Split (1)

train · ~24M rows (showing the first 1.04M)

Document stringlengths 87 1.67M	Source stringclasses 5 values
Minoxidil Minoxidil is a medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure and pattern hair loss. It is an antihypertensive and a vasodilator. It is available as a generic medication by prescription in oral tablet form and over the counter as a topical liquid or foam. Medical uses Minoxidil, when used for hypertension, is generally reserved for use in severe hypertension patients who do not respond to at least two agents and a diuretic. Minoxidil is also generally administered with a loop diuretic to prevent sodium and potassium retention. It may also cause a reflex tachycardia and thus is prescribed with a beta blocker. Hair loss Minoxidil, applied topically, is used for the treatment of hair loss. It is effective in helping promote hair growth in people with androgenic alopecia regardless of sex. Minoxidil must be used indefinitely for continued support of existing hair follicles and the maintenance of any experienced hair regrowth. Low-dose oral minoxidil (LDOM) is used off-label against hair loss and to promote hair regrowth. Oral minoxidil has been found to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment alternative for patients having difficulty with topical formulations. Side effects Topically applied minoxidil is generally well tolerated, but common side effects include itching of the eyes, general itching, irritation at the treated area, and unwanted hair growth elsewhere on the body. Alcohol and propylene glycol present in some topical preparations may dry the scalp, resulting in dandruff and contact dermatitis. Side effects of oral minoxidil may include swelling of the face and extremities, rapid heartbeat, or lightheadedness. Cardiac lesions, such as focal necrosis of the papillary muscle and subendocardial areas of the left ventricle, have been observed in laboratory animals treated with minoxidil. Pseudoacromegaly is an extremely rare side effect reported with large doses of oral minoxidil. In 2013 or 2014, a seven-year-old girl was admitted to a children's hospital in Toulouse in France after accidentally ingesting a teaspoon of Alopexy (a brand name for minoxidil in France). The child vomited constantly after ingestion and showed hypotension and tachycardia for 40 hours. The authors of the report on the incident stressed that the product should be kept out of reach of children, and urged manufacturers to consider more secure child-resistant packaging. Mechanism of action The mechanism by which minoxidil promotes hair growth is not fully understood. Minoxidil is an adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener, causing hyperpolarization of cell membranes. Theoretically, by widening blood vessels and opening potassium channels, it allows more oxygen, blood, and nutrients to the follicles. Moreover, minoxidil contains a nitric oxide moiety and may act as a nitric oxide agonist. This may cause follicles in the telogen phase to shed, which are then replaced by thicker hairs in a new anagen phase. Minoxidil is a prodrug that is converted by sulfation via the sulfotransferase enzyme SULT1A1 to its active form, minoxidil sulfate. The effect of minoxidil is mediated by adenosine, which triggers intracellular signal transduction via both adenosine A1 receptors and two sub-types of adenosine A2 receptors (A2A and A2B receptors). Minoxidil acts as an activator of the Kir6/SUR2 channel upon selective binding to SUR2. The expression of SUR2B in dermal papilla cells might play a role in the production of adenosine. Minoxidil induces cell growth factors such as VEGF, HGF, IGF-1 and potentiates HGF and IGF-1 actions by the activation of uncoupled sulfonylurea receptor on the plasma membrane of dermal papilla cells. A number of in vitro effects of minoxidil have been described in monocultures of various skin and hair follicle cell types including stimulation of cell proliferation, inhibition of collagen synthesis, and stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor, prostaglandin synthesis and leukotriene B4 expression. Minoxidil causes a redistribution of cellular iron through its apparent capacity to bind this metal ion. By binding iron in a Fenton-reactive form, intracellular hydroxyl radical production would ensue, but hydroxyl would be immediately trapped and scavenged by the minoxidil to generate a nitroxyl radical. It is presumed that this nitroxyl radical will be capable of reduction by glutathione to reform minoxidil. Such a process would cycle until the minoxidil is otherwise metabolized and would result in rapid glutathione depletion with glutathione disulphide formation and therefore with concomitant consumption of NADPH/ NADH and other reducing equivalents. Minoxidil inhibited PHD by interfering with the normal function of ascorbate, a cofactor of the enzyme, leading to a stabilization of HIF-1α protein and a subsequent activation of HIF-1. In an in vivo angiogenesis assay, millimolar minoxidil increased blood vessel formation in a VEGF-dependent manner. Minoxidil inhibition of PHD occurs via interrupting ascorbate binding to iron. The structural feature of positioning amines adjacent to nitric oxide may confer the ability of millimolar minoxidil to chelate iron, thereby inhibiting PHD. Minoxidil is capable of tetrahydrobiopterin inhibition as a cofactor for nitric oxide synthase. Minoxidil stimulates prostaglandin E2 production by activating COX-1 and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 but inhibits prostacyclin production. Additionally, expression of the prostaglandin E2 receptor, the most upregulated target gene in the β-catenin pathway of DP cells, was enhanced by minoxidil, which may enable hair follicles to grow continuously and maintain the anagen phase. Due to anti-fibrotic activity of minoxidil inhibition of enzyme lysyl hydroxylase present in fibroblast may result in synthesis of a hydroxylysine-deficient collagen. Minoxidil can also potentially stimulate elastogenesis in aortic smooth muscle cells, and in skin fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. In hypertensive rats, minoxidil increases elastin level in the mesenteric, abdominal, and renal arteries by a decrease in "elastase" enzyme activity in these tissues. In rats, potassium channel openers decrease calcium influx which inhibits elastin gene transcription through extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2)-activator protein 1 signaling pathway. ERK 1/2 increases, through elastin gene transcription, adequately cross-linked elastic fiber content synthesized by smooth muscle cells, and decreases the number of cells in the aorta. Minoxidil possesses alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist activity, stimulates the peripheral sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by way of carotid and aortic baroreceptor reflexes. Minoxidil administration also brings an increase in plasma renin activity, largely due to the aforementioned activation of the SNS. This activation of the renin-angiotensin axis further prompts increased biosynthesis of aldosterone; whereas plasma and urinary aldosterone levels are increased early in the course of treatment with minoxidil, over time these values tend to normalize presumably because of accelerated metabolic clearance of aldosterone in association with hepatic vasodilation. Minoxidil may be involved in the inhibition of serotonergic (5-HT2) receptors. Minoxidil might increase blood-tumor barrier permeability in a time-dependent manner by down-regulating tight junction protein expression and this effect could be related to ROS/RhoA/PI3K/PKB signal pathway. Minoxidil significantly increases ROS concentration when compared to untreated cells. In vitro Minoxidil treatment resulted in a 0.22 fold change for 5α-R2 (p < 0.0001). This antiandrogenic effect of minoxidil, shown by significant downregulation of 5α-R2 gene expression in HaCaT cells, may be one of its mechanisms of action in alopecia. Minoxidil is less effective when the area of hair loss is large. In addition, its effectiveness has largely been demonstrated in younger men who have experienced hair loss for less than 5 years. Minoxidil use is indicated for central (vertex) hair loss only. Two clinical studies are being conducted in the US for a medical device that may allow patients to determine if they are likely to benefit from minoxidil therapy. Conditions such as Cantú syndrome have been shown to mimic the pharmacological properties of minoxidil. Chemistry Minoxidil is an odorless, white to off-white, crystalline powder (crystals from methanol-acetonitrile). When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides. It decomposes at 259-261 °C. Solubility (mg/ml): propylene glycol 75, methanol 44, ethanol 29, 2-propanol 6.7, dimethylsulfoxide 6.5, water 2.2, chloroform 0.5, acetone <0.5, ethyl acetate <0.5, diethyl ether <0.5, benzene <0.5, acetonitrile <0.5. Acid strength 4.61 Commercially available minoxidil topical solution should be stored at a temperature of 20-25 °C. Extemporaneous formulations of minoxidil have been reported to have variable stability, depending on the vehicle and method of preparation, and the FDA requests that physicians and pharmacists refrain from preparing extemporaneous topical formulations using commercially available minoxidil tablets. Minoxidil tablets should be stored in well-closed containers at 15-30 °C. Minoxidil, 6-amino-1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-imino-4-piperidinopyrimidine, is synthesized from barbituric acid, the reaction of which with phosphorus oxychloride gives 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine. Upon reaction with ammonium, this turns into 2,4-diamino-6-chloropyrimidine. Next, the resulting 2,4-diamino-6-chloropyrimidine undergoes reaction with 2,4-dichlorophenol in the presence of potassium hydroxide, giving 2,4-diamino-6-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-pyrimidine. Oxidation of this product with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid gives 2,4-diamino-6-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)pyrimidine-3-oxide, the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyl group of which is replaced with a piperidine group at high temperature, giving minoxidil. Another synthesis approach is depicted here: Compounds related to minoxidil include kopexil (diaminopyrimidine oxide). Initial application Minoxidil was developed in the late 1950s by the Upjohn Company (later became part of Pfizer) to treat ulcers. In trials using dogs, the compound did not cure ulcers, but proved to be a powerful vasodilator. Upjohn synthesized over 200 variations of the compound, including the one it developed in 1963 and named minoxidil. These studies resulted in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approving minoxidil (with the brand name 'Loniten') in the form of oral tablets to treat high blood pressure in 1979. Hair growth When Upjohn received permission from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to test the new drug as medicine for hypertension they approached Charles A. Chidsey, at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. He conducted two studies, the second study showing unexpected hair growth. Puzzled by this side-effect, Chidsey consulted Guinter Kahn (who while a dermatology resident at the University of Miami had been the first to observe and report hair development on patients using the minoxidil patch) and discussed the possibility of using minoxidil for treating hair loss. Kahn, along with his colleague Paul J. Grant, had obtained a certain amount of the drug and conducted their own research, since they were first to make the side effect observation. Neither Upjohn or Chidsey at the time were aware of the side effect of hair growth. The two doctors had been experimenting with a 1% solution of minoxidil mixed with several alcohol-based liquids. Both parties filed patents to use the drug for hair loss prevention, which resulted in a decade-long trial between Kahn and Upjohn, which ended with Kahn's name included in a consolidated patent (U.S. #4,596,812 Charles A Chidsey, III and Guinter Kahn) in 1986 and royalties from the company to both Kahn and Grant. Meanwhile, the effect of minoxidil on hair loss prevention was so clear that in the 1980s physicians were prescribing Loniten off-label to their balding patients. In August 1988, the FDA approved the drug for treating baldness in men under the brand name "Rogaine" (FDA rejected Upjohn's first choice, Regain, as misleading ). The agency concluded that although "the product will not work for everyone", 39% of the men studied had "moderate to dense hair growth on the crown of the head". "Men's Rogaine", marketed by Johnson & Johnson went off-patent on 20 January 2006. In 1991, Upjohn made the product available for women. "Women's Rogaine", marketed by Johnson & Johnson, went off-patent on 14 February 2014. Economics In February 1996, the FDA approved both the over-the-counter sale of the medication and the production of generic formulations of minoxidil. Upjohn replied to that by lowering prices to half the price of the prescription drug and by releasing a prescription 5% formula of Rogaine in 1997. In 1998, a 5% formulation of minoxidil was approved for nonprescription sale by the FDA. The 5% aerosol foam formula was approved for medical use in the US in 2006. The generic versions of the 5% aerosol foam formula were approved in 2017. In 2017, JAMA published a study of pharmacy prices in four states for 41 over-the-counter minoxidil products which were "gender-specified". The authors found that the mean price for minoxidil solutions was the same for women and men even though the women's formulations were 2% and the men's were 5%, while the mean price for minoxidil foams, which were all 5%, was 40% higher for women. The authors noted this was the first time gender-based pricing had been shown for a medication. Brand names , Minoxidil was marketed under many trade names worldwide: Alomax, Alopek, Alopexy, Alorexyl, Alostil, Aloxid, Aloxidil, Anagen, Apo-Gain, Axelan, Belohair, Boots Hair Loss Treatment, Botafex, Capillus, Carexidil, Coverit, Da Fei Xin, Dilaine, Dinaxcinco, Dinaxil, Ebersedin, Eminox, Folcare, Follixil, Guayaten, Hair Grow, Hair-Treat, Hairgain, Hairgaine, Hairgrow, Hairway, Headway, Inoxi, Ivix, Keranique, Lacovin, Locemix, Loniten, Lonnoten, Lonolox, Lonoten, Loxon, M E Medic, Maev-Medic, Mandi, Manoxidil, Mantai, Men's Rogaine, Minodil, Minodril, Minostyl, Minovital, Minox, Minoxi, Minoxidil, Minoxidilum, Minoximen, Minoxiten, Minscalp, Mintop, Modil, Morr, Moxidil, Neo-Pruristam, Neocapil, Neoxidil, Nherea, Nioxin, Noxidil, Oxofenil, Pilfud, Pilogro, Pilomin, Piloxidil,Re-Stim, Re-Stim+, Recrea, Regain, Regaine, Regaxidil, Regro, Regroe, Regrou, Regrowth, Relive, Renobell Locion, Reten, Rexidil, Rogaine, Rogan, Si Bi Shen, Splendora, Superminox, Trefostil, Tricolocion, Tricoplus, Tricovivax, Tricoxane, Trugain, Tugain, Unipexil, Vaxdil, Vius, Women's Regaine, Xenogrow, Xtreme Boost, Xtreme Boost+, Xue Rui, Ylox, and Zeldilon. It was also marketed as combination drug with amifampridine under the brand names Gainehair and Hair 4 U, and as a combination with tretinoin and clobetasol under the brand name Sistema GB. Research Minoxidil is being investigated as a potential treatment for treating ovarian cancer. Toxicity to animals Minoxidil is highly toxic to dogs and cats, even in doses as small as a drop or lick. There are reported cases of cats dying shortly after coming in contact with minimal amounts of the substance. There is no specific antidote, but lipid rescue has been used successfully.	WIKI
Talk:List of The L Word characters Names and alphabetisation... Great start! Now, it is a problem for the alphabetisation that we won't know the last name of some of the characters. Or would it be possible to find out somehow? I would be willing to bet most characters mentioned in the series have a last name, but how to get that information? The way I see it our other option would be to alphabetise by first name only... --SLB 04:56, 16 June 2006 (UTC) * I think our only option is to list characters by their lastname when possible, and by their first name when no other information is provided. TLW 19:38, 16 June 2006 (UTC) I Think this is really confusing can't they all just be listed by first name?? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:43, 2 April 2008 (UTC) Yeah, this is awful. The bullet points especially. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:05, 18 March 2013 (UTC) Identity Discrepancy... We find in the last episode of season 4 that Papi's real name is Eva Torres; this appears at first glance to be a reference to the girl Carmen had sex with on her prom night, but that's currently listed as Lucia Flores. I'm researching Season 3 DVD for clarification; many of us may have heard it wrong on second reading, but quite a few L word fan blogs are drawing conclusions on their own that Papi was the one who took Carmen's virginity, which wouldn't actually be that much of a surprise, given Papi's general character. EJP--<IP_ADDRESS> 09:14, 3 April 2007 (UTC) * You seem to be mixed up a bit. Eva Flores and Lucia Flores, are not the same character. Eva was mentioned in Season 3, before the "80's prom Fundraiser" for max (and Carmen specifies she taught her how to 69). "Lucia Flores", was Carmen's first, as mentioned to Mark for his documentary during Season 2. -- TLW 22:32, 11 June 2007 (UTC). Marina Ferrer How can she be listed as homosexual when it turns out she is married to Manfredi Ferrer? --<IP_ADDRESS> 00:10, 5 June 2007 (UTC) Answer: Because being a homosexual doesn't mean you cannot marry a straight man. Given that Marina is a daughter of a contessa, maybe she was forced into a pre-arranged marriage. She got involved with Francesca, Jenny and Robin anyway and that proves that she is a homosexual. Dan-gee-rous (talk) 11:54, 18 May 2010 (UTC) Cindi Tucker merge Tucker doesn't seem to meet Notability or Notability of fictional characters. -- SatyrTN (talk / contribs) 22:11, 2 April 2008 (UTC) I agree. I'll merge them in the following days. -- Magioladitis (talk) 18:46, 24 October 2008 (UTC) * Since I am a little busy. Can someone else do it? -- Magioladitis (talk) 12:46, 2 December 2008 (UTC) Information Update! There are a lot of new characters for season 5 that aren't there. For example: Niki Stevens Adele Channing etc. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:09, 12 June 2008 (UTC) Merge with individual character articles The vast majority, if not all, of the characters in this television series are not sufficiently independently notable to justify their own articles. As such, the following articles should be merged into this list: Dana Fairbanks, Tina Kennard, Carmen de la Pica Morales, Jodi Lerner, Shane McCutcheon, Helena Peabody, Bette Porter, Kit Porter, Jenny Schecter, Moira/Max Sweeney, Tasha Williams, Papi (The L Word character), Marina Ferrer, Adele Channing, Dawn Denbo, Gabby Deveaux, Tim Haspel, Phyllis Kroll, Molly Kroll and Dylan Moreland. Neelix (talk) 23:15, 14 April 2010 (UTC) Considering that The L Word was the first television series where all of the central characters were either lesbian or bisexual does make the characters very notable, particularly within the LGBT community. With respect to the characters independent presence, there is a reality show that will premiere in June 2010 on Showtime in which audiences are already trying to identify which individuals from the cast of this reality show will be the "Shane McCutcheon," the "Bette Porter" and so on... Joy299 (talk) 00:56, 21 April 2010 (UTC) * What you are demonstrating is that "List of The L Word characters" is a notable concept and therefore worthy of an article on Wikipedia. Individual characters must be substantially covered in multiple reliable secondary sources in order for individual articles about them to be justified. Neelix (talk) 19:09, 30 May 2010 (UTC) * Jenny Schecter is on of the most notable TV characters of the last ten years, mentioned and reviewed in over 40 book publications in the past 5 years, constant interview in niche mags, reviewed on the big news publications, lots of info on the net. I think I'll recreate the page and make it different than it looked before. Cite some of the sources. RAIN the ONE (Talk) 04:29, 18 July 2010 (UTC) * Neelix may be right about merging most of the characters into the article. In fact, this whole list is probably useless and should be merged into The L Word article itself. However, there are a few characters that are notable outside the show. Besides Jenny Schecter and Alice Pieszecki, only Shane McCutcheon, Tina Kennard, and Bette Porter are worth keeping. Shane has a cult following outside the series, Tina Kennard is the only role that won an award for the show, and Beals' character (who was the highest profile member of the ensemble), helped coin the term "glamazon" into mainstream use:. The other characters, however, do not stand on their own and thus should not be considered.--TLW (talk) Jenny's sexuality So I'm a bit puzzled as to what label we should apply to Jenny. She's clearly oriented towards women, but her relationship with Tim in season one and Gene (Aquarium Guy) in season two prompted me to switch it to bisexual; but then the relationship with Max makes me lean towards perhaps pansexual (attraction without any tie to gender). Right now, I'm content to leave it at "bisexual," but Jenny is challenging the assumptions I'm making about sexual classification. Dralwik\|Have a Chat 04:20, 7 February 2013 (UTC) = Needs updating?= in GQ the mystery of Jenny Schecter's death was revealed and I feel this needs to be added QueenAlexandria (talk) 17:15, 06 June 2020 (UTC)	WIKI
Madoff Trustee $267 Million Suit Taken Over by Judge at ABN Amro’s Request ABN Amro Bank NV, the bank run by a Dutch government agency, persuaded a U.S. district judge to take over a $267 million lawsuit brought by the liquidator of Bernard Madoff ’s firm. The trustee, Irving Picard , sued ABN Amro’s Irish affiliates in bankruptcy court, demanding the return of funds they allegedly got from swap transactions with Rye Select Broad Market XL Portfolio Ltd. Picard, who wants $400 million from Rye, said it made leveraged investments with Madoff. U.S. District Judge Jed Rakoff said the case resembled others he’s now considering, according to a court filing today. More than 60 related lawsuits await Rakoff’s attention, court documents show. Those and others may be affected by his rulings on whether Picard can recoup funds protected by so- called safe-harbor law that governs securities transactions, or take back money paid by the Madoff brokerage to its customers. A recent U.S. Supreme Court ruling in the Anna Nicole Smith case “precludes a bankruptcy court from exercising jurisdiction over the causes of action here,” Amsterdam-based ABN Amro said in a Sept. 30 filing as it asked Rakoff to take its case. ABN Amro said it plans to rely on the safe harbor in defending itself against Picard’s suits. The bank also said it will argue that money it took out of the Madoff firm was payment for a debt owed by the Madoff brokerage, and that Picard erred in expecting the bank to have detected the fraud. Cayman Islands Picard also may have gone too far by applying U.S. law to ABN Amro and Cayman Islands-based Rye, the Dutch bank said. Rakoff cut Picard’s $1 billion suit against the owners of the New York Mets baseball team by two thirds last month, saying the trustee could try to reclaim only two years of withdrawals from Madoff’s Ponzi scheme. Since then, Rye and Safra National Bank of New York have cited the Mets ruling in their requests to Rakoff to rule on their cases. Picard has asked Rakoff to let him the appeal the Mets ruling to the federal circuit court in New York, saying it would cost him about $6.2 billion in so-called clawbacks of two kinds. Picard said in July that he had raised more than $8.6 billion for Madoff investors who lost money, or almost half of the $17.3 billion in principal lost by Madoff customers who filed claims. That includes more than $5 billion tied up in court challenges. The case is Picard v. ABN Amro Bank (Ireland), 11-cv-06877, U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York ( Manhattan ). To contact the reporters on this story: Linda Sandler in New York at lsandler@bloomberg.net . To contact the editor responsible for this story: John Pickering at jpickering@bloomberg.net	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Consul: Roman magistrate, comparable with a prime minister or a president. Under the empire, the office was prestigious but unimportant. The oldest and most important magistracy was the consulship, which can best be described as a dual prime ministership or presidency. The two men were elected by the Comitia centuriata, an assembly of the people in which the richest Romans were in the majority. The consuls served for only one year (to prevent corruption) and could only rule when they agreed, because each consul could veto the other one's decision. The consuls were the chairmen of the Senate, which served as a board of advisers. They also commanded the Roman army (both had two legions) and exercised the highest juridical power in the Roman empire. Therefore, the Greek historian Polybius of Megalopolis likened the consuls to kings. Only laws and the decrees of the Senate or the People's assembly limited their powers; only the veto of a consul or a tribune could supersede their decisions. This meant that the consuls could always interfere with the decisions of praetors, aediles and quaestors. (Tribunes, censors and dictators were immune.) The idea to divide executive leadership was probably derived from Carthage, which was ruled by a similar college of suffetes ("judges"). This seems to be confirmed by the fact that the consuls were originally known as iudices ("judges"). An alternative explanation is that the idea originated in Central-Italy, where colleges of meddices ruled tribes like the Sabines and the Samnite federation. (This subject matter is discussed here.) Originally, the two consuls had to belong to the Patriciate, the Roman aristocracy. In the 360s, however, the office was opened for plebeians (in 366, according to an inaccurate chronology discussed here). The name 'consul' was first used at this time. One had to be at least 43 years old to become consul. (This was laid down in the Lex Villia annalis of 180.) From the third century BCE onward, it was also necessary that the candidate had served in other magistracies (e.g., the praetorship). It was possible to have a second term as consul, but ten years ought to separate these two terms; however, in the late second century Gaius Marius was consul in 107, 104, 103, 102, 101, and 100. Later, men like Julius Caesar and Octavian had similar careers. Under the empire, the consulship was often held for only two months; in this way, twelve senators could occupy the empire's highest office. (In the year 190, there were no less than twenty-five consuls.) Although the election of the consul took place in the building of the Senate (Curia Julia), the candidates were appointed by the emperor; if he emperor wanted to honor a particular senator, he shared the office (e.g., the emperor Trajan and senator Sextus Julius Frontinus in the first two months of 100). At that time, the consulship was only a little more than a purely honorary title and the minimum age had been lowered considerably. However, during a crisis (e.g., after the death of an emperor), a consul still had great responsibilities. A consul had twelve bodyguards (lictores) and was allowed to wear a purple-bordered toga. The two consuls gave their names to the Roman year.	FINEWEB-EDU
CHICAGO, M., ST. P. & P. R. R. CO. v. LINEHAN. No. 9698. Circuit Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit. July 14, 1933. Rehearing Denied Aug. 28, 1933. C. O. Newcomb, of Minneapolis, Minn. (F. W. Root and A. C. Erdall, both of Minneapolis, Minn., on the brief), for appellant. Robert J. McDonald, of Minneapolis, Minn., for appellee. Before KENYON and GARDNER, Circuit Judges, and DEWEY, District Judge. KENYON, Circuit Judge. Parties will be designated as in the trial court, where appellee was plaintiff and appellant defendant- Plaintiff was foreman of defendant’s switching crew in the yards of the company at New Lisbon, Wis. He claims to have suffered injury while engaged in the performance of his duties by reason of the fact that certain freight ear couplers did not couple automatically upon impact, requiring him to go between the cars to assist in making the coupling. His hand was caught in the coupler, resulting in a crushing of his hand and arm, necessitating the amputation of his right arm near the elbow. This suit was based upon alleged negligence of defendant in not furnishing proper couplers under the Safety Appliance Act and also negligence in the operation of the engine and ears. The latter charge was abandoned during the trial of the case. At the close of the evidence defendant moved for an instructed verdict on the grounds, that plaintiff had failed to prove any defect in the couplers, that the evidence disclosed they were entirely operative, were capable of being coupled upon impact and uncoupled without the necessity of any one going between the ears, that plaintiff’s act in going between the ears under the circumstances and conditions was the proximate cause of his injury. • The court overruled the motion and submitted the ease to the jury, which returned a verdict for plaintiff for $13,500, for which judgment was duly entered. It should have sustained the motion if the testimony and inferences justifiably to be drawn therefrom furnished no substantial basis upon which a jury could find a verdict for plaintiff. Chicago, M. & St. P. R. Co. v. Coogan, 271 U. S. 472, 46 S. Ct. 564, 70 L. Ed. 1041. In considering" the motion to instruct a verdict it was the court’s duty to ascribe to the evidence introduced by plaintiff, and the inferences to be drawn therefrom, the most favorable aspect the same would warrant. Waddell v. A. Guthrie & Co. (C. C. A. 10) 45 F.(2d) 977; South Carolina Asparagus G. Ass’n v. Southern R. Co. (C. C. A. 4) 46 F.(2d) 452; Engstrom v. De Witt (C. C. A. 8) 58 F.(2d) 137. Was there such substantial evidence on the question of the condition of the coupler as to justify submitting the case to the jury? Plaintiff testified ,at length. This testimony tends to show the following: Plaintiff had been emploj'ed by the defendant for some thirty years on its Wisconsin Valley division. The first four years he was a brakeman. Then he was promoted to passenger and freight conductor, and did some braking. He had worked subsequent to February 15,1929, in the New Lisbon yards as switch foreman. At the time of the accident his hours of service were from 11 p. m. until 7 a. m. The switch crew, consisting of himself as foreman, the engineer, the fireman, and two switchmen, broke up passenger trains and freight trains in the yards and did the commercial switching therein. The switchmen and plaintiff performed coupling and uncoupling operations in the yard. Plaintiff would secure when he came to work at night a switch list, which was a list made up by the office force, showing the cars that were to be “spotted.” The switching was done in accordance with the list, and plaintiff had general charge thereof as foreman of the crew. An engine was kept in the yards for the switching operations, and at night operations were by lantern signals. At the trial, by plats and otherwise, the general situation of the New Lisbon yards was shown. It is unnecessary to go into particular detail concerning the arrangement of the tracks further than to say there was a track known as the Valley Main track, running east and west, and from this extending east up to the freight house was a house track which would hold about twelve 40-foot cars. The house track was the place of the accident. The passenger depot was east of the switch where the house track joined the Valley Main track. The night of the accident, May 8, 1932, after plaintiff had at 11 p. m. reported for work, he received at the passenger depot the messages and switching list having to do with the work of the crew that night. He then came out of the depot and was on the platform walking west when the yard engine with three cars of coal and a box ear backing up toward the east on the Valley Main track went by him. He went back into the depot to find out about the box ear, it not being on his list, and found it was a merchandise car for New Lisbon, which according to custom was to be placed on the house track about a car and a half west of the east end at a place called the “big space” or at the high platform at the extreme east end of the house-track. When plaintiff came from the depot the second time he walked west, and at about the end of the depot platform the engine with the merchandise ear alone passed him on the Valley Main track proceeding eastward toward the house track switch. One of the switchmen was on the rear board of the engine. Plaintiff gave no order to the switch-man as to where to put the ear. As to this he testified on cross-examination: “As the engine went by me I did not tell the switchmen on the footboard where to put the ear they had ahold of. I figured they knew where that ear would go, on the house track at least. They had worked the night before. I thought they knew from the night before. I had not worked Saturday nights for several months. We do not always set cars going to the-house track at the high platform. I figured they were going to set it on the Valley Main. I saw them do that. I knew they were then going to go in and couple the house track. That is not regular routine work, just like handling those coal cars. The switchmen knew it was a car for the house because Olson was acting foreman the night before. I knew the boys would couple all the cars, pull them out, couple to the merchandise car and push it in and spot it at the high platform, because I was going to see that they did. They had to pull all of the ears off the house track to put that ear on the rear. That was a common thing.” There were four cars on the house track which were not coupled together. The most westerly car on the house track was just clear of the Valley Main track switch. The next ear was east about a car length. The third car was about 15 to 20 feet east of the second ear, and the fourth about 20 feet east of the third. To place the merchandise car in the proper place on the house track east of the fourth car it was necessary to leave it on the Valley Main track, go in on the house track, get the four cars there, pull them out on the Valley Main track, back np and couple to the merchandise ear, then proceed westward until the switch for the house track was cleared, then back the cars east on the house track to where merchandise cars billed for New Lisbon were customarily placed. This involved a number of couplings to be made between the cars on the house track. When plaintiff came from the depot the second time and walked west and the engine with the merchandise car passed him he went from the platform to the north side of the house track between the third and fourth cars standing on that track. * The knuckle on the west end of the fourth car was closed. lie opened this he states by using the pin lifter lever. On cross-examination he leaves the inference that he may have opened the knuckle by hand. He opened this knuckle because he knew in carrying out the general plan the engine would back in with the other ears and get this ear. He states it was eusiomary to have such knuckles open, so that, if there was to be a coupling, the ear was on the track in the proper condition therefor. After opening this knuckle, he walked west on the north side of the house track to the west end of the third car. The engine was then on the west end of the house track coupling onto the first ear. Switchman Olson, who seoins to have acted as foreman when plaintiff was absent and who was known as the field man, was also on the north side of the track, which was the engineer’s side. It was dark, and plaintiff and Olson both had lighted lanterns. Another switchman, Dodd, was along by the side of the first or most westerly car. After the engine had coupled onto this car Olson gave the engineer a back up signal. The engine and the ear then moved backward, or east, and the easterly end of car 1 came in contact with the westerly end of ear 2, but did not couple. Oil direct examination plaintiff testified: “After the east end of Car 1 came in contact with the west end of Car 2 Olson gave the engineer another back up signal. At this time Olson was at the point where Cars 1 and 2 were to be coupled together and was about 60 feet west of me. At this time I was at the west end of Car 3. I watched to see that the coupling made between Cars 2 and 3. Before the two cars came back I did not give Olson any directions or instructions. I called to Olson and told him that we would take all of the cars off the house track and 'spot’ the merchandise car at the high platform. At that time I was about 60 feet away from Olson. I had previously given him instructions when I was the same distance away from him. & * # “I gave Olson the information and instructions about where the merchandise car was to be placed before he gave the back up signals.” This evidence is not entirely clear as to instructions given Olson and when given. On cross-examination plaintiff testified: “After Cars 1 and 2 struck, I saw him give another back up signal which meant to move the whole string farther east. * * * “On Olson’s first signal to back np, they backed up and struck the second car. After they struck the second ear, I saw the second back up signal. When Olson gave the first signal to back np, Car 1 and Car 2 did not couple. They backed np and hit Car 2 with Car 1. Car 2 went east some. Then Olson gave another signal to back up. “I don’t think Car 2 moved east after it was hit the first time. I am not sure whether it did or not. Then I saw Olson give another signal which meant to back up east again. I don’t think one signal brought Cars 2 and 3 together. There were two back up signals. “I saw one back up signal and then heard Cars 1 and 2 come together. I don’t know if the second ear then moved east some. Then Olson gave another back up signal which meant to back east. That moved the second car farther east. It was Olson’s business to give a back up movement to bring Cars 2 and 3 into contact. It was between Cars 2 and 3 that I was hurt. I saw the signal after Cars 1 and 2 came together and then saw another signal which naturally would put Cars 2 and 3 together. It was not all right for Olson to keep on with that switching movement because I gave a stop signal. I contend that Olson knew I was there and that he saw me. Olson did not answer my' stop signal. If Olson did not know I was there it was all right for him to keep backing east but I contend he knew I was there.” We may here inject a reference to Olson’s testimony that when cars 1 and 2 did not couple upon the first impact he repeated the back up signal almost immediately, and the engineer proceeded east until he caught up with ear 2, struck it, and the coupling was made. Just after that Olson testifies he heard plaintiff call, and that he had not known of plaintiff’s whereabouts previous thereto. Plaintiff was at the west end of car 3 when the engine and two cars were coming back. It was between cars 2 and 3 he was hurt. He testifies that before these movements he had examined the coupler on the east end of the third ear, it being one of his duties to ascertain its position and that it was open. When ears 2 and 3 came together the couplers did not couple automatically. The ears came together at a speed of two to three-miles an hour, which plaintiff states was about the speed the cars usually moved in effecting a coupling. He gave the usual and customary stop signal just before the ears struck. When the cars came together and did not couple they parted so that the couplers were about fifteen to eighteen inches apart. The impact moved car 3 fifteen to eighteen inches east. After the ears came to a stop plaintiff put his lantern in between the cars and saw that the knuckle on. the third car was closed. This was the knuckle that he had seen to be open just before the impact. He did not then go in between the ears but put his lantern there. We quote from his testimony: “When I found the knuckle or coupler closed I pulled the pin lifter lever which is on the outside of the edge of the ear with my left hand. This lever can be operated from the side of the ear without going in between the ends of the cars. I operated this pin lifter lever in the usual and customary manner. When I was operating this pin lifter lever my lantern was in between the ends of the cars. With my lantern between the ears I was able to watch, to seé the knuckles, while I was operating the pin lifter lever. When I operated the pin lifter lever the knuckle did not open or move. “Q. 'Well, then, after operating the pin lifter lever, and the knuckle did not open or did not move, what did you do to the knuckle, if anything?’ A. 'I stepped in between the ears and opened the knuckle with my right hand.’ “In opening the knuckle with my right hand, I held the pin lifter up and reached in with my right hand and opened the knuckle. In order to go in there and do that I stepped in between the ends of the ears. The cars were standing still at the time I went in there.” When plaintiff was between the ends of the cars and opening the knuckle the engine and the two ears attached to it moved to the east and impacted the third ear. The knuckle on the east end of the second ear came in contact with the knuckle on the west end of the third ear, and plaintiff’s hand was caught in the couplers just as he pulled the knuckle open on the third car. Plaintiff testified as to the different kinds of automatic couplers, that they were designed so that when ears came together they would couple automatically on impact, that when the couplers are in good working order and condition and either one or both are open and they come together on impact the coupling makes, that when a car is standing not coupled to another car and the pin lifter lever is properly operated, if the coupler is in good working order and condition, it will throw the knuckle open. On cross-examination he testified with relation to his opening the knuckles on the .fourth, car prior to his walking west to- the east end of the third ear that the way to open the same is to lift the pin and pull the knuckle open with your hand, that it sometimes takes a lot of force tcH pull a knuckle open with a lever, but that he “had that force all right,” that he was not in the habit of opening the knuckles with his hand unless they would not open otherwise. Further, he testified that he did not know if the coupler on the east end of the second ear was open or closed, that he figured the cars would couple if one knuckle was open, that he saw the knuckle was fiat shut on the west end of the third ear after the first impact and he saw that the coupler would not open when he tried to operate the lever. Counsel for defendant asked the question: "Well, what is there about the movement that would not permit them to make? — That is the question.” Answer: “The only answer I could give is that they are defective, or they will make.” Plaintiff testified on redirect examination that when he pulled on the pin lifter lever he did not step in between the ends of the cars before be saw that the knuckle did not swing open, and that he did not attempt to open the knuckle by hand until he saw it did not come open itself, and when ears come together upon impact and one of the ears is moved thereby fifteen oiJ twenty inches it shows a movement of sufficient force to close the knuckle and cause the ears to couple together, that the ears need not be moved very far to bring about the coupling. A witness for plaintiff was Jacob K. Thompson, who had been a switchman, switch foreman, and a freight conductor on defendant railroad for some two years and had had sixteen years of experience on other railroads, during which time he coupled and uncoupled ears. He testified that when ears are sought to be coupled by impact, if either knuckle is open or both knuckles arc open and the couplers are in good working order, the cars will couple; that, if the knuckle is not defective or has nothing wrong with it, the couplers will open when the pin lifter lever is operated in the usual and customary manner; and that the couplers are so designed that, when they come in contact with each other, if one or both are open, the cars will couple automatically, if there is sufficient momentum. Defendant introduced testimony of a number of employees as to experiments made shortly after the accident and later with the identical couplers involved therein. They testified that the couplers operated perfectly without men going between the cars to arrange the knuckles, and that there was no difficulty in opening the knuckles on the west end of ear 3 with the pin lifter lever. The principal witness for defendant was one Moran, who was supervisor in the ear department of defendant at New Lisbon. He made an examination of the coupler on the car where plaintiff was hurt about thirty minutes after the accident, and he testifies the coupler worked all right. The next day he removed all parts of the coupler, examined them, found them in good condition, no parts broken or displaced, replaced them, and again operated the knuckle. He testifies he had no. trou'ble operating the same by the pin lifter, that the knuckle opened promptly with one pull, that it weighs some sixty-three pounds and requires considerable force to open it with the lift lever. Defendant’s witness, Hemsey, who experimented with the coupler, testified that he had to make two pulls of the lever to open the knuckle, but that it was perfectly natural to give two palls on a coupler even when it was in good condition. Defendant contends that these experiments demonstrated that the coupler in question was in perfect condition at the time of the accident and would function as intended. Defendant also contends that the proximate cause of plaintiff’s accident was his failure to use the appliance provided and his adoption of the easier and more dangerous method of opening the coupler by hand. It is not disputed that the ears involved wore being used in an interstate movement. The Automatic Coupler Act is as follows : “It shall be unlawful for any common carrier engaged in interstate commerce by railroad to haul or permit to be hauled or used on its line any car used in moving interstate traffic not equipped with couplers coupling* automatically by impact, and which can be uncoupled without the necessity of men going between the ends of the cars.” Chapter 1, § 2, title 45 USCA, Act March 2, 1893, c. 196, § 2, 27 Stat. 531. It imposes upon railroads engaged in interstate commerce ant absolute duty to equip cars used in such commerce with automatic couplers which at all times and under all circumstances, when operated in an ordinary, reasonable, and proper manner, will couple and uncouple without the necessity of men going between the ends of the cars. In Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co. v. United States, 220 U. S. 559, 575, 576, 31 S. Ct. 612, 616, 55 L. Ed. 582, with reference to the holding in the Taylor Case, 210 U. S. 281, 28 S. Ct. 616, 52 L. Ed. 1061, the court says: “It expressly decided that the provision in the 2d section relating to automatic couplers imposed an absolute duty on each corporation in every ease to provide the required couplers on cars used in interstate traffic. It also decided that nonperformance of that duty could not be evaded or excused by proof that the corporation had used ordinary care in the selection of proper couplers or reasonable diligence in using them and ascertaining their condition from time to time.” In Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. et al. v. Layton, 243 U. S. 617, 621, 37 S. Ct. 456, 457, 61 L. Ed. 931, the court said: “Carriers are liable to employees in damages whenever the failure to obey these Safety Appliance Laws is the proximate cause of injury to them when engaged in the discharge of duty.” See, also, St. Louis, Iron Mountain & S. R. Co. v. Taylor, 210 U. S. 281, 28 S. Ct. 616, 52 L. Ed. 1061; Delk v. St. Louis & San Francisco R. Co., 220 U. S. 580, 31 S. Ct. 617, 55 L. Ed. 590; Great Northern R. Co. v. Otos, 239 U. S. 349, 36 S. Ct. 124, 60 L. Ed. 322; Minneapolis & St. Louis R. Co, v. Gotsehall, 244 U. S. 66, 37 S. Ct. 598, 61 L. Ed. 995. O'f course the failure to obey the Safety Appliance Act must be the proximate cause of the injury to one seeking damage based on an alleged violation thereof. To iron out a seeming lack of harmony as to the relation of the doctrine of proximate cause to injuries to employees claiming the protection of the act, as exhibited by St. L. & San Fran. R. Co. v. Conarty, 238 U. S. 243, 35 S. Ct. 785, 59 L. Ed. 1290, and Lang, Administratrix of Lang v. New York Cent. R. Co., 255 U. S. 455, 41 S. Ct. 381, 65 L. Ed. 729, on the one hand, and Louisville & Nashville R. Co. et al. v. Layton, 243 U. S. 617, 37 S. Ct. 456, 61 L. Ed. 931, and Minneapolis & St. Louis R. Co, v. Gotschall, 244 U. S. 66, 37 S. Ct. 598, 61 L. Ed. 995, on the other, the Supreme Court in Davis v. Wolfe, 263 U. S. 239, at page 243, 44 S. Ct. 64, 66, 68 L. Ed. 284, said: “The rule clearly deducible from these four eases is that, on the one hand, an employee cannot recover under the Safety Appliance Act if the failure to comply with its requirements is not a proximate cause of the accident which results in his injury, but merely creates an incidental condition or situation in which the accident, otherwise caused, results in such injury; and, on the other hand, he can recover if the failure to comply with the requirements of the Act is a proximate cause of the accident, resulting in injury to him while in the discharge of his duty, although not engaged in an operation in which the safety appliances are specifically designed to furnish him protection.” Plaintiff had general charge of these switching operations, and while Olson, who worked under him, had authority to give the signals for the movement of the cars, plaintiff had the right to assist in the coupling of cars 2 and 3, which was part of a general plan to couple all four cars upon the house track, and he was clearly engaged in the discharge of his duty in attempting so to do, • The preparation of the coupler for the impact is an indispensable part of the coupling operation, as pointed out by Judge (now Justice) Van Devanter in Chicago., M. & St. P. R. Co. v. Voelker (C. C. A.) 129 F. 522, 70 L. R. A. 264. It is clear the injury to plaintiff was the result of an attempted coupler operation. If plaintiff failed to operate the coupler in a proper manner, the fact of its not working would be no evidence of defect. Just how much force may be necessary in operating the pin lever in order to bring about an opening of the knuckle cannot be definitely stated. There is no accurate measuring stick. One pull of the lever might be sufficient if enough force were put behind it, and there might be as much force exerted in one pull as in two or thre.e. The question must be, Was there an earnest and honest endeavor to operate the coupler in an ordinary and reasonable manner, and was enough force applied to open the knuckle if the coupler was in proper condition ? If under such circumstances the knuckle does not open and men are required to go between the ears to adjust the coupler and open the knuckle, the coupler does not meet the requirements of the act. A court cannot say that' one pull upon the lever and failure of the same to respond, regardless of the force used or the manner of operation, is sufficient to show a defective coupler, nor can it say on the other hand that one pull can never be sufficient to show reasonable force. The trial court instructed the jury on this question as follows: “You will remember that there is testimony that the pin-lifting device required some force and a certain knack in order to manipulate it, and that often two jerks or pulls are required to open the knuckle in a good working coupler that will couple automatically upon, impact. There is testimony that the mechanism to be moved in the coupler by the pin-lifting device weighs some sixty-three pounds. Now then, if Linehan failed to exert reasonable force or pull on this pin-lifting device, then, of course, failure of the device to operate is of no weight in proving a defective coupler. On the other hand, if he did apply reasonable force and customary force and the knuckle failed to open, necessitating opening the knuckle with his hands, you should give it such weight as it is entitled to in determining the ultimate question that you are called upon to decide, and that is, whether or not the defendant equipped this ear in question with couplers which would couple automatically upon impact, and which could he uncoupled without the necessity of men going between the ends of the cars.” This seems to state the law clearly. Since the passage of the Automatic Coupler Act in 1893 there has been a multitude of eases involving its construction where men have been injured by alleged defective couplers. We refer to a few as illustrative of the general trend of court decisions with reference thereto. In Holz v. Chicago, M., St. P. & P. R. Co., 176 Minn. 575, 224 N. W. 241, 243, the court lays down the rule: “That a coupler which fails to work, when an honest and reasonable effort is made to operate it, does not comply with the act in question, and such failure to operate is sufficient evidence to justify the jury in finding it defective and in finding the carrier negligent.” In Popplar v. M., St. P. & S. S. M. R. Co., 121 Minn. 413, 141 N. W. 798, Ann. Cas. 1914D, 383, the operator, in attempting to lift a pin to open a coupler, jerked on it and pulled on it throe or four times, but it would not uncouple. Another brakeman tried to lift the pin, hut could not. This was held to be sufficient evidence to sustain a finding that the coupler was not such as required by law. This was affirmed by the Supremo Court, 237 U. S. 369, 35 S. Ct. 609, 59 L. Ed. 1000. In Gotschall v. Minneapolis & St. L. R. Co., 125 Minn. 525, 147 N. W. 430, and the second time 130 Minn. 33, 153 N. W. 120, a witness testified that the couplers were brand new couplers, that he made no examination of .one of them, that the one he examined was partly open, and that the cars will make a coupling generally if both knuckles are open. The court held that the question of defendant’s negligence was for the jury. This case reached the Supreme Court of the United States, 244 U. S. 66, 37 S. Ct. 598, 599, 61 L. Ed. 995, and it was there affirmed. The court held that, while the general rule was “that negligence may not be inferred from the mere happening of an accident except under the most exceptional circumstances,” such principle was not controlling, “in view of the positive duty imposed by the statute upon the railroad to furnish safe appliances for the coupling of cars.” In Meisenhelder v. Byran, 182 Minn. 615, 233 N. W. 849, 236 N. W. 195, the holding was that the evidence as a matter of law was insufficient to show that the coupler pin was defective. The evidence was that a coupler in which there were no mechanical defects and which operated properly both before and after the accident could not be found to be defective merely because a brakeman while riding on the moving car in a switching operation failed to lift the coupler pin by pressing on the pin lifter with Ms foot. In Philadelphia & R. R. Co. v. Eisenhart (C. C. A. 3) 280 F. 271, a freight conductor was injured when couplers uncoupled and ears broke away and collided with the car on wMch he was riding. The court held that the mere opening of the coupler's warranted submission of the question to the jury of whether they were defective in violation of the Safety Appliance Acts. In Chicago I. & L. R. Co. v. Stierwalt, 87 Ind. App. 478, 153 N. E. 807, it was held that a car coupler may be defective within the Federal Safety Appliance Act (45 US CA § 1 et seq.) without being actually broken or containing visible defects. The court, discussing the argument that no defect was visible, and that therefore the coupler was not defective within the meaning of the statute, denied the contention. The injured man tried to open the coupler by means of the lifting lever. lie first tried with one hand and then with both. Having failed, he stepped in front of a moving ear and undertook to open the coupler with his hands, and while doing so was injured. Case held one for the jury. In San Antonio & A. P. R. Co. v. Wagner, 241 U. S. 476, 36 S. Ct. 626, 60 L. Ed. 1110, the evidence showed that a coupling pin on a ear failed to drop as it should have done on the first impact, requiring a manipulation in preparation for a second impact, and there was testimony of an experienced brakeman that, when the apparatus of automatic couplers is in proper condition and the couplers are properly connected, they couple by impact automatically. The court held the evidence was sufficient to sustain a finding that the coupler or couplers were insufficient, and did not measure up to the standard prescribed by the Safety Appliance Statute. Chicago, R. I. & P. R. Co. v. Brown, 229 U. S. 317, 33 S. Ct. 840, 57 L. Ed. 1204, is an authority cited by defendant. It does not establish in any way, we think, that the mere fact that a pin would not lift when a brakeman or employee endeavored to lift it would in itself make a ease of negligence. With reference to tHs, in San Antonio & A. P. R. Co. v. Wagner, supra, the eourt says at page 484 of 241 U. S., 36 S. Ct. 620, 629, 60 L. Ed. 1110: “We need not in this ease determine, what was conceded in Chicago, R. I. & P. R. Co. v. Brown, 229 U. S. 317, 320, 33 S. Ct. 840, 57 L. Ed. 1204, 3 N. C. C. A. 826, that the failure of a coupler to work at any time sustains a charge that the act has been violated.” In Atchison, T. & S. F. R. Co. v. Keddy (C. C. A. 9) 28 F.(2d) 952, plaintiff testified that he tried to open the knuckle by the use of the pin lifter; that he jerked on the lever three or four times, but could not open it. He then took hold of it with his hand and tried to pull it open and his hand was caught between the drawbars. It was held the evidence was sufficient to sustain a verdict. In Atlantic City R. Co. v. Parker, 242 U. S. 56, 59, 37 S. Ct. 69, 70, 61 L. Ed. 150, the court said: “If there was evidence that the railroad failed to furnish such ‘couplers coupling automatically by impact’ as the statute requires (Johnson v. Southern P. Co., 196 U. S. 1, 18, 19, 25 S. Ct. 158, 49 L. Ed. 363, 369, 370, 17 Am. Neg. Rep. 412), nothing else needs to be considered. We are of opinion that there was enough evidence to go to the jury upon that point. No doubt there are arguments that the jury should have decided the other way. * * * If couplers failed to couple automatically upon a straight track, it at least may be said' that a jury would be warranted in finding that a lateral play so great as to prevent coupling was not needed, and that, in the absence of any explanation believed by them, the failure indicated that the railroad had not fully complied with the law.” Two eases in this court are cited and urged as authority for defendant’s position. One is Union Pac. R. Co. v. Brady (C. C. A. 8) 161 E. 719, where an employee jerked the lever to-pull the pin two or three times. This court said there was no substantial evidence of defect. This case was in 1908, long before the Supreme Court had given the broad and humanitarian interpretation to the Safety Appliance Acts which it has now given, and it is difficult to find any citation of this case or reference thereto in the subsequent decisions. The other is Midland Valley R. Co. v. Fulgham, Administrator (C. C. A. 8) 181 F. 91. There this court held the evidence was not sufficient to- take the case to the jury. It held the conclusion of the jury that the coupler was defective was a mere conjecture, that there was no evidence of any such defect, that the legal presumption that a lawful coupler had been furnished was not overcome, that the presumption was sustained by the evidence of all the witnesses who examined the coupling apparatus. An employee named Pogue was killed. He stepped between the ears to adjust in some way the couplers. The court says at page 95 of 181 E.: “He [referring to plaintiff] proved that Pogue stepped between the ears and was killed, but he produced no evidence that the lift pin lever did not open the coupler when Pogue jerked it, or that the lever or the coupler were in any way defective or inoperative.” The case in this respect differs from the case at bar, although it is something of an authority for defendant’s contention. Defendant urges that the physical facts contradict the testimony of plaintiff. It is undoubtedly the law that, if the physical facts positively contradict the testimony of a witness, that testimony is not to be credited by a court or jury. Missouri, K. & T. R. Co. v. Collier (C. C. A. 8) 157 F. 347; American Car & Foundry Co. v. Kindermann (C. C. A. 8) 216 F. 499; F. W. Woolworth Co. v. Davis (C. C. A. 10) 41 F.(2d) 342. Evidence which cannot possibly be true is not substantial evidence. It seems to be assumed by defendant that, because a number of its employees have testified that the coupler worked perfectly soon after the accident, and that the experiments made by them show the knuckle opened readily by the use of the pin lifter lever, a bar of physical facts was erected against plaintiff’s testimony. That is to say, that the jury were required to believe defendant’s witnesses, but the jury are the judges of\| the credibility of the witnesses, and the weight of the evidence, and may not have believed defendant’s witnesses. It is not for us to say what witnesses the jury must believe. It is evident the jury believed plaintiff. How we might have regarded the matter were we jurymen is immaterial. Philadelphia Storage Battery Co. v. Kelley-How-Thomson Co. (C. C. A. 8) 64 F.(2d) 834. In Davis v. M. & St. L. R. Co., 134 Minn. 369, 159 N. W. 802, a situation under the Federal Safety Appliance Act was presented, and the question of physical facts demonstrating the testimony of witnesses to be untrue was discussed. Three witnesses there 'examined the coupler in question within thirty minutes after the accident, as was done here. They declared no defect could be detected in any of its parts, that it operated properly when the lever was pressed. It was argued, as here, that this evidence showed the coupler to be in good condition and workable, and that showing the same within such a short time after the accident conclusively established there was no violation of the Safety Appliance Act. The court held the jury should not be precluded from passing upon the truthfulness and effect of the testimony of these witnesses. Plaintiff testified that he made several futile attempts to work the lever, but was unable to lift the coupling pin, and so went in to lift it by hand. Tho court held that, notwithstanding the evidence of the witnesses as to the experiments made thereafter, the entire evidence made the question presented as to whether the ear plaintiff attempted to uncouple was properly equipped a jury question. Plaintiff seems to have paid little, if any, attention to the condition of the coupler on the west end of the second car. His evidence is positive that the coupler on the east end of i lie third ear was open prior to- the first impact. Under the undisputed evidence a coupling would be made by a strong impact if oAe of the knuckles was open. Probably it would require greater force than if both knuckles were open. If it was necessary that both knuckles be open to make the coupling, then it is a fair inference from the record that the knuckle on the east end of car 2 was open, as when tho plaintiff opened the knuckle on the west end of car 3 the coupling was made. That the coupling might have been made if both knuckles were open, and that it was in fact later so made, would not relieve the defendant from liability under tho statute, if, in order to place the knuckles in that position, it wTas necessary to go between the cars. Hurley v. Illinois C. R. Co., 133 Minn. 101, 157 N. W. 1005. Upon the evidence introduced by defendant a strong argument can be made, as has been here, that the coupler in question was not defective, and that plaintiff did not operate the lever in an efficient manner. However, it is not for us to pass on the merits of the case as developed by the evidence. That is for the jury. We are concerned only with the question as to whether there was such substantial evidence as to warrant the trial court in submitting the ease to the jury. It seems to us that we would not be warranted in holding that there was no substantial evidence here in support of plaintiff’s contention that his injuries resulted from a coupler that failed to comply with the law. We would have to pass by the circumstance of the cars failing to couple upon the first impact, the evidence of plaintiff, a trusted and efficient employee, with long experience in the operation of couplers, that he attempted in the usual and customary way to pull the pin lifter on car 3, and that the knuckle would not open, he knowing the amount of force necessary to use, and that it sometimes took great force to pull a knuckle open with the lever, but, as he testified in relation to the knuckle on the fourth car, “I had that force all right,” the evidence of Thompson that the knuckles on these couplers, if there is no defect, will open when the pin lifter lever is operated in the usual and customary manner. This we cannot do. The judgment is affirmod.	CASELAW
Wikipedia:Peer review/Monopsony/archive1 Monopsony I've listed this article for peer review because its my first review and edit of an article. Interested (if your familiar with the topic) for any suggestions for contents missed, or any improvements to format, style etc. Thanks, Relox1 (talk) 05:10, 1 November 2020 (UTC) CaptainEek Howdy hello ! Economics is not my specialty, but hopefully I can help a bit. Once you've taken this peer review into account, you might try taking this article to WP:GA status! CaptainEek Edits Ho Cap'n!⚓ 06:17, 22 November 2020 (UTC) * A table in the lead is not standard. I would move the table into the body at a relevant point. * Not everything has a source. Every paragraph should have a citation to reliable source that supports it. * I would try to provide a section about real world examples and breaking them down a bit.	WIKI
Vertical garden to tower over Chelsea Flower Show \| Damian Carrington \| Environment \| The Guardian Damian Carrington Tue 10 May 2011 08.33 EDT Skyfarming, or growing food on the vertical plane rather than the horizontal, is usually the preserve of sci-fi scenarios where the gardeners probably need jet-packs to tend their plants. But a 9m tall food garden is being constructed as I write in London, for the Chelsea Flower Show, the UK's top garden show. One wall of the steel-frame structure is entirely plants, the other entirely solar photovoltaic panels. The panels power the water pumps that push water from a borehole round the hydroponic growing system. Inside the tower, along with the stairs are greenhouse areas for propagation, and a compost chute. On the wall, are large window boxes, for plants including tomatoes, peppers and nasturtiums, said Patrick Collins, a landscape architect who designed the B&Q-sponsored garden with architect Laurie Chetwood. Alongside the boxes is a wall of herbs that thrive when clipped, such as thyme, camomile and oregano. Chetwood acknowledges that people aren't going to put a 9m tower in their city gardens. But the good thing about Chelsea is it's about larger than life ideas. Our garden is meant to be inspirational but have within it some practical ideas people can take away. Our garden is saying anyone can grow their own veg, even in a small garden or a window box, added Collins. Everything in the garden is edible, even the trees, says Collins: the vertically trimmed lime trees have flowers that can make a herbal tea, while the mulberry trees give a crunchy berry. Ninety percent of our food comes from just 20 species of plant, Collins told me. But there are 100s of edible plants in the world, so our garden illustrates that. One unusual plant is Stevia rebaudiana, which has a very sweet taste and can be used as a sugar substitute, he says. There is also an insect hotel, where the 90 bedrooms have been designed by children. Some were very literal in their interpretation, and made little beds for earwigs, says Chetwood. The serious point is to encourage people to establish ecology in their gardens, where these [insects] are getting hammered. They say there are only four days of food in London, says Chetwood. There's a big drive in London to grow more food. As a recent convert to gardening in my tiny city garden, striking ideas certainly act as an inspiration.	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Muséum d'histoire naturelle d'Angers The Muséum des sciences naturelles d'Angers (commonly called Muséum d'Angers, as opposed to the arts museums, called Musées d'Angers) is a municipal museum in Angers (Maine-et-Loire, France). Dedicated to Natural History, the Muséum d'Angers houses in its collections about 530,000 objects, including 3,000 birds, 20,000 shells, 50,000 fossils, 80,000 insects and 350,000 herbarium samples, as well as hundreds of specimens taxidermised or in liquid, skeletons, minerals, technical instruments and Documents. The Muséum d'Angers receives annually about 20,000 visitors, as well as school groups, interns, researchers and volunteers. Origins Open to the public since 1801, the Muséum d'Angers has a long and rich history. The initial nucleus of the collection dates from the French Revolution. By the Decree of 22 November 1790, Gabriel Eleanor Merlet de la Boulaye (1736–1807) is assigned the gathering of all books and natural history collections seized in the national houses. Recovered from the whole region, especially from the houses of emigrants, they are initially stored in Saint Sergius' Abbey, Angers. Unfortunately, they were plundered by the Vendeans who besieged Angers in December 1793. In 1795 the Central School of Maine-et-Loire was established in the Barrault House. Joseph-Étienne Renou (1740–1809), collaborator of Merlet, is appointed to the professorship of Natural History and, with what remained of the collections at Saint Sergius' Abbey, forms a natural history collection for teaching in the new school. The collections were enriched thanks to Louis-Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux (1753–1824), member of the Directory. La Révellière-Lépeaux invited Renou to Paris in 1798, where he was allowed to receive objects from the National Museum of Natural History, including a group of 12 fossil fish brought from Italy (Monte Bolca) by Bonaparte in 1797, which still exists with their original labels. Public museum The collection finally opened its doors to the public as a Museum of Natural History on 5 May 1801. In 1805, when the Central School was abolished, the museum became municipal, while remaining in the Barrault House, together with the Museum of Fine Arts. The Muséum d'Angers quickly attracted interest and more items were acquired. In 1806, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772–1844), on behalf of the National Museum, sent important fossils and casts to the Muséum d'Angers. The number of visitors is high, but after the death of Renou (1809) the administration of the Museum went through a troubled period. Guilloteau, the naturalist's assistant, managed the museum during the time of the directors Bastard (who is also director of the Jardin des plantes d'Angers and pays less attention to the museum) and de Tussac (who worked in Paris). In 1821, Auguste Nicaise Desvaux (1784–1856), a botanist, replaced Guilloteau as naturalist's assistant and was appointed director in 1822. Desvaux tries organize the collection and quarrels with the municipality to solve the numerous logistical problems of the museum, without results. Expansion It was only under the direction of Alexandre Boreau (1803–1875) that the museum was enlarged, with new halls on the first floor of the Barrault House being inaugurated in 1849. The same year the museum was enriched with the collection of Pierre-Aimé Millet de la Turtaudière (1783–1873). His collection consisted mainly of fossils from the tuffeau limestone and faluns of Anjou, but today it has almost entirely disappeared. In 1864, a temporary exhibition of geology became a permanent exhibit. In 1871, the Society of Scientific Studies of Anjou (SESA) is established by a group of scholars strongly linked to the museum. In 1883 Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835–1900), Professor of Ornithology at the National Museum, donated 65 birds to the Muséum d'Angers. The main site of the museum remained the Barrault House, but in 1885, the town of Angers decided to purchase the Soye collection, which consisted of several thousand fossil samples. At this point, the number of palaeontological specimens becomes too large for the premises and are placed in the Old Town Hall, constituting a Palaeontological Museum. The geological collections joined them soon after. In the same year, a Holzmaden ichthyosaur cast is added to the collections, purchased at the Cantonal Museum of Geology in Lausanne, where the original still stands. An original ichthyosaur fossil from Holzmaden would be added to the collections later. Botanical collections had been developed in Angers since the creation of the Society of Botanophiles in 1777. Preserved in the Jardin des Plantes during most of the 19th century, the herbaria were re-housed in 1895 in the Old Mansion House, the north wing of the Old Town Hall, adjacent to the Palaeontological Museum. The SESA followed suit. Alexandre Boreau's herbarium was bought by the municipality in 1875, and that of James Lloyd (1810–1896) was bequeathed to the city in 1897. All herbaria have been grouped at the Arboretum Gaston Allard since 1964; the SESA accompanied this move. From 1898 to 2005 these collections formed the Botanical Museum. Under the director Georges Bouvet (1850–1929) many objects entered the museum (the number of samples has more than quintupled) and a general classification of the specimens was completed. His successor, Olivier Couffon (1882–1937), donated 12,000 local geological and palaeontological samples from his own collection. Prehistory collections were kickstarted at the end of the 19th century, especially thanks to the Paleolithic site of Roc-en-Pail, Chalonnes-sur-Loire (Maine-et-Loire). Growth continues In 1958, under the direction of Philippe Maury (1892–1978), the zoological items left the Barrault House and were installed in the Demarie-Valentin House, which became the Zoological Museum, near the Paleontological Museum. The Zoological Museum opened its doors on 29 April 1963. The two establishments were eventually reunited to recreate the Museum of Natural History in 1990, and the two buildings were connected in 1991 through a path along the ancient walls of the town of Angers, allowing visitors a continuous journey between the zoological rooms and the palaeontology gallery. In 2005 the Botanical Museum, while remaining on the site of the Arboretum, was absorbed by the Museum of Natural History, which changed its designation to the Museum of Natural Sciences. On 1 January 2017, the Muséum d'Angers was attached administratively to the other five museums of the town of Angers, under the same directorship. Continuity and integrity Unlike most other natural history museums in France, the Muséum d'Angers and its collections have not suffered from either of the two World Wars. Moreover, no fire, flood or disaster destroyed or damaged the museum's collections; the greatest hazard being the Vendean pillage in 1793. Even if, over time, many pieces have been lost, even stolen, the Muséum d'Angers retains a rare continuity and integrity for a museum more than 200 years old. Museum Missions The Muséum d'Angers follows the National Museum by adopting five main missions: curation of collections, dissemination of knowledge, expertise, pedagogy, and scientific research (yet the latter two are only achieved in Angers through mediation, object loans and hosting of trainees and external researchers; a scientific project is sometimes set up under the purview of the Muséum). It is part of networks dedicated to museums and contributes to national and international patrimonial databases for the benefit of scientists and the general public. The Muséum d'Angers subscribes to ICOM's definition of museum and is thus "a non-profit, permanent institution in the service of society and its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits the tangible and intangible heritage of humanity and its environment for the purposes of education, study and enjoyment". The Muséum d'Angers is labeled "Musée de France", law nr 2002-5 of 4 January 2002. Buildings The Muséum d'Angers is established in two sites: the central site of the museum, in the town centre of Angers, and the site of the Arboretum Gaston Allard. Central Site The central site is housed in two buildings of distinct origins, connected by a small garden sitting on top of the medieval walls, the Demarie-Valentin House and the Old Town Hall. The Demarie-Valentin House was built by Jean-François Demarie around 1800 on the site of the former parish church of Saint-Michel-du-Tertre, destroyed during the Revolution. The interior layout of the Demarie-Valentin House is surprisingly unique in its neoclassical style: through the front door, a high staircase leads on to a round courtyard dominated by a circular balcony. The garden vestibule connects two octagonal rooms together, each in its turn giving passage toward wings embracing the garden; a colonnade lends the garden façade an "antique" allure. Bequeathed to the city of Angers by its last owner in 1958, the house was used to host the zoology collections. This building houses the museum's reception desk, the laboratory of taxidermy-restoration and part of the reserves. The Demarie-Valentin House has been registered as a national heritage site (Monument historique) since 28 August 1995. The Old Town Hall dates from the 13th century. The palaeontology collections have been installed, since 1885, in the former Great Hall of the Municipal Council (1529–1823, then the Great Chamber of the Court of Appeal between 1823 and 1885), which includes beautiful wood panelling and a door carved by the woodcarver Pierre-Louis David, father of the famous Angevin sculptor of the same name, known as David d'Angers. Today, the office of the director, other working offices, the library and part of the reserves are housed in this building. Arboretum Site The site of the Arboretum Gaston Allard mostly houses herbarium collections in the residence of Gaston Allard (1838–1918). Allard, an Angevin botanist, started the plantations around his beautiful mansion of the Maulévrie in 1863. The creation of the Arboretum dates back to 1882. In 1916, Allard donated his Arboretum to the Pasteur Institute. In 1959, the town of Angers bought back the Arboretum Gaston Allard from the Pasteur Institute. The site also hosts the Société d'études scientifiques de l'Anjou and the Society of Horticulture of Angers and Maine-et-Loire. Museum life A museum is not composed only of showcases and visitors: there is at the Muséum d'Angers a dynamics often unknown to the public. The welcome team is the most visible face for visitors. Responsible for ticket sale, surveillance of exhibition rooms, monitoring of exhibits, and visitor safety, welcome agents are the hinge between the public and other professionals behind the scenes of the museum. The curators are responsible for the preservation and management of the collections as well as for the setting up of permanent and temporary exhibitions. The laboratory, with its taxidermist-conservator, is equipped for the preparation of specimens dedicated to exhibitions, conservation or even research. A technical team can intervene for the manufacture of showcases, shelves, storage, transport, etc. From time to time, the Museum's collections are enriched by donations from individuals or institutions seeking long-term conservation of their collections, which are often carefully collected throughout a lifetime, and it is up to these professionals to take Decision whether to accept them or not, to restore them or not, to expose them or not. The collections of the Muséum d'Angers are constantly in demand by researchers, trainees, students, teachers. The museum welcomes also volunteers and temporary staff to work on particular points of its collections. These are either scientists or amateurs specialized in particular fields, for example, beetles, paleobotany or malacology. Proofing, inventory and digitization campaigns are underway, particularly in the fields of herbaria, entomology and malacology. Loans of specimens for exhibitions, research or teaching are also regular. The scientific library contains approximately 6,000 documents (distributed on the central site and the site of the Arboretum) for the disciplines related to the collections. The mediation team organizes workshops and guided tours for school groups, families and the general public, using high-quality teaching materials (including a variety of animal skull models, educational games and thematic publications). As the Muséum d'Angers is part of an environmental education programme, themes and pedagogical cards adapted to all school grades are available for teachers. An activities programme for the young is offered, especially during school holidays. Other activities of scientific and cultural mediation are organized, including animations, conferences and even artistic events. Finally, the Muséum d'Angers participates every year in international cultural events such as the European Heritage Days and the Long Night of Museums. Collections The collections of the Muséum d'Angers are classified in four major scientific fields: botany, zoology, earth sciences, and prehistory. The museum also preserves minor collections of ethnology, technology and fine arts. It continues to be enriched with donations, customs seizures and new acquisitions. The oldest preserved object is a trilobite fossil of the genus Paradoxides from the Cambrian period, about 500 million years old. Historically the oldest objects are 18th century herbaria specimens (and even a few from the 17th century). Herbaria and animal taxidermy from before the 19th century have a considerable heritage value, but the largest part of the collections came from the 19th and 20th centuries. In botany, zoology and palaeontology, the collections of the Muséum d'Angers house several type-specimens, including Asteraceae, Lepidoptera and Trilobita. Botany The botanical collections represent numerically the greatest heritage in the Muséum d'Angers, with more than half of the total number of museum objects. The herbaria contain more than 350,000 samples, mainly dating from the nineteenth century. They are organised around three important collections: the general herbarium, that of Alexandre Boreau, and that of James Lloyd, the three herbaria together making up about 80% of the total samples. The general herbarium contains several type-specimens, including types from the island of Réunion, the collections of Philibert Commerson (voyage of Bougainville), Jacques Labillardière (expedition of Entrecasteaux), Pierre Antoine Poiteau (Santo Domingo) and even some rare samples from the seventeenth century. The Boreau herbarium contains probably more than 100,000 samples, including material used for the writing of the Flore du centre de la France, the most famous regional flora of its time. The Lloyd herbarium (100,000 collections) contains 24,000 species, the basis of the Flore de l'ouest de la France; the bequest included Lloyd's imposing library. There are also herbaria of mosses (Bouvet, Bruneau), lichens (Decuillé, Thuillier), fungi (Gaillard, Guépin, Rabenhorst) and algae (Lloyd, Bory, Corillion). Specialised herbaria are also preserved in Angers, including one of the most important botany collections (herbaria of the genus Rubus) in Europe. A seed library is made up, on one hand, of pedagogical samples (about 1,000 French and 200 tropical species) and, on the other hand, the Vilmorin collection of early 20th century tree seeds, with additions from the National Museum and from Roland Bonaparte (approximately 1,100 samples). The xylotheque, also made up of two parts, comprises wood specimens from trees from the Jardin des Plantes and the Gaston-Allard Arboretum, both in Angers, as well as a collection of 69 samples of French Guyanese precious woods collected in 1802. Zoology In the field of zoology, the Muséum d'Angers holds collections in entomology (80,000 specimens), malacology (20,000 specimens), ornithology (4,142, including oology and nidology), mammalogy (474 specimens), herpetology (410 specimens), ichthyology (139 specimens) and marine invertebrates (over one hundred specimens). Apart from taxidermised specimens, there are osteological specimens, teratological specimens, specimens in liquid, casts, models etc. Of special interest is the reconstitution of the cabinet of the Angevin entomologist Gustave Abot (1843–1926), specialist on beetles of Maine-et-Loire. The Muséum d'Angers houses the reference collection of spiders of Maine-et-Loire. It also retains the Servain and Surrault collections (freshwater malacology), which together with the Letourneux collection (world malacology) form a remarkable ensemble. With the Boursicot legacy in 1999, the zoology collections gained tens of thousands of specimens, especially insects and shells. In addition, the ornithological collections are particularly rich, with eggs, nests and taxidermy of all of the birds of Maine-et-Loire. There are also specimens belonging to extinct species, including a Carolina parakeet and a passenger pigeon; casts of an Aepyornis egg and of a moa's leg bones can be seen. There are also historical specimens, including one of the last sturgeons fished out in the Loire in 1811, and cetacean bones of the same period. Among the last remarkable acquisitions, the arrival of an okapi (accompanied by its skeleton) is noteworthy. Earth sciences The Muséum d'Angers has important collections of paleontology (50,000 fossils, including palaeobotany, paleozoology and paleoichnology) tracing the history of life since the Cambrian, 500 million years ago. The Maine-et-Loire fossils come mainly from local Cretaceous tuffeau limestone and Tertiary faluns, but also from fossiliferous Armorican levels such as Ordovician or Devonian. A composite skeleton of the Miocene fossil sirenian Metaxytherium medium, an ancestor of the extant dugong, is a major asset of the palaeontological collections. Mineralogy (5,000 samples, of which 2,000 are from Maine-et-Loire) and petrography (600 samples) include a collection of slates, a monumental block of sharp acicular quartz, samples of native gold and meteorites. The meteorite of L'Aigle, which fell in 1803 at L'Aigle (Orne, Normandy), is at the origin of the study of meteorites. The meteorite of Angers fell in 1822 (3 June, 8:15 pm) in Angers (La Doutre), it is classified L6, chondrite with olivine. A native gold nugget found at Blaison-Gohier (Maine-et-Loire) is exhibited, as well as a sample of native apatite lamellar gold, found around 1858 on the road going from Rennes to Nantes – one of the rare samples known in the region (they exist only in the National Museum in Paris and in Nantes). Other samples are mainly French regional minerals, and minerals from Madagascar and Chile, yet all mineral families are present. Prehistory The collections of prehistory total about 30,000 objects mainly from the Paleolithic site of Roc-en-Pail. Known since the beginning of the 20th century, the site of Roc-en-Pail, in Chalonnes-sur-Loire, has yielded a great diversity of objects: mammoth teeth, reindeer antlers, various bones and lithic tools, evidence of an ancient human occupation of the site. The systematic excavations of Michel Gruet (1912–1998) in the 1940s–1980s were particularly fortunate, and the discovery of Neanderthal bones (maxilla, isolated tooth and humerus), partially exhibited at the Muséum d'Angers, confirmed the importance of the site for the study of prehistory in Anjou and in Europe. New excavation campaigns at Roc-en-Pail are underway and the resulting material will also become part of the collections of the Muséum d'Angers. The permanent exhibition of prehistory has recently been enriched with display cases relating to human evolution, including a display of fossil skull casts on the human phylogenetic tree and a primatology installation. Specimens * Scientific * Type-specimens (plants, insects, fossils) * Reference collections (spiders of Maine-et-Loire) * Historic * Patrin herbarium (1780-1783) * Monte Bolca fossil fish (acquired by Bonaparte 1797) * Crocodile (accessioned 1798) * Pangolin (transferred from Paris 1798) * Sturgeon (fished in the Loire 1811) * Botany * herbaria: Lloyd's algae, Rubus herbarium * carpothèque: sea coconut, vegetable ivory * xylothèque: French Guiana rosewood * Zoology * entomology: Abot collection * malacology: exotic marine fauna, and local fresh water fauna * ornithology: passenger pigeon; great auk's egg; kakapo * mammalogy: okapi; several big cat spécimens * herpetology: tortoises (mounted with hinge opening); Blomberg's toad * ichthyology: ocean sunfish; "fish herbarium" * marine invertebrates: Indian Ocean corals * Earth Sciences * palaeozoology: Metaxytherium; plesiosaur * palaeobotany: plant fossils in sandstone; Lepidodendron * palaeoichnology: dinosaur tracks * mineralogy: native gold nugget; monumental block of acicular quartz * petrography: meteorite of Angers; slates * Prehistory * Roc-en-Pail: Neanderthal bones Temporary exhibitions 2019 « Insula Utopia / Inventaire du Ciel », works and installations by Richard Rak 2018 « Hungry Planet », photography by Peter Menzel and Faith d'Aluisio 2018 « La grande parade des animaux », at the Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Angers 2018 « HerbEnLoire : trésors retrouvés » 2017 « Les animaux du noir », photography by Katrin Backes and Sylvain Tanquerel 2017 « Drôles d'oiseaux » 2016 « L'aventure botanique des Caraïbes aux bords de la Loire » 2015 « Bestioles d'Anjou », photography by Sylvie Mercier 2015 « Gravex naturalis : espèce en voie d'exposition » 2015 « Sols fertiles, vie secrètes » 2014 « Zoos humains : l'invention du sauvage » 2014 « Traces des absents », works by Hélène Gay 2014 '''« Récolement ? ... ça colle ! 10 ans de récolement des collections »''' 2014 « Portraits de famille », works by Hélène Benzacar 2014 « Flore », paintings by Catherine Brasebin 2013 « Espèces en folie » 2013 « Alarme et camouflage » 2012 « Écorces », photography by Cédric Pollet 2012 « Art d'ici : univers singuliers », painting/sculpture (Société des Artistes Angevins) 2011 « Safari urbain », photography by Laurent Geslin 2011 « Abriter les papillons », at the Arboretum Gaston-Allard 2010 « Biodiversité : le Muséum sort de sa réserve » 2009 « Darwin : mission Galápagos », bicentennial 2009 « J'ai capturé dans mes filets », writing by Thérèse Bonnétat and tapestries by Muriel Crochet 2008 « L'Anjou sous nos pieds », geology of Anjou 2008 « Curieuses invitées », works by Juliette Vicart 2008 « L'animal griffé », drawings and sculptures by Delphine Izzo 2007 « Double visite : 5 artistes au Muséum » 2007 « Nom : Carl v. Linné, Profession : naturaliste », tricentennial 2006 « Amazone nature » 2006 « Ligne du Monde » 2006 '''« Naturellement Loire... une escale en Anjou »''' 2005 « Réserves », photography by Hélène Benzacar » 2005 « Voyage dans la troisième dimension », hologrammes 2005 « Photographes de nature », photography by BBC Wildlife Magazine 2005 « Chauves-souris de chez nous » 2004 « Forêt ou le frémissement des limbes », photography by Laurent Vergne 2004 « Histoires naturelles », works by Sylvie Mercier de Flandre 2004 « La faune du Mali » 2003 « Algérie, deux millions d'années d'histoire : les premiers habitants » 2003 « Madagascar : l'île aux trésors » 2002 « Félins du monde » 2002 « Lumières Polaires et aurores boréales », photography by Rémy Marion 2001 « Rue des Sciences : les noms de rues dédiés aux scientifiques » 2001 « La Nature, quelle artiste » 2001 « Paysage du monde, paysage d'Anjou » 2000 « Le pétrole dans tous ces états », Fête de la Science 2000 « La ménagerie du roi René » 1999 « Trésors botaniques d'Angers » 1999 « Le petit peuple des champs et des bois », photography by Michel Beucher 1998 « Rêveur au long cours », installations by Richard Rak 1996 « Ages et images de la terre » 1994 « Baleines en vue » 1993 « Point Info dinosaures » 1990 « Roc en Pail – 50 000 ans de préhistoire angevine », an exhibition presenting results from Michel Gruet's archaeological excavations at Roc-en-Pail; parts of this exhibition can still be visited in the permanent exhibition of the Muséum d'Angers Muséum open to the public 1801 - Toussaint Grille, June–October 1816 (par intérim) - Guilloteau, directeur de facto, 1809–1821 - Desvaux, director de facto, 1821 - Deloche, officieusement directeur, 1875–1881 - Catherine Lesseur, January 1991 – 1993 (par intérim) - Benoît Mellier, January–December 2016 (par intérim) merger with Musées d'Angers in 2017 * 1) Joseph-Étienne Renou, 1798–1809 * 1) Toussaint Bastard, 1809–1816 a * 1) François Richard de Tussac, 1816–1822 a * 1) Auguste Nicaise Desvaux, 1822–1838 a * 2) Alexandre Boreau, 1838–1875 a * 3) Émile Lieutaud, 1875–1881 (1e fois) a * 1) Édouard Louis Trouessart, 1881–1885 * 2) Émile Lieutaud, 1885–1895 (2e fois) b * 3) Georges Bouvet, 1895–1929 a, b, c * 4) Olivier Couffon, 1929–1937 b * 5) Joseph Péneau, 1937–1944 b * 6) Philippe Maury, 1944–1976 d, e * 7) Michel Gruet, 1976–1990 e * 1) Robert Jullien, 1993–2000 * 2) Vincent Dennys, 2001–2015 * 1) Anne Esnault, depuis 2017 Musée Botanique merger with the Muséum in 2005 * 1) Albert Gaillard, 1898–1903 * 2) Georges Bouvet, 1904–1929 c * 3) Ernest Préaubert, 1930–1933 * 4) Georges Bioret, 1934–1953 * 5) Robert Corillion, 1953–1956 (1e fois) * 6) Philippe Maury, 1957–1976 d * 7) Robert Corillion, 1977–1988 (2e fois) * 8) Denise Moreau, 1988–2010 a at the same time Director of the Jardin des plantes d'Angers b at the same time Director of the Musée Paléontologique (créé 1885) c Georges Bouvet was at the same time Director of the Muséum and of the Musée Paléontologique (1895–1929), Director of the Jardin des plantes (1895–1929) and Director of the Musée Botanique (1904–1929) d Philippe Maury was at the same time Director of both Musées Paléontologique and Zoologique (established 1958) and Director of the Musée Botanique e Director of both Musées Paléontologique and Zoologique, reunited in 1990 Related articles * List of museums in Maine-et-Loire * List of natural history museums	WIKI
Čadraže Čadraže (in older sources also Čadreže ) is a village on the right bank of the Krka River in the Municipality of Šentjernej in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. The local church, built on top of a Hallstatt period tumulus on the western outskirts of the settlement, is dedicated to Saint Ulrich (sveti Urh) and belongs to the Parish of Šentjernej. It is a medieval structure that was greatly rebuilt in the Baroque style in the 17th century.	WIKI
RSA Encryption Cryptography By Divya Aikat, Helena Harrison, Annie Qin, and Quinn Shanahan The definition of cryptography is the art of writing and solving code. However, over the last two weeks, we learned so much more than just this textbook explanation. While working together within our team, we explored many different aspects behind cryptography. By building off our individual strengths, we prepared ourselves for higher level mathematics. The following is a synopsis of the progress we’ve made over the past two weeks. Modular Arithmetic The first thing that is essential to RSA Encryption is the knowledge of modular arithmetic. There is a simple reason why modular arithmetic is known as “taking the remainder”. Modular arithmetic revolves around the concepts of division and remainders. For example, 4/2 is equal to 2. Simple, right? What happens when you encounter a remainder? 5/3 is 1, with a remainder of 2. There is a different way to say the same thing, and this way makes it easier to apply to RSA encryption. It can rewritten as 5=1 · 3 + 2. In modular arithmetic, this can be depicted with a ≡ b mod n (this is read as “a is congruent to b mod n”). For example, 5 2 mod 3 (look at the above example). The remainder will always be an integer between 0 and n – 1. Primes Prime factorization is something crucial to the RSA algorithm. It is the practice of factoring integers into a product of powers of primes. Relatively prime integers are a little more complicated than just your average prime factorization. Two numbers are “relatively prime” when they have no common factors other than 1. In other words, you cannot evenly divide both by some common value. An example of relatively prime integers are 7 and 20. Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) You may have heard of the least common multiple. The greatest common divisor is like its twin. To calculate the GCD of 2 numbers, you need to write out the prime factorization. For example, 12 and 18. The prime factorization of 12 is 2^2 · 3. The prime factorization of 18 is 2 · 3^2. You will take the lowest value that overlaps the two numbers. In this example, 2 and 3 will be multiplied to make 6, GCD of 12 and 18. Euler’s Phi Theorem https://girlstalkmath.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/f7642-phi.png The above picture displays the two different versions of the phi symbol. The φ(N) can be found in a very simple way. N represents any positive integer. For example, if N = 12, then you can write out 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Then, you can cross out all numbers that are the multiples of all the individual factors in the prime factorization. The prime factorization of 12 is 2^2 · 3. So, you would cross it out like this (the underlined numbers are crossed out) : 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. You never cross out 1, even thought it may seem like you should. Then, you count up the remaining amount of numbers. Therefore, the φ(12) is 4. What if the number is prime? The φ(3) is 2. The φ(5) is 4. The φ(7) is 6. Do you notice a pattern? The φ(N) (if N is prime) is always N – 1. Euler’s Phi theorem also states that n^φ(p) ≡ 1 mod p. n must be relatively prime to a. Chinese Remainder Theorem The Chinese Remainder Theorem is a theorem which states that, if you know the remainders of the division of an integer n by several integers, then you can determine the remainder of the division of n by the product of these integers, under the condition that the divisors are pairwise coprime. Proofs This was a very difficult section of the problem set for our group to complete. However, we powered through with the help of our wonderful team leaders. We will only explain one short proof to spare you difficulty and time. Using Euler’s phi theorem, we can prove that p\|(n^p – 1) – 1. This means that p is a divisor of (n^p – 1) – 1. We start off with Euler’s phi theorem as the first step. 1. n^φ(p) ≡ 1 mod p 1. Euler’s Phi Theorem 2. n^φ(p) ≡ p · x + 1 2. The definition of a mod 3. n^p – 1 = px + 1 3. The definition of the phi of a prime number 4. (n^p – 1) – 1 = px 4. Algebraic manipulation We have proved p\|(n^p – 1) – 1 using Euler’s phi theorem. Encryption and Decryption Begin by creating a cipher that both people agree on. For example, a=1, b=2, c=3…. Let’s start with two people that want to transmit a message – Sarah and Lisa. Sarah starts by picking 2 prime numbers, and multiplies them together. This number will equal N. In our example, we can pick 17 · 19 = 323. She finds the phi of N. The φ(323) = 288. Then, she finds s and t. st = 1 mod φ(N) is a formula you can use. 11 · 131 = 1 mod 288 in our example. Sarah sends out (s, N) publicly. (11, 323) will be sent out publicly. When Lisa gets (s, N), she transmits a letter by finding the number in the cipher, and raises it to the s power. 21 to the s power means 21 to the 11th power here. She then calculates it to the s power and into a VERY large number, which is 350277500542221. Lisa calculates the large number to modulo N. 350277500542221 mod 323 = 319. Lisa sends 319 back. Sarah takes the calculation and raises it to the power of t. 319 to the t power means 319 to the 131st power. Sarah calculates it to modulo N, which equals 21. Sarah then deciphers the number as a letter. This can be worked out easier on paper. So, we have recorded a video about encrypting and decoding messages. Thoughts The entire learning process was complicated, and in some sections, we felt like giving up. However, we learned to persevere through the things that challenged us the most. We went through our own little bumps along the way, but we ended up understanding the problem set and each other better. We made many jokes, some funny, some not as funny. The podcast was definitely something we’ll never forget. We proved that you can learn difficult math and have fun doing it. Annie Qin, Divya Aikat, Helena Harrison, Quinn Shanahan Leave a Reply Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: WordPress.com Logo You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Log Out / Change ) Facebook photo You are commenting using your Facebook account. Log Out / Change ) Connecting to %s	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
How Does UBound Work In VBA? How does UBound work in VBA? The VBA UBound function returns the highest dimension index of the given array. The array for which you want to find the highest index. An optional integer that specifies the size of the array for which the highest index is required. If [size] is omitted, the default value is 1. What does Ubound VBA do? UBOUND or also known as upper bound function, this function in VBA is used with its opposite function, LBOUND or also known as lower bound function, the use of this function is to set the length of the array in the code and the way As the name suggests, UBOUND is used to set the bounds of the upper array. How to use array in VBA? UBOUND or also known as upper bound function, this function in VBA is used with its opposite function, LBOUND function or also known as lower bound function. The use of this function is to set the length of the array in code, and as the name suggests, UBOUND is used to set the upper bound of the array. How to use an array in Excel VBA? Use the Static, Dim, Private, or Public statement to declare an array and leave the parentheses blank, as shown in the following example. You can use the ReDim declaration to implicitly declare an array in a procedure. Be careful not to misspell the array name when using the ReDim statement. twenty-one How to declare an array in VBA? An array is a group of variables. In Excel VBA, you can refer to a specific array variable (element) using the array name and index number. How to access an array in VBA? An array is a single variable with many segments to store values, while a typical variable has only one memory segment in which it can store only one value. Query the array as a whole if you want to refer to all the values it contains, or you can refer to its individual elements. 26	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Mark Zuckerberg hearing shows Facebook should be worried about Europe European lawmakers had much better questions for Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg than their American counterparts in the Senate and House of Representatives — but Zuckerberg still didn’t actually answer them. Zuckerberg appeared before the European Parliament on Tuesday, where members peppered him with a wide range of questions regarding Facebook’s business practices, privacy protections, plans to address fake accounts and news, and more. They had clearly done their homework. Europe has really taken the reins on regulating technology companies in recent years; it has been much more aggressive in antitrust actions and addressing hate speech, and it’s about to enact a major new law to heighten privacy protections. The format of Tuesday’s hearing, which lasted for about an hour and a half, meant most of their questions went unanswered. After Zuckerberg’s opening statement, the members spoke and asked their questions, one after another, most in English but others in their native languages with an interpreter. Zuckerberg sat silently during that time, for about 45 minutes. Finally, about 10 minutes before the hearing was supposed to end, Zuckerberg was given a chance to respond. He lumped together and glossed over a number of questions and topics, and once the scheduled stopping point was passed, he appeared increasingly eager for the hearing to end. “I want to be sensitive for time because we are 15 minutes over the scheduled meeting,” he said as the hearing drew to a close. “I think that this was — I realize that there were a lot of specific questions that I didn’t get to specifically answer.” Those questions were a lot tougher than the ones he was asked in the US, where members of Congress during and after Zuckerberg’s April testimony seemed broadly stumped about what the problem is with Facebook and how to fix it. But the European hearing’s format made getting real answers difficult. The hearing reinforced that Europe is going to be a lot more aggressive in regulating and scrutinizing Facebook. On Friday, Europe will enact the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), a new privacy law designed to make sure users know and understand the data companies collect about them and consent to sharing it. That difference was noted by lawmakers. “We are here in terms of regulation,” said Claude Moraes of the British Labour Party, gesturing upward with one hand, “And the United States is here,” gesturing down with the other. Zuckerberg said Facebook is prepared to be fully compliant from day one, but lawmakers seemed skeptical of that — and plenty of Facebook’s other practices. Guy Verhofstadt of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe openly wondered whether Zuckerberg has lost control of his company and noted that Facebook has apologized time and time again for its misdeeds since its inception. He joked that Facebook has already said it’s sorry three times this year — and it’s only May. “Are you capable to fix it? And if you have already confronted so many dysfunctions of the system, there has to be clearly a problem,” he said. Multiple lawmakers asked about Facebook’s competition and whether it is a monopoly, a question only Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC) raised during the Senate hearing in April. Manfred Weber, leader of the European People’s Party, asked Zuckerberg whether he could name a competitor in Europe and pointed out that WhatsApp and Instagram are already part of the Facebook “empire.” Weber suggested it’s time to discuss breaking up Facebook. “It’s already too much power in one hand. I ask you simply, and that’s my final question, can you convince me not to do so?” Syed Kamall of the European Conservatives and Reformists asked how non-Facebook users could stop the company from collecting their data. Gabriele Zimmer, head of the European United Left-Nordic Green Left, asked how Facebook’s philosophy about the treatment of women has changed since the days of Facemash, a site to compare people by their looks Zuckerberg created in college. Diane Dodds of the Democratic Unionist Party told the story of a 17-year-old boy named Ronan who killed himself after being bullied on Facebook. “What are you doing to stop the rise of false Facebook accounts which deliberately target young and vulnerable people?” she asked. Claude Moraes of the British Labour Party asked whether the data privacy questions to come out of the Cambridge Analytica scandal “is actually the tip of the iceberg, or is there a bigger iceberg?” Verhofstadt posed the question of Facebook’s future not only as a business but also as a personal issue for Zuckerberg. “You have to ask yourself how you will be remembered,” he said. “As one of the three big internet giants, together with Steve Jobs, I should say, and Bill Gates, who have enriched our world and our societies, or at the other hand, in fact, [as] a genius who created a digital monster that is destroying our democracies and our societies.” During his response time, Zuckerberg said Facebook exists in a “very competitive space where people use a lot of different tools for competition” and batted back at concerns it is monopolistic. “From where I sit, I feel like there are new competitors coming up every day,” he said. He broadly brushed over topics, lumping together themes from many of the lawmakers’ questions. He spoke vaguely about Facebook’s efforts on combating online bullying and hate speech, mentioned already-public efforts to boost election integrity and combat fake news and accounts, and said Facebook pays taxes where it’s supposed to. “I don’t think the question here is whether or not there should be regulation, I think the question is what is the right regulation,” he said when talking about regulatory options. And he repeated many of the lines he has used in previous hearings — that Facebook is a “platform for all ideas,” that he created it back in his dorm room. As he and European Parliament President Antonio Tajani tried to bring an end to the hearing, some members continued to speak and insist that Zuckerberg respond to their questions. The hearing’s format — and who decided on it — quickly became a topic of debate. Tajani in a press conference immediately after it said it was his idea to set the hearing up that way and that the conference of presidents of the European Parliament agreed to it. He pointed out that Zuckerberg, who is not a European citizen, was not obligated to come at all. But that didn’t quiet the criticism. “I asked six yes-or-no questions, and I got not a single answer,” said Philippe Lamberts, co-leader of the European Greens Party. Lamberts complained on Twitter that Zuckerberg’s answers lacked “substance” and blamed Tajani for allowing the format. Reply from @MarkZuckerbergF lacking substance, @EP_President allowed this format allowing #Zuckerberg not touching substance Damian Collins, a member of the UK Parliament heading an investigation into Facebook there, in a statement said the hearing was a “missed opportunity for proper scrutiny on many crucial questions” posed. He said that the format allowed Zuckerberg to “cherry-pick his responses” and that questions were “blatantly dodged.” “We have all well prepared,” said Verhofstadt. He then suggested Zuckerberg follow up with written answers. “There are a number of questions that have been put by other colleagues that I want answers to.” Tajani said members would be able to submit questions to Zuckerberg for written answers to be provided at an unspecified timeline.	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Robbie Patton Robbie Patton is an English singer-songwriter. His first major exposure came in 1979 when he was selected as the opening act for a Fleetwood Mac tour. Mac member Christine McVie went on to produce Patton's second and third albums, and played keyboards on them; Lindsey Buckingham played guitar on Patton's hit single, "Don't Give it Up", and Stevie Nicks sang on "Smiling Islands". Patton returned the favour by co-writing the hit "Hold Me", which appeared on Fleetwood Mac's 1982 album, Mirage. Patton wrote songs for Jonathan Cain and Santana later in the 1980s. Albums * Do You Wanna Tonight (Liberty Records, 1979) * Distant Shores (Liberty, 1981) US No. 162 * Orders from Headquarters (Atlantic Records, 1982) * No Problem (Atlantic, 1984) Singles * "Don't Give it Up" (1981) U.S. No. 26, U.S. AC No. 41 * "Smiling Islands" (1983) US No. 52, U.S. AC No. 16	WIKI
FOREX-Bleak China data yanks Australian dollar, yuan lower * Risk sentiment hurt by weak factory data * U.S. jobs data in focus * Yen steadies vs greenback * Graphic: World FX rates in 2019 tmsnrt.rs/2egbfVh (Adds context, updates prices) By Tom Finn LONDON, Feb 1 (Reuters) - The offshore yuan was headed for its worst daily decline in over five months on Friday after weak economic data out of China damaged risk sentiment and weighed on the Australian dollar. China’s gloomy factory readings have brought global growth worries to the fore again, which is likely to benefit safe-haven currencies such as the Japanese yen. “February is starting with a slew of weak manufacturing data across China-sensitive parts of Asia... it’s a reminder that the risk rally in emerging market currencies, and generally, is built on wobbly foundations,” said Societe Generale strategist Kit Juckes. “I expect a risk averse morning and a data-driven afternoon.” The Australian dollar, a proxy for China risk, was the main victim, falling half a percent to 0.7237 while the dollar is set to end the week in the red, losing 0.6 percent on the day against a basket of major currencies. Markets are now focusing on U.S. jobs data later on Friday. Analysts note that any weakness in the labour market and a fall in wage inflation would only reinforce the dovish outlook for the dollar this year. Broader risk sentiment remained somewhat robust after a top U.S. negotiator on Thursday reported “substantial progress” in two days of high-level talks on trade with China. The dollar is widely expected to weaken this year as the Federal Reserve turns more cautious about rate increases. “The outlook for U.S. assets remains relatively uncompelling and investors should be shopping for value elsewhere,” said Hans Redeker, global head of currency strategy at Morgan Stanley in London. “A weak U.S. equity market outlook should keep low-yielders such as the yen and the Swedish crown supported,” he added. On Wednesday, the U.S. central bank held interest rates steady as expected but discarded pledges of “further gradual increases” in interest rates. The euro rose 0.2 percent to $1.1474 after having fallen 0.3 percent in the last session. The single currency has not managed to gain despite broader dollar weakness as growth and inflation in the euro zone remain weaker than expected. Sterling, grappling with uncertainty over a deal to avoid a chaotic British exit from the European Union, fell 0.3 percent to a one-week low of $1.3044. Analysts expect the British pound to remain volatile in the coming weeks. (Additional reporting by Vatsal Srivastava; Editing by Janet Lawrence and Raissa Kasolowsky)	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
@ARTICLE{10.3389/fphys.2012.00032, AUTHOR={Lapi, Dominga and Vagnani, Sabrina and Pignataro, Giuseppe and Esposito, Elga and Paterni, Marco and Colantuoni, Antonio}, TITLE={Protective Effects of Quercetin on Rat Pial Microvascular Changes during Transient Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion and Reperfusion}, JOURNAL={Frontiers in Physiology}, VOLUME={3}, PAGES={32}, YEAR={2012}, URL={https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2012.00032}, DOI={10.3389/fphys.2012.00032}, ISSN={1664-042X}, ABSTRACT={The aim of this study was to assess the in vivo effects of quercetin on pial microvascular responses during transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) and reperfusion. Rat pial microcirculation was visualized by fluorescence microscopy through a closed cranial window. Pial arterioles were classified in five orders of branchings. Capillaries were assigned order 0, the smallest arterioles order 1, and the largest ones order 5. In ischemic rats, 30 min BCCAO and 60 min reperfusion caused arteriolar diameter decrease (by 14.5 ± 3.3% of baseline in order 2), microvascular leakage [0.47 ± 0.04, normalized gray levels (NGL)], leukocyte adhesion in venules (9 ± 2/100 μm venular length, v.l./30 s), and reduction of capillary perfusion (by 40 ± 7% of baseline). Moreover, at the end of BCCAO and reperfusion there was a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation when compared with baseline. Quercetin highest dose determined dilation in all arteriolar orders (by 40 ± 4% of baseline in order 2) and prevented microvascular permeability (0.15 ± 0.02 NGL), leukocyte adhesion (3 ± 1/100 μm v.l./30 s) as well as ROS formation, while capillary perfusion was protected. Inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) prior to quercetin reduced arteriolar dilation (order 2 diameter increase by 10.3 ± 2.5% of baseline) and caused permeability increase (0.29 ± 0.03 NGL); inhibition of neuronal NOS or inducible NOS did not affect quercetin-induced effects. Inhibition of guanylyl cyclase prior to quercetin reversed the quercetin’s effects on pial arteriolar diameter and leakage. In conclusion, quercetin was able to protect pial microcirculation from ischemia–reperfusion damage inducing arteriolar dilation likely by nitric oxide release. Moreover, quercetin scavenger activity blunted ROS formation preserving the blood–brain barrier integrity.} }	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Eva Sládeková Eva Sládeková (born December 17, 1981, in Trenčín) is a Slovak badminton player. She is a two-time national badminton champion in the women's singles (2005 and 2007), and also, a member of the badminton team for M-Šport Trenčín Club, under her personal coach and former partner Michal Matejka. Sladekova held her distinction of being the first Slovak badminton player to compete at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She received a bye for the second preliminary round match of the women's singles, before losing out to Hong Kong's Wang Chen, with a score of 7–21 each in two straight periods.	WIKI
VW ‘Plan B’ for Porsche May Prompt Asset Freeze, Lawyer Says A lawyer with a 1.1 billion-euro ($1.5 billion) suit pending against Volkswagen AG (VOW) and Porsche SE said he may try to stall the companies using an alternative plan to join their businesses. If VW decides to pursue plans to buy Porsche’s operating units, instead of pursuing the merger of the companies that was put on hold last week, Franz Braun of Munich based law firm CLLB said he will review whether to ask the court hearing his case freeze Porsche assets. VW and Porsche have the option to forego the full merger and instead fold Porsche’s auto-making business into VW while leaving the holding company to manage the VW shares. VW is currently evaluating such a plan, Chief Financial Officer Hans Dieter Poetsch told journalists last night, and the carmaker doesn’t plan to “wait too long” to complete the combination. “They make it sound as if such a Plan B would be an easy thing to do,” Braun said. “Well, we certainly wouldn’t make it that easy for them.” Because under the alternative scenario Porsche would become a mere holding company, the court could grant an order to put the deal on hold while the suit is pending. That would allow plaintiffs to collect if they won, said Braun. “We won’t comment on any speculations,” VW spokesman Marco Dalan and Porsche spokesman Albrecht Bamler said in a joint statement on Braun’s comment. Porsche hasn’t yet received the suit, Bamler added. Banks, Insurers Braun represents a company bundling claims from 41 banks, insurance companies and investment funds that filed the suit against both companies on Sept. 7 in Braunschweig. The investors claim they were harmed by market manipulation in the trading of VW shares and disclosure rule violations. The two companies put their original merger on hold last week due to ongoing lawsuits in Germany and the U.S. and investigations over accusations Porsche misled investors during a failed attempt to buy Wolfsburg, Germany-based VW. Porsche has repeatedly denied all of the allegations. The two agreed to combine in 2009 after Porsche racked up more than 10 billion euros of debt in the attempt to take over Volkswagen. VW is currently reviewing the tax implications of exercising its option to buy the 50.1 percent stake in Porsche’s automotive unit that it doesn’t already own, Poetsch said, adding the process will take a few weeks. Cash Payment As part of the original deal struck in August 2009, VW can pay cash for the remaining stake in Porsche’s automobile operations through a put/call structure that allows the Stuttgart, Germany-based sports-car maker to sell the rest of its core business to VW. Those options can be exercised between November 2012 and January 2015. “I now expect VW to make use of the put/call options,” Porsche CEO Matthias Mueller told reporters in Frankfurt today. “This cannot be done until 2012 though.” While this option would allow VW to fully fold Porsche’s automotive business into the VW group, it would leave Porsche’s holding company to manage the VW shares and take legal and financial responsibility for the outcome of the lawsuits. The price to follow this route would be linked to the valuation of the auto-making business at the time of the purchase. To contact the reporter on this story: Karin Matussek in Berlin at kmatussek@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story: Anthony Aarons at aaarons@Bloomberg.net .	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Publications [#247303] of Berndt Mueller search www.slac.stanford.edu. Papers Published 1. Fries, RJ; Kunihiro, T; Müller, B; Ohnishi, A; Schäfer, A, From 0 to 5000 in 2 × 10-24 seconds: Entropy production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, Nuclear Physics A, vol. 830 no. 1-4 (2009), pp. 519c-522c [041], [doi] . Abstract: We review what is known about the contributions to the final entropy from the different stages of a relativistic nuclear collision, including recent results on the decoherence entropy and the entropy produced during the hydrodynamic phase by viscous effects. We then present a general framework, based on the Husimi distribution function, for the calculation of entropy growth in quantum field theories, which is applicable to the earliest ("glasma") phase of the collision during which most of the entropy is generated. The entropy calculated from the Husimi distribution exhibits linear growth when the quantum field contains unstable modes and is asymptotically equal to the Kolmogorov-Sinaï (KS) entropy. We outline how the approach can be used to investigate the problem of entropy production in a relativistic heavy-ion reaction from first principles. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Foothill CollegeApproved Course Outlines Physical Sciences, Mathematics & Engineering Division PHYS 2AGENERAL PHYSICSSummer 2015 4 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.5 Units Total Quarter Learning Hours: 84 (Total of All Lecture, Lecture/Lab, and Lab hours X 12) Lecture Hours: 4 Lab Hours: 3 Lecture/Lab: Note: If Lab hours are specified, see item 10. Lab Content below. Repeatability - Statement: Not Repeatable. Status - Course Status: ActiveGrading: Letter Grade with P/NP option Degree Status: ApplicableCredit Status: Credit GE Status: Natural Sciences (w/laboratory) Articulation Office Information - Transferability: BothValidation: 1. Description - Lectures, demonstrations, and problems in mechanics; properties of matter. Prerequisite: MATH 48C or higher placement on the placement test. Co-requisite: None Advisory: None 2. Course Objectives - The student will be able to: 1. Explain basic kinematics and solve related problems. 2. Apply Newtonian Dynamics and the Three Laws of Motion. 3. Explain work, energy and power and solve related problems. 4. Derive momentum and impulse and apply these concepts to problems. 5. Apply their understanding of mechanics to rotational cases. 6. Apply their understanding of mechanics to the standard introductory topics of oscillators and universal gravity. 7. Assess the limitations of physical laws and make mathematical approximations in appropriate situations. 8. Discuss how physical laws are established and the role of scientific evidence as support. 3. Special Facilities and/or Equipment - Physics laboratory with equipment for teaching introductory mechanics. 4. Course Content (Body of knowledge) - The student will be able to: 1. Explain basic kinematics and solve related problems 1. concept of position 2. concept of velocity 1. average velocity 2. instantaneous velocity 3. concept of acceleration 1. average acceleration 2. instantaneous acceleration 4. problems featuring constant acceleration 5. falling body problems 6. motion in two or three dimensions 1. position, velocity and acceleartion as vectors 2. projectile motion 3. motion in a circle 2. Apply Newtonian Dynamics and the Three Laws of Motion 1. Concept of a force 2. Newton's First Law 3. Newton's Second Law 1. The difference between mass and weight 2. Free body diagrams 4. Newton's Third Law 5. Special forces 1. The spring force 2. Friction 3. The Centripetal force 3. Explain work, energy and power and solve related problems 1. The definition of work 1. Work in one dimension as a result of a constant force 2. Work in one dimension as a result of a non-constant force 3. Work when the displacement and force are not in one dimension 2. Kinetic Energy 1. Derivation from Newton's Second Law 2. The work-energy theorem 3. Power 4. Potential Energy 1. Derivation from work 2. Gravitational potential energy 3. Spring potential energy 4. Conservation of Energy 1. Conservative and nonconservative forces 2. Conservation of energy-type problems with friction 4. Derive momentum and impulse and apply these concepts to problems. 1. Conservation of Momentum from Newton's Third Law 2. Definition of impulse 3. Elastic and inelastic collisons 4. The center of mass 5. Apply their understanding of mechanics to rotational cases. 1. Defintions of angular position, velocity and acceleration 1. Cases with constant angular acceleration 2. Relationship between linear and angular motion 2. Energy considerations in rotational motion 3. The moment of inertia 1. Moment of interia for collections of point particles 2. Moments of inertia for extended bodies 3. The parrallel axis theorem 4. Torque 5. Angular momentum 6. Apply their understanding of mechanics to the standard introductory topics of oscillators and universal gravity 1. Statics 1. Equilibrium 2. Center of gravity 2. Oscillators 1. Simple harmonic motion 1. Spring and a mass 2. Pendula 3. Damped oscillators 4. Forced oscillators 5. Resonance 3. Universal Gravitation 1. Newton's Law of Gravitation 2. Gravitational potential energy 3. Kepler's Laws 1. Historical development 2. Motion of satellites 7. Assess the limitations of physical laws and make mathematical approximations in appropriate situations 1. Physical laws as ideal models 2. Methods of approximation 8. Discuss how physical laws are established and the role of scientific evidence as support 1. Historical development of a sampling of physical laws 2. Use of student-collected data in labs to confirm physical laws 5. Repeatability - Moved to header area. 6. Methods of Evaluation - 1. Weekly assignments 2. Mid-term test 3. Laboratory 4. Final examination 7. Representative Text(s) - Walker, James S. Physics. 4th ed. Prentice Hall, 2008. 8. Disciplines - Physics 9. Method of Instruction - Lecture, Discussion, Cooperative learning exercises, Oral presentations, Laboratory, Demonstration. 10. Lab Content - 1. Lab Student Learning Outcomes 1. compute the size of the random (statistical) errors in measured data. 2. compute the size of the random (statistical) errors in the results of experiments based upon the errors in the measured data. 3. identify the sources of error and their effect upon the results of laboratory experiments. 4. use the available computer facilities to process laboratory data. 5. perform experiments in small groups rather than as individuals. 6. accept or reject a hypothesis based upon evaluation of data. 7. prepare concise and cogent reports of laboratory experiments. 2. Suggested Laboratory Experiments (Most experiments should rely upon data generated by student's measurements of physical phenomena.) 1. Measurements and experimental errors 2. Gravitational acceleration 3. Newton's Second Law of Motion 4. Concurrent forces in equilibrium 5. Uniform circular motion 6. Conservation of energy 7. Collisions and Conservation of Momentum 8. Torque and Center of Mass 9. Hooke's Law and Simple Harmonic Motion 10. Archimedes' Principle 11. Moment of Inertia of a Solid Disk and Ring 12. Experimental Design 11. Honors Description - No longer used. Integrated into main description section. 12. Types and/or Examples of Required Reading, Writing and Outside of Class Assignments - 1. Homework Problems: Homework problems covering subject matter from text and related material ranging from 10 - 40 problems per week. Students will need to employ critical thinking in order to complete assignments. 2. Lecture: Four hours per week of lecture covering subject matter from text and related material. Reading and study of the textbook, related materials and notes. 3. Labs: Students will perform experiments and discuss their results in either the form of a written lab report or via oral examination. Reading and understanding the lab manual prior to class is essential to success. 13. Need/Justification - This course is a required core course for the AS degree in General Studies Science. Course status: Active Last updated: 2015-03-03 11:09:35 Foothill CollegeApproved Course Outlines	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Tinderbox Forum How do I prevent TB to fetch the contents of PDFs when dragging 'n dropping from Devonthink Hi everyone, I’m still fairly new to Tinderbox, so my apologies if there is an very obvious answer for my question - but I could not find one in the forum (or anywhere else): When I drag 'n drop a pdf from Devonthink to TB, how do I prevent Tinderbox to fetch the contents of said pdf stored in Devonthink? I just want TB to create a note with the name of the file and the devonthink-URL stored in $URL. Thanks a lot! You could have the container’s $OnAdd action set the text to “”. Or you could do the same thing with an agent. Or, you could have the container’s $OnAdd action move $URL to a user attribute $DevonThinkURL while clearing $URL itself, thus preventing Tinderbox from importing the text. Or you could just delete the text. Thanks for the quick reply. Somehow setting $Text to “” does not seem to work for me. I’ll add a screenshot so you get an idea what I’ve been trying. This is a very weird feature (standard behaviour), would not expect many people to benefit from it. The DEVONthink text is loaded later (at agent update time), so you’d need to erase the text after it’s imported. Thanks for the reply. This sounds bit cumbersome - imagine having to delete text in twenty articles. I’m sorry to bug you again but isn’t there any way to do this automatically? This is such a weird feature. Right now I’m equally amazed by all customisation TB allows for and confused by all the (felt) complexity necessary to do the easy stuff. I don’t know the exact way you’re setting up the file, but chores like this are exactly what Agents are designed to do. So you just have to figure out the way to specify which items you’d like an agent to work on. For instance you could: • Figure out some step that will happen after the items have been imported from Devon Think, so that whatever step adds material to their $Text field has already happened; • Set up an agent to run on items you’d like to change, with an agent action of $Text="" (which zeroes out the $Text field – or, $Text=; which sets it back to its default value.) That will handle the “erasing” of text. • Depending on the particulars of your data base, you could figure out which items you want the agent to act on in varying ways. For instance, you could have an agent that searched for (a) notes with a particular prototype, or inside a particular container, or containing a certain phrase, or created at a certain date–or anything else that would identify what you’re looking for; and (b) notes whose $Text field is not empty – ie, ones that had some imported text. (The query might read $Text!="" – one of the TB experts can correct me if that’s wrong.) Then the agent would have found the items you want to change – and would change them. Main point is: this should be an easy-to-automate step, once you figure out a way to search for / isolate the items you’d like it to work on. Thanks for the suggestion, this set me on the right path. I found a solution with two prototypes and an agent. After the import from DevonThink a specific prototype is attached to the note. The first agent is looking for notes with this prototype, deletes their content and attaches the other prototype. Done. Btw if you happen to be “the” James Fallows of the Atlantic/China fame: I’m a huge fan of your work and you’re praise for Tinderbox has been one of my main reasons to try it out. Glad that helped! Yes, I am the same one – look forward to seeing you in China (or in England, where I’ll move this summer), and hope TB helps in your work. The agent idea is good. To amplify what Mark B suggested – there is no reason that the DEVONthink x-devonthink-item has to be kept in the built-in $URL attribute. It can be kept in any URL-type attribute. So if you define a URL-type attribute $dtURL (or whatever) and your $OnAdd action on a container, or an agent, does the following $dtURL=$URL;$URL=""; then you’ve flipped the link back to your database into an attribute that Tinderbox will not fetch. You still have the ability to one-click your way back to DEVONthink, but you’ve terminated the fetching feature. Another option is not to drag things from DEVONthink to Tinderbox, but to use one of the numerous built-in or user contributed scripts in DEVONthink to export the metadata (including x-devonthink-item link) to CSV or OPML and export / import a block of notes that way. Visit DEVONthink’s forum to browse the history – a lot of work has been done in the export / import area. Dear all, as a complete newbie on TBX (in fact still waiting for my order to be processed, perhaps it was not the smartest move to place it today :slight_smile: ) I have a workflow where I archieve all my links for presentations as pdf&text in Devonthink. I created a note as prototype, with an action $Text=""; I have the impression this works sometimes. In fact it works when drag/drop single items from devonthink and afterwards the text-field is empty. If I drag more than one (in this testcase 6 items, 1 formatted text, 5 pdf&text with sizes between 1,2KB and 1.7MB) make Tinderbox unusable by showing the beach ball for minutes and again on every click on one of the notes. Ok, this is a MacBook (Retina, 12-inch, Early 2016 1,1 GHz Intel Core m3) for travelling, but clearly the workflow doesn’t work. If I understand the solution given above correctly the idea is to let TBX import the stuff and afterwards delete it with an agent. If what I did is somehow correct that doesn’t even work for a test-sized amount of data, I can not imagine what the result shall be with some serious stuff. Could someone please help me understanding better where my error is, because Rene seems to be satisfied, so obviously there is a working solution. Best regards Mitch It’s not completely clear what you are looking to achieve. I assume (probably incorrectly) that you want to create Tinderbox notes that link to the original document in DEVONthink without importing the contents? Respecting Rene’s suggestion, there is a way without a lot fuss, the simplest way IMO: Copy the item link of the DEVONthink record (Edit > Copy Item Link) then use Paste in an Outline or Map in Tinderbox to create a note whose URL is the link back to the DEVONthink item. This method gets you the Tinderbox note you want, and no contents are imported. Since then I’ve come around using a stamp when dragging & dropping a single pdf from DT to TBX (I also use this stamp when applying the method outlined by @PaulWalters above). I have not found a solution to speed up the import of multiple pdfs (eg to prevent the fetching). Unfortunately, the idea with an $OnAdd action such as: $dtURL=$URL; $URL=; did not work for me. It seems that as soon as you add a file to TBX the big fetching starts. My main machine is a mid-2013 MBA 11", so I definitely feel your pain. Copying the item link and pasting that works like a charm, but unfortunately that solution doesn‘t scale. If you have to do that for hunderds of items it becomes boring pretty fast. Devonthink doesn‘t offer the option IMHO to copy links to more than one item simultaniously. And dragging/dropping more than one item results in notes where the textfield contains the pdf—source—code. in addition every usage of one of those notes with the pdf—content in the textfield makes the pc unasable again for quite some time. The beachball of death being my best buddy… Then use this script. See 2 Likes Thanks, this is really helpful! It would be nice if on the Devonthink side they allowed copying multiple links at a time. I use the on one at a time method to create summary notes that reference documents. Since I’ve been using TBX for many years, I’m very reluctant to embed any media files into the TBX file. The easy way to do it is to select multiple DTP items and then use the contextual menu “Create Table of Contents”. That creates a new note with clickable links. That note can be dragged into a TBX note providing links back to the documents, but as links with the names of files, not the plain URL links. Nicer for some uses. You really should give the above script a try, works great for me. Yes After creating the TOC document in DEVONthink, which is an RTF, I suggest selecting all of its text and changing the List style to “none” so that the contents no longer is indicated with “1.”, “2.”, etc., Then copy and paste the TOC into a Tinderbox note. Afterward, you can explode the note to get a new note for every TOC entry and use a stamp to set $URL=$Text. Note: this stamp will not work. I’ll post one that does, later. If you do not need a lot of notes, then it also works to select a URL in a Tinderbox note and drag the URL into the Outline, which creates a new note with $URL linking back to DEVONthink. Hi Paul, thanks for that great piece of code, works like a charm. In addition, James proposal with “Create table of contents” is a nice shortcut if only the links are needed. Thanks a lot to all of you, great support here for newbies :slight_smile:	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Cluster Map Defragmentation on Windows XP One aspect of volume management is knowing which clusters are free and which ones are used. This is typically something managed solely by the operating system but it is sometimes possible to get a glimpse of how things align. Microsoft published a few interfaces a few years ago that were once considered undocumented. The set of API targets being able to defrag a disk. The cluster map is gathered using FSCTL_GET_VOLUME_BITMAP. A cluster is the most basic unit of the file system. It is defined by what is specified in the boot sector of the volume. Windows apparently always uses a sector size of 512 bytes with the option of different cluster sizes (multiples of the sectors). The two fields in the boot sector are “sectors per cluster” and “sector size”. The boot sector has this information at offset 0x0B for “sector size” (WORD) and offset 0xD for “sectors per cluster” (BYTE). The cluster size typically corresponds to the size of the disk. The larger the disk, the larger the cluster size. My main 250GB drive has a cluster size of 4K. Originally the drives were small enough to have the sector size and cluster size match (512 bytes). Back to FSCTL_GET_VOLUME_BITMAP. When the information is successfully returned from the IOCTL, it reveals the cluster pattern for the volume. The structure returned is VOLUME_BITMAP_BUFFER which is effectively a bitmap of used/free clusters. Each byte in this “Buffer” corresponds 8 clusters. The lowest bit represents the first cluster of that byte. Just today I figured that if you had 64 bytes of bitmap data, it would correspond to 2MB of data with 4K clusters. The actual output of the bytes shows an idea of where the used and free space is concentrated. As expected, most of the early parts of the disk are used while the last parts are usually free. There is also hints of fragmentation since there is gaps between sections of data which probably used to be files. It is actually possible to gather free/used cluster counts from the bitmap by throwing the data through a counter that changes the byte patterns to actual count pairs. I wrote a program that scanned the whole bitmap using each nibble to match against pre-programmed arrays. So, put in 0xF and get back 4 used 0 free. Put in 0x6 and get 2 used and 2 free. You get the idea. Originally I had thought of doing it against the byte but was not looking forward to entering the 256 combinations. I keep on thinking of defrag programs from the past (like Norton) that show the cluster map (from a high level view) and moving files around. Now it seems fairly simplistic given the amount of clusters involved. It also seems a bit risky given the temporary nature of the free/used bitmap. The point there is that the amount of free/used clusters is always changing based on system activity. A snapshot using the IOCTL is just a picture in time and does not guarantee that things are still the same. Even Microsoft recommend to assume that you might not get the free clusters you want for a defrag operation so you better be prepared to try again. The actual information lives inside NTFS in a metadata file called $Bitmap. It is MFT record number 6 (reserved and for all time the same). $Bitmap cannot be directly read from any Windows program since it is only intended for the file system. Obviously Microsoft does not want anyone to change this file. It would play major havoc on Windows most likely. The cluster map in $Bitmap is in theory the basis of what is returned from the IOCTL. However, based on not being able to do both at exactly the same instant means that they could vary. The exception to this would be if you could freeze Windows somehow. Speaking of freezing Windows, the only way to do this successfully is to access the information when nothing is changing. The easiest way is to access the volume when it is not booted from. As long as no running program is changing the non-boot drive, it should be possible to get an accurate snapshot that will stay good over time. Coming from a VHD angle, you could mount the VHD and then use the IOCTL. Or, you could spend a lot of time understanding the NTFS format along with the VHD format to go get the $Bitmap file yourself. Difficult, but entirely possible. Having come to the end of this post, it seems that this topic might be a bit tangential to what most of you might be interested in. Let’s assume that it is really meant for the tinkerers out there that like to know where the disk space is really being used. Please expect a few more words about this area in the coming weeks. Live near Brisbane, Australia. Software developer currently focused on iOS and Android. Avid Google Local Guide Tagged with: , , Posted in NTFS, VHD, Windows Vista, Windows XP One comment on “Cluster Map 1. Krish says: Hii.. I can’t understand the way to find out the free or used cluster from the bitmap buffer retrieved. Thanking you Krish+ Comments are closed. Archives Categories Follow Red Circle Blog on WordPress.com %d bloggers like this:	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Как работать с базами данных или знакомство с компонентом Zend_Db Редко какое веб-приложение обходится без работы с базой данных. Компонент Zend_Db предоставляет удобный интерфейс доступа к SQL базам данных. Он использует ряд адаптеров для соединения с различными базами данных. На полноценную ORM рассчитывать не приходится, да это и не нужно в большинстве случаев, Zend_Db является своего рода конструктором запросов. Разводить холивара на тему того, использовать ли plain sql или ORM, не буду. Лично я сложные запросы предпочитаю записывать в явном виде, а простые можно генерировать, используя тот же самый Zend_Db. Итак, вспомним наш каталог книг, который мы делали при помощи компонента Zend_Session_Namespace. Сессии — это, конечно, хорошо, но все-таки хочется иметь возможность сохранить информацию, чтобы потом в любой момент иметь к ней доступ, а не только во время текущего сеанса 😉 Сначала нам необходимо настроить соединение с базой данных. Идем в application/configs/application.ini и прописываем такие строчки: ;DB settings resources.db.adapter = "pdo_mysql" resources.db.params.host = "localhost" resources.db.params.username = "zf" resources.db.params.password = "s3cr3t" resources.db.params.dbname = "books" resources.db.isDefaultTableAdapter = true resources.db.params.driver_options.1002 = "SET NAMES utf8" В качестве адаптера я выбрал pdo_mysql, имя пользователя — zf, пароль — s3cr3t, имя базы данных — books. Далее необходимо создать базу данных books и выставить привилегии mysqladmin create books -uroot -p mysql -uroot -p -e "grant all privileges on books.* to zf@localhost identified by 's3cr3t'" Создаем таблицу CREATE TABLE `books`.`books` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY , `name` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL , `author` VARCHAR( 100 ) NOT NULL , `description` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL ) ENGINE = InnoDB; Опишем модель books, которая будет манипулировать книгами. class Model_Book { protected $name; protected $author; protected $description; protected $mapper; public function getName() { return $this->name; } public function setName($name) { $this->name = $name; return $this; } public function getAuthor() { return $this->author; } public function setAuthor($author) { $this->author = $author; return $this; } public function getDescription() { return $this->description; } public function setDescription($desc) { $this->description = $desc; return $this; } public function getMapper() { if( null === $this->mapper) { $this->mapper = new Model_BookMapper(); } return $this->mapper; } public function save() { $this->getMapper()->save($this); } public function find($id) { return $this->getMapper()->find($id, $this); } } Для книг имеется три свойства — это название книги (name), автор книги (author) и описание (description). Для них мы определили свои сетеры и гетеры. Еще есть два метода — save и find, которые используют класс маппера для доступа к данным. Используя шаблон Data Mapper, мы как бы абстрагируемся от работы с базой данных и скрываем от модели все взаимодействие с БД. В случае же изменения структуры таблицы, нам просто необходимо будет создать соответствующие свойства в модели и указать для них get и set методы доступа. Класс BookMapper определим пока следующим образом: class Model_BookMapper { public function save(Model_Book $book) { } public function find($id, Model_Book $book) { } } Перейдем пока в контроллер BookController.php class BookController extends Zend_Controller_Action { public function createAction() { $frmBook = new Form_Book(); $frmBook->setMethod('post'); if($this->_request->isPost()) { if($frmBook->isValid($this->_request->getPost())) { $mdlBook = new Model_Book($frmBook->getValues()); $mdlBook->save(); } } $this->view->form = $frmBook; } } Мы получаем данные из формы и передаем их в конструктор объекта Книга, затем просто сохраняем объект. Красиво получается и совсем мало кода, не правда ли?) Но теперь нам нужно определить конструктор объекта, чтобы двумя строчками кода создавать новый объект. // application/models/Book.php public function setOptions(array $options) { $methods = get_class_methods($this); foreach ($options as $key => $value) { $method = 'set' . ucfirst($key); if (in_array($method, $methods)) { $this->$method($value); } } return $this; } public function __construct(array $options = null) { if (is_array($options)) { $this->setOptions($options); } } public function __set($name, $value) { $method = 'set' . $name; if (('mapper' == $name) \|\| !method_exists($this, $method)) { throw new Exception('Invalid book property'); } $this->$method($value); } public function __get($name) { $method = 'get' . $name; if (('mapper' == $name) \|\| !method_exists($this, $method)) { throw new Exception('Invalid book property'); } return $this->$method(); } Теперь осталось реализовать методы в mapper классе. // application/models/BookMapper.php protected $_dbTable; public function setDbTable($dbTable) { if (is_string($dbTable)) { $dbTable = new $dbTable(); } if (!$dbTable instanceof Zend_Db_Table_Abstract) { throw new Exception('Invalid table data gateway provided'); } $this->_dbTable = $dbTable; return $this; } public function getDbTable() { if (null === $this->_dbTable) { $this->setDbTable('Model_DbTable_Book'); } return $this->_dbTable; } public function save(Model_Book $book) { $data = array( 'name' => $book->getName(), 'author' => $book->getAuthor(), 'description' => $book->getDescription() ); if (null === ($id = $book->getId())) { unset($data['id']); $this->getDbTable()->insert($data); } else { $this->getDbTable()->update($data, array('id = ?' => $id)); } } public function find($id, Model_Book $book) { $result = $this->getDbTable()->find($id); if (0 == count($result)) { return; } $row = $result->current(); $book->setId($row->id) ->setName($row->name) ->setAuthor($row->author) ->setDescription($row->description); } Ах да, я забыл про идентификатор записи. Так что в модели Book необходимо добавить: protected $id; public function getId() { return $this->id; } public function setId($id) { $this->id = $id; return $this; } В маппер классе мы используем шлюз Model_DbTable_Book для манипуляции с данными таблицы. В папке models необходимо создать папку DbTable, внутри которой — файл Book.php. class Model_DbTable_Book extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract { protected $_name = 'books'; } Класс Model_DbTable_Book является наследником класса Zend_Db_Table_Abstract, так что методы типа find, insert, update, которые используются в маппер классе уже реализованы. Можно теперь попробовать добавить книгу в базу данных, должно получиться =). Настало время для отображения всех книг, откроем indexAction контроллера Книги. public function indexAction() { $mdlBook = new Model_BookMapper(); $this->view->books = $mdlBook->fetchAll(); } Добавим метод fetchAll в mapper класс public function fetchAll() { $resultSet = $this->getDbTable()->fetchAll(); $entries = array(); foreach ($resultSet as $row) { $book = new Model_Book(); $book->setId($row->id) ->setName($row->name) ->setAuthor($row->author) ->setDescription($row->description); $entries[] = $book; } return $entries; } Создадим view для отображения всех книг <!-- application/views/scripts/book/index.phtml --> <h2>List of all books</h2> <?php if(count($this->books)) { ?> <dl> <?php foreach($this->books as $book) { ?> <dt> <?=$book->name?> \| <small>author: <?=$book->author?></small> \| <a href="/book/update/id/<?=$book->id?>">update</a>  <a href="/book/delete/id/<?=$book->id?>">delete</a> </dt> <dd> <?=$book->description?> </dd> <?php } ?> </dl> <?php } Можно насладиться результатом, открыв страницу /book. На этом, пожалуй, я сегодня закончу. Реализацию методов update и delete оставлю вам в качестве упражнения 😉 Если не получится, задавайте вопросы, с радостью отвечу. На всякий случай прикрепил исходники проекта. Ссылки: Одна мысль о “Как работать с базами данных или знакомство с компонентом Zend_Db • 29 мая 2012 в 7:08 Permalink Кто и где отредактировать этим летом в отпуск , поделитесь информацией. Добавить комментарий Ваш e-mail не будет опубликован. Обязательные поля помечены *	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Why Do Owls Hoot? Humans have a contradictory relationship with owls. Just about everyone has an idea of what owls look like. Ask any child in elementary school if they can draw you an owl, and chances are they won’t have any difficulty drawing you a picture. We see owls as logos and as spokescreatures in television commercials. But if you can ask someone when they last actually saw an owl in the real world, they aren’t likely to be able to give you an answer. Owls are solitary creatures. They are active at night and hide during the day. They operate from the eaves of barns and attics or for dense woodland cover. We almost never see actual owls. But many of us have heard them. The owl’s hoot is every bit as familiar as the owl’s image. And the physical similarities to the human face that make the images of owls so naturally attractive to us all explain the owl’s unique hearing and its unique hoot. An Owl’s Face is Made for Hooting and Hearing Hoots Everything about an owl’s face is designed for hooting. Well, everything about most owls’ faces is made for hooting. There are a few species of owls that don’t hoot. But the owls you will encounter in North America do. Owls Are Farsighted Owls don’t have eyeballs. They have eye tubes. Their eyes make up 3% of their entire body weight. As a result, owls have a great vision for objects in the distance, but everything up close looks fuzzy to them. They have to feel their way around their nests. They have to rely on their hearing as they approach their meals. An owl’s limited near vision makes it highly dependent on its ability to hoot and hear hoots. Owls Can Turn Their Heads As Much As 270 Degrees An owl’s eyes look like they are staring at us, trying to connect to us. Owl can Spin their Head Actually, an owl seems to be looking at us because it can’t move its eyes. It can swivel its head 135 degrees in either direction so it can point its ears to localize even the slightest sound. Owls Have Flattened Facial Disks We’re attracted to owls because they have flat faces as we do, but the shape of an owl’s face has a lot to do with its acute sense of hearing. Owls’ faces around the ears funnel sound into its ears, magnifying the intensity of sound as much as 10 times. Northern owls have a hearing so acute they can hear prey as much as 12 inches (30 cm) beneath the snow. Owls Can Make Sounds Other Than Hoots Owls can make whistles, screeches, whistles, chirps, shrieks, barks, growls, and hisses. But their “language” is hooting. Owls Don’t Interfere with Their Own Powerful Hearing Owls can fly as fast as 40 miles an hour without making a sound. When other kinds of birds fly, air rushing over their wings makes a gushing sound. When an owl flies, the comb-like edges on its feathers muffle the sound of flight. An owl’s feathers break down air turbulence, so it is free to focus on the sounds made by other animals and other owls’ hooting. How Owls Hear Owls’ faces remind us of human faces. Their faces are flat. Their heads are wide and rounded. Their eyes are large, wide-set, and staring, creating the impression that owls are looking at us. And the unique structure of an owl’s face explains how it hoots and how it hears the echoes those hoots send back. Let’s consider what an owl’s face means for the owl. When an owl hears the high-frequency noises made by its prey, say a field mouse, it can swivel its head in the prey’s direction. It can leap off its perch and plunge into the darkness, keeping its head pointed directly at its future catch. Its ears continuously pick up the sounds of its target animal. It only leans its head back and plunges forward with its talon the moment it arrives at its next meal. Experiments with owls in the dark have confirmed that owls don’t see their prey. They don’t smell their prey. They locate their prey by sound. If you were to see a real owl, rather than an artistic depiction of an owl, you would notice that its ears aren’t quite symmetrical. One ear is just a fraction of an inch, a few millimeters, out of alignment with the other. Those tiny differences in the placement of an owl’s ears create a phenomenon known as interaural difference in arrival times. What this term means is that the sound an owl hears in one ear arrives a few milliseconds before or after the sound arrives in the other ear. The placement of an owl’s ears also creates a phenomenon known as interaural (between the ears) level difference. The pressure of the sound waves arriving in one ear is just a tiny fraction of a decibel louder or softer than the pressure of the sound waves arriving in the other. Together, these tiny differences in the way an owl hears through its ears give owls a kind of GPS system. The interaural difference in arrival times tells the owl how far away its prey is in the horizontal direction. The interaural level difference tells the owl whether it is hearing something above it or below it or at the same level. When it takes off in pursuit of its prey, the continuous changes in the two kinds of information it gets through its ears help it zero in on the animal it wants to catch, even as the animal usually is trying to find cover. The two ears of the owl can detect the difference in sound waves that arrive 30 millionths of a second before or after the sound arrives in the owl’s other ear. But what does all of this have to do with hooting? Owls use hoots to communicate with each other. Most of the time, an owl’s attitude is “I want to be left alone.” Owls mostly hunt alone and they mostly live alone. But if owls never got together, there wouldn’t be any baby owls. That doesn’t mean that all hoots are love calls. Owls hoot to warn other owls to stay out of their territory. You don’t threaten an owl. An owl won’t ever hoot at you to keep you out of its territory. Other owls, however, are a threat to owls. Other owls could compete for prey. That’s why when an owl’s amazingly sensitive ears pick up the almost-silent rustlings of another owl’s wings (the listening owl not being heard because it isn’t moving), the owl claiming ownership will hoot to warn the other owl to stay away. Field researchers at the University of New Mexico learned that an owl sitting in a tree can turn its head around so it can triangulate the position of another owl encroaching on its territory. It will fly as far as 200 yards (about 200 meters) to chase a trespassing owl away. These field researchers made the observation when they were at a party of 75 people in the woods, laughing, telling jokes, and cooking over several fires. Dozens of people didn’t get the owl’s attention. But one intruding owl did. Owls will let owls whose hoots they know to pass through their territory unchallenged. The hoots of different owls are as different as the voices of different people when they are studied with spectrographic analysis. They can easily tell one howl’s hoots from another. They can tell whether a hoot is from a mate, a family member, or a strange owl. Hoots Can Also Convey Other Messages Not all hoots have to do with claiming territory. Birdwatchers and ornithologists have identified at least 13 different owl sounds that are used at different times for various purposes. • An aggressive hoot by a male owl to claim its prowess is long, loud, and dramatic. • Owl hoot duets with short hooting sound in a series. The female howl hoots first, and the male owl hoots in reply. These are more common during the early weeks of the mating season. When they are heard later in the year, they mean that the female owl is already mated. • Owls have a short hoot that means “Hello.” It is used to identify an owl they hear approaching. • Owls can make very high-pitched hoots that sound something like “Who hoots for you?” that is answered with a phrase that sounds something like “Who hoots for all?” These phrases can have one note, two notes, or three notes, and they can consist of one or two phrases. • Owls may add mumbles, gurgles, and two-phrased hoots to their duets. Hoots seem to be spontaneous, but ornithologists have confirmed that female owls will begin a duet after a male owl brings her food. From this, ornithologists believe that owls hoot duets more often when the females are laying and brooding eggs. Some owls live to be as much as 25 years old. They probably know a much richer language of hooting than birdwatchers and ornithologists have ever been able to confirm. When Do Owls Hoot? Owls begin to make chirping sounds while they are still inside their eggs. Male owls begin hooting the first winter after they are hatched. Fully mature female owls begin to hoot the next spring. Young owls have to practice making their hoots sound like those of their parents. Owls probably hoot in their first year of adult life to attract mates. Adult owls typically hoot at night. They are loudest right after sunset, and they are boisterous again just before sunrise. Almost all owls are night hunters, so hooting at night is associated with hunting, but owls will also hoot during the day if the sky is dark with storm clouds. The phases of the moon influence how much owls will hoot. Some owls hoot more frequently during the week before the new moon and for a few days after the new moon. This is the darkest part of the month. But there is an owl in Europe and Asia that hoots most frequently during the full moon. Frequently Asked Questions About Owls and Their Hoots Q. Which owl hoots three times? A. Great Horned Owls inform other owls of their territories with soft but deep hoots that sound a little like a stutter, hoo-h’HOO-hoo-hoo. Male and female breeding couples may perform this hoot as an alternating duet. The female will hoot in a noticeably higher pitch than the male. Q. Which owl hoots eight times? A. Barred Owls have a distinctive hoot of eight or nine repeated notes as if they were saying “Who hoots for you? Who hoots for you? Who?” Q. What are the meanings attributed to owls’ hoots? A. In some African cultures, such as the Kikuyu people in Kenya, an owl’s hoot was interpreted as a harbinger of death. If someone heard an owl’s hoot or saw an owl at dawn or dusk, this meant they were going to die soon. This superstition is not unusual in East Africa today. In Mongolia, the hoot of an owl has the exact opposite meaning. It is the sign of a favorable outcome. Genghis Khan was hiding from his enemies when an owl started hooting in the tree above him. His pursuers conclude that no human being could be hidden there and passed by him. In Japan, an owl’s hoot is considered a lucky omen. Owl talismans are popular charms. In Ancient Rome, owls were considered an omen of bad fortune. The historian Pliny recorded that Rome went into chaos after an owl was heard and seen in the Senate chamber. The poet Virgil tells a story of an owl’s screech from the top of the Temple that preceded the death of Alyssa, the first queen and founder of the Phoenician nation. In the Apache and Seminole tribes, the hoot of an owl was considered to be a cry from the dead. In a Winnebago legend, an owl appeared before Glory of the Morning, the female chief of the Hočąk nation. She then died. The Ojibwa people of the northern United States and their counterparts among the First Peoples of Canada regarded an owl’s hoot as a message of evil and death. However, it could also announce the arrival of a human spiritual leader. The Spanish conquistadors of Mexico had a saying, “Cuando el tecolote canta, el indio muere.” When the owl sings, the Indian dies. This is still a Mexican saying. Other articles you may also like:	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Lawmakers move to establish new VA office ordered by Trump \| TheHill Sen. Johnny IsaksonJohn (Johnny) Hardy IsaksonGeorgia senator discharged from hospital after fall Georgia senator hospitalized after fall Senate GOP raises concerns about White House stopgap plan to avoid shutdown MORE (R-Ga.) on Thursday introduced a bill that would legally establish the Department of Veterans Affairs’ (VA) new Office of Accountability and Whistleblower Protection. The bipartisan Accountability and Whistleblower Protection Act “will establish in law this newly created office,” which would allow VA Secretary David Shulkin to more easily dismiss poorly performing employees and protect whistleblowers, according to the bill’s announcement. President Trump late last month signed an executive order to create the office. “When the VA cannot hold bad actors accountable, everyone loses,” Isakson, the Senate Veterans' Affairs Committee chairman, said in the announcement. “Taxpayer dollars are wasted on employees who are not fully committed to helping our veterans. ... this bipartisan measure will help create a culture of accountability at the VA by giving Secretary Shulkin the tools necessary to discipline bad employees in a timely manner while protecting whistleblowers from the threat of retaliation and ensuring the quality of care that our veterans receive at the VA.” The VA has been criticized for years for failing to quickly fire problematic employees. The new bill seeks to change that by increasing the VA’s authority to remove employees at all levels of the department, shortening the removal process and making sure individuals removed are not kept on the VA’s payroll while appealing the decision, the announcement says. The act would also make it easier for the VA to replace lackluster senior executives, require the department to evaluate supervisors based on the protection of whistleblowers, prohibit bonuses to employees who have been found guilty of wrongdoing and prohibit relocation expenses to employees who abuse the system. The bill was co-sponsored by the committee’s top Democrat, Sen. Jon TesterJonathan (Jon) TesterNative American advocates question 2020 Democrats' commitment House Democrats targeting six more Trump districts for 2020 Budget deal sparks scramble to prevent shutdown MORE (Mont.), as well as Sen. Marco RubioMarco Antonio RubioTrump moves forward with F-16 sale to Taiwan opposed by China The Hill's Morning Report — Trump and the new Israel-'squad' controversy Trump crosses new line with Omar, Tlaib, Israel move MORE (R-Fla.). “To fully reform the VA and provide our nation’s veterans with the quality care they were promised and deserve, we must ensure the department can efficiently dismiss employees who are not able or willing to do their jobs,” Rubio said in the announcement. “We must make real changes that put the well-being of our service members before the best interests of bureaucrats.” The bill is part of a series of new legislation attempting to overhaul the long-criticized VA. Isakson last week introduced the Veterans Appeals Improvement and Modernization Act, which seeks to cut years off wait times for veterans appealing an initial decision made by the Veterans Benefits Administration on their claims for VA benefits. View the discussion thread. The Hill 1625 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 \| 202-628-8500 tel \| 202-628-8503 fax The contents of this site are ©2019 Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc.	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
US STOCKS-Wall St set to open higher after strong jobs data; IBM drops * 211,000 jobs added in April vs est. 185,000 * Unemployment rate drops to near 10-year low * IBM tumbles after Buffett cuts stake by a third * Futures up: Dow 9 pts, S&P 5 pts, Nasdaq 12.75 pts (Adds details, comments, updates prices) By Yashaswini Swamynathan May 5 (Reuters) - U.S. stocks were on track to open higher on Friday after a report showed U.S. job growth accelerated sharply last month, pointing to the strength of the labor market and increasing the odds of an interest rate hike next month. However, the markets’ gains are likely to be capped by IBM , whose shares tumbled 3.3 percent premarket after Warren Buffett said he sold about a third of his stake in the technology giant. Nonfarm payrolls rose by 211,000 in April, the Labor Department said, well above the monthly average of 185,000 for this year and a jump from the gain of 79,000 in March. The unemployment rate fell to a near 10-year low. “The market will like this number because there was some concern that the economy was slowing a little bit,” said Michael Arone, chief investment strategist at State Street Global Advisors in Boston. The Federal Reserve was not “giving much credence to some of the slower economic numbers in the first quarter, and this would confirm that view.” The odds of a rate hike in June jumped to 75 percent, from 70 percent before the jobs report, according to Thomson Reuters data. Dow e-minis were up 9 points, or 0.04 percent, with 23,475 contracts changing hands. S&P 500 e-minis were up 5 points, or 0.21 percent, with 126,096 contracts traded. Nasdaq 100 e-minis were up 12.75 points, or 0.23 percent, on volume of 24,377 contracts. Wall Street ended flat on Thursday as a steep fall in oil prices countered some solid earnings reports. Oil prices are trading near five-month lows, triggering demand for safe-haven assets. Gold is likely to remain in favor ahead of the final round of the French presidential election on Sunday. Among stocks, Zynga jumped nearly 11 percent to $3.14 after the creator of FarmVille gave a strong current-quarter bookings forecast. Universal Display surged more than 17 percent to $105.50 after the company’s quarterly revenue blew past analysts’ expectations. VWR Corp slipped 4.4 percent to $32.55 after a private equity firm said it would buy the lab supplies company at a discount to its Thursday’s close. (Reporting by Yashaswini Swamynathan in Bengaluru; Editing by Savio D’Souza)	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Page:Guideforperplexed.djvu/321 have stated several times that it is our primary object in this treatise to expound, as far as possible, the Biblical account of the Creation (Ma'aseh bereshit) and the description of the Divine Chariot (Ma'aseh mercabah) in a manner adapted to the training of those for whom this work is written. We have also stated that these subjects belong to the mysteries of the Law. You are well aware how our Sages blame those who reveal these mysteries, and praise the merits of those who keep them secret, although they are perfectly clear to the philosopher. In this sense they explain the passage, "Her merchandise shall be for them that dwell before the Lord, to eat sufficiently" (Isa. xxiii. 18), which concludes in the original with the words ve-li-mekasseh 'atik, i.e., that these blessings are promised to him who hides things which the Eternal has revealed [to him], viz., the mysteries of the Law (Babyl. Talmud, Pesaḥim 119a). If you have understanding you will comprehend that which our Sages pointed out. They have clearly stated that the Divine Chariot includes matters too deep and too profound for the ordinary intellect. It has been shown that a person favoured by Providence with reason to understand these mysteries is forbidden by the Law to teach them except vivâ voce, and on condition that the pupil possess certain qualifications, and even then only the heads of the sections may be communicated. This has been the cause why the knowledge of this mystery has entirely disappeared from our nation, and nothing has remained of it. This was unavoidable, for the explanation of these mysteries was always communicated vivâ voce, it was never committed to writing. Such being the case, how can I venture to call your attention to such portions of it as may be known, intelligible, and perfectly clear to me? But if, on the other hand, I were to abstain from writing on this subject, according to my knowledge of it, when I die, as I shall inevitably do, that knowledge would die with me, and I would thus inflict great injury on you and all those who are perplexed [by these theological problems]. I would then be guilty of withholding the truth from those to whom it ought to be communicated, and of jealously depriving the heir of his inheritance. I should in either case be guilty of gross misconduct. To give a full explanation of the mystic passages of the Bible is contrary to the Law and to reason; besides, my knowledge of them is based on reasoning, not on divine inspiration [and is therefore not infallible]. I have not received	WIKI
Page:Oregon Geographic Names, third edition.djvu/432 ably for Monkland, Ontario, because several nearby residents had formerly lived in the Canadian town. MONMOUTH, Polk County. The town of Monmouth was named for Monmouth, Illinois. In 1852 a group of citizens of the Illinois community crossed the plains to Oregon, and after spending the first winter at Crowley, five miles north of Rickreall, settled in 1853 near the present site of Monmouth. Members of the party gave 640 acres of land on which to establish the town and a college under the auspices of the Christian Church. The place was surveyed in 1855 by T. H. Hutchinson. The money secured from the sale of lots was devoted to the building of the Christian college, which was known as Monmouth University. At a mass meeting the people selected Monmouth as the name of the new community, in honor of their old home. In 1856 mercantile buildings were erected. The first house was built in 1857. The post office was established February 25, 1859, with Joseph B. V. Butler first postmaster. In 1871, due to the influence of the church, the name of Monmouth University was changed to Christian College. The college underwent vicissitudes due to lack of funds, and was once offered to the state for a state university. In 1882 the Oregon legislature passed a bill creating the Oregon State Normal School at Monmouth, which absorbed the Christian College. The name of the school was later changed to the Oregon College of Education. For information about the names of Monmouth pioneers, see the Oregonian, August 13, 1916. MONON LAKE, Jefferson County. This lake south of Olallie Butte was named by Forest Ranger Joe Graham. The name was selected because it had a pleasing sound. MONROE, Benton County. The town Monroe was started in 1853 on the land of Joseph White, who had built a small sawmill in the neighborhood about 1850. The first post office in the vicinity was Starrs Point. Starrs Point was established April 22, 1852, and was a little north of the present site of Monroe. Starrs Point was named for George Starr who had a store nearby. The name Starrs Point was changed to Monroe on February 2, 1874, for James Monroe, fifth president of the United States. The first postmaster of Starrs Point was Samuel F. Starr. MONTAGUE, Gilliam County. Montague, the name of a locality in Eightmile Canyon about eight miles southeast of Arlington, came from a local family. Montague was at the place where the Oregon Trail crossed this canyon three miles east of Shutler. Montague post office was established April 1, 1911, and was discontinued January 15, 1915. L. C. Montague was the postmaster. MONTAVILLA, Multnomah County. Montavilla at one time was a separate post office, but is now a station of the Portland office. The name Montavilla is a contraction of Mount Tabor Villa. Mount Tabor Villa addition to the city of Portland was platted June 11, 1889. The name was cumbersome and the place was immediately known as Montavilla, and has been ever since. Besides being cumbersome the original name was more or less meaningless. Mount Tabor was taken from the nearby geographic feature. Villa is a Latin word, meaning a county-seat, or sometimes farm buildings. It is also used to refer to a detached suburban residence. The addition of Montavilla, platted July 13, 1904, was named long after the name Montavilla was applied to that part of Portland. MONTE Rico RIDGE, Lane County. This ridge is in the southeast	WIKI
-- Kenya Airways Drops Most in 6 Weeks After Loss: Nairobi Mover Kenya Airways Ltd. (KNAL) , sub-Saharan Africa ’s third-largest airline, dropped the most in more than six weeks after reporting a first-half loss and saying full-year earnings would be reduced by at least 25 percent. The stock fell 3.6 percent to 12 shillings by the close in Nairobi, the biggest decline since Sept. 21. About 437,000 shares, 107 percent of the three-month daily average, were traded. In the six months through September, Kenya Airways made a loss of 4.79 billion shillings ($56 million) compared with a profit of 2.03 billion shillings a year earlier, the company said today. Revenue dropped 9.3 percent to 49.8 billion shillings. The carrier cited lower passenger traffic on some routes, increased costs associated with firing workers and a stronger shilling as all hurting earnings. “We were expecting a loss but the results came in a lot weaker than our estimates,” Nairobi-based Standard Investment Bank said today in an e-mailed note to clients. “While the airline expects to recover in second half, it does not expect this to fully offset the first-half loss.” A program to cut 12 percent of its workforce through early retirement and dismissal will cost 800 million shillings this year, Chief Executive Officer Titus Naikuni said Sept. 6. To contact the reporter on this story: Eric Ombok in Nairobi at eombok@bloomberg.net . To contact the editor responsible for this story: Shaji Mathew at shajimathew@bloomberg.net	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
How to Git rebase origin main Greg Foster Greg Foster Graphite software engineer Rebasing is a process in Git used to apply changes from one branch onto another. It's primarily used to maintain a cleaner, linear project history by rearranging commits. Instead of creating a merge commit, rebasing re-writes the project history by placing commits from one branch to the top of another branch. • Rewriting history: Normally, when you create a new branch from a particular commit, that branch starts with the same commit history as the branch it was created from. However, when you rebase a branch onto another commit, Git effectively "replays" each commit on the branch as if it were created from the new base commit, thus modifying the branch's commit history. • Avoiding merge commits: Rebase is often used to avoid merge commits and keep a linear project history which can simplify debugging and code review. Rebasing onto the main branch (or the primary development branch in your repository) is commonly done in several scenarios to maintain a cleaner commit history and streamline the development process: 1. Integration of feature branches: When you have finished working on a feature branch and are ready to merge it into the main branch, rebasing onto main allows you to incorporate any changes made to main since you branched off. This helps to resolve any potential conflicts early and ensures that your feature branch is based on the most recent codebase. 2. Avoiding merge commits: Rebasing allows you to incorporate changes from the main branch by replaying your commits on top of the latest main commit. This results in a linear commit history without additional merge commits, which can make the commit history cleaner and easier to understand. 3. Syncing with upstream changes: If changes have been made to the main branch by other contributors since you created your feature branch, rebasing onto main allows you to incorporate those changes into your branch. This helps to keep your branch up to date with the latest developments in the project. 4. Maintaining a Linear History: Some development workflows prefer to maintain a linear commit history, where each commit builds upon the previous one without unnecessary merge commits. Rebasing onto main helps to achieve this by incorporating changes from main into your branch in a linear fashion. Here's how you would typically perform a rebase in Git: Before rebasing, you need to fetch the latest changes from the remote repository to ensure you're working with the most up-to-date data. Terminal git fetch origin This command updates your remote-tracking branches under refs/remotes/. To rebase your current branch onto the latest commit from origin/main (or any other branch), you use the git rebase command. This is what it looks like if you're rebasing to the latest main: Terminal git rebase origin/main If there are conflicts during the rebase, Git will stop and allow you to fix the conflicts manually. After resolving each conflict, you need to add the changes with git add, and then continue the rebase process using: Terminal git rebase --continue Repeat this process until all conflicts are resolved and the rebase is complete. For more detailed instructions, see this guide on conflict resolution in Git. If you have already pushed your branch before rebasing and the rebase modifies the branch history, you'll need to force push your changes: Terminal git push origin <your-branch-name> --force Using --force is necessary here because you've altered the commit history, and Git needs to overwrite the previous commits on the remote server. For further reading see the official Git documentation. Stay unblocked. Ship faster. Experience the new developer workflow - create, review, and merge code continuously. Get started with one command. Get started Give your PR workflow an upgrade today Stack easier \| Ship smaller \| Review quicker Or install our CLI. Product Screenshot 1 Product Screenshot 2	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
William Arthur Ward once said, “Real religion is a way of life, not a white cloak to be wrapped around us on the Sabbath and then cast aside into the six-day closet of unconcern. ” Religion is the one thing that people can usually tolerate but never agree upon. Each faith seems to have an ordained assumption that they have the correct thoughts on how to life one’s life or how to think about things or the way to act in certain situations. Still, each religion has its own “sub-religions. If someone refers to Christianity, there are several different religions that are blanketed under that umbrella: Catholic, Baptist, Lutheran, Pentecostal, and Presbyterian are just a handful. The inconsistencies that are associated with everyone’s belief about religion run into deeper ruts of confusion. This confusion leads people to have distorted views as to what they believe and what their religion is all about. This is no different from the feelings about slavery by Christians in Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Throughout the novel, Christianity presents itself in a few different lights; as a twisted and deformed glimmer of what religion is supposed to be with undertones of bigotry and prejudice, an innocent yet naive child that brings joy to everyone he or she meets, and as Uncle Tom himself, the standard for what a Christian is supposed to be. These different portrayals of Christian living come from Stowe’s own beliefs about Christians and brings them into the light.Many people during the time of Harriet Beecher Stowe and even now regard religion as a means of getting out of the requirement of having to go to Hell by being a part of a religion. What these people do not realize is that there is more to just being able to say that they are Christians and getting out of the punishment for their sins. They must be examples of what it is like to be religious and practice it with fervency and commitment. Miss Ophelia was Stowe’s embodiment of these people that are trying to cheat their way out of spiritual punishment.She admits to having feelings of bigotry toward blacks. “I’ve always had a prejudice against negroes [.. . ] and it’s a fact, I never could bear to have that child touch me; but, I didn’t think she knew it” (246). Miss Ophelia’s aversion toward African Americans shows that to be human is to be flawed; however, it is still unchristian to be so. She shows through her inflection as the chapter proceeds that she, in fact, does not like being this way, but she cannot help but have these feelings. Innocence has a strong tie to Christianity.In the Old Testament of the Bible, only the innocent and pure lambs were taken and used as offerings by people to God to take away their sins. Later in the New Testament, Jesus Christ came as a human child into the sinful world of man to grow up and be used as a final, innocent sacrifice for the sins of mankind. This innocence that goes along with Christianity is brought forth through the little girl in the novel, Evangeline St. Clare. She is described as a beautiful child both physically in appearance and spiritually in her devotion to the faith.Her good nature and kindness to those that spend time with her help them to live happy lives and lead some to follow Christ. “It’s jest no use tryin’ to keep Miss Eva here. .. she’s got the Lord’s mark on her forehead” (240). This quote shows that Eva is Stowe’s symbol for a good Christian. She is determined to bring others to Christ, she is unbiased, has no prejudice, loves everyone, cares for people’s feelings, and so on. She does, however, seem to be almost too perfect. This leads the reader to believe that maybe she’s only an idea of what the perfect Christian is and not a person in the story.The most critical figure in the story is, of course, the main character, Uncle Tom. Uncle Tom is described as an extremely religious and kind-hearted man. His virtues go beyond measurable, from a good father with his children, to his heroic demeanor throughout the novel. He could basically be described as a woman disguised as a muscular black man. His most important trait, however, is his undying devotion to his faith in God. Stowe portrays him like a Christ figure in the novel. He converts people through his love for them, his endearment, and finally in his death.Tom is always willing to help. One example is when he saved Eva from drowning. Tom was standing just under her on the lower deck, as she fell. He saw her strike the water, and sink, and was after in a moment. A broad-chested, strong-armed fellow, it was nothing for him to keep afloat in the water, till, in a moment or two, the child rose to the surface, and he caught her in his arms and swinging with her to the side of the boat-side, handed her up, all dripping, to the grasp of hundreds of hands, which, as if they had all belonged to one man, were stretched eagerly out to receive her (145).Tom’s love for others, like Eva, was unmatched by anyone throughout the novel, except maybe Legree. This man was designated “the villain” of the novel by his first interaction with Tom. After basically removing all of his personal possessions and finding Tom’s Bible, he says to Tom, “Well, I’ll soon have that [religion] out of you. I have none o’ yer bawling, praying, singing niggers on my place; so remember. Now, mind yourself [. .. ] I’m your church now! You understand – you’ve got to be as I say” (336).This “new church” would be Tom’s greatest test in the novel. By the end of it, he will have triumphed against it by not giving in to what Simon Legree wanted from him. The beatings tat he received finally killed Tom, but through his death and time there on Legree’s plantation, many people were converted to Christianity or at least were given the thought in the heads that maybe life was not all about cruel work, but about praising God and following in his son’s footsteps.Those that have read Uncle Tom’s Cabin have views about it that are much similar to that of others when it was first written in the 1800s. they think it is a book gushing with racism by Harriet Beecher Stowe, they feel it does not capture the true feelings of what it was like to be an African American slave working on a plantation, and traded a few times only to be beaten and treated unfairly. However, many of these people missed the underlying message of Uncle Tom’s Cabin.It is not just about slavery but about the place for religion in society around the time of the Civil War as well as today. Religion has come a long way since the time of Harriet Beecher Stowe. It has changed its face into so many things, people are too confused to say which one is true and which one is false, which one is worship to a lifeless object or to a deist god that cares nothing for its people. Though the example of Miss Ophelia, we learn that no one is perfect but one must still hold true to the beliefs and values of what his or her religion says.Through Eva, Stowe’s model for the “perfect Christian” was presented in a small, innocent, and na?? ve child that cared for everyone and had a Christian passion for bringing others to her religion. Tom represented the Christ figure that people of the Christian faith strive to imitate in everything they do. His passionate caring for others and strong faith in God made by Stowe toward the reader to help them with a correct way of viewing lie; it is short and people need to make the greatest possible impact on the world, despite the odds. Cite this The Role Of Religion In Uncle Tom’s Cabin Essay The Role Of Religion In Uncle Tom’s Cabin Essay. (2018, Feb 18). Retrieved from https://graduateway.com/role-religion-uncle-toms-cabin/	FINEWEB-EDU
Talk:Tigra Cat Cat (comics) refers to the same character in her brief "life" before becoming Tigra. The pages should be merged. - SoM 16:09, 25 November 2005 (UTC) * I agree, merge.--GingerM 18:35, 28 November 2005 (UTC) * Yes, merge. Main page should be under Tigra, with Cat (comics) giving a redirect. Ocicat 19:30, 28 November 2005 (UTC) Pronounce I was just wondering if anybody was certain about the pronunciation of Tigra. I myself have been saying TEE-gra for years, but my roommate was always TY-gra. Which one is it? --Marq Ed. Hi, I run the Let's Talk Tigra twitter account. I asked Tony Isabella, who co-created her, this, and he said he's always pronounced it TY-gra <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:35, 16 October 2018 (UTC)Dani Problems? re: the "Continuity Problems" section -- is this really necessary? At no point in Tigra's history has it ever been even hinted that she can change into varying forms, so clearly, all of these subtle variations are just the understandable result of a character that's been around for 30 years while still being obscure enough that most artists are fuzzy on the fine details. As-is, it seems misleading to mention this stuff, doubly-so to promote it into its own section. Request Can someone figure out how to smooth out the 'other media' section? Mangaverse doesn't count, it isn't other Media. Plus, there's Tigra's appereance in the Marvel Zombies continuity. But then again, as far as I know what happens, she looks scary, then gets left behind as Susan blinds her. Zombie-Kitty is in Ultimate Fantastic Four #23. Oh well. It's very late, my head hurts and I gotta sleep, otherwise I'd gladly work on Tigra's article any day of the week. 03:48, 10 October 2007 (UTC) * Whoever fixed it, thanks. It seems so simple now that I've seen it. Lots42 11:10, 11 October 2007 (UTC) 100 Sexiest Women? Is the fact that she made this list so notable that it needs to be added to the lead? If it;s relevant, find a section for it, but it seems somewhat arbitrarily shoved in at the top, as a non-sequiter. Killer Moff (talk) 15:45, 3 July 2014 (UTC) TYGRA Why has the section on the Better Publications character Tygra been deleted? I worked very hard on it and feel it should remain. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:14, 12 March 2015 (UTC) Tygra The Golden Age Tygra was named Dr. Ruth Arnold. She and her father were doctors trying to treat an epidemic that had broken out among the native Africaners with whom they were living. To try and treat the epidemic, she flew back to America to obtain a suppy of Autoreme, the wonder drug her childhood friend Ted Grant was working on. He didn't recognize her at first, but willingly gave her a bottle of the stuff; she then flew back to Africa. On her way back to her father's camp, her plane was caught in a storm and crashed in the territory of the Fire People, an aggressive African tribe. Escaping from the wrecked aircraft, Ruth unwittingly drank the little bottle of Autoreme, believing it to be beef extract. She then heard the sound of the Fire People in a glade ahead of her as they tried to capture a lion they believed was their future ruler, the Tawny One. Racing to the scene, Ruth leaped in front of the lion and it attacked her. She hurled the lion away easily and then confronted the Fire People themselves. About to attack, she was stopped when the chieftain realized that she, not the lion, was the Tawny One. Appointed as the tribe's queen, she agreed to rule them as one of them and not lord over them. She then expressed a wish for Ted to come and join her in the jungle. Tygra first appeared in Startling Comics #45. Glammazon (talk) 21:22, 30 November 2016 (UTC) External links modified Hello fellow Wikipedians, I have just modified one external link on Tigra. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes: * Added archive https://archive.is/20120526061017/http://www.marvel.com/news/comicstories.947 to http://www.marvel.com/news/comicstories.947 Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 02:26, 15 December 2017 (UTC) Member of the Fantastic Four? When did Tigra join the FF? Thanks in advance.Rose&Bernard (talk) 07:38, 27 December 2022 (UTC) sus * The Avengers: United They Stand depiction of Tigra appears in Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers, voiced by Liz Cackowski. She is a washed-up actress whose main source of income is convention appearances. As a passerby, whose knowledge of Tigra is faint memory from >40 years ago, I wonder how much of this is vandalism. Experts, heads up. —Tamfang (talk) 02:58, 14 March 2023 (UTC)	WIKI
FAQ's 1.How does the etune process work? Once the tune is purchased, you will receive a confirmation email that has some required info, from there we will get you a base map and start working on the tune from there. With each map that is sent you will be asked to provide specific datalogs which will give us the data we need to correctly dial in your tune. 2. How long does it take to get a base map after purchase. Typically 1-3 business days after purchase the base map will be sent out. Business days are Mon-Fri. 3. Will I have to take datalogs on the stock tune, or my current tune before we can start tuning? Typically the only logs that will be taken, will be on a Freektune map so that we can ensure the proper tune is on the vehicle for your mods. From there we can start dialing in the tune 4. How long does the tune process take? A typical e-tune takes 4-8 revisions, and is normally completed in under 1 month. Some big turbo, and exotic setups may take a few more revision's to get dialed in. 5. What happens if I add or change mods while we are tuning or when we are done tuning? Adding basic mods while tuning will need specific adjustments made and a touch up tune fee will be charged. If adding major mods like upgraded turbo, built motor, a new full tune will need to be purchased. 6. I purchased a vehicle or accessport with one of your tunes on it and I need or would like a tune adjustment. Can I purchase the touch up tune, or adjust LC/FFS option, or would I have to purchase a new tune? You would be required to purchase a new tune. The touch up tune rate, and Adjust LC/FFS feature is for the original purchaser of the tune only. 7. Why are tunes listed as out of stock We try to keep a manageable work load, so if the tune is listed out of stock, we will restock and make them available as we finish up other tunes, which is typically each day 8. Are your tunes load or boost based? We use a hybrid tuning logic, which uses both boost and load as a TQ limiter. In hot temps, boost is typically the limiter, and cold temps, load is the limiter. This keeps your turbo from being over worked in the summer months, and keeps tq limited for safety in the winter months, and is by far the best over all tuning logic for both the Ford and Mazda platforms. 9. What is Knock Retard (ignition correction in Ford's), and should I be concerned Knock retard is when the PCM detects detonation. All internal combustion engines have detonation. Knock retard is the amount of spark advance the PCM removes to stay below the detonation threshold. The PCM is very fast at detecting knock and I keep the knock sensor set at the most sensitive settings. I also have it set to pull twice as much timing as knock is detected. so when you see kr of 2.0. then PCM was only needing to pull 1* of timing. In the stock PCM logic, vehicles constantly push to the point of sensing knock, as this is where you can safely run the most amount of spark advance. Doing this provides the best amount of power and fuel economy as that is where the engine is most efficient for the fuel that is being burned. It is common too see kr at part throttle and it serves as no harm as long as the engine isn't heavily loaded. If you are cruising and happen to glance at the AP and a high number is registered on the high/low of the AP, it is generally noise picked up by the knock sensor and of no concern. A general rule of thumb is kr of up to 2.0 is perfectly acceptable at wot (wide open throttle/heavy load), but you want it as clean as possible. 10. What Spark plugs should I run? The best answer for this is to read your spark plugs. However if you are stock or moderately modded, or do mostly street driving, you will want to use stock heat range plugs. If you are heavily modded or making more than 75hp over stock when tuned you will want one step colder (NGK6510 for Mazdas, Ford ecoboost) NGK is the recommended spark plug brand of Freektune. They provide the most consistent results. 11. What is the difference between the OTS plus map and a full tune. The OTS plus map is a custom base map and a single revision to get the tune touched up beyond the base map. The full custom tune is a custom base map several revisions to get the car 100% dialed in for your current mods. How much is the tune? All prices for the vehicles we tune are on the website. Simply select your vehicle, from at the top of the web page, then from drop down menu select etune or dyno tune. All up to date pricing will be listed for each vehicle, and desired tune. How do I contact Freektune Do not contact unless you have read the questions listed above. If it is a question listed above we will send the link back to this page. Email is best method of contact - Freektune@gmail.com • Visa • MasterCard • Amex • Discover • PayPal	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
BRIEF-Solon Eiendom says chairman of board Simen Thorsen bought 32,289 shares in Solon Eiendom at NOK 18.9182 per share June 8 (Reuters) - Solon Eiendom Asa * Solon Eiendom - chairman of board Simen Thorsen (through his wholly owned company Hortulan AS) bought 32,289 shares in Solon Eiendom at NOK 18.9182 per share * Solon Eiendom - following transaction Simen Thorsen through Hortulan AS holds 13.2 million shares, equalling 27.09% of total share capital, votes of co Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Bengaluru Newsroom)	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Adding comment into function breaks get-help parameter output Hey there, Hope someone can help me with this one. I have the following code Function Get-xos{ [CmdletBinding()] Param ( [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, ValueFromPipeline=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, HelpMessage= 'One or more computer names')] [Alias('Host')] [String[]]$ComputerName ) Begin{} Process { ForEach($c in $ComputerName) { $os = Get-WmiObject -ComputerName $c -Class Win32_OperatingSystem $Prop = [ordered]@{ “OSVersion” = $os.Version “OSBuild” = $os.BuildNumber } $Obj=New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property $Prop Write-Output $obj } } End{} } when i then run get-help Get-xos -Parameter computername i get the following output -ComputerName <string> One or more computer names Required? true Position? 0 Accept pipeline input? true (ByValue, ByPropertyName) Parameter set name (All) Aliases Host Dynamic? false exactly what i want and as expected. But if i then add a comment to the function Function Get-xos{ <# .DESCRIPTION Get OS version information #> and run the same command, i get the following output defaultValue : parameterValue : String name : ComputerName type : @{name=String} required : true globbing : false pipelineInput : true (ByValue, ByPropertyName) position : 1 what am I doing wrong. I want to create a ps1 file with multiple functions, and add comments , a description to each function. I have also tried to add the comment block right above the function, but that does not make a difference. Any help is appreciated. Alex Looks like maybe the engine doesn’t bother displaying the HelpMessage property if you have a comment-based help block. There are two ways you can get this working (depending on your personal preference). You can add a .PARAMETER item to your comment-based help block, or you can put in-line comments in the param block itself. Here are examples of both: Function Get-xos{ <# .DESCRIPTION Get OS version information .PARAMETER ComputerName One or more computer names #> [CmdletBinding()] Param ( [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, ValueFromPipeline=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true)] [Alias('Host')] [String[]]$ComputerName ) # ... etc } Function Get-xos{ <# .DESCRIPTION Get OS version information #> [CmdletBinding()] Param ( # One or more computer names [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, ValueFromPipeline=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true)] [Alias('Host')] [String[]]$ComputerName ) # ... etc }	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
#!/usr/bin/perl -w # use strict; use English; # if ( $#ARGV > 1 or $#ARGV < 0 ) { print "Usage: $0 [ path to packages ] list_file \n"; exit 1; } my($ppath, $spath, $spath1, $spath2, $filename, $record, $rname, $dname); my($iversion, $version, $package, $available, $status, $check1, $check2); my($command, $i, $f); my(@hold, @lst); if ( $#ARGV < 1 ) { $ppath=`pwd`; chomp $ppath; $filename=$ARGV[0]; } else { $ppath=$ARGV[0]; $filename=$ARGV[1]; } # open (INPUTFILE, "<$filename") or die "Can't open $filename\n"; # while ($record = ) { chomp $record; @lst=split(/ /, $record); if ("$lst[0]" ne "#") { if ("$lst[0]" eq "-i") { $rname=$lst[$#lst]; $spath1=join('',$ppath,$lst[$#lst - 1],$rname,"-"); $spath2=join('',$ppath,$lst[$#lst - 1],$rname,"_"); system ("echo 'Preparing to install $rname.'"); # # find the available package in the archive # $spath=$spath2; @hold=`ls $spath.deb`; if ("$hold[0]" eq "") { $spath=$spath1; @hold=`ls $spath.deb`; } $available=$hold[0]; chomp $available; # # get internal package name (sometimes external and internal names differ) # $command="dpkg -I $spath.deb 2> /dev/null \|gawk 'tolower("; $command=$command . '$1' . ") ~ /kage:/ {print " . '$2' . "}'"; $dname=`$command`; chomp $dname; # # get internal package version # $command="dpkg -I $spath.deb 2> /dev/null \|gawk 'tolower("; $command=$command . '$1' . ") ~ /rsion:/ {print " . '$2' . "}'"; $iversion=`$command`; chomp $iversion; # # get version of installed package # $command="dpkg -s $dname 2> /dev/null \|gawk 'tolower("; $command=$command . '$1' . ") ~ /rsion:/ {print " . '$2' . "}'"; $version=`$command`; chomp $version; $command="dpkg -s $dname 2> /dev/null \|gawk 'tolower("; $command=$command . '$1' . ") ~ /atus:/ {print " . '$NF' . "}'"; $status=`$command`; chomp $status; $check1=join('',$spath1,$version,".deb"); $check2=join('',$spath2,$version,".deb"); if( ($check1 eq $available) and ("$status" eq "installed") ) { $package="$rname" . "-" . "$version"; system ("echo 'Package $package is already installed.'"); } elsif( ($check2 eq $available) and ("$status" eq "installed") ) { $package="$rname" . "_" . "$version"; system ("echo 'Package $package is already installed.'"); } else { system("dpkg --compare-versions $version gt $iversion 2> /dev/null"); if ( "$CHILD_ERROR" eq "0" ) { system ("echo 'You are attempting to downgrade this package'"); system ("echo 'Do you wish to downgrade? [Y/N]'"); $f=; chomp $f; } else { $f="Y" } if ( ("$f" eq "Y") or ("$f" eq "y") ) { $command="dpkg "; for ($i = 0; $i < $#lst - 1; $i++) { $command=$command . $lst[$i] . " "; } $command=$command . $available; system("echo '$command'"); system($command); if ( "$CHILD_ERROR" eq "256" ) { exit 1; } } } } elsif ( "$lst[0]" eq "--purge" ) { system ("echo 'Preparing to purge $lst[$#lst].'"); $command="dpkg -s $lst[$#lst] \|gawk '/Status:/ {print " . '$NF' . "}'"; $status=`$command`; chomp $status; if ("$status" eq "not-installed") { system ("echo 'Cannot purge $lst[$#lst]. It is not installed.'"); } else { $command="dpkg "; for ($i = 0; $i < $#lst+1; $i++) {$command=$command . $lst[$i] . " ";} system("echo '$command'"); system($command); if ( "$CHILD_ERROR" eq "256" ) { exit 1; } } } else { system ("echo 'Executing requested dpkg command.'"); $command="dpkg "; for ($i = 0; $i < $#lst + 1; $i++) { $command=$command . $lst[$i] . " "; } system("echo '$command'"); system($command); if ( "$CHILD_ERROR" eq "256" ) { exit 1; } } } } close INPUTFILE; system ("echo '$0 from file: $filename is complete.'"); exit 0;	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Ancient Bit of Rock May Alter Theories Of Earth's History Geologists identify grain-size crystal from western Australia as oldest piece of Earth yet discovered; find may lead scientists to reconsider theories about when life first appeared on planet, as well as origin of Moon; discovery is described in journal Nature; geologists say crystal--transparent pink speck of zircon as wide as strand of human hair--crystallized 4.4 billion years ago, when Earth was mere 150 million years old; oldest known rocks on Earth are 4 billion years old; newly analyzed zircon sample provides evidence that Earth was considerably less hot at that early stage of its development than previously thought--and even possessed oceans and continents much like those today (M)	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Page:Immigration and the Commissioners of Emigration of the state of New York.djvu/54 40 It is in the interest of humanity that in future the Emigrant Courts, proposed by Secretary Fish, shall have exclusive control and power in all matters connected with the well-being of the emigrants.	WIKI
Role-playing game creation software Role-playing game creation software is a game creation system (software program) intended to make it easy for non-programmers to create a role-playing video game. The target audience for most of these products is artists and creative types who have the imaginative abilities to assemble the elements of a game (artwork, plotline, music, etc.) but lack the technical skill to program it themselves. RPG Maker The most famous RPG maker is the commercial Japanese RPG Maker series that has been released since 1988 for many systems ranging from the PC-8801, MSX, PC-9801, and Microsoft Windows, to the Super Famicom, PlayStation, Game Boy Color, PlayStation 2, and Cellphones. Other role-playing game creation software While not an RPG maker per se, the Worldforge game engine is intended for creating MMORPGs.	WIKI
User:Fritzwayne == My name is Aldwin.I like reading Wikipedia a lot because ( do i have to say it? ) :) well, it's a free encyclopedia, that's why. == I really like to contribute something about my hometown in Leyte but just dont know how.. (To be or not to be. )	WIKI
Page:The Green Bag (1889–1914), Volume 20.pdf/586 ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE between litigants. So far as the litigant is concerned, one appeal is all that he should be entitled to. The community at large is not interested in his having more than one. The function of the court of last resort should not primarily be for the purpose of securing a second review or appeal to the particular litigants whose case is carried to that court. It is true that the court can only act in concrete cases between par ticular litigants, and so incidentally it does furnish another review to the litigants, in. that case; but the real reason for grant ing the review should be to enable the Supreme Court to lay down general prin ciples of law for the benefit and guidance of the community at large. Therefore, the appellate jurisdiction of the court of last resort should be limited to those cases which are typical and which give to it in its judgment an opportunity to cover the whole field of the law. This may be done by limiting the cases within its cognizance to those involving a large sum of money, or to the construction of the Constitution of the United States, or the States, or their statutes. The great body of the litigation which it is important to dispose of, to end the particular controversies, should be con fined to the courts of first instance and the intermediate appellate courts. It is better that the cases be all decided promptly, even if a few are wrongly decided. In our supreme courts the business is disposed of with perhaps as great prompt ness as is consistent with the purpose of their jurisdiction. The criticism that courts of last resort are too much given to techni cality has, I believe, some merit in it. Codes might be drawn, however, giving the courts of review more discretion in this matter than they now have by requiring the party complaining of an error in the trial court to show affirmatively that the result would have been different if the error had not been committed. The difference in importance between an error in the hurlyburly of the actual trial and in the calm of 445 a court of review under the urgent argument of counsel for plaintiff in error and the microscopic vision of an analytical but technical mind on the supreme bench is very great. The complaints that the courts are made for the rich and not for the poor have no foundation in fact in the attitude of the courts upon the merits of any controversy which may come before them, for the judges of this country are as free from prejudice in this respect as it is possible to be. But the inevitable effect of the delays incident to the machinery now required in the settlement of controversies in judicial tribunals is to oppress and put at a disadvantage the poor litigant and give great advantage to his wealthy opponent. I do not mean to say that it is possible, humanly speaking, to put them on an exact equality in regard to litigation; but it is certainly possible to reduce greatly the disadvantage under which the man of little means labors in vindicating or defending his rights in court under the existing system, and courts and legislatures could devote themselves to no higher purpose than the elimination from the present system of those of its provisions which tend to prolong the time in which judicial controversies are disposed of. The shortening of the time will reduce the expense because, first, the fees of the lawyers must be less if the time taken is not so great; second, the incidental court fees and costs would be less. Again, I believe that a great reform might be effected, certainly in the federal courts, and I think too in the state courts, by a mandatory reduction of the court costs and fees. In the interest of public economy we have generally adopted a fee system by which the officers of the courts are paid. Human nature has operated as it might have been expected to operate, and the court officers, the clerk and the marshal, have not failed, especially in the federal courts, to make the litigation as expensive as possible, with a view to making certain the	WIKI
English-Pinyin/A computer is a "box" that you put some "stuff" in A computer is a "box" that you put some "stuff" in, the box does "stuff" with it, and then the box has some way of showing the world what it's done. Jìsuànjī shì yīgè “hézi”, nǐ bǎ yīxiē “dōngxī” fàng jìnqù, hézi lǐmiàn yǒu “dōngxī”, ránhòu hézi yǒu bànfǎ xiàng shìjiè zhǎnshì tā zuòle shénme.	WIKI
Murray Brown (umpire) Murray Brown (born 16 September 1966) was a South African cricket umpire. He has stood in matches in the Sunfoil Series tournament. He is part of Cricket South Africa's umpire panel for first-class matches.	WIKI
Matrix From ArchWiki Jump to navigation Jump to search Matrix is an ambitious new ecosystem for open federated instant messaging and VoIP. It consists of servers, clients and bridge software to connect to existing messaging solutions like IRC. Installation The reference server implementation Synapse is available in the community repository as matrix-synapse. The community package creates a synapse user. Configuration After installation, a configuration file needs to be generated. It should be readable by the synapse user: $ cd /etc/synapse $ sudo -u synapse python -m synapse.app.homeserver \ --server-name my.domain.name \ --config-path /etc/synapse/homeserver.yaml \ --generate-config \ --report-stats=yes Note that this will generate corresponding SSL keys and self-signed certificates for the specified server name. You have to regenerate those if you change the server name. Service A systemd service named synapse.service will be installed by the matrix-synapse package. It will start the synapse server as user synapse and use the configuration file /etc/synapse/homeserver.yaml. User management You need at least one user on your fresh synapse server. You may create one as your normal non-root user with the command $ register_new_matrix_user -c /etc/synapse/homeserver.yaml http://127.0.0.1:8008 or using one of the matrix clients, for example riot-desktop, or the purple-matrix-gitAUR plug-in for libpurple. Spider Webcrawler To enable the webcrawler, for server generated link previews, the additional packages python-lxml and python-netaddr have to be installed. After that the config option url_preview_enabled: True can be set in your homeserver.yaml. To prevent the synapse server from issuing arbitrary GET requests to internal hosts the url_preview_ip_range_blacklist: has to be set. Warning: There are no defaults! By default the synapse server can crawl all your internal hosts. There are some examples that can be uncommented. Add your local IP ranges to that list to prevent the synapse server from trying to crawl them. After changing the homeserver.yaml the service has to be restarted.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Asthma and humidity Asthma and humidityThere is much evidence pointing to exercise and colder weather bringing on the asthma attacks however, less evidence is present for warmer humid weather triggering the attacks. Yet, they happen according to Carol Ann Kuczma, who is the director of programs and services at the American Respiratory Alliance of Western Pennsylvania. When the humidity is at 72 and temperatures are rising in the 90’s it has a lot of asthmatics gasping for air. However, when you think about it, imagine anybody out in this kind of heat like that, paving roofs or sidewalks or any kind of physical work. Now think about an asthmatic who already has respiratory problems. People with asthma have a hard enough time getting air into their lungs because of collapsed airways as it is. Intense heat and humidity makes it that much harder. Now you need to look at the quality of the air with the asthmatic predisposition of having airborne irritants causing bronchospasms. Increase heat also adds ozone, nitrogen oxide, and other allergens and pollution into the air including mold, and all these allergens are triggers for people suffering from asthma and allergies at large. According to Dr. Andrej Petrov, who is the assistance professor of medicine for Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine located at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, states that when the mold count is high the reports of asthma attacks go up. Even though not much research has been done to collaborate the reports, Dr. Petrov maintains the asthma attacks are on the rise during these weather conditions. Asthma and humidityIn addition, heat will cause the body metabolism to increase and that makes the body require more energy and even more oxygen to function, again a problem for asthma sufferers who are already having problems with getting enough oxygen as it is. Furthermore, the humidity will also make it harder to lower the body’s core temperature, which had risen because of the heat and so the body works longer and harder and again must require more oxygen. This again puts people with respiratory problems at a greater risk for asthma attacks. However, that is only the case for asthmatics with mild to moderate symptoms, which are not properly controlled. Dr. Petrov is still waiting for a study to confine that heat and humidity do trigger asthma attacks. The question needs to be answered. On the other hand, Dr. David Nash, assistant professor of asthma, allergy and immunology at Children’s Hospital, is open to new research on this important topic but he too has not seen any solid evidence that heat and humidity are triggers to date. He states that extreme temperatures are very hard on people suffering from asthma but the exact reasons for this is still unknown. Asthma and humidity Academics may buy this conclusion, but people who are suffering from asthma do not. They identity with weather changes and they tell their primary physicians says allergist, Dr. Ritu Pabby, who works for the Allegheny General Hospital. Dr. Pabby says cold, heat, dry air, and humidity are all triggers for her asthmatic patients. The good news according to Dr. Petrov, is that if asthmatics take proper care of themselves and take their medication, they can still excel in sports such as football in this kind of weather, just like Jerome Bettis. For the rest of asthma sufferers who are also troubled by the heat and humidity it is best to stay in doors as much as possible. Drink a lot of water and turn the air conditioner on. You will be much cooler and more comfortable in the long run. However, if you have to go out you will experience that heat and humidity that hits all of us as we leave a nice cool environment to face the heat, which feels like entering an oven outdoors. Related Articles	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Monthly 288 pp. per issue 6 x 9, illustrated ISSN 0899-7667 E-ISSN 1530-888X 2014 Impact factor: 2.21 Neural Computation September 2019, Vol. 31, No. 9, Pages 1874-1890 (doi: 10.1162/neco_a_01216) © 2019 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Hidden Markov Models Predict the Future Choice Better Than a PSTH-Based Method Article PDF (418.11 KB) Abstract Beyond average firing rate, other measurable signals of neuronal activity are fundamental to an understanding of behavior. Recently, hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been applied to neural recordings and have described how neuronal ensembles process information by going through sequences of different states. Such collective dynamics are impossible to capture by just looking at the average firing rate. To estimate how well HMMs can decode information contained in single trials, we compared HMMs with a recently developed classification method based on the peristimulus time histogram (PSTH). The accuracy of the two methods was tested by using the activity of prefrontal neurons recorded while two monkeys were engaged in a strategy task. In this task, the monkeys had to select one of three spatial targets based on an instruction cue and on their previous choice. We show that by using the single trial's neural activity in a period preceding action execution, both models were able to classify the monkeys' choice with an accuracy higher than by chance. Moreover, the HMM was significantly more accurate than the PSTH-based method, even in cases in which the HMM performance was low, although always above chance. Furthermore, the accuracy of both methods was related to the number of neurons exhibiting spatial selectivity within an experimental session. Overall, our study shows that neural activity is better described when not only the mean activity of individual neurons is considered and that therefore, the study of other signals rather than only the average firing rate is fundamental to an understanding of the dynamics of neuronal ensembles.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
• C Search I am trying to write a little application that retrieves data by using only string matching technique.....almost always it returns a lot of junk data which are not relevant ...however it matched the search string ....similar to internet search engines......now the problem is that relevant data gets buried in too much irrelevant data and the user will need to spend too much time trying to find the relevant data.......... Can someone suggest any other way of search which is not based on pure string matching? Any links to other web sites which deals with this subject or published papers in this subject will be highly appreciated......... keerAsked: Who is Participating? braveheartConnect With a Mentor Commented: Most web search engines have the ability to search on several strings, combining them with AND, OR, NOT and () to make a more sophisticated search. You might also include a date range if this is appropriate. Another "filter" you could add would be to restrict the sites/documents that you search, so for a web engine you might automatically filter out anything from aol or hotmail. 0 julio011597Commented: And, ranking the result set is considered the opposite approach. Most search engines, actually, work on a mix of the two approaches. BTW, whichever the way, they all work based on pure string-matching... i agree with you, this is not satisfactory, but it is the "state of the art", i.e. the rest is research. 0 Question has a verified solution. Are you are experiencing a similar issue? Get a personalized answer when you ask a related question. Have a better answer? Share it in a comment. All Courses From novice to tech pro — start learning today.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
#!/bin/bash #__version_info__ = ('0', '20', '0dev6') current=`grep -P "__version_info__ = $\'\d+\', \'\d+\', \'\d+(\w)\'$" src/sakia/__init__.py \| grep -oP "\'\d+\', \'\d+\', \'\d+(\w)\'"` echo "Current version: $current" if [[ $1 =~ ^[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+[0-9A-Za-z]$ ]]; then IFS='.' read -r -a array <<< "$1" sed -i "s/__version_info__\ = ($current)/__version_info__ = ('${array[0]}', '${array[1]}', '${array[2]}')/g" src/sakia/__init__.py sed -i "s/#define MyAppVerStr ./#define MyAppVerStr \"$1\"/g" ci/appveyor/sakia.iss sed -i "s/Version: ./Version: $1/g" ci/travis/debian/DEBIAN/control sed -i "s/Version=./Version=$1/g" res/linux/usr/share/applications/sakia.desktop git commit src/sakia/__init__.py ci/appveyor/sakia.iss ci/travis/debian/DEBIAN/control res/linux/usr/share/applications/sakia.desktop -m "$1" git tag "$1" -a -m "$1" else echo "Wrong version format" fi	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Talk:Al Green Untitled I question reference #6. The link is fake and should be removed. It's inappropriate as well. Unfortunately, I don't have the privileges to remove it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:40, 15 May 2009 (UTC) "Chart" rankings I question the listing of "chart rankings" in this entry. No source is given for the information; we don't know which "charts" they were, whether R&B, gospel, pop, and whether radio or album sales. It is well known Al Green had major hits without listing his "chart rankings"; even today his well known songs are heard on classic oldies radio. Aside from that, "sales" figures are not the only reason to include an artist here; they can have historical significance in a genre or artistic influence on other artists from their work, among other reasons. It's nice someone tried to find that information out and include it though. -Bebop * I agree, it seems out of place on this article. When someone makes an article on an album individually I think it's relevant information, but it's not necessary to point out on a discography. Sarge Baldy 03:48, Dec 9, 2004 (UTC) I respectively disagree, although i agree that its relevant info if its on an album page but the article encompasses not only Al Green's personal but his musical personality so its natural to put the discography and singles. If you're the occasional browser its nice just to see some of his hit singles and his discography. Somebody put a lot of work into listing the discography and singles and it only helps the reader better understand Al Green, if you were to take it out you would know less about him and the article is technically designed so you can learn as much as you want to know on Al Green, if you dont' want to know the discography, just don't read it. I'm glad we can all talk peacefully about this on this discussion page and hopefully we'll cross paths again sometime under complete agreement. Sincerely Patman2648 \| talk Dec 10, 2004 (UTC) Whistle register Now, I love Al Green, and I know he has a rangy voice, but nothing that I have ever from him suggests notes high above the staff. Antares33712 20:41, 1 March 2006 (UTC) * I assume, then, that you're familiar with the song that I'm talking about ("I Can't Get Next To You"). It seems to be an exceptionally high pitch that he hits at the end, but like I said, I'm not knowledgable about the subject of whistle register, so there's a good chance I'm totally wrong. Thebogusman 22:04, 1 March 2006 (UTC) * That note sounds like D7 but its really D6. He has a really sharp falsetto. Most falsetto's have the ability to go higher. Mine can reach F6 or G6 at the highest. The whistle register starts at E6. Philip Bailey from Earth Wind and Fire usually sings his highest live which if you listen to Devotion live, he hits E6. He is famous for recording alot of C6's. It is one thing to hit a note but usually highest notes are harder to hold. Al Green held that D6 pretty good. I'm sure he can easily hit E6 and above. It's fairly easy to hit E6 in falsetto since most males can sing C6 in it. And aren't that far apart(C6,C#6,D6,Eb6,E6...)Myke 06:47, 12 April 2006 (UTC) He actually hits a D7 in that song. It really is a D7. Falsetto singing Since this technique is so central to Green's art, I'm kind of surprised there is no mention of Claude Jeter of the Swan Silvertones, whose falsetto Green said was one of his biggest singing influences. Jeter was one of later and most famous in a line of gospel falsetto specialist that an article in The Believer Magazine traced back to a tenor named Homer Quincy Smith, and which included Billy Williams as well. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:00, 5 September 2012 (UTC) Move I think basically anyone coming to Al Green is looking for the musician rather than the politician. If anyone seriously disagrees, feel free to here. But I think the disambiguation page was completely unnecessary. Sarge Baldy 20:36, 16 June 2006 (UTC) * Just got here so I didn't realize any prior controversy. I've changed the dab link to Al Green (politician) to its actual name for clarity. --hydnjo talk 18:57, 17 June 2006 (UTC) * Sounds good. Sarge Baldy 19:34, 17 June 2006 (UTC) Miles Davis' legendary quote Still searching for a source for a fan's quote I'd heard, back in the 1970s, and attributed to the late jazz trumpet player, Miles Davis. Davis was such a big fan of Green's music he'd supposedly wisecracked "If Al Green had tits, I'd marry him." Walter Dufresne 16:28, 19 April 2007 (UTC) * I'd second that. Just in case you're reading this Al, I'm in the book. Maikel (talk) 09:41, 16 February 2008 (UTC) Severity of burning The "Return to Faith" section says a Mary Woodson's attack on Green with a pot of hot grits caused third-degree burning to Green's back. The article about third-degree burns (as well as my recollection from the Boy Scout first-aid manual) says third-degree burns include charring of the skin. I don't see how hot grits, even actively boiling ones, which the ones in question could hardly have been, could char skin. My point in raising this issue is to suggest that maybe an Unreferenced\|date=January 2008 tag should be added to this section of the article; I don't pretend to be able to diagnose the severity of a burn I never examined, but if there's a source that substantiates that it was third degree, it would be well to include it in the article. Mark Sheehan (talk) 20:09, 23 January 2008 (UTC) I'm also not a burn expert, but I don't see anything at Burn that requires charring for a burn to be classified as third-degree - it seems to mostly be about depth of the burn. Indeed, the famous Liebeck_v._McDonald%27s_Restaurants case involved third-degree burns from coffee, so it seems reasonable that hot grits could do the same. Kenahoo (talk) 03:10, 15 February 2021 (UTC) Tonight Show, March 5, 2012 Michelle Obama said that her husband likes to sing Al Green songs, according to this show, which is still going on. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:04, 6 March 2012 (UTC) * ahem, still being broadcasted. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:05, 6 March 2012 (UTC) * This is trivial and should not be included. Regards.-- GoP T C N 09:08, 6 March 2012 (UTC)	WIKI
Reputation 39,199 Next tag badge: 382/400 score 153/80 answers Badges 16 99 197 Impact ~4.8m people reached Nov 9 answered Debian post installation triggers often make my system unusable! Is there something I can do? Nov 9 revised Debian post installation triggers often make my system unusable! Is there something I can do? added 100 characters in body Nov 9 comment Debian post installation triggers often make my system unusable! Is there something I can do? I just removed it lol. I'll have to wait till it reinstalls to launch epiphany and get the link to the error back. Nov 9 asked Debian post installation triggers often make my system unusable! Is there something I can do? Nov 8 comment How to stop typing break from interrupting VLC? I think you might have found a bug, so maybe you might want to report it. Nov 8 answered Lenovo Z360 sometimes doesn't suspend, freezing up completely Nov 8 comment How can I relabel my flash drive? the disk utility answer is the safest ;) Nov 8 answered Will Canonical be dumping a standard file manager for non-root users in coming releases? Nov 8 comment gnome-settings-daemon doesn't apply themes, unless I kill it and start it manually if you try to rm -rf ~/.gvfs does it allow you to remove it? Nov 8 comment Display Lag after installing Driver sorry, updated my answer (jockey, not jokey oops!) and menu entry) Nov 8 revised Display Lag after installing Driver added 44 characters in body Nov 8 comment gnome-settings-daemon doesn't apply themes, unless I kill it and start it manually anyone know what this is? "Unable to find a synaptics device." looks like it's trying to find a touchpad! Nov 8 comment gnome-settings-daemon doesn't apply themes, unless I kill it and start it manually It's beginning to sound like you need to try reinstalling gnome-settings-daemon, or see if uninstalling the nvidia driver makes the problem go away. Nov 8 revised Banshee crashes while rescaning the library added 135 characters in body; added 3 characters in body Nov 8 answered Display Lag after installing Driver Nov 8 comment How to stop constantly blinking Wifi LED? that's actually how it's supposed to work on most systems though. Nov 8 answered Banshee crashes while rescaning the library Nov 7 answered How do I set environment variables in an Emacs session launched from Gnome Panel? Nov 7 comment Banshee with enabled ClutterFlow plugin crashes have you tried the newest version of the plugin? it has shaders disabled and should work much better now. Nov 7 comment How to convert MPG4 video? have you installed ubuntu-restricted-extras/addons? tried avidemux? handbrake? vlc?	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Talk:New York Coliseum (1928) Could someone explain why this article was moved from Bronx Coliseum? Could someone explain why this article was moved from Bronx Coliseum? I am not able to find an explanation nor a discussion to move the article. And why was the lead sentence in the article removed? HugoHelp (talk) 16:22, 21 April 2018 (UTC)	WIKI
Quiz on StringBuffers and StringTokenizers This is a practice quiz. The results are not recorded anywhere and do not affect your grade. The questions on this quiz might not appear in any quiz or test that does count toward your grade. Instructions: For each question, choose the single best answer. Make your choice by clicking on its button. You can change your answers at any time. When the quiz is graded, the correct answers will appear in the box after each question. 1. Which phrase best describes a String object after it has been constructed? a. Changeable. b. Write Only. c. Read Only. d. Inaccessible Correct Answer Is: 2. After a StringBuffer has been constructed, how many characters may be added to it? a. No more after it has been constructed. b. Only as many as the original capacity. c. As many as needed; it will grow in size if necessary. d. A new StringBuffer must be constructed each time characters are added. Correct Answer Is: 3. Which of the following methods does the StringBuffer class NOT have? a. append( int i ) b. charAt( int index ) c. length() d. delete( int index ) Correct Answer Is: 4. You wish to compare the contents of two StringBuffer objects. How should this be done? a. Use the == operator. b. Use the equals() method of StringBuffer. c. Construct a String object from each StringBuffer and use their equals() method. d. Do a character-by-character comparison using charAt() and ==. Correct Answer Is: 5. What is a token. a. A token is any character that may be used as punctuation. b. A token is a group of characters that means something in a particular context. c. A token is a type of expression. d. A token is a group of digits. Correct Answer Is: 6. What is a delimiter? a. A delimiter is a character that separates the tokens in a string. b. A delimiter is any character that may be part of a token. c. A delimiter is the last character of a string. d. A delimiter is any character that may be part of a number. Correct Answer Is: 7. What does this code write: StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer( "abc,def,ghi" ); System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() ); a. abc,def,ghi b. abc c. abc, d. abc def ghi Correct Answer Is: 8. What does this code write: StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer( "abc,def,ghi", "," ); System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() ); a. abc,def,ghi b. abc c. abc, d. , Correct Answer Is: 9. What does this code write: StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer( "abc+def+ghi", "+", true ); System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() ); System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() ); a. abc b. abc +def c. abc def d. abc + Correct Answer Is: 10. What does this code write: StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer( "abc def+ghi", "+"); System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() ); System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() ); a. abc def b. abc def ghi c. abc def + d. abc def +ghi Correct Answer Is: The number you got right: Percent Correct: Letter Grade: Click here (If you have just returned here from another page, or have re-loaded this page, you will need to click again on each of your choices for the grading program to work correctly. You may want to press the "shift key" while clicking on reload to clear the old answers.)	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Leonard Huxley Leonard Huxley may refer to: * Leonard Huxley (writer) (1860–1933), British writer and editor and member of the famous Huxley family * Leonard Huxley (physicist) (1902–1988), Australian physicist, and also a peripheral member of the Huxley family	WIKI
Notice: This is an archived and unmaintained page. For current information, please browse astrobiology.nasa.gov. 2010 Annual Science Report Massachusetts Institute of Technology Reporting \| SEP 2009 – AUG 2010 Genomic Relationships Among Basal Metazoans Project Summary Understanding the origins of animals (“Metazoa”) and the advent of metazoan complexity requires a proper understanding of the interrelationships among the living forms. To properly place animals like sponges and jellyfish into the tree of life, we have taken a multi-faceted approach using two different kinds of molecular data: traditional sequence-based molecular phylogenetics, and a new type of binary data, the presence or absence of specific microRNAs (short ~22 nucleotide non-coding RNA genes). Both data sets suggest that sponges are paraphyletic: some sponges are more closely related to jellyfish and humans than they are to other sponges (e.g., bath sponges). These results suggest that the last common ancestor of all living animals was organized like a true sponge, and thus our origins as complex animals lies within sponge biology. 4 Institutions 3 Teams 2 Publications 0 Field Sites Field Sites Project Progress The relationships at the base of the metazoan tree have been difficult to robustly resolve, and there are several different hypotheses regarding the interrelationships amongst sponges, cnidarians, ctenophores, placozoans and bilaterians, with each hypothesis having different implications for the body plan of the last common ancestor of animals and the paleoecology of the late precambrian. We have sequenced seven nuclear housekeeping genes from 17 new sponges, bringing the total to 29 species analyzed, including multiple representatives of the Demospongiae, Calcarea, Hexactinellida and Homoscleromorpha, and analyzed a data set also including six non-metazoan outgroups and 36 eumetazoans using a variety of phylogenetic methods and evolutionary models. We used leaf stability to identify rogue taxa and to investigate their effect on the support of the nodes in our trees, and we identified clades most likely to represent phylogenetic artifacts through the comparison of trees derived using different methods (and models) and through site-stripping analyses. Further, we investigated compositional heterogeneity and tested whether amino acid composition bias affected our results. Finally, we used Bayes factors to compare our results against previously published phylogenies. All our maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses find sponges to be paraphyletic, with all analyses finding three extant paraphyletic sponge lineages, Demospongiae plus Hexactinellida, Calcarea and Homoscleromorpha. All but one of our Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses support the monophyly of Eumetazoa (here Cnidaria + Bilateria) and a sister group relationship between Placozoa (here Trichoplax adhaerens) and Eumetazoa. Bayes factors invariably provide decisive support in favor of poriferan paraphyly when compared against either a sister group relationship between Porifera and Cnidaria, or to a monophyletic Porifera with respect to a monophyletic Eumetazoa. Although we were able to recover sponge monophyly using our data set, this was only possible under unrealistic evolutionary models, if poorly performing phylogenetic methods were used, or in situations where the potential for the generation of tree reconstruction artifacts was artificially exacerbated. Everything considered, our data set does not provide any support for a monophyletic Diploblastica (here Placozoa + Cnidaria + Porifera) and suggests that a monophyletic Porifera may be better seen as a phylogenetic artifact. To further test this result, we have pursued an independent avenue, namely the structure of microRNA pre- structures. Briefly, microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, ~22 nucleotide non-coding genes that negatively regulate protein-coding genes by binding with imperfect complementarity to sites in their 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs), thereby subjecting the transcript to cleavage or to blockage of its translation. Eumetazoan (the collective names for cnidarians + bilaterians) miRNAs are generally 70 nucleotide long structures, whereas plant and other eukaryotic miRNAs are much longer, usually between 120-200 nucleotides long. Interestingly, demosponge miRNAs are similar to plant miRNAs in being much longer than eumetazoan miRNAs. Because demosponge miRNAs appear to represent the primitive structure, we asked whether homoscleromorph and/or calcisponge miRNAs resembled eumetazoan miRNAs (and thus indicative of sponge paraphyly) or demosponge and plant miRNAs, consistent with sponge monophyly. To address this question small miRNA libraries were made from two calcisponges and one homoscler0moph and blasted against genomic sequences for two sponges, the calcisponge Sycon and the homoscleromorph Oscarella. The miRNA structures from Oscarella (but not Sycon) all resemble eumetazoan miRNAs, and not demosponge/plant miRNAs, consistent with the phylogenetic results supporting a close relationship between homoscleromorphs and eumetazoans to the exclusion of demosponges and calcisponges. Representative pre-microRNA structures showing that the position of the mature miRNA sequence is found in close proximity to the terminal loop in eumetazoans and the homoscleomorph, while calcisponge, demosponge, and plant mature sequences vary widely in their position relative to the loop. Mature sequences are highlighted in red, star sequences are in bold. Pre-miRNA sequences for Eumetazoan, Demosponge, and Plant were obtained from miRBase. Sycon and Oscarella miRNAs were identified in small-RNA libraries and BLASTed against genome sequence available from recently sequenced genomes to obtain pre-sequences. All structures were predicted with the mFold program using default settings.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
IBD occurs most frequently in people within their late teenagers and twenties. Adalimumab therapy might reduce health-care charges for Crohn’s disease patients Inflammatory bowel disease is a term that identifies both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease . IBD occurs most frequently in people within their late teenagers and twenties choline bitartrate . There have been cases in children as young as two years old and in old adults within their seventies and eighties; women and men have an equal chance of getting the disease. While the cause of IBD aren’t known, one theory is based on genetics, indicating that IBD runs in families. About 15 % to thirty % of individuals with IBD have a relative with the disease. Avoid acquiring medications or substances that can poison or damage kidney tissues. Ask the physician about substances in order to avoid. People at risk for chronic kidney disease may need more regular examining for kidney function and various other problems that happen with declining kidney function. Difficulties urinating or bloodstream in the urine should prompt a check out to the doctor as quickly as possible.. Acute Kidney Failure Prevention Yearly physical exams by the physician include blood tests and urinalysis to monitor kidney and urinary system health. Drink enough liquids to keep the kidneys functioning properly.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Talk:Zariski surface thanks r e b you are a real geometer and a friend not a child! keep up your editing work on Zariski surfaces e mail me if you wish to get into research best piotrek blass www.pblass.com Dear Editors and Readers I spent several hours carefully creating a complete description of the theory. This has been reversed. Could someone instruct me how to arbitrate/appeal/reverse such activity. I am the creator of the theory of Zariski surfaces and perhaps have some expertise here. I have authored a major book on the subject. Thank you in advance. Dr Piotr Blass * If you click on the "history" tab at the top of the page it gives you access to all previous versions of the page. You can avoid arguments with other users over the content by making sure that all the information you put in is verifiable (see Verifiability for details); this means roughly that you need to supply published references for everything you say in the "references" section. The best way to resolve disagreements about content of this article is to discuss them on this talk page. R.e.b. 16:12, 10 September 2006 (UTC) * And for information about reverting to a previous version, see Help:Reverting. R.e.b. 17:06, 10 September 2006 (UTC)	WIKI
Getting Data In Why is Splunk not receiving on splunktcp 9997? khagan Path Finder I have a Heavy Forwarder set to forward load balanced data to two Splunk indexers on 9997. When I enable receiving on the indexers (via Settings -> Forwarding and Receiving -> Configure Receiving), no data is showing up. Examining the splunkd.log on the forwarder and indexers shows the connection is being made with no errors. If I enable a Data Input to listen to port 9997, I can see data showing up in the index, albeit cooked data, which isn't readable - so the data is making it to the Splunk server, but just not showing up when I configure it to receive from another Splunk. What might be causing this? 0 Karma rkirkw Path Finder For more troubleshooting info on receiving try this command: splunk list inputstatus This gives you a listing of every way an indexer is receiving data from each host and when Hope this helps!! 0 Karma somesoni2 SplunkTrust SplunkTrust Can you provide the content of outputs.conf from your Heavy Forwarder? After enabling receiving on Forwarder, you would configure your forwarder to send data to those indexers on port 9997. 0 Karma khagan Path Finder [tcpout] defaultGroup=LB_peers [tcpout:LB_peers] server=xx.xx.xx.xx:9997,xx.xx.xx.xx:9997 The Forwarder is already configured to send to Splunk on 9997. 0 Karma janderson19 Path Finder I'm not really sure how to receive from a forwarder over Splunk web, but if you go into inputs.conf you can make sure you're receiving over splunktcp. If not, you can change it to Splunktcp. 0 Karma khagan Path Finder Inputs.conf has it receiving on [splunktcp:9997] 0 Karma janderson19 Path Finder khagan Path Finder Yes, sorry, that is the format it is in. 0 Karma Get Updates on the Splunk Community! Registration for Splunk University is Now Open! Are you ready for an adventure in learning? Brace yourselves because Splunk University is back, and it's ... Splunkbase \| Splunk Dashboard Examples App for SimpleXML End of Life The Splunk Dashboard Examples App for SimpleXML will reach end of support on Dec 19, 2024, after which no new ... Understanding Generative AI Techniques and Their Application in Cybersecurity Watch On-Demand Artificial intelligence is the talk of the town nowadays, with industries of all kinds ...	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Bostall Heath and Woods Bostall Heath and Woods is an area of 159.1 hectares of woodland with areas of heathland located in the Royal Borough of Greenwich ward of Abbey Wood, west of Lesnes Abbey Woods in southeast London. The area to the south of the A206 (Bostall Hill) is Bostall Woods; to the north is Bostall Heath. Background The wood is owned and maintained by the Royal Borough of Greenwich. This excludes the Cooperative Woods, in the north east corner of the site, which in 1988 was gifted to the newly formed Bexley & Greenwich Community Hospice by the local community-owned Royal Arsenal Co-operative Society (RACS: founded in 1872 to serve locals and workers at the Royal Arsenal). The farm and a few residual tracts of ornamental verges between the homes and streets built below Bostall Woods and named by the RACS over a century ago remain the last historically significant landholdings of what was once one of Kent's largest and longest lasting employers. Sport and recreation facilities On Bostall Heath there are a bowling green, cricket nets and casual soccer facilities. It is part of the Green Chain Walk network. Access Bostall Heath and Woods is located within a mostly residential area and is accessible to the public from a number of points at all times. There are also public transport links. The nearest railway station is Abbey Wood railway station, the heath is served by buses B11 and 99 and the wood by B11, 99, 177, 180, 96, and 422.	WIKI
17th Government of the Sahrawi Republic The 17th Government of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic was announced by President Brahim Ghali on 14 February 2023, after he won re-election in the 2023 Sahrawi presidential election held during the 16th Congress of the POLISARIO Front. It is headed by Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun as Prime Minister, with this being his second consecutive term and his fourth overall. The government only has three women members out of seventeen ministers and twenty-two cabinet members. Mariam Salek Hmada became the first woman to serve as Minister of the Interior in the SADR and second in the Arab world after Raya El Hassan, who was Minister of Interior and Municipalities in Lebanon between 2019 and 2020. On 18 February 2023, the newly-appointed ministers took their constitutional oath on the first session of the Council of Ministers. Background The government was formed after Brahim Ghali won a third term in the 2023 Sahrawi presidential election held during the 16th Congress of the POLISARIO Front, an election in which he faced a competitive candidate, Bachir Mustafa Sayed. The government is legally complied to apply the National Action Program approved by the 16th Congress, which included "intensifying the armed struggle" and "strengthening the diplomatic way" as one of its points. The government is the first one to start its mandate in a war situation since 1991, after the ceasefire was broken in 2020, leading to the Second Western Sahara War. Cabinet changes * Naama Said Yumani, Minister Advisor to the Presidency, died on 17 August 2023. * Brahim Al-Bachir Bel-la replaced Mariam Salek Ahmada as Minister of the Interior on 14 April 2024.	WIKI
Talk:Taurus (instrumental) January 2016 OK, here's your talk page discussion. "It has been alleged that Jimmy Page borrowed the descending guitar figure from "Taurus" for Led Zeppelin's signature tune "Stairway to Heaven" is not making a conclusion, it specifically states there is an allegation. In fact, the text is much more neutral than the cited source, which is making a definitive claim. 'Alleged that (text) may have (happened) is needlessly cumbersome. the word allegation implies that something MAY have happened. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 12:51, 29 January 2016 (UTC) Note also that there are redirects for such phrases as "allegations of state terrorism by Sri Lanka", among others, further evidence that "may have" does not need to be coupled with "alleged" * Hi. We were looking at different parts of your edit. I have no issue with changing "may have" to alleged. In fact, I agree with you, it's more encyclopedic. Where I was taking issue is your use of "leaving little doubt", which, per WP:SYNTH, is drawing a conclusion from sources, when that term does not appear in those underlying sources. While I may agree with that conclusion, it's still a conclusion, and the original wording is more indicative of the underlying sources. Take care. Onel 5969 TT me 13:29, 29 January 2016 (UTC) * I can see where that phrase might be a problem. I'd word it "increased the likelihood" <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:48, 29 January 2016 (UTC) * Hi . I like the change you've currently made. I think that even saying "increased the likelihood" is still moving too far down that road to drawing a conclusion. Let's just lay the facts out there and let the reader make their own determination. Btw, ever thought of getting an account? I think you could be an asset to the Wikipedia project. Onel 5969 TT me 00:04, 30 January 2016 (UTC) * I understand your objection, but 'provided the possibility' isn't ideal either. This implies that the tour was the only means by which Led Zeppelin could have become familiar with this song. Certainly, there were fans and bands who had never worked with Spirit who were aware of their music. The fact that these two groups worked the same concerts increased the possibility that there was some awareness of each other's work, but it didn't provide that possibility. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:58, 31 January 2016 (UTC) * The point of the sentence in question seems to be to show that Page had access to the original work, a necessary point in proving plagiarism. However, in this case the song was recorded and commercially available to the public so it can be assumed that anyone could have access. It isn't necessary to identify a particular time and place where the musicians crossed paths in person. Perhaps a more relevant fact would be that Led Zeppelin incorporated parts of "Fresh Garbage", a song from the same album as "Taurus", in their early 1969 concerts, demonstrating Page's familiarity with Spirit's music. Piriczki (talk) 15:27, 31 January 2016 (UTC) * How do you propose rephrasing the sentence in question? We don't have to detail all the plaintiff's evidence, particularly in a stub article, but accessibility is a requirement in a lawsuit as you've noted. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:08, 1 February 2016 (UTC) * How about something like "Led Zeppelin opened for Spirit on their first American tour, and soon after incorporated parts of Spirit's song "Fresh Garbage", from the same album as "Taurus", into an extended medley during their early 1969 concerts." They could have heard "Taurus" any number of ways, most obvious being by just listening to the LP. No need to speculate about specifics that are unknown. The trial is set for May 16 so the matter should be settled soon enough. Piriczki (talk) 21:19, 1 February 2016 (UTC) * works for me <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:34, 14 February 2016 (UTC) * @<IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:28, 31 May 2022 (UTC) Statements In depositions made to the District Court of California, both Jimmy Page and Robert Plant have stated they heard "Fresh Garbage" via the CBS sampler album The Rock Machine Turns You On, which was released in 1968, not the Spirit self-titled album with "Taurus". See .<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:15, 26 February 2016 (UTC) * Please post a link to the deposition of Jimmy Page, I assume it was also executed a few days ago. Piriczki (talk) 02:00, 27 February 2016 (UTC) * Here it is: Piriczki (talk) 15:34, 27 February 2016 (UTC) Leave the templates alone They belong in this article and the article should not be a stub, not after all the media attention surrounding it.--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:43, 26 March 2018 (UTC) The song was a song by Spirit, correct? If the answer is yes, the template stays. Was Led Zeppelin embroiled in a plagiarism case involving this song? If the answer is yes, then that template has a right to stay. Stop undermining my work and reverting this page to a stub, you bastards!--2601:5C0:4280:3D40:60FE:B11B:20F8:C6F9 (talk) 19:32, 11 July 2018 (UTC)	WIKI
Talk:The 414s Untitled This wiki article said the group deleted billing records "ostensibly to cover their tracks", but does not cite a source. According to the Discover Magazine article (citation added), it was an accident. I updated the article accordingly. --Jericho347 (talk) 06:19, 8 November 2020 (UTC)	WIKI
Trapt discography The American rock band Trapt has released nine studio albums, one live album, one compilation album, three extended plays and thirteen singles. The band is also featured on the video album Crüe Fest. Trapt was formed in Los Gatos, California in August 1997, and is currently composed of lead singer Chris Taylor Brown, lead guitarist Shawn Sonnenschein, drummer Mitch Moore and bass guitarist Pete Charell.	WIKI
JazzCash JazzCash, formerly known as MobiCash, is a Pakistani mobile wallet, mobile payments, and branchless banking services provider. It was launched in November 2012 as MobiCash by Mobilink (now Jazz) in partnership with their subsidiary bank Mobilink Microfinance Bank. It also provides digital payment service through QR code in partnership with Masterpass. The company, with a customer base of 44 million, has made a concerted effort to prioritise gender-intentional financial inclusion. As a result, around 29 percent of JazzCash customers are now women. Under the broad ambit of digital financial services, JazzCash goes beyond payments to include critical services like savings, nano-loans, and insurance. JazzCash is also the first and only nano-lender in Pakistan to offer free life and health insurance to its nano-loan customers. Another facility provided by Jazz Cash is the introduction of the Jazz Cash Merchant Account, which is a digital payment facility that does transactions. History JazzCash was launched in 2012 as MobiCash by Mobilink (now Jazz) in partnership with Waseela Bank, which was later renamed as Mobilink Microfinance Bank. In 2016, MobiCash was renamed as JazzCash. In 2020, JazzCash partnered with Payoneer to provide users with a feature that would allow them to withdraw funds from their Payoneer account through their JazzCash wallet. More than one of such accounts have been linked to JazzCash.	WIKI
Plug Power CFO Paul Middleton Underscores Continued Confidence in Strategic Growth with Additional Share Purchase LATHAM, N.Y., June 09, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Plug Power Inc. (NASDAQ: PLUG), a global leader in comprehensive hydrogen solutions for the green hydrogen economy, today announced that Chief Financial Officer Paul Middleton has purchased an additional 650,000 shares of Plug’s common stock on the open market. On June 9, 2025, Middleton acquired 650,000 shares at an average price of $1.0339 per share. This latest investment follows a previous purchase earlier this month, reinforcing Mr. Middleton’s continued belief in Plug’s long-term strategy, strong financial trajectory, and leadership in building a vertically integrated hydrogen ecosystem. “This additional investment reflects my strong conviction in Plug’s strategy and long-term value creation. As we execute and gain market traction, I continue to see meaningful upside and believe Plug remains one of the most compelling growth opportunities in the energy sector.” Middleton’s open-market purchase underscores executive confidence in Plug’s operational progress, including the ramp-up of hydrogen production plants, commercialization of GenEco electrolyzers, and growing demand for GenDrive fuel cell solutions across material handling and industrial markets. “This is a transformative moment for our business and our industry. I believe deeply in Plug’s ability to lead this energy transition—and I’m proud to continue investing in that future,” he added. The purchase was disclosed in a Form 4 filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on June 9, 2025. About Plug Power Plug is building the global hydrogen economy with a fully integrated ecosystem spanning production, storage, delivery, and power generation. A first mover in the industry, Plug provides electrolyzers, liquid hydrogen, fuel cell systems, storage tanks, and fueling infrastructure to industries such as material handling, industrial applications, and energy producers—advancing energy independence and decarbonization at scale. With electrolyzers deployed across five continents, Plug leads in hydrogen production, delivering large-scale projects that redefine industrial power. The company has deployed over 72,000 fuel cell systems and 275 fueling stations and is the largest user of liquid hydrogen. Plug is rapidly expanding its generation network to ensure reliable, domestically produced supply, with hydrogen plants currently operational in Georgia, Tennessee, and Louisiana, capable of producing 39 tons per day. With employees and state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities across the globe, Plug powers global leaders like Walmart, Amazon, Home Depot, BMW, and BP. Safe Harbor This communication contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements about plans, goals, objectives, strategies, future events, expected results, beliefs, assumptions and any other statements that have not occurred. You are cautioned that such statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results as such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual performance or results may differ materially from those expressed in these statements as a result of various factors, including, but not limited to, the following: the risk of elimination, nonrenewal, reduction of, or changes in qualifying criteria for government subsidies and economic incentives for alternative energy products, including the Inflation Reduction Act and its qualification to utilize the ITC; the anticipated benefits and actual savings and costs resulting from the implementation of cost-reduction measures; the risk that Plug’s ability to achieve its business objectives and to continue to meet its obligations is dependent upon its ability to maintain a certain level of liquidity, which will depend in part on its ability to manage its cash flows; the risk that the funding of the Department of Energy loan may be delayed or cancelled; the risk that Plug may continue to incur losses and might never achieve or maintain profitability; the risk that Plug may not be successful in its financing initiatives and not have sufficient capital to continue its operations; the risk that Plug may not be able to expand its business or manage its future growth effectively; the risk that global economic uncertainty, including inflationary pressures, fluctuating interest rates, currency fluctuations, increase in tariffs, and supply chain disruptions, may adversely affect Plug’s operating results; the risk that Plug may not be able to obtain from its hydrogen suppliers a sufficient supply of hydrogen at competitive prices or the risk that Plug may not be able to produce hydrogen internally at competitive prices; the risk that delays in or not completing its product and project development goals may adversely affect its revenue and profitability; the risk that its estimated future revenue may not be indicative of actual future revenue or profitability; the risk that volatility in commodity prices and product shortages may adversely affect Plug’s gross margins and financial results; the risk that Plug may not be able to manufacture and market products on a profitable and large-scale commercial basis; and other risks relating to Plug’s business that are described in Plug’s public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the “Risk Factors” section of Plug’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 as well as any subsequent filings. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are made as of the date hereof and Plug disclaims any obligation to update forward-looking statements except as may be required by law. MEDIA CONTACT Teal Hoyos media@plugpower.com	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Nurra The Nurra is a geographical region in the northwest of Sardinia, Italy. It is the second-largest plain of the island, located between the towns of Sassari, Porto Torres and Alghero. It covers a surface of 700 km2 and is bounded by the Sardinian Sea on the west and by the Gulf of Asinara on the north. Nurra was once an important mining center, with Argentiera being the principal village, though today it is a ghost town. The Nurra, before the works of land reclamation initiated under Fascism (which were also continued in after World War II by the ETFAS, Ente Trasformazione Fondiaria Agricola Sarda), and despite being next to one of the most populated areas of Sardinia, has one of the lowest population densities in Italy, with 5 inhabitants per km2, primarily, due to the drought and to the presence of malaria, eliminated only in the 20th century. History In the Middle Ages Nurra was a curatoria in the Giudicato di Torres, rich with salt mills and silver mines. From the 12th century it was owned by the Branca branch of the Doria family of Genoa, who had acquired it at the extinction of the giudicato family and kept it until the end between the Republic of Genoa and the Crown of Aragon in the 14th century. This was depopulated the area, and in 1347 many of the villages were reduced to ghost towns, and the remaining ones suffered equally in the subsequent war between Aragon and the Giudicato of Arborea. In 1391, it was again invaded by Brancaleone Doria. In 1427, it was formally given to the free commune of Sassari, but was still subject to raids from North-African corsairs. Heritage There is an example of industrial archaeology included in the Geological-Mining Park of Sardinia and preserved by UNESCO. Economy Today economy is based on agriculture, animal husbandry and tourism.	WIKI
MikroTik Scripts: Create backup and send to email The script creates a backup file “backup_file.backup” and sends it to an email address using the SendEmailFunction function call. Specify the parameters: SendTo, Subject, MessageText, FileName and Password, for correct sending of the letter. An example of a received letter from a MikroTik device with a backup file Example email received from MikroTik device with backup file Article in other languages: ?? – MikroTik Scripts: Cree una copia de seguridad y envía por correo electrónico ?? – MikroTik Скрипты: Создать бэкап и отправить на почту ?? – Scripts MikroTik: Créer une sauvegarde et envoyer par e-mail ?? – MikroTik-Skripte: Erstellen Sie ein Backup und senden Sie es per E-Mail ?? – MikroTik-scripts: E-mail en bestand naar e-mail verzenden (functie) RouterOS backup feature allows you to save your current device’s configuration, which then can be re-applied on the same or a different device (with the same model name/number). This is very useful since it allows you to effortlessly restore device’s configurations or to re-apply the same configuration on a backup device. System’s backup file also contain the device’s MAC addresses, which are also restored when the backup file is loaded. wiki.mikrotik.com Script: Create backup and send to mail [System] -> [Scripts] -> [+] -> [Name: CreateBackupAndSendEmail] -> [Policy: read, write, policy, test, sensitive] Script code: #Variables :local DeviceName [/system identity get name]; :local Date [/system clock get date]; :local SendTo "destination_mail@mail.com"; :local Subject "\F0\9F\93\A6 BACKUP: $DeviceName [$Date]"; :local MessageText "$DeviceName - device backup file "; :local FileName "backup_file.backup"; :local Password "Pa$$Word"; # Main script code /system backup save name=$FileName password=$Password :local SendMail [:parse [/system script get SendEmailFunction source]]; $SendMail SendTo=$SendTo TextMail=$MessageText Subject=$Subject FileName=$FileName; Script: Create backup and send to mail ⚠️ If you do not specify the Password parameter, the backup file will not be encrypted. All data, including script data (Telegram token, mail password) will be available. If, when executing the script, you receive the error input does not match any value of file – the file name contains service characters, change the file name or escape MikroTik service characters with the “\” character. Add script launch to Scheduler For me, it is enough if the devices make a backup copy of the settings once a week. For the script to work, you must set the following permissions: read, write, policy, test, sensitive. [System] -> [Schedule] -> [+] -> [Name: CreateBackupAndSendEmail] - > [Interval: 7d 00:00:00] -> [Policy: read, write, policy, test, sensitive] Script code: /system script run CreateBackupAndSendEmail Add script launch to Scheduler ? The script for creating backup and sending backup file by email was discussed in this article. I hope this article helped automate your work on creating backups of MikrotTik devices. However, if you run into any problems while setting up, feel free to write in the comments. I will try to help. ✅ The script is checked: hAP ac lite [RouterBOARD 952Ui-5ac2nD], RouterOS 6.47.8 (stable). 1 thought on “MikroTik Scripts: Create backup and send to email” Leave a Comment	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Pietro Leopoldo, Grand Duke of Tuscany Together with his new bride the young regent travelled to Florence, equipped with a detailed set of instructions or ‘catalogue of deportment’ supplied by his mother. As a member of the imperial dynasty he was responsible to his eldest brother Joseph, who regarded Tuscany as an outpost of the Austrian Monarchy and Leopold as a representative of Habsburg interests. Aged only eighteen, the new grand duke, supported by a group of advisors, soon set about implementing a large-scale programme of reforms which was to make Tuscany a leading example of Enlightenment rule. The young grand duke based his reforms on the principles of physiocracy. The main tenet of this school of economic thought was to strengthen agriculture in order to support systematic population growth which would in turn lead to an increase in economic power. Accordingly, controls on trade in grain were abolished along with a range of feudal constraints, and the property rights of peasant landholders were strengthened. All of this was intended to generally improve and fortify the situation of the peasantry. New areas for cultivation were obtained, for example by draining the marshes of the Maremma. This was accompanied by the introduction of the latest methods in arable farming and animal husbandry. Incentives for trade were also created with the abolition of the restrictions of the medieval guild system and the standardization of tariffs and duties. Another important feature of the grand duke’s programme was the reform of taxation, with the abolition of the system of tax farming, which had led to injustices and fraud. This was accompanied by statistical surveys so that reliable data were available to give an accurate picture of the duchy’s economic situation. A new municipal code was implemented to promote the self-administration of the municipalities. The duchy’s inhabitants were to be encouraged to develop a sense of themselves as citizens rather than subjects without any rights, a change symbolized by the abolition of the army, which was replaced by a citizens’ militia for purely defensive purposes. Over something less than two decades Tuscany was transformed from a stagnating minor state living off the remnants of its erstwhile importance as the centre of the Renaissance into a modern territorial state with a pioneering role in Enlightenment Europe. There is a clear similarity here with the aims of the archduke’s brother in Austria. However, in implementing his reforms Leopold proceeded with more caution and less haste. He took into account pre-existing structures, thus winning broader support for his programme of modernization. In contrast to the rather despotic style of Joseph II, who tended to decree his measures from above, Leopold was always concerned to involve local interest groups, whether they were aristocratic estates or municipalities. In 1778 Leopold travelled to Vienna on the invitation of his mother, who hoped to co-opt him as an ally against her co-regent Joseph. During his stay at the Viennese court he obtained sobering insights into the deadlocked situation and the conflicts within the family, which he recorded in personal memoranda. His observations, which he wrote in a secret Italian shorthand under the title of Stato della famiglia, today constitute an important source for historians. A conflict soon developed with the emperor, who had summoned Leopold’s eldest son Franz to Vienna in order to groom him as his successor, since it was more than likely that Joseph would remain childless. Joseph was also planning to incorporate Tuscany into the empire as a whole, forcing Leopold to promise that after his death the territory would revert to the main line of the dynasty. However, as soon as Leopold succeeded his brother on the throne, he revoked this agreement and his son Ferdinand assumed the regency in Tuscany. Joseph also prevented the adoption of the constitution for Tuscany that Leopold had had drawn up. The draft contained provisions to enhance the self-administration of the estates, as well as the emancipation of the peasants from feudal overlordship and the abolition of censorship. This revolutionary plan was a step too far for his imperial brother, who feared that it would set an undesirable precedent. One of Leopold’s successes was the implementation of the new criminal code in 1786, which abolished the death penalty and torture. The enlightened concept of law that underlay this code is also evident in the generally lenient penalties and the fact that it did not include the crime of lèse-majesté.	FINEWEB-EDU
Afghan president hopeful Abdullah Abdullah cries foul - BBC News Share this with Email Facebook Messenger Messenger Twitter Pinterest WhatsApp Linkedin Copy this link Afghan presidential election candidate Abdullah Abdullah has demanded an immediate halt to vote-counting over allegations of widespread fraud. Ballot boxes had been stuffed and the whole system was working to benefit his rival Ashraf Ghani, Dr Abdullah said. He said he had lost trust in election officials, adding: We have asked our monitors to leave their offices. A run-off vote to choose who replaces Hamid Karzai was held on Saturday. Final results are due in July. Dr Abdullah won most votes in the first round in April, but did not secure an outright majority. There was no immediate comment from Mr Ghani, a former World Bank economist. Mr Karzai, who has served two terms as Afghanistan's first and only president since the Taliban were ousted in 2001, is obliged by law to stand down after the latest election, which would be the country's first peaceful transfer of power. He is expected to hand over to his successor in August. Dr Abdullah said that a number of his observers had been beaten up, detained and only released on Tuesday. He accused President Karzai of not being neutral and said important concerns he had raised over the election had been ignored. He complained that there had been no clarification over what he had called inflated turnout figures - and no explanation for the sacking of several thousand election workers after the first round. Dr Abdullah added that he had also demanded that a senior member of the Independent Election Commission should be suspended, but this had not happened. The counting process should stop immediately and if that continues, it will have no legitimacy, Dr Abdullah told reporters. Ballot boxes have yet to reach Kabul for votes to be counted but the former foreign minister said preliminary evidence gathered by his team showed widespread fraud. According to initial reports received by his staff, Mr Ghani is leading by nearly a million votes after Saturday's run-off, Reuters news agency reported. The United Nations said Dr Abdullah's remarks came as a surprise. We regret this step, and at the same time we will keep working with both campaigns and the election commission, UN mission spokesman Ari Gaitanis told AFP news agency. Dr Abdullah pulled out of Afghanistan's 2009 presidential election which was also marred by claims of mass fraud. UN and US officials have been urging both contenders in this year's race to give officials time to count votes and look into possible malpractice. Dr Abdullah's demands raise the prospect of a political crisis at a crucial time for Afghanistan. Nato-led combat troops who have been battling the Taliban are due to leave by the end of the year and a major security deal with the US remains unsigned. The BBC's Bilal Sarwary in Kabul says the election process has been thrown into crisis and it is unclear who can resolve it. Afghan security forces have detained more than a dozen people accused of committing fraud following Saturday's vote. Of 6,204 polling centres open across the country, 160 were shut because of either fraud claims or security threats, our correspondent reports. Donald Trump's lawyers and supporters try to block vote recounts in Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and Michigan. Bringing water to the slums Which politician did Kate Bush call 'wonderful'? How the creator of Hamilton got The Rock to sing Are pipeline protest camp days numbered? 'All Pakistanis I've known are exceptional people' Australian schoolboys outwit 'most hated man in US' Negligence fears as schoolgirls are buried Life of German-born actor who won laughs as TV's funniest Spaniard All-women science expedition heads to Antarctica	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Template:Did you know nominations/America in the King Years America in the King Years * ... that each of the three volumes of Taylor Branch's biography of Martin Luther King, Jr. were named based on aspects of the Book of Exodus? * Comment: Started this article on Jan. 16 2012, in honor of MLK day. Created/expanded by KConWiki (talk). Self nom at 04:05, 17 January 2012 (UTC) * Symbol possible vote.svg The references are not formatted. SL93 (talk) 00:22, 31 January 2012 (UTC) * Symbol question.svg I formatted the references. There is one statement that needs a source; I added a "citation needed" tag. Otherwise the article looks in good shape. Age, length, referencing all OK. Hook ref verified. I wonder if you would consider something a little hookier: * ALT1: ... that Taylor Branch's Pulitzer Prize-winning trilogy about Martin Luther King, Jr. and the civil rights movement took 24 years to write? Yoninah (talk) 22:08, 1 February 2012 (UTC) * Thanks for your edits on this - The only thing about that is that the whole trilogy didn't win the Pulitzer, only one volume of it did. KConWiki (talk) 02:33, 2 February 2012 (UTC) * Maybe just call it "Taylor Branch's award-winning trilogy..." or something like that? Although, I have to say that I do like the Exodus references. Does anyone else have an opinion? KConWiki (talk) 03:06, 2 February 2012 (UTC) * Symbol confirmed.svg No problem at all; it's your hook, so we'll go with it. All citations are in place. Good to go. Yoninah (talk) 13:44, 2 February 2012 (UTC)	WIKI
Proteome Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Individuals from Metsovo, Nonoccupationally Exposed to Asbestos This item is provided by the institution : Repository : Repository of UOI Olympias see the original item page in the repository's web site and access all digital files if the item* share Proteome Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Individuals from Metsovo, Nonoccupationally Exposed to Asbestos (EN) Archimandriti, D. T. (EN) Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Σχολή Θετικών Επιστημών. Τμήμα Χημείας (EL) Archimandriti, D. T. (EN) Inhabitants of Metsovo, NW Greece, have been exposed to an asbestos whitewash, resulting in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and pleural calcifications (PCs). Interestingly, those with PCs (PC(+)) are less prone to MPM. They also have lymphocytic alveolitis, and differences in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) proteins, compared with those without pleural calcifications (PC(-)). This may mean a different response to the fiber leading to different susceptibility to neoplasia. To further evaluate this, a proteomic analysis of BAL proteins was performed. Proteomic analysis (2D-electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry) of BAL in Metsovites nonoccupationally exposed to asbestos revealed increased albumin fragments, alpha 1-antitrypsin, S100-A9 and HSP27, suggesting ongoing inflammation. In those without pleural calcifications, increased expression of acid ceramidase, glutathione-S-transferase and presence of calcyphosin, all involved in cell cycle regulation and death as well as in the detoxification of mutagenic and toxic agents, lend further support to our thesis of possible "protection against neoplasia" in Metsovites with pleural calcifications. (EN) metsovo lung (EN) J Proteome Res (EN) English 2009 American Chemical Society (EN) *Institutions are responsible for keeping their URLs functional (digital file, item page in repository site)	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Page:Keats - Poetical Works, DeWolfe, 1884.djvu/107 Rh If he explores all forms and substances Straight homeward to their symbol-essences; He shall not die. Moreover, and in chief, He must pursue this task of joy and grief Most piously;—all lovers tempest-tost, And in the savage overwhelming lost. He shall deposit side by side, until Time's creeping shall the dreary space fulfil: Which done, and all these labors ripened, A youth, by heavenly power loved and led, Shall stand before him; whom he shall direct How to consummate all. The youth elect Must do the thing, or both will be destroy'd.'" * "Then," cried the young Endymion, overjoy'd, "We are twin brothers in this destiny! Say, I entreat thee, what achievement high Is, in this restless world, for me reserved. What! if from thee my wandering feet had swerved, Had we both perish'd?"—"Look!" the sage replied, "Dost thou not mark a gleaming through the tide, Of divers brilliances? 'tis the edifice I told thee of, where lovely Scylla lies; And where I have enshrined piously All lovers, whom fell storms have doom'd to die Throughout my bondage." Thus discoursing, on They went till unobscured the porches shone; Which hurryingly they gain'd, and enter'd straight. Sure never since king Neptune held his state Was seen such wonder underneath the stars. Turn to some level plain where haughty Mars Has legion'd all his battle; and behold	WIKI
Splunk Search How to parse grepable Nmap output? rfiscus Path Finder I have several events with similar to this raw data field that I would like to break down into a new event for each IP, port, etc: Host: 172.30.x.x () Ports: 22/open/tcp//ssh///, 80/open/tcp//http///, 443/open/tcp//https///, 5000/open/tcp//upnp///, 5564/open/tcp/////, 5570/open/tcp/////, 5678/open/tcp//rrac///, 5988/open/tcp//wbem-http///, 5989/open/tcp//wbem-https///, 8008/open/tcp//http///, 8099/open/tcp//unknown///, 45454/open/tcp///// So in my search (for this example) I want 12 lines that start with this IP address and in the second column have each of the ports listed respectively, followed by the columns port, status, proto, and desc. index = ports_services sourcetype = nonwindows:ports Host Ports \| rex field=_raw "(?i)Host:\s(?<dest_ip>\S+)\s+\s+Ports:\s+(?<port>\d+)\/(?<status>\w+)\/(?<proto>\w+)\/\/(?<desc>\w+)" \| table _time dest_ip port status proto desc \| sort dest_ip Currently my search works properly for the first port, but does not iterate through to create a new line for each consecutive port. I have read a lot about the makemv delim, but can't seem to make this work. Any ideas? 0 Karma 1 Solution sundareshr Legend This should give you an idea \| rex field=s max_match=50 "(?i)Host:\s(?\S+)" \| rex field=s max_match=50 "[Ports:\|,]\s(?\d+)" \| table _time dest_ip ports \| mvexpand ports You should also look at mvzip command. View solution in original post rfiscus Path Finder index = ports_services sourcetype = nonwindows:ports Host Ports \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "Host:\s(?<dest_ip>\S+)" \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "[Ports:\|,]\s?(?<port>\d+)\/+(?<status>\w+)\/+(?<proto>\w+)\/+(?<desc>\w+\|\/)" \| rex field=_raw "OS:\s(?<os>\w+)" \| eval os = if(isnull(os),"unknown",os) \| eval mv=mvzip(port, status) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, proto) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, desc) \| mvexpand mv \| makemv mv delim="," \| eval ports=mvindex(mv, 0) \| eval status=mvindex(mv, 1) \| eval proto=mvindex(mv, 2) \| eval desc=if(mvindex(mv, 3) == "/","null",mvindex(mv,3)) \| table dest_ip ports status proto desc os \| sort dest_ip 0 Karma sundareshr Legend This should give you an idea \| rex field=s max_match=50 "(?i)Host:\s(?\S+)" \| rex field=s max_match=50 "[Ports:\|,]\s(?\d+)" \| table _time dest_ip ports \| mvexpand ports You should also look at mvzip command. rfiscus Path Finder Finally got it, thank you for all your help! index = ports_services sourcetype = nonwindows:ports Host Ports \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "Host:\s(?<dest_ip>\S+)" \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "[Ports:\|,]\s?(?<port>\d+)\/+(?<status>\w+)\/+(?<proto>\w+)\/+(?<desc>\w+\|\/)" \| rex field=_raw "OS:\s(?<os>\w+)" \| eval os = if(isnull(os),"unknown",os) \| eval mv=mvzip(port, status) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, proto) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, desc) \| mvexpand mv \| makemv mv delim="," \| eval ports=mvindex(mv, 0) \| eval status=mvindex(mv, 1) \| eval proto=mvindex(mv, 2) \| eval desc=if(mvindex(mv, 3) == "/","null",mvindex(mv,3)) \| table dest_ip ports status proto desc os \| sort dest_ip 0 Karma rfiscus Path Finder That gives me an error. Error in 'rex' command: Encountered the following error while compiling the regex '(?i)Host:\s(?\S+)': Regex: unrecognized character after (? or (?- index = ports_services sourcetype = nonwindows:ports Host Ports \| rex field=s max_match=50 "(?i)Host:\s(?\S+)" \| rex field=s max_match=50 "[Ports:\|,]\s(?\d+)" \| table _time dest_ip ports \| mvexpand ports 0 Karma rfiscus Path Finder That does get me close, just now need to also separate the ports column. -time dest_ip ports 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 22/open/tcp//ssh/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 80/open/tcp//http/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 443/open/tcp//https/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5000/open/tcp//upnp/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5564/open/tcp///// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5570/open/tcp///// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5678/open/tcp//rrac/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5988/open/tcp//wbem-http/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5989/open/tcp//wbem-https/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 8008/open/tcp//http/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 8099/open/tcp//unknown/// 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 45454/open/tcp/// index = ports_services sourcetype = nonwindows:ports Host Ports \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "Ports:\s+(?<ports>.+)\/\/" \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 (?i)Host:\s(?<dest_ip>\S+) \| makemv delim="," ports \| table _time dest_ip ports \| sort dest_ip \| mvexpand ports 0 Karma sundareshr Legend Build on this \| rex field=s max_match=50 "Host:\s(?<dest_ip>\S+)" \| rex field=s max_match=50 "[Ports:\|,]\s?(?<port>\d+)\/(?<status>\w+)\/(?<proto>\w+)\/\/(?<desc>\w+)" \| eval mv=mvzip(port, status) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, proto) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, desc) \| mvexpand mv \| makemv mv delim="," \| eval ports=mvindex(mv, 0) \| table dest_ip, ports 0 Karma rfiscus Path Finder I am close, the only issue I am having is if there is not a desc, the event does not show up. I somehow have to capture the null value in the regex. index = ports_services sourcetype = nonwindows:ports Host Ports \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "Host:\s(?<dest_ip>\S+)" \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "[Ports:\|,]\s?(?<port>\d+)\/(?<status>\w+)\/(?<proto>\w+)\/\/(?<desc>\w+)" \| eval mv=mvzip(port, status) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, proto) \| eval mv=mvzip(mv, desc) \| mvexpand mv \| makemv mv delim="," \| eval ports=mvindex(mv, 0) \| eval status=mvindex(mv, 1) \| eval proto=mvindex(mv, 2) \| eval desc=mvindex(mv, 3) \| table dest_ip ports status proto desc \| sort dest_ip 0 Karma sundareshr Legend I would modify the rex for desc to something like this ([\w+\|\/]) (please test for correctness). OR ...\| eval s=replace(s, "/////", "//unk///") \| rex ... Also, in the rex command, you could change the max_match to 0 (unlimited) vs 50 0 Karma rfiscus Path Finder Sorry, I see, can I do the same thing for the / // /// delimitors? index = ports_services sourcetype = nonwindows:ports Host Ports \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 "Ports:\s+(?.+)" \| rex field=_raw max_match=50 (?i)Host:\s(?\S+) \| makemv delim="," ports \| table _time dest_ip ports \| mvexpand ports 0 Karma rfiscus Path Finder There will be variable number of ports, not always 12. 0 Karma rfiscus Path Finder Search Output should look like this: _time dest_ip port status proto desc 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 22 open tcp ssh 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 80 open tcp http 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 443 open tcp https 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5000 open tcp upnp 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5564 open tcp 2015-11-17 10:23:38 172.30.x.x 5570 open tcp rrac so on and so forth. 0 Karma RMcCurdyDOTcom Explorer I used XtremeNmapParser from github to convert the xml to JSON and then used HEC to send it all to Spunk! https://github.com/xtormin/XtremeNmapParser/issues/1 0 Karma RMcCurdyDOTcom Explorer wrong URL .. https://github.com/freeload101/SCRIPTS/blob/6aa263c55c4d56988c495a731f6b82ea2250be80/Bash/NMAP_FRUIT.sh#L78 0 Karma Get Updates on the Splunk Community! Streamline Data Ingestion With Deployment Server Essentials REGISTER NOW!Every day the list of sources Admins are responsible for gets bigger and bigger, often making the ... Remediate Threats Faster and Simplify Investigations With Splunk Enterprise Security ... REGISTER NOW!Join us for a Tech Talk around our latest release of Splunk Enterprise Security 7.2! We’ll walk ... Introduction to Splunk AI WATCH NOWHow are you using AI in Splunk? Whether you see AI as a threat or opportunity, AI is here to stay. ...	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Bellator 242: Sidney Outlaw vs. Adam Piccolotti among four additions By Nolan KingFebruary 26, 2020 1:50 pm By Nolan King \|February 26, 2020 1:50 pm Four fights have been added to the Bellator 242 lineup, complimenting a championship main and co-main event. Before Ryan Bader defends his title against Vadim Nemkov, and Gegard Mousasi faces Douglas Lima for the vacant middleweight belt, lightweights Sidney Outlaw and Adam Piccolotti will square off. MMA Junkie confirmed the booking with a promotion official following an initial report from Fansided. Bellator 242 takes place May 9 at SAP Center in San Jose, Calif. The event airs on Paramount and streams on DAZN following prelims on MMA Junkie. Outlaw (14-4 MMA, 1-1 BMMA) debuted with the promotion with a victory over veteran Roger Huerta. However, in December, he stepped up as a short-notice replacement and was knocked out by Michael Chandler in 179 seconds. Meanwhile, Piccolotti (12-3 MMA, 8-3 BMMA) has won three out of four fights entering Bellator 242. After he lost a split decision to former UFC champ Benson Henderson in April 2019, Piccolotti reentered the win column with a second-round submission of Jake Smith in September. A welterweight fight between Joaquin Lopez (5-1, 0-0 BMMA) and James Terry (20-11 MMA, 4-5 BMMA), as well as a flyweight fight between Jonathan Adams (0-1-1 MMA, 0-1-1 BMMA) and Edwin de los Santos (0-0 MMA, 0-0 BMMA) and a 165-pound contractweight fight between Mikey Gonzalez (7-1 MMA, 0-0 BMMA) and Arturo Hernandez (4-5 MMA, 0-0 BMMA). With the additions, the Bellator 242 lineup is as follows: Adam Piccolotti, Arturo Hernandez, Bellator 242, Breaking, Edwin de los Santos, James Terry, Joaquin Lopez, Jonathan Adams, Mikey Gonzalez, Sidney Outlaw, Bellator, News Paul Daley hopes to stick around after Bellator 257, but it needs to make sense Corey Anderson puts Ryan Bader on notice after Bellator 257 win: 'He knows' Vadim Nemkov after Bellator 257: 'I'm ready for whoever wins' Anthony Johnson vs. Yoel Romero News· April 18, 2021 4:42 am ·By: Mike Bohn I had another big motherfcking right hand coming for him. News· April 18, 2021 3:50 am ·By: Mike Bohn Ben Askren's boxing match with Jake Paul couldn't have gone worse than it did. Blue Corner· April 18, 2021 2:49 am ·By: Simon Samano, The Blue Corner It shows just how devastating Jake Paul's right hand truly was when it connected with Ben Askren's chin. UFC· April 18, 2021 1:41 am ·By: Danny Segura Robert Whittaker continued his unbeaten run since losing the UFC middleweight title with a brilliant performance. UFC· April 18, 2021 12:59 am ·By: Danny Segura Andre Arlovski, at 42, is still claiming wins in the octagon. News· April 18, 2021 12:59 am ·By: Mike Bohn Jake Paul did what he said he would and knocked out Ben Askren. News· April 17, 2021 11:39 pm ·By: Mike Bohn Frank Mir's venture into the boxing world proved unsuccessful. UFC· April 17, 2021 8:39 pm ·By: MMA Junkie Staff UFC on ESPN 22 takes place Saturday in Las Vegas, and you can discuss the event here. UFC· April 17, 2021 8:20 pm ·By: John Morgan The grudge match will have to wait, as Jeremey Stephens vs. Drakkar Klose was called off just before the start of UFC on ESPN 22. PFL· April 17, 2021 3:00 pm ·By: Farah Hannoun Bubba Jenkins is unfazed by the challenge of taking on two-time PFL featherweight champion Lance Palmer right off the bat. Thanks for signing up.Please check your email for a confirmation. Something went wrong. Sign up for our newsletter and get every update delivered to your inbox! Please re-enter your email address. You'll now receive the top MMA Junkie stories each day directly in your inbox. Bellator 257 results: Vadim Nemkov outlasts Phil Davis to defend title, advance in grand prix April 16, 2021 Bellator 257 live and official results April 16, 2021 Nate Diaz mocks 'lil btch' Conor McGregor after he pushed for another custom UFC belt April 16, 2021 Bellator 257 results: Corey Anderson pounds out Dovletzhan Yagshimuradov in grand prix April 16, 2021 Corey Anderson puts Ryan Bader on notice after Bellator 257 win: 'He knows' April 17, 2021 Vadim Nemkov after Bellator 257: 'I'm ready for whoever wins' Anthony Johnson vs. Yoel Romero April 17, 2021 Video: What will the headlines read after Ben Askren fights Jake Paul? April 17, 2021 Powered by WordPress VIP More Information Start every day with our most popular content waiting in your inbox. Please re-enter your email address. You'll now receive the top MMA Junkie stories each day directly in your inbox. Please enter an email address. Thanks for signing up. Please check your email for a confirmation. Something went wrong.	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
George Porter George Hornidge Porter (6 December 1920 – 31 August 2002) was a British chemist, who was awarded, together with Manfred Eigen and Ronald George Wreyford Norrish the 1967 Nobel Chemistry Prize "for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the equlibrium by means of very short pulses of energy". Quotes * Science is, on the whole, an informal activity, a life of shirt sleeves and coffee served in beakers. * Nobel Banquet Speech in Stockholm, December 10, 1967.	WIKI
Octavi Aballí Octavi Aballí Aballí (1883 – 20 March 1948) was a Spanish footballer who played as a midfielder for RCD Espanyol. Later he was a doctor. RCD Espanyol Born in Matanzas, Cuba, his family moved to Barcelona so that he could continue his studies. At the turn of the century, Aballí began to practice football, a sport relatively unknown at the time, at the Velódromo de la Bonanova with some friends and other young university students. In late 1900, the 17-year-old Aballí, together with two classmates from the university, Ángel Rodríguez and Luis Roca, created a football team that was officially established on 28 October 1900 as the Sociedad Española de Fútbol, which is now known as RCD Espanyol. The club's board of directors was subsequently elected and Aballí was named as its treasurer, a position he held for just one season (1900–01). Together with Ángel Ponz, Luciano Lizárraga, Telesforo Álvarez, and Rodríguez, he represented Espanyol in the very first Spanish club to win an official title, the 1900–01 Copa Macaya, which was the first football competition played on the Iberian Peninsula. However, he only played in one match, on 27 January 1901 against FC Barcelona, which ended in a 1–4 loss. Aballí kept playing for Espanyol until 1905, when he began appearing in formations of the reserve team. He remained loyal to the club until 1905, when Español had to suspend its activities due to a lack of players since most of them were university students who enrolled to study at universities outside Catalonia in the 1905–06 academic year. Most of the remaining players, including Joaquim Carril, Ángel Ponz, and goalkeeper Pedro Gibert, joined the ranks of X Sporting Club, but Aballí decided to retire instead. International career On 15 September 1902, Aballí went down in history as one of the 22 footballers who played in the very first match of the Barcelona City Team, a precursor to the Catalan national team, starting in a 3–3 draw with a team from Tiana at their field, on the occasion of the festivities of that town. Honours RCD Espanyol * Copa Macaya: * Champions: 1902–03 * Copa Barcelona: * Runner-up: 1902–03 * Catalan Championships: * Champions: 1903–04	WIKI
Ensurepass QUESTION 11 In order for an ODBC application running on Microsoft Windows to connect to PureData System for Analytics, which two steps must be performed? (Choose two.) A. Install nzsql forWindows. B. Install nzAdmin for Windows. C. Install an ODBC driver for Windows. D. Install an ODBC Driver Manager for Windows. E. Create or modify a Data Source Name (DSN) for a connection to a database. Correct Answer: CE QUESTION 12 What CANNOT be measured and managed by system views? A. Temperature values on S-blade. B. Status of the host attached storage. C. Power supply status for each frame. D. Resource group utilization and history. Correct Answer: B QUESTION 13 What will prevent a GROOM TABLE command from running on a table named TableA? A. If there are any materialized views on the table TableA. B. If there are any active selects running against the table TableA. C. If there are any active nzloads running againstthe table TableA. D. If there are any active updates running against the table TableA. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 14 Which command is used to abort a user’s SQL transaction? A. kill B. abort C. nzstop D. nzsession Correct Answer: D QUESTION 15 What function can n zbackup perform? A. Back up pg.log files. B. Back up TEMP tables. C. Back up host data (catalog metadata). D. Back up the data using the specified number of streams. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 16 A group has a resource allocation maximum of 50% and the job maximum is set to 1. Two users within this resource groupeach execute 1 job at the same time, which statement is correct? A. Each job gets 25% and both run at the same time. B. Each job gets 50% but only one job runs at a time. C. Each job gets 50% and both run at the same time. D. You cannot set the job maximum per resource group. Correct Answer: B QUESTION 17 Name the CLI application that allows you to load data from ASCII files to database tables? A. nzload B. loadmgr C. nzimport D. nzrestore Correct Answer: A QUESTION 18 You have access to two databases, DEV and PROD. Currently you are connected to the DEV database. Which operation is permitted? A. Delete from PROD..TableA B. Select * from PROD..TableA C. Truncate table PROD..TableA D. Insert into PROD..TableA select * from DEV..TableB Correct Answer: B QUESTION 19 To create a database table, at a minimum, what must be specified? A. column name and data type. B. column name, data type and primary key. C. column name, data type and default constraint. D. column name, data type and distribute on clause. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 20 Where are the database log files located? A. /var/log B. /usr/local C. /nz/kit/log D. The SYSTEM database Correct Answer: C Free VCE & PDF File for IBM P2090-050 Real Exam Instant Access to Free VCE Files: CompTIA \| VMware \| SAP … Instant Access to Free PDF Files: CompTIA \| VMware \| SAP … Comments are closed.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Talk:Adorn (song) Single cover Is the one on here actually official? It claims lescharts.com as its reference, which in turn claims the cover is (presumably) from a digital promo. Is lescharts.com (or any of the other Hung Medien sites) actually reliable for official artwork? As far as I can tell, the single cover here is just two still-frames from the beginning of the (second) music video shoddily shopped together. As the article already correctly points out, the song wasn't released as a standalone digital single (unless you count the remix); it was first available on the mixtape and originally available for purchase through the preview EP.Mmrsofgreen (talk) 01:17, 7 December 2014 (UTC) Genre Diff in question; The SoulBounce.com writer's rhetoric of "electro soul slice of niceness" doesnt support electro and soul as genres here. "Electro soul", what the writer uses, is not a genre, but an anachronism, as soul music is rooted musically in gospel, not any electronic music style; contemporary R&B is however, and the Allmusic source I cited supports the genre here being "R&B". This wasnt an unexplained change (check the edit history, 21:08, 20 October 2012‎) Dan56 (talk) 05:10, 26 October 2012 (UTC) This is no anachronism. If you look on the electro page, you can even see them mention electro soul. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:51, 26 October 2012 (UTC) * Thank you for responding. Dan56 (talk) 05:54, 26 October 2012 (UTC) * You made your point, yet this revision doesnt make sense, according to you pointing out "electro-soul", along with the other changes. Dan56 (talk) 06:00, 26 October 2012 (UTC) Music Video Can someone get an explanation of the music video? — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:11, 10 November 2012 (UTC) External links modified Hello fellow Wikipedians, I have just modified 11 external links on Adorn (song). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes: * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.thefader.com/2012/11/16/miguel-second-wind/ * Corrected formatting/usage for http://consequenceofsound.net/2012/10/album-review-miguel-kaleidoscope-dream/ * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.allmusic.com/album/kaleidoscope-dream-mw0002413681 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.spin.com/ * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/164313-miguel-kaleidoscope-dream/ * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/kaleidoscope-dream-20121005 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2013/1/21/miguel-talks-about-kaleidoscope-dreams-sex-driven-moments.html * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130424132118/http://www.fmqb.com/Article.asp?id=69239 to http://www.fmqb.com/Article.asp?id=69239 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143950/http://blogs.seattleweekly.com/reverb/2012/10/nice_hits_is_a_reverb_17.php to http://blogs.seattleweekly.com/reverb/2012/10/nice_hits_is_a_reverb_17.php * Corrected formatting/usage for http://social.entertainment.msn.com/music/blogs/expert-witness-blogpost.aspx?post=4ae4a71f-e229-44a9-ae0d-5f3bf53cc93b * Added archive https://archive.is/20121030110842/http://www.ariacharts.com.au/news/33225/chartifacts to http://www.ariacharts.com.au/news/33225/chartifacts Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 04:00, 27 June 2017 (UTC)	WIKI
User:Learnerktm I am from Nepal trying to use wikisource. I like books related to agriculture, literature, drama... many more... :)	WIKI
Adelpha radiata Adelpha radiata, the striated sister, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Hans Fruhstorfer in 1915. It is found from Costa Rica and Panama to Ecuador, Venezuela, French Guiana and Brazil. Subspecies * A. r. radiata (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catharina) * A. r. aiellae Willmott & Hall, 1999 (Panama to western Ecuador) * A. r. explicator Willmott & Hall, 1999 (eastern Ecuador) * A. r. gilletella Brévignon, 1995 (French Guiana) * A. r. myrlea Fruhstorfer, 1915 (Brazil: Espirito Santo to Rio de Janeiro) * A. r. romeroi Willmott & Neild, 2003 (Venezuela)	WIKI
Bhadla Bhadla is a village in Jasdan Taluka of Rajkot district, Gujarat, India. It is about eighteen miles south-east of Rajkot. History During the British Raj, Bhadla was the chief town of the small mahal of the same name, and, like Atkot, was originally a Kathi holding, but was acquired by Nawanagar State during the time of Meraman Khavas. The Bhadla (vid) grassland is very large. It yields about 10,000,000 pulies or bundles of grass in a good year.	WIKI
Deividas Stagniūnas Deividas Stagniūnas (born 28 April 1985) is a Lithuanian former ice dancer. With Isabella Tobias, he is the 2011 Skate America bronze medalist and placed in the top ten at two European Championships. They represented Lithuania at the 2014 Winter Olympics, where Stagniūnas was the flagbearer. Early years Stagniūnas began skating at age five. He moved to the United States at age 15 to skate with a partner. Early in his career, Stagniūnas was coached by Walter Wielunski and Natalia Dubova, who trained him in ice dancing. They trained in Darien, Illinois, where he lived with his partner, Laura Whipple. He and Whipple won the senior bronze medal at the Lake Placid ice dancing competition, representing Lithuania. In the 2003–2004 season, Stagniūnas began skating with Kayla Nicole Frey. They competed internationally on the junior level and were three-time (2004–2006) Lithuanian silver medalists. Partnership with Copely In 2006, Stagniūnas formed a partnership with American Katherine Copely. They became the 2007 Lithuanian national champions and 2006 and 2007 Golden Spin of Zagreb bronze medalists. The duo qualified an entry for the 2010 Winter Olympics in the ice dancing event when they placed 14th at the 2009 World Championships. According to IOC rules, competitors must have citizenship of the country they are representing; however, Copely's special request for citizenship was denied by Lithuanian President Dalia Grybauskaitė. The spot was left unfilled. Copely retired from competition due to an injury which was subsequently treated arthroscopically, followed by a complete recovery. She is currently attending medical school in the U.S. Partnership with Tobias In spring 2010, Stagniūnas teamed up with American ice dancer Isabella Tobias. They initially trained under Igor Shpilband and Marina Zueva in Canton, Michigan. Tobias/Stagniūnas made their debut at the 2010 Nebelhorn Trophy, where they placed 11th, and won their first international medal, bronze, at the 2010 NRW Trophy. At their first European and World Championships, they placed 12th and 14th, respectively. Tobias/Stagniūnas won bronze at a Grand Prix event, the 2011 Skate America. In June 2012, they moved from Canton, Michigan to Novi, Michigan, following coach Igor Shpilband. According to IOC rules, Olympic competitors must be citizens of the country they are representing. In order to allow the team to compete at the 2014 Winter Olympics, Tobias submitted an application for Lithuanian citizenship in October 2012. It was denied on 7 January 2013. Tobias/Stagniūnas withdrew from the 2013 European Championships as a result of Stagniūnas' back problem. By finishing 15th at the 2013 World Championships in London, Ontario, they qualified a spot for Lithuania in the Olympic ice dancing event. Tobias was granted Lithuanian citizenship in December 2013. Tobias/Stagniūnas placed ninth at the 2014 European Championships in January in Budapest, 17th at the 2014 Winter Olympics in February in Sochi, and then 15th at the 2014 World Championships in March in Saitama. On 2 May 2014 Stagniūnas announced his competitive retirement due to recurring injuries. Results GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Grand Prix	WIKI
Sidney H. Lazard Sidney Herold Lazard (December 18, 1930 – November 3, 2015) was an American business leader in the oil and gas industries and a champion contract bridge player. He attended Tulane University and was a lifelong New Orleans resident until 2001, when he moved to Dallas, Texas. Lazard was inducted into the ACBL Hall of Fame in 2000. Sidney H. Lazard, Jr. Sportsmanship Award In 2001, Lazard established the Sidney H. Lazard, Jr. Sportsmanship Award in honor of his son, who died in 1999 after battling cancer. The annual award celebrates sportsmanlike characteristics and aims to recognize those who "play hard but fair and hold no grudges." "I designed the award as a way to honor his memory by recognizing top bridge players who emulate the ideal that I saw in my son, and to encourage all players to aspire to that standard." The 2016 recipient was Boye Brogeland. Honors * ACBL Hall of Fame, 2000 Wins * North American Bridge Championships (14) * Blue Ribbon Pairs (1) 2002 * North American Pairs (1) 1990 * Vanderbilt (1) 1970 * Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams (1) 1977 * Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match (5) 1963, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1982 * Reisinger (2) 1960, 1997 * Spingold (3) 1954, 1958, 1968 Runners-up * North American Bridge Championships * Rockwell Mixed Pairs (1) 1959 * Wernher Open Pairs (2) 1967, 1997 * Nail Life Master Open Pairs (1) 2001 * Open Pairs (1928-1962) (1) 1957 * Grand National Teams (2) 1987, 2004 * Jacoby Open Swiss Teams (1) 1983 * Vanderbilt (2) 1967, 1994 * Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams (4) 1954, 1956, 1961, 1965 * Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match (1) 1961 * Reisinger (3) 1968, 1969, 1975 * Spingold (2) 1966, 1973	WIKI
0 votes by (320 points) edited Is it possible to package using filestream and place the packaged file into a remote server by "copying". or should i place the packaged file by "FTPing" ? Applies to: File Transfer Pack by (17.7k points) edited Could you be, please, more specific? What do you meen by "FTPing" in contrast to "copying"? by (320 points) edited If I try to place the file using normal "File Copy" option, I call it copying, whereas if I try to place it on a remote FTP location and if I use FTP methodologies to place it, I call it as "FTPing" 1 Answer 0 votes by (17.7k points) edited I'm not sure what do you exactly mean with "packaging a file". But once you have a filestream, you can: • either copy the stream to a file on local disc or on network folder using the system CopyTo method, • or copy the stream to an FTP server using the Rebex FTP/SSL component. Here is an example for both ways: using System; using System.IO; using Rebex.Net; namespace Rebex.Examples { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { bool copyUsingFtp = true; // create a source stream // (we obtain it simply by opening a file, it woud be more complicated in your application) using (FileStream src = File.OpenRead(@"c:\temp\file1.txt")) { // copy the stream content to the destination... if (copyUsingFtp) // ... etiher using FTP ... FtpFile(src, "/temp/copied_file.txt"); else // ... or using system file copy CopyFile(src, @"c:\temp\copied_file.txt"); } } private static void CopyFile(FileStream src, string dstFilename) { // create stream for destination file (in "overwrite" mode) using (FileStream dst = new FileStream(dstFilename, FileMode.Create)) { // copy the stream using system CopyTo method (new in .NET 4.0) src.CopyTo(dst); } } private static void FtpFile(FileStream src, string dstFilename) { // create a Rebex FTP/SSL client object using (Ftp client = new Ftp()) { // connect and login to the remote FTP server client.Connect("ftpserveraddress.com"); client.Login("username", "password"); // upload the source stream to the FTP server client.PutFile(src, dstFilename); // disconnect from the FTP server client.Disconnect(); } } } } Note: The CopyTo method is new in .NET 4.0. For older versions of .NET framework you can copy streams manually e.g according the following article. ...	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Mediterranean Sea View 2017 Mediterranean Sea View 2017 is a set of three reworked oil paintings designed by Banksy. Each portion of the piece depicts the Mediterranean seascape filled with life vests and flotation devices beached on the shores. Originally displayed in the Walled Off Hotel in Bethlehem, it was then donated to ABCD Bethlehem, a nonprofit medical organization. The set of three paintings was then sold in a Sotheby auction in 2020 for £2.2 million ($2.9 million), with the proceeds donated to providing medical equipment for the Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation (BASR) hospital. Two anonymous buyers bought the art, and the piece is currently in a private location. Description Mediterranean Sea View 2017 is a triptych of reworked oil paintings. The centerpiece is the largest, with two smaller paintings at its side. Each section depicts a 19th-century seascape with crashing waves filled with empty lifejackets and buoys floating in the water or shored on land. The painting alludes to the lives lost at sea during the European migrant crisis of the 2010s. Many refugees struggled to cross the Mediterranean Sea in makeshift boats and rafts toward Italy and Greece, with thousands of migrants dying each year in the process. In 2015, more than 3,770 migrants were reported to have died crossing the Mediterranean. Although the European Union reported that the migration crisis was over in 2019, Banksy has continued projects to help with migration issues within the Mediterranean region. The Mediterranean Sea View 2017 is not Banksy’s first piece created to address varying crises within Europe and the Middle East. Many Banksy paintings that visualize the conflicts between Israel and Palestine can be found in the Walled Off Hotel, the original location of Mediterranean Sea View 2017. The Walled Off Hotel was built next to the Israeli West Bank barrier, revealing a purposeful message of coexistence in the Holy Lands, according to hotel management. In addition to paintings, Banksy has created many public graffiti works in Israel and Palestine, with nine pieces being painted on the concrete barrier in 2005, including Rage, the Flower Thrower. Mediterranean Sea View 2017, among many other of Banksy’s art pieces, is an example of the artist publicly critiquing varying European and Middle Eastern government handlings of prevalent institutional and cultural issues. Style of Painting Mediterranean Sea View 2017 is an oil-paint triptych. A triptych has three connected panels of artwork and is a type of polyptych, the term for art pieces with multi-panel sections. The creation of Mediterranean Sea View 2017 consists of three reworked oil paintings of an original triptych. The original paintings consist of a 19th-century seascape that bears similarities to Romantic-era paintings. Although Banksy did not create the original oil paintings, the ‘found’ art pieces served as a platform to continue the artist’s contemporary messaging and public expression through existing spaces. Banksy is a self-professed “art vandal,” with the artist’s public graffiti art being painted on walls and spaces that do not belong to him. Banksy’s other vandalistic art projects have symbolized issues similarly to how Mediterranean Sea View 2017 addressed the migration crisis. Near the French coastal town of Calais, Banksy painted the mural The Son of a Migrant from Syria, depicting Steve Jobs, Apple's creator. Commenting on the meaning behind the graffiti, Banksy explained that Steve Jobs was the son of a Syrian immigrant and that annual seven billion dollars in tax revenue “only exists because they allowed in a young man from Homs.” Although Banksy’s use of public spaces for art is illegal vandalism, the artist creates works that act as a tool for political and social messaging, ironically rebelling against institutional and political systems through the rebellious act of graffiti. As seen with both The Son of a Migrant from Syria and Mediterranean Sea View 2017, Banksy reuses existing land and art pieces to reveal prevalent issues of the migration crisis throughout the Mediterranean Basin. Sale and donation The triptych was donated to a nonprofit organization named ABCD Bethlehem, a group that provides medical support to Palestinian children with disabilities. The paintings were then auctioned off by Sotheby on July 28, 2020, for more than £2.2 million ($2.9 million) to two anonymous buyers. The final sale nearly doubled the original pre-sale auction estimate of £1.2 million ($1.5 million), accumulating more revenue than expected. The proceeds from the auction were allocated towards building an acute stroke unit and buying children’s rehabilitation equipment for the Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation (BASR) hospital in Bethlehem. Interpretations Mediterranean Sea View 2017 is one of many examples of how Banksy confronts political and cultural problems through the outlet of art. Mediterranean Sea View 2017 revealed the issues with the European migrant crisis by drawing the viewer's attention towards the deaths of the migrants. Although the European Union declared that the migrant crisis was over in March 2019, Banksy has continued to allocate resources toward solving migration issues. Although Mediterranean Sea View 2017 has been sold and its money has been donated to projects in the Middle East, Banksy continues to aid migrants traveling through the Mediterranean. An example of the artist’s modern-day efforts is seen through the artist-funded relief ship, the M.V. Louise Michel.	WIKI
India's top court to probe threat accusations against politician accused of rape NEW DELHI (Reuters) - India’s Supreme Court will look into accusations that a powerful regional politician threatened the family of a woman who accused him of rape, the chief justice said on Wednesday, stepping into a case that has triggered outrage. The case has become a political embarrassment for Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) as the legislator belongs to the ruling party and opposition groups accuse the government of moving too slowly to investigate. The woman is battling for her life after a weekend car crash in her northern home state of Uttar Pradesh that police are investigating after her family said they were being targeted. Weeks before the collision, the family wrote to the Supreme Court saying they faced threats from the legislator she accused, and the chief justice said he would look into the matter. “We (will) try to do something constructive in the midst of this highly destructive volatile environment,” Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi said in court. The state legislator, Kuldeep Singh Sengar, has denied the accusation of rape and any involvement in the car crash that has brought the case back into the public spotlight. A lawyer for Sengar declined to comment to Reuters on Wednesday’s news of the Supreme Court move. The woman was still critical, said staff at the hospital in the state capital of Lucknow. Her lawyer, who was traveling with her, is also fighting for his life. Opposition leaders accuse the BJP of protecting Sengar after the case stirred public attention in 2018, when the woman tried to kill herself, saying police had refused to take her complaint. “I hope the victims will now get justice,” said Mayawati, a former chief minister of the state and the leader of a major regional party, welcoming the Supreme Court’s intervention. Reuters reviewed a copy of the family’s letter that said Sengar’s relatives and associates had twice threatened grave consequences in July if they pursued the matter. Modi, who won a general election by a landslide in May after a campaign that promised greater attention to women’s safety, including swift investigation and trial for rapes, has not commented on the case. His party is also in power in Uttar Pradesh, India’s most populous state. Reporting by Suchitra Mohanty; Writing by Devjyot Ghoshal; Editing by Sanjeev Miglani and Clarence Fernandez	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Set cordova cli 6 on xubuntu 15.10 installare node: $sudo apt-get install nodejs installare npm, node package manager: sudo apt-get install npm Possiamo testare che ci siano, chiedendo la versione: $node -v $npm -v creare un collegamento simbolico per chiamare nodejs con il solo nome: node sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/bin/node non deve rispondere niente il precederente comando. Installiamo android studio, aggiungendo un repository con il code apposito per ubuntu, disponibile da https://paolorotolo.github.io/android-studio/ : $sudo apt-add-repository ppa:paolorotolo/android-studio $sudo apt-get update $sudo apt-get install android-studio Dimentichiamoci di android per un pochino ed intanto procediamo e installiamoci cordova cli, guardiamo qui: https://cordova.apache.org/docs/en/latest/guide/cli/index.html Prima cosa vediamo se abbiamo anche git $sudo apt-get install git E poi installiamo cordova $sudo npm install -g cordova potrebbe essere necessario pulire la cache di node con un “node cache clean” Proviamo a vedere se è davvero installato con “cordova -v”, mi rende il numero della versione che è ora la 6.1.0 Compiliamo la prima app di prova: $ cordova create hello com.example.hello HelloWorld $cd hello/ Ora entrando nella cartella hello/www/index.html dentro alla nostra home, troveremo il nostro primo progetto, che possiamo subito vedere da browser. E’ un template html, e lo script in js che chiede alle API di cordova se c’è un dispositivo mobile, non risponderà. Quindi rimarrà sempre un grigio: Connecting to Device Ecco cosa ci permetterà di fare cordova cli Quindi abbiamo deciso che lo proviamo per il sistema operativo Android. https://cordova.apache.org/docs/en/latest/guide/platforms/android/index.html#requirements-and-support Quindi vediamo se abbiamo java: $java -showversion Io ho già installato :java version “1.7.0_95” OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.6.4) (7u95-2.6.4-0ubuntu0.15.10.2) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.95-b01, mixed mode) quindi provo così. (sbagliato) OK, android studio (che ha finito di installarsi) non funziona: si lamenta del jdk (java development kit) Proviamo a vedere se cordova funziona: $cordova platform add android $cordova requirements No, da un sacco di errori: Failed to find ‘JAVA_HOME’ environment variable. Try setting setting it manually. Android SDK: not installed Failed to find ‘ANDROID_HOME’ environment variable. Try setting setting it manually. Failed to find ‘android’ command in your ‘PATH’. Try update your ‘PATH’ to include path to valid SDK directory. Android target: not installed Android SDK not found. Make sure that it is installed. If it is not at the default location, set the ANDROID_HOME environment variable. Gradle: not installed Could not find gradle wrapper within Android SDK. Could not find Android SDK directory. Might need to install Android SDK or set up ‘ANDROID_HOME’ env variable. Error: Some of requirements check failed (GIUSTO)Quindi si installa dal ppa per ubuntu. java 8 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16263556/installing-java-7-on-ubuntu $sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java $sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-set-default OK, riprovo a far partire android studio. Funziona Quindi andiamo in Configure >> SDKmanager E ci copiato il path dove troveremo i file android che ci interessano es: /home/mioutente/Android/Sdk Quindi andiamo a creare il file .bashprofile in home, con l’editor di testo più comodo. $nano .bash_profile Questo è il mio file: export ANDROID_HOME=/home/cri/Android/Sdk/ export PATH=${PATH}:/home/cri/Android/Sdk/platform-tools:/Android/Sdk/tools Faccio utilizzare il mio file bash_profile: source ~/.bash_profile Quindi provo se funziona: ~/hello$ cordova requirements Requirements check results for android: Java JDK: installed . Android SDK: installed Android target: installed android-23 Gradle: installed Bella risposta! Provo a fargli compilare il progetto android: cordova build android BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 2 mins 51.058 secs Built the following apk(s): /home/cri/hello/platforms/android/build/outputs/apk/android-debug.apk OK , ora possiamo fare un cordova android run Se abbiamo un dispositivo android da connettere con l’usa, in modalità sviluppatore attivata e con il setting: debugging via usb. Allora, potremo vedere la nostra app Hello che si installa sul dispositivo e la scritta su sfondo verde: Device is ready GIT su GANDI! Dunque, come configurare il repository git che ci spetta per l’uso dell’hosting gandi?! Eseguire sulla propria macchina in locale: Cioè, non dalla console SSH connessi alla macchina remota :) chiaro, no? $ mkdir albero.redup.xyz $ cd albero.redup.xyz/ $ git init Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/redesignnomade/albero.redup.xyz/.git/ $ git remote add origin git+ssh://XXXXXX@git.dc0.gpaas.net/albero.redup.xyz.git $ mkdir htdocs $ echo "helloworld" > htdocs/index.html $ git add htdocs $ git commit -m "primo index.html prova" [master (root-commit) d0635ce] primo index.html prova Committer: RedesignDev 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 htdocs/index.html MacBook-Pro-di-Redesign:albero.redup.xyz redesignnomade$ git push origin master The authenticity of host 'git.dc0.gpaas.net (217.70.180.142)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:1Tpwj0UT92ARAGczV2ha6tBE3lQz0uLvBRWCaIPmh6I. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'git.dc0.gpaas.net,217.70.180.142' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. XXXXXXX@git.dc0.gpaas.net's password: Counting objects: 4, done. Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 292 bytes \| 0 bytes/s, done. Total 4 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To git+ssh://XXXXXXX@git.dc0.gpaas.net/albero.redup.xyz.git * [new branch] master -> master OK, ora si rebootta l’istanza remota e si dovrebbe trovare sia il git online che i suoi file visualizzati, quindi l’index con scritto Hello world. Vero!: Sgrunt, l’unica pecca è che per lavorarci con qualcuno gli dovrei dare la pasw generaleglobaleuniversale. E questo non è possibile.. vabbhè, però almeno lui può clonarselo in locale e mergiare localmente.. meglio che niente.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Dossier: Running coaching Portable coaches In the past we had pedometers, now we have fitness wristbands and activity trackers. These trendy wristbands use various sensors to track our movements – even when we’re asleep. In 2016, more than 150 million wearables were sold worldwide, and around 100 million of these were smart watches and fitness wristbands. Fitbit Flex 2 and Sanitas Active app for Nicole and Christoph Fitness wristbands are a great, relatively inexpensive way to incorporate more exercise into your everyday life. And they’re really effective at keeping you motivated when you reach your daily target. Nicole Abgottspon and Christoph Blanik, the Sanitas running coaching candidates, are wearing Fitbit activity trackers which are linked to the Sanitas Active app. “Trackers and sports watches are really useful gadgets for running novices”, says coach and former European marathon champion Viktor Röthlin, “because people new to running haven’t yet developed a good sense of body awareness.” Sports watches that also record speed and heart frequency are particularly good at helping runners to develop a good sense of their running intensity. Over time, you stop glancing at your wrist and only start to analyse your data when you’re finished. “Men are often completely out of touch with their bodies and train with too high an intensity”, says Röthlin. Women, on the other hand, tend to stick to their comfort zone, and always like to have some reserve just in case. Trackers and sports watches are really useful gadgets for running novices High tech gadgets or the talk test? A heart rate sensor with GPS or any number of training apps with or without a tracker can also prove useful depending on your training goals and fitness levels. It’s still possible, of course to train properly without high tech gadgets. Viktor Röthlin recommends applying the talk test: a simple, tried-and-tested method of monitoring training intensity. Take the talk test! 1. Optimum training zone For beginners, the ideal pace is when you’re able to hold a conversation with ease. Hardened couch potatoes reach this phase with just a brisk walk. Single moderate training sessions can be added depending on the training plan and goal. 2. Moderate training You’re still able to manage whole sentences during a gentle jog. Adding a light jog increases the training effect. Single rigorous training sessions can be added depending on the training plan and goal. 3. Rigorous training The pace is so fast that you’re only able to say a couple of words every now and then. Not the right level of intensity for beginners. 4. Very rigorous training You can’t speak when running at this speed. Not recommended for recreational runners or, at most, during the last few metres of a race.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
mfbt/ChaosMode.h author B2G Bumper Bot <release+b2gbumper@mozilla.com> Mon, 22 Feb 2016 20:52:33 -0800 changeset 325574 f177f8ec083efc5ddb5d3c854ae7bb383b1b6a45 parent 284762 fe2800b80350314ab5cdab826f69f2837a4c3fd6 child 329300 9adc763aae7608252bb3e9df1ef7888da4f9f2ba permissions -rw-r--r-- Bumping gaia.json for 2 gaia revision(s) a=gaia-bump ======== https://hg.mozilla.org/integration/gaia-central/rev/8c0f20540765 Author: Ricky Chien <rickychien@users.noreply.github.com> Desc: Merge pull request #34079 from rickychien/show-hint-after-load Bug 1250032 - [Marketplace] Hint should show after the app finish loading r=@luke-chang ======== https://hg.mozilla.org/integration/gaia-central/rev/8dd0b87892a1 Author: Ricky Chien <ricky060709@gmail.com> Desc: Bug 1250032 - [Marketplace] Hint should show after the app finish loading /* -- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -- / / vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: / / This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. / #ifndef mozilla_ChaosMode_h #define mozilla_ChaosMode_h #include "mozilla/Atomics.h" #include "mozilla/EnumSet.h" #include <stdint.h> #include <stdlib.h> namespace mozilla { enum ChaosFeature { None = 0x0, // Altering thread scheduling. ThreadScheduling = 0x1, // Altering network request scheduling. NetworkScheduling = 0x2, // Altering timer scheduling. TimerScheduling = 0x4, // Read and write less-than-requested amounts. IOAmounts = 0x8, // Iterate over hash tables in random order. HashTableIteration = 0x10, Any = 0xffffffff, }; namespace detail { extern MFBT_DATA Atomic<uint32_t> gChaosModeCounter; extern MFBT_DATA ChaosFeature gChaosFeatures; } // namespace detail /* * When "chaos mode" is activated, code that makes implicitly nondeterministic * choices is encouraged to make random and extreme choices, to test more * code paths and uncover bugs. / class ChaosMode { public: static void SetChaosFeature(ChaosFeature aChaosFeature) { detail::gChaosFeatures = aChaosFeature; } static bool isActive(ChaosFeature aFeature) { if (detail::gChaosModeCounter > 0) { return true; } return detail::gChaosFeatures & aFeature; } /* * Increase the chaos mode activation level. An equivalent number of * calls to leaveChaosMode must be made in order to restore the original * chaos mode state. If the activation level is nonzero all chaos mode * features are activated. / static void enterChaosMode() { detail::gChaosModeCounter++; } /* * Decrease the chaos mode activation level. See enterChaosMode(). / static void leaveChaosMode() { MOZ_ASSERT(detail::gChaosModeCounter > 0); detail::gChaosModeCounter--; } /* * Returns a somewhat (but not uniformly) random uint32_t < aBound. * Not to be used for anything except ChaosMode, since it's not very random. / static uint32_t randomUint32LessThan(uint32_t aBound) { MOZ_ASSERT(aBound != 0); return uint32_t(rand()) % aBound; } }; } / namespace mozilla / #endif / mozilla_ChaosMode_h */	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
BRIEF-Bank Cler FY Net Interest Income Up At CHF 186.9 Mln Feb 8 (Reuters) - BANK CLER AG: * ANNUAL PROFIT OF BANK CLER AMOUNTS TO CHF 38.3 MILLION (2016: CHF 45.7 MILLION) * EXPECTS A RELIEF ON THE COST SIDE AND IN 2018 SLIGHTLY HIGHER PROFIT LEVEL COMPARED TO 2017 * ‍FY NET INTEREST INCOME CHF 186.9 MILLION (2016: CHF 173.8 MILLION) * SEES IN 2018 WITH CONTINOUS DOWN-FIELD OF NETWORK Source text - bit.ly/2EPQ4mX Further company coverage: (Gdynia Newsroom)	NEWS-MULTISOURCE
Digit Counts Question Count the number of k's between 0 and n. k can be 0 - 9. Example if n=12, k=1 in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], we have FIVE 1's (1, 10, 11, 12) 题解 leetcode 上的有点简单，这里以 Lintcode 上的为例进行说明。找出从0至整数 n 中出现数位k的个数，与整数有关的题大家可能比较容易想到求模求余等方法，但其实很多与整数有关的题使用字符串的解法更为便利。将整数 i 分解为字符串，然后遍历之，自增 k 出现的次数即可。 C++ class Solution { public: /* * param k : As description. * param n : As description. * return: How many k's between 0 and n. / int digitCounts(int k, int n) { char c = k + '0'; int count = 0; for (int i = k; i <= n; i++) { for (auto s : to_string(i)) { if (s == c) count++; } } return count; } }; Java class Solution { / * param k : As description. * param n : As description. * return: An integer denote the count of digit k in 1..n */ public int digitCounts(int k, int n) { int count = 0; char kChar = (char)(k + '0'); for (int i = k; i <= n; i++) { char[] iChars = Integer.toString(i).toCharArray(); for (char iChar : iChars) { if (kChar == iChar) count++; } } return count; } } 源码分析太简单了，略复杂度分析时间复杂度 O(n×L)O(n \times L), L 为n 的最大长度，拆成字符数组，空间复杂度 O(L)O(L). results matching "" powered by No results matching ""	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/88888 Lights Out The result was Keep. Sort of an unlikely seeming article I admit, but hey, we just do what the WP:RS tell us to do, and a solid consensus to keep developed as improvements were made. Xymmax So let it be written So let it be done 22:49, 18 November 2008 (UTC) 88888 Lights Out * ( [ delete] ) – (View AfD) (View log) Wikipedia si not the place to spread your campaigns Damiens .rf 17:17, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Delete Non-notable environmental campaign, does not deserve an article. Theseeker4 (talk) 17:47, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Delete Non-notable environmental campaign. Paste (talk) 17:48, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Speedy delete (G11) for polluting Wikipedia with mountains of SPAM. MuZemike ( talk ) 18:35, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Speedy delete as blatant advertising.--Boffob (talk) 19:05, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Keep The problem I have is that the article has sources that soundly pass WP:RS. The current article is marginal and a bit junk, I agree, but it is salvageable and is certainly not speedy material. I have never heard of it, and the only reason I can possibly think it is notable is because three different publications think so, and they are cited in this article, including http://www.indiatimes.com and http://www.thehindu.com. Do I think turning your lights off for 8 minutes to call attention to global warming is tree hugging foolishness? Yes. Yes I do. But my opinion isn't the issue, the sources are. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 19:30, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Comment Please note that I put my money where my mouth was, stubbed it, organized the citations a little better, removed the peacock terms and turned it into an article about an event that was covered by some newspapers. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 19:42, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Delete. The sources for this article only really mention that the event will happen, there's really nothing about its significance or notability. The article itself doesn't really address this either. --Amwestover (talk\|contrib) 21:20, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * That is very misleading. The articles that are used as sources, all 4, are completely about the event. They are not just mentioning it in passing, nor quick blurbs saying "this will happen at $x date". This one is after the event. The articles are fairly in depth and only about this topic. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 22:26, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * And that one is not used as a reference in the article. --Amwestover (talk\|contrib) 22:59, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Actually it is, under "Press". Keep in mind, I just walked in and starting fixing it. That link was already there tho. I am not saying this is the most important thing since the compact fluorescent bulb, I am just saying it passes general notability by the fact that several newspapers have talked about it. The article was more of a mess than it is now, and now is what should be considered. It is sourced. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 23:07, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Clarify It was a source, but not an inline citation. Now it is an inline citation. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 23:11, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Weak keep I'm trusting in Dennis Brown, there probably are non-english sources, and there is no reason to exclude them. Ten Pound Hammer and his otters • (Broken clamshells • Otter chirps • HELP) 22:58, 13 November 2008 (UTC) * Delete or possibly merge I see a newspaper talking about a event in one particular building or housing complex--everything else in prospective. I consider this essentially in the nature of PR and ONEEVENT--had it been notable there would have been very much more coverage. Trivial in the absence of better sources. Arguing from the absence of sources is difficult, but for something where there is much publicity before an event and very little afterwards, the logical conclusion is the event was not of any note. Even a good newspaper can be conned into repeating public relations. — Preceding unsigned comment added by DGG (talk • contribs) DGG (talk) 02:52, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * Keep I would much prefer this article merged and integrated into a broader article about environmentalism and environmental conservation in India. But the references are substantial and the Hindu deemed the event "a success". So based on the notability guidelines it pains me to say the event was notable as demonstrated by mainstream media coverage. Prehaps if the event is repeated it can be included in a better more comprehensive article that wouldn't be such a one event type outlier, but it happened, people covered it substantially. And I it's too soon, I think, to know if it will fade into irrelevancy, but as it stands now it was notable. It could in fact be a notable start to a more notable movement or movements.ChildofMidnight (talk) 00:59, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * They are planning 99999 Lights Out, and I would strongly suggest that both were merged into a single article and didn't have their own articles. If someone were to suggest a proper article for this to be merged into, I would be very open minded. My concern is that we don't lose the information, as there are some good sources here. I fully understand why people had reservations with the article before, but a few people have put some energy into a WP:HEY job, and the information is worth keeping in one form or another. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 01:11, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * Comment This article has been substantially improved since it was first nominated. It is not an advertisement and includes substantial mainstream news media coverage establishing the notability of the event and movement. It will hopefully be itnegrated into an Indian Environmentalism or similar article, I couldn't find any in existence. So deleting this article about the movement's notable beginnings would prevent its later being integrated into a broader and even more notable article about various issues and approaches on the sub-continent (the world's second most populous with over a billion people).ChildofMidnight (talk) 01:32, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * Wow You certainly finished what I started, and did a much better job. (note: Auric did some great work, too.) I would hope those who previously wanted to delete the article would take a look and reevaluate their !votes, and hope the closing admin does the same with diffs. Now that it is integrated into Project India, and Environmentalism, I can it it eventually either be expanded or merged to be the start of something I didn't realize we needed when this started. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 02:01, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * Keep based on the addition of sources, content and context by Dennis, Auric, and ChildofMidnight. Well done, and a nice rebuke to persons who insist that an article is "way beyond fixing". Mandsford (talk) 02:48, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * the place to merge if one wanted to merge would be the sponsor, Exnora International -- which is a very spammy article that could use some attention--and some non-spammy content. I continue not to see enough here to justify an article. This is all the more true if it is one occurrence of what is intended to be an annual event. DGG (talk) 02:52, 14 November 2008 (UTC). * Merge to Exnora International. Michellecrisp (talk) 14:56, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * Comment If this was merged, this article would need to become a redirect to satisfy the GFDL. As a compromise, I think this would be ok. Not my first choice, but a reasonable compromise. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 15:28, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * I oppose the merger. The other article is a mess. This article has demonstrated notability based on numerous media accounts including assessments of the event's outcome (I have a few more to add, but I haven't had a chance). It may be a "merge" candidate in the future. But not to that article and not now. ChildofMidnight (talk) 18:58, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * You are right that the other article is a complete mess. Ironic that it is in worse shape than this article was when it started AFD. D ENNIS B ROWN (T) (C) 19:07, 14 November 2008 (UTC) * Delete Not sufficient evidence of notability here for a standalone article and I see no real reason for a formal merge. Expunge it. Eusebeus (talk) 05:55, 15 November 2008 (UTC) * Keep/merge Evidently notable so deletion is not appropriate. Colonel Warden (talk) 11:50, 15 November 2008 (UTC) * Keep as is appropriately externally referenced to show notability under Wiki guidelines and shows no evidence of COI in edited body of text. DiverScout (talk) 13:54, 15 November 2008 (UTC) * Note: This debate has been included in the list of India-related deletion discussions. -- Raven1977 (talk) 05:41, 16 November 2008 (UTC) * Note: This debate has been included in the list of Environment-related deletion discussions. -- Raven1977 (talk) 05:41, 16 November 2008 (UTC) * Keep because it has substantial coverage which continues after the one event and looks forward to the next one. But it should be part of an article about the lights out campaigns around the world, not just discussed in an Indian context. http://news.google.com/archivesearch?hl=en&um=1&tab=wn&q=%22lights+out++campaign%22&ie=UTF-8 Juzhong (talk) 15:26, 16 November 2008 (UTC) * Keep. This was a symbolic campaign and there was noticeable coverage on Indian Newspapers and television channels. From what I saw, I think it was neither limited to India, nor did it originate here. I remember watching some clippings from Australian cities too. Later, this same article should be used for similar events in future and then article name can be changed as appropriate. Right now, the article looks good with references in place.--GDibyendu (talk) 06:58, 17 November 2008 (UTC)	WIKI
A medieval page was the first stage of chivalric knighthood. Boys and youths in medeieval Europe were used as attendants to persons of rank, usually nobel or royal. These boys were chosen from aristocratic or 'good' families. The tradition began as boys serving knights as part of their military training and preparation for knighthood themselves. As these pages accompanied the knight they served, they were also present at court and thus had to learn refined manners as well as fighting skills. While the ages of the middle ages are perhaps best known to us today, the tradition is an ancient ones. There are records of pages in Roman, Persian, and other an ancient civiliazations. In medieval times the degree of page was the first stage of chivalric knighthood, preparatory to that of first esquire and then knight. In more recent times it is the latter function they served, being present at ceremonies to attend to royal personages at court. Boys in 18th century red jackets and white knee breaches are often seen at important Bristish royal events accompanied the monarch, they are always boys from aristocratic families. Their selection was considered a great honor. The page boy hair cut comes from these pages, based on a hair style with bangs popular in the midieval era. I am not sure, however, when the term came into vogue. While the ages of the middle ages are perhaps best known to us today, the tradition os an ancient ones. There are records of pages in Roman, Persian, and other an ancient civiliazations. It is thought that pages first appear in the Western world in Greece. Boys were trained at Pädagogien (nowadays an archaic word for school of higher education) for serving duties. There were also pages in Rome. Iam not sure about republican rome, but they were certainly present in the imperial court. The role of the page may have been carroied over to medieval courts through the Byzantine court ehere pages were important in court ceremonies. After the fall of Rome, the Feudal system developed in Europe. The Feudalism was an economic, social, and economic system based apportionment of land in exchange for the provision of fealty and service. The system was based on the king granting land to his important noblemen who became barons. These land grants became heritary. The king also granted land to the Church. These nobels in exchange pledged loyally to the king and to provide soldiers and supplies in time of war. The great nobels in turn divied their fiefdom among lesser lords or knights who became his vassals. This system ws based on the laborof the lowest rung of the social order. Most Europeans were peasant farmers working on the land of a Feudal nobleman--the lor of the manner. They did not own their land, but allowed to work it in exchange for a hare of the crop and labor when required. As the Feudal system developed, the peasants or serfs became tied to th land, not allowed to leave it without permission of the lord of the manner. The Feudal system began to weaken in Western Europe by the 16th century, but persisted much longer in Eastern Europe. The serfs in Russia werenot legal freed until the 19th century and it was not until the Revolution in the20th century that the still essentially Feudal estates were broken up. A medieval page was the first stage of chivalric knighthood. In medieval times the degree of page was the first stage of chivalric knighthood, preparatory to that of first squire and ulimately knight. Today we use the term page, but in medieval times the term 'varlet' or 'little vassal' was common. These boys were chosen from aristocratic or "good" families. There was no definitive age for pages, but boys commonly began the process of learning to be a page at about 7 years of age. The pages generally served into their early teen years. At about 14 years the boys would take the next step which was beconing a squire. (This is the origin of the modern term 'esquire'.) Just as there was no precise age ti begin to be a page. There was no precise age for the transition from page to squire. At about age 7 years they were sent to the reigning leige lord and his court, commonly situated in a castle to serve as a page and learn to be a knight. Once at court a page both had duties to perform as well as trained to become a knight. Page boys were assigned as attendants to persons of rank, usually nobel or royal. The tradition began as boys serving knights as part of their military training and preparation for knighthood themselves. As these pages accompanied the knight they served, they were also present at court and thus had to learn refined manners as well as fighting skills. Pages might be assigned to serve at table, care for clothes and even assist the individual they were assigned to in dressing. The page also performed services to the ladies of the court. Pages were noble boys that were trained from about 7-14 years of age to become knights. This process developed in medieval Europe after the fall of Rome. The medieval era lasted for about a millenium so the process of training changed over time. Boys were prepared at home to become pages. The training was at first in the early medieval era informal training at court. At first the nobility was largely illiterate. Often on the priests and monks were literate. Gradually the process evolved into what might be called more of an education. This gradually came to include reading and writing. There was a great deal to learn, including religion, courtly manners, riding, hunting, hawking and strategic games such as backgammon and chess. A page was also expected to acquire military skills essential to becoming a night. This included mastering weapons like lances and swords as well as the mace and other weapons. This also include horsemanship. A knight was a mounted warrior. The young page began by watching the knights and squires as well as the older pages. The younger pages would begin by practised sworddplay with wooden swords and shields. Threy would fight on piggyback introduced which was useful in learning the balance and skills need for mounted combat. Learning to use the lance was begun when the boys were older. Pages would attend persons of rank at tournaments. These were exciting occasions in the young pages. Later on there were special schools at courts to train them in the same way, many of them were either closed or became cadet schools by the end of the medieval period. There were many pages at court, the number depending on the wealth of the noble. There was a 'pecking order' amongst the pages which was dependent on age. Our information on page clothing is limited at this time. Certain basic trends about medieval fashion have to be understood before discussing page costumes. When discussing page clothing it is important to remember that the medieval era lasted roughly 1,000 years. Fashion during the medieval era changed , but at a much much slower than fashion changes today. Also fashion was concept for the upper and small middle classes. The peasantry had little time or income for fashion. Also fashion for the aristocracy was a class more than a ntional concept. This meant that the arisorcracy throughout much of Europe were affected by the same fashion trends. There were variations from country to country, but they ere less important than the basic trends accrpted by the aristocracy throughout Europe. As European art was primitive during the early mediebal era, much of our information on page costimes come from the late medieval era. Although generally seen as a medieval institution, the page has survived into modern times, Herzog Wilhelm IV of Bavaria in 1541 set on first instructions how his pages should be trained and his followers added a great deal to them. Duties at court, physical training, religious scientific education were important. When they left they got money and a place in court or military. At first the Pagerie was in charge of a königl (royal). Oberstallmeister but since King Max Josef of Bavaria, it was in charge of a Oberstkämmerer (chief chamberlain). But the important place was called Pagenhofmeister (mainly dutiful officers) Then there were two Prefects one of them clerical, the other French. They looked for the dicipline and could call for punishment: I people weren't allowed to eat beer and flavour dishes II not allowed to go to the theatre, III not allowed to go out on Sundays IV were put into Karzer with bread and water to eat only (called upon them by director only). Many teachers came from town, too. Page costumes consited of dark blue weapons mantle with silver sewn collar, silver buttons, a small sword on the left, dark blue military cap (after French style), grey mantle, silver buttoned. On courts duty: (like courts balls, New Yearscours, feast of St. George Order, Galadinners, masses at Christmas, Holy week, Easter, Corpus Christi etc the pages had a lit duty, which was started by a twelve stepped torch dance, which had to be held were accuartely.) bright blue Galauniform, rich silver sewery, Spitzenjabot?, white knee trousers, white stockings, black varnished shoes, a ships hat. On holiday the pages went on 2- 4 weeks journeys to North Italy, to Vienna, Budapest, Rhine, Mosel, Black Forest, Lace of Costance etc. Because everyone had to write an essay about the trip one had to be very attentive to know every thing. Pagerie was attended from 5th to 9th grade. Most of the pages became military men and official at court or servants, some ingenieurs, doctors and diplomats, fewer clerics. A few artists, too. There have been meetings held since 1883 of 'Old pages' to remember the good times. The Pagerie was closed on November 8, 1918 in the aftermath of World War I and his now a part of a school. [Von Waldenfels] A fascinating view of royal pages in the 17th century is left to us in a notable work by Le Brun of French king Louis XIV and the royal pages. In more recent times it is the latter function they served, being present at ceremonies to attend to royal personages at court. Boys in 18th century red jackets and white kneebreaches are often seen at important Bristish royal events accompanied the monarch, they are always boys from aristocratic families. Their selection was considered a great honor. The page boy hair cut comes from these pages, based on a hair style with bangs popular in the midieval era. I am not sure, however, when the term came into vogue. Since 1825, pages had to go to higher schools in town (expect for PE and French which was better there) which added a lot to their copmetiveness. Classes were held in French, English, Italian, Old languages, maths, music, freehand and architecture drawing, geometry, military service, stenography, PE, exercieren?, shoot with small calibers, dancing, riding, fence, swimming. School day started at 5 o'clock in the morning and ended at 8 o clock in the evening. At 9 o'clock everyone had to sleep. On Sundays pages could go from 9 o'clock to 11 o clock into town. Higher classes were allowed to go to the theatre twice a month. Since 1825 there were 25 boys allowed to be pages. Often, the newbies (4th graders) were treated rather roughly by the older boys to teach them the new rules. But soon friendship would endeavour among them. Von Waldenfels, Otto Freiherr. Die Edelknaben der Churfürstlich und königlich bayerischen Pagerie von 1799-1918. The author provides a genealogy of all pages from 1799-1918, pp.9-16. Navigate the Boys' Historical Clothing Web Site: [Return to the Main pageboy page] [Return to the Main medieval page] [Introduction] [Activities] [Biographies] [Chronology] [Clothing styles] [Countries] [Bibliographies] [Contributions] [Essays] [FAQs] [Glossaries] [Images] [Links] [Registration] [Tools] [Boys' Clothing Home]	FINEWEB-EDU
Page:The Red Man and the White Man in North America.djvu/114 94 An equally perplexing and distracting inquiry with that of the origin of the Indians has now become another question, as to the number of them when the country was reached and occupied by Europeans. Of course, this question was not intelligently asked by the first whites who came here, though they ventured, all at random, upon guesses and estimates. Those who entered upon the continent at different points naturally drew widely contrasted inferences on the subject, according as they encountered what they call “swarms” of the natives, on island or mainland, or passed long reaches of territory wholly tenantless. It is only within the last dozen years that rigid and rational tests have been applied to the statements and traditions which have found their admission into our histories, as to the probable numbers of the native race on this continent when it was opened to Europeans. Wholly conjectural as the estimates were, the measure of the extravagance or the fancy introduced into them depended upon the range or license indulged in by those who ventured to make them. The admission is now yielded, without exception or qualification, by all intelligent authorities, that the number of the natives in each of the best-known tribes, and their whole number on the continent at the time of its discovery have been vastly overestimated. All the Spanish chroniclers were mere romancers on this point. The soldier Baron La Hontan was a specimen of the same class among the French. John Smith, of Virginia, who tells us that that country produced pearl, coral, and metallic copper, and that the natives planted and harvested three crops of corn in five months, also multiplies the numbers of the Pamunkeys, to exalt the state of their “emperor” Powhatan. Our own artist, Catlin, allowed his imagination to create some sixteen millions of Indians as once roaming here, when it is more than doubtful if a single million were ever living at the same time on the soil. Hispaniola, or Little Spain, the name given by Columbus	WIKI
User:Ramesh.bishnoi More Details about myself can be found at my LinkedIn Profile: http://in.linkedin.com/in/vishnoi Follow me on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/rameshbishnoi	WIKI
SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators) represent a breakthrough in the field of pharmaceuticals and human performance enhancement. In case you’re wondering, you can buy sarms in Canada, which offer targeted muscle growth and bone density improvements, distinguishing them from traditional anabolic steroids. The production of SARMs relies on cutting-edge technology that combines scientific innovation with precision engineering. In this article, we’ll dive into the intricate technology that drives the creation of SARMs and the meticulous processes involved. Understanding SARMs Before we delve into the technology behind SARMs, we should first understand the concept of SARMs. These compounds selectively bind to androgen receptors in specific tissues, primarily muscles and bones, promoting growth and development without the side effects often associated with steroids. The technology behind SARMs production aims to harness these unique properties in a controlled and reproducible manner. Synthesis and Development The production of SARMs begins with chemical synthesis. This process involves the creation of SARM molecules from their basic building blocks through a series of precise chemical reactions. Synthetic chemistry expertise is essential to design and optimize these molecules for their intended purposes. In the quest for optimal SARMs, high-throughput screening plays a significant role. This technology allows researchers to test a large number of molecules rapidly to identify those that exhibit the desired effects on muscle and bone tissues while minimizing interactions with other receptors. This accelerates the discovery and development of effective SARMs. After that, computational modeling techniques then contribute to SARMs design by simulating how these compounds interact with androgen receptors at a molecular level. This technology aids researchers in predicting the potential efficacy and selectivity of various SARMs before they are synthesized and tested in the laboratory. Advanced Manufacturing Techniques Once the ideal SARMs are identified, advanced manufacturing techniques come into play. Precise control over every step of the manufacturing process ensures the consistency and purity of the final product. Techniques like solid-phase synthesis and chromatography help isolate and purify the target SARM compounds. The technology behind SARMs production extends to quality control and characterization. Various analytical techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, verify the chemical structure and purity of the synthesized SARMs. This rigorous testing ensures that the final product meets the highest standards. Targeted Delivery Systems Incorporating SARMs into formulations that optimize their delivery is another technological aspect. Nanotechnology and drug delivery systems allow for the controlled release of SARMs within the body to ensure their efficient uptake by target tissues while minimizing off-target effects. The production of SARMs also navigates regulatory requirements. As these compounds exhibit potential medical applications, they must adhere to strict regulatory guidelines. Manufacturers must demonstrate the safety, efficacy, and consistency of their products before they can be considered for human use. While the technology behind SARMs production is impressive, ethical considerations are still important. Responsible research and adherence to ethical standards are essential to ensure the safe and appropriate use of these compounds. These ethical guidelines are designed to protect both researchers and potential users by promoting transparent practices and safety measures. The Key Takeaway The production of SARMs is a testament to the synergy between cutting-edge technology and scientific expertise. This intricate process ultimately results in compounds that hold potential benefits for various applications. As technology continues to advance, the potential for further refining and optimizing SARMs production remains bright, offering a glimpse into a future of personalized and targeted therapeutic interventions. Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
User:Roberttimothylancaster/sandbox Non disappearing is a made up word by two people who are most likely drunk at this point. The word has absolutely no meaning as of yet.	WIKI
Is it a bad idea to engine brake with a manual transmission? In a car with a manual gearbox, you can use that stick to your advantage in more ways than the simple act of shifting gears. If you want to slow down, instead of relying on just the brakes, you can pop your gear lever into a lower gear and use resistance from the engine to slow you down. This is called engine braking, and some might think it’s harmful to your vehicle. Jason Fenske from Engineering Explained is here to tell you why that’s not true. Letting off of the gas and using the engine to slow the car down is a fine practice. You’re closing off the throttle and thus restricting the amount of air your engine is taking in. This creates a vacuum, and that vacuum is what causes the engine to slow down the car as it tries to pull in air. Using engine braking will save you some gas, as well as some minor wear on your brakes. If you are traveling down a mountain road, engine braking will prevent the brakes from heating up. That can be important because overheated brakes can fade. Instead, you can send the kinetic energy of speed into the engine, where engine braking turns it into heat as the car slows down, and the cooling system takes care of it. When the engine isn’t using fuel, it cools off, and the minor heat from engine braking won’t have a detrimental effect. Now, engine braking isn’t the most efficient way to stop if you need to do so in a hurry. Your brakes are designed to bring you to a halt more quickly, and they’re extremely good at doing just that. If you want to slow down just a bit or slowly, then your engine can help. If you’re on a long hill descent, using engine braking to maintain speed is better than using the brakes because you’ll eventually overheat them. Read also: Jay Leno drives the Superformance Corvette Grand Sport Engine braking makes sense in the right situation. It won’t hurt anything, and can be safer at times as well. You use the brakes when you need to stop or quickly lose speed. Check Also Rezvani Tank Military Edition is an armored fortress with available Hellcat power Rezvani, the Southern Californian coachbuilder who first arrived on the scene with the Ariel Atom-based Beast, recently made news with a brand new monster machine. Rezvani's Tank unveiled last year is a Jeep Wrangler-based, military-spec-looking truck. It only looks the part though, as it doesn't actually offer any protection. However, Rezvani has since... 2019 Porsche 911 Speedster spy shots and video There's a new generation of the 911 waiting in the wings but before it arrives Porsche will launch one last hurrah for the current-generation 991 911 family. The car will be a limited edition 911 Speedster, which was previewed in concept form in June as part of Porsche's 70th anniversary celebrations. Some readers will recall Porsche launched a Speedster...	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Replace table in Access query I have a complicated query in Access and I was to replace all tables in it with the same table structure but the name are different. How can I do this without editing the query and do it in design view? LVL 1 GerhardpetAsked: Who is Participating? Improve company productivity with a Business Account.Sign Up x DatabaseMX (Joe Anderson - Microsoft Access MVP)Connect With a Mentor Database ArchitectCommented: Easy: Find & Replace - best ever tool. Get it! http://www.rickworld.com/products.html#Find%20and%20Replace%209.0 mx 0 plummetCommented: When I need to do this I go to SQL view, copy the query, paste it into a text editor (or Notepad!) and replace the old name with the new one. Then I copy the text back into the SQL view in Access. Simple. Alternatively, add the new table into design view, and for each column change the "Table:" row to the new table. When that's complete remove the old table from the designer. I hope that helps. 0 hnasrCommented: One way: Query: change_table_name_q Select b.f1 From b; A lookup table: change_table_name (table_name, changeTo) table_name changeTo b a Click event code: Private Sub cmdChangeTableName_Click() Dim rs As Recordset Dim qsql As String qsql = CurrentDb.QueryDefs("change_table_name_q").sql Set rs = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset("change_table_name") Do While Not rs.EOF qsql = Replace(qsql, vbCrLf, " ", 1, True) ' replace cr and lf qsql = Replace(qsql, ";", " ", 1, True) 'replace ; to space qsql = Replace(qsql, " " & rs(0) & ".", " " & rs(1) & ".", 1, True) 'replace table. qsql = Replace(qsql, " " & rs(0) & " ", " " & rs(1) & " ", 1, True) 'replace table rs.MoveNext Loop CurrentDb.QueryDefs("change_table_name_q").sql = qsql End Sub changeTableName.mdb 0 GerhardpetAuthor Commented: Find & Replace is a great tool indeed! 0 Question has a verified solution. Are you are experiencing a similar issue? Get a personalized answer when you ask a related question. Have a better answer? Share it in a comment. All Courses From novice to tech pro — start learning today.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Functionalisation of aptamers for the development of effective cancer therapeutics Makwana, Vaidehi; Khan, Huma; Courtenay-Luck, Nigel and Missailidis, Sotiris (2008). Functionalisation of aptamers for the development of effective cancer therapeutics. Anticancer Research, 28(5C) pp. 3394–3395. URL: http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/28/5C Abstract Aptamers, short oligonucleotide therapeutic, diagnostic and imaging agents, possess great affinity and selectivity for their targets. However, they are limited in terms of application due to their rapid renal clearance and degradation from nucleases in the blood. Thus, it is often necessary to incorporate appropriate modifications for achieving their full potential. Aptamer labelling with appropriate fluorescent moieties or radioisotopes can confer diagnostic and imaging potential, respectively. Various chemical modifications, such as PEGylation, can improve their pharmacokinetic properties and retain aptamers longer in circulation, making them suitable for therapeutic applications. We now present a range of chemical modifications on our tumour-targeting aptamers that have allowed us to develop them as diagnostic or therapeutic agents. Viewing alternatives Item Actions Export About Recommendations	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
Avocado Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults Abstract Background Epidemiologic studies on the relationship between avocado intake and long‐term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are lacking. Methods and Results This study included 68 786 women from the NHS (Nurses’ Health Study) and 41 701 men from the HPFS (Health Professionals Follow‐up Study; 1986–2016) who were free of cancer, coronary heart disease, and stroke at baseline. Diet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires at baseline and then every 4 years. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs. A total of 14 274 incident cases of CVD (9185 coronary heart disease events and 5290 strokes) were documented over 30 years of follow‐up. After adjusting for lifestyle and other dietary factors, compared with nonconsumers, those with analysis‐specific higher avocado intake (≥2 servings/week) had a 16% lower risk of CVD (pooled hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75–0.95) and a 21% lower risk of coronary heart disease (pooled hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68–0.91). No significant associations were observed for stroke. Per each half serving/day increase in avocado intake, the pooled hazard ratio for CVD was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71–0.91). Replacing half a serving/day of margarine, butter, egg, yogurt, cheese, or processed meats with the equivalent amount of avocado was associated with a 16% to 22% lower risk of CVD. Conclusions Higher avocado intake was associated with lower risk of CVD and coronary heart disease in 2 large prospective cohorts of US men and women. The replacement of certain fat‐containing foods with avocado could lead to lower risk of CVD. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.121.024014	ESSENTIALAI-STEM
As a child when going to a doctor you are told that there won’t be any needles and if there is it will not pinch. Especially with the ‘needle phobia’ we all have as kids these lines were like the sound of music. However, no syringe doctor would be ideal for a world of fantasy and a visit to the clinic more palatable. True? Yes, it is. Needleless injections called “Jet Injectors” are replacing the regular, unwanted, and dreaded pin pokes. These Injectors use high pressure to inoculate. The injection liquid is modeled to apply enough pressure to penetrate through the epidermis. It is almost not painful at all. A Jet injector is being used to inject insulin, anesthesia, vaccines, vitamins and for various kinds of medicines. There is neither any risk of cross-contamination nor needle-stick injuries. It is easy and safe to use that one can use it themselves like for insulin, vitamins and such. The medicines injected in this way get absorbed directly into the bloodstream. Jet injectors have a long life and therefore are cost-effective. Using needle-sticks can be quite risky. In 2000, the world over, use of needle-sticks caused 2,60,000 HIV/AIDS, about 20 million cases of Hepatitis B, and more than one million cases of Hepatitis C. Millions died in their youth; lives which could be saved otherwise. Patient-care is now a part of the plan for which such cases have to be controlled and minimized. Therefore the solution of replacing needle injections with needleless injections like jet injectors is being widely accepted. Patients need not feel fearful and anxious when paying a visit to the doctor. The risks that are involved with using needle injections are being eliminated because of this solution. So, we can now heave a sigh of relief when one has to go through medical treatment, as it is may not as dreadful as we imagine it to be.	ESSENTIALAI-STEM

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.