Document
stringlengths 87
1.67M
| Source
stringclasses 5
values |
|---|---|
User:Iune/Prema
Severe Tropical Cyclone Prema (JTWC Designation 23P, more commonly known as Cyclone Prema) was among the worst tropical cyclones to hit Vanuatu since 1988's Cyclone Uma. The twenty-third storm of the season, Prema formed early on March 26, 1993 as a weak tropical depression.
Meteorological history
On March 25, the Fiji Meteorological Service's Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre in Nadi, Fiji (TCWC Nadi) reported that a tropical depression had developed within a monsoon trough to the west of the Fijian dependency of Rotuma. During that day the depression moved towards the northwest, before it turned and started to move towards the southwest during March 26 as it gradually developed further. During March 27, both TCWC Nadi and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center reported that the depression had developed into a tropical cyclone with Nadi naming it as Prema.
|
WIKI
|
The largest and densest organism in the world is thought to be Pando (aka the Trembling Giant). Pando appears to visitors to be just another patch of aspen forest but is actually a clonal colony of an individual male quaking aspen - a single living organism. It is assumed to have one massive underground root system and to be among the oldest organisms in the world.
Its root system is also believed to be thousands of years old - which would also make it one of the oldest living organisms on the planet. The tallest trees in the world are in California, and everyone should see these impressive sequoias before they disappear to forest fires. The oldest (nonclonal) trees in the world are thought to be the groves of ancient bristlecone pines in the Great Basin National Park.
THETRAVEL VIDEO OF THE DAY
The Size Of Pando
Pando is Latin for "I spread" and is also known as "the trembling giant". It takes up an area of 108 acres (or 43.6 hectares) and is thought to weigh around 6,000 tons in total (making it the heaviest known organism in the world).
It is thought to be the largest organism by mass but not distance. Oregon's "humongous fungus" spans an even greater distance. It is made of over 40,000 individual trees.
All of its 40,000 trees (47,000 by some estimates) are genetically identical quaking aspen trees, and all stem from a single root system.
• Individual Trees: Has Over 40,000 Individual Trees
• Location: Fishlake National Forest in South Central Utah
• Size: 108 Acres or 43.6 Hectares
Related: How You Can Visit The Giant Sequoias Of Yosemite National Park
The Age of Pando
Pando originated from a single seed thousands of years ago and spread by sending out new shoots from its expanding root system. According to the U.S. Forest Service:
"The exact age of the clone and its root system is difficult to calculate, but it is estimated to have started at the end of the last ice age. Some of the trees are over 130 years old. It was first recognized by researchers in the 1970s and more recently proven by geneticists."
According to the National Park Service, it may be as much as 80,000 years old. Through cloning themselves, aspens can live for a very long time - although it is much more common for them to be "only" 5,000 to 10,000 years old (which is still enough to make them older than the Sequoias and even Bristlecone Pines.
• Age: From The End of The Last Ice Age Or Up To 80 Years Old
• Oldest Living Thing: May Be The Fungal Mats In Oregan And Creosote Bushes in The Desert Southwest
Determining the age is difficult and current research on fungal mats in Oregon and Creosote Bushes in the Desert Southwest may rival aspen for the title of "Oldest-known Living Thing."
Related: Where To Visit California's Stunning Coastal Redwoods, And What To Expect There
Threats And Current Decline
Worryingly, Pando is showing signs of decline and specialists have become concerned about the wellbeing of the organism. The driving factors are thought to be a lack of regeneration as well as insects and disease.
The lack of regeneration is thought to be due to overgrazing by deer. While the insects like bark beetles and diseases like root rot and cankers have been taking a toll on the overstory trees, weakening and killing them.
Threats:
• Lack of Regeneration: Driven By Overgrazings
• Insects and Diseases: Weakening and Killing The Overstory Trees
Troublingly there are no young or middle-aged trees at all, instead, Pando is now made up almost entirely of elderly trees.
There is a risk that Pando could become a smaller clone or even die off altogether. To see more about the restoration efforts and more information about Pando, watch the Forest Service's dedicated video.
One of the problems is that there are no long apex predators in the area due to overhunting by people. Today there are few or no wolves, mountain lions, and grizzly bears in the area that would otherwise have kept the mule deer in check. In an effort to protect Pando. Much of the area is now fenced but it seems the deer can just jump it.
Still there remains hope that Pando can be saved and many efforts and studies are being undertaken to preserve it.
Visiting Pando
Pando must be one of the few organisms in the world to have a full road running through it. One can visit it (and drive through it) on State Highway 25.
• Highway: State Highway 25
• When: The Most Popular Time Is In Fall For The Fall Colors
Since being discovered in the 1970s, Pando has rocked to world fame and many visitors flock to see Pando. The most popular season is during the fall when the leaves turn yellow and orange.
Next time traveling in Utah, consider a side trip to see the largest organism in the United States!
Next: 20 Reasons To Explore Europe’s Only Remaining Ancient Forest
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
User:MUKARAM TAHIR CHAUDHARY
Mukaram Tahir Chaudhary was born in Sargodha, Pakistan. Servicing in merchant navy foreign company. Did Mater Mariner from U.K.
|
WIKI
|
Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 4.djvu/491
Rh provocation. When wounded they immediately charge in the direction from which the fire proceeded, and on his skill in avoiding this charge the life of the hunter depends. In buffalo hunting, as in bison hunting, it is specially important “to kill with a single bullet.” The hide of the Cape Buffalo is made by the Kaffres into shields impervious to musket shot. BUFFALO, an American city, the capital of Erie County, in the State of New York, U.S., about 293 miles N.W. from New York, in 42° 53′ N. lat. and 78° 55′ W. long. It is a port at the east end of Lake Erie, at the mouth of Buffalo River, and at the head of Niagara River, which is here crossed by a fine iron railroad bridge. The city runs for about five miles along the shore of the lake and Niagara River. In population Buffalo is the third city in New York, and the eleventh in the United States. It was founded in 1801, became a military post in 1813, and was burned by the British on the last day of the year 1813. After the war, the place was rebuilt, and in 1832 it attained the rank of a city. In 1820 it contained 2095 inhabitants. After the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, its growth was rapid, the population being 8653 in 1830, 18,213 in 1840, 42,261 in 1850, 81,129 in 1860, 117,714 in 1870, and 134,238 in 1875. The city commands a fine view of the lake; the climate is pleasant and healthful; the streets, broad and generally lined with trees, are well paved, lighted, and supplied with sewers. There are many fine residences with attractive grounds, and numerous squares and public places. A combination of parks or pleasure grounds has been laid out, extending to over 500 acres. It comprises three sections, situated respectively in the northern, western, and eastern parts of the city, connected by boulevards which together afford a drive of nearly 10 miles. The most prominent public buildings are the City and County Hall, a granite structure, in the form of a double Roman cross, with a tower 245 feet high, just erected at a cost of over $2,000,000; the United States Custom House and Post Office, the State Arsenal, and the Erie County Penitentiary, which is one of the six penal establishments of New York, intermediate between the reformatories and the state prisons. A state asylum for the insane is in process of construction at North Buffalo, with a front of about 2700 feet and a capacity for 600 patients. It will be one of the largest institutions of the kind in the United States, and will cost not less than $3,000,000. The city contains 76 churches, the most imposing edifices being St Joseph's Cathedral (Roman Catholic) and St Paul's (Episcopal). The public schools comprise a central grammar school and thirty-six district schools. Four orphan-asylum schools are also maintained. One of the eight state normal schools is situated here. Among other educational institutions are Canisius College, founded by the Jesuit fathers; St Joseph's College, conducted by the Christian brothers; Martin Luther College (theological); St Mary's Academy and Industrial School for girls, and the Medical College of the University of Buffalo. The charitable institutions of the city are numerous. There are several libraries, the most important being that of the Young Men's Association, with about 30,000 volumes, and the Grosvenor Free Library, which contains about 15,000 volumes of valuable reference works. The former society has a commodious hall and library building adjoining. The Society of Natural Sciences has made an extensive collection of minerals and fossil casts, and the Buffalo Historical Society has a large library and cabinet. There are published in the city eight daily newspapers, including four in German, one tri-weekly, fourteen weeklies, four monthlies, and three quarterlies. The city is divided into thirteen wards, and is governed by a mayor and twenty-six aldermen. It has a paid fire department, with steam fire-engines and a fire-alarm telegraph, has an efficient police, and is well supplied with water from the Niagara River. The assessed value of property in 1873 was about $38,000,000. The position of Buffalo on the great water and railway channels of communication between the West and the East gives it a commercial importance surpassed by that of few other American cities. Its harbour is capacious, and is protected by extensive breakwaters. The city is the centre of an important system of railroads. Besides other lines which converge here, it is the eastern terminus of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway, of the Canada Southern, and of a branch of the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada; it is the western terminus of the Erie Canal, the New York Central Railway, and a division of the Erie Railway. There has been a large decrease in the extent of the lake commerce since 1862, owing to the increase of railroad facilities. The registered marine of the port, June 30, 1874, comprised 801 vessels of 162,789 tons, of which 533 were canal boats. The annual value of the imports from Canada is between $2,000,000 and $3,000,000; the exports are less than $500,000. Since 1870 Buffalo has been a port of foreign entry for imports, which are conveyed thither, in bond, by rail from New York, &c. The number of lake vessels that arrived in 1874 was 3720; the clearance numbered 3727; 7643 canal boats arrived, and about the same number cleared; the latter carried 1,448,172 tons of freight, valued at $46,244,875. The immense quantities of grain moving from the Western States to the seaboard constitute the most important feature of the commerce of the city. The aggregate receipts (including flour) by lake and Grand Trunk and Canada Southern Railways in 1874 were 70,030,555 bushels. The receipts during the ten years ending with 1874 amounted to 522,874,944 bushels. For receiving, storing, and transferring this vast amount of produce to canal boats and railway cars, there are thirty elevators, capable together of storing 6,875,000 bushels, and of transferring no less than 2,672,000 bushels a day. Many of these elevating warehouses are costly structures of stone, or of iron and brick. Several of them have grain “driers” attached. Live-stock and lumber from the Western States and Canada, and coal from Pennsylvania, are also leading items in commerce. In 1874, 504,594 cattle, 783,800 sheep, 1,431,800 hogs, and 21,937 horses, amounting in in value to nearly $60,000,000 passed through Buffalo. For the accommodation of this traffic, extensive and well-arranged yards have been erected at the east end of the city. The receipts of lumber by lake in 1874 amounted to 145,624,639 feet, besides about 40,000,000 shingles, and 25,000,000 staves. The imports of coal comprised 800,000 tons. The coal trade is rapidly increasing. The manufacturing interests of Buffalo are extensive, and have grown with marked rapidity in recent years. The leading establishments are blast furnaces, rolling-mills, foundries, breweries, tanneries, manufactories of agricultural implements, and flour-mills. Of the last-named there are eleven, with a yearly capacity of 839,000 barrels, the average annual production of flour being about 250,000 barrels. Wooden ship-building was formerly carried on here, but it has been superseded by iron ship-building. Two extensive establishments are devoted to this industry; these have constructed the finest lake steamers, besides supplying the Government with a number of iron revenue vessels. The number of ships built at Buffalo in 1874 was thirty-seven, but they were mostly small ones. Many canal boats are also built there. BUFFIER, (1661–1737), a writer on grammar and history of considerable note, but more remarkable for his researches in psychology and metaphysics, was born in
|
WIKI
|
Virgil Lewis TURLEY, Petitioner, v. Harold R. SWENSON, Warden, Respondent.
No. 1424.
United States District Court, W. D. Missouri, C. D.
July 24, 1970.
Lewis E. Pierce, Kansas City, Mo., for petitioner.
John C. Danforth, Atty. Gen., Gene E. Voigts, First Asst. Atty. Gen., State of Mo., Jefferson City, Mo., for respondent.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
JOHN W. OLIVER, District Judge.
I.
This ease involves petitioner’s second federal habeas corpus attack on a seven year sentence imposed on June 14, 1965 on petitioner’s plea of guilty by the Circuit Court of Jasper County, Missouri. The State trial court’s denial of petitioner’s first Rule 27.26, V.A.M.R., motion, filed January 14, 1966, was affirmed by the Supreme Court of Missouri on June 12, 1967, with Judge Seiler concurring in result and dissenting in part. See State v. Turley, (Mo.Sup.Ct., Div. 1, 1967) 416 S.W.2d 75.
Petitioner’s first federal habeas petition, Turley v. Swenson, No. 1219 (October 30, 1967 (unreported)) attempted to present two federal questions (a) denial of counsel at preliminary hearing; and (b) ineffective assistance of counsel at the time of petitioner’s arraignment, plea, and sentence.
Petitioner’s first federal habeas petition was dismissed without prejudice for the following stated reasons:
We find it unnecesary to determine at this time whether or not the denial of counsel at a preliminary hearing under Missouri procedure amounts to a denial of due process of law or equal protection of the laws. (See State v. Turley, supra, Judge Seiler’s concurring opinion.) Petitioner is in custody pursuant to a conviction based on his plea of guilty. That plea was entered with the advice of counsel, and petitioner makes no contention in this Court that it was not entered voluntarily and knowingly. A guilty plea voluntarily entered constitutes a waiver of all non-jurisdictional defects at any prior stage in the proceedings. Emmett v. Balkcom, (5th Cir., 1966) 358 F.2d 302; Engling v. Crouse, (10th Cir., 1966) 357 F.2d 267; Gallegos v. Cox, (9th Cir., 1966) 358 F.2d 703; U. S. ex rel. Pizarro v. Fay, (2nd Cir., 1965) 353 F.2d 726. We will therefore deny petitioner the relief he seeks as to the question of counsel at preliminary hearing.
As to petitioner’s second contention, the ineffective assistance of counsel, this question has clearly not been raised in the state courts. We will, therefore, dismiss that contention for failure to exhaust available state court remedies.
Thereafter, petitioner, on January 29, 1968, filed a second Rule 27.26 motion in the Circuit Court of Jasper County. The denial of that motion was affirmed by the Supreme Court of Missouri ■ on March 10, 1969, in Turley v. State, (Mo. Sup.Ct., Div. 2, 1969) 439 S.W.2d 521.
Petitioner’s second federal habeas corpus petition alleges that:
(a) Petitioner was denied effective representation of counsel during his arraignment, plea and sentencing.
(b) Petitioner was denied representation of counsel, when requested, at all proceedings from arrest throughout his preliminary examination.
(c) Petitioner’s plea of guilty was entered involuntarily, unknowingly, and was, in effect, coerced.
The parties have stipulated, and we find, that “petitioner has fully exhausted the remedies afforded him under the laws of the State of Missouri for the relief he seeks in this proceeding” (Paragraph 1 of Stipulation). After having been afforded an opportunity to adduce additional evidence, the parties also “agreed that the federal questions presented in this habeas corpus proceeding may be submitted on a stipulated record [and that] no further evidence or hearing, unless ordered by the Court, need be held or introduced other than this Stipulation and the documents identified herein” (Paragraphs 2 and 5 Stipulation).
The documents identified included all the reported proceedings in the trial court and all records and briefs filed in the Supreme Court of Missouri in connection with both of petitioner’s unsuccessful Rule 27.26 appeals. In light of the fact that neither party wished to adduce any additional evidence, it is proper for this Court to rule this case on the stipulated records.
Consistent with principles enunciated in Townsend v. Sain, 372 U.S. 293 at 318, 83 S.Ct. 745, 9 L.Ed.2d 770 (1963), we defer to and accept all findings reliably found by the Supreme Court of Missouri in 439 S.W.2d 521. The following seven findings are made in exactly the same language as that used by the Supreme Court of Missouri in its opinion:
1. Turley was arrested on May 30, 1965.
2. He was given a preliminary hearing on June 9, 1965, and bound over to the Jasper County Circuit Court for trial.
3. On June 10, 1965, an information was filed charging Virgil Lewis Turley with burglary and larceny.
4. Turley was brought from Carthage to Joplin on June 14, 1965.
5. When Turley was transferred from Carthage to Joplin and appeared in Circuit Court on June 14th to enter a plea of guilty, Judge Watson refused to accept the plea until Turley had an opportunity to consult a lawyer.
6. Mr. Burress presented [himself] to Judge Watson who advised [him] that [he] was representing an indigent prisoner who was Mr. Turley.
7. Mr. Burress’ hasty and belated appointment was not made until 15 or 30 minutes before the plea.
The Supreme Court of Missouri properly recognized the factual base upon which petitioner’s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel was predicated. It stated that:
Turley's claim that he was “denied effective representation of counsel” is based * * * upon the allegation that the lawyer did not “question whether any of the evidence obtained by the Joplin Police Department was admissible,” particularly whether his “confession,” a written statement, was involuntary, and whether the “goods” found in his hotel room after “a waiver of search warrant” were obtained by an illegal search and seizure. [439 S.W.2d at 524].
In regard to the crucial factual circumstances concerning what legal assistance, if any, Mr. Burress gave petitioner in regard to those questions, the Supreme Court of Missouri paraphrased but a portion of Mr. Burress’ direct examination. It stated that:
Mr. Burress says that he and Turley conferred for about thirty minutes, Turley outlined his past, including his prior felony convictions, “admitted to certain offenses in Kansas City, that the car he had was a stolen vehicle” and, on inquiry, he “stated that he had given this confession” to the Joplin police. Burress advised Turley of the maximum punishment but the outstanding thing to Mr. Burress was that “he advised me of his great desire to plead guilty and this was the only thing he was interested in doing. He didn't wish to remain in the County Jail but insisted upon being sent to the Missouri State Penitentiary at the very earliest moment. He advised me that he had just finished his preliminary hearing in the Magistrate Court and that the term of Court passed him by and that he did not want to remain in the County Jail until the next term of Court and wished to make his guilty plea at that time.” [Ibid]
Petitioner’s testimony and that given by Mr. Burress at the Rule 27.26 hearing is not in substantial conflict. In regard to what else was discussed between the petitioner and his appointed counsel, petitioner testified:
Q. Now, can you recall what Mr. Burress discussed with you before you entered your plea of guilty in the Circuit Court?
A. About all he said was inquiring as to my background and he assured me that—
Q. When you say “background,” what background are you talking about now? Now, what specifically do you recall that he inquired about?
A. How old I was and where I was born and my mother and father, whether they were living or dead and various things of that nature. I don’t recall everything that was said.
* * •» x x- »
Q. Did Mr. Burress discuss with you the evidence which had been obtained by the Prosecutor’s office ?
A. No, sir, he didn’t.
Q. Did he ever discuss with you the confession which had been obtained by the Prosecutor?
A. No, sir, he didn’t.
Q. Did he ever indicate to you whether or not he was aware that a confession had been obtained?
A. No, sir, not as I recall.
Q. Certainly he did not discuss the circumstances under which the confession was obtained?
A. No, sir.
Q. What about the waiver of the search warrant which the Prosecutor’s Office had obtained?
A. Well, this was obtained, or I signed it, about the time that the confession was signed. It was after the search had been — •
Q. Was this discussed with Mr. Burress?
A. No, sir.
Q. During the time immediately before your plea, then, did Mr. Burress ever discuss the evidence obtained against you?
A. No, sir. [Tr. 20-21, 1/29/68]
Mr. Burress testified on cross-examination as follows:
Q. All right. Did you cover anything else [other than Mr. Turley’s previous record and family background] with him or, better yet, did you have time to cover anything else with him?
A. Oh, yes, I discussed the circumstances with him slightly from the standpoint of what he had done and the fact of his apprehension and the fact that he had given a statement of confession. * * *
Q. All right. Now, with regard to this evidence that you have just mentioned, did you discuss with Mr. Turley whether it was admissible into evidence in case he decided to enter a not guilty plea and have his case tried?
A. Yes, I did ask him about the— particularly about the confession that he had made. We did discuss it. He stated that he had given this confession, as I understood it, to the Joplin police and that he affirmed — had affirmed this confession.
Q. Well, did you ever discuss whether or not it was admissible into evidence in the event the case was tried ?
A. I just don’t recall how much we did have a bit, quite a bit of conversation about this business of the confession but I don’t recall whether I discussed with him particularly the admissibility of that particular confession into evidence.
Q. All right. Now, with regard to the remaining evidence, that is, the goods or the materials, whatever it was, that the police had obtained when they searched the hotel room, did you discuss with Mr. Turley the legality of that search of the hotel room?
A. Well, in the first place, I don’t recall about a search of a hotel room. The man told me about the search of the vehicle, that he — at the time, that he was picked up that he stated to them that certain materials were in this car, that he had obtained these materials by various and sundry means in Kansas City, Missouri, and that this car was parked in the vicinity of the police station and he told them where the car was and what was in it and that they should go and get it.
Q. All right. Now, you mentioned goods from Kansas City. What about goods allegedly taken from the Scottish Rite Temple here in Joplin?
A. As I understand it, the material was all there in one place.
Q. In the ear?
A. Yes, as I best recall.
Q. All right, sir. Now, did you ever discuss with Mr. Turley whether any of this evidence, any of these materials, goods, chattels, had been obtained from a hotel room at the Hotel Besse?
A. I did not.
Q. Did you ever discuss whether a search warrant had issued?
A. I did not.
Q. All right, sir, and did you ever discuss whether or not that evidence was admissible into evidence ?
A. As best as I recall, no. [Tr. 66-68, 1/29/68]
There was, of course, evidence that the petitioner wanted to enter a plea of guilty and that, as Mr. Burress testified, petitioner told him that “he had just finished his preliminary hearing in the Magistrate Court and that the term of Court passed him by and that he did not want to remain in the County Jail until the next term of Court and wished to make his guilty plea at that time” [439 S.W.2d at 524], The fact that petitioner was the “moving factor” and the “man who wanted to enter a plea of guilty” [439 S.W.2d at 524] does not support the trial court’s findings implicitly approved by the Supreme Court of Missouri, that “all this came up because he was the moving factor in this situation and the Court finds that the defendant was properly represented by counsel; that he voluntarily and of his own accord * * * entered a plea of guilty * * *” [Tr. 80-81].
We find that there is no substantial evidence that petitioner waived his federally protected right to the effective assistance of counsel and that, under all the facts and circumstances, including the matters discussed by petitioner and his appointed counsel at what could not have been more than a thirty-minute conference immediately before petitioner’s plea of guilty, petitioner has satisfied the burden of proof that his plea of guilty was not voluntarily intelligently, and understandingly made.
It is obvious that substantial questions concerning the applicability of principles stated in Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964); Escobedo v. Illinois, 378 U.S. 478, 84 S.Ct. 1758, 12 L.Ed.2d 977 (1964); and Mapp. v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 81 S.Ct. 1684, 6 L.Ed.2d 1081 (1961), were presented under the factual circumstances of this case. Under all those circumstances it cannot fairly be found that petitioner’s sole reason for pleading guilty was his desire to get out of the County Jail or to dispose of other pending criminal cases. Nor is there any substantial evidence that petitioner would have entered his plea regardless of any legal advice which might have been given him in regard to the questions presented. Petitioner testified that he had been “assured by Mr. Baldridge [the Prosecuting Attorney] that the evidence they had obtained [which] I believe now to be * * * fruits of an illegal search, plus signed statements by me, he claimed that these' could be used by him in court” [Tr. 18]. He also testified that Mr. Baldridge “assured me that he would, in fact, get a conviction without a doubt, using that evidence * * * [Tr. 19]. Mr. Baldridge did not put that testimony in issue. He testified only that he could not recall whether he had discussed with petitioner the case he had against him [Tr. 59]. Those circumstances are significant only to show petitioner’s need for independent counsel and to show that without effective assistance from such counsel his determination to plead guilty cannot be found to be knowing and intelligent.
II.
The Supreme Court of Missouri was of the opinion that petitioner’s three separate claims of (a) ineffective assistance of counsel; (b) the trial court’s alleged failure to discharge its duty when it accepted petitioner’s plea; and (c) the alleged involuntariness of petitioner’s plea were all “inter-related” [439 S.W.2d at 523]. It noted with apparent approval that “the state treats them [the three separate claims] as one point, contending that Turley’s plea of guilty was voluntarily and knowingly entered and that therefore the judgment should be affirmed” [439 S.W.2d at 523], Accordingly, that court did not attempt to articulate in any detail the federal standards applicable to an ineffective assistance of counsel case.
The Supreme Court of Missouri, in reliance upon State v. Pedicord, (Sup. Ct. of Mo., Div. 1, 1969) 437 S.W.2d 87, concluded that “the fact of hasty appointment of counsel 15 or 30 minutes before the plea, * * * in and of itself is not determinative” [439 S.W.2d at 524]. It added, however, that:
Hasty appointment of counsel may result in prejudice, particularly in a trial (United States ex rel. Mathis v. Rundle, 3 Cir., 394 F.2d 748), but the difficulty with the appellant’s position here is that the matters to which he points to prove his point, illegal search and seizure and involuntary confession, play but little part upon a voluntary plea of guilty. [439 S.W.2d at 525], (Emphasis the Supreme Court of Missouri’s.)
To support the notion that questions which relate to illegal search and seizures and to involuntary confessions “play but little part upon a voluntary plea of guilty,” the Supreme Court of Missouri quoted from that part of Busby v. Holman, (5th Cir., 1966) 356 F.2d 75, 77-78, which states that “a plea of guilty which has been entered voluntarily on advice of counsel is not rendered invalid because the defendant had previously made a confession under circumstances which might have rendered it inadmissible in evidence if the defendant had pleaded not guilty and had gone to trial” (emphasis ours) [439 S.W.2d at 525],
It also stated, in reliance upon the per curiam reported in Franklin v. Wainwright, (5th Cir., 1967) 381 F.2d 322, that “the rule as to confessions applies also the allegation of illegally obtained evidence, the plea of guilty, if voluntary, is conclusive as to guilt and waives all non-jurisdictional defects in prior proceedings” [439 SW.2d at 525].
Neither Busby v. Holman, Franklin v. Wainwright, nor Reed v. Henderson, (6th Cir., 1967) 385 F.2d 995 (the only other federal case cited by the Supreme Court of Missouri on this point), supports the proposition that a plea of guilty may properly be considered voluntary when the circumstances of a particular case establish that a particular petitioner was denied the effective assistance of counsel and that he had not intentionally relinquished or abandoned known rights or privileges accorded him by applicable law. See Johnson v. Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458 at 464, 58 S.Ct. 1019, 82 L.Ed. 1461 (1938).
In Pedicord v. Swenson, (W.D.Mo., 1969) 304 F.Supp. 393, 396 (appeal pending), aff’d in part 431 F.2d 92 (8 Cir., August 13, 1970), in which we granted habeas to the defendant involved in State v. Pedicord, supra, we noted that “it was over forty years ago that Mr. Justice Butler stated for a unanimous court in Kercheval v. United States, 274 U.S. 220, 283, 47 S.Ct. 582, 71 L.Ed. 1009 (1927), [that] ‘a plea of guilty shall not be accepted unless made voluntarily after proper advice.’ ” We also there directed attention to the familiar principles articulated in Johnson v. Zerbst and quoted that portion of that opinion which stated that a waiver of a federally protected right could not be held to be valid unless “made with an apprehension of the * * * possible defenses to the charges * * * and all other facts essential to a broad understanding of the whole matter” (304 F. Supp. at 397).
United States ex rel. Mathis v. Rundle, (3rd Cir., 1968) 394 F.2d 748, does not in any way suggest that the principles applicable to the “hasty appointment of counsel” are confined to or are more particularly applicable to cases which go to trial, as distinguished from those in which the defendant is convicted on his plea of guilty, as the Supreme Court of Missouri intimates in connection with its citation of that case. That case cited and relied upon trial and guilty plea cases indiscriminately.
The recent decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States in McMann v. Richardson, 397 U.S. 759, 90 S.Ct. 1441, 25 L.Ed.2d 763, decided May 4, 1970, and Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742, 90 S.Ct. 1463, 25 L.Ed.2d 747, decided on the same day, articulate and reiterate the principles applied in the earlier Supreme Court of the United States cases cited and discussed in Pedicord and Goodwin. Those eases are: Kercheval v. United States, supra; Powell v. State of Alabama, 287 U.S. 45, 53 S.Ct. 55, 77 L.Ed. 158 (1932); Johnson v. Zerbst, supra; Avery v. State of Alabama, 308 U.S. 444, 60 S.Ct. 321, 84 L.Ed. 377 (1940); Glasser v. United States, 315 U.S. 60, 62 S.Ct. 457, 86 L.Ed. 680 (1942); Adams v. United States ex rel. McMann, 317 U.S. 269, 63 S.Ct. 236, 87 L.Ed. 268 (1942); Hawk v. Olson, 326 U.S. 271, 66 S.Ct. 116, 90 L.Ed. 61 (1945); Von Moltke v. Gillies, 332 U.S. 708, 68 S.Ct. 316, 92 L.Ed. 309 (1948); Chandler v. Fretag, 348 U.S. 3, 75 S.Ct. 1, 99 L.Ed. 4 (1954); Pennsylvania ex rel. Herman v. Claudy, 350 U.S. 116, 76 S.Ct. 223, 100 L.Ed. 126 (1956); Moore v. State of Michigan, 355 U.S. 155, 78 S.Ct. 191, 2 L.Ed.2d 167 (1957); Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962); Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335, 83 S.Ct. 792, 9 L.Ed.2d 799 (1963); United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149 (1967), and Anders v. State of California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967).
The rationale of McMann v. Richardson is based on the circumstance that the decision of a properly counseled defendant “to plead guilty or not turns on whether he thinks the law will allow his confession to be used against him” and upon the idea that “a guilty plea in such circumstances is nothing less than a refusal to present his federal claims to the state court in the first instance. * * * ” But the Supreme Court made clear that: “Whether his plain bypass of state remedies was an intelligent act depends on whether he was so incompetently advised by counsel concerning the forum in which he should first present his federal claim that the Constitution will afford him another chance to plead.”
Brady v. United States, in contrast to McMann v. Richardson, involved a properly counseled defendant. The validity of the defendant’s plea of guilty was affirmed without dissent. Brady v. United States reiterated that “the requirement that a plea of guilty must be intelligent and voluntary to be valid has long been recognized.” The defendant in Brady was held to his plea of guilty because he was “represented by competent counsel throughout” and because he had in fact been given a “full opportunity to assess the advantages and disadvantages of a trial, as compared with those attending a plea of guilty.”
The standards of performance required of defense counsel have been clear since the time Powell v. Alabama was decided almost forty years ago. The Supreme Court explicitly stated that no new standards were articulated or applied in McMann v. Richardson and Brady v. United States. In our judgment there is no legitimate question of retroactivity involved in this case, but to avoid any such question we expressly apply only the Supreme Court cases cited above which were decided before June 14, 1965, the date of petitioner’s guilty plea.
Under the facts as we have found them, we are required to conclude that petitioner’s right to the effective assistance of counsel was denied and that under all the facts and circumstances it cannot fairly be said that petitioner’s plea of guilty was a knowing and intelligent act.
We recognize that the transcript of the sentencing proceedings shows that the trial court asked Mr. Burress whether he had “discussed this matter fully with the defendant,” and that Mr. Burress replied : “I pointed out all of his rights to him and the best course under the circumstances to take” [Tr. of June 14, 1965, 13]. The difficulty with this case, however, is that when inquiry was made at the Rule 27.26 hearing in regard to the specifics to support those conclusory statements, the testimony adduced shows that appointed counsel did not really do anything except agree with the defendant that he should go ahead and plead guilty. Mr. Justice Sutherland made clear in Powell v. Alabama that “it is not enough to assume that counsel * * * precipitated into the case thought there was no defense, and exercised their best judgment in proceeding * * * without preparation. Neither they nor the court could say what a prompt and thoroughgoing investigation might disclose as to the facts. No attempt was made to investigate. No opportunity to do so was given” (287 U.S. at 58, 53 S.Ct. at 60).
If it had been established that petitioner’s appointed counsel had in fact discussed the factual situation relating to the alleged offense in sufficient detail to advise the petitioner of any possible factual and legal defenses which might have been available; and if petitioner, will full knowledge of those possibilities nevertheless understandingly wished to forego the presentation of any and all such possible defenses, an entirely different factual situation would have been presented. The circumstances established in this case, however, do not support a finding that petitioner’s plea was tendered in light of any reasonably competent advice given in regard to those questions and accordingly we cannot conclude that his plea was voluntarily, intelligently, and understandably made.
III.
Petitioner has again presented the question of whether he was unconstitutionally denied counsel at his preliminary hearing. The Attorney General suggested in his brief that “the determination of this issue may be governed by the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in Coleman v. Alabama, (No. 72, October Term 1969) (38 Law Week 3002, 3191) which was argued in the Supreme Court of the United States on November 18, 1969.” Coleman v. Alabama was decided June 22, 1970, 399 U.S. 1, 90 S.Ct. 1999, 26 L.Ed.2d 387. Applying principles articulated in Powell v. Alabama, supra; Hamilton v. Alabama, 368 U.S. 52, 82 S.Ct. 157, 7 L.Ed.2d 114 (1961); White v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 59, 83 S.Ct. 1050, 10 L.Ed.2d 193 (1963); United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926 (1966); Gilbert v. California, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178 (1967); and other cases, the Supreme Court determined that Alabama’s preliminary hearing is a critical stage of the criminal proceeding at which the Sixth Amendment requires the appointment of counsel.
We need not, and therefore do not, reach the preliminary hearing question presented in this case. It is not inappropriate, however, to state that any factual base for petitioner’s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel at the time of his plea of guilty probably would not have come into being had counsel been appointed an appropriate time prior to the preliminary hearing and had such counsel, after proper preparation, rendered effective assistance to the petitioner at that time.
IY.
We are cognizant of the fact that petitioner unsuccessfully raised a question concerning his preliminary hearing in State v. Turley, (Sup.Ct.Mo., en banc, 1969) 442 S.W.2d 75, in which (again over Judge Seiler’s dissent) petitioner’s conviction for escape from the Missouri Penitentiary on August 12, 1965 was affirmed.
We also know that a variation of the same preliminary hearing question (complicated by a further question of whether petitioner may have waived such a right under the familiar principles of Johnson v. Zerbst) was presented in State v. Turley, (Sup.Ct.Mo., Div. 2, 1970) 452 S.W.2d 65, in which petitioner’s conviction for an attempt to escape from the Missouri Penitentiary in 1967 was affirmed.
Although those two recent Supreme Court of Missouri cases involve the same petitioner involved in this case, the preliminary hearing questions presented in each of those cases are present-' ed in cases which are entirely separate and distinct from this case. Under familiar principles of exhaustion, petitioner must present any question concerning an alleged denial of counsel at preliminary hearing involved in his two escape cases to the State courts before attempting to invoke the habeas corpus jurisdiction of this Court.
V.
Petitioner’s most recent attempt to escape case, reported in 452 S.W.2d 65, shows that petitioner’s four year sentence was imposed in that case under the Missouri Second Offender Act (V.A.M.S. Supp. § 556.280) and that the prior conviction relied upon by the State in that case was petitioner’s 1965 Jasper County conviction involved in this case. The use of what we have determined to be an invalid conviction in petitioner’s attempt to escape case may at some future time call for application of principles articulated in Burgett v. Texas, 389 U.S. 109, 88 S.Ct. 258, 19 L.Ed.2d 319 (1967) and Losieau v. Sigler, (8th Cir., 1969) 406 F.2d 795, cert. denied 396 U.S. 988, 90 S.Ct. 475, 24 L.Ed.2d 452, 485 (1969), which recently applied those principles to the Nebraska Habitual Criminal Act. See also Williams v. Coiner, (4th Cir., 1968) 392 F.2d 210 (cited with approval by the Eighth Circuit in Losieau) and compare Gerberding v. State, (Sup.Ct. Mo., Div. 2, 1970) 448 S.W.2d 904 (in which the Supreme Court of Missouri distinguished the federal cases just cited).
Although it may eventually be determined that our decision in this case may have an impact upon the sentence affirmed in 452 S.W.2d 65, it is not proper for this Court to reach that question in this case. The vacation of petitioner’s 1965 Jasper County conviction, the only conviction involved in this case, does not entitle petitioner to a release from custody, except for the purpose of a new trial, should the State elect to retry petitioner on the Jasper County offense.
Whether or not the State of Missouri elects to retry petitioner on the Jasper County charge is irrelevant to the question of whether petitioner’s custody under either the escape conviction, affirmed in 442 S.W.2d 75, or under his attempt to escape conviction, affirmed in 452 S.W. 2d 65, may be lawful. Applicable principles of exhaustion command that petitioner present any and all questions involving the legality of his confinement under either or both of those sentences to the Missouri courts before attempting to invoke the habeas corpus jurisdiction of this Court in connection therewith.
Accordingly, and consistent with the command of Section 2243 of Title 28, United States Code, to dispose of this matter as law and justice require, and for the reasons above stated, it is
Ordered that petitioner is entitled to the relief prayed for in connection with his conviction and seven year sentence imposed on June 14, 1965 by the Circuit Court of Jasper County, Missouri; but that the writ shall not issue for a period of thirty (30) days in order to afford the State of Missouri, acting through its Attorney General, the opportunity to have petitioner’s conviction set aside or declared to ,be invalid, to have counsel appointed, and to begin new trial proceedings. It is further
Ordered that if no such new trial proceedings are commenced within the thirty (30) day period, or within an extended period of time granted for good cause shown, the writ shall issue. It is further
Ordered that if such trial proceedings are begun within the thirty (30) day period, or within any granted extension, this Court will delay the issuance of its writ until such time as the situation calls for further appropriate order. It is further
Ordered that the Attorney General keep this Court advised of all proceedings which may be taken consistent with our stay of the issuance of the writ.
. The transcript of the June 14, 1965 sentencing procedure shows that Mr. Burress had seen petitioner “at the request of the prosecuting attorney” earlier that morning [June 14, 1965 Tr. 11], The question and answer from the Rule 27.26 transcript quoted by the Supreme Court of Missouri stated:
Q. Can you tell the Court the circumstances surrounding your meeting with the defendant on that day?
A. I received a phone call early the morning of the 14th, I’d say 9:00 or 9:30, asking that I come over to the Courthouse. I don’t recall now just who called, but I did come over to the Courthouse and presented myself to Judge Watson who advised me that I was representing an indigent prisoner who was Mr. Turley. [January 29, 1968 Tr. 62-63]
. The Supreme Court noted in its opinion that petitioner testified that “I believe I’d be stretching it a little to say fifteen minutes before the guilty plea was entered,” and that “Mr. Burress says that he and Turley conferred for about thirty minutes” [439 S.W.2d at 524], The Supreme Court of Missouri’s descriptive finding that Mr. Burress’ appointment was “hasty and belated” was made at 525 of 439 S.W.2d.
. The full allegation in petitioner’s Rule 27.26 motion from which the Supreme Court of Missouri partially quoted stated the following:
Movant did not receive benefit of counsel until a few minutes before arraignment, plea and sentencing. Because of the length of time allotted to appointed counsel, said counsel was unable to and did not confer with movant or advise him with regard to :
1. The admissibility of evidence obtained pursuant to the search and seizure of goods in movant’s hotel room.
2. The admissibility into evidence of the confession obtained involuntarily.
3. Whether, in fact, the State had obtained any admissible evidence upon which to base a conviction.
4. Whether, in fact, the. prosecuting attorney had reached an agreement with movant to recommend that his sentences, if any, would be concurrent. [Tr. 7-8 1/29/68],
. Petitioner later testified on cross-examination as follows concerning the circumstances of the search of the hotel room:
Q. All right. Now, among this other testimony that you’ve put forth here today, I believe you said the search had already been made when you signed the waiver, is that correct?
A. X was sure of that, yes, sir.
Q. Well, had it or hadn’t it?
A. As far as I could tell. You know,
I was locked up, but—
Q.
A. Only that the thing was setting in the floor in front of me is all I know.
Q. And, they supposedly came from your hotel room?
A. Yes, sir.
sfc % s}s %
Q. Well, did you take them and put them in your hotel room?
A. No, I didn’t.
Q. How did they get there?
A. By somebody else.
Q. I see. Who else had a key to your room?
A. No key to the room, just one of those cheap hotels — didn’t have a lock on it, I don’t believe.
Q. So, after the items were there, you signed a wavier for them to go search your hotel room, is that what you are telling the Court?
A. Yes, sir. [Tr. 36-37 1/29/68],
. Petitioner has consistently maintained that he is not guilty of the offense to which he entered his plea of guilty. At the Rule 27.26 hearing he testified:
Q. All right. Now, are you telling the Court that you did not, in fact, enter a plea of guilty because you were guilty?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. That is what you are telling the Court now?
A. Yes, sir.
THE COURT: AVliat is your answer to that?
THE WITNESS : Yes, sir.
Q. And you are telling the Court that you entered your plea of guilty for these reasons that you and I have just talked about and not because you were guilty of this offense, that correct?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. And are you now telling the Court that you did not commit this offense, that correct?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. You are certain of that?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. I want to remind you that you are under oath.
A. Yes, sir.
Q. Do you understand what that means?
A. Yes, sir. [Tr. 25-26],
. The trial judge frankly stated his view that “I don’t feel that it’s necessary for appointed counsel to go to the trouble and the difficulty of searching the entire record of a case, checking all the evidence when an individual tells him that he is guilty of the offense of which he is charged, that he wants to enter a plea of guilty to that charge, he wants to get it over with and start serving his time and that is what was done in this case.” The Supreme Court of Missouri’s apparent approval of the trial court’s finding and conclusion that Mr. Burress was generally “highly competent in every way” (439 S.W.2d at 524) is, of course, irrelevant. See Goodwin v. Swenson, (W.D. Mo., 1968) 287 F.Supp. 166, at 182, and cases there cited.
. See also the Supreme Court’s conclusion that “a plea of guilty in a state court is not subject to collateral attack in a federal court on the ground that it was motivated by a coerced confession unless the defendant was incompetently advised by his attorney.” [emphasis ours]. And see its further conclusion that a defendant is not bound by his plea of guilty if he “can allege and prove serious derelictions on the part of counsel sufficient to show that his plea was not, after all, a knowing and intelligent act.”
. As Judge Seiler appropriately pointed out in his dissenting opinion in 416 S.W.2d at 77-79, it is almost impossible for counsel to participate in a preliminary hearing and not become fully acquainted with the factual and legal questions presented in a particular case. In Pedicord v. Swenson, we stated : “Experience teaches that convictions based on pleas of guilty tendered immediately or shortly after hasty courthouse conferences between the defendant and his recently appointed counsel are a fertile source of postconviction proceedings. * * * The practice of forcing or permitting counsel, except under exceptional circumstances, to enter anything other than a plea of not guilty on the day of his appointment is almost an invitation to the defendant to later question the effectiveness of the representation afforded by counsel who, under ordinary circumstances, would obviously lack time to investigate either the facts or the law in a particular case.
In the event the not unlikely postconviction motion is filed, uncompensated time of still other lawyers will be required in the state trial and appellate courts, and, still later, for the trial and appellate courts in the federal system.”
. The Supreme Court of Missouri noted that petitioner’s prison dossier (which apparently had been introduced in evidence) showed that, in addition to petitioner’s 1965 Jasper County conviction involved in this case, petitioner had prior convictions in Arkansas and Texas (the Rule 27.26 transcripts mention two Texas convictions, Tr. 41) and at least one federal sentence served at Leavenworth Penitentiary. Those circumstances prompted the Supreme Court to suggest that in future cases “with records such as Turley’s * * * the state should not permit any question to arise as to the applicability of the Second Offender Act, thus forestalling further post-conviction proceedings.” [452 S.W.2d at 71]. That advice, of course, can not be retroactively followed.
|
CASELAW
|
Page:Black's Law Dictionary (Second Edition).djvu/540
Rh ing any one in the presence of witnesses in due form, the thing stolen was discovered in his possession.—Furtum grave. In Scotch law. An aggravated degree of theft, anciently punished with death. It still remains an open point what amount of value raises the theft to this serious denomination. 1 Broun. 352, note. See 1 Swint. 4b7.—1‘nrtnm manifestum. Open theft Theft where a thief is caught with the property in his possession. Bract. fol. I500. —1‘urtn.m oblntum. In the civil law. Offered theft. Oblutum fnrtum dicitur cum res fumtiva ab Izliqum tibi ohlutu sit, ouque opud to I-onceptu sit. Theft is called "oblatum" when a thing stolen is offered to you by any one, and found upon you. Inst. 4, 1, 4.
Fnrtum est uontrectatio re! nlierun frandnlenta, cum nnimo furandi, Lnvito illa domino cnjnn res illa. fuel-at. 3 Inst. 107. Theft is the fraudulent handling of another's property, with an intention of Mediing. against the will of the proprietor, whose property it was.
Fnrtnm non. est nbi initium lulbet detentionis per dnmininm H21. 3 Inst. 107. There is no theft where the foundation of the detention is based upon ownership of the thing.
In old English law. A heating with sticks or clubs; one of the acnient kinds of punishment of malefactors. Bract. foi. 1041). lib. 3. tr. 1. c. 6.
In old English law. A staff, used in making livery of seisin. Bract. fol. 40.
A baton, club, or cudgel.
In Scotch law. A debt which is crwted, but which will not become due till a future day. 1 Beli. Comm. 315.
See.
This term has grown out of those purely speculative transactions, in which there is a nominal contract or sale for future delivery, but where in fact none is ever intended or executed The nominal seller does not have or expect to have the stock or merchandise he purports to sell, nor does the nominal buyer expect to receive it or to pay the price. Instead of that, a percentage or margin is paid, which is increased or diminished as the market rates go up or down, and accounted for to the buyer. King v. Quidnick 00., 14 R. I. 133: Lemonius v. Mayer, 71 Miss. 514, 14 South. 33; Piank v. Jackson, 128 Ind. 421. 26 N. E. 568.
Lat. Those who are to be. Part of the commencement of old deeds "Scmnt praesentes ct futuri, quad ego mlis, dedi et concessi," ete., (Let all men now living and to come know that I, A. B., have, etc.) Brnct. fol. 341).
A Celtic word, meaning a wood or forest.
One of the fines incurred for homicide.
A bow-net for catching fish. Pub. St. Mass. 1882, p. 1291. .
In old Scotch law. To defile; to declare foul or defiled. Hence, to find a prisoner guilty.
In old Scotch practice. Fyled; found guilty. See.
Sax. In Anglo-Saxon law. The military array or land force of the whole country. Contribution to the fyrd was one of the imposts forming the trinoda necessitas. (Also spelled "ferd" and "flrd.")
—Fyrdfare. A summoning forth to join a military expedition; a summons to join the fyrd or army.—Fy1-dsncne, [or f1/rdsoken.) Exemption from military duty: exemption from service in the f1/-rd.—I‘y1-dwite. A line imposed for neglecting to join the fyrd when summoned. Also it fine imposed for murder committed in the army; also an acquittance of such fine.
|
WIKI
|
Red Blood Cells(RBCs) |Composition, Functions, Disorders
Red blood cells are fluid connective tissue. Fluid connective tissue are also called as haemopoietic tissue and consists of blood and lymph. Blood is composed of blood cells and plasma. Blood cells are also called as corpuscles which are of 3-types- RBCs, WBCs and plateletes(or thrombocytes). The plasma constitutes about 55% and blood corpuscles about 45% of total blood volumn.
Blood plasma is pale yellow liquid consisting 90% water and 10% organic and inorganic substances.It consists of various kinds of proteins molecules like fibrinogens, albumins and globulins. Fibrinogen is essential for blood clotting. Albumin helps in maintaining osmotic balance of the blood by grasping water molecules. And globulin contains antibodies for developing body immunity. Inorganic compounds mostly include salts of carbonates, bicarbonates, chlorides, sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron etc.
Plasma also contains hormones like insulin and testosteron. It also contains glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins etc due to transportation of digested food materials inside body. It also function as transportation of respiratory gases (i.e O2 and CO2).
Composition of RBCs-Erythrocytes
Out of total blood volumn, Red blood cells(i.e RBCs) occupies 40-45%. It is composed of outer cell membrane(or plasma membrane), cytoplasma and with or without nucleus. Cell membrane is made up protein-lipid layer and is semipermeable from where oxygen molecules gets diffused from lungs. Cytoplasma of erythrocytes contains an important iron containing compound-haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is made up of two complex parts - iron and protein. Iron is indigestible while protein-globin is digestible part in haemoglobin. It imparts red coloration to the blood and main function is to carry oxygen diffused from lungs to every tissues of the body.
Haemoglobin
It is metalloprotein compound found in cytoplasm of RBCs. It is mostly found in every vertebrates performing aerobic respiration. The metal part is iron while protein part is globin(not globulin). Oxygen molecules combines with haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin. Oxyhaemoglobin breaks up into oxygen and haemoglobin, releasing oxygen into cells and tissues.
rbcs
Shape and structure of RBCs in different group of animals
In mammals - Red blood cells are small, biconcave and having "no nucleus"(i.e anucleated) in mammals. It undergoes different adaptations for increasing maximum efficiency of the cells.
In early stage it has nucleus but as maturity gains, nucleus get lost . After maturity, it also begins to loose most of the cells organells to provide maximun space for haemoglobin. It has depression in center making a disk shape structure. These adaptations makes mammalian RBCs to accormodate for maximum haemoglobin and overall speeding the transportation of red blood cells inside the capillaries.
In birds, reptiles, frog and fish - It is oval and nucleated. In this group of animals, RBCs do not loss nucleus and persists through out life.
Life span of erythrocytes
Red blood cells have life span of 120 days. After functionless, it is destroyed in liver by the phagocytes called kupffer cells and also in spleen. The turn over of these cells are short and very rapid. In one second time period, about 20 millions old cells get destroyed and new ones are formed. Red blood cells are made in bone marrow of vertebrates, ribs, and pelvis of adult. In embryo mostly liver and least in spleen, are the sites for formation of erythrocytes. The process of formation of RBCs is called as erythropoiesis.
Functions and importancen of red blood cells
• The pigment present in blood is haemoglobin which imparts red color to RBCs making blood red. WBCs lacks pigments and are colourless.
• The important function of haemoglobin is transportation of respiratory gases(i.e O2 and CO2). Oxygen combines with haemoglobin during diffusion from lungs and form oxyhaemoglobin. It is then transported to cells and tissues where it releases oxygen molecule returning again into haemoglobin. The released oxygen takes part in cellular respiration
• from where energy is released.
• The presence of Rh factor present on the cell memrane of RBCs plays an key role in determining different blood groups.
• It hepls in blood trsansfusion. Many of the diseases and blood related diseases requires blood during its surgery or recovery. It is also used as transfusion under the name "packed red blood cells"(i.e PRBC).
Red Blood Cells Disorders
• Anemia- It is a disease caused due to low count or low efficiency of corpuscles or its haemoglobin to transport oxygen molecules to the tissues. There are different types to anemia. Some of them are:
• Pernicious anemia- It is a type of anemia where there is less amount of haemoglobin. Haemoglobins is produced with the help of vitamin B12 In pernicious anemia, body lacks intrinsic factors to absorb vitamin B12 from the diet resulting in the low formation of haemoglobin and causing the disease.
• Sickle cell anemia- It is a genetic disease and are transferable from parents to offsprings. The haemoglobin became abnormal resulting in the low oxygen carrying capacity. In this disease, red blood cells appears as sickle shape structure so called as sickle cell anemia.
• Iron deficiency anemia- It is a common type of anemia. It is clear from it's name i.e it occurs due to deficiency of iron(Fe) during the formation of its derivative-haemoglobin. When diet lacks iron or there is inability of the body to absorb iron from diet, it resulting in iron deficiency anemia.
• Aplastic anemia- It occurs due to inability of bone marrow to produe RBCs.
• Polycythemia- It is the term used when there is increased number of blood cells. It may result in several abnormal symptoms and deficiencies.
Frequently asked questions (FAQs)
1. How many grams of haemoglobin are present in 100ml of blood?
Ans: In 100ml of blood, 12-20 grams of haemoglobin is present. This ranges varies according to different age group people and their health conditions.
2. How many ml of oxygen is carried by 1gm of haemoglobin?
Ans: 1 gram of haemoglobin has an capacity of carrying 1.34ml oxygen.
3. why do people living in higher altitude have red cheeks?
Ans: As altitude increases, density of oxygen decreases. Haemoglobin are oxygen carrying agent found inside RBCs. To maintain proper oxygen need for body, more nos. of haemoglobin are needed to overcome less availability of oxygen in the environment. As the need of haemoglobin increases, nos. of RBCs also increases which results in red coloration to the cheeks of people living in himalayas.
SOME RELATED:
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Bashir Ahmad Orchard
Bashir Ahmad Orchard (April 26, 1920 – July 8, 2002; born James Bryan Orchard) was an English convert to Ahmadiyya Islam and the first European Ahmadi Muslim missionary
Life
Orchard was born in Torquay and was brought up within a Christian household. He joined the British Indian Army in 1942 and became a lieutenant. He was a member of the Church of England at the time and had a brother who was a Roman Catholic priest. During his service in India, an Ahmadi officer from his unit taught him about Islam and the Ahmadiyya movement. While stationed at Manipur, a good 1000 miles from Qadian, the Ahmadi headquarters, this officer, Abdur Rahman Dehlvi, arranged for a copy of The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad to be sent to Orchard from Qadian. Later, Orchard used his army leave to visit Qadian where he met the Caliph, Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad and was much impressed, describing him as 'an embodiment of energetic repose radiating physical, intellectual and spiritual magnetism which captivated all in his presence'. Shortly after his visit to Qadian, as his unit advanced towards Burma, Orchard signed the form of Bay'ah (allegiance) and sent it to Qadian, thus formally joining the Ahmadiyya movement, and adopted the Arabic name Bashir (bringer of glad tidings) in 1945. At the time of his conversion Orchard had a vivid dream in which he met the Caliph and received advice from him. On demobilization in 1946 Orchard offered his services to the London branch of the Ahmadiyya movement and was appointed by the Caliph as a missionary. In 1949 he came to Glasgow where he stayed for three years, before going to the West Indies. He returned to Glasgow in 1966, where he stayed for the next 17 years. He moved to continue working, first in Oxford, and later London. While, associated with the London Mosque (London Muslim Mission), Orchard was the editor of the monthly Review of Religions. In his later years, he travelled to Mecca and performed the hajj pilgrimage.
|
WIKI
|
Jesse Quinn Thornton
Jesse Quinn Thornton (1810–1888) was an American settler of Oregon, active in political, legal, and educational circles. He served as the 6th Supreme Judge of the Provisional Government of Oregon, presented Oregon's petition for official territorial status to Congress, served in the Oregon Legislature, and wrote the state's motto.
Early life
Jesse Quinn Thornton was born August 24, 1810, near Point Pleasant, Virginia (now West Virginia). He grew up in Champaign County, Ohio, and studied law in London for nearly three years. Returning to the United States, he read law in Virginia and was admitted to the bar in 1833, afterward attending lectures at the University of Virginia. In 1835, Thornton moved to Palmyra in western Missouri, where he practiced law; he also edited a newspaper.
On February 8, 1838, he married the widowed Agnes M. "Nancy" Huston Logue, a teacher. Thornton, an abolitionist, ran into difficulty in pro-slavery Missouri and in 1841 he and his wife moved across the Mississippi River to Quincy, Illinois. Thornton corresponded with newspaper editor Horace Greeley and was acquainted with senators Thomas Hart Benton of Missouri and Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois.
Oregon
Hoping to improve their health, the Thorntons decided to emigrate to Oregon. They left Quincy on April 18, 1846, and after a brief stop in Independence, Missouri, joined the William H. Russell wagon train on May 15. This company was made up of travelers bound for both Oregon and California; among the latter were many of the emigrants who later formed the Donner Party. On June 1 Thornton and his partner John B. Goode became involved in a dispute about their wagon and team, and the following day arbitrators requested the Oregon-bound wagons to leave the group.
When they reached Fort Hall, near present-day Pocatello, Idaho, Thornton's party met Jesse Applegate, Lindsay Applegate, David Goff, and Levi Scott, who were authorized by the Provisional Government of Oregon to survey a new route to the Willamette Valley that would avoid the Columbia River. On August 9, 1846, Thornton's group set off on the California Trail, which they followed until they reached central Nevada. From there the new Applegate Trail (also called the Southern Route) went northwest and entered Oregon from the south.
The road built by the party was inadequate for wagon travel and required the first group to take it to make many improvements, slowing their progress. Some emigrants, including the Thorntons, were forced to abandon their wagons and possessions along the way. On November 30, 1846, Thornton arrived at Salt Creek in Yamhill District and soon after wrote a letter to the editor of the Oregon Spectator pleading for the settlers to send relief parties to the Umpqua Valley to save the belated emigrants.
Politics
On February 20, 1847, Governor George Abernethy of the Provisional Government appointed Thornton to the position of Supreme Judge where he served until November 9, 1847. He resigned when Abernathy asked him to go to Washington, D.C., as a delegate from the Provisional Government to present Oregon's bill requesting official territorial status to Congress.
He sailed for the east on the ship Whiton along with a memorial created by the Provisional Legislature of Oregon. During a one-month layover in San Francisco he met survivors of the Donner Party, who provided him with information about their disastrous journey to California. Thornton arrived in Boston in May 1848 and spent the summer in the East until the creation of Oregon Territory on August 14, 1848. During his travels Thornton wrote up his overland diary, which was published as Oregon and California in 1848 in early 1849. After his legislative work was done, Thornton returned to Oregon and practiced law in the Willamette Valley.
Thornton's motto "She flies with her own wings," translated into Latin as Alis volat propriis, was adopted as the motto of Oregon Territory and incorporated into the territorial seal by an act of the Territorial Legislature on January 18, 1854. In 1864 and 1865, Thornton returned to politics when he served in the Oregon House of Representatives as a Republican from Benton County.
From 1872 until 1888 he served on the board of trustees for Willamette University in Salem.
Death and legacy
Thornton died in Salem on February 5, 1888, and was buried at Lee Mission Cemetery. Mrs. Thornton died the following year and is buried beside him. They had no children of their own, but left an adopted daughter.
Works
* Oregon and California in 1848. In two volumes. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1849. Vol. 1 | Vol. 2
* "History of the Provisional Government of Oregon," from Constitution and Quotations from the Register of the Oregon Pioneer Association, Together with the Annual Address of Hon. S.F. Chadwick, Remarks of Gov. L.F. Grover, at Reunion, June 1874, and Other Matters of Interest. Salem, OR: E.M. Waite, 1875; pp. 43–96.
|
WIKI
|
Page:The House On The Cliff.pdf/68
There an unexpected sight met their eyes.
Mr. and Mrs. Kane were seated in chairs in the middle of the room. They were unable to move, unable to speak, scarcely able to make a struggle.
The farmer and his wife were bound and gagged, tied to their chairs!
|
WIKI
|
Micron Technology and NVIDIA Are Sitting on a Potential Gold Mine
Micron Technology (NASDAQ: MU) and NVIDIA (NASDAQ: NVDA) have been on a roll over the past few quarters. While favorable memory pricing has turned out to be a big catalyst for Micron, NVIDIA has benefited from a cryptocurrency-triggered shortage in graphics processing units (GPUs) that has led to a spike in prices.
The success of both these high-flying stocks has largely been dependent on favorable demand-supply dynamics in their respective industries. The good part is that both NVIDIA and Micron are sitting on multiple catalysts that should help keep demand above supply going forward. These catalysts include cloud computing , self-driving cars , and increasing memory content in smartphones.
But one catalyst that hasn't been discussed much by analysts and investors is the esports market, which could prove to be a potential gold mine for both companies.
The what and why of esports
The concept of esports is nothing new, but it has evolved big time of late. For years, groups of gamers played multiplayer games such as Call of Duty on a casual basis. Such games are now played competitively by professional gamers and watched by spectators in an arena or on the internet, with the winner usually taking home a fat paycheck.
Simply put, competitive multiplayer PC gaming has now become a popular spectator sport. Newzoo estimates that the esports gaming economy was worth an estimated $696 million last year, and it could more than double in size to $1.5 billion by 2020 thanks to an increase in sponsorship, advertising, and media rights revenue.
The League of Legends World Championship had an estimated 60 million viewers last year, an increase of 40% from the prior year. By comparison, the NBA finals pulled in just 24.5 million viewers last year. But how are Micron and NVIDIA going to benefit from this trend?
What's in it for NVIDIA and Micron
The expanding size of the esports economy is going to positively impact demand for dedicated gaming hardware such as graphics cards. Consider this: The total prize money of the Dota 2 tournament last year was worth more than $24 million, up from $20 million in the previous year.
This figure is going to increase as sponsors pour more money into esports. As such, gamers will be encouraged to invest in better equipment so that they can hone their skills and take a crack at the prize money.
A proper gaming setup requires 16 gigabytes of DRAM (dynamic random access memory), according to Micron's estimates, a solid-state drive (SSD) for reducing load times, as well as a powerful GPU equipped with high-speed random access memory to improve gaming performance. Digi-Capital estimates that demand for PC gaming hardware could increase from $30 billion to $35 billion this year to almost $45 billion in 2022.
This is great news for both Micron and NVIDIA, as they deal in the parts outlined above. NVIDIA, for example, controlled just over 66% of discrete GPUs at the end of last year, and its leading position in this space has been critical to its massive growth in recent quarters.
For instance, the company's video gaming business was up 52% year over year in the just-reported quarter. NVIDIA could sustain this impressive momentum thanks to esports that will encourage gamers to upgrade to better hardware. In fact, NVIDIA estimates that 35% of its installed user base is currently using a 2-year-old GPU architecture, which sets the stage for a strong upgrade cycle once its latest generation of Turing graphics cards, which were recently unveiled.
This is one of the reasons why research and advisory firm Gartner estimates that sales of discrete GPUs will increase from $6.9 billion last year to nearly $11 billion in 2022. Assuming that NVIDIA continues holding even 60% of this space five years down the line, its business will get a big shot in the arm considering that it has generated just under $11 billion in revenue over the past year.
The spike in demand for discrete GPUs will be a tailwind for Micron as well. NVIDIA was using Micron's specialty DRAM in its previous-generation graphics cards, and it is likely to tap the memory specialist once again to supply GDDR6 memory for its next-generation GPUs to provide faster performance.
This should boost Micron's DRAM business, which accounts for 71% of total revenue. More specifically, the company gets nearly a quarter of its DRAM revenue by supplying specialty DRAM chips that are used in verticals such as "graphics, networking, automotive, and other embedded technologies." This means that specialty DRAM accounted for approximately $1.2 billion of Micron's total revenue of $7.8 billion last quarter.
So the potential growth of the GPU market can influence around 15% of Micron's overall business. And that's excluding the bump in demand for other gaming-related components such as SSDs and PC DRAM, which means that esports and PC gaming could have a bigger impact on Micron's business as they are triggering a PC revival.
Driving the big picture
Industry watchers believe that gaming is playing a critical role in reviving the PC market, which grew 1.4% during the second quarter of 2018, marking the first rise after six years of decline as per Gartner. Looking ahead, concepts such as esports will continue boosting PC demand, leading to stronger demand for parts such as GPUs and memory. This should expand Micron's and NVIDIA's addressable markets, helping both chipmakers enjoy a favorable demand-supply dynamic.
10 stocks we like better than Nvidia
When investing geniuses David and Tom Gardner have a stock tip, it can pay to listen. After all, the newsletter they have run for over a decade, Motley Fool Stock Advisor , has quadrupled the market.*
David and Tom just revealed what they believe are the 10 best stocks for investors to buy right now... and Nvidia wasn't one of them! That's right -- they think these 10 stocks are even better buys.
Click here to learn about these picks!
*Stock Advisor returns as of August 6, 2018
Harsh Chauhan has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool owns shares of and recommends Nvidia. The Motley Fool recommends Gartner. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy .
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Page:The red book of animal stories.djvu/103
crouched down perfectly flat on the ground, then he crossed his paws in the front of him and pillowed his head upon them. His eye was fixed on me, and his glance never wavered from mine for an instant. He seemed to be wondering what this man could be doing in his kingdom without even recognising his royalty. Five minutes more passed. In the position he had taken up nothing would have been easier for me than to have killed him.
All of a sudden he rose, and began to be agitated, making a couple of steps forward, then one or two backwards—to the right, to the left—and moving his tail like a young cat who is getting angry.
No doubt he could not understand this goat with its cord or this man who kept watching him, but his instinct told him there was some trap.
Meantime I sat quite still, the gun at my shoulder and my finger on the trigger, following every movement with my eye. One spring, and I should be between his claws. His anxiety increased every moment, and almost infected me. His tail lashed against his sides, his movements were more rapid and his eye kindled.
To hesitate longer would be suicidal. I seized the moment when he turned his left flank towards me, took a steady aim and fired.
The lion staggered on his legs and uttered a frightful roar, but did not fall.
I fired my second shot. Then, without looking, for I was sure I had hit him, I threw down my first gun and seized the second which was lying ready loaded beside me. When I turned round again the lion had disappeared. I remained motionless, fearing a surprise, and looking round on all sides for a hidden foe.
I heard the lion roar. He had fled into the bed of the ravine, and was hurrying back to his lair.
I waited a few minutes more, or perhaps they were only seconds, for one does not measure time accurately in such circumstances.
|
WIKI
|
Eric Leschinski Eric Leschinski - 2 years ago 884
HTML Question
A html space is showing as %2520 instead of %20
Passing a filename to the firefox browser causes it to replace spaces with
%2520
instead of
%20
.
I have the following HTML in a file called
myhtml.html
:
<img src="C:\Documents and Settings\screenshots\Image01.png"/>
When I load
myhtml.html
into firefox, the image shows up as a broken image. So I right click the link to view the picture and it shows this modified URL:
file:///c:/Documents%2520and%2520Settings/screenshots/Image01.png
^
^-----Firefox changed my space to %2520.
What the heck? It converted my space into a
%2520
. Shouldn't it be converting it to a
%20
?
How do I change this HTML file so that the browser can find my image? What's going on here?
Answer Source
A bit of explaining as to what that %2520 is :
The common space character is encoded as %20 as you noted yourself. The % character is encoded as %25.
The way you get %2520 is when your url already has a %20 in it, and gets urlencoded again, which transforms the %20 to %2520.
Are you (or any framework you might be using) double encoding characters?
Recommended from our users: Dynamic Network Monitoring from WhatsUp Gold from IPSwitch. Free Download
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Talk:Lizard (album)
Tone
I just added a "tone" template to the article - don't have the time to work on it now, but I think it could use some reworking. It uses too many flowery words and sounds too much like a glowing album review. flod logic 05:42, 22 August 2007 (UTC)
Album Cover
I'm confused about it's description- do the letters of King or of Crimson represent the suite lizard? The article states It is represented by Crimson, but then there's an image of the Beatles there, which corresponds to the first side of the album...<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:42, 26 June 2010 (UTC)
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified one external link on Lizard (album). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20040912074123/http://www.elephant-talk.com/releases/lizard.htm to http://www.elephant-talk.com/releases/lizard.htm
Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 02:45, 20 December 2017 (UTC)
Live Performances
I'm thinking the section on live performances, esp by 21st Century Schizoid and the current (as of 2018) line-up, should be its own section or down in Reception? It isn't really relevant to the album's production or history in that context. Acroyear (talk) 15:14, 10 October 2018 (UTC)
|
WIKI
|
Virginia Aquarium
The Virginia Aquarium & Marine Science Center, formerly known as the Virginia Marine Science Museum, is an aquarium and marine science museum located in Virginia Beach, Virginia, just south of Rudee Inlet. The exhibits at the museum are contained in over 800000 gal of fresh and saltwater displays.
History
The aquarium opened on June 14, 1986, as the Virginia Marine Science Museum. The focus of exhibits was on life in the rivers of Virginia, Chesapeake Bay, and the marine waters just off of Virginia. In 1995, the aquarium expanded, tripling its size. On November 21, 2009, the Virginia Aquarium opened a 12000 sqft series of exhibits called Restless Planet. The $25 million renovation designed by Chermayeff & Poole of Boston includes for habitats: Malaysian Peat Swamp, Coastal Sahara Desert, Red Sea, and Indonesia's Flores Island and doubled the number of species displayed by the aquarium. Some of the new animals include Komodo dragons, tomistomas, spotted eagle rays, and cuttlefish.
Exhibits
The two main exhibit buildings of the aquarium are the Bay and Main Building and South Building. The two are connected by a one-third mile outdoor nature trail running alongside Owls Creek Salt Marsh. Together the two buildings are home to more than 12,000 animals representing over 700 species.
Main Building
The Main Building houses displays intended to show the journey of water from the rivers of Virginia, through the Chesapeake Bay, and out into the ocean. The Restless Planet part of the displays are intended to show the forces that shaped Virginia.
* Chesapeake Bay Aquarium
The Chesapeake Bay Aquarium starts with a touch pool where visitors can touch horseshoe crabs, Forbes' sea stars, and whelk. The rest of the exhibit showcases species that live in the shallow waters around the Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel including hermit crabs, spider crabs, and Hypsoblennius hentz.
* Norfolk Canyon Aquarium
The Norfolk Canyon aquarium replicates the underwater environment of the Norfolk Canyon, a canyon roughly 70 miles off the coast of Virginia. This exhibit is home to sandbar shark, nurse shark and sand tiger shark as well as fish such as crevalle jack, grey triggerfish and southern stingray.
* Chesapeake Light Tower Aquarium
The 70000 gal Chesapeake Light Tower Aquarium replicates the underwater environment of up to about 15 mi off the coast of Virginia, and is home to loggerhead, green sea turtle, and Kemp's ridley sea turtle along with many fish including Atlantic spadefish, a large Atlantic goliath grouper, Atlantic tripletail, cobia, lookdown, and permits.
* Restless Planet
The new Restless Planet expansion includes five immersive displays (a Malaysian peat swamp, the coastal desert, a replica of the Mediterranean Sea, the 100000 gal Red Sea exhibit and a recreation of an Indonesian volcanic island), and new hands-on exhibits intended to show the forces that shaped the Virginia landscape into what it is today. Some of the animals in these exhibits include Komodo dragons, tomistomas, spotted eagle rays, zebra shark, Egyptian cobra, hedgehog and cuttlefish.
South Building
The South Building features North American river otters, a red octopus, moon jellies, and other animals. This new building gives guests behind-the-scenes access to the Vet Center, Stranding Response Program, and Water Quality Lab. The new building also includes a large outdoor play area for kids, with water tables, climbing nets, bubbles, and more. The Research and Conservation branch of the aquarium is responsible for the Stranding Response Program, which responds to sick or injured seals, dolphins, whales, and sea turtles from local shores. The Marsh Pavilion closed to the public for renovations on January 2, 2019.
Aviary
The Virginia Aquarium Aviary was a half-acre habitat located behind the March Pavilion, and was home to 70 birds of about 30 species including a great horned owl, turkey vultures, great blue herons, brown pelicans, fulvous whistling duck, great egrets, and ruddy ducks. Many of the birds had been injured and rehabilitated, and could not be released back into the wild. The aviary was badly damaged by a storm in the winter of 2015; though no birds were killed, most had to be dispersed to other wildlife centers. At the moment there is a crow on exhibit, with others off exhibit but used for educational programs. There are no current plans to rebuild the aviary.
|
WIKI
|
user_01 user_01 - 6 months ago 66
Java Question
Calculate age in java considering leap years
I would like to calculate exact age in days considering leap years. I researched on the web, found some tutorials, but with leap years that exactly calculates difference of dates in days seems to be the one in [1]: https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110629162003AAof4mT this link, which is "best answer" . I analyzed code but have two questions:
1) Why it writes "days = days + leapYears" below "Calculate days lives" section and
2) Finally, how can I input birthday date with day,month and year and current day,month,year and find difference of these two dates in days within this code in the main method? I really appreciate your help. Thanks in advance !
PS: For convenience, I have included the code from the link I showed above:
public class Days {
static int leapYear(int year) {
int leap;
if ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0)) {
leap = 1;
}
else {
leap = 0;
}
return leap;
}
static int daysBefore(int month, int day, int year){
int days = 0;
int monthDays[] = new int[] {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
if (leapYear(year) == 1){
monthDays[1] = 29;
}
for (int b = 0; b < month - 1; b++){
days = days + monthDays[b];
}
days = days + day;
return days;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Birth date
int birthMonth = 0;
int birthDay = 0;
int birthYear = 0;
//Due date
int dueMonth = 0;
int dueDay = 0;
int dueYear = 0;
//(1) Calculate years lived
int yearsLived = dueYear - birthYear + 1;
//(2) Calculate leap years
int leapYears = 0;
for (int year = birthYear; year < dueYear+1; year++)
{
leapYears = leapYears + leapYear(year);
}
//(3) Calculate the number of days in your birth year before birth
int daysBeforeBirth = daysBefore(birthMonth, birthDay, birthYear);
//(4) Calculate the number of days remaining in the current year after the due date
int daysRemaining = 365 - daysBefore(dueMonth, dueDay, dueYear);
//Calculate days lived
int days = 0;
days = days + (365 * yearsLived);
days = days + leapYears;
days = days - daysBeforeBirth;
days = days - daysRemaining;
}
}
Answer
The correct way to do this is with the Period and LocalDate classes in the java.time package. However, it seems that you're trying to reinvent the calculation for yourself.
The way that I would recommend doing this is to write a class that lets you calculate a "day number" for a given date - that is, the number of days between the specified date, and some arbitrary date in the past. Then when you want to find the number of days between two specified dates, you can just use calculate the "day number" for both dates, and subtract them.
I have done that here, for a purely Gregorian calendar. This class is no good before the Gregorian cutover - I haven't tried to build a historically accurate Julian/Gregorian hybrid calendar, such as the JDK provides. And the arbitrary date in the past that it calculates day numbers from is 31 December, 2BC. This date, of course, isn't really part of the Gregorian calendar; but for our purposes here, it doesn't matter.
Since you're unlikely to encounter any dates before the Gregorian cutover, this class should be more than adequate for your purposes. I still recommend using the Period and LocalDate classes instead of this one, for production code. This is just here so you can see how to do the calculations.
public class GregorianDate {
private final int day;
private final int month;
private final int year;
private static final int[] DAYS_PER_MONTH = {0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
public GregorianDate(int day, int month, int year) {
this.day = day;
this.month = month;
this.year = year;
}
public boolean isValid() {
return month >= 1 && month <= 12 && day >= 1 && day <= daysThisMonth();
}
public static int daysBetween(GregorianDate from, GregorianDate to) {
return to.dayNumber() - from.dayNumber();
}
public static int daysBetween(int fromDay, int fromMonth, int fromYear, int toDay, int toMonth, int toYear) {
return daysBetween(new GregorianDate(fromDay, fromMonth, fromYear), new GregorianDate(toDay, toMonth, toYear));
}
private int daysThisMonth() {
return (isLeapYear() && month == 2) ? 29 : DAYS_PER_MONTH[month];
}
private int dayNumber() {
return year * 365 + leapYearsBefore() + daysInMonthsBefore() + day;
}
private boolean isLeapYear() {
return ( year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 ) || year % 400 == 0;
}
private int leapYearsBefore() {
return year / 4 - year / 100 + year / 400;
}
private int daysInMonthsBefore() {
switch(month) {
case 1:
return 0;
case 2:
return 31;
default:
// Start with the number in January and February combined
int toReturn = isLeapYear() ? 60 : 59;
for (int monthToConsider = 3; monthToConsider < month; monthToConsider++) {
toReturn += DAYS_PER_MONTH[monthToConsider];
}
return toReturn;
}
}
}
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
AMD Aims to Shake Up the Mainstream CPU Market Next Month
The first batch of Advanced Micro Devices '(NASDAQ: AMD) Ryzen PC CPUs launched on March 2 to mixed reviews . The Ryzen 7 series, all high-end chips aimed at competing with Intel 's(NASDAQ: INTC) best, offers impressive performance in applications capable of utilizing all eight cores. For the price, especially considering that Intel's 6-10 core Broadwell-E chips are extremely expensive, Ryzen 7 looks like a great choice for workstation and professional applications.
But Ryzen 7 fell short in applications where single-threaded performance mattered. While AMD's new chips offer a massive leap in performance over the previous generation, they're still no match for Intel in situations where more cores provide little to no benefit. Gaming is the most prominent example, with third-party reviews putting Intel's cheaper four-core i7-7700k ahead of even the most expensive Ryzen chip in nearly every gaming benchmark.
AMD will have another shot to impress gamers in April. The company plans to launch four mainstream Ryzen 5 CPUs on April 11, priced to compete with Intel's own mainstream offerings. While Ryzen 7 was meant to turn heads with its impressive multicore performance, Ryzen 5 may end up being more disruptive.
A look at Ryzen 5
AMD's Ryzen 5 chips will be priced between $169 and $249, comprised of two hex-core and two quad-core options. The $249 hex-core 1600X, essentially a Ryzen 7 1800X with two cores disabled, will be the most expensive, roughly the same price as Intel's i5-7600K. The $219 1600 will also feature six cores, but a lower clock speed will slow it down. The $189 1500X and $169 1400 will both come with four cores, going after Intel's lower-end offerings.
Independent third-party reviews are still weeks away, but it's safe to say that Ryzen 5 will wipe the floor with comparably priced Intel chips in scenarios that benefit from more cores. AMD claims that the 1600X beats Intel's 7600K by 69% in a cherrypicked multicore benchmark, not a surprise given that it has 50% more cores and triple the threads.
Single-threaded performance will still be an issue, just as it was with Ryzen 7. But the 1600X could end up far more attractive for PC gamers due to the lower price. While multithreaded performance will be worse than its high-end eight-core siblings, gaming performance shouldn't be too far off from the 1800X in many games. The gaming performance that the 1800X delivers isn't worth its $499 price tag. But a $249 price tag is a different story.
We'll have to wait and see how these new chips perform against Intel's products. If the 1600X provides similar gaming performance as the highest-end Ryzen chip, it will certainly shake up the mainstream PC CPU market. It will be no match in terms of raw single-threaded performance for Intel's more expensive i7-7700K, but the price-to-performance ratio could make the 1600X a popular chip.
The Ryzen train rolls on
AMD will further fill out its CPU lineup during the second half of the year with its Ryzen 3 line of low-end products. With prices topping out below $169 and likely featuring only quad-core chips, perhaps even dual-core chips, Ryzen 3 will be aimed at Intel's budget offerings.
Ryzen so far has been a mixed bag. There's no question that AMD has accomplished a lot, greatly improving performance over its previous line of chips. AMD claims that Ryzen achieves 52% higher instructions-per-clock, a measure of single-threaded performance, an impressive feat. But that gain also reflects how abysmal single-threaded performance has been on AMD chips in recent years.
Intel likely won't sit still if AMD begins to win considerable market share, so there's no guarantee that Ryzen will lead to the kind of profits that investors are expecting. AMD stock is up about 375% over the past year, reflecting a fervent optimism that may end up being a bit too intense. Ryzen is a big step forward for AMD, but whether it will be enough to justify those gains remains to be seen.
10 stocks we like better than Advanced Micro Devices
When investing geniuses David and Tom Gardner have a stock tip, it can pay to listen. After all, the newsletter they have run for over a decade, Motley Fool Stock Advisor , has tripled the market.*
David and Tom just revealed what they believe are the 10 best stocks for investors to buy right now... and Advanced Micro Devices wasn't one of them! That's right -- they think these 10 stocks are even better buys.
Click here to learn about these picks!
*Stock Advisor returns as of February 6, 2017
Timothy Green has no position in any stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool recommends Intel. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy .
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Which credit card reward is the best: Miles, points or cash back
Credit card rewards can be a great tool to get more out of your purchases — if you know what you're getting into. When you use your debit card, you get what you pay for and not much else. Credit cards, on the other hand, offer you perks such as cancellation insurance, purchase protection and, of course, ways to be rewarded for your purchases. Every dollar you spend leads to more rewards. Those rewards come in three different forms: Points, miles and cash back. You can find cards that offer a mix of miles or points and cash back, but most cards tend to focus on one type of reward. So it is important to know what works best for you. Cash-back cards offer users a percentage of money back on all of their purchases. Cash-back rewards are low maintenance and often give better returns for everyday purchases, but the rewards average around 1.25% of your total spend. These cards are good for those who prefer a more passive experience. Cards with points and miles allow users the most flexibility in redeeming their rewards but can require more effort to find the best value. They also tend to favor travel spending. The most important thing to remember is to pay your balance in full every month, because no amount of rewards will be enough to justify the average 17% interest rate for credit cards. Watch this video to find out more about how credit card rewards are calculated and for more tips on what type of card might be right for you. Disclosure: NBCUniversal and Comcast Ventures are investors in Acorns.
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
We also love yoga, hula-hooping (yep, great for the abs) and the good standby “Abs of Steel” videos, and trust me the outfits in the 1990’s video will increase the cardio aspect just from laughter alone! There are also a slew of videos online, find one you love and can stick to every few days and you’ll be toning as you shed the unwanted belly fat.
If you don’t have an established exercise routine, simply walking is the best first step toward weight loss. “Walking is a pretty good entry point for people,” says Gagliardi. This is particularly true if you have been out of the gym for a while and want to ease back into a workout routine. One small study published in The Journal of Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry found that obese women who did a walking program for 50 to 70 minutes three days per week for 12 weeks significantly slashed their visceral fat compared to a sedentary control group.
Studies have shown that sugary beverages, sweets, and food made with refined flour is one of the biggest culprits of visceral fat. Limit or cut out these foods to lose belly fat in a week. Added sugar is very unhealthy. Studies have shown that it has harmful effects on metabolic health. sugar is half glucose and half fructose, and fructose can only be metabolized by the liver in any significant amount. When you consume too much sugar, the liver gets overloaded with fructose and is forced to turn it all into fat. Studies have shown that excess sugar due to a large amount of sugar can increase accumulation of fat in the body.
Stress skyrockets your levels of cortisol, often called “the belly fat” hormone because it signals to the body to store fat around your waist. Add the daily stressors of living our modern lifestyle and you can see how cortisol can be constantly coursing through your veins. This perma-stress mode isn’t good for a lot of healthy reasons, your tummy being just one of them, so it’s important to take time every day to de-stress. Yoga, meditation, walking, journaling, doing a hands-on hobby, or playing a musical instrument are all great time-tested methods. (Hint: Know what isn’t? Watching television. The boob tube actually increases your levels of cortisol!)
A 2014 Harvard study found that men who did twenty minutes of daily weight training had less of an increase in age-related abdominal fat compared with men who spent the same amount of time doing aerobic activities, and other studies have shown similar levels of success when guys hit the gym to cut down on fat. The implication: Guys can cut belly fat most efficiently with weight training.
You might think passing on lunch will save calories and trim your middle, but you're actually trending toward the opposite. Going long periods of time without eating can send your body into starvation mode, meaning it starts storing everything you've already eaten as fat since it doesn't know when you're going to feed it again. And guess where that chub piles on first? Yup. Your midsection. Experts say having a small meal or snack every three hours will keep your body fueled and in prime calorie-torching mode all day.
Burning body and belly fat with cardio exercises is half the battle. Next is strengthening abdominal muscles so you have something to show once the fat is shed. In a recent study, ab exercises were ranked from best to worst. The bicycle exercise ranked as #1 because it requires abdominal stabilization, body rotation, and more abdominal muscle activity.
A little garlic in your meals could mean a lot less weight around your middle. The results of a Korean study found that mice given a high-fat diet supplemented with garlic lost significantly more weight and abdominal fat than those who just ate fatty foods. Even better, they also improved their liver health, making it easier to stay healthy and burn off that excess fat in the long term. For more flavorful ways to make your food more enjoyable, turn to the 20 Spicy Recipes That Fire Up Your Metabolism and watch those pounds melt away.
This content is strictly the opinion of the author, and is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to provide medical advice or to take the place of medical advice or treatment from a personal physician. All readers of this content are advised to consult their doctors or qualified health professionals regarding specific health questions.
If you don’t have an established exercise routine, simply walking is the best first step toward weight loss. “Walking is a pretty good entry point for people,” says Gagliardi. This is particularly true if you have been out of the gym for a while and want to ease back into a workout routine. One small study published in The Journal of Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry found that obese women who did a walking program for 50 to 70 minutes three days per week for 12 weeks significantly slashed their visceral fat compared to a sedentary control group.
Many people chew gum as a way to stifle cravings or prevent mindless eating but this tactic may have an unfortunate side effect: belly bloat. Everyone naturally swallows a small amount of air when they chew but it’s magnified for people who chew gum, which causes gas and bloating. In addition, some artificial sweeteners have been shown to increase your appetite for junk food, so gum could be increasing your waistline on two fronts.
Whether you’re overworked or overwhelmed, chronic stress may be one factor contributing to resistant belly fat. Prolonged levels of the stress hormone cortisol tend to spark your appetite, increase your cravings for comfort foods, slow down your metabolism, and promote abdominal fat storage. Finding calming activities, such as meditation, deep breathing, or a soothing bath, will help you manage and reduce your day-to-day stress and help you lose belly fat to boot. Don’t miss these ways to blast belly fat in just one day.
Protein drinks are great ways to get a monster dose of belly-busting nutrition into a delicious, simple snack. But most commercial drinks are filled with unpronounceable chemicals that can upset our gut health and cause inflammation and bloat. And the high doses of whey used to boost protein levels can amplify the belly-bloating effect. The Zero Belly solution: Try vegan protein, which will give you the same fat-burning, hunger-squelching, muscle-building benefits, without the bloat. (Here's a complete guide to easy-to-digest plant proteins.)
Fennel, peppermint, and ginger have all been shown in research studies to have calming effects on the belly. They work by enhancing digestive enzymes so your food gets moved through your system faster. And faster-moving food means a flatter tummy. In addition, peppermint reduces cramping and gas, ginger helps with nausea and inflammation, and fennel is a diuretic to help you stop retaining water.
IBS, or irritable bowel syndrome, is the most common gastrointestinal disorder. IBS symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain, and bloating—So. Much. Bloating. While the causes aren’t all known, it’s thought to be linked to lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, hormones, and stress. Sufferers often find that making changes in these areas eliminates or reduces their IBS (and their stomach circumference!). Here’s how these 10 myths about fat can keep you from losing weight.
Step Away From The Carbs: The science behind weight loss, the recipes to make it happen. Beautiful colour photographs of every breakfast, lunch, dinner, snack and even drinks. Step Away From The Carbs: The science behind weight loss, the recipes to make it happen. Beautiful colour photographs of every breakfast, lunch, dinner, snack and even drinks. eBook: Stephen Thomas, Jane Thomas: Amazon.co.uk: Kindle Store
Add a cup of low-fat milk, a part-skim mozzarella stick, or a half cup of low-sodium cottage cheese to breakfast, and you may have a belly-busting win. While lots of research links calcium with lower body weights, results from a 2014 study suggest that calcium-containing foods may reduce waist circumference in those genetically predisposed to carrying weight in their midsection.
Protein drinks are great ways to get a monster dose of belly-busting nutrition into a delicious, simple snack. But most commercial drinks are filled with unpronounceable chemicals that can upset our gut health and cause inflammation and bloat. And the high doses of whey used to boost protein levels can amplify the belly-bloating effect. The Zero Belly solution: Try vegan protein, which will give you the same fat-burning, hunger-squelching, muscle-building benefits, without the bloat. (Here's a complete guide to easy-to-digest plant proteins.)
That’s because women tend to store more temporary fat in their bellies. “The fat stores are gained and lost,” says Lawrence Cheskin, MD, chair of the department of nutrition and food studies at George Mason University and director of the Johns Hopkins Weight Management Center. “By and large, belly fat comes off easier in the sense that it comes off first. That’s where a good amount of the fat is lost from.”
It has been shown to reduce the craving by up 60%, boost metabolism by 80 to 100 calories per day and help you to eat up to 440 calories per day. if your goal is weight loss and lose belly fat in a week, then adding protein is the single most effective change you can do to your diet. It will not only help you to lose weight but it will also help you to avoid regaining weight if you ever decide to abandon your weight loss effort.
Leafy Greens – Help you feel satisfied longer, boost your metabolism and turn off your hunger receptors. You will eat less and lose more belly fat just by increasing your leafy greens! They’re low in calories and high in fiber, making them the perfect weight loss food. Not a fan? Try one of our yummy green smoothies. Examples include spinach, romaine lettuce, kale, bok choy, arugula, chard, and mustard greens.
Plus, a 2015 study from the Annals of Internal Medicine showed that for those who have a hard time following a strict diet, simplifying the weight loss approach by just increasing fiber intake can still lead to weight loss. Women should aim for at least 25 grams of fiber per day (based on a 2,000-calorie) diet, according to the most recent U.S. Dietary Guidelines. Not sure where to start? Check out our step-by-step guide to increasing your fiber intake.
Say cheese! Adding some extra calcium to your diet could be the key to getting that flat stomach you’ve been dreaming about. Over just 12 months, researchers at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville found that obese female study subjects who upped their calcium intake shed 11 pounds of body fat without other major dietary modifications. To keep your calcium choices healthy, try mixing it up between dairy sources, calcium-rich leafy greens, fatty fish, nuts, and seeds.
×
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Page:Poems upon Several Occasions.djvu/37
Rh Of radiant Ormond, only fit to be The Successor of beauteous Ossory. Richmond's a Title that but nam'd implies Majestick Graces and victorious Eyes; Holmes and St. Albans rich in Charms appear; Hyde Venus is, the Graces are Kildare: By Essex, and fair Rutenberg, we find That Beauty to no Climate is confin'd. Rupert, of Royal Blood, with modest Grace Blushes to hear the Triumphs of her Face. Careless, but yet secure of Conquest still, Lu'son unaiming, never fails to kill, Guiltless of Pride, to captivate, or shine, Bright without Art, she wounds without Design. But Wyndham like a Tyrant throws the Dart, And takes a cruel Pleasure in the Smart; Proud of the Ravage that her Beauties make, Delights in Wounds, and kills for killing-sake; Asserting the Dominion of her Eyes, As Heroes fight, for Glory, not for Prize. The skilful Muse's earliest Care has been The Praise of never-fading Mazarin; The Poet, and his Theme, in spight of Time, For ever young, enjoy an endless Prime.
Rh
|
WIKI
|
Page:Mainland Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement) Ordinance (Cap. 597).pdf/7
MAINLAND JUDGMENTS (RECIPROCAL ENFORCEMENT) ORDINANCE PART 2 5. Application for registration of Mainland judgments
(1) A judgment creditor under a Mainland judgment may apply to the Court of First Instance within the time limit specified in section 7 to have the judgment registered in the Court of First Instance.
(2) On an application made under subsection (1), the Court of First Instance shall order the Mainland judgment to be registered in accordance with this Ordinance if the judgment creditor has proved to the satisfaction of the Court of First Instance that the following requirements are satisfied—
* (a) the judgment is given on or after the date of the commencement of this Ordinance by—
* (i) a chosen court which is a designated court;
* (ii) a designated court upon a transfer of the case under the law of the Mainland from a chosen court;
* (iii) a designated court upon an appeal against a judgment of the case given by—
* (A) a chosen court; or
* (B) a court to which the case has been transferred under the law of the Mainland from a chosen court; or
* (iv) a designated court upon a retrial of the case which has been tried in—
* (A) a chosen court; or
* (B) a court to which the case has been transferred under the law of the Mainland from a chosen court;
* (b) the relevant choice of Mainland court agreement is made on or after the date of the commencement of this Ordinance;
* (c) the judgment is final and conclusive as between the parties to the judgment;
* (d) the judgment is enforceable in the Mainland; and
* (e) the judgment orders the payment of a sum of money (not being a sum payable in respect of taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty).
|
WIKI
|
When can you go to the dentist while pregnant?
Can I get my teeth cleaned? Treatment during every trimester is safe. However, the second trimester is the safest trimester in which to get dental treatment. The third trimester is safe, but the patient might have a hard time laying back for extended period of time.
Is it OK to go to dentist while pregnant?
Getting a checkup during pregnancy is safe and important for your dental health. Not only can you take care of cleanings and procedures like cavity fillings before your baby is born, but your dentist can help you with any pregnancy-related dental symptoms you might be experiencing.
Can I go to the dentist at 7 weeks pregnant?
Routine dental care can be done any time during pregnancy. Any urgent procedure can be done, as well. All elective dental procedures, however, should be postponed until after the delivery.
Can you go to the dentist at 7 months pregnant?
Most dental services and procedures, including dental x-rays, tooth extractions, dental fillings, and dental cleanings, can be done during pregnancy safely, with tooth extractions recommended during your second or third trimester. Fillings should be discussed with your dentist beforehand.
Can I go to the dentist first trimester?
Is it safe to visit the dentist while pregnant? Yes! You should continue going to your dentist during your pregnancy. Studies have shown that women who get their teeth cleaned regularly before they’re pregnant don’t always visit their dentist for a tooth cleaning during pregnancy.
IT IS INTERESTING: Frequent question: How long can a 2 month old go without food?
Can you get a tooth pulled at 37 weeks pregnant?
Generally, yes — in fact, most dental procedures are safe during pregnancy, except for maybe whitening. This includes wisdom teeth extraction, though most dentists prefer to postpone this type of procedure out of an abundance of caution as long as the wisdom teeth aren’t causing complications.
Is toothache during pregnancy normal?
As your baby develops in the womb, your hormone levels increase, which can lead to tooth pain and other concerning dental symptoms, such as: Plaque buildup – Your body’s natural response to fighting off plaque fluctuates during pregnancy, mostly due to hormonal changes.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VI/Peter of Alexandria/Canonical Epistle/Canon IX
Canon IX.
With those also who, as it were from sleep, themselves leap forth upon a contest which is travailing long and likely to be protracted, and draw upon themselves the temptations as it were of a sea-fight, and the inundations of many waves, or rather are for the brethren kindling the coals of the sinners, with them also we must communicate, inasmuch as they come to this in the name of Christ, even though they take no heed unto His words, when He teaches us “to pray that we enter not into temptation;” and again in His prayer, He says to His Father, “and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.” And perhaps also they know not that the Master of the House and our Great Teacher often retired from those who would lay snares for Him, and that sometimes He walked not openly because of them; and even when the time of His passion drew on, He delivered not up Himself, but waited until they came to Him with “swords and staves.” He said to them therefore, “Are ye come out, as against a thief with swords and staves, for to take Me?” And they “delivered Him,” He says, “to Pilate.” As it was with Him it happens to those who walk keeping Him before them as an example, recollecting His divine words, in which, confirming us, He speaks of persecution: “Take heed unto yourselves, for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues.” Now, He says, they will deliver you up, and not, ye shall deliver up yourselves; and “ye shall be brought before rulers and kings for My sake,” but not, ye shall bring yourselves, for He would have us pass from place to place as long as there are those who persecute us for His name’s sake; even as again we hear Him saying, “But when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another.” For He would not have us go over to the ministers and satellites of the devil, that we might not be the cause to them of a manifold death, inasmuch as thus we should be compelling them both to be harsher, and to carry out their deadly works, but He would have us to wait, and to take heed to ourselves, to watch and to pray, lest we enter into temptation. Thus first Stephen, pressing on His footsteps, suffered martyrdom, being apprehended in Jerusalem by the transgressors, and being brought before the council, he was stoned, and glorified for the name of Christ, praying with the words, “Lord, lay not this sin to their charge.” Thus James, in the second place, being of Herod apprehended, was beheaded with the sword. Thus Peter, the first of the apostles, having been often apprehended, and thrown into prison, and treated with igominy, was last of all crucified at Rome. Likewise also, the renowned Paul having been oftentimes delivered up and brought in peril of death, having endured many evils, and making his boast in his numerous persecutions and afflictions, in the same city was also himself beheaded; who, in the things in which he gloried, in these also ended his life; and at Damascus he was let down by night in a basket by the wall, and escaped the hands of him who sought to take him. For what they set before themselves, first and foremost, was to do the work of an evangelist, and to teach the Word of God, in which, confirming the brethren, that they might continue in the faith, they said this also, “that we must out of much tribulation enter into the kingdom of God.” For they sought not what was profitable for them, but that which was profitable for the many, that they might be saved, and that they might be enabled to say unto them many things conducing to this, that they might act suitably to the Word of God, “unless,” as says the apostle, “the time should fail me in speaking.”
. Those who have but just arisen from sleep, and especially if they were weighed down with a heavy and profound sleep, have no constant reason, but one perturbed and unsteady. To such as these this blessed martyr likens those who, not in due order, but rashly and inconsiderately, thrust themselves upon the contest, which is as it were in travail, and delayed and protracted, inasmuch as it has not yet burst forth openly, but meditates and delays, hesitating in truth to bring forth the combatants, who bring temptation upon themselves, or draw it towards them. Now these especially are, for the rest of the faithful, kindling the coals of the sinners, that is to say, the punishment of the tyrants. But although he reprehends those who act so, yet he enjoins the faithful nevertheless to communicate with them, because on account of Christ they have undergone the contest, even though they have ignored His teaching, for He teaches them to pray that they may not be tempted; and He did not deliver up Himself, but was delivered up; and we are not to go over to the tormentors, that we may not be the cause of bringing upon them the guilt of many murders, as those do who incite them to inflict punishment upon the godly. The canon brings forward different examples from Holy Scripture.
. Those who have recently arisen from sleep, especially if they were oppressed with a heavy sleep, have no steady reason, but one inconstant and perturbed. To men of this sort this holy martyr likens those who rush upon the contest, that is, those who, not in due course, but rashly and inconsiderately, intrude themselves upon it. It is, as it were, in travail, and delayed and protracted, inasmuch as it has not yet burst forth openly, but meditates and delays, and hesitates to bring forth the combatants, who bring temptation upon themselves, that is, draw it towards themselves, or rather, for the rest of the faithful, kindle the coals of the sinners, the torments, namely, which are by the tyrants inflicted. But although he finds fault with those who act in this way, he nevertheless decrees that the faithful must communicate with them, because in the name of Christ they come forward to this, trusting, that is, in Christ, or in His name demanding this trial for themselves, even though, perhaps, they are not obeying His precepts; for He taught them to pray that they might not be tempted; and they are ignoring the fact too that the Lord retired from those who were laying snares for Him, and was wont sometimes to walk not openly; neither did He give up Himself to His passion, but was given up by others; and He commanded His disciples, when their enemies persecuted them, to fly from city to city, and not of their own accord to give themselves up to the tormentors, lest they should be the cause of bringing the guilt of much blood upon their heads, irritating them as it were to inflict punishment upon godly men. And he brings forward the example of the apostles, of Stephen, of James, and the chiefs of the order, Peter and Paul.
|
WIKI
|
Ronald N. Young
Ronald Nelson Young (born October 19, 1940) is an American consultant, teacher, and politician. He was a member of the Maryland State Senate from 2011 to 2023, and previously served as a mayor of Frederick, Maryland, serving from 1974 to 1990.
Background
Ronald Young was born in Frederick, Maryland and was raised in Frederick. He attended and graduated from Frederick High School. Young attended Frederick Community College and graduated with an Associate in Arts degree. He then attended the University of Maryland, College Park in College Park, Maryland and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in history and government.
Young completed his formal education by earning a Masters of Education degree in administration and supervision from Western Maryland College (later McDaniel College) in Westminster, Maryland.
Public office
Young became involved in local politics in the late 1960s, primarily in the Frederick County Young Democrats organization along with several friends, among them Galen R. Clagett. Young and Clagett both ran for the Frederick City Board of Aldermen in 1969, and Young was elected and served on the Board of Aldermen from 1970 to 1974 during mayor E. Paul Magaha's administration.
Mayor of Frederick
In 1973, Young ran for mayor of Frederick. He defeated former mayor and serving alderman Donald B. Rice in the Democratic primary, and then defeated serving alderman Glenmore Rice in the general election. Young assumed the role of mayor in 1974 at the age of 34. Young was re-elected as mayor in 1977, 1981 and 1985. In 1989, he was defeated by Paul P. Gordon in the general election in a contested election, ending sixteen years of service as Frederick's mayor.
During Young's years as mayor, he pursued various projects, including the Carroll Creek flood control project, the Market Street underground wiring project, the Weinberg Center for the Arts, Harry Grove Stadium, Clustered Spires Golf Course, and the revitalization of downtown Frederick.
Later years
Young worked in commercial real estate, as a part-time college instructor at Frederick Community College, and as a consultant in the years immediately following his defeat as mayor.
In 1991, he worked for the State of Maryland in the Maryland Department of Planning. Young later served under Governor Parris Glendening as the Deputy Secretary of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources and served as the Deputy Secretary of the Maryland Department of Planning until leaving in 2000 after a dispute with Glendening.
In 2001, Young accepted the position of town manager of Indian Head, Maryland. He served until 2005, when he decided to make one more run for mayor of Frederick.
After his defeat for the mayoralty of Frederick City by William J. Holtzinger, Young maintained a semi-retired lifestyle. He is still involved in commercial real estate, consulting, novel-writing, and painting.
In the Senate
In 2010, Young decided to run for Maryland State Senator for District 3. He defeated Don DeArmon in the Democratic primary in September 2010, and defeated incumbent Senator Alex X. Mooney in the general election in November 2010. Young was sworn in on January 12, 2011 and appointed to the Senate's Education, Health and Environmental Affairs Committee. Senator Young also serves on the Alcoholic Beverages, Environment, and Labor, Licensing, and Regulations Subcommittees.
In the 2012 legislative session his social media bill (SB 434) provided the model language for the federal legislation on the same issue.
Senator Young has voted in favor of gay marriage, the DREAM act, congressional redistricting, prohibiting smoking in a car where children are present, and to expand gambling.
During the 2013 legislative session Young introduced a bill that asks drivers who are renewing or obtaining a driver’s license if they want to opt out of the organ donor program, a change from the current system that asks drivers if they’d like to become a donor.
In 2014, Young was re-elected to the State Senate. Senator Young sits on the Education, Health, and Environmental Affairs Committee and is Chair of the Comptrollers Issues Subcommittee which deals with Alcohol, Labor, Licensing, and Regulations. He also serves on the Education Subcommittee as well as the Joint Committee on Program Open Space and Agricultural Preservation. Senator Young is a Senate Representative to the Financial Education and Capability Commission and serves on the National Conference of State Legislation's Natural Resource and Infrastructure Committee.
In 2021, Young announced that he would not seek another term on the State Senate. He endorsed his wife, Karen Lewis Young, to succeed him in representing Maryland's 3rd legislative district.
Affiliations
Young is a member of a number of organizations: 1968–Present he helped create and serves on the board of the Frederick Community Action Agency, 2006–present he is on the board of directors for Goodwill Industries, 2008–present he is on the advisory board for Maryland Shakespeare Theater, the president of East Frederick Rising from 2006-2010, and a member of the following organizations: Rotary Club of Carroll Creek, 1000 Friends of Maryland, American Planning Association, American Legion, Chesapeake Bay Foundation, Fraternal Order of Elks, Fraternal Order of Owls, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), U.S. Tennis Association, and the Urban Land Institute. Ron Young is also the former President of Delaplaine Visual Arts Center, the Frederick Arts Council, and the Frederick Festival of the Arts. He is a former trustee for the Maryland Art Place and a former member of the Forum for Rural Maryland, Rural Legacy Board, board of directors, and the Way Station. Other organizations that he has belonged to are Urban Land Institute; American Planning Association; Elks; Fraternal Order of Owls; NAACP; and the American Legion.
|
WIKI
|
diziaq diziaq - 7 months ago 41
Scala Question
Using lambda with generic type in Scala
The second argument of
myFunc
is a function with complex arguments:
def myFunc(list : List[String],
combine: (Map[String, ListBuffer[String]], String, String) => Unit) = {
// body of myFunc is just a stub and doesn't matter
val x = Map[String, ListBuffer[String]]()
list.foreach ((e:String) => {
val spl = e.split(" ")
combine(x, spl(0), spl(1))
})
x
}
I need to pass second argument to
myFunc
, so it can be used with various types
A, B
insted of specific
String, ListBuffer[String]
.
def myFunc(list : List[A], combine: (Map[A, B], A, A) => Unit) = {
val x = Map[A, B]() // can this constructor be called with generic types?
list.foreach(e => {
combine(x, e)
})
}
How to declare and call such construct?
Answer
You can do the following,
def myFunc[A, B](list : List[A], combine: (Map[A, B], A, A) => Unit) = {
val x = Map[A, B]()
list.foreach (e => combine(x, e, e))
x
}
Ad use it like
collect[String, Int](List("1","2","3"), (obj, k, v) => obj.put(k, v.toInt) )
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Page:The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, Volume 1.djvu/66
30
PON the death of sir William Temple, Swift immediately removed to London; where his first care was to discharge the trust reposed in him, that of publishing a correct edition of sir William Temple's works; which he effected as speedily as possible, and presented them to king William, with a short dedication written by himself, as publisher. He thought he could not pay a more acceptable compliment to the king, than by dedicating to him the posthumous works of a man, for whom, from his earliest days, when prince of Orange, he had professed the highest friendship and esteem; and with whom he lived, after his arrival at the crown of England, on the most intimate footing; frequently visiting sir William in his retreat, after he had found his endeavours vain to draw him out of it, by the tempting offer of making him his first minister. There was another reason too, which must have made the publication of these works peculiarly acceptable to the king; which was, that some of the most important transactions mentioned in those writings, were relative to himself; and many personal anecdotes with regard to him, were now brought to light, which could have been disclosed by no one but sir William, and which put the character of Rh
|
WIKI
|
%0 Journal Article %T Electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde on novel composite of nickel/triton-x100/poly(o-aminophenol-co-aniline) %J Journal of Applied Chemical Research %I Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch %Z 2008-3815 %A Saeedi Kenari, Sepide %A Fathi, Shahla %A Chekin, Fereshteh %D 2019 %\ 09/01/2019 %V 13 %N 4 %P 70-82 %! Electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde on novel composite of nickel/triton-x100/poly(o-aminophenol-co-aniline) %K Electropolymerization %K Triton-X100 %K Electrocatalytic oxidation %K Nickel %K Formaldehyde %R %X Oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) is very important, owing to its use in fuel cells. Modification of electrodes surfaces is an excellent way to decrease the overpotentials as well as to increase the current density of the voltammetric response.pt as most efficient metal catalyst can easily be poisoned by product of oxidation and also it has high cost. In this work an efficient and low cost electrocatalytic system for electrochemical oxidation of formaldehyde in alkaline solution is introduced. For preparation of this modified electrode, copolymeric film on the surface of carbon paste electrode was formed by successive potential cycling in solution containing o-aminophenol and aniline as monomer and Triton X-100 as a surfactant. Ni(II) ions were incorporated into the electrode surface by immersion of the copolymeric modified electrode in 0.1 M Ni(II) ion solution. The influences of different parameters such as mol ratio of monomers in copolymer formation and the number of potential cycling for copolymer formation on electrocatalytic ability of the modified electrode for formaldehyde oxidation have been investigated and optimized.Results show that modified electrode with copolymeric films, show higher catalytic effect for formaldehyde oxidation respect to pure homopolymers (polyaniline or poly(o-aminophenol)). Also addition of Triton -X100 in electropolymerization step, considerably increased catalytic ability of the modified electrode for formaldehyde oxidation. This modified electrode displays a highly efficient electrocatalytic activity toward oxidation of formaldehyde. The current density of 11 mA cm-2 is greater than most of the previously reported electrodes. %U http://jacr.kiau.ac.ir/article_667590_428f305a8c737ad5136df6ca1f51f2b6.pdf
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
RNA - Key Discoveries in RNA Biology
Key Discoveries in RNA Biology
Further information: History of RNA biology
Research on RNA has led to many important biological discoveries and numerous Nobel Prizes. Nucleic acids were discovered in 1868 by Friedrich Miescher, who called the material 'nuclein' since it was found in the nucleus. It was later discovered that prokaryotic cells, which do not have a nucleus, also contain nucleic acids. The role of RNA in protein synthesis was suspected already in 1939. Severo Ochoa won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Medicine (shared with Arthur Kornberg) after he discovered an enzyme that can synthesize RNA in the laboratory. However, the enzyme discovered by Ochoa (polynucleotide phosphorylase) was later shown to be responsible for RNA degradation, not RNA synthesis.
The sequence of the 77 nucleotides of a yeast tRNA was found by Robert W. Holley in 1965, winning Holley the 1968 Nobel Prize in Medicine (shared with Har Gobind Khorana and Marshall Nirenberg). In 1967, Carl Woese hypothesized that RNA might be catalytic and suggested that the earliest forms of life (self-replicating molecules) could have relied on RNA both to carry genetic information and to catalyze biochemical reactions—an RNA world.
During the early 1970s retroviruses and reverse transcriptase were discovered, showing for the first time that enzymes could copy RNA into DNA (the opposite of the usual route for transmission of genetic information). For this work, David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco and Howard Temin were awarded a Nobel Prize in 1975. In 1976, Walter Fiers and his team determined the first complete nucleotide sequence of an RNA virus genome, that of bacteriophage MS2.
In 1977, introns and RNA splicing were discovered in both mammalian viruses and in cellular genes, resulting in a 1993 Nobel to Philip Sharp and Richard Roberts. Catalytic RNA molecules (ribozymes) were discovered in the early 1980s, leading to a 1989 Nobel award to Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman. In 1990 it was found in petunia that introduced genes can silence similar genes of the plant's own, now known to be a result of RNA interference.
At about the same time, 22 nt long RNAs, now called microRNAs, were found to have a role in the development of C. elegans. Studies on RNA interference gleaned a Nobel Prize for Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 2006, and another Nobel was awarded for studies on transcription of RNA to Roger Kornberg in the same year. The discovery of gene regulatory RNAs has led to attempts to develop drugs made of RNA, such as siRNA, to silence genes.
Read more about this topic: RNA
Famous quotes containing the words biology, key and/or discoveries:
Nothing can be more incorrect than the assumption one sometimes meets with, that physics has one method, chemistry another, and biology a third.
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–95)
The key to the age may be this, or that, or the other, as the young orators describe; the key to all ages is—Imbecility: imbecility in the vast majority of men, at all times, and even in heroes, in all but certain eminent moments: victims of gravity, customs and fear. This gives force to the strong,—that the multitude have no habit of self-reliance or original action.
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
Ah, I fancy it is just the same with most of what you call your “emancipation.” You have read yourself into a number of new ideas and opinions. You have got a sort of smattering of recent discoveries in various fields—discoveries that seem to overthrow certain principles which have hitherto been held impregnable and unassailable. But all this has only been a matter of intellect, Miss West—superficial acquisition. It has not passed into your blood.
Henrik Ibsen (1828–1906)
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
User:FoxFanatic234
Hi! I'm just a curious 10yr old who LOVES to learn! Please share this wonderful experience with me!
|
WIKI
|
Donald Pigott
Christopher Donald Pigott (7 April 1928 – 11 September 2022) was a British botanist who was the fourth Director, Cambridge University Botanic Garden (1984–1995), succeeding Max Walters.
Life and career
Pigott was born on 7 April 1928. He was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, from 1946, where he was taught by two previous Directors, Humphrey Gilbert-Carter (1921–1950) and Max Walters (1973–1983). Forming a friendship with the latter he was persuaded to spend the summer of 1949 in Uppsala and Helsinki universities where he was impressed by the mapping of the Scandinavian flora and returned to work with Walters on similar projects for the British Isles and used this method in his PhD thesis on Thyme. Under Professor Harry Godwin he also worked on the design of the Botanic Garden's ecological mound.
After leaving Cambridge he moved to Sheffield University as Lecturer in Botany. He returned to Cambridge in 1984 to become Director of the Garden. On leaving Cambridge in 1995 he was succeeded by John Parker and was appointed to the chair in Biology at Lancaster University and subsequently as Emeritus professor. He married fellow Cambridge botanist Sheila Megaw with whom he collaborated.
Pigott died in Cartmel, Cumbria on 11 September 2022, at the age of 94.
Work
During Pigott's tenure as Director, the great storm of 1987 caused considerable damage to the Garden. In 1990 the University carried out a review which suggested the research aspects of the garden were of decreasing relevance as plant sciences shifted in emphasis from whole plant botany to the cellular and molecular level. Pigott vigorously and successfully defended the Garden's scientific value.
Pigott was known for his work on the genus Tilia (lime trees, Malvaceae), and was the botanical authority for several taxa in that genus, such as:
* Tilia amurensis subsp. taquetii (C.K. Schneid.) Pigott
* Tilia dasystyla subsp. caucasica (V.Engl.) Pigott
Pigott also carried out a number of botanical expeditions with his wife and with Anthony Hall.
|
WIKI
|
When export a PST using the New-MailboxExportRequest command, a UNC path is a mandatory parameter to set the target folder where the PST file will be saved.
Probably, that folder will not have the correct to permissions to allow Exchange to write into it, so the command would return this error:
[PS] C:\> New-MailboxExportRequest "user1" -FilePath "\\MYSERVER\PST\user1.pst"
Unable to open PST file '\\MYSERVER\PST\user1.pst'. Error details: Access to the path '\\MYSERVER\PST\user1.pst' is denied.
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [New-MailboxExportRequest], RemotePermanentException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : [Server=MYEMAILSERVER,RequestId=23983583-a349-4c96-bb11-edb7d52b1a0a,TimeStamp=4/4/2016 6:55:33 AM] [FailureCategory=Cmdlet-RemmanentException] 6DE05BB8,Microsoft.Exchange.Management.RecipientTasks.NewMailboxExportRequest
To solve the problem, we have to grant permissions to the "Exchange Trusted Subsystem" group to allow it to read/write in that folder:
Exchange - Access to the path is denied - New-MailboxExportRequest_1
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Talk:The World Needs a Hero
No basis at all
This album has many elements from Megadeth's '80s era. It's not hard rock. And without a verifiable citation, it should be taken down. Megadeth is a thrash metal and heavy metal band. If you people want "hard rock", go listen to Metallica's '90s stuff and see if it compares to anything except "Risk." —Preceding unsigned comment added by MetalKommandant (talk • contribs) 11:42, 26 September 2008 (UTC)
Japanese bonus
Coming home is the third track, don't change it to 13th.Conservoman (talk) 17:51, 7 July 2009 (UTC)
Vic
Two comments regarding Vic. First, the article here states "Additionally, mascot Vic Rattlehead appears on the cover of a Megadeth album for the first time since Rust in Peace (1990)." Check the Talk tab of Countdown https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Countdown_to_Extinction - not a real good source, but it presents reasonable doubt, your honor.
Second, the article here states "The album cover by Hugh Syme shows mascot Vic Rattlehead breaking out of Mustaine." Sorry, Dave has long red hair while they man on the cover has short dark hair, looking nothing at all like DM. I tried following the link to the reference, but it is broken. If someone has a good link then I'll gladly admit that I'm wrong on either or both of these points.
Cheers! FiggazWithAttitude (talk) 14:46, 10 April 2019 (UTC)
* – I dunno.. The hair is likely intended to look bloodied up or wet, plus the image is dark overall. Facially, that looks like Mustaine to me. Mac Dreamstate (talk) 15:23, 15 April 2019 (UTC)
|
WIKI
|
Page:Atlantis - The Antediluvian World (1882).djvu/418
400 a vast extent of territory, and which is still a living tongue in Peru and Bolivia, is really a branch of the great Aryan or
speech. I quote Andrew Lang's summary of the proofs on this point:
"Señor Lopez's view, that the Peruvians were Aryans who left the parent stock long before the Teutonic or Hellenic races entered Europe, is supported by arguments drawn from
|
WIKI
|
Avanzada
Status of DNA Barcoding Coverage for the Tropical Western Atlantic Shorefishes and Reef Fishes
Periodo de realización: 2015/06/01 al 2015/01/01
Tipo: Artículo científico
Lugar(es) de estudio: Chetumal, Q.R., México
Resumen: "Background: Barcode coverage is difficult to assess for large regions due to incomplete species lists, inaccurate identifications, and cryptic diversity. However, as coverage approaches completion, it becomes possible to critically evaluate identifications and validate barcode lineages. We collate the results of the FISH-BOL barcode project and assess coverage for each family of bony shorefishes and reef fishes from the tropical western Atlantic Ocean. Methodology: We identify to species the public and private barcode lineages from the region on BOLD, confirming identifications by vouchers, phylogeographic deduction, and the process of elimination. The lineages and BINs are assigned to species from a comprehensive species list for the region. Results: We estimate 1029 of 1311 total bony shorefish species in the region are barcoded (78.5%). For reef-associated fishes, 902 of 1083 species are barcoded (83.3%). About 70 of the 181 species not yet barcoded are endemic species from Florida/ Gulf of Mexico or Venezuela, leaving about 90% of the central Caribbean reef fish species barcoded to date. Most species are represented by one barcode lineage, but among the gobioids and blennioids there are many more lineages (BINs) than species, indicating substantial cryptic diversity. Conclusions: As barcode coverage for a region approaches completion, a robust assessment of coverage can be made. The reef fish fauna of the tropical western Atlantic now has the highest coverage for a large marine area, from about 80 to 90% depending on definitions and geographic limits."
Información de ECOSUR
["18.5001889,-88.296146"]
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Parasitic disease
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Parasitic diseases)
Jump to: navigation, search
Parasitic disease
Classification and external resources
MeSH D010272
A parasitic disease is an infectious disease caused or transmitted by a parasite. Many parasites do not cause diseases. Parasitic diseases can affect practically all living organisms, including plants and mammals. The study of parasitic diseases is called parasitology.
Some parasites like Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp. can cause disease directly, but other organisms can cause disease by the toxins that they produce.
Terminology[edit]
Although organisms such as bacteria function as parasites, the usage of the term "parasitic disease" is usually more restricted. The three main types of organisms causing these conditions are protozoa (causing protozoan infection), helminths (helminthiasis), and ectoparasites.[1] Protozoa and helminths are usually endoparasites (usually living inside the body of the host), while ectoparasites usually live on the surface of the host. Occasionally the definition of "parasitic disease" is restricted to diseases due to endoparasites.[2]
Signs and symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of parasites may not always be obvious. However, such symptoms may mimic anemia or a hormone deficiency.[3] Some of the symptoms caused by several worm infestation can include itching affecting the anus or the vaginal area, abdominal pain, weight loss, increased appetite, bowel obstructions, diarrhea, and vomiting eventually leading to dehydration, sleeping problems, worms present in the vomit or stools, anemia, aching muscles or joints, general malaise, allergies, fatigue, nervousness. Symptoms may also be confused with pneumonia or food poisoning.[4]
The effects caused by parasitic diseases range from mild discomfort to death. The nematode parasites Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale cause human hookworm infection, which leads to anaemia and protein malnutrition. This infection affects approximately 740 million people in the developing countries, including children and adults, of the tropics specifically in poor rural areas located in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, South-East Asia and China. Chronic hookworm in children leads to impaired physical and intellectual development, school performance and attendance are reduced. Pregnant women affected by a hookworm infection can also develop aneamia, which results in negative outcomes both for the mother and the infant. Some of them are: low birth weight, impaired milk production, as well as increased risk of death for the mother and the baby.[5]
Causes[edit]
Mammals can get parasites from contaminated food or water, bug bites, or sexual contact. Ingestion of contaminated water can produce Giardia infections.[6]
Parasites normally enter the body through the skin or mouth. Close contact with pets can lead to parasite infestation as dogs and cats are host to many parasites.
Other risks that can lead people to acquire parasites are walking barefeet, inadequate disposal of faeces, lack of hygiene, close contact with someone carrying specific parasites, and eating undercooked or exotic foods.
Parasites can also be transferred to their host by the bite of an insect vector, i.e. mosquito, bed bug.
Treatment[edit]
Albendazole and mebendazole have been the treatments administered to entire populations to control hookworm infection. However, it is a costly option and both children and adults become reinfected within a few months after deparasitation occurs raising concerns because the treatment has to repeatedly be administered and drug resistance may occur.[7]
Another medication administered to kill worm infections has been pyrantel pamoate. For some parasitic diseases, there is no treatment and, in the case of serious symptoms, medication intended to kill the parasite is administered, whereas, in other cases, symptom relief options are used.[8] Recent papers have also proposed the use of viruses to treat infections caused by protozoa.[9][10]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
1. ^ "About Parasites | CDC DPD".
2. ^ "Intestinal Protozoal Diseases: eMedicine Pediatrics: General Medicine". Retrieved 2010-04-25.
3. ^ "Parasite Infection and Parasite Treatment". Retrieved 2010-07-07.
4. ^ "Parasitic Diseases". Retrieved 2010-07-07.
5. ^ "Hookworm disease". Retrieved 2010-07-07.
6. ^ "Parasitic Diseases". Retrieved 2010-07-07.
7. ^ "Disease Burden". Retrieved 2010-07-07.
8. ^ "Parasitic diseases". Retrieved 2010-07-07.
9. ^ Keen, E. C. (2013). "Beyond phage therapy: Virotherapy of protozoal diseases". Future Microbiology 8 (7): 821–823. doi:10.2217/FMB.13.48. edit
10. ^ Hyman, P.; Atterbury, R.; Barrow, P. (2013). "Fleas and smaller fleas: Virotherapy for parasite infections". Trends in Microbiology 21 (5): 215–220. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2013.02.006. PMID 23540830. edit
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Paul Krugman on ‘Brexit’ and Its Impact
Insider Podcasts The day that Britons voted to leave the European Union — which was one of the biggest pieces of economic and political news in recent history — the Times opinion columnist Paul Krugman (who writes about economics and politics) left on a bike trip. “There cannot be a global crisis this week. I am otherwise engaged,” Mr. Krugman told Twitter followers on Monday. Financial markets plunged into turmoil, there were swift political consequences (notably for Britain’s prime minister, David Cameron, who announced he would resign), and worldwide expressions of shock and confusion followed fast in the aftermath of the British vote. And so Mr. Krugman agreed to phone in from the wilds of Canada to share his thoughts on “Brexit” and its impact. In this podcast, Mr. Krugman, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in economics in 2008, says that “Brexit” was “a terrible blow to the elite leadership in Europe,” explains how the people who are most likely to emerge on top as a result of the move are “the Donald Trumps of England” and talks about the way in which the E.U. is fundamentally at odds with democracy and the idea of a democratically elected government. Susan Lehman is host.
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Minutes of a meeting on Curry
From: Michael Hanus <hanus_at_informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
Date: Wed, 6 May 1998 18:41:20 +0200
Dear Colleague,
I want to inform you by this email about the results
of a recent meeting where we discussed some topics
related to Curry.
The meeting took place during the 7th International Workshop
on Functional and Logic Programming in Bad Honnef in the
evening of April 27, 1998. The following persons attended the
meeting: Rachid Echahed, Michael Hanus, Herbert Kuchen,
Wolfgang Lux, Julio Marino, Juanjo Moreno Navarro, Frank Steiner,
and Frank Zartmann.
The main topic was the discussion of the current proposal for the
Curry language (as defined in the report of February 1998).
After discussing the changes in this version, there was
an agreement about the current general conceptual design of the
language. We agreed also on some minor changes which will
be added in some future version of the report (these are
listed below).
Another important topic was the implementation of Curry.
Currently, there are the following implementations (ready
as a prototype or under development):
1. The TasteCurry system of RWTH Aachen and Portland State University:
- Front end with a parser written in Java and everything
else (type inferencer, module checker, pattern matching
compiler) implemented in Prolog
- back end: a (slow) interpreter written in Prolog
2. Curry->Java compiler of RWTH Aachen:
uses the front end of TasteCurry and compiles into Java (Pizza),
i.e., uses the JVM as a back end
3. Sloth system of UPM Madrid:
front end and back end implemented in Prolog, compiles
Curry programs into Prolog
4. Compiler of Univ. Muenster:
only a back end, abstract machine for Curry,
under implementation in C
To coordinate these different developments (two different front ends
and three different back ends!), it seems to be necessary to
define an intermediate language as an interface between
the front and back ends so that implementors interested in
abstract machines can use existing front ends. I'll try
to propose such a language in the near future (maybe based
on an existing proposal by Sergio Antoy).
Possible changes in the language definition:
1. Evaluation annotations:
>From our practical experience, it seems that complicated
evaluation annotations will not be specified by the programmer
since the automatic generation of them is sufficient.
The only important property is whether a function is rigid
or flexible. Thus, the declarations "f eval rigid" and
"f eval flex" seem to be sufficient. The power of the more refined
annotations can be also obtained by the addition of auxiliary
functions. Thus, the more complicated forms of evaluation
annotations might be completely deleted in the future.
Therefore, current implementations can already omit them.
2. Defaults for flex/rigid:
The current default is that functions with result type "Bool"
are flexible and all others are rigid. This is motivated
by translating logic programs into Boolean functions.
On the other hand, logic programs often define predicates
only partially (only the "True" cases are defined)
which is a good argument to translate predicates
from logic programs into constraint functions (i.e., functions
with result type "Constraint"). Thus, it seems preferably
to consider only constraint functions as flexible and
all others as rigid. Therefore, the default might
be changed in the future but currently we keep it
as it is and wait for more practical experiences.
3. Search strategy:
The current report does not fix any search strategy
but proposes the use of encapsulated search. Thus,
some Curry implementation only supports the encapsulated
search operator ("try") but does not implement a predefined
strategy like depth-first search, whereas other implementations
are based (for efficiency reasons) on backtracking and support
encapsulated search as an additional method (which is not so
efficient as built-in backtracking). To avoid forcing
implementors to support built-in as well as encapsulated
search, the language definition will be based only on
encapsulated search. As a consequence, the search strategy
in the top-level of the interactive programming environment
(Section 10 of the report) will be specified in terms of
encapsulated search, e.g., each top-level expression
(except for expressions of type IO ()) is considered
as encapsulated by some search operator (e.g., "all").
Opinions or additions to these topics are welcome.
Best regards,
Michael
Received on Mi Mai 06 1998 - 19:45:00 CEST
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.0 : Fr Jul 23 2021 - 07:15:03 CEST
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
TransNusa
TransNusa is an airline headquartered in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was launched in August 2005, serving various destinations from Kupang, Timor, using aircraft chartered from Pelita Air and Trigana Air Service. In August 2011, TransNusa received its own air operator's certificate (AOC) and scheduled commercial airline permit, operating as a regional carrier. The airline relaunched in 2022 after briefly ceasing operations in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic. It was then sold to China Aircraft Leasing Group (CALC), (indirect subsidiary of China Everbright Group) and was initially relaunched as a low-cost carrier. Due to a change in strategy, the airline has since been aligning itself closer a full-service carrier.
Launch and early years (2005-2011)
TransNusa undertook its first commercial flight on 4 August 2005 in co-operation with Trigana Air Service. Initial services were established to Waingapu, Tambolaka and Lewoleba followed by routes to Alor, Ende, Maumere, Ruteng serviced by a Trigana Air ATR 42-300. Subsequently, TransNusa agreed to further co-operative partnerships in Nusa Tenggara with Riau Airlines using Fokker 50s with a second Trigana supplied ATR 42 introduced in April 2006. In June, a Boeing 737-200 was supplied on contract from Trigana to service the routes, Kupang to Denpasar to Surabaya and Kupang to Makassar. In late 2006, the 737 service was replaced by a Pelita Air Fokker F28-4000.
In March 2007, arrangements with Mandala Airlines commenced with TransNusa acting both as a ticketing agent for Mandala at their office in Kupang and operating as a feeder service to the then-new Mandala Airbus A320 service operating from Kupang airport. This connected TransNusa's East Nusa Tenggara services into the Mandala Indonesian network through Jakarta and Surabaya. TransNusa commenced by block buying seats on the A320 services. In August 2007, TransNusa entered into a route subsidy agreement with the West Nusa Tenggara provincial government to provide services for the Mataram to Sumbawa and Mataram to Bima routes. The subsidised services were provided 3 times a week. In October 2007, TransNusa established the first implementation of airline e-ticketing in East Nusa Tenggara. By March 2008, TransNusa was operating 4 Fokker 50 turboprop aircraft in fleet co-operation arrangements with Riau Airlines. On 10 September 2008, Mandala Airlines announced arrangements with TransNusa to supply further feeder services from Jakarta via Surabaya providing services to passengers through the Kupang hub, connecting to and from destinations including Ende, Sika, Bajawa, Lombok, Waingapu, Tambolaka, Labuan Bajo and Alor.
In December 2009, charter airline Aviastar took delivery of a second new BAe 146-200 from BAE Systems to be operated on behalf of TransNusa in a 98-seat all-economy layout. It was announced that the new aircraft was to be based at Denpasar Airport in Bali to operate to destinations in East Nusa Tenggara. This aircraft complemented an ATR 42-300 aircraft acquired in a similar collaboration with Indonesia Air Transport (IAT) for operations in East Nusa Tenggara originating from Kupang and serving the Maumere, Alor and Lewoleba routes. The ATR-42-300 aircraft also served airports in the region that have a relatively short runway, such as Larantuka, Rote, and Sabu. The co-operation with IAT grew the airline's ATR 42-300 fleet to four aircraft by the end of the year In 2010, TransNusa offered connections into the Sriwijaya Air network to link directly with flights from Kupang to Surabaya and Jakarta.
Independent operation and suspension of operations (2011-2020)
In 2011, TransNusa expanded into operating commercially scheduled flights through the procurement of its own aircraft and the obtaining of the 121 Regular Aviation Operation License issued by the Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority.
In 2017, TransNusa expanded its fleet when it introduced two brand new ATR 72-600s, followed by a further ATR 72-600 and ATR 42–500 the following year. By June 2019, TransNusa had in its fleet, seven ATR aircraft in its commercial fleet with a further three on order, complemented by a single BAe 146.
Impacted by the effects on the industry by the COVID-19 pandemic, the airline suspended operations in September 2020, which led to its fleet being transferred back to lessors.
Relaunch (2021-present)
In November 2021, TransNusa announced through Instagram that the airline intends to return operating, although as a low-cost carrier in place of its former regional model. The airline reapplied for an Air Operator's certificate and conducted proving flights in February 2022.
In early 2022, the airline, now backed and part-owned by the China Aircraft Leasing Group (CALC) (indirect subsidiary of China Everbright Group), announced that it will be operating a mixed fleet of Airbus A320neos and Comac ARJ21s, making TransNusa the first foreign operator of the latter aircraft.
On 6 October 2022, TransNusa officially relaunched with a flight between Jakarta and Denpasar. In February 2024, the airline announced a strategy change to reposition the airline into a "premium service carrier", claiming that it has implemented plans to differentiate the airline apart from other low-cost carriers.
Destinations
The airline has disclosed that it will focus on flying between larger airports rather than revive its former inter-island network.
As of April 2024, TransNusa flies between 11 destinations.
Services
TransNusa offers options to buy on board during the flight, offering food, drinks, merchandise and duty free for purchase on the aircraft. However, no free items are offered on-board as the airline is a low-cost carrier. Pre-purchase of meals is available at a lower price than on board, and with additional options
Current fleet
, TransNusa fleet consists of the following aircraft.
Historical fleet
* 1 ATR 42-500
* 6 ATR 72-600
* 1 Fokker 50
* 1 Fokker 70
* 1 Airbus A320neo
Incidents and accidents
* On 4 April 2016, a TransNusa ATR 42-600, that was being towed from one part of Halim Perdanakusuma Airport in Jakarta to another, was involved in a collision with a Batik Air Boeing 737. The Boeing 737 was on its takeoff roll when its wingtip sliced the tail off the ATR 42-600 while it was being towed across the runway. The Boeing 737's wing then caught on fire. No fatality in the accident.
|
WIKI
|
Brands Expand Into New Niches With Care, but Not Without Risk
Advertising The luxury sports carmaker Aston Martin recently unveiled plans to build Aston Martin Residences, a luxury condominium complex in Miami. Sales will start in July, with the condos scheduled to open in 2021. The car company didn’t jump into the real estate business willy-nilly, though. It is part of a gradual brand extension that began with high-end jewelry in 2012, speedboats in 2015, luxury men’s wear in 2016 and its “Art of Living” experiences, which include exotic road trips and Champagne tastings, in 2016. “In all of the contracts, we have the right of veto: over the control of imagery, how the building is kept, how often it’s cleaned, how people are spoken to, the quality of materials and the upkeep,” said Marek Reichman, chief creative officer at Aston Martin. “It sounds controlling, but this is the pride of our brand being put somewhere else, so we don’t want to let that go lightly.” Mr. Reichman is betting that people will seek out the Aston Martin residences for the elegant craftsmanship and exquisite reputation that drew customers to the company’s cars. “Whether we’re doing a speedboat, a series of apartments, sunglasses, clothing or our cars, you can experience Aston Martin different ways,” he said. Today, a growing number of iconic brands are putting their names on products outside their areas of expertise, ranging from hotels and condos to wedding dresses and steaks. (Of course, long before his presidency, Donald J. Trump put his name on a variety of offerings, including real estate, steaks and a university.) “If you do it right and get a decent return, it may be an interesting way to invest in the growth of the brand. In a sense, you’re creating this new image, this new flagship,” said David Loeb, a consultant and analyst with more than 25 years in lodging and real estate. “But the risk is high, so you better get it right or it’s going to hurt rather than help.” For example, when Zippo, which makes lighters, decided to move into fragrances in 2014, with a perfume bottle in the shape of a lighter, consumers were bewildered. Women bristled at the thought of pulling out a perfume bottle that looked like a lighter and spraying themselves in public. Also, many envisioned a Zippo fragrance smelling like lighter fluid, even though the scent was fruity. Colgate tried to move into frozen foods, with its Colgate Kitchen Entrees in 2014. (It had made an earlier attempt in 1982.) The brand extension was a failure. Why? Because, experts said, when people hear “Colgate,” they think of toothpaste, not tasty cuisine. Then there was Harley-Davidson, which decided to move into cake decorating and fragrances. For Harley-Davidson fans, cake decorating just didn’t mesh with the company’s “Easy Rider” and “Born to Be Wild” image. The fragrance was equally puzzling. “I wouldn’t want to smell like a Harley-Davidson biker,” said Larry Light, an author of “Six Rules for Brand Revitalization” and the chief executive of Arcature, a brand consulting company. Experts caution brands to move carefully and strategically into new niches because missteps in a new product area could taint their overall image. “It could be a disaster,” said Howard Davidowitz, chairman of Davidowitz & Associates, a retail consulting and investment banking services firm. Some expand into new product niches to transform a luxury brand into a global powerhouse. For others, it’s about finding new areas of growth in the retail market, which has been struggling in recent years with declining sales at brick-and-mortar locations, bankruptcies, store closings and the rising popularity of online shopping. “When you’re in a revolutionary period, which we’re in now, and you have a valuable brand, the people who come out best are those who diversify,” Mr. Davidowitz said. The high-end fashion designers Giorgio Armani and Versace as well as the crystal giant Baccarat and the luxury accessories designer Fendi have all opened five-star branded hotels in the past five years. “You’re seeing companies begin to leverage themselves in ways that are really out of the box,” said Milton Pedraza, the chief executive of Luxury Institute. “They’re saying, ‘If I have a brand name that is pristine and prestigious and known by the wealthy, let’s see how I can leverage it across other product lines.’” Hotel and residential real estate have been particularly popular expansion choices. When done right, it’s “pure incremental income” for the brand, with lavish hotels almost serving as billboards, said Bjorn Hanson, a professor with New York University’s Preston Robert Tisch Center for Hospitality and Tourism. The luxury jeweler Bulgari was a pioneer in the move into hotels. Although some initially questioned what a chichi watch and necklace maker would know about hotels, Marriott saw opportunity. “Brand recognition is really important, and Bulgari was one of the best recognized luxury brands in the world,” said William R. Tiefel, who was vice chairman of Marriott International at the time and oversaw the joint venture between Marriott and Bulgari. Today, Bulgari has branded hotels in Milan, Bali and London, and plans are in the works to open new ones in Shanghai, Dubai and Beijing. A flurry of companies — including the designer Karl Lagerfeld, the upscale fitness club Equinox, Restoration Hardware and West Elm — have announced plans to open hotels or residential properties in the next two years. Even Jimmy Buffett’s Margaritaville, famous for its margarita mixers and restaurant chain, recently teamed up with a real estate developer to build an active adult community in Florida. But not all hotel expansions have worked. The clothing and accessories company Missoni backed out of its lone hotel partnership in 2014. In a statement, Missoni cited “different long-term business strategies” with its hotel partner, Carlson Rezidor. Shoddy construction or a poorly managed condo or hotel property, for example, could be catastrophic for a brand. “People view brands as promises of an experience,” which often includes quality, architecture, style, ambience, customer service and a unique experience, Mr. Light said. A well-known brand may lure customers to a hotel, but a bad experience will stop them from returning. “That’s the reputational risk,” Mr. Pedraza said. It’s critical that a company seek partners with knowledge and success in the new industry. Just plopping a brand logo onto a product or real estate is a recipe for failure. “If you’re just licensing the brand,” Mr. Light said, “giving somebody the logo and then hoping the execution will live up to the brand promise — that’s a very risky strategy.”
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
La Tablada
La Tablada is a city in Argentina. It is located in La Matanza Partido and is part of the Greater Buenos Aires metro area.
Overview
La Tablada initially developed around the Buenos Aires Western Railway (Ferrocarril Oeste de Buenos Aires) station inaugurated in 1900. The station, located on the 28 km (18 mi) marker along the Haedo—La Plata line, primarily served the wholesale market established nearby in 1901, and in 1909, the settlement's first homestead lots were sold.
Most of the settlement's 1,500 early homeowners worked in the wholesale market, which was closely tied to the Liniers cattle market just north of La Tablada, and numerous meat packing plants opened in the town during the 1910s and 1920s. Provincial electricity services and the town's first clinic were established in 1925.
The city grew moderately yet steadily in subsequent decades, and became home to the third-largest business and industrial community in La Matanza Partido. The important La Tablada Regiment was the site of an attack in January 1989 by members of the left-wing Movimiento Todos por la Patria. La Tablada was declared a city by the Provincial Legislature on November 11, 1993.
The city is home to the La Tablada Israelite Cemetery, the largest Jewish cemetery in Latin America.
|
WIKI
|
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/America's Got Talent (season 8)
The result was keep. King of ♥ ♦ ♣ ♠ 04:42, 22 April 2013 (UTC)
America's Got Talent (season 8)
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
No cited verification (future event). Musdan77 (talk) 22:25, 7 April 2013 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of United States of America-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 00:01, 8 April 2013 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Television-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 00:01, 8 April 2013 (UTC)
* Redirect to the show's general article, until such time as the first episode actually airs. Jclemens (talk) 00:37, 8 April 2013 (UTC)
* Redirect. A little too early. I created the page as a redirect months ago, to the season's section on the main page for the show. - TexasAndroid (talk) 13:01, 8 April 2013 (UTC)
* Redirect, agree with TexasAndroid. A bit too early to have his own page. — Joaquin008 ( talk ) 13:44, 8 April 2013 (UTC)
* Keep Pointless to redirect just to recreate it next month. Gage (talk) 10:39, 12 April 2013 (UTC)
* Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.
* Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Michaelzeng7 (talk) 00:29, 15 April 2013 (UTC)
* Keep The show premiers in June 2013. The show has a huge number of sources that verify it's airing. WP:FUTURE is not for events that are verified by reliable sources. The argument to redirect regarding WP:TOOSOON seems largely flawed because much of the lead up is verified and has received widespread coverage. Mkdw talk 00:44, 15 April 2013 (UTC)
* Keep We have the judging panel and audition cities, thus hitting the minimum involved with a season article like this. Keep at this point as the actual premiere is a month away. Nate • ( chatter ) 02:54, 15 April 2013 (UTC)
* Keep Will (verifiably) happen soon, coverage is already extensive. DavidLeighEllis (talk) 03:43, 15 April 2013 (UTC)
* Keep via Mkdw talk. srsrox BlahBlahBlah... 20:53, 18 April 2013 (UTC)
|
WIKI
|
RuNpiXelruN RuNpiXelruN - 3 months ago 17
Javascript Question
Functional Javascript: Having trouble iterating through an object that has nested objects and arrays
I'm having difficulty trying to access my data in a table structured as below. I want a clean and efficient way of accessing my nested data through a functional Javascript approach. If anyone can show how this can be done functionally using Ramda or plain ES6 it'd be much appreciated! Please see the example table structure below.
let tables = {
table1: {
headings: [ 'hey', 'there' ],
rows: [ 'row 1 here', 'row 2 here' ],
},
table2: {
headings: [ 'sup', 'yall' ],
rows: [ 'row1 3 here', 'row 4 here' ],
},
table3: {
headings: [ 'what', 'up' ],
rows: [ 'row 5 here', 'row 6 here' ],
},
}
Edit
I am using React and my end goal is for me to construct each table within a Table Component, so I am hoping to be able to something like below within the component
const headings = [ 'hey', 'there' ]
const rows = [ 'row 1 here', 'row 2 here' ]
Answer
If you're asking how to enumerate the data structure, something like this would work:
let tables = {
table1: {
headings: ['hey', 'there'],
rows: ['row 1 here', 'row 2 here'],
},
table2: {
headings: ['sup', 'yall'],
rows: ['row1 3 here', 'row 4 here'],
},
table3: {
headings: ['what', 'up'],
rows: ['row 5 here', 'row 6 here'],
},
};
Object.keys(tables).forEach((tableId) => {
tables[tableId].headings.forEach((heading) => {
// do something with heading
});
tables[tableId].rows.forEach((row) => {
// do something with the row
});
});
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Carnival Youth
Carnival Youth is a Latvian indie band formed in Riga in 2011. The band consists of twins Edgars Kaupers (guitar, vocals) and Emīls Kaupers (drums, vocals), Roberts Vanags (keyboards, vocals) and Kristiāns Kosītis (bass).
On May 26, 2014, the group released their first EP, titled Never Have Enough, which was followed by their first studio album, No Clouds Allowed on October 20 the same year, which won the Latvian Golden Microphone award for best debut.
In January 2016, the band was awarded the European Border Breakers Award (EBBA) for their success abroad, where they, at the same occasion, also won the EBBA Public Choice Award. In the spring of 2016, their second studio album, Propeller, was released.
On June 1, 2017, their third album, Vienā vilcienā was released. To this date, it is their only album to be sung exclusively in their native language, Latvian. The choice to sing exclusively in Latvian, rather than in both Latvian and English as on previous albums, was allegedly due to Latvia celebrating its centenary of independence the year after, in 2018.
Two years later, the group followed up with their fourth studio album, Good Luck. In May 2020, the group appeared on the album Leto bez interneta by Russian rock band Mumiy Troll, performing a Latvian language version of the song Leto bez interneta, titled Vasara bez internetiem (Summer Without Internet).
In addition to their home country of Latvia, the group has performed in countries such as Canada, the United States Austria England, Hungary, Finland, France and Germany, as well as festivals such as SXSW, The Great Escape, Sziget, Positivus, Open'er, Reeperbahn, Eurosonic, Summer Sound.
EP's
* Never Have Enough (2014)
Studio albums
* No Clouds Allowed (2014)
* Propeller (2016)
* Vienā vilcienā (2017)
* Good Luck (2019)
* Naivais ku-kū (2021)
|
WIKI
|
Giorgio Cigliana
Giorgio Cigilana (1857-1919) was an Italian general. He had been the governor of Tripolitania for a short time in 1914. At the beginning of World War I he commanded the 11th corps of the 3rd Italian army.
Biography
Cigilana was born in Castellamonte (Turin Province) on March 13, 1857, and began matriculation at the Modena Military Academy in 1872, commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1875. He was then assigned to the 4th Bersaglieri Regiment. In 1882, after attending the War School, he was promoted to captain and assigned to the 1st Bersaglieri Regiment, transferred first to Chieti and then to Rome for temporary duty, and then to the General Staff Corps. Promoted to major in 1890, he was assigned to the 72nd Infantry Regiment and quickly moved through the ranks. On June 7, 1906 he was appointed a Brigadier General, and assumed command of the "Siena" Infantry Brigade stationed in Cuneo and, then, of the 1st Alpine Brigade.
In 1910 he was appointed Inspector of the Alpine troops in Rome, retaining the post even after his promotion, on June 11, 1911, to division general. In 1913 he was appointed Commander of the Tripolitan troops in Libya and then assuming, in October 1914, the post of Governor of the Colony replacing General Vincenzo Garioni. Before returning to Italy to assume his new position as general of the XI Army Corps in Bari, he wrote and sent a detailed report to the Foreign Office explaining the political and military dangers the Colony was undergoing. The Office merely took note of the situation described but did not share the forecasts. A few months later the military situation in Libya deteriorated. The rebels completely destroyed some internal garrisons, so that the Italian occupation was reduced to the coastal areas alone.
With the entry into the war of Italy, on May 24, 1915 he commanded the XI Army Corps operating under the 3rd Army of Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta. The Corps was assigned to the Isonzo border with Austria-Hungary and participated in attacking the enemy defenses on the Karst. The XI Army Corps, initially consisting of the 21st and 22nd Divisions was gradually strengthened so that during the 1916 offensives it grew to 5 Divisions.
At the head of his unit, Cigliana took part in the first ten Battles of the Isonzo, always deployed to the left of the 3rd Army, and initially versus against the formidable defenses of Mount San Michele, and then operating in the rugged and desolate sector of the Karst, beyond the Vallone (beyond Gorizia). On June 29, 1916 (at Monte San Michele)) the Austrians attacked using asphyxiating gases and in less than two hours the Italians had 2,700 dead and 4,000 incapacitated. Bringing himself up to the front line, he encouraged the survivors and helped succeed in repelling the enemy attack. In August of the same year (Sixth Battle of the Isonzo), the XI Corps succeeded in taking Monte San Michele, and to secure the quotas (high grounds) to the east of the Vallone. For this success General Cigliana was awarded as Commander of the Military Order of Savoy (Commendatore dell'Ordine Militare di Savoia).
In the seventh, eighth and ninth battle of the Isonzo, fought in the second half of 1916, the troops of the XI Corps reached beyond Veliki Kriback and Dosso Faiti. After the tenth battle of the Isonzo (May 1917) he left the command of the XI Army Corps. Under the command of General Cigliana, this unit was cited three times in the Supreme Command's war bulletins, while other actions of this army were mentioned in five other war bulletins. On August 23, 1917 he assumed command of the Naples Corps, and after the war, on January 5, 1919 of the Florence Corps. It was in Florence that he died suddenly on October 8 of the same year. The commander of the 3rd Army, the Duke of Aosta wrote to his widow: ''With anguished heart I express to you and your family the most sincere expression of condolences for the painful loss of General Cigliana, my devoted collaborator and dear friend. The flags of the Third Army bend reverently before the tomb of the ancient Commander of the XI Corps which comes from the bloody cliffs of San Michele and the battered Faiti the sweet call of our brothers in arms today joined in immortality and glory''. He is interred in the Commemorative Cemetery of Porte Sante in San Miniato, located above Piazzale Michelangelo.
|
WIKI
|
User:Vinays14/sandbox
––Vinays14 (talk) 15:34, 11 February 2013 (UTC)
As additional design work thesis, multimode operations were explored using a waveform design which uses simple and reusable components having the traits above. The waveform consists of multiple subsets that encompass different modes of operations. A selector that precedes these waveform subsets receives control information and routes the received signal to the appropriate waveform subset. A receiver at the end of these waveform subsets receive the processed data stream and extracts control information from the header and feeds it back to the selector. [[
]]
* 1) REDIRECT Target page name
|
WIKI
|
Northeastern Section - 51st Annual Meeting - 2016
Paper No. 3-2
Presentation Time: 8:25 AM
ANTARCTIC LINK WITH EAST ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON VARIABILITY DURING THE HEINRICH STADIAL-BøLLING INTERSTADIAL TRANSITION
ZHANG, Hongbn1, GRIFFITHS, Michael L.2, HUANG, Junhua1, CAI, Yanjun3 and CHENG, Hai4, (1)State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, wuhan, 388, Lumo Road, Hongshan District, wuhan, 430074, China, (2)Environmental Science, William Paterson University, 300 Pompton Rd, Wayne, NJ 07470, (3)State Key Lab of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710075, China, (4)Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710075, China, zhb522008@126.com
Previous research has shown a strong persistence for direct teleconnections between the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) and high northern latitude climate variability during the last glacial and deglaciation, in particular between monsoon weakening and reduced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). However, less attention has been paid to EASM strengthening as AMOC was reinvigorated following peak Northern Hemisphere (NH) cooling episodes. Moreover, climate model simulations have suggested a strong role for Antarctic meltwater discharge in modulating northward heat transport and hence NH warming, yet the degree to which SH climate anomalies impacted the Asian monsoon region is still unclear.
Here we present a new high-resolution stalagmite oxygen-isotope record from the EASM affected region of central China, which documents two prominent stages of increased 18O-depleted moisture delivery to the region during the transition from Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) to the Bølling-Allerød (B-A) interstadial, in general agreement with the Greenland ice core records. We propose that the two-stage EASM intensification observed in our speleothem records were linked with two massive Antarctic meltwater discharge events at 16.0 ka and 14.7 ka, immediately following the peak HS1 stadial event, through novel comparisons with a recent ice-berg rafted debris (IBRD) record from the Southern Ocean. The mechanistic explanation for these teleconnections can best be explained by Antarctic freshwater input to the Southern Ocean cooling the surrounding surface waters and, through resultant sea ice expansion, causing the SH Westerlies and ITCZ to shift northward. Moreover, increased meltwater during the two IBRD events would have freshened the source of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), stimulating the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and reinvigorating the AMOC into full swing during the HS1- Bølling transition. The result of this sequence-of-events would have been warming in the North Atlantic whilst at the same time cooling in the Antarctic; the ensuing interhemispheric temperature gradient would have acted to push the ITCZ northward, weakening the Australian-Indonesian summer monsoon (AISM) whilst enhancing the EASM.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
-- Subbarao Copying Bernanke Excites Demand for Bonds
Demand for India ’s sovereign bonds
has climbed to a two-year high as central bank Governor Duvvuri
Subbarao prepares to mirror Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S.
Bernanke in buying bonds to revive economic growth. The monetary authority plans to purchase 120 billion rupees
($2.1 billion) of notes from the market today, while the
government will issue 150 billion rupees at a weekly sale.
Benchmark 10-year securities attracted bids that on average were
2.44 times the amount offered at auctions this quarter, the most
since Bloomberg calculations going back to April 2010. The
similar bid-cover ratio was 1.7 times in China . The yield on
rupee-denominated bonds due 2022 has fallen 50 basis points this
quarter to 8.04 percent. Subbarao is acting two days after Bernanke extended buying
of longer-dated debt to lower the cost of business investment
and home buying. Investors in Asia ’s third-biggest economy are
seeking the safest assets as the BSE India Sensitive Index of
shares is headed for a quarterly drop after gross domestic
product increased the least in nine years in the three months
through March. “The RBI is killing a lot of birds with one stone by
buying bonds,” Sonal Varma , a Mumbai-based economist at Nomura
Holdings Inc., said in an interview yesterday. “The liquidity
injection is helping support growth as well as the government’s
debt-sale program.” Operation Twist The Fed will extend its Operation Twist that was to have
expired this month through to the end of 2012, Bernanke said
this week after two days of deliberations among policy makers.
Under the program, the monetary authority is selling $400
billion of short-term government debt and replacing it with the
same amount of longer-term Treasuries to reduce borrowing costs
and spur the world’s largest economy. The Reserve Bank has bought 433 billion rupees of bonds
from the market in the first quarter of the year that began
April 1 to inject cash into the economy, about 33 percent of the
amount it bought in the prior 12 months. The central bank will
purchase 1.3 trillion rupees more of bonds in the remainder of
the fiscal year, according to Nomura, while Barclays Plc
predicts the amount will be 1 trillion rupees. Subbarao also cut the benchmark repurchase rate by 50 basis
points in April, the first reduction in three years. Gross
domestic product rose 5.3 percent in the first quarter, compared
with 6.1 percent in the previous three months, a government
report said May 31. The monetary authority has lowered the
amount of cash that banks need to set aside by 125 basis points
in 2012 to free up funds for lending. Debt Sales Prime Minister Manmohan Singh ’s administration plans to
increase debt sales by 12 percent to a record 5.69 trillion
rupees this fiscal year to bridge its budget deficit . The
government is aiming to narrow the shortfall in its finances to
5.1 percent of GDP from 5.76 percent in the year ended March. The yield on the nation’s 10-year bonds, which rose 13
basis points in April after the finance ministry announced its
borrowing plan, fell in May as the central bank started its
open-market operations. It decreased two basis points, or 0.02
percentage point, to 8.04 percent today, taking the drop for
June to 46 basis points. The benchmark yield is just two basis
points below that on one-year debt. Today’s sale of bonds by the finance ministry will be
longer-dated securities due in 2020, 2024, 2027 and 2041,
according to a central bank statement on June 18, giving the
government more time to repay debt. Bond Performance “The Reserve Bank ’s purchases will support sentiment in
the bond market ,” Kumar Rachapudi, a Singapore-based interest-
rate strategist at Barclays, said in an interview on June 20.
“The 10-year yield will drop to 7.5 percent in three months.” The slide in yields is boosting investor returns, with
rupee-denominated notes earning 4.58 percent this year, the best
performance among 10 Asian markets monitored by HSBC Holdings
Plc. The Sensex fell 0.5 percent to 16,951 today. It has dropped
2.6 percent this quarter. The stock gauge has fallen in four of
the past five quarters. While the Reserve Bank is making sure that companies have
sufficient funds for expansion, the government needs to play its
part to ensure economic growth, according to Mumbai-based Yes
Bank Ltd. (YES) “Investors will wait for cues from the government before
making fresh commitments as the RBI’s actions alone can’t drive
growth higher,” Shubhada Rao, the Mumbai-based chief economist
at Yes Bank, said in an interview yesterday. “You need
complementary actions between the monetary and fiscal sides.” Bond Risk The $1.7 trillion economy will grow 6.5 percent this fiscal
year with “downside risks,” according to Rao. The cost of protecting the debt of State Bank of India (SBIN)
against default is climbing. Five-year credit-default swaps on
the state-owned lender cost 372 basis points yesterday, having
increased 32 basis points this quarter, according to CMA, which
is owned by CME Group Inc. and compiles prices quoted in
privately negotiated markets. Some investors consider the
lender, the nation’s largest, a proxy for the sovereign. The
swaps pay face value if a company fails to adhere to debt terms. Other central banks around the world are also considering
steps to spur their economies. Bank of England Governor Mervyn King and three other policy makers were overruled this month as
they pushed to expand their bank’s bond-purchase program,
meeting minutes showed this week. European Central Bank
President Mario Draghi left the door open for a rate cut at a
June 6 press conference. Call Rate Bond purchases from the market have “substantially eased”
the availability of cash, the central bank said this week after
a monetary-policy review. The call-money rate , at which banks
borrow from one another overnight, has slumped 75 basis points
from this quarter’s high of 8.95 percent reached on April 7. India’s economy will recover in the coming quarters, with
GDP expanding between 6.3 percent and 6.5 percent this fiscal
year, according to Royal Bank of Scotland Group Plc. “Given the current sluggish growth conditions, open-market
operations may prove helpful for growth as it boosts money
supply ,” Gaurav Kapur , a Mumbai-based senior economist at Royal
Bank of Scotland, said in an interview yesterday. “This also
helps keep a lid on bond yields as the government has a record
borrowing program.” To contact the reporter on this story:
V. Ramakrishnan in Mumbai at
rvenkatarama@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Sandy Hendry at
shendry@bloomberg.net
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Talk:Google Maps/Archive 1
It would be wonderful if someone got us an api key for google maps. Then we could include google maps in wikipedia and add our own "landmarks". http://www.google.com/apis/maps/
List of interesting images
Who else thinks the NASA jet propulsion laboratory is not worthy of such a prestigious list? Lotsofissues 04:42, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
* Oh, but I believe it is. They are single-handedly responsible for the very successful Mars Exploration Rovers which are still operating under their control there in Pasadena, not to mention extensive work on previous robotic missions such as Cassini and Galileo. -- Riffsyphon1024 16:48, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
* But it looks like a plain campus! Let's replace the space with - say - a pic of the US-Tijuana border crossing. Lotsofissues 23:47, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
* I have added your idea of the border crossing. Very interesting traffic flow. -- Riffsyphon1024 02:40, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
* I agree, I think the list needs to be culled in general, I think its good that its growing now, but at one point it should be cut in half. These are the most interesting places (places that look interesting from a satellite) not important ones.. --18:33, Apr 15, 2005 (UTC)
Would it be acceptable to turn the list into its own page? Lotsofissues 08:17, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
* Yeah, it is getting kinda big. We're also duplicating content available elsewhere; that is, there are other sites with lists such as these. Wikipedia is not a directory. -Joshuapaquin 17:26, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)
* Perhaps limit the list to about 10 or so of the best entries? Scott Bell 21:39, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
* That sounds sensible to me. -Joshuapaquin 21:10, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
I've sorted the interesting images into alphabetical order since they didn't seem to be in any order previously. There's probably some mistakes and I the US Government list should probably be sorted differently instead of by the first letter of each sentence. -- Scott Bell 02:31, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
I have made the list into its own page. It is now located at List of interesting Google Maps satellite images. Obviously the name is awkward, so if you can think of something better then feel free to move it. Now the list can be made as long as we want without cluttering the main Google Maps page. -Joshuapaquin 20:06, May 1, 2005 (UTC)
* The page was moved to User:Joshuapaquin/List of interesting Google Maps satellite images. --Interiot 18:46, 27 January 2006 (UTC)
Image for satellite images
I just added an image for the satellite image section. Do all of you think that is a good idea? Should we have only one image, or several? Feel free to change it. Alex Weeks 04:51, 11 May 2005 (UTC)
* Well, too many images is bad news for dial-up users. • Thorpe • 20:40, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
* And if you want to add more, I suggest doing so at the List of interesting Google Maps satellite images. -Joshuapaquin 21:33, May 13, 2005 (UTC)
* Yes, I agree that the fewer the images the better. I'm sorry, I phrased the question badly, not whether we should have several satellite image screenshots on the main Google Maps page, just whether we should have an image for each. It hasn't been changed, so should it stand? Two images, 1 normal, 1 satellite. Alex Weeks 00:26, 15 May 2005 (UTC)
* I'm happy with it right now, thanks for adding that image. -Joshuapaquin 04:11, May 15, 2005 (UTC)
List of interesting images II
Where is the interesting images list stored now? I though that it was deleted and moved to Joshuapaquin's user page, but now it appears to be a Wikipedia article again. Scott Bell 11:34, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)
* It was moved by User:Thorpe, and I've contacted him to try to figure out what's going on. -Joshuapaquin 14:40, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)
* I'm going to presume Thorpe made a mistake and revert it back to how it was-Scott Bell 13:07, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Embedding sites
Clearly "Websites embedding Google Maps content" is too generic, and can apply to any site which includes a Google Maps frame to show a map or directions. This section and its title should be retooled to specifically include sites which build upon or show custom location sets using the Google Maps interface. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ July 8, 2005 19:46 (UTC)
The Register
how about linking these two register articles, *http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/04/29/google_bush_map/ (the latter with a See also: Shroud of Turin)? dab (ᛏ) 07:39, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
* http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/07/15/google_spots_jesus/
Websites collecting Google Maps aerial views
I'm very temped to revert Elfguy's delete of these links, but I'll bring my gripes here before doing anything that might start a revert war. (Let me be up front and state that I am a moderator on one of the sites who's link was deleted, so I do have a personal interest here. I think my points will still stand, but I want my personal interest in this to be known.)
I feel strongly that this section belongs here, regardless of whether a similar list is present on the map list page. This page is for Google Maps, and contains an extensive list of external links to sites that do various things with Google Maps. Why should one specific use be excluded from this article? This one is by far my strongest objection to the deletion,
The page to which they are being dropped is a page about cool links, not a page about GM related sites. Yeah, it does have a set of external links, but that's an almost afterthought to that page. If people are wanting pages of links, that's not an obvious place to go looking for them.
Finally, the set of links on Joshuapaquin's page does not contain every link that was deleted from the main page. TexasAndroid 17:20, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
* OK, but I think that the external links section is getting way out of hand. There need to be some kind of criteria for what should be listed in the article. -Joshuapaquin 00:20, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* Not really sure what criteria could work, but I'm open to suggestions.
* Hmm. Maybe instead of criteria, we split the external links off to a separate list page or pages. One list would work, but it could be multiple for the separate sections if people wanted that. Whichever, if it was a separate list page, I suspect there would be less need for limitations on content.
* For a single page, how about the name : "List of External Links related to Google Maps". TexasAndroid 20:07, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
* And yet, Wikipedia is not a repository of links. I would much prefer a short list of distinguished or exemplary applications rather than the free-for-all currently in place. -Joshuapaquin 21:43, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* FWIW, that's what I was trying to do in my cleanup efforts. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ 01:19, August 11, 2005 (UTC)
* Very well. We still need to choose which stay. I'm no judge of quality on mashups and such, but I'm quite familiar with the "collecting" sites, given I moderate one and regularly visit the others looking for new maps. I would think that, if we had to pare this grouping down, it could come down to what I consider the Big Three of GMaps collections, plus Joshuapaquin's user page link. The "Big Three" (and this is totally IMHO) are Google Sightseeing, Google Globetrotting, and Perljam. The rest in the group are either a fraction of the size of the Big Three, or very specialized. TexasAndroid 18:43, 11 August 2005 (UTC)
* I think we need to worry more about the "sites using Google Maps" for those now-booming sites of "hey, look at our location or get directions to us in a google maps window, woohoo!", or someone's blog that posts a screencap of a Gmaps window, rather than the sites that are heavily focused around GMaps. Disclaimer: I'm a contributor to both G-Sightseeing (as "Keith T.") and G-Globetrotting ("romulusnr"). - Keith D. Tyler ¶ 05:32, August 12, 2005 (UTC)
The external links section is absolutely ridiculous. I'm taking an axe to it. -- Cyrius|✎ 22:55, 12 August 2005 (UTC)
* Umm. In the middle of a discussion on what things to keep and what to cut, you go and cut almost everything? I think you have gone way, way too far. TexasAndroid 23:05, 12 August 2005 (UTC)
* There's so many links that you're talking about creating a whole separate page just to collect external links. External links should be limited in number and heavily relevant. The mere use of an API by some other tool does not constitute relevance. -- Cyrius|✎ 00:26, 13 August 2005 (UTC)
* I've tried to make a more reasonable revision. -Joshuapaquin 03:47, August 13, 2005 (UTC)
Hi, what are the criteria to be placed on the list? Few days ago I've noticed some incoming traffic to my page from this page, so I came here and saw my page on the list, next day I saw the list "slightly slenderized", so who decides if page with a collection of link should or should not be placed on the list.
outdated / plainly incorrect information
from the article "The downloadable Google Earth allows customized use of Google Maps, with e.g. map images with town and street names overlaying satellite images.
While not officially supported or authorized by Google, the fact that the Google Maps is done almost entirely in Javascript and XML, some end-users have reverse-engineered the tool and produced client-side scripts and server-side hooks which allow a user or website to introduce expanded or customized features into the Google Maps interface"
the google earth bit??? no mention of api release?
Easter egg?
I don't really think that the swiss cheese thing is an easter egg... it's just a joke. Easter eggs are hard to find; all you need to do is zoom in!
Adding additional links
We've got a nice, simple set of links now. As things move forward, people are obviously wanting to add more links back in, one by one. If we don't do something, set up some sort of process, it'll either grow wildly once again, or potentially become a revert war. I would rather have a few simple rules in place for how a new link gets approved for addition to the page. Obviously anything like this is strictly informal, but if several of us agree that we the community on this page will not accept any links that have not followed the rules, then I think we could make it work.
Obviously (to me, at least), the process would play out here on the talk page. Any new links would need to garner conscensous here first before they would be able to go to the page without likelyhood of removal/revert. But exactly how such a process should play out, I'm really not sure. But I can see that, if we are going to manage the page with a small sample set of links, we need some way to manage new links that people want added. TexasAndroid 15:25, 18 August 2005 (UTC)
* One other preemptive suggestion. I'm personally following a 1RR on cleaning out links. I will do at most one cleaing of links per day, even if someone adds some back in seconds after me. There's no real rush on this. Letting a new link stand around for a day or so doesn't hurt things. It's the build-up of link after link that leads us back to where we were, with legitimate arguments to be made for doing away with them all. By clearing out the new links daily, this build-up is controlled. Anyway, my suggestion is that anyone else who wants to help keep new links cleared please also refrain from revert wars, etc. Of all the things on Wikipedia that might be worth a revert war, keeping new links off this page isn't one of them. TexasAndroid 20:16, 30 August 2005 (UTC)
Bank's teller machines
One thing that I really hate is paying $ 1.5 for using a teller machine from a diffrent bank. This mainly happen when you are in a new surrounding. Does anyone know whether there is a service like this? The banks just list addresses which are not really helpful if you don't know the area. Those address on a map would be better
Placeopedia
* Placeopedia
Cleared this one, because it had not been discussed here, but I think this one may actually deserve to go back up. So let's give this link discussion thing a try.
This one has a direct concept linkage back to Wikipedia. The idea of Placeopedia is that users can add location links in the Placeopedia system that include direct references to Wikipedia articles. Basically it is trying to map out locations referenced here in Wikipedia. This fact by itself makes me think we should seriously consider adding it to our collection of links. Thoughts anyone else? TexasAndroid 15:33, 16 September 2005 (UTC)
* vote:keep - I added it after finding it through (if I remember correctly) the blog of the man that created the sites They Work for You and Fax Your MP which are both well known here in the United Kingdom. I certainly believe it has a place here. --bodnotbod 15:28, 26 September 2005 (UTC)
* I agree, let's keep it. Connected to Wikipedia. -Joshuapaquin 15:37, 26 September 2005 (UTC)
Two comments on this. I deleted Placeopedia from the Examples this morning for the second time because, at the time, I was still the only comment on it. One person (me) does not a discussion make. Now we have a couple more comments, and it certainly appears that there is agreement that it should now stay. The next issue is in what form should it stay. Placepedia actually has it's own Wikipedia page, and that has been listed in the See Also section for several days. So I'm wondering, is that sufficient? Should it be in the Examples instead? Or should we have both references? TexasAndroid 15:55, 26 September 2005 (UTC)
Archaeological findings
Manuela Catarsi Dall'Aglio, archaeologist of the National Archeologic museum of Parma (Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Parma) was warned that there might be something in the soil of a field of Sorbolo. They were warned by Luca Mori who was exploring his region with google maps. On the satellite image, he found rectangular structures next to the meander of an old river: http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=44.8819,10.4224&spn=0.007376,0.015044&t=k&hl=en
Is this an easter egg, fake publicity or ... reality? (when confirmed, you can put it in the main article "google maps")
|
WIKI
|
Alex Rodriguez (disambiguation)
Alex Rodriguez (born 1975) is an American Major League Baseball player.
Alex Rodriguez or Alexander Rodriguez may also refer to:
* Álex Rodríguez (film editor) (born 1971), Mexican film editor
* Alex Rodriguez (musician), US musician
* Alex Rodriguez (Andorran footballer) (born 1980), Andorran footballer
* Álex Rodríguez (Panamanian footballer) (born 1990), Panamanian football goalkeeper
* Alex Rodríguez (Spanish footballer) (born 1993), Spanish football player who plays for Oxford United
* Alexander Rodríguez (gymnast) (born 1985), Puerto Rican gymnast
* Alexander Rodríguez (cyclist), Colombian cyclist and competitor in the 2001 Vuelta a Colombia
|
WIKI
|
File Systems: Mac vs. Windows vs. Linux
The debate over operating systems has had tech-fans engaged in a full-blown war ever since the PC era began. Programming geeks with an interest in open source customizability may prefer Linux to satisfy their system and file handling needs, while a copy of Windows may be suitable for those who prefer gaming. And of course, no one has ever gone wrong with a copy of macOS - MacInfo is a Mac-centric site, after all!
For this article, we will dive into the file systems of each of the Windows, Mac, and Linux operating systems and see how they compare in terms of speed, GUI, compatibility, efficiency, and more.
What are File Systems?
Have you ever wondered where the files in your Mac get stored? How are they accessed? How are they retrieved?
Well, for every file, there are paths and directories that lead to that specific file. These paths and directories are called File Systems.
If you are on a Windows device, and you want to find a file you just downloaded, you go to "This PC," from where you click on "Documents" and there you find yet another folder called "Downloads" that has the downloaded files stored.
Meanwhile, all that you need to do on your Mac to get the same result is click on "Downloads." Whether you do it from the menu bar or anywhere else, it’s going to get you to exactly where you need to go.
Doing the same task on Linux, however, could take a lot more time.
These methods to access data, to know where it is stored or how it is stored, depends on the filing structure of the operating system. A filing structure stores information about specific files in a manner in which it can access and organize them for later use.
But since there are a number of methods to get to a specific file, is one approach better than the other? Which one is faster? What about the users who are concerned about their data's security? How do file systems even work? Which file system is superior? Here we talk in detail about three of the most popular file systems around.
Windows
The file system of Windows is complex. To get a glimpse of how files work in Windows, you need to click on the "This PC" icon. Here you will see different partitions called "C" and "D." All the data is saved in these partitions.
Open any of these partitions and you find folders and files which you have saved onto your computer. Even if you save something on your desktop, it will get saved into one of these partitions.
FAT-32 and ExFAT
Microsoft has two principal methods of maintaining their file systems. The classic is called FAT ("file allocation table"). The first iteration of the FAT system was called the FAT12 system, with the 12 representing the number of bits inside a file system block. As nature took its course, FAT12 got outdated and replaced by FAT16 which had support for larger files (due to the larger number of bits). FAT16 was succeeded by FAT32, which is currently the modern standard for the Windows file system. FAT32 can use up to 4294967296 blocks of data (or 232) as compared to the modest 4096 blocks (or 212) supported on the original FAT12.
Looking at the aforementioned numbers in a practical sense, FAT32 is able to store 2TB of data in a single partition and a single file cannot be larger than 4GB. Hence, despite being one of the most commonly used filing systems within devices such as flash drives and DVDs, the FAT32 system is getting outdated as we move towards blu-ray disks and 1TB memory card sticks. To keep up with moderns standards, FAT32 is being replaced by the exFAT filing system, which stands for "Extended File Allocation Table".
Importantly, exFAT data has no real file size limit. Microsoft has, however, decided to concentrate on the NTFS filing system.
Compatibility
FAT32 is not compatible with macOS devices. Linux systems can access FAT32 drives, but special software is required. exFAT is compatible with macOS devices however, such as Macbooks. You will still need specialized software to use exFAT on Linux systems though.
NTFS
Another file system that Microsoft has implemented is called NTFS – New Technology File System. Microsoft has attempted to set NTFS as the standard for file handling across devices such as external hard drives and USB flash drives. As of yet, there are no specific limitations in terms of size for the NTFS, and Microsoft has done its best to ensure that the NTFS stays on par with modern-day requirements.
Compatibility
While you can read NTFS file systems on a Mac and also Linux-based computer systems, you will not be able to write to them.
Linux
Linux functions very differently to every other operating system. It offers a tree-like structure to save files and folders in a hard disk. The tree-structure is the most popular in the Linux user base, and Linux also supports over a thousand other file systems, including some which are relatively ancient. When it comes to offering freedom and control, a Linux enabled device is your best option. The trade-off for that freedom and control is the fact that getting used to Linux is insanely tough. It is, without a doubt, the most complicated operating system of the three in this guide.
Ext
Linux has many options to choose from. Primarily it uses the Ext file system, which is a native Linux file system (this also means it is exclusive to Linux users). Similar to the FAT file system, the Ext file system has seen many revisions during its time, including ext2, ext3, and the most recent ext4 filing system.
This filing system goes all the way to the root and creates branches of files that are all, one way or the other, linked to the root. Imagine a tree, all the branches of the tree are connected to the root, this is exactly how Linux goes about its filing system. Although it is simple and efficient, it may not be for everyone, which is clearly why it is not implemented across many platforms that are readily available in the market at the moment.
If you do manage to master Linux, it can potentially enable you to reach the epitome in programming and tech. If you’re someone who uses their device for work purposes or some leisure activities such as watching Netflix or gaming, Linux is probably not for you.
Compatibility
The Ext file systems - Ext2, Ext3 and Ext4 cannot be read on either Windows or Mac machines without special software.
macOS
Apple is known to design the most sophisticated and elegant machines. That also holds true for its file system. There is no going into a partition to find a folder to find another folder buried within that folder, that contains another folder, like there is on Windows. And there are definitely no complicated codes to remember like you would if you were a Linux user (or unrefined GUIs).
macOS is as simple as it gets. To retrieve files, all you need to do is open your hard drive. Here you find all your apps placed in a single folder for easy access. You can also find all the system software and technical files reasonably easily. If you click "Users" and open the folder with your name on it, you see all your downloads and documents stored.
APFS
The file system Apple uses is called the Apple File System (APFS). Similar to NTFS, Apple stores the metadata of information on files - including file descriptors, file starting pointers, etc. APFS also contains a filing technique called "copy on write" (or COW) which ensures maximum security and heavy compression. APFS uses superblocks to store certain elements of data to ensure speed and efficiency.
Compatibility
APFS files can be read on both Windows and Linux machines, but you will need specialised software.
Muaz Ashrafi
Hi! I am Muaz, a Mass Communication major. I like to think I am a free urban spirit. I write blogs with a focus on tech and gadgets. When I'm not writing, you can find me with my headphones on, relaxing to some good house EDM music. I'm also a hobbyist photographer, you can find me on Instagram @mzwithacamera.
2 Comments
Your email address will not be published.
1. I don’t like NTFS at all. Linux has some great filesystems though! Ext4 is tried and true, XFS is blazing fast and btrfs is very advanced with it’s snapshotting capabilities. Mac does NTFS better than Windows, APFS has proved itself to be very reliable and have great performance. I wonder if it’s possible to use something different.
2. Why doesn’t Windows, Mac and Linux all collaborate on a file system? I’m guessing there are disagreements about how they should function. I don’t know a whole lot about these anyway, I just know that some are faster than others or have better features. I just think we could combine the best of everything into one.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
ietf-822
[Top] [All Lists]
Re: PLEASE READ -- Open issues list for RFC-XXXX
1991-11-08 09:32:15
Ned & Nathaniel,
What a wonderful list. It's always useful to have explicit lists and
detail, to give a solid target at which to shoot...
In particular, I like the effort to stay at the level of concept and function,
rather than minor nits with syntax.
First question is what is missing from the list?
While I believe that the current Type/subtype set of values can work,
I have some continuing discomfort with aspects of them. To some extent,
it feels a bit like a shopping list, rather than an organized framework.
(Not completely random, but not as tight as would be nice.) To the extent
that an extremely rigid and rigorous framework can be developed, it will
make it easier to decide how to make additions and to explain the
categories.
I have increasingly come to believe that there should be the absolute
minimum of defaults. Only if there is fundamental benefit to the
default should it be included. (At the least, please use this as the
starting framework and give ground only grudgingly.) The bytes saved
by not explicitly listing defaults simply are worth it. Defaults are
an opportunity for two systems to lose synch.
I now believe that Type should ALWAYS require a Subtype. It makes the
model cleaner and it shies away from defaults.
Getting more specific, I think that a Type of File should exist, separate
from Binary. I also suspect that External should be its own Type. It
fits into the theoretical framework of Application, since you have to run
a (file transfer) process, before using the data in the mail, but I think
that is stretching the model a bit. External has a very different feel,
to me, than any of the other content types.
Now for comments on what is already in your list:
A.2 Checksum: Sigh. This seems like it ought to be easy, but...
I see two different approaches to checksum. One is "link level" and the
other is "end to end". The link level one is part of Content-Encoding
and the end-to-end is Content-Type. That is, a Content-Encoding
checksum is created by whatever entity puts the content into its current
encoding and is based on the RESULT of the encoding. The one that is
used in Content-Type is computed by the content creator and is based upon
the ORIGINAL version of the content.
Both can be useful, but I think the major benefit is in end-to-end
checksums and want to STRONGLY suggest that it be placed on -Type, rather
than -Encoding.
I have an emotional bias towards puting the checksum value on the
header, rather than after the content, but that is a relatively minor
syntactic issue, compared with the basic point.
I also believe that checksums should not be optional, at least for any
of the content-types that are machine-oriented, such as audio, or binary.
A.3 Non-ASCII headers. Gee. I don't understand why an item about
RFC822 headers is being discussed in a document intended to specify
message body format... In other words, I strongly second Marshall's
observation that this otherwise very important topic has no business
in this, particular, document. Really.
B.4 Alphabet for boundaries. I suggest restricting the list of
graphics characters further, to eliminate any that are major special
characters in other systems, such as asterisk and question mark.
B.5 Regularizing the syntax. I applaud you on this, very, very strongly.
B.6 Character sets. Sounds like a good clean-up.
B.7 Text-plus. Hmmm. Sounds interesting. I had wondered whether
this was possible and still am not sure whether it is the right thing
to do, tho it certainly is a good goal. The issue, to me, is whether
Text-plus fits into the model differently than plain text. Since,
text-plus is intended for processing, in order to reach a 'final' form,
whereas plain text is complete and stable, one could argue that it is
better to keep them separate. On the other hand, the fewer -Types
the better.
B.8. Incomplete character sets. I strongly encourage eliminating anything
from the spec which is fuzzy, incomplete, mal-understood, or likely to
change out from under you soon. The document should attempt to be
a useful spec and reference for 10 years. The area of character
sets is, clearly, a mess at the international level and none of the
efforts of this working group have changed that. (ooops. I'll get off
the soap box, now.)
B.11 'binary' to 'file'
I think they are separate beasts. I do think that 'file' should exist.
---
Again, many, many thanks for producing your list.
Dave
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Acne is among the most typical skin conditions that change girls and men. Acne happens when your pores become clogged, and while the severity of symptoms can change, generally the indications contain inflamed development, whiteheads and blackheads. If you happen to be interested in taking control of your skin problems without using artificial substances then you definitely might be interested in using saw palmetto, although acne treatments usually include applying external medicines to the skin.
Saw Palmetto Acne
What’s Saw Palmetto?
Saw palmetto is understood for saw palmetto skill to help treat BPH in men; yet, the main active ingredients within saw palmetto may help reduce the severity of acne. Based on the University of Maryland Medical centre the main elements of this herb contain flavonoids, fatty acids and plant sterols.
Saw palmetto features a high concentration of polysaccharides, which are used by the body to improve the immune system in addition to work as an anti-inflammatory. Among the main advantages of saw palmetto is the way it can hinder the transformation of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.
While the studies regarding acne and saw palmetto are restricted, several studies have discovered the oral ingestion of saw palmetto may help reduce the severity of hormone-driven acne in guys and girls.
Saw Palmetto Medicine for Acne
Many people have been proven successful for by using saw palmetto for acne treatment. Possible has been reported by this herbal nutritional supplement to treat various ailments, including hormone imbalances, which might additionally be responsible for some instances of acne. Saw palmetto works isn’t completely comprehended, and its medicinal qualities aren’t scientifically established. The effectiveness of saw palmetto for acne is so questionable.
The saw palmetto tree is not large with long, palm leaves that are narrow. It’s native to the eastern shoreline of America and is found especially in the southeastern areas. Saw palmetto creates a fruit. Now, those deep red berries in many cases are sold commercially in capsule, pill, infused tea varieties and liquid infusion. Many people take saw palmetto supplements for its healing properties, considered to treat numerous ailments to hormone imbalances from urinary illnesses.
Hormones may become imbalanced at distinct points throughout a man’s life. Menopause, pregnancy and puberty, menstruation periods are crucial times for these changes. Some health care professionals suppose that the exact cause of acne is linked to hormone surges, while it is basically unknown. Androgens like testosterone are male hormones within the bodies of men and girls that might create an oil excess that clogs hair follicles and spurs bacteria growing, so resulting in acne.
A rise in pimples’ cause is because of the overproduction of sebum within your oil glands. This overproduction clogs your pores, which leads to pimples and inflammation.
Oral nutritional supplements of saw palmetto are easily accessible, and girls must not worry about taking what’s usually called a male nutritional supplement unless pregnant.
One dermatologist has created an external application that unites the most productive elements of saw palmetto with other natural acne-fighting materials. He indicates that saw palmetto holds promise as an acne treatment.
How safe if is saw palmetto
Medicine for Acne
Oral use of saw palmetto is usually considered safe. Based on one report of excessive bleeding during operation in a patient, a concern is that it might have anticoagulant properties.
Since saw palmetto seems to inhibit androgens, it could interfere with the estrogen in hormone therapies or oral contraceptive drugs. Saw palmetto should not be used by pregnant or nursing women. Any use of saw palmetto should be discussed with your physician prior to taking it, and particularly if you’re taking other medicines.
More especially, DHT production is suppressed by saw palmetto in the body, which is a powerful hormone generated by testosterone. This means that saw palmetto is frequently advocated to treat enlarged prostate in men, and it’s also believed in order to modulate unusual blood pressure and excessive hair development in girls.
For the many folks out there that consider that acne is only hormone-established, saw palmetto acne treatment is frequently recommended by them as a means to modulate hormones and minimise breakouts in the skin. Nevertheless, I must point out that there’s certainly no scientific support to this theory. The truth is that acne is due to a chain of events that is known, resulting in several different kinds of acne and all beginning with poor dietary customs.
Digestive problems that cause hazardous overload in the body, that will directly result in an imbalance of hormones are triggered by these poor dietary habits. Bacterial overgrowth will be created by this hormonal imbalance on the skin that causes acne, along with excessive oil production that also causes acne, and it’ll weaken the immune system to allow it to be hard for the skin to cure itself and resist acne.
From this example, it’s clear to view how critical it’s to attack acne at its source by first of all.
Yes, it might be potential for an alternative like a saw palmetto acne treatment provide temporary help to acne and to modulate some hormones, but would you trust in an acne treatment that doesn’t have scientific proof? This will ensure that your acne isn’t due to a hormonal imbalance in the first place, meaning you can not need a saw palmetto acne supplement.
Reviews
Saw palmetto was taken by me as a substitution for spironolactone for a very long while. I found that it wasn’t ineffective for my acne. Spironolactone worked within a week or two for me.
Joan.
Beta-sitosterol which is the active ingredient in saw palmetto was taken by me. It undoubtedly does what it’s assumed to at least for me. I’d no sex drive whatsoever as well as other strange stuff.
Elizabeth
Did not have any changes in libido or my breasts either, though I did have regular headaches that are moderate. Changed to Generic Benzac and found IMMEDIATE effects, as I’m seriously allergic to BP as well as using Generic Azelex. Generic Azelex and perfect skin have worked wonders on my adult acne.
Idle.
I’ve been taking 3 to equal 1800mg I may cut as it appears everyone requires lower to taking 2 pills. My acne has entirely ceased. Last week was horrible with reddish spots that are inflamed and new cystic acne regular, now it’s not red and totally smooth in any way. It is really amazing. Spearmint tea regular too as it is an anti-androgen is taken by me.
Diane.
I am 24, female and I have suffered from acne since I was 12. I’ve tried everything to treat my acne (except Accutane). I had a horrible acne flare up when I came off of it since to heal myself and I have been trying everything. I’d read it might help with acne in girls that have polycystic ovaries and a lot about saw palmetto. I purchased a bottle of the variation that was standardised by Swiss vitamins. Myself took it for 3 months but it never actually changed my skin any.
Saw palmetto side effects
Few serious side effects of saw palmetto are noted in the published scientific literature. The most common complaints involve the stomach and intestines and contain stomach pain, bad breath, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and diarrhoea. Stomach upset may be reduced by taking it with food. Some reports suggest that there may be less abdominal discomfort with the preparation lipid stearolic extract of Serenoa repens (LSESR). A few reports describe ulcers or liver damage and yellowing of the skin (jaundice), but the part of saw palmetto is unclear in these instances. Similarly, reports of chest pain, headache, dizziness, insomnia, depression, breathing problems, muscle pain, high blood pressure, abnormal heart rhythm, and heart disease have been reported, but aren’t definitely brought on by saw palmetto. Caution should be used by people with health states including the stomach, liver, heart, or lungs.
Caution is advised in individuals scheduled to get who have bleeding disorders, some operations or dental work, or who are taking drugs that may increase the risk of bleeding. Dosing adjustments may be crucial.
Some men using saw palmetto report difficulty with erections, testicular suffering, breast tenderness or enlargement, and changes in sexual desire. Saw palmetto may have effects on the body’s response to the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone, but no particular effect has been nicely illustrated in humans. Women or guys taking hormonal drugs (for example finasteride/Proscar(registered company)/Propecia(registered company) or birth control pills) or who have hormone-sensitive states should use caution. Tinctures may contain high amounts of booze and need to be avoided when driving or operating heavy machinery.
Consequently, there may be a delay in diagnosis of prostate cancer or interference with following PSA levels in men with known prostate cancer during tracking or treatment.
The mixed product PC-SPES(registered company), which includes saw palmetto and seven other herbs, has been found to include prescription drugs including warfarin, a blood thinner. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning not to use PC-SPES(registered company) for this reason, and it is no longer commercially available.
Maybe the reason that so many acne sufferers are willing to jump on the saw palmetto acne treatment bandwagon is because we all are seeking a gentle and natural treatment to clear up our skin!
However, making healthy changes in your diet to remove foods that contain chemical ingredients that are processed will enable you to encourage healthy digestion, flush your body of toxins, and keep all hormones in check. This is a completely natural and effective way of modulating hormones that don’t have any side effects, and you may also have the long-term advantage of improving your overall well-being as you clear up your skin.
Saw palmetto allergic reactions
Few allergic symptoms have been reported with saw palmetto. A study of people requiring the blended product PC-SPES(registered company) (no longer commercially available), which includes seven other herbs and saw palmetto, reports that three out of 70 individuals developed allergic reactions. In one case, the reaction comprised difficulty breathing and throat swelling.
Saw palmetto options for acne treatment
1) Generic Benzac (Pernox, Benzoyl Peroxide) contain a Acrylates Copolymer/glycerin complex. Acrylates Copolymer is miniature beads that are highly porous. Acrylates Copolymer beads soak up specific liquids efficiently, but they’re selective about what they’re able to consume. They could rapidly absorb oils, however, they can’t absorb water because water has a very high surface tension.
What does this mean practically in the treatment of acne? The beads come in contact with lipids, like sebum, that have a high affinity for the, when a topical product featuring Acrylates Copolymer/glycerin complex is applied to the face. The sebum is then absorbed by the beads.
Benzoyl Peroxide (Pernox) is an aid in treating acne. It’s recommended to begin treatment with 2.5%.
2) Generic Azelex (Azelaic Acid creme) is a mild emollient and moisturising formula suggested for the topical treatment of mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris. Aziderm is believed to work with dual ways of action – antimicrobial activity and normalisation of keratinization (the process by which epithelial cells develop as they go toward the skin surface then slough off) – which attacks two of the major causes of acne.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Rębielak
Rębielak, also Rebeliak or Rembeliak is a Polish-language surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Janusz Rębielak (born 1955), Polish architect and engineer
* Rick Rembielak, American college baseball coach
* Władysław Rębielak (1899-1970), Polish highly decorated military man
|
WIKI
|
A Pipeline Explosion Overshadows Enbridge's Earnings
Enbridge (NYSE: ENB) was looking like it was on the up and up during its last quarterly report, which showed off what its results look like as a single entity. It was making progress -- albeit slow progress -- on expanding its flagship main-line oil pipeline system, and its balance sheet was looking healthier by the day.
Instead of celebrating another good quarter, though, Enbridge is facing issues related to an explosion at one of its natural gas lines in Kentucky, the consequences of which are not yet known. Let's take a look at the most recent quarter and what investors can expect now that it is facing another pipeline nightmare.
Image source: Getty Images.
Enbridge earnings: The raw numbers
DATA SOURCE: ENBRIDGE EARNINGS RELEASE. EPS = EARNINGS PER SHARE. *PRIOR RELEASES LABELED THIS AS AVAILABLE CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS. CA$1.00 = US$0.76 as of 8/5/2019.
Thanks to Enbridge's consolidation plan that brought all of its subsidiary partnerships under one roof, it is much easier to see what is going on at each of the company's various segments without all the financial clutter. This past quarter, the company benefited largely from a new tariff regime for its liquids pipelines and some one-time gains in its energy services segment.
New CFO Colin Gruending noted on the conference call that some of these gains were unique, and investors should expect second-half numbers to be down slightly, especially in its energy services segment.
Data source: Enbridge.
What happened with Enbridge this quarter?
While it didn't happen during the quarter, there was an explosion at its Texas Eastern gas pipeline in Kentucky the day before its earnings release that resulted in one fatality and multiple injuries. The ramifications of this recent incident are not yet known. This is the second explosion related to the Texas Eastern pipeline this year, and the system has had 14 federal enforcement cases against it related to corrosion, integrity, and maintenance since 2005.
This recent pipeline explosion is already raising some concerns for both its Line 3 and Line 5 programs, as communities are now asking for further safety revisions of this plan. It still expects to complete the U.S. section of Line 3 in 2020 as management said in the previous quarter.
Management is now in discussion with its partners in the Bakken Pipeline System to increase capacity from 570,000 barrels per day to 1.1 million barrels per day.
The company didn't announce too many new projects, but that's expected with so much attention going toward its main line -- also known as Line 3 -- system expansion. The projects that got green-lit included expanding its natural gas lines to liquefied natural gas export facilities in the U.S. Gulf Coast, expanding its residential gas utility business in Ontario, and some new renewable energy projects.
Enbridge ended the quarter with a debt-to-EBITDA ratio of 4.6 times, which puts it at the lower end of management's target leverage range.
What management had to say
While the recent pipeline explosion is likely going to loom over the company for some time, management spent quite a bit of time discussing some new investments in offshore wind. After selling stakes in several of its wind facilities to clean up the balance sheet, Enbridge is now looking at some large-scale offshore wind facilities in Europe. Here's CEO Al Monaco discussing its newest project off the coast of Saint-Nazaire in France and its intention for more projects coming soon.
We have three late-stage development projects in France. All three have just cleared permitting and we are recently awarded another PPA [power purchasing agreement]. This week, we've FID'd [reached final investment decision] the first one of these in the queue Saint-Nazaire, with our partner EDF, this is the one on the North West Coast that you see on the slide.
Our $1.8 billion investment comes with a mid-teen return. But what we really like about it is that PPA comes with better protection for wind production variances. So you've got excellent transparency to cash flow and this is actually a very unique PPA structure. Importantly, this is a project finance, which results in minimal equity requirement by us of about $300 million equivalent. So it's easily falling within our self-funding plan and we'd expect to be generating cash flow by late 2022. Moving forward, Saint-Nazaire makes two other permitted French projects more likely to be FID ready over the next 12 to 18 months.
You can read a full transcript of Enbridge's conference call here.
ENB data by YCharts.
Looking forward
Enbridge's announcements for some new natural gas and renewable projects are a welcome sign, because the expansion of its mainline system will make its liquids pipeline business segment even more dominant than it is today. Adding some revenue diversity should help to offset any future issues with its oil pipelines.
The recent gas line explosion is a hard-to-quantify variable right now that could potentially lead to some big expenses related to fixing the line. That could take some time, though, so investors should keep an eye out for any updates on this incident and what may be needed to both fix this line and assuage concerns from communities regarding other Enbridge pipelines.
10 stocks we like better than Enbridge
When investing geniuses David and Tom Gardner have a stock tip, it can pay to listen. After all, the newsletter they have run for over a decade, Motley Fool Stock Advisor, has quadrupled the market.*
David and Tom just revealed what they believe are the ten best stocks for investors to buy right now... and Enbridge wasn't one of them! That's right -- they think these 10 stocks are even better buys.
See the 10 stocks
*Stock Advisor returns as of June 1, 2019
Tyler Crowe has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool owns shares of and recommends Enbridge. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Selective Nerve Block
Selective nerve root blocks are similar to epidurals. Instead of injecting medication to cover all of the nerve roots, selective blocks are done so as to cover just one or two nerve roots. They involve injecting medication to numb just one or two of the spinal nerves.
There are two types of selective nerve root blocks: diagnostic and therapeutic. When one does a diagnostic block, just enough medication is placed to numb exactly one root. By doing this, the doctor can determine if the nerve root is causing the pain. Therapeutic blocks involve more medication and different medication.
Nerve roots are attached to the spinal cord. One exits each side of the spine at every vertebral level. These nerves carry signals throughout the body from the skin to the muscles. When one of the nerve roots is irritated, patients may experience pain, numbness, tingling, and sometimes weakness down an arm or a leg. A diagnostic selective block can be used to prove that a pinched nerve is the problem.
The blocks get rid of arm or leg pain about half of the time. They are not used for midline back pain.
Where will the medicine be injected?
A selective nerve root block may be performed in any area of the spine. The neck and low back are injected most commonly.
Most people describe the procedure as only a little uncomfortable. Sedation is given before the block and the skin is numbed as well.
How long will it take?
Just as for an epidural, you can expect to be in the surgery center for about one to two hours. The nurses will place an intravenous catheter in your vein, and attach monitors to check your heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen levels. The procedure takes 10 to 15 minutes.
You may have some numbness for a short while after the block. You will be discharged when you can safely walk.
Are there any restrictions afterward?
You may not drive yourself home. The medicines used for sedation cause drowsiness. You may eat, drink, and move normally but do not do heavy lifting or excessive bending, twisting, pushing, or pulling for at least a few days.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Jérôme Anthony
Jérôme Finkelstejn better known as Jérôme Anthony is a French television presenter. Born in Nancy, France on 11 November 1968, he has presented many entertainment and reality shows on RTL9, TF1, France 2, Disney Channel, W9 and M6. He is the son of the proprietor of the Anthony clothing store and adopted the name as his stage name.
He started broadcasting at the age of 14 as a radio announcer on a weekly show called Bleu Citron on "Rockin' Chair" radio in Nancy. He eventually quit his studies to consecrate all his time to radio and worked on the local Nancy affiliate of Radio Fun for many years. He also produced many jingles and ads, most notably for "Solitair's Club" in Nancy.
His national fame started with the program Sacrée Soirée presented by Jean-Pierre Foucault on TF1, and as a candidate appearing in the talent show Jeune talent staying for 10 consecutive weeks. Then he releasing a CD that included "Quelque part, quelqu'un" composed by Didier Barbelivien.
In 2008-2009, he presented the television show Drôle de réveil! on M6 alongside Zuméo and Amélie Bitoun. He was also a host of Nouvelle Star, a French version of Idol on W9 and later M6 with Estelle Denis and in Nouvelle Star, ça continue with Camille Combal. In 2009, co-presented Absolument Stars and on M6. Also in 2009, he presented La France a un incroyable talent, ça continue as a second follow-up broadcast if the popular La France a un incroyable talent also on M6.
In 2010 he presented the M6 reality show Un trésor dans votre maison. In 2011, it was announced he would co-host the second series of French X Factor alongside Sandrine Corman.
Television
Jérôme Anthony has been host and co-host of:
* Zapping Zone (1997-2004) Disney Channel
* Drôle de réveil! (2008-2009), M6
* Nouvelle Star, ça continue (2008-2009), W9 then M6
* La France a un incroyable talent, ça continue (2009) M6
* Un trésor dans votre maison (2010) M6
* X Factor (2011), M6
|
WIKI
|
Insomnia: What Not to Do After Being Awake All Night
While it may be tempting to drink an energy drink or take a long nap, these are not the best solutions to your fatigue after being awake all night.
Insomnia: What Not to Do After Being Awake All Night
Last update: 18 May, 2022
If you have insomnia, you might struggle to fall asleep or stay asleep. Keep in mind that there are some things you shouldn’t do after being awake all night. If you avoid doing these things, you’ll feel healthier and better the next morning. Here are some tips regarding the most common mistakes people make after being awake all night, tossing and turning.
You might like: Beat Insomnia With These Four Tips
Don’t Do These Things After Being Awake All Night
1. Drink one of those famous energy drinks
Woman awake all night in bed with insomnia
You can have a nice hot coffee, take a nap or drink tea throughout the day, but don’t ever have an energy drink. They’re no good for you since they’re filled with ingredients that are bad for your body.
2. Not get any exercise
When you haven’t rested enough at night, your blood sugar levels, cholesterol, and heartbeat may be affected or disrupted. That can make you feel tired all day. In addition, you might feel overwhelmed by fatigue at the wrong place or time.
Two women exercising outside bikes awake all night
The best thing to do is try to get some exercise since physical activity, especially the cardiovascular kindhelps release adrenaline and that will keep you awake.
Here’s another popular and effective trick. When you go outside, look up at the sky. If there are no clouds to be seen, stare a few minutes up into that big blue. This sets off a biochemical reaction that helps block the production of melatonin, a hormone that makes you feel sleepy.
3. Take a nap that’s more than 15 minutes long
Experts recommend having a nice cup of coffee and then a fifteen-minute nap. Studies suggest that caffeine takes twenty minutes to kick in so if you lay down for fifteen minutes, you’ll feel great. If you sleep for more than fifteen, it will have the opposite effect because your body will think it’s time for sleep.
4. Wear a ton of makeup
When you don’t sleep enough at night, you don’t look your best. You’re paler, your eyes are bloodshot red, and you have dark circles or bags under your eyes.
After being up all night due to insomnia, most people end up looking a bit like an ugly duckling. You transform because during the night your sweat glands release an enormous amount of toxins.
Since you didn’t get a full night’s sleep, the cells can’t do what they usually do and are supposed to do while you’re sleeping.
Woman with green eye makeup awake all night
The most natural way to solve this problem is to exfoliate with a natural product to get your blood circulating. To handle the bags under your eyes, you can use a special cream or press warm chamomile tea bags on your closed eyes. Try not to put on too much makeup.
Get Help for Insomnia
A good night’s sleep is vital for our well-being and health. If we don’t get it, we put our body at risk and lower our quality of life. We’ll look worse and we’ll be tired and stressed out.
Although these are quick solutions after being awake all night, you need to find an effective permanent solution for your insomnia. Therefore, you should see a professional about your insomnia. Additionally, don’t downplay your condition: make sure you figure out why you are unable to get a full night’s rest.
All cited sources were thoroughly reviewed by our team to ensure their quality, reliability, currency, and validity. The bibliography of this article was considered reliable and of academic or scientific accuracy.
• Reissig, C. J., Strain, E. C., & Griffiths, R. R. (2009). Caffeinated energy drinks—a growing problem. Drug and alcohol dependence99(1-3), 1-10.
• Auyeung, T. W., Lee, J. S. W., Leung, J., Kwok, T., Leung, P. C., Woo, J., & Wing, Y. K. (2013). Cognitive deficit is associated with phase advance of sleep–wake rhythm, daily napping, and prolonged sleep duration—a cross-sectional study in 2,947 community-dwelling older adults. Age35(2), 479-486.
• Horne, J., Anderson, C., & Platten, C. (2008). Sleep extension versus nap or coffee, within the context of ‘sleep debt’. Journal of sleep research17(4), 432-436.
The contents of this publication are for informational purposes only. At no time can they serve to facilitate or replace the diagnoses, treatments, or recommendations of a professional. Consult with your trusted specialist if you have any doubts and seek their approval before beginning any procedure.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
What is borderline personality disorder?
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) or BPD, is a serious personality disorder marked by difficulties in managing intense emotions. It’s not consistent across all relationships in someone’s life; sometimes, it affects just one close relationship, occasionally family members, and unfortunately, at times, all connections are impacted.
Typically, symptoms of BPD emerge during adolescence or early adulthood. Coping with a marriage involving someone with BPD is especially demanding for both partners.
Individuals with BPD often exhibit remarkable professional abilities but grapple with chaotic and conflict-ridden home lives. Mood swings, struggles with self-regulation, and difficulty managing thoughts and feelings are common. Impulsivity often leads to erratic relationships for those with BPD.
Causes of borderline personality disorder
The causes and risk factors behind Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) remain inconclusive in research. There’s a strong belief in a lasting genetic predisposition, yet scientists also emphasize the interplay between genetics and environmental influences.
Additionally, developmental trauma during childhood is seen as a significant contributor to BPD. Adverse experiences like emotional, physical, or sexual abuse, significant loss, neglect, or bullying can contribute to ongoing psychological struggles. The prevailing theory suggests that certain individuals may be more prone to developing BPD due to their biology or genetics. These genetic factors could be intensified by repeated adverse childhood experiences, heightening the likelihood of a BPD pattern emerging.
Borderline personality disorder is hard to treat
BPD presents a formidable challenge in treatment due to its frequent coexistence with other issues like depression, anxiety, and eating disorders.
To complicate matters further, alcoholism, drug addiction, and additional personality disorders or mental health conditions often accompany BPD, leading to its classification into various sub-types in clinical settings.
Navigating a marriage affected by borderline personality disorder poses persistent challenges on multiple fronts. Despite apparent symptoms, BPD can be overlooked, causing delays in diagnosis that significantly hinder the recovery process.
In some cases, Borderline Personality Disorder is mistaken for Bipolar Disorder, primarily because both conditions involve significant mood instability, making accurate diagnosis crucial.
Seasoned practitioners know that it is impossible to base a diagnosis strictly on how quickly mood changes. Both involve mood instability. Bipolar disorder may exhibits longer-lasting mood changes, spanning weeks or months, but mood can also shift in minutes, just as BPD can.
Extensive research over the years has led to evidence-based treatment approaches that are proving to be effective.
Interestingly, the term “Borderline Personality Disorder” might not entirely capture the essence of this syndrome, which could be more aptly termed an “Affect Regulation Disorder.”
The tumult caused by Borderline Personality Disorder in a marriage is profound. Is your relationship affected by BPD?
Gender
Gender dynamics in borderline personality disorder have undergone close scrutiny, but the conclusions have evolved. Early research made sweeping claims about BPD and gender, suggesting a higher prevalence among women. However, recent, more reliable studies have debunked this notion, revealing no significant gender-based differences in BPD occurrence.
Yet, distinctions emerge in how BPD manifests across genders. Men and women present with diverse symptoms and behaviors. Men with BPD often exhibit explosive temperaments, higher novelty seeking, and a higher likelihood of substance abuse issues. Conversely, women with BPD tend to showcase anxiety, mood disorders, eating disorders, and developmental trauma.
There’s a divergence in treatment approaches too. Men with BPD are more inclined toward antisocial personality disorder and have a history of substance abuse treatment. On the other hand, women typically receive talk therapy and psychotropic medication.
The connection between BPD in men and Gottman’s notion of post-divorce “Pitbulls” who fear abandonment intensely is an intriguing point for exploration. BPD’s impact on marriages remains damaging, regardless of the gender affected.
Borderline personality disorder: marriage and divorce trauma
Statistics around marriage and divorce among individuals with BPD present a distinct pattern. Surprisingly, despite the considerable impact of borderline personality disorder on marriages, individuals with BPD don’t exhibit higher divorce rates than the general population. By the age of around 40, approximately 35% of individuals with BPD experience divorce, no different than any other couple.
However, divorce for those with BPD represents a significant emotional upheaval, leading to trauma. Consequently, they are notably less inclined to remarry after a divorce. Around 10% of individuals with BPD remarry by the age of 40, which is nearly half the remarriage rate of the general population.
The reluctance to remarry among individuals with BPD might stem from intense abandonment fears. Studies indicate that these fears are deeply ingrained, persistently tormenting individuals with BPD and proving challenging to address in therapy. This fear of abandonment intertwines with the interpersonal challenges at the core of BPD, particularly within the context of marriage
Originally published November 11, 2016
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
More or Less (radio programme)
More or Less is an investigative BBC Radio 4 programme about the accuracy of numbers and statistics in the public domain. The programme often addresses statistical issues which pertain to topics in the news.
The programme was created in 2001 by Michael Blastland as a one-off series of six programmes presented by Andrew Dilnot. The positive response to the show led to its becoming a regular programme, first with two series a year and since the winter series of 2008–2009, with three.
As well as the 30-minute Radio 4 programme, there is also a nine-minute BBC World Service edition that runs throughout the year. Both versions appear in the programme's podcast stream. The World Service edition either repeats an item from Radio 4 or has original material (usually when the Radio 4 show is off air). The programme is normally broadcast (as at September 2020) 9:02 to 9:30am on Wednesday.
In 2007, Blastland and Dilnot published a related book, The Tiger That Isn't: Seeing Through a World of Numbers about misuse of statistics.
Guests of the show have included Angus Deaton, Mark Lynas, Hannah Ritchie, and Richard Blundell.
Since October 2007 the show has been presented by Tim Harford.
Awards
* Royal Statistical Society's 2010 award for statistical excellence in broadcast journalism
* Mensa's award for promoting intelligence in public life
|
WIKI
|
Sangeet Sharada
Sangeet Sharada is an 1899 Marathi Sangeet Natak (Musical play), written and directed by playwright Govind Ballal Deval. The play is considered as the first play in Marathi to showcase the social problems and broke the norms by dealing with the subject of child marriage when dramatic literature in India mainly focused on historical-mythological narrations.
Over the period of time, various stage actors like Bal Gandharva, Vishnupant Pagnis, Bhalchandra Pendharkar have performed the lead role of Sharada. Going with the format of Sangeet Natak, play had more than 50 songs, penned and composed by Govind Ballal Deval himself and music attained a cult status over the period of time.
The play "is considered to be a pioneer in social drama in India" and gained the popularity in such a way that when the Child Marriage Restraint Act, proposed by Haribilas Sarda, also known "Sarda Act", was passed in 1929; it was mistaken to be named after the play as "Sharada Act".
Plot
Bhujanganath, a geriatric widower, wants to marry one more time so that he can have heir to his property, thus befriends Bhadreshwar Dixit, a middleman, who would help him in finding a young bride. Though a well known person in the village, Dixit finds difficulties in getting a bride for Bhujanganath, as nobody agrees for the proposal because of his old age. Dixit convinces Bhujanganath to visit other villages to search for brides and advises him to behave like a wealthy person, which would make it easier to get a bride for Bhujanganath.
Both along with Kodand, a young orphaned Purohit, visit Gangapur and manage to convince people in the village that Bhujanganath is a rich and young man. Kanchanbhat who wishes to marry his young teenage daughter, Sharada, to a rich person hears about Bhujanganath's arrival in the village. He approaches Dixit with the help of one of his friends, Suvarnashastri and readily accepts the proposal when Dixit proposes ₹ 5000 as dowry in marriage. Indirakaku, Kanchanbhat's wife and Sharada's mother, disagrees for the marriage when she learns the truth about Bhujanganath. When Kodand visits Kanchanbhat's house along with Dixit, he opposes the marriage and threatens Dixit and Bhujanganath that he will tell the truth and will also lodge a complaint in the police station as the proposed marriage is planned between an old person and a teenager. Frightened Dixit locks Kodand in the basement.
With Kodand missing, villagers start inquiring about Bhujanganath and Dixit. Sharada, after meeting Bhujanganath in person, opposes for the marriage but her father Kanchanbhat does not pay any heed and starts the preparation for the marriage. With the help of a friend, Kodand manages to escape from the custody.
On the day of marriage, Kodand accompanied by police, reaches the marriage venue and exposes Bhujanganath and Dixit. Police arrests both of them. Sharada runs away from the venue and decides to commit suicide. But Kodand convinces Sharada and proposes her for the marriage. Sharada accepts the proposal and both of them decides to get married.
Characters
The play had number of characters. Some of them even had songs which were rendered by themselves.
* Bhujanganath (Shrimant): a 75-year-old widower
* Kodand: an orphaned Purohit and male protagonist
* Kanchanbhat: Sharada's father
* Janhavi, Sharayu, Vallari, Mandakini, Triveni and Tunga: Sharada's friends
* Bhadreshwar Dixit: a middleman
* Sharada: a teenager, young bride and female protagonist
* Indirakaku: Sharada's mother
* Jayant: Sharada's younger brother
* Hiranyagarbha (Shyamsundar), Suvarnashastri, Shitikanth, Pushkarbhat, Kaustubh, Upadhyay, Kotwal, Bimbacharya, Vetalik, Ramanandcharya, Jagadguru: villagers and other characters
List of songs
The play, being a musical, had plenty of songs. All the songs were penned and composed by Govind Ballal Deval.
* Act One
* Act Two
* Act Three
* Act Four
* Act Five
In society
Prior to staging of Sangeet Sharada, plays with historical and mythological stories were popular in Marathi theater. With a message to abolish child marriage from society, the play became "a pioneer in social drama in India" in 1899. The show gained popularity in such a way that when Child Marriage Restraint Act, also known as "Sarda Act" was passed, it was mistaken to be named after the play as "Sharada Act". Passed on September 28, 1929, the act was proposed by Haribilas Sarda and was actually called so after his surname.
The songs of the drama still remain popular. The song "Mhatara Ituka na" was used in 2011 Marathi film Balgandharva. Recently in January 2012, a modern version of the play Sangeet Sharada - A Reality Show was staged in Mumbai. The revived play gave a modern perspective to the play. All songs from the original drama were used; some used the new genre of music in them. The play was staged by employees of Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai. In 2011, the play was also transliterated into Braille script.
Incidentally, on 21 December 1909 while the play was being performed at the Vijayanand Natyagruha, Nashik, the then British Collector of Nashik, A. M. T. Jackson was shot dead by the freedom fighter Anant Laxman Kanhere. The play was being performed by Annasaheb Kirloskar's Kirloskar Natak Mandali where the lead role of Sharada was being played by Bal Gandharva.
|
WIKI
|
Starboard Value Pushes Macy’s to Pursue Deals for Its Real Estate
A prominent activist shareholder urged Macy’s on Monday to continue pursuing potential deals for its real estate, bringing in partners to help generate cash from the retailer’s famed holdings like Herald Square in Manhattan. The shareholder, the hedge fund Starboard Value, wrote in a publicly disclosed letter that it was pleased with Macy’s plan to pursue “joint venture structures” for its properties. Starboard estimated the value of the assets at about $21 billion, or nearly double the company’s $11 billion market value as of Friday’s close. The letter comes after Macy’s reported slumping holiday sales, the latest blow to a retailer that has been suffering from competition by discounters like T.J. Maxx and fast fashion outlets like H&M. In its results, the company added that it has enlisted Eastdil Secured, Credit Suisse and Goldman Sachs to help it essentially sell minority stakes in its property. Among the interested suitors is Tishman Speyer, the big real estate firm. Macy’s has already dismissed calls to consider more drastic options for its real estate, including spinning it off into a real estate investment trust. (That strategy, long beloved by activist hedge funds, appears close to disappearing after the House of Representatives passed legislation ending the tax benefits of such a move.) The letter from Starboard says that Macy’s plans appear to mirror the hedge fund’s thinking, and that the potential joint ventures would yield significant amounts of cash that could be used to pay down debt and showcase the value of those holdings. “Despite what is clearly a challenging retail environment, we believe the execution of the real estate strategy outlined in the attached presentation can create meaningful and lasting value for shareholders,” Jeffrey C. Smith, Starboard’s managing member, wrote in the letter. “When matched with an operational turnaround plan that includes hundreds of millions in cost reductions and margin improvement, we believe Macy’s is an extremely attractive investment.” In a statement, Macy’s said that Starboard’s argument “is consistent with actions already underway” at the company. The cordial tone of Starboard’s letter contrasts with its bare-knuckled approach at Yahoo, where the hedge fund is weighing a potential board challenge to force Yahoo into weighing a sale of its mainstay Internet businesses.
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Fix: Incompatible device specified for device ’0′ when cold migrating VMware guest
I received the following error message when using the vSphere Client to cold migrate a VMware guest running on ESX 3.0.2 to a new datastore :
Incompatible device specified for device ’0′
The migration failed at 99%. VMware KB 9105247 suggested the problem was an attached .ISO image file. No .ISOs were showing as attached in the VI client, so I edited the guest’s .vmx file. I found the following in the .vmx file:
ide0:0.fileName = “/usr/lib/vmware/isoimages/windows.iso”
So although the VI client did not indicate there was an .ISO file attached to the CD-ROM, the guest thought there was one. I removed the CD-ROM from the guest’s configuration and re-added it, and the .vmx file was changed to the following:
ide0:0.deviceType = “cdrom-raw”
I then started the storage migration once more, and it completed successfully.
Script to gracefully power off a VM guest
You can use vmware-cmd to shut down a VMware guest. The syntax is
vmware-cmd /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/guest1/guest1.vmx stop
Powering off a VM guest is often part of a larger script, so I need to know when the guest is really down before executing the remainder of my script. The following code checks the guest’s state using getstate. If the state=1, which means it’s still running, the script waits for the shutdown to complete.
# gently power off VM
vmware-cmd /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/guest1/guest1.vmx stop
# check VM state
# If not powered off (state=0), sleep, and recheck VM state in 15 seconds
while [ ` vmware-cmd /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/guest1/guest1.vmx getstate|grep on|wc -l` -eq 1 ]
do
echo "Waiting for VM guest to shutdown...."
sleep 15
let COUNT=COUNT+1
# check VM guest state 8 times
if [ $COUNT -eq 8 ]
then
echo "VM guest shutdown is taking too long. Cannot shut down guest VM."
skip="1"
fi
done
Replace datastore1 with the name of and path to your datastore. Replace guest1 with the name of your VMware guest. Tested on Vmware ESX 3.0.2.
VMware Express Patch for ESX and ESXi 3.5 now available
Yesterday I wrote that VMware was promising a patch by noon PDT today to address their licensing issue that caused version 3.5 Update 2 ESX and ESXi machines not to power on, suspended machines not to leave suspended mode, and machines not be able to be migrated via Vmotion.
Well, VMware has released patches for both systems ahead of schedule. You can read about the patches here, or go directly to download the ESX or ESXi version of the patch.
You can read a huge thread on the VMware Communities forum about the experiences network administrators have had with this bug. It’s currently 42 pages long, and lets just say many administrators who have tauted VMware’s software as the answer to high availability challenges have egg on their face today. The thread is so lengthy the moderator has created new separate threads for technical and non-technical feedback.
You can also read a post from VMware CEO Paul Maritz about this issue.
Free VMware ESXi licenses
VMware is now offering free licenses of it’s popular ESXi hypervisor. Your license includes VMware ESXi, VMware Virtual SMP, and VMware VMFS.
VMware ESXi is a full fledged bare-metal hypervisor that fits into a 32MB footprint. VMware ESXi is essentially VMware ESX without the server console.
You can run virtual machines created by Microsoft Virtual Server, Microsoft Virtual PC 7 or greater, VMware Server on VMware ESXi by using the free VMware Converterto import virtual machines. VMware Converter also supports conversions from sources such as physical machines and certain 3rd party disk image formats.
Virtualizing servers is not a trend, but the future of the datacenter. If you’re still maintaining all physical servers, now is the time to give virtualization solutions consideration.
Free ConfigCheck Utility for VMware ESX host security assesment
Tripwire has a free, Windows based security assessment tool called ConfigCheck for VMware ESX hosts. It rapidly assesses the security of VMware ESX hypervisor configurations compared to the VMware Infrastructure 3 Security Hardening guidelines. According to the VMware website:
Tripwire ConfigCheckTMis a free utility you can use to rapidly assess the security of your VMware ESX host configurations, according to the VMware security hardening guidelines. Co-developed by VMware and Tripwire, ConfigCheck provides an immediate assessment of the server configuration to ensure VMware Infrastructure environments are properly configured.
Tripwire ConfigCheck is simple & easy to use. To properly install & start-up the utility, follow these steps or read the blog posting:
To install and run ConfigCheck:
1. Download the file configcheck.zip to a Windows machine that has Java Runtime Environment (JRE) version 1.5, or higher.
2. Unzip the configcheck.zip file
3. Double click on the file configcheck.cmd
4. Accept the license agreement
5. Enter the ESX host and user credentials
6. Click the “Check Configuration” button
Once the check is complete you can click the test results to view remediation steps and view the Tripwire ConfigCheck Remediation Guide. You can also listen to the Tripwire Podcast Operationalizing VMware ESX Best Practices – Introducing Tripwire ConfigCheck.
Follow
Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.
Join 32 other followers
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
The Contemporary Ballad Book
The Contemporary Ballad Book was a 1974 Joan Baez compilation, released by Vanguard after the success of the Joan Baez Ballad Book. Unlike the first Ballad Book, this one focused on singer-songwriter material, rather than traditional folk. This new compilation contained one previously unreleased track, the Italian song, C'era un ragazzo che come me amava i Beatles e i Rolling Stones ('There was this guy who, just like me, loved the Beatles and the Rolling Stones'), taken from Baez' performance at the Isle of Wight Festival.
Track listing
* 1) "North Country Blues" (Bob Dylan)
* 2) "It Ain't Me, Babe" (Bob Dylan)
* 3) "Children of Darkness" (Richard Fariña)
* 4) "C'era Un Ragazzo Che Come Me Amava i Beatles e i Rolling Stones" (M. Lusini, F. Migliacci)
* 5) "Poor Wayfaring Stranger" (traditional)
* 6) "Birmingham Sunday" (Richard Fariña)
* 7) "San Francisco Mabel Joy" (Mickey Newbury)
* 8) "Be Not Too Hard" (Donovan)
* 9) "Restless Farewell" (Bob Dylan)
* 10) "Ranger's Command" (Woody Guthrie)
* 11) "Long Black Veil" (Marijohn Wilkin)
* 12) "Hickory Wind" (Gram Parsons)
* 13) "The Lady Came from Baltimore" (Tim Hardin)
* 14) "I Dreamed I Saw St. Augustine" (Bob Dylan)
* 15) "The Tramp on the Street" (traditional)
* 16) "Saigon Bride" (Joan Baez, Nina Duschek)
* 17) "Donna Donna" (Sholom Secunda, Aaron Zeitlin, A. Kevess, T. Schwartz)
* 18) "Song in the Blood" (Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Jacques Prévert)
* 19) "The Magic Wood" (Henry Treece)
* 20) "Babe, I'm Gonna Leave You" (A. Bredon)
|
WIKI
|
Jefferson Healthcare
Jefferson Healthcare is a health system consisting of Jefferson Healthcare Hospital and a number of community clinics in Port Townsend, Washington, USA.
With over 850 employees, Jefferson Healthcare is the largest employer in Jefferson County. The hospital and clinics employ about 120 physicians and midlevel professionals (nurse practitioners and physician assistants). About half of the revenue comes from Medicare.
|
WIKI
|
Push API Usage Example
Assuming that you have created a secured Push source along with a security identity provider (see Create a Push Source and Create a Security Identity Provider for a Secured Push Source), you could use the Push API as shown below to add a raw text item to your source:
Request
PUT https://api.cloud.coveo.com/push/v1/organizations/mycoveocloudv2organizationg8tp8wu3/sources/mysourceidg3c5d1r2/documents?documentId=file%3A%2F%2Ffolder%2Fmytext.txt HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer **********-****-****-****-************
Payload (see Item Models - DocumentBody)
{
"author": "Alice Smith",
"date": "2017-11-08T12:18:41.666Z",
"documenttype": "Text",
"filename": "mytext.txt",
"language": [
"English"
],
"permanentid": "sample95829alice84720permanent93829id",
"sourcetype": "Push",
"title": "My Text",
"fileExtension": ".txt",
"data": "This is a sample text written by Alice Smith.",
"permissions": [
{
"allowAnonymous": false,
"allowedPermissions": [
{
"identity": "AlphaTeam",
"identityType": "Group"
}
],
"deniedPermissions": [
{
"identity": "bob@example.com",
"identityType": "User"
}
]
}
]
}
In the above example, several metadata (e.g., author, date, documenttype, etc.) are pushed along with the item. These metadata will be mapped to corresponding fields in the index (see About Push Source Item Metadata).
The data property contains the item body itself (simple, raw text in this instance). Be aware that there are other ways to push the body of an item, depending on your specific needs (see Pushing Item Data).
Finally, the item has a set of permissions (see Simple Permission Model Definition Examples). Specifying a permission model is necessary when adding an item to a secured Push source that doesn’t itself have a global permission model in its configuration. In this particular instance, the permission model implies that the item will be accessible by all security identities that are members of the AlphaTeam group, excluding user bob@example.com.
You must define the security identities this permission model refers to, so that allowed users will be able to access the item in their query results. The following request defines the AlphaTeam group in the security identity provider which has been associated to the secured Push source (see Security Identity Definition Examples - Defining a Basic Group):
Request
PUT https://api.cloud.coveo.com/push/v1/organizations/mycoveocloudv2organizationg8tp8wu3/providers/mysecurityidentityproviderc6s1f3e/permissions HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer **********-****-****-****-************
Payload (see Security Identity Models - IdentityBody)
{
"identity": {
"name": "AlphaTeam",
"type": "GROUP"
},
"members": [
{
"name": "alice@example.com",
"type": "USER"
},
{
"name": "bob@example.com",
"type": "USER"
},
{
"name": "david@example.com",
"type": "USER"
}
]
}
As this stands, the group members (i.e., alice@example.com, bob@example.com, and david@example.com) wouldn’t be recognized by the provider. The recommended way to fix this is to create an alias relationship between each of those group members and the corresponding user in the Email Security Provider. In addition to allowing your provider to detect those users, doing so will allow those users to access content across many secured enterprise systems (see About the Email Security Provider). The following request defines an alias for user alice@example.com (you would perform similar requests to define aliases for users bob@example.com and david@example.com):
Request
PUT https://api.cloud.coveo.com/push/v1/organizations/mycoveocloudv2organizationg8tp8wu3/providers/mysecurityidentityproviderc6s1f3e/mappings HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer **********-****-****-****-************
Payload (see Security Identity Models - MappedIdentityBody)
{
"Identity": {
"Name": "alice@example.com",
"Type": "USER"
},
"Mappings": [
{
"Name": "alice@example.com",
"Type": "USER",
"Provider": "Email Security Provider"
}
]
}
Validating the Push Operations
If you have completed the previous steps, you can validate the success of your push operations by navigating to the Content Browser of the Coveo Administration Console. If you check the View all content box in the Preferences, the item should appear. You may however have to wait a few minutes for your item push request to be processed (see About the Push API Processing Delay).
You can double-click the item to inspect its properties. In particular, you can validate the security identities. The image below shows that alice@example.com and david@example.com both have access to the item, while bob@example.com doesn’t, as expected. Moreover, you can see that the alias relationships for alice@example.com and david@example.com are functional, the access being granted under Email Security Provider as well as under mysecurityidentityproviderc8d9s8d. In contrast, bob@example.com is denied access in both providers.
What’s Next
In this example, each item and security identity is pushed individually. However, the Push API also allows you to manage items and security identities in batches. A good way to learn about this feature is to do the third Push API tutorial (see also Manage Batches of Items in a Push Source and Manage Batches of Security Identities).
The Push API Tutorials as a whole can also introduce you to more advanced concepts such as creating complex permission models, using custom mappings, etc.
What's Next for Me?
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
4
Let's say I want to provide partial input to an interactive function such as insert-char. For example, I might want to have a command that automatically starts typing GREEK SMALL LETTER or BOX DRAWINGS.
This does not work, because call-interactively exits before insert is called:
(defun insert-box-drawing-char ()
(interactive)
(call-interactively 'insert-char)
(insert "BOX DRAWING"))
How can I provide partial input to an interactive function?
3
• Sounds like this might be an X-Y question. Maybe try to explain why you think you want to do this - what you are really trying to do. Just a suggestion.
– Drew
Commented Apr 17, 2015 at 5:17
• In this case, my use case of inserting specific characters is presented purely as example. An interesting X question in this case would be "How do I efficiently work with a subset of characters?". Another one would be "How can I filter the choices to an interactive function?". If those sound interesting, it would be great of you to add them to the community wiki. In this case I am curious about the technique of inserting text into the minibuffer, since I believe it may be a generally useful thing to know. Commented Apr 17, 2015 at 15:35
• This will not help for a use case such as this one, where you do not have access to the call that initiates minibuffer reading (what's more, insert-char is coded in C), but it's maybe good to remind readers that both completing-read and read-from-minibuffer let you pass an INITIAL-INPUT argument, and you can position the cursor anywhere within that string, which is inserted in the minibuffer to start with. (Vanilla Emacs considers INITIAL-INPUT to be deprecated for completing-read, but that proscription can be ignored.)
– Drew
Commented Apr 19, 2015 at 15:25
1 Answer 1
5
So you want to invoke a command and have a given string automatically inserted at that command's interactive prompt.
You can do this using minibuffer-setup-hook, and there is a handy macro which takes care of adding and removing the desired function to this hook, while ensuring that it only runs when you wanted it to run:
(minibuffer-with-setup-hook
(lambda () (insert "BOX DRAWING"))
(call-interactively 'insert-char))
Your Answer
By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
User:Eriksundelof
Erik is currently the CTO of Spot.us, a global platform for community-funded local reporting (winner of the Knight News Challenge). Previously, Erik co-founded Allvoices.com, where he served as the VP of Social Media and User Interface. Allvoices.com is a global community that shares news, videos, images and opinions.
Erik was a fellow in the Reuters Digital Vision Program (http://www.rdvp.org) at Stanford University between 2005-2006. As an RDVP fellow, he created the website inthefieldONLINE.net, which drew widespread recognition from major global media including PBS, CNN and BBC, and was featured on Discovery International’s Rewind 2006 as one of the 25 highlights of the Year.
Erik is a prolific blogger, and is considered an expert on social and user-generated media, group dynamics, cellphone technology, and community building. He has directed the launch, architecture and concept of several social media sites including En Glamourprinsessas Dagbok, which was the biggest blog in Sweden for three years in a row between 2005 to 2008. He is an advisor to BlooSee.com: a platform for individuals and companies to collaborate and share data on the oceans of the world.
Erik has a keen interest and proven track record in the next generation cellphone applications, particularly those focused on meeting the needs of the poor, and of people in the developing world. He consults in social media and software (PHP, Ruby on Rails, Android), user-generated media, online group dynamics and the future of news and media.
Homepage: http://www.sundelof.com
|
WIKI
|
ZURICH NORTH AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. MATRIX SERVICE, INC., Defendant-Appellee.
Nos. 04-5101, 05-5027.
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit.
Oct. 18, 2005.
Theodore D. Aden and Sheila A. Wool-son of Epstein Becker & Green, P.C., Newark, NJ, for Plaintiff-Appellant.
Timothy A. Heefner and James L. Gibbs, III of Goolsby Olson & Proctor, P.C., Oklahoma City, OK, for Defendant Appellant.
Before EBEL, O’BRIEN and TYMKOVICH, Circuit Judges.
O’BRIEN, Circuit Judge.
The present dispute is a diversity action involving Zurich American Insurance Co.’s (Zurich) payment of medical expenses incurred by Enrique Ortiz, a Matrix Service, Inc. (Matrix) employee. Matrix contracted with Zurich to provide stop-loss coverage for medical expenses incurred by eligible Matrix employees for amounts that exceed Matrix’s basic coverage. Matrix paid health benefits on behalf of its employee, Ortiz, up to its policy obligation of $205,000 and requested Zurich pay for the remaining medical bills. Zurich issued a check for $196,738.31 to cover the outstanding medical expenses but filed suit in the district court under 28 U.S.C. § 1332, claiming Ortiz was not a qualified employee for whom Zurich should pay medical expenses. The parties filed cross-motions for summary judgment. The district court, applying Oklahoma insurance law, ruled in favor of Matrix. Zurich appealed. We exercise jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and AFFIRM.
Background
Matrix is a maintenance and construction company based in Tulsa, Oklahoma. It provides health care benefits to its employees through the Matrix Service Group Benefit Plan of June 1, 2001 (the Plan). Matrix hired Health Services, Inc. as a third party administrator to oversee its health insurance claims. Matrix contracted with Zurich, a New York Corporation, to issue a medical stop-loss insurance policy (the Policy) for the period of June 1, 2001, through May 31, 2002. Under the Policy, Zurich pays for covered medical expenses of eligible employees that exceed $150,000 up to $205,000 and then from $260,000 up to a maximum of $850,000. The Policy provides coverage to eligible employees who are defined as individuals who are “covered under the Plan of Benefits.” (R.App. at 58.)
The Plan of Benefits is expressly defined as “the self-insured plan of health care benefits that the Employer provides for the benefit of its Employees.” (Id.) Maxtrix’s Plan describes the coverage and employee eligibility requirements for its employees who receive health benefits. The' Plan terminates coverage if an employee “is laid-offiterminated at the end of an employer project” and not reassigned to another project within twenty-one days. (Id. at 320.) The Policy requires Matrix to obtain the written consent of Zurich for any changes to the Plan. However, the Plan grants sole discretion to a Health Benefit Committee to construe the terms of the Plan and determine whether an employee is eligible:. “[ultimately, the Committee determines whether or not an employee is eligible to participate in the plan in these, and all other circumstances.” (Id. at 210.)
Enrique Ortiz was employed by Matrix as a craftsman. On July 30, 2001, Ortiz was assigned to the Tesoro Anacortes Project. The project was scheduled to last past August 21, 2001. The project, however, was suspended on August 22, 2001, due to problems at the job site with Tesoro’s sour water stripper purification system. Matrix was scheduled to return to the site on September 4, 2001, to continue the work. Ortiz was instructed to remain on standby and be ready to return to the job site on September 4. Prior to September 4, Tesoro notified Matrix that it had not corrected the problem and further postponed work on the project until September 24, 2001. Sometime during the week of September 17, 2001, Tesoro again postponed work on the project and told Matrix that it would have to determine on a week-by-week basis whether the project could resume. The project finally resumed on October 15, 2001, and was completed on January 13, 2002.
Prior to the resumption of work by Matrix, Ortiz was involved in an automobile accident in which he was seriously injured. The accident occurred on October 11, 2001, approximately 50 days after work on the Tesoro project was initially suspended. Ortiz’s medical bills totaled $401,738.31.
The Health Benefit Committee determined that Ortiz was covered under the Plan and eligible to receive benefits. The Committee reasoned that because the Te-soro project had only been suspended, not finished, the twenty-one day lay-offitermi-nation provision did not apply. Because Ortiz had been eligible for benefits prior to the suspension of the Tesoro project and because the project was not finished before he suffered the accident, the Committee determined Ortiz was a covered employee and Matrix must pay Ortiz’s medical bills under the Plan and the Policy. It sought payment from Zurich for the remaining medical bills in the amount of $196,738.31.
As allowed by the Policy, Zurich requested documentation from Matrix that it had paid the appropriate premiums for Ortiz and that he was a covered eligible employee. Zurich’s underwriter, PERU, notified Zurich of the need to pay the claim promptly in order to take advantage of a medical discount, which it did on May 20, 2002, by issuing a check to Matrix for $196,738.31, while continuing to press for supporting documentation. After some delay, Matrix sent a memo which addressed the request for information regarding premium payments as follows:
Evidence of premium payments: For field employees like Ortiz, under circumstances where the employee’s need for medical or FMLA leave is unplanned or unexpected, it is Matrix policy and customary practice to pay the contribution to the Group Benefit Plan for the employee until arrangements can be made for contribution payment. Employees are required to re-pay the company for advances of contribution upon return to work.
(R.App. at 84.) During this time, Zurich realized that Ortiz had been suspended from work for approximately fifty days and requested a refund from Matrix. Matrix refused, stating it had correctly interpreted the Plan and offered to “provide [Zurich] documentation concerning Mr. Ortiz’ and other employees’ continued employment during the time period relevant to this matter.” (R.App. at 419-20.) The last document concerning premium payments generated prior to the filing of this lawsuit is a telephone message memo indicating Matrix’s claims broker had telephoned regarding Zurich’s continued requests for the premium billing statements. The memo concluded, “[the broker] thinks Zurich must be checking eligibility. She will check with the Group [Benefit Committee].” (R.App. at 86.)
On November 25, 2002, Zurich filed a complaint alleging breach of contract and seeking the return of the $196,738.31. Zurich alleged Matrix’s interpretation of the contract constituted an impermissible change in the terms for which adequate notice was not received. Zurich did not allege Matrix had failed to make premium payments. Zurich filed a Motion for Summary Judgment on May 19, 2003. On August 18, 2003, Matrix filed a response and its Cross-Motion for Summary Judgment. The district court denied Zurich’s Motion for Summary Judgment and granted Matrix’s Cross-Motion for Summary Judgment on June 22, 2004. Judgment was entered on June 23, 2004. Zurich never raised Matrix’s failure to provide evidence of premium payments during the pleading, discovery or summary judgment processes.
It appears around the time of the district court’s summary judgment decision, Zurich renewed its request for documentation of premium payments from Matrix, specifically an “active [Plan] participant census” as of November 1, 2001, through June, 2002. (R.App. at 87-95.) After receiving that list, on June 29, 2004, Zurich again asked for the premium billing statements for October 1, 2001 through May 31, 2002. One week later, Zurich’s underwriter wrote to check on the status of the request and related that Zurich was “asking specifically for the August, September and October 2001 itemized statements.” (R.App. at 97.) Those exchanges were not made through counsel in this case. But on the same day, Zurich’s counsel sent a written request to Matrix’s counsel for the same documentation, to be provided by July 9, 2004. Matrix’s counsel responded the following day stating the timing of the request was unreasonable, but that Matrix “will evaluate your request and respond appropriately, within a reasonable time.” (R.App. at 99.) On July 9, 2004, Zurich’s counsel again requested the premiums documentation be provided either by fax or production at Matrix’s offices no later than July 13, 2004. Zurich advised that if the documents were not received, it would file a motion for an order to show cause asserting that Matrix had misrepresented Ortiz’s status as a covered employee because the premiums were not paid for him during those months. On July 12, 2004, Matrix refused to produce the documents, stating that it considered the case resolved pursuant to the summary judgment ruling.
On July 20, 2004, nearly a month after the district court’s decision was announced, Zurich filed an Order to Show Cause to Compel Matrix to produce relevant premium documents from October 1, 2001, through May 31, 2002. Zurich also sought relief pursuant to Rule 60(b)(2), (3) and (6) (relief from judgement or order), claiming Matrix’s refusal to produce the relevant documentation, as required by contract, required an inference that the documents would prove that Matrix had not paid Ortiz’s premiums, and therefore he was not a covered employee at the time of his accident. On July 22, 2004, the district court denied Zurich’s request for relief under Rule 60(b)(2) and (3). It did not specifically address Rule 60(b)(6) or Zurich’s request for injunctive relief.
Discussion
Zurich argues the district court erred by denying its summary judgment motion and granting summary judgment to Matrix on the interpretation of the Plan and Policy documents. Zurich also challenges the district court’s refusal to grant its request for post-judgment relief premised on Matrix’s failure to produce documentation of premium payments for Ortiz. This includes its broad brush requests for a suspension of the judgment, an order compelling production of Matrix’s insurance documentation, or a new trial based on the presence of new evidence and/or fraud allegedly committed by Matrix.
1. Summary Judgment
Zurich argues that the district court ignored the plain language of the Plan and Policy by preferring Matrix’s interpretation of coverage. Zurich further contends that Matrix’s interpretation constituted an impermissible Plan change. (Appellant’s Br. at 14.) Matrix argues that its interpretation of the documents is reasonable based on the language, and even if not, Matrix was given the sole power to interpret the provisions of the plan.
A district court’s grant of summary judgment under Fed.R.Civ.P. 56 is subject to de novo review. Pitman v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Okla., 217 F.3d 1291, 1295 (10th Cir.2000). The reviewing court must apply the same standards as the district court. Kimber v. Thiokol Corp., 196 F.3d 1092, 1097 (10th Cir.1999). Summary judgment shall be granted if there is “no genuine issue as to any material fact and ... the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed.R.CivP. 56(c). In ruling on summary judgment, the court must resolve all ambiguities and draw all factual inferences in favor of the non-moving party. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).
Under Oklahoma law, insurance policies are to be interpreted using the same principles that “apply to any adhesion contract.” Redcorn v. State Farm Fire & Cas. Co., 55 P.3d 1017, 1019 (Okla.2002).
Parties to a contract for insurance are free to choose the risks to be covered by the policy. Once agreed upon, the parties are bound by the terms of the contract; and courts will not rewrite those terms. The construction of a policy should be natural and reasonable, viewed in the light of common sense. The result should not be absurd.
Id. Moreover, an insurance contract is “to be construed so as to give effect to all of its provisions, if possible, and its terms are accepted in their plain and ordinary sense.” Great Am. Ins. Co. of N.Y. v. O.K Packing Co., 202 Okla. 231, 211 P.2d 1014, 1016 (Okla.1949). Any ambiguity is to be construed strictly against the insurer and in favor of the insured. Id.; see, County Fire Ins. Co. of Phila. v. Harper, 207 Okla. 359, 249 P.2d 705, 707 (1952).
The critical Plan provision in dispute is the “continuous 21-day break” limitation which provides:
If you are an employee who is laid-off/terminated at the end of an employer project, your coverage will end the last day of work on the project. However, if you are ending an employer project, but are scheduled to begin another employer project within 21 days, your coverage will not be terminated; you will not receive pay for the days you are not working, but you will continue to be considered an active employee with health benefits (if enrolled). If, after a continuous 21-day break, you have not started another employer project, you will be laid-off / terminated at that time, your coverage will cease and you will receive COBRA notification.
(R.App. at 320.) As Zurich points out, this provision states that a “continuous 21-day break” in employment will cause the coverage to lapse. However, this provision is triggered only when “you are an employee who is laid-off /terminated at the end of an employer project.” (Id. (emphasis added).) According to the Health Benefits Committee, because the Tesoro project was suspended before completion, Ortiz was not an employee whose project had ended. Thus, according to the Committee, this limitation does not apply.
Three factors weigh in favor of the Health Benefit Committee’s interpretation of the “continuous 21-day break” limitation. First, the language of the provision is crafted to apply to an employee being terminated “at the end of an employer project.” Certainly, August 21, 2001, the day Ortiz’s work on the project was suspended, was not “the end” of the project. Although the project was postponed several times, it was done on a periodic and eventually weekly basis and with the full expectation that work would resume, as it did on October 15, 2001. Thus, the Health Benefit Committee’s interpretation that the limitation did not apply is reasonable in light of the Plan language. Had the limitation provided any continuous twenty-one day break in work would terminate coverage, Zurich would have a valid argument. But the Plan provision specifically limited coverage termination to twenty-one day breaks after the end of a project.
Second, through the Health Benefit Committee, Matrix was specifically granted the sole power to interpret the provisions of the Plan. The Plan provides,
The Committee shall have the sole discretionary authority to determine eligibility for plan benefits or to construe the terms of the plan, and benefits under the plan will be paid only if the Committee decides, in its discretion, that the participant or beneficiary is entitled to such benefits.
(R.App. at 248.) Because the “continuous 21-day break” limitation was part of the Plan, the Health Benefits Committee had the sole power to interpret its meaning and whether the limitation applied to Ortiz.
Zurich contends that Matrix’s authority to interpret the policy was limited to disputes with an employee, not the insurance company. It maintains that Matrix’s interpretation of the Plan was actually a revision of the Plan and therefore Matrix was required to submit the changes to Zurich in writing for approval. However, Zurich’s attempt to limit Matrix’s authority to interpret the contract is not manifest in the contract language. The Policy only provides that Matrix “will not change the Plan of Benefits without the prior written consent of [Zurich],” and if Matrix does not give written notice of the change, Zurich’s liability is limited to “the lesser of the new Plan of Benefits or the Plan of Benefits prior to the change.” (R.App. at 299.) Both the “continuous 21-day break” limitation as well as the provision granting the Health Benefit Committee the power to interpret Plan provisions were originally in the Plan which was incorporated into the Policy. The Health Benefit Committee did not rewrite or modify the contract provisions. It merely interpreted the Plan’s language including any attendant ambiguity as it applied to an employee. Even if Zurich understood the interpretation power to extend only to disputes between Matrix and its employees, Zurich would still be affected and bound by Matrix’s decisions implementing employee benefits.
Finally, under Oklahoma law, the insurance contract is to be construed against the insurer, Zurich. Great Am. Ins. Co. of N.Y., 211 P.2d at 1016; Harper, 249 P.2d at 707. Even if the contractual language regarding “the end of an employer project” was ambiguous and Matrix’s Health Benefit Committee did not possess the sole power to interpret the contract, Oklahoma’s rule of construction would weigh in favor of Matrix. The plain language of the Plan limitation coupled with Matrix’s ability to interpret that provision and the Oklahoma rule of construction against the insurer leaves little reason to prefer Zurich’s interpretation of Plan coverage over that of Matrix. The district court appropriately granted summary judgment to Matrix and denied it to Zurich.
2. Rule 60(b), Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and Post-Judgment Relief
One month after summary judgment was entered, Zurich requested several inter-related forms of post-judgment relief based on Matrix’s failure to provide evidence to Zurich that it had paid the premiums for Ortiz’s insurance coverage as it was obligated to do under the terms of the Policy. Zurich requested the district court to grant relief under Fed.R.Civ.P. 60(b); give it an extension of time to appeal from the district court’s order; stay the district court’s order on summary judgment pending appeal; and issue an order compelling Matrix to produce evidence that it had paid the premiums.
A. Rule 60(b) Relief
Zurich filed a request for relief under Rule 60(b)(2),(3) and (6), which provide:
On motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may relieve a party or a party’s legal representative from a final judgment, order, or proceeding for the following reasons:
(2) newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(b);
(3) fraud (whether heretofore denominated intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation, or other misconduct of an adverse party;
or (6) any other reason justifying relief from the operation of the judgment.
The motion shall be made within a reasonable time, and for reasons (1), (2), and (3) not more than one year after the judgment ... was entered or taken.
The savings clause to Rule 60(b) further provides “[tjhis rule does not limit the power of a court to entertain an independent action to ... set aside a judgment for fraud upon the court.”
This Court reviews a district court’s denial of a Rule 60(b) motion for abuse of discretion. Servants of Paraclete v. Does, 204 F.3d 1005, 1009 (10th Cir.2000). Rule 60(b) relief “is extraordinary and may only be granted in exceptional circumstances.” Id. “Parties seeking relief under Rule 60(b) have a higher hurdle to overcome because such a motion is not a substitute for an appeal.” Cummings v. General Motors Corp., 365 F.3d 944, 955 (10th Cir.2004). “Accordingly, our review is meaningfully narrower than review of the merits of a direct appeal.” Amoco Oil Co. v. EPA, 231 F.3d 694, 697 (10th Cir.2000) (internal quotation omitted). “Given the lower court’s discretion, the district court’s ruling is only reviewed to determine if a definite, clear or unmistakable error occurred below.” Cummings, 365 F.3d at 955 (internal quotation omitted). A reviewing court may reverse only if it finds “a complete absence of a reasonable basis and [is] certain that the ... decision is wrong.” Yapp v. Excel Corp., 186 F.3d 1222, 1232 (10th Cir.1999) (internal quotation omitted). However, “[a] district court would necessarily abuse its discretion if it based its ruling on an erroneous view of the law or on a clearly erroneous assessment of the evidence.” FDIC v. United Pac. Ins. Co., 152 F.3d 1266, 1272 (10th Cir.1998) (internal quotation omitted).
1. Rule 60(b)(2)
The district court decided Rule 60(b)(2) was unavailable because Zurich did not possess any newly discovered evidence. At best, Zurich merely suspects the information it seeks would lead to new documentary evidence. Assuming the new evidence would substantiate Matrix’s alleged concealment of damaging information, Zurich’s motion still fails. For newly-discovered evidence to provide a basis for a new trial under Rule 60(b)(2), the moving party must show “(1) the evidence was newly discovered since the trial; (2) [the moving party] was diligent in discovering the new evidence; (3) the newly discovered evidence could not be merely cumulative or impeaching; (4) the newly discovered evidence [is] material; and (5) that a new trial[ ] with the newly discovered evidence would probably produce a different result.” Graham v. Wyeth Lab., 906 F.2d 1399, 1416 (10th Cir.1990). Zurich’s motion founders on the first two requirements. Although Zurich’s attorney represented he did not learn of Matrix’s refusal to provide contractually required documentation until after the district court granted summary judgment, Zurich knew the documentation was missing almost a year prior to the start of trial and made no attempt to explicitly include it in the discovery process. [Order July 22, 2004 at 2] Thus, the district court correctly determined that Matrix’s failure to produce the documents does not qualify as newly discovered evidence and Zurich’s abandonment of its requests for the documents for over a year does not demonstrate diligence in discovering the “new” evidence.
2. Rule 60(b)(3)
The district court dismissed Zurich’s Rule 60(b)(3) motion because it failed to allege sufficiently egregious conduct to constitute fraud on the court as set forth in United States v. Buck, 281 F.3d 1336, 1342 (10th Cir.2002). Zurich argues the district court erroneously applied Buck’s heightened fraud on the court standard to its motion by requiring proof of “intent to deceive or defraud the court,” through a “deliberate scheme,” id. (internal quotation omitted), rather than the lower Rule 60(b)(3) standard for fraud or misconduct between the parties. In support, Zurich cites the Rule 60(b)(3) standards applied by other circuits which do not require evidence of intent to deceive through a deliberate scheme. See Schultz v. Butcher, 24 F.3d 626, 630 (4th Cir.1994) (requiring under Rule 60(b)(3) only that the defendant prove by clear and convincing evidence that (1) it has a meritorious defense, (2) the non-moving party engaged in misconduct and (3) the misconduct prevented the moving party from fully presenting its case for claims of fraud); Anderson v. Cryovac, Inc., 862 F.2d 910, 923 (1st Cir.1988) (holding “misconduct” under Rule 60(b)(3) does not require proof of intent to deceive).
Rule 60(b)(3) allows a court to relieve a party from a final judgment based on “fraud ..., misrepresentation, or other misconduct of an adverse party.” Regardless of the specific form of the allegation, the party relying on Rule 60(b)(3) must, by adequate proof, clearly substantiate the claim of fraud, misconduct or misrepresentation. Wilkin v. Sunbeam, 466 F.2d 714, 717 (10th Cir.1972). In other words, “they must show ‘clear and convincing proof of fraud, misrepresentation, or misconduct.” Cummings, 365 F.3d at 955. See Yapp, 186 F.3d at 1231; Anderson v. Dep’t of Health & Human Servs., 907 F.2d 936, 952 (10th Cir.1990). Moreover, “the challenged behavior must substantially have interfered with the aggrieved party’s ability fully and fairly to prepare for and proceed at trial.” Woodworker’s Supply Inc., 170 F.3d at 993 (internal quotation omitted); Cummings, 365 F.3d at 955. Subsection (b)(3) “is aimed at judgments which were unfairly obtained, not at those which are factually incorrect,” which may be remedied under subsections (b)(1) or (2). Rozier v. Ford Motor Co., 573 F.2d 1332, 1339 (5th Cir.1978).
By its terms, Rule 60(b)(3) deals with “fraud ..., misrepresentation, or misconduct by an adverse party,” while the savings clause to Rule 60(b) recognizes “the power of a court to entertain an independent action to relieve a party from a judgment ... for fraud upon the court.” See Wilkin, 466 F.2d at 717 (recognizing “Rule 60(b) does not limit a court’s power to redress fraud on the court.”). This distinction allows fraud on the court claims to be brought outside of the one year period of limitations imposed on the grounds expressly listed in Rule 60(b)(3). Ordinarily, therefore, claims of fraud between the parties are brought under Rule 60(b)(3), while claims of fraud on the court are brought as an independent action which is recognized in the savings clause. However, courts have allowed parties to file a claim for fraud on the court under subsection (b)(3). See Gonzalez v. Secretary for Dept. of Corrections, 366 F.3d 1253, 1259 (11th Cir.2004) (“A claim that the State had perpetrated a fraud on the federal court in order to obtain the judgment denying the habeas petition could be raised in a Rule 60(b)(3) motion.”) affd by Gonzalez v. Crosby, — U.S.-, 125 S.Ct. 2641, 162 L.Ed.2d 480 (2005).
Fraud between the parties and fraud on the court are two distinct bases for post-judgment relief. “Fraud on the court ... is fraud which is directed to the judicial machinery itself and is not fraud between the parties.... ” Buck, 281 F.3d at 1342. Fraud on the court claims merit separate analysis not only because they are exempt from the one year time-period for filing claims under Rule 60(b)(3), but also because they are much more difficult to prove. See 11 Charles Alan Wright & Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane, Federal Practice and Procedure, §§ 2860 & 2870 (2d ed.1995).
Generally speaking, only the most egregious conduct, such as bribery of a judge or members of a jury, or the fabrication of evidence by a party in which an attorney is implicated will constitute a fraud on the court. Less egregious misconduct, such as nondisclosure to the court of facts allegedly pertinent to the matter before it, will not ordinarily rise to the level of fraud on the court.
Weese v. Schukman, 98 F.3d 542, 552-53 (10th Cir.1996) (internal quotation omitted). See also, Buck, 281 F.3d at 1342 (“It has been held that allegations of nondisclosure in pretrial discovery will not support an action for fraud on the court.”) These parameters are strictly applied because a finding of fraud on the court permits the severe consequence of allowing a party to overturn the finality of a judgment. Weese, 98 F.3d at 553. Intent to defraud is an “absolute prerequisite” to a finding of fraud on the court. Robinson v. Audi Aktiengesellschaft, 56 F.3d 1259, 1267 (10th Cir.1995) (discussing the required intent element). See also, Yapp v. Excel Corp., 186 F.3d 1222, 1231 (10th Cir.1999) (same).
In this case, Zurich argues that the district court applied the wrong standard due to its reliance on United States v. Buck. Zurich contends Buck is inapposite because it “did not even concern a motion under Rule 60(b)(3), much less purport to set forth the standard for such a motion.... ” (Appellant’s Br. at 33.) We agree. To be sure, Buck was clearly a fraud on the court case, brought to avoid the time bar of Rule 60(b)(3). We specifically referred to the words of Rule 60(b)’s savings clause that “[t]his rule does not limit the power of a court to entertain an independent action to relieve a party from judgment, order, or proceeding, ... or to set aside a judgment for fraud upon the court.” Our agreement, however, provides cold comfort because in Yapp, we applied the heightened fraud on the court standard of Buck and Robinson to misconduct claims under 60(b)(3). 186 F.3d at 1231. Zurich’s allegation of nondisclosure plainly does not meet the requirements of Yapp, because it provided no evidence of “an intent to deceive or defraud the court, by means of a deliberately planned and carefully executed scheme.” Id. (internal quotations omitted).
Even were we to apply a less rigorous standard for fraud between the parties under Rule 60(b)(3), Zurich still fails to establish fraud by clear and convincing evidence; its proof consists only of a failure to produce documents. There is no evidence of intent or a deliberate plan or scheme to interfere with Zurich’s case. Zurich’s bald claim that Matrix’s failure to produce the documents “smacks of dishonesty” and “inadvertently or deliberately, creates a false representation to the Court” is conelusory. (Reply Br. at 14, 16.) Allegations of discovery abuses of this kind do not rise to the level of fraud between the parties. This is especially true when, as here, the information was not directly contested in the judicial proceedings and the offending party could reasonably assume the complaining party was aware of the issue. See Taylor v. Texgas Corp., 831 F.2d 255, 259-60 (11th Cir.1987).
It is true that a failure to disclose requested information during discovery may constitute misconduct under Rule 60(b)(3). Woodworker’s Supply, Inc., 170 F.3d at 993; Cummings, 365 F.3d at 955. However, this usually requires the violation of a specific discovery request or order. Id. Because Zurich never brought the issue before the district court, there was no discovery order in this case compelling the production of the premium payment documents. Zurich argues a violation of a specific request or a court order were unnecessary to prove fraud because Matrix was obligated to disclose the premium payment documents under Rule 26. While some violations of Rule 26 may constitute misconduct, such violations are clear and deliberate and typically lead to other misconduct such as the introduction of false testimony. Abrahamsen v. Trans-State Express, Inc., 92 F.3d 425, 428-29 (6th Cir.1996). Here, Matrix’s obligation to disclose the premium payment documents under Rule 26 is less than clear. At no time during the pleadings, discovery or the summary judgment motions did Zurich raise the issue of premium payments. While it is arguable that Matrix was obligated to disclose the documents under Rule 26 based on its assertion in its pleadings and cross-summary judgment motion that Ortiz was a “covered employee,” it is a stretch. In any event, arguable violations of Rule 26 do not satisfy the clear and convincing evidence of fraud, misrepresentation or misconduct standard. De Saracho v. Custom Food Machinery, Inc., 206 F.3d 874, 880-81 (9th Cir.2000). The proper remedy for any perceived violation of discovery is to seek redress under Rule 37(a)(2), not to wait until after summary judgment and file a Rule 60(b)(3) motion.
Additionally, it is questionable whether Matrix’s failure to produce the documents prior to the dispositive motions truly impaired Zurich’s ability to present its case based on the issues it brought before the court. After all, Zurich failed to request the documents during discovery even though it knew of their existence and claimed a contractual right to them. Nor did Zurich file a Rule 56(f) motion requesting the summary judgment motion be postponed until it could procure them. It was only after Matrix was granted summary judgment that premium payment became an overarching issue. Parties cannot use Rule 60(b) as mechanism to correct their own mistakes after summary judgment has not gone their way.
Given this Court’s ruling in Yapp, and apart from it, it is impossible to say the district court abused its discretion by relying on Buck and denying Zurich’s motion for relief under Rule 60(b)(3). There was no discovery request or motion to compel the production of the documents and an absence of direct evidence that Matrix intentionally did not comply with its contractual obligation to supply the documentation because it would show non-payment of Ortiz’s premiums.
3. Rule 60(b)(6)
Finally, Zurich’s Rule 60(b)(6) argument is without merit. “Rule 60(b)(6) relief is even more difficult to attain and is appropriate only ‘when it offends justice to deny such relief.’ ” Yapp, 186 F.3d at 1232 (quoting Cashner v. Freedom Stores, Inc., 98 F.3d 572, 580 (10th Cir.1996)). “The denial of a 60(b)(6) motion will be reversed ‘only if we find a complete absence of a reasonable basis and are certain that the ... decision is wrong.’ ” Yapp, 186 F.3d at 1232 (quoting State Bank of S. Utah v. Gledhill, 76 F.3d 1070, 1080 (10th Cir.1996)). Zurich has failed to provide any definite, clear or unmistakable error in the district court’s denial of its Rule 60(b)(6) motion. Zurich provided no additional grounds on appeal other than its fraud claim. As this Court has noted in B%ick, Rule 60(b)’s categories are mutually exclusive. 281 F.3d at 1341. “The clear import of the language of clause (b)(6) is that the clause is restricted to reasons other than those enumerated in the previous five clauses.” Id. The district did not address Zurich’s Rule 60(b)(6) argument for the simple reason that there was no argument. Parties moving for relief under Rule 60(b) cannot simply throw in subsection (6) without any new arguments and expect to obtain a new trial.
Accordingly, we conclude the district court did not abuse its discretion and its denial of Zurich’s Rule 60(b)(2),(3) and (6) motion is affirmed. Because Zurich waived its right for an order to compel and has failed to meet the requirements of Rule 60(b), the district court’s refusal to grant a time extension for Zurich to appeal or a stay of judgment pending appeal was appropriate.
B. Order to Compel Production of Insurance Documents
Zurich also requested post-judgment relief in the form of a preliminary injunction compelling Matrix to produce the premium payment documents for August to October, 2001. In its supporting brief, Zurich argued that it needed the requested documents “in support of its appeal” from the district court’s grant of summary judgment. (R.App. at 43.) On appeal, Zurich points out that Matrix was obligated to provide the requested premium payment documentation under the contract and therefore, the district court erred by denying its request to compel the production of the documents.
Zurich misapprehends the form and nature of post-judgment relief. Zurich had multiple opportunities before final judgment was entered to involve the district court and obtain the requested premium payment documents. During discovery, Zurich could have filed a discovery request for the payment documents under Rule 26(b)(1) or Rule 34 and moved for an order compelling inspection under Rule 37(a)(2)(B). Alternately, assuming Zurich is correct that Matrix was obligated under the insurance contract to provide the documents and should have disclosed them under Rule 26(a)(1)(B), it could have filed a request to compel production under Rule 37(a)(2)(A). However, Zurich neither requested the documents nor raised Matrix’s failure to produce the documents during the discovery phase of its lawsuit.
After discovery concluded, Zurich could have argued Matrix failed to prove in its Motion for Summary Judgment that Ortiz was covered due to Matrix’s failure to provide evidence of coverage in the form of premium payment documentation. Or, as pointed out by the district court, Zurich could have filed for a continuance under Rule 56(f) after the summary judgment motions were filed “to permit affidavits to be obtained or depositions to be taken or discovery to be had” in order to alert the district court to the existence of the documents and their essential nature to the outcome of the case. Zurich did neither.
Instead, Zurich waited until after judgment was entered to fíle a Rule 60 motion and include a request for a preliminary injunction to compel the production of the documents. However, its request for a preliminary injunction is an attempt to reopen discovery in order to obtain documents it had known about, but failed to request during discovery. This is not recognized under Rule 59 or 60 as a grounds for reopening the judgment. Like the district court, we are “disturbed by the timeliness of Zurich notifying the [district cjourt of this issue.” (R.App. at 14.) Zurich should have exercised diligence by complaining before the court reached a decision. See Tool Box, Inc. v. Ogden City Corp., 419 F.3d 1084 (10th Cir.2005) (“Courts have refused to allow a post-judgment amendment when, as here, the moving party had an opportunity to seek the amendment before entry of judgment but waited until after judgment before requesting leave.”). Zurich’s request for a preliminary injunction is merely an attempt to conduct discovery for a second time and litigate a different case on appeal than it did in the district court. Concern for finality counsels against allowing requests for preliminary injunctions aimed at discovering documents after judgment is entered.
Conclusion
We AFFIRM the district court’s grant of summary judgment to Matrix, as well as its denial of summary judgment to Zurich. We also AFFIRM the district court’s denial of Zurich’s motions for post-judgment relief.
Pursuant to our Amended Order of April 1, 2005, the district court’s award of attorney’s fees to Matrix in case number 05-5027 is also AFFIRMED.
. Zurich filed a subsequent appeal (05-5027) contesting the district court's award of attorney's fees to Matrix. Zurich filed an Amended Unopposed Motion to Consolidate Appeals and Forego Briefing in case number 05-5027 with the understanding that the outcome in the initial appeal would dictate the outcome with respect to the attorney's fees issue. We granted Zurich's motion in an Amended Order on April 1, 2005.
. Under the Plan and Policy, Matrix was responsible for the first $150,000 of any medical claim. Zurich was responsible for the next $55,000. Matrix was then responsible for another $55,000, with Zurich responsible for any additional expenses up to $850,000. Matrix’s total responsibility for any claim less than $850,000 was capped at $205,000.
. We derive this number by adding the $205,000 paid by Matrix and the $196,738.31 paid by Zurich.
. Matrix never provided sufficient evidence to satisfy Zurich that the premiums for Ortiz had been paid despite several requests made by Zurich during the end of 2002. In 2004, Matrix did provide Zurich with an active participant census list which included Ortiz, but the list commences after the date of the accident and Matrix refused to provide any information, including premium billing statements, for the period from August 1 through October 1, 2001, the period when Ortiz was waiting to return to the project.
. At the request of the district court, Zurich filed a Supplemental Brief in Support of its Motion for Summary Judgment on June 18, 2003.
. Zurich argues the district court somehow impermissibly gave deference to Matrix's interpretation of the Plan and Policy because it mistakenly applied an ERISA standard to the dispute between Zurich and Matrix. (Appellant’s Br. at 23-25.) The district court did mention ERISA, but only incidentally. It is clear from the order that the district court applied the appropriate Fed.R.Civ.P. 56 standard throughout. The district court only noted “the Court assumes that a sophisticated company such as Zurich would not issue a medical stop-loss policy to cover medical benefits under an ERISA plan without first reading the terms of the plan.” (R.App. at 24.) However, the district court never accorded any deference to Matrix because the Plan was an ERISA plan. The only deference accorded to Matrix’s interpretation was due to the contractual language which gave the power of interpretation to Matrix and the district court’s determination that Matrix provided "the most reasonable construction of the terms of the Plan.” (Id. at 23.)
. We acknowledge that other circuits have applied a lesser standard. Nevertheless, we, like the district court, are bound by prior panel decisions. In re Smith, 10 F.3d 723, 724 (10th Cir.1993) (“We cannot overrule the judgment of another panel of this court. We are bound by the precedent of prior panels absent en banc reconsideration or a superseding contrary decision by the Supreme Court.”) (internal citations omitted).
|
CASELAW
|
User:Jeffery Rathinam
Anna Nagar - Madurai Anna Nagar is a very excellent locality. It is well connected with Madurai Anna Nagar - 6 km, Airport - 11 km, City limit - 1.5 km, Madurai high court 6 km, Central bus stand 5 km, Railway station 10 km, Tidle park - 6 km. And nearby TVS, lakshmi international school, hospitals, engineering colleges, polytechnic colleges, schools, bus stand, Pandi temple, Thirumugur temple, Thiruvadaur temple and high court etc. Anna nagar is a popular locality situated in Madurai and the pin code of this locality is 625501. As of now, 5 properties are available for sale in Anna nagar. It also has 10 properties available for rent. The Average price in this locality is Rs. 4906.0 per sq-ft. 3 BHK is available for sale in the price range of Rs. 38 Lac to 60 Lac in Anna nagar. Whereas the price range for rent of 3 BHK is Rs. 8,000 to 15,000. Some of the nearby localities to Anna nagar are Shenoynagar,Managiri,Tahsildarnagar. Anna nagar has an ample parking space with a rating of 4.3 .The road quality is very good as shown by the average user's rating of 4.8. Anna nagar is a busy area as it is the main area in madurai.in reality,things had gone to bad to worse with rise in vehicle pollution.the peak time is considered to be from 7am to 10am and 5pm to 9.30pm. Importantly open drainage near the Apollo hospital case a bed smell in that area. It has a poor road.
|
WIKI
|
Usare PowerShell per il monitoraggio e il ridimensionamento di un pool elastico nel database SQL di AzureUse PowerShell to monitor and scale an elastic pool in Azure SQL Database
SI APPLICA A: Database SQL di Azure
Questo esempio di script di PowerShell consente di monitorare le metriche delle prestazioni di un pool elastico, aumentare le dimensioni di calcolo del pool stesso e creare una regola di avviso per una delle metriche delle prestazioni.This PowerShell script example monitors the performance metrics of an elastic pool, scales it to a higher compute size, and creates an alert rule on one of the performance metrics.
Se non si ha una sottoscrizione di Azure, creare un account gratuito prima di iniziare.If you don't have an Azure subscription, create a free account before you begin.
Nota
Questo articolo è stato aggiornato per usare il nuovo modulo Az di Azure PowerShell.This article has been updated to use the new Azure PowerShell Az module. È comunque possibile usare il modulo AzureRM, che continuerà a ricevere correzioni di bug almeno fino a dicembre 2020.You can still use the AzureRM module, which will continue to receive bug fixes until at least December 2020. Per altre informazioni sul nuovo modulo Az e sulla compatibilità di AzureRM, vedere Introduzione del nuovo modulo Az di Azure PowerShell.To learn more about the new Az module and AzureRM compatibility, see Introducing the new Azure PowerShell Az module. Per istruzioni sull'installazione del modulo Az, vedere Installare Azure PowerShell.For Az module installation instructions, see Install Azure PowerShell.
Usare Azure Cloud ShellUse Azure Cloud Shell
Azure Cloud Shell è un ambiente di shell interattivo ospitato in Azure e usato tramite il browser.Azure hosts Azure Cloud Shell, an interactive shell environment that you can use through your browser. È possibile usare Bash o PowerShell con Cloud Shell per usare i servizi di Azure.You can use either Bash or PowerShell with Cloud Shell to work with Azure services. È possibile usare i comandi preinstallati di Cloud Shell per eseguire il codice contenuto in questo articolo senza dover installare strumenti nell'ambiente locale.You can use the Cloud Shell preinstalled commands to run the code in this article without having to install anything on your local environment.
Per avviare Azure Cloud Shell:To start Azure Cloud Shell:
OpzioneOption Esempio/CollegamentoExample/Link
Selezionare Prova nell'angolo superiore destro di un blocco di codice.Select Try It in the upper-right corner of a code block. La selezione di Prova non comporta la copia automatica del codice in Cloud Shell.Selecting Try It doesn't automatically copy the code to Cloud Shell. Esempio di Prova per Azure Cloud Shell
Passare a https://shell.azure.com o selezionare il pulsante Avvia Cloud Shell per aprire Cloud Shell nel browser.Go to https://shell.azure.com, or select the Launch Cloud Shell button to open Cloud Shell in your browser. Avviare Cloud Shell in una nuova finestraLaunch Cloud Shell in a new window
Selezionare il pulsante Cloud Shell nella barra dei menu nell'angolo in alto a destra del portale di Azure.Select the Cloud Shell button on the menu bar at the upper right in the Azure portal. Pulsante Cloud Shell nel portale di Azure
Per eseguire il codice di questo articolo in Azure Cloud Shell:To run the code in this article in Azure Cloud Shell:
1. Avviare Cloud Shell.Start Cloud Shell.
2. Selezionare il pulsante Copia in un blocco di codice per copiare il codice.Select the Copy button on a code block to copy the code.
3. Incollare il codice nella sessione di Cloud Shell premendo CTRL+MAIUSC+V in Windows e Linux o CMD+MAIUSC+V in macOS.Paste the code into the Cloud Shell session by selecting Ctrl+Shift+V on Windows and Linux or by selecting Cmd+Shift+V on macOS.
4. Premere INVIO per eseguire il codice.Select Enter to run the code.
Se si sceglie di installare e usare PowerShell in locale, per questa esercitazione è necessario Az PowerShell 1.4.0 o versione successiva.If you choose to install and use PowerShell locally, this tutorial requires Az PowerShell 1.4.0 or later. Se è necessario eseguire l'aggiornamento, vedere Installare e configurare Azure PowerShell.If you need to upgrade, see Install Azure PowerShell module. Se si esegue PowerShell in locale, è anche necessario eseguire Connect-AzAccount per creare una connessione con Azure.If you are running PowerShell locally, you also need to run Connect-AzAccount to create a connection with Azure.
Script di esempioSample script
# Connect-AzAccount
$SubscriptionId = ''
# Set the resource group name and location for your server
$resourceGroupName = "myResourceGroup-$(Get-Random)"
$location = "westus2"
# Set elastic pool names
$poolName = "MySamplePool"
# Set an admin login and password for your database
$adminSqlLogin = "SqlAdmin"
$password = "ChangeYourAdminPassword1"
# The logical server name has to be unique in the system
$serverName = "server-$(Get-Random)"
# The sample database names
$firstDatabaseName = "myFirstSampleDatabase"
$secondDatabaseName = "mySecondSampleDatabase"
# The ip address range that you want to allow to access your server
$startIp = "0.0.0.0"
$endIp = "0.0.0.0"
# Set subscription
Set-AzContext -SubscriptionId $subscriptionId
# Create a new resource group
$resourceGroup = New-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroupName -Location $location
# Create a new server with a system wide unique server name
$server = New-AzSqlServer -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
-ServerName $serverName `
-Location $location `
-SqlAdministratorCredentials $(New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -ArgumentList $adminSqlLogin, $(ConvertTo-SecureString -String $password -AsPlainText -Force))
# Create elastic database pool
$elasticPool = New-AzSqlElasticPool -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
-ServerName $serverName `
-ElasticPoolName $poolName `
-Edition "Standard" `
-Dtu 50 `
-DatabaseDtuMin 10 `
-DatabaseDtuMax 50
# Create a server firewall rule that allows access from the specified IP range
$serverFirewallRule = New-AzSqlServerFirewallRule -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
-ServerName $serverName `
-FirewallRuleName "AllowedIPs" -StartIpAddress $startIp -EndIpAddress $endIp
# Create two blank database in the pool
$firstDatabase = New-AzSqlDatabase -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
-ServerName $serverName `
-DatabaseName $firstDatabaseName `
-ElasticPoolName $poolName
$secondDatabase = New-AzSqlDatabase -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
-ServerName $serverName `
-DatabaseName $secondDatabaseName `
-ElasticPoolName $poolName
# Monitor the pool
$monitorparameters = @{
ResourceId = "/subscriptions/$($(Get-AzContext).Subscription.Id)/resourceGroups/$resourceGroupName/providers/Microsoft.Sql/servers/$serverName/elasticPools/$poolName"
TimeGrain = [TimeSpan]::Parse("00:05:00")
MetricNames = "dtu_consumption_percent"
}
(Get-AzMetric @monitorparameters -DetailedOutput).MetricValues
# Scale the pool
$elasticPool = Set-AzSqlElasticPool -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
-ServerName $serverName `
-ElasticPoolName $poolName `
-Edition "Standard" `
-Dtu 100 `
-DatabaseDtuMin 20 `
-DatabaseDtuMax 100
# Add an alert that fires when the pool utilization reaches 90%
Add-AzMetricAlertRule -ResourceGroup $resourceGroupName `
-Name "mySampleAlertRule" `
-Location $location `
-TargetResourceId "/subscriptions/$($(Get-AzContext).Subscription.Id)/resourceGroups/$resourceGroupName/providers/Microsoft.Sql/servers/$serverName/elasticPools/$poolName" `
-MetricName "dtu_consumption_percent" `
-Operator "GreaterThan" `
-Threshold 90 `
-WindowSize $([TimeSpan]::Parse("00:05:00")) `
-TimeAggregationOperator "Average" `
-Action $(New-AzAlertRuleEmail -SendToServiceOwner)
# Clean up deployment
# Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName
Pulire la distribuzioneClean up deployment
Usare il comando seguente per rimuovere il gruppo di risorse e tutte le risorse correlate.Use the following command to remove the resource group and all resources associated with it.
Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourcegroupname
Spiegazione dello scriptScript explanation
Questo script usa i comandi seguenti.This script uses the following commands. Ogni comando della tabella include collegamenti alla documentazione specifica del comando.Each command in the table links to command-specific documentation.
ComandoCommand NoteNotes
New-AzResourceGroupNew-AzResourceGroup Consente di creare un gruppo di risorse in cui sono archiviate tutte le risorse.Creates a resource group in which all resources are stored.
New-AzSqlServerNew-AzSqlServer Crea un server che ospita database o pool elastici.Creates a server that hosts databases or elastic pools.
New-AzSqlElasticPoolNew-AzSqlElasticPool Consente di creare un pool elastico.Creates an elastic pool.
New-AzSqlDatabaseNew-AzSqlDatabase Crea un database in un server.Creates a database in a server.
Get-AzMetricGet-AzMetric Mostra le informazioni sull'utilizzo delle dimensioni per il database.Shows the size usage information for the database.
Add-AzMetricAlertRuleAdd-AzMetricAlertRule Aggiunge o aggiorna una regola di avviso basata su metriche.Adds or updates a metric-based alert rule.
Set-AzSqlElasticPoolSet-AzSqlElasticPool Aggiorna le proprietà dei pool elastici.Updates elastic pool properties.
Add-AzMetricAlertRuleAdd-AzMetricAlertRule Imposta una regola di avviso per monitorare automaticamente le metriche in futuro.Sets an alert rule to automatically monitor metrics in the future.
Remove-AzResourceGroupRemove-AzResourceGroup Consente di eliminare un gruppo di risorse incluse tutte le risorse annidate.Deletes a resource group including all nested resources.
Passaggi successiviNext steps
Per altre informazioni su Azure PowerShell, vedere la documentazione di Azure PowerShell.For more information on Azure PowerShell, see Azure PowerShell documentation.
Per altri esempi di script di PowerShell, vedere Script di Azure PowerShell.Additional PowerShell script samples can be found in Azure PowerShell scripts.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Talk:Former Washington D.C. police officer sues district for racial discrimination and harassment
OR
I am writing this report from court documents located on PACER. This report, so far, is written from the initial filing against DC. So since there is A LOT of documents, I am going in stages. So please do not publish just yet :) DragonFire1024 12:02, 18 June 2007 (UTC)
* All PACER documents can be found on Wikisource at Randy_Squires et al vs. District of Columnia et al. --Brian McNeil / talk 12:09, 18 June 2007 (UTC)
* Do not mark this abandoned, as soon as I have time, and i am in the right frame of mind, I intend to continue this report. DragonFire1024 13:45, 21 June 2007 (UTC)
* As noted, the case closes on the 26th of this month - or at least that is when it is next due in Court. --Brian McNeil / talk 08:30, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
Question about damages
Is there something odd with the dollar values in the last paragraph? Or is it such in the court documents? The phrase, "Squires is asking at least US$150,000 per defendant (US$350,000)" doesn't seem to add up. Where is the $350,000 from? Are there two or three defendants in this case? If two, should the value in brackets be $300,000, or if three, should it be $450,000? Just not sure. Jcart1534 11:12, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
* Documents say that the total is 350,000... I read that they were asking for at least 150 a defendant...I could have misread it. But I do not have time tis moment to look at it...but I believe it is from the first document in the Wiki Source listed above. DragonFire1024 11:27, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
* from the first document: [...]WHEREFORE, each Plaintiff respectfully prays that this Honorable Court enters: (a) Judgment against Defendants for compensatory damages in excess of three hundred fifty thousand dollars ($350,000.00) per Plaintiff;[...]. I couldn't find any reference to any $150,000 figure. I'm going to change the article to reflect this. Demiquave 22:17, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
Future use of PACER
This case came to my attention totally at random while searching for something else in the system. It probably cost about 20-30 dollars to pull all the documents out of the system and I've stuck them over on WikiSource so anyone can check them. DragonFire1024 did most of the "donkey" work reading through the documents and writing up the article, but this is a potentially interesting avenue for getting original reporting. Others can sign up for the PACER system - email me for details. And if you limit the amount of querying you do it is free (less than a certain amount a quarter is waived). I'll obviously be looking this one up again from time to time until we have the trial outcome as a verdict. So, a couple of things.
* Do people think this is a good way to get unique news?
* Can people suggest how to get leads to find cases and extract documents?
* Are there similar systems in other countries than the U.S.?
--Brian McNeil / talk 12:41, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
|
WIKI
|
お問い合わせ
ブログ
これまでに経験してきたプロジェクトで気になる技術の情報を紹介していきます。
Laravel Helper パスの取得ヘルパー
okuda Okuda 2 years
これがベース
$path = base_path(); // -> /var/www
dump($path);
appのパス
$path = base_path('app'); // -> /var/www/app
$path = app_path(); // -> /var/www/app
dump($path);
configのパス
$path = base_path('config'); // -> /var/www/app
$path = config_path(); // -> /var/www/app
dump($path);
databaseのパス
$path = base_path('database'); // -> /var/www/database
$path = database_path(); // -> /var/www/database
dump($path);
publicのパス
$path = base_path('public'); // -> /var/www/public
$path = public_path(); // -> /var/www/public
dump($path);
resourcesのパス
$path = base_path('resources'); // -> /var/www/resources
$path = resource_path(); // -> /var/www/resources
dump($path);
storageのパス
$path = base_path('storage'); // -> /var/www/storage
$path = storage_path(); // -> /var/www/storage
dump($path);
Laravel Helper パスの取得ヘルパー 2021-11-18 10:27:38
コメントはありません。
4289
お気軽に
お問い合わせください。
お問い合わせ
gomibako@aska-ltd.jp
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Mon pays le Québec
Mon pays le Québec (English: Quebec, My Country) is a political party in the Canadian province of Quebec.
Ideology
On the subject of immigration, the party created a multi-tiered path to citizenship. Those who can effectively read, write, and speak French will receive citizenship within three years, while other immigrants will have five years to comply with these language requirements or be deported.
The party espouses an ideology of Quebec sovereignty. Similar to Option nationale and the Parti Indépendantiste, the party feels that, if given a majority mandate in the National Assembly of Quebec, they would have a clear mandate to separate from Canada. Additionally, like most sovereigntist parties, the party has announced its support for the primacy of the French language in Quebec. Anglophones and Allophones who were born in Quebec will be considered citizens of a sovereign Quebec, though they will be subject to the same regulations as immigrants to the country. If the anglophone and allophone populations of Quebec do not learn French within five years of Quebec becoming a state, they will lose all rights within the country.
The party wishes to switch to an electronic voting system for both elections and referendums.
In terms of national economics and taxation, the party advocates switching to a FairTax, which would remove all income taxes, payroll taxes, gift taxes, and estate taxes and replace them with a consumption tax and an import tariff.
Election results
In the 2014 Quebec election, the party fielded six candidates. In total, the party received 521 votes, with party leader Claude Dupré receiving 193 votes in the riding of Berthier
|
WIKI
|
User:William Sezoe/sandbox
William Sezoe is a South African (24 November 2024) journalist and columnist. Sezoe who is a former student-activist and politician in the Democratic Alliance (DA), now works as a Communications Officer at the Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom , and Stellenbosch University. In 2023 Sezoe became prominent for fighting against corruption in South Africa's National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS), which later lead to formal investigations and consequences for those involved
|
WIKI
|
The Johns Hopkins Hospital protocol for initiating the ketogenic diet has been widely adopted.[43] It involves a consultation with the patient and their caregivers and, later, a short hospital admission.[19] Because of the risk of complications during ketogenic diet initiation, most centres begin the diet under close medical supervision in the hospital.[9]
Businesses on Amazon know this and they understand that feedback can either make or break their product, but I’ve never seen a company so open about it. I bought this product after seeing reviews but it makes me wonder how many are actually happy customers or customers in need of a free bottle. Companies who have a good product and stand by it do not need to stoop to this predatory type behavior and purchase their feedback. Read the full Review here.
As it has been mentioned earlier, this remarkable product is the pure combination of natural and herbal ingredients only. So, it easily dissolves in your body and starts showing its dexterous function to militate stubborn fat. Our body produces two fuels on which our body runs first, is sugar and second, is fat. The processes and junk food like bread, pizza, pasta, rice produces sugar from carbohydrates that lead to the generation of sugar in our body. While there are some of the other food-stuff that produce fat which is used by your body to run daily routine work. Simultaneously, when you take this supplement then it will hinder the production of sugar and burns down the fat by stimulating ketogenesis process.
How do you lose belly fat as a kid
It's not an actual virus but the result of dehydration that occurs when switching from glucose to fat for energy. Low-carb diets generally have a diuretic effect within the first few days, meaning you lose more water and electrolytes (like potassium and sodium) in urine than normal. It happens because you're body is losing water as it turns to muscle glycogen for energy and your body’s insulin levels decrease.
You may have also heard about a Keto 30 Challenge, a month-long diet program marketed by KetoLogic that involves a whole slew of special supplements. Honest Keto Diet, a company recently featured on Shark Tank, sells similar weight-loss pills. Pricey keto supplements include ingredients like ketones designed to suppress appetite, electrolytes for the dehydrating effects of the diet, certain vitamins and minerals, and even caffeine.
Questce que Purefit Keto
^ Freeman JM, Vining EP, Pillas DJ, Pyzik PL, Casey JC, Kelly LM. The efficacy of the ketogenic diet—1998: a prospective evaluation of intervention in 150 children. Pediatrics. 1998 Dec;102(6):1358–63. doi:10.1542/peds.102.6.1358. PMID 9832569. https://web.archive.org/web/20040629224858/http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/press/1998/DECEMBER/981207.HTM Lay summary]—JHMI Office of Communications and Public Affairs. Updated 7 December 1998. Cited 6 March 2008.
Does keto diet cause hair loss
On the ketogenic diet, carbohydrates are restricted and so cannot provide for all the metabolic needs of the body. Instead, fatty acids are used as the major source of fuel. These are used through fatty-acid oxidation in the cell's mitochondria (the energy-producing parts of the cell). Humans can convert some amino acids into glucose by a process called gluconeogenesis, but cannot do this by using fatty acids.[57] Since amino acids are needed to make proteins, which are essential for growth and repair of body tissues, these cannot be used only to produce glucose. This could pose a problem for the brain, since it is normally fuelled solely by glucose, and most fatty acids do not cross the blood–brain barrier. However, the liver can use long-chain fatty acids to synthesise the three ketone bodies β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone. These ketone bodies enter the brain and partially substitute for blood glucose as a source of energy.[56]
So, we also don’t know how safe it is to use. Bottom line, this is NOT our favorite keto diet pill. There’s a lot of information missing on their website that we typically like to verify before recommending. And, we wish they prioritized giving out more information on their product. So, instead of buying Total Fit Keto Capsules, click any image for a more well-known formula now!
However, good luck finding a wide variety of food options with zero carbohydrates. Just about every single food that grows in the ground contains carbs – including fruits, veggies, nuts, seeds, grains, etc. and they are also found in dairy. These foods also tend to hold the bulk of many essential nutrients your body needs for survival and good health. So it’s probably well advised to include some carbs in your diet. But how many exactly is still (often passionately) debated.
All you need to do is scan a product using its barcode. The app recognizes more than four million barcodes! An alternative is to type the name of the food item or the name of the brand in the app’s search bar. Then indicate the amount of the food product that you’ve consumed. The app will show you a breakdown of the foodstuffs you ate including the quantity of carbs, fat and proteins. If you’ve set your personalized macros, you’ll get specific info about how much you should be having.
Is keto the most effective diet
Lauren is the food photographer, recipe developer, and author behind the healthy living website Wicked Spatula. With a focus on mindful and sustainable living she aspires to show her audience that healthy eating doesn't have to be boring, complicated, or tasteless and that healthy living is all about getting in touch with yourself and your surroundings.
How do I know Keto is working
In addition, no statement on this website has been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration, and any product mentioned or described on this website is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. If you purchase anything through a link on this website, you should assume that we have an affiliate relationship with the company providing the product or service that you purchase, and that we will be paid in some way. We recommend that you do your own independent research before purchasing anything.
Who won this years World Strongest Man
So, we also don’t know how safe it is to use. Bottom line, this is NOT our favorite keto diet pill. There’s a lot of information missing on their website that we typically like to verify before recommending. And, we wish they prioritized giving out more information on their product. So, instead of buying Total Fit Keto Capsules, click any image for a more well-known formula now!
In the mid-1990s, Hollywood producer Jim Abrahams, whose son's severe epilepsy was effectively controlled by the diet, created the Charlie Foundation to promote it. Publicity included an appearance on NBC's Dateline programme and ...First Do No Harm (1997), a made-for-television film starring Meryl Streep. The foundation sponsored a multicentre research study, the results of which—announced in 1996—marked the beginning of renewed scientific interest in the diet.[1]
How many grams of fat should I eat a day
Long-term use of the ketogenic diet in children increases the risk of slowed or stunted growth, bone fractures, and kidney stones.[18] The diet reduces levels of insulin-like growth factor 1, which is important for childhood growth. Like many anticonvulsant drugs, the ketogenic diet has an adverse effect on bone health. Many factors may be involved such as acidosis and suppressed growth hormone.[38] About one in 20 children on the ketogenic diet develop kidney stones (compared with one in several thousand for the general population). A class of anticonvulsants known as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (topiramate, zonisamide) are known to increase the risk of kidney stones, but the combination of these anticonvulsants and the ketogenic diet does not appear to elevate the risk above that of the diet alone.[39] The stones are treatable and do not justify discontinuation of the diet.[39] Johns Hopkins Hospital now gives oral potassium citrate supplements to all ketogenic diet patients, resulting in one-seventh of the incidence of kidney stones.[40] However, this empiric usage has not been tested in a prospective controlled trial.[9] Kidney stone formation (nephrolithiasis) is associated with the diet for four reasons:[39]
Because keto restricts much higher carb, plant-based foods like beans, legumes, whole grains, some fruits and veggies, as well as milk, nutrition concerns of a keto diet would include low fiber intake, and reduced intake of magnesium, potassium, and vitamin D. Taking supplements, like a multivitamin, may be beneficial if your looking to go keto for more than a few months.
When in the hospital, glucose levels are checked several times daily and the patient is monitored for signs of symptomatic ketosis (which can be treated with a small quantity of orange juice). Lack of energy and lethargy are common, but disappear within two weeks.[17] The parents attend classes over the first three full days, which cover nutrition, managing the diet, preparing meals, avoiding sugar, and handling illness.[19] The level of parental education and commitment required is higher than with medication.[44]
What can I eat for breakfast on keto without eggs
What’s the catch? The ketogenic state has been linked to increasing satiety hormones and decreasing hunger hormones — well-researched during the initial phase. But once you’re off the keto diet after 30 days, the appetite-suppressing hormones will increase significantly from your baseline. Meaning that you’re likely to feel physically hungrier than you did before you started all of this dieting nonsense.
How many carbs should you eat on keto
Copyright © 2018-2018 Dietingwell Keto. By accessing or using this website, you agree to abide by the DIETINGWELLKETO Terms of Service, Privacy Policy and Full Disclaimer. | Sitemap. The material appearing on DIETINGWELLKETO.COM is for educational use only. It should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
What can I drink on keto diet
Variations on the Johns Hopkins protocol are common. The initiation can be performed using outpatient clinics rather than requiring a stay in hospital. Often, no initial fast is used (fasting increases the risk of acidosis, hypoglycaemia, and weight loss). Rather than increasing meal sizes over the three-day initiation, some institutions maintain meal size, but alter the ketogenic ratio from 2:1 to 4:1.[9]
With a keto meal plan, you don't have to worry about what you can and cannot eat. Reduce the thinking of the ketogenic diet with low-carb, delicious, chef-prepared meals that have an average of only 30 net carbs per day. Get all the greens and protein-packed nutrition you need to keep your body in ketosis, burning fat, and reducing weight conveniently and affordably with portion-controlled meals.
Variations on the Johns Hopkins protocol are common. The initiation can be performed using outpatient clinics rather than requiring a stay in hospital. Often, no initial fast is used (fasting increases the risk of acidosis, hypoglycaemia, and weight loss). Rather than increasing meal sizes over the three-day initiation, some institutions maintain meal size, but alter the ketogenic ratio from 2:1 to 4:1.[9]
How does 52 intermittent fasting
Users need to follow the directions written on a paper stuck to the bottle. Pregnant and underage women should avoid it. To get the best result, you need to include it in your daily routine. This is why you must use it correctly as per the direction. Follow the instructions properly. You are sure to have the desired results. The product is marketed in the form of pills and tablets. Users need to consume the pills orally. Each Keto pure bottle contains 60 pills. Consume each capsule daily in empty stomach before breakfast.
How many eggs is too many eggs
×
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
User:MeritedElm63160
Mostly active on the Bavarian Wikipedia... I'll be happy to translate High German texts to Bavarian for you...
simple:User:MeritedElm63160 bar:Nutza:MeritedElm63160
|
WIKI
|
The Low Down on Supplements
0
The Low Down on SupplementsIt’s no secret we all want to look our best. We all want to be toned, thin, and fabulous. So, many people are turning to fat burner supplements to help them achieve that goal. But, do they work? Are they safe? And when should you use them? I hope to answer some of these questions. I want to find out if there really is a magical answer to all our fat problems.
Fat Burners
To start, what are fat burners? They are pills that can contain herbal ingredients such as Ephedra, HCA, Pyruvate, and Chitosan. They all claim to be able to increase metabolism and/or suppress the appetite. Do they work? They are still being perfected, but when used within a cycle of proper dietary supplements they certainly may be helpful.
Chitosan
One ingredient is Chitosan. This is used to by doctors to help treat patients suffering from obesity, high cholesterol, and Crohn’s disease. We can thank shellfish for the sugar their hard outer skeletons provide. According to WebMD, it is also used to treat complications that kidney failure patients on dialysis often face. This includes high cholesterol, anemia, loss of strength and appetite, and trouble sleeping, and insomnia. It binds to fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K which will prevent the body from absorbing them.
Ephedra
Grown in China and Mongolia, Ephedra is a powerful herb. This amphetamine-like substance stimulates the nervous system and heart and is used as an effective treatment for allergies, asthma, and sinus problems. Currently marketed as a weight loss aid, it is used for performance enhancing, increasing energy, and used by body builders. If you decide to take any fat burner supplements containing Ephedra, always talk to your doctor first. Never mix Ephedra with caffeine as it can be dangerous if you do. They are still doing research to learn if using Ephedra is effective in weight loss.
Pyruvate
Pyruvate is a product of sugar metabolism. Its claim to fame is it increases fat loss, reduces cholesterol, and can improve endurance. There is such a tiny amount of Pyruvate found in commercial supplements that it is hard for researches to determine if it works. The good news about Pyruvate is that it is safe to use.
HCA
Hydroxycitrate (HCA) is a natural food substance that comes from the fruit of the Garcina cambogia tree found in southern India. HCA claims to curb your appetite and increases glycogen storage without affecting muscle development or energy levels. They verdict is still out on whether HCA is effective in weight loss and is continually being tested.
While no one is certain that fat burners actually work they are a top seller in the supplement market. If you want to add a weight loss pill to your lifestyle the best thing you can do is to check with your doctor first. It’s the best way to avoid any life threatening and unwanted side effects.
Citations:
Jeana Olchowy can be reached at @jolchowy25 on Twitter if you would like more information.
You might also like
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
User:Ryan David Mellor/Books/GroEL/ES
The Molecular Structure and Function
* GroEL
* GroES
* Chaperonin
* Chaperone (protein)
* Heat shock protein
* Protein–protein interaction
|
WIKI
|
Talk:Staphylinoidea
Live?
Where do these super bettles live? --<IP_ADDRESS> 29 June 2005 18:05 (UTC) I went to link it's okay now. --<IP_ADDRESS> 29 June 2005 18:06 (UTC)
* Virtually in any terrestrial habitat; please go to the pages of each family for more information. --Xvazquez 15:17, 14 October 2007 (UTC)
|
WIKI
|
User:CNMall41/List of acquisitions by Alibaba Group
The following is a List of companies owned by Alibaba Group which includes companies it has launched, acquired, or invested in.
|
WIKI
|
Page:Uniate Eastern Churches.pdf/218
188 to all the inhabitants of Syria, whatever their religion may be. In origin they are the old Semitic population of the land, Aramæans, called in later language Syrians. From the time of Alexander the Great there was considerable Greek influence throughout Syria, mostly in the towns. Greek became the common language of all the Eastern Mediterranean basin, spoken by the more educated townsmen; while peasants went on speaking Syriac and Coptic. Certainly there was considerable infiltration of Greek blood. Alexander and the Seleucid kings brought many Greeks from Hellas to Syria. But this strain of Greek blood has long been lost in the general mass. It has not formed one "nation" among the others. As far as blood is concerned, a Moslem of Syria is just as likely to have Greek blood as a Melkite. Then, with the Moslem conquest of the seventh century, came a new influence. Arabic became the language of the Government, then of the whole people. The Greek influence died out; even Syriac was forgotten; so now they all talk only Arabic. No doubt, from the time of the Moslem conquest there have been infiltrations of Arabic blood too; but this is lost in the general mass, as the Greek blood was before. The language people speak is never a safe nor a final test of their blood. The population of Syria, then, is mixed, as is that of nearly all countries. Fundamentally it is Syrian; it has Greek and Arabic elements. The case is exactly parallel in Egypt. Here we have a population, originally Egyptian, with Greek and Arabic strains lost in the general mass. Probably no single person in either land knows how much of each element he has in his veins. The mixture is the same for all. It has nothing whatever to do with the various religious distinctions, which owe their origin to entirely different causes.
Now we turn to a more serious question, the ecclesiastical origin of the Melkite Church. We have not here the case of
|
WIKI
|
Thread:User talk:Yair rand/Category:Irish mythology and tabbed languages./reply
Hm, I thought the only exceptions were [langname] letter names and [langname] scripts characters. I've added [langname] mythology to the exceptions. This would really be a lot easier if English topic categories began with en:, but it doesn't look like that's going to happen anytime soon...
|
WIKI
|
Evaluation for Fever in Adults
By Dr. J. Gnanaraj | Published: Sep 2017 Volume: 6
What is fever?
Fever means elevated body temperature. Fever is defined as temperature that is higher than 100° F (37.8° C) as measured by an oral thermometer or higher than 100.8° F (38.2° C) as measured by a rectal thermometer. The term “fever” is commonly used when a person feels too warm, too cold, or sweaty, but they have not actually measured their temperature.
Although 98.6° F (37° C) is considered normal temperature, body temperature varies throughout the day. It is lowest in the early morning and highest in the late afternoon—sometimes reaching 99.9° F (37.7° C).
Should we worry about fever?
Most of the time temporary elevation of body temperature [100 to 1040 F] is well tolerated by healthy adults. Since fever causes increase in heart rate [by 4 per degree increase] and respiratory rate [by 1 per degree increase] it can cause problems to those with heart or lung disease and people with dementia can have worsening symptoms of their mental status.
On the other hand temperatures above 105.8 0 F or 41 0 C can cause severe damage to all the systems and failure of many organs. Such serious elevation can occur with heat stroke or sever sepsis [malaria / meningitis / urinary tract or other serious infections]. They can also be due to use of illicit drugs and with some anesthesia or anti–psychotic medicines.
What causes fever?
Chemicals called Pyrogens cause fever. Microorganisms produce External Pyrogens and white blood cells can produce Internal Pyrogens due to inflammation. Hence some of the immunological disorders and cancers can produce internal pyrogens. These fevers unlike the one caused by external pyrogens last longer and are usually of lower grade. A low-grade fever is often described as an oral temperature that is above 98.6° F (37° C) but lower than 100.4° F (38° C) for a period of 24 hours.
How do you evaluate fever?
Since most common cause of fever is viral fever which is self-limiting it is good to have a plan for evaluating a fever. The first step is to look for warning signs like the following:
• A change in mental function, such as confusion
• A headache, stiff neck, or both
• Flat, small, purplish red spots on the skin (petechiae), which indicate bleeding under the skin
• Low blood pressure
• Rapid heart rate or rapid breathing
• Shortness of breath (dyspnea)
• A temperature that is higher than 104° F (40° C) or lower than 95° F (35° C)
• Recent travel to an area where a serious infectious disease such as malaria is common (endemic)
• Recent use of drugs that suppress the immune system (immunosuppressants)
If these are not present then there is no need for evaluation for 48 hours. Just symptomatic treatment and rest should suffice. With high grade fever with chills it is important to get blood and urine tests at the time of fever to identify diseases like Malaria early.
If the fever persists for over 48 hours then some blood and urine tests are necessary. This is because some viral diseases including Dengue fever can cause lowering of the platelet count and white blood counts thus predisposing to spontaneous bleeding and dangerous infections. Also, if the fever is due to bacterial infection then a treatment with antibiotics becomes essential.
If the fever persists for over a week and especially more than two weeks then there are many causes of fever that need to be investigated so that appropriate treatment could be given. For example, tests are necessary for conditions like Typhoid fever, tuberculosis, etc.
What are the things that doctor should be told?
It is important to tell the doctors the following:
• Recent travel to areas with specific infections [for example the recent Dengue fever in Kerala]
• Whether there is pain in the ear, nose, head, neck, teeth, throat, Chest, abdomen, flank, etc.
• If you are experiencing nasal congestion, burning micturition, cough, diarrhea, etc.
• If you have been in contact with someone with an infection, predisposing condition like Diabetes, HIV, immunosuppression, etc.
• Use of medicines like Steroids
How is fever treated?
The treatment of routine mild fever is usually symptomatic if the cause is not viral. Symptomatic treatment involves medicines like Paracetamol to reduce the fever and intake of plenty of fluids and sufficient rest for the body to recover from the fever.
However high temperatures warrant immediate treatment before the various systems start failing. These are similar to treatment of heat stroke. Use of fan, cold or normal water sponging, lifting the legs to allow more blood supply to the brain are as important as any medical treatment. Plenty of fluids are necessary and salt needs replacement if there is lots of sweating.
gnanaraj Dr. J. Gnanaraj MS, MCh [Urology], FICS, FARSI, FIAGES is a urologist and laparoscopic surgeon trained at CMC Vellore. He has been appointed as a Professor in the Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Department of Karunya University and is the Director of Medical Services of the charitable organization SEESHA. He has a special interest in rural surgery and has trained many surgeons in remote rural areas while working in the mission hospitals in rural India. He has helped 21 rural hospitals start minimally invasive surgeries. He has more than 150 publications in national and international journals, most of which are related to modifications necessary for rural surgical practice. He received the Barker Memorial award from the Tropical Doctor for the work regarding surgical camps in rural areas. He is also the recipient of the Innovations award of Emmanuel Hospital Association for health insurance programs in remote areas and the Antia Finseth innovation award for Single incision Gas less laparoscopic surgeries. During the past year, he has been training surgeons in innovative gas less single incision laparoscopic surgeries.
Image: A medical/clinical thermometer showing the temperature of 38.7 °C. Source/Author: Menchi. Date: 2005-91-30. Access the original Image information here: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Clinical_thermometer_38.7.JPG
References (click to show/hide)
1. Available from: http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/biology-of-infectious-disease/fever-in-adults
2. Available from: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/fever_in_adults/article_em.htm
3. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/95116/1/9789241506489_eng.pdf
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
HOLISMOKES: VII. Time-delay measurement of strongly lensed Type Ia supernovae using machine learning
S. Huber, S. H. Suyu, D. Ghoshdastidar, S. Taubenberger, V. Bonvin, J. H.H. Chan, M. Kromer, U. M. Noebauer, S. A. Sim, L. Leal-Taixé
Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelBegutachtung
14 Zitate (Scopus)
Abstract
The Hubble constant (H0) is one of the fundamental parameters in cosmology, but there is a heated debate around the > 4σ tension between the local Cepheid distance ladder and the early Universe measurements. Strongly lensed Type Ia supernovae (LSNe Ia) are an independent and direct way to measure H0, where a time-delay measurement between the multiple supernova (SN) images is required. In this work, we present two machine learning approaches for measuring time delays in LSNe Ia, namely, a fully connected neural network (FCNN) and a random forest (RF). For the training of the FCNN and the RF, we simulate mock LSNe Ia from theoretical SN Ia models that include observational noise and microlensing. We test the generalizability of the machine learning models by using a final test set based on empirical LSN Ia light curves not used in the training process, and we find that only the RF provides a low enough bias to achieve precision cosmology; as such, RF is therefore preferred over our FCNN approach for applications to real systems. For the RF with single-band photometry in the i band, we obtain an accuracy better than 1% in all investigated cases for time delays longer than 15 days, assuming follow-up observations with a 5σ point-source depth of 24.7, a two day cadence with a few random gaps, and a detection of the LSNe Ia 8 to 10 days before peak in the observer frame. In terms of precision, we can achieve an approximately 1.5-day uncertainty for a typical source redshift of ∼0.8 on the i band under the same assumptions. To improve the measurement, we find that using three bands, where we train a RF for each band separately and combine them afterward, helps to reduce the uncertainty to ∼1.0 day. The dominant source of uncertainty is the observational noise, and therefore the depth is an especially important factor when follow-up observations are triggered. We have publicly released the microlensed spectra and light curves used in this work.
OriginalspracheEnglisch
AufsatznummerA157
FachzeitschriftAstronomy and Astrophysics
Jahrgang658
DOIs
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 1 Feb. 2022
Fingerprint
Untersuchen Sie die Forschungsthemen von „HOLISMOKES: VII. Time-delay measurement of strongly lensed Type Ia supernovae using machine learning“. Zusammen bilden sie einen einzigartigen Fingerprint.
Dieses zitieren
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Teunis Houghtaling House
Teunis Houghtaling House, also known as Vredehuis, is a historic home located at Clarksville in Albany County, New York. It was built in two stages: the $1 1/2$-story main block was built about 1770, expanded to a five-bay dwelling about 1790, at which time a 1-story addition was also completed. It is constructed of hand-hewn timber framing. Also on the property are two frame outbuildings and a small family cemetery with burials dating to the early 19th century.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
|
WIKI
|
The Athenian society placed a great emphasis on government education, religion and culture. This was the case in all aspects of life from the public to the private.
Athens was a city that placed the greatest emphasis on government education, religion, and culture. The military was also important to their society.
This Video Should Help:
Welcome to Athens Placed The Greatest Emphasis On Government Education Religion Culture! In this blog, we will explore the meaning behind some of the key words that were used to describe Athenian government and society. We will also discuss how these characteristics shaped the way that Athenians lived their lives. Finally, we will look at what it means for a city to place such a high emphasis on government education and religion.
An Athenian Education
The ancient Athenians placed a great deal of importance on education. For them, it was not simply a means of acquiring knowledge but also a way to develop good character and instill patriotic values. The focus of an Athenian education was on preparation for citizenship and military service. Young boys were taught reading, writing, arithmetic, music, and gymnastics. Girls were educated at home by their mothers in the arts of homemaking and domestic management.
Athens was considered one of the most progressive societies of its time when it came to education. Both boys and girls were given the opportunity to learn ufffd something that was quite rare in other cultures. The thinking behind this was that an educated citizenry would be better able to participate fully in democratic life and make informed decisions about public policy.
As the patron goddess of Athens, Athena represented wisdom, courage, strength, and justice ufffd all qualities that the city-state strove to instill in its citizens through education.
The Role of Religion
The role of religion in ancient Greece was very important. The Greeks believed in many gods and goddesses who ruled over different areas of life. One of the most important goddesses was Athena, the patron goddess of Athens. She was responsible for wisdom, war, and agriculture. Other important gods included Zeus, Poseidon, Apollo, and Hera.
Religion played a big part in everyday life for the Greeks. They would offer sacrifices to the gods and give thanks for good fortune. They would also consult oracles when making decisions about their future. Religion was so important to the Greeks that they even built temples to honor their gods.
The two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece were Athens and Sparta. Both had their own patron goddess ufffd Athena for Athens and Artemis for Sparta. However, there were some key differences between these two city-states when it came to religion.
For example, while both Athens and Sparta had temples dedicated to their patron goddesses, only Athens allowed priests or priestesses to live inside these temples full time. In Sparta, anyone could enter the temple ufffd even soldiers! This shows that religion was taken more seriously in Athens than it was in Sparta.
Another difference between these two city-states is that while Spartans believed in many gods and goddesses, they focused primarily on military training and preparing for battle. In contrast, Athenians placed more emphasis on things like education, citizenship, and homemaking skills (such as cooking and sewing). This is reflected in the types of buildings that were found in each city-state ufffd Spartan temples were designed for military training while Athenian temples were used more for religious ceremonies and gatherings
The Culture of Athens
Athenian education focused on preparing citizens for military service and for their roles in government. Skills such as homemaking and clerical work were also taught. The patron goddess of Athens was Athena, who represented wisdom, war, and art.
The Spartan government was a oligarchy, meaning that it was ruled by a small group of wealthy landowners. This form of government allowed for quick decision making but did not allow for much input from the general population.
Athens is known for its direct democracy, which allowed all citizens to participate in the government. This system resulted in slower decision making but ensured that everyone had a say in how their city was run.
During the battle of Thermopylae, Spartan soldiers fought bravely against the invading Persian army. Although they were eventually outnumbered and outmaneuvered, their actions saved many Greek soldiers from being slaughtered.
The Government of Athens
The government of Athens was focused on preparing its citizens for the military, citizenship, and homemaking. The patron goddess of Athens was Athena, who represented wisdom and war. Sparta’s government was different in that it did not focus on the same things as Athens. Instead, Spartan soldiers were trained to be disciplined and efficient in order to save retreating members of the Greek army.
The Spartan Government
The Spartan government was a military state, focused on preparing its citizens for warfare and maintaining strict discipline. All able-bodied men were required to serve in the army, beginning at age 20, and remaining until they reached 60 years old. The Spartan army was considered one of the most formidable fighting forces in the ancient world. Spartans were also known for their rigorous training, which began in childhood. Boys were taken from their families at age 7 and enrolled in the agoge, a state-sponsored educational system designed to instill loyalty to Sparta and its laws.
In Athens, education was focused on preparing young men for citizenship and public service. Boys began their schooling at age 6 and studied grammar, rhetoric, poetry, music, and mathematics. Girls were not formally educated but could learn basic reading and arithmetic from their mothers or through private tutors. Athenian education also emphasized physical fitness and included sports such as wrestling and running. Citizenship was reserved for male citizens who owned property or had served in the military. Women were not allowed to participate in government or own property but could inherit money or land from their fathers or husbands
The Spartan Army
The Spartan Army was one of the most feared military forces in the ancient world. Spartans were renowned for their discipline, skill in combat, and their willingness to fight to the death. The Spartan army was small but highly effective, and it played a key role in several important victories during the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War.
Spartans were required to begin their military training at age seven. They would spend the next 20 years honing their skills and learning how to be effective soldiers. This rigorous training made them some of the most disciplined troops in the world. When they weren’t training, they were expected to maintain their bodies in peak physical condition so that they would be ready for battle at a moment’s notice.
The Spartan government was an oligarchy, meaning that it was ruled by a small group of wealthy landowners. This elite group controlled both the government and the military, and they used their power to keep ordinary Spartans in check. The strict social hierarchy meant that Spartans had very little personal freedom, but it also helped to create a strong sense of unity within Spartan society.
Athens, on the other hand, had a democracy ( albeit a flawed one). This means that all citizens had a say in how Athens was governed. While this system allowed for more personal freedom than Sparta’s oligarchy, it also meant that Athens was often chaotic and disorganized compared to its rival city-state.
One of Sparta’s most famous victories came at Thermopylae, where 300 Spartan soldiers held off an entire Persian army for several days before being outnumbered and outflanked by the enemy forces. The heroic stand of these brave warriors inspired all Greeks to resist Xerxes’ invasion force, ultimately leading to victory against overwhelming odds later that year at Salamis and Platea .
without Thermopylae , Greece may have fallen to Xerxes’ invading army
The Patron Goddess of Athens
Athena was the patron goddess of Athens and she represented a number of things including wisdom, courage, and warfare. She was also a symbol of the city itself. To the Athenians, Athena was someone to be admired and respected. They saw her as a powerful figure who could protect them from harm.
Which Best Describes the Spartan Government?:
The Spartan government was an oligarchy, which means that it was ruled by a small group of people. This small group was made up of wealthy landowners who had military experience. They were in charge of making decisions for the city-state of Sparta.
Which Characteristic of Government Describes Athens, Not Sparta?:
Sparta had a very strict and regimented government while Athens was much more open and democratic. In Athens, citizens had a say in how their city-state was run. They could participate in debates and vote on laws. This wasn’t possible in Sparta where the ruling class held all the power.
The Athenian Citizenship
The Athenian citizenship was one that focused on the preparation for the military, as well as homemaking and the clergy. The main reason why Athens had such a focus on the military was because their patron goddess was Athena, who represented strength and power. This meant that Athens needed to be strong in order to protect themselves from other civilizations. Another characteristic of the Athenian government is that it was extremely democratic. This allowed for all citizens to have a say in what happened in their city-state. However, this also meant that Sparta had a very different government.
The Spartan government was much more autocratic. This means that there was only one ruler who made all of the decisions. While this may seem like it would be less effective, it actually allowed Sparta to be very efficient when it came to preparing for war. They did not need to waste time debating or voting on things, they could just act quickly and get things done. Another difference between Sparta and Athens is that Spartan soldiers were required to help save any retreating members of the Greek army. This helped create a sense of unity among Greeks, and it also showed how dedicated Spartans were to their country
The “which statement describes a characteristic of sparta’s religion?” is a question that would be asked in an essay. The answer to the question would be “Athens placed the greatest emphasis on government education, culture and religion.”
|
FINEWEB-EDU
|
Ether Pumps to 5-Year High of $4.47K Alongside Tom Lee's Massive ETH Treasury Bet and Fed Rate Cut Hopes
Ether (ETH) has climbed 5% in the past 24 hours to $4,470, its highest price since December 2021.
Helping the bullish action in crypto in general was Tuesday morning's Consumer Price Index report. While the data was mixed and inflation remains above the Federal Reserve's 2% target, market participants lifted bets on the U.S. central bank trimming interest rates at its next meeting in September.
Boosting ether in particular was a new massive leg higher in the growing corporate treasury strategy movement. Already the owner of roughly $5 billion in ETH, Tom Lee's Bitmine Immersion Technologies (BMNR) disclosed plans to raise up to $20 billion in capital for further purchases.
The move extends a months-long rally for the Ethereum network’s native token, which also continues to outperform bitcoin after years of severe relative weakeness. The ETH/BTC ratio rose above 0.37 on Tuesday, now higher by nearly 50% over the past month, though still lower by 15% year-over-year.
A key driver in recent weeks has been surging inflows into U.S. spot ether exchange-traded funds. On Monday, ether ETFs saw a record $1 billion in daily inflows, again surpassing their bitcoin equivalents.
“Ethereum’s outperformance today, with a gain of over 4% against Bitcoin’s muted move, reflects the market’s focus on its own set of powerful catalysts,” said Axel Rudolph, senior technical analyst at IG. “Institutional inflows into US spot ETH ETFs following the US's CPI print, coupled with growing confidence in the network’s recent upgrades, are proving far more compelling for investors than the broader macro-driven momentum underpinning bitcoin.”
Supporters have increasingly dubbed Ethereum “the blockchain of Wall Street,” pointing to its central role in tokenizing assets, hosting decentralized finance platforms and powering settlement systems that resemble traditional market infrastructure.
"We’re seeing a wave of renewed interest from institutional and sophisticated investors who view ETH as more than just a ‘second-place’ crypto," said David Siemer, co-founder and CEO of Wave Digital Assets. "They see it as the backbone of DeFi, tokenization, and the largest smart contract ecosystem."
"Given the backdrop of greater regulatory clarity out of the U.S. and the passing of the GENIUS Act, combined with ETH-focused digital asset treasuries such as Sharplink buying significant amounts of the token, and a resurgence in DeFi activity across ETH-focused protocols, it’s clear there is broader institutional interest in the ecosystem," he said.
If the Fed delivers the rate cut traders are betting on, the combination of looser monetary policy, strong ETF demand and strategic positioning by large investors could further fuel ETH’s run — although, as with past rallies, volatility may prove just as intense on the way down.
UPDATE (August 12, 17:53 UTC): Adds further commentary from David Siemer, co-founder and CEO of Wave Digital Assets.
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Finding the Right Workout Program
Contents
I. Why Finding the Right Workout Program is Important
I. Why Finding the Right Workout Program is Important
When it comes to achieving your fitness goals, finding the right workout program is crucial. It’s not just about randomly picking any exercise routine; rather, it’s about selecting a program that aligns with your specific needs and preferences. Here are several reasons why finding the right workout program is important:
A. Maximizing Results
The right workout program ensures that you make the most out of your efforts by targeting specific areas of improvement. Whether you aim to build strength, lose weight, or enhance endurance, a tailored program will provide exercises and techniques designed to maximize results in those areas.
B. Preventing Plateaus
Plateaus can be frustrating when you’re working hard but no longer seeing progress. A well-designed workout program helps prevent plateaus by incorporating progressive overload and periodization techniques. By constantly challenging your body with new exercises or increasing intensity gradually over time, you can continue making gains without hitting a plateau.
C. Minimizing Injuries
The right workout program takes into account proper form and technique while performing exercises, reducing the risk of injuries significantly. A qualified trainer or instructor can guide you through correct movement patterns and help identify any potential imbalances or weaknesses that need attention.
D. Maintaining Motivation
Following a workout routine that aligns with your interests and preferences helps maintain motivation levels high throughout your fitness journey. When you enjoy what you do during exercise sessions, it becomes easier to stick to the plan consistently and achieve long-term success.
E. Tailored Progression
No two individuals are alike when it comes to fitness goals or starting points on their journey. The right workout program takes into account individual differences and provides a structured plan for gradual progression. This ensures that you don’t push yourself too hard initially or hold back when you could be challenging yourself further.
F. Sustainable Lifestyle
A workout program that suits your lifestyle and preferences makes it easier to incorporate exercise into your daily routine. Whether it’s finding time for workouts, choosing activities you enjoy, or adapting the program to fit your schedule, a tailored approach promotes long-term adherence and turns fitness into a sustainable lifestyle.
II. Factors to Consider When Choosing a Workout Program
II. Factors to Consider When Choosing a Workout Program
When it comes to choosing a workout program, there are several important factors that you should consider. These factors can help ensure that you select a program that aligns with your fitness goals, fits into your lifestyle, and keeps you motivated and engaged. Here are some key considerations:
Evaluating Your Fitness Goals
The first step in selecting the right workout program is to evaluate your fitness goals. Are you looking to lose weight, build muscle, improve endurance, or enhance flexibility? Understanding what you want to achieve will guide your choice of exercise routines and intensity levels.
Your Current Fitness Level
Consider your current fitness level when choosing a workout program. If you’re new to exercising or have been inactive for an extended period, it’s crucial to start with beginner-friendly programs that gradually increase in intensity. On the other hand, if you’re already fit and seeking more challenging workouts, advanced programs may be more suitable.
Schedule and Time Commitment
Look at your schedule and determine how much time you can realistically dedicate to working out each week. Some programs require daily sessions while others only need 2-3 days per week. Make sure the chosen program aligns with your availability so that it doesn’t become overwhelming or impossible to maintain.
Type of Exercise
The type of exercise plays a significant role in determining which workout program is right for you. Think about activities that interest you most – whether it’s cardio-intensive exercises like running or cycling or strength training exercises using weights or resistance bands. Opting for activities that excite you will make sticking with the routine more enjoyable.
Variety and Progression
A good workout program should offer variety and progression. Look for programs that include a mix of different exercises to target various muscle groups and prevent boredom. Additionally, progression is essential to keep challenging your body and avoiding plateaus. Programs that gradually increase the intensity or introduce new workout techniques are ideal.
Accessibility of Resources
Consider the accessibility of resources required for the workout program. If you prefer exercising at home, make sure you have access to necessary equipment or online videos/instructions. Alternatively, if you plan on joining a gym or fitness center, ensure it offers the facilities and classes associated with your chosen program.
By taking these factors into account when choosing a workout program, you can increase your chances of finding one that suits your needs and keeps you motivated on your fitness journey.
III. Different Types of Workout Programs Available
III. Different Types of Workout Programs Available
When it comes to finding the right workout program, there are various options available to cater to different fitness goals and preferences. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced gym-goer, there’s a workout program out there that suits your needs. Here are some popular types of workout programs:
1. Strength Training
Strength training focuses on building muscle mass and increasing overall strength. It typically involves lifting weights or using resistance machines to target specific muscle groups. Strength training programs can be designed for beginners looking to tone their bodies or advanced lifters aiming for maximum muscle growth.
2. Cardiovascular Training
If you’re more interested in improving your cardiovascular health and burning calories, cardio workouts might be the right choice for you. These exercises include activities like running, cycling, swimming, or using cardio equipment such as treadmills or ellipticals. Cardiovascular training programs help improve endurance and promote weight loss.
3. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
HIIT workouts have gained popularity due to their efficiency in burning fat and boosting metabolism in a short amount of time. This type of training involves alternating between intense bursts of exercise with short recovery periods, challenging both aerobic and anaerobic systems simultaneously.
4. Yoga/Pilates
If you prefer a more mindful approach to fitness while still improving flexibility, balance, and core strength, yoga or Pilates might be your go-to workout program choice. These low-impact exercises focus on controlled movements and breathing techniques that help relieve stress while enhancing body awareness.
5.Circuit Training
Circuit training combines strength exercises with cardiovascular intervals in a fast-paced manner by moving quickly from one exercise to another. This type of workout program is great for those who want to incorporate both strength and cardio training into a single session.
6. Sports-Specific Training
If you’re an athlete or looking to excel in a particular sport, sports-specific training programs are tailored to improve the skills and physical attributes needed for that specific activity. These programs focus on enhancing speed, agility, endurance, and sport-specific movements.
Remember, choosing the right workout program depends on your fitness goals, preferences, and individual needs. It’s essential to consult with a fitness professional or trainer who can guide you in selecting the most suitable program for your goals while considering any limitations or health concerns you may have.
IV. Tips for Evaluating and Selecting the Right Workout Program
IV. Tips for Evaluating and Selecting the Right Workout Program
Choosing the right workout program can be a daunting task, especially with the wide array of options available in today’s fitness industry. To ensure you make an informed decision, consider these essential tips:
1. Set Clear Goals
Prioritize your fitness goals before embarking on a workout program search. Whether you aim to lose weight, build muscle, increase flexibility or improve overall health, having clear objectives will help narrow down your choices.
2. Assess Your Fitness Level
Honestly evaluate your current fitness level to determine what types of workouts are suitable for you. If you’re a beginner, look for programs that cater to beginners or offer modifications for different fitness levels.
3. Consider Personal Preferences and Interests
Avoid choosing workout programs solely based on their popularity or effectiveness; instead, consider what activities you genuinely enjoy and find motivating. Whether it’s dancing, martial arts, or outdoor activities like hiking or cycling – finding something enjoyable will increase adherence and long-term success.
4. Research Different Workout Styles
Familiarize yourself with various workout styles such as cardio-based exercises (running, swimming), resistance training (weightlifting), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), yoga, Pilates, etc., to understand which approach aligns best with your goals and interests.
5. Seek Professional Guidance
If you’re uncertain about designing your own workout program or need expert advice tailored to your needs and limitations (such as injuries or medical conditions), consult with a certified personal trainer who can guide you in selecting the most suitable routine.
6. Read Reviews and Testimonials
Before committing to a specific workout program, read reviews and testimonials from individuals who have already tried it. Look for feedback on its effectiveness, safety, and level of enjoyment to gain further insights into what you can expect.
7. Consider Time Commitment
Be realistic about the time you can dedicate to exercise each week. Some programs require an hour or more per day, while others offer shorter, more intense workouts. Choose a program that fits your schedule without overwhelming you.
8. Evaluate Equipment and Space Requirements
Determine whether the workout program requires specific equipment or ample space at home or if it is gym-based. Ensure you have access to the necessary resources before committing to avoid any obstacles later on.
V. Common Mistakes to Avoid When Choosing a Workout Program
When it comes to choosing a workout program, there are several common mistakes that people often make. These mistakes can hinder their progress, lead to frustration, and even increase the risk of injury. To ensure you find the right workout program for your needs, it’s important to avoid these pitfalls:
Focusing Only on One Type of Exercise
Many individuals make the mistake of solely focusing on one type of exercise, such as cardio or strength training. While specializing in one area may seem beneficial at first, it’s crucial to incorporate a well-rounded fitness routine that includes both cardiovascular exercises and strength training. This approach not only enhances overall fitness but also helps prevent imbalances and promotes better overall health.
Ignoring Personal Goals and Preferences
A common mistake is selecting a workout program solely based on trends or recommendations from others without considering personal goals and preferences. It’s essential to choose an exercise regimen that aligns with your specific objectives and caters to activities you genuinely enjoy doing. By doing so, you’ll be more motivated and likely to stick with the program long-term.
Neglecting Proper Warm-Up and Cool-Down
An often overlooked aspect is neglecting proper warm-up and cool-down routines before exercising. Failing to adequately prepare muscles for physical activity can result in injuries or decreased performance during workouts. Similarly, skipping cool-down exercises can lead to post-workout muscle soreness or stiffness. Make sure you allocate time before each session for dynamic stretching or light aerobic exercises as well as post-workout stretches.
Overtraining Without Adequate Rest Days
Sometimes individuals get caught up in the mindset that more is always better when it comes to exercise intensity or frequency. However, overtraining without allowing sufficient rest days can lead to burnout and increased risk of injury. It’s crucial to listen to your body and incorporate rest days into your workout schedule. Rest allows for muscle recovery, reduces fatigue, and ultimately enhances overall performance.
Not Seeking Professional Guidance
Avoiding professional guidance is another mistake people often make when choosing a workout program. While there are plenty of online resources available, seeking advice from certified fitness professionals can provide personalized recommendations tailored to your specific needs and goals. They can help design a program that considers your fitness level, any existing health conditions or injuries, and ensure you’re performing exercises correctly with proper form.
By being aware of these common mistakes when selecting a workout program, you’ll be better equipped to find the right fit for your goals while maximizing results and minimizing setbacks.
VI. Frequently Asked Questions about Finding the Right Workout Program
1. How do I know which workout program is right for me?
Finding the right workout program depends on various factors such as your fitness goals, current fitness level, preferences, and any specific health considerations you may have. It’s essential to assess your needs and consult with a professional trainer or healthcare provider to determine the most suitable program for you.
2. Should I focus on cardio or strength training?
The answer depends on your individual goals. Cardio exercises are great for improving cardiovascular health, burning calories, and increasing endurance. On the other hand, strength training helps build muscle mass, improve bone density, and boost metabolism. A well-rounded fitness routine often includes both cardio and strength training exercises.
3. How often should I work out?
The frequency of your workouts will depend on several factors like your schedule, fitness level, and recovery ability. Generally speaking, it’s recommended to engage in moderate-intensity aerobic activity at least 150 minutes per week or vigorous-intensity aerobic activity for 75 minutes per week spread across different days.
4. Can I achieve my fitness goals without going to a gym?
Absolutely! While going to a gym offers access to equipment and professional guidance from trainers, there are plenty of effective workouts that can be done at home or outdoors using minimal equipment like bodyweight exercises or resistance bands.
5. What if I don’t enjoy traditional workouts like running or weightlifting?
No worries! The key is finding physical activities that you genuinely enjoy because consistency is crucial when it comes to sticking with an exercise routine long-term. Explore alternative options such as dance classes, martial arts training, hiking, swimming, or team sports to keep yourself motivated and engaged.
6. Can I modify a workout program to suit my fitness level?
Absolutely! It’s essential to listen to your body and make adjustments as needed. If a workout feels too challenging, you can start with lower intensity or shorter durations and gradually increase as your fitness level improves. Remember, everyone starts somewhere, so it’s important not to compare yourself with others.
7. Are there any precautions I should take before starting a new workout program?
Prioritizing safety is crucial when starting any new exercise routine. It’s recommended to consult with a healthcare professional if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or injuries. Additionally, warming up properly before each session, staying hydrated, using proper form during exercises, and listening to your body are all important aspects of injury prevention.
8. How long does it take to see results from a workout program?
The time it takes to see noticeable results can vary depending on several factors such as the intensity of your workouts, consistency in following the program, nutrition habits, genetics, and individual body composition. Generally speaking though, most people begin noticing improvements in their energy levels and overall well-being within a few weeks of regular exercise.
Leave a Comment
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
pericardial effusion
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Legal, Acronyms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.
Related to pericardial effusion: pericarditis
effusion
[ĕ-fu´zhun]
1. escape of a fluid into a part; exudation or transudation.
2. an exudate or transudate.
chyliform effusion see chylothorax.
chylous effusion see chylothorax.
pericardial effusion the accumulation of an abnormally large amount of pericardial fluid in the pericardium.
Accumulated fluid from a pericardial effusion evacuated by the subxiphoid approach to pericardiocentesis. From Polaski and Tatro, 1996.
pleural effusion see pleural effusion.
pseudochylous effusion see chylothorax.
per·i·car·di·al ef·fu·sion
increased fluid within the pericardial sac; can cause circulatory compromise by compression of the heart; most often caused by inflammation, infection, malignancy, and uremia.
pericardial effusion
Etymology: Gk, peri, around, kardia, heart; L, effundere, to pour out
the escape of blood or other fluid into the pericardium. Also called hydropericardium.
pericardial effusion
Medtalk An abnormal collection of fluid in the pericardium
per·i·car·di·al ef·fu·sion
(per'i-kahr'dē-ăl ĕ-fyū'zhŭn)
Increased amounts of fluid within the pericardial sac, usually due to inflammation.
pericardial
pertaining to the pericardium.
pericardial diaphragmatic hernia
pericardial effusion
the second stage of pericarditis when much inflammatory exudate accumulates, part of a general edematous state or in cases of neoplasia involving the epicardium or pericardium. Characterized by enlargement of the cardiac silhouette on radiography and outline on percussion, muffling of heart sounds and congestive heart failure due to compression of the heart by cardiac tamponade.
pericardial fibrosis
a chronic change in pericarditis, leading to constriction that limits diastolic ventricular volume. See also constrictive pericarditis.
pericardial friction rub
see pericardial rub.
pericardial inflammation
pericardial knock
an early diastolic sound caused by loss of pericardial elasticity accompanying fibrosis that limits ventricular filling.
pericardial meridian points
acupuncture points located along the pericardial meridian.
pericardial paracentesis
pericardial tamponade
see cardiac tamponade.
References in periodicals archive ?
While pericardial cysts can grow slowly over time, rapid temporal or positional change in size should raise the question of pericardial diverticulum or loculated pericardial effusion in the setting of adhesions.
Cytologic evaluation of the pericardial effusion revealed a very low cellularity and finely stippled pink background containing high numbers of erythrocytes admixed with small numbers of macrophages and rare reactive mesothelial cells.
1), (2) The cardiac problems associated with patients with CSS include a wide range of pathologies such as congestive heart failure, pericardial effusions, myocarditis, and intracardiac thrombosis.
Pericardial disease including uremic pericarditis and pericardial effusion is one of the common complications of end stage renal failure.
Also, cytodiagnosis of pericardial effusion may help in the diagnosis, regardless of the appearance of the effusion.
1) Pericardial effusion was the commonest mode of presentation in our patients, which is in keeping with other studies.
The presence of ascites, pleural effusions and pericardial effusions was noted.
The company's Complete Response accepted by the FDA included specific guidance for identifying patients at potential risk for, and guidance to manage patients who may develop pericarditis or pericardial effusions.
In all, 10 of 31 patients (32%) had at least one significant cardiac finding (prolonged QTc, pericardial effusion, and/or mitral valve prolapse), despite the short duration of their illness.
In the presence of ACT, the echocardiogram findings will reveal collapse or partial collapse of the atria or ventricles related to the development of the pericardial effusion (McCance & Huether).
Smith's alleged failure to orally communicate with Jamia Hoard's health care personnel, caused her to have a pericardial effusion.
In a 10 yr follow up study, it has been observed that corticosteroids when added to anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy in patients with tuberculous pericardial effusion has reduced the adverse reactions and the risk of death provided there are no contraindications to the use of steroids (21).
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Édouard Yves
Édouard Yves (born 26 October 1907, date of death unknown) was a Belgian Olympic foil and sabre fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team foil event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
In total, he had 3 Olymipic Appearances, the very first one being in the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics.
|
WIKI
|
Page:Southern Historical Society Papers volume 12.djvu/298
288 Southern Historical Society Papers.
* ^DITOF(IAL pAF^AQFiAPH?.
Renewals are not only still " in order," but are absolutely essen- tial to the comfort and well-being of " these headquarters."
Three dollars is a small matter to the individual subscriber, but the one thousand three dollars due us is a very large matter to us. In fact, it is just exactly the difference between meeting all of our e.xpenses this year without trouble, and being seriously embarrassed in meeting our current obligations.
We beg, therefore, that those indebted to us will remit at once, and not wait for further dunning of any kind whatever. We need your subscription
The "Lee Camp Fair," held in Richmond, was a splendid success, and a very handsome sum was realized for the "Confederate Home." So soon as the plans of the committee are fully matured, we will announce them ; but we may say that in the meantime more money will be needed to carry out these plans, and contributions to the fund are still in order.
The " Soldiers' Home of the State of Louisiana " has been fully organized, with General F, T. Nichols as President, and John H. Murray as Treasurer, and we have received the report for the year ending ist of May, 1884, which gives a most encouraging exhibit of its affairs.
They have twenty-two inmates of the " Home," and seem to have made all proper arrangements for their care, and admirable regulations for the management of the " Home."
Colonel Heros Von Borcke, the gallant and accomplished Prussian, who tendered his sword to the Confederacy and served with such distinction on the staff of General J. E. B. Stuart, is now on a visit to his old comrades, and has been received with open arms at Baltimore, Richmond, and at other points.
Confederates generally will give him a warm welcome and a hearty greet- ing.
|
WIKI
|
UPDATE 1-Bulgaria cancels tender for Sofia airport
(Adds details, background) SOFIA, April 5 (Reuters) - Bulgaria’s interim government on Wednesday cancelled a tender to run and operate Sofia airport, saying the plans to grant concession rights for 35 years at the country’s main airport were not in the public interest. “The government has decided to cancel the tender,” a government spokeswoman said after a cabinet meeting. The interim transport minister said last month he would propose the cancellation of the tender as it would lead to higher airport fees and hurt air traffic to Bulgaria. The centre-right GERB party, which won snap elections last month and hopes to form a coalition government by the end of April, is expected to look into the process and decide whether to launch a new tender for the airport. The tender was originally launched last May by the previous centre-right government and could have raised 1.2 billion levs ($655 million), half of which should have been paid upfront. Turkey’s Limak Holding, Russia’s VTB Capital and Switzerland’s Flughafen Zuerich were planning to jointly bid for the right to operate the airport, sources said last year. German airport operator Fraport has said it was considering whether to bid and local media has said Turkish airports group TAV, in which French Groupe ADP has a 38 percent stake had also expressed an interest. The Sofia airport, which was used by 5 million passengers last year, is currently operated by the state. ($1 = 1.8320 leva) (Reporting by Tsvetelia Tsolova; editing by Jason Neely and Jane Merriman)
|
NEWS-MULTISOURCE
|
Fluid dynamics of a transverse jet reactor for zinc aerosol hydrolysis
Julia Haltiwanger Nicodemus, Jane H. Davidson
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
3 Scopus citations
Abstract
A new concept for control of the flow field, and thus particle yield, in an aerosol reactor designed for the hydrolysis of Zn in the two-step Zn/ZnO solar thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production is described and evaluated. For the hydrolysis step, much attention has been given to Zn nanoscale reacting aerosols for their potential to increase conversion to ZnO and because they enable a continuous, controllable process. The success of this continuous process depends on achieving high particle yields in the reactor. A key challenge is to control the flow field in aerosol reactors to keep the particles entrained in the flow without deposition on the reactor wall. The ability of a new reactor concept based on transverse jet fluid dynamics to control the flow field and rapidly cool the Zn vapor is investigated. In the transverse jet reactor, evaporated Zn entrained in an Ar carrier gas issues vertically into the horizontal tubular reactor through which cooler H 2O and Ar flow. Particles are formed in the presence of steam at ∼ 450 K. The trajectory of the jet is controlled via the effective velocity ratio, R, which is the square root of the ratio of the kinetic energy of the jet to that of the cross-flow. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model indicates that the trajectory of the jet can be controlled so that the majority of the Zn mass is directed down the center of the reactor, not near the reactor walls for R 4.25 to R 4.5. Experimentally, maximum particle yields of 93 of the mass entering the reactor are obtained at R 4.5.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number041018
JournalJournal of Solar Energy Engineering, Transactions of the ASME
Volume134
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 2012
Fingerprint
Dive into the research topics of 'Fluid dynamics of a transverse jet reactor for zinc aerosol hydrolysis'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Talk:Marnie Holborow
New book released. Homes in Crisis Capitalism
can someone who knows how to update Wikipedia as the latest book? I've taken photos of the details, but don't know how to upload. RaylenGiveNZ (talk) 17:34, 25 May 2024 (UTC)
|
WIKI
|
2007–08 Lebanese FA Cup
The 2007–08 Lebanese FA Cup was the 36th edition of the national football cup competition of Lebanon. It started with the first round on 20 October 2007, and ended on 3 July 2008 with the final. The cup winners were guaranteed a place in the 2009 AFC Cup.
|
WIKI
|
Acupuncture to improve live birth rates for women undergoing in vitro fertilization: A protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Caroline Smith, Sheryl De Lacey, Michael Chapman, Julie Ratcliffe, Robert Norman, Neil Johnson, Gavin Sacks, Jane Lyttleton, Clare Boothroyd
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
17 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
Background: IVF is a costly treatment option for women, their partners, and the public. Therefore new therapies that improve reproductive and health outcomes are highly desirable. There is a growing body of research evaluating the effect of acupuncture administered during IVF, and specifically on the day of embryo transfer (ET). Many trials are heterogeneous and results inconsistent. There remains insufficient evidence to determine if acupuncture can enhance live birth rates when used as an adjunct to IVF treatment.The study will determine the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture with improving the proportion of women undergoing IVF having live births. Other objectives include: determination of the cost effectiveness of IVF with acupuncture; and examination of the personal and social context of acupuncture in IVF patients, and examining the reasons why the acupuncture may or may not have worked.Methods: We will conduct a randomized controlled trial of acupuncture compared to placebo acupuncture.Inclusion criteria include: women aged less than 43 years; undergoing a fresh IVF or ICSI cycle; and restricted to women with the potential for a lower live birth rate defined as two or more previous unsuccessful ETs; and unsuccessful clinical pregnancies of quality embryos deemed by the embryologist to have been suitable for freezing by standard criteria. Women will be randomized to acupuncture or placebo acupuncture. Treatment is administered on days 6 to 8 of the stimulated cycle and two treatments on the day of ET. A non-randomized cohort of women not using acupuncture will be recruited to the study. The primary study outcome is the proportion of women reporting a live birth. Secondary outcomes include the proportion of women reporting a clinical pregnancy miscarriage prior to 12 weeks, quality of life, and self-efficacy. The sample size of the study is 1,168 women, with the aim of detecting a 7% difference in live births between groups (P = 0.05, 80% power).Discussion: There remains a need for further research to add significant new knowledge to defining the exact role of certain acupuncture protocols in the management of infertility requiring IVF from a clinical and cost-effectiveness perspective.Clinical Trial Registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12611000226909.
Original languageEnglish
Article number60
Number of pages6
JournalTrials
Volume13
Issue numberMay
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 18 May 2012
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Acupuncture to improve live birth rates for women undergoing in vitro fertilization: A protocol for a randomized controlled trial'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
2016) and pancreatic cancer cells (Lin et?al
2016) and pancreatic cancer cells (Lin et?al. was decreased weighed against AM630 the control group considerably, and PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt308 and mTOR appearance was decreased. Debate and conclusions: We are able to conclude that deoxyshikonin isolated from inhibited CRC through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. (Royle) Jonst (Boraginaceae). In the medical and pharmaceutical field, shikonin currently provides aroused growing interest for immune legislation (Li et?al. 2013), bacterias inhibition (Kuo et?al. 2004; Zhao et?al. 2017) and antitumour activity (Ahn et?al. 2013; Lin et?al. 2015; Jeung et?al. 2016). Significantly, shikonin shows powerful anti-proliferative and apoptosis actions against multiple tumour cells lately, including lung (Jeung et?al. 2016) and pancreatic cancers cells (Lin et?al. 2015) and HaCaT cells (Ahn et?al. 2013). Nevertheless, the fairly AM630 low Ki beliefs of shikonin could have a high-risk potential to trigger possible toxicity, specifically drugCdrug or foodCdrug connections predicated on the powerful inhibition of CYP enzymes (Tang et?al. AM630 2017). Therefore, there’s been increased curiosity about the powerful shikonin derivatives with lower toxicity and more powerful antitumour actions (Lin et?al. 2015; Lu et?al. 2015). Oddly enough, zero non-haematological or haematological toxicity is seen in a rat model using a dosage as high as 800?mg/kg shikonin derivative daily for 6?a few months (Su et?al. 2014). Furthermore, shikonin derivatives bind well to tubulin in colchicine to market tumour cell apoptosis (Qiu, Wang, et?al. 2017), suppress nuclear localization of STAT3 to inhibit breasts cancer tumor cells (Qiu, Zhu, et?al. 2017), or reduce tumour development by inhibiting medullary thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis (Hasenoehrl et?al. 2017). In mechanistic analysis, shikonin derivative (-hydroxyisovaleryl-shikonin) marketed cervical cancers cell apoptosis via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway (Lu et?al. 2015). Nevertheless, the antitumour activity of the shikonin derivatives on individual cancer of the colon and their molecular system remain unclear. As a result, in Sept 2015 in Haozhou this research centered on the removal and id effective shikonin derivatives of had been bought, Anhui Province, China, and put through taxonomic id by Xiaobin Zeng with voucher specimens (no. 161001) deposited at Middle Lab of Longhua Branch, Shenzhen Individuals Hospital, 2nd Scientific Medical University of Jinan School in Shenzhen, China. The root base of (7.5?kg) were extracted 3 x with 95% ethanol. The solvent was taken out under vacuum to produce the crude extract (1150?g). The crude extract was resuspended in drinking water and partitioned with chloroform (3?L??3), ethyl acetate (3?L??3) and water-saturated worth significantly less than 0.05 was considered significant statistically. Outcomes Isolates Deoxyshikonin (1) (purity: 95.3%) was a crimson amorphous natural powder; []25 D 0 (c 0.20, CHCl3); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400?MHz) data: 6.85 (1H, s, H-3), 7.20 (2H, s, H-7, 8), 12.47 (1H, s, 9-OH), 12.63 (1H, s, 6-OH), 2.64 (2H, t, by AM630 bioassay-guided fractionation. These shikonin derivatives had been defined as deoxyshikonin (1) (Amount 2) (Ozgen et?al. 2004), acetylshikonin (2) (Ko et?al. 1995), isobutyrylshikonin (3) (Cui et?al. 2008), ,-dimethylacrylshikonin (4) (Hu et?al. 2006) and isovalerylshikonin (5) (Ko et?al. 1995), using spectral analysis by 1H and 13C evaluation and NMR with literature data. Open in another window Amount 1. Chemical framework of shikonin derivatives. 1: deoxyshikonin; 2: acetylshikonin; 3: isobutyrylshikonin; 4: ,-dimethylacrylshikonin; 5: isovalerylshikonin. Open up in another window Amount 2. The 1H and 13C NMR chromatograms of shikonin derivative deoxyshikonin taking place in via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway To analyse the antitumour ramifications of deoxyshikonin, a xenograft was utilized by us tumour model by transplanting DLD-1 cells to nude mice. Weighed against the control group, treatment with 20?mg/kg deoxyshikonin suppressed the development of xenograft tumours in time 5 markedly, 9 and 11, while there have been no significant adjustments in bodyweight from the mice (Amount 7(A)). At the ultimate end of the analysis, we weighed and taken out the tumours. The weight from the tumour tissue from mice treated with deoxyshikonin was lighter than that of the control group. Furthermore, tumour tissue from mice treated with deoxyshikonin acquired large regions of constant necrosis than the ones that received the control treatment by H&E staining. Nevertheless, tissues necrosis interspersed with practical cancer cells had been discovered in the neglected control tumours (Amount 7(B)). American blotting evaluation from representative tumour tissue showed that deoxyshikonin reduced PI3K, outcomes (Amount 7(C)) (*via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. BALB/c nude RLPK mice had been injected with DLD-1 cells in to the subcutaneous tissues of the proper auxiliary area. Xenograft model was set up when tumours reached the average size of 62.5?mm3, as well as the.
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
PHP TUTORIALPHP TutorialPHP InstallationPHP Hello WorldPHP Basic SyntaxPHP CommentsPHP VariablesPHP Variable ScopePHP ConstantsPHP StringsPHP OutputPHP Data TypesPHP Type CastingPHP OperatorsPHP ConditionalsPHP Shorthand ConditionalsPHP LoopsPHP Loop Control StructuresPHP FunctionsPHP String FunctionsPHP ArraysPHP Superglobal VariablesPHP in HTMLPHP AdvancedPHP Include and RequirePHP RegexRegex IntroductionRegex PCRE SyntaxPHP PREG FunctionsPHP FormsPHP Forms IntroductionPHP Forms CreatingPHP Forms SecurityPHP Forms ValidationPHP Forms Required InputsPHP Forms StickyPHP Forms Advanced ValidationPHP Forms FinishingPHP OOPPHP OOP IntroductionPHP OOP ClassesPHP OOP PropertiesPHP OOP ObjectsPHP OOP MethodsPHP OOP $this KeywordPHP OOP Constructors and DestructorsPHP OOP VisibilityPHP OOP InheritancePHP OOP Abstract Classes and MethodsPHP OOP InterfacesPHP OOP TraitsPHP OOP ConstantsPHP OOP StaticPHP OOP NamespacesPHP OOP Autoloading
PHP OOP Visibility
The Definition of Visibility in OOP
Visibility of a class member (property, method or constant) is where it can be accessed. (Eg: inside the class, outside the class)
Properties, methods, and constants can be declared with visibility.
Types of Visibility
1. Public - Can be accessed from everywhere
2. Private - Can only be accessed within the class
3. Protected - Can be accessed by the class declared it and by the classes that inherit the above declared class.
PHP OOP Visibility (Source: stackoverflow.com)
PHP OOP Visibility (Source: stackoverflow.com)
Public vs Private
Consider the following example.
class Example {
public $name;
private $age;
}
$example = new Example;
Here we have two properties $name and $age. We have added public and private keywords to each property respectively.
What does this do? Adding public or private will change the visibility of the property.
A public property can be accessed everywhere. (Within the class and from the outside)
$example -> name; // this is valid
A private property can only be accessed by the class that defines the property.
$example -> age; // this is invalid - will thow an error
Public Visibility
A public property or method can be declared adding the public keyword in front of its declaration. (If you followed the previous chapters, you will remember that we used this.)
class Example {
public $property = 'property'; // a public property
public function myMethod() { // a public method
echo 'Hello';
}
}
A method declared without a visibility keyword will be public.
class Example {
function myMethod() {
// a public method
}
}
Properties cannot be declared without a visibility keyword.
PHP Public Visibility
<?php
class User {
public $name = 'Hyvor';
public function changeName($name) {
$this -> name = $name;
}
}
$user = new User();
// Accesing public property from outside
echo $user -> name;
echo '<br>'; // a line break
// Accessing public method from outside
$user -> changeName('Hyvor Developer');
echo $user -> name;
Run Example ››
Private Visibility
A private property or method can be declared adding the private keyword in front of its declaration.
class Example {
private $property = 'property'; // a private property
private function privateMethod() { // a private method
echo $this -> property; // this is valid
}
}
A private class member can only be accessed from the methods in the class.
Assume that you have a private property $name in the User class. Any method inside the class has access to this property. But, you cannot access it from outside the class. See this example:
class User {
private $name = 'Hyvor'; // a private property
public function echoName() { // a private method
echo $this -> name; // this is valid
}
}
$user = new User();
$user -> echoName(); // valid
echo $user -> name; // this will show an error
Protected Visibility
A protected property or method can be declared adding the protected keyword in front of its declaration.
class Example {
protected $property = 'This is a protected property';
protected function myMethod() {
// I'm protected!
}
}
Protected properties and methods can be accessed by,
• The class which declared the variable
• The classes which *inherits the above declared class
* Note: You will learn more about inheriting in the next chapters. Just remember that inheriting is another interesting concept in object-oriented programming.
In these examples, we learned how to declare properties and methods with visibility. As in the first paragraph in this tutorial, class constants also have visibility. We will learn more about that in the class constants chapter.
Why Visibility is Important?
There are two reasons.
1. To validate and restrict data
2. To keep private things private
1. To validate and restrict data
In the real world, the quality of information is essential. In programming, the same thing exists.
We should validate the data in both setting and getting. Let's see an example.
PHP Usage of Visibility
<?php
class House {
// color of the house
private $color;
// only these colors are allowed
private $allowedColors = [
'black', 'blue', 'red', 'green'
];
public function setColor($color) {
// Black to black (lowercase)
$color = strtolower($color);
if ( in_array( $color, $this -> allowedColors ) ) {
// if $color is in the $allowedColors array
// we can set the color property
$this -> color = $color;
}
}
public function getColor() {
if ($this -> color) {
// if color is set
return $this -> color;
} else {
// show an error message
return 'No color is set. May be you have set a color which is not allowed';
}
}
}
// Example 1
$house1 = new House();
$house1 -> setColor('black');
echo $house1 -> getColor();
echo '<br>'; // a HTML line break to make it readable
$house2 = new House();
$house2 -> setColor('yellow'); // a not allowed color
echo $house2 -> getColor();
Run Example ››
In this example, we have validated the data when both setting and getting. Here is the reason:
Directly setting a property should be avoided. To set a property a public method should be used. Here we have declared the setColor($color) method for it. In this way, we can also validate the color before setting it.
Directly getting an object property is considered a bad practice. To prevent it, we have made the color property private. The correct (and recommended) way to get the color property is by calling a public method. (getColor())
Tip: When creating setter and getter functions to get a property, using the model "get + property name" and "set + property name" is effective. It will make it easier to understand by you later when you are reading your code again.
Ex: setColor() and getColor() methods in the above example.
2. To keep private things private
Consider the above House class. Think that you have a method to paint the house. This method should be public to access from outside.
Also, this method can use methods like "take the brush", "mix the paint", "start painting" to make the process easier. These methods can be declared inside the same class. But, do we need "take the brush" method to be accessed from the outside? No, we don't. So, we keep it private.
class House {
public function paint($color) {
// calling private methods
$this -> takeBrush();
$this -> mixPaint($color);
$this -> startPainting();
}
private function takeBrush {...}
private function mixPaint($color) {...}
private function startPainting() {...}
}
Conclusion
In this chapter, we learned about the visibility keywords (public, private, protected) and how to use them with properties and methods. Also, we learned why visibility is useful.
While going through this lesson you put two things into your TODO list: Inheritance and Class Constants. Next chapters will explain to you more about those concepts.
Facebook Twitter
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Title
Using meta-omics of contaminated sediments to monitor changes in pathways relevant to climate regulation
Document Type
Article
Publication details
Birrer, SC, Dafforn, KA, Sun, MY, Williams, RBH, Potts, J, Scanes, P, Kelaher, BP, Simpson, SL, Kjelleberg, S, Swarup, S, Steinberg, P & Johnston, EL in press, 'Using meta-omics of contaminated sediments to monitor changes in pathways relevant to climate regulation', Environmental Microbiology.
Published article available from:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14470
Peer Reviewed
Peer-Reviewed
Abstract
Microbially mediated biogeochemical processes are crucial for climate regulation and may be disrupted by anthropogenic contaminants. To better manage contaminants we need tools that make real-time causal links between stressors and altered microbial functions, and the potential consequences for ecosystem services such as climate regulation. In a manipulative field experiment, we used metatranscriptomics to investigate the impact of excess organic enrichment and metal contamination on the gene expression of nitrogen and sulfur metabolisms in coastal sediments. Our gene expression data suggest that excess organic enrichment results in higher transcript levels of genes involved in the production of 1) toxic ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, and 2) a greenhouse gas (nitrous oxide). However, metal contamination did not have any significant impacts on gene expression. We reveal the genetic mechanisms that may lead to altered productivity and greenhouse gas production in coastal sediments due to anthropogenic contaminants. Our data highlight the applicability of metatranscriptomics as a management tool that provides an immense breadth of information and can identify potentially impacted process measurements that need further investigation.
Find in your library
Share
COinS
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
How to Install Kubernetes on Ubuntu 22.04 / Ubuntu 20.04
Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration tool that helps deploy, scale, and manage containerized applications. Google initially designed Kubernetes and is now maintained by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation.
Kubernetes works with Docker, Containerd, and CRI-O currently.
You can call Kubernetes is a cluster manager for Docker, and it provides almost the same functionalities as that of Docker Swarm.
We can run Kubernetes locally using the below methods,
1. MinKube – A single-node Kubernetes cluster for development and testing.
2. Kubeadm – A multi-node Kubernetes cluster
Here, we will see how to deploy a multi-node Kubernetes cluster using the kubeadm tool.
Components
Master Node
Kube API server: Runs on the master node that exposes Kubernetes API for querying cluster information.
Etcd: A key store that stores Kubernetes cluster data
Kube Scheduler: Runs on the master node, which looks for newly created pods and identifies the right nodes depending on resource availability.
Kube Controller Manager: Runs on the master node and is responsible for monitoring (nodes, pods replications, and deployments) and taking action to keep the application running.
Worker Nodes
Kubelet: Runs on all worker nodes and handles tasks like starting, managing, and destroying pods.
Kube Proxy: A network proxy that forwards TCP/UDP incoming requests to the backend pod.
Container Runtime: Runs pods on worker nodes (Docker, CRI-O, and containerd)
Environment
Node Hostname IP Address OS CPU RAM
Master Node master.itzgeek.local 192.168.0.10 Ubuntu 22.04 / Ubuntu 20.04 2 2GB
Worker Node worker.itzgeek.local 192.168.0.20 Ubuntu 22.04 / Ubuntu 20.04 2 2GB
System Requirements
• 2 GB or more of RAM per node
• 2 CPU or more
• Unique hostname, MAC address, product_uuid for every node
• Disable Swap
Prerequisites
Set Hostname
Set a unique hostname for all your nodes. Example:
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname master.itzgeek.local
DNS Entry
Ensure the master and worker nodes can resolve the hostname for all nodes in the cluster.
sudo nano /etc/hosts
Entry:
192.168.0.10 master.itzgeek.local master
192.168.0.20 worker.itzgeek.local worker
Product UUID
Ensure hosts have unique product_uuid by running the below command. If two nodes have the same product_uuid, the Kubernetes cluster installation will fail.
sudo cat /sys/class/dmi/id/product_uuid
Firewall
You may need to allow the below ports on the iptables for Kubernetes to work correctly.
On Master Node
sudo ufw allow 6443/tcp
ufw allow 2379/tcp
sudo ufw allow 2380/tcp
sudo ufw allow 10250/tcp
sudo ufw allow 10257/tcp
sudo ufw allow 10259/tcp
sudo ufw reload
On Worker Nodes
sudo ufw allow 10250/tcp
sudo ufw allow 30000:32767/tcp
sudo ufw reload
Load Modules for Bridged Traffic
Load the br_netfilter module to enable traffic communication between Kubernetes pods across the cluster nodes.
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF
Add below entries to let iptables see the bridged traffic.
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
Run the below command to apply the setting without rebooting the system.
sudo sysctl --system
Disable Swap
Ensure you disable swap by deleting the swap partition or removing the swap partition entry from the /etc/fstab file.
Install Container Runtime
You will need to install container runtime into each node in the cluster to run and manage pods. Kubernetes works with several container runtimes,
Here, I am using the CRI-O runtime for running pods. If you plan to use any other runtime, follow the links above and move to set up the cluster.
CRI-O has built-in CNI (can be used with Kubernetes), and you can remove it for installing the Pod Network Add-on.
sudo rm -rf /etc/cni/net.d/*
Setup Kubernetes Cluster
Configure Kubernetes Repository
First, set up the Kubernetes on all your nodes.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
sudo curl -fsSLo /usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
Install kubeadm, kubelet and kubectl
Then, install the below packages on all of your nodes.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
Initialize Kubernetes Cluster
On the Master node, execute the kubeadm init command in the terminal to initialize the cluster.
Depending on the network add-on you use, you may need to set --pod-network-cidr. Here, I will use the flannel pod network.
sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
Output:
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.23.6
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
. . .
. . .
. . .
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.0.10:6443 --token nzy73q.3s2ig8r2ue09wrjy \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0866420e1833c5a0710c92712d56468b4576b8bd8f00c381232dd993d89a0246
Then, run the below commands in the terminal to start using the Kubernetes cluster.
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Run the below command to check the status of the cluster.
kubectl get pods -A
Output:
Kubernetes Cluster Status
You can see that the coredns pod is pending, and the status should change once you install the pod network.
Deploy Pod Network Add-on
We need to set up a pod network add-on on the cluster so that pods can communicate with each other. Several projects provide Kubernetes pod networks, namely, Calico, Weave, Flannel, etc.
Here, I will use the Flannel pod network.
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/flannel-io/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
Output:
podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds created
Check the cluster status once again. The coredns pod should now be running state.
kubectl get pods -A
Output:
Kubernetes Cluster Status After Network Pod Add-on
Join Worker Nodes to Kubernetes cluster
First, ensure the worker nodes meet the system requirements.
Then, complete prerequisites and install container runtimes and Kubernetes packages.
Finally, get the joining token from the master node (output of the kubeadm init command) and run the kubeadm join command on all your nodes to join the cluster.
If you do not have the token in the current terminal session, use the sudo kubeadm token list command to retrieve the token and CA certificate hash with theopenssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //' command on the master node. The token is valid for 24 hours. You can generate a new token with the sudo kubeadm token create --print-join-command command.
sudo kubeadm join 192.168.0.10:6443 --token nzy73q.3s2ig8r2ue09wrjy --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0866420e1833c5a0710c92712d56468b4576b8bd8f00c381232dd993d89a0246
Output:
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -o yaml'
W0430 03:59:02.069246 2862 utils.go:69] The recommended value for "resolvConf" in "KubeletConfiguration" is: /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf; the provided value is: /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster
The above output confirms that the node has been successfully added to the cluster.
Now, check the worker node’s status on the master node using the following command.
kubectl get nodes
Output:
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master.itzgeek.local Ready control-plane,master 16m v1.23.6
worker.itzgeek.local Ready 55s v1.23.6
You should see worker nodes are in a ready state.
You can get additional information about nodes with the below command.
kubectl get nodes -o wide
Output:
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP OS-IMAGE KERNEL-VERSION CONTAINER-RUNTIME
master.itzgeek.local Ready control-plane,master 17m v1.23.6 192.168.0.10 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-27-generic cri-o://1.23.2
worker.itzgeek.local Ready 2m26s v1.23.6 192.168.0.20 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-27-generic cri-o://1.23.2
Conclusion
That’s All. I hope you have successfully set up a multi-node Kubernetes cluster on Ubuntu 22.04 / Ubuntu 20.04.
criodebian 11dockerkubernetesubuntu 20.04ubuntu 22.04
Comments (0)
Add Comment
|
ESSENTIALAI-STEM
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.