Klingons.
The controls use a weighted spinner for ship heading control and buttons to activate the impulse engines, warp engines, phasers, and photon torpedoes. The phaser button is simply marked "fire."
Reception
Electronic Games stated in August 1983 that "Star Trek is sure to be a top-grosser in the arcades this year. If you can squeeze through the crowd around the machine, you may never want to leave."
ANALOG Computing wrote in January 1984 that the Atari 8-bit version "sounds a lot like Star Raiders (a classic worth aspiring to). Purists will shake their heads and say 'The first is always the best,' and in this case I must agree with them", adding that the arcade version was superior. The magazine concluded that "This incarnation of Star Trek probably won't impress a hard-core Atari computer gamer".
About 500 arcade machines were given away as part of a promotion for Halfsies cereal between 1982 and 1983.
In 2016, Den of Geek ranked Strategic Operations Simulator as one of the top four Star Trek games.
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WIKI
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News
The most effective method to Make Your Vehicle Look Like New
185Views
We as a whole love to hear our companions ask how we made our vehicle look so great, or how we keep it looking so new. It’s undeniably true that resale esteem is enormously impacted by how your vehicle looks and the better it looks, the more it is worth. Tragically, paying little mind to the amount we vehicle for our vehicle, the unavoidable does and will occur. Scratches, scratches and dings from street trash, bird droppings and tar from street work and development, sun harm, corrosive downpour and different things that are hindering to the completion and look of the vehicle. Here are a few hints on the best way to limit these things occurring and to diminish or eliminate their harm to your vehicle’s completion.
Bird droppings and tar are similarly hard to eliminate from the paint and chrome. Bird droppings are really acidic and will carve the paint or even chrome whenever left on too lengthy, particularly in the blistering sun. Most bird droppings will part ways with a little cleanser and water. Some might require dousing by setting a wet, grouped up paper towel straightforwardly on top of the spot and leaving it there until it turns out to be not difficult to eliminate. This is superior to picking at it as this can make paint chip or fall off on more established vehicles. Tar requires utilization of a unique tar expulsion shower. These are made so they won’t be burning to your paint and will rapidly eliminate the tacky tar.
Sun harm is for the most part going to dull your paint. This can be fixed by utilizing a vehicle clean or, in truly extreme cases with terrible oxidation, scouring compound. This will likewise work for eliminating most little scratches. Vehicle cleans and scouring compound come as either a fluid or glue and is applied to the paint in a round movement. After it dries to a cloudiness it is polished off with a perfect terry towel. Make certain to completely wash your vehicle first as the soil can contain impurities that will scratch your paint and aggravate it (make certain to utilize explicit vehicle cleaning arrangements as it were). This will make the paint smooth and ought to be circled back to either a defensive vehicle wax or vehicle clean. Engineered vehicle shines will endure longer, yet vehicle waxes truly do give the best sparkle. An incredible mystery of the enumerating geniuses is to utilize 2 layers of vehicle clean and afterward follow that with 2 layers of a carnauba wax. This will give you predominant insurance and a phenomenal display area new vehicle sparkle.
Scratches and dings ordinarily happen together. Parking garage dings are the most famous where , someones vehicle entryway will generally scratch the paint and leave a little ding. Most body shops will need $300 – $500 or all the more to fix a little ding and scratch. The most effective way to do this is utilize a paintless imprint evacuation master. They are in basically every town under names like Mark Wizard (Tip, use Gouge Wizard as they are awesome and least expensive) and they can eliminate practically any little imprint or ding. They will eliminate the whole ding for somewhere in the range of $30 and $90 and all you are left with is the scratch. A scratch can undoubtedly be filled in with touchup paint and a toothpick. You can purchase a little compartment of touchup paint for your careful variety at your nearby seller for under $10. Try not to involve a brush as it will continue excessively thick and make the touchup self-evident. A toothpick will put the paint straightforwardly in to the scratch or profound scratch.
Zayd Dana
the authorZayd Dana
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User:Abdishakur Issack Adan
Abdishakur Issack Adan(Somali: Cabdishakur Issaq Aadan, Arabic: عبد شكوراساق ادان; born 11 March 1991),
Abdishakur Issack Adan
Personal details
Born
11 March 1991 (age 32) Qoryoley, Somalia
Citizenship
Somalia
Spouse
Najmo Kassim Ali
Education
University of People (BA, BSE)
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Template talk:2016 United Kingdom local elections
EU Referendum
I think the EU referendum should be added to the local elections template as even thou it wasn't held on the same date as the local elections it was in the background when they took place especially in England and Wales, UKIP won several seats in the Welsh assembley directly in the run up to the vote. It should be recognised. (2A02:C7F:5621:2A00:959E:2D41:C66B:C798 (talk) 13:51, 21 January 2017 (UTC))
* This template is for local elections and referendums. National elections and referendums are on United Kingdom elections. I don't see the referendum being relevant here. Number 5 7 13:56, 21 January 2017 (UTC)
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Trump to sign legislation overturning arbitration rule
President Donald Trump will sign legislation overturning the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s mandatory arbitration rule Wednesday afternoon, according to a White House official. The president’s decision comes despite a personal appeal from CFPB Director Richard Cordray and veterans groups, who opposed a congressional vote to overturn the consumer watchdog's rule using the Congressional Review Act. The rule bans forced-arbitration clauses in contracts, making it easier for bank and credit card customers to sue to settle disputes. A banking industry representative applauded the news. “The CFPB’s rule was never about protecting consumers; rather, it was about protecting trial lawyers and their wallets,” said Richard Hunt, chief executive officer of the Consumer Bankers Association. “The bureau’s own study backs that up and proves trial lawyers would have been the real winners.”
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User:SageMauldin
Sage Alan Mauldin, the son of Stanley and Kimberly (Hinkle) Mauldin, is an inspiring Cognitive Neuropsychologist at the University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma. He was born on January 8, 1990 in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, where he lived until he was three-years-old. When his little brother, Scott Mauldin, was born on August 28, 1992, Stanley and Kimberly decided it would be best for the family to move to Holdenville, Oklahoma, where they would raise their two children on the Mauldin Family Farm.
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King Edward VII School, Melton Mowbray
King Edward VII School (KE7) was an LEA maintained 11-19 comprehensive secondary school in Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire in England which closed in 2011. The school was situated on a 56 acre green field site on the edge of Melton Mowbray. Formerly, the school was a public grammar school. A third phase specialist technology college, Microsoft Partner School, CISCO Academy and training college, the school received a range of awards for its work.
The school was one of the first in the country to offer Diploma in Digital Applications (DiDA) as a course, being one of the pilot schools for the qualification.
Location
King Edward VII School was located on Burton Road within the town. Because the campus was originally two separate schools (the grammar school and Sarson high school), there are two main entrances to the school. The south entrance now gives access to the Melton Rugby Club and King Edward VII Sports centre located on campus, following the demolition of the Sarson High School buildings. King Edward VII was established in 1910 and some of its original buildings still remain. Around the original core, however, a range of modern blocks have developed. The site now also incorporates a special school, which opened in September 2004.
History
In June 1909 the first head-teacher, Dr Fred Hodson was appointed; 93 applications had been received for the position. The School was christened the County Grammar School of King Edward VII. The school's royal authorisation to use the name was challenged, but before proof could be obtained the King died. It took an intervention from MPs before the Board of Education finally confirmed the new King had agreed the use of his father's name. On 13 April 1910 Thomas Cope, Chairman of Leicestershire County Council and, of the Education Committee, was presented with a key to the school by its architect, Mr Shelbourn. Mr Cope was something of a key collector due to all the new schools at the time. The first sports day took place on 20 June 1912. School houses were introduced earlier that year: Belvoir – red, Cottesmore – yellow, and Quorn – blue. Popular events included pillow fights, needle-threading, skipping races and bean bag races. In 1914 the first Old Pupils' Association was started with Bob Spikes, the school's first head boy as secretary. In 1931 plans for large extensions and rebuilding were discussed. In 1936 the building of the new assembly hall began, while the old domestic science block was replaced with a two storey block, which were finally opened on 25 November 1937. In the 1940s the Old Grammarians' started a memorial fund to build a pavilion for the school in memory of those who had died during the two world wars; it was opened on 24 July 1954. During 1958 two new buildings were built to the east of the original school. One of which was shared with the Boys Modern School. The Leicestershire Plan in 1959, the brainchild of Mr S C Mason, Director of Education at Leicestershire County Council, brought about a radical change in secondary schools in the Melton area. During this period, in 1964 the County Grammar School was renamed King Edward VII Upper School. Under the plan the Boys' Modern School and the Sarson Girls' School were phased out and replaced by three co-educational feeder schools, including the new Ferneley High School. The School campus continued to grow: in 1975 a new six form block was opened, and a new sports hall was built. The all-weather pitch and the music centre were opened in 1991, followed by the Community Sports Centre in February 1996. In June 1997 King Edward VII School gained Technology College Status. This set to work the major project of creating an Independent Learning Centre (Iliad) and improving the design facilities. The Iliad centre was opened in January 1998. On Tuesday 9 March 2010 the County Council Cabinet agreed to the proposal to close King Edward VII School in September 2011, as they predicted falling pupil numbers would make it unsustainable.
ICT facilities
The school used networked hubs in each subject area, video conferencing facilities, and extensive wireless networking for laptops. Over summer 2004 the school had completely replaced its ICT infrastructure and had over 500 computers, providing a computer ratio of 1:4 for students and laptops for all teaching staff. The school gained recognition from Microsoft for its innovative use of their technologies, particularly SharePoint. It was named one of just three Microsoft partner schools in the country. The IT team during this period up until the school’s eventual closure was led by Andy Dent, Jim Mackintosh then David Grimes. The latter moved across to lead the IT team at the newly built Melton Vale Post 16 Centre instead.
Awards
CISCO Award for Innovative use of ICT and British Council International School Award in 2003. The school was an Enterprise Pathfinder. Designated as a Training School in 2004. The school was an Investor in People. Regional Training Award 2003. SSAT Research and Development hub. Sportsmark and Artsmark accreditation.
Notable alumni
* Paul Anderson, Nottingham Forest F.C. footballer
* Graham Chapman, head boy, actor and founder member of Monty Python
* Terri Dwyer, actress
* Tony Fairbrother, flight test engineer on the maiden flight of the de Havilland Comet
* Robert Harris, writer
* John Henley, preacher
* Sean Lamont, and brother Rory Lamont, Scottish international rugby players
* Martin Lister, naturalist
* Dave Benson Phillips, comedian and television presenter
* Clive Standen, actor
* Adrian Scarborough, actor
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The Women of the American Revolution/Frances Allen
OF the men of strong energy of thought or action, who arrested public attention during the momentous period of the Revolution, there is scarcely one who assimilates at an to the zealous and erratic, yet firm and indomitable Ethan Allen. He had been schooled in the fierce conflicts in which New Hampshire on the one side, and New York on the other, contended for legal jurisdiction and sovereignty over the present area of Vermont; and his bold character had fitted him, when the people refused to submit to either, to be the functionary of popular win, in administering justice without law, and maintaining independence without a government. He possessed traits in common with William Ten, Wat Tyler, and Brennus, the conqueror of Rome; but was in himself unique and original, acting and thinking on the spur of occasion, as few other men have ever done. His views of theology were as curious as those of politics; yet he had fixed points for both; and when the contest of 1775 drew on, he boldly
* The reader is indebted for this sketch to the pen of Mr. H. R Schoolcraft.
grasped his sword, and by a sudden movement summoned Ticonderoga to surrender, "in the name of God and the Continental Congress." Here, then, were the two points of his faith, which led him forward in a series of bold and masterly movements and adventures; in which he was indeed but the exponent of the feelings and views of a bold, hardy, Tyrolese-like yeomanry, who had settled on the sides of the Green Mountains, and glowed with an unquenchable love of civil liberty. The result was, that they cast off effectually both the authority of New Hampshire and New York, and coming patriotically to the rescue of the United Colonies, at a time of "bitter need," secured their own independence, and gave the name of VERMONT to the pages of future history. In all this Ethan Allen was the leader; and it is upon him, more than any other individual, that we are to look as the founder of that patriotic State.
Whom such a man married-who became the counsellor and companion of his secret and private hours, it may be interesting to inquire! The results of such an inquiry are indeed as unique and original as the rest of the traits of his life, and show a curious correspondence, acting by reverse affinities, in the mysterious chain of the marriage tie. The wild and adventurous character of Allen's early life prevented him from forming a youthful attachment; and he had enacted his most daring scenes before he appears to have thought of it. It was owing to the curiosity and interest arising from the domestic recital of one of these daring adventures of the Green Mountain hero, that an acquaintance was brought about, which resulted in an attachment between two individuals from the antipodes of American society-the one a bold, rough, free-spoken democrat, and stickler for the utmost degree of power in the people; the other a well educated and refined young lady of high aristocratic feelings, the daughter of a British field-officer who had served with distinction in the ante-revolutionary French wars, and the grand-daughter of a proud veteran British artillerist, who had also served with reputation under the Duke of Marlborough, and came to America after the treaty of Utrecht, with the most extravagantly exalted. notions. not only of the part he had borne in the field, but of the glorious reign of Queen Anne, under whose banners he had served. Miss Fanny Brush, who was destined to be the wife of the bold Vermonter, was the daughter of Colonel Brush of the British army, whose military acts at Boston just before the Revolution, gave notoriety to his name. This officer had served under General Bradstreet, commanding at Albany, at whose mansion he became acquainted with, and married Miss Elizabeth Calcraft, the daughter of James Calcraft,'" a retired veteran of the army of Queen Anne, who enjoyed in a high degree the friendship and confidence of the British general. After the death of Colonel Brush, Mrs.
* This name is changed to SCHOOLCRAFT in that county, in a rather too graphic allusion to the last employment of the declining days of a soldier of fortune-a pilgrim of the sword from England, and withal a man of letters.
Brush, by whom he had but a single child, married Mr. Edward Wall, and removed with him to the township of Westminster, in Vermont. The position chosen by him for his residence, was one of the most beautiful and picturesque in that section of the fertile valley of the Connecticut. The settlement in that town, is one of the oldest and best cultivated in the State; and the society of that portion of the new district, which had originally been settled as part of the " New Hampshire grants," excelled, as it preceded others, in comforts and refinement. Such was at least the wealth and position of Mr. Wall, that he spared no expense in the education of his daughter, Miss Brush, who was sent to the capital of New England to complete her accomplishments. She was in her eighteenth year when Ethan Allen, liberated from the Tower of London, returned to his native State, with the fame of his daring deeds not a little exalted by reports of his sayings and doings beyond the water. Among other reports which probably had very little foundation, it was said that he had bit off a tenpenny nail while in the Tower of London. "I should like," said Miss Brush, one evening, in a mixed company in her father's parlor, "above aU things to see this Mr. Allen, of whom we hear such incredible things." This saying reached the ears of Allen, who soon after paid a visit to the house of Mr. Wall, and was introduced to Miss Brush. There was mutually an agreeable surprise. Both were manifestly pleased with the tone of thought and conversation, which ran on with a natural flow, and developed traits of kindred sympathies of intellect and feeling. It was late in the evening before Mr. Allen rose. He had not failed to observe the interest his conversation had excited in Miss Brush. "And now," said he, as he stood erect before her, and was about to depart--" and now, Miss Brush, allow me to ask, how do you like 'this Mr. Allen?' "
This was the initiative to an offer which resulted in the marriage of the parties. Mrs. Allen was a woman of more than the ordinary intellectual endowment; bold, striking, and original in her conceptions, and of singular facility and clearness in her expression. She was educated from early life to disbelieve in the capacity or general intelligence of the masses for efficient self-government. All her prejudices were nurtured in favor of the British Constitution as developed by Magna Charta, and administered by a king and ministers responsible to the nation; which form of government she believed to be above all comparison the best in the world. Yet, in spite of all these deeply-rooted prejudices, with a grasp of thought that could look at and examine questions of inherent right, on their original basis-with the abiding principles of the Christian faith to serve as a guide in judging of human duty in governments, and with the daily recurring practical examples of the conflicts of opinion between the Colonies and the mother country, which the American Revolution presented, she saw and acknowledged the wrongs inflicted on the Colonies-the justice of that cause in which they had, at length, banded for a higher measure of liberty, and the growing capacity of the people to maintain those rights, both by the sword and the pen. She was thus made an intellectual convert to the doctrines of the Revolution, and became a most useful and capable counsellor to Allen, in the subsequent critical periods of his life. Her mind was, indeed, a counterpart, in its boldness and originality, to that of her husband, whose intuitive mode of reaching conclusions enabled him to put into the shape of acts, what it might have sorely puzzled him sometimes to reason out; and what, indeed, if he could have reasoned ever so well, his bold and fiery zeal, and crushing rapidity of action, put him out of all temper to submit to the slow process of ratiocination. He also felt the happy influences of manners, opinions, and sentiments at once dignified and frank, yet mild and persuasive.
We have no means of access to Mrs. Allen's correspondence, which it is hoped some member of the family will give to the public. It is known that Allen did not confine his notions of human freedom and right, to questions of government only, in which he devoted himself so effectua1Iy during the struggle for independence; but that, mistaking the great theory of a SUBSTITUTE for the LOST TYPE OF RIGHTEOUSNESS IN MAN, he as boldly attacked the doctrines of revelation, as he had done the divine right of kings, in the person of George III., and the Guelph family. We have no copy of his writings on this head to refer to, and only allude to them for the purpose of denoting the meliorating effects of Mrs. Allen's opinions, superior reading, and influence on his mind. For he is believed to have relinquished these dangerous anti-Christian views prior to his death. One of his daughters, who inherited a disquisitive and metaphysical mind, and intellectual vigor, from her parents, joined a convent of nuns at the city of Montreal, in which she became an eminent example of charity in her order, and devoted her life to the most inflexible obedience to her vows.
Ethan Allen was many years his wife's senior. After his death, she married Dr. Penniman, of Colchester, Vermont, where she resided during the latter years of her life. By this marriage she had several children, and her descendants of the names of Allen and Penniman are numerous in that State. It was during her residence here, in the year 1814, that the writer of this sketch became personally acquainted with her. She visited his residence at Lake Dunmore, during that winter. She was then, perhaps, a lady past fifty years of age, of an erect figure, middle size, with an energetic step, and a marked intellectual physiognomy. Her animated eyes assumed their full expression, in speaking of her grand-father Calcraft, whose true name she said had been changed among the Palatine Germans of Queen Anne; whom she pronounced "a loyal Briton;" and whose military services under the Duke of Marlborough, she appeared to hold in lively remembrance.
In writing this sketch, the author has neither time to refer to Mrs. Allen's relatives in Vermont, for details to fill out the picture which is here attempted, nor even to refer to his own notes, made many years ago, when his memory of events, and of conversations with her, was fresh. This tribute may, at least, excite some other hand to do full justice to her character and memory. " Man is not born alone to act, or be The sole asserter of man's liberty; But so God shares the gifts of head and heart, And crowns blest woman with a hero's part."
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31+ How To Make A Robot Turn 90 Degrees Arduino Background
31+ How To Make A Robot Turn 90 Degrees Arduino Background. My pathfinding application works great and i know i am building the correct instructions for the robot to in many cases, your heading will be off of where it should be and you'll need to make a perfect 87 degree turn. How to make robot go straight?
Gravity: Analog Rotation Potentiometer Sensor for Arduino ...
Gravity: Analog Rotation Potentiometer Sensor for Arduino … from image.dfrobot.com
Today, we will be building a fully functional robot capable of i could have easily made a 3d print part in order to achieve these things but since most of the viewers don't in my case, this was at 115 degrees angle, but you might need to do some maths or trial and error to. Arrives the side sensor senses the line and then you can make a tank turn (by rotating the motors in opposite direction) so make sure you include them in your 90deg turn detection function. Sensor section, a control section, and driver section.
After completing the basic functions, we're now ready to give the arduino robot an upgraded arduino uses serial to send digital data to the computer — the computer can also use serial to send take a look at the code below and think about how you would make the car respond to objects less.
But i couldn't turn it 90 degrees exactly. We programmed the servos to work in opposite directions for a given amount of time in order to get the robot to make a 90 degree turn either right or left. Arduino mbot line follower made using mblock and the arduino ide. How can i rotate 90 degrees, or 180 degrees, or 360 degrees without a wheel encoder or compass or gyro sensor?
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Design–Expert
Design–Expert is a statistical software package from Stat-Ease Inc. that is specifically dedicated to performing design of experiments (DOE). Design–Expert offers comparative tests, screening, characterization, optimization, robust parameter design, mixture designs and combined designs.
Design–Expert provides test matrices for screening up to 50 factors. Statistical significance of these factors is established with analysis of variance (ANOVA). Graphical tools help identify the impact of each factor on the desired outcomes and reveal abnormalities in the data.
History
Stat-Ease released its first version of Design–Expert in 1988.
In 1996 the firm released version 5 which was the first version of the software designed for Microsoft Windows.
Version 6.0 moved to a full 32-bit architecture and fuller compliance with Windows visual convention and also allowed up to 256 runs for two-level blocked designs.
Version 7.0 added 3D surface plots for category factors and a t-value effects Pareto chart among many other functional additions. This version also includes the ability to type in variable constraints directly to the design in ratio form.
Version 9 incorporates split-plot factorial designs including two-level full and fractional factorials, general factorials and optimal factorials.
Features
Design–Expert offers test matrices for screening up to 50 factors. A power calculator helps establish the number of test runs needed. ANOVA is provided to establish statistical significance. Based on the validated predictive models, a numerical optimizer helps the user determine the ideal values for each of the factors in the experiment.
Design–Expert provides 11 graphs in addition to text output to analyze the residuals. The software determines the main effects of each factor as well as the interactions between factors by varying the values of all factors in parallel.
A response surface model (RSM) can be used to map out a design space using a relatively small number of experiments. RSM provides an estimate for the value of responses for every possible combination of the factors by varying the values of all factors in parallel, making it possible to comprehend a multi-dimensional surface with non-linear shapes.
The optimization feature can be used to calculate the optimum operating parameters for a process.
Distribution and events
Whilst Stat-Ease, Inc. is based in Minneapolis, MN, the software is used globally. To assist with distribution, the company partner with a number of external international software resellers and statistical support providers.
Alongside running regular online webinars demonstrating the software's functionality and tools, Stat-Ease, Inc. also host an annual DOE Summit; since 2020 this has been hosted online, although biennial conferences were held across Europe prior to this in collaboration with their international reseller partners.
Books referencing Design-Expert
Douglas C. Montgomery, “Design and Analysis of Experiments, 8th Edition,” John Wiley & Sons Inc; 8th edition (April 2012, ©2013).
Raymond H. Myers, Douglas C. Montgomery, Christine M. Anderson-Cook, “Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments,” John Wiley & Sons Inc; 3 edition (January 14, 2009).
Mark J. Anderson, Patrick J. Whitcomb, “DOE Simplified: Practical Tools for Effective Experimentation, 2nd Edition,” Productivity Press (July 30, 2007).
Patrick J. Whitcomb, Mark J. Anderson, “RSM Simplified: Optimizing Processes Using Response Surface Methods for Design of Experiments,” Productivity Press (November 17, 2004).
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Talk:Vizcaya Museum and Gardens
Villa
Please leave this page for the villa which does indeed give the link to the museum with full information. The Villa has been known on its own for years and we've been through this before. Please do not again do a redirect without discussion on this page. Thanks. Doc 05:00, 20 May 2006 (UTC)
Should this be merged with Vizcaya Museum and Gardens?
Pretty much the same place - I've been there - Marc Averette 03:09, 11 October 2006 (UTC)
* Not in my opinion. My thought would be that this article should be expanded on its original ownership, the archetect, the influence in the community etc. of this landmark home before it became a park. The museum article should focus on acquisition and development of the property as a museum and what it provides the public today. That would be my take, but it would be interesting to hear other thoughts. Doc ♬ talk 03:23, 11 October 2006 (UTC)
If it gets long then we might consider splitting it, but right now we have two stubs. I looked it up on this popularity checker and it shows this one page is more popular. This page also has a longer history then the other one so I am merging it here.--Jorfer 00:02, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
* Thank you. I never understood why there were two separate articles anyway. It'd be like, I dunno, the grounds of the Biltmore Estate having it's own article or something. I think there's more of a potential for a GA article with the combined info anyway, rather than one based on either.
* Vizcaya is one of the few things I do miss about not living in Miami anymore, but oh well... :) --Ebyabe 13:10, 21 February 2007 (UTC)
Yes, the administration at Vizcaya Museum and Gardens would prefer that these pages be merged with "Vizcaya Museum and Gardens" remaining as the main reference for branding purposes. For further consultation, please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>— Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:15, 8 September 2016 (UTC)
Not a replica, and not Venetian
The Villa Viscaya manor house is absolutely not a replica of any other house, villa or palace that exists elsewhere. It is an original work of architecture (and a very fine one at that) that incorporates elements of Italian Renaissance and Baroque style. Where did the author of this article get his or her information? Of course, no sources are cited. Furthermore, the Venetian style is an entirely differant style. Perhaps the author confused it with the opulent estate in Sarasota, Florida of John and Mabel Ringling called "Ca'd'Zan" which most definately resembles and was inspired by the Venetian style. Yes, they were members of the Ringling Brothers Circus business.
Mention should be made that this palational villa is surrounded by outstanding formal gardens, statuaries, fountains, hidden grottoes, etc. The grounds are gorgeous and they deserve more mention. Sadly, major damage from hurricanes has left in ruins such monuments as the sculptural breakwater barge in the bay that was designed to be an allegorical representation of Cleopatra's Barge, and the Peacock Bridge, which spanned a small canal that divides the estate with land now occupied by Mercy Hospital.
Finally, in my opinion, note should be made that Viscaya was selected as the setting where then President Ronald Reagan formally welcomed Pope John Paul II on the pontiff's first visit to Miami. <IP_ADDRESS> 04:14, 13 February 2007 (UTC)buddmar
Should this be merged with Villa Vizcaya?
Pretty much the same place - I've been there - Marc Averette 03:08, 11 October 2006 (UTC)
* Not in my opinion. They are the same place, but different subjects. This article should focus on the public use of what was a private landmark home. Its acquisition and development as a public space and what it represents today. The Villa article should focus on the building of the house, the architect, the owner and his involvement in the area at the time etc. Doc ♬ talk 03:27, 11 October 2006 (UTC)
* Oh. I was just curious, since they deleted my old Parrot Jungle entry and merged it on Parrot Jungle Island and those are two different places, as a matter of fact the old park is still open as Pinecrest Gardens. Seems like a bit of a double standard here. - Marc Averette 03:41, 11 October 2006 (UTC)
* It was just "Vizcaya", without any differentiation, as far as I remember. I went there several times before moving from Miami. I was surprised to see two separate articles for it. I think it should be merged, with sections devoted to different parts of it's history. For example, like The Barnacle. Just my two cents...
Notability claim
* "...internationally-known architect F. Burrall Hoffman." Is this from a travel brochure? This is Hoffman's single masterpiece. But "internationally-known"? No. --Wetman 16:56, 27 June 2007 (UTC)
I saw a travel brochure with it in it in Argentina if that means anything.--Jorfer 16:48, 28 June 2007 (UTC)
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified 1 one external link on Villa Vizcaya. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
* Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20080630013141/http://www.preservationnation.org:80/travel-and-sites/sites/southern-region/vizcaya-and-bonnet-house.html to http://www.preservationnation.org/travel-and-sites/sites/southern-region/vizcaya-and-bonnet-house.html
Cheers.—cyberbot II Talk to my owner :Online 08:09, 28 June 2016 (UTC)
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified 4 one external links on Villa Vizcaya. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
* Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20140927013641/http://www.flheritage.com:80/facts/reports/places/index.cfm?fuseaction=ListAreas&county=Dade to http://www.flheritage.com/facts/reports/places/index.cfm?fuseaction=ListAreas&county=dade
* Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20100412135545/http://www.vizcayamuseum.org:80/learn-history.asp to http://www.vizcayamuseum.org/learn-history.asp
* Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20080630013141/http://www.preservationnation.org:80/travel-and-sites/sites/southern-region/vizcaya-and-bonnet-house.html to http://www.preservationnation.org/travel-and-sites/sites/southern-region/vizcaya-and-bonnet-house.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080603000929/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap_travel/20080521/ap_tr_ge/travel_yesterday_s_places_endangered_places to http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap_travel/20080521/ap_tr_ge/travel_yesterday_s_places_endangered_places
Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 18:07, 21 July 2016 (UTC)
Heading for the Vizcaya Heist
The article about Vojislav Stanimirović has a link to the heading "The Vizcaya Heist". This heading appears to have been changed in the article to "1971 robbery", but the sources I can access (one is blocked) do not describe the "heist" in sufficient detail to say if the crime was a robbery, burglary or a theft. They only say that the arrested people were found in possession of stolen items. While one source uses the term "robbery", this can sometimes be used in error to refer to a theft or a burglary. What distinguishes a robbery from a theft is that a person was threatened with violence or the application of force in order to steal the property, while a burglary would be committed if the stealing was effected as a result of the thieves entering the building while it was closed to the public. Just a theft would have happened if the property was stolen while the building was open to the public and nobody realised the property had been taken until the thieves had left. What were the circumstance of the "heist" and was it really a robbery, or just a theft or burglary that occurred? Who was threatened or hurt if it was a robbery? These facts should be mentioned in the article to establish the nature of the crime. What one source says happened is not enough to say if the source is correct in using the term to describe the crime accurately. - <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:16, 29 March 2022 (UTC)
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WIKI
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Talk:La Verne, California
Origin of Name
I changed the wording of the last sentence of the first paragraph, which mentioned that the name "La Verne" was chosen based on an incorrect assumption about French. I don't know enough French, or enough about the history of La Verne, to verify this, but the source I found does not mention it. I removed my fact tag, since the source I found seems to contain most of what's in the first paragraph, or seemed to when I glanced over it, anyway. — Preceding unsigned comment added by VagueHorizon (talk • contribs) 08:04, 17 August 2007 (UTC)
* I corrected the information about the French origins of the name. The City of La Verne site says that "La Verne" is "a French term meaning 'growing green' or 'spring-like.' This is demonstrably incorrect, at least as far as the wording goes. Structurally, "La Verne" would be a noun, not an adjective, and it doesn't mean "green" or "spring-like." There is however an archaic word for the alder tree in french, le vergne, and if the Bixby sisters thought they were naming their area something French-ish, this seems the likely source. (c.f. the entry for Vergne in the French Wikipedia and verne in the French Wiktionary . --Scelerat (talk) 01:31, 15 December 2007 (UTC)
External links modified
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* Added archive https://archive.is/20160602200744/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html
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External links modified
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External Links Modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians!
I've added a bit of pop culture to the La Verne page which is that actor Christian Slater served 90 days in the La Verne jail in 1998 for domestic assault — Preceding unsigned comment added by Brookeaguirreasu (talk • contribs) 21:35, 29 April 2022 (UTC)
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WIKI
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Rosy economic data belies a harsh reality for many Americans | TheHill
To read the economic reports coming out of Washington, you might assume that the American economy is firing on all cylinders. But beneath this rosy picture is a much darker reality. Most middle- and lower-income Americans have not shared in the economy’s economic advances over the last several decades. If the economy slides off with job losses, many middle- and lower-income Americans will face financial difficulties that could be even more extreme than those in 2008. Yes, the market is up, and unemployment is the lowest it's been in nearly 50 years. But education, health care and, in many places, housing are much more expensive than they once were, even as wage growth has fallen flat. The broader economy may be steaming ahead, but consumer borrowing, particularly student debt is at an all-time high. Today, 40 percent of Americans would struggle to come up with $400 in the face of a crisis, with many choosing to sell something or take a loan to come up with the cash. Many Americans, particularly those living in America’s heartland, exist on the knife’s edge. Aggregates and averages obscure the economic turmoil that’s opened wounds in places like Dearborn, Mich., and York County, Pa. While enhanced inequality may be the end result of these divergent trends — that’s certainly where many in Washington focus their attention — the underlying issue is disparate economic opportunity. The sorts of jobs that were once gateways to the middle class — like manufacturing jobs that came with defined-benefit pensions — are being replaced by low-wage positions and chances to join the “gig economy." When you set home values aside, many middle- and working-class American families have become progressively less wealthy. In a downturn with job loss, it is hard to see how millions of customers will have the resources to repay the growing mountain of consumer debt in a timely fashion. Even if, as in 2008, the downturn’s trigger emanates from outside the banking sector, banks will still be caught up in the fray and blamed at least in part for the ensuing crisis. No doubt a downturn of this sort will start another wave of regulatory rebukes and public orders. An Occupy Wall Street-type reaction — fanned by millennials who freshly remember the foreclosures and student-loan debt of the last crisis — will likely follow. More national leaders will clamor for firings and clawbacks. There will be new demands for wealth redistribution, with particular venom for lenders. But it’s not too late. To avoid the future abyss, business leaders should take proactive steps to help middle- and lower-income Americans establish firmer financial footing, taking the lead from several banks and bankers, including JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon and IberiaBank CEO Daryl Byrd. That means supporting individual efforts to acquire skills without being infected with what some call “student debt disease.” Already, public officials with political sensibilities as disparate as Democratic L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti and former President George W. Bush economic advisor Glenn Hubbard are working separately to make community college affordable and accessible to wider swaths of the population. But efforts like theirs need more support from the private sector — and it’s in the private sector’s interest to make those investments now, before the next crisis is upon us. Next, both the public and private sectors need to improve America’s financial literacy so that hard-working citizens can avoid abuse from the likes of check cashers, pawnbrokers and payday lenders. Moreover, employers need to work with public officials to ensure that more Americans take advantage of untapped public programs established to benefit them; programs like the Earned Income Tax Credit, which supplements low-income salaries but is overlooked by 20 percent of those who are eligible to take advantage of it. The financial community also needs to develop more flexible ways for individuals and families to work their way out of delinquent housing and other consumer debt. In some cases, the solutions will weigh down a corporation’s balance sheet over the short-term. But the long-term benefits will prove well worth the investment. Bankers and industry leaders need to determine where there is consensus and how to move forward. No matter the rosy economic picture today’s headlines indicate, the challenges ahead of the next recession are real. Facing down this risk is a matter of self-interest. Dealing with it now is a matter of considerable industry importance. Eugene Ludwig is the founder and CEO of Promontory Financial Group, a global risk management and regulatory compliance consulting firm. From 1993 to 1998 served as President Bill ClintonWilliam (Bill) Jefferson ClintonBen Shapiro: No prominent GOP figure ever questioned Obama's legitimacy The Hill's 12:30 Report: Trump tries to reassure voters on economy 3 real problems Republicans need to address to win in 2020 MORE's Comptroller of the Currency. View the discussion thread. The Hill 1625 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 tel | 202-628-8503 fax The contents of this site are ©2019 Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc.
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NEWS-MULTISOURCE
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./ham/gpredict, Gnome satellite tracking program
[ CVSweb ] [ Homepage ] [ RSS ] [ Required by ] [ Add to tracker ]
Branch: pkgsrc-2018Q4, Version: 1.3nb19, Package name: gpredict-1.3nb19, Maintainer: pkgsrc-users
Gpredict is a satellite tracking program for Unix-like operating systems.
Whilst still in its infancy it already sports some very useful features:
* Realtime satellite tracking
- using a world map displaying its footprints
- using a list showing current position and elevation
- AOS/LOS Time
- detailed satellite orbit data
- display of track plot
* Realtime antenna tracking control
* Control over radio equipment control by means of hamlib library
Required to run:
[devel/GConf] [www/curl] [graphics/goocanvas]
Required to build:
[pkgtools/cwrappers] [pkgtools/x11-links]
Master sites:
SHA1: a02a979fb68f9be8b9294a7c4ca248aaecd73b34
RMD160: ad9104a332f91bf877ac2cb5328c168233c6fc5b
Filesize: 4639.051 KB
Version history: (Expand)
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Talk:Crystal Palace pneumatic railway
how about using magic word notoc, until this article gains in length. Emesee (talk) 22:33, 19 October 2008 (UTC)
— (Moved the following text here from the main article)
Just to add some corrections
Hello I've just read this WIKI entry and as someone who has lived in Penge since 1988 I can confirm it isn't accurate.
The tunnel was found after a search by a Marquis (?) in the dry summer I believe of 1991/2. It was in the local newspaper the News Shopper with a small display set up in the visitors hut in the park itself. If I remember correctly the initial plans for the tunnel were lost when the Crystal Palace itself burnt down in November 1936 and the other plans lost in a flood at the British Museum. The chap who searched for the tunnel that summer would hitch a ride with the local police helicopter and take aerial shots of the park hoping to use the very dry spring and summer that year to expose the outline of the tunnel. He did find it with a display of photographs clearly showing the outline of the subterranean tunnel which was apparently about two hundred yards long and ran parallel to Crystal Palace Park road from the site where there was once a permanent fair ground at the lower south eastern end of the park towards Penge and running uphill north westwards ending before the private fishing lake.
I myself saw the subsequent excavation in the autumn of that summer; my children used the One O'clock Club day nursery which was in Crystal Palace Park Road. I clearly remember looking at the small excavation site where a hole approx: 20 x 20feet about ten feet deep exposing the tunnel roof.
I believe that when the park was handed over to Bromley Council from the GLC in the 1980's Bromley made great improvements and restored old features of the park and the tunnel had been hoped to be found and restored as a feature. I'm not sure what happened after that as the excavation hole was filled in and that was it. I had previously read of the story of a woman walking her dog and finding the tunnel with the supposed Victorian clad cadavers in another local newspaper the South London Press in the early 1980's. So it's all a bit of a lovely mystery but rest assured the tunnel was re found as I have shown.
Lawrence Jenkins 29/3/2013 — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:30, 10 May 2013 (UTC)
Rediscovery
I've added a request for the rediscovery of the tunnel in 1992. The tale still has a good deal of traction locally, and ill-founded discoveries like this one still emerge from time to time. I'd welcome some clarification of this, but I'm not hopeful.--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:29, 15 December 2016 (UTC)
* The "Marquis" (see previous post) is a is a prominent local archaeologist, real name Dr Per von Scheibner, originally from Berlin. Apparently he advises LFB about the dangers when new, unmapped and unexpected holes in the ground appear. As before, information from quality local news sources very welcome.--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:09, 15 December 2016 (UTC)
* Belated thanks to User:Steamybrian2 for the fix—obviously the 1992 report was "fake news".--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:30, 30 October 2017 (UTC)
External links modified
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I have just modified 3 external links on Crystal Palace pneumatic railway. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090612050712/http://www.lda.gov.uk/upload/pdf/Crystal_Palace_Park_-_Conservation_Plan_20050419142008.pdf to http://www.lda.gov.uk/upload/pdf/Crystal_Palace_Park_-_Conservation_Plan_20050419142008.pdf
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100212071034/http://www.capsu.org/library/documents/0040.html to http://www.capsu.org/library/documents/0040.html
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WIKI
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Nauvoo, originally called Commerce City, was founded in 1839 by leader of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), Joseph Smith. Smith renamed the town Nauvoo, an ancient biblical word meaning "How beautiful upon the mountains." The Mormons had purchased the land, much of which was covered by swamps, after they were expelled from Missouri.
The city of Nauvoo thrived for several years before conflicts with surrounding towns and internal disagreements resulted in the revocation of the city’s charter. In 1845 and 1846, the Mormons were forced to abandon the city and follow the Mormon Trail to the west. By the end of 1846, the first groups of Mormons had arrived in Utah.
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FINEWEB-EDU
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Author:Emerson Ellick Sterns
Works
* Preliminary catalog of Anthophyta and Pteridophyta reported as growing spontaneously within one hundred miles of New York City, co-author with N. L. Britton and four other members of the Torrey Botanical Club, (1888)
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WIKI
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Herpes Medication without Prescription – Yes There Is!
0
A lot of people seek “alternative” or natural methods of treating herpes outbreaks or herpes medication, so they don’t have to take these medications along with the hostile reactions that can be associated with treatment like this. Sometimes, preventing herpes outbreaks is as easy as making a few lifestyle adjustments and cutting the stress in life. Having a healthier diet and getting rest at night can play a huge part in the herpes treatment. Even some folks can treat themselves with no prescription medications required.
As mentioned before, there are particular herbs and vitamins that can aid in suppressing outbreaks and form a stronger immune system. Also, there are other means you can combat your herpes outbreaks like having a good diet overall, keeping weight at a healthy range, getting regular exercise, and attempting to remain as healthy as possible. Managing and reducing the stress in life is another good way to boost the immune system and keeping yourself herpes-free and healthy.
herpes treatments
Is there a cure for herpes?
Everybody who’s infected with herpes is faced with numerous life-altering changes. It isn’t easy to know that you’ve just been diagnosed with whatever STD, particularly one that can be as major as herpes. There will certainly be numerous questions that you’ll need to answer in the long run. Probably the first question is that “Will there be a cure for herpes?”
Unfortunately, there’s currently no herpes cure, and there’s no vaccine to prevent individuals from getting the herpes virus. Once an individual gets herpes, it lies dormant in them. Even if it may remain latent for long periods, it’s still in the body. Outbreaks may occur even though you look “cured” and haven’t had troubles with herpes in years. At times, certain stress or illness or events in life can initiate a herpes outbreak when you have not had one in years.
Since there is currently no cure for herpes, the following step will be to know what kinds of treatments are accessible for the herpes virus. This is vital for your own wellbeing and health as well as your partner’s health. Knowing which treatments can work best for you is extremely important in aiding you to protect your partner/s from getting the virus.
Herbs can also help prevent herpes outbreaks.
Herbs can also help prevent herpes outbreaks.
Can you Transmit Herpes to Other People While Being Treated?
You have to know the truth that even with treatment, still, you can transmit herpes to others. If you’re in the active phase of herpes, you’re much more likely to transmit this virus to other folks. Since individuals with treatment frequently have lesser symptoms, then it can be tough to tell when you’re in the active phase and it’s best just constantly opt for protection. Even though you aren’t noticing any sores or blisters, you could still transmit the virus to your partner.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Nepāla
Etymology
Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from, which has been suggested to be from + a word for “abode, house.” If this hypothesis is right, the name would refer to villages in mountain valleys.
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WIKI
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User:Amol Latpate
Amol Latpate
Born ⇒ Amol Latpate 25 April 1999 (age 15) Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
Residence ⇒ Sudershan Nagar, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Nationality ⇒ Indian
Other names ⇒ Prince, King
Alma mater ⇒ Vinayakrao patil School, Maharashtra
Occupation ⇒ Student
Parents ⇒ ∘Vasantrao Latpate,∘Ushabai
Relatives ⇒ •Santosh Latpate (brother),•Suraj Latpate (brother)
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WIKI
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Artery
the blood vessel that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to other organs rather than lungs
An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body. Almost all arteries carry blood with a lot of oxygen in it. The only arteries that do not carry oxygen-rich blood are the pulmonary artery, and (in a fetus) the umbilical artery.[1]
Every artery has three layers. The outer layer is a thick covering made of stretchy tissue. The middle layer is made of muscle, so the artery can get wider or get smaller when the body needs it to. The inner lining is made of the same cells that line the heart.[2]
Arteries are deep under the skin. They do not have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards. Instead, every time the heart beats, the arteries stretch out so the blood has room to go through. Once the walls have completely stretched out, the muscles in the arteries make them shrink back to their normal size. This pushes the blood through.[1]
Arteries split down into small vessels called arterioles.
Important arteriesEdit
The aortaEdit
The body's major arteries. Notice how they all branch off of the aorta.
The aorta is the main artery in the human body. It starts in the left ventricle of the heart, which is full of blood that just picked up oxygen in the lungs. (This is called oxygenated blood - meaning it has a lot of oxygen in it.) The left ventricle pumps this oxygen-rich blood out through the aorta. The aorta brings this blood to every organ in the body.[2]
The aorta runs all the way from the heart to the bottom of the abdomen. Along the way, smaller arteries split off the aorta, like branches on a tree, to bring blood to different parts of the body. The aorta finally ends by splitting off into the two arteries that bring blood to the legs.[2]
Except for the pulmonary artery, every artery in the body is connected to the aorta.[2] Some other important arteries include:
• The carotid arteries, which bring blood to the brain, head, and face
• The femoral arteries, which bring blood to the legs
• The coronary arteries, which bring blood to the heart
The pulmonary arteryEdit
The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the adult body that:[3]
• Does not connect to the aorta; and
• Carries blood that does not have much oxygen in it. (This is called deoxygenated blood.)
The body uses the oxygen carried in the other arteries to make energy. The blood in these arteries becomes deoxygenated - it does not have much oxygen left in it. This blood then travels through capillaries to get from the arteries to the veins. The veins' job is to carry the deoxygenated blood back to the right side of the heart. The pulmonary artery carries this blood from the heart's right ventricle to the lungs. In the lungs, the blood can pick up more oxygen.[3]
After picking up more oxygen, the blood travels back to the left side of the heart and is pumped out to the body by the aorta. This cycle continues, over and over again.[3]
Problems with arteriesEdit
Arterial bleedingEdit
Because the heart pumps blood right into the arteries, the arteries are under a lot of pressure.[1] Unlike the veins, the arteries are always stretching and then squeezing to push blood through them to the body. Because of this, an arterial bleed - bleeding from an artery - can be a medical emergency, especially if the artery is big. Arterial bleeding can happen very quickly. For example, if a person's femoral artery is cut, they can bleed to death.[4]
If an artery in the brain starts bleeding, the bleeding can cause a stroke.
Arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosisEdit
Diagram showing the effects of atherosclerosis on an artery.
When a person has arteriosclerosis, the walls of their arteries get harder, stiffer, and less stretchy. This makes it more difficult for blood and oxygen to get through the arteries to the body's important organs.[5]
One type of arteriosclerosis is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease where the arteries get narrower because they are clogged up with things like cholesterol and fat. Like a clog in sink pipes makes it harder for water to get through the pipes, clogs in arteries make it more difficult for blood to get through. This makes the heart have to work harder to push blood through the arteries. Atherosclerosis is a big risk factor for high blood pressure and heart disease.[5]
When atherosclerosis happens in the coronary arteries, it can cause coronary heart disease. If these arteries get too clogged, the heart will not get the blood and oxygen it needs to survive. This can cause angina, a heart attack, heart failure, or even sudden death.[5]
When atherosclerosis happens in one of the arteries in the brain, it can cause a stroke.
AneurysmsEdit
An aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of an artery. It is like a little balloon, filled with blood, coming off the artery.[6] As the aneurysm gets bigger, it is more likely to break. If the aneurysm breaks ("ruptures"), the artery will start bleeding. If the artery is big, a person could bleed to death. Also, if an artery is bleeding, blood cannot get through it. The part of the body that the artery is supposed to feed will not get the blood and oxygen it needs. A ruptured aneurysm is a medical emergency.[6]
Related pagesEdit
ReferencesEdit
1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Artery: Anatomy". Britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. January 14, 2016. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Anatomy of the Aorta and Heart". Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute – Aortic Program. Cedars-Sinai. 2016. Archived from the original on February 11, 2016. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Maton, Anthea; Hopkins, Jean et al. (1999). Human Biology and Health. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-981176-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
4. "U.S. Navy Standard First Aid Manual, Chapter 3: Bleeding". United States Navy. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Mendis, Shanthi; Puska, Pekka; Norrving, Bo (2011). Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control (PDF) (1st ed.). Geneva: The World Health Organization, the World Heart Federation, and the World Stroke Organization. pp. 3–18. ISBN 9789241564373.
6. 6.0 6.1 DeBakey, Michael E. (September 12, 2014). "Aneurysm: Pathology". Britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Listen to change events instead of listening to ref updates
At the moment the plugin is listening to all ref-updated events. It
then filters for 'refs/changes/*' refs and parses the change and patch
set information out of the ref name in order to add the reviewers for
this change/patch set.
This works fine except when Gerrit sends the ref-updated event before
the new patch set is created in the database (see issue 2181). Because
of this the plugin cannot add reviewers when a change is rebased in
the WebUI or if modifications to the access rights are saved for
review.
Change the plugin to listen to change events instead of listening to
ref-updated events since for the change events is it ensured that they
are only fired after the patch set and change have been created in the
database.
Saving modifications to the access rights for review is currently not
triggering a change event, but this is fixed by [1].
[1] https://gerrit-review.googlesource.com/51282
Bug: issue 2181
Change-Id: Ib971f5aa2ae5fc19141f1680b1292efa2757bbf8
Signed-off-by: Edwin Kempin <edwin.kempin@sap.com>
2 files changed
tree: 3248c3d10e17f2e349042b1eb1d65486146a15d8
1. .gitignore
2. .settings/
3. LICENSE
4. pom.xml
5. src/
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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If you are looking into cannabidiol (CBD) oil, you will probably come across facts about CBD tinctures as well. CBD oil dropper bottles appear to be everywhere, from cosmetic shops to convenience stores and everywhere in between. However, with the introduction of a new product, comes a trove of information to process.
While CBD oils and tinctures come in similar packages, there are some key differences. We are here to aware you of everything you need to know about the distinctions between CBD oils and tinctures to pick which is right for you.
What Exactly Is CBD Oil?
CBD oil is the most potent and pricey type of CBD. In addition to cannabinoids, there are healthy fats, protein, vital vitamins, and minerals. People are already incorporating CBD into food and drink preparations for more organic ingestion.
CBD oils of base oils or carrier oils. These base oils are in charge of diluting CBD, making it easier for the body to absorb. These oils are a combination of coconut oil, MCT oil, and hemp seed oil. CBD oil is the most often utilized cannabidiol for therapeutic purposes. Cannabis oil will be extracted from the plant by producers. In certain circumstances, extractors will separate pure CBD from the hemp plant.
On the other hand, others will take out every possible cannabinoid discovered. CBD oil is commonly the most powerful of all CBD formulations. As a result, it may be the most costly.
What exactly are CBD Tinctures?
The term tincture refers to any drug stored in an alcohol formulation. CBD tinctures, while produced from cannabis, are not like CBD oil.
These tinctures are usually hemp extracts (in liquid form) mixed with alcohol, glycerol, or cinnamon/peppermint oil. CBD tinctures can be taken sublingually in the same way that CBD oil is. Cannabidiol tinctures, as opposed to CBD oil, have a low CBD concentration. These tinctures have a lengthy storage life, and dosing differs based on the consumer. CBD tinctures have greater efficacy than CBD oil.
When compared to oil, the CBD ratio in tincture is lower. It is mainly because of the addition of other compounds to enhance flavor. Some components include – vital nutrients such as B12, D, C, and others; sweeteners; herbs; water; melatonin; and essential oils such as basil, lavender, and others.
What Is the Difference Between CBD Oils and Tinctures?
A Brief History
Cannabidiol, often known as CBD, has grown in popularity recently as a cure for several medical ailments and general well-being. According to several studies, CBD possesses the most potent therapeutic qualities of all the cannabinoids contained in the cannabis plant. CBD is frequently known for its medicinal benefits to patients because of its non-psychoactive nature. Patients can get health benefits from CBD oils or tinctures without getting stoned. Improvements to the following are among the most important advantages:
1. Mood
2. An increase in metabolism
3. Disease resistance
4. Pain alleviation
5. Sleeping
6. Better appetite
7. Memory conservation
Some Key Differences Between Oils and Tinctures
1. Method of Consumption
CBD oil is ingestible via vaping, while CBD tinctures are usually consumable with food due to their alcoholic base.
2. Taste
When CBD oil is consumable orally, it has a disagreeable taste. It can leave an oily residue instead of a tincture, which comes in numerous flavors such as cocoa, peaches, vanilla, and others and allows for rapid administration when taken sublingually.
3. Base
Cannabidiol comes as an oil carrier/base in CBD oil, while CBD tincture, on the other hand, is based on alcohol. Both replicate the same therapeutic qualities, irrespective of their base. They are frequently used to treat inflammation, tension, and anxiety, among other things.
4. Pricing
The cost of every cannabidiol product depends on its strength, effectiveness, extraction procedures, and other factors. On average, the price of CBD oil and CBD tincture is around the same. However, high-quality CBD oil is usually more costly than a tincture.
5. Life Expectancy
CBD Tinctures have a longer storage life than CBD oil since they develop with preservative-like compounds like ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. Expired CBD oil is identifiable by the presence of a cloudy substance in the oil. Keep CBD products away from direct sunlight to extend their shelf life.
Similar Features and Benefits
CBD oils and tinctures are ingestible sublingually. Both routes of intake are discrete, have little or no euphoric effects, and aid in inflammation. However, oils lack the additional flavor of some CBD tinctures. Overall, it boils down to THC choices and capacity, as well as personal taste.
Locating a High-Quality CBD Oil or Tincture
Because the FDA does not regulate CBD like pharmaceuticals and supplements, it is critical to purchase intelligently. Whatever CBD product you are looking for, it is advisable to discover a reliable CBD producer who offers current and complete certifications (COA) for all of their goods.
COAs should include the following information:
• CBD potency is the amount of CBD in a product (and THC, if applicable)
• Full-spectrum vs. broad-spectrum cannabinoid profiles
• Contaminants – you do not want an adulterated/impure product
• Keep an open eye for the manufacturing date – look for a current COA no older than a year
• Look for a company that is entirely open about the origins of its hemp.
Takeaway
Both oil and tincture consumption methods are discrete and have almost no psychotropic effects. Now that you are aware of the facts, you can determine which option is ideal for your purpose of consumption.
The choice between oil and tincture is usually a matter of personal preference. Whether you are concerned about the taste, how to consume your cannabidiol, or the cost, there are numerous benefits to using CBD-infused products for general well-being.
The post CBD Tincture and Oil; Are They the Same? appeared first on InsightsSuccess.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/VIRAT
The result was no consensus. King of ♥ ♦ ♣ ♠ 01:33, 2 July 2009 (UTC)
VIRAT
* ( [ delete] ) – (View AfD) (View log)
One-year-old on-going research program DARPA. Non-notable; too early to tell if this will gain any traction. Text mainly came from the RFP document, hence reflecting the viewpoint of DOD program, and not in encyclopedic style. Vsion (talk) 16:11, 18 June 2009 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Software-related deletion discussions. -- TexasAndroid (talk) 17:27, 18 June 2009 (UTC)
Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Ron Ritzman (talk) 00:34, 25 June 2009 (UTC)
* weak delete it has multiple external sources and the technology will be definitely be notable if it works as envisaged. If it proves to be dead-end research then that wouldn't make it automatically non-notable either. As the nominator says though I think it's just a big too early to tell, and there isn't (afaict from a quick google) much concrete that can be encyclopaedically said about it. What tips this !vote to a delete is that the article as stands would need a complete rewrite to become encyclopaedic in style. Thryduulf (talk) 22:41, 22 June 2009 (UTC)
* Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so consensus may be reached.
That's in addition to the DARPA document, the Ars Technica article, and the SatNews story, which the article already has. Topic is notable and while any article could use some improvement, I'd hardly consider the tone unencyclopedic. In fact, I'd say keeping track of little-known areas like this is one of the strengths of Wikipedia's model. Squidfryerchef (talk) 16:14, 28 June 2009 (UTC)
* Keep. Here's another source: DARPA Contract Description Hints at Advanced Video Spying (Washington Post Oct 19 '08).
* Keep. As the above editor mentioned -- there are already multiple external sources (including the Washington Post), so it definitely meets notability. I think deletion is totally unreasonable -- reason for deletion was non-notable, which has been shown to be untrue -- it would have been more appropriate to mark it as a stub and/or 'needs expansion' ... and I'd be glad to discuss suggestions for rewriting all or part of it on the article's talk page.Jrtayloriv (talk) 23:34, 29 June 2009 (UTC)
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WIKI
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Cut & Move
Cut & Move is the second full-length studio album by hard rock band Day of Fire, released on June 6, 2006. The album was produced by Pete Thornton, who has worked with the likes of Limp Bizkit. "Run" was the theme song for WWE Unforgiven 2006. It is the band's only album as a five-piece.
Credits
* Josh Brown - vocals
* Chris Pangallo - Bass
* Joe Pangallo - Guitar
* Gregg Hionis - Guitar
* Zach Simms - drums
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WIKI
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Vaaranam Aayiram (soundtrack)
Vaaranam Aayiram is the soundtrack album for the 2008 film of the same name directed by Gautham Vasudev Menon, and features music by Harris Jayaraj, following four successive soundtracks with the director. The album was under production from one-and-a-half years and featured seven songs written by Thamarai and Na. Muthukumar. The album was distributed by Sony BMG and released on 24 September 2008. The soundtrack for the Telugu dubbed version titled Surya S/o Krishnan featured lyrics by Veturi and was released on 30 October 2008.
The soundtrack album opened to positive reviews and fetched multiple accolades. Upon release, Vaaranam Aayiram became the most downloaded Tamil album and was listed among the top 20 digital downloads. It is considered to be the most played and repeated soundtracks in music streaming platforms till date, a record for a Tamil album. It was the last soundtrack from the collaboration with Jayaraj and Menon, after they parted ways post the film's release, until they worked together in Yennai Arindhaal (2015).
Album information
The soundtrack album was under production from late 2007, features seven songs; six of them written by Thamarai and one song by Na. Muthukumar and an instrumental song. The track "Mundhinam Partheney" was played during Krishnan's (Suriya) meet with his first love Malini (Simran). The track was considered to be a favourite for many music critics and audiophiles. A sample of tunes and beats is inspired from the 1987 song "Faith" from the studio album of the same name by George Michael. The song "Yethi Yethi" sung by Benny Dayal, was picturised on Suriya's early life in his teenage. It was shot at the Elliot's Beach, along with the LIC headquarters in Chennai and Napier Bridge.
"Adiye Kolluthey", which was recorded by Benny Dayal and Shruti Haasan, was shot at the University of California in Berkeley, where few scenes were being filmed. This song featured in the first trailer was raved by audiences, which also led a popular distributor in North India to fetch the film rights for the highest bid. Following the anticipation, a rough cut of the song was leaked into the internet, creating uproar among the film crew. The song "Nenjukkul Peidhidum" is picturised with Surya's (Suriya) first meet with Meghna (Sameera Reddy) in a train, where Suriya recognizes his love at first sight. It was shot at various locations including India Gate, Mumbai Taj Hotel, Taj Mahal, Egmore Junction and Anna Nagar Tower Park and few sequences being filmed in set. The track "Oh Shanthi" was played during Surya's visit to United States in search of Meghana.
"Ava Enna", sung by Karthik and backing vocals by V. V. Prasanna, was picturised during Surya's grief over the loss of Meghana, and started drugs and alcoholism to ease his pain. "Annal Mele Panithuli" is played at Surya's first meet with Priya (Divya Spandana) after his army training and was sung by prominent Carnatic musician Sudha Raghunathan.
Release
The audio was initially scheduled for release on 15 June 2008, once the film's production wrapped in May 2008. But producer Venu Ravichandran opposed the plans for the launch, due to the Dasavathaaram, one of the highly anticipated films of the year was scheduled for release on 13 June 2008, two days before the audio launch, slated. During August 2008, Harris Jayaraj started re-recording works on the film score and soundtrack. The audio rights were purchased by Sony BMG, whom Ravichandran introduced into the Tamil market with Dasavathaaram for a highest bid. Harris later handed the master copy of the soundtrack on 10 September 2008 to Sony BMG, whom fixed the audio launch date as 24 September 2008.
As a unique promotional camp, the songs from the albums were released to four leading radio stations in Chennai, with one song per station, in attempt to popularise it five days before the official launch. The move by Sony BMG was the first of its kind in Indian cinema. The audio was released in Sathyam Cinemas in Chennai, with the film's cast and crew in attendance, and a live performance from Harris Jayaraj and his musical team.
Reception
The album received positive reviews from music critics. A reviewer from Indiaglitz stated the album is "one of the best soundtracks from Harris Jeyaraj and Gautham Menon's collaboration", further calling it as "energetic" and "entertaining". Malathy Sundaram from Behindwoods gave a 4 out of 5 rating and praised the album calling it a "blockbuster written all over". Pavithra Srinivasan from Rediff gave a 3.5 out of 5 rating and called that "Harris Jayaraj has set out to provide quality music with a difference". Karthik Srinivasan of Milliblog called that "the soundtrack is a fantastic example of a set of mesmerizing tunes used with the right vocals and appropriate backgrounds, making a solid impact".
Legacy
The song "Mundhinam Paarthene" inspired a 2010 Indian film of the same name. Similarly, the Silambarasan-starrer Achcham Yenbadhu Madamaiyada directed by Menon himself was earlier titled Sattendru Maarudhu Vaanilai, adapted from one of the verses from the song "Nenjukkul Peidhidum", but was later renamed due to copyright issues.
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WIKI
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Chapter 26 Bio Lecture
Card Set Information
Author:
kickenbugg
ID:
53919
Filename:
Chapter 26 Bio Lecture
Updated:
2010-12-06 22:23:36
Tags:
Bio lecture
Folders:
Description:
Ch 26 "Bacteria/Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains"
Show Answers:
1. biofilms
formed by many microbial communities
2. filaments
prokaryotes in the form/shape of a chain
3. peptidoglycan
• a polymer of amino sugars
• produces a meshlike structure around the cell
4. Gram Stain
a test that separates most types of bacteria into two distinct groups (gram-pos and gram-neg)
5. gram positive bacteria
retain violet stain out of gram-negative cells
6. gram-negative bacteria
• gram negative cells can pick up the couterstain
• appears pink/red
7. flagella
• slender filaments that extend from a cell
• made of flagellin
• helps with movement
8. quorum sensing
a density sensing technique
9. bioluminescence
a process that allows bacteria to emit light
10. obligate anaerobes
oxygen-sensitive organisms
11. facultative anaerobes
prokaryotes taht can shift the matabolism between anaerobic and aerobic modes
12. aerotolerant anaerobes
• cannnot conduct cellular respiration
• no damaged by oxygen when it is present
13. obligate aerobics
prokaryotes unable to survive without oxygen
14. photoautotrophs
perform photosythesis
15. photoheterotrophs
use light energy but get carbon atoms from other organisms
16. chemolithotrophs
obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic substances
17. chemoheterotrophs
obtain both enerygy and carbon atoms from organic compound(s)
18. dinitrifiers
bacteria that release nitrogen as nitrogen gas
19. nitrifiers
oxidize amonia to nitrate
20. Nitrogen fixers
convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia
21. lateral gene transfers
transfers that move from one prokaryotic species to another
22. thermophiles
"heat-lovers"
23. spirochetes
• gram negative bacteria
• characterized by filaments
24. Chlamydias
• smallest bacteria
• lives in parasites of cells
25. High-GC Gram-positives
have relatively high ratio of G-C to A-T base pairs
26. cyanobacteria
has blue pigment
27. vegitative cells
photosythetic
28. spores
resting stages that can survive in harsh environmental conditions
29. heterocysts
cells specialized for nitrogen fixation
30. low-GC Gram-positives
have a lower ratio of G-C to A-T nucleotide base pairs
31. endospores
heat resistant resting structure
32. staphylococci
• includes low GC gram positive
• form boils and sores
33. mycoplasmas
lack cell walls
34. proteobacteria
largest group of bacteria
35. extreme halophiles
live in salty environments
36. Koch's postulates
rules talking about different organisms causing specific diseases
37. invasiveness
a pathogens ability to multiply in a host's body
38. toxigenicity
a pathogenics ability to produce toxins
39. endotoxins
released when gram-negative bacteria grow or lyse
40. exotoxins
soluble proteins released by living, multiplying bacteria
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Page:Transactions NZ Institute Volume 13.djvu/9
Editor desires to acknowledge the assistance received from Mr. Buchanan, of the Geological Survey Department, and from the officers of the Lithographic Department, in the production of the plates.
He also wishes to say that, in all but a few instances, a marked improvement has taken place in the character of the manuscript, which has greatly facilitated the printing of the work.
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WIKI
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0
How to access the current Shotgun connection parameters?
I'm writing a python package which relies on data from the shotgun integration package. Specifically, I need to know what the shotgun's current connection URL is. After doing some research I think this cannot be done without getting dirty.
Any ideas?
Thanks.
댓글 4개
• 0
Avatar
Jon Morley
Hi José,
If RV is connected to Shotgun then you should be able to use the following to locate that information:
try:
from pymu import MuSymbol
print "_url", MuSymbol('shotgun_mode.theMode')()['_shotgunState']['_serverURL']
except:
print("ERROR: Could not get Shotgun URL!")
Hope that helps. Please let us know.
Thanks,
Jon
• 0
Avatar
José M. Calvo
Yes this worked.
Thanks :)
Jose M.
• 0
Avatar
Jon Morley
Awesome!
• 1
Avatar
(Michael) Kessler
It was recently brought up that this doesn't provide the desirable server if you have multiple servers. With RV+Shotgun (starting around Version 6), we started managing licenses a bit differently. You can now use:
from pymu import MuSymbol
sessionData = MuSymbol("slutils.retrieveSessionsData")
getServerUrl = MuSymbol("slutils.getServerUrlFromSession")
# Ask for current session data, get the first one which is the active one, then extract the server url.
print getServerUrl(sessionData()[0])
댓글을 남기려면 로그인하세요.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Silah
Silah may refer to:
* Michael J. Silah, American admiral, director of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps
* Sileh, a village in Iran
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WIKI
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UPDATE 1-Russian steel producer NLMK's quarterly core earnings fall 43%
(Adds details, quotes) MOSCOW, Feb 12 (Reuters) - Russian steel producer NLMK said on Wednesday its fourth-quarter core earnings fell 43% year-on-year as revenues slipped on weak global steel prices as well as major repairs to a key blast furnace at the company’s Lipetsk site. Fourth-quarter earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) fell to $480 million, down from $847 million during the same period the previous year. “The situation on steel product markets in 2019 was rather challenging,” Chief Financial Officer Shamil Kurmashov said, adding that the price dive was so deep that the company estimates 80% of global hot rolled coil production was loss-making last year. “The margins in the sector were further pressured by increasing prices for raw materials,” Kurmashov said. The year saw U.S. consumption slip 1% and European demand fall 4% compared to the previous year, NLMK said. Russian consumption grew 8% however to 45 million tonnes, breaking a record set in 2014 on the back of demand from the construction and energy sectors, the company said. This beat NLMK’s own expectations of 3-5% domestic steel demand growth in 2019. However, the company expects domestic demand to slow to 1.1% in 2020, its presentation to investors showed on Wednesday. The effect of the coronavirus outbreak and related restrictions on production in China is a “wild card” that could have an indirect negative effect on steel prices due to subdued economic activity, NLMK said. “(But) the visibility of the impact on the global steel consumption is currently low,” it added. NLMK has been conducting major repair works to a blast furnace at its core site in Lipetsk in central Russia, which the company said resulted in a 3% reduction in steel sales in 2019 compared to the previous year. Steel output at the Lipetsk site is expected to increase in the first quarter of 2020, NLMK said, rising to match levels seen in the first quarter of 2019 as the overhaul comes to a close. NLMK’s board recommended a fourth-quarter dividend payout of 5.16 roubles per share, equivalent to 148% of its free cash flow, the company said. Shares in NLMK on the Moscow exchange were up 1.3% at 0828 GMT. (Reporting by Andrey Kuzmin and Polina Ivanova; Writing by Polina Ivanova; Editing by Louise Heavens)
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NEWS-MULTISOURCE
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AXA H1 underlying profit up 5% helped by property & casualty unit
By Laura Lenkiewicz
Aug 3 (Reuters) - French insurer AXA AXAF.PA on Thursday posted a better-than-expected 5% increase in half-year underlying earnings, driven by higher premiums and below-average damage claims for natural catastrophes in the company's property and casualty (P&C) business.
Its half-year underlying profit reached 4.11 billion euros ($4.49 billion), above the 3.96 billion euros forecast in company-compiled consensus.
"The increase in pricing we are observing now is the result of inflation and the rise in reinsurance rates," said Alban de Mailly Nesle, AXA's chief financial officer, in a conference call with journalists.
AXA also said on Thursday it had agreed to buy Irish health insurer Laya from Corebridge Financial, a subsidiary of AIG AIG.N, for 650 million euros to expand its position on the European health market.
Europe's second-biggest insurer after Germany's Allianz ALVG.DE reported a jump to 235% in its end-June Solvency II ratio, a key measure for its financial health, up 20 percentage points from end-Dec and above the estimate of 222%.
AXA said its damage claims from French riots in late June and July amounted to around 125 million euros, and their impact was already included in the insurer's half-year report.
90% of those damages were incurred by businesses and professionals rather than private households, Frédéric de Curtois, AXA's deputy chief executive, said in a conference call.
The total cost of insurance claims following the urban unrest amounted to 650 million euros, mainly affecting professional and local authority property, according to the French insurers association France Assureurs.
($1 = 0.9136 euros)
(Reporting by Laura Lenkiewicz; Editing by Kirsti Knolle)
((Laura.Lenkiewicz@thomsonreuters.com;))
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
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NEWS-MULTISOURCE
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Write Syntax
Warning! This page documents an earlier version of InfluxDB, which is no longer actively developed. InfluxDB v1.7 is the most recent stable version of InfluxDB.
Syntax is always a challenge to remember, so here’s a reference
Line Protocol
The syntax for the line protocol is
measurement[,tag_key1=tag_value1...] field_key=field_value[,field_key2=field_value2] [timestamp]
For example:
measurement,tkey1=tval1,tkey2=tval2 fkey=fval,fkey2=fval2 1234567890000000000
Whitespace
A space must exist between the measurement and the field(s), or between the tag(s) and the field(s) if tags are provided. The measurement and tags must be separated by a single comma , with no whitespace.
There must also be whitespace between the field(s) and the timestamp, if one is provided.
Valid (value and otherval are fields, foo and bat are tags)
measurement value=12
measurement value=12 1439587925
measurement,foo=bar value=12
measurement,foo=bar value=12 1439587925
measurement,foo=bar,bat=baz value=12,otherval=21 1439587925
Invalid
measurement,value=12
measurement value=12,1439587925
measurement foo=bar value=12
measurement,foo=bar,value=12 1439587925
measurement,foo=bar
measurement,foo=bar 1439587925
Timestamps
Timestamps are not required. When no timestamp is provided the server will insert the point with the local server timestamp. If a timestamp is provided it must be separated from the field(s) by a space. Timestamps must be in Unix time and are assumed to be in nanoseconds. A different precision can be specified, see the HTTP syntax for details. We recommend using the least precise precision possible as this can result in significant improvements in compression.
Key-value Separator
Tag keys and values, and field keys and values must be separated by the equals sign = without spaces.
Escaping Characters
If a tag key, tag value, or field key contains a space , comma ,, or an equals sign = it must be escaped using the backslash character \. Backslash characters do not need to be escaped. Commas , and spaces will also need to be escaped for measurements, though equals signs = do not.
Comments
# at the beginning of the line is a valid comment character for the line protocol. All subsequent characters are ignored.
Data Types
Measurements, tag keys, tag values, and field keys are always stored as strings in the database.
string values have a length limit of 64 KB. All Unicode characters should be valid, although commas and spaces require escaping. Backslash characters do not require escaping, but may not be used directly preceding a comma or space. (Note that string field values have different quoting and escaping rules than the measurement, tag, and field name string syntax.) The field location="us-west" stores a string value.
Field values may be stored as float64, int64, boolean, or string. All subsequent field values must match the type of the first point written to given measurement.
float64 values are the default numerical type. 1 is a float, 1i is an integer.
int64 values must have a trailing i. The field bikes_present=15i stores an integer and the field bikes_present=15 stores a float.
boolean values are t, T, true, True, or TRUE for TRUE, and f, F, false, False, or FALSE for FALSE
string values for field values must be double-quoted. Double-quotes contained within the string must be escaped. All other characters are supported without escaping.
Examples
Simplest Valid Point (measurement + field)
disk_free value=442221834240i
With Timestamp
disk_free value=442221834240i 1435362189575692182
With Tags
disk_free,hostname=server01,disk_type=SSD value=442221834240i
With Tags, With Timestamp
disk_free,hostname=server01,disk_type=SSD value=442221834240i 1435362189575692182
Multiple Fields
disk_free free_space=442221834240i,disk_type="SSD" 1435362189575692182
Escaping Commas and Spaces
total\ disk\ free,volumes=/net\,/home\,/ value=442221834240i 1435362189575692182
In the above example, the measurement is written as total disk free and the tag key volumes has a tag value of /net,/home,/
Escaping Equals Signs
disk_free,a\=b=y\=z value=442221834240i
In the above example, the tag key a=b has a tag value of y=z
With Backslash in Tag Value
disk_free,path=C:\Windows value=442221834240i
Backslashes do not need to be escaped when used in strings. Unless followed by a comma, space, or equals sign backslashes are treated as a normal character.
Escaping Field Key
disk_free value=442221834240i,working\ directories="C:\My Documents\Stuff for examples,C:\My Documents"
In the above example, the second field key is working directories and the corresponding field value is C:\My Documents\Stuff for examples,C:\My Documents.
Showing all escaping and quoting behavior
"measurement\ with\ quotes",tag\ key\ with\ spaces=tag\,value\,with"commas" field_key\\\\="string field value, only \" need be quoted"
In the above example, the measurement is "measurement with quotes", the tag key is tag key with spaces, the tag value is tag,value,with"commas", the field key is field_key\\\\ and the field value is string field value, only " need be quoted.
Caveats
If you write points in a batch all points without explicit timestamps will receive the same timestamp when inserted. Since a point is defined only by its measurement, tag set, and timestamp, that can lead to duplicate points. When InfluxDB encounters a duplicate point, the field set becomes the union of the old field set and the new field set, where any ties go to the new field set. It is a best practice to provide explicit timestamps with all points.
Measurements, tag keys, tag values, and field keys are never quoted. Spaces and commas must be escaped. Field values that are stored as strings must always be double-quoted. Only double-quotes should be escaped.
Querying measurements or tags that contain double-quotes " can be difficult, since double-quotes are also the syntax for an identifier. It’s possible to work around the limitations with regular expressions but it’s not easy.
Avoid using Keywords as identifiers (database names, retention policy names, measurement names, tag keys, or field keys) whenever possible. Keywords in InfluxDB are referenced on the InfluxQL Syntax page. There is no need to quote or escape keywords in the write syntax.
All values in InfluxDB are case-sensitive: MyDB != mydb != MYDB. The exception is Keywords, which are case-insensitive.
CLI
To write points using the command line interface, use the insert command.
Write a Point with the CLI
> insert disk_free,hostname=server01 value=442221834240i 1435362189575692182
The CLI will return nothing on success and should give an informative parser error if the point cannot be written. See InfluxDB CLI/Shell for how to import data from a file using the CLI.
HTTP
To write points using HTTP, POST to the /write endpoint at port 8086. You must specify the target database in the query string using db=<target_database>.
You may optionally provide a target retention policy, specify the precision of any supplied timestamps, and pass any required authentication in the query string.
Successful writes will return a 204 HTTP Status Code. Writes will return a 400 for invalid syntax.
Query String Parameters for Writes
The following query string parameters can be passed as part of the GET string when using the HTTP API:
• db=<database> REQUIRED - sets the target database for the write
• rp=<retention_policy> - sets the target retention policy for the write. If not present the default retention policy is used
• u=<username>, p=<password> - if authentication is enabled, you must authenticate as a user with write permissions to the target database
• precision=[n,u,ms,s,m,h] - sets the precision of the supplied Unix time values. If not present timestamps are assumed to be in nanoseconds
• consistency=[one,quorum,all,any] - set the number of nodes that must confirm the write. If the requirement is not met the return value will be partial write if some points in the batch fail, or write failure if all points in the batch fail.
• one - the data must be written to disk by at least 1 valid node
• quorum - the data must be written to disk by (N/2 + 1) valid nodes (N is the replication factor for the target retention policy)
• all - the data must be written to disk by all valid nodes
• any - a write is confirmed if hinted-handoff is successful, even if all target nodes report a write failure In this context, “valid node” means a node that hosts a copy of the shard containing the series being written to. In a clustered system, the replication factor should equal the number of valid nodes.
Write a Point with curl
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8086/write?db=mydb' --data-binary 'disk_free,hostname=server01 value=442221834240i 1435362189575692182'
Write a Point to a non-default Retention Policy
Use the rp=<retention_policy query string parameter to supply a target retention policy. If not specified, the default retention policy for the target database will be used.
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8086/write?db=mydb&rp=six_month_rollup' --data-binary 'disk_free,hostname=server01 value=442221834240i 1435362189575692182'
Write a Point Using Authentication
Use the u=<user> and p=<password> to pass the authentication details, if required.
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8086/write?db=mydb&u=root&p=123456' --data-binary 'disk_free,hostname=server01 value=442221834240i 1435362189575692182'
Specify Non-nanosecond Timestamps
Use the precision=[n,u,ms,s,m,h] query string parameter to supply a precision for the timestamps.
All timestamps are assumed to be Unix nanoseconds unless otherwise specified. If you provide timestamps in any unit other than nanoseconds, you must supply the appropriate precision in the URL query string. Use n, u, ms, s, m, and h for nanoseconds, microseconds, milliseconds, seconds, minutes, and hours, respectively.
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8086/write?db=mydb&precision=ms' --data-binary 'disk_free value=442221834240i 1435362189575'
Write a Batch of Points with curl
You can also pass a file using the @ flag. The file can contain a batch of points, one per line. Points must be separated by newline characters \n. Batches should be 5000 points or fewer for best performance.
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8086/write?db=<database>' --data-binary @<filename>
Caveats
Use curl’s --data-binary encoding method for all writes in the line protocol format. Using any encoding method other than --data-binary is likely to lead to issues with writing points. -d, --data-urlencode, and --data-ascii may all strip out newlines or introduce new unintended formatting.
When passing a file to curl, the points must be separated by newline characters only (\n). Files containing carriage returns will cause parser errors.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND AND PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. SWITCHMEN’S UNION OF NORTH AMERICA et al., Defendants-Appellants.
No. 387, Docket 26739.
United States Court of Appeals Second Circuit.
Argued May 12, 1961.
Decided June 9, 1961.
Lee Leibik, Chicago, 111. (Ruth Wey- and, Washington, D. C. on the brief), for defendants-appellants.
Richard J. Flynn, Chicago, 111. (Sidley, Austin, Burgess & Smith and Howard Neitzert, Chicago, 111., and John E. Leach, Buffalo, N. Y., on the brief), for plaintiffs-appellees.
Francis R. Curry, Reilly, Curry & Gibbons, New York, N. Y., Clarence M. Mulholland, Mulholland, Robie & Hickey, Edward J. Hickey, Jr. and James L. High-saw, Jr., Washington, D. C., for Railway Labor Executives Ass’n. as amicus curiae.
Before FRIENDLY and SMITH, Circuit Judges, and WATKINS, District Judge.
United States District Judge for the Northern and Southern Districts of West Virginia, sitting by designation.
FRIENDLY, Circuit Judge.
This appeal raises important questions as to the interrelations of the Railway Labor Act, 45 U.S.C.A. § 151 ff., and the Norris-LaGuardia Act, 29 U.S.C.A. § 101 ff.
The appeal, brought under 28 U.S.C. § 1292(a) (1), is by the Switchmen’s Union, whose principal office is in Buffalo, and certain of its officers, from an order of the District Court for the Western District of New York granting a motion of appellee railways, operating primarily in western states, for a temporary injunction against a strike. The strike threat grew out of a “major” labor dispute over rates of pay. The dispute had progressed through all the stages provided for in the Railway Labor Act, including the expiration of thirty days after a report by an Emergency Board to the President as provided in § 10.
After a two day hearing, the District Court found that “At no time since the services of the notices of March 2 and March 20, 1959, have the defendants or any representatives of the defendants engaged in good faith efforts to reach final agreement with the Western Carriers’ Conference Committee,” with certain exceptions, and that “There are serious, substantial, difficult, and doubtful questions going to the merits of this case as to whether” defendants had complied with their statutory obligations to that end, imposed by § 2 First and Second of the Railway Labor Act. The Court found also, as is not denied, that a strike by the switchmen would cause irreparable injury to the plaintiff railways, as well as serious damage to the public and to other railway employees.
Appellants assert the injunction went beyond the Court’s “jurisdiction” as limited by the Norris-LaGuardia Act, 29 U.S.C.A. §§ 101-115. Appellees deny this, and contend also that the scope of our review of this temporary injunction is limited to determining whether the District Court abused its discretion in deciding that plaintiffs had raised substantial questions requiring more deliberate investigation and that the harm plaintiffs would suffer from denial of the injunction outweighed any damage to defendants from its grant. Both sides claim their positions to be supported by pertinent decisions of the Supreme Court. The decisions do not speak to us with the clarion (but opposite) effect they do to the parties. Analysis of the statutes and the cases is needed to bring the issue into focus.
The Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932 divides injunctive orders in labor disputes into two categories. Section 4 is a flat prohibition of certain types of injunctive orders — or, more accurately, it would be if Norris-LaGuardia were to be read alone. Among these are orders against “(a) Ceasing or refusing to perform any work or to remain in any relation of employment”; “(g) Advising or notifying any person of an intention to do any of the acts heretofore specified”; “(h) Agreeing with other persons to do or not to do any of the acts heretofore specified”; and “(i) Advising, urging, or otherwise causing or inducing without fraud or violence the acts heretofore specified.” Significantly, § 4 includes not only temporary and permanent injunctions but temporary restraining orders as well. Although § 4 alone would seem clear enough, § 5 adds that no court of the United States “shall have jurisdiction to issue a restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction upon the ground that any of the persons participating or interested in a labor dispute constitute or are engaged in an unlawful combination or conspiracy because of the doing in concert of the acts enumerated in” § 4.
However, the list of prohibited orders in § 4 is far from being a complete catalogue of all the injunctive orders issuable in labor disputes. As to these others, § 7 imposes not a prohibition but limitations; the court shall not issue “a temporary or permanent injunction in any case involving or growing out of a labor dispute” except after hearing testimony in open court and unless the court makes specified findings, of which that most directly pertinent here is:
“(a) That unlawful acts have been threatened and will be committed unless restrained or have been committed and will be continued unless restrained, * * * ”
If substantiation of the distinction between the two sections were needed, the legislative history would furnish it in ample measure.
Six years earlier Congress had enacted the Railway Labor Act of 1926, c. 347, 44 Stat. 577. This contained, inter alia, the provisions for settlement of disputes by agreement mentioned above (§2), and also provisions for boards of adjustment to “hear and, if possible, decide” minor disputes which the carriers and employees had agreed to refer (§ 3), for invocation of the services of a Board of Mediation (§§ 4, 5), and for the Presidential appointment of an Emergency Board (§ 10).
The debates on the Norris-LaGuardia Act indicate concern over its interrelation with the earlier Railway Labor Act. Representative Beck of Pennsylvania offered an amendment that would have excluded from Norris-LaGuardia labor disputes involving the suspension or discontinuance of a public utility whose operation was essential to property, health and life (75 Cong.Rec. 5503). The amendment was defeated, 75 Cong.Rec. 5505; but only on assurance from Representative LaGuardia that, at least as to railroads, it was unnecessary, since the Railway Labor Act “provides every detail for the settlement of disputes” and “The workers could not and would not think of going on strike before all the remedies provided in the law have been exhausted” (75 Cong.Rec. 5504).
Two years after the Norris-LaGuardia Act, Congress, in 1934, reenacted the Railway Labor Act with important amendments, c. 691, 48 Stat. 1185. Especially significant for understanding the Supreme Court decisions relied on by the parties were the addition of § 2 Ninth, providing for the National Mediation Board to certify the authorized representative of a class or craft of employees and requiring a carrier to treat with the representative so certified, and extensive amendment of § 3 giving either party the right to refer minor disputes to the Adjustment Board, § 3 First (i), and making the awards of the Board in such disputes “final and binding upon both parties to the dispute * * § 3 First (m).
Texas & N. O. R. Co. v. Brotherhood of Railway Clerks, 1930, 281 U.S. 548, 50 S.Ct. 427, 432, 74 L.Ed. 1034, the initial Supreme Court decision involving an injunction to enforce the Railway Labor Act, antedated Norris-LaGuardia. Such bearing as it has on the present controversy comes from the statement of Chief Justice Hughes, as a step in reaching the Court’s conclusion, that the prohibition of § 10 against changes “in the conditions out of which the dispute arose,” during study by and for thirty days after the report of an Emergency Board, “manifestly imports a legal obligation,” which, as insisted by counsel for the Brotherhood, who had represented principal railway labor organizations at the hearings on the Railway Labor Act, authorized “any court of competent jurisdiction to restrain either party to the controversy from changing the existing status” during the period, 281 U.S. at pages 565-566, 50 S.Ct. at page 434.
Virginian Ry. Co. v. System Federation No. 40, 1937, 300 U.S. 515, 57 S.Ct. 592, 607, 81 L.Ed. 789, came after NorrisLaGuardia, and after the 1934 amendment of the Railway Labor Act as well. As in the Texas & New Orleans case, the injunction was against the carrier, its principal thrust being a direction to bargain with a union designated by the Mediation Board under § 2 Ninth. No contention was or could have been made that this portion of the injunction violated § 4 of Norris-LaGuardia; the only Norris-LaGuardia contention specifically mentioned in the Supreme Court’s opinion was one under § 9, which limits an injunction to “a prohibition of such specific act or acts as may be expressly complained of in the bill of complaint * * * and as shall be expressly included in * * * findings of fact made and filed by the court * * * ” The Supreme Court deemed it “unnecessary to comment on other similar objections, except to say that they are based on strained and unnatural construction of the words of the Norris-LaGuardia Act. * * * ” Examination of the briefs shows these objections included alleged violations of § 7(a) for lack of proof of “unlawful acts” and also of § 4(e), which prohibits injunctions against peaceful publicizing of a labor dispute, but the claim that the injunction had done the latter was scarcely made out. Mr. Justice Stone disposed of all Norris-LaGuardia objections by saying “It suffices to say that the NorrisLaGuardia Act can affect the present decree only so far as its provisions are found not to conflict with those of section 2, Ninth, of the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C.A. § 152, subd. 9), authorizing the relief which has been granted. Such provisions cannot be rendered nugatory by the earlier and more general provisions of the Norris-LaGuardia Act,” 300 U.S. at pages 562-563, 57 S.Ct. at page 601. This language affords much opportunity for spinning gossamer. It could be read to mean that Norris-LaGuardia is wholly inapplicable to a controversy arising solely under a provision added to the Railway Labor Act in 1934; such a construction would raise the question whether, as to controversies under provisions of the 1926 Act that were reenacted in 1934, Norris-LaGuardia applied fully or not at all. A more reasonable interpretation, at least as regards the contention under § 7 of Norris-LaGuardia, is that the carrier’s disobedience of § 2 Ninth constituted “unlawful acts” within § 7(a) and hence justified the injunction as the District Court had held, E.D.Va.1935, 11 F.Supp. 621, affirmed 4 Cir., 1936, 84 F.2d 641.
Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Toledo, P. & W. R. Co., 1944, 321 U.S. 50, 64 S.Ct. 413, 88 L.Ed. 534, held that an injunction against violence during a strike, of the sort permitted by §§ 4 and 7 of Norris-LaGuardia, should have been denied, under § 8 of that Act, by reason of the plaintiff’s failure to make reasonable efforts at settlement. Its chief significance for present purposes lies in its being the first case in which the NorrisLaGuardia Act was applied by the Court to support denial of an injunction in a railroad labor controversy, 321 U.S. at pages 57-60, 64 S.Ct. at pages 417-418.
There follow a group of cases dealing with racial discrimination by unions. Steele v. Louisville & Nashville R. Co., 1944, 323 U.S. 192, 65 S.Ct. 226, 89 L.Ed. 173, came before the Court on certiorari to the Supreme Court of Alabama; hence no Norris-LaGuardia problem could have been in the Court’s mind when it used the broad language that it did, 323 U.S. at page 207, 65 S.Ct. at page 234, concerning the judicial enforcement of rights under the Railway Labor Act. Examination of the briefs in the companion case, Tunstall v. Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, 1944, 323 U.S. 210, 65 S.Ct. 235, 89 L.Ed. 187, which came from the Fourth Circuit, 140 F.2d 35, shows that defendant there made no Norris-LaGuardia contention and nothing specific was said on the subject in the Supreme Court’s opinion. In Graham v. Brotherhood of Firemen, 1949, 338 U.S. 232, 238-239, 70 S.Ct. 14, 18, 94 L.Ed. 22, objection as to lack of the findings of unlawful action demanded by § 7 of Norris-LaGuardia was vigorously pressed. The Court disposed of this on the bases that the Steele and Tunstall cases had settled “that the Railway Labor Act imposes upon the Brotherhood the duty to represent all members of the craft without discrimination and invests a racial minority of the craft with the right to enforce that duty”; that Norris-LaGuardia does not “contain anything to suggest that it would deprive these Negro firemen of recourse to equitable relief from illegal discriminatory representation”; and “Conversely there is nothing to suggest that, in enacting the subsequent Railway Labor Act provisions insuring petitioners’ rights to nondiscriminatory representation by their bargaining agent, Congress intended to hold out to them an illusory right for which it was denying them a remedy.” 338 U.S. at pages 239-240, 70 S.Ct. at page 18. In Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Howard, 1952, 343 U.S. 768, 72 S.Ct. 1022, 1025, 96 L.Ed. 1283, the issue as to § 7 of NorrisLaGuardia was again raised; the Court said it “need add nothing to what was said about inapplicability of that Act in the Steele case and in Graham v. Brotherhood of Firemen * * * ” If the Graham decision had been rested solely on the first ground mentioned, it would support the proposition that violation of the duties imposed by § 2 of the Railway Labor Act is unlawful action within § 7 (a) of Norris-LaGuardia; but, as in Virginian, the emphasis on the “subsequent” Railway Labor Act creates some doubt whether the holding must be limited to violations of provisions added in 1934. The one thing that is clear is that, as said in Order of R. R. Telegraphers v. Chicago & N. W. Ry. Co., 1960, 362 U.S. 330, 338, 80 S.Ct. 761, 766, 4 L.Ed.2d 774, “None of these cases * * * enjoined conduct which the Norris-LaGuardia Act withdrew from the injunctive power of the federal courts * * although the agreement enjoined in Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Howard had been coerced by threat of a strike.
We thus arrive at Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Chicago River & Indiana R. Co., 1957, 353 U.S. 30, 77 S.Ct. 635, 1 L.Ed.2d 622, where the Court sanctioned an anti-strike injunction in a case growing out of a “minor dispute.” That case rested upon the view that the provisions of § 3 of the Railway Labor Act, as extensively amended in 1934, providing for what amounts to compulsory settlement of “minor” disputes, established an implied exception to § 4 of Norris-LaGuardia. Appellees place heavy reliance on the statements, 353 U.S. at page 40, 77 S.Ct. at page 640 that “the Norris-LaGuardia Act cannot be read alone in matters dealing with railway labor disputes” and that “There must be an accommodation of that statute and the Railway Labor Act so that the obvious purpose in the enactment of each is preserved.” Appellants counter with footnote 24 on page 42 of 353 U.S., on page 641 of 77 S.Ct., which said:
“The Norris-LaGuardia Act has been held to prevent the issuance of an injunction in a railway labor case involving a ‘major dispute.’ Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Toledo, P. & W. R. Co., 321 U.S. 50 [64 S.Ct. 413, 88 L.Ed. 534]. In such a case, of course, the Railway Labor Act does not provide a process for final decision like that of the Adjustment Board in a ‘minor dispute’ case.”
Since the injunction in the Toledo P. & W. case had been denied, not because the dispute was “major” but because § 8 of Norris-LaGuardia prevented issuance of an injunction not prohibited under § 4, we read this as saying, not that there can never be an anti-strike injunction in a major dispute, but that such an injunction can be issued only on a showing, which the Court held to have been made as to “minor” disputes in the Chicago River case, that “accommodation” of the two statutes so requires.
The final datum is Order of R. R. Telegraphers v. Chicago & N. W. Ry. Co., supra. This establishes that § 4 of Norris-LaGuardia is not inapplicable to major railway labor disputes simply because they are railway labor disputes. It is not dispositive here since, on the view of the majority in that case, the union had violated no provision of the Railway Labor Act or, indeed, of any other.
To us this analysis demonstrates that the question whether an anti-strike injunction of the sort banned by § 4 of Norris-LaGuardia may be issued in a “major” railway dispute when there has been a violation of the Railway Labor Act and, more particularly, of provisions antedating Norris-LaGuardia, has simply not been determined by the Supreme Court. The decisions furnish, not an answer, but data for making one. Considerations arguing for a negative answer are that the Chicago River case, the only decision approving an injunction of the sort banned by § 4, involved a “minor” dispute for which compulsory arbitration had been provided and applied a provision postdating Norris-LaGuardia, and that Order of R. R. Telegraphers, the only decision specifically disapproving an injunction of the sort banned by § 4, involved a “major” dispute. Against this is that in Chicago River the Court naturally dealt only with the case before it — to say that an anti-strike injunction can be issued in a “minor” dispute is not to say that such an injunction cannot be issued in a “major” one if the Railway Labor Act is being violated and an injunction against a strike is the only effective remedy; and in the Telegraphers case the majority found no Railway Labor Act violation.
A strong case for sustaining an anti-strike injunction under the Railway Labor Act would be that mentioned by Chief Justice Hughes in Texas & N. O. R. Co. v. Brotherhood of Railway Clerks, supra, 281 U.S. at pages 565-566, 50 S.Ct. at page 432 namely, a threatened strike during the period “After the creation of such [Emergency] board and for thirty days after such board has made its report to the President,” in which § 10 provides that “no change, except by agreement, shall be made by the parties to the controversy in the conditions out of which the dispute arose.” To be sure, such a case would differ from Chicago River in being a “major” dispute and in concerning a pre-Norris-LaGuardia provision of the Railway Labor Act. However, we should have little doubt that the latter Act, especially in the light of Representative LaGuardia’s own statements quoted above, does not withdraw a power to enjoin which the Supreme Court, acting in part on representations by the railway unions themselves, had held to be conferred by § 10; when Congress reenacted that section in 1934, it did so with the gloss the Supreme Court had put upon it. Analytically, perhaps an even stronger case would be one governed by the similar “freeze” provision for the thirty day period after the Mediation Board had notified the parties that its mediatory efforts have failed, § 5 First, since this was added in 1934; actually it is hard to suppose the two cases would be differently decided. Slightly further along in the spectrum would be a threatened strike at an earlier date and hence not within either specific prohibition but, at least arguably, impliedly prohibited by the general scheme of the Railway Labor Act and §§ 2 First and Second, 5, 6 and 10. See American Airlines, Inc. v. Air Line Pilots Ass’n, D.C.S.D.N.Y.1958, 169 F.Supp. 777, 784, 788-789.
Still further along is a case where, as here, the claim is that although the motions specified by the Railway Labor Act were performed, the required spirit was lacking. Appellees argue with force that it is as much a violation of the Railway Labor Act to make only a token effort to comply with its prescribed processes as to strike without even the pretense; the problem is that issuing an injunction on such a ground inevitably involves the court in some consideration of the labor dispute as bearing on the good faith of the employee representatives — and this without the advance administrative screening provided under the National Labor Relations Act in 29 U.S.C.A. § 160(a), (b), (h), (i), and (l) and §§ 176-180. We find it unnecessary here either to affirm or to deny that an injunction against a strike may be issued on such a claim, cf. A. H. Bull S. S. Co. v. Seafarers’ International Union, 2 Cir., 1957, 250 F.2d 326. For, assuming in appellees’ favor that jurisdiction to do this is not excluded, both § 4 and § 7 would confine it to a clear case of union failure to comply with obligations under the Railway Labor Act, and the record affords no warrant for finding that in the instant case.
Appellees’ claim that it does rests on two grounds: (1) that a provision in the Switchmen’s Constitution, adopted in 1955, that “No authority shall exist to settle a general wage and/or rules movement arising from direct negotiation with a carrier or from mediation excepting only after approval by a majority vote of the membership,” and a similar provision as to agreements to arbitrate, constitute a per se violation of § 2 of the Railway Labor Act; and (2), alternatively, that the combination of these provisions with the evidence as to appellants’ conduct shows a violation here.
(1) Appellants have cited a large number of union constitutions with membership ratification requirements, and also texts noting and, in some instances, approving the practice of a referendum. Appellees respond that most of the references are of recent date; that few of the constitutions cited are of railroad unions; that the major railroad unions do not so condition the authority of their representatives; that the carriers’ representatives have power to conclude; that the railroad industry differs from others both in the more critical effect of a strike on the public interest, as recognized in the Railway Labor Act, and in the large number of unions able to precipitate one; and, finally, that the National Mediation Board has gone on record, in a suggestion made below, that “The restrictions thus placed upon the representatives of employees for whom the Switchmen’s Union has been certified as bargaining agent are inconsistent with the provisions of the Railway Labor Act, defeat the purpose of the Act, and make its administration cumbersome and ineffective.”
Decisions under the National Labor Relations Act have established that neither the employer nor the employees regulated thereby are required “to be represented in the bargaining negotiations by a person or persons with competent authority to enter into a binding agreement,” Great Southern Trucking Co. v. N. L. R. B., 4 Cir., 1942, 127 F.2d 180, 185, certiorari denied 1942, 317 U.S. 652, 63 S.Ct. 48, 87 L.Ed. 524; N. L. R. B. v. New Britain Machine Co., 2 Cir., 1954, 210 F.2d 61, 62; Lloyd A. Fry Roofing Co. v. N. L. R. B., 9 Cir., 1954, 216 F.2d 273, 275-276, although lack of such authority is “a factor which should be taken into consideration in order to decide whether the * * * effort to negotiate was really made in good faith,” Great Southern Trucking Co. v. N. L. R. B., supra; N. L. R. B. v. A. E. Nettleton Co., 2 Cir., 1957, 241 F.2d 130, 133-34. Appellees say the statutory language here is different; to some extent it surely is. The original Labor Relations Act required an employer “to bargain collectively with the representatives of his employees,” Act of July 5, 1935, c. 372, § 8(5), 49 Stat. 449, 453, and the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 imposed a corresponding obligation on labor organizations, § 8(b) (3), and added the definítion, in § 8(d), that the obligation is “to meet at reasonable times and confer in good faith * * * but such obligation does not compel either party to agree to a proposal or require the making of a concession.” In contrast, § 2 First of the Railway Labor Act requires the parties to “exert every reasonable effort to make and maintain agreements concerning rat.es of pay, rules, and working conditions, and to settle all disputes * * * in order to avoid any interruption to commerce or to the operation of any carrier growing out of any dispute between the carrier and the employees thereof”; § 2 Second prescribes that all disputes “shall be considered, and, if possible, decided, with all expedition, in conference between representatives designated and authorized so to confer * * * ”; and there are provisions for mediation, arbitration, and emergency boards which have no precise counterparts in the Labor Relations Act. Still we find nothing in all this that says the representatives must be authorized to conclude; indeed § 2 Second says, rather explicitly, that what they must be authorized to do is to confer. Appellees rely on certain language in Mr. Justice Rutledge’s opinion for a majority in Elgin, Joliet & Eastern R. Co. v. Burley, 1945, 325 U.S. 711, 65 S. Ct. 1282, 89 L.Ed. 1886, opinion adhered to on rehearing, 1946, 327 U.S. 661, 66 S.Ct. 721, 90 L.Ed. 928, distinguishing the role of employees’ representatives in major disputes from that in grievances, 325 U.S. at pages 728-729, 739-740, 65 S.Ct. at pages 1282, 1297; appellants rely on the decision there that the Railway Labor Act does not require the vesting of authority in the representatives in grievance cases and argue the same must be true for major disputes as well. We do not believe that either the majority or the minority opinion in Elgin dealt with the question here presented.
(2) Whether the entire course of appellants’ conduct violated the requirements of the Railway Labor Act requires a fuller statement of the dispute than we have yet made. Much of that history is stated in the July 8, 1960 report of the Emergency Board, annexed to the complaint. The dispute began with notices served by the Union on February 21, 1959, and by the carriers on March 20, 1959, under § 6 of the Railway Labor Act; the former demanded a 12% increase and the latter a decrease in rates of pay. After initial conferences with individual carriers, it was agreed to refer the dispute to national handling. Conferences on that basis began September 17, 1959; after three fruitless bargaining sessions, the parties invoked the services of the National Mediation Board. The Mediation Board’s efforts proved unsuccessful. After a strike vote and notice of intention to strike, the Board terminated its services and urged the parties to arbitrate under § 7; the carriers accepted the suggestion but the Union negotiators rejected it without submission to the members. On May 23, 1960, the President created Emergency Board 131 to report on the dispute.
Shortly thereafter a “pattern” of settlements in the industry began to emerge, as a result of an arbitration award in a proceeding between the carriers represented by the Eastern, Western and Southeastern Carriers’ Conference Committee and the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, a mediation agreement between the railroads and the Order of Railway Conductors and Brakemen, and the report of Emergency Board No. 130 with respect to Non-Operating Employees represented by eleven cooperating railway organizations. Broadly speaking, these provided for incorporating past cost-of-living adjustments into the basic wage and for stipulated wage increases (2% on July 1, 1960, and an additional 2% on March 1, 1961, for the engineers, conductors and brakemen; 5$ per hour July 1, 1960, and an improved health and welfare program in early 1961 for the non-operating employees). It was then agreed to narrow the issue before Emergency Board 131 to whether “the yard ground service employees * * * should be granted an increase beyond the ‘pattern’ because of an alleged intra-industry inequity.”
The alleged inequity was this: The Switchmen claimed that historically their pay had approximated that of yard and road service operating employees and had considerably exceeded that of other non-operating employees. This situation, they claimed, had been altered, to their detriment, by two factors. Although the basic day rates of the yard service employees had been raised along with those of the road service employees, the latter enjoy a “dual basis” for pay in terms of hours or miles, whichever produces the greater compensation; as a result of the artificially low mileage equated to a day’s work, the road service employees can earn a day’s pay for much less than a day’s work or receive more than a day’s pay for only a day’s work. On the other side, the preponderance of uniform cents per hour increases had diminished the differential between the non-operating employees and the allegedly more skilled switchmen.
The Emergency Board expressed itself as “convinced of the good faith of the Organization in pressing its ‘inequity’ case * * * ” It thought, however, that the absence of evidence whether the various differentials, or lack of them, were or were not justified, the acceptance of the pattern by organizations representing other employees in yard and local freight service, and the impracticability of correcting in any one year alleged inequities that had grown up over many, combined to require a resolution of the current wage dispute on the same basis as adopted for the Engineers and Conductors, which had later been accepted by the Firemen and the Trainmen.
On July 20, 1960, a fortnight after the Board’s report, the Carriers’ Conference Committee and the Union formulated an agreement substantially embodying the recommendations of the Emergency Board. Along with this was a letter providing that if the Union wished “further handling” of “the wage inequity issue,” it should give written notice to the carriers ; if the parties were then unable to dispose of the issue and “further handling” was desired, the issue was to be submitted to arbitration under the Kailway Labor Act. Neither the agreement nor the letter was signed, but the committees representing the Union and the carriers issued a joint statement that they had “reached an agreement on a proposal to be submitted to the membership of the Switchmen’s Union of North America for approval, in accordance with the laws of that organization.”
A week later, the International President of the Union wrote its Presidents, Secretaries and Local Chairmen. He reviewed the history of the dispute, the position taken by the Union negotiators, the report of the Emergency Board, and the subsequent negotiations; summarized the agreement; called attention to the provisions of the Union Constitution with respect to approval; and requested that balloting be conducted. On August 18, he notified the carriers that the settlement had been rejected, and proposed August 30 for a further conference. The conference achieved nothing, and on September 1 the Union notified the Mediation Board it had set a strike for September 8, later postponed at the Board’s request to September 19; further conferences were held. The Union negotiators advanced various suggestions for modifying the agreement in a manner which they thought might make it acceptable to the switchmen. One was for an additional 2.730 per hour, approximately a 3% rather than a 2% increase, an amount calculated to produce the same annual increase for the switchmen as had been granted the engineers. When the carriers rejected this offer, the Union proposed equivalent additions in the form of ifringe benefits, evidently in the hope that this might ease the carriers’ “pattern” problem. The carriers stood on the July 20 agreement. On September 16 they filed this action and obtained a temporary restraining order, followed by the temporary injunction here under appeal.
We find nothing in this history to show the Union simply went through the motions of bargaining. The controversy was that most intractable of all types of labor disputes — -a question of principle. From the carriers’ standpoint the Union’s refusal to accept the “pattern” was indeed arbitrary, involving not only larger increases to the switchmen than to other crafts but the possibility of a chain reaction. Yet, from the Union’s standpoint, acceptance of the “pattern” would continue the very “inequity” of which they were complaining, sincerely so far as the record shows, whether justifiably or not. The carriers say the Union negotiators should at least have recommended the settlement; appellants respond there was nothing wrong in the negotiators’ simply putting up to the men whether to take the benefits they had obtained and shelve the inequity issue, or to press the latter even if this meant invoking the ultimate weapon. We should not suppose it to be bad faith for an employer’s representatives to report a proposal as the best obtainable without taking a strike but still as something they did not recommend; we see no reason for a different rule as to a union’s. The evidence is convincing that after the vote the Union negotiators did not stand on the original demand for a 12% increase; they made suggestions whereby the increases would conform to the Union’s ideas of equity even though the total resulting wages still would not. The reasons for the carriers’ rejection of these suggestions are understandable, but that does not make the Union’s conduct so wholly arbitrary as to pass beyond the bounds of good faith endeavor to reach agreement. Certainly the parties had reached the end of the bargaining road if their conduct were being tested under § 8(d) of the Labor Relations Act — neither would have been compelled “to agree to a proposal” or to make “a concession.” See N. L. R. B. v. United Clay Mines Corp., 6 Cir., 1955, 219 F.2d 120, 125-126; Cox, The Duty to Bargain in Good Faith, 71 Harv.L.Rev. 1401, 1412-1422 (1958). Assuming, as we do, that the Railway Labor Act imposes a somewhat greater duty to endeavor to reach agreement, it no more required the switchmen to abandon all efforts to correct what they deemed an inequity than it compelled the carriers to depart from the “pattern” of settlements with other crafts.
Appellees say this does not matter in view of the judge’s alternative finding that “There are serious, substantial, difficult, and doubtful questions” on the issue of good faith. They urge that since it is only a temporary injunction we are reviewing, and no one has contested the finding that irreparable damage would flow from its denial, the only point open to review is whether even this alternative finding was clearly erroneous, citing particularly our decision in Hamilton Watch Co. v. Benrus Watch Co., 2 Cir., 1953, 206 F.2d 738, 740, from which the quoted language was evidently taken.
We think this an overly literal reading of Hamilton Watch Co. v. Benrus; the language quoted from Judge Frank’s opinion must be taken along with the beginning of the sentence, “To justify a temporary injunction it is not necessary that the plaintiff’s right to a final decision, after a trial, be absolutely certain, wholly without doubt,” and the statement that the Court could not “possibly” declare the District Court’s substantive findings of probable Clayton Act violation to have been clearly erroneous. Here we regard the finding of breach of the Railway Labor Act by the Union as being so on the evidence the judge had before him; Hamilton v. Benrus does not say it is enough that further evidence might demonstrate it was not. Furthermore, even if the rule of review were as plaintiffs allege, we doubt it would sustain continued enforcement of the temporary injunction when more than seven months have passed since it was issued and plaintiffs have done nothing to bring about a resolution of the questions by the District Judge although, so far as appears, the court has been open for that purpose.
Beyond this, whatever the general rule as to the scope of review of temporary injunctions may be, no such principle as plaintiffs advocate can be applicable to a claim that such an injunction transgresses the command of § 4 of the Norris-LaGuardia Act. That section uses the most emphatic words possible —“No court of the United States shall have jurisdiction to issue any restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction” against a peaceful strike. To overcome that bar plaintiffs had the burden of showing, as a matter of law, that the broad command of § 4 is subject to an exception when a union has violated its duties under the Railway Labor Act and, as a matter of fact, that the defendant here had done that. They were obliged to meet that burden, not simply to show they might be able to meet it; until they met it, the court was without power to issue an injunction whether temporary or permanent. Order reversed.
. Senator Blaine said the bill “limits this jurisdiction [of federal equity courts] both with reference to the situations in which injunctions may be issued and the procedure which must be followed.” 75 Cong.Rec. 4626 (1932). As for § 4, he declared that “it provides among other things that the Federal courts are prohibited from issuing any injunctions enjoining workmen from striking, or from making their strike effective by peaceful means.” The right to strike includes the right to seek the advice of union officials, to receive strike benefits, and to publicize the facts in any peaceful manner; he referred to these rights “and everything else which sections 4 and 5 provide shall not be prohibited in any injunction involving or growing out of a labor dispute issued by any Federal court * * * In addition to these provisions relating to the content of injunctions this bill in section 7 sets forth the procedure to be followed in labor injunction cases.” Id. at 4629. Representative LaGuardia echoed this approach, at 5479, noting that the bill bars injunctions without a hearing on testimony, and also bars injunctions against lawful acts. The Senate Committee report affords further confirmation of the distinction. It notes, and Senator Norris said substantially the same thing on the floor, 75 Cong.Rec. 4505-10, that injunctions depriving workers of the right to assemble, picket, strike, and the like were “indefensible” and declares that “the bill, under section 4, takes away from all Federal courts the power to issue such injunctions.” 72d Cong., 1st Sess., S.Rep. No. 163, p. 17. Section 7 was separately discussed as “procedure.” Id., p. 21. Opponents, such as Representative Beck of Pennsylvania, were equally convinced that sections 4 and 5 were absolutes, forbidding any and all injunctions against strikes or other enumerated activities. 75 Cong.Rec. 5471-72, 5474, 5500.
. “Minor” disputes, § 3, are those “growing out of grievances or out of the interpretation or application of agreements concerning rates of pay, rules, or working conditions * * * ” “Major” disputes include those arising during bargaining for a new contract. Brotherhood of R. R. Trainmen v. Chicago River & Indiana R. Co., 1957, 353 U.S. 30, 33, 77 S.Ct. 635, 1 L.Ed.2d 622.
. In fact the Steele opinion had relied in part on provisions, § 2 Second, Third and what had been Fourth (now with some minor changes Sixth) which had come from the 1926 Act and were reenacted in 1934, and in part on other provisions, § 2 Fourth, Seventh and Ninth, added in 1934, 323 U.S. at pages 199-200, 65 S.Ct. at pages 230-231.
. A witness for the carriers testified that if the “three and three per cent” proposal “were applied across the section,” it would cost the railroad approximately $100,000,000 “more than the pattern.”
. We have not overlooked the carriers’ testimony that the Union representatives said on August 30 they had no authority to settle on anything other than their original proposal. The evidence makes it clear that the Union negotiators said only they could settle on no other proposal ■without going back to the men, and that, in fact, they did make other proposals subject to such ratification.
. In Hamilton Watch Co. v. Benrus, the temporary injunction was issued April 27, 1953, D.C.Conn.1953, 114 F.Supp. 307; the appeal was argued June 2 and decided June 30.
. We recognize that in Railroad Yardmasters v. Pennsylvania R. Co., 3 Cir., 1955, 224 F.2d 226, the Court used the Hamilton Watch Co. v. Benrus language in affirming an injunction claimed to violate § 7 of Norris-LaGuardia because the evidence did not support the finding required by § 7(a) “That unlawful acts have been threatened and will be committed” etc., which the statute also makes jurisdictional. However, as in Hamilton Watch Co. v. Benrus, there was no determination by the Court of Appeals that the substantive finding which the District Court had made on the evidence presented, in that ease of threatened unlawful action by the railroad, was clearly erroneous. In Missouri-Kansas-Texas R. Co. v. Brotherhood of Railway & Steamship Clerks, 7 Cir., 1951, 188 F.2d 302, 306, cited by appellees as being “to the same effect,” there was held to be no “labor dispute” and hence no Norris-LaGuardia problem.
. The Switchmen here urge that the injunction was also unlawful under § 7, both because violations of the Railway Labor Act are not “unlawful acts” within § 7(a) and because there is no proof of such violations in this ease. For reasons pointed out in the text, we think the first proposition scarcely reconcilable with the Virginian, Graham and Howard cases. The second is very likely so, but our holding as to § 4 is dispositive.
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CASELAW
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Broadfoot
Broadfoot is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Barry Broadfoot (1926-2003), Canadian journalist
* Chris Broadfoot (born 1981), Australian footballer
* Darryl Broadfoot, Scottish football writer
* Dave Broadfoot (1925-2016), Canadian comedian
* David Broadfoot (1899-1953), Scottish seaman
* George Broadfoot (1807–1845), English soldier
* Grover L. Broadfoot (1892-1962), American judge
* Joe Broadfoot (born 1940), English footballer
* Kirk Broadfoot (born 1984), Scottish football player
* Louise Broadfoot (born 1978), Australian cricket player
* Patricia Broadfoot (born 1949), English academic
* Ross Broadfoot (born 1985), English rugby player
* Walter Broadfoot (1881-1965), New Zealand politician
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Page:Europe in China.djvu/346
328 cost of £15,318 spread over many years), the erection of a number of water tanks (1855) and the completion (in 1857) of two Police Stations (Central and Westpoint Stations) and four new Markets. But the projected Praya and particularly its proposed name aroused determined opposition. Sir John's scheme had the support of an official Commission appointed by him to weigh all the objections which could be urged against it, and he assiduously hoarded the surplus funds of several years to provide the means for carrying out his pet scheme. The scheme was published (November 10, 1855) with the announcement that the Governor had power to enforce it under the alternative, offered to unwilling lot-holders, of resumption according to terms of lease. Most of the Chinese lot-holders appeared to be willing to come to terms with the Government, but a public meeting of European owners passed (December 5, 1855) resolutions to the effect that the Governor's plan was defective and inadequate as a public measure, onerous upon individuals and infringing on the rights of holders of marine-lots. The opposition view thus formulated was ably maintained and put before the Colonial Office by the Hon. J. Dent with the support of the other unofficial Members of Council. The Governor's contention was that many marine-lot holders had, for years past, recovered from the sea and appropriated to their own use, against the rights of the Crown, land measuring 298,685 square feet which had been arbitrarily superadded to the respective leases granting in the aggregate other 260,326 square feet. The owners of marine-lots, having thus doubled their respective properties, were naturally opposed to a scheme intended to re-establish the rights of the Crown. However, the Secretary of State (Mr. Labouchere), after considering the objections raised by Mr. Dent, decided against the marine-lot holders and instructed the Governor to proceed with the reclamation work as soon as the needful funds were available. The Chinese owners of marine-lots consented (in 1857) to reclaim, under Government supervision, and to pay rent for A large portion of the Praya in front of their holdings. As
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Randolph Greene Pack
Randolph Greene Pack (June 8, 1890 in Cleveland, Ohio – December 25, 1956 in Greenwich, Connecticut), was an American philanthropist.
Early life and education
Randolph Greene Pack, son of Charles Lathrop Pack, grew up in Cleveland, Ohio, at the turn of the century. He attended the college preparatory Ransom School, followed by stints at Williams College (class of 1913) and Penn State, the latter in a forestry program.
Early career
Under his father's tutelage, Randolph began preparing for a career in forestry. While a student at Penn State, he spent one summer working "as a Montana logger". Not long afterward, in 1912, at "a mere twenty-two years old, he became vice president of ... the Tall Tree Lumber Company", just established in southern Arkansas by William Buchanan in partnership with Charles Lathrop Pack. Two years later, Randolph returned to Cleveland long enough to marry Georgia Fuller; the newlyweds set up residence in Good Pine, Louisiana. After a bout with malaria, in 1916 Randolph and his wife returned to Cleveland, where, for the next seven years, he was "vice president in charge of engineering" with the American Multigraph Company, owned by Harry C. Osborne, a friend of his father's.
Pack Forestry Foundation
Randolph was an officer of the Charles Lathrop Pack Forestry Foundation from 1931–1956, serving as president from 1937, upon his father's death. According to his father's biographer, Alexandra Eyle, Randolph "had developed a deep interest in world politics and economics. Through the foundation, he could launch forestry management programs in Asia, [Central] and South America."
Through the Pack Foundation, Randolph "became a founder of the Mexican Institute of Renewable Natural Resources" (Instituto Mexicano de Recursos Naturales Renovables, or IMERNAR), headed by Enrique Beltrán, who received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1932 for his conservation efforts. IMERNAR was one of the first environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) in Mexico.
Eyle suggests, as well, that Randolph Greene Pack "helped create the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization."
A further arena of Pack's contributions to international forestry was in helping rebuild the forest resources of Japan and Taiwan, following World War II. Through the Pack Foundation, he helped the US Department of Defense formulate a new forestry law for Japan, to encourage rebuilding of that country's devastated forestry sector; and the US Department of State in strengthening forest policy in Taiwan.
Pack worked closely in the Foundation with Tom Gill, secretary of the Foundation, and international forester. Together, they contributed to the establishment of forest education and forest policy also in Venezuela and the Philippines.
Death
Randolph Greene Pack "died in 1956, at the age of sixty-six, after suffering for several months of a brain tumor".
Legacy
The Randolph G. Pack Environmental Institute at the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry was established in 1995, through a bequest of Pack's daughter, Virginia Pack Townsend. Honoring Pack and his efforts in international forest policy and conservation, the Institute aims to support and strengthen scholarship and collaboration in international environmental, natural resource and conservation policy.
Offices
* President, American Tree Association
* Vice President, American Nature Association
* Executive vice president and director, American Forestry Association
* Director, Northeastern Forestry Foundation
Service
* Member, United States Citizens Committee, United Nations Scientific Conference on Conservation and Utilization of Resources, Lake Success, New York, August 17, 1949—appointed by Julius A. Krug, U.S. Secretary of the Interior. The gathering was "the first UN body to address the depletion of [natural] resources and their use".
* Member, Boy Scouts of America conservation committee
Honors
* Honorary member, Mexican Society of Nature Protection
* Honorary member, Society of American Foresters, 1945
* Honorary Doctor of Science degree, University of Michigan, 1953, "in recognition of his conservation and land management work"
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After a year of Trump and outrage, this weekend's women's march will focus on electoral politics - Los Angeles Times
A year after a sea of knitted pink pussyhats greeted Donald Trump's inauguration as the 45th U.S. president, women and their allies will again take to the streets this weekend in dozens of cities across the country, voicing anger, channeling hopes and weighing how the country has fared in the year after one of the most divisive presidential elections in recent memory. Organizers and many participants say the tone has shifted from Jan. 21, when the millions of women who turned out to march in Washington, nearly every major American city and as far away as Australia and Europe shocked even those who had organized the protests. Sheer size yielded a cultural moment, one that became part of a wider social reckoning that would coalesce months later into the #MeToo and #TimesUp movements demanding accountability for sexual misconduct. In many quarters, last year's largely spontaneous outpouring of outrage over a president who had bragged of sexually assaulting women is giving way to a determined focus on electoral politics together with targeted activism on issues such as immigration, healthcare and deepening racial divides, all of which became contentious points of debate during Trump's first year in office. Some marchers have described newfound political activism, even if only in small steps. Judy Lamb, a retired public-school teacher in Mission Viejo, said that for the first time, she's regularly contributing money to the Democratic National Committee and calling her congresswoman, Rep. Mimi Walters (R-Irvine), to urge her to vote against Trump's policies. Lamb, 71, plans to wear the same anti-Trump T-shirt in Saturday's march in Santa Ana that she put on a year ago when she protested with hundreds of thousands of others in downtown Los Angeles. (Most of the marches around the country are set for Saturday, the day before the actual one-year anniversary, with some events planned Sunday as well.) I'm just very disappointed, Lamb said of the president's first year in office, citing racially charged remarks by Trump and the uncertain fate of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which offers protection for people brought to the United States as children. Organizers are hoping to see newfound activism play out on a far larger scale, with November's midterm elections as a lodestar. We had to work over the course of the year to build a movement that was going to be translated into political power at the polls in 2018, said Linda Sarsour, one of the main New York-based organizers behind last year's marches. This year, Women's March Inc. is spearheading a broad campaign focused on voter registration, increasing voter engagement and turnout, electing progressive candidates to office, especially women, and targeting swing districts. The drive kicks off Sunday in Las Vegas, a venue chosen because Nevada is a battleground state that went for Hillary Clinton in 2016. Somewhat ironically, Trump's unlikely success emboldened some female candidates who might not otherwise have jumped into races, said Erin Vilardi, the founder and executive director of VoteRunLead, which trains women to run for political office and will hold a post-march event Saturday in New York. Seeing someone so unqualified become president of the United States, a lot of women said, 'Hell, I can do city council,' Vilardi said. The push by those who feel targeted or marginalized by Trump to seek elected office is already yielding something of a sea change in deep-red states like Georgia and Alabama. In Doraville, Ga., a diverse city in the northeast suburbs of Atlanta, Stephe Koontz was elected last year as a city councilwoman, becoming the state's first openly transgender female. Koontz, 58, a retired car mechanic and business owner, said she was inspired, in part, by the women's march last year. Until then, she said, every time she talked about running, friends would tell her: You can't run. You're transgender you're unelectable. I came away believing in myself that I could do this, Koontz said. It was a shift from pessimism to optimism, just seeing all these people who believed the same as I did: that what we were seeing is not the new normal, and we are ready for change. For some, this weekend's protests are a moment to consider the ever-tightening entwinement of the personal and the political. Among them are women like Samantha Imhoff, a 45-year-old Guyanese immigrant who works as a medical assistant in New York City. Trump's presidency and the activism it inspired, Imhoff said, have changed how she navigates her home and work life even if the demands of her job, her weekly nursing classes, and caring for her husband and two children didn't grant her the luxury of time to march last year. I realized I can speak up, said Imhoff, traces of her native country still present in her softly accented English. As an example, she described challenging her husband, who is also Guyanese, after finding out that he had begun looking on his own for a family house. I was upset and I said so. I said, 'You cannot keep making decisions on your own,' she recalled. Contrite, he began talking with her about the search, showing her pictures of prospective homes. They're moving in this weekend to one they picked out together. At work, too, Imhoff said she has demanded fair treatment for some of her colleagues who struggle with English. Even in your own small speaking up I see it as a rebellion, she said. Recalling the energy and enthusiasm of last year's marches is bittersweet for some. Dina Rimmon and Robin Shephard, both of Cheviot Hills, attended the Los Angeles march together, hoping for the best but fearing the worst. Now the two friends are working together on a get-out-the-vote campaign. This year's Los Angeles march, not surprisingly, is celebrity-heavy: The lineup of those scheduled to take the stage includes Scarlett Johansson, Megan Mullally, Olivia Munn, Olivia Wilde and Alfre Woodard, the organizers said. The march is scheduled to start at 8:30 a.m. in Pershing Square and end in Grand Park. Venues for other Southern California marches include the South Bay, Orange County, Riverside County, Kern County, Bakersfield and Santa Barbara. Shephard, 60, who was interviewed by The Times amid last year's chaotic downtown crush, recalled her pessimism at the time about Trump's tenure I was right, wasn't I? she said this week. But she'll be back to march again. It made people recognize there were like-minded people out there millions of them, she said. It gave us hope that we can all do our small little part, and create a change. Staff writers Agrawal reported from New York, King from Washington and Smith from Los Angeles. Special correspondent Jarvie reported from Atlanta. Staff writers Cindy Chang and Ann Simmons contributed from Los Angeles. nina.agrawal@latimes.com laura.king@latimes.com dakota.smith@latimes.com
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AlexB AlexB - 3 years ago 154
R Question
Find each combination of values from a list of ranges in R
I am doing dynamic network analysis in R and I have a list of date ranges as two columns in a dataframe. I am trying to figure out how to create a comprehensive dataframe/list that contains every possible unique combination of every date within each range. The date ranges are all of different lengths.
For example:
Date1 Date2
1275 1277
1301 1303
1290 1291
I want to create a dataframe or list in which each column/item represents a unique possible combination of the dates within each of these ranges:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7...........?
1275 1276 1277 1275 1275 1275 1276........1277
1301 1301 1301 1302 1303 1302 1202........1303
1290 1290 1290 1290 1290 1291 1290........1291
My intuition from java is to turn to nested loops, but avoiding loops is like the whole point of R so I feel like I must be wrong in that intuition.
Based on
R- all pairwise combinations of elements from two lists
and
Calculating all possible combinations within a range in R
I've hacked together this
makeAllDateCombos <- function(earlydatecolumn, latedatecolumn){
allDCs <- NULL
allDCs <- as.data.frame(lapply(earlydatecolumn, function(earlydatecolumn){
lapply(latedatecolumn, function(latedatecolumn){
(table(earlydatecolumn:latedatecolumn))
})
}))
return(allDCs)
}
allTheDCs <- makeAllDCs(collab_dates$Date1, collab_dates$Date2)
However this returns an error.
Error in data.frame(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, :
arguments imply differing number of rows: 16, 27, 6, 21, 26, 1, 5, 4, 31, 11, 18, 13, 15, 23, 17, 7, 10, 9, 24, 19, 33, 20
Answer Source
With smaller numbers of combinations, this will work:
t(do.call(expand.grid, mapply(seq, Date1, Date2, SIMPLIFY = FALSE)))
Unfortunately, from your comment I infer that you have a relatively large number of combinations, thereby crushing the chance of dealing with all of your combinations at once. I suggest you may find use out of https://stackoverflow.com/a/36144255/3358272, slightly updated at https://gist.github.com/r2evans/e5531cbab8cf421d14ed. The point is to iterate over each combination and do something with it individually.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Daydreaming (Radiohead song)
"Daydreaming" is a song by the English rock band Radiohead, produced by Nigel Godrich. The song is a piano ballad with strings arranged by the Radiohead guitarist Jonny Greenwood. It was released as a download on 6 May 2016 as the second and final single from Radiohead's ninth studio album, A Moon Shaped Pool, accompanied by a music video directed by Paul Thomas Anderson.
Recording
"Daydreaming" was written around Jonny Greenwood playing piano in a jam without the singer, Thom Yorke, who added the vocals and the lyrics in another session. The song was finished early in Radiohead's sessions at the La Fabrique studio in France. Yorke described it as a "breakthrough" for the album.
For the introduction, the band slowed the tape, creating a pitch-warping effect. The strings, recorded at RAK Studios in London, were arranged by Greenwood and performed by the London Contemporary Orchestra, conducted by Hugh Brunt. The orchestra had previously worked with Greenwood on his score for the 2012 film The Master. Greenwood had the cellists detune their cellos, creating a "growling" sound. The cellist Oliver Coates said: "Nigel, Jonny and Thom all have this awesome relationship, and were so animated during the recording. I remember we were laying down the cello part at the end of 'Daydreaming' and Thom said, 'That's it – that is the sound of the record.'"
Music and lyrics
"Daydreaming" is a ballad with a "simple, sad" piano motif and ambient, electronic and orchestral elements. It ends with reversed, manipulated vocals; when reversed, Yorke seems to be singing "Half of my life", "I've found my love", or "Every minute, half of my love". Several critics felt the lyrics were coloured by Yorke's separation from his partner of 23 years, Rachel Owen. Pitchfork noted that 23 years was also approximately the same length of time that Radiohead had been releasing music, and saw the song as a "reckoning with those years, and, in one way or another, an elegy to them".
Music video
The "Daydreaming" music video was directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, for whom Greenwood has composed several film scores. In the video, Yorke walks through a series of doors and passageways leading to various disconnected locations, including a hotel, a hospital, a laundry, and a convenience store. He eventually climbs a snowy hill, enters a cave, and mouths the song's closing words as he lies down next to a fire.
Promotion and release
"Daydreaming" was released as a download on 6 May 2016 on Radiohead's site and on streaming and digital media services. Anderson and the band sent 35 mm prints of the music video to select theatres, inviting them to screen it. On 16 July 2016, Radiohead announced a fan competition to create a music video vignette for an alternative version of "Daydreaming" with additional strings.
Reception
Pitchfork ranked "Daydreaming" the 24th-best song of 2016, behind another Moon Shaped Pool track, "True Love Waits", at ninth. In 2020, the Guardian named "Daydreaming" the 12th-greatest Radiohead song, writing: "Beneath the tiptoeing pianos, 'Daydreaming' is a gut-wrencher."
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WIKI
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Wikipedia:Featured list candidates/List of Veronica Mars episodes
* The following is an archived discussion of a featured list nomination. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the article's talk page or in Wikipedia talk:Featured list candidates. No further edits should be made to this page.
The list was promoted by User:Matthewedwards 18:59, 15 November 2008.
List of Veronica Mars episodes
Cornucopia and I have been cleaning this up for a while, and have recently concluded a peer review. Since Veronica Mars is off the air, the list is comprehensive and complete. We're seeking formal recognition for the list, and anticipate resolving any lingering issues in this process. Jclemens (talk) 04:37, 26 October 2008 (UTC)
* Support, looks great.-- Music 26/ 11 16:53, 28 October 2008 (UTC)
* You need to offer more than that for it to carry any weight. Matthewedwards 00:14, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
Comments
* "PCH biker gang" Write in full on first use, so that non-So-Cal residents what the PCH is Done
* "Southern California seaside town" I've never heard "seaside" in So-Cal.. How about "coastal" or "beach"? Done
* Use and from episode list for the series and episode numbers, which will negate "(1-01)", which doesn't make sense Done
* I went ahead and deleted the (s-ep) numbering, since the airing order is consistent with the production code. Jclemens (talk) 03:50, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
* episode list has been modified so that instead of using and , you should use and . Entries will have to be reversed though, because it forces the Directors column to appear before Writers column Done
* For the viewing figures, use rather than , which will place them after the airdate. This makes more sense because the viewing figures occurred as a result of it airing. Entries will have to be reversed, don't forget Done
* Episode summaries could do with being expanded. They seem more like teasers at the moment. See Plot_summaries and WP:PLOTSUM Done
* Clarifying question: What's another article that you consider a good model for total length in plot summaries? Jclemens (talk) 01:35, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
* The_Simpsons (season 9), The_Simpsons (season 8), (any of The Simpsons lists, actually), The O.C. (season 3), Degrassi: The Next Generation (season 7), Blue Heelers (season_13), and The Office (US TV series) season 3 are pretty good. They've been promoted recently, so they'll indicate the lengths that are okay.
* Degrassi: The Next Generation (season 1), List of Desperate Housewives episodes and List of Stargate SG-1 episodes were promoted some time ago and need a bit of attention. Matthewedwards 04:01, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
* Thank you very much. Working on the tables now. Jclemens (talk) 04:05, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
* Regarding the plot summaries, do you mean that they are too short, or that some contain vague sentences. I think the length of the summaries are good as-is, it's just the vague parts that need to be cleared up. Is that reasonable? Corn.u.co.pia / Disc.us.sion 06:52, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
* I have increased the length of all summaries to two or more lines, and I have cleared up any vague sentences. Are the summaries fine now? Corn.u.co.pia / Disc.us.sion 12:56, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
Matthewedwards 00:14, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
* Understood. I'll get on those tonight. Jclemens (talk) 01:23, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
More comments
* Please follow encyclopedic WP:TONE. "dad", "kid", "cops", and "couple of" should be "father", "student", "police (or sheriffs)", something more specific done
* Specialist words such as "bumfights", should be wikilinked done
* "who took pictures of her and sent them to her mother and the Moon Calf Collective" needs refactoring.. the pictures weren't sent to the Moon Calf Collective done
* "Rap producer" sentence case done
* "Veronica finds out that her mother left rehab, asks her to leave town." is not a complete sentence done
* "bus' driver" --> "bus driver" done
* That's all I've caught, you could try to enlist a copy editor from Peer_review/volunteers. I've also found User:Scartol and User:97198 to be good. Matthewedwards 00:17, 1 November 2008 (UTC)
* Thanks for the feedback. I've gone through the entire list again and found and fixed several more issues. How important do you judge the necessity of an outside copyeditor at this point? Jclemens (talk) 04:34, 1 November 2008 (UTC)
Otherwise, very well done, well-constructed and well-organized. This list meets the criteria and is definitely worthy of promotion. Cheers. KV5 • Squawk box • Fight on! 23:16, 30 October 2008 (UTC)
* As my comments have been resolved, I support this excellent candidate for promotion. KV5 • Squawk box • Fight on! 01:47, 31 October 2008 (UTC)
* Thanks for your review and kind words. Please let me know if I've missed anything. Jclemens (talk) 01:31, 31 October 2008 (UTC)
Comments -
* What makes the following reliable sources?
* http://www.gpstore.com.au/News/Archive/9850.html
* http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/799359
* Both these sources are Australian DVD retailers. They are being used solely to support the DVD release dates in Australia. Gameplanet is a retailer that has been in business since 2002. EZDVD since 1999. Absent any online catalog of DVD availability dates, this is the best evidence we've been able to find to verify release dates. The S2 DVDs also appear within the context of other DVDs for Australian release inSeptember 2008. Is that sufficiently reliable for this purpose? Jclemens (talk) 17:57, 4 November 2008 (UTC)
* http://www.mediavillage.com/jmentr/2005/07/22/web-07-22-05/ deadlinked
* Done restored via Internet archive. Jclemens (talk) 19:27, 4 November 2008 (UTC)
* Otherwise sources look okay, links checked out with the link checker tool. Ealdgyth - Talk 16:51, 4 November 2008 (UTC)
Support, all issues resolved. Dabomb87 (talk) 22:53, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
Side-issue (not really) can you merge&redirect all the episodes to this list? The episodes, asides from the premieres and finales are completely not noticeable and should be only limited to this list. Nergaal (talk) 10:24, 9 November 2008 (UTC)
* I am currently working on the individual episodes, so they will be kept for now. Corn.u.co.pia / Disc.us.sion 07:25, 10 November 2008 (UTC)
* Comments from SatyrTN
* The only concern I have is that the final paragraphs probably belong in the main article, but not in the *list*. Other than that, the list looks good.
* [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|15px]] Support this nomination. -- SatyrTN (talk / contribs) 04:01, 15 November 2008 (UTC)
* Support but please add a hatnote-link for season 3 to this LoE. I am neutral on the inclusion of the the section "Cancellation and future". When/If all seasons get articles though, it can/should be reconsidered if each season intro in this LoE really needs to be this long (I am fine with this now as this LoE also serves as a season overview beyond its LoE purpose). – sgeureka t•c 08:26, 15 November 2008 (UTC)
* Understood. Ideally, we will be breaking out all three seasons and make corresponding changes to this list when those articles go live, too. Jclemens (talk) 17:43, 15 November 2008 (UTC)
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Cookbook:Backyard BBQ Chicken
BBQ chicken is always a barbecue favorite.
Ingredients
* 4 boneless skinless chicken breasts and drumsticks
* 1 tbsp cayenne pepper
* 1 tbsp kosher salt
* 1 tbsp black pepper
* 2 tbsp lemon pepper
* 1 ½ tsp garlic powder
* 2 tbsp smoked paprika
* 2 tbsp dark brown sugar
* 1 ½ cups tomato paste
* ¼ cup honey
* ¼ cup apple cider vinegar
Procedure
* 1) Combine dry ingredients and rub onto chicken.
* 2) Refrigerate 1 hour.
* 3) Combine liquid ingredients, bring to a boil, and simmer until reduced by ⅓.
* 4) Place on medium grill, and turn often, brushing with sauce when turned until interior temperature reaches 165 °F.
* 5) Let rest for 10 minutes; serve.
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WIKI
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User:Santiago1313/sandbox
http://www.cana.net.au/bush/global_warming.htm
http://news.mongabay.com/2006/0725-earthwatch.html
http://www.planetark.org/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/20757/story.htm
http://www.csiro.au/resources/pfbg.html
http://www.effects-of-global-warming.com/mitigation.html
Adaptation to global warming on Australia
Introduction
Climate change is being recognized as one of the largest global crises. This is precisely the same time, and virtually the same moment, when the world becomes urban. This is because urbanization brings irreversible changes in our patterns of production and consumption. How to plan, manage and live in our cities, largely determines the progress of global warming.
According to some experts, nearly three quarters of global energy consumption occurred in cities, while emissions of greenhouse gases that cause global warming come from urban areas. . Nearly one third of these emissions are caused by the burning of fossil fuels used by urban transport and another third comes from the energy used to heat and cool our buildings and run our appliances. The other third comes from the industrial sector. These are the footprints of our built environment and the consequences in the quest for quality of life in urban areas.
The main emitters of greenhouse gases are the industries of construction and metallurgical industry, transportation, real estate and agriculture being the direct sources of global emissions of greenhouse gases in cities, vehicle use, industrial uses of fossil fuels and the burning of biomass. Sources include indirect use of electricity consumption for street lighting, transport, industry, trade and consumption in cooking, lighting, heating and cooling of the housing. If the policies of OECD countries, specifically Australia and U.S., but also China and India remain unchanged, CO ² (which represent 72% of the emissions of greenhouse gases) in 2020 will increase by one third in place have been reduced by 5% as was approved in the Kyoto protocol.
Global warming will make the cities at risk. With the current trajectory of climate change world population are entering an era of growing urban vulnerability. The accelerated pace of urbanization with a growing segment of population in cities also significantly increased the vulnerability of urban areas in natural hazards and humanly constructed. Each time will become increasingly difficult to distinguish between what is humanly constructed and what is natural because both risks are overlapping. The frequency and intensity of disasters will grow very rapidly in the world. The risks are particularly severe in some regions of Australia.
Trouble and the emphasize five challenge
1. Sea level rise According to various projections, it is expected that sea level rise between 20 and 90 cms. during the 21 century, partly due to the mass loss of glaciers and ice caps. 2. Floods and mudslides The increase in the intensity, scale and frequency of rainfall is caused periodic flooding in low areas and regions, as well as mudslides in geologically unstable areas, usually identified with the location of illegal settlements more vulnerable. The areas built near rivers or in areas won in river beds will be subject to additional flooding.
3. Quality and reduction of water Flooding of urban areas tend to affect water treatment plants, wells, latrines and septic tanks. The water treatment systems and garbage will also be affected, in turn contaminate drinking water resources. Where there is a decrease of rainfall, droughts undertake the level of abstraction of water and supply drinking water to urban areas, accordingly. 4. Warming, cold waves and droughts Urban systems are severely affected by intense episodes of thermal variability, such as hot and cold waves that impose extra energy consumption for the use of air conditioners and heaters, as well as the disruption of the daily life of urban activities. 5. Hazards to health The socio-economic impacts of climate change in urban areas include increasing effects of urban heat islands, an increase in pollutants, ozone additional training, especially during the warm seasons, and investment thermal stations during winter, causing an increase in levels of morbidity and mortality.
Mitigation Mitigation focuses initial appearance and current problem of global warming. Includes any measure that would reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. The adaptation, by contrast, is the approach that focuses on the current part of the problem: the attempt to live with the changes in the environment and the economy that global warming has generated and will continue to generate.
1. Reducing emissions of greenhouse gases Emissions of greenhouse gases emanating from urban areas can be mitigated through four types of actions:
1.1. Urban Density Demand for energy in buildings of high level is lower than that of suburban housing families. Infrastructure costs, emissions are lower if the costs are lower consumption of land, transport and transfer times. The number of people with cars is much lower than in the suburbs, where public transport is benefited by serious investments. The expansive urban growth should be avoided and discouraged at all costs.
1.2. Construction and energy efficiency The operation and maintenance of residential buildings and offices are responsible for 38% of CO. Much of this figure comes from the air conditioning. It is therefore necessary to reduce energy needs for heating, lighting and cooling of buildings, but also increase efficiency in the use of technologies to build and own cycle construction.
1.3. Administration of transport demand The vigorous promotion of mass transportation systems, pedestrian areas, non-motorized transport and use of more efficient cars in relation to fuel and fuel more friendly to the environment can drastically reduce the total volume of CO ²
1.4 Production of cleaner energy The shift from coal to natural gas in power plants, promoting the use of clean energy sources to replace fossil energy, and combined heat and electricity represent significant opportunities. Adaptation Although national governments and local authorities are taking stringent mitigation measures, the need for adaptation is in the advance of climate change because carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for decades and is stored in the oceans heat for centuries. No matter how much humanity cut emissions of greenhouse gases from now, our emissions keep previous global warming for decades. Therefore, cities must also strengthen their resistance against climate impact that our past emissions have launched. The determinants of adaptive capacity include the availability of financial resources, technology, specialized institutions and human resources, as well as access to information and existence of laws, social and organizational; goods that are usually scarce in developing countries and small cities. In cities with proven vulnerability to climate change, investment is likely to require a "hardening" of urban infrastructure, including systems storm wells, water supply and treatment plants and protection or relocation of facilities solid waste management, power generation and distribution systems.
Coastal regions are likely to need large investment in physical infrastructure projects, specifically related to sea level rise, as the construction of protective barriers against the rising sea and dams, redesign and development of port facilities and improvement of systems defense of coastal areas and flood.
Another adaptation measure would be the construction of new cities in soils high, leaving completely vulnerable floodplains. This withdrawal will take place probably managed over time, and this would require a combination of market incentives such as the differential cost of insurance and re-insurance and investment planning and public sector.
To internalize the limitations of climate change requires proper planning for land use and building codes. The land use planning should channel new residential developments and productive investment towards areas less vulnerable. The inhabitants of slums and informal should receive assistance to regularize their properties and thus enable low-income groups to buy, build or rent homes in secure locations.
As a basis for planning, local authorities need reliable and understandable assessment of the risks of cities above, the dissemination of such information, establishing early warning systems and evacuation plans, including warning systems for emergencies, response and improved urban environmental management.
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WIKI
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Talk:Samuel Stritch
article is a veritable sea of blue - and "emigrate" vs "immigrate"
Is it really necessary to link United States? The page needs some serious help in getting rid of obvious stuff like this.
What *is* necessary is to redirect from Cardinal Stritch for users who don't know his first name.
And his mother im migrated to the US; she e migrated from Ireland. Two different words, with opposite meanings.
Milkunderwood (talk) 12:26, 7 January 2012 (UTC)
* Article edited with "emigrated" -> "immigrated", and several delinks of common terms and names. Also new redirect added from "Cardinal Stritch". Milkunderwood (talk) 20:51, 28 January 2012 (UTC)
I have reverted this edit: Latest revision as of 23:47, 6 February 2012 by User:Writtenright (→Early life and education: Leaving one's native land: emigration. Arriving in one's new land: immigration.) Your definitions are correct, but then the sentence will need to be rewritten as She did not "emigrate to" anywhere at all - that is a linguistic impossibility. Milkunderwood (talk) 00:55, 7 February 2012 (UTC)
* His mother emigrated from Ireland to the United States with her parents at a young age, ...
Sources:
* Garner, Bryan A., A Dictionary of Modern American Usage. Oxford, 1998. http://www.amazon.com/Dictionary-Modern-American-Usage/dp/0195078535:
* immigrate; emigrate. Immigrate = to migrate into or enter (a country). Emigrate = to migrate away from or exit (a country).
* and:
* Emigrate is to immigrate as go is to come, or as take is to bring.
Milkunderwood (talk) 01:50, 7 February 2012 (UTC)
* Partridge, Eric, Origins. Crown, 1983. http://www.amazon.com/Origins-Etymological-Dictionary-Modern-English/dp/0517414252:
* e-, ex-: out, out of, out from, off from, off, from, [etc]
* im-, in-: in, within, into, towards, [etc].
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified one external link on Samuel Stritch. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
* Added tag to http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/imagegallery.php?EntryID=S111
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* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080518020950/http://www.archmil.org/bishops/BishopStritch.asp to http://www.archmil.org/bishops/BishopStritch.asp
Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 01:55, 10 December 2017 (UTC)
Poignant Photograph
I remember a front-page photograph of Cardinal Stritch in one of the Chicago newspapers, that captures him offering Mass (in Rome, I think), and elevating the communion host with one arm. This was of course taken in the short interval between his right-arm amputation and his death. This picture would be a great addition if anyone can locate it. I wonder if he, like Isaac Jogues required a papal dispensation in order to perform the sacramental functions that require use of the right hand? WHPratt (talk) 19:22, 7 March 2022 (UTC)
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WIKI
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kamala
Etymology
From.
Noun
* , a lotus plant.
* , a plant in the spurge family.
* 1) An orange dyestuff obtained from that plant.
Etymology
From (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), possibly borrowed from. Alternatively, possibly related to 🇨🇬.
Adjective
* 1) horrible, terrible
* 2) terribly, an intensifier
* 1) terribly, an intensifier
Noun
* 1) plant
Noun
* 1) decency, dignity
Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.
Adjective
* 1) dirty
* 2) bad, terrible
Etymology
From.
Noun
* 1) lotus
Etymology
.
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WIKI
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Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 13.djvu/762
742 likeness, and no confusion is made. What holds good of men holds good equally of all other beings. I have observed this genesis in myself; formerly rather hostile to dogs, now that I have a dog myself, I feel well inclined toward the whole canine species, but most to that part of it which has some characteristic feature in common with my favorite. This, then, is the genesis of the benevolent disposition, that, after having by confusion become well inclined toward certain things, we feel the same benevolence toward each of their attributes; when we find these attributes in other things, we feel equally well inclined toward them, and by confusion extend this benevolence to the individual possessing the attribute. Hence it follows that the greater the diversity among the individuals toward whom we acquire a benevolent feeling when young, the wider the range of our sympathies, of the benevolence we feel at once toward those with whom we come in contact—a fact of some importance in educational science.
I do not know whether I shall have convinced my reader of the soundness of my theory. Limited space and an inadequate power over the language may have prevented me from attaining this end. But the question is so important that even the mere suggestion of a possible theory might be accepted as of some use toward the final solution of the problem, and as such I offer the foregoing pages.—Mind.
LAUDE BERNARD died at Paris, in February, 1878, in the sixty-fifth year of his age. The nineteenth century produced Magendie, Flourens, Johannes Müller, Charles Bell, Marshall Hall, and others, who made great discoveries in human physiology; but none of these great men did more for the advancement of knowledge in this direction than the subject of our sketch. Bernard was a pure physiologist; and, in his day, he was recognized as the great exponent of the experimental school. His name is connected with important discoveries in nearly every department of human physiology, and the influence of his method has borne fruit wherever this science is studied.
The career of Claude Bernard is a most interesting and instructive chapter in the history of the progress of physiology for the past thirty-five years. The accounts of his life which have appeared in the French journals give little information with regard to his early life. It is simply stated that he was born in the village of Saint-Julien, near Villefranche (Rhône), on the 12th of July, 1813, where he studied pharmacy. When about twenty-one years of age, he went to Paris with the manuscript of a tragedy. He had written a vaudeville, which had been represented at Lyons; it is not said with what success, but
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WIKI
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Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Dresden Frauenkirche
Dresden Frauenkirche
Voting period ends on 17 Apr 2012 at 20:12:08 (UTC)
* Reason:Photo, showing how the church looked like before bombing of Dresden in 1945, good quality considering the age
* Articles in which this image appears:Dresden Frauenkirche and articles in other wikis
* FP category for this image:Places/Architecture
* Creator:
* Support as nominator -- Brand meister talk 20:12, 8 April 2012 (UTC)
* Comment: We're really going to need better sourcing than that. J Milburn (talk) 22:00, 8 April 2012 (UTC)
* Comment Lots of JPEG artifacts. Makeemlighter (talk) 00:54, 9 April 2012 (UTC)
* Oppose per above two comments. Crisco 1492 (talk) 06:15, 9 April 2012 (UTC)
* Comment. Added ALT-1. I did some restoration on the original lossless tiff file. I also did some work on the sourcing. O.J. (talk) 23:41, 12 April 2012 (UTC)
* Comment: Restoration looks much better, but it's tilted. Clegs (engage in rational discourse) 09:10, 13 April 2012 (UTC)
* I thought the original looked tilted, so I rotated it clockwise about 0,5 degrees. O.J. (talk) 14:22, 13 April 2012 (UTC)
* It still looks tilted to the left 2 or 3 degrees. Clegs (engage in rational discourse) 07:34, 15 April 2012 (UTC)
--Makeemlighter (talk) 21:43, 17 April 2012 (UTC)
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WIKI
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JSON to TSV Converter
JSON to TSV Converter
JSON to TSV converter tool transforms data in JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) format into TSV format. This type of conversion is needed when data needs to be moved between different systems or applications that require different data formats. The tool works by parsing the JSON input to understand its structure and then translating this structure into a tabular format suitable for TSV. This can be particularly challenging if the JSON data is nested or hierarchical, as TSV is a flat structure.
For example, a JSON object like:
{
"name": "John Doe",
"age": 30,
"address": {
"street": "123 Main St",
"city": "Anytown"
}
Could be converted into TSV format like:
name age address_street address_city
John Doe 30 123 Main St Anytown
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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CASE 16736 Published on 24.04.2020
CSF flow study in differentiation between the arachnoid cyst and mega cisterna magna
Section
Paediatric radiology
Case Type
Clinical Cases
Authors
Pradeep Raj Regmi1, Isha Amatya
1 Fellow in Pediatric Imaging, University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece
pradeep.iom@gmail.com
2 3rd year Resident, Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College
Patient
1 week, male
Categories
Area of Interest CNS, Foetal imaging, Paediatric ; Imaging Technique MR
Clinical History
A neonate born at 36 weeks period of gestation was found to have a cystic lesion in the posterior fossa (more than 10 mm) on routine cranial ultrasound and MRI was performed for further evaluation of the cystic lesion (cisterna magna/retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst) and rule out any congenital malformations.
Imaging Findings
Well-defined T2 high, T1 low and FLAIR suppressed (CSF attenuating) lesion seen in the left paramidline location in the posterior fossa. No flow voids were seen within the lesion. The lesion showed the mass effect in the form of scalloping of the adjacent inner calvarium and left cerebellar hemisphere. However, there is no evidence of the abnormal signal intensity within the adjacent cerebellar parenchyma. Fourth ventricle, vermis and cerebellar hemispheres appear normal. On CSF flow study, there is no evidence of flow within the cyst in both magnitude as well as phase images.
Discussion
Flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain has primarily two types of motion, namely bulk flow and pulsatile flow. Bulk flow is due to the continued hydrostatic pressure difference between the choroid plexus (from where the CSF is produced) and arachnoid granulations (where CSF is absorbed). There is continued slow flow of CSF from the ventricles to the subarachnoid spaces. The other flow pattern known as pulsatile flow depends on the pulsations in the choroid plexus and subarachnoid portions of cerebral arteries which are congruent with the cardiac cycle. It results in backward flow during cardiac systole and forward flow during cardiac diastole. Unlike the bulk flow, this pulsatile flow can be measured by the technique called Phase contrast MRI (PC-MRI). [1-3]
The basic principle of this technique is to create the bipolar gradient in moving and stationary tissues in the selected field of view. Spins moving in a same direction of the gradient will have the positive net shift whereas the spins moving in an opposite direction of the applied gradient will have the negative shift. Velocity encoding (VENC) is one of the crucial steps in the process and its selection depends on the fluid of the study. It should be slight less or equal to the velocity of the fluid which is to be measured. It is taken as approximately 10 cm/s for CSF traversing through the foramen magnum and 8 cm/s for the CSF through aqueduct. The magnitude image represents the CSF flow as a bright signal in the dark background which means that stationary tissue represents black signal and moving tissue represents bright signal. Phase image shows the forward flow and backward flow which is represented as white and dark signal respectively. The major disadvantage is its total time for obtaining the images (approximately 30 minutes) which is one of the issues in the paediatric population. Other common indications of CSF flow study is to evaluate cases of normal pressure hydrocephalus, syringomyelia, chiari malformation, communicating and non-communicating arachnoid cyst as well as after neurosurgical procedures. [3]
The main challenge in the diagnosis of posterior fossa cysts in the paediatric age group is differentiating between arachnoid cysts from mega cisterna magna. Mega cisterna magna is the enlarged cisterna magna (more than 10 mm in mid-sagittal plane) with intact cerebellar vermis and normal fourth ventricle. It freely communicates with the subarachnoid space in contrast to the arachnoid cysts. However, both arachnoid cysts and mega cisterna magna can produce scalloping of the inner calvarium and same signal intensity (T1 low, T2 high, FLAIR suppressed and no restriction in DWI) in MRI. Some differentiating features in MRI are the presence of the free falx cerebelli and posterior dural folds can suggest no mass effect in cisterna magna in contrast to arachnoid cysts. In CSF flow study, normal CSF flow can be seen within the cisterna magna with bright and black signal in phase images due to forward flow and backward flow depending on the diastole and systolic phases of cardiac cycle respectively. However, no flow is detected within the arachnoid cysts in the posterior fossa in the magnitude and phase images in PC-MRI. The treatment of the arachnoid cysts depends on location, size and presence of the neurological symptoms. [4-7]
Written informed patient consent for publication has been obtained.
Differential Diagnosis List
Posterior fossa arachnoid cyst
Mega cisterna magna
Epidermoid cyst
Dandy walker malformation
Final Diagnosis
Posterior fossa arachnoid cyst
Case information
URL: https://www.eurorad.org/case/16736
ISSN: 1563-4086
License
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Banned From Amazon: The Shoppers Who Make Too Many Returns
Even Amazon.com Inc. has its limits.
The e-commerce giant bans shoppers from the site for infractions such as returning too many items, sometimes without telling them what they did wrong.
Amazon has cultivated an image as a customer-friendly company in part by making it easy for shoppers to send back items they don’t want. The site’s lax... RELATED VIDEO Is Amazon Going to Rule the World? Amazon wants to deliver everything you want to your doorstep, anywhere in the world. But the e-commerce giant faces several challenges in its pursuit of a global empire. WSJ's Karan Deep Singh breaks down the basics with the help of an Amazon delivery box. To Read the Full Story Subscribe Sign In
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NEWS-MULTISOURCE
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Nexus 4 Cache Performance
It’s not all about the CPU
In Sisoftware’s benchmark comparison of the Samsung Galaxy S3(Cortex-A9), Galaxy S4 3G (Snapdragon) and Galaxy S4 LTE(Exynos 5 Octa) they remark that compared to the Cortex-A9 on their AES-256 Encrypt/Decrypt benchmark test:
Krait is only 13% faster here, based on the increased memory bandwidth and clock increase we expected more. Its small L0/L1 caches may be to blame.
They highlight a possible problem, and one of the more difficult parts of performance optimization. So we thought we would take a closer look to see what is going on.
The processor speed is only one part of the puzzle when trying to make code run fast. If you have slow memory accesses then you can’t feed the processor fast enough to make full use of all clock cycles. This is true of applications which process large amounts of data or access data inefficiently. It can also be true of the instructions that make up the program. Those also need to be retrieved from memory just like data, and if you have a very complicated algorithm, or if your program jumps around between lots of functions, you may slow things down more than you might imagine. The fastest caches live very close to the registers on the chip and there are separate data and instruction caches for each processor. The larger, slower L2 cache is shared between data and instructions and across all CPUs in a multicore system. The Krait used on the Nexus 4 has a 4k/4k super fast L0, a 16K/16K L1, and a 2MB L2. This contrasts with a 32K/32K L1 and 1MB L2 on the Cortex-A9. Another difference between the Krait and the A9 is the length of the cache lines they use. The A9 has 32 byte lines, the Krait has 64 byte. This means that the Krait pulls in twice as much data whenever it adds something to the cache. This is good if you are accessing lots of data all in a row. But if you only use a small portion of the cache line, then you are wasting space in the cache with data you don’t use.
The Sisoftware article suggests that there may be something about the AES-256 algorithm which exceeds the cache capacity of the Nexus 4. If you have data or an algorithm which does not fit in the L1 cache, then you will waste time pulling in the same data multiple times. Sisoftware is limited in the article to drawing conclusions based on the benchmark numbers. We can perform a deeper analysis using our Prism tool technology so let’s see if they are right.
Replicating the results
To reproduce the results we took an existing implementation of the Rijndael cypher from the mibench benchmark and compiled it for Android. We ran it on both a Nexus 4 and a Nexus 7 to compare the Krait and the Cortex-A9. We were comparing the complete systems, so there could be other differences, such as memory bandwidth, playing a part. We chose a large block of text as our test data so that the encryption takes about 9-10 seconds on the devices.
Test Nexus 4 – nanoseconds Nexus 7 – nanoseconds Performance Ratio Nexus 4 – cycles Nexus 7 – cycles
Rijndael – Encrypt 9115916376 10718004000 1.18 13673874564 12861604800
Rjindael – Decrypt 9063695997 10474305000 1.16 13595543995.5 12569166000
Similar to the Sisoftware test, we can see that the Nexus 4 is faster. But, disappointingly, only by around 18%. It is clocked 25% faster, should have faster memory and may even some other advantages. So something does not seem quite right.
Digging deeper
Now we have these results, we wanted to examine the reasons behind the behaviour. To provide some illumination we turned to the Prism Technology Platform, our profiling and analysis suite. It instruments the application under analysis at runtime and allows us to gather comprehensive information about the memory and processing characteristics of an application in order to identify areas of poor performance. Because it tracks all data accesses, we can build a picture of how well an algorithm is using the cache by modelling the cache’s attributes.
Device Instructions Cache Line Length
(bytes)
Cache Size
(kb)
Number of Cache
Lines
L1 Data Cache Misses
(Compulsory)
L1 Data Cache Misses
(Capacity)
Nexus 4 15885136198 64 16 256 419 7455912
Nexus 7 15885135967 32 32 1024 760 0
Examining the results showed a clear difference. The first time we load a line of data into the cache we have no choice, it will always be a cache miss, so we call it a compulsory miss. These are recorded separately and showed that the Nexus 4 loads up fewer, longer cache lines as expected. The interesting comparison is with the number of cache lines the two L1 caches have. We can see the Nexus 4 is trying to load more data than can fit in its cache. Because of this, we see that it has capacity misses, times when data has to be reloaded into the cache because it has been evicted by something else. Whenever we miss the L1 cache we incur a performance penalty as the L2 cache is slower. We do not have timing information for the Krait, but the Cortex-A9 has an L2 latency of 8 cycles compared with 1-2 for L1. So the Nexus 4 performance is being reduced because of the size of its cache. Without more detailed architectural information it is hard to estimate exactly what effect the cache misses are having on the algorithm, except to say that the Nexus 4 will certainly be slowed as a result.
We can improve our confidence in that conclusion by adjusting the Rjindael algorithm. Our implementation by default uses a number of 8kb tables. Instead we can use slower 2kb tables which should make everything fit into the smaller cache of the Nexus 4.
Test Nexus 4 – nanoseconds Nexus 7 – nanoseconds Performance Ratio Nexus 4 – cycles Nexus 7 – cycles
Rijndael – Encrypt (Smaller Table) 9751472633 14872027000 1.53 14627208949.5 17846432400
Rjindael – Decrypt (Smaller Table) 13286006396 19539650000 1.47 19929009594 23447580000
Our changes have made the test run slower on both devices, but the relative performance has changed in favor of the Nexus 4. With the working set of data now inside the 16kb limit of the L1 cache, the performance penalty disappears and the Nexus 4 is about 1.5 times faster than the Nexus 7.
Same problem, different place
We went on to survey a range of benchmarks, looking for unusual results to analyze further. One which jumped out at us was the performance of the Nexus 4 on the Mandelbrot part of the Smartbench benchmark. The Nexus 4 was faster overall, but achieved a Mandelbrot score of around 3000. The Nexus 7 scored over 4200 despite having a slower processor. Further investigation revealed that the Benchmark was spending a lot of time in the libskia library. At its lowest level it was spending a lot of time drawing the pixels which make up the fractal images, but the associated execution time is spent in a large number of functions. Using Prism we were again able to simulate the behavior of the L1 cache.
Device Instructions L1 Instruction Cache Misses
(Compulsory)
L1 Instruction Cache Misses
(Capacity)
L1 Instruction Cache Miss Bytes
(Capacity)
Instruction Cache Unused
(bytes)
Instruction Unused %
Nexus 4 3236505383 3065 15431998 987647872 550337409 55.7%
Nexus 7 3765191562 6892 2538686 81237952 35526175 43.7%
This time the difference that stands out is in the instruction cache. The Nexus 4 has about 13 million more cache misses than the Nexus 7. This benchmark fragment uses about 1/3 of the instructions of the Rijndael example but has almost twice as many cache misses so the performance impact of having to go to the L2 cache to fetch instructions will be even greater.
The Prism Technology Platform gathered detailed information about the accesses of the program and modeled the behavior of the cache. This let us know which accesses missed and how much of a cache line is used before it is evicted, information which would otherwise be very hard to collect. From the Smartbench example we could see that both the Nexus 4 and the Nexus 7 are not using all of the data that they pull in to the cache. In fact the Nexus 4 with its longer cache lines is using less than half the data it loads into L1. This is wasted space and effort, and when trying to optimize applications, improving the efficiency of cache use is one of the advanced optimization strategies that the Prism tools allow us to investigate.
Details matter
Performance evaluation and optimization is a complex subject. In the rapidly evolving mobile computing sector, new processors and devices appear frequently and optimizing not only applications but also the underlying virtual machines and libraries is a constantly shifting problem. The correct tools let you gather detailed performance information and allow you to move from identifying unusual behavior to discovering the underlying cause. Without this low level information it is difficult to get to the point where you can find a performance bottleneck and start improving it. The example above shows the benefits of being able to perform low-level profiling and modeling. It allowed us to confirm the hypothesis made by Sisoftware and target our search within the test case to the amount of data the algorithm used. Without such measurements you rely on trial and error which can take a long time and gives you little understanding of the underlying performance limitations of the system.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Talk:Kyle Chapman (New Zealand activist)
Photo
Image:KyleChapman.jpg has been claimed as copyrighted by the slightly increasingly noted professional news photographer, Cameron Burnell. It does not depict a unique and unreproducable historic event. Nor are we using it to comment criticly on the photograph itself (Why is it so purple anyway?). It's an original-sized portrait (aka snapshot) and I can't see the fair use exemption being applicable in this case. [This page seems like a better place to discuss the matter than the image talk page.] Other thoughts? -Willmcw July 4, 2005 08:06 (UTC)
* The photo was on an indynews page and marked as PD, where I got it from. I haven't edited the wiki for a while so didn't notice its disappearance... porges 08:51, July 17, 2005 (UTC)
* After further discussion it appeared that the claimant was indeed Burnell, that it was his photo, and that he genuinely wished it not be listed as PD. Since there was no legitimate fair use claim we deleted it. -Willmcw 10:12, July 17, 2005 (UTC)
POV
After having reviewed this article for a second time I've decided to flag it for POV. Obviously some bias has crept in especially regarding apparent harassment Kyle has received. Perhaps some sources would be good here. I would be happy to help rewrite the article. Bactoid (talk) 05:58, 3 December 2007 (UTC)
* The article was "stubbed" last year due to a complaint, presumably from the subject. We shouldn't restore that information without good sources. That version had a couple of sources, but they may have gond dead. Proquest has about 50 articles that either mention him or are about him. ·:· Will Beback ·:· 07:10, 3 December 2007 (UTC)
* The Survive Club is apparently a survivalist group. A type of club very common and well understood in the USA. The statement that he that "denies being a militia and denies any racist ties despite the histories of some of its members" is simply biased. There is no evidence cited that it is either a militia or racist.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 19:34, 23 March 2013 (UTC)
Conflict of interest
A major editor of this page states that he is the subject, see. Dougweller (talk) 13:15, 3 March 2014 (UTC)
Inappropriate tagging
I have twice removed the six-month old instances of the Autobiography and COI templates from this article, pointing out that no specific issues have been identified, only to be reverted by User:Haminoon, with references to the section, which merely points out that a (minor) contributor to the article (most of whose edits have been modified or removed; and at least one of which removed a clear breach of WP:BLP) claims to be the subject.
The documentation for the latter template includes (links and emboldening in original):
"Use this tag to request help with an article that is biased or has other serious problems as a direct result of the editing done by the subject of the article or by a person with a close connection to the subject (e.g., professional public relations staff).
Do not use this tag unless there are significant or substantial problems with the article's neutrality as a result of the contributor's involvement. Like the other pov tags, this tag is not meant to be a badge of shame or to "warn the reader" about the identities of the editors.
Do not use this tag if you can quickly solve the problem...
Like the other neutrality-related tags, if you place this tag, you should promptly start a discussion on the article's talk page to explain what is non-neutral about the article."
and continues (emphasis added):
This tag may be removed by any editor after the problem is resolved, if the problem is not explained on the article's talk page, and/or if no current attempts to resolve the problem can be found."
The use of the templates in this article does not meet the former criteria; and so they should be removed. This is a WP:BLP policy matter. Andy Mabbett ( Pigsonthewing ); Talk to Andy; Andy's edits 23:18, 9 September 2014 (UTC)
"Occupation: White supremacist"?
A recent edit stated in the infobox that Chapman's "Occupation" is "White supremacist". While he may be that, I don't think that is his occupation; it's not demonstrated that he earns a living by being a white supremacist. I have removed that claim. HenryCrun15 (talk) 22:58, 24 March 2017 (UTC)
* One can validly state an occupation (e.g. "Student" or "Home duties" or "Retired") without earning a living from it. Maybe Mr Chapman can give us evidence. Robin Patterson (talk) 12:06, 31 December 2022 (UTC)
Tables not matching info in text?
I was just doing a quick edit on this one, to tie in with some Australian stuff, but it looks to me as if the parties in the table (specifically 2007) don't seem to match the content in the lead and body (National Front is given twice). Laterthanyouthink (talk) 10:33, 31 March 2021 (UTC)
Birth date and place
The Taumarunui article lists him (without sources) as being born there in 1971. The date fits OK with the Waikato Times article of May 11 2009 (ref near the top) saying he was 38. Any better documentation? Birth certificate? Robin Patterson (talk) 11:58, 31 December 2022 (UTC)
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WIKI
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-- Caribbean Weather System Has 10% Chance to Form Into Cyclone Within 2 Days
An area of clouds and showers over
the central and southwestern Caribbean Sea has a 10 percent
chance of forming into a tropical system in the next two days,
the U.S. National Hurricane Center said.
The weather system stretches from just south of Cuba to the
coasts of Panama and Colombia, taking in Jamaica and parts of
Haiti, Nicaragua, Honduras and Costa Rica, according to a map on
the center’s website . The system is south of where BP Plc is
trying to stem and clean up the worst oil spill in U.S. history.
“Additional development of this system, if any, will be
slow to occur as it moves slowly westward,” the center said.
The June 1-Nov. 30 Atlantic hurricane season is typically
most active in August and September. This year, one named storm
has formed so far, Hurricane Alex, which slammed into
northeastern Mexico on June 30.
To contact the reporter on this story:
Alex Morales in London at
amorales2@bloomberg.net .
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NEWS-MULTISOURCE
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Cambodian government criminalizes insult of monarchy
PHNOM PENH (Reuters) - Cambodia’s government adopted a lese majeste law on Friday that would make it a crime to insult the king and which rights groups said they feared could be used to target opponents. Prime Minister Hun Sen’s cabinet said an article had been added into the constitution to make an insult to the monarchy a crime punishable by between one and five years in a prison and a fine of between $500 and $2,500. In a statement after a cabinet meeting, it said the measure was “to uphold and defend His Majesty the King and His Honor”. No date has been set for the National Assembly to adopt the final law, but the dominance of Hun Sen’s supporters in parliament means its passage is almost guaranteed. Although King Norodom Sihamoni is Cambodia’s head of state, authoritarian leader Hun Sen has dominated the Southeast Asian country for more than 33 years. Rights groups said they feared the new law could also be used to target critics of the government, which last year had the main opposition party shut down and its leader, Kem Sokha, arrested on treason charges he says were politically driven. “The cabinet’s approval of a lese-majeste law appears to be a further attempt by the government to weaponize the country’s legislation against its perceived opponents,” said Kingsley Abbott, ICJ’s Senior International Legal Adviser. “The Government’s ongoing misuse of the law is particularly concerning given the lack of independent and impartial judges to provide appropriate checks and balances on its power,” he added. Neigboring Thailand has the world’s toughest lese majeste law, with sentences of up to 15 years for each offense of royal insult. Prosecutions under the Thai law have risen since a 2014 coup and critics of the junta say it has been used as a means to silence any dissent. Editing by Matthew Tostevin and Toby Chopra
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NEWS-MULTISOURCE
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2023 CONCACAF Central American Cup knockout stage
The 2023 CONCACAF Central American Cup knockout stage was played from 26 September to 5 December 2023. A total of 8 teams competed in the knockout stage to decide the champions of the 2023 CONCACAF Central American Cup.
Qualified teams
The winners and runners-up of each of the four groups in the group stage advanced to the quarter-finals.
Seeding
Teams were seeded 1–8 based on results in the group stage and assigned a position in a fixed bracket. For example, the first semi-final was contested between the winner of the 1 vs. 8 quarter-final and the winner of the 4 vs. 5 quarter-final. For each round, the host of the second leg was determined based on performance in all previous rounds, including the group stage.
Format
The knockout stage was played on a single-elimination tournament with the following rules:
* Each tie was played on a home-and-away two-legged basis. The home team of the second leg in each tie was determined separately for each round as follows (Regulations Article 12.11):
* In the quarter-finals, the group winners hosted the second leg.
* In the semi-finals and play-in, the higher-ranked teams based on total points accumulated in the group stage and the quarterfinals hosted the second leg.
* In the finals, the higher-ranked team based on total points accumulated in the group stage, quarterfinals, and semi-finals hosted the second leg.
* In the quarter-finals and semi-finals, if tied on aggregate, the away goals rule would be used. If still tied, the penalty shoot-out would be directly used to determine the winners (Regulations Article 12.10.2).
* In the play-in and finals, if tied on aggregate, the away goals rule would also be used. If still tied, 30 minutes of extra time would be played without the away goals rule during this time. If still tied after extra time, the penalty shoot-out would be used to determine the winner (Regulations Article 12.10.3).
Bracket
The bracket of the final stages was determined as follows: The bracket was decided based on the quarter-finals seeding.
Quarter-finals
In the quarter-finals, the teams were seeded based on their results in the group stage, with the group winners seeded 1–4, and the group runners-up seeded 5–8. The group winners hosted the second leg.
Summary
The first legs were played on 26–28 September, and the second legs were played on 3–5 October 2023.
* }
Matches
''Alajuelense won 6–1 on aggregate, advanced to the semi-finals (Match SF1) and qualified for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup Round One at minimum. Cartaginés advanced to the play-in.''
''Herediano won 3–2 on aggregate, advanced to the semi-finals (Match SF1) and qualified for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup Round One at minimum. Comunicaciones advanced to the play-in.''
''Real Estelí won 3–2 on aggregate, advanced to the semi-finals (Match SF2) and qualifies for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup Round One at minimum. Saprissa advanced to the play-in.''
''Independiente won 3–1 on aggregate, advanced to the semi-finals (Match SF2) and qualifies for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup Round One at minimum. Motagua advanced to the play-in.''
Play-in
In the play-in, the team in each tie which have the better performance across all previous rounds (group stage and quarter-finals) host the second leg.
Summary
The first legs were played on 24–25 October, and the second legs were played on 31 October – 1 November 2023.
* }
Matches
Tied 2–2 on aggregate, Comunicaciones won on penalties and qualified for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup Round One.
Saprissa won 6–2 on aggregate and qualified for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup Round One.
Semi-finals
In the semi-finals, the team in each tie which have the better performance across all previous rounds (group stage and quarter-finals) host the second leg.
Summary
The first legs were played on 25–26 October, and the second legs were played on 1–2 November 2023.
* }
Matches
Tied 4–4 on aggregate, Alajuelense won on penalties and advanced to the finals.
Real Estelí won 3–2 on aggregate and advanced to the finals.
Finals
In the finals, the team which has the better performances across all previous rounds (group stage, quarter-finals, and semi-finals) host the second leg.
Summary
<section end=Finals />
* }
Matches
Alajuelense won 4–1 on aggregate and qualified for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup Round of 16.
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WIKI
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Wikipedia:Peer review/Rent (musical)/archive1
Rent (musical)
This peer review discussion has been closed. I've listed this article for peer review because I would like to nominate it for GA and would like some comments.
Thanks, Theking 17825 22:04, 23 May 2011 (UTC)
Brianboulton comments
* From a review point of view this article presents several problems. It has had nearly 4,000 edits, over half from IPs. It has been worked on by hundreds of editors; the list of the top 50 editors shows that none have more than 88 edits and hardly any of the most prominent have been near the article in the last six months.
* The article continues to be edited frequently, generally by IPs. There is no evidence on the talkpage of co-operation between the multiple editors, whereby the article's problems could be identified and worked on. For example, a tag dated July 2009, drawing attention to the excessive length of the plot summary, is still in place although clearly much work has been done on this section.
* The PR nominator appears to have only one edit to the article. The reason given for the PR request is an intention to try for GA. I think that at present the article is some way from GA standard, and the full peer review would be more appropriate when much more of the necessary development work has been completed. I suggest the following steps:-
* 1) Post the intention to work towards a GAN on the article's talkpage, and explore the possibility a building a group to work together on the article.
* 2) Look for a well-developed musical or opera article that you can use as a model. There are very few of these at WP:GA - Hair (musical) is in my view far too long and over-detailed. There are more and better examples at WP:FAC among the mucicals, light operas and operas.
* 3) Identify and agree on the areas which most require attention. After a quick scan through the article I would suggest the following for consideration: Drastically reduce the "Productions" section; Introduce a proper critical reception section; Get rid of the general listiness - at present we have (a)the infobox, (b) the La boheme/Rent comparison (c) List of musical numbers (d)Lists of main and minor characters (e) Cast list (f) Lists of actors (g) Lists of awards. All these distort the nature and appearance of the article. Suggest get rid of some of these and shorten/merge others
* 4) Work needed on referencing. At present there are unreferenced paragraphs, unreferenced quotes, and at least one "unreliability" tag
* 5) Consider whether you need the "Cultural impact" section, which at present contains what is mostly trivia.
Bearing in mind that peer review is intended for articles that have already undergone considerable development, I suggest that it brought back here for further review when these major concerns have been addressed. Brianboulton (talk) 21:39, 1 June 2011 (UTC)
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WIKI
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Talk:William Fraser (bishop of St Andrews)
Untitled
Can this page please be fully completed, I have upcoming History exams and it would be very helpful. Thank you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs)
* LOL. There are plenty of other more reliable and less biased sources out there. Wikipedia is probably the last place you want to go for this sort of information. --RucasHost 01:56, 16 September 2007 (UTC)
* However, after your course is finished you could use what you've learned to improve this article. --RucasHost 01:57, 16 September 2007 (UTC)
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WIKI
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Gastrointestinal disorders are another common cause of unexplained weight loss – in fact they are the most common non-cancerous cause of idiopathic weight loss.[citation needed] Possible gastrointestinal etiologies of unexplained weight loss include: celiac disease, peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease (crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), pancreatitis, gastritis, diarrhea and many other GI conditions.
There’s a reason people are obsessed with apple cider vinegar for weight loss. Some research shows that it may have very modest weight loss benefits. For instance, in one 2009 study, researchers had 144 obese adults drink a placebo or 1 to 2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar (ACV) daily for 3 months. They found that people who downed 2 tablespoons lost nearly 4 pounds, while those who sipped on 1 tablespoon dropped 2.5 pounds. The placebo drinkers? They actually experienced a small weight gain.
Since growth hormone is a potent fat burning hormone this will further increase fat burning in the post exercise state. Short duration sessions simply preserve muscle tissue far better than long drawn out cardio sessions. Compare the difference in physiques between a sprinter and a marathon runner. They are both runners but they have drastically different looks to their bodies.
Earlier, belly fat was considered healthy; it was perceived as a reservoir of adipose tissues that could be utilized when a person needed extra energy. With time, the views have changed. Researchers state that excess belly fat triggers chronic cardiovascular diseases. So, it is important to measure belly fat and check how much you need to reduce. Here are some parameters to measure your waistline.
Fitness and lifestyle coach Marci Nevin (@marcinevin on Instagram) posted nine simple, easy-to-follow eating tips to lose fat without the tediousness of having to count calories. She said that while counting calories ensures more accuracy in knowing if you're reaching your calorie goal, calorie counting isn't for everyone. Here's how you can still shed body fat "without meticulously counting every calorie."
Listen to your mum - dieting is faddish. Instead, improve the "quite" to "all" healthy and eat only nutritionally balanced, healthy foods. Cut out all sweets and junk foods, apart from an occasional treat, as humans would have always done till recent times. The exercise is important, and include plenty of stealth exercise, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator and cycling to the shops instead of driving, etc.
Who wrote this no Arthur or Scientific Studys shown. Just a bunch of bro science. Fasted cardio is fine if your doing Low Intensity Steady State Cardio. If your using l-carnitine to transport fat and other fat burners they will be more effective on empty stomach. Ya if your doing HIIT cardio on empty stomach it needs quick energy which will pull aminos instead fat which take longer to get.
On the face of it, skipping meals seems like a path to losing weight — if you don’t eat as much, you’ll drop fat. But in practise, it doesn’t work out like that. A 2015 study from Ohio State University found that skipping meals messes up your metabolism and your hormones (specifically insulin), which results in an increased likelihood of abdominal weight gain. Researchers recommended eating several small meals throughout the day as opposed to one or two big ones.
We often make the wrong trade-offs. Many of us make the mistake of swapping fat for the empty calories of sugar and refined carbohydrates. Instead of eating whole-fat yoghurt, for example, we eat low- or no-fat versions that are packed with sugar to make up for the loss of taste. Or we swap our fatty breakfast bacon for a muffin or donut that causes rapid spikes in blood sugar.
We don’t always eat simply to satisfy hunger. All too often, we turn to food when we’re stressed or anxious, which can wreck any diet and pack on the pounds. Do you eat when you’re worried, bored, or lonely? Do you snack in front of the TV at the end of a stressful day? Recognizing your emotional eating triggers can make all the difference in your weight-loss efforts. If you eat when you’re:
Those trans fats on your menu are hiding out in plain sight and sabotaging your lean belly plans every time you eat them. If a food product says it contains partially hydrogenated oils, you’re eating trans fat, which can increase your risk of heart disease, high cholesterol, and obesity with every bite. In fact, research conducted at Wake Forest University reveals that monkeys whose diets contained eight percent trans fat upped their body fat by 7.2 percent over a six-year study, while those who ate monounsaturated fat gained just a fraction of that amount. Instead of letting harmful trans fat take up space on your menu, fill up with the 20 Healthy Fats to Make You Thin.
No. That’s not what I’m saying. Cardio isn’t bad – quite the opposite. Everyone should do some form of cardio; swimming, walking, running, hiking, playing a sport – whatever. The point I’m trying to impress upon you is that most people resort to ‘cardio’ when trying to lose fat but it’s of the least importance when changing your body composition is the goal.
If you're among the 30% of Americans who sleep less than six hours a night, here's one simple way to whittle your waistline: catch more Zs. A 16-year study of almost 70,000 women found that those who slept five hours or less a night were 30% more likely to gain 30 or more pounds than those who slept 7 hours. The National Institutes of Health suggest adults sleep seven to eight hours a night.
To prep his patients for success, Dr. Seltzer tells them to plan around a large evening meal by eating a lighter breakfast and lunch—NBD since most people who eat a meal before bed tend to wake up feeling relatively full, he says. Research suggests balanced bedtime meals may also promote steady next-day blood sugar levels, which also helps with appetite regulation.
Stand in front of the bar, shins touching metal, feet roughly shoulder-width apart. Squat down and grab the bar overhand, hands slightly wider than shoulder width and elbows straight. Draw your shoulders back, push your chest out, and tense your lats. Taking a deep breath, begin standing up, pushing heels into the ground and pulling your chest up. Keep the bar as close to your legs as possible. As soon as the bar passes your knees, push your hips forward with power, ending standing tall and straight with the bar in front of your groin. Slowly reverse the motion, making sure to keep your abs braced, and lower the bar to the floor.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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A guide to setting up the UnifiedTransform project on Windows 10 without Docker, in 2021.
Prerequisites
Be sure to have php, composer and mariadb, setup on your computer.
Installing php 7.3 on Windows (ref: Jeff Geerling’s Blog)
1. Download PHP for Windows. I got the zipped 7.3 VC15 x64 Non Thread Safe version.
2. Expand the zip file into the path C:\PHP7
without restarting in PowerShell
Whenever you add a folder to the PATH environment variable, you need to restart your shell environment to gain access to it.
Or do you?
refreshenv
By typing refreshenv, you could force PowerShell to get the latest environment variables, and continue your work!
Enjoy!
A guide to setting up the UnifiedTransform project without Docker.
Prerequisite
Be sure to have php, composer and mariadb setup on your computer
Steps
1. Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/changeweb/Unifiedtransform
2. Create .env file from .env.example
3. composer install
4. Generate APP_KEY using php artisan key:generate
5. Edit the database connection configuration in .env file
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=unifiedtransform
DB_USERNAME=unified
DB_PASSWORD=secret
Be sure to have created a database in your mysql called unifiedtransform, and use a DB_USER that exists, has privileges, and has an appropriate DB_PASSWORD.
How to spot phishing attacks
TL;DR; Stay woke! Always be suspicious, especially of things too good to be true.
Like every parent, my Mum cares a lot for us, and she’s always looking out for our progress. So this morning, she sent me this:
At first glance I was like whoa! The USA is opening its doors like that?
Then I saw the email address, and became suspicious. I then visited americaimmigration.us and saw this:
What we learnt before, during and after
On Thursday, July 30th, 2020, we created the twitter account for FindTreasure.app, and made its first tweet:
What followed was an interesting 24 hour journey of making sure the game was a success.
If you’re not familiar with how FindTreasure.app works, I suggest you check it out, and play the Test game at least before continuing.
During this time, we learnt a few things about User Behavior and Developer mistakes we think are worth sharing.
1. Every loop hole will be exploited
While building, we considered that a Contestant can create multiple accounts, and run parallel instances of their script, with different JWTs obtained when creating…
Dell XPS 15
I got a Dell XPS 15 Laptop recently. It is a thing of beauty, except when the Touchpad just stops responding, and only click-and-drag mode seems to work, so I have to restart the Computer to get it working again.
Fix — Using Device Manager
Restarting every time is a terrible solution, so I began to check what else I could do to fix this.
I found that disabling and enabling the “HID-compliant Touch Pad” device in Device Manager, fixed the problem every time.
Let’s play a speculation game.
Imagine you’re tasked to scale a tailor shop to provide same-day sewing and pickup of any dress.
How would you do it?
Note: It should support Owambe dresses with the most custom fittings.
It’s a compound problem, made up of some really complex problems people have been solving for decades.
Problems like
• Supply MGMT
• Maintenance
• Employee MGMT
• Assembly Line Design and MGMT
• Generic Representation of Garments for sewing
• Fitting
Should be fun.
I’m incredibly naive about sewing, and most of the above topics, so feel free to not take me seriously.
Our Goal
The goal is clearly…
I remember the way her voice rang out when she was excited.
I loved how excited she got when talking about the things she was passionate about.
Music.
She visited a few days after Olowo Gbogboro came out, and it was all she could talk about. Apparently, she’d stayed up until it came out, and she wrote about it on her blog asap, a post which got a then astonishing number of views in a short period.
Social Media.
Her Facebook was always bubbling with activity. She was quirky, fun, and could have serious conversations on a broad range of topics.
Non-mainstream movies.
Christianity.
Esther was…
The Romans had a deity called Janus, a two-headed figure who could look into the future and the past at the same time. He was the god of door-ways and decision-making, and it is for him, that the month of January gets its name.
I’m at a point in my life, where I find myself almost a spectator of my own history. I think I’ve always sucked at making big decisions. I either try to delay it till I can’t anymore, or choose an option with a decision making process that may as well be rolling a die.
I feel…
Especially in dotnet core 3.0
1. Computed Columns do not work with Sqlite
It used to be that EF Core would ignore computed columns, but in dotnet core 3.0, I have to conditionally add my computed columns to the model builder.
if (!Database.IsSqlite())
{
builder.Entity<Person>()
.Property(bl => bl.Age)
.HasComputedColumnSql(...);
}
2. Use Database.EnsureCreatedAsync(…) for MsSQL and Sqlite
For performing a DB Migration at runtime, I used to think EnsureCreated(…) and its async EnsureCreatedAsync(…) counterpart would only create the database if it does not exist. However, it will actually perform a migration, if the database did not previously exist, and do absolutely nothing if the DB exists already.
I also noticed it does not work well with MySql via Pomelo, which…
Ikechi Michael
I’ve learned I don’t know anything. I've also learned that people will pay for what I know. Maybe that's why they never pay.
Get the Medium app
A button that says 'Download on the App Store', and if clicked it will lead you to the iOS App store
A button that says 'Get it on, Google Play', and if clicked it will lead you to the Google Play store
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Talk:No Bra (band)
Untitled
re "no indication of notability unreferenced, only relevant google hits is the artist's MySpace page"
There are a lot of references online which are available to substantiate this article and are being added. Because of the name of the band you need to be considerate when google searching that you dont confuse it with the over abundance of porn and manga sites under the same name.
* Refs 1-3, 6 are trivial mentions and refs 4 and 5 don't discuss the band at all, only a single song by then that is barely famous let alone notable.--TParis00ap (talk) 15:39, 27 October 2009 (UTC)
have added references from trust worthy sites such as guardian.co.uk and pitchfork.com Doburugan (talk) 14:45, 2 November 2009 (UTC)
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WIKI
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2002 Morocco Cup
The 2002 Morocco Cup was a three-team cricket tournament which took place in Tangier, Morocco during August 2002. The tournament was the first occasion on which the highest level of international cricket had been played in North Africa. Pakistan, South Africa and Sri Lanka competed in the competition, which was funded by Abdul Rahman Bukhatir, a wealthy business man from the United Arab Emirates. Sri Lanka beat South Africa in the final to scoop the $250,000 prize money.
The tournament, in addition to attracting TV audiences to Bukhatir's TEN Sports channel, promoted cricket in North Africa. All of the matches were played at the National Cricket Stadium in Tangier, a purpose built ground which cost $4 million, most of which was spent on the grandstand. The organisers of the competition were so keen to avoid any accusations of match-fixing that they installed closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras in the team dressing rooms.
During the group stage, Pakistan won only once; beating Sri Lanka in the second match of the tournament. Sri Lanka beat Pakistan in their other match, and defeated South Africa in both the side's group contests to finish top of the table. South Africa won both their matches against Pakistan to qualify for the final. In the final, Sri Lanka beat South Africa by 27 runs, led by a run-a-ball score of 71 from their captain Sanath Jayasuriya, and two wickets from each of Chaminda Vaas, Pulasthi Gunaratne and Muttiah Muralitharan.
Jayasuriya finished the tournament as the leading run-scorer, aggregating 299 runs from his five appearances at an average of 59.80. Each of the top-three run-scorers were Sri Lankan; the highest Pakistani batsman was Mohammad Yousuf whose 153 runs placed him fourth, while South African Jacques Kallis was fifth with 141 runs. In contrast, Waqar Younis of Pakistan took the most wickets, 11, followed by a pair of South Africans – Allan Donald and Lance Klusener, who took 10 and 9 respectively. Upul Chandana and Pulasthi Gunaratne were the leading Sri Lankans, claiming 8 wickets apiece.
Table
Key: Pld = Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, Pts = Points, NRR = Net run rate. Notes:
Teams marked progressed to the final of the competition.
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WIKI
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User:MrNakadif
I am MrNakadif, officially known as Schofield Felix Amankona Diawuo, a Ghana born-and-based Wikipedian. I am interested in radio, music, football, computer games, InfoTech, and more.
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WIKI
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Haglund's deformity is a condition affecting the foot. It also is known as 'pump bump' because rigid pump footwear is often the culprit. Women are much more prone to the condition than men due to their choice of footwear. Another name for the condition is retrocalcaneal bursitis. The combination of tendonitis of the Achilles' tendon and bursitis of the underlying bursa combine to define Haglund's deformity.
The largest bone in the human foot is the heelbone (calcaneus). This is the bone to which is anchored the Achilles' tendon. Between the calcaneus and the tendon lie bursa, which are lubricated sacs which allow for free movement of tendon against bone or other tissue.
The problem arises due to the structure of the calcaneus. As with other physical features, not all heelbones are created the same. Some possess a more prominent bump below the tendon attachment point than others. Those with larger projections are more prone to experience pressure between the bump and their footwear. This pressure creates inflammation and pain as well as a thickening of the tissues affected, which serves to further exacerbate the condition.
The symptoms of Haglund's deformity are inflammation, swelling of the underlying tissue where the shoe creates pressure, and development of a callus which may become quite thick. The bursa become swollen and inflamed as well, creating bursitis. The Achilles' tendon becomes inflamed with tendonitis. The condition is not debilitating as far as function of the foot except for the pain experienced during walking.
Diagnosis of the condition is usually quite simple, the prominent bump of the heelbone exhibiting the cause. X-ray of the site further defines the condition and helps eliminate other conditions which could cause similar symptoms.
Treatment falls under two types, surgical and non-surgical. Non-surgical treatment includes elimination of the pressure by footwear. Changing to shoes which do not put pressure on the calcaneus will usually decrease tenderness and swelling, returning the foot to almost previous condition. Sometimes padding is used to cushion the affected area, thereby removing pressure. Ice may be used to reduce swelling. Anti-inflammatory medication may be helpful in reducing swelling and tenderness. Various types of shoe modification may be utilized. Heel lifts help those with high arches. Other orthotic devices may be helpful in that they can control the way pressure is applied to the foot during walking. Those with very tight Achilles' tendons may benefit from exercises which increase flexibility. Tight tendons increase the pressure upon the bursa between the tendon and bone, therefore stretching exercises will sometimes alleviate excessive pressure.
Surgical treatment may include removing a portion of the calcaneus or reshaping it. A small incision is made on the heel and appropriate removal/shaping is performed.
Another technique used is to actually shorten the calcaneus by removing a section or wedge from it. This is known as a wedge osteotomy. After surgery the site is closed with stitches and the foot may be immobilized with a cast or bandages. Stitches may be removed in from 10-14 days. Restricted use should be exercised for up to 6 weeks to allow healing and give the tissues time to reduce swelling and inflammation. Often physical therapies such as soft tissue massage and untrasound are used to aid in pain and speed return to functionality.
Sources:
http://www.orthogate.org/patient-education/foot/haglunds-deformity-of-the-foot.html
http://www.footphysicians.com/footankleinfo/haglunds-deformity.htm
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Talk:Cook–Craigie plan
Initial editing work
I have to agree thoroughly with the need to improve this article. I have made some changes to that end, though I believe that still more could be done, so I have left the box in place for now. I have not been able to add anything to the original author's content, so perhaps another contributor would be able to expand the article further. I have added citation requests where I believe they are most necessary. I also think that the last sentence of the first paragraph in particular would benefit from a few specific examples; it is far too vague.
I have removed some content, as follows:
"When the changes settle down, a set of construction jigs are built and laid out on the factory floor, used to hold the various parts together while the aircraft is being built." - Taken from the second paragraph. The tone is not appropriate, but it may still be relevant to the article and worth keeping if it could be improved and expanded upon.
"...often long after the original designs were drawn up." - taken from the end of paragraph two. I think this is a vague statement, and probably stating the obvious when discussing post-war military avaiation development. Again, could be improved and re-added.
"Unfortunately the design was later cancelled, largely for economic and political reasons." - Taken from the reference to the aborted Avro Arrow. Seems to weaken the argument in favour of this development method.
Which brings me to my final comment. I this article does nothing, as it stands, to satisfactorily assess the significance of the Cook-Craigie system, as it fails to present clear arguments for and against beyond a very brief mention of the risks inherent in the development. There is certainly scope for expansion.
If anyone can do more to improve this article, feel free to edit my edits! -- Adrian M. H. 23:52, 16 November 2006 (UTC)
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WIKI
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Page:Jewish Encyclopedia Volume 2.pdf/30
xx LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN
VOLUME
II
PAGE Beer, Michael,
634 635
German Poet
Peter, Austrian Writer on Jewish Sects
637
Beer-sheba, Wells of
Abraham ben Shalom, Rabbi
Belais,
652
of Tunis
653
American Playwright Belmonte Arms of the Family " Bemoza'e," Music of Ben-Ze'eb, Judah Lob, Jewish Grammarian and Lexicographer Benamozegh, Elijah, Italian Rabbi Beni-Hassan (Beard "of a Semite of the Upper Class), from the Tombs of the Berlin, Baruch Auerbach Orphan Asylum at Bible, Fragment of Aquila's Greek Translation of II Kings xxiii. 15-19 Belasco, David,
665
671
682 684 612 299 plate facing
Don Luis de Guzman His Castilian Translation Black Obelisk, Beard of Jewish Envoy from the Bowl, Magic, with Hebrew Inscriptions, Found Among the Ruins of Babylon Bread: see Baker; Baking. Moses. Arragel Presenting to
Cambridge, England:
612
402
Fitzwilliam Museum.
see
107, 108, 140
Candlestick, Golden, Representation of, on Glass Fragments
Caricature
Cemetery
see
see
Badge.
Atonement, Day of Barcelona. Bar Mizwah.
Ceremonial see Atonement, Day of Coat of Arms of the Belmonte Family
34 139
of the
665
Apamea Archelaus Aristobulus, Judas Bar Kokba Simon Maccabeus. Confirmation see Bar Mizwaii. Costume see Badge Hats. Coins
see
"
Ark
Covenant,
103
After Calmet
of the."
Darius, Body-Guard of
Day
of
Atonement
see
86
Atonement, Day
op.
Company of Egyptian Archers Arms of Astarte
Deir el-Bahaii,
Dove
in the
Representation
Egypt:
see
of,
85
at
240
on a Glass Fragment in the Museo Borgiano
at
Rome
IO7
Archers; Army; Baker; Baking; Balance; Baskets; Beard; Rameses
II.
Sphynx.
Elishegib bat Elishama, Seal Bearing Inscription of
England: see Cambridge; London. Esdud, Modern Ashdod, View of Ethnology see Ashkelon, Inhabitants op Ancient
140
178
Asiikelon, Siege of
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, England, Designed by George Basevi Forest: Assyrian Soldiers on a March Through a Wooded Region Foundation-Stone of the Proposed City of Ararat Near Niagara France: see Avignon; Bayonne.
Georgia
Synagogue
at
Beard. 572 121
,
74
Augusta
311
Ark of the Law of the Synagogue Graves see Atonement, Day op. Gibraltar,
109
at
Hats Worn by Jews see also
in the
Middle Ages
425
Badge.
Hebrew: see Inscriptions; Script. Herod Archelaus, Copper Coin of " Hobot ha-Lebabot," Page from Editio Princeps Holland see Amsterdam.
78 of Bahya's
449 v
Idumaea
see
Petra.
Imprint of Joseph Athias Inquisition
see
Auto da
Hebrew: Modena.
Inscriptions,
Italy
see
see
268 Fe.
Bowl
Coins; Seal.
Jerusalem: see Aqueducts; Beard; Robinson's Arch. "Jew Mount": see Mon.iuich.
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WIKI
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Items tagged with order
Feed
Hi everyone
I am stuck in my code. I have a multivariate polynomial and I am trying to define an order on the variables such that I can write my polynomials in a desired normal form. I tried with the Groebner package but that's quite different from what I want.
I want to define the order on the variables as u[i]=v[i] and u[i]<u[i+1].
Lets say my polynomial is f then,
input f= u[1]^2+u[2]+v[3]
output f = v[3]+u[2]+u[1]^2.
If there is a clash between u and v then, either of them can come first, for example,
input f= u[1]^2+u[2]+v[3]+u[3]^2
output f=v[3]+u[3]^2+u[2]+u[1]^2 or f=u[3]^2+v[3]+u[2]+u[1]^2
I hope my question is clear. Thank you for helping me out. Your time is much appreciated :)
Hi
We solve the following ode in the interval (0,Pi):
diff(u(x),x,x)+u(x)=f(x);
bcs=u(0)=0, u(Pi)=0;
Stating one example of many conditions for such equation to have a
valid solution
Many thanks
Hello people in mapleprimes,
I have a question.
I appended two pictures where from the same code, two different orders of
expression appear.
How can I do for this so as not to get error messages?
The cause of this is simplify(%,symbolic) brings different order of term a__0^(-k)*F__D ahead of a parenthesis in a jpg.file and F__D*a__0^(-k) after
that parenthesis in another jpg.fine both in the line above that of "dairihensu1."
In this case, What I can do?
Please help me.
Best wishes.
taro
my_code.mw
Original code is
e7_4:=F__D*(Omega+1)*beta/(beta-1) = F__I*a__D^(-k)*a__0^k+T^((sigma-k-1)/(-1+sigma))*F__D*phi^(k/(-1+sigma))+F__D;
a1:=beta=k/(sigma-1);
subs_free:=
proc(a,b,c)
local b1;
b1:=isolate(b,c);
subs(b1,a);
end proc;
isolate(e7_4,a__D^(-k));simplify(%,symbolic);dairihensu1:=subs_free(%,a1,sigma);e7_5:=applyop(simplify,[2,4,1,3,2],dairihensu1);
A case without error.
A case with a error.
I wonder if there is any way to sort expressions like
to
also:
how to sort to
Hello,
I would like to know how to order a sequence of number from smallest to largest. This is if I have both real and imaginary numbers. Any help would be rgeatly appreciated! Thank you in advance.
Kind regards,
Gamiba Man
I'm displaying two plots - one a line and one a series of points. The idea is that I'm showing a fit curve onto a set of experimental data. I want the dots, which are fairly fat, to sit on top of the line. But whichever order I display the two plots in, the line is sitting on top of the dots. This looks wrong. Does anyone know how to put it right?
with(Groebner):
T := lexdeg([x,y,z],[e1,e2]);
intermsof1 := y;
intermsof2 := -z;
GB := Basis([e1-intermsof1, e2-intermsof2], 'tord',T);
result := NormalForm(y^2-x*z, GB,'tord', T);
result := NormalForm(y^2-x*z, GB, T);
originally Basis do not have error when without parameter 'tord'
after it has argument error, it has to be added extra parameter tord
NormalForm has the same error too.
i do not understand why it has error, how to solve?
i just want to express y^2-x*z in terms of y and -z
In this section, we will consider several linear dynamical systems in which each mathematical model is a differential equation of second order with constant coefficients with initial conditions specifi ed in a time that we take as t = t0.
All in maple.
Vibraciones.mw
(in spanish)
Atte.
L.AraujoC.
****** My question *****
for k from 0 to n do # n is any integer.
func := f(x): # func is any funciton of x.
D := diff(func, x$k); # The maple don't allow to uses k but I want to diff k-th order in each k-loop.
end do; # How to diff func for k-th times in each k-loop.
I have several plots and I'm using the display procedure,
display(seq(p1[i], i = 1..3), pts1, pts2);
to draw them. I want them to be displayed in the specified order, i.e., pts1 and pts2 should be in the foreground. Unfortunately, the display procedure ignores the order. How to enforce the specified order?
Dear people in Mapleprimes,
I have a question about the ordering of monomials in a polynomial.
I hope you will help me understand how Maple works about it.
I inputed the polynomial as is written in black below.
Then, the outcome was blue, which ordering I could understand well: total degree ordering where at first
those who have the order of 6 are collected which are 14 x^3*y^3, 6x*y^5, and then the following was those which
have the order of 5: 21*x^5, -35 x^4*y, 9*x^3*y^2,-15*x^2*y^3, ... and so on.
And, among those who have the same order, lexical ordering was done, that is among 14 x^3*y^3, 6x*y^5, one which
came first was the one with the larger degree about x, and among 21*x^5, -35 x^4*y, 9*x^3*y^2,-15*x^2*y^3,
the first was 21*x^5, the second was -35*x^4*y, and so one, which was the ordering following the exponent about x.
And, then, I calculated Factor(polynomial) mod 7, which meaning I know.
Then, the result was 2*(x*y+2)*(3*y^3+x^2+3x*y)y.
I can understand the ordering among x*y and 2 in x*y+2, and that among 3y^3, x^2 and 3x*y in 3y^3+x^2*3x*y.
But, I can't understand why (x*y+2) comes at the first term, with 3 y^3+x^2+3x*y following it, and with y coming last.
This might be a trivial question. But, I hope you will teach me about this.
Best wishes.
taro
polynomial := 14*x^3*y^3+6*x*y^5+21*x^5-35*x^4*y+9*x^3*y^2-15*x^2*y^3+12*y^4+18*x^2*y-30*x*y^2
14*x^3*y^3+6*x*y^5+21*x^5-35*x^4*y+9*x^3*y^2-15*x^2*y^3+12*y^4+18*x^2*y-30*x*y^2
(1)
`mod`(Factor(polynomial), 7)
2*(x*y+2)*(3*y^3+x^2+3*x*y)*y
(2)
NULL
``
Download heck_mod.mw
Given expr:=sin(n*x); and say I want to find its value at n=1,x=Pi/2, I found I can do
subs({n=1,x=Pi/2},expr); eval(%);
or combine into one
eval(subs({n=1,x=Pi/2},expr); ----(1)
But also one can write
eval(expr,{n=1,x=Pi/2}); ----- (2)
So if someone wants to just find value of expression as above, it seems (2) is much simpler than (1) since no need to call subs, it is done automatically. Is there anything else I am overlooking?
Only problem I see in the above, is that subs() uses different order: subs({},expr), while eval is: eval(expr,{}); The other way around.
It would have been better if the order was the same in the API, to reduce confusion.
Hi every body:
i have a second order ode and will convert to two ode of first order with maple,how do this work???
eq := diff(y(x), x, x)+2*y(x)+y(x)^2 = 0
Hi there,
I'd like to solve 7th order implicit simultaneous equation such as below, so I tried to do it by solve command.
However the calculation wasn't over although three hours passed.
eq1 := f1(a,b,c,d,e,f,g) = 0;
eq2 := f2(a,b,c,d,e,f,g) = 0;
.
.
.
eq7 := f7(a,b,c,d,e,f,g) = 0;
Just for your information, the eq1 and eq6 are written as follows specifically.
eq1 := -a-b-c-d-e-f-g+0.501857 = 0
eq6 := a*b*c*d*e*f+a*b*c*d*e*g+a*b*c*d*f*g+a*b*c*e*f*g+a*b*d*e*f*g+a*c*d*e*f*g+b*c*d*e*f*g+a*b*c*d*e+a*b*c*d*f+a*b*c*d*g+a*b*c*e*f+a*b*c*e*g+a*b*c*f*g+a*b*d*e*f+a*b*d*e*g+a*b*d*f*g+a*b*e*f*g+a*c*d*e*f+a*c*d*e*g+a*c*d*f*g+a*c*e*f*g+a*d*e*f*g+b*c*d*e*f+b*c*d*e*g+b*c*d*f*g+b*c*e*f*g+b*d*e*f*g+c*d*e*f*g-0.5281141885e-3+1.01894577*10^(-12)*I = 0
And the program code I used is:
solve([eq1,eq2,eq3,eq4,eq5,eq6,eq7],[a,b,c,d,e,f,g]);
Here is the specification of my computer.
OS: Windows 7 Enterprise 64bit
CPU: Intel Core i7-3520M 2.90 GHz
Memory: 4.00 GB
How can I handle this problem? Is the specification not enough to solve the equation? Do I need to leave my computer more and more time?
Any help would be appriciated.
I have question about how to write the expression to get the order in the sequence?
For exmple, if I have this sequence,
E:=[0,2,7,15,26,40]
I want to write a procedure that tells me the location of any input,x in the sequence E.
For example, if I choose x:=3, then the number 3 is actually between 2 and 7, so it will give me the answer C(x)=3 (because 7 is the third elemet).
I try to write the procedure but there always wrong! I do not know what expression should I write!
C:=proc(x)
local
for i from 1 to nops(E) do
if x<=E[i] then
c:=E[i]
fi;od;
end;
Please help!
1 2 3 Page 1 of 3
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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User:Dr. Runyon
Dr. Runyon is a alias for Damon Runyon. Along with El Toro and is half of the nictorious Backroad Bandits.
Damon Runyon went to Oakland County Jail for the first time on April 13th 2006. Reason being Damon Runyon violated probation, Runyon was on probation for possesion of marijuana which occured in the parking lot of DTE Energy Music Theater in August of 2005. Runyon was drinking when security guards came up to the van he and his friends were standing by. Runyon being underage ran from the guards only to get lost in the parking lot.
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WIKI
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Benefits Of Using Find () In Entity Framework Core
Introduction
In this blog you will learn when to use DbSet Find () method and what are benefits of using Find () in Entity framework core.
Find()
Consider the scenario where you need to get a particular object, in my case it is a user object based on the id parameter. In this case I noticed most developers will try to use the FirstorDefault() LINQ method to fetch the user based on id as in the statement given below.
1. var userLinq = context.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Id == 2);
In this case instead of using FirstOrDefault() we should use DbSet method Find() when filtering the entity using the key.
1. var userFind = context.Users.Find(2)
Benefits of using Find()
• It’s a DbSet method
• Executes immediately
If the key is already in memory and being tracked by the context, it avoids unnecessary database queries and returns the object which is already in tracking.
1. var userLinq = context.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Id == 2);
2. Console.WriteLine(userLinq.Name);
3. var userLinq1 = context.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Id == 2);
4. Console.WriteLine(userLinq1.Name);
From the above figure you can notice that the top select query is generated two times based on the code written using LINQ.
1. var userFind = context.Users.Find(2);
2. Console.WriteLine(userFind.Name);
3. var userFind1 = context.Users.Find(2);
4. Console.WriteLine(userFind1.Name);
From the above figure you can notice the Top select query is generated with parameter only once, even though the Find() is called two times with the same key in the code. That’s because the second time it returns the object which is already in tracking by context. If nothing is under tracking in context it will generate the new command.
Summary
We saw how the DbSet Find() method is used to optimize the querying in Entity Framework Core.
I hope you have enjoyed this blog. Your valuable feedback, questions, or comments about this blog are always welcomed.
Anjali Punjab
Anjali Punjab is a freelance writer, blogger, and ghostwriter who develops high-quality content for businesses. She is also a HubSpot Inbound Marketing Certified and Google Analytics Qualified Professional.
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 123.djvu/2522
123STA T . 2 50 2 PUBLIC LA W 111 –84—O CT. 28 , 200 9unio n part i c ipation ri gh t s, an d th e procedures and processes used to en f orce e m p l o y ee rights and ‘ ‘ (C) a program under w hich e x perienced super v isors mentor new supervisors b y — ‘‘(i) sharing k nowledge and advice in areas such as communication, critical thinking, responsibility, flexibility, motivating employees, teamwork, leadership, and profes - sional development; and ‘‘(ii) pointing out strengths and areas for development . ‘‘( 2 ) E ach supervisor shall be re q uired to complete a program at least once every 3 years. ’ ’. (e) REPORTS .— T he S ecretary of D efense shall provide a report to the covered committees (as defined by subsection (g)( 6 ))— ( 1 ) no later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this A ct, on the initial steps being taken to reclassify posi- tions from the N S P S and the initial conversion plan to begin converting employees from the NSPS, which information shall be supplemented by reports describing the progress of the conversion process which shall be submitted to the same committees on a semiannual basis; (2) no later than 12 months after date of enactment, a plan for the personnel management system as authori z ed by section 9 9 0 2(a) of title 5, U nited States Code, as amended by this section, which plan shall not take effect until 90 days after the submission of the plan to Congress; and (3) no later than 12 months after date of enactment, a plan for the appointment procedures as authorized by section 9902(b) of title 5, United States Code, as amended by this section. (f) C L ER ICA LA M E ND MENTS.— (1) The heading of section 9902 of title 5, United States Code, is amended to read as follows
‘ §9 9 02.Departm e n t of Defen s e personne l a u t h or i ties ’ ’. (2) The table of sections at the beginning of chapter 99 of such title is amended by striking the item relating to section 9902 and inserting the following: ‘ ‘ 9 9 02.Departm e n t of Defen s e personne l a u t h or i ties. ’ ’. (g) O T H ER PERSONNEL F LE X I B ILITIES.— (1) I N G ENERAL.—If the Secretary of Defense determines that it would be in the best interest of the Department of Defense to implement personnel flexibilities in addition to those authorized under section 9902 of title 5, as amended by this section, the Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the Office of Personnel M anagement, may develop and submit to the covered committees, not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, a proposal to implement— (A) additional personnel flexibilities and associated statutory waivers with respect to the application of the G eneral Schedule (as defined in section 5332 of title 5, United States Code); or ( B ) additional personnel flexibilities and associated statutory waivers, which would require exemption from the application of the General Schedule (as so defined). (2) RATIONALE.—If the Secretary’s proposal is to implement authorities described in paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary shall Det e rmina ti o n . Dea dl ine. P ro p o s al. Ef fe c ti v e date. Plans. Deadline.
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WIKI
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Canoeing at the 2018 Mediterranean Games – Men's K-1 200 metres
The men's canoe sprint K-1 200 metres at the 2018 Mediterranean Games in Tarragona took place between 23 and 24 June at the Canal Olímpic de Catalunya.
Schedule
All times are Spain time (UTC+02:00)
Final
QF=Qualified for final, QS=Qualified for semifinal
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WIKI
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Basic Process
1. Import the file SimpleJSON.cs to /Assets/PlugIns/SimpleJSON
2. Create AC Camera and an ImageTarget in the scene.
3. On the ImageTarget, click Add Component to add a new Script file named GET_Request.cs, which imports the JSON data file and adds object array to the ImageTarget.
4. Create different Prefebs and just drag them from Assets to the ImageTarget’s Element array. The prefeb itself in the scene can be deleted.
5. Based on what’s in the Element, and the JSON data (weatherType == “Clear”) , the scene shows different:
Further steps
My question: I created 3 ImageTargets, but their Elements’ Array always came out together. I can’t fix the problem…
So this video just showing the texts that getting from online JSON data.
Below are the problems I’ve encountered and my solutions:
1.Text UI Object：Font Size Cannot Go Over 28
Solution
2.Hide UI object when ImageTarget is not detected.
Key process:
1.Create C# file named:MyTrackableEventHandler
2.In the C# file: add using Vuforia
3. In the C# file: add public class MyTrackableEventHandler : MonoBehaviour,
ITrackableEventHandler
4. In the C# file: copy the code from DefaultTrackableEventHandler.cs
5.In the C# file: add public GameObject UI; UI.SetActive (true); UI.SetActive (false);
6.Drag the C# file to the ImageTarget.
Target Image
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ESSENTIALAI-STEM
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Subsets and Splits
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