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Talk:Katri Helena
Article name
If this article is to remain with her surname in the article name, it needs an explanation within the article. Gene Nygaard 14:06, 1 October 2007 (UTC) | WIKI |
Wikipedia talk:Administrators' noticeboard/Kurds
Response from Amr ibn Kulthoum
* I am really surprised by this complaint by an admin who has started to take sides instead of moderating a content dispute (and is forcing their narrative on the Talk:Syrian Kurdistan page), although they seem to have limited experience with the topic (and no prior interest), unlike other admins such as or . IDK if I need to respond to each of the claims above since they don't even show the problem with the edit, but if you look at the diff links provided, rather than taking the accusation at face value, you will find that all my edits are supported by RELIABLE sources (mostly or entirely western scholarship), and none of them is contested or involving edit-warring. To provide some specifics:
* 1) I am not sure about the problem with the edit what Levivich means by saying "using a source entitled "From Qamishli to Qamishlo: A Trip to Rojava’s New Capital""! The source is written by Fabrice Balanche, from the reputable The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, and talk at length about the Kurdification process of Qamishli.
* 2) Also, is there a problem with changing "Opposition" to Resentment"?
* 3) Levivich's other claim, "predominantly Kurdish" to "predominantly Arab", citing a source that doesn't support the statement: here an excerpt from the story to judge for yourselves: Most speak Arabic as a mother tongue, in addition to Kurdish and Turkish.. Also, here is the full bio of the author (that Levivich didn't like) from the NatGeo website at the bottom of the story (apologies for the length, but context is important here): Julia Harte is a freelance journalist based in Istanbul, where she focuses on social and environmental justice issues. In 2013, she received a National Geographic Young Explorer grant to travel along the Tigris River from Southern Iraq to Southeastern Turkey, documenting the downstream and upstream impacts of Turkey's Ilısu Dam for a project entitled, "After the Dam, the Deluge: A Final Glimpse at the Ancient Town of Hasankeyf and Traditional Life Along the Tigris". Julia's work has previously appeared in Reuters, Foreign Policy, The World Policy Journal, Global Post, TimeOut Istanbul, the Philadelphia City Paper, and Cultural Survival Quarterly..
* 4) "'rojava' is POV-pushing per se". Here is an excerpt from Michael Gunter (2018) regarding the use of the term "rojava": The most obvious political consequence of these dynamics was the adoption by some Kurdish parties of the expression "Syrian Kurdistan" or "Rojava", referring to Northern Syria, as opposed to the moderate, "Kurdish regions of Syria".. I can provide more scholarship on this.
* 5) I was blocked from the Talk page by for this edit. Maybe time to bring it up. Judge for yourselves!
* Finally, admins can see the grey literature and whitewashing these articles are full of (e.g. Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, Human rights in the AANES, Rojava conflict, etc.). Cheers, Amr ibn Kulthoumعمرو بن كلثوم (talk) 21:23, 22 December 2020 (UTC)
* Amr ibn KulthoumThe green font is here to highlight the few phrases one deems most important.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 09:49, 13 January 2021 (UTC)
* Then also, would you mind providing a diff where I used the phrase as you highlighted exactly this phrase in green?Paradise Chronicle (talk) 15:31, 13 January 2021 (UTC)
Response by Shadow4dark
A nonsense report. At point 3 there is no "Kurdish Genocide" in Turkey or wikipage. If you did a properly ressearch, the user who added this is blocked and it was WP:OR. I will not respond further at this nonsense. Shadow4dark (talk) 23:21, 22 December 2020 (UTC) https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:ToBeFree&diff=prev&oldid=997174990 and https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party&diff=996166876&oldid=996093926
I’m done.
I’m probably not going to edit anymore Kurdish-related articles anyway. Apparently, the Kurd-related issue is going to ArbCom and I don’t know what that it is and I don’t want to know what that it is. Anyways, lots of the edits I made were reverting a blocked user's WP:OR. Thepharoah17 (talk) 23:34, 22 December 2020 (UTC)
May I add more diffs?
I'd have some more diffs about canvassing and calling liberated areas from ISIL or Jihadists as Kurdish occupied then also a move discussion of Syrian Kurdistan in 2015. Then also on the comparison between YPG and ISIS.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 03:12, 25 December 2020 (UTC)
* I don't see why not; I set this page up so we could gather/discuss diffs. Thanks in advance. Levivich harass/hound 03:14, 25 December 2020 (UTC)
* The examples provided are great to show who has a political POV agenda here. Look at the discussion to change the name of Tell Abyad, an overwhelmingly Arab town in Syria into a Kurdish name, simply because it was controlled by PYD militias during the power vacuum resulting from the civil war. Amr ibn Kulthoumعمرو بن كلثوم (talk) 09:17, 26 December 2020 (UTC)
* The problem is, the towns name wasn't changed, as it is explained during the discussion. And the Arabic Welcome to Tell Abyad plate was up at all times at the entrance of the city during the Government of the AANES. The fact that you don't to accept this, and edit war the quote about the Kurdification of the place name in the article with a single really unreliable POV source with multiple inaccuracies within a one single (sorry for using twice single) quote for over 6 months, is one of the reasons, why an ArbCom case is appropriate I guess.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 21:21, 26 December 2020 (UTC)
* Since you are insisting on discussing this here, let me remind you that we had a DRN case about the quotes, but YOU did not like the result/suggestion of volunteer user Nightenbelle, and decided to repeatedly remove two SOURCED quotes (2-3 lines each) from the Washington Post material (that you call unreliable) and The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, including removal during the DRN and edit-warring, which resulted in your block. suggested that you bring up counter comments to the article but you never delivered. Amr ibn Kulthoumعمرو بن كلثوم (talk) 22:59, 26 December 2020 (UTC)
* Well, I tried many times to bring in some neutrality into the article, it was even me who actually wikilinked Kurdification. It was Thepharoah17 who removed the wikilink for Kurdification. I also brought in the existence of the Tell Abyad Canton of which Tell Abyad was the capital of. According to the WINEP quote, Tell Abyad belonged to the Kobane Canton...Paradise Chronicle (talk) 00:39, 29 December 2020 (UTC)
* Here PC was blocked indef for sockpuppetry https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Koban%C3%AE#Requested_move_19_December_2019 Shadow4dark (talk) 04:24, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* Yeah, that with the (repeated) mentioning of blocks obviously lifted or applied erroneously may also be an interesting discussion. I mention the blocks myself at my user page. Section blocking historial.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 23:44, 29 December 2020 (UTC)
Witch hunt?
The list is weird. It lists all the action of the editors who do not support Kurdistan, and none of the other side. Is this the problem in the eyes of the editor who started it? Any editor who do not agree with the editors who support Kurdistan is a problem that needs to be solved? What are the rationales of this list? What is wrong for example in this: Add "Kurdification process and Christian population opposition" section to Qamishli using a source entitled "From Qamishli to Qamishlo: A Trip to Rojava’s New Capital"- This is listed as a problematic edit by Amr. Im trying to understand what is going on here, so can User:Levivich explain why adding content not favourable to the Kurdish nationalist narrative is problematic? Why "historically been highly diverse" to "historically been the domain of nomad and sedentary Arabs" is problematic behaviour (if it is supported by reliable sources)? What is going on here exactly?--Attar-Aram syria (talk) 13:44, 27 December 2020 (UTC)
* "editors who do not support Kurdistan, and none of the other side" - I disagree with dividing editors into two such groups. If something is missing, feel free to add it.
* Item #4-1 in the section (Amr's):
* Qamishli is in Rojava and was the capital of AANES until 2016.
* In the first edit from Sep 2020, Special:Diff/980525889, "Rojava" is removed from the infobox, with an edit summary "Mostly under government, and other political status still unclear."
* But Amr knows Qamishli is in Rojava and was its capital. For example, in the second edit in December 2020, Special:Diff/993189003, he added a source titled "From Qamishli to Qamishlo: A Trip to Rojava’s New Capital" to the same article.
* Amr also knows, from past discussions, that consensus is that WINEP is not reliable, or at least its reliability is much disputed
* Not verified by the source:
* "all aspects of life"
* "starting by changing the name of the city to Qamishlo"
* "forcing a Kurdish-language curriculum on non-Kurdish citizens" (source says schools will be forced to teach Kurdish, not that non-Kurdish citizens will be forced to learn it)
* "Christian and Arab population in the city were fiercely opposed to the PYD rule" (source says Christian, not Christian and Arab)
* What the edit says: "Half the Christian population left by 2017 although no fighting happened in the city", suggesting they're fleeing Kurdification. What the source says: "Half of the Qamishli Christians have already left while the fighting is not touching the city; Christian traders and liberal professionals are fleeing economic stagnation rather than fighting."
* The third edit, Special:Diff/993298653, changes Christian "opposition" to "resentment", but the source doesn't say "resent", it says "oppose"
* Item #5-1
* That's from the Demographics section of the AANES article. What it said before:, cited to McDowall 2004 and others.
* What it was changed to:, cited to a 1953 article in Geocarrefour. The 1953 article is most definitely not talking about the historical makeup of "the area under PYD control in 2020". This is WP:SYNTH. And worse, it's synth that contradicts the explicit statements of other, newer, actually reliable sources cited in the article, like McDowall.
* Yes, I think these edits, and all the others, are concerning. Levivich harass/hound 05:27, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* Yes, I think these edits, and all the others, are concerning. Levivich harass/hound 05:27, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
"I disagree with dividing editors into two such groups"- But this is how things are. Anyways, thanks for explaining why you see these edits problematice. The editors mentioned in this list should start gathering problematic edits by the other camp. This problem of Kurdish articles goes both ways.--Attar-Aram syria (talk) 05:58, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* I don't dispute that the problems relating to Kurdish articles involve multiple POVs, not just anti-Kurdish, and I don't think of these edits as anti-Kurdish. Some might be but I'm not saying they all are. To take one example, an editor might remove the word "Rojava" from an article because it's not supported by the sources, or because of a POV, or some other reason. If it's POV, it might be anti-Kurdish POV, or anti-YPG, anti-PYD, pro-Syrian, pro-Arab, pro-Assad, or if the article happens to be Qamishli, it might be pro-Christian; if it's Afrin, it might be pro-Turkish, or pro-Erdogan; if it's Kobani, it might be pro-ISIS; there are so many possibilities. We can't say every removal of "Rojava" is anti-Kurdish POV, and I'm not saying that. It's so much more complicated than that. That's why I don't think it's two sides. The number of sides is at least equal to twice the number of ethnic groups. Levivich harass/hound 07:26, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* Unfortunately, you (as an admin) seeing only one side (and forcing that as you did in the Syrian Kurdistan Talk page) of this very complex and contentious issue is way more concerning than my edits. I am not aware that WINEP (which I don't like) is considered unreliable; by whom (any link to previous discussions/RSN)? Here is an expanded quote (sorry to the readers for the length) from the WINEP story to answer most of your comments above: . A similar story is published by Carnegie on another Arab area under PYD control, and there is a ton more that I can provide upon request or for a meaningful discussion. As for the rojava removal from the text box of Qamishli; this is still a city in Syria, and it is so recognized by the international community. Adding rojava is POV-pushing, per the sources you provided on the Syrian Kurdistan Talk page such as Michael Gunter (2018):, or Kaya and Lowe (2017) , or Ozcelik (2019): . As for your comment about a reference from 1953 versus 2020, history does not change with time, and the 1953 reference talks about the initial composition of the population, which is what the statement you are referring is about, and here is a statement from a 2017 Carnegie story confirming the same thing (and I will add this story later to the Qamishli article for your convenience): I am happy to provide more stories on this Kurdish immigration from Turkey. Cheers, Amr ibn Kulthoumعمرو بن كلثوم (talk) 07:20, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* I am not an admin. We discussed the same WINEP author, Balanche, and think tanks, at Talk:Syrian Kurdistan. I think most recent RSN thread is Reliable sources/Noticeboard/Archive 301 Levivich harass/hound 07:38, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* Great to know, thanks for the link. WINEP is used quite a bit in Kurdish-related articles (mostly adopting Kurdish views and claims, such as the 16% Kurds in Syria numbers against all other sources putting them under 10%), and I will be happy to consider it unreliable across the board (not cherry-picking). Also, we should go through some of the references in the AANES, Rojava conflict, Human rights in the AANES, etc. where things like Rudaw, ANF, Kurdistan24, ARA News, etc. and personal websites are used such as this one in this page Constitution of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria. Cheers, Amr ibn Kulthoumعمرو بن كلثوم (talk) 08:20, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* I support having an academic source restriction in this topic area. Levivich harass/hound 20:04, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* , I'm thinking that needs to be added to the (proposal? is that what this is?) —valereee (talk) 20:54, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* Just a page to collect diffs. I don't know what to propose. There are a number of ways to do a source restriction in theory: by the community, by Arbcom, by unilateral admin action in some cases. Maybe it should be a proposal page, or a brainstorming page. Levivich harass/hound 21:29, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* , ugh. You're going to make me try to think? —valereee (talk) 21:38, 28 December 2020 (UTC)
* —valereee As to me, it as a brainstorming page where it can be discussed how to make a case for the noticeboards or for the ArbCom. For the noticeboards anyone can bring up a discussion, either the issue is discussed or seen as irrelevant for the Admins. But for the ArbCom there should be a good case presented, thoroughly discussed (constructively), if possible by both sides. If the other side wants to present diffs as well, as to me, it is only fair. But there is clearly a problem on the Kurdish issue which Wikipedia as a whole and Valereee in particular really felt during the last month of discussion. Syrian Kurdistan was one of only ten Goldlocked pages out of more than six million on the English Wikipedia... If there is no help for the ArbCom, (Levivich was not so delighted of an ArbCom case) I would also wait for GPinkerton, who is aware of the several issues in the Kurdish issue (and wanted to have some admin action in the dispute) until his topic ban is lifted in some months. The current Tell Abyad discussion on the quotes is going on almost since more than 8 months, and was going on for years before, so ca. six months is a small time on the Kurdish issue and a long time enough to present a solid case to the ArbCom.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 01:45, 29 December 2020 (UTC)
* ooops,I was not the only one who had the idea that GPinkerton may take part in the discussion as well. But seeing your dialogue it seems GPinkerton might not be interested in an ArbCom case for now (absolutely understandable, it'll be quite a task to find a fair solution here). Let's see where these many diffs lead us.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 23:22, 29 December 2020 (UTC)
Indeffed users leading the discussion now?
We have the t-banned user who just came back from being indeffed on the condition they stay away from the Middle East post 1492 topics. Well, they never respected that condition and are still trying to game the system by WP:Canvassing in several articles. They canvassed here while negotiating a t-ban and again here as soon as the indef block was lifted. They were warned by here, still they are coming back to the topic in full force on this board. Any admin thoughts on this? Thanks, Amr ibn Kulthoumعمرو بن كلثوم (talk) 19:32, 30 December 2020 (UTC)
* Look here he ignores his topic ban []. Shadow4dark (talk) 20:40, 30 December 2020 (UTC)
What and how to present an ArbCom case of the Kurdish issue?
I'll open here a section/discussion for the ArbCom case we aim to present. Here just issues, not the diffs. should be presented. I ask other editors, to also present issues which they deem as necessary to be addressed. It is clear we have differences. We can not deny this, and we have admins who are helping us to find a solution for them.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 18:20, 1 January 2021 (UTC)
Issues presented by Paradise Chronicle
* 1) Some editors are removing mentions relating to Kurds instead of accepting an academic source for it.
* 2) Some editors are/were denying the mere existence of a (Syrian) Kurdistan in other articles.
* 3) Others removed mentions to Kurds (like it is populated by Kurds) or Kurdish language (like the Kurdish name of a locality) instead of looking for an easy to find source for it. (I'd just add a citation needed tag instead of removing it, but I told this multiple times already, so if there is an ArbCom case, let's bring it up.)
* 4) Another issue is the equating of the YPG as a terrorist organization similar to the ISIL
* 5) Some editors call the pro-Kurdish Syrian Democratic Forces (or Kurds) as occupiers of Syrian areas (liberated by ISIL and Jihadists).Paradise Chronicle (talk) 18:20, 1 January 2021 (UTC)
Further Discussion I would add:
* 1) Some editors misrepresenting sources through misquoting or selective quoting
* 2) Some editors using unreliable sources (primary sources, PhD thesis, CIA reports, sources from 100+ years ago), even when those sources contradict modern reliable sources (like academic works)
* 3) Some editors removing references to or "whitewashing" historical events (this is similar to #5 above, which is about changing who is the invader and who is the defender)
* 4) Some editors moving articles from Kurdish names to Arabic names or other non-Kurdish names Levivich harass/hound 18:39, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
Comment: There should be no source restriction. There can be good documents or old and historical sources with valuable information, old maps. In some cases they might have to be presented as being from that source, but that's a discussion for each source on a case-by-case basis. So it shouldn't be allowed to move a Kurdish name article to an Arabic name, but no problem moving an Arabic name article to a Kurdish name? Very neutral policy suggestion. --Supreme Deliciousness (talk) 19:06, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* If you have examples of editors moving Arabic name articles to Kurdish names, I invite you to add those diffs to the list of diffs. Levivich harass/hound 19:11, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* --Supreme Deliciousness (talk) 19:19, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* One diff from 2015 by an already-blocked account. Wow. Levivich harass/hound 19:21, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* Upon advice of Levivich, I've started a draft on the Kurdish ArbCom case at my Userspace ]. The aim is to present a case where both views are shown. I want a discussion which is seen as delivering a solution for an academic commonsense consensus on Wikipedia. I of course defend the mention of Kurds, Kurdish language etc. in areas where Kurds live or have lived and also to mention them in a realistic way and have added diffs of my interest. If other issues seem to be of a matter as well, please add them, both issues and diffs. Anyone interested is absolutely welcome to create a framework for a constructive discussion. It might also help to check the active sanctions in place.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 22:53, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* The aim is to present the case in an efficient manner, with only the most relevant diffs and issues as Levivich has mentioned. I'll ping (sorry, I didn't do it before) some of the editors relevant for the case and also some involved admins so they are updated on the issue and if necessary can also advise us on how to move forward.Paradise Chronicle (talk) 23:05, 5 January 2021 (UTC) | WIKI |
Michael C. Stenger
Michael Conrad Stenger (July 11, 1950 – June 27, 2022) was an American law enforcement officer who served as the 41st Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate from April 16, 2018, to January 7, 2021.
Early life and career
Stenger was a native of Wood-Ridge, New Jersey. He graduated from Fairleigh Dickinson University with a Bachelor of Arts degree and was a captain in the United States Marine Corps before joining the United States Secret Service.
Career
Stenger spent 35 years in the Secret Service and served stints as Assistant Director for the Office of Investigations and the Assistant Director of the Office of Protective Research. In 2008, he became Assistant Director for the USSS Office of Government and Public Affairs, which coordinated with groups that included the United States Congress. In 2011, he joined the office of the Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate as Assistant Sergeant at Arms for the Office of Protective Services and Continuity, became Deputy Sergeant at Arms in May 2014, and Chief of Staff for the Sergeant at Arms in January 2015.
On April 16, 2018, after Sergeant at Arms Frank J. Larkin retired, Michael C. Stenger was nominated as the 41st Sergeant at Arms under Senate Resolution 465, put forth by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell. This resolution was submitted in the Senate, considered, and agreed to without amendment by unanimous consent.
Responding to the 2021 Capitol attack
On January 6, 2021, for more than an hour during the storming of the Capitol that resulted in symbolic harm to the Congress, the Capitol, and the process of accepting and counting the votes of the Electoral College, Stenger and House Sergeant-at-arms Paul Irving (members of the Capitol Police Board) repeatedly refused to request the assistance of the D.C. National Guard. The following day, he resigned as the Senate sergeant-at-arms, with his deputy Jennifer Hemingway taking over on an interim basis. The two other top Capitol security officials—House sergeant-at-arms Paul D. Irving and United States Capitol Police chief Steven Sund—also resigned on the same day, amid bipartisan shock and outrage over security lapses that led to the mob's breach and occupation of the Capitol.
Personal life and death
Stenger was married to the former Janet Oechsner, and they had two children. He died from unrevealed causes on June 27, 2022, at the age of 71. | WIKI |
File:NISD schools aerial wiki.jpg
Summary
Aerial photo of the Navasota High and Junior High School campuses. The image was taken in the fall of 2004 by Christopher Butler of Butler Planning Services during fieldwork for the 2004 Navasota Comprehensive Plan. | WIKI |
Talk:Ghost (game)
Variants: Spook
On 26 April 2007, I added a paragraph about a variant called Spook. Three weeks later, on 20 May, my edits were removed by Andrevan without comment.
The help page on reverting is very clear: "Reverting is used primarily for fighting vandalism, or anything very similar to the effects of vandalism... If you feel the edit is unsatisfactory, improve it rather than simply reverting or deleting it."
My contribution was not vandalism. Therefore, I have restored it, minus one sentence which I have since realized is unverifiable. If I did not present the added information in an acceptable form, please follow the wiki guidelines and improve the presentation without destroying it. Alternatively, use this discussion page. --Tino (<IP_ADDRESS>), 22 May 2007
* I'd imagine the revert was because your contribution could easily have been read as "here's a version that me and my friends play", which isn't an appropriate addition to an encyclopaedia. Really, all of these variants should have a reliable source backing them up, and if your "Spook" variant is only played by you and your friends at the moment (without having any mentions in gaming articles or magazines), then it doesn't really merit inclusion here.
* I have actually heard of a Ghost variant called "Spook", but have only seen it played as the add-a-letter-anywhere version. We really should dig up some good sources for this article, to work out which variants are notable, and which is which. --McGeddon 18:49, 22 May 2007 (UTC)
Winning strategy
I do not believe that the second player always has a winning strategy in Ghost, as stated in the "Winning Strategy" section. I think RSpeer wrote those claims, so he should prove them or provide references. Otherwise, I will remove those claims. I wrote a computer program to solve Ghost, and it determined that the first player has a winning strategy for the particular dictionary that I used.
--DavidGrayson 17:18, 10 July 2006 (UTC)
Posting a link to Randall Munroe's blog certainly meets the notability test. The entry is relevant, detailed, and is not an ad for a blog. I'm not the blog author, so it's not self-promotion. It's a link to an interesting and new analysis by a competent researcher into the mechanics of the game.
--Idangazit (talk) 17:20, 31 December 2007 (UTC)
Removing a link to Randall Munroe's blog. The entry talks about the game, as do a great deal of other pages. This particular page has no particular new insights and is in fact nothing more than a rambling description of an implementation of the strategy already described in "Winning Strategies." Inclusion can be considered nothing if not a blog ad, though clearly not self promoting as Randall Munroe has previously apologised for his fans vandalising other wiki pages (see Foreplay talk page.) —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:17, 2 January 2008 (UTC)
I love Randall Munroe as much as the next Wikipedia editor... Still, not notable. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:50, 6 January 2008 (UTC)
Remove the Randall-stuff, it's a trivial game with a trivial solution and trivial strategy. Nothing new is added. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 07:28, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
I'm all for removing the claims, actually. I wrote this section long ago, as a new editor who didn't pay much attention to reliable sources. (My observation was that with the ENABLE word list and a 3-letter word minimum, player 2 wins.) r speer / ɹəəds ɹ 09:14, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
I agree that the Randall Munroe solution is not notable, but I suspect xkcd fans might get into a revert war over it. Marsman57 (talk) 13:52, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
The Randall Munroe solution is the only solution available online. There is no requirement for it to be notable--only the subject of the article must be notable, not necessarily every piece of information or link. FWIW, I had never heard of Munroe outside of this context. See also everything that Idangazit posted. Having personally seen the effort required to develop a winning strategy (I'm the author of the other solution linked in the article), I feel well-placed to disagree with the comment by <IP_ADDRESS> as to the triviality of the game or solution. Another user claims that a great deal of other pages talk about the game as well. I searched unsuccessfully for other pages with winning strategies. The page is more than a "description of an implementation of the... winning strategy" because it provides the actual winning strategy. As a Ghost fan, I am excited to see this link in the article, and I will restore it, permanently I hope. Matchups (talk) 17:22, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
?
Ghost (game) = Lexicant = Ghost (game) ... ? <IP_ADDRESS> 22:23, 16 May 2006 (UTC)
I'm not going to get into a revert war, but I don't see why the paragraph about word lists being barred from play is necessary. It duplicates the earlier sentence "Use of dictionaries is considered cheating". Perhaps that sentence could be elaborated upon instead. RSpeer 05:56, Dec 26, 2004 (UTC)
* Good point. How's the current edit? Andre ( talk )A| 20:56, Dec 26, 2004 (UTC)
See, I meant that there's no reason this paragraph belongs in the "Winning strategy" section, and the one in "Game play" should be expanded on instead. So I elaborated there, and rewrote the "Winning Strategy" section.
In adding the "Winning strategy" section, my intent wasn't to give a comprehensive guide to how to cheat/prevent cheating at Ghost; my intent was to describe an interesting theoretical property of the game. I've clarified this a bit. RSpeer 22:25, Dec 26, 2004 (UTC)
This game is called Donkey Donkey (or just Donkey) in the UK. Kernow 13:11, 11 March 2006 (UTC)
Anonymous comment, moved from top
I couldn't find a good description of the history/origins of the game Ghost using google so I came to check Wikipedia, but didn't find it here either. Something about an alternate spelling of 'fish' -- 'Gh' as in enough, ... 't' as in friction -- invented by some poet. Anyone know what I'm talking about? Fancy adding a paragraph on that?
* You seem to be referring to ghoti, which is a joke about the English language, not a game. See that article. r speer / ɹəəds ɹ 22:46, 21 March 2006 (UTC)
Rules
"Ghost is a word game in which players take turns adding letters to a growing word fragment, and trying not to be the one to complete an English word" - Is this right? I thought you could complete a word, as long as it was still part of a longer word. Kernow 18:22, 24 March 2006 (UTC)
No, that's not how I learned it. The game ends when a word is made, as it says. 07:05, 16 May 2006 (UTC)
The GAME does not end when a word is made; the round ends. I would like to amend the awkward beginning in the first paragraph, but I will start with subject-verb agreement, since I am here to copy-edit. Freelance-writer-editor (talk) 09:59, 11 May 2011 (UTC)
If that's the case, can someone take a shot at rewriting the examples section, each case of which builds on ERA (which is already a complete English word)? --SlickVicar (talk) 23:45, 8 August 2019 (UTC)
Template Changes
I modified the transcluded templates thus: Ronaldscott (talk) 17:58, 2 January 2008 (UTC)
* --> . The article is clearly not unreferenced and as such does not qualify for transclusion of this tag. Nevertheless some unreferenced inclusions still exist, such as the paragraph about the variant "Spook."
* --> deleted. is a subjective claim and the editor at <IP_ADDRESS> who added the template failed to make any comments on the talk page to support such a claim. I don't find it confusing, at any rate.
Rules?
compared to the other pen-and-paper game articles this needs a proper explanation of the rules, I have no idea after reading the opening paragraph. If I keep adding Q no-one will win? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:10, 6 March 2008 (UTC)
* The rules are in the "Game play" section, not the opening paragraph. If you keep adding Q you will be challenged and lose. --McGeddon (talk) 21:29, 6 March 2008 (UTC)
XKCD
He solved it on an airplane.Shouldnt that be inmportant enough to be in the article?Darth Cookie Monster (talk) —Preceding undated comment was added at 06:40, 29 September 2008 (UTC). | WIKI |
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Film/Archive 1
Begin
Well, it just so happens I've been giving this some thought as well. I have proposed a table format for albums at WikiProject Albums and there is some coloration discussion going on at Taxobox. I would recommend using a shade of orange with this table (not the one automatically designated orange by the software, but maybe darkorange or something -- I don't like colors in the table, as it makes the markup much more complicated and difficult to edit, and is just as effective if only used in the headers). It might be worth it to try and coordinate albums, movies, plays and operas, comic strips and novels, paintings and sculptures, short stories, etc. I would recommend adding something like the "professional reviews" at the albums template, but not everyone agrees that that would be good. I would also suggest running time, shooting location and genre. Tuf-Kat 05:38, Feb 4, 2004 (UTC)
Looks good, I suggest italicizing the movie titles. --Lexor 10:24, 4 Feb 2004 (UTC)
* Nevermind on the orange thing. Consensus is (and I agree with it) that it is more important for specific projects (like organisms) to be able to have different colors for different types (like plants and animals). Wouldn't really apply to movies (albums), though a different color for black comedy, romantic comedy, musicals, historical epics, etc might be interesting. Tuf-Kat 02:38, Feb 5, 2004 (UTC)
How do I join?
How do I join the project?
I already have a few ideas. For one, I think that all movie pages ought to list the MPAA rating.
I've created a couple of pages on movies, Hilary and Jackie and Impromptu (1991), and I realized that there needs to be a consistent format to these pages; this prompted me to look for this WikiProject. Robert Happelberg 23:06, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)
* Just add yourself to the "participants" list.
* I thought about including the MPAA rating, but then I realized that, because just about every nation has its own distinct ratings system, including them would be very US-centric. Wikipedia is, after all, a worldwide project. - Seth Ilys 23:13, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)
* You're right. If we include MPAA ratings we might have to include the ratings of the movie by other countries. Robert Happelberg 17:35, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)
System to apply format?
Any ideas on a systematic way to apply the project format to existing articles? Work our way through the List of movies pages, or what? --Catherine 22:20, 2 Mar 2004 (UTC)
* I think that since the project format is declared as "still evolving", we shouldn't be in a hurry to apply it to all existing movie articles. What I will do, however, is to apply the format to a couple of movie articles I'm thinking about creating. Robert Happelberg 17:42, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)
I had simply noticed that the format has appeared on a few movie articles already; and no, I don't think it's ready to be applied in a widespread way. Just thought it might be a good idea to have a plan for applying it once it's finished -- if it's done haphazardly, there will be both duplicated work and missed entries. Even the List of movies pages are rather incomplete..... Catherine 01:15, 4 Mar 2004 (UTC)
* I think I'm gonna hold off on creating movie articles, and see if I can make the List of Movies pages more complete. Where are those pages at, anyway? Is there a List of movies? Robert Happelberg 16:51, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC) (My last question was answered after I clicked Save Page).
* Well, IMDB lists them, maybe we could put a list of all of the ratings at the bottom of the pages? -- A Link to the Past 00:01, July 16, 2005 (UTC)
Country of release and language
I propose adding to the table the country of release and the language a film was made in -- we may eventually want to compile lists of movies by country or language.
* I second this proposal. Robert Happelberg 16:51, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)
* What about the Running time, the Rating and the Category? Tell me what u guys think about the All Over the Guy. --Yacht 10:11, Mar 9, 2004 (UTC)~
* Running time sounds reasonble; however, category is very subjective and subject to debate, not to mention unstandardized. Ratings vary from country to county; unless we want to list a dozen different ratings, I don't see why we'd want to include them. Country of first release should be listed beside the release date, IMHO. -- Seth Ilys 17:30, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)
* I thought the producers would categorize their movies? I am not sure. what about just listing the rating from the first release country as a reference? --Yacht 17:36, Mar 9, 2004 (UTC)
* Note that the running time for films differs between cinemas and home entertainment formats, especially for longer films, because film runs at 24 frames per second in cinemas and VHS/DVD run at 25 frames per second.AncientHaemovore
I've got some more ideas for the template:
* first, the director should be listed first, ie before the writer - it's the director who usually regarded as author of a movie;
* if the movie is a non-English one, the title on top of the table should be the original one; it would be similar ot the practice with country articles, where there's the English name in the article title but the local name on top of the table;
* the genre of the movie should also be included in the table; if it can be classified in more than one genre, list them all
* there should be some more technical details too - like is it color or black and white, is it mute or with sound? Or is it a cartoon?
So the table for a movie known in English as Sex Mission would like this: --Kpalion 11:16, 18 Apr 2004 (UTC)
But keep in mind that some films (notably those of Werner Herzog) are relased in multiple languages simultaneously. For example, Fitzcarraldo was shot in English language and also released in a German language dub, whereas Nosferatu was shot simultaneously in both languages.
* If a film was shot simultaneously in more than one language, then all of them should be listed in the table. Examples: The Passion of the Christ - Aramaic, Latin; LOTR - English, Elvish; etc. --Kpalion 22:55, 21 Apr 2004 (UTC)
Hi, I was working on a similar table which I based off of the template used by the Wikiproject Albums. I have it here to the right of this. Maybe we should combine it with the current one (since my table contains some info missing from the current one)? Also, note that I left the Chronology section there even though the movie I used for it doesn't have any sequels or prequels; that is merely there in case it is needed for other films. -- LGagnon
A Few Ideas
I love the idea of standardizing the entries on individual films; I think some more work ought to be done in devising a format which might address the potential interests of all users while remaining as concise and NPOV as possible. A few ideas:
* Rather than "Cultural Impact", why not "Reception"? Such a section could include figures on box office and attendance as well as press and popular reaction. Awards could be listed here, too. These entries should be as precise as possible; phrases like "widely considered" and "generally regarded" should be avoided, and individual reviewers could be cited. (Issues of cultural significance could be addressed in the criticism section described below.)
* I would strongly urge a section devoted to (perhaps called) analysis/criticism. This needn't be unduly POV; cinema studies is a rapidly expanding field, and there is a wealth of published, reputable critical material to draw from. Very little of this work (in books, academic journals, etc.) is available on the Web, so a collection of links to critical articles at the end of an entry would inevitably overrely on just a few sources. This section would avoid "loved it/hated it" reviews and try to present a survey of established critical thought about the film. This could be a great resource for students as well as for the moviegoing public at large, and would be unique (as far as I'm aware) on the internet.
* Synopses should include detailed information about the plot of the film (spoilers and all) in order to avoid resembling promotional literature and to give full context to the critical section. (See the reviews section of the British Film Institute's journal Sight and Sound for an example of well-done detailed film synopses.)
* Techies out there might appreciate a section devoted to special effects/technical details for the film. Again, there's a wealth of such info, much of which can't necessarily be bullet-pointed in a table.
* I like the idea to try to coordinate a format for these entries with those for novels, plays, etc., but such coordination should remain loose, in order to respect the individual characteristics of each form. I think it makes most sense to coordinate formats for narrative forms in general; I can't see much possible overlap between the format for discussing a (narrative) film and one for discussing, say, a painting.
* Specifying country of origin is crucial. I guess the reasons are obvious.
* Genre classification can be useful, but, as anyone who's tried to classify any large body of creative material knows, the closer you look at a system, the more arbitrary and less useful its classification scheme seems. In the end, either you end up with very simplified categories that don't tell you much of anything (e.g., drama, comedy, classic) about the films they attempt to classify; or extremely specific, overlapping categories that may be good for creating lists of similar films, or may be useful as descriptive terms, but may not necessarily work for comprehensively classifying a large set of films (e.g., 'women in prison' films, films noir, gay and lesbian films). If classifying by genre is a necessary evil, I would suggest trying to come up with a comprehensive list of genres before applying the system; trust me, this will save a lot of frustration later.
Reading over what I just wrote, it seems pretty dogmatic; this isn't what I intended. Please take what you find useful, and discard the rest. (I do urge you to consider a critical section, though!) Brian619 08:13, May 12, 2004 (UTC)
What about Wikiquote
I'm not sure how late I'm for the discussion, but incase someone is still listening, I'll like to address a crucial point, there has been no mention of a Wikiquote tag, I feel we need to stimulate more users to experience wikiquote so these tags are very important
* or
should be used.
A minor thing, when saying the date of the film we should begin using 1976 film or simply 1976, Example: Taxi Driver is a 1976 film... (also see Taxi Driver at Wikiquote for a quick demo.)
I am willing to contribute to this project in all the ways I can, PEACE ~ RoboAction 07:10, 23 Dec 2004 (UTC)
Images
I've never been a fan of displaying DVD covers as the corresponding image for films, as seems to be the general practice. The DVD covers, especially for older films, are usually modernized for reselling in newer markets and don't really contribute much to an understanding of the film itself. I much prefer to include important frames from the film (like in the 2001: A Space Odyssey article, which I think is quite good). Original movie posters can also work (again, like in the 2001 article). Any thoughts?
Bungopolis 23:23, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
Is it standard to get a cast photo next to the cast list?- B-101 15:57, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
* Re the DVD covers, I don't personally have a problem with DVD covers since that's what someone would probably see on a shelf or be able to identify with. If we can get the poster, that's cool but I don't think any less of DVD covers. Dismas 21:25, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
Intro format
A recent discussion over the intro sentence of Spartacus (movie) has lead me here to discuss it. This project advocates "TITLE (YEAR) is a GENRE movie" but this no longer seems to be the general practice. Even the example, The Terminator no longer matches.
I propose the project change to "TITLE is a YEAR GENRE movie" format. Cburnett 18:47, 29 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* Hello Cburnett. Can you feel how the antagonism is turning into something constructive? :)
* I also made a mention of this thing at Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style ("Lead section conventions for films"). Should get the ball rolling. Best, <IP_ADDRESS> 21:20, 29 Mar 2005 (UTC)
First of all, WikiProject Movies is clearly in a dilapidated state (just compare it with WikiProject Albums!), and the ”Structure” examples are patently inane, executed in a jokey manner. They cannot be taken for a guide. Then:
Format suggestion #2: TITLE (YEAR) is a film …
* Parentheses are easier to scan through. They are a short-hand for ”, which was released in XXXX,”.
* YEAR should link to a general year page. The more general the link, the better. This seems to be pretty much a standard practise. For example, go to 1998 and visit all the ”in topic” subpages. Pluck a few entries at random, and notice how practically all of them favor the general year:
* Hong Kong International Airport refers to the general year when mentioning its opening date.
* (Chris Ofili’s page doesn’t link to the year 1998, although he is listed as that year’s Turner award winner.)
* Deep Impact (movie) doesn’t link to the ”in film” subpage.
* (Mirror Image doesn’t actually link to the novel by Danielle Steel, but to a 1960 episode of The Twilight Zone! (WP is far from perfect!) In any case, the release date refers to the general year.) Rainbow Six (book) makes mention of the release year (general) only in the bibliography.
* The Chemical Wedding (album) = 1998.
* Dawson's Creek = 1998.
* The stub for Adam Aircraft Industries does link to ”in aviation”.
* Eschede train disaster is also seen to have more to do with the history of the world than to that of technology.
* The same goes for Explorer I.
* Uniformity. Within WP, it is very common that films (books, music albums) mentioned in relation to the topic of the article are given in the format TITLE (YEAR). Why not use this at the beginning of the article as well? Outside of WP, the convention of TITLE (YEAR) is even more prominent; this is certainly the case with some of the best websites dedicated to film: Masters of Cinema and the articles on Senses of Cinema, for example.
* Genre. It should not be mandatory to pigeonhole films into genres, at least not in the very first sentence. The question of genre can be brought up later in the lead section, but it needn’t be among the first things told about a given film. Furthermore, I think genres are more adequately dealt with categories.
After a decision has been reached, we should make the adjustments to Casablanca (movie) (the only film page that is also a featured article), and then update the project page with workable structure suggestions based on that film. <IP_ADDRESS> 07:11, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* Linking to the "year" vs. "year in" has been a long debate. One side is "year in" is more relevant to what the year means (for example the release of a film has more ties with year in film rather than year in current events (which do not list films)); the other is opposed to "misrepresenting" the link. Both are somewhat on par with navigability but I strongly favor linking to the more relevant article: year in film.
* Talking about airports or people is darn near a strawman argument for the discussion at hand: films and the year they were released.
* Films use the "TITLE (YEAR)" format because most of the filmographies on WP are essentially copies from IMDB. It's tabular data and I convert it when I see it (e.g., Julia Stiles, Jake Gyllenhaal, Liam Neeson). I also consider using improper formatting of tabular data as the basis of guiding style of non-tabular data also as a strawman.
* Also citing the use of "TITLE (YEAR)" in mid-sentence is a different ball of wax. Unlike mid-sentence use of "TITLE (YEAR)" is meant to disambiguate the title, but the use of the year in the intro paragraph is meant to describe the title. Two completely different purposes.
* The bulk of films fit into a genre or multiple genres. If it doesn't then it's not necessary to "pigeonhole" hole it. Categories are a bad idea for primarily explaining genres or any details: it's at the bottom of the article. *I* don't want to have to look at the bottom for such data. Your argument is inconsistent here. If you're advocating the use of categories for descriptions, then resign the year of release to its membership of a category. Cburnett 07:35, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* Set the straw man on fire, will you!
* Links. I am just trying to establish that it is more prudent to favor the general over the specific. And like I said, "(year)" is clearly understandable shorthand, i.e. it is in itself descriptive.
* "what the year means". In all instances, I think it should mean "this happened this year".
* Tabular data. Oh, God, you did those too! Sorry, but they look really wonky and wrong. But let's not go into that now.
* Genres. Well, you know, I just can't stand genres. Now, when you write "If you're advocating the use of categories for descriptions, then resign the year of release to its membership of a category." you're clearly playing the devil's advocate: the release year IS more important than the genre(s) the film belongs to!
* I hope some other folks would join the discussion. 'Cos otherwise a stalemate is just a few moves away. <IP_ADDRESS> 08:15, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* Stalement: yes. I'm curious, though, how you would present tabular data without using tables. Cburnett 00:56, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* First of all, I realized that I really shouldn’t involve myself with Wikipedia. The format does not suit me, or the kind of writing I want to do. As simple as that.
* Tables. Well, reduce the amount of data so that you don’t have to resort to a table in the first place! For example, the actor filmographies don’t need to mention the roles the actors played (the main article (actor or film) can hack that.). Plus, I believe the timeline should begin with their first efforts and move towards the latest stuff. That way, all the reader has to do is keep on pressing one buttom: the one that points down.
* Parting words: May I suggest that you raise the bar of this project, and flesh out the style conventions with the aid of the other parcipants. That way, you can easily sent the curious to the project page for guidance.
* And with that, I’m ending my two-week WP test period. So you needn't respond to this post.
* Best, <IP_ADDRESS> 10:43, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* I'll restart part of the discussion, I think linking to YEAR instead of YEAR in film|YEAR would be better since that would be consistent with the rest of Wikipedia, but it wouldn't be horrible if it went the other way. MechBrowman 03:11, July 13, 2005 (UTC)
* 'Year in' would be better to provide context. It is such a shame that so few people determine issues which effect how many users enjoy the wiki. It is also very disheartening that we can become obsessed with such minor issues rather than creating content. The JPS 18:17, 5 August 2005 (UTC)
Director templates
I'm not sure if this is the right place to bring this up, but I will anyway. I was looking around at the movie articles, figuring out what makes one "good". I noticed several articles had templates that listed all the movies the director of that movie directed. Kubrick, Speilberg, Hitchcock and others all had this. I felt this made the articles even more cluttered (and many are very cluttered with templates and lists already) I don't see the need for any director to have a template like this. I have not seen any other type of artist with a template like this. Since the director's corresponding article contains a list of all of that director's movies, there doesn't seem to be any reason to have a template. MechBrowman 03:53, May 3, 2005 (UTC)
* I agree, it's unnecessary. Anyone who wants to see what Speilberg's other films are can click on his name and find out, that's the advantage of WP. JW 23:03, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
* I noticed there is a vfd on the templates for Kubrick, Hitchock, and Speilberg posted on July 10th. Everyone should go voice thier opionon. MechBrowman 00:17, July 12, 2005 (UTC)
There should be an extensive debate about these. The TFD slapped on Lynch roused those in favour of these templates. We now have the problem that some directors have templates, others don't. The needs to be consistency. I'm strongly in favour of navagational templates for notable directors because of their chronological order (I've voted delete on other templates which achieve the same as a category would). I know people above have expressed a dislike, but there are many others who are in favour of them. How do we go about establishing a debate for a policy, or something? The JPS 15:43, 11 August 2005 (UTC)
* I really don't know, which is why I mentioned it here. Perhaps you could create one of those proposal pages. MechBrowman 23:23, August 11, 2005 (UTC)
* I'm not sure about who to go about a formal proposal, but here's a stab at a practise. Feel free to imropove it. I want to try to keep the main page as a summary of the page, with the talk page as a dialogue. The JPS 16:02, 13 August 2005 (UTC)
New here
I am somewhat new to Wikipedia, but already I feel right at home. This evening I joined this fine project, but I think it could use a little reform. For one, I think we should make the project page a little more detailed and a little more like some of the other Wikipedia documentation, including explaining or links to explinations of formatting and use of Wikipedia in general (resemble things like How to edit a page). I think the thing the project page needs most is structure — hey, maybe we can even use the 'subpage' feature of wikipedia (Example: WikipProject Movies/Formatting). Another thing I think there is a lack of is specifics. I think we should have a list of film categories to add our movies to (the current ones are sparse and many movies are in no categories at all). Also, maybe we should recommend adding a list of reviews to the pages — I've done it to the last few I've updated. An example of a somewhat well structured WikiProject that I've come accross is WikiProject_Airports. Anyways, if anybody is interested in any of these ideas, respond. I'll have this page on watch. --imaek 06:52, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Update 07:16, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC): I created a temporary example of a template index similar to that of Template messages/Stubs. Here it is: WikiProject Movies/Templates --imaek 07:16, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Movie templates
I've been writing some new film articles and using the movie template but I'm not 100% happy with it. I know there's been some discussion on this, but it was months ago and I'm not sure if any consensus has been reached on which template to use. The templates at the moment seem to list things like distributor and budget that aren't necessarily appropriate. It can be difficult to find budget info for older films, and its often meaningless to compare the budget of a 1943 film to a 2003 one anyway. Also, distributor is a bit of a problem because most films have different distributors in different countries. I've noticed people have often taken the distributor info from a DVD or video copy, which is inaccurate as many films (including almost all older ones) will have different distributors from their original release. Is there any agreement on what template to use, or are there alternatives? JW 29 June 2005 12:58 (UTC)
* I think something quite basic would be best. That's what I don't like about templates like that, they have this "one-size-fits-all" mentality (not that a template can have a mentality, but, well, you know). One thing I dislike about the album tempaltes is that many articles have a "?????" in some of the entries, which looks bad. I think if something isn't applicable or known it should be left out, which is difficult to do with templates. Any info not included in the template can be put elsewhere in the article.
* I haven't been part of this wikiproject, but I'm thinking maybe I should join, as I do have some opinions on film articles. Mostly I just don't like the ones that are practically cut and paste jobs from IMDb. I've written a few that don't follow any real standardization, but I think they're pretty good in that they have some good information other than IMDb stats and plot synopsis. I think real articles on films should be encouraged. -R. fiend 01:50, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
Ratings template
How about creating an "Ratings" template? That way it does not have to be integral with the Template:Infobox Movie. Steven McCrary 21:20, August 9, 2005 (UTC)
How about the rating template at right. It is at Template:Infobox Movie rating I have implemented it on Groundhog Day (film). Comments? Steven McCrary 13:25, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* What is the purpose for mentioning the film's rating? MechBrowman 14:04, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* Information, that's all (not trying to be coy). For some people, ratings are controversial, for others not. For some people, ratings are very important; for others not. Steven McCrary 14:55, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* If the rating was contorversial than it should be mentioned within the article, and if you really want to put in ratings than why not mention them somewhere in the content of the article? I do not understand why you feel a template is needed for information that can be very arbitrary and even changes over time (and if different from country to country). MechBrowman 17:25, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* see comment below The JPS. Steven McCrary 18:00, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* I think that the ratings should be implemented in the main infobox_movie because having more than one template one above the other may not look so good when they don't have the same width. you see, after I've removed the (thumb) from the movie poster on groundhog day's article, the infobox became wider than the your template.. btw: see my suggestion about having the movie sequels in the infobox at the bottom of this article. --Amr Hassan 14:39, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
* I see you've fixed the width of the template to be as the infobox .. but how do you know that it's gonna fit all the other infoboxes on the other movie articles ?? and btw. I think that the 300px movie poster width is the most popular here .. --Amr Hassan 14:46, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
* True enough, and that could be a problem. I like your suggestion about implementation as found in albums. Until the Infobox Movie is updated, I plan on using this one. Until then, I am resolved to keep all images to 210px. Steven McCrary 14:55, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* I added another parameter to Infobox_Movie_rating that allows the user to vary the width on the article page. The examples at the right show the feature. Steven McCrary 16:43, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* I agree with MechBrowman that inclusion is superfluous. The template provides a link to the IMDB for a reason. For films where the ratings are controversial, they should be discussed properly, within context, in the article. The JPS 17:36, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
* Putting the rating(s) in a template provides a standard location for that information. To me, not providing a rating summary is a significant piece of missing information that helps to summarize the movie's content. Following the IMDB logic to extreme would mean elimination of most (if not all) of the information in the Infobox_Movie template. Which eventually leads to why put any information here that is on IMDb (or any other movie web site), a discussion already occuring elsewhere on this page. The controversies and changes in ratings can still be brought up in the article. Steven McCrary 18:00, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* Inclusion of actors, writers, producers and directors enables wikilinks to (potential) articles about those individuals, something which the IMDB cannot provide. Ratings do not summarize a movie's content. Why did they obtain that rating? Strong violence or graphic sex scenes, or both, or something else...? Comlpeting Infobox_Movie can be tedious enough without having to add superfluous info. The JPS 18:11, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
* A couple of comments:
* I see the benefit of actors, writers, ..., etc. Good point. But what about the duplicity (with what is on IMDb) of information regarding budget of a film? run time? Should they should be moved to the article?
* Do not understand the comment, "ratings do not summarize a movie's content." It certainly suggests the level of violence, sex, and maturity of content, etc. Aren't those summaries? I believe it is important information about the movie, and is important to Wikipedia's audience.
* Steven McCrary 19:57, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* I'm not a big fan of budgets and run times being included either. (Running times have far too many variants anyway). If a film's budget is relevant, then it should be discussed in context (i.e. the most expensive film since x until y in 19zz). It's a field I usually leave blank when I'm adding this template to film articles, unless it can be found very easily.
* Ratings are too reductive to be useful for an encyclopedia. They may be useful for parents, etc, trying to decide if a film is suitable (wikipedia is not a video guide) for family consumption. For an encyclopedia, however, the range of elements which could inflict a high rating means that on their own they are pretty much useless. They may "suggest the level of violence, sex, and maturity of content", but not accurately report it, within context. A film does dot need to be explicit in all areas to receive a 18, or R, or whatever... sex, violence, drug use... which is it? They tell us very little. The JPS 20:13, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
* Excellent points, well stated! I agree they are reductive, and without the reasoning they mean nothing (note I did include the "for" parameter in the Infobox_Movies_rating), and agreed that Wikipedia is not a video guide. Thanks for the perspective.
* The best example that comes to my mind is the rating given to the movie A Clockwork Orange. The movie originally appeared in 1971 with an "X" rating. I was a child then (12), but still remember the hooplah associated with that rating. In college, I read the book, as you know, a masterpiece of literature, nevertheless a brutal tale. Only recently did I rent and watch the video, now with an "R" rating. The point is that those ratings communicated content of that movie. I am not sure that words could adequately describe the brutality of that movie (or of those individuals). But a rating does, in my view, along with the reason. I think people understand thresholds of values and a rating systems communicates those thresholds in a manner words do not.
* Anyway, I am not trying to convince you of my viewpoint, only communicate it.
* Steven McCrary 21:31, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
Another problem with a ratings template is that that are likely to be presented with American ratings only. They won't relate to readers in other countries that use different ratings, based on different criteria. Having them in the article where they can be explained is a great idea, but just having a rating in the infobox serves little purpose, I think. Rossrs 00:11, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
I think it should be in the main movie template, it's easier to find if you wanted to know that info. --Revolución (talk) 23:45, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
* I see no reason why movie ratings have to be kept separate from the main Infobox Movie template. this template is where the reader goes to get a quick rundown of the film's basic facts, such as starring cast members, runtime, budget, etc. Why should film ratings get their own template? — EagleOne\Talk 21:01, 23 October 2005 (UTC)
Titles - Call to Action
There are literally hundreds of articles that are at Title (movie) or Title (YEAR movie). These all need to be moved to Title (film) and Title (YEAR film), don't they? Is there any effort at all to do this? john k 01:37, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
Oh, I forgot the call to action part - if this does, indeed, need to be done, it's either a) going to require a huge amount of effort; or b) something that somebody should design a bot to do. john k 01:38, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
* Is "film" better than "movie"? I would sort of think so, but it seems movie is more prevalent (from my own limited experience). I'd be happy with either, but I think you're right in that they need to be standardized. I would think a bot would be the way to go, but as I know nothing about making bots I cannot help in this respect, however. -R. fiend 01:43, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
* Neither do I...I think "film" is better, given that we use film in every context except the article titles. But it'll be a huge amount of work. john k 01:11, 14 July 2005 (UTC)
Category:Movies without Infoboxes
Does anyone else here think that there should be a Category for movie articles without Infoboxes? -- A Link to the Past 00:02, July 16, 2005 (UTC)
What about IMDB...?
Essentially, I see this project as competing head-on with IMDB. Now that's not necessarily a bad thing, but I just wanted to make sure that that is what is really happening. If so, this is a big task - not an impossible one but a big one. Comments anyone? Manning 00:20, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
Further thoughts - IMDB has several advantages over MediaWiki in this area.
* 1) Automatic back-linking: If I say Actor X is in Movie Y, then the page for Actor X automatically backlinks, and is automatically date-ordered.
* 2) Date engine - all movie entries are date stamped, and all links are automatically sorted in this fashion.
* 3) Fixed parameters - IMDB has a fixed range of parameters (Trivia, Plot Summary, Goofs, Awards, etc). We would need to manually maintain all of this.
Essentially, I can't see us competing with IMDB using Wikipedia. However, I CAN see us having MediaWiki modified to a fixed framework (and have the autobacklinking and date ordering included) and then creating a sister project called "WikiMovies"... Now that's a really big call, but it would achieve big things. We would need Jimbo's input of course. Manning 00:40, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
* Why do you think this is a competition? IMDB has its own benefits, but Wikipedia is an encyclopedia and the film articles should deal with what the movie is, how and why it was produced, criticism and its influence or innovations if any. I think there should be more concern about making Wikipedia movie articles less like IMDB. MechBrowman 03:05, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
* If the objective is to NOT be like IMDB, then that is great too, but it needs to be well-defined. My assessment that this seems like a competition against IMDB is based on what I have read thus far and I'm happy to be wrong. I think you are correct in identifying that there is a need for greater clarity as to precisely what is trying to be achieved. Manning 04:46, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
* I think the similarities to IMDB are because many of the film articles took the information directly from IMDB. I think a problem that WikiProject Films faces is that there are few resources readily available for many movies. I went to the Main branch of the Philadelphia Public Library and they didn't even have a single book devoted to D.W. Griffith! MechBrowman 20:08, July 21, 2005 (UTC)
* I agree that the Wikipedia Films project has a distinct role to play beyond IMDb, and other web sites. The purpose here is to document significant historical events. IMDb does not do much of that, especially with new films. I see Wikipedia's NPOV as a very important role in documenting our knowledge, one that is distinct from IMDb. My $0.02. Steven McCrary 18:15, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* I think it would be a good idea to have a wiki-based IMDB-like project. Currently IMDB is owned by Amazon and its licensing allows using its data only for personal use. It'd be nice to have a competing project that is user-powered and its data open for others to build upon. FarmerBob 08:31, 4 November 2005 (UTC)
New template Future film for tagging upcoming films
Adding the tag automatically adds the article to Category:Upcoming films, which is a subcategory of Category:Future products. Note that Category:Future films would propably be more in line with Category:Future products, Category:Future games and Category:Future events. --The Merciful 19:59, 1 August 2005 (UTC)
Improvement Drive
Horror film and Pulp fiction are currently listed on WP:IDRIVE. To be improved, the articles need your support.--Fenice 08:32, 5 August 2005 (UTC)
Henry Fonda - Featured Article Candidate
Henry Fonda is being voted on for on WP:FAC. Show your support! -- A Link to the Past 12:50, August 5, 2005 (UTC)
Movie sequels in the infobox ..
Hi everyone .. i've recently joined wikipedia and i've been working on movies article on my own ever since. i've just found out about this project now and i signed my name to the participants and i'm enthusiastic to work :D. i have an idea .. why not add a table in the Template:Infobox_movie with the movie sequels ? --Amr Hassan 05:54, 6 August 2005 (UTC)
* Welcome. While it sounds good on paper, consider that some movies have very many sequels. Sequels would suit the article better rather than on the infobox. -- A Link to the Past 23:41, August 9, 2005 (UTC)
* I was thinking of something like there is on the Infobox_album.. check this for an example Meteora. there's the current album.. the last one .. and the next one.. we could do this in the movie infobox.. the last one.. this one .. and the next one if there is.. --Amr Hassan 06:20, 10 August 2005 (UTC)
* Infobox album is also very small and fits that infromation, Infobox film is large already and has a great deal of information. The information is better suited in the article like A Link to the Past said, or in the case of popular movie series like Star Wars a seperate template located at the bottom of the page. MechBrowman 17:29, August 10, 2005 (UTC)
* I was thinking the same - have a 'Prequel' field and a 'Sequel' field which link to the relevant films. This would allow users to quickly browse through the series of films without trying to hunt out the links in the text. It would also indicate when a film does not have a prequel/sequel, as you would put None or something in the field. It would also help to put the year the prequel/sequel was made/released in brackets after the film's name. We would need to discuss whether Star Wars I or Star Wars IV was first etc. But I think the advantages outweigh any disadvantages of it taking up too much space. Marky1981 16:20, 15 September 2005 (UTC)
The Godfather
We here at WikiProject:Featured Article Drive are working on making The Godfather a featured article. Help out! -- A Link to the Past 16:11, August 13, 2005 (UTC)
Lists of works
I thought that the following link may be of interest to people involved in the Films Wikiproject: Manual of Style (lists of works). I was thinking especially of the discussion on the associated talk page about the order in which an actor's films are listed. Dismas 09:03, 15 August 2005 (UTC)
* Well, I seem to be duplicating some efforts at Filmographies then. But perhaps that could help for the Manual of Style as well. R ADICAL B ENDER ★ 18:37, August 15, 2005 (UTC)
Shortening plot summaries
I've noticed that many movie articles give the entire plot of a movie, be it condensed or super freaking long. Basically, I'm suggesting that we both shorten the summaries and not tell the whole plot of a movie.
Support
* 1) A Link to the Past (talk) 21:01, August 26, 2005 (UTC)
Object
* 1) Astrokey44 |talk 02:04, 10 December 2005 (UTC)
Comment
* 1) I support condensing the superlong summaries that discuss every minor subplot and provide obsessive levels of detail. I believe our aim should be to be thorough and complete, so I object to the suggestion of not telling the entire main plot (unless you're also suggesting trimming off the needless subplots and sticking just to the main plot). I think we should convey the main storyline briefly with a beginning, middle and end. Perhaps the main problem is to establish a definition of the word "summary" for the purpose of discussing a film. My interpretation of a good summary is one that does not exhaustively discuss every trivial point but covers every important one. Brief and concise, but clear and comprehensive. Rossrs 00:00, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
* I agree with what Rossrs says. To me it seems that many people are eager to contribute to Wikipedia but have nothing more to add than superfluous plot summaries for film articles. The result is sort of like when kids resort to retelling the entire story when they are suppost to be writting a review. We can watch the film, we don't need to read the entire thing. Some examples are in the articles for Tarantino's films: Reservoir Dogs, Pulp Fiction and Kill Bill; summaries which I feel need to be cut in half with a chainsaw. For a more ideal length look to Sunset Boulevard (1950 film) and Casablanca (film). --Cammoore 08:34, 9 November 2005 (UTC)
I dont think theres anything wrong with telling the entire plot to a movie. An encyclopedia article on a movie should not be like a film review where they try not to reveal spoilers. We have the spoiler template so everything significant should be covered. I think that more significant films like the ones Camoore just mentioned deserve longer plot summaries because of their influence/notability. Perhaps some of the minor films could have the plot shortened. Astrokey44 |talk 02:04, 10 December 2005 (UTC)
IMDB bot?
Has anyone thought of creating a bot that scours IMDB for movies that don't yet have articles on Wikipedia, extracts any available information from the database, and creates an article out of it? This seems very necessary. — BRIAN 0918 • 2005-08-27 17:27
* Mmm, I'm not too sure it is that necessary. We're trying to be an encyclopedia, not an IMDB clone (though by the state of the majority of film articles you'll be forgiven for thinking otherwise!). We need articles (i.e. critical reaction, importance, etc.)! The JPS 18:28, 27 August 2005 (UTC)
* Such detail comes after we've started stubs for all the important films, which I am positive we are not even close to finishing. The bot-generated stubs wouldn't look like IMDB. It would pick out the director name, the top actors, the tag line, and any other important info, and rewrite it all in sentence form, such as " _____ is a 19__ film directed by ____. The film starred _____ and _____. The film was set in ______. Its budget was _____." Very simple but very necessary start. — BRIAN 0918 • 2005-09-2 04:57
* Would it also put them into the correct category, and sort them correctly? The JPS 10:28, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
* And also add the correct stub notice? Add wikilinks? Disambiguate them? If it will do all those things I won't be as bothered. Otherwise the time spent tidying up these stubs could be spent improving existing articles on 'important' films. If someone hasn't already bothered to add it to the wiki, then the film is likely to be pretty obscure and irrelevant. The JPS 10:39, 2 September 2005 (UTC)
* Note that IMDB's policies http://www.imdb.com/help/show_leaf?usedatasoftware don't allow bots or screenscraping. They do, however, have all their data available for download. But, they explicitly forbid building any kind of "online/offline database of movie information (except for individual personal use)". I am not sure how that applies to parts of their database that are essentially a collection of facts.FarmerBob 05:22, 2 November 2005 (UTC)
Hi
I'm working on the article for Good Night and Good Luck, and I'm wondering whether a film's tagline should be in the template? Sort of like the "motto" on templates for countries and states? --Revolución (talk) 23:44, 3 September 2005 (UTC)
* A tagline should definietly not be in the template, taglines I feel are even more unnessecary than film ratings. Taglines are mostly made by the marketing department of some distribution company and are not very important at all. Taglines should only be in the main article. I think the only times a tagline should be mentioned if it actually had some cultural effect that got people to see the movie or became a popular phrase. MechBrowman 02:34, September 5, 2005 (UTC)
Annie Hall - help!!!
Hi folks, Could you please take a look at Annie Hall. You'll soon spot the section I mean. It has been added by a new user (who does not yet understand the wiki philosophy). I'm going to need help cleaning that up, and making sure it stays cleaned up. You might like to check out my talk page too, to see the rather hostile messages he's left there. The JPS 21:50, 6 September 2005 (UTC)
Screenplays
For what it's worth, as a reader I'd like to see external links to screenplays when available. Squib 22:56, 7 September 2005 (UTC)
* Although I agree that it does seem like a good idea, I'm sure there is a policy on wikipedia about linking to copyright violations? I added an external link to a site with a video clip - the edit was reverted, so lesson learnt.
* I am aware that I respond negatively to many suggestions. Sorry!!! :D
* The JPS 23:01, 7 September 2005 (UTC)
* You seem to be assuming that it would invariably be a copyright violation. I tend to doubt that, but I certainly wouldn't assume it across the board. Again, the suggestion is to link "when available." There could be other reasons not to do it, such as not enough interest or can't be bothered (my excuse). I'd find it useful is all, so maybe others would too. Squib 18:19, 8 September 2005 (UTC)
* This is true, but I would think that it is fair to assume that in the vast majority of cases it would be a copyvio. I'd be bothered enough to add such links, but not so that someone else can come along and remove them two months later because of a policy we hadn't discussed. If "when available" takes copyright into consideration, then I support. The JPS 19:12, 8 September 2005 (UTC)
This Project
Does this project encompass the need Wikipedia has for the more technical side of filmmaking? There are no articles on HMI lights, many of the honorary societies (I just added the ACE and MPSE), or the basics of cinematography. If not, is there another wikiproject or none? Thanks! Kushboy 06:24, 15 September 2005 (UTC)
* I have absolutly no knowledge of your examples, but my feeling is that they would be welcome on wikipedia. I now want to know about them! Do HMI lights produce a distinctive effect - and is there a fair-use image that could be used to illustrate it? This project focusses upon articles about films themselves, but is, I believe, the closest project to what you're talking about. (The wiki is full of surprises, though.) Well done on your two recent additions. The JPS 09:10, 15 September 2005 (UTC)
* Well, there's so much going on with the lights and all. I could take pictures of them myself to show what they do. Should I/we propose a descendant project? I haven't worked much with Wikiprojects. Kushboy 17:41, 15 September 2005 (UTC)
Cast listings: who's in, and who's out?
Thanks to some exceedingly lame edit wars over on the various Star Wars articles, I think 'tis time to reach some community -- by which I mean Wikipedia-wide, rather than the five Star Wars fanboys who edit the articles there -- consensus on who should be included in cast listings for all films with Wikipedia articles.
Most important, in my mind, is that we use objective criteria, so people don't start complaining about "Oh, but you should have included John Doe, because his character is soooooooo cuuuuuuuuuute" or "But Bill Smith is t3h pWnz0r, he should be included too!" or that kind of crap.
My first inclination is to say we include the cast as listed on IMDb -- "Cast overview, first billed only."
However, I'm aware that this may create some issues. For example, taking the original Star Wars, IMDb lists the cast as:
Mark Hamill .... Luke Skywalker Harrison Ford .... Han Solo Carrie Fisher .... Princess Leia Organa Peter Cushing .... Grand Moff Tarkin Alec Guinness .... Ben Obi-Wan Kenobi Anthony Daniels .... C-3PO Kenny Baker .... R2-D2 Peter Mayhew .... Chewbacca David Prowse .... Darth Vader James Earl Jones .... Darth Vader (voice) Phil Brown .... Uncle Owen Shelagh Fraser .... Aunt Beru Jack Purvis .... Chief Jawa Alex McCrindle .... General Dodonna Eddie Byrne .... General Willard
Now, I think most anyone who has seen this film will agree that Owen and Beru, along with the Chief Jawa and General Willard, are minor at best, and that Wedge, who is missing entirely here, is fairly important (being Luke's wingman and all).
So with that huge flaw pointed out in my only useful suggestion thus far, does anyone have a better objective suggestion for how we might go about listing movie casts?--chris.lawson 05:06, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
* Agree with you. IMDb is great but it takes its cast lists from the movie itself (usually), so sometimes the cast is "in order of appearance" and sometimes alphabetical, but mostly it's correct. My opinion is we don't need the full cast list anymore than we need the full crew list, just the main ones. In theory I'd stop at 10 but it depends on the movie. For some 10 would be too many, but for others, too few, such as those with ensemble or "all star" casts where there are a lot of people with roles that are similar in size or importance. (such as Memphis Belle, Magnolia, Boogie Nights. Genuine "all star" films would be ones where the casting itself was a gimmick. Think the Airport films, The Towering Inferno etc. Notable cameos of course should be mentioned. Marlon Brando in Superman, some film with Bette Davis where she is onscreen for about 5 minutes (can't think of the title) should be mentioned simply because of the stature of the person. Someone who shuffles pointlessly across the screen and glances briefly at the camera should not be mentioned, unless that person went on to become Marilyn Monroe or Tom Cruise (or someone genuinely famous). A lot of POV is going to come into it, like everything. With the Star Wars example above, I'd stop the list at James Earl Jones. As we link most film related articles to IMDb I see even less justification for blindly duplicating their cast lists. Rossrs 09:23, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
* Thanks. Unfortunately, that doesn't address the issue of objectivity. It seems very clumsy to have to develop a consensus for how the cast should be listed for each of the thousands of films with Wikipedia articles. A generalised guideline would be much better.--chris.lawson 02:22, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
* I think it's going to be very hard to come up with a standard approach for a medium that is so diverse, but maybe a guideline could say something like "cast lists should be limited to only the principal and supporting players, and listed in order of importance in the film. For most films it should not be necessary to list more than (10?) names, however some discretion should be allowed for ensemble casts where a larger number of performers play characters of relatively equal importance. In some cases it may be appropriate to mention the presence of a notable performer in the cast, for example early in their career or cameo appearances." I think that no matter how a guideline is written individual contributors are going to view it subjectively, and that's when individual articles need to be looked at.Rossrs 11:56, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
Articles for the Wikipedia 1.0 project
Hi, I'm a member of the Version_1.0_Editorial_Team, which is looking to identify quality articles in Wikipedia for future publication on CD or paper. We recently began assessing using these criteria, and we are looking for A-Class and good B-Class articles, with no POV or copyright problems. Can you recommend any suitable film articles? Please post your suggestions here. Thanks a lot! Walkerma 21:53, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
A few suggestions:
* Metropolis
* Sunset Boulevard
* Casablanca
Will try to add more as I find them. Rossrs 12:02, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
Thanks for the suggestions so far- this reads like a list of some of my favourite films! I would give Metropolis B-class because it still needs some references, the others A-class (ready for publication), are these assessments fair? I'm sure this project must have dozens more A-class....! Thanks, Walkerma 22:04, 31 October 2005 (UTC)
Renaming requests
As I'm doing random DABbing, I'm also sorting articles to conform to naming conventions. Are there any admins here who could sort the following... The JPS 23:13, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
* Cimarron (1960 movie) into Cimarron (1960 film)
* Singles (movie) into Singles (film)
* watch this space for any complicated ones
Disambiguation project
The following is a list of film related disambiguation tasks.
* American Beauty -> American Beauty (1999 film) mostly done The JPS 17:22, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
* Jaws -> Jaws (film) mostly done The JPS 17:22, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
* Tombstone -> Tombstone (film)
* American Pie -> American Pie (film)
* Psycho -> Psycho and Psycho (1999) ?
Wikicity
Why make a WikiProject when you can make a Wikicity? What's the difference between the two? Or is there already a wikicity on filmmaking? What other projects/cities/programs related to wikipedia are dedicated to film/filmmaking/video/television? I'm trying to find the grand daddy of all film-related articles; and that doesn't seem to be possible. The only "umbrella" article or page I can think of is wikipedia.org itself! There are probaby other film-related projects out there that I'm not even aware of.
Wiki Loves Pride!
You are invited to participate in Wiki Loves Pride!
* What? Wiki Loves Pride, a campaign to document and photograph LGBT culture and history, including pride events
* When? June 2015
* How can you help?
* 1.) Create or improve LGBT-related articles and showcase the results of your work here
* 2.) Upload photographs or other media related to LGBT culture and history, including pride events, and add images to relevant Wikipedia articles; feel free to create a subpage with a gallery of your images (see examples from last year)
* 3.) Contribute to an LGBT-related task force at another Wikimedia project (Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, Wikivoyage, etc.)
Or, view or update the current list of Tasks. This campaign is supported by the Wikimedia LGBT+ User Group, an officially recognized affiliate of the Wikimedia Foundation. Visit the group's page at Meta-Wiki for more information, or follow Wikimedia LGBT+ on Facebook. Remember, Wiki Loves Pride is about creating and improving LGBT-related content at Wikimedia projects, and content should have a neutral point of view. One does not need to identify as LGBT or any other gender or sexual minority to participate. This campaign is about adding accurate, reliable information to Wikipedia, plain and simple, and all are welcome!
If you have any questions, please leave a message on the campaign's main talk page.
Thanks, and happy editing!
User:Another Believer and User:OR drohowa (timestamp may not be accurate) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Another Believer (talk • contribs) 15:13, 3 June 2015 (UTC)
Request for information on WP1.0 web tool
Hello and greetings from the maintainers of the WP 1.0 Bot! As you may or may not know, we are currently involved in an overhaul of the bot, in order to make it more modern and maintainable. As part of this process, we will be rewriting the web tool that is part of the project. You might have noticed this tool if you click through the links on the project assessment summary tables.
We'd like to collect information on how the current tool is used by....you! How do you yourself and the other maintainers of your project use the web tool? Which of its features do you need? How frequently do you use these features? And what features is the tool missing that would be useful to you? We have collected all of these questions at this Google form where you can leave your response. Walkerma (talk) 04:24, 27 October 2019 (UTC)
Changes to the WP:1.0 assessment scheme
As you may have heard, we at the Wikipedia 1.0 Editorial Team recently made some changes to the assessment scale, including the addition of a new level. The new description is available at WP:ASSESS.
* The new C-Class represents articles that are beyond the basic Start-Class, but which need additional references or cleanup to meet the standards for B-Class.
* The criteria for B-Class have been tightened up with the addition of a rubric, and are now more in line with the stricter standards already used at some projects.
* A-Class article reviews will now need more than one person, as described here.
Each WikiProject should already have a new C-Class category at Category:C-Class_articles. If your project elects not to use the new level, you can simply delete your WikiProject's C-Class category and clarify any amendments on your project's assessment/discussion pages. The bot is already finding and listing C-Class articles.
Please leave a message with us if you have any queries regarding the introduction of the revised scheme. This scheme should allow the team to start producing offline selections for your project and the wider community within the next year. Thanks for using the Wikipedia 1.0 scheme! For the 1.0 Editorial Team, §hepBot ( Disable ) 21:04, 4 July 2008 (UTC)
Wikipedia 0.7 articles have been selected for Spanish cinema
Wikipedia 0.7 is a collection of English Wikipedia articles due to be released on DVD, and available for free download, later this year. The Version 1.0 Editorial Team has made an automated selection of articles for Version 0.7.
We would like to ask you to review the articles selected from this project. These were chosen from the articles with this project's talk page tag, based on the rated importance and quality. If there are any specific articles that should be removed, please let us know at Wikipedia talk:Version 0.7. You can also nominate additional articles for release, following the procedure at Release Version Nominations.
A list of selected articles with cleanup tags, sorted by project, is available. The list is automatically updated each hour when it is loaded. Please try to fix any urgent problems in the selected articles. A team of copyeditors has agreed to help with copyediting requests, although you should try to fix simple issues on your own if possible.
We would also appreciate your help in identifying the version of each article that you think we should use, to help avoid vandalism or POV issues. These versions can be recorded at this project's subpage of User:SelectionBot/0.7. We are planning to release the selection for the holiday season, so we ask you to select the revisions before October 20. At that time, we will use an automatic process to identify which version of each article to release, if no version has been manually selected. Thanks! For the Wikipedia 1.0 Editorial team, SelectionBot 23:27, 15 September 2008 (UTC)
Article alerts
This is a notice to let you know about Article alerts, a fully-automated subscription-based news delivery system designed to notify WikiProjects and Taskforces when articles are entering Articles for deletion, Requests for comment, Peer review and other workflows (full list). The reports are updated on a daily basis, and provide brief summaries of what happened, with relevant links to discussion or results when possible. A certain degree of customization is available; WikiProjects and Taskforces can choose which workflows to include, have individual reports generated for each workflow, have deletion discussion transcluded on the reports, and so on. An example of a customized report can be found here.
If you are already subscribed to Article Alerts, it is now easier to report bugs and request new features. We are also in the process of implementing a "news system", which would let projects know about ongoing discussions on a wikipedia-wide level, and other things of interest. The developers also note that some subscribing WikiProjects and Taskforces use the parameter, but forget to give a link to their alert page. Your alert page should be located at "Wikipedia:PROJECT-OR-TASKFORCE-HOMEPAGE/Article alerts". Questions and feedback should be left at Wikipedia talk:Article alerts.
Message sent by User:Addbot to all active wiki projects per request, Comments on the message and bot are welcome here.
Thanks. — Headbomb {{{sup|ταλκ}}κοντριβς – WP Physics} 09:42, 15 March, 2009 (UTC)
WP 1.0 bot announcement
This message is being sent to each WikiProject that participates in the WP 1.0 assessment system. On Saturday, January 23, 2010, the WP 1.0 bot will be upgraded. Your project does not need to take any action, but the appearance of your project's summary table will change. The upgrade will make many new, optional features available to all WikiProjects. Additional information is available at the WP 1.0 project homepage. — Carl (CBM · talk) 03:57, 22 January 2010 (UTC)
Women's History Month is in March
Hi everyone at WikiProject Spanish cinema!
Women's history month is around the corner, in March, and we're planning the second WikiWomen's History Month.
This event, which is organized by volunteers from the WikiWomen's Collaborative, supports improving coverage about women's history during the month of March. Events take place both offline and online. We are encouraging WikiProjects to focus on women's history related to their subject for the month of March. Ideas include:
* Improving coverage about Spanish women filmmakers, actors, directors, producers, and executives
* Developing content about women owned Spanish film businesses
We hope you'll participate! You can list your your project focus here, and also help improve our to-do list. Thank you for all you do for Wikipedia! -- SarahStierch (talk) 21:54, 19 January 2013 (UTC)
Wiki Loves Pride!
You are invited to participate in Wiki Loves Pride!
* What? Wiki Loves Pride, a campaign to document and photograph LGBT culture and history, including pride events
* When? June 2015
* How can you help?
* 1.) Create or improve LGBT-related articles and showcase the results of your work here
* 2.) Upload photographs or other media related to LGBT culture and history, including pride events, and add images to relevant Wikipedia articles; feel free to create a subpage with a gallery of your images (see examples from last year)
* 3.) Contribute to an LGBT-related task force at another Wikimedia project (Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, Wikivoyage, etc.)
Or, view or update the current list of Tasks. This campaign is supported by the Wikimedia LGBT+ User Group, an officially recognized affiliate of the Wikimedia Foundation. Visit the group's page at Meta-Wiki for more information, or follow Wikimedia LGBT+ on Facebook. Remember, Wiki Loves Pride is about creating and improving LGBT-related content at Wikimedia projects, and content should have a neutral point of view. One does not need to identify as LGBT or any other gender or sexual minority to participate. This campaign is about adding accurate, reliable information to Wikipedia, plain and simple, and all are welcome!
If you have any questions, please leave a message on the campaign's main talk page.
Thanks, and happy editing!
User:Another Believer and User:OR drohowa (timestamp may not be accurate) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Another Believer (talk • contribs) 15:13, 3 June 2015 (UTC)
Request for information on WP1.0 web tool
Hello and greetings from the maintainers of the WP 1.0 Bot! As you may or may not know, we are currently involved in an overhaul of the bot, in order to make it more modern and maintainable. As part of this process, we will be rewriting the web tool that is part of the project. You might have noticed this tool if you click through the links on the project assessment summary tables.
We'd like to collect information on how the current tool is used by....you! How do you yourself and the other maintainers of your project use the web tool? Which of its features do you need? How frequently do you use these features? And what features is the tool missing that would be useful to you? We have collected all of these questions at this Google form where you can leave your response. Walkerma (talk) 04:24, 27 October 2019 (UTC)
New improved article Aroused (film)
I researched and improved the page Aroused (film) - let me know if you want to help out with further research, thank you! Right cite (talk) 03:40, 2 November 2020 (UTC) | WIKI |
Handling incorrect document password exception
Signature class supports handling incorrect password passed to open protected documents over class IncorrectPasswordException.
Here are the steps to handle incorrect password exception when working with protected documents with GroupDocs.Signature:
Handling incorrect password exception
Following example demonstrates how to handle incorrect password exception.
// initialize LoadOptions with incorrect Password
LoadOptions loadOptions = new LoadOptions() { Password = "1" };
using (Signature signature = new Signature("ProtectedPwd.pdf", loadOptions))
{
try
{
QrCodeSignOptions options = new QrCodeSignOptions("JohnSmith")
{
EncodeType = QrCodeTypes.QR,
Left = 100,
Top = 100
};
// try to sign document to file, we expect for PasswordRequiredException
signature.Sign(outputFilePath, options);
Console.WriteLine("\nSource document signed successfully.\nFile saved at " + outputFilePath);
}
catch (IncorrectPasswordException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"HandlingIncorrectPasswordException: {ex.Message}");
}
catch (GroupDocsSignatureException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Common GroupDocsSignatureException: {ex.Message}");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Common Exception happens only at user code level: {ex.Message}");
}
finally
{
}
}
More resources
GitHub Examples
You may easily run the code above and see the feature in action in our GitHub examples:
Free Online App
Along with full-featured .NET library we provide simple, but powerful free Apps.
You are welcome to eSign PDF, Word, Excel, PowerPoint documents with free to use online GroupDocs Signature App. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Tales by Musæus, Tieck, Richter, Volume 1.djvu/212
dents had been observed to happen to him, the young man disappeared; and no one knew or guessed what was become of him. Since the times of the Trusty Eckart, there had always been a story current in the land about the Venus-Hill; and many said that he had wandered thither, and was lost forever.
One of those that most lamented him was his young friend Friedrich von Wolfsburg. They had grown up together, and their mutual attachment seemed to each of them to have become a necessary of life. Tannenhäuser’s old father died: Friedrich married some years afterwards; already was a ring of merry children round him, and still he heard no tidings of his youthful friend; so that, in the end, he was forced to conclude him dead.
He was standing one evening under the gate of his Castle, when he perceived afar off a pilgrim travelling towards the mansion. The wayfaring man was clad in a strange garb; and his gait and gestures the Knight thought extremely singular. On his approaching nearer, Wolfsburg thought that he knew him; and at last he became convinced that the stranger was no other than his long-lost friend, the Tannenhäuser. He felt amazed, and a secret horror took possession of him, as he recognised distinctly these much-altered features.
The two friends embraced; then started back next moment; and gazed astonished at each other as at unknown beings. Of questions, of perplexed replies, were many. Friedrich often shuddered at the wild look of his friend, which seemed to burn as with unearthly light. The Tannenhäuser had reposed himself a day or two, when Friedrich learned that he was on a pilgrimage to Rome.
The two friends by and by renewed their former intimacy; took up their old topics, and told stories to each other of their youth; but the Tannenhäuser always carefully concealed where he had been since then. Friedrich, however, pressed him to disclose it, now that they were once more on their ancient confidential footing: the other long endeavoured to ward off the friendly prayer; but at last he exclaimed: “Well, be it so; thy will be done! Thou shalt know all; but cast no reproaches on me after, should the story fill thee with inquietude and horror.” | WIKI |
China fans trade dispute with hefty deposit on U.S. sorghum imports
BEIJING/CHICAGO (Reuters) - China will slap hefty anti-dumping deposits on imports of U.S. sorghum from Wednesday, the government said on Tuesday, a higher-than-expected charge on the grain used in livestock feed and the spirits industry, as trade tensions escalate between the world’s top two economies. CHS Inc and other U.S. companies will have to put up a 178.6 percent deposit on the value of sorghum shipments to the country in what Beijing called a temporary measure, as the government continues to probe imports of the grain. Traders said the deposit was high enough to bring U.S. imports to a halt and inflate prices of alternatives, such as barley. Sorghum is used in livestock feed and the fiery Chinese liquor baijiu. “De facto, it stops all the trade,” said Mike O’Dea, a U.S. trader for broker INTL FCStone. The deposit on sorghum comes after Beijing had already threatened a tariff on the grain along with U.S. soybeans. China purchased $12 billion worth of U.S. soybeans last year, making it the most valuable U.S. agricultural export to China. The United States shipped 4.76 million tonnes of sorghum to China in 2017, worth around $1.1 billion and making up the bulk of China’s roughly 5 million tonnes of imports of the grain last year, according to Chinese customs data. Just last week, about 116,000 tonnes of U.S. sorghum was shipped from Texas, U.S. Department of Agriculture data showed on Monday. [GRA/CN] The U.S. Trade Representative’s office said in a statement it would “carefully review China’s measures on sorghum and take action as warranted, including through a World Trade Organization case if appropriate.” White House Deputy Press Secretary Lindsay Walters added that Trump “has made it clear that any further illegal trade actions by China are not acceptable, including the unfair targeting of U.S. sorghum producers.” Walters also acknowledged recent announcements by Beijing about easing ownership limits in some sectors, such as autos. “While we appreciate that China is recognizing longstanding U.S. concerns about discriminatory practices in the autos, ship, and aircraft sectors, we await actual implementation of any policy change,” she said. The National Sorghum Producers, which represents U.S. farmers, maintained that the crop is not being dumped in China. “Today’s decision in China reflects a broader trade fight in which U.S. sorghum farmers are the victim, not the cause,” the group said. China’s move comes out of an anti-dumping investigation launched two months ago in retaliation for aggressive trade actions by Washington, including steep tariffs on solar panels and washing machines. Beijing said it found the domestic industry was “substantially damaged” by U.S. sorghum imports being dumped into the country. It said it will issue a final ruling at a later date, but did not give a timeline. Other companies likely to be affected by the deposits are Archer Daniels Midland, a top seller of U.S. sorghum into China, Cargill [CARG.UL] and Louis Dreyfus [LOUDR.UL]. ADM spokeswoman Jackie Anderson said the company is analyzing how this will impact ADM and what actions the company will take, both from a business and legal perspective. “We are very disappointed with this decision,” Anderson said. “We do not believe that exporter-specific cost and price calculations were adequately considered, or that the proposed remedies are warranted.” Cargill could not be reached for comment. CHS and Dreyfus declined to comment. Prices of soymeal and rapeseed meal used in animal feed jumped on the sorghum deposit news as traders worried China had penalties in store for other U.S. agricultural products. (For a graphic on 'China soymeal, rapemeal futures surge on sorghum import deposit news' click reut.rs/2EQVAUL) Curbing imports of grains is considered one of the most powerful weapons Beijing can use in the trade row. Midwestern U.S. farmers are a core of Trump’s political base, and a surplus on the global grain market has growers worldwide struggling to find profitable markets. U.S. farm income has dropped by more than half since 2013, as years of massive harvests have depressed prices for staple crops. China’s deposit would devastate Kansas, the top U.S. sorghum-producing state which supported Trump in the presidential election, Governor Jeff Colyer said in a statement. “Instead of targeting fairly traded U.S. exports, China should immediately stop its unfair trading practices,” he said. Trade experts and farmers said Beijing’s decision to limit imports of feed ingredients could boost costs for China’s own vast livestock sector and might also inflate retail pork prices in the world’s top consumer of the meat. The scale of China’s deposit devastated traders who had rushed to increase imports prior to the ruling. A trader with an international firm estimated more than 2 million tonnes of sorghum were on the water heading for China. A source at another international trading house said the sector had expected a lower deposit, close to 35 percent. Imports are usually high in April and May, and cargos en route are likely to get diverted to other points in Asia, traders said. Japan could buy some sorghum that had been destined for China, said Ken Morrison, a U.S. trader who worked for Cargill and now publishes a commodity newsletter. Sales of sorghum to China that have not yet been shipped will likely be canceled, he said. (For a graphic on 'U.S. agricultural exports to China' click reut.rs/2G3zlfu) Additional reporting by Josephine Mason and Hallie Gu in Beijing; Michael Hirtzer, Karen Pierog and P.J. Huffstutter in Chicago; David Lawder in Washington and Gus Trompiz in Paris. Editing by Tom Hogue, David Gregorio and Tom Brown | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
User:Mudlock
I'm an Electrical and Computer Engineering student at Carnegie-Mellon University, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
So far, I've done a lot of writing under topics connected to electronics, computers, and of course electrical engineering and computer engineering. And also, a little mythology and logic on the side.
Carnegie-Mellon University: http://www.cmu.edu CMU Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering http://www.ece.cmu.edu
Long Time, No see
Wow, 11 and a half years since I edited this. But I'm helping with an editathon, so I should put some new stuff here.
Things I like:
* Chinchillas
* Voting systems
* Random Articles | WIKI |
字幕表 動画を再生する 英語字幕をプリント Hi this is Tutor Nick P and this is Adverb Phrase 25 . The adverb phrase today is born yesterday. Okay. Let's take a look at the note here. If someone says that another person must think or acts like he or she was born yesterday, he or she is saying that the other person that other person who's saying it , must think he or she is gullible, easy to fool or easy to trick.. Gullible is also a person that that believes almost anything. Easy to fool, naïve, not smart, etc. Okay. Good. Let's continue. The idea of this phrase alludes to a newborn that is only one day old and is of course naïve. If the baby's just born of course they know almost nothing. They don't hardly know anything at all. They just know that they feel discomfort and they usually can just cry. And that's about all they do know. They're, they're an open book. That's the way we sometimes say it. So and could not possibly be aware if someone was trying to trick or deceive them. So that's the way we use it you they say like they must think I am like that. Like that baby, that is only one day old. Okay. Let's continue. We have got four examples to cover all this. So this is just the way you may hear it used. Number one. I cannot believe he expects me to accept that excuse. He must think I was born yesterday, yesterday. So that excuse is just too ridiculous or too stupid. He must think I was born yesterday. That I would accept such a stupid excuse. Something like that. Number two. Of course, I know that. Don't treat me like an idiot. Yeah. You often hear people say something like this. I wasn't born yesterday. So if somebody was treating someone like they were a fool or an idiot they might say this in this way. ?All right. Number three here. Do they really expect us to think those reasons are acceptable? They act like we were born yesterday. That we can't figure this out. That we can't see through this. Okay, and the last one. Number four here. Don't talk down to me. You know, like you were either somebody younger or older or you know not as smart. Like I am a child. Don't treat me like I was born yesterday. Okay. So this is exactly how you hear it used. Okay. Anyway, I hope you got it. I hope it's clear.Thank you for your time. Bye-bye. | FINEWEB-EDU |
2013 East–West Shrine Game
The 2013 East–West Shrine Game was the 88th staging of the all-star college football exhibition game featuring NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision players and a few select invitees from Canadian university football. The game featured over 100 players from the 2012 college football season, and prospects for the 2013 Draft of the professional National Football League (NFL). In the week prior to the game, scouts from all 32 NFL teams attended. The proceeds from the East–West Shrine Game benefit Shriners Hospitals for Children. Jerry Glanville and Leeman Bennett were named coaches on December 5, 2012. The game was played on January 19, 2013, at Tropicana Field in St. Petersburg, Florida; the West defeated the East, 28–13.
Statistics
Source:
2013 NFL Draft
Of the players that participated in the 2013 East–West Shrine Game, 35 were drafted during the 2013 NFL Draft. The highest player drafted that played in the game was Christine Michael who was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the second round (62nd overall). | WIKI |
Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)
Differential effects of high and low strength magnetic fields on mouse embryonic development and vasculogenesis of embryonic stem cells. med./bio.
Published in: Reprod Toxicol 2016; 65: 46-58
Aim of study (acc. to author)
The effects of prenatal exposure of mice to a static or 50 Hz magnetic field on the embryonic development should be investigated.
Background/further details
The study comprised an in vivo and an in vitro part. For the in vivo part, pregnant mice were divided into the following groups (n=10 for each method and time of investigation, total number unclear): exposure to a 1) 1 mT 50 Hz magnetic field, 2) 1 mT static magnetic field, 3) 10 mT 50 Hz magnetic field, 4) 10 mT static magnetic field and 5) sham exposure. Embryos were collected and examined after 5, 8, 12 and 20 days of exposure.
In addition, 50 non-pregnant mice were exposed to the same fields (n=10 each) but no detailed results were shown.
For the in vitro part, embryoid bodies, aggregations of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells, were used as models for embryonic development and were exposed to the same fields: 6) 1 mT 50 Hz magnetic field, 7) 1 mT static magnetic field, 8) 10 mT 50 Hz magnetic field, 9) 10 mT static magnetic field and 10) sham exposure.
In the in vitro tests, cells were also treated with p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK-1/2 inhibitors and free radical scavengers to examine the signal pathways.
Endpoint
Exposure
Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Exposure 2:
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Exposure 3: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Exposure 4:
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Exposure 5: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Exposure 6:
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Exposure 7: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Exposure 8:
Exposure duration: 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Exposure 1
Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Additional info in vivo
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber high enough cages made of dielectric, transparent plastic
Setup ten mice were placed in 2 cages (5 mice per cage) in homogeneous field; coils were wound on tubes from polyvinylchloride (PVC), which shielded against emission of electric fields; temperature changes in exposure chamber was 1°C ± 0.5°C
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 1 mT - measured - -
Exposure 2
Main characteristics
Frequency
Type
Exposure duration 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Additional info in vivo
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 1 mT - measured - -
Exposure 3
Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Additional info in vivo
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 10 mT - measured - -
Exposure 4
Main characteristics
Frequency
Type
Exposure duration 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation
Additional info in vivo
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 10 mT - measured - -
Exposure 5
Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Additional info in vitro
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Setup differences from exposure 1: embryoid bodies in petri dishes; 5% CO2, 37°C
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 1 mT - measured - -
Exposure 6
Main characteristics
Frequency
Type
Exposure duration 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Additional info in vitro
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 1 mT - measured - -
Exposure 7
Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Additional info in vitro
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 10 mT - measured - -
Exposure 8
Main characteristics
Frequency
Type
Exposure duration 8 hours/day from 2 to 8 during differentiation
Additional info in vitro
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 10 mT - measured - -
Reference articles
• Bekhite MM et al. (2010): Static electromagnetic fields induce vasculogenesis and chondro-osteogenesis of mouse embryonic stem cells by reactive oxygen species-mediated up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor.
Exposed system:
Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology
Investigated system:
Investigated organ system:
Time of investigation:
• during exposure
• after exposure
Main outcome of study (acc. to author)
In the 10 mT static and 50 Hz magnetic field groups (groups 3 and 4), a significantly increased number of resorbed and dead fetuses, pronounced histological alterations, reduced blood vessel formation and a significantly reduced VEGF protein expression in all organs compared to the sham exposure group were found. Additionally, a significantly reduced crown-rump length and body weight of fetuses were found in group 4 compared to the sham exposure group after 20 days. This was not observed in 1 mT magnetic fields (groups 1 and 2) but instead, VEGF expression in the ovary was significantly increased compared to the sham exposure group.
In embryoid bodies, exposure to 10 mT static or 50 Hz fields (groups 8 and 9) significantly increased reactive oxygen species (6-fold increase) and apoptosis, while significantly decreasing the blood vessel formation and VEGF expression compared to the sham exposure group.
In groups 6 and 7 (exposure of embryoid bodies to 1 mT static or 50 Hz fields), reactive oxygen species were also significantly increased compared to the sham exposure group but only a 2-fold increase was measured, and the expression of VEGF was significantly increased.
Treatment with inhibitors showed that reactive oxygen species were involved in the magnetic field-induced signal transduction, which led to activation of VEGF.
The authors conclude that prenatal exposure of mice to high (10 mT) static or 50 Hz magnetic field might have adverse effects on the embryonic development. VEGF is possibly an important mediator in these effects.
Study character:
Study funded by
Related articles | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
SEAT Ronda
The SEAT Ronda (codenamed 022A) is a small family car produced by the Spanish automaker SEAT from 1982 to 1986, and styled by Rayton Fissore in collaboration with the Technical Centre in Martorell. The Ronda was also briefly sold in the United Kingdom as the SEAT Málaga hatchback. 177,869 Rondas were built in total. The Ronda was the first SEAT model named after a Spanish city.
Design
The SEAT Ronda was a restyled SEAT Ritmo which in its turn derived from the Fiat Ritmo. However, in 1983 the Arbitration Chamber of Paris (subsequent to the acrimonious split between FIAT and SEAT) judged that the differences between those cars were important enough so as not to consider the Ronda to be a rebadged Ritmo. The most visible external design differences between a Ritmo and a Ronda are rectangular headlights on the Ronda in place of the round ones featured on the Ritmo, different tail lights and panels, and changed door handles. Mechanically, there were also some minor differences, mostly due to the use of Spanish-built engines and other parts.
The interior was more commodious than that of the original Ritmo, with a different dashboard with a more complete instrumentation. The seats were deeper and more comfortable, while the door panels were improved and the sound dampening was increased. The Spanish-made transmission was only available in a five-speed manual.
The Ronda featured a boot capacity of 370 litres which could be increased to 1250 litres by folding rear seats. It was introduced with locally built engines from the 124 series or a larger twin cam 1.6, as well as a 1.7-litre diesel unit. Later, a version of Fiat's two-litre engine with a Porsche-developed head (System Porsche) was also installed in the rare Ronda Crono 2000 2.0 model. Only 800 of these were built. After an Autumn-1984 facelift, the Ronda received the "System Porsche" petrol engines which were developed for the Ibiza. The car was now called the Ronda P and carried a stylized "P" on the rear side.
Exports of this, SEAT's first car developed after the split with Fiat, began in April 1983 when the first Rondas were delivered to the Netherlands. In November, sales begun in Italy, the car's second export market.
Powertrain
The engines were:
Ronda (Petrol, 1982-1984)
* 1.2 1197 cc 64 PS 92 Nm
* 1.4 1438 cc 75 PS 113 Nm
* 1.6 1592 cc 95 PS 124 Nm
* 2.0 1995 cc 120 PS 175 Nm
Ronda P (Petrol, 1984–1986)
* 1.2 1193 cc 63 PS 88 Nm
* 1.5 1461 cc 86 PS 116 Nm
Diesel (1982–1986)
* 1.7 D 1714 cc 55 PS 98 Nm
The dispute with Fiat
1982 saw the end of almost 30 years of co-operation between SEAT and the automaker Fiat. In order to conform with the end of partnership agreement signed by the two automakers, SEAT had to quickly restyle its entire model range to be able to offer its models on sale, distinguishing its cars from those of the Italian firm. This was marked by a change in SEAT's brand logo and the first car launched without Fiat involvement, the SEAT Ronda, appeared that same year.
The launch of that model though sparked a lawsuit from Fiat against SEAT, as the former claimed the car was still too similar to a car in Fiat's own range, the Fiat Ritmo. In defence of SEAT, the then president of the company, Juan Miguel Antoñanzas, showed a Ronda to the press with all the alterations from the Fiat Ritmo painted bright yellow, to highlight the differences. An El País journalist who covered the trial claimed that the result was spectacular.
The case was eventually taken to the ICC International Court of Arbitration in Paris which in 1983 declared that differences between the cars were sufficiently substantial for the Ronda not to be judged as a rebadged Ritmo, ending the dispute in favour of SEAT. This also meant that SEAT was free to export the Ronda (and soon afterwards also the Fura), although the car never sold particularly well outside of Spain. Rumour at the time had it that Fiat was angry because the Ronda restyling was in fact too close to their own planned restyling for the Fiat Ritmo, which they had to scrap. Dutch car magazine Autovisie comparison tested the Ronda and the Ritmo in May 1983; the Ritmo was marginally quicker and lighter, and more modern overall, but the Ronda countered with a five to six per cent lower price. | WIKI |
Vitamin D: Maximum Dosage
by Chad Stone
About Chad Stone
Chad Stone is a medical scientist based in the Pacific Northwest. Since 2003, Dr. Stone has has published high-profile articles on the molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular disease and cancer in journals such as Blood and the Journal of the American Heart Association. Dr. Stone is a specialist in blood biology as well as cancers of breast, colon, kidney and other tissues.
X
Vitamin D plays an important role in bone and immune health, but many people fail to get sufficient amount of this essential vitamin from their diet or from exposure to sunlight. To ensure that your vitamin D levels stay in a healthy range, you may consider taking a vitamin D supplement. However, supplements taken in large doses can cause side effects, so you should only take them under the supervision of a doctor.
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D plays an essential part in how your body absorbs calcium. If you are vitamin D deficient, you may develop problems with your bones. Vitamin D deficiencies are also linked to chronic health conditions such as cancer as well as hypertension, the National Institutes of Health explain. Vitamin D deficiencies are diagnosed through a simple blood test that measures the amount of vitamin D in your blood. If you are found to be vitamin D deficient, your doctor may recommend that you take a vitamin D supplement to achieve normal blood levels of vitamin D.
Normal Intake Recommendations
Depending on age, the Food and Drug Administration recommends taking between 600 and 800 international units, or IU, of vitamin D per day. According to the National Institutes of Health, men and women under the age of 70 should take 600 IU of vitamin D from dietary or supplement sources daily. Adults older than 70 should get 800 IU of vitamin D daily. During summer months, most people make adequate vitamin D in their skin as a result of sun exposure. In the absence of sunlight, vitamin D can be found in food sources such as fish and fortified milk or from specific vitamin D supplements.
Maximum Daily Doses
To avoid the possibility of vitamin D toxicity, adults should not take more than 4,000 IU of vitamin D each day, according to the National Institutes of Health. While the maximum recommended dose for vitamin D is 4,000 IU per day, most people won't overdose on vitamin D even at dosage levels 5,000 IU or even 10,000 IU daily, according to a report published in the "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition". You likely need to take 50,000 IU daily to develop symptoms of an overdose, notes the Linus Pauling Institute. If you're diagnosed with a vitamin D deficiency, ask your doctor which vitamin D supplement can best restore your vitamin D levels. Don't try to treat the deficiency yourself with supplements.
High Single Dose
In rare circumstances of severe vitamin D deficiency, a doctor may recommend that you or your child take a very high dose of vitamin D. In these cases, you will likely be prescribed a prescription strength vitamin D supplement. For example, people with rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency may be told to take a one-time dose of 600,000 IU of vitamin D.
Photo Credits:
• vitamin e image by Margaret M Stewart from Fotolia.com
This article reflects the views of the writer and does not necessarily reflect the views of Jillian Michaels or JillianMichaels.com. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Phillippe de Oliveira
Untitled
I've added an interwiki to the Tamil article about him. Since he wasn't Tamil himself, I don't think we need his name in Tamil script in the article itself. Of course, if someone disagrees, it's now a simple matter of cutting and pasting the interwiki link! -- Arvind (talk) 11:39, 13 June 2008 (UTC) | WIKI |
2003-10-27 Keith Packard * configure.in: * fontconfig/fontconfig.h: Update to version 2.2.92 2003-10-27 Keith Packard * Makefile.am: * configure.in: * doc/Makefile.am: * fc-cache/Makefile.am: * fc-glyphname/Makefile.am: * fc-lang/Makefile.am: * fc-list/Makefile.am: * fc-match/Makefile.am: * test/Makefile.am: * test/run-test.sh: Yet more cleanups to finish getting 'make distcheck' working This has been tested to ensure that it even works from a _build directory. 2003-10-26 Keith Packard * configure.in: * doc/Makefile.am: * fc-cache/Makefile.am: * fc-glyphname/Makefile.am: * fc-lang/Makefile.am: * fc-lang/fc-lang.c: (scanopen), (scan), (main): * fc-list/Makefile.am: * fc-match/Makefile.am: Attempts to fix 'make distcheck' work. Things are progressing pretty well, but there are still failures long into the process dealing with docs (as always). The big changes here are mostly to make $(srcdir) != "." work correctly, fixing the docbook related sections and fc-lang were particularily tricky. Docbook refuses to load system entities from anywhere other than where the original .sgml file was located, so no luck looking in "." for the configure-generated version.sgml and confdir.sgml files. fc-lang needed help finding .orth files; added a -d option to set the directory as the least evil of many options. Now to go use a faster machine and try and wring out the last issues. 2003-10-26 Keith Packard Tag version 2.2.91 2003-10-26 Keith Packard * doc/Makefile.am: Include confdir.sgml.in in EXTRA_DIST 2003-10-09 Josselin Mouette * fc-cache/fc-cache.sgml fc-cache/Makefile.am: * fc-list/fc-list.sgml fc-list/Makefile.am: Replace fc-cache and fc-list manpages with more detailed, SGML versions. 2003-09-23 Owen Taylor * fontconfig/fontconfig.h src/fcdefault.c (FcDefaultSubstitute) src/fcname.c: Add a FC_HINT_STYLE key for patterns, with possible values HINT_NONE/HINT_SLIGHT/HINT_MEDIUM/HINT_FULL. (Bug #117) 2003-09-23 Owen Taylor * fc-lang/ka.orth: Remove Georgian capitals, they aren't used for normal writing. (Bug #116) 2003-09-06 Noah Levitt * doc/fontconfig-devel.sgml: * doc/fontconfig-user.sgml: * fontconfig/fontconfig.h: * src/fcname.c: * src/fcfreetype.c (FcFreeTypeCharSetAndSpacing): Add new spacing value FC_DUAL (dual-width, as some CJK fonts). (bug #111) * src/fcfreetype.c (FcFreeTypeCharSetAndSpacing): When checking for monospace and dual-width fonts, allow roughly a 3% variance in the advances. 2003-08-31 Manish Singh * src/fccfg.c (FcConfigAppFontClear): Support passing NULL to use default config. 2003-08-15 Carl Worth * src/fcxml.c (FcEditDestroy): Fix leak of FcEdit. (FcPopExpr): Add comment about unhandled FcVStackGlob case. * src/fcpat.c (FcValueListEntDestroy): New function to support FcFini memory cleanup. Some statistics are not kept in synch. here. (FcValueListFreeze): Move hashTable outside this function so it can be accessed by FcValueListThawAll. (FcValueListThawAll): New function complements FcValueListFreeze. (FcPatternBaseFreeze): Move hashTable outside this function so it can be accessed by FcPatternBaseThawAll. (FcPatternBaseThawAll): New function complements FcPatternBaseFreeze. (FcPatternThawAll): New function complements FcPatternFreeze. * src/fcinit.c (FcFini): Add new FcFini to cleanup everything. * src/fccharset.c (FcCharLeafEntCreate): Save pointers to all allocated FcCharLeafEnt "blocks" so they can be freed later. (FcCharSetFreezeLeaf): Move hashTable outside this function so it can be accessed by FcCharSetThawAllLeaf. (FcCharSetThawAllLeaf): New function complements FcCharSetFreezeLeaf. (FcCharSetFreezeBase): Move hashTable outside this function so it can be accessed by FcCharSetThawAll. (FcCharSetThawAll): New function complements FcCharSetFreeze. * src/fccfg.c (FcSubstDestroy): Fix leak of outer FcSubst. (FcConfigDestroy): Fic leak of FcBlanks. * fc-list/fc-list.c (main): Fix leak of FcObjectSet. (main): Add call to FcFini when finished. * fc-glyphname/fc-glyphname.c: Mark several local functions as static. Add prototypes. * doc/fcinit.fncs: Add documentation for FcFini function. * doc/edit-sgml.c: Mark several local functions as static. Add prototypes. * doc/Makefile.am (DOC_MODULE): Fix "suspicious" lines. 2003-06-15 Tor Lillqvist * test/run-test.sh (FONTCONFIG_FILE): Remove CRs from the out file before comparing (needed on Windows). * src/Makefile.am (install-libtool-import-lib): Fix cut&paste error. 2003-06-13 Tor Lillqvist * fontconfig-zip.in (DEVZIP): Add share/doc directory. Add Fc*.3 man pages. * configure.in: Set FC_DEFAULT_FONTS on Win32 to the WINDOWSFONTDIR token. * src/fontconfig.def.in: Move the LIBRARY and VERSION lines to the end, not to confuse libtool, which expects the EXPORTS line to be the first. Add FcConfigEnableHome. * src/fccfg.c: Check also for DLL_EXPORT as indication of being built as a DLL on Win32. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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Article: Reduction of liver fructokinase expression and improved hepatic inflammation and metabolism in liquid fructose-fed rats after atorvastatin treatment.
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ABSTRACT: Consumption of beverages that contain fructose favors the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome alterations in humans, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although the only effective treatment for NAFLD is caloric restriction and weight loss, existing data show that atorvastatin, a hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor, can be used safely in patients with NAFLD and improves hepatic histology. To gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms of atorvastatin's therapeutic effect on NAFLD, we used an experimental model that mimics human consumption of fructose-sweetened beverages. Control, fructose (10% w/v solution) and fructose+atorvastatin (30 mg/kg/day) Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed after 14 days. Plasma and liver tissue samples were obtained to determine plasma analytes, liver histology, and the expression of liver proteins that are related to fatty acid synthesis and catabolism, and inflammatory processes. Fructose supplementation induced hypertriglyceridemia and hyperleptinemia, hepatic steatosis and necroinflammation, increased the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and decreased fatty acid β-oxidation activity. Atorvastatin treatment completely abolished histological signs of necroinflammation, reducing the hepatic expression of metallothionein-1 and nuclear factor kappa B binding. Furthermore, atorvastatin reduced plasma (x 0.74) and liver triglyceride (x 0.62) concentrations, decreased the liver expression of carbohydrate response element binding protein transcription factor (x 0.45) and its target genes, and increased the hepatic activity of the fatty acid β-oxidation system (x 1.15). These effects may be related to the fact that atorvastatin decreased the expression of fructokinase (x 0.6) in livers of fructose-supplemented rats, reducing the metabolic burden on the liver that is imposed by continuous fructose ingestion.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 02/2011; 251(1):32-40. · 4.45 Impact Factor | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Battle of Lewes
May 14, 1264
Lewes, East Sussex
Rebellious barons under Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester vs. royal troops under Henry III
Montfort and his faction were fed up with years of poor government and profligate spending by the king. They fiercely objected to Henry's reliance on foreign advisors and friends, and his refusal to abide by the Magna Carta.
Montfort was one of those rare men who seems to have been motivated, not by greed or personal ambition, but by a genuine desire to make a better society.
In 1258 the barons forced Henry to sign The Provisions of Oxford, which established the principles of government by council rather than by royal whim alone. The king repudiated the Provisions in 1261, and civil war was almost inevitable.
Montfort drew up his men in a commanding position on Offham Hill. The battle began badly for the rebels. The royal cavalry under Prince Edward routed the Londoners on Montforts left flank, but the inexperienced Edward allowed his men to pursue the Londoners far from the field, thus throwing away any chance of turning the initial gain into victory.
In fact, Edward and his men chased their foe for so long that they did not return to the battlefield until the fight was over.
Without Edward's cavalry on the scene, Montfort now held a superiority in numbers, and his small cavalry was virtually unopposed. He swept down upon Henry's men and after only a brief engagement, completely routed the royal army. Many died while trying to escape across the River Ouse, and by the time Prince Edward returned to the field Montfort had taken Henry prisoner and occupied the town of Lewes.
For a time, at least, England was in the capable hands of the man probably most qualified to give it good leadership. During his all too brief tenure at the helm of government, Simon de Montfort initiated many reforms and can be credited with beginning the process of Parliamentary representative government.
However, the Barons' War, as the conflict became known, was not over. Prince Edward escaped from his captivity and raised the royal standard again. He had learned from his youthful mistakes at Lewes, and he routed and killed Montfort at The Battle of Evesham in 1265.
The Baron's War
More British Battles | FINEWEB-EDU |
How to summarize a list in Inflex
Open up Inflex.
1. Hit the List button.
2. Hit the + button to add a row.
3. Hit the yellow box to put in a number.
4. Type in 123 and hit Enter.
5. Repeat adding a couple more rows of numbers: 456, 789.
6. Click the (unnamed) bit of the box and type in list and hit Enter, so we’re naming the cell “list”.
Now we use it:
1. Hit the Formula button to make another cell.
2. In the new cell’s white box, type li and when the word list appears, press Enter (or on your tablet, tap it).
3. Then type the period key: .
4. Now type su and you’ll see sum appear. Hit Enter again.
5. Finally, write () which, like in Excel, means “use this function”.
6. On your screen you should see list.sum().
7. Hit enter.
8. You should see #ok 1146.
9. There’s a little triangle at the top-left of the cell, click that to change the formula again.
10. Hit backspace until you have list. and type max and hit Enter when you see maximum and then type () and hit Enter.
11. Repeat the same process with average, minimum and length.
Now you know how to summarize a list in Inflex. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Regulated expression of human globin genes and flanking DNA in mouse erythroleukemia--human cell hybrids.
P. J. Zavodny, R. S. Roginski, A. I. Skoultchi
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
5 Scopus citations
Abstract
The expression of human globin genes and intergenic DNA is being investigated in MEL-human hybrids containing intact human chromosomes derived from nonerythroid cells. The studies indicate that a factor(s) present in MEL cells can cause activation of both beta- and gamma-globin genes that can be further stimulated by treatment with DMSO, an inducer of MEL cell differentiation. MEL-lymphoblast and MEL-fibroblast hybrids express an adult-like program in which much larger amounts of beta-globin mRNA than gamma-globin mRNA are produced; human beta-globin is at least as efficient as mouse beta-globin gene expression. The expression of both beta- and gamma-globin genes appears to be normal, as their mRNAs were found in polyribosomes and human beta-globin chains were readily detected. These results suggest that the MEL cells may be exploited as recipients of human globin genes for studies of molecular mechanisms controlling their expression. Comparison of intergenic DNA transcription patterns in hybrids and other cells not expressing human beta-globin has led to the identification of two regions flanking the delta-beta-globin locus whose transcription is correlated with beta-globin. One region 3' to the beta gene may define the site where its transcription terminates. Transcription of the other region, which is 5' to the delta gene, may be involved in some unknown way in hemoglobin switching.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)53-62
Number of pages10
JournalProgress in clinical and biological research
Volume134
StatePublished - 1983
Externally publishedYes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Medicine(all)
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Regulated expression of human globin genes and flanking DNA in mouse erythroleukemia--human cell hybrids.'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Hangiyo/sandbox
Biographie
Yohan Giaume (born August 31, 1969 in Grenoble, France) is a French composer, trumpetist, Producer and musicologist.
Yohan Giaume is the founder and leader of the project Whisper of a Shadow - Musical Conversations With Louis Moreau Gottschalk.
After studying trumpet, composition, orchestration, and jazz studies at the French Conservatories of Lyon, Chambéry and Grenoble as well as Ethnomusicology at the University of Sorbonne in Paris, Giaume has studied, lived and worked for various periods in Cuba, Argentina, Uruguay, Peru, Morocco and Louisiana.
Collaborative efforts have included work with artists including the Banda Municipale de Santiago de Cuba, Benito Suarez (Buena Vista Social Club), Kocani Orkestar, Juan Carlos Caceres, Felix Casaverde (Susanna Baca), Manu Dibango, Christian Vieussens, Marrakech Music Collective, New Orleans-based clarinetist Evan Christopher and the Minnesota Orchestra.
He is recipient of “Hors les Murs” Award (2012) from the Institut Français and the French American Jazz Exchange Award (2016). | WIKI |
Tom Keene (radio host)
Thomas Ross Keene (born December 9, 1952) is an American journalist and Chartered Financial Analyst. He is a host of Bloomberg Surveillance on Bloomberg Radio, Bloomberg Television and Bloomberg Podcasts.
Background
Keene was raised in Rochester, New York. He graduated from the Rochester Institute of Technology and was also enrolled in the external program at The London School of Economics and Political Science. In 1992 he released a New England folk album called Searching for Ward and June. Keene is a Chartered Financial Analyst and member of the CFA Institute, the National Association of Business Economics, and the Economic Club of New York. Keene began his career gaining a "humiliating investment experience in the options market", of which Keene has said, "you learn so much enjoying losing money, learning way more on the downside than on the upside". Keene is the author of Flying on One Engine: The Bloomberg Book of Master Market Economists.
Bloomberg career
When his investment business slowed down after September 11, 2001, Keene contacted David Tamburelli at Bloomberg LP which led to him being interviewed by Matt Winkler, editor-in-chief of Bloomberg News, who hired him on the spot. Tom Keene started developing the idea of doing a one-hour radio show on the economy: Bloomberg on the Economy.
During his time at Bloomberg LP, Keene also helped to create Bloomberg Surveillance, a radio broadcast in which he and his co-hosts (formerly Ken Prewitt, Michael McKee, Sara Eisen, David Gura, now Jonathan Ferro) conduct interviews and provide analysis of current financial news and economic trends. The broadcast is heard in New York City on WBBR 1130, Boston WXKS 106.1FM/1330AM, San Francisco KNEW 960, Washington WDCH-FM 99.1 and across North America on Sirius XM Radio satellite channel 119.
Towards the end of the 2000s, an ad-free audio version of Bloomberg Surveillance, the morning radio show hosted by Tom Keene and Ken Prewitt, became the first truly popular podcast on Bloomberg.com, making audio files available for download that thus were no longer exclusive to the Bloomberg Professional services. At the time Bloomberg Surveillance, was still followed by its 1-hour radio and podcast extension called 'Bloomberg on the Economy ' in which Keene continued to conduct one-on-one in-depth interviews with distinguished guests from finance and academics. Bloomberg LP used these very successful radio programs to conduct media trials with the new podcast format.
As Keene's radio programs became ever more popular during the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis and in the run-up to the much propagated 2010 Obama Tax Cuts, Keene's radio program increasingly 'broke in' into Bloomberg's TV broadcasts. As the years passed the radio studio increasingly looked like a TV-studio, before finally, the TV-studio looked like a radio studio (which is still a feature of Tom Keene's TV- and radio simulcasts). After the passing of his mentor Ken Prewitt, Tom Keene paid an on-air tribute, praising Prewitt for all the help he'd been giving at the beginning of Keene's career at Bloomberg Media.
In 2010, Keene began anchoring the television program Surveillance Midday, covering daily business news from Wall Street and since June 2012, the television program Bloomberg Surveillance with Francine Lacqua and Jonathan Ferro, weekday mornings on Bloomberg Television.
Keene is famous for wearing Hermès bowties, which became his signature.
Keene wrote a weekly interview column and blog, EconoChat, for Bloomberg Businessweek and the Chart of the Day article, available through the Bloomberg Professional services. | WIKI |
Ben Ben - 5 months ago 28
ASP.NET (C#) Question
asp:Gridview & asp:Table generated border="0" property in > .NET4.0
I understand this is an issue that has been fixed in .NET 4.0+ however, upgrading our framework is not an option as of yet. SOON, but not yet. For the time being I am using .NET 3.5.
As I've seen in many other posts that this is a very common issue. Nobody really seems to say why it is an issue, which is why it seems like many answers don't seem to grasp the actual problem.
When using asp:Table control or asp:GridView control, the generated mark-up looks as such:
<asp:Table id="table1" border="0" runat="server"></asp:Table>
Gridview is much the same but includes a 'rules' attribute that can be ommitted by setting the Gridlines property to "none". However, while setting gridlines to none takes care of the rules attribute, the border="0" always remains.
Now the problem: in order to Validate this code using W3 validator, the border property MUST be set to border="" OR border="1". This seems like a very simple fix, further investigation proves quite the contrary.
I've tried to change the value to something the validator will accept:
ie:
table1.Attributes.Add("border", "1"); // This generates <asp:Table id="table1" border="0" border="1" runat="server"></asp:Table>
table1.Attributes.Add("border", null); // This generates <asp:Table id="table1" border="0" border="" runat="server"></asp:Table>
table1.Attributes["border"] = "1"; // This generates <asp:Table id="table1" border="0" border="1" runat="server"></asp:Table>
table1.Attributes["border"] = ""; // This generates <asp:Table id="table1" border="0" border="" runat="server"></asp:Table>
table1.Attributes.Remove("border"); // This generates <asp:Table id="table1" border="0" runat="server"></asp:Table>
None of these have reached the desired result. asp:Table always generates border="0" and I can't seem to modify the value.
Does anyone have any other ideas, and again, upgrading the framework is not an option for the time being. We will be upgrading at some point in the relatively near future - but not before this version goes to production.
Many Thanks
Answer
I've looked into this issue for quite a while and nothing I read on the Internet could fix this issue and even the Framework 4.0 recommended ideas weren't working since my application was already targetting the Framework 4.0 and still, couldn't remove that "Border=0" from the GridView control. What I've found out though is that my Web.Config, though was targetting the Framework 4.0 also had controlRenderingCompatibilityVersion set to "3.5" on the Pages tag. By removing this setting, it automatically got rid of the "Border" attribute from the GridView control. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:43 Group
Morris Beckman's WW2 service
It says here he served on a Flower class corvette, but the Morris Beckman article says he served in the merchant navy. Neither seems to provide sources. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:58, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
Questions and justifications for edits
Question: was Moseley was forced to go into exile in France? If so that should be put back in article.
* "Forced in exile" is POV language and was not the case. 'Exile' has a specific meaning (a legal obligation to leave a country), whereas Mosley left of his own free will and was not barred from returning. It's fair to say that his lack of post-war political sucess may well have been a significant factor in his retirement from politics and decision to move abroad, but it certainly isn't NPOV to say he was 'forced into exile' by his opponents! 80.255 22:36, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)
Comment: Mosley was an 18b detainee, a 5th columnist and Nazi collaborator. Historygypsy (talk) 04:21, 5 February 2008 (UTC)
* The suggestion of the sentance was that the activities of the 43 Group made it imposible for him to continue to live in UK. (E.G. He felt he was at risk). I am not sure if this is true it seems unlikly to me.--JK the unwise 11:01, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)
Changed: "opposition from the Jewish community" to "opposition from moderate members of the Jewish community" as some members of Jewish community supported the group. (for example those that were members of it).
* It was a small group. I don't think it's acceptable to give the impression that a considerable proprtion of the Jewish community were members or supporters of it (and only the 'moderates' didn't), unless some evidence can be provided of this. As it was a largely jewish group, of course the jews who were members supported it; it seems rather redundant to say so. 80.255 22:36, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* The point still stands that opposition from the jewish community suggests opposition form whole community. The current statment is neutral with regards to the size of the opposition/support from within Jewish community. I expect that it was higher then you might imagine. Groups always have higher passive support then their active membership. And WW2, a massive use of violence against facism, had just taken place! Still we don't as yet have any source that could tell us the level of support for sure. As it stands the sentence is as neural as it can be on that question.--JK the unwise 11:01, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)
COMMENT: There were well over 500 members, men and women, and not all Jewish Historygypsy (talk) 04:00, 5 February 2008 (UTC)
Removed: "Once again in 1965 the 62 Group ceased operations and the group was finally smashed by the Special Branch when a number of their senior officers were arrested after attacking a number of elderly German ex-servicemen in Brighton." As this is about 62 Group it should go in that article.
Removed: "One criticism that is made against the group is that one of its members was Harry Bidney, a convicted child molester and night club owner" as, again, this is about the 62 Group --JK the unwise 17:46, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* You removed this very fact from the 62 Group article, and I noted it on its talk page. Do you have any intention of re-inserting it, or should I do so? 80.255 22:36, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)
* Insert away.--JK the unwise 11:01, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC)
Radicalization quote
It is absurd to talk about the fascists and anti-fascists "Radicalizing each other". The BUF by definition was "Radical", the 43 Group initially started as a self defense organization aimed at protecting the harrased and Jewish community in the East End of London. The clashes escalated simply because the BUF "Upped the ante" and the 43 group were forced to reply in kind.Historygypsy (talk) 03:06, 13 May 2008 (UTC)
* The statement is taken from Hillman, Nicholas (2001) ''Tell me chum, in case I got it wrong. What was it we were fighting during the war?' The Re-emergence of British Fascism, 1945-58', Contemporary British History, 15:4, 1 — 34
* If you don't like my summary, how would you summarize the points made in this source? Tim Vickers (talk) 15:49, 13 May 2008 (UTC)
Reply
Hi Tim Sorry that this is a bit late but, here goes The circumstances around pre WW2 in the UK were vastly different to post WW2. Pre WW2 there were a lot of Nazi sympathizers, including, Dukes and other "Aristocrats". Most were members of the "Right Club", which you should read up. You have lived in the UK at the time to understand just how revered the "Aristocracy" was, and how their beliefs shaped popular beliefs. They even shaped Nazi thought, it was the Duke of Hamilton (Right Club Member) in Scotland that the befuddled Rudolph Hess tried to contact by bailing out of his Me110 over Scotland. The exiled King Edward was another, who met with Hitler and others and agreed to be a puppet Nazi King in the UK. Post WW2 saw many of the "Right Club" (and others) run for cover, even if they did not abandon or soften their rascist beliefs. But after Britain's cities had been pulverized during the war, and with the revelation of the horrors of the death camps where millions were killed (and that included Christians) popular anti-Semitism was largely restricted to the militant (relatively) few in the BUF. Further, the reverence for the "Aristocracy" was, and continues to be declining, where today, for the most part, they are a scorned joke (except for them and their hangers-on and the fawning media). Historygypsy (talk) 18:40, 17 August 2011 (UTC)
=Graham Macklin book= "Very Deeply Dyed in Black: Sir Oswald Mosley and the Resurrection of British Fascism after 1945"
I'm wondering about the reliability of this source as it talks about "Jewish Gangsters" such as "Jack 'Spot' Como" and "Bud Flanagan". I can't find any reference to a Jack Como on the internet and can only assume he's referring to Jack Comer, who was indeed an infamous Jewish gangster operating in the East End of London at this time. The inclusion of Bud Flanagan has me utterly bemused: Flanagan was a very famous music hall entertainer from a very young age and whose credits include the title music for Dad's Army! No other source that is not derived directly from Macklin mentions him having a criminal career. The precise phrase is "Jewish gangsters like Bud Flanagan from the Crazy Gang": Flanagan was indeed a member of the Crazy Gang, but the Crazy Gang was a comedy troupe! If the book contains fundamental and damaging errors such as these, which can be the result only of the laziest of research combined with extreme general ignorance or deliberate fraud, I believe great doubt is cast on whatever other insights the book may offer on this subject.FrFintonStack (talk) 16:36, 27 January 2009 (UTC)
* Yes, Bud Flanegan might be a mistake, but equally it might be a gang or nickname named after the comedy troupe. Removing this source on our own interpretation would be original research. Jack Comer certainly seems to be one of the names Jack Comacho used, but since it looks like he changed his name several times it is also possible that several different spellings are correct. I'm therefore fine with removing Flanegan, sine it is best to err on the side of caution, but I'd argue that we should retain Comacho/Corner/Como. Tim Vickers (talk) 17:41, 27 January 2009 (UTC)
* Looking at the author Graham Macklin, I'm much more comfortable about using this as a source. This author has impeccable credentials in this area. Tim Vickers (talk) 17:50, 27 January 2009 (UTC)
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Too much screen time? New phone controls for you and kids
NEW YORK (AP) — Apple and Google want to help you spend less time on their phones — really. Like that time you checked Facebook at 3 a.m. Stats don't lie. Their new tools for managing screen time will let you see how often you picked up the phone after bedtime or how long you're on Instagram at work (shame on you). Apple's tools also let you control how long your kids spend on their devices, if you're concerned that screens are taking time away from sleep, homework or exercise. Apple's tools launch Tuesday as part of the free iOS 12 software update for iPhones, iPads and the iPod Touch. Google's controls are being tested on its Pixel-branded Android phones. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Fuoss
Fuoss is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
American musician Mount Pleasant PA.
* Donald E. Fuoss (1923–2014), American basketball and football coach
* Paul Fuoss, American physicist
* Raymond Fuoss (1905–1987), American chemist
* Duane A Fuoss (1974- ) | WIKI |
用Flask的SQLAlchemy从SQLite切换到MySQL[英] Switching from SQLite to MySQL with Flask SQLAlchemy
本文是小编为大家收集整理的关于用Flask的SQLAlchemy从SQLite切换到MySQL的处理/解决方法，可以参考本文帮助大家快速定位并解决问题，中文翻译不准确的可切换到English标签页查看源文。
问题描述
我有一个我使用烧瓶Sqlalchemy和Sqlite构建的网站，需要切换到MySQL.我已经迁移了数据库本身，并在MySQL下运行，但是
1. 无法弄清楚如何连接到MySQL数据库(即SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI应该是什么)和
2. 尚不清楚我现有的SQLalchemy Sqlite代码是否可以与MySQL一起使用.
我怀疑(1)非常简单，只是显示如何映射的问题，例如，我在MySQL数据库工具中使用的连接对话框的内容以适当格式化的URL.但是我担心(2)，我以为Sqlalchemy提供了一个抽象层，因此简单Sqlalchemy代码，例如
from flask import Flask
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:////tmp/test.db'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
class User(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True)
def __init__(self, username, email):
self.username = username
self.email = email
def __repr__(self):
return '<User %r>' % self.username
admin = User('admin', 'admin@example.com')
db.session.add(admin)
User.query.all()
User.query.filter_by(username='admin').first()
除了对数据库URI的适当更改以外，
无需进行任何修改；但是我发现的示例 用于与mysql一起使用sqlalchemy使用完全不同的API.
我(2)可以通过简单地更改数据库URI来迁移烧瓶SQLALCHEMY代码与MySQL数据库一起使用，如果是的话(1)URI应该是什么?
推荐答案
您指向的教程显示了使用sqlalchemy连接到mySQL的正确方法.以下是您的代码，几乎没有更改:
我的假设是您的MySQL Server正在运行烧瓶运行的同一台计算机上，数据库名称为DB_NAME.如果您的服务器不是同一部计算机，请将服务器IP代替localhost.
.
from flask import Flask
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://username:password@localhost/db_name'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
class User(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True)
def __init__(self, username, email):
self.username = username
self.email = email
def __repr__(self):
return '<User %r>' % self.username
admin = User('admin', 'admin@example.com')
db.create_all() # In case user table doesn't exists already. Else remove it.
db.session.add(admin)
db.session.commit() # This is needed to write the changes to database
User.query.all()
User.query.filter_by(username='admin').first()
我碰巧的是，SQLAlchemy(mqsqldb)使用的默认驱动程序在我的虚拟环境中不会为我编译.因此，我选择了具有完整Python实现的MySQL驱动程序pymysql.使用pip install pymysql安装它后，sqlalchemy_database_uri将更改为:
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql+pymysql://username:password@localhost/db_name'
使用ORM之类的目的是Sqlalchemy，您可以在大多数情况下使用不同或没有更改的不同数据库.所以，我的答案是肯定的.您应该能够使用SQLite代码与MySQL一起使用，如上述代码所示的URI.
其他推荐答案
当时接受的答案是正确的，但是导入语句中的语法已被弃用.
这个:
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
应替换为:
import flask_sqlalchemy
由于有关数据库连接的问题往往会引起流量并保持长期相关，因此值得记录.
弃用在 flask版本1.0 ChandElog 实际上使用此模块在示例中:
flask.ext-直接通过其名称导入扩展名而不是 通过烧瓶.ext名称空间.例如，导入 flask.ext.sqlalchemy成为导入烧瓶flask_sqlalchemy.
本文地址：https://www.itbaoku.cn/post/597496.html
问题描述
I have a site that I've built with Flask SQLAlchemy and SQLite, and need to switch to MySQL. I have migrated the database itself and have it running under MySQL, but
1. Can't figure out how to connect to the MySQL database (that is, what the SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI should be) and
2. Am unclear if any of my existing SQLAlchemy SQLite code will work with MySQL.
I suspect that (1) is fairly simple and just a matter of being shown how to map, for example, the contents of the connection dialog I use in my MySQL database tool to an appropriately formatted URL. But I'm worried about (2), I had assumed that SQLAlchemy provided an abstraction layer so that simple SQLAlchemy code such as
from flask import Flask
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:////tmp/test.db'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
class User(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True)
def __init__(self, username, email):
self.username = username
self.email = email
def __repr__(self):
return '<User %r>' % self.username
admin = User('admin', 'admin@example.com')
db.session.add(admin)
User.query.all()
User.query.filter_by(username='admin').first()
wold work without any modifications other than an appropriate change to the database URI; but the examples I've found for using SQLAlchemy with MySQL seem to use a completely different API.
Can I (2) migrate my Flask SQLAlchemy code to work with a MySQL database by simply changing the database URI and if so (1) what should that URI be?
推荐答案
The tutorial pointed by you shows the right way of connecting to MySQL using SQLAlchemy. Below is your code with very little changes:
My assumptions are your MySQL server is running on the same machine where Flask is running and the database name is db_name. In case your server is not same machine, put the server IP in place of localhost.
from flask import Flask
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://username:password@localhost/db_name'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
class User(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True)
def __init__(self, username, email):
self.username = username
self.email = email
def __repr__(self):
return '<User %r>' % self.username
admin = User('admin', 'admin@example.com')
db.create_all() # In case user table doesn't exists already. Else remove it.
db.session.add(admin)
db.session.commit() # This is needed to write the changes to database
User.query.all()
User.query.filter_by(username='admin').first()
It happened to me that the default driver used by SQLAlchemy (mqsqldb), doesn't get compiled for me in my virtual environments. So I have opted for a MySQL driver with full python implementation pymysql. Once you install it using pip install pymysql, the SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI will change to:
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql+pymysql://username:password@localhost/db_name'
The purpose of using ORM like SQLAlchemy is that , you can use different database with little or no change in most cases. So, my answer is yes. You should be able to use your sqlite code to work with MySQL with the URI mapped as in above code.
其他推荐答案
The accepted answer was correct at the time, but the syntax in the import statement has been deprecated.
This:
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
Should be replaced with:
import flask_sqlalchemy
Since questions regarding database connections tend to get traffic and stay relevant for a long time, it's worth having on the record.
The deprecation is in the Flask Version 1.0 Changelog, which actually uses this module in the example:
flask.ext - import extensions directly by their name instead of through the flask.ext namespace. For example, import flask.ext.sqlalchemy becomes import flask_sqlalchemy. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Clare Oumou Verbeten
Clare Oumou Verbeten is an American politician serving as a member of the Minnesota Senate for the 66th district since 2023. She and Erin Maye Quade were the first openly LGBTQ women and first Black women elected to the Minnesota Senate.
Early life and education
Oumou Verbeten was born and raised in Minnesota. She grew up in Roseville. Her mother is originally from Senegal. Oumou Verbeten earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in law and society from American University in 2016.
Career
As a college student, Oumou Verbeten worked as an intern for the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party, the National Immigrant Women's Advocacy Project, Women Winning, and the Democratic National Committee. She returned to the Minnesota DFL in 2016 as deputy public affairs director. In 2017 and 2018, she was the deputy political director for Tim Walz's gubernatorial campaign. After the campaign, Oumou Verbeten worked as deputy political director of the North Central States Regional Council of Carpenters and as a community affairs specialist for Mortenson Construction. From 2019 to 2022, she served as an equity and inclusion program manager for the city of Saint Paul, Minnesota.
Oumou Verbeten was elected to the State Senate in 2022. During the 93rd Minnesota Legislature, numerous bills she sponsored and supported were enacted, including bills banning no-knock warrants, allowing for free phone calls from prisons, and a cap of five years on probation. She was elected to be an Assistant Majority Leader in March 2024. | WIKI |
The remains of several Vagaceratops skulls were excavated from the Upper Dinosaur Park Formation in Alberta, Canada, during 1958. It took many years for this dinosaur to be recognized as a distinct species, but in 2001 it was finally regarded as a new species of Chasmosaurus called ‘C. irvinensis’ A later study published in 2010 recognized it as a distinct from Chasmosaurus and so it was given a new genus name as well, Vagaceratops, meaning ‘wandering horned-face’.
Vagaceratops had a short horn on its none, a curved beak, and a distinctive square bony frill on the back of its head, all of which are depicted in our Vagaceratops toy. The flat rear edge of the frill was covered with a row of bony projections or ‘hornlets’. Vagaceratops walked on four short robust legs. Its front legs had five toes, of which three had blunt claws, and the hind feet had four large toes with hoof-like claws. It grew up to 16 feet long. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Debian: the Lintian complains about many "shlib-calls-exit" in many of the plugins
Description
See http://labs.seravo.fi/~otto/mariadb-repo/mariadb-10.0-sid-amd64/lintian-0f7cb30.log and https://lintian.debian.org/tags/shlib-calls-exit.html.
The following shared libraries call exit:
• libdaemon_example.so - there seem to be no reason for exit(), use DBUG_RETURN(1) instead.
• libmysqld.so.18 - to be analyzed
• ha_oqgraph.so - there's no exit() in oqgraph sources, most probably called by boost (grep headers for exit())
• ha_connect.so - either replace with abort() or keep exit(), or reassign to Oliver to handle this properly.
• ha_innodb.so - lots of exits, either replace with abort() or keep exit(), or reassign to Jan to handle this properly.
• ha_mroonga.so - lots of exits, either replace with abort() or keep exit(), or reassign to Kentoku to handle this properly.
• ha_spider.so - either replace with abort() or keep exit(), or reassign to Kentoku to handle this properly.
• handlersocket.so - report upstream?
Lintian suggests:
In the case of an error, the library should instead return an appropriate error code to the calling program which can then determine how to handle the error, including performing any required clean-up.
Note: to find out if shared library has exit calls use something like nm|grep exit
Environment
None
Assignee
Sergey Vojtovich
Reporter
Sergey Vojtovich
Labels
None
Sprint
None
Fix versions
Affects versions
Priority
Critical
Configure | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Henry L. Bates, Administrator, v. The New York & New England Railroad Company.
New Haven & Fairfield Cos.,
Oct. T., 1890.
Andrews, C. J., Cabpentee, Loomis, Setmoub and Tobbance, Js.
The statute (Gen. Statutes, §8554,) requires engineers of railroad trains to commence sounding the steam whistle or bell when within eighty rods of any grade crossing, and to keep sounding it occasionally until the crossing is passed. Held that where the highest degree of diligence may justly be required, a literal compliance with the statute may not be enough.
This is especially so where the duty which the statute was intended to enforce did not originate in and is not measured by the statute, but existed at common law.
An engineer, approaching a grade crossing, where there was a whistling post eighty rods from the crossing, blew the whistle at a point four hundred feet short of the post and did not blow it again. The bell however was constantly rung until the crossing was passed. The plaintiff's intestate was approaching the crossing when the whistle was blown and was soon after killed there. The wind was unfavorable for carrying the sound of the whistle to him and it did not appear that he heard it, although it could have been heard. The court below found, wholly by reason of the neglect of the engineer to blow the whistle when within the eighty rods, that he was guilty of negligence. Held that this court could not, as matter of law, see that the court below erred in so holding. [Two judges dissenting.]
The plaintiff’s intestate was driving toward the crossing with a wagon used for carrying wood, on which was an empty woodrack, and he sat on a string piece of the rack. This gave him a low position, where he could not so easily see the approaching train and could not so easily manage his horse, if frightened, as upon a seat of ordinary height. The horse was frightened at the sudden sight of the locomotive near him, and became uncontrollable and dashed upon the track in front of the engine. The court below found that the plaintiffs intestate was not guilty of contributory negligence. Held that this court could not, as a matter of law, see that the court below erred in so holding.
[Argued October 31st, 1890
decided March 20th, 1891.]
ACTION for causing the death of the plaintiff’s intestate by negligence in the running of a railroad train of the defendant; brought to the Superior Court in Fairfield County, and heard in damages after a default by F. B. Sail, J. The court made the following finding of facts.
The defendant is a railroad company, operating a railroad which passes through the town of Danbury. On the 16th of February, 1889, about noon, Edward H. Bates, the plaintiff’s intestate, while passing with his horse and wagon over a grade-crossing of the railroad, a short distance west of the city of Danbury, was struck by the locomotive of the defendant’s train and killed.
The train in question was known as the “ pay train,” and passed through Danbury weekly, being run as a section of and closely following a regular passenger train. It consisted of a locomotive and one passenger car, and was managed and controlled by an engineer, fireman, conductor and brakeman. The train was approaching Danbury from the west, and, at the time of the accident, was running at the rate of about forty miles an hour, and faster than passenger trains are usually run at this place.
A whistling-post, placed by the defendant, stood between seventy and eighty rods west of the crossing in question, at which it was the custom of trains approaching this crossing from the west to give the crossing signal of two long and two short blasts of the whistle. On the day in question the engineer failed to blow the whistle within eighty rods of the crossing in question, but blew it between seventeen and eighteen hundred feet west of the crossing, and more than four hundred feet west of the whistling-post, and did not again blow the whistle before the accident. The bell of the engine was however continuously rung from the time the whistle was blown until the crossing was reached. The railroad commissioners had made no order dispensing with the blowing of the whistle upon approaching this crossing.
The engineer, who sat on the right hand side of the locomotive, did not see Mr. Bates. The fireman first saw him, when he was within about fifty feet of the crossing and was endeavoring to stop his horse. The fireman immediately called out to the engineer, but it was then too late to avert the accident.
The crossing in question is at right angles to the track. Immediately adjacent to the track on the north is a bridge over a stream about ten feet wide. For a distance of about seventy feet north of the bridge the highway is substantially level, and commands a view of the railroad track to the west for nearly a mile, for which distance the track is substantially straight. A few feet east of the crossing the track enters a deep cut, and at the same time makes a sharp curve toward the north. Going north from a point about eighty feet north of the track, the highway ascends, and the view of the track from the road is obstructed by a stone wall and bank, and by the trees, up to a point three or four hundred feet north of the track, where again a clear view of the track at the west is obtained.
Upon the day in question the plaintiff’s intestate was driving down the hill from the north. He was a careful driver, was driving a gentle horse, and was sitting upon one of the string-pieces of a wood-rack upon his wagon; upon which side did not appear. The wood-rack consisted of two poles or string-pieces, running lengthwise of the wagon and resting upon the bolsters, and connected with cross-pieces, and having upright stakes for holding wood, and was similar to that ordinarily used by farmers in drawing wood.
Sitting in so low a position one could not, in passing along that part of the road where the view of the track is obstructed by tbe wall and bank, so easily obtain a view of the track as when seated upon the raised seat of an ordinary wagon, nor could one seated as Mr. Bates was so easily control his horse when frightened, as when sitting upon an ordinary wagon seat.
When he was at the point before described on the hill, three or four hundred feet north of the track, the train was not in sight. Whether or not, after passing that point, and while the track was not in sight, he heard the whistle for the crossing, did not appear. The whistle as blown for this crossing could have been heard on that day by a person on the highway, and as far from the engine as he was at the time the signal was blown. The wind at this time was blowing from the east. If he heard it, it would have been reasonable for him to believe that it was not for the crossing over which he was to pass, but for the next crossing, nearly a mile west.
When he reached the level space at the foot of the hill, and saw the near approaching train, his horse became frightened and unmanageable and ran toward the track. He used every endeavor to stop his horse, and nearly succeeded in doing so at a point very near the track, when the horse, frightened by the engine, sprang in front of the engine, and Mr. Bates was struck and killed.
I find that due regard for the safety of persons passing along this highway, toward and over the crossing, requires that the engine whistle upon approaching trains be blown within eighty rods of the crossing.
I find that Mr. Bates was not guilty of contributory negligence, and that the accident was caused by the defendant’s negligence in having failed to blow the whistle within eighty rods of the crossing.
Upon these facts the defendant claimed that Mr. Bates was guilty of contributory negligence, and that the defendant was not negligent, and was not upon the facts required to blow the whistle within eighty rods of the crossing; which claims the court overruled, and assessed damages for the plaintiff in the sum of $2,000. The defendant appealed.
JS. D. Robbins, for the appellant.
1. The function of a crossing-whistle is to give timely warning of the approach of a train. The important consideration for the traveler on the highway is not the distance of the engine from the crossing. What concerns him is solely the question of time. If the engine is to pass the crossing in one minute, it is entirely immaterial to him how far and how fast it is to go. It makes no difference with him in consulting for his safety whether it has three hundred and twenty rods to go at the rate of sixty miles an hour, or whether it has eighty rods to go at fifteen miles an hour. In either case he has just the same time in which to stop and look out for his horse, or in which to keep on and perhaps get hurt. In the present case, in which the train was going at the rate of forty miles an hour, it passed over seventeen hundred and sixty feet in half a minute. The court finds that the engineer whistled when his engine was that distance from the crossing. Surely thirty seconds is none too long a warning to a traveler on a highway approaching a dangerous railroad crossing ! There could be no question that the whistle as blown would be audible on the highway. Mr. Bates is dead, and we cannot know whether he actually heard it or not; but the court finds that he could have heard it. There is no reason for doubting that he did hear it. We know that after he saw the train coming he drove along some thirty feet further, to wait there for it to pass.
2. Does the rule of law which prescribes the duty of the engineer as to whistling, imperatively require that he should whistle exactly eighty rods from a highway crossing ? Such a rule would be utter unreason. There is no mysterious efficacy about this exact distance. Many trains move very rapidly, and would go a number of rods while the engineer turned from taking care of his machinery to pull his whistle. In the case at bar the engineer reached the eighty-rods-point within seven seconds of the time when he commenced to blow his whistle. Or is there no rule of law on the subject, and is it left to the caprice of juries and the varying notions of individual judges to say, that at this or that particular crossing the whistle ought to have been sounded at this or that distance ? Then no engineer can ever know his duty in this matter. His own judgment is of no avail, and his superiors cannot help him. It certainly never would have seemed to any experienced engineer, or to any railroad superintendent, that it could be considered negligence, at a place like the one where this accident occurred, to whistle in time to give thirty seconds warning to travelers on the highway. It was in order to avoid the confusion and injustice of such a state of law that the legislature regulated the subject by statute. The duty of the railroad company is fixed by that statute, and it is thereby made as burdensome as the legislature thought it best that it should be made. A rule of law so established is not to be added to by the courts nor varied by the caprice of juries. Dyson v. N. York $ N. Eng. B. B. Oo., 57 Conn., 9; Beisiegel v. N. York Central B. B. Oo., 40 N. York, 9; Or if yen v. Same, id., 84; Van Bote v. Hannibal St. Joseph B. B. Oo., 70 Mo., 641: Turner v. Kansas Oity, etc. B. B. Oo., 78 id., 578; Chicago, B. Q. B. B. Oo. v. Damerell, 81 Ill., 450; Chicago Alton B. B. Oo. v. Bobinson, 106 id., 142; Chicago, B. Q. B. B. Oo. v. Dougherty, 110 id., 521 ; Wood on Railway Law, 1309. Plainly, if the words of the statute are taken in their natural meaning, as they have been by other courts in cases above cited, then in the case at bar the ringing of the bell was alone sufficient to comply with the law. If, on the other hand, the statute is to be broadly construed, and for the sake of securing a timely warning an obligation to blow the whistle is to be added to the obligation of ringing the bell, then in the same spirit it will be held that, when an engineer is driving an express train at the rate of forty or sixty miles an hour, to blow the whistle a few seconds before reaching the whistling post is evidence of additional caution and not of negligence.
3. The question, what signals it was the duty of the engineer to give on approaching the highway crossing, is a question of law; the question whether that duty was actually performed would be a question of fact. Nolan v. N. York,
JN~. Hav. $ Hartford R. R. Co., 53 Conn., 462, 471; Dyson y. H. York $• N. Eng. H. JR. Co., 57 id., 9.
4. Mr. Bates was guilty of contributory negligence. An accident like this one is of most unusual occurrence. The reason of its happening lay in the fact that the driver was so seated as to have no control of his horse. He was sitting sideways on the ontside string-piece of his wagon, with his legs loosely dangling toward the ground. His horse was a gentle one, but even gentle horses are afraid of locomotives. It is plainly imprudent to bring even a gentle horse within fifty feet of an onrushing engine unless it is under firm control. When a traveler on a highway hears a whistle, he knows that a train is coming somewhere. It is his duty to take no risks. If he is seated so that he cannot control his horse, he should approach no nearer until he knows that he is safe in so doing. If Mr. Bates was already within fifty feet of the track when the whistle sounded, he then saw the train, and stopped without taking the trouble to change his position, although he had half a minute to do it in. If he was farther back from the track, he kept on going nearer regardless of the risk of the frightening of his horse. Either course of conduct was the careless act of an ordinarily careful man, such as so often causes one of these deplorable accidents. If, on the other hand, Mr. Bates did not listen for a train as he drew near the railroad crossing, he was guilty of such negligence as would plainly bar recovery in this action. If he did not look up the track when he got past the stone wall, eighty rods from the crossing, he was in this also guilty of contributory negligence which would defeat this action. Peek v. AT. York, H. Hav. Hartford R. R. Co., 50 Conn., 379, 392; Railroad Co. v. Houston, 95 U. S. R., 697; Scho-field v. Chicago, Milw. $ St. Paul R. R. Co., 114 id., 615; Tally v. Fitchburg R. JR. Co., 134 Mass., 499.
L. D. Brewster and H. B. Scott, for the appellee.
CARPENTER, J.
This is an action for negligently causing the death of the plaintiff’s intestate. The defendant suffered a default and was beard in damages. The Superior Court found the facts, finding that the defendant was guilty of negligence, and that the deceased was not guilty of contributory negligence, and rendered judgment for the plaintiff for substantial damages. The defendant appealed. The claim is that the court erred in matters of law in respect to both findings.
1. As to the negligence of the defendant. The accident occurred on the defendant’s railroad, west of the city of Dan-bury, where a highway running north and south crosses the railroad at nearly right angles, the train going east. It appears that there is a whistling-post between seventy and eighty rods west of the crossiug; that the whistle was not blown, as was usually done, at the post, or at any point between that and the crossing; and that it was blown at a point some four hundred feet further from the crossing. On that ground alone the court found negligence.
The statute, (Gen. Statutes, § 3554,) provides that “ every person controlling the motions of any engine upon any railroad, shall commence sounding the bell or steam whistle attached to such engine when such engine shall be approaching, and within eighty rods of, the place where said railroad crosses any highway at grade, and keep such bell or whistle occasionally sounding until such engine has crossed such highway.” The practical interpretation of this statute is to sound the whistle when within eighty rods of the Crossing, and to ring the bell until after passing the crossing. The language of the statute is in the alternative, and it will be literally complied with if either is done to the exclusion of the other; but in a matter of this importance, where the highest degree of diligence may justly be required of railroad companies to protect life at crossings, a strictly literal compliance with the statute is not always enough ; especially when it is apparent that such compliance may be ineffectual. There are times when statutes should be complied with according to their spirit and intent. Particularly is that so when the duty which the statute is designed to enforce does not originate in and is not measured by the statute. Here is a duty which exists at common law. It has its origin in the humane instincts of the race. Obviously the statute was not designed to define and limit the duty of railroad companies. They cannot do less than the statute requires; there are times and occasions when they may properly be required to do more. If both the whistle and bell would be more effective, the statute ought not to be so construed as to prevent their use from being required. Inasmuch as both are at hand ready for instant use, there can be no hardship in requiring both. And so this court was fully justified in saying on this subject “ that an omission to sound the whistle, except at a place where the railroad commissioners had authorized the whistle to be omitted, even if the bell was rung, would undoubtedly be regarded as negligence.” Bailey v. Hartford & Conn. Valley R. R. Co., 56 Conn., 444. It cannot be said that this is technically negligence, but without damage ; for it cannot be known that the omission to sound the whistle at the post was not the cause of the accident; obviously it might have been. And the court was justified in finding negligence. The wind was blowing from the east, so that its tendency was to carry the sound from the deceased. It does not appear whether he heard it or not. Perhaps there is some presumption that he did not; otherwise effectuál measures would have been taken to prevent the accident. Perhaps also, if he did hear it, the sound was so indistinct as to justify the suggestion of the court that he might reasonably have believed that it was for another crossing nearly a mile west. Who then can say that if the whistle had been sounded at a point some four or five hundred feet nearer the crossing the accident would not have been prevented?
From what has been said it will be readily inferred that we are not prepared to assent to the reasoning of the defendant’s counsel, that the sounding of the whistle some seventeen hundred feet from the crossing, thirty seconds away, was better for the deceased than it would have been at the post, thirteen hundred feet and twenty-three seconds away. A danger signal, giving twenty-three seconds of time, if heard and heeded, is better than one giving thirty seconds, if not heard, or, if heard, mistaken for something else.
2. Contributory negligence. The facts bearing upon this part of the case are found as follows: — “ The engineer, who sat on the right hand side of the locomotive, did'mot see the deceased. The fireman first saw the deceased when the latter was within about fifty feet of the crossing and\was endeavoring to stop his horse. The fireman immediately hailed out to the engineer, but it was then too late to avert the accident. The crossing in question is at right angles to the track. Immediately adjacent to the track on the north is a bridge over a stream about ten feet wide. For a distance of about seventy feet north of the bridge the highway is substantially level, and commands a view of the railroad track to the west for nearly a mile, for which distance the track is substantially straight. * * * Going north from a point about eighty feet north of the track, the highway ascends, and the view of the track from the road is obstructed by a stone wall and bank and by the trees up to a point three or four hundred feet north of the track, where again a clear view of the track at the west is obtained. Upon the clay in question the plaintiff’s intestate was driving down the hill from the north. He was a careful driver, was driving a gentle horse, and was sitting upon one of the string-pieces of a wood-rack upon his wagon. * * * The wood-rack consisted of two poles or string-pieces running lengthwise of the wagon and resting upon the bolsters, and connected with cross pieces, and having upright stakes for holding wood, and is similar to that ordinarily used by farmers in drawing wood. Sitting in so low a position, one could not, in passing along that part of the road where the view of the track is obstructed by the wall and bank, so easily obtain a view of the track as when seated upon the raised seat of an ordinary wagon, nor could one seated as the deceased was so easily control his horse when frightened as when sitting upon an ordinary wagon seat. When the deceased was at the point before described on the hill, three or four hundred feet north of the track, the train was not iii sight. Whether or not, after passing that point, and while the track was not in sight, he heard the whistle for the crossing, did not appear. The whistle as blown for this crossing could have been heard on that day by a person on the highway and as far from the engine as the deceased was at the time the signal was blown. The wind at this time was blowing from the east. If the deceased heard the signal blown for this crossing, it would have been reasonable for him to have believed that it was not for the crossing over which he was to pass, but for the next crossing, nearly a mile west of this crossing. When the deceased reached the level space at the foot of the hill and saw the near approaching train, his horse became frightened and unmanageable, and ran toward the track. The deceased made every endeavor to stop his horse, and nearly succeeded in doing so at a poiut very near the track, when the horse, frightened by the engine, sprang in front of the engine, and the deceased was struck and killed.”
Evidently the question of contributory negligence is mainly a question of fact. It is difficult to see in the record any legal question in this branch of the case.
We may say generally, that the law requires every one to use ordinary care to avoid danger at a railroad crossing. What will be ordinary care depends upon the degree of danger. For a man in the perilous condition in which the deceased was placed, nothing less than every possible effort to avert an accident will amount to ordinary care; making due allowance, of course, for excitement, misjudging, etc. So far as we can judge from the facts stated, there is no reason to suppose that the deceased did not come up even to this standard; at least, we see no fact in the case which, when carefully considered, is inconsistent with this degree of care.
Negligence, if any existed, was in permitting himself to be placed in that position. It may have existed, but its existence is not so clear as to justify us in saying, as matter of law, that it existed. Let us briefly notice the claims of the defendant’s counsel. The first suggestion is that it is an unusual occurrence, and “ that the reason of its happening lay in the fact that the driver was so seated as to have no control of his horse.” This assumes that using such a wagon, seated in the manner described, was negligence per se. Manifestly this cannot be so. The significance of this fact must depend largely upon the attending circumstances related to and bearing upon this question. He was in the business of hauling wood; he used such a vehicle as was ordinarily used for that purpose; he was as conveniently seated as others in the same business were: he had a gentle horse; the train was an extra one, closely following a regular passenger train; we may suppose that he had the latter in mind but not the former; and we cannot assume that he had any knowledge of the approaching train until about the time he was seen by the fireman trying to control his horse. Upon these facts it is quite clear that the question, — was it reasonable for him to use such a vehicle in the manner he did, was a question of fact. Perhaps most men would have come to the same conclusion that the trial judge did. But however this may be, we cannot say that the judge committed a legal error in the conclusion to which he came.
Again, counsel say: — “ As soon as Mr. Bates knew the train was coming, it was his plain duty to stay where he was, or at least to take his horse by the head if he approached nearer. He did neither of these things. After he passed the stone wall, which hid the view from his low seat, and saw the engine coming, he drove on some thirty feet towards the track, and got within fifty feet of it, yet continued to sit in the same awkward position, in which he could have no pull on the reins, and could exercise no proper control of his horse.” How do we know when Mr. Bates first saw the train coming? How do we know that it was in his power to change his position, so as to get better control of his horse ? Unfortunately the record does not answer these questions.
In the next place, it is said that “ the engineer’s whistle gave the deceased half a minute’s warning.” That is inconsistent with the record, for that leaves it uncertain whether he heard it.
Lastly, it is said that he was guilty of negligence if he did not, as he drew near to the crossing, stop and listen for a train. Of the facts relating to this suggestion we know but little. The trial judge had a much better opportunity to judge of that matter than we have. As he has not found negligence, we cannot.
' There is no error in the judgment appealed from.
In this opinion Abdrews, C. J., and Seymour, J., con-concurred.
TorrANCE, J.,
(dissenting.) The trial court, after having found certain facts bearing upon the question of the negligence of the defendant and the contributory negligence of the deceased, expressly finds that the deceased was not guilty of contributory negligence, and that the accident “ was caused by the defendant’s negligence in having failed to blow the whistle within eighty rods of the crossing.”
In the opinion of the majority of this court the finding as to the absence of contributory negligence on the part of the deceased, is regarded as a conclusion of fact, which this court cannot review, and in that opinion I concur. In that opinion this view is also taken of the finding as to the negligence of the defendant, and from this I dissent.
The conclusion of the trial court as to contributory negligence is based upon a number of facts of such a nature that, with regard to the question of what a prudent man would or would not do thereunder, the law can lay down no specific rule in advance. It can only say to all persons— you must act as a prudent man would act under the like circumstances. It cannot inform us what a prudent man ought to do or refrain from doing under all or any given circumstances. In most cases involving the question of negligence it cannot in advance tell what its ideal prudent man ought or ought not to do. It contents itself with warning the trier that the standard he adopts ought to be that of the prudent man, but it leaves the trier to say what that standard is. Now this precept to act as a prudent man acts can hardly be called a rule, guide or measure of conduct, in any just sense of those terms. It is as vague as an exhortation to do the best you can under the circumstances. But it is from the nature of the case the best the law can do.
In most cases of negligence therefore, where, as is usual, the facts bearing upon that question are numerous, complicated and peculiar to the specific case, the law necessarily leaves to the trier, not only the question what did the defendant do or omit to do, but the further question also, what is the standard or measure by which his liability for his acts or omissions in a given case shall be determined.
“ When the judge decides that a want of due care is not shown, he necessarily fixes in his own mind the standard of ordinary prudence, and, measuring the plaintiff’s conduct by that, turns him out of court, upon his opinion of what a reasonably prudent man ought to have done under the circumstances. He thus makes his own opinion of what would be generally regarded as prudence, a definite rule of law.” Detroit & Milwaukee R. R. Co. v. Van Steinburg, 17 Mich., 99.
This is precisely what the law in most cases must leave to the trier, whether such trier be one man, as under our practice he may be, or a jury of twelve men.
The question of contributory negligence in the case at bar is clearly one of this character, to be determined by the trier, and his determination as such is as conclusive upon this court as the verdict of a jury would be in like circumstances.
But with regard to the question of the negligence of the defendant, the case on the finding is widely different. It must be borne in mind that the conclusion of the trial court in this' case as to the negligence of the defendant is based solely upon one fact, namely, failure to sound the whistle within the eighty rod limit. It is true that other facts are found, but the conclusion aforesaid does not profess to be, and is not, based upon them.
The train was properly manned; it was running at a lawful rate of speed, on a road and at a time where and when the defendant had a right to run it. It is not found or suggested that the engineer and other servants of the defendant on this train were inattentive or careless in any respect whatever, save in this, of sounding the whistle. No other fact is found or suggested which shows, or tends to show, any want of care or attention to duty on the part of the defendant, save in the one particular before mentioned. Had the whistle been sounded within the eighty rod limit, all the other facts in the case remaining as the court finds them, the trial court would undoubtedly have found no negligence.
It is not found that no signal was given by the whistle, or that it could not be heard, and heard distinctly, at the crossing, and along the highway near the crossing, nor is the finding based on any such state of facts. It is expressly found that the whistle could be so heard and that the bell was continuously rung.
The belief of the deceased that the whistle was sounded at a greater distance than it in fact was sounded, if he had any such belief, and the other facts found, had a bearing on the question of contributory negligence perhaps, but the conclusion in question is not based upon any of those facts. If the whistle had been blown within the eighty rod limit, the trial court would have found no negligence, notwithstanding the existence of all these other facts.
It may be thought however that the further finding of the court, that a “ due regard for the safety of persons passing said highway toward and over said crossing, requires that the engine whistle upon approaching trains be blown within eighty rods of said crossing,” is a finding of fact bearing upon the conclusion of negligence.
To say that public safety requires the whistle to be sounded within the eighty rod limit, is but another way of saying that the law requires this to be done. Even if public safety did require it, the defendant was not liable for not doing what public safety required, unless it failed to perform some duty which the law imposed upon it. So that after all the decisive question in the case was — does the law require that the whistle be blown precisely within the eighty rod limit, and not elsewhere, on penalty of being found negligent; and this, of course, is a question of law and not of fact.
Similar findings in other cases have been so construed by this court, and have been reviewed and set aside. In Bailey v. Hartford & Conn. Valley R. R. Co., 56 Conn., 444, the trial court found “that reasonable care by the defendant under the circumstances required it to have given a signal by whistle or otherwise eighty rods from the crossing, and to have occasionally rung its bell, and not blown its whistle, along the line of the parallel highway,'until the crossing was reached; ” but this court found no difficulty in holding this to be a conclusion of law, which it could and did review. So in Beardsley v. City of Hartford, 50 Conn., 529, the trial court found that travel along the sidewalk in question was endangered by the basement opening, and that public safety required the city to enclose it, yet this court reviewed and set aside that conclusion. The findings in the two last named cases seem to be quite as strong in this respect as the one in the present case. Other cases to the same point might be cited. The conclusion of the trial court therefore, in the case at bar, on the question of negligence, seems to be based entirely upon the failure to blow the whistle within the limits prescribed by the statute.
Now whenever the liability of a defendant depends upon the doing or failure to do some one specific act, as in this case, and the trier finds the existence of such act or omission, his conclusion as to the existence thereof is final, but his finding of liability therefrom depends upon whether in so doing or omitting to do the defendant violated any duty, and that is always a question of law.
In Gallagher v. N. York & N. Eng. R. R. Co., 57 Conn., 442, the trial court made a finding of facts, and expressly found that the defendant was negligent; but this court reviewed that conclusion and came to an opposite one. In regard to the finding of negligence in that case, this court said — “ It is predicated entirely upon the want of a fence between the two railroads. Upon this part of the case the decisive question is, whether it was the duty of the defendant to erect such a fence, and this is .a question of law.” In Williams y. Town of Clinton, 28 Conn., 264, it is said: — “ The opinion of the court may properly enough be taken when the case turns upon the legal effect of a single fact.” In Beardsley v. City of Hartford, before cited, the trial court found the facts, and expressly found negligence on the part of the city in not fencing the basement opening, and no contributory negligence on the part of the plaintiff, yet this court reviewed that conclusion of negligence, and held that it depended upon the further question whether any duty rested upon the city to fence the opening, and that was a question of law. In Bailey v. Hartford & Conn. Valley R. R. Co., supra, the trial court made a finding of facts, and further found that in not sounding its whistle eighty rods from the grade crossing, and in first sounding it where it was sounded, the defendant was guilty of negligence. This court however reviewed that conclusion, and held that in doing what it did, under the circumstances stated, the defendant was not guilty of negligence.
The case at bar, upon the point now in question, comes I think within the principle of the cases cited. Suppose the trial court, finding all the other facts in the case just as it has done, had found that the whistle was sounded at the whistling post within the eighty rods, and then had found that the accident was caused by the negligence of the defendant in failing to blow the whistle within forty rods of the crossing, can there be any doubt that this court could review such a conclusion ? And if another trier, on a similar state of facts, holds the defendant liable for not blowing the whistle at ninety rods, is this court prepared to say it cannot review that conclusion? Upon principle as well as upon authority, therefore, I think the conclusion of the trial court upon the question of the negligence of the defendant, is one which this court can review.
The question then is, did the court below adopt the correct rule as to the duty resting upon the defendant? Unless this court is prepared to hold that the statutory duty to blow the whistle within the eighty rod limit is imperative under any and all circumstances, .then it seems to me the trial court did not adopt the true rule. In Bailey v. Hartford Conn. Valley R. R. Co., before cited, this court said: — “The statute (Gen. Statutes, § 8554,) directs that the engineer of every train shall, within eighty rods of any grade crossing, sound the whistle or ring the bell. This is required that all persons who are about to cross the track at the grade crossing may have notice that the train is coming. Obviously such notice should be given at such place and by such means as will be most likely to accomplish the object which the statute had in view. * * * If by reason of curves in the railroad, or by reason of high bluffs on either side, the signal when given at the distance of eighty rods from the crossing is not likely to be heard by persons near the crossing, but when given at a distance of forty-five rods is certain to be heard by such persons, then by every rule of good sense the signal, if to be given but once, should be given at the latter distance and not at the former. To argue the other way is a plain ‘ sticking in the bark.’ ” The majority opinion in the present case seems to take the same view of the law.
This then is the rule of law as held by this court, namely, that it was the duty of the defendant in the case at bar to sound the whistle at such place as would under all the then existing circumstances be most likely to give ample notice of the approach of the train to all who were about to use the crossing.
Now apply this rule to the facts in this case. The train was running at the rate of forty miles an hour. The whistle signal was blown when the train was distant from the eighty rod limit about four hundred feet. The bell was rung thence continuously till the train passed the crossing. While the whistle was sounding the two long and two short blasts, the train must have passed over a quite considerable part of the four hundred feet. The signal was loud enough to be plainly heard at the crossing, and along the highway where the deceased was driving. The train passed over the space between the crossing and the point where it first began to sound the signal in about thirty seconds. It passed over the distance between the whistling post and the crossing in about twenty-three seconds. In blowing the whistle where it was blown, persons on the highway near the crossing had notice of the approaching danger some six or seven seconds earlier than they would have had if it had been blown at the whistling post. Surely with an adverse wind and this high rate of speed, a warning of thirty seconds rather than twenty-three seconds is evidence of attention and care rather than of negligence.
Adopting the language of the court in Bailey v. Hartford & Conn. Valley R. R. Co., supra, “ to call such an act when done in such a manner, negligent, seems a misapplication of terms.” Under the rule laid down by this court the defendant was clearly not negligent. Under the rule laid down by the trial court the defendant was negligent and would have been negligent if it had blown the whistle at any point outside of the eighty rod limit, however near, without regard to the speed of the train, the condition of the weather or any other circumstance whatever.
The case at bar is “ a sad case, and appeals powerfully to one’s sympathy, but we must not allow it to become an occasion of injustice. The defendant is entitled to have the law fairly and impartially administered.” Nolan v. N. York, N. Hav. & Hartford R. R. Co., 53 Conn., 476.
In holding the defendant liable for full damages, I think the trial court committed an error in law, and that the judgment should be reversed.
Loomis, J., concurred in this opinion. | CASELAW |
Act Like a Man...Shifting Perspectives on Gender and the Art of Growing Up
Boys used to wear dresses.
In the 19th century, it was fairly common for young boys to be brought up wearing girls’ clothing until about six or seven years old. Fraternities and men’s clubs were originally founded to provide lonely young men in big cities and colleges a place to make friendships and forge intimate emotional relationships. They would organize poetry and literature readings and put on plays for each other and other frat houses, where many of the female roles were played by men dressed up as women. American males also used to regularly sleep together. In boarding houses and dormitories, men saved money by sharing a bed and nothing was considered odd or strange about it. Young men’s relationships, through letters written to each other and revealed through diary writings, showed intense outward expressions of affection and emotional connection. Today, if you took away the sender’s and sendee’s names from these letters, you would surely imagine they were correspondences between lovers.
Men also expressed their deepest fears and anxieties to each other, regarding all sorts of topics. Would they find a wife? Would they marry someone who would bring out the best in them? Would they find success in the new industrialized world? What did their futures hold? Nothing was really off limits in their conversations.
So what happened? How would we describe the shift that took place in the late 19th century and even more so in the 20th century that led men to think that a severe divorce from emotional expression, vulnerability, and intimacy was the best way to define their manhood?
Young men’s relationships, through letters to each other and revealed through diary writings, showed intense outward expressions of affection and love. Today, if you took away the sender’s and sendee’s names from these letters, you would surely imagine they were correspondences between lovers.
19th century cultural, social and therefore political life maintained much stricter boundaries and enforced role expectations. Men were expected to occupy the public sphere and women, the private. When their interactions with women took place beyond childhood, and into adolescence, they were either limited, inside of family relationships or to supervised and chaperoned experiences. Women also developed significant intimate relationships with each other. The difference was that, post marriage, it was acceptable for women to maintain these emotionally supportive relationships while men were expected to distance themselves from previous close relationships. In other words, they were expected to grow up. Acting like a man, more than anything else, meant not acting like a boy. The demarcation in masculine identity became the difference between a boy’s world, the attitudes of a young man and eventually taking your rightful place in the public square as an adult male. The emotional life of the home was the place of women -- men were largely expected to not spend substantial time in this environment. They were literally expected to divorce and sever themselves from their young, vibrant emotional selves of childhood.
The late 19th, early 20th century changes shifted the landscape quickly and relentlessly. Many of the factors that caused a shift were obvious ones: Women’s increasing role in public life through the suffragist movement and politics, women’s growing ever increasing access to equal education (more women than men graduating from high school in the 20th century) the pill, and women’s continued entry into work life and demands for equal access to the public market place.
But part of the shift in perceptions was not just what was happening to women and the breakdown of boundaries between public and private expectations in gender. There was also a general shift in how men related and perceived their boyhood.
They (men) were literally expected to divorce and sever themselves from their young, vibrant emotional selves of childhood.
With the end of the civil war, the American doctrine of western and international expansionism and the rise of American individualism, the unfettered energies of a boy’s life, was slowly being incorporated into the cultural portrayals of what it meant to be a grown man. The “inner boy” was now a good thing. Rational self-control was no longer a central benchmark for male identity and everything from the tusseling and fighting of young boys to risk-taking and hardened competition were now the new normal for young boys and men. Therefore, the logical extension of this thinking was a new mantra of masculinity: Act like a man...not like a woman.
This typography shows up in so much of the language and actions of the modern male. “Don’t be a pussy”. “Stop being a fag”. (gay men become the contra-distinction to masculine identity because they are perceived of as acting like women.) The absolutely insane growth of professional sports culture in the United States is a result of this phenomenon and also reinforces itself by distinguishing male athleticism with what is not female.
I am in no way suggesting that prior to the 20th century men did not hold highly superior, prejudicial and misogynistic opinions of women. But what we can say is that the formulations of male identity and somehow being defined as what is not female has profoundly violent and destructive consequences for gender in general. It implies, by default, a stereotyping, denigration, and dehumanization of women as part of the inherent process of identity formation in young boys and men. Men can only become identified as a man as long as they see themselves as “not woman”. “Boys will be boys” culture becomes an alienation from women as something less than themselves, without value and not worthy of respect and dignity. Is there really any downside from making a cultural shift away from such a reality? | FINEWEB-EDU |
Custom Domain Link is not linking
Question:
Replit Profile: https://replit.com/@arhanansari2009
Custom Domain Linking is not linking even it is 48 hours
I want a custom domain linking for this repl
I want link this domain : www.edelweisstokiolf.com
Please help me on this
I have used cloudfare
That looks like a Support team fix, sorry @arhanansari2009 - @ShaneAtReplit can you help with this?
Hi @arhanansari2009,
It appears that the domain you mentioned “edelweisstokiolf.com” isn’t registered with any domain registrar yet as far as I can see.
You would first need to purchase the domain with a registrar such as Namecheap.
Then you would add the DNS records that your Repl shows you when you click on the pencil icon in the top right of the webview inside your Repl, once you’ve entered your domain name in that area to map it.
Please let me know if you get stuck on any part, I’m happy to provide further guidance if need be.
Actually I have no money or Not allowed to spend any money
If the project is not serious, I would suggest using a free domain from Freenom in that case.
PLEASE NOTE: You will not own these domains like paid domains, Freenom just lets you “borrow them” and they need to be “renewed” every 12 months. They also reserve the right to take the domin away at any time without warning, which has happened to people before but not myself yet luckily. Freenom domains are also treated with a little scepticism due to scammers using them.
With that being said, Freenom is probably the best bet.
You have a choice of .tk .ml .cf .ga and .gq extensions to register domains for free.
Hope that helps.
But I want an extension of .in or .com
Those extensions are paid unfortunately. One ot cheapest providers I’ve found for domains is Namecheap. Porkbun and Google Domains are quite reasonably priced also.
Can you just buy it for me?
It is important website
No one is going to buy a website for you just because you just can’t afford or unable to purchase one yourself.
If you really want a free domain, you can use Github Pages and create a github.io website for your Repl.
1 Like
If it is a website for yourself and you really need a .com or .in, I would suggest completing a few bounties to earn cycles which can be cashed out so you can spend it on domains.
If the website is for someone else and they require a .com or .in, I would kindly explain to them that they need to pay for it and it is only a small cost.
If either of those options are not viable, there are other solutions for free such as Freenom and @savardo’s suggestion.
I hope this helps.
1 Like
Don’t know how to do it
You can check https://pages.github.com/ for how to get started on Github Pages
1 Like
How can I do this for ct8.pl | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Tarzan
Tarzan is a character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs; this is currently just a disambiguation page, and quotes from the works of Burroughs can be found on his quote page.
* Works derived from his include:
* Tarzan (1999 film)
* Tarzan II | WIKI |
Republic Bank & Trust Company
Republic Bank & Trust Company is a Louisville, Kentucky-based bank.
History
In 1977, Republic Bank of Shelby County was formed in Shelbyville, Kentucky. Five years later, in 1982, Republic Bank & Trust Company was founded and headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky. In 1983, Republic Bank & Trust Company acquired Republic Savings Bank in Benton, Kentucky. In 1994, all three banks were merged under the Republic Bank & Trust Company name.
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s the bank opened several banking centers throughout communities in Kentucky. In 1987, the bank's operations were moved to a newly constructed office tower in downtown Louisville.
In 1998, Republic Bancorp, Inc. was formed as a holding company for Republic Bank & Trust Company and an initial public offering of 2.14 million shares of Class A common stock was completed. The company also acquired Refunds Now, a national refund anticipation loan and check provider. In the mid-2000s, Refunds Now's name was changed to Tax Refunds Solutions.
In 1999, Republic Bank started Online Banking Operations, as part of the larger trend of expansion of electronic commerce.
In 2001, Republic Bank & Trust Company of Indiana was formed under Republic Bancorp, Inc. This bank was merged back into the Republic Bank & Trust Company in December 2006.
In the mid-2000s, Republic Bank and Trust began to issue its own title insurance policies as part of its own real estate transactions, as part of the verdict of Countrywide Home Loans Inc. v. Kentucky Bar Ass'n., which established that the issuing of title insurance was not the practice of law.
In October 2006, Republic Bancorp acquired Tampa, Florida-based GulfStream Community Bank for $18.1 million.
In January 2012, Republic Bancorp acquired Tennessee Commerce Bank.
In September 2012, Republic Bancorp acquired First Commercial Bank in Bloomington, MN.
In October 2022, it was announced that Republic Bankcorp would acquire C Bank in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Recognition
In recent years Republic has been recognized in the industry for its performance. In 2009, Sandler O'Neil listed Republic as the 10th best performing bank Over $3 billion in assets, and in 2010 ranked 5th overall in the same list. Republic has been ranked #1 out of 155 mid-size banks by Freddie Mac in 2009 for its servicing of mortgage loans.
Predatory lending
Critics charge that Republic uses aggressive marketing techniques to promote high-interest loans, such as payday loans and tax refund anticipation loans to "hard-up borrowers". In a February 17, 2006, letter to the bank, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) "cited inherent risks associated with payday lending activities and asked the bank to consider ending this line of business," according to a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. This was prompted by a letter to the FDIC from over 80 national consumer groups complaining about Republic's abusive practices in payday loans.
Half of Republic's income for the first nine months of 2008 was attributed to fees and interest associated with making refund anticipation loans.
Locations
Republic Bank & Trust Company operates banking centers in 5 states: Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana, and Florida. | WIKI |
Monte Carlo Should Be Mandatory Event, Six-Time Champion Rafael Nadal Says
Top-ranked Rafael Nadal , who is
seeking a record seventh straight title at the Monte Carlo Rolex
Masters , said the clay-court event should become mandatory on
the men’s ATP World Tour . Although Monte Carlo is one of nine so-called Masters 1,000
events on the tour, it’s the only one that isn’t mandatory for
the world’s best. Monte Carlo, one of the oldest events in
tennis, is the clay-court season opening competition for many of
the top-ranked men who will be competing for the French Open
title in Paris in five weeks’ time. Nadal is seeking a sixth
title at Roland Garros . “Even though the tournament lost the status of mandatory,
it’s something that in the future must change another time and
become mandatory,” Nadal told a small group of reporters at the
Monte Carlo Country Club. “That’s because this tournament is for sure one of the
best Masters 1,000 in the world, if not the best,” said the
Spaniard, who is a member of the ATP Player Council. The
lefthander started his clay-court season today with a 6-2, 6-2
win against Jarkko Nieminen of Finland. Lure Top Players Under the guidance of then ATP president Etienne de Villiers, the men’s tour in 2007 rebranded its Masters Series of
tournaments in cities including Miami, Rome and Shanghai as
“1,000” events. The other cities were Indian Wells,
California ; Madrid ; Toronto/ Montreal ; Cincinnati; and Paris. A
plan to downgrade the Monte Carlo event, which was first held in
1897, to a lower status with fewer ranking points and less prize
money was never carried out, partly because of opposition from
top players including Nadal and then world No. 1 Roger Federer .
Instead, Monte Carlo became a non-mandatory 1,000 event. Losing Masters status, which is one step below the four
Grand Slams, may affect a tournament’s ability to lure top
players. “It is impossible to downgrade a tournament like Monte
Carlo,” Nadal said. “There is the history of this tournament,
the tradition, the place, the city. Everything is too important
to downgrade a tournament like this.” Tournament director Zeljko Franulovic said the event should
get mandatory status because of its history. “Before it became a Masters series, there was an
unfortunate period where the ATP was, rightly or wrongly, trying
to do something else,” Franulovic said. “Everything came out
good, except for us. That we are a Masters 1,000 is very good,
but it would have been perfect if we could have this commitment
behind us.” ‘It Is Monaco ’ Most players like the Monaco tournament so much that its
non-mandatory status has not affected its ability to attract the
world’s best that much, Franulovic said. French Open finalist Robin Soderling of Sweden and
Australian Open winner Novak Djokovic of Serbia are the only
players in the top ten who have pulled out of Monte Carlo this
week, both with an injury. “At the end of the day, it is Monaco,” third-ranked
Federer told a news conference before the start of the
tournament. The Swiss national, who has yet to win Monte Carlo
even though he’s appeared in three finals, yesterday started his
clay-court season with a 6-2, 6-1 win over Germany ’s Philipp Kohlschreiber. “It remains an interesting location for players and fans
and media,” Federer said. “It’s the beginning of the clay-
court season. It would have kept its mystique. But at the same
time, I really felt it deserved a Masters 1,000 status and
that’s why Rafa and myself fought for it, because we thought
tradition was still a very important part of our game.” To contact the reporter on this story:
Danielle Rossingh at the Monte Carlo Country Club through the
London sports desk at
drossingh@bloomberg.net . To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Christopher Elser at celser@bloomberg.net . | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Canadian Cabinet Minister resigns over Harper's Quebec motion
November 27, 2006
Michael Chong, Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs, Minister of Sport, and MP for the riding of Wellington—Halton Hills, has resigned over Stephen Harper's Quebec motion. The motion asks MPs if Quebec is a nation "within a united Canada".
Chong opposed the vote saying that it was akin to ethnic nationalism, which he opposes.
"It is nothing else but the recognition of ethnic nationalism, and that is something I cannot support. It cannot be interpreted as the recognition of a territorial nationalism, or it does not refer to the geographic entity, but to a group of people," Chong said.
"I am resigning as minister so I can abstain from the vote tonight," Chong said at a news conference in Ottawa, the nations capital. "While I am loyal to my party and to my leader, my first loyalty is to my country. I believe in one nation undivided called Canada."
Chong remains a Conservative member of Parliament. Later in the day, Prime Minister Stephen Harper appointed York—Simcoe, Ontario MP Peter Van Loan to the position vacated by Chong.
Harper asked Liberal race contender Stéphane Dion for guidance with the Quebec motion instead of asking the now former Intergovernmental Affairs Minister, Michael Chong.
Michael Ignatieff, the front-runner in the Liberal leadership race, has proposed a similar motion. Liberal leadership candidate, Gerard Kennedy, said he opposes the motion and finds it divisive to national unity and could advance the separatist agenda.
The vote will be held tonight in the House of Commons. | WIKI |
Gatsby's rescue from dog meat farm changed my life (Opinion)
Randi Kaye is a CNN anchor and correspondent. You can follow her on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram. The opinions expressed in this commentary are hers. Warning: This article contains graphic descriptions. (CNN)I was on assignment in Manchester, New Hampshire covering politics, but I had puppies on my mind. My husband and I were in the market for a golden retriever, and I had reached out to a handful of rescue organizations to adopt one. Then one day in February 2016, as I was working on a script, a text message came through. I opened it to find a picture of a golden retriever puppy staring back at me. His face was so sweet and his eyes so big and brown and warm, it practically felt as if he was hugging me with them. The message along with the picture read, "This dog is coming in this weekend. Do you want him?" My heart skipped a beat. Of course I wanted him. I already knew I would never be able to say no to those puppy dog eyes. That day in February was the beginning of an amazing journey and an eye-opening education. The text message was from a woman named Linda Ripps who had started a Florida-based retriever rescue group called Golden Retrievals. For years, she's been helping rescue dogs in Florida and across the country, but also dogs in South Korea. Why South Korea? Because as many as 3 million dogs a year are killed, according to Humane Society International (HSI), which says it obtained the statistic from a government source in South Korea. Across Asia the numbers are far worse, with more than 30 million dogs killed annually as part of the meat trade, according to HSI. Until I had connected with this rescue group, I had no idea this was happening. Turns out the dog I was already hoping to call my own had been rescued from a dog meat farm in South Korea and was on his way via Korean Air Cargo to a new life in the United States. Linda Ripps told me, "My heart aches because I know the atrocities will continue and unfortunately so few Americans are aware of the cruelty and abuse." The dog meat trade As I looked into the issue, I discovered the Humane Society here in the United States (HSUS) and HSI have been working to stop the sale of dog meat for years, and to shut down the meat farms permanently. In South Korea alone, HSI says that the government estimates there are about 17,000 dog meat farms. So far, HSI says it has has rescued more than 850 dogs and shut down 8 farms. Wayne Pacelle, the President and CEO of the Humane Society in the United States, described the horrific conditions for the dogs, which he says humane society teams on the ground have seen firsthand. "The dogs stand on wire floors and are surrounded by metal bars, with their own feces accumulating beneath. The stench of ammonia on the farms is intense." The wire metal cages are elevated from the ground so "they never feel the earth beneath their feet, or the comfort of a warm bed." Pacelle says the dogs are "vulnerable to the elements, which in South Korea means punishing heat in the summer and biting cold in the winter." When he said that "it is a world devoid of affection or any acts of kindness for an animal whose greatest desire is human companionship," it brought me to tears. Adam Parascandola, the Director of Animal Protection and Crisis Response for Humane Society International, says the dogs are fed "food scraps" once a day, and the only water they get is what's added to their food. The dogs who fall victim to the meat trade are the same breeds of dogs you might have at home for a pet, including Golden Retrievers, Labradors, Saint Bernards, Huskies, even Chihuahuas. For their meat, the dogs are either bludgeoned to death, electrocuted, hanged, or boiled alive, says Pacelle. "In some parts of Asia there is still a belief that the more the dog suffers, the more adrenalin will be in their blood and the better the meat will taste," Pacelle says. In a bizarre twist, nearly all the farmers who kill dogs for market also have dogs as pets, says Parascandola. "Unfortunately people have a really strong capacity to rationalize their behaviors and separate it out in their own mind, the pet dogs and the meat dogs." The Humane Society International is working to save the lives of "meat dogs" in China, Indonesia, India, South Korea, and Vietnam. The governments in those countries are involved to some degree, with, for example, authorities in China even taking steps to limit the sale of dog meat at the controversial annual Yulin festival. Vendors this year will only be allowed to display up to two dog meat carcasses. Already hundreds of dogs have also been rescued by activists who were bound for slaughter at the festival, so there has been progress. "Humans domesticated dogs more than 30,000 years ago, and they have changed the fate of humanity. Is this how we repay them, by putting them on a butcher's block? The dog meat trade is an extraordinary abuse of the human-animal bond, "says Pacelle of HSUS. Signs of hope There is hope. More and more farmers want out of the business because of societal or family pressure, sympathy for the dogs, or because business isn't so great anymore, according to both HSI and HSUS. HSI is making deals with those farmers willing to try something new. It offers anywhere from $2,000 to $60,000 in grant money to the farmers to get them set up in a new field, like crop growing. The farmers must sign a contract in return vowing to leave the dog meat trade forever. Adam Parascandola has personally visited the meat farms and rescued dogs. "We have a couple that went into blueberries. We had another farmer who planted chili peppers," he says of the farmers who made the switch. Attitudes are changing throughout Asia. The trade has been banned in Hong Kong, Taiwan, the Philippines, and Thailand. Also, in South Korea, President Moon Jae-in would like to end the meat trade and is adopting a dog rescued from a meat farm. "Even five years ago we would never have had an open political discourse about the dog meat trade in South Korea so we are definitely seeing progress," says Pacelle. Of the 800-plus dogs that HSI has rescued, almost all of them have been adopted to loving homes in the United States, United Kingdom and Canada. "This is perhaps the biggest dog exploitation in the world today ... somebody has to stand up for them, and put a stop to this. If not us, then who?" Pacelle asks. When they're rescued, Adam Parascandola says some of the dogs are "extremely fearful. When you open the cage, most of them cower in the back." Gatsby Which brings me back to the picture of that adorable golden retriever in my text message last year. Two weeks after I first saw the photo, Golden Retrievals Rescue brought the dog to our home. As soon as he bounded out of the SUV and nearly knocked me over, I knew he wasn't leaving. That first lick of my face and I was sold! My husband and I were told he was about 18 months old and had probably spent most of his life in a cage in South Korea. He had no training and certainly didn't respond to commands in English. We agreed to keep him for the night as a "trial period." But a few hours into our home visit, a friend asked my husband, "How long before you know if the trial period is over?" My husband laughed and said, "Oh, it's over." This beautiful purebred golden retriever had found his forever home. We named him Gatsby. I won't tell you it was easy, because his adjustment at times was not. It took Gatsby many months to feel safe with us and trust that we weren't going to hurt him or abuse him. He had to learn how to walk on a leash and greet people politely. He still gets excited when he meets people because he wants them to pet him so badly, but he's also learned to "shake" (with his paw), which is always a hit with kids. He doesn't beg or bite and now even walks with us off leash. He is so loyal, and seems to have an endless supply of love and licks to give. He never leaves our side, and is truly living up to the Golden Retriever's reputation for being a "velcro dog." If I'm working on a laptop at home, he'll come and rest his head right on the keyboard. If I'm in bed, he has to jump up and "spoon" with me. And if I'm doing yoga, forget it, he flops down on my yoga mat as if to say this dog is more important than any downward dog I may be doing. The transformation has been truly incredible to see. A dog that was apparently raised in a cage to be somebody's dinner is now living on the beach in Florida, where he takes regular runs and plays in the ocean. A true rags-to-riches tale. I'm so thankful Gatsby came into our lives and that my eyes are now wide open to the dangers so many dogs face around the world. The commitment by the Humane Society, Linda Ripps at Golden Retrievals, and so many others working on behalf of these dogs is sure to make a difference. Still, as Wayne Pacelle from HSUS says, "we recognize that you simply can't rescue your way out of the problem." That's why the Humane Society is partnering with advocates and lawmakers on the ground "to help change policy and bring about meaningful and lasting change." Every day when I look at Gatsby's sweet face, I am so grateful to be the beneficiary of an amazing dog that so many worked so hard to save. If you'd like to learn more about dog meat farming, visit Wayne Pacelle's (President and CEO of The Humane Society) blog "A Humane Nation." | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
FAQ
Is placenta encapsulation safe?
Yes, Placenta encapsulation has been practiced by the Chinese for many years and is rapidly gaining momentum in the U.S.
How is it prepared?
The placenta is washed, dried, ground and encapsulated in a sterile environment.
How much does it cost?
$200 and that includes transporting, washing, storing and encapsulating.
What does it look like?
No, it doesn't look like blood, it is a brown powder once it is put in capsules. Honestly, you wouldn't even know it was a placenta pill unless it said on the bottle. If you can take any other pill you can take the placenta pill.
Does it smell?
Typically no, however, you might notice a light, earthy fragrance if you are really looking for one.
How many capsules do you get?
On average anywhere between 90-300 capsules. The size of the placenta depends on the size of the baby, so the bigger the baby the more placenta capsules.
You do get 10-15% more capsules from the raw preparation method.
Can you save the pills for future use?
Placenta capsules should be stored in the jar provided in a cool, dark place for up to a year, then transferred to a freezer for later use.
When storing them in the freezer they will last indefinitely, so you can save some for menopause!
What makes placenta pills so nutritious?
See the Why it's good section
What if I am Strep-B positive or have a uterine or placental infection and need antibiotics, will I still be able to use my placenta?
Strep-B, GBS infection requires that your placenta prepared in the TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) capsules. It is recommended that your placenta is steamed before encapsulation to ensure the bacteria from your invection is killed before dehydtrating your placenta.
If you have tested positive or are suspected to have a placental infection, we advise you do not consume your placenta.
What if I have a premature birth?
Premature births are often associated with problems in pregnancy. As long as your placenta is examined and cleared from any type of abnormality after birth your placenta is suitable for consumption.
I've heard that placenta is full of waste and may contain toxins, is this true?
Your placenta is life supply for your baby during pregnancy and if it were full of toxins this would make it a very dangerous, not life giving, organ for your baby to be fed from, therefore it is not possible for the placenta to be 'full of waste'. The placenta acted as a gateway for nutrient supply for your baby and waste from your baby to be passed back to your body to be filtered through your organs.
There are small amounts of heavy metals in the placenta, however, it is scientifically proven that these levels are no greater than normal levels of heavy metals found in the body and in mothers colostrum and breast milk.
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Hunters Hot Springs
Hunters Hot Springs (often stylized as Hunter's Hot Springs) are natural geothermal springs located in Lake County, Oregon, United States, 2 mi north of Lakeview. The springs are named after Harry Hunter, who bought the springs in 1923. The best known feature within the geothermal area is Old Perpetual, which is Oregon's only continuously erupting geyser. The geyser was formed as a result of a well drilling attempt while Hunter was developing a health resort at the springs.
Springs
The hot springs were discovered in 1832 by trappers from the Hudson's Bay Company, who noted in their journal that the water was unbearably hot. They are a small group of alkaline thermal springs in Lake County's Goose Lake Valley, 2 mi north of Lakeview. The temperature of the various springs ranges from 185 to 205 F. The spring water is alkaline with a high concentration of sulfate and other minerals. This environment supports large bacterial mats in the natural channels that drain the springs. As a result, the bacterial mat communities at the hot springs have been studied and analyzed by microbiologists from around the world.
Old Perpetual
The most striking feature at Hunters Hot Springs is a geyser named Old Perpetual. It once released a plume of 200 F water 50 to 60 ft into the air every 90 seconds. Because of its former regular and rapid eruption pattern, the geyser was one of Lake County's most popular tourist attractions.
The geyser, still heavily promoted by the local Chamber of Commerce as a "must see" destination, stopped erupting for several years after June 2009, possibly due in part to the nearby geothermal development by the Town of Lakeview to supply the Warner Creek Correctional Facility with water for heating. Proposed further development of the site for geothermal power generation purposes threaten the entire hot springs wetlands. , it seems to be regularly erupting again.
Resort
Hunters Hot Springs are named after Harry Hunter, a land developer from Minneapolis, Minnesota who visited the site in 1919 while on a tour of the western United States. In 1923, he purchased the 40 acre parcel that included the hot springs with the intention of developing a health resort. He began by organizing Hunter's Chlorine Hot Springs Club, a business established to develop the hot springs as a therapy, rest, and recuperation resort. The club's first president was H. A. Utley and the resort's general manager was Dr. H. G. Kelty.
As Hunter started to develop the site in 1923, he was not satisfied with the amount of hot water the springs produced naturally, so he had three wells drilled on the property. To his surprise, all three erupted as hot water geysers. Two of the geysers stopped erupting while Old Perpetual continued every 40 to 120 seconds, depending on the seasonal water table level, until 2009.
The original resort building was constructed in 1925. As soon as the facility was finished, Kelty moved his medical practice to the site. A second building was added in 1926. In 1929, Kelty joined four other doctors to open a medical clinic at the site. Together the doctors purchased the hot springs, club facilities and equipment. In November 1929, a restaurant was opened to support their clinic practice.
The clinic was sold in 1943. The new owners built a motel and cocktail lounge to complete the resort facilities. In the early 1990s, the outdoor pool was replaced and a racquetball court was added. New owners renovated the resort facilities again in 2000. Today, the resort operates a motel, lounge, and restaurant. The 104 F mineral pool is available to guests and the viewing area for Old Perpetual is open to the public.
Name
The springs have long been known as Hunter's Hot Springs, and locals still refer to them that way. The 2000 owner renamed the resort to Geyser Hot Springs, but the USGS only recognizes Hunters Hot Springs and the variant name Geyser Hunters Hot Springs. | WIKI |
Diet and Dark Circles: Foods to Eat and Avoid for Healthier Skin
Source: reemasdietandwellness.com
Dark circles under the eyes can be a common concern, affecting both men and women of all ages. While lack of sleep and genetics play a role, your diet can also significantly impact the appearance of these pesky under-eye shadows. In this article, we’ll explore the relationship between diet and dark circles and guide the foods to eat and avoid for healthier skin.
The Connection Between Diet and Dark Circles
Source: sog.com.sg
The connection between diet and dark circles is intricate and often underestimated. Your dietary choices can significantly influence the appearance of these under-eye shadows. Dehydration can lead to dry, less elastic skin, making them more prominent. Nutrient deficiencies, especially vitamins A, C, and K, can weaken the skin’s structure, exacerbating circles. Excess sodium can cause fluid retention, leading to puffiness that accentuates them. Moreover, food allergies or sensitivities can trigger inflammation, contributing to their development. To combat them, focus on a balanced diet rich in hydrating foods, essential nutrients, and antioxidants, while avoiding excessive sodium and allergens. Incorporating natural skin care brands can also complement your efforts in achieving healthier, radiant skin.
Foods to Eat for Healthier Skin and Fewer Dark Circles
Consuming the right foods can promote healthier skin and diminish appearance. Hydration is key, so drink plenty of water to keep your dermis plump and youthful. Incorporate a variety of fruits and vegetables loaded with vitamins and antioxidants, such as berries, citrus fruits, and leafy greens, to combat oxidative stress and enhance skin tone. Nuts and seeds, like almonds, walnuts, and flaxseeds, provide vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids, supporting skin hydration and elasticity. Lean protein sources, such as chicken, fish, tofu, and legumes, stimulate collagen production, crucial for skin health. Green tea’s antioxidants can reduce inflammation and improve blood circulation, potentially reducing dark circles’ visibility.
Foods to Avoid or Limit
Certain foods should be avoided or limited to maintain healthier skin and reduce the prominence. High-sodium foods, like processed snacks and canned soups, can lead to water retention and puffiness around the eyes, intensifying them. Caffeine and alcohol, found in coffee, tea, and alcoholic beverages, can dehydrate the body and dilate blood vessels, making it more noticeable. Excessive sugar consumption can trigger inflammation and exacerbate epidermis issues, so it’s best to opt for natural sweeteners when necessary. Some individuals may be sensitive to dairy, which can lead to dermis reactions, including dark circles, so consider dairy alternatives like almond or soy milk. Lastly, processed foods with artificial additives and preservatives can aggravate skin problems, so opt for whole, unprocessed options whenever possible. By being mindful of these dietary choices, you can better manage your skin’s health and minimize its appearance.
Conclusion
In conclusion, your diet plays a significant role in the health and appearance of your skin, including their presence under your eyes. By staying hydrated and focusing on a balanced diet rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and lean proteins while minimizing sodium, caffeine, and processed foods, you can improve your skin’s overall health and reduce the prominence of dark circles. Remember that individual responses to foods can vary, so pay attention to how your body reacts and adjust your diet accordingly to achieve healthier, more radiant skin. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Jesspan96/sandbox
Let's Talk TV: A Conversation with Canadians (Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86) was a regulatory process facilitated by the Canadian Radio-television Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) which resulted in major broadcasting changes in Canadian television. Prior to the release of Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86, the Commission invited Canadians to share their opinions on the future of television over three phases of information collection and online discussion.
Major provisions of the policy include the prohibition of 30-day cancellation policies, the establishment of new funding models, and the prohibition of simultaneous substitution during the Super Bowl. Media responses to the Let's Talk TV process were mixed, especially in regards to the decisions surrounding simultaneous substitution.
Stated Objective
On 24 October 2013, the Commission released Broadcasting Notice of Invitation 2013-563. The document stated that the CRTC was devoted to making sure “the Canadian television system delivers compelling and diverse programming in an age of digital technology marked by an abundance of channels and on-demand content”.
The Commission invited Canadian citizens to share feedback surrounding their views and experiences as content consumers and creators through three phases of information collection. The Broadcasting Notice of Invitation also stated that “Canadians are entitled to an open, diverse and affordable television system that is responsive and forward-looking”.
Participation and Information Collection
The CRTC launched Phase 1 of the Let's Talk TV conversation on 24 October 2013 by inviting Canadians to respond to the following questions:
“What do you think about what's on television?"
“What do you think about how you receive television programming?"
“Do you have enough information to make informed choices and seek solutions if you're not satisfied?"
The Commission encouraged Canadians to write, e-mail, fax, or phone in their personal views until 22 November 2013. Public discussion forums and online submission forms were created as avenues for discussion on the CRTC website. Additionally, the Commission provided information and tools for Canadians to hold their own volunteer-organized "Flash!" conferences to deliberate issues at a "grassroots level". Phase 1 of information collection through discussion forum comments, public interventions, and flash conferences continued from 24 October 2013 to 22 November 2013.
A quantitative telephone survey was conducted by Harris/Decima with 801 Canadian adults aged 18 years and older in December 2013.
During Phase 2, Canadians were invited to participate in the Choicebook, an interactive questionnaire available online and via paper copies provided by the Commission. Participants were asked to comment on scenarios that “reflect the realities Canadians face daily with respect to the television system”. The research was formally conducted by Hill+Knowlton Strategies and featured over 7,500 participants from its launch on 18 February 2014 to 14 March 2014.
Enactment
The Let’s Talk TV process was first launched on 24 October 2013 with the release of Broadcasting Notice of Invitation 2013-563. Following three phases of feedback collection, Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86 was enacted on 12 March 2015.
Resulting policies of the Broadcasting Notice of Invitation 2013-563 also include Broadcasting and Telecom Regulatory Policy 2014-576, Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-24, and Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-96. The CRTC acknowledges all decisions made in the aforementioned policies as part of the Let’s Talk TV regulatory process.
Framework
The overarching goals of the policy, as described by the Commission (presented below in bold), were structured under four categories.
Set the stage for innovative approaches: this category described the Commission's commitment to fostering an environment where the creation and promotion of Canadian programs is supported, as well as accessible by Canadian audiences.
Shift in emphasis from quantity to quality of Canadian programming: the Commission stated changes to Canadian programming regulation and funding would contribute to the production of compelling high-quality content.
Regulatory support for specific types of programming deemed to be public interest, but only where market failure is demonstrated: the Commission claimed eliminating current regulatory barriers would lead to the development of further program diversity, programming flexibility, and greater domestic competition.
A simplified and streamlined licensing process: amendments to the process of licensing broadcasters and programming services would reduce regulatory burden on the Commission.
Discoverability
The Broadcasting Act, initiated in 1991, established the policy objectives for the Canadian broadcasting system. One of the main objectives of the Act stated that the Canadian broadcasting system should provide “a wide range of programming that reflects Canadian attitudes, opinions, ideas, values and artistic creativity” in efforts to reflect the interests and circumstances of Canadian society.
The Commission stated that in Canada, viewers are able to access more content from international and domestic sources than ever before in the current on-demand environment. Hence, the promotion and accessibility of Canadian programming, or the ‘discoverability’ of Canadian programming, “will be critical to its success”.
To further discuss processes in which to enhance the visibility and discoverability of Canadian programming to both Canadian and international viewers, the Commission proposed a Discoverability Summit. The CRTC proposed the summit as a forum for government and industry stakeholders to discuss measures and approaches to making Canadian content discoverable, and indicated that the summit would take place during the fall of 2015.
The Discoverability Summit was held by the CRTC and the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) on 10 May 2016 and ended on 11 May 2016.
Pilot project funding models
The CRTC stated that a significant amount of Canadian programming is produced independently, and those independent producers rely on various measures of financial support such as program subsidies, tax credits, and private loans.
The Commission mandates broadcast distribution undertakings (BDUs) with more than 2,000 subscribers must contribute financially to the “creative sector”, which includes independent production funds and the Canada Media Fund (CMF). Between 2010 and 2014, the CMF contributed to the production of $4.8 billion in Canadian content (such as television programs and digital media applications), but in Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86 the Commission acknowledged that a more flexible funding system would lead to further improvements in the Canadian production sector.
Productions in Canada are certified as ‘Canadian’ by either the CRTC or the Department of Canadian Heritage through the Canadian Audio-Visual Certification Office (CAVCO). The process of determination is done through a “points system” based on the citizenship of the people involved in the production. Certified Canadian productions are eligible to apply for funding and tax credits.
In Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86, the Commission announced that it would be launching two pilot projects as part of its commitment to “consider more flexible and forward-looking approaches” to the production of future Canadian programming.
Pilot Project 1: The Commission and CAVCO would recognize “live-action drama/comedy productions based on the adaptation of best-selling, Canadian-authored novels” as Canadian.
Pilot Project 2: The Commission and CAVCO would recognize “live-action drama/comedy productions with a budget of at least $2 million/hour” as Canadian.
Additionally, criteria such as the hiring of a Canadian screenwriter, a Canadian lead performer, and a Canadian production company would have to be met for the aforementioned pilot projects to be certified as Canadian.
The Commission claimed that it would evaluate the success of the pilot projects after a period of at least three years.
Regulation for video-on-demand services
In Canada, video-on-demand (VOD) services that are packaged as part of a subscription to a BDU (i.e. Optik TV, Shaw on Demand) generally operate under a VOD license. Licensed VOD services are required to contribute to Canadian programming in various ways, including but not limited to: the requirement to list all new Canadian feature films in the feature film inventory, the payment of 100% of revenues from Canadian feature films to the Canadian rights holder, and the requirement to contribute 5% of gross annual revenues to an existing Canadian program production fund.
Canadian and non-Canadian online video services, on the other hand, operate as exempt undertakings under the Digital Media Exemption Order (DMEO). These services are commonly known as subscription-based video services and can be fully accessed independent of interacting with a BDU (i.e. Netflix, Hulu). Services under the DMEO are not subject to any requirements pertaining to the contribution of funding Canadian programming.
The Commission acknowledged in Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86 that the restrictions placed on VOD services, both traditional and online, might negatively impact future competition between Canadian VOD services and online video services. As such, the Commission established a third category of VOD services based on a “hybrid regulatory approach”.
The Commission stated that the new hybrid category of VOD services would have the ability to offer “exclusive programming” similar to video online services operating under the DMEO, as well as the ability to offer their service on a closed BDU network without the regulatory requirements that would be imposed on traditional VOD services. This new category of hybrid VOD services would be required to be accessible via the Internet by all Canadians, regardless of BDU subscription.
Simultaneous substitution
Simultaneous substitution occurs when a BDU temporarily replaces the signal of one television channel with that of another channel broadcasting the identical program at the same time. At the broadcaster’s request, Canadian BDUs such as cable and satellite providers perform simultaneous substitution to maximize audiences and advertising revenues for non-Canadian programs.
The Commission acknowledged in Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-25, a resulting policy initiated by the Let’s Talk TV process, that there may be a day in which simultaneous substitution will no longer need to be a practice carried out by BDUs. This is partly as a result of an increasing number of Canadians reporting frustration with quality of service errors that occur during the simultaneous substitution process.
As the Commission believed that certain BDUs were not meeting an appropriate level of service “as it relates to simultaneous substitution”, it was proposed that recurring, substantial simultaneous substitution errors could result in the BDU having to provide compensatory rebate to its customers, or losing the privilege to request simultaneous substitution for a period of time.
Furthermore, as a result of comments from Canadians that the non-Canadian (American) advertising produced for the Super Bowl was an “integral part of the special event programming”, the Commission mandated that BDUs would no longer be allowed to perform simultaneous substitution for the Super Bowl as of the end of the 2016 NFL season.
Entry-level service offerings
One of the CRTC’s main objectives, as described in the Broadcasting Act, is to maximize consumer choice by providing Canadians with a variety of programming sources and content. Prior to the decisions of Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86, the Commission mandated that certain “basic services” (i.e. local and regional television stations, provincial educational services) be provided by BDUs but the overall size or price of that service was left unregulated.
Many comments from Canadians over the three phases of information collection expressed that basic packages had become “too large and too costly”. Some Canadians questioned eliminating basic service packages altogether, while others suggested a $20-30 price cap on offerings.
Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-96 mandated that all licensed terrestrial and direct-to-home (DTH) distributors provide an entry-level service offering priced at no more than $25 (not including equipment) per month by no later than March 2016. The service offering was also required to be “promoted in a like manner to the distributor’s first-tier offering” and include all local and regional Canadian television stations and provincial or territorial educational services (as described under the Broadcasting Distribution Regulations).
The CRTC stated that it believed BDUs should be required to offer an entry-level service package that “prioritized Canadian services”—local Canadian stations and other services designated by the Commission under section 9(1)(h) of the Broadcasting Act, such as territorial educational services and community channels in one or both of the official languages.
Pick-and-pay packages
Following the Let’s Talk TV proceeding, a report presented by Harris/Decima stated 44% of respondents were not satisfied their the price of their television service and 71% of non-TV subscribers would consider subscribing to a television service provider if the packages were cheaper. The Commission found the results of the report to indicate that Canadian viewers felt disappointed and “restricted” by the service offerings from BDUs in regards to package choices and prices.
The Commission also stated that relying purely on market forces or BDUs to even out the prices through competitive pricing and incentives may have the potential to negatively impact future choice and flexibility in the television services market. The approach of prohibiting BDUs from offering services on a pick-and-pay basis was also rejected, as the Commission did not believe vertically-integrated BDUs would be properly incentivized to make such changes.
Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-96 mandated that by December 2016, all licensed BDUs would be required to offer all discretionary services on both a pick-and-pay basis as well as in entry-level service packages. The Commission stated that this policy would give Canadians the ability to “create their own value proposition” based on the television services they are interested in paying for.
Free over-the-air television
In Broadcasting Notice of Consultation 2014-190, the Commission invited Canadians to comment on their experiences with local television and over-the-air-transmission services in Canada. According to Numeris population estimates, 8.1% of Canadians access television services for free using over-the-air antennas even though 97% of Canadians live within the range of a transmitter.
Programming broadcasted on public airwaves is permitted by the CRTC so long as the conventional broadcasters broadcasting on public airwaves broadcast local Canadian programming. The Commission claimed that these requirements create jobs and professional development, and the programming developed is often independently-owned (which suggests that they may provide different perspectives to national programming).
During Phase 3 of information collection, it was reported that over 95% of commenters on the topic of over-the-air television “referred to the importance and value” of over-the-air transmission of local programming. Some comments argued that the ability to receive local news and programming inexpensively, or for free, is the only way some Canadians are able to access television.
In response to suggestions that Canadians were more prone to accessing content through the Internet rather than from watching conventional television, the Commission stated that recent audience data suggested that conventional stations continued to attract large audiences—indicating that conventional stations still play “a significant role” in Canadian society.
For these reasons, the Commission decided against orders to terminate over-the-air transmission through the shutdown of transmitters (as suggested by Bell and CBC). The Commission stated that should a BDU choose to shut down their transmitters of their own accord, they were free to do so, but then that BDU would no longer retain certain regulatory privileges as described in the Broadcasting Distribution Regulations.
No more 30-day cancellation policies
The Commission mandated that as of 23 January 2015, the practice of requiring customers to provide 30 days’ notice prior to cancelling their contract, otherwise known as “30-day cancellation policies”, would be prohibited for local voice services, Internet services, and broadcasting distribution services.
The Commission had previously prohibited 30-day cancellation policies in Telecom Regulatory Policy 2013-271 (the “Wireless Code” policy) as a measure to provide customers with the ability to maximize choice in a competitive marketplace.
The Commissioner for Complaints for Telecommunications Services (CCTS) reported in its 2012 Annual Report that 30-day cancellation policies accounted for 9.5% of all customer complaints, making it the third most common complaint issue from customers. The Harris/Decima report following the Let’s Talk TV proceeding concluded that only 54% were satisfied with their options in modifying or cancelling BDU services.
The new conduct policy expected of telecommunications and broadcasting distribution services stated that customers must be allowed to cancel their contract at any time, and that the service cancellation must “take effect on the day that the service provider receives notice of the cancellation”.
Simultaneous substitution ban
The CRTC’s decision to prohibit the practice of simultaneous substitution during Super Bowl games, while prompted by Canadian comments, was generally disapproved of by Canadian BDUs.
The removal of simultaneous substitution has been repeatedly argued against by both broadcasters and media agencies since the Commission announced its decision in 2015. Bob Reaume, VP Policy and Research for the Association of Canadian Advertisers (ACA), claimed he was “disappointed” and that this happened “at a time when advertisers in Canada have fewer opportunities to reach Canadian audiences”.
In August 2017, Bell Media and a group of organizations including the National Football League (NFL) and the ACA asked the CRTC to reconsider the ban. The CRTC rejected the appeal, which led Bell to take their appeal to the Federal Court of Appeal.
In its judgement released on 18 December 2017, the Federal Court of Appeal dismissed Bell Media’s appeal against the CRTC’s decision, refusing arguments that the CRTC was outside of its jurisdiction.
On 10 May 2018, the Supreme Court of Canada announced that it would hear appeals from Bell Canada and the NFL against the simultaneous substitution ban.
Google and Netflix Testimony
During the Let’s Talk TV hearings, the Commission asked Netflix and Google to share information in confidence about Canadian viewership and activity on their video-streaming services. Both Netflix and Google declined the CRTC’s request for information, questioning the CRTC’s jurisdiction over the matter.
In response, the CRTC Secretary-General, John Traversy, publicized a letter claiming that “large corporations cannot unilaterally decide which part of the evidence-gathering proceeding they want to participate in”, and effectively removed all of Google and Netflix’s submissions and oral arguments from the public record of the hearings.
Both companies stood by their decisions to withhold information from the Commission.
The decision by the CRTC to strike Netflix and Google’s presentations from the record was called “petulant” and “self-defeating” by Sean Kilpatrick of the Canadian Press. “The CRTC’s wrath seems futile”, Kilpatrick argued, “Some information is better than no information”.
Michael Geist, professor at University of Ottawa, stated that the Commission was “backing down” to “get out of a difficult situation”. Geist suggested that the CRTC might be able to get the courts to rule in their favour by giving the Broadcasting Act jurisdiction over online media, but a representative of the CRTC stated that they have “no immediate plans” to attempt to enforce compliance from online media companies like Netflix. | WIKI |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 123.djvu/2565
123STA T . 2 54 5 PUBLIC LA W 111 –8 4 —O CT. 28 , 2 0 0 9‘ ‘ (C)Adescript i on o f s u c hm i l it a r y- to-military contacts scheduled for the 12 -month period follo w in g the period co v ered b y the report and the plan for future contacts . ‘‘( D ) T he S ecretary ’ s assessment of the benefits the Chinese e x pect to gain from such military-to-military con- tacts. ‘‘( E ) The Secretary’s assessment of the benefits the Department of Defense expects to gain from such military- to-military contacts , and any concerns regarding such con- tacts. ‘‘( F ) The Secretary’s assessment of how such military- to-military contacts fit into the larger security relationship between the U nited States and the P eople’s R epublic of China. ‘‘(12) O ther military and security developments involving the People’s Republic of China that the Secretary of Defense considers relevant to United States national security.’’. (c) C ONF O RMI N G AM E N D MEN T . — Such section is further amended in the heading by stri k ing ‘‘ MIL I TARYPOWE RO F ’’ and inserting ‘‘MILITARY A NDS E CU RITY DE V ELOPMENTS INVOLVIN G ’’. (d) RE P E ALS .—Section 12 0 1 of the N ational Defense Authori z a- tion Act for Fiscal Y ear 2000 (Public L aw 10 6– 6 5; 11 3 Stat. 7 7 9 10 U.S.C. 16 8 note) is amended by striking subsections (e) and (f). (e) EFFE C TI V E DATE.— (1) I N GENERAL.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act, and shall apply with respect to reports re q uired to be submitted under subsection (a) of section 1202 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000, as so amended, on or after that date. (2) STRATEG Y AND U PDATES FOR MILITARY-TO-MILITARY CON- TACTS W IT H PEOPLE’S LI B ERATION ARMY.—The requirement to include the strategy described in paragraph (11)(A) of section 1202(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000, as so amended, in the report required to be sub- mitted under section 1202(a) of such Act, as so amended, shall apply with respect to the first report required to be submitted under section 1202(a) of such Act on or after the date of the enactment of this Act. The requirement to include updates to such strategy shall apply with respect to each subsequent report required to be submitted under section 1202(a) of such Act on or after the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC.1247 . R E PO R T O NIM P A CTS O FD RA W DOWN A U T H ORITIES ON THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. (a) REPORT RE Q UIRED.—The Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the H ouse of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate an annual report, in unclassified form but with a classified annex if necessary, on the impacts of drawdown authorities on the Department of Defense. The report required under this subsection shall be submitted concurrent with the budget submitted to Congress by the President pursuant to section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code. (b) ELEMENTS OF REPORT.—The report required under sub- section (a) shall contain the following elements
* Ap
p licab ili ty.10USC 11 3no t e . | WIKI |
Page:The orange-yellow diamond by Fletcher, J. S. (Joseph Smith).djvu/280
secretly warn the Bank of England about the bank-notes. But I had no expectation that Chang Li would try to negotiate those—all his energies, I knew, would be concentrated on the diamond. Nevertheless, he might try—and would, if he tried—succeed—in changing one note, and it was as well to take that precaution.
"Now then, next day, Purvis and I being, in our different ways, at work in the East End, we heard the news about the Praed Street tradesman, Parslett. That seemed to me remarkable proof of my theory. As the successive editions of the newspapers came out during that day, and next day, we learnt all about the Parslett affair. I saw through it at once. Parslett, being next-door neighbour to Daniel Multenius, had probably seen Chen Li—whom we now believed to have been the actual thief—slip away from Multenius's door, and, when the news of DanielsDaniel's [sic] death came out, had put two and two together, and, knowing where the Chinamen lived, had gone to the house in Maida Yale to blackmail them. I guessed what had happened then—Parslett, to quieten him for the moment, had been put off with fifty pounds in gold, and promised more—and he had also been skilfully poisoned in such a fashion that he would get safely away from the premises but die before he got home. And when he was safe away, Chang Li had murdered Chen Li, and made off. So—as I still think—all our theories were correct, and the only thing to do was to find Chang."
But here Levendale paused, glanced at Stephen Purvis, and spread out his hands with a gesture which indicated failure and disappointment. His glance moved from Stephen Purvis to the police officials. | WIKI |
Page:Webster's Revision Bible.djvu/850
aul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes our brother, 2 To the church of God which is at Corinth, to them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints, with all that in every place call upon the name of Jesus Christ our Lord, both theirs and ours: 3 Grace be to you, and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ. 4 I thank my God always on your behalf, for the grace of God which is given you by Jesus Christ; 5 That in every thing ye are enriched by him, in all utterance, and in all knowledge; 6 Even as the testimony of Christ was confirmed in you: 7 So that ye come behind in no gift; waiting for the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ: 8 Who shall also confirm you to the end, that ye may be blameless in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. 9 God is faithful, by whom ye were called to the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord. 10 Now I beseech you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you; but that ye be perfectly joined together in the same mind and in the same judgment. 11 For it hath been declared to me concerning you, my brethren, by them who are of the house of Chloe, that there are contentions among you. 12 Now this I say, that each one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. 13 Is Christ divided? was Paul crucified for you? or were ye baptized in the name of Paul? 14 I thank God that I baptized none of you, but Crispus and Gaius; 15 Lest any should say that I had baptized in my own name. 16 And I baptized also the household of Stephanas: besides, I know not whether I baptized any other. 17 For Christ hath not sent me to baptize, but to preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made of no effect. 18 For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but to us who are saved it is the power of God. 19 For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent. 20 Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world? 21 For when in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe. 22 For the Jews require a sign, and the Greeks seek wisdom: 23 But we preach Christ crucified, to the Jews a stumblingblock, and to the Greeks foolishness; 24 But to them who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God. 25 Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men. 26 For ye see your calling, brethren, that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called : 27 But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty; 28 And base things of the world, and things which are despised, hath God chosen, and things which are not, to bring to nought things that are: 29 That no flesh should glory in his presence. 30 But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who from God is made to us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption: 31 That, according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.
nd I, brethren, when I came to you, came not with excellency of speech or of wisdom, declaring to you the testimony of God. 2 For I determined not to know any | WIKI |
Cortisone as an oral drug is another common culprit (e.g. Prednisolone). Cortisone often causes weight gain in the long run, especially at higher doses (e.g. more than 5 mg Prednisolone per day). Unfortunately, cortisone is often an essential medication for those who are prescribed it, but the dose should be adjusted frequently so you don’t take more than you need. Asthma inhalers and other local cortisone treatments, like creams or nose sprays, hardly affect weight.
One major mistake many overweight people make is to mistake bodybuilding training - that which emphasizes weights over cardio - for a pure muscle building activity. While weight training does of course build muscle it also encourages fat loss, a fact lost of those who instead opt to run on the treadmill five days a week, burning a little fat, but losing much of their muscle size in the process. Cardio activity is something that should not be overlooked when aiming to lose body fat, but it is only half of the equation. Yet ask most people what the most effective method for burning body fat is and they will almost universally tell you that it is aerobic activity.
A new German study found that when you drink 17 ounces of water (about two glasses) within a certain time frame, your metabolic rate shoots up by about 30 percent. Using these results, they estimate that by increasing your current water intake by 1.5 liters a day, a person would burn an extra 17,400 calories a year, resulting in about a five-pound weight loss.
Basically, the effect of exercise on our weight is vastly overrated. That’s why it’s only number 15 on this list. There are other things you need to take care of first. It’s not a good idea to eat bad food, drink sugar water (so-called “sports drinks”) or be on medications which force you to exercise for hours daily just to compensate. Metaphorically that’s like digging a hole, into which you put your ladder, on which you stand and paint the basement-level windows of your house.
While it is technically correct that cardio activity will use fat to fuel energy output, this process usually only lasts as long as the session itself, and because we gradually adjust to certain levels of intensity the body increasingly resists shedding unwanted weight when routinely using this method: this is why varying one's cardio intensity levels is mandatory if we wish to optimize fat loss. Weight training, however, will work one's body much more intensely than most forms of cardio will, thus stimulating a greater metabolic response, which will ultimately lead to increased fat loss above and beyond that directly attributable to aerobic work.
With an increasing number of "amazing" new weight loss products and services hitting the marketplace daily it comes as no surprise that many who simply wish to lose their love handles without having to subscribe to the latest, often cripplingly expensive fad give up in sheer frustration, especially when said fads do not deliver on their "ripped abs in five minutes", "10 pounds lost in ten days" and "eat KFC all day and lose all the weight you want" promises. Sometimes, to achieve successful outcomes in any endeavor requires getting back to basics and doing what has worked successfully in the past for countless people.
Lunge to push-up -- With your feet hip-width apart, put your hands on your hip. Step forward with your right leg and lunge. Lean forward over your thigh and place your hands on the floor, over your right foot. Step foot backward so you are in a push-up position. After counting to ten, press up and return to lunge form. Switch legs and repeat for 10 reps.
Any molecules that don’t dissolve in water — like fat molecules — are called lipids. Most fats we eat are made of triglycerides and, molecularly speaking, triglycerides are made of three fatty acids (the yellow squiggle) bound to one glycerol i.e., the “backbone” of all lipids (the green oval). Those fatty acids can be used directly as an energy source by most tissues in the body which means… they’re important.
The main advantage of the low-carb diet is that it causes you to want to eat less. Even without counting calories most overweight people eat far fewer calories on low carb. Sugar and starch may increase your hunger, while avoiding them may decrease your appetite to an adequate level. If your body wants to have an appropriate number of calories you don’t need to bother counting them. Thus: Calories count, but you don’t need to count them.
If you ever needed an excuse to eat more avocados, this is it. People tend to steer clear of healthy fats when they're trying to lose weight, but they might just be the solution. Studies show that by simply adding some avocado to your lunch every day, it'll fill you up enough that you won't be mindlessly munching on junk food later. "Slice one in half, sprinkle a little sea salt, and eat the inside with a spoon," says Alexandra Samit, a Be Well Health Coach at Dr. Frank Lipman's Eleven Eleven Wellness Center in NYC.
Physical activity helps burn abdominal fat. “One of the biggest benefits of exercise is that you get a lot of bang for your buck on body composition,” Stewart says. Exercise seems to work off belly fat in particular because it reduces circulating levels of insulin—which would otherwise signal the body to hang on to fat—and causes the liver to use up fatty acids, especially those nearby visceral fat deposits, he says.
High in good bacteria, the benefits of yoghurt on gastrointestinal health have been said to provide health benefits for certain gastrointestinal conditions, including lactose intolerance, constipation, IBS, colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, and allergies. Look for the nutrition label and make sure no added sugar is used. Opt for Greek yoghurt varieties and use your own frozen berries and cinnamon to sweeten.
Putting your body in starvation mode makes it think it needs to store fat when it gets the chance, so as soon as you start eating again, that's what it does. It changes your metabolism and it's hard to get it back to normal. Not to mention, starving yourself is hazardous to your health. Food is required for things like basic organ function. You can honestly lose more weight more comfortably and keep it off for longer by just eating right. Check out a book called the Fast Metabolism Diet, it explains everything and I have seen it work for many people.
To prepare more food at home requires having more food at home. So start planning your shopping spree. “Fruits and vegetables should go on that list,” says Barke. These are hard to find at work, but consuming more of them will reduce your need for high-fat snacks. You may also want to purchase a small, portable cooler or insulation bag if you don’t have access to a refrigerator.
The sad truth is that conventional ideas – eat less, run more – do not work long term. Counting calories, exercising for hours every day and trying to ignore your hunger? That’s needless suffering and it wastes your time and precious willpower. It’s weight loss for masochists. Eventually almost everyone gives up. That’s why we have an obesity epidemic. Fortunately there’s a better way.
The GM diet and it’s unique diet plan help your to reduce close to 10-17 lbs in 7 days. Reducing weight is the primary goal, additionally with reduced weight comes the added benefit of feeling good, looking good all translating to a great experience. Not only does it improve the mental state and attitude of the person following the diet course, it also help you to cleanse and detoxify your body. Infact quite a few people follow the diet once every 6 months to cleanse and detoxify primarily rather that weight loss.
Figure out your workout schedule. If you were looking to change your lifestyle for the rest of ever, setting a workout schedule would be a little ridiculous. But since we're only talking the next week and a half, let's do it. This way you'll be forced to look at your next week, pick times, and stick to them. Because you know you have the time and availability!Aim for a workout almost every day. An hour is good, but 30 minutes will do. If you have to break it up, no problem! And if you "don't have time," make some. There is always room for health.
Getting enough decent sleep is also important to ensure a healthy hormone balance. Your body produces the most testosterone and growth hormone at night, which are key hormones for better body composition. Quality sleep also reduces the stress hormone called cortisol. When we’re sleep deprived, cortisol increases in order to keep your body running – but the result of this is lower ‘real’ energy, fatigue, food cravings and mental fog.
Yes, you read it right: The vast majority of the fat we eat — or that comes from our storage rooms (adipose tissue) — is converted into CO2 and lost in the air! The leftover weight is lost in the form of water via sweat, tears, urine, etc. In fact, almost everything we eat exits the body via CO2 and water — it’s only fiber that remains undigested and makes its way out your backend.
You must rotate your protein shakes by switching from brand to brand every two weeks. There are elements within the manufacturing process that create allergic reactions which are similar to the symptoms listed in the paragraph above. A great alternative to protein shakes between meals is the combination of 100 % MR and Muscle Synthesis as it provides excellent building blocks for new muscle without any ingredients that can cause allergies. Furthermore Muscle Synthesis will absorb quickly and muscles will utilize an unbelievable amount of amino acids which are 100% anabolic on arrival.
GM diet is a weight loss management plan developed by the General Motors Corporation to help keep their employees stay in shape. This diet system involves the consumption of specific foods per day, in contrast to weekly schedules like that of Atkins and South Beach diets. What started as an in-house program for individuals within the General Motors Corporation today has become a worldwide phenomenon. The GM diet plan has grown to be a popular diet plan over time has caught on and today has become very popular with people looking for a diet plan that works.
Try interval training. Cardio is good, but lately science is pointing the to fact that interval training is better. And it's quicker and more convenient to boot! Instead of jogging for 30 minutes, you do quick bursts of all-out runs for 30 seconds between periods of leisurely walking for 15 or 20. Why? It burns more calories and keeps your heart pumping; there's an afterburn effect, too![12]
Along with that, you will have to do some physical works to get reduced, start walking, then jogging then convert it into running, try to increase your stamina day by day. Do skipping, sit ups, push ups, aerobics, cycling, paddling (lightly, how much you can). Last but not least do YOGA. After following these you will be started feeling a sudden change in your body shape within 10 days, and if you want to get a better result, keep continue, Keep yourself in control, stay fit!
The popular Atkins Diet, for example, encourages one to load up on fatty foods at the expanse of carbohydrates, the theory being that the body will become programmed to burn fat as opposed to carbohydrates for energy, which will ultimately lead to a leaner physique. However, the lack of nutrients this diet offers, and that would be included when consuming a wide variety of food sources may, over time, lead to nutritional imbalances and poor health. Due to its limited food choices this diet is also boring for many people. Overall it appears that fad diets - so called become they usually fall out of favor quickly or become popular, depending on one's subjective view - are used to reach a specific target (such is the case, for example, with the "three day diet"): perhaps a new dress is to be worn for a special occasion and one only has a few weeks to lose enough weight to fit it.
Lunge to push-up -- With your feet hip-width apart, put your hands on your hip. Step forward with your right leg and lunge. Lean forward over your thigh and place your hands on the floor, over your right foot. Step foot backward so you are in a push-up position. After counting to ten, press up and return to lunge form. Switch legs and repeat for 10 reps.
Obviously, it’s still possible to lose weight on any diet – just eat fewer calories than you burn, right? The problem with this simplistic advice is that it ignores the elephant in the room: Hunger. Most people don’t like to “just eat less”, i.e. being hungry forever. That’s dieting for masochists. Sooner or later, a normal person will give up and eat, hence the prevalence of “yo-yo dieting”. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwPxWN41Z3Y
× | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Bluebird Gap
Bluebird Gap [elevation: 1240 ft] is a gap in Walker County, in the U.S. state of Georgia.
Bluebird Gap was named for Blue Bird, a local Native American. | WIKI |
C5H11O8P
The molecular formula C5H11O8P (molar mass: 230.11 g/mol, exact mass: 230.0192 u) may refer to:
* Ribulose 5-phosphate
* Ribose 5-phosphate
* Xylulose 5-phosphate (D-xylulose-5-P) | WIKI |
Patara (caste)
Patra or Patara is a caste found in the Odisha State of India. They are a synonym of Kapudia community, both are same by culture and profession.Some of them are the sebak of Lord Jagannath. They are like Brahmin caste but not Brahmins.Traditionally they are petty traders inside and outside of the village. They trade in cotton and silk yarn, vermilion, and sacred threads meant for various rites and rituals. They are also required to supply these materials to the village deity and also to the Hindu caste people of the village on various ceremonial such as religious occasions.
Social life
They have two sub-divisions named, 1-Aswini Patara and 2-Gaudia Patara. They used the surnames includes;Kundu, Kotual, Ash, Mohapatra,Behera, Guin, Patra, Paramanik,Naha, Tosh, Sahoo,Das,pal, Dalal etc but Mohapatra,Sahoo,Behera are little bit different from other titles because they are the sebak of Lord jagannath.The Raksha Bandhan is the major festival of Patara & Kapudia community, Other than Raksha Bandhan The religious festivals like Pana Sankranti, Kanak Durga Puja and Hara Gouri Puja are also associated with the people of Patara community.
Status
They are included in the Utkala Brahmin list in the state of Odisha and West Bengal. | WIKI |
Conservation Evidence strives to be as useful to conservationists as possible. Please take our survey to help the team improve our resource.
Providing evidence to improve practice
Individual study: Red kite Milvus milvus reintroductions to the UK are successful, evidence on corncrake Crex crex reintroductions is lacking
Published source details
Carter I. & Newbery P. (2004) Reintroduction as a tool for population recovery of farmland birds. Ibis, 146, 221-229
This study is summarised as evidence for the intervention(s) shown on the right. The icon shows which synopsis it is relevant to.
Release captive-bred individuals into the wild to restore or augment wild populations of rails Bird Conservation
A 2004 review of a corncrake Crex crex release programme in a wet grassland site in eastern England (Carter & Newbery 2004) found that only six chicks could be released into the wild in 2002 (due to predation in captivity), and that none was seen in the area the following year. From 140 eggs laid in 2003, 52 chicks were released during summer. Survival was apparently high, but data on overwinter survival and subsequent reproduction were not available. Captive birds were kept in a flock in autumn and winter and then paired off in the spring. Eggs were removed before hatching and incubated artificially. Once hatched, they were hand-fed until they could feed themselves and then released into a pen at the release site when ten days old before being released at 28 days old. This paper also discusses the translocation of red kites Milvus milvus to the UK, discussed in ‘Translocate individuals’.
Translocate raptors Bird Conservation
A 2004 review (Carter & Newbery 2004) of the same red kite Milvus milvus translocation programmes to the UK as in (3,4) found that the release of 518 subadult birds (between 69 and 103 at each site) between 1989 and 2004 resulted in the establishment of one population of at least 177 breeding pairs (from 93 birds released), four populations of between 16 and 35 breeding pairs and one population of just four pairs (90 birds released, beginning in 2001). Productivity in 2003 was comparable to other parts of their range (1.8-2.0 young/breeding pair) for all populations except the smallest (0.25 young/breeding pair). High mortality rates in the less successful sites are thought to be due to illegal poisoning. Birds were taken from large populations across Europe when 4-6 weeks old, kept in aviaries for a further eight weeks (with minimal human contact) and then released. This paper also discusses the release of captive-bred corncrakes Crex crex, discussed in ‘Release captive-bred individuals’.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
DC Heroes
DC Heroes is an out-of-print superhero role-playing game set in the DC Universe and published by Mayfair Games. Other than sharing the same licensed setting, DC Heroes is unrelated to the West End Games DC Universe or the more recent Green Ronin Publishing DC Adventures game.
DC Heroes was well received critically.
Gameplay
The game system in DC Heroes is sometimes called the Mayfair Exponential Game System (or MEGS). DC Heroes uses a logarithmic scale for character attributes. For example, a value of 3 is double a value of 2 and four times a value of 1. The scale allows characters of wildly different power levels to co-exist within the same game without one completely dominating a given area. For example, although Superman is many orders of magnitude stronger, Batman is capable of surviving a straight brawl with him for a short period. Conflicts are resolved using an Action Table and two ten-sided dice. The die-rolling system involves re-rolling any double result (the same number on both dice), so that any result is possible. Depending on the result on the Action Table, play moves to a Results Table to determine the degree of success if an action succeeds.
Characters have a set of Attributes, Powers, and Skills. Attributes are the nine qualities every character has. Powers and Skills reflect innate ability or training. Attributes are divided into three categories (Physical, Mental, and Spiritual) and three attribute types (Action, Effect, and Resistance). For example, when Superman punches someone, he uses Dexterity to see if he connects, Strength to see how hard he hits, and the opposing character's Body to see how much damage he did. The value of a Power usually serves as both Active Value (AV) and Effect Value (EV) resisted by the target's Resistance Value (RV). All actions taken, even against inanimate objects, use that system. For example, investigators use AV and EV against a RV to determine the quality of information their efforts gather.
Hero Points, which are used as experience points, can be spent during play to influence Action Table Results. Hero Points are also used in the creation of original characters. As in other points-based games, abilities cost a certain number of Hero Points to buy and improve. Because the power level of characters in the DC Universe varies, characters are built using varying amounts of Hero Points depending on the scale of the campaign.
Features
Some of DC Heroes design features include:
* A unified scale ("Attribute Points" or APs) measuring weight, distance, time, volume, money, and information. This allows for quickly evaluating the feasibility and impact of many actions, even at non-intuitive scales. For example, Strength in APs minus the weight of an object in APs is the APs of distance the character can throw that object.
* An exponential progression of Attributes Points—a score of 4 corresponds to twice the quantity of a score of 3, a score of 5 is twice as good as a score of 4 and thus four times as good as score of 3, etc. This rapid progression intends to handle both Superman and Jimmy Olsen without using huge numbers but without drowning the differences between characters.
* A 3×3 grid of physical, mental and mystical/social character stats expressing precision, force, and resilience in each area.
* Action resolution based on 2d10 (re-rolling doubles) and two universal tables.
* A list of broad advantages, drawbacks, and skills that covers most characters.
* A list of powers describing concrete effects rather than abstract game concepts and with a streamlined depiction of super-speed.
* A system of hero points spent by characters to enhance their actions. This expresses endurance, willpower, narrative immunity, luck, and/or story flow.
* A simple system of subplots formalizing character(s)-specific stories that run parallel to the main intrigue — romance, secret identity problems, day job matters, mysterious pasts, power complications, good or bad luck, and/or public image problems.
* A simple system of genre to change the texture of the game system depending upon whether players want Silver Age stories or Iron Age stories.
* Technological and magical inventions, social conflict, special tactics and combat maneuvers, improvised one-off use of powers, and other less distinctive subsystems.
History
Mayfair Games published the first edition in 1985. At the same time, DC released Crisis on Infinite Earths, which reshaped the DC universe. As a result, the game included both Silver Age and pre-Crisis writeups alongside new, post-Crisis write-ups.
Mayfair released a simplified version of DC Heroes called The Batman Role-Playing Game in 1989 to coincide with the Batman film.
The second edition of DC Heroes, published in 1989, was a boxed set which contained a "Read This First" introductory booklet, a "Rules Manual", an introductory adventure "Exposed", and a "Background/Roster Book" with game statistics for almost 250 DC characters. The set also contained the gamemaster's screen, an "Action Wheel" for resolving gameplay, two decks of cards with statistics for DC Comics characters, and dice. The rules incorporated material from the Batman Role-Playing Game and the Superman Sourcebook. These materials also included rules for advantages, drawbacks, and gadgetry. The third edition, published in 1993, further refined the rules and revamped the point costs of various abilities. Since the release coincided with the Death of Superman and Reign of the Supermen story arcs, it included ratings for the four variant versions of Superman from that story arc.
Blood of Heroes
Mayfair Games licensed the rights to the Mayfair Exponential Game System to another company, Pulsar Games, which later released the Blood of Heroes role-playing game without the license to use DC Comics' setting. New characters were created for the Blood of Heroes universe. The setting included with the game is a 1990s-style superhero world with occult and magical beings, which accounts for the more detailed magic system included in the game. A subsequent edition, Blood of Heroes: Special Edition, incorporated rule tweaks and much new material.
Reception
In the September 1985 edition of Dragon, Jeff Grubb found the rules of the first edition complex but well-written and well-presented, calling them "a very user-friendly set of rules that are enjoyable to read without making the reader lose track of what they are teaching". Grubb concluded that only experienced roleplayers were ready for this game: "This is the best product I have yet seen from Mayfair Games. But lest the point be lost, let's say it again: This is not an easy or an introductory game... Come into it with some background in role-playing".
In the Sept-Oct 1985 edition of Space Gamer (issue #76), Allen Varney reviewed the first edition, commenting that "at least the game survives its editing, and it turns out to be an innovating, thoughtful, respectable superhero RPG. Occasionally it's simplistic, but always by design. It is not realistic, but it closely simulated the unreality of the comics. This is a good game for superhero fans who are put off by the intricacy of Champions, the clumsiness of Villains and Vigilantes, and the juvenility of Marvel Super Heroes".
In the May 1986 edition of White Dwarf (issue #77), Marcus Rowland found the rules complex, saying that "new players won't find it so easy to use, but shouldn't find it totally incomprehensible". Rowland gave the game an above average overall rating of 8 out of 10.
Stewart Wieck reviewed DC Heroes Role-Playing Game for White Wolf #20, rating it 4 out of 5 overall, and stated that "I liked the DC Heroes game before, but I find this new version to be excellent. The care taken in the preparation of this game (excluding the adventure) is wonderful. DC Heroes also includes more high quality components than any game ever produced".
In the January 1991 edition of Dragon, Allen Varney reviewed the second edition of the game, and praised the revised rules, stating that the game "combines broad combat options with speed of play. It quantifies noncombat interaction, such as interrogation. Its AP system shows true ingenuity and, in the second edition, improved realism". However, Varney criticized the game's rules for building gadgets, saying that the second edition was "Mayfair's third try at gadgets, and the rules still don't work". Varney concluded his review with "if you find other superhero RPGs too slow or complex for your taste -- and if you don't mind one-table systems -- use the DC HEROES rules as a fast-paced superheroic combat system for your own campaign world".
Awards
DC Heroes RPG won the H.G. Wells Award for Best Roleplaying Rules of 1985.
Adventures
* An Element of Danger
* Don't Ask!
* Eternity Inc.
* In Hot Pursuit
* King of Crime
* Pawns of Time
* Who Watches the Watchmen? (DC Heroes)
Supplements
* Batman Sourcebook
* Legion of Super-Heroes Volume I | WIKI |
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sp_change_monitor_role
SQL Server 2000
Performs a role change on the log shipping monitor, setting the current secondary database a primary database.
Syntax
sp_change_monitor_role [ @primary_server = ] 'primary_server'
, [ @secondary_server = ] 'secondary_server'
, [ @database = ] 'secondary_database'
, [ @new_source = ] 'new_tlog_source_directory'
Arguments
[@primary_server =] 'primary_server'
Is the name of the primary server being replaced. primary_server is sysname, with no default.
[@secondary_server =] 'secondary_server'
Is the name of the secondary server being converted to a primary. secondary_server is sysname, with no default.
[@database =] 'secondary_database'
Is the name of the secondary database being converted to a primary. secondary_database is sysname, with no default.
[@new_source =] 'new_tlog_source_directory'
Is the path to the directory where the new primary server will dump its transaction logs. new_tlog_source_directory is nvarchar(128), with no default.
Return Code Values
None
Result Sets
None
Remarks
sp_change_monitor_role must be run on the instance of SQL Server marked as the log shipping monitor.
In order to complete a log shipping role change, you must perform several steps in addition to running this procedure. For more information, see How to set up and perform a log shipping role change (Transact-SQL).
Permissions
Only members of the sysadmin fixed server role can execute sp_change_monitor_role.
Examples
This example shows how to change the monitor to reflect a new primary database. Database 'db2' becomes the new primary database, and will dump its transaction logs to directory '\\newprisrv1\tlogs\'.
EXEC sp_change_monitor_role @primary_server = 'srv1',
@secondary_server = 'srv2'
@database = 'db2',
@new_source = '\\newprisrv1\tlogs\'
See Also
sp_change_primary_role
sp_change_secondary_role
sp_resolve_logins
Show:
© 2014 Microsoft | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Bridget McKenzie
Shit
I broke this page. Can someone help? Charlie Sanders (talk) 02:08, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
Travel expenses controversy
I have edited this passage which seems to be the subject of a bit of an edit war. There are two references, neither of which accuse McKenzie of unlawful actions or quote anyone doing so, nor any link between these circumstances and those of Mal Colston or Peter Slipper (which is not referenced at all). This is clearly inappropriate POV synthesis. --Canley (talk) 00:50, 18 December 2017 (UTC)
* The whole article is frankly crap at the moment. It's just one long controversy section. There's paragraphs on random minor issues and we don't even have a full sourced sentence on the fact that she's the deputy leader of the third largest political party in the country. Ivar the Boneful (talk) 15:18, 18 December 2017 (UTC)
* You're not wrong. McKenzie is a controversial figure and much of it is notable in some form, but the lack of much balance and that ridiculous lead section are a big problem. The Drover's Wife (talk) 19:42, 18 December 2017 (UTC)
Well done on the rewrite, for what it's worth. Much improved. The Drover's Wife (talk) 20:53, 18 December 2017 (UTC)
* Agreed, thanks for the rewrite, much better! --Canley (talk) 04:00, 19 December 2017 (UTC)
Semi-protect request (02/02/2020)
News is coming about this minister, with her resignation from her ministerial portfolio. We should semi-protect the article to stop vandals from non-confirmed edits. Tytrox (talk) 06:07, 2 February 2020 (UTC)
Update (27/10/2023)
I have updated this page to include a section on Bridget McKenzie's recent career in Opposition. Please reply with any thoughts or suggestions for improving these edits. Thanks Willw1193 (talk) 06:00, 27 October 2023 (UTC)
* A good idea to include that content. I have slightly modified it make a little more neutral. HiLo48 (talk) 07:00, 27 October 2023 (UTC)
* Thanks, I like those edits. Willw1193 (talk) 10:18, 27 October 2023 (UTC)
Update (20/11/2023)
I have expanded the 'In Opposition' section and created a dedicated 'Qantas Inquiry' subheading. The Qantas Inquiry has appeared (at least to me) McKenzie's highest profile activity since the Coalition lost government. As such, I am of the view that it should constitute a distinct section with its own subheading. Any suggestions for improvement are very welcome Willw1193 (talk) 23:28, 19 November 2023 (UTC)
Voice Referendum paragraph under Politics section
Should a section on McKenzie's opposition to the Voice be included under the Politics section? Currently this section concludes with the Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey which was conducted 7 years ago. Willw1193 (talk) 04:03, 29 January 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Arne (Thessaly)
Arne (Ἄρνη) was the chief city of the Aeolian Boeotians in ancient Thessaly, which was said to have derived its name from the mythological Arne, a daughter of Aeolus. The town was said to have been founded three generations before the Trojan War. According to Thucydides the Aeolian Boeotians were expelled from Arne by the Thessalians sixty years after the Trojan war, and settled in the country called Boeotia after them; but other writers, inverting the order of events, represent the Thessalian Arne as founded by Boeotians, who had been expelled from their country by the Pelasgians. Stephanus of Byzantium wrote that later Cierium occupied the site of Arne, which was accepted at least by William Smith, writing in the 19th century, and by the editors of the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World; others place Arne at a site nearby, but not at, Cierium. If Arne is Cierium, it is located at Pyrgos Kieriou (Πύργος Κιερίου), in the municipal unit of Arni, municipality of Sofades, periphery of Karditsa, Thessaly. Lund University's Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire, places Arne at Magoula Makria. | WIKI |
COLUMN-Commentary: A Ukraine economist on the perils of Trump's Putin policy
(Igor Kryvetskyi, a former member of parliament for the Svoboda Party, is a center-right policy reformer and economic analyst in Ukraine. The opinions expressed here are his own.) By Igor Kryvetski July 5 (Reuters) - Vladimir Putin is showing no signs of easing his hostile policy towards Ukraine. In recent comments to Austria’s ORF network and a nationwide phone-in on Russia TV channel Rossiya, he stressed that Russia will not return the annexed area of Crimea to Kiev – and warned that any attempt to recover areas of Ukraine’s Donbass will result in “dire consequences for Ukraine’s statehood.” Moscow is skillfully exploiting Western leaders’ divisions and disagreements on issues ranging from the U.S. withdrawal from the Iran nuclear accord, to the Nord Stream 2 gas project that will increase gas flow from Russia to Western Europe, to U.S. tariffs on its trading partners. In addition, Putin has fomented nationalism in Europe by supporting far-right parties; generated political tension through Russia’s interference in the 2016 U.S presidential election and allegedly made donations to prominent supporters of Britain’s Brexit campaign – all the while continuing to threaten and bully countries like Ukraine and Georgia. With U.S. President Donald Trump about to hold a summit with Putin on July 16, it’s become even more urgent for Europe and the United States to set aside their differences and muster the moral might and diplomatic vision to stop the Russian leader from dictating the future of Eastern Europe and the course of Western democracy. For Ukraine’s conservatives, the indifference shown by Western powers to Russia’s spiraling aggression is reminiscent of the pre-World War Two policy of appeasement employed against Nazi Germany. The same week that Putin made his hardline statements on Ukraine, Trump ignored opposition from other G7 leaders about his plans to meet Putin and the suggestion that Moscow should be readmitted to what was previously the G8. Since then, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has told the Senate Appropriations Committee that “trade-offs” could allow Moscow to rejoin the group without returning Crimea to Ukraine. Economic sanctions have been the West’s main leverage over Putin since the 2014 Crimea annexation. But as Russia’s economy benefits from the rise in commodity prices, the motivation for Putin to back down on Ukraine will diminish. Meanwhile, Western countries and companies continue to pursue energy deals that undermine their own security while simultaneously sending a contradictory message to Ukraine. Germany’s decision to support the controversial Nord Stream 2 project – which will allow Russia to re-route gas to Western Europe by bypassing Ukraine – ignores a long pattern of the Kremlin using its stranglehold on natural gas to get its own way. A recent arbitration ruling in Stockholm awarded Ukraine’s Naftogaz $2.56 billion in compensation for Russian energy giant Gazprom’s past decisions to cut Ukraine’s gas supply, leaving millions to freeze. Gazprom remains a U.S.-sanctioned entity, but Moscow is intensifying its lobbying for an end to sanctions. Trump, along with Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte, appears to believe that getting closer to Putin will strengthen the West’s hand. But if anything, the U.S. president has strengthened Russia’ negotiating position. As Moscow’s stance on Ukraine remains unchanged, it seems unlikely that the Trump-Putin summit will win concessions from the Kremlin. While German Chancellor Angela Merkel and other members of the G7 have stated that there can be no rapprochement with Russia until the question of Ukraine is resolved, the extent to which Germany can stand firm against Russia and Italy is now debatable. Meanwhile, German energy deals with Kremlin-owned gas companies amounts to tacit collusion with Russia, which effectively uses hybrid economic warfare to undermine Ukraine’s sovereignty. Merkel must back words with actions, particularly in respect to business with Russia. During a May meeting with Putin in Sochi, Merkel repeated her support for Nord Stream 2, but said that Germany wants Ukraine’s role as a transit country to continue. Billions of dollars in gas transit fees currently paid to Ukraine will be lost when the pipeline is complete, while trade rivalry between the United States and Europe may affect growing Ukrainian exports to the European Union. Meanwhile, Russia has limited access to the Ukrainian port of Mariupol, and the increasingly-tense Sea of Azov. The construction of a bridge across the Kerch Straits, which links the Russian mainland to Crimea, will cement Putin’s hold over the peninsula. The West must offer greater support to Kiev and real guarantees that anchor Ukraine in Euro-Atlantic structures. Ukraine surrendered its post-Soviet nuclear arsenal when it signed the 1994 Budapest Memorandum on assurances of security by the international community. As war persists in the country’s east, with limited Western support and access to arms, many Ukrainians feel betrayed. The West needs to offer practical steps to bolster Ukraine’s security and to strengthen economic sanctions, not lift them. There is a need for appropriate military assistance, and help to deflect cyber-warfare. The West should also review the conflict resolution mechanism of the Minsk-Normandy accord, which has neither brought peace to eastern Ukraine, nor altered Putin’s approach to Ukraine. Ukraine’s policy reforms since 2014 have been significant, but there is still a need to fight corruption and stimulate economic growth. Ukraine’s conservatives want a state built on national and European values – one that’s driven by a strong economy, independent institutions, and a tolerant civil society. As 2019 elections approach, the West can help to support transition from the quasi-plurality of past decades to true democracy, where voters really have their say. Ukraine understands the fragility of freedom. Brave Ukrainians lost their lives in the 2013-14 Revolution of Dignity that deposed the Russian-backed Viktor Yanukovich; over 10,000 soldiers and civilians have since been killed in the country’s east. The only way to honor their sacrifice is to build the pluralist, European democracy that they died to create. When Trump meets Putin in Helsinki, the U.S. president should realize that the transatlantic community has two clear options. It can bow to Putin’s tactics while simultaneously selling out Ukraine. Or it can refuse a dictator’s phony détente. (Reporting by Igor Kryvetskyi) | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
-- jtruk -- Greetz: -- ToBach, Pumpuli -- Catnip, Vurpo, -- Polynomial and Reality! -- (And You) (And You) local M=math local S,C,A=M.sin,M.cos,M.atan2 local ABS,PI=M.abs,M.pi local TAU,MIN,MAX=PI*2,M.min,M.max local R=M.random T=0 function TIC() local xc=120 local yc=35+S(T*.023)*10 local wob1=.15+S(T*.01)*.1 local wob2=.15+S(T*.015)*.1 local dy=30 local dy2=dy*2 local dx=140 local dx2=dx*2 vbank(0) cls(1) for y=-dy,dy do for x=-dx,dx do local c=2+((y+dy)/dy2)*13 local h=y*(.6+S(x*.02+T*.005)*.5) local xd=xc +x +y*wob2 local yd=yc +h +x*wob1 +S(x*.01+T*.04)*10 +S(x*.1+T*.2)*5 if(R()>0.85) then pix(xd,yd,c) end end end setAurRGBs() reflect() vbank(1) setRGB(1,0,0,0) elli(20,100,80,30,1) elli(-20,90,90,30,1) elli(220,110,80,30,1) elli(280,80,90,30,1) rect(0,102,240,40,0) reflect() print("jtruk",208,128,15) T=T+1 end function setAurRGBs() local cstops={ {i=0,r=255,g=0,b=0}, {i=5,r=0,g=255,b=0}, {i=9,r=255,g=0,b=255}, {i=13,r=0,g=0,b=255}, } local int=.5+S(T*.02)*.5 setRGB(0,0,0,0) local br,bg,bb=20,20,60 setRGB(1,br,bg,bb) local lc=nil for i,c in ipairs(cstops) do if i>1 then for ic=lc.i,c.i do local iv=i/15 local mul=int local p=1-((ic-lc.i)/(c.i-lc.i)) local r=lerp(p,lc.r,c.r)*mul local g=lerp(p,lc.g,c.g)*mul local b=lerp(p,lc.b,c.b)*mul r=r+br*(1-mul) g=g+bg*(1-mul) b=b+bb*(1-mul) setRGB(2+ic,r,g,b) end end lc=c end end function reflect() for y=0,35 do local dy=100+y local sy=100-y*2 memcpy(dy*120,sy*120,120) end end function lerp(p,v0,v1) local sp=v1-v0 return p*v0+(1-p)*v1 end function setRGB(i,r,g,b) local a=16320+i*3 poke(a,r) poke(a+1,g) poke(a+2,b) end | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Microbleeds in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes Trial: Stroke, mortality, and treatment interactions
on behalf of the SPS3 Trial Investigators
Producción científica: Articlerevisión exhaustiva
40 Citas (Scopus)
Resumen
Objective: To characterize cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in lacunar stroke patients in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) trial and to assess their relationship with recurrent stroke and death, and response to assigned treatment. Methods: SPS3 is a randomized, clinical trial conducted between 2003 and 2011. Patients with recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-documented lacunar infarcts were randomly assigned in a factorial design to target levels of systolic blood pressure (130–149mmHg vs <130mmHg; open label) and to antiplatelet treatment (aspirin/clopidogrel vs aspirin/placebo; double-blinded). The current analysis involves 1,278 trial participants who had a baseline axial T2*-weighted gradient echo MRI sequence allowing for CMB detection. Results: CMBs were present in 30% of 1,278 patients (mean age = 63 years). Male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–2.3), history of hypertension (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2–2.3), increased systolic blood pressure (1.2 per 20mmHg, 95% CI = 1.1–1.4), nondiabetic status (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.9), multiple old lacunar infarcts (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.5–2.5), and moderate (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2–2.3) or severe (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 3.0–5.9) white matter hyperintensities on MRI were independently associated with CMBs. During a mean follow-up of 3.3 years, overall stroke recurrence was 2.5% per patient-year. Patients with CMBs had an adjusted 2-fold increased risk of recurrent stroke (hazard ratio = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.4–3.1). CMBs were not a risk factor for death. There were no statistically significant interactions between CMBs and treatment assignments. Interpretation: Patients with lacunar stroke and CMBs likely harbor a more advanced form of cerebral small vessel disease in need of efficacious therapeutic strategies. Ann Neurol 2017;82:196–207.
Idioma originalEnglish (US)
Páginas (desde-hasta)196-207
Número de páginas12
PublicaciónAnnals of neurology
Volumen82
N.º2
DOI
EstadoPublished - ago 2017
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Clinical Neurology
• Neurology
Huella
Profundice en los temas de investigación de 'Microbleeds in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes Trial: Stroke, mortality, and treatment interactions'. En conjunto forman una huella única.
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How to Configure PHP to Use a Remote SMTP Server for Sending Mail
PHP makes it easy to send email from web applications
Messaging
Lasse Kristensen / Getty Images
PHP makes it easy to send mail from Web applications, but it needs a bit of configuration in php.ini to use a remote SMTP server.
The relevant section in php.ini for email configuration is mail function, and to make PHP use an external mail server, you must set SMTP to your ISP's mail server's address. This is the same address that you use in your email program for the outgoing mail server, "smtp.isp.net," for example. The other setting is sendmail_from, which specifies the default email address PHP emails are sent from.
Configure PHP to Use a Remote SMTP Server for Sending Mail
Setting up the internal mail function to use SMTP is only available on Windows. On other platforms, PHP should use the locally available sendmail or sendmail drop-in just fine. Alternatively, you can use the PEAR Mail Package.
A typical configuration looks like this:
[mail function]
SMTP = smtp.isp.net
sendmail_from = me@isp.net | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Category:Ethiopian clothing
This category describes traditional and historic Ethiopian clothing. Modern Ethiopian clothing should be categorised under Ethiopian fashion or Clothing companies of Ethiopia | WIKI |
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, Conduction System Pacing | TGH
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) & Conduction System Pacing
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and conduction system pacing are two techniques used to treat patients with advanced heart failure, a condition in which the heart isn’t pumping as forcefully as it should. CRT and conduction system pacing implant electronic devices that help the heart have a more balanced heart rhythm to improve cardiac function and reduce symptoms, like shortness of breath.
Conditions Treated
CRT and conduction system pacing isn’t the appropriate treatment for everyone with heart failure. Those with an ejection fraction (a measurement of how much blood is being pumped out of the heart’s left ventricle) under 35% may be eligible along with patients who:
• Are experiencing severe heart failure symptoms, such as shortness of breath, swelling, dizziness or fainting
• Have a history of cardiac arrest or are at increased risk
• Take medications for heart failure
• Have delayed electrical activation of the heart
Treatment Details
Tampa General Hospital’s Heart & Vascular Institute features some of the most skilled electrophysiologists in the nation who provide world-class care for even the most complex heart failure cases. At our state-of-the-art facility, we provide:
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)
CRT uses biventricular pacemakers (BVP), which send electrical signals to the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) to trigger them to contract, therefore improving the heart’s pumping mechanism. The BVP device has multiple leads (wires that send electrical signals) that are positioned in both ventricles and the right atrium (upper chamber of the heart). If the patient’s heart rate drops below a certain rate (as programmed by the electrophysiologist), the BVP will fire off an electrical signal to instruct the ventricles to contract.
Conduction System Pacing
TGH is one of only five centers in the United States to offer conduction system pacing as an alternative to CRT. It’s an innovative technology that uses an electronic device to directly stimulate the conduction system of the heart. More specifically, it stimulates the bundle of His, which is a group of fibers that carries electrical impulses to the ventricles of the heart. In some instances, the device can become even further focused with its stimulation by directly triggering the left section of the bundle of His. This method entails implanting leads within the ventricular septum via the right ventricle. Studies have shown that conduction system pacing can deliver more effective ventricular resynchronization than CRT, leading to improved outcomes for heart failure patients.
What to Expect
After the implantation procedure, expect to stay in the hospital overnight so that you can be closely monitored. Typically, you’ll be placed on a telemetry monitor and/or a Holter monitor, both of which measures heart rhythm. Before you are discharged from the hospital, you may need to receive an echocardiogram to evaluate your heart function. Your electrophysiologist will also program your device to its appropriate settings.
Effectiveness
CRT and conduction system pacing are currently the only known therapies for heart failure that improve cardiac function, exercise ability and mortality while decreasing hospitalizations.
TGH’s Electrophysiology Center of Excellence is a leader in CRT and conduction system pacing. Led by world-renowned electrophysiologists who have participated in several revolutionary clinical trials on the impact of resynchronization and conduction system pacing, the center is committed to delivering a multidisciplinary approach for patients with advanced heart failure.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
May 18, 2013
Three key things to know about moving MySQL into the cloud.
The question “what problems will I have when migrating to the cloud” gets asked often enough. If by cloud you mean Amazon EC2, then from a technical perspective there isn’t much that changes. The biggest thing that changes is just how you pay your bill.
Having said that, there’s still a few potential gotchas:
1. There are no Virtual IP addresses. Most High Availability tools (like MMM or DRBD+Heartbeat)
work on the principal of having a floating IP address which is used for the application to connect to the current master. With EC2, you can’t do this.
2. There’s no customization of the memory. The maximum amount of memory you can have is 15GB, so some users with larger working sets may find this a limitation. If you look at the Dell online store, it costs $2094 to upgrade an R900 from 4G memory to 64G (or $4378 to upgrade to 128G) which justifies that some problems are best solved by just throwing memory at them. With EC2, you can’t do this.
3. Even the largest instance types have slow disks. Related to the point above – you can’t change the disks either. Both software RAID striping the internal disks on an extra large EC2 instance or using striped EBS volumes is still going to be slower than a good RAID 10 controller with a battery backed write cache.
If you can live with these three things, then hopefully your migration should work smoothly. If you can’t free yourself from these limitations, then perhaps you should either look at a cloud hosting provider that can host non-virtualized servers for you in the same data center, or hold tight for the moment.
About Morgan Tocker
Morgan is the Director of Training at Percona. He was formerly a Technical Instructor for MySQL and Sun Microsystems. He has also previously worked in the MySQL Support Team, and provided DRBD support.
Comments
1. peter says:
Morgan,
It is good to think about solutions. For example for lack of Virtual IPs I trust you can do some stuff with DNS or by installing local proxy on the web server which is responsible for routing. Though it is not as simple and as reliable.
Lack of customization is generally concern. You mention disks but this is basically everything – you get only specific types of instances available which you have to deal with. Though I think this is really the point beyond the cloud. If you can have any configuration you want it is far from Utility computing. The applications best designed for the cloud should be scalable by using number of such “units”.
The thing here is – many people do not have applications which are designed for the cloud. They run them on the cloud because this is easy to use no commitment hosting.
There are two more important things I’d mention
1) Virtualization Overhead. It may be relatively low or can be ver large depending on the workload. Need to keep it into account.
2) Shared Infrastructure. A lot of issues I’ve seen come from the fact the network and storage are shared so the performance is not as consistent as with dedicated setup. For example if I have 2 servers connected 1Gb via switch I know I can push some 100MB/sec between them in single direction. It is always the same which makes it easy to do the sizing etc. In case of cloud computing it is much more complicated.
2. Fanzie says:
I think Rackspace offer cloud offering and managed hosting.
3. Trent Hornibrook says:
G’day,
Mosso or Rackspacecould or whatever its called now (It was mosso when I worked for the Rack in UK) is same in terms of limitations to private ips.
So I guess the cloud is only useful for databases when you’re problem is CPU bound, that can be solved by adding additional replicas when necessary?
The company that I’m not working for did a feasibility test on using EC2 as a DR solution; if only EC2 had an SLA on actually being able to power on instances….
Trent
4. Morgan Tocker says:
@Trent: Do you know if Mosso/Rackspacecloud can sit in the same data center as dedicated servers? It would be interesting to run non-virtualized database servers alongside a set of virtualized servers.
5. Trent Hornibrook says:
@Morgan
I’m not sure; when I left the Rack they were looking to acquire slicehort. Their main US DC is ‘DFW’ dallas fort worth which is where mailtrust is at and where all new managed configurations in the US are being popped.
That said, I know by default all managed hosting customers only get 100Mb/s swithces unless you pay the gE premium though again this is something that may have changed since I left.
– Trent
6. Nicholas O'Neil says:
Hi
I was reviewing the discussion and wanted to share a slightly different solution to cloud computing. Most cloud offerings out there with all the benefits of cloud are shared. While that may not mean much it gets into the topics of compliance, security and performance. The alternative is ‘private cloud’ and what exactly is the difference. My company specializes in private cloud solutions. We approach hosting a bit differently. We don’t have package solutions but rather we like to get into your shoes find out how things work, what your doing and develop a HA solution from scratch.
Take a look at a article regarding our ‘private cloud’ from eWEEK
http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Cloud-Computing/Logicworks-Offers-Private-Cloud-Service-586768/
In addition since i want to stay on topic for MySQL
http://www.logicworks.net/news/2008/logicworks-becomes-first-authorized-mysql-platinum-hosting-partner-us
I’m interested in making connections, finding out what people are doing out there with their technology solutions. Add me to LinkedIn, i work out of New York City.
I’m a techie however I build introductions for companies and consultants who are looking for enterprise HA solutions.
Nicholas O’Neil, noneil@logicworks.net, (212) 625-5359
Enterprise Solutions Manager MCSA/MCSE/MCTS:SQL,+Messaging
Visit us @ http://www.logicworks.net
155 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10013
LinkedIn @ http://www.linkedin.com/in/noneil
7. Guy Rosen says:
MySQL on EC2 is not to be taken lightly… with EC2′s incredible features comes a barrel of quirks. We benchmarked how well MySQL performs on Amazon EC2 and are sharing our findings in a series of blog posts. I thought it might be of interest to the community here. Our first post shares an incredible finding on how Amazon’s hardware variations can make a significant difference in the results you get!
The blog post is here: http://www.infibase.com/blog/2009/07/mysql-on-amazon-ec2-part-1/
8. chillyzhosting says:
Cloud hosting literally means your website is served on a web server cluster with many, many web servers handling all of your visitors. Our hosting platform grows and expands automatically as needed… instantly.
9. That may be possible with webservers, but it’s never going to happen with MySQL servers.
10. Why do you say that, Morgan? Given a master/slave configuration, it should be possible to spin up new slave instances fairly easily. Take a snapshot of an existing slave volume, fire up a new MySQL instance with a volume created from that snapshot, point it at the master, and it should be ready for action in very short order. Stick a smart proxy in front of your MySQL cluster, and it can point queries at whatever slave instance is least busy (or just round-robin it). When demand drops below a certain threshold, just terminate one of the slave instances.
Am I missing something?
Earl
11. Earl – it may be possible, but the effort for MySQL to get to that point is *massive*. Take for example master/slave replication:
1) It doesn’t scale writes (at all).
2) It relies on you having complete duplication of contents on all nodes – so a replication slave with a large working set won’t work. Since I wrote this article the maximum memory/node has moved up to 68.4 GB, but it will cost you $2.40/hour ($1700/month). I can buy a Dell R900 in only a few months at that rate ;)
Speak Your Mind
*
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
How do I remove time dependencies on the dhtmlx scheduler?
Hi guys,
I’m working on a project where I am to develop a chart that displays “requirements” or “to-do” objects. The main requirements for the spec is that it is time independent and I have only removed the time axis using some css. Is there any configuration method or options that allows me to cleanly remove the time dependencies for the entire chart/scheduler? Thanks!
Hi,
do you have some kind of mockup of how it should look? However, since you don’t need the data items to be associated with date/time and displayed accordingly, probably the scheduler is not the best suited component for your app? Have you considered other data presentation components for example dhtmlxDataView
dhtmlx.com/docs/products/dhtmlxDataView/
Thanks for the fast response,
The dhtmlxScheduler is probably the best for what I need because I still need to display the “requirements” based on the date, excluding the time (e.g. 28th October 2015 - 31st October 2015). It should show these events for those days in the range, but should not depend on the time of the event in which it can be “sorted” in any logic, rather than earliest to latest time.
Is there any way to remove this time dependency and only provide a date (“day-month-year”) dependency for the entire scheduler?
Attached is a screencap of what I’m trying to implement using the dhtmlxScheduler API.
Cheers!
You can disable display of events time part and time pickers in the details form,
docs.dhtmlx.com/scheduler/snippet/7436b728
Check these topics for links to related docs
viewtopic.php?f=6&t=34714&p=109405&hilit=one+date+in+lightbox#p109405
viewtopic.php?f=6&t=40681&p=125350&hilit=hide+time#p125350
Thanks, this helps. Is there a way to remove or hide the y-axis that displays the time for both the week and day views? I want to display the requirements/events without having to depend on time, right now I am parsing in the data to the scheduler by 1 hour increments to display them without breaking. :confused:
How do you want display events in day/week views without a time scale? Do you mean they should be stacked within vertical day columns?
There is no trivial way to modify built-in daily views that way, but you can check following ones:
docs.dhtmlx.com/scheduler/agenda_view.html
docs.dhtmlx.com/scheduler/weekagenda_view.html
docs.dhtmlx.com/scheduler/grid_view.html
If none of these fits, the only solution would be to implement a custom view in order to display events as you want them to. Here are some details
viewtopic.php?f=6&t=39258&p=122778&hilit=full+custom+view#p122778 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Absolutely! You can certainly use NVIDIA graphics card with AMD processor.
You are watching: Can you use an nvidia card with an amd cpu
As far as the compatibility goes, it wouldn’t matter whether you choose an AMD or an Intel CPU for your NVIDIA graphics card.
Building PC can be a bit daunting in the beginning. There are so many things to consider from PCIe lanes to CPU cores.
Therefore, it is quite reasonable for a person to ask if they can use an NVIDIA GPUs with AMD processors given the fact that NVIDIA and AMD are both rivals in the GPU market.
For those of you who are not aware, AMD manufacturers both CPUs AND GPUs. In the CPU market they are a direct competitor to Intel and in the GPU market they are a direct competitor to NVIDIA.
It is absolutely phenomenal for AMD to take on two of the most technologically advanced rivals in the market, yet AMD has shown profound results over time.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The Confusion
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A budget motherboard often has a single x16 – 16 lanes slot (top) for GPU and another x16 – 4 lanes slot (bottom). This can be used for and extra AMD Graphics Card.A graphics card generally takes up 16 PCIe lanes ideally. All motherboards have a dedicated PCIe x16 slot for installing a GPU.
However when it comes to a dual GPU build, AMD motherboards in the budget range, often offer an EXTRA x4 slot as well.
AMD GPUs can run on an x4 slot, the NVIDIA GPUs cannot. NVIDIA requires at least an x8 slot.
So in short, if you ever want a dual GPU build on a budget AMD motherboard, the AMD CPU + DUAL AMD GPUs would be a better option.
Also Read:
Final Words
In short, if you are wondering can you use NVIDIA Graphics Card with AMD processor, the simplest answer is a resounding yes.
See more: Do You Know How Do You Say Long In Spanish, How To Say Very Long In Spanish
There is absolutely no issue with using the two together granted that the rest of the system including the slots, PSU, motherboard and the driver are all good. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Paid Notice: Deaths EHRLICH, MARTIN
EHRLICH - Martin. Died peacefully at home on December 6, after a valliant battle with cancer. He is survived by his brother and sister-in-law, Avi and Miriam Ariel of Houston, TX, nieces Tali (Joseph) Navon of Houston and Zora Ariel Lepofsky of Toronto, nephew Tuval Ariel of New York and several great nieces and nephews. A long standing member of New York's travel agent community, his talents were legendary. He will be greatly missed by his family, friends and devoted clients. A memorial service will be announced shortly. Donations in his memory may be made to Gilda's Club (888-445-3248) or the Hetrick Martin Institute (212-674-2400). | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Lent, in the Christian church, a period of penitential preparation for Easter. In Western churches it begins on Ash Wednesday, six and a half weeks before Easter, and provides for a 40-day fast (Sundays are excluded), in imitation of Jesus Christ’s fasting in the wilderness before he began his public ministry. In Eastern churches Lent begins on the Monday of the seventh week before Easter and ends on the Friday that is nine days before Easter. This 40-day “Great Lent” includes Saturdays and Sundays as relaxed fast days.
A period of preparation and fasting likely has been observed before the Easter festival since apostolic times, though the practice was not formalized until the First Council of Nicaea in 325 ce. It was a time of preparation of candidates for baptism and a time of penance for grievous sinners who were excluded from Communion and were preparing for their restoration. As a sign of their penitence, they wore sackcloth and were sprinkled with ashes. This form of public penance began to die out in the 9th century, and it became customary for all the faithful to be reminded of the need for penitence by receiving an imposition of ashes on their foreheads on the first day of Lent—hence the name Ash Wednesday.
In the early centuries, fasting rules were strict, as they still are in Eastern churches. One meal a day was allowed in the evening, and meat, fish, eggs, and butter were forbidden. The Eastern church also restricts the use of wine, oil, and dairy products. In the West these fasting rules have gradually been relaxed. The strict law of fasting among Roman Catholics was dispensed with during World War II, and only Ash Wednesday and Good Friday are now kept as Lenten fast days. However, the emphasis on penitential practice and almsgiving remains, and many Catholics also observe a meatless fast on Fridays during Lent. In addition, Catholics and other Christians often choose to give up specific pleasures, such as sweets, alcohol, or social media, during Lent as a way to foster simplicity and self-control; many use their cravings or desires for these items as a reminder to pray and to refocus on spiritual matters.
In the Anglican churches The Book of Common Prayer prescribes that Lent be observed with fasting. In Lutheran and many other Protestant churches, Lent is observed with various services and practices, though Lent is not formally observed in many Evangelical or nondenominational churches. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Linda L. PEREZ, Plaintiff, v. COLWELL SYSTEMS, DIVISION OF DELUXE CORPORATION, Defendant.
No. 96-2262.
United States District Court, C.D. Illinois, Urbana Division.
Oct. 22, 1999.
Matthew S. Hendricks, Lonnie Renda, Johnson Frank Frederick & Walsh, Urba-na, IL, Traci E. Nally, Deborah Frank Feinen, Nally Haasis & Bauer, Cham-paign, IL, for Linda L Perez, Plaintiff.
Richard P. Klaus, Heyl Royster Voelker & Allen, Urbana, IL, for Colwell Systems, Division of Deluxe Corporation, Defendant.
ORDER
BERNTHAL, United States Magistrate Judge.
In November 1996, Plaintiff, Linda L. Perez, filed a Complaint (# 1) against Defendant, Colwell Systems (hereinafter “Colwell”), alleging that Colwell had discriminated against her on the basis of age, in violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (hereinafter “ADEA”) (29 U.S.C. §§ 621-634) and the Equal Pay Act of 1963 (29 U.S.C. § 206(d)). In September 1999, Plaintiff filed a First Amended Complaint (#49), alleging only that Colwell discriminated against her based on the ADEA. In September 1999, Defendant filed a Motion for Summary Judgment (# 45). After reviewing the pleadings and record, this Court GRANTS Defendant’s motion.
I. Background
Colwell is a division of Deluxe Corporation with branch facilities in Champaign, Illinois, Shoreview, Minnesota, and Colorado Springs, Colorado. The Minnesota and Colorado facilities print checks and business forms and the Champaign facihty produces health care forms. (Sweeney Dep., pp. 6, 116.) Plaintiff was employed at the Champaign facihty.
In late 1994 and 1995, Colwell planned and instituted a major restructuring (called the Customer Fulfillment System or CFS initiative) to change the organizational structure and business systems of the call centers in Colorado, Minnesota, and Champaign. (Sweeney Dep., pp. 7-8, Rawson Dep., p. 26.) The new technology was originally scheduled to be implemented in April 1995 at the Champaign facihty. (Azman Dep., p. 42.)
In late 1994, Mike Rawson, the customer satisfaction manager at the Minnesota facihty, hired Laura Sapp for the new position of customer satisfaction coordinator at the Champaign facihty. (Rawson Dep., p. 34.) He followed the same procedure that he had used to hire employees in the other facilities. (Rawson Dep., p. 35.) Sapp worked for him in his department but remained at the Champaign facihty. (Rawson Dep., p. 38.) The customer satisfaction coordinator’s job was to develop strategies that would help Colwell improve its interactions with customers. (Rawson Dep., pp. 36-37.) While working as customer satisfaction coordinator, Sapp also performed tasks that were outside her normal job description. (Rawson Dep., p. 37.) For example, she performed the duties of Gayle Bauer, one of the managers, while Bauer was on maternity leave.
Prior to the reorganization, Larry Sweeney managed the Order Processing & Graphic Design division at the Champaign facihty, which consisted of six to seven department managers and approximately 75-100 employees. Jack Schlickting managed Champaign’s Sales division, which consisted of seven to eight department managers and approximately 90-100 employees. These two divisions were involved in processing orders. In the Sales division, employees in the telesales department looked up information for customers who phoned in; they then created a handwritten order form. That form was sent to the Order Processing & Graphic Design division where it was processed by a data entry group (the OEP department). (Rawson Dep., p. 19.) Plaintiff managed the Champaign OEP department from September 1994 to April 1995.
The CFS initiative involved changing this procedure for handling sales to customers based on a new computer system and organization that would allow one person to perform both telephone sales/customer service and order processing. (Rawson Dep., p. 16). With the assistance of new technology, an employee would be able to talk to a customer on the telephone and enter data directly into the computer at the time of the telephone conversation. (Rawson Dep., p. 19.) The planned reorganization affected both the OEP department and the telesales department by consolidating them into a customer service division, called the Customer Management Center (hereinafter CMC), which Sweeney was selected to Manage. (Nice Dep., p. 8, Sweeney Dep., p. 8.) As a result of the planned reorganization, order processing would no longer exist as a separate department; it would be merged with telesales and the new technology would perform the order processing. (Azman Dep., p. 107.)
The changes in technology and organizational structure created new job requirements and needs that effectively reduced the number of available jobs. (Rawson Dep., p. 26.) Telesales skills were considered more valuable than order processing skills after the reorganization. (Sweeney Dep., pp. 34-35.) Based on estimates of the new technology’s effect, Colwell undertook a reduction in force (hereinafter RIF), intending to decrease the number of employees from a total of 13 managers and 165-200 employees in the former telesales and order processing areas to seven team leaders and 75-100 employees in the newly created CMC. Colwell started the RIF with the managers in telesales and order processing. (Nice Dep., p. 13.) The 13 managers were informed that their jobs had been eliminated and they all had an opportunity to apply for the team leader positions. (Nice Dep., pp. 16-17.)
The new team leaders were selected from the 13 employees who had previously worked as managers in the two former divisions. In January 1995, seven of the 13 former managers were rehired to be team leaders in the CMC and one was hired in the (separate) Sales Development & Training division. The five managers not rehired as team leaders included Plaintiff, Lucy Stauffer, Wilma Woodrum, June Brooks, and Carol Wagner. Sweeney told these five employees that their employment would be terminated in April 1995 unless they were hired by another department. (Ex. E, # 6-7.) Of this group, Brooks and Wagner subsequently found positions as department managers in another part of the company. (Nice Dep., Ex. G, # 5.)
In January 1995, when Sweeney told Plaintiff that she had not been hired as a team leader, he asked her to train the new “team leader” to manage OEP. Plaintiff then trained Sapp to handle her duties. Sapp was never a team leader; she continued to hold the position of customer service coordinator in Rawson’s department, and she continued to report to him in that capacity.
Plaintiff did not obtain another job in the company and her employment ended in April 1995. Her notice of employee separation states that her employment was terminated because her job was eliminated. In September 1995, she filed a formal complaint with the Illinois Department of Human Rights. In August 1996, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (hereinafter EEOC) sent her a Notice of Right To Sue. Plaintiff filed a Complaint (# 1) in the district court in November 1996. She filed a First Amended Complaint (# 49) in September 1999.
Following discovery, Defendant filed a Motion for Summary Judgment (#45) in September 1999, supplemented by Defendant’s Statement of Undisputed Facts (# 46). In October 1999, Plaintiff filed her Memorandum in Opposition to Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment (# 52). In October 1999, Defendant filed a Reply Memorandum (# 58).
II. Discussion
Colwell argues that the Court should grant summary judgment because Plaintiff has failed to establish a prima facie case of employment discrimination. Furthermore, even if Plaintiff established a prima facie case of age discrimination, she has failed to show that Colwell’s proffered reason for her discharge was pretextual.
A. Standard of Review
The Court grants summary judgment “if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c); see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2552, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The party seeking summary judgment bears the initial burden of demonstrating the absence of any genuine issue of material fact. Id. 477 U.S. 317, 106 S.Ct. at 2552-53. The party opposing the motion must then make a showing sufficient to demonstrate the existence of a material issue for trial. Id.
The Court applies this standard with particular care in employment discrimination cases, where intent and credibility are critical. Senner v. Northcentral Technical College, 113 F.3d 750, 757 (7th Cir.1997). Nevertheless, a “party needs more than a scintilla of evidence ... to defeat summary judgment.” Id. In an age discrimination case, a claimant must present more than conclusory allegations to defeat a motion for summary judgment. Fisher v. Wayne Dalton Corp., 139 F.3d 1137, 1140 (7th Cir.1998). Neither the mere existence of some alleged factual dispute between the parties nor the existence of some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts is sufficient to defeat a motion for summary judgment. Hoffman v. MCA, Inc., 144 F.3d 1117, 1121 (7th Cir.1998). “An adverse party may not rest upon the mere allegations or denials of the adverse party’s pleading, but ... must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e).
Under the ADEA, it is unlawful for an employer to discriminate against an employee because of age. An ADEA claimant may prove age discrimination by presenting direct or indirect evidence. In this case, Plaintiff concedes she has no direct evidence of age discrimination. Instead, she relies on the indirect burden-shifting method of proof set forth in McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 1824-25, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973). The McDonnell Douglas framework has a three-step inquiry. First, a plaintiff must establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, a prima facie case of discrimination. If the plaintiff establishes a prima facie ease, a presumption of discrimination arises, and the burden shifts to the defendant to present evidence of a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason for discharging the plaintiff. Once the defendant articulates a nondiscriminatory reason for its action, the burden shifts back to the plaintiff to show that the defendant’s proffered reason is merely a pretext for discrimination. Testerman v. EDS Technical Products Corp., 98 F.3d 297, 302-03 (7th Cir.1996).
B. The Prima Facie Case
Defendant first argues that Plaintiff has failed to establish a prima facie case of age discrimination. A plaintiff meets her burden of establishing a prima facie case of age discrimination if she demonstrates that (1) she is a member of the protected age group; (2) her performance met the employer’s legitimate expectations; (3) she was subject to an adverse employment action; and (4) she was replaced by a substantially younger employee. Gadsby v. Norwalk Furniture Corp., 71 F.3d 1324, 1331-1332 (7th Cir.1995); see also Sarsha v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 3 F.3d 1035, 1039 (7th Cir.1993) (the plaintiff stated a prima facie case because he was over forty years old, performed well at his job, and was fired and replaced by a younger person). Sapp was more than 10 years younger than Plaintiff, thus she was substantially younger than Plaintiff. Hartley v. Wisconsin Bell, Inc., 124 F.3d 887, 892-893 (7th Cir.1997) (a 10 year difference in ages between the plaintiff and her replacement is presumptively “substantial”).
Defendant does not dispute that Plaintiff established the first three elements of the prima facie case. At the time of the RIF, Plaintiff was 52, meeting Colwell’s performance expectations, and she was discharged. Only the fourth element remains at issue. Plaintiff contends that she established the fourth element because Sapp replaced her as OEP manager.
In employment discrimination cases, the word “replace” has a specialized meaning. Shifting and/or consolidating work does not constitute replacement; instead, “[a] person is replaced only when another employee is hired or reassigned to perform the plaintiffs duties.” Barnes v. GenCorp Inc., 896 F.2d 1457, 1465 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 878, 111 S.Ct. 211, 112 L.Ed.2d 171 (1990). In the context of a RIF, spreading the former duties of a discharged employee among the remaining employees does not constitute replacement. Lilley v. BTM Corp., 958 F.2d 746, 752 (6th Cir.1992). In Lilley, after the plaintiff was discharged, his duties were assigned to the company’s remaining staff, but no additional employees were hired. The Sixth Circuit determined that the plaintiff had not been replaced.
Noting that the Lilley employer’s workforce was shrinking for reasons unrelated to discrimination, the Seventh Circuit distinguished Lilley from the facts in Wallace v. SMC Pneumatics, Inc., 103 F.3d 1394 (7th Cir.1997), in which it stated that an employer must not be allowed to circumvent the McDonnell Douglas formula by fractionating an employee’s job. Id. at 1397-98; see Smith v. F.W. Morse & Co., 76 F.3d 413, 423 (1st Cir.1996). The court stated that' replacement occurs when A is fired, B and C are assigned each to do half the work formerly done by A, and D is hired to do the work of B and C that they must give up to do A’s work. (Emphasis added.) Wallace, 103 F.3d at 1397. In such a situation, even though, A’s duties have been split among two (or more) employees, A has been effectively replaced. Id.
In this case, Sapp did not “replace” Plaintiff as OEP manager. The essence of a RIF is that fewer employees are doing the work that has to be done. Here, Sapp already held the position of customer service coordinator. In addition to that job, she was asked to manage the OEP department on a temporary basis after Plaintiff was discharged. Sapp stated in her deposition that she always knew those duties were temporary. (Sapp Dep., pp. 51-52.) Plaintiff presented no evidence to show that Sapp stopped performing her duties as customer satisfaction coordinator or that anyone was hired to perform those duties for her.
Plaintiffs rebanee on Janiuk v. TCG/ Trump Company, 157 F.3d 504 (7th Cir.1998), is misplaced. In Janiuk, an organization chart developed after a RIF indicated that the plaintiffs position still existed and that a younger employee had assumed that position. Thus, the evidence created a question of fact as to whether the plaintiff had been replaced. Id. at 508-09. In this case, however, the evidence clearly shows that all the manager positions in telesales and order processing were eliminated in January 1995 when the team leaders were hired. Moreover, the reorganization plan eliminated the OEP department.
Plaintiff presents evidence that the OEP department had not been eliminated by April 1995 as originally scheduled. As a result, someone was needed to manage order processing after Plaintiffs employment was terminated and Sapp was asked to do that in addition to her own job. Nevertheless, the evidence that the OEP department still existed when Plaintiff was discharged does not raise a fact issue as to whether she was replaced. Accordingly, Plaintiff has not established a prima facie case based on replacement.
The prima facie case, however, is a flexible standard that “is not intended to be rigidly applied.” Mitchell v. Worldwide Underwriters Ins. Co., 967 F.2d 565, 567 (11th Cir.1992). The exact content of the fourth element may vary from case to case to take differing situations into account. RIF cases present such a situation. Gadsby, 71 F.3d at 1331-32. A RIF is characterized by elimination of employees, not replacement. In the context of a RIF, that fourth element of a prima facie case of age discrimination is that the employer treated similarly situated younger employees more favorably. Fisher, 139 F.3d at 1141.
When order processing and telesales were consolidated to create the CMC, the 13 current managers in those divisions, including Plaintiff, competed for seven new “team leader” positions. These managers were undeniably “similarly situated” to Plaintiff; however, she does not argue that younger employees in this group of managers were treated more favorably. (In fact, four of the seven employees who were selected for the team leader positions were in the protected group.) (Sweeney Dep., p. 131.) Although she contends that no clear criteria existed for the team leader jobs and the company did not follow the system for applying for openings, she presents no evidence that the selection process was anything other than age-neutral in content and application. See Allard v. Indiana Bell Telephone Co., 1 F.Supp.2d 898, 921 (S.D.Ind.1998), cited favorably in Adreani v. First Colonial Bankshares Corp., 154 F.3d 389, 395 (7th Cir.1998) (If the Court is satisfied that the selection process is age-neutral in content and application, then a plaintiff will find it more difficult to present enough evidence to create a genuine issue of material fact about the motivation behind her individual selection for termination.).
As an alternative to her theory that Sapp replaced Plaintiff, Plaintiff apparently offers Sapp as the “similarly situated younger employee” who was treated more favorably than Plaintiff. Arguably, one employee is insufficient to satisfy the fourth element even under the less stringent RIF prima facie case. In Kuhn v. Ball State University, 78 F.3d 330 (7th Cir.1996), the plaintiff alleged failure to promote in violation of the ADEA. The Seventh Circuit stated as follows:
A plaintiff who wants a court to infer discrimination from the employer’s treatment of comparable cases has to analyze a goodly sample. One is an anecdote, and several cases are several anecdotes. Judges do not find discrimination on such a thin basis.
Id. at 332; see Shank v. Kelly-Springfield Tire Co., 128 F.3d 474, 480 (7th Cir.1997) (one example of better treatment is not enough to support an inference of discrimination). Furthermore, Sapp was not similarly situated to Plaintiff. Their positions, backgrounds, and prior job experiences were different. Sapp was employed in another division altogether. Her background was in sales and customer service and she had experience with special projects, while Plaintiffs experience was in human resources and accounting. (Sweeney Dep., p. 91.) Sapp did not have management experience and did not hold a management position until she was promoted from customer service coordinator to department manager in telemarketing and customer fulfillment in December 1996; that promotion did not involve managing the order processing function. (Sapp Dep., pp. 31-32.) Sapp testified that she never felt in danger of losing her job as a result of the reorganization and RIF. Finally, she was not one of the 13 managers in the former telesales and order processing areas and she never competed with Plaintiff for a team leader position. To the extent that Plaintiff contends that Sapp was similarly situated because she replaced Plaintiff as OEP manager, the Court* notes again that Sapp did not “replace” Plaintiff as that term is used in discrimination cases.
The qualification “similarly situated” is an important element of the prima facie case. Wallace, 103 F.3d at 1398. The mere fact that a younger employee is retained in a RIF while an older employee is ’discharged is not enough to create an inference of age discrimination. Id. Plaintiff failed to show that Sapp was similarly situated to her. Accordingly, Plaintiff has failed to establish the fourth element even under the less stringent standard in the context of a RIF.
C. Pretext
Assuming arguendo that Plaintiff has established a prima facie case of age discrimination, the burden shifts to Defendant to articulate a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason for terminating Plaintiff. Here, Defendant stated that Plaintiffs position had been eliminated pursuant to a reorganization and reduction in force. Once an employer produces evidence of a nondiscriminatory reason for its action, the employee must then demonstrate that the proffered reason for the decision was not the actual reason and that it was only a pretext for discrimination. Adreani, 154 F.3d at 394-95. Colwell contends that Plaintiff failed to show by a preponderance of evidence that its proffered reason for terminating, her was pretext.
A plaintiff can prove pretext in one of two ways: (1) by showing that a discriminatory reason more likely than not motivated the employer (ie.,.that the employer’s proffered reason was not the sole determining factor and, therefore, age discrimination might have been a determining factor in addition to the proffered reason); or (2) that the employer’s proffered explanation is unworthy of credence. Konowitz v. Schnadig Corp., 965 F.2d 230, 232 (7th Cir.1992). To demonstrate that the employer’s “ostensible justification is unworthy of credence,” the employee must present evidence tending to prove that the employer’s proffered reasons are factually baseless, did not actually motivate the discharge in question, or were insufficient to motivate the discharge. Testerman, 98 F.3d at 303.
An employee discharged in a RIF does not need to produce evidence tending to prove that the employer’s explanation was a “lie” in the sense of being' a complete fabrication; instead, he must establish that age tipped the balance in favor of discharge. Adreani, 154 F.3d at 395. Because some employees inevitably are discharged in a RIF, a fired employee will succeed in establishing pretext when she provides evidence that would support at least an inference that, regardless of the reasons stated by the employer, her job would not have been terminated “but for” discriminatory reasons. Testerman, 98 F.3d at 304.
Plaintiff does not dispute the fact that Colwell went through a RIF and reorganization. She does not attempt to show that Colwell’s restructuring and its proposed consolidation of divisions and streamlining of the OEP process constituted a ruse to fire her. Rather, she contends that the reorganization of the Champaign facility was pretextual because (1) the new technology that was the basis of the reorganization would not and did not work at the Champaign facility and Plaintiffs job was never eliminated; (2) Laura Sapp, who performed Plaintiffs job after April 1995, was younger, less qualified, did not have to apply to get the job, and was trained by Plaintiff; and (3) Plaintiff was never seriously considered for any other job because no clear criteria existed for the team manager’s job and the company did not follow the system for applying for openings.
Plaintiff first contends that the plan to use a new technology did not work at the Champaign facility and that Colwell management (in the person of Bob Azman) knew that problems existed in early 1995.
It is undisputed that Sweeney had serious concerns about the feasibility of using the new technology because the Cham-paign facility used a different computer system and produced different products than the other facilities. He informed Az-man and others of those concerns. Azman acknowledged that Sweeney had told him that the Champaign computer system was different from the systems at the other two facilities and had expressed concern about applying the new technology in Champaign facility. (Azman Dep., pp. 44-45.) In spite of those concerns, the company management apparently continued to view all three facilities the same. (Sweeney Dep., p. 76).
The new technology was originally scheduled to be installed in Champaign in April 1995. (Azman Dep., p. 42.) In the meantime, the Minnesota and Colorado facilities had successfully installed and begun using the new technology in their call centers. The installation was delayed at the Champaign facility because Colwell did indeed encounter difficulty in applying it, as Sweeney had predicted. In his deposition, Azman stated that he became aware “that the time period for implementation of the new technology in Champaign would take at least another six months or so.” (Azman Dep., p. 108.) Thus, the installation was delayed from its originally scheduled date of April 1995 and Azman and Sweeney both knew that the order processing department would not be eliminated in April 1995 as originally planned.
Because of the delay, the OEP department existed in April 1995 when Plaintiffs employment ended and continued to exist for some months. Order entry processing continued to be done as it had been prior to the reorganization and Sapp absorbed Plaintiffs job responsibilities in addition to performing her own job after Plaintiffs employment was terminated.
Colwell’s delay in installing the new technology and, indeed, its failure ever to install the new technology does not imply age discrimination. To show pretext, a plaintiff is required to establish that the employer did not honestly believe the reasons it gave for terminating her and that age tipped the balance in favor of discharge. See Adreani, 154 F.3d at 395; Pitasi v. Gartner Group, 184 F.3d 709, 718 (7th Cir.1999). Plaintiff has not provided any evidence tending to show that Colwell did not honestly intend to install the new technology and reorganize the Champaign facility or that it did not honestly believe that the new technology would eventually supplant the former method of processing orders. In fact, Sweeney stated in his deposition that announcements of the technology changes came out in March 1995, and Colwell “went crazy there probably for three or four months trying to work the [new technology]” during the summer of 1995. (Sweeney Dep., p. 119.) Here the record is devoid of evidence that Colwell’s articulated reasons for discharging Plaintiff were not honestly held and genuine.
In addition, once it became clear that installation of the new technology would be delayed, it was necessary for someone to manage the OEP department. Plaintiffs position as OEP manager had been eliminated along with all the managers’ positions in January 1995 when the team leaders were hired, even though she continued to function as de facto manager of the OEP department. When her employment ended in April 1995, Sapp absorbed those managerial functions along with her own job of customer satisfaction coordinator.
Plaintiff does not dispute that Colwell was reducing its work force in concert with the reorganization of its order processing and telesales functions. Reductions in force are cost-cutting measures in which “someone has to go.” Fairchild v. Forma Scientific, Inc., 147 F.3d 567, 572-73 (7th Cir.1998). In this case, 13 managerial positions (including Plaintiffs position) in two divisions were eliminated; they were replaced by seven “team leaders” in the CMC. Plaintiff was not selected as one of the team leaders; therefore, she was discharged.
The essence of a RIF is that fewer employees are doing the work that has to be done. Sapp’s assumption of Plaintiffs duties in addition to her own job is consistent with a RIF. That is not to say that a RIF automatically insulates an employer from challenges of age discrimination. Clearly, discriminatory changes may occur in the context of an overall reduction in force. See Samuelson v. Durkee, 760 F.Supp. 729, 736 (N.D.Ind.1991), aff'd, 976 F.2d 1111 (7th Cir.1992). Nevertheless, Plaintiff must raise at least an inference that the employer would not have discharged her “but for” her age. Tester-man, 98 F.3d at 80A The mere fact that a younger employee is retained in a RIF while an older employee is discharged is not enough to create an inference of age discrimination. Wallace, 103 F.3d at 1398. Thus, the fact that Sapp managed the OEP department on a temporary basis does not imply that Colwell discriminated against Plaintiff on the basis of age. A plaintiff must do more to survive summary judgment than show that she was discharged in a RIF while substantially younger employees were retained. Id. Here, Plaintiff has failed to do that.
Because Azman and Sweeney knew that the OEP department would continue to exist after April 1995, Plaintiff contends that they should have reinstated Plaintiffs position and rehired Plaintiff to fill that position. Sweeney stated that they considered doing that and decided against it. Instead, the company moved forward with its efforts to install the new technology. Decision-making by an employer — even if it exhibits poor business judgment — is not sufficient to establish pretext. See Pitasi, 184 F.3d at 718. The Court cannot infer age discrimination from Colwell’s decision.
In this ease, Plaintiffs position was eliminated pursuant to a bona fide reorganization and RIF. Plaintiff presented no evidence that her position was ever reinstated. The failure of the technology to work at the Champaign facility does not create an inference that the Plaintiff was discharged because of her age. See Hoffman v. MCA Inc., 144 F.3d 1117, 1123 (7th Cir.1998) (to survive summary judgment, a plaintiff must provide evidence of at least an inference that the real reason for his dismissal was discriminatory). Plaintiff has failed to present a genuine issue of material fact regarding whether Colwell honestly believed in its articulated reason for discharging her.
Finally, Plaintiff apparently contends that the hiring and job transfer procedures used in the reorganization imply age discrimination. Specifically, she states that she was never seriously considered for any other job because no clear criteria existed for the team 'manager’s job and the company did not follow the system for applying for openings.
Unfortunately for Plaintiff, even if this evidence showed that Colwell did not know how to conduct a reliable selection process, these flaws do not even hint at age bias. The absence of written criteria for the selection process, without more, does not constitute evidence of age discrimination. ADEA does not protect older employees from erroneous or even arbitrary personnel decisions, only from decisions that are unlawfully motivated. Kralman v. Illinois Department of Veterans’ Affairs, 23 F.3d 150, 157 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 513 U.S. 948, 115 S.Ct. 359, 130 L.Ed.2d 313 (1994) (quoting Bienkowski v. American Airlines, 851 F.2d 1503, 1508 (5th Cir.1988)); Vitug v. Multistate Tax Comm’n, 88 F.3d 506, 515 (7th Cir.1996) (arbitrariness alone does not constitute discrimination; the subjective nature of a selection process is not sufficient to demonstrate that age bias more likely motivated an employer’s decision to terminate an employee):' See also Kariotis v. Navistar International Transportation Corp., 131 F.3d 672, 677 (7th Cir.1997) (finding that plaintiffs “energy is misspent by attacking the company’s decisional process, unless she can point to facts suggesting that the company investigated her differently because she was an older employee”).
In Diettrich v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 168 F.3d 961, 965-966 (1999), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 120 S.Ct. 48, 145 L.Ed.2d 43 (1999), the plaintiff argued that the interview process was administered unfairly and to his detriment. He pointed to evidence that the company never trained the decision maker to conduct interviews, that the decision maker abandoned the format set forth in the company’s interview guide in favor of a more variable approach, that he asked the plaintiff different and “more difficult” questions than he did the other candidates, that the plaintiffs interview was shorter than other interviews, and that the decision maker disregarded the plaintiffs resume and cover letter and did not otherwise elicit information regarding his extensive work history and experience in sales. Id. The Seventh Circuit stated as follows:
For all we know, Hinckley [ (the decision maker) ] was not impressed with Diettrich [ (the plaintiff) ] for any one of a myriad of other, non-actionable reasons. For example, Hinckley may have decided that Diettrich was wrong for the job because Hinckley disliked the clothes Diettrich wore to the interview or he found Diettrich’s conversation boring. If this were the case (and there is no evidence to suggest that it is), we might question the good sense of Northwest’s hiring decisions, but we could not hold Northwest liable for discrimination. To prevail, Diettrich must provide evidence not only that he was treated differently, but that he was treated differently because of his age. This he never did.
Id.; see Richter v. Hook-SupeRx, Inc., 142 F.3d 1024, 1031-32 (7th Cir.1998). Similarly, in this case, Plaintiffs evidence regarding the hiring and transfer procedures does not imply age discrimination.
III. Conclusion
Plaintiffs claim of age discrimination is based primarily on the fact that Sapp “took her job.” However, Sapp merely absorbed Plaintiffs tasks temporarily in addition to her own job; she did not replace Plaintiff. Moreover, Sapp was not similarly situated to Plaintiff in terms of job experience or qualifications. Thus, Plaintiff has failed to establish a prima facie case of employment discrimination under the ADEA. Furthermore, even assuming that Plaintiff established a prima facie case, Colwell rebutted the presumption of discrimination by showing that Plaintiffs position was eliminated as part of Colwell’s reorganization and RIF. Neither the fact that Sapp absorbed her duties nor Colwell’s lack of success in installing the new technology at the Cham-paign facility creates an inference that the reorganization and RIF were pretext. Thus, Plaintiff did not meet her burden of proof.
Summary judgment is proper where no genuine issue of material fact exists. Fed. R.Civ.P. 56. Here, Plaintiff has not raised any genuine issues of material fact on the issue of whether age “tipped the balance” in favor of her discharge. See Testerman, 98 F.3d at 303. She has presented no direct evidence of discriminatory motive and she failed to produce sufficient evidence to justify the inference of discrimination permitted by the McDonnell Douglas method of indirect proof. Accordingly, the Court grants Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment (# 45).
Summary
For the reasons set forth above, the Court GRANTS Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment (#45). The Court’s decision MOOTS all other pending motions at this time, including Defendant’s Motion To Strike (# 55), Defendant’s Motion To Amend Exhibit H to Include Entire Document (# 56), and Plaintiffs Motions in Limine (# 60). | CASELAW |
Talk:Eusebius (disambiguation)
Removals and reasons
Please add these back when articles are present or anticipated:
Non-article entries
* Eusebius, archbishop of Tarragona (Spain) in 610-632.
May 2005
If you look at Special:Whatlinkshere/Eusebius you'll see that all the articles (and there are lots) that link to Eusebius want "the" Eusebius, that is, Eusebius of Caesarea. So I propose that the disambiguation page be at Eusebius (disambiguation) with Eusebius a redirect to Eusebius of Caesarea. Gdr 15:24, 2005 May 4 (UTC)
* I was bold and made the move. Gdr 18:42, 2005 May 5 (UTC)
Another Eusebius of Caesarea?
According to the page for Basil of Caesarea, he succeeded a Eusebius of Caesarea in 370, who certainly could not be the same as the famous historian. Alas, I do not see a page for him anywhere, and cannot find information on him otherwise, except that he ordained Basil a priest. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:05, 6 November 2014 (UTC)
* You're looking for Eusebius of Samosata. And no, I don't have the relationship between Samosata and Caesarea. See Catholic Encyclopedia. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02330b.htm. Student7 (talk) 15:18, 12 November 2014 (UTC)
Primary Topic?
I read a fair amount of early Christian history and only today found out that there were other people named Eusebius. Before making Eusebius of Caesarea the primary, I checked these results on WikiNav to see what people were looking for. If I understood correctly, the top 5 or 6 results all relate to that Eusebius, not the others.
I also removed 'onomastic' from the wiktionary box, I'm not sure what that was doing there. Unclevinny (talk) 01:38, 14 June 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Basic Computer Hardware Components You Should Know About
For many people, within a PC looks the same as within another electronic gadget including circuits, cables. In this article, we would cover basic computer hardware components. PC equipment is the collection of physical parts of a PC framework. There are different types of computers and their hardware will differ as accordingly. But there are similar components used in most of the computers. This incorporates the motherboard, CPU, RAM, hard drive, computer case.
1. Computer Case: The computer case is the shell that holds all components together. Not all motherboards will fit in a particular case, and not all cases are most appropriate for a particular motherboard. The PC case contains the most intricate and vital parts of the PC, motherboard, processor, RAM, hard drive and so forth. It may not be feasible to change the hardware in laptops but in PCs, we have access to all components inside the case. At the point when purchasing another motherboard or case, ensure that the two are of good size. The bigger your case the less it will warm up and the all the more effortlessly you will have the capacity to change or include parts for repairs or redesigns. Obviously, a bigger case will consume up more space and be heavier.
2. Motherboard: The motherboard is the primary circuit leading group of a PC. It contains the central processing unit (CPU), the Basic Input-Output System (BIOS), memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers for standard peripheral devices like the keyboard, disk drive, and display screen. The chipset is a basic part of any PC since it performs a major part in figuring out what sorts of elements the PC can support. Each association with and from the motherboard is named and coded. Making an error by associating the wrong link to the wrong connection or embeddings the CPU in the wrong way is difficult to do, however not impossible, so be cautious while connecting or unplugging parts to a motherboard. Incorrect connections would not allow CPU to boot and forcing things that aren’t suppose to fit somewhere will result in irreparable damage to the component.
3. Processor (CPU) – The Brain : The CPU (Central Processing Unit), which performs the vast majority of the tasks which empower a PC to work, and is some of the time alluded to as the mind of the PC. It is typically cooled by a heat sink and fan, or water-cooling framework. Most more up to date CPUs incorporate an on kick the bucket Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). The most effective part of your whole PC framework is not the greatest one but rather it is regularly the most costly. So, picking a quick CPU chip that is sufficient for your necessities will pay you back in higher execution and less dissatisfaction. Make a point to read the guidelines on how to install the chip into the motherboard and affix the committed cooling fan. Likewise, on the off chance that you plan to purchase another CPU, ensure you know it won’t simply fit in the particular attachment your motherboard has yet be generally good with your motherboard as far as things prefer power necessities.
4. Random-Access Memory (RAM) : The RAM (Random Access Memory) is a memory stockpiling that works during PC use and is particularly used by the processor. In new PCs, the RAM is around 4 – 16 GB depending upon the sort and reason for the PC .The RAM comprises of one or more memory modules. At the point when the PC begins, the operating system is stacked into the RAM. The PC likewise stacks the documents being handled – music, assignments, recordings and so on to the RAM. Beside processor, there are two components affecting performance which are RAM and hard drive. So it is advised to pick a RAM as per need.
5. Hard drive: RAM is just for sort use, which implies that nothing in RAM is saved when the PC is shut down. At the point when the PC is on as new projects are propelled and others shut, the data in RAM changes to give access only to the data a user need. Everything else is put away in the hard drive. Each individual knows numerous things, from the unremarkable to the particular. The hard drive is the perpetual memory of the PC where spared documents stay notwithstanding when the PC is shut down. This is the reason the hard drive is utilized for saving documents. The limit of hard drives differs right now the normal limit is 1000-1500 GB, however, hard drives of more than 4TB are also available. You can add the capacity to your computer by attaching an additional hard drive, either internally or externally.
6. Keyboard , Mouse, and Monitor: A mouse is an item that gives you a chance to click around the screen, move and customize things, and interface with the articles showed on the PC’s screen. The keyboard is the thing that permits you to type characters into your PC. Without a keyboard, you wouldn’t have the capacity to input commands , compose messages or complete much work by any stretch of the imagination. A screen is the PC’s showcase. Without this, you wouldn’t have the capacity to see anything you’re doing on the PC, rendering the machine kind of futile if you will probably utilize it for email and skimming the web!
Mentioned are the basic components commonly used in all type of computers.
Related articles | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
UTC Time in PostgreSQL
If you are dealing with multiple different clients, each with its own clock, it pays of to have central time-keeping device. And, if your program uses Microsoft SQL Server, you can use its GETUTCDATE() function to retrieve current server time:
GETUTCDATE() function is ideal for this purpose. It returns UTC time so you don’t need to worry about time zones and daylight-saving time. Your database and programs can keep time in UTC. Conversion to local time is done only when displaying data to user.
You can get current time either by doing SELECT query or by inserting time directly into database:
SELECT GETUTCDATE();
INSERT INTO Foo(Bar) VALUES(GETUTCDATE());
However, this function is very SQL Server specific. For example, you will not find it in PostgreSQL. Yes, I know that there are other functions that can do the same. But this means that your application needs to do one query for SQL Server and another for PostgreSQL. It would be fantastic if same function could be used in both databases.
Well, you can. Only thing we need is a new function:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GETUTCDATE() RETURNS TIMESTAMP AS '
SELECT CAST(LOCALTIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE ''UTC'' AS TIMESTAMP);
' LANGUAGE SQL VOLATILE;
2 thoughts to “UTC Time in PostgreSQL”
1. It’s seemingly more like:
SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE ‘UTC’;
1) CURRENT_TIMESTAMP otherwise you’ll get several hours back,
2) No CAST necessary
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Our laboratory is interested in understanding the physical origin and biological management of DNA stiffness. It has long been appreciated that duplex DNA is among the stiffest of all natural polymers. Remarkably, the origin of DNA stiffness remains obscure after 50 years of study. A better understanding of the balance of forces within DNA would reveal what forces are overcome by DNA bending proteins such as histone octamers, and could allow control of DNA stiffness for nanomaterials and nanodevices. How living cells manage the stiff DNA polymer is also not understood in mechanistic detail. The bending and twisting flexibility of DNA within cells appears to be higher than in solution. Why? We have been studying sequence non-specific HMGB DNA bending proteins and other "architectural" proteins as models for understanding one mechanism by which DNA might be endowed with enhanced apparent flexibility in cells. Understanding and harnessing the properties of these proteins could have applications in artificial gene control by targeting the proteins to modulate the stability of DNA loops required for transcriptional regulation. During the previous funding period we made important progress toward understanding the origin and management of DNA stiffness. We now propose four aims to continue this fundamental research.
Aim 1 will determine the relationship between DNA charge density, base stacking and DNA stiffness.
Aim 2 will measure effects of HMGB protein binding on the flexibility and structure of DNA and chromatin in vitro.
Aim 3 will improve our understanding of the basis for DNA looping enhancement by architectural proteins in E. coli. Finally, Aim 4 will measure the effects of HMGB proteins on DNA looping in yeast.
Public Health Relevance
DNA molecules contain the information code for all living things. This information is contained in very long double-helix DNA molecules. These molecules are thread-like when considered at a distance, but are rod-like from the perspective of the proteins that must bind and read DNA. This proposal for renewed funding will allow our collaborative research group of molecular biologists, biochemists, and physicists to continue our productive projects to understand why DNA is stiff and rod-like locally, and how a special group of proteins called architectural proteins increase the flexibility of DNA by causing bends and kinks.
Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM075965-07
Application #
8473878
Study Section
Macromolecular Structure and Function B Study Section (MSFB)
Program Officer
Preusch, Peter C
Project Start
2006-09-25
Project End
2015-05-31
Budget Start
2013-06-01
Budget End
2014-05-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$342,509
Indirect Cost
$82,177
Name
Mayo Clinic, Rochester
Department
Type
DUNS #
006471700
City
Rochester
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55905
Becker, Nicole A; Maher 3rd, L James (2015) High-resolution mapping of architectural DNA binding protein facilitation of a DNA repression loop in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:7177-82
Becker, Nicole A; Greiner, Alexander M; Peters, Justin P et al. (2014) Bacterial promoter repression by DNA looping without protein-protein binding competition. Nucleic Acids Res 42:5495-504
Murugesapillai, Divakaran; McCauley, Micah J; Huo, Ran et al. (2014) DNA bridging and looping by HMO1 provides a mechanism for stabilizing nucleosome-free chromatin. Nucleic Acids Res 42:8996-9004
Peters, Justin P; Mogil, Lauren S; McCauley, Micah J et al. (2014) Mechanical properties of base-modified DNA are not strictly determined by base stacking or electrostatic interactions. Biophys J 107:448-59
Stellwagen, Nancy C; Peters, Justin P; Dong, Qian et al. (2014) The free solution mobility of DNA and other analytes varies as the logarithm of the fractional negative charge. Electrophoresis 35:1855-63
Coats, Julie E; Lin, Yuyen; Rueter, Emily et al. (2013) Single-molecule FRET analysis of DNA binding and bending by yeast HMGB protein Nhp6A. Nucleic Acids Res 41:1372-81
Peters, Justin P; Yelgaonkar, Shweta P; Srivatsan, Seergazhi G et al. (2013) Mechanical properties of DNA-like polymers. Nucleic Acids Res 41:10593-604
Stellwagen, Earle; Peters, Justin P; Maher 3rd, L James et al. (2013) DNA A-tracts are not curved in solutions containing high concentrations of monovalent cations. Biochemistry 52:4138-48
Becker, Nicole A; Peters, Justin P; Maher 3rd, L James et al. (2013) Mechanism of promoter repression by Lac repressor-DNA loops. Nucleic Acids Res 41:156-66
McCauley, Micah J; Rueter, Emily M; Rouzina, Ioulia et al. (2013) Single-molecule kinetics reveal microscopic mechanism by which High-Mobility Group B proteins alter DNA flexibility. Nucleic Acids Res 41:167-81
Showing the most recent 10 out of 28 publications | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Medical Specialties
Insulin Pump Therapy for Children with Diabetes
What is an Insulin Pump?
Insulin pumps are beeper-sized devices that contain a cartridge filled with fast-acting insulin. They have a screen and buttons for programming the pump's internal computer, and a sensitive motor that gradually pushes insulin from the cartridge through a tube and into the diabetic child.
The pump does not read blood glucose levels or automatically administer insulin.
How Do Insulin Pumps Work?
To get the insulin under a child's skin, an infusion set is worn.
Most infusion sets use a needle to insert a small, flexible plastic tube just under the skin (usually on the abdomen, buttocks or hip). When the needle is removed, the infusion set is taped securely in place. A new infusion set is inserted every two to three days.
Many infusion sets feature a "quick disconnect" mechanism that allows the user to temporarily unhook the pump and tubing for situations like bathing, contact sports and swimming.
The pump is usually worn on a belt/waistband or in a pocket. Pumps also have multiple safety features that ensure against accidental insulin delivery.
Advantages of Insulin Pump Therapy
Statistically, children that use insulin pumps have lower HbA1c's than kids that take shots.
Pumps also allow diabetic children to deliver more precise levels of insulin.
Insulin pumps may also offer more convenience and eliminate the need for multiple daily shots.
Learn More About Managing Children's Diabetes
Contact Phoenix Children's Hospital to learn more insulin pump therapy for children with diabetes.
(602) 546-0935
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Vugen: Using LAST Value For web_reg_save_param_ex
Whenever the ORD=ALL attribute is used with the web_reg_save_param_ex function, VuGen creates an array containing the number of instances that are actually captured. It also stores the total count for the number of instances automatically. This count can be referenced by getting the value of “_count”. For example, if the parameter name is ParamName, a separate parameter ParamName_count will be available with number of times the value was captured. This can also serve as index for last values captured. Use the sample code below to reference and use the last value captured by LoadRunner. You can get creative and use a random value instead or walk through the array to get other values too.
Example:
Action()
{
int i;
char last[30];
//Capture all occurrences of strings between <td> and </td>
web_reg_save_param_ex("MyParam",
"LB=<td>",
"RB=</td>",
"Ord=ALL",
LAST);
web_url("coolwebsite",
"URL=http://www.youstupidmonkey#%$.com/",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST);
//Get the total count of the parameter and
//save the information to a string
sprintf (last, "{MyParam_%s}", lr_eval_string("{MyParam_count}"));
//extract the value of the last item and
// save it to a parameter called pLastValue
lr_save_string( lr_eval_string(last) ,"pLastValue");
//send a message to the log showing the value of pLastValue
lr_message("last value is %s", lr_eval_string("{pLastValue}"));
return 0;
}
Scott Moore
About Scott Moore (144 articles)
With over 18 years of IT experience with various platforms and technologies, Scott has tested some of the largest applications and infrastructures in the world. He has mentored and developed testing services for Big Five services firms, top insurance companies, and major financial institutions in the US. In 2004, Scott founded Loadtester Incorporated, focusing on performance testing and building centers of excellence around application performance. He is a Certified Instructor and Certified Product Consultant in HP’s LoadRunner and Performance Center products. In October 2010, Scott became President and CEO of Northway Solutions Group, with Loadtester remaining a subsidiary of the company. He currently holds HP certifications for ASE, ASC, and CI.
• Tony Gartrell
I can write that code in less lines. You don’t need the sprintf. You can just do two lr_eval_strings.
lr_save_string(lr_eval_string(lr_eval_string(“{MyParm_{MyParm_count}}”)), “pLastValue”); | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Tesla sets massive stock awards for Musk based on boosting market value
BANGALORE/SAN FRANCISCO (Reuters) - Silicon Valley billionaire Elon Musk could earn as much as $55.8 billion in Tesla Inc stock and own more than a quarter of the electric car company in the next decade if he hits all targets of a bold new pay plan. The unexpected compensation arrangement - announced in the middle of the night in California - involves no salary or cash bonus but sets up rewards for Musk multiplying Tesla’s market value as much as ten-fold to $650 billion over the next 10 years. That ambitious target implies Tesla stock will grow by 1,000 percent over a decade, or about 27 percent per year, a feat achieved by only a handful of major U.S. companies recently, including Amazon.com Inc, Priceline Group Inc and Domino’s Pizza Inc. Netflix has surged 6,600 percent in the past 10 years. Tesla’s current market value of $60 billion is about the same as General Motors Co, but far below Apple Inc’s $921 billion. The plan comes after Tesla’s much-anticipated Model 3 sedan missed several production targets and as many on Wall Street expect the company to launch another round of capital raising. “We see Elon Musk’s ambitious long-term awards plan as an aspirational marketing tool to attract talent and capital ahead of an upward inflection in competition” for electric and autonomous vehicles, said Morgan Stanley analyst Adam Jonas, who has been bullish on Tesla shares. Musk could earn more than $70 billion in incremental compensation through the deal, Jonas estimated. Tesla itself put Musk’s maximum gain at $55.8 billion. With the new plan, Tesla effectively quietened speculation that Musk may be planning to quit as the targets require him to remain as chief executive or serve as both executive chairman and chief product officer. Tesla noted, however, that the deal provides “the flexibility to bring in another CEO who would report to Elon at some point in the future.” The company added that there was no current intention for this to happen. Some investors worry that Musk’s ambition to build Tesla into a behemoth will severely stretch its production capabilities, aggravating production delays and stretching Tesla’s high cash burn rate. Meanwhile, a host of global automakers from Volkswagen AG (VOWG_p.DE) to Ford Motor Co plan to introduce new electric vehicles into the marketplace in coming years, posing a major threat. Tesla’s shares, which gained 46 percent last year, closed 0.3 percent higher at $352.79. The new performance award consists of a 10-year grant of stock options that vest in 12 tranches tied to milestones. The company’s market value must increase to $100 billion for the first tranche to vest and must continue to increase in additional $50 billion increments for the remaining 11 tranches. Musk, also Tesla’s chairman, was an early investor in the company and is now its biggest shareholder, owning about a fifth of all shares outstanding. He has founded several companies, including rocket maker SpaceX and The Boring Company - leading some to speculate that his interest in leading Tesla could eventually wane. His net worth is about $20 billion, according to Forbes. Musk has vowed that Tesla will become “the best manufacturer on Earth,” helped by a new, highly automated assembly line and a simpler design for its Model 3 sedan. However, production woes have slowed deliveries. While Tesla’s luxury Model S sedans and Model X SUVs have earned it a legion of fans for its technical innovations and respect from the automotive industry, it is the more mass-market Model 3 sedan that is key to the company’s long-term viability. The company said on Tuesday it must meet a set of escalating revenue and adjusted EBITDA targets for Musk to earn compensation tied to the operational milestones. For each tranche, Musk will vest in stock options that correspond to about 1.69 million shares, or 1 percent of Tesla’s current total outstanding shares. The performance award was created by the company’s board in consultation with third party compensation consultant Compensia Inc. It requires the approval of Tesla’s shareholders. Musk and his brother Kimbal did not participate in the more than six-month process. Shareholders, excluding the Musks, will be asked to vote on it in a special shareholder scheduled in late March. Reporting by Subrat Patnaik and Shubham Kalia in Bengaluru, additional reporting by Sonam Rai and Noel Randewich; Writing by Sayantani Ghosh; Editing by Saumyadeb Chakrabarty and Bill Rigby | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
(72 South. 812)
No. 20312.
SCHWING LUMBER & SHINGLE CO., Limited, v. PETERMAN et al.
(March 20, 1916.
On Rehearing, Oct. 30, 1916.)
(Syllabus by the Court.)
1. Constitutional Law <@=>106 — Corporations <@=>500 — Powers and Liabilities — Representation by Officers — Oommence- . ment of Action.
The provision of section 16 of Act No. 267 of 1914, to the effect that the “no exception of want of authority shall lie on the part of any defendant” to any action brought on behalf of a corporation by the authority of its president, vice president, or manager, relates to the remedy, devests no vested right by operating upon pending litigation, and is decisive of the question of the right of a defendant and appellee in this court to urge an exception, filed in the trial court before the passage of the act, and assumed to be leveled at the capacity of the president of the corporation, plaintiff and appellant, to authorize the bringing of the suit.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Constitutional Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 238, 257; Dec. Dig. <@=>106; Corporations, Cent. Dig. §§ 1912, 1940, 1941; Dec. Dig<EMAIL_ADDRESS> 2. Limitation of Actions <@=^104}4, New, vol. 6 ICey-No. Series — Prescription—Computation of Period — Accrual of Cause of Action.
The mere pendency of negotiations with respect to a claim for damages for the unauthorized pulling of the timber of another does not operate to suspend the prescription of one year, against the action on such claim, as established by Act No. 33 of 1902 amending and re-enacting Civ. Code, art. 3537.
3. Limitation of Actions <©=>197(2) — Prescription — Computation of Period — Ignorance of Cause of Action.
This being an action in damages for the un-' authorized pulling, by defendants, of timber belonging to plaintiff, the uncontradicted testimony, offered on behalf of plaintiff, as to the date upon which plaintiff received notice of the depredation, sufficiently establishes that date for the purposes of an exception of prescription, notwithstanding that it appears that the information might have been sooner acquired but for the fact that the ownership of the particular timber in question had been overlooked.
[Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Limitation of Actions, Cent. Dig. § 724; Dec. Dig. <@=>197(2).]
Appeal from Twenty-Third Judicial District Court, Parish of St. Mary; Thomas M. Milling, Judge.
Action by the Schwing Lumber & Shingle Company, Limited, against W. T. Peterman and another. From a judgment for defendants, plaintiff appeals.
Reversed and rendered.
Burke & Smith, of New Iberia, for appellant. Borah, Himel, Bloch & Borah, of Franklin, for appellees.
Statement of the Case.
MONROE, C. J.
This is an action for the recovery of the value of timber, alleged to have been taken by defendants from the lands of plaintiff. The petition reads, in part, as follows:
“This, the petition of the Schwing Lumber & Shingle Company, Limited, a corporation _ duly chartered under the law of this state, domiciled in the parish of Iberville, and whereof Samuel P. Schwing is president, with respect, sets forth,” etc.
It further alleges that plaintiff owns, and for many years has been in possession of, the cypress timber on portions of two certain sections of land in the parish of St. Martin to wit, S. W. Yi of S. W. Yi of section 31, and S. W. Yi of N. E. Yi, N. E. Yi of N. W. Yi, S. E. Yi of N. W. Yi, N. E. Yi of S. W. Yi, and S. E. Yi of section 36 (more fully described in the petition); that defendants have, without right, taken 55,TOO feet of timber from S. W. Yi of said section 31, and 393,019 feet from the other tracts, in section 31; that plaintiff discovered the depredation, in section 31, on May 16, 1908, and in section 36, on November 5, 1909; that, upon the discovery first made, the matter was brought to the attention of defendants, who promised an adjustment, which they have never made; and that there was a similar happening upon the second discovery. Plaintiff claims $13,-461.57, as the value of the timber so taken, when sawed into lumber, or, in the alternative, $3,141.03, as the timber value. By supplemental petition, a further aggregate sum of $10,000 is claimed for alleged damage to timber not actually removed, but prepared for cutting, and for loss that plaintiff alleges that it will sustain in its cutting and removal.
Defendants excepted to the authority of the “plaintiff company” to bring the suit, and to the sufficiency of its allegations; and, their exceptions having been overruled, they filed an answer, alleging ownership of certain described tracts of land in the parish of St. Martin, including the following portions of the sections described in plaintiff’s petition, to wit: W. Ya of N. W. Yi, N. E. Yi of N. W. Yi, N. Ya of N. E. Yi, S. E. Yi of N. E. Yi, N. W. Yi of S. W. Yi, and S. W. Yi of N. W. Yi of section 31; and S. E. Yi of N. E. Yi and N. W. Yi of N. E. % of section 36. They further allege that, in 1907, they arranged with'C. D. Craighead to pull the timber from their land at an agreed price per 1,000 feet, and that, if he pulled from plaintiff’s land, he did so without defendants’ knowledge or authority, and that he, and not defendants, should be held liable therefor.
Further answering, and'only in the event that it should be shown that Craighead pulled timber from plaintiff’s lands, defendants allege that plaintiff, through its agent, had actual knowledge of such pulling more than a year before the institution of this suit, and hence they plead the prescription of one year.
After hearing the evidence, the judge a quo sustained the plea of prescription, and dismissed the suit, and plaintiff has appealed. Defendants have answered, praying that the exception of want of authority be sustained.
The two sections, or. fractional sections, here in question, adjoin each other; section 31 lying to the eastward, in T. 14 S., R. 12 E., and section 36, to the westward, in T. 14 S., R. 11 E., and the relative positions of the tracts in which these litigants are interested will be better understood by reference to the subjoined sketch:
It appears from the evidence that plaintiff owned the timber on the various tracts in the two sections which are indicated on the sketch by the letter “S,” and that the tracts indicated by the letters “P B,” with the timber thereon, were owned by M. Coguenhem; that in May, 1905, Ooguenhem sold his holdings to defendants, who had entered into an arrangement with Leonard & Angelloz for the deadening and pulling of the timber; and that they deadened, not only the timber on the tracts which defendants had thus acquired, but, also, that of which plaintiff was the owner, upon the other tracts.
After the work of deadening had been completed, however, Leonard & Angelloz made another arrangement with defendants, in consequence of which they gave up the pulling contract, and, in 1907, defendants employed Yerret & May on to do that work, and Craighead to superintend it and sell the timber as it was taken out; and we find that in May, 1907, Gath, plaintiff’s swamp manager, discovered the persons thus named pulling plaintiff’s timber, and stopped them from so doing; that he had an interview with Craighead upon the subject, and was told to check up the timber that had been pulled, and that he (Craighead) would “fix the matter” with plaintiffs. The pulling went on, however, and the matter was not fixed; and on May 16, 1908, plaintiff’s secretary wrote a letter to the defendant Peterman as follows:
“We find it strange that you do not write to us regarding timber which was pulled from S. W. % of S. W. Sec. 31. * * * We sent our Phelias Gath out to Duck Lake and he reports that the timber which came from our land has been taken away, and same was measured by Mr. C. D.' Craighead. As the matter is getting to be an old one, we would like you to send in settlement for the timber. We hope you will let us hear from you promptly.”
It is true that Gath testifies that he did not make his discovery until 1908, and that he then, at once, notified plaintiff; and plaintiff’s secretary testifies that he wrote the above-quoted letter immediately upon receiving the notice; but, there is other testimony and documentary evidence which satisfy us that the pulling, to which Gath refers, was done in 1907, and from the expression, in the letter, “the matter is getting to be an old one,” we conclude that, though the writer had but recently heard of it, from Gath, he had then been told that the pulling had been going on since the year before, as we see no reason to suppose that he would have delayed action in a matter of that kind for a year, after being informed about it.
The defendant Peterman answered the letter of May 16th, on May 20th, saying:
“Will attend to timber matter, and let you hear from me later.”
But he did not attend to it, and plaintiff called his attention to it in letters of July 16th and November 20th; and, in due time, received a letter which Peterman, in effect, admits was dictated by him, but which bore no signature. It was dated November 25th, and reads:
“Your favor of the 20th to hand and noted. I am very sorry indeed to have caused you so much delay in settling for timber that was pulled from Duck Lake Swamp, but I wish to say that I have been waiting on a settlement from two of the parties that we sold the timber to, in fact, we are now in litigation with them, demanding a settlement. However, if nothing is done in the matter, soon, we will mail you amount of stump-age.
Mr. Peterman says, in his testimony:
“This letter, as I have said before, was, very probably, written in my office, and dictated by me, but I didn’t sign it, and especially after making this notation in ink” (referring to the word “timber,” which is said to appear on the original, though it is not in the transcribed copy). “I must have had some reason for not doing so. * * * I will say that this letter was not, to my knowledge, mailed by me, and possibly mailed by some one in my office. My impression is that, if I had intended to mail it, at that time, I would have signed it. I think that is about the only letter, if I did mail this one, that I mailed without my signature.”
The evidence is conclusive that 162 trees, belonging to plaintiff, were pulled and sold for defendant’s account and benefit from section 31, and it fails to disclose any sufficient reason why the letter in question should not have been signed and mailed; and, although the assurances therein contained were repeatedly referred to, in letters subsequently written to him by plaintiff, defendant never denied that he had dictated those assurances, nor has he given any good reason for not having mailed them. Between May 16, 1908, and November 5, 1908, inclusive, it appears that plaintiff wrote to defendant some nine letters, all of which, save the last, related to the depredation 'on section 31; and, during that period, no other letters were written by defendants save the two which have been mentioned.
On August 15, 1909, however, the “Rigg’s Cypress Company, Limited,” (of which defendant Peterman was president and general manager), through Mr. William Davis, who also was a person in authority, wrote to plaintiff, making an offer for certain lands owned by it, and concluding as follows:
“We are instructed to say, for Mr. Peterman, that, owing to the absence of Mr. Bell, he has been unable to adjust the matter of timber claimed to have been taken 'from your lands on Duck Lake. As soon as Mr. Bell returns, the matter will be taken up and prompt attention given to same.”
In the course of his examination as a witness, the writer of the letter denied that he had received any such instructions as those referred to. He was then asked:
“Q. When you made that statement, on behalf of Mr. Peterman, are we to understand that the statement was made without the authority of Mr. Peterman?”
And he replied:
“I don’t know that Mr. Peterman ever gave me any authority to make that statement.”
Plaintiff’s letter of November 5,1909, reads, in part, as follows:
“In looking over our lands in section 36, * * * recently, we find that you have pulled the timber on the fractional N. E. % of the S. E. % of the N. E. We think the best way to settle the matter would be for us to go over the land and count the stumps and estimate the timber from the land, and you could settle accordingly. * * * We would, therefore, ask that you advise us, by return mail, when you, or your representative, could meet our representative, on the land, and look over same and estimate the timber taken therefrom, with a view to your settling same. We also call your attention to the fact that you have, so far, failed to settle for the timber pulled by you in the Duck Lake country. Don’t you think this matter has been dragging long enough?”
Within a fortnight thereafter, plaintiff received a letter from Mr. Ed. Le Normand, saying:
“Your letters to Mr. Peterman, in regard to the Duck Lake timber, has (sic) been referred to me, and, as soon as I will be able to get out, I will attend to the matter and adjust the matter if he has cut any timber on you in section 36. * * * ”
Some little correspondence with Le Normand then followed which resulted in the appointment of a meeting between that gentleman and Gath (plaintiff’s timber man) on December 6th; but Gath met with an accident, and the meeting did not take place. Plaintiff then wrote, on December 13th, to Mr. Peterman, saying:
“We are to-day writing to Mr. J. P. Nutall * * * to represent us and go with Mr. Le Normand or some other party you may designate. We trust you will arrange a date promptly to send Mr. Le Normand or some other representative to do this work, and Mr. Nutall will go with him.”
Mr. Nutall says, in his testimony, that, after receiving the request from plaintiff (to quote his language):
“I went up to see Mr. Peterman, and Mr. Peterman told me he had sold his timber that was out on Duck Lake, but I told him I had been authorized to go and make the estimate and came to see him ahout whom (he) was going to send with me. He told me he had no interest there, that he had sold his timber, but, if the Schwing people could show him that he had any of their property, he would pay them, and that, if I was going_ out there for the Schwing people, to report to him what I found and how I found it, which I did. After I got through, I made my report in duplicate and sent Mr. Peterman a copy.”
Mr. Nutall’s letter, to Peterman & Bell, inclosing bis report, bears date August 26, 1910, and reads, in part:
“I herewith mail your report of the estimate made of a portion of the lands of the Schwing Lumber & Shingle Company, Limited. * * * You will see from the report that We actually estimated only a portion of these lands, and approximated the balance. The land is sloughs and viney ridges, most of the hard wood has been blown down, making it very slow, tedious and expensive checking up the pulled timber. And, from what we saw of the different parts of the land, there is very little, if any, difference in the average amount of timber per acre; and we checked up only a portion of it, thinking it would be a sufficient amount in order to average the whole. Should you deem it necessary to do so, we will check over the balance of the land.”
In tbe report thus referred to, Mr. Nutall estimates tbe quantity of plaintiff’s timber that was taken from section 36 at 413,019 feet. Mr. Craighead testifies that be “worked in there four or five months,” and further, as follows:
“Q. In making this agreement with you (referring to the agreement with Peterman & Bell under which he was doing the work), who showed you what land to take charge of? A. I don’t remember whether it was Peterman or Bell that furnished me with a plat of that territory around there, with the numbers on it. Q. Well, it was one of those parties; either one or the other? A. Yes, it was one of the firm. Q. Did that embrace the land in Nos. 1 to 27(24), as testified to by you already? A. Why it included those lands and a good many more. Q. It included them? A. Yes, sir. Q. So the contract between Peterman & Bell (and you), itself, was to cut the timber from that land, from 1 to 24; and you were to receive 50 cents? A. For overlooking the work — 50 cents per thousand feet. Q. Now, the timber that you cut from the lands along the Lake front, where was that sent? A. Portion of it to the Kyle Lumber Company, portion of it to the Berwick Ship Yard, Limited, and Brownell-Drews got some of it. Q. Do you know who got the money for the timber that was cut on that Lake front, on, say, lots 1, 8, and a little fraction, below 8, on the Lake front, that was not included in the numbers; and, also * * * 15, 22, and 23? A. Peterman & Bell got the money or the notes for it. * * * Q. (On cross-ex.) What lots did you work, Mr. Craighead, if you can tell? A. Well, I can’t tell exactly; I could tell, about, from the map. (Examining the map.) Lots 1, 2, and 3; portion of lots 8, 9, and 10; all of lots 23 and 24; portion of lots 22 and 16; portion of lot 15. That is just about what I actually worked myself. * * * Q. You say Ed. Le Normand finished the work, after you left there? A. That is what I understand.”
Tbe defendant Peterman, as we bave seen, informed Mr. Nutall that be bad sold bis interest about Duck Lake, and Mr. Davis testifies that tbe Riggs Cypress Company, of wbicb defendant was president and general manager, became tbe purchaser, at $5.75 per 1,000 feet. Mr. Craigbead, wbo was employed by tbe Riggs Company up to March, 1908, was succeeded by Mr. Le Normand, and it was Le Normand wbo took charge, under tbe orders of Mr. Peterman, acting as president and general manager of the Riggs Company, of tbe pulling of tbe timber which that company bad thus acquired from Peterman & Bell, and which, as it appears, was assumed to bave included plaintiff’s timber. Le Normand testifies that be pulled there for about a month and a half, in tbe latter part of 1909, or in 1910, and that, when be left, Halloway was in charge, as foreman for tbe Riggs Company. He knew that be pulled from section 36, but was unable to follow tbe map and give tbe lines. He was under tbe impression, be says, that tbe sale from Peterman (or Peterman & Bell) to tbe Riggs Company included all tbe land, from tbe Lake shore back.
“I pulled timber,” be continues, from the Lake shore to the back line, where the road was cut. * * * I knew the timber was supposed to belong to him and Mr. Bell, and I understood he had sold it to the Riggs Cypress Company, and they paid for the pulling of it.”
He says that he fastened his pull boat to piles in Duck Lake and pulled from no other land than section 36; that the land on wbicb be found tbe timber deadened, and from wbicb be pulled, was that fronting on tbe Lake — between tbe Lake and tbe Peterman & Bell lands.
According to tbe testimony of Mr. Gath, be did not know until about November, 1909, that plaintiff owned any timber in section 36, and hence did not, until then, call attention to the depredation in that section. And, in that, he is corroborated by Mr. E. B. Schwing, plaintiff’s secretary, who testifies that the tracts in section 36 were among a large number which had been acquired by Wisner & Dresser from the Archafalaya Levee board, and that the timber thereon had been acquired by plaintiff from Wisner & Dresser, who were large stockholders in the company; but that, up to the time of his discovery, Gath had not been furnished with any map showing those facts. His testimony reads, in part, as follows:
“Q. Mr. Schwing, Mr. Gath testified yesterday that he didn’t know of the interest of your company in the lands described in this case (referring to section 36), and it was only by accident that he discovered it, in looking over matters in your office. Please explain why there was any ignorance on his part as to these tracts. A. The people who went into the sawmill business with us, lyisner & Dresser, of New Orleans, acquired these lands from the levee board, in several different parishes; that is, acquired a quantity of lands, scattered through three or four parishes, on which they sold us the cypress timber. In order to keep up with those lands — being new in the business, ourselves — we got them to furnish us maps of the different parishes, showing the lands which they owned, in colors, and we were guided, ourselves, in the operation of those different sections of land, by those maps, furnished by those people, who were, at the time, half owners in our company, and we relied on the information they gave us by maps. Later on, after being in the business several years, we discovered that there were some sections of land which had been omitted on those maps, and we secured from those people copies of the assessment lists, and, later on, made up maps from that, in our own office, making the corrections. At the time Mr. Gath reported to us the depredation on the land we owned in section 31, on Duck Lake, we were using the maps furnished us by Wisner & Dresser, and it was later that we discovered some inaccuracies in the painting of the sections on the map, and we asked and secured those assessment fists and then discovered that we owned cypress timber in section 36, on Duck Lake.”
Defendants, through their counsel, accepted service of the original petition, and waived c-itation, on October 28, 1910, and indorsed a similar acceptance and waiver on the supplemental petition on November 4, 1910. The suit was not filed in court, however, until February 9, 1912.
Opinion.
On the exception that the suit was unauthorized:
The exception reads:
“That the plaintiff company was without right or authority to file said suit; that petitioner does not aver that it was authorized to bring said suit, and it was not, in fact, authorized to bring said suit, and is therefore without authority in the premises.”
The capacity to appear in court for the protection of its rights is vested, by our law, in every corporation established thereunder (O. O. art. 433), and as the exception herein filed does not challenge plaintiff’s corporate existence, and the suit purports to have been brought by it in its corporate capacity, and not by its president, for it, and, as the authority of its attorneys was not denied, under oath, the exception might, properly, have been overruled on its face. But plaintiff thought proper to introduce in evidence its charter, the testimony of its president, and a resolution of its board of directors (adopted long after the filing of the exception), ratifying the bringing of the suit, by the authority of the president; from all of which it appears that though the law and the charter authorizes the corporation to sue and be sued, the charter vests all the corporate authority in the board of directors, and confers no authority, whatever, and imposes no duty, on the president, save to preside over the meetings of the board of directors; but that, since the creation of the corporation, the president, with the tacit consent of the directors, acting individually and separately, has exercised all of the powers which the charter has conferred upon the board of directors, and that this suit was instituted by the authority thus assumed of the president. It is, no doubt, true that, in such cases, where contracts have been executed, or partially executed, the corporations, which have profited thereby, are usually held to be estopped to deny the obligations resulting therefrom, whilst retaining the profits; but where, as in this case, it is shown, in limine litis, by the corporation itself, that a suit has been brought in its name, but by no other authority than that of its president, wholly unauthorized for that purpose, the suit, under our jurisprudence, would have to be dismissed, the subsequent ratification of the board of directors notwithstanding to the contrary, were it not that, in 1914, the General Assembly passed an act which declares:
“That the president, vice president or manager of any corporation organized under the laws of Louisiana, or of a foreign corporation, doing business in this state, shall have power in the name and in behalf of the corporation to authorize the institution of any suit and other legal proceedings and no exception of want of authority shall lie on the part of any defendant.” Act 267, of 1914, § 16, p. 527.
The legislation so enacted relates to the remedy, devests no vested rights, by operating upon pending litigation, and is decisive of the question here at issue. Black on Interpretation of Laws, p. 265 et seq.; 6 R. O. L. pp. 309, 318, 321. The exception was therefore properly overruled.
On the exception of prescription.
Article 3537 of the Civil Code, as amended and re-enacted by Act 33 of 1902, p. 41, establishes the prescription of one year against actions in damages such as this, from the date knowledge of the damage is received by the owner of the timber “injured, cut, damaged or destroyed,” and, as plaintiff received knowledge of the pulling of the 162 trees on section 31, the value of which is here claimed, at least, as early as May 16, 1908, and citation was not waived in this suit until October 28, 1910, it follows that that claim is prescribed, unless the prescription was interrupted, or the bar, having been established, was removed by a promise to pay, signed by the defendant. Conceding (arguendo merely) that the dictation of Peterman’s unsigned letter of November 25, 1908 (the dictation having taken place in the presence of Craighead), and the mailing of it to plaintiff, was a sufficient acknowledgment, under C. C. 3520, to interrupt the prescription, still more than a year elapsed thereafter, before the waiver of citation. The letter may therefore be dismissed as an element in the case.
Plaintiff’s counsel, however, relies upon the following proposition (quoting from their brief), to wit:
“Where A. charges 'B. with having removed timber from A.’s land, and B. enters into negotiations to ascertain if he did so, and appoints experts to estimate the timber so removed, and carries on the negotiations with A., all tending to, and having for their aim, an adjustment of the controversy, and A. is held in abeyance during all of those negotiations, dependent upon the good faith of B. and his desire to settle, there is a suspension of prescription.”
We know of no law which sustains the proposition as above stated, and have been referred to none.
In Stanbrough v. McCall, 4 La. Ann. 323 (cited by the counsel), it was held, on the rehearing (quoting from the syllabus, on page 324) that:
“Where a creditor, whose claim is secured by mortgage, may proceed against the same person by a personal action or by executory proceedings, the institution of proceedings via executiva will interrupt the prescription running against the personal action; and this interruption is continuous, preserving the personal action while the executory proceedings are being prosecuted; and vice versa. And where the mortgage contains the pact de non alienando, a purchaser from the mortgagor, subsequent to the mortgage, will be considered as standing in the place of the mortgagor, and as subject to the same liabilities.”
The suspension of the prescription, in that case, resulted therefore, from the institution and prosecution of a proceeding in court, to enforce the payment of the debt.
In Meyer v. Ludeling, 40 La. Ann. 641, 4 South. 583, also cited by counsel, it was held (quoting the syllabus) that:
“A submission to arbitration of the matter, embraced in the subsequent litigation, and a suit in affirmance of the award, praying that it be made executory, constitute a legal interruption of prescription.”
As to the claim to the 162 trees, taken from section 31, therefore, the plea of prescription was properly sustained.
As to the claim arising from, the depredation on section 36, our learned Brother of the district court reached, the conclusion that, if plaintiff did not acquire knowledge thereof when informed of the depredation on section 31, it should have done so, and, upon that basis, maintained the plea of prescription. We are unable to concur in that view. The testimony of Gath and of plaintiff’s secretary, to the effect that neither of them knew that the timber on section 36 belonged to plaintiff, when the depredation on section 31 was discovered, and that information as to the depredation on section 36 was not conveyed to plaintiff, none of whose officers appear ever to have seen the land, until November 5, 1909, is uncontradicted, and the explanation of the delay appears to' us to be entirely reasonable; wherefore, as the service was accepted and the citation in this case waived within a year from that date, the plea of prescription should have been overruled.
On the Merits.
We find no reason to doubt that defendant received the proceeds of 413,019 feet of timber, found and estimated by Nutall to have been removed from section 36. That which was delivered to the Kyle Lumber Company, the Berwick Ship Yard & Manufacturing Company, and the Jeannerette Lumber Company, was paid for at from $10 to $12 per 1.000 feet, which price, however, included the cost of delivery; that which was puiled under the direction of the defendant Peter-man, from section 36, after Peterman and the Riggs Company had been notified of plaintiff’s claim with regard to that section, was delivered to the Riggs Company at the stump, and defendants were, presumably, paid for it at the rate of $5.75 per 1.000 feet, which is about the only valuation that the evidence enables us to arrive at as the basis of our judgment.
It is therefore ordered that the judgment appealed be annulled, and that there now .be judgment in favor of plaintiff, the Schwing Lumber & Shingle Company, Limited, and against the defendants, Peterman & Bell, and Wilson T. Peterman and John D. Bell, in solido, in the sum of $2,374.75, with interest thereon from the rendition of this judgment. It is further ordered that said defendants pay all costs.
O’NIELL, J., takes no part.
On Rehearing.
LAND, J.
In this case the rehearing was granted “as to the quantity of timber removed,” and the applications for rehearing were otherwise refused. '
The petition alleged that the defendants had “pulled and removed” 393,019 feet of cypress timber from the S. W. Vi of the N. E. Vi, the N. E. Vi of N. W. Vt, S. E. Vi of N. W. Vi, N. E. Vi of S. W. Vi, W. y2 of S. E. Vi and the E. % of S. E. Vi of section 36, township 14 S., range 11, E.
In a supplementary petition, the plaintiff claimed $5,000 additional damages for the depreciation in value of timber left standing after having been worked upon, preparatory to cutting and removal from the premises, and $5,000 more for loss of or additional expense in cutting and pulling the remainder of the timber.
Defendants’ contention that our decree was erroneous in allowing the plaintiff the value of 413,019 feet of timber as taken from section- 36, when plaintiff only asked judgment for 393,019 feet, is well taken (C. P. 156), but cuts no figure in the final result.
Defendants also contend that Nutall’s report does not show the removal by the defendants of more than 77,638 feet from section 36.
It seems to be conceded that this question of quantity must be determined by the testimony and report of Nutall, a surveyor and timber estimator employed by the plaintiff company to make a survey and estimate of timber taken from their lands, in conjunction with another expert to be appointed by the defendants.
Nutall testified that he called the defendant Peterman, who said that he had sold his interest in the timber, but that, if the Schwing people could show him that he had any of their property, h'e .would pay them; that Peterman further said to Nutall that, if he was going out there for the Schwing people, to report to him what he found and how h'e found it; and that Nutall, after finishing the work, sent a duplicate copy of his report to said Peterman.
Nutall reported 16S,548 feet of lumber, including in some cases old trees, which had been cut into or deadened and left on the ground, as removed or taken in section 36.
Nutall in, his estimates allowed for sap rot on the timber on the ground. Nutall did not make an estimate of all the lands claimed by plaintiff, because of sickness.
Gath and Thompson finished the work by estimating the timber removed from the S. E. % of section 36. They reported 514 trees, averaging 400 feet, a total of 206,000 feet. Add Nutall’s 168,548 feet, and we have a total of 375,148 feet, removed or severed from the soil.
Plaintiff sued for 393,014 feet relying on an estimate, without inspection and count, made by Nutall, of timber taken from S. E. % of section 36, the same land referred to in the report of Gath.
We agree with counsel for defendants that the only question before the court on this rehearing is that of quantity.
The best evidence as to quantity, in cases like this, are the reports of such experts as testified in the court below, based on actual inspection and count.
Such reports, corroborated by the testimony of the experts, must be accepted as true, until shown to be erroneous by direct and convincing evidence.
It follows 'that our former decree should be amended by reducing th'e amount awarded against the defendants from $2,374.75 to $2,157.10, and, as thus amended, should be reinstated and made the final judgment of the court; and it is so ordered.
SOMMERVILLE, X, takes no part.
O’NIELL, X, takes no part. | CASELAW |
Page:The Lark - E Nesbit, 1922.djvu/121
122 "An apple-pie, of course," said Lucilla and Jane almost together.
"Good," said Mr, Rochester, actually rubbing his hands, "but, believe me, there are young women—yes, and women old enough to know better—who think that they show refinement by calling an apple-pie an apple-tart. Why don't they consult their dictionaries? A tart is an open piece of pastry with jam, apple, or what-not on it. In the pie the apple or other adjunct is covered."
"Of course it is."
"Of course it is," repeated Mr. Rochester; "and now," he went on, putting down his cup and speaking quite mildly, "perhaps you will tell me . . ."
They looked at each other and felt that the hour had struck. They must tell the truth about the panelling.
". . . Tell me," he ended unexpectedly, "how you managed to get into the house again?"
"But we didn't," said Jane. "You said we weren't to and we didn't. Of course we didn't."
"Then how did you get these things out?"
"?"
"The chairs and tables—the tea-things—the flower-vases—the Belgian pottery?"
Again, and now really startled, they looked at each other. Was it possible that their benefactor could be insane?
"You put them here for us—don't you remember?" said Jane gently.
"It won't do, my dear," he answered with almost equal gentleness. "I may be absent-minded—in fact I am. I may be forgetful—of trifles—but I am not so silly as you suppose. Come—why deny it, when here the things are? Own up! How did you get into the house?"
"We didn't," said Jane with extreme coldness. "Please don't doubt our word. We shouldn't have dreamed of doing anything so dishonourable."
"We found the things here, you know," Lucilla explained quietly. "Don't you think you must have given orders | WIKI |
Page:Historical Works of Venerable Bede vol. 2.djvu/35
in which the young Student was held. His piety, moreover, must have been well known to the Abbot who sent him for ordination, and to the Bishop, who hesitated not to admit him so prematurely to that holy rite. It is moreover said of him that, in his ardour for study, he declined to be raised to the dignity of an Abbot, lest the distraction to which the care of such an establishment, or family, as the Historian expresses it, would subject him, might allow him less time and leisure for his favourite pursuits. "Officium quippe curam requirit, cura mentem distrahit, distractio studium literarum impedit."
This, however, no doubt happened after he took priest's orders in his thirtieth year, though the eleven years which intervened must have been sedulously spent in laying up that store of erudition which afterwards enabled him to bring forth from his treasury things both new and old. For it does not appear that he published any thing in writing until after he had undergone the second of the Church's ordinances. This we have from his own words, "Ex quo tempore accepti Presbyteratus usque ad annum ætatis meæ quinquagesimum nonum, hæc in Scripturam Sanctam meæ meorumque necessitati ex opusculis Venerabilium Patrum breviter adnotare, sive etiam ad formam sensus et interpretationis | WIKI |
Ian Jeffrey
Ian Jeffrey is an English art historian, writer and curator.
Jeffrey is the author of a series of illustrated books on the history of photography. He is a recipient of the Royal Photographic Society's J. Dudley Johnston Award.
Life and work
Jeffrey has held the posts of tutor and professor at Goldsmiths, University of London.
Publications by Jeffrey
* The Real Thing: An Anthology of British Photographs 1840–1950, London: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1974.
* Photography: A Concise History. London: Thames & Hudson, 1981, 1989. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>879.
* The British Landscape 1920-1950. London: Thames & Hudson, 1984. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>986.
* Timeframes: The Story of Photography. New York City: Watson-Guptill, 1998. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>150.
* An American Journey: The Photography of William England. Munich; New York; London: Prestel, 1999. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>585.
* ReVisions: An Alternative History of Photography. Bradford: National Museum of Photography, Film and Television, 1999. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>600.
* The Photography Book. London: Phaidon, 2005. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>886.
* Second, revised edition. London: Phaidon, 2014. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>380.
* How to Read a Photograph: Understanding, Interpreting and Enjoying the Great Photographers. London: Thames & Hudson, 2009. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>842.
Publications edited by Jeffrey
* Cityscape 1910-39: Urban Themes in American, German and British Art. London: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1977. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>373. Exhibition catalogue.
* Bill Brandt: Photographs 1928-1983. London: Thames & Hudson, 1994. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>263.
* Josef Sudek. Phaidon 55. London; New York: Phaidon, 2001. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>687.
* Shomei Tomatsu. London; New York: Phaidon, 2001. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>192.
* Magnum Landscape. London; New York: Phaidon, 2005. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>227.
* The Art of Kyffin Williams. London: Royal Academy of Arts, 2007. With Nicholas Sinclair. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>000.
* Bill Brandt. Photofile. London: Thames & Hudson, 2007. ISBN<PHONE_NUMBER>882.
Awards
* 2005: J. Dudley Johnston Award, Royal Photographic Society, Bath. Shared with David Alan Mellor.
Exhibitions of Jeffrey's photographs
* Universal Pictures, Kettle's Yard, Cambridge, 2005/2006
Exhibitions curated by Jeffrey
* The Real Thing, Hayward Gallery, 1974. Curated by Jeffrey and David Alan Mellor.
* Cityscape 1910-39: Urban Themes in American, German and British Art, Cartwright Hall, Bradford, 1977; City Museum and Art Gallery, Portsmouth, 1977; Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1977; Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1978. Curated by Jeffrey and David Alan Mellor. | WIKI |
1419041 2017-02-03 14:05:41 +0000 db setup failure after broken pipe during setup 2017-11-08 15:23:44 +0000 1 1 1 Red Hat Red Hat CloudForms Management Engine Appliance 5.6.0 Unspecified Unspecified CLOSED WORKSFORME black medium medium GA 1 lcouzens gtanzill abellott boyao dajohnso greartes jhardy lcouzens obarenbo lcouzens If docs needed, set a value --- 2017-11-08 15:23:44 Bug --- --- --- --- --- --- cfme-future oldest_to_newest 10119267 0 lcouzens 2017-02-03 14:05:41 +0000 Description of problem:retrying appliance_console setup fails after an intial setup disconnects from broken pipe session. Version-Release number of selected component (if applicable):5.6.4 How reproducible:100% Steps to Reproduce: 1.Get appliance 2.run appliance_console 3.setup db 4.close terminal during 'Initialize postgresql starting' 5.reconnect to appliance 6.run appliance_console 7.setup db again or option 4 'reset database' Actual results: setup = Initialize postgresql failed with error - service exit code: 1. reset db = Failed to reset database Expected results:database configuration should setup correctly, or be recoverable. Additional info: appliance_console.log shows ERROR: Data directory /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql94/lib/pgsql/data is not empty! and I presume for db reset failed to detect some/all DB configuration http://pastebin.test.redhat.com/452116 A work around for this other than deploying a new appliance is if I manually clear out /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql94/lib/pgsql/data I can then run appliance_cosole configure db again and it configures correctly. 10835771 2 boyao 2017-09-27 14:03:47 +0000 Hi Luke, I can't reproduce it in the most recent appliance console. The part you mentioned was fixed in https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1426769 by Nick Carboni. In Nick's fix, if the data directory mentioned by you is not empty, appliance console will rm -rf it's content first. The same as you did manually. See: https://github.com/ailisp/manageiq-gems-pending/blob/master/lib/gems/pending/util/postgres_admin.rb#L84 But there's still a problem: when db created successfully, but you close the terminal before database.yml created, appliance console will not allow us to create another internal db and ask us to reset first. If we reset db, it will show "Failed to reset database" and in appliance_console.log shows fail because of "database.yml doesn't exist". Should this be consider as the same BZ or create a new one? Since the error message and reason is different -- Even in your case, if you delete postgres data dir, you'll still (very likely) come to this "Failed to reset database because there's no database.yml" situation. Thank you. Regards, Bo 10838558 3 lcouzens 2017-09-28 08:04:58 +0000 Hi Bo, I think this bz could be closed due to Nicks fix, and I opt for opening a new one for the database.yml if there is still another problem there. Thanks, Luke | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Third Reich (third empire) is a semi-anglification of "Das Dritte Reich", the term used to describe Germany under the Nazi regime. Sometimes also referred to as the Thousand Year Reich, as it was intend by its founder, Adolf Hitler, to stand for 1000 years. The "First Reich" was supposed to be the Holy Roman Empire, the "Second Reich" the German empire from 1871 to 1919.
Hitler very self-consciously tried to align his movement with great successes of the past which would resonate within the German people, and he definitely intended that his creation would bring his name and image to the whole world for 1000 years, so both terms were used repeatedly to build this sense of history, strength and inevitability in the minds of all Germans.
Initially Hitler's plans seemed to be well on their way to fruition. At its height, the Third Reich controlled the greater part of Europe. However, the Third Reich lasted only 13 years, from 1933 until 1945 (see Nazi Germany). | FINEWEB-EDU |
Tehran Metro Line 3
Tehran Metro Line 3 travels from northeast to southwest. Line 3 is one of the most important lines as it connects southwest Tehran to northeast, crosses busy parts of the capital city, and can help to alleviate traffic problems. About 7 km of Line 3 became operational in December 2012, followed by 12 km in April 2014, and finally, the last section of the line which is 18 km opened on September 22, 2015, increasing the length of the line to a total of 33.7 km.
Route
The line starts from northeastern Tehran at Shahrak-e Qa'em going westward parallel to but 300 m north of Artesh Expressway, passing through Aghdasieh neighbourhood. Then it turns south at the end of Artesh Expressway going to Nobonyad Square. It then turns towards Sayyad Expressway and runs southward along it for about 5.6 km. At Sabalan square, it then turns west, going under Beheshti Street, intersecting with Line 1 at Shahid Beheshti Station. It then turns towards south, going under Valiasr Street for 7.7 km, until it reaches Rahahan Square, providing access to Tehran railway station. It then turns towards southwest, passing through Javadiyeh and then going along Cheraghi Expressway and Saidi Expressway. The line then terminates at Azadegan Station at the intersection of Saidi Expressway with Azadegan Expressway. | WIKI |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 118.djvu/3154
118 STAT. 3124 PUBLIC LAW 108–447—DEC. 8, 2004 106–113, of which $10,000,000 shall be for a psychiatric treatment facility in Bethel, Alaska, $10,000,000 shall be for residential and supportive housing for elders, $2,500,000 shall be for medical and dental equipment for rural clinics, and $5,000,000 shall be for upgrade and construction of shelters for victims of domestic violence and child abuse. HEALTH EDUCATION ASSISTANCE LOANS PROGRAM ACCOUNT Such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purpose of the program, as authorized by title VII of the Public Health Service Act, as amended. For administrative expenses to carry out the guaranteed loan program, including section 709 of the Public Health Service Act, $3,270,000. VACCINE INJURY COMPENSATION PROGRAM TRUST FUND For payments from the Vaccine Injury Compensation Program Trust Fund, such sums as may be necessary for claims associated with vaccine related injury or death with respect to vaccines administered after September 30, 1988, pursuant to subtitle 2 of title XXI of the Public Health Service Act, to remain available until expended: Provided, That for necessary administrative expenses, not to exceed $3,176,000 shall be available from the Trust Fund to the Secretary of Health and Human Services. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION DISEASE CONTROL, RESEARCH, AND TRAINING To carry out titles II, III, VII, XI, XV, XVII, XIX, XXI, and XXVI of the Public Health Service Act, sections 101, 102, 103, 201, 202, 203, 301, and 501 of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, sections 20, 21, and 22 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, title IV of the Immigration and Nationality Act, and section 501 of the Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980; including purchase and insurance of official motor vehicles in foreign countries; and purchase, hire, maintenance, and operation of aircraft, $4,533,911,000, of which $272,000,000 shall remain available until expended for equipment, and construction and ren ovation of facilities, and of which $124,882,000 for international HIV/AIDS shall remain available until September 30, 2006. In addition, such sums as may be derived from authorized user fees, which shall be credited to this account: Provided, That in addition to amounts provided herein, the following amounts shall be avail able from amounts available under section 241 of the Public Health Service Act: (1) $12,794,000 to carry out the National Immunization Surveys; (2) $109,021,000 to carry out the National Center for Health Statistics surveys; (3) $24,751,000 to carry out information systems standards development and architecture and applications based research used at local public health levels; (4) $463,000 for Health Marketing evaluations; (5) $31,000,000 to carry out Public Health Research; and (6) $87,071,000 to carry out Research Tools and Approaches activities within the National Occupational Research Agenda: Provided further, That none of the funds made available for injury prevention and control at the Centers for Dis ease Control and Prevention may be used, in whole or in part, to advocate or promote gun control: Provided further, That up
� | WIKI |
= ZMS4 Changelog = == 4.0.0dev (in development) == * TBA, still alpha-Version * runs on Zope 4.0 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Zope * Source: https://zmslabs.org/trac/browser/ZMS/branches/zms4 * Download: https://zmslabs.org/download/ZMS4-latest.tar.gz ---- = ZMS3 Changelog = == 3.4.4dev (in development) == * TBA * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=5006&limit=200 latest changes...] == 3.4.3 (2019-05-11) == * Added more AC-Tests (with Selenium) * Improved ZMSIndex-GUI for XL-Multisites, added indexed shortcuts-URLs * Improved Repository-Manager: bidirectional file-system sync of ZMS content models * Updated CKEditor 4.11.1, jQuery-3.3.1 * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=4619&stop_rev=5045&limit=200 more in 3.4.3...] == 3.4.2 (2018-06-30) == * Prepared Py3-Compatibillty ("2to3") * Added ZMSObjectSet-Type for table like handling of complex ZMS object classes * Updated CKEditor 4.8.0 * ZMS-mediadb can save it's files in a folder hierarchie * Added ZMS4-XML-Import-Export * Added a lot of minor fixes * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=4618&stop_rev=4210&limit=400 more in 3.4.2...] == 3.4.0 (2017-09-23) == * Optimized internal referencing of External Methods for multisites * Added AC-Tests (with Selenium) * New css-grid based base template, made skins init-able * New action for changing stereotype (meta_id) of object * Updated query 3.2.1, bootstrap 3.3.7, TinyMCE-4.6.4 * Lots of minor fixes * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&stop_rev=4209&stop_rev=3902&limit=300 more in 3.4.0...] == 3.3.3 (2017-01-04) == * Performance: made ZMI faster with link validation * GUI: moved access menu to the configuration menu set * Plugins: replaced fancybox plugin with ZMSlightbox * Content modelling: enabled dynamic insertable sub-objects using the Custom(*)-Element option in combination with a list generating python code (starting with ‘##’!!) as default value * several minor fixes * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3901&stop_rev=3822&limit=200 more in 3.3.3...] == 3.3.2 (2016-10-03) == * Added smooth top-scrolling button * Fixed missing JS delimiter, fixed record set sorting * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3821&stop_rev=3804&limit=200 more in 3.3.2...] == 3.3.1 (2016-09-15) == * Fixed initial activity of primary language in multilingual sites * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3803&stop_rev=3794&limit=200 more in 3.3.1...] == 3.3.0 (2016-09-01) == * GUI improvements of main menu 'properties' * Improved error handling on deprecated API calls * Replaced CKEditor linking menu by the ZMS-own linking menu * Fixed custom role deleting and snychronizing over a multi-site * Added a lot of minor fixes and improvements * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3793&stop_rev=3745&limit=200 more in 3.3.0...] == 3.2.4 (2016-06-29) == * Added new GUI element: multiple url-inputs * Improved Access-Tab: user-details in grid-view * Added interactive column-filters to ZMSSqlDb/ZMSRecordSet * Refactored ZMSZCatalogAdapter: index content in central ZCatalog * Updated ZMSIndex-1.0.0: stable * Updated CKEditor-4.5.7 * Updated jquery-2.2.2 * Replaced classic Zope GUI on "console pages" by a ZMS generated skin (zms.conf: zmi.console=dark|light|classic) * Updated and added several python modules to setup * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3744&stop_rev=3594&limit=200 more in 3.2.4...] == 3.2.3 (2016-03-02) == * Added cross-language linking * Cached config requests * Added tab-type actions to expand the zmi main menu with custom tabs (IMPORTANT: please import default.metacmd to restore menu-tabs) * Improved gui responsiveness * Improved gui performance (loading context menu faster) * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3593&stop_rev=3525&limit=200 more in 3.2.3...] == 3.2.2 (2015-12-30) == * Added system property ZMSObject.getHref2IndexHtmlInContext.relativate for rendering relative links * Fixed ZMSSQLDB binary handling error and resident filter names * Fixed ZMSGraphic image cropping tool for bootstrap * Some GUI improvements for mobile devices * Removed deprecated api * Removed optional packages in default system * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3524&stop_rev=3493&limit=200 more in 3.2.2...] == 3.2.1 (2015-12-02) == * Updated to Bootstrap v3.3.6 * Updated Content Models (ZMSTable, ZMSSQLDB, ZMSFile, ZMSLinkElement) * Updated zms3.formulator-3.3.7 * Better Performance for SQL-Grids * Added Support for Object Content Checking Constraints * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3492&stop_rev=3385&limit=200 more in 3.2.1...] == 3.2.0 (2015-10-28) == * Integrated ZMSIndex (Link Persistence) to ZMSCore * Added History and Favorites Menu to Sitemap * Upgraded ZMSSQLDB * Upgraded ZMSFormulator to support SQL-Storages * Added ZMSExtensionUtility at Installed Libraries * Added ZMSThemes based on Start Bootstrap * Added ZMSPhotoDB to handle EXIF/XMP/IPTC metadata * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3384&stop_rev=3247&limit=200 more in 3.2.0...] == 3.1.7 (2015-08-07) == * Fixed various issues * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3246&stop_rev=3194&limit=200 more in 3.1.7...] == 3.1.6 (2015-06-29) == * Fixed issue on closing link browser == 3.1.5 (2015-06-26) == * Added ZMSIndex using ZCatalog * Improved content-modelling (permission-settings, error-handling, role-definitions) * Improved performance of user-management * Updated to TinyMCE-4.1.10 and CKEditor-4.4.7 * Updated to Bootstrap-3.3.5 and jQuery-2.1.4 (1.11.3) * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3189&stop_rev=3111&limit=200 more in 3.1.5...] == 3.1.4 (2015-05-05) == * Fixed problem on startup instance == 3.1.3 (2015-04-29) == * Added Search Connectors (Defaults: ZCatalog, Apache Solr) * Revised Object Browser for more efficient linking * Added Role- and ClientID-based CSS classes for customizing multisite ZMI * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3102&stop_rev=3015&limit=200 more in 3.1.3...] == 3.1.2 (2015-02-25) == * Added ZCatalog-Adapter * Added ZMSTheme changing capabilities * Updated standard Theme * Updated Framework package versions * Improved ZMSSqlDb * Removed ZMS2 artefacts * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=3014&stop_rev=2886&limit=200 more in 3.1.2...] == 3.1.1 (2015-01-24) == * Fixed problem on using legacy DTML-Methods == 3.1.0 (2014-12-31) == * Added support for Pluggable Authentication Services * Updated to TinyMCE-4.1.5 and CKEditor-4.4.4 * Improved integration of ACE Editor * Improved Metacmd-Manager * Removed dependencies on Python <2.7 and Zope <2.13 * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=2885&stop_rev=2737&limit=200 more in 3.1.0...] == 3.0.4 (2014-09-08) == * Fixed update procedure * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=2736&stop_rev=2725&limit=200 more in 3.0.4...] == 3.0.3 (2014-08-31) == * Fixed Metacmd-Manager * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=2724&stop_rev=2719&limit=200 more in 3.0.3...] == 3.0.2 (2014-08-27) == * Updated to Bootstrap-3.2.0 * Made object browser entry node depending on access rights on multisites * Added user role as zmi body element css class * Added support for $INSTANCE_HOME in mediadb-location * Added Metacmd-Provider * Fixed ZMSTable cellformat selection * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=2718&stop_rev=2658&limit=200 more in 3.0.2...] == 3.0.1 (2014-06-25) == * [https://zmslabs.org/trac/log/ZMS/trunk?action=stop_on_copy&mode=stop_on_copy&rev=2657&stop_rev=2479&limit=200 more in 3.0.1...] | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Milbe
Etymology
From, , from. Cognate with archaic 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Further related with 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬.
Also compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, which could be related.
Noun
* 1) mite (an arachnid) | WIKI |
Page:The empire and the century.djvu/868
thoughts would remain without result. The recommendation of individual administrators would no doubt vary widely; but there is no reason why the principle of local initiative, which has been so successful in the self-governing Colonies, should not be adapted by the white element in the Crown Colonies to produce through different channels similarly satisfactory results. What is needed is that public interest should awaken to the fact that vast territories, of which the industrial wealth has been as yet barely touched, lie waiting for development. If this could happen, the rest would surely follow. Did Lancashire believe that the cotton required to feed her looms could be produced wholly within the Empire, there would not be lacking either capital or energy to establish a cotton-planting industry in all suitable Colonies. The creation of the British Cotton-Growing Association already points to a movement in this direction. Not only questions of planting, but questions of transport, questions of labour, questions of administration, and questions of taxation—which extended administration must always carry in its train—would no longer be simply catalogued in a list of obstacles—they would be faced and dealt with. Men would not content themselves with pointing out that native cottons are usually of the wrong staple. They would introduce systems of cultivation which should produce cotton of the right staple. They would not rest with the observation that difficulties of transport raise the price of native goods above any profitable level. They would insist on the creation of systems of transport which would put an end to this artificial price. They would not feel that all was said on the thorny question of native labour when it is pointed out that food in the tropics is too cheap to induce the native to work voluntarily for his bread, and that any attempt to force him to work is slavery in disguise. The most practical minds would be set to find a solution of the labour problem, and in the organization of free labour existing generations would make a further step in the path | WIKI |
Dreaming of a smile that would make a game-show host jealous? We feel you. While results for each individual can vary, we want to help you brighten those pearly whites. But before you book in for teeth whitening, check out the answers to these common questions:
Will it work for me?
It depends on your teeth – which is why we recommend you come in and see us. For some people, teeth or gum sensitivity, or fillings, may mean whitening isn’t recommended for you. If that’s the case, the Mint*d smile crew can come up with a different approach to polish up your smile.
It’s also worth knowing that diet, ageing, alcohol, smoking and some medications can also affect how well teeth whitening treatments work, so we’ll take a thorough history before your treatment starts.
How long will it last?
How long is a piece of string? We can’t give you a definitive answer here, but the truth is results vary. In some cases whitening will last for months, but it depends on the technique used, the product and the condition of your teeth as well as your after care.
How does in-chair teeth whitening work at Mint*d?
It’s easy! We’re the only people in Australia using the high-tech GLO Science whitening system (we’re pretty proud of that, just quietly) that gets faster results without much sensitivity. First, your dentist will check your teeth are in good nick, then they’ll apply a protective gel to your gums. The whitening solution, containing hydrogen peroxide, is then applied. Your teeth will be exposed to a special light and heat source that begins the process. Your teeth will be brightened in just over an hour.
How much does professional teeth whitening cost?
There are two options for in-chair whitening. The Whitening costs $399, and includes an in-chair teeth whitening treatment and desensitising procedure (if you need it). Hydrogen peroxide is the main ingredient in our teeth whitening solutions. As dentists, we’re legally allowed to use a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, which is stronger than you’ll get from non-dental providers. We also have a 24% option for those with more sensitive teeth.
Can I do it at home?
Yep, you sure can! We provide at-home whitening kits including trays that will mould to the shape of your teeth and whitening solution. Oh, and instructions of course. Those cost $149 and contain 6% hydrogen peroxide. Hit up your smile crew if you want in.
For even better results, consider our The Whitening: Home Edition, which costs $349 and includes:
• A take-home whitening kit
• Dental and gum check-up
• Clean and polish
• Personalised treatment plan (if you need it)
• X-rays and fluoride treatment (if you need it)
This way you bundle your oral health prevention in with your take-home whitening pack – it’s a no brainer.
Why are my teeth stained?
The usual suspects are coffee, red wine and tobacco, but acid wear or trauma to teeth can also be at fault. The good news is that we can help.
Will a teeth clean help whiten my teeth?
It can! If your teeth are stained, a clean can help brighten your teeth by removing some surface stains and plaque build-up. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
blob: 4b444888aa9bb51c5a660aee67f385dd6f20c021 [file] [log] [blame]
/*
* ioe_e4defrag: ioengine for git://git.kernel.dk/fio.git
*
* IO engine that does regular EXT4_IOC_MOVE_EXT ioctls to simulate
* defragment activity
*
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "../fio.h"
#include "../optgroup.h"
#ifndef EXT4_IOC_MOVE_EXT
#define EXT4_IOC_MOVE_EXT _IOWR('f', 15, struct move_extent)
struct move_extent {
__u32 reserved; /* should be zero */
__u32 donor_fd; /* donor file descriptor */
__u64 orig_start; /* logical start offset in block for orig */
__u64 donor_start; /* logical start offset in block for donor */
__u64 len; /* block length to be moved */
__u64 moved_len; /* moved block length */
};
#endif
struct e4defrag_data {
int donor_fd;
int bsz;
};
struct e4defrag_options {
void *pad;
unsigned int inplace;
char * donor_name;
};
static struct fio_option options[] = {
{
.name = "donorname",
.lname = "Donor Name",
.type = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
.off1 = offsetof(struct e4defrag_options, donor_name),
.help = "File used as a block donor",
.category = FIO_OPT_C_ENGINE,
.group = FIO_OPT_G_E4DEFRAG,
},
{
.name = "inplace",
.lname = "In Place",
.type = FIO_OPT_INT,
.off1 = offsetof(struct e4defrag_options, inplace),
.minval = 0,
.maxval = 1,
.help = "Alloc and free space inside defrag event",
.category = FIO_OPT_C_ENGINE,
.group = FIO_OPT_G_E4DEFRAG,
},
{
.name = NULL,
},
};
static int fio_e4defrag_init(struct thread_data *td)
{
int r, len = 0;
struct e4defrag_options *o = td->eo;
struct e4defrag_data *ed;
struct stat stub;
char donor_name[PATH_MAX];
if (!strlen(o->donor_name)) {
log_err("'donorname' options required\n");
return 1;
}
ed = malloc(sizeof(*ed));
if (!ed) {
td_verror(td, ENOMEM, "io_queue_init");
return 1;
}
memset(ed, 0 ,sizeof(*ed));
if (td->o.directory)
len = sprintf(donor_name, "%s/", td->o.directory);
sprintf(donor_name + len, "%s", o->donor_name);
ed->donor_fd = open(donor_name, O_CREAT|O_WRONLY, 0644);
if (ed->donor_fd < 0) {
td_verror(td, errno, "io_queue_init");
log_err("Can't open donor file %s err:%d\n", donor_name, ed->donor_fd);
free(ed);
return 1;
}
if (!o->inplace) {
long long __len = td->o.file_size_high - td->o.start_offset;
r = fallocate(ed->donor_fd, 0, td->o.start_offset, __len);
if (r)
goto err;
}
r = fstat(ed->donor_fd, &stub);
if (r)
goto err;
ed->bsz = stub.st_blksize;
td->io_ops_data = ed;
return 0;
err:
td_verror(td, errno, "io_queue_init");
close(ed->donor_fd);
free(ed);
return 1;
}
static void fio_e4defrag_cleanup(struct thread_data *td)
{
struct e4defrag_data *ed = td->io_ops_data;
if (ed) {
if (ed->donor_fd >= 0)
close(ed->donor_fd);
free(ed);
}
}
static int fio_e4defrag_queue(struct thread_data *td, struct io_u *io_u)
{
int ret;
unsigned long long len;
struct move_extent me;
struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
struct e4defrag_data *ed = td->io_ops_data;
struct e4defrag_options *o = td->eo;
fio_ro_check(td, io_u);
/* Theoretically defragmentation should not change data, but it
* changes data layout. So this function handle only DDIR_WRITE
* in order to satisfy strict read only access pattern
*/
if (io_u->ddir != DDIR_WRITE) {
io_u->error = EINVAL;
return FIO_Q_COMPLETED;
}
if (o->inplace) {
ret = fallocate(ed->donor_fd, 0, io_u->offset, io_u->xfer_buflen);
if (ret)
goto out;
}
memset(&me, 0, sizeof(me));
me.donor_fd = ed->donor_fd;
me.orig_start = io_u->offset / ed->bsz;
me.donor_start = me.orig_start;
len = (io_u->offset + io_u->xfer_buflen + ed->bsz -1);
me.len = len / ed->bsz - me.orig_start;
ret = ioctl(f->fd, EXT4_IOC_MOVE_EXT, &me);
len = me.moved_len * ed->bsz;
if (len > io_u->xfer_buflen)
len = io_u->xfer_buflen;
if (len != io_u->xfer_buflen) {
if (len) {
io_u->resid = io_u->xfer_buflen - len;
io_u->error = 0;
} else {
/* access beyond i_size */
io_u->error = EINVAL;
}
}
if (ret)
io_u->error = errno;
if (o->inplace)
ret = ftruncate(ed->donor_fd, 0);
out:
if (ret && !io_u->error)
io_u->error = errno;
return FIO_Q_COMPLETED;
}
static struct ioengine_ops ioengine = {
.name = "e4defrag",
.version = FIO_IOOPS_VERSION,
.init = fio_e4defrag_init,
.queue = fio_e4defrag_queue,
.open_file = generic_open_file,
.close_file = generic_close_file,
.get_file_size = generic_get_file_size,
.flags = FIO_SYNCIO,
.cleanup = fio_e4defrag_cleanup,
.options = options,
.option_struct_size = sizeof(struct e4defrag_options),
};
static void fio_init fio_syncio_register(void)
{
register_ioengine(&ioengine);
}
static void fio_exit fio_syncio_unregister(void)
{
unregister_ioengine(&ioengine);
} | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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Google Login and Single Sign-on to Google Services in Chrome in an AD environment
I've previously posted about the ability to manage Windows PCs in the Google Admin Console. However, what if you are still managing your PCs via local active directory, but use Google Workspace for most things? Well you can have your cake and eat it - you just need to use Google Credential Provider for Windows and do a few configurations.
Step 1 - update your users on the Google Admin Console
You need to add a custom attribute to all of your users (at least those who use PCs) on the Google Admin console to link them with their local AD account. So you need to create a custom attribute in the Google admin console and populate this with the AD windows user details:
The custom attribute you need is Enhanced_desktop_security and the field is AD_account. Detailed instructions can be found here.
You can auto populate this field using GADS (Google Apps Directory Sync) if you use this to auto provision your accounts in Google from AD. Alternatively, you can populate them in bulk with a Google Sheets script or manually add them.
Step 2 - Deploy the GCPW and required registry settings
Download the MSI installer from here and deploy via Group Policy or SCCM as normal.
Deploy the following registry settings vis group policy:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\GCPW]
"domains_allowed_to_login"="yourgoogledomainname"
"enable_dm_enrollment"=dword:00000000
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Google\DriveFS]
"ForceBrowserAuth"=dword:00000001
"AutoStartOnLogin"=dword:00000001
The first key specifies the domain allowed to login. If you just put one domain in then the domain is auto-populated on the login screen. However, you can specify multiple domains.
The second key prevents GCPW from trying to enrol the machine on the Google Admin console - we are managing machines here with local group policy. See my other blog posts to cloud manage a machine.
The other two are for the Google Drive App. These are optional, but will auto start the Google Drive app and prompt authentication in the browser. As GCPW does single sign-on then the Drive Apps is signed in.
Step 3 - Testing
If you are using local Chrome policies - you need to test how they interact with GCPW for all policies you have.
The end result
People sign into Chromebooks and PCs with the same account.
Using GCPW updates the local AD password to match the Google one - so if you have apps that auto via a connection to AD these work automatically with the Google Credentials
Chrome has the user automatically signed in after login - so you have single sign-on to all of your Google services.
Comments
1. Gerat post. Does your 2-step verification work fine with Google Single Sign-on?
On our laptops everything works except for our 2-step security keys (SMS works).
Also 2-step verification kicks in each time when laptop is restarted and from what I saw it supposed to remember the client / laptop for 30 days.
ReplyDelete
Replies
1. 2-step verification does work - but not yet with USB keys - so if they have a key - they need another methods - Auth app or Google prompt. I'm hoping support will come soon.
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My favorite GAM commands - well a few of them at least!
Where would be without GAM? Paying for expensive syncing tools or doing tedious manual tasks in the admin console. GAM can automate most things you might want to do in G Suite. So these are a few of my favourite commands - one I use either as part of a batch file - or just standalone. There are loads more - but these are ones that are used daily. Classroom Create a spreadsheet of all your domains classes - gam print courses todrive Create a spreadsheet of a teacher's classes: gam print courses teacher fred@mydomain.com todrive Bulk create classes: gam csv classes.csv gam create course alias ~alias name ~alias section ~subject teacher ~teacher status ACTIVE where classes.csv is a list of classes you want to make. Add teachers: gam csv teachers.csv gam course ~alias add teacher ~teacher Add students: gam csv students.csv gam course ~alias add teacher ~student Sync Students (in this example to a group - but could be an ou/csv file) gam csv groups.csv gam course ~g
Delete a specific email using GAM
If a user send an inappropriate email to a loads of people or get stung by some sort of email exploit you can quickly delete the email from all of the recipients using a GAM command. Step 1 - get the email header Go into Google Vault and search for the offending user or someone known to have got the message. Click show details and grab the email ID. This will be a long string of characters followed by @mail.gmail.com Step 2 - find out who has the email Go into Google Vault and find the original message sent by the offending user. Look at the details to see who got it. Copy the list and dump it into a spreadsheet. Clean up to just a list of emails with a column header 'mail'. Save as a csv file. Step 3 - delete messages with GAM Put your CSV file in your GAM folder - this e.g. assumes its called mail.csv Run: gam csv mail.csv gam user ~mail delete messages query rfc822msgid: MESSAGEIDHERE doit The alternative nuke option is: gam all users delete messages query rf
How to provision Google Classroom using GAM and sync to Capita SIMS
This is a guide (or documentation for my own use!) to the provisioning of Google Classrooms across a large domain and how to achieve ongoing sync of student members. The advantages of doing this are: Teachers don't have to do anything - all their classes are just there. You can add multiple teachers to classrooms. No inviting a secondary teacher. Students have all their classes at the start of the term. Students are automatically in the correct classes. Classes have totally consistent names. You can do it for FREE - however, there are paid for options if you don't want to go the DIY approach. The following requires you to have the student, staff and optionally, guardian emails on SIMS. Step 1 - Setup up GAM - you need this to do command line processing on your domain. It's a very powerful tool to do batch commands. Step 2 - Export a list of current Classrooms and archive any you don't want. I'd recommend this as it means users will only see the ones | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
BIAS & SCIENTIFIC LITERACY
Contrary to popular consensus scientific literacy should focus on being familiar with the foundational principles and processes of science, and not simply memorising a list of prescribed scientific facts
The Butterfly Effect is the term coined by mathematician Edward Lorenz to indicate that a small cause, such as the flapping of a butterfly’s wings - which has very little effect on air flow, could nevertheless cause a dramatic effect like a distant hurricane. The expression is commonly accepted as evidence that “anything complex can feasibly develop”; but Lorenz actually used the term to explain something far more radical and thought-provoking: that it is never possible to predict the behavior of a singular event when it is complex. It is called Chaos Theory (see Scientific Complexity).
This simple idea, illustrated by the prettiest of insects, is also symbolic of a fundamental bias our current culture has with respect to science. Our culture wants to accept that “anything can happen" and "counter-intuitive findings can be believed”. These ideas are often related to scientism: an excessive trust in the power of the scientific method. But in reality science attests to the unpredictability of the natural world and the impossibility of fully knowing certain things.
Today, most of science focuses on issues which are complex. Examples include: to predict how people react to foods, micro-organisms, contaminants, and medications; to accurately forecast weather and climate; and to describe the psychology, physics and chemistry that can modify life forms. So the idea it is impossible to conclusively answer these questions is frequently rejected. So we chose to believe the precision of new observation instruments, the increased power and speed of computers, and the power of the scientific method, can overcome the issues of complexity and chaos.
My career has involved the development and application of mathematical models based on the laws of physics, data collection and analysis, in the broad field of dispute resolution. Despite this experience I know my knowledge is insufficient to give judgments on complex topics. But perhaps some help can still be presented.
Prior to starting to form any opinion about complex topics some background is needed. In fact it forms the greater part of scientific literacy. Scientific literacy should be about being familiar with the foundational principles and the processes of science, and not memorizing a list of prescribed scientific facts like the difference between an asteroid, a meteor, and a comet or listing the noble gasses (examples from tests posted on the internet). Modern scientific literacy must start with an appreciation of six abstract nouns. Without a good handle on these concepts one can never expect get to grips with complex themes. They are listed below; but it must be said they are not the focus in the general understanding of the idea of scientific literacy:
Complexity: An event where many things interact in many ways according to the laws of physics and chemistry;
Chaos: A complex event where the result of the interactions depends on exactly how it got underway;
Emergence: The result of a complex event, often a natural one, which cannot be explained in any precise detail;
Probability: For complex topics it is an inappropriate concept. (For non-complex issues it is the chance of being true based upon the assumptions made. In a practical sense impossibility can be defined as being 1050 to 10150 - depending upon the degree of certainty needed;
Assumption: A necessary conjecture that provides the starting point for a complex scientific study. The nature of the assumption provides insights into hidden biases;
Anomaly: Any data point that does not agree with a theory. The approach a scientist takes to address anomalies provides insights into their biases.
A quick inspection of these definitions shows how effortlessly one can misunderstand science. The news and scientific media tend to down-play the importance of assumptions and anomalies, and use the other terms in vague and often confusing ways. These are near perfect definitions of Bias as most generally accepted scientific ideas are mostly stated in much less certain terms.
Scientific Literacy today demands an appreciation of Bias in Science along with Scientific Complexity and the Constraints of Science. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Nancykrys/Weaving (Department)
Neythal nilam is one of the five types of Tamil landholdings known to have been distributed in ancient Tamil Nadu. The sea and the sea-related places are called Nethal. The Tolkappiyam says about it that "Varuna is the great sand world".
There are two types of Neythal flower, brackish flower that blooms in backwaters and freshwater flower that blooms in paddy fields.
Tumbai Flower:
About this flower, in the book Venbamalai, it is mentioned that the warriors of Katumbor used to burn the flower by touching it as a garland. | WIKI |
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Set A workflow is a set of rules (grouped by workflow event) to be executed sequentially for every given job being processed. A workflow can be assigned to be executed on multiple seeds, which means that all seeds that have the same workflow assigned will share all its rules.
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Rules
A workflow rule is any application or script to be executed as part of the workflow. They can be used to process the content or control the flow of the jobs received in the workflow.
Rule Types
TypeDescription
ApplicationRules that reference an Aspire application contain the maven coordinates of the application and the properties to configure it.
TemplateRules created from a workflow template contain the id ID of the template and the properties to configure it. The type of these rules matches the one from the referenced template (Custom, Application, etc.)
CustomA custom groovy script rule contains the script to execute.
FolderIs a
A type of template created to contain references to other rules.
Templates
Templates are predefined workflow rules. In general, groovy scripts are used for common job operations like adding or copying fields. The templates can be used by creating a rule that references it and including the required properties.
Provided Templates
NameDescription
add-static-aclAdds the configured ACL to the ACLs list of all jobs.
add-static-groupAdds the configured group to the groups list of all jobs.
override-with-public-aclOverrides the ACLs of a job with a single PUBLIC:ALL ACL.
override-aclOverrides the ACLs of a job with the ACL provided.
override-acl-domainOverrides the domain of all the ACLs with the provided domain.
dump-documentLogs the content of the job with the configured log severity level.
logLogs the specified message with the configured log severity level.
exceptionThrows an exception with the configured message. This will cause the job to fail.
exception-conditionalThrows an exception with the configured message if the specified job field matches the configured value. This will cause the job to fail.
terminateTerminates the job if the specified job field matches the configured value. This ceases the processing of the job.
terminate-conditionalTerminates the job. This ceases the processing of the job.
terminate-by-file-extensionTerminates the job based on the extension of the URL field. This ceases the processing of the job.
terminate-by-file-sizeTerminates the job based on the value of the dataSize field. This ceases the processing of the job.
terminate-by-file-nameTerminates the job based on the names of the URL field. This ceases the processing of the job.
field-copyCopies the value of the source field to a target field. This does not override a previous existing target field, it creates a new one with the same name.
field-fallback-copyCopies the value of the source field to a target field only if the target field does not exist.
field-defaultCreates the configured field with the specified value if it does not exist.
field-setOverrides the configured field with the specified value, the field is created if it does not exist.
booleanChecks if a field matches a specific value. The execution of job will continue to the condition it matches.
field-equalsChecks if a field matches another. The execution of job will continue to the condition it matches.
field-isEmptyChecks if a field value is empty or null, or if it does not exist. The execution of job will continue to the condition it matches.
switchExecutes a switch statement on the specified field. The execution of job will continue to the condition it matches.
switch-customExecutes a switch statement on the specified field. The execution of job will continue to the condition it matches.
Workflow Events
A virtual set of rules to be executed sequentially that lives inside a workflow object, there are 7 different events possible, each event is triggered upon different stages within the lifespan of a document:
• onScan
• Executed for each document after it has been discovered (as soon as its parent document discovers it)
• onAddUpdate
• Executed once the document is identified to have one of the following actions based on its incremental state: add or update
• onDelete
• Executed once the document is identified to be deleted (action: delete)
• onSubJob
• Executed for any sub job created by Aspire components, this is the event to place any rule that should be executed only for subjobs. (Available from Aspire 5.1)
• onPublish
• Executed after onAddUpdate, onDelete or onSubJob, this is the event when all common publishing rules should be placed regardless of the document action
• onError
• Executed if any stage within the connector framework or workflow rule fails while processing a job.
• onIdentity
• Executed for each identity extracted in an Identity crawl.
• onIdentityError
• Executed if any stage within the connector framework or workflow rule fails while processing an identity job.
• onStart
• Executed only for the crawl start job. Rules that must be executed only at the beginning of the crawl should be added here. (Available from Aspire 5.1)
• onEnd
• Executed only for the crawl end job. Rules that must be executed only at the end of the crawl should be added here. (Available from Aspire 5.1)
Event Items
Each event is composed by of a set of items. Each item defines an action to execute in the event, and in some cases they can contain nested event items. There a are three types of event items:
Reference
These items are references to rules that will be executed in the event, each reference contains the id the ID of the rule to execute. References to rules of type "Folder" “Folder” can contain nested references or exit items.
Exit
The exit items are used to finish the execution of the event at a specific point. Any job processed by this item will exit the workflow event, but it does not mean that the job will be terminated, the . The processing of the job will be continued by the next stage, pipeline, or event.
Condition
Conditions are items used to control the flow of a job. If a job matches the condition statement, the job will be processed by the items contained by the condition, if not, it will continue to the next item in the workflow. Conditions items are always nested to references of rules of type "Choice" “Choice”, and they can contain other references and exit items. All condition items are associated to the template "Condition"“Condition”. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Popcornlover101
Hey
Hi
How are you?
Good, you?
I'm good.
Cool.
I hope you die
I already did.
Oh, thats cool. I gotta go, my mom says i cant hang out with dead people.
Oh. Ok. See you soon.
When I die.
Oh, die soon.
I cant.
That sucks.
So you do. | WIKI |
Journal cover Journal topic
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics An interactive open-access journal of the European Geosciences Union
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4341-4364, 2012
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4341-2012
© Author(s) 2012. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
15 May 2012
Hindcast experiments of tropospheric composition during the summer 2010 fires over western Russia
V. Huijnen1, J. Flemming2, J. W. Kaiser2, A. Inness2, J. Leitão3, A. Heil4, H. J. Eskes1, M. G. Schultz4, A. Benedetti2, J. Hadji-Lazaro5, G. Dufour6, and M. Eremenko6 1Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, The Netherlands
2European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, UK
3Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
4Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
5UPMC Univ. Paris 06; Université Versailles St.-Quentin; CNRS/INSU, LATMOS-IPSL, Paris, France
6Laboratoire Inter-universitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583, CNRS/INSU – Universités Paris Est Créteil et Paris Diderot, Créteil, France
Abstract. The severe wildfires in western Russia during July–August 2010 coincided with a strong heat wave and led to large emissions of aerosols and trace gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides into the troposphere. This extreme event is used to evaluate the ability of the global MACC (Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate) atmospheric composition forecasting system to provide analyses of large-scale pollution episodes and to test the respective influence of a priori emission information and data assimilation on the results. Daily 4-day hindcasts were conducted using assimilated aerosol optical depth (AOD), CO, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) data from a range of satellite instruments. Daily fire emissions were used from the Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) version 1.0, derived from satellite fire radiative power retrievals.
The impact of accurate wildfire emissions is dominant on the composition in the boundary layer, whereas the assimilation system influences concentrations throughout the troposphere, reflecting the vertical sensitivity of the satellite instruments. The application of the daily fire emissions reduces the area-average mean bias by 63% (for CO), 60% (O3) and 75% (NO2) during the first 24 h with respect to independent satellite observations, compared to a reference simulation with a multi-annual mean climatology of biomass burning emissions. When initial tracer concentrations are further constrained by data assimilation, biases are reduced by 87, 67 and 90%. The forecast accuracy, quantified by the mean bias up to 96 h lead time, was best for all compounds when using both the GFAS emissions and assimilation. The model simulations suggest an indirect positive impact of O3 and CO assimilation on hindcasts of NO2 via changes in the oxidizing capacity.
However, the quality of local hindcasts was strongly dependent on the assumptions made for forecasted fire emissions. This was well visible from a relatively poor forecast accuracy quantified by the root mean square error, as well as the temporal correlation with respect to ground-based CO total column data and AOD. This calls for a more advanced method to forecast fire emissions than the currently adopted persistency approach.
The combined analysis of fire radiative power observations, multiple trace gas and aerosol satellite observations, as provided by the MACC system, results in a detailed quantitative description of the impact of major fires on atmospheric composition, and demonstrate the capabilities for the real-time analysis and forecasts of large-scale fire events.
Citation: Huijnen, V., Flemming, J., Kaiser, J. W., Inness, A., Leitão, J., Heil, A., Eskes, H. J., Schultz, M. G., Benedetti, A., Hadji-Lazaro, J., Dufour, G., and Eremenko, M.: Hindcast experiments of tropospheric composition during the summer 2010 fires over western Russia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4341-4364, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4341-2012, 2012.
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Garuda Plans to Buy 18 Sub-100 Seat Planes to Expand Routes
PT Garuda Indonesia , the flag
carrier that raised $530 million in a January initial public
offering, may buy 18 planes with fewer than 100 seats to expand
services to areas without airports for larger aircraft. Garuda plans to buy the planes by 2015 with delivery
starting next year, Elisa Lumbantoruan, the airline’s finance
director, said in Jakarta today. A request for proposals will be
issued next month and announcement on the tender is expected in
June, he said, without naming prospective suppliers. “We want to be able to land on shorter runways,”
Lumbantoruan said at a press briefing. “We want to fly tourists
to regions around Bali.” Garuda, which today reported net income fell 48 percent in
2010, intends to use the smaller planes to access more domestic
routes among Indonesia’s 17,000 islands that span 3,200 miles
(5,150 kilometers), the distance from Florida to Alaska . The
carrier wants to “bypass” larger airports in Jakarta, Surabaya
and Bali’s Denpasar by offering direct flights among smaller
regional airports, Lumbantoruan said. Capital Spending Garuda, which raised $4.8 trillion rupiah in an initial
public offering in January, plans $250 million in capital
spending this year, as much as $130 million of which will go to
purchasing new planes, Chief Executive Officer Emirsyah Satar
said. The company also plans to add routes this year to Taipei
and member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian
Nations , he said. The carrier also plans to lease six Airbus 320-200s for its
Citilink service this year. The mainline carrier will add two
A330-200s and nine Boeing Co. 737-800 NG in the year,
Lumbantoruan said. Garuda has pared flights to Tokyo as concerns about
radiation leaks at a tsunami-stricken nuclear-power plant north
of the capital and electricity shortages damp travel demand . The
carrier will combine two separate services to the Japanese
capital from Jakarta and Denpasar into one flight starting April
5 until April 22, Lumbantoruan said. Garuda dropped 3.6 percent to 530 rupiah as of the 4 p.m.
close of Jakarta trading. Net income fell to 515.5 billion rupiah ($59 million) from
1 trillion rupiah last year as operating costs increased,
outstripping a 9 percent gain in revenue to 19.5 trillion
rupiah. Fuel costs will probably rise again this year, Satar said. To contact the reporter on this story:
Femi Adi in Jakarta at
fadi1@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Greg Ahlstrand at
gahlstrand@bloomberng.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
If you've ever wondered about the magic behind how companies transform raw data into meaningful information, you're in for a treat. This complete guide on data engineering will help you understand the importance of data engineering, the tools, the skills needed to succeed in this field, and the exciting career opportunities awaiting you.
Data Engineering
Data engineering is the backbone of any data-driven decision-making process. In today's digitized world, vast volumes of data are generated every second. To make sense of this data and leverage it for insightful decisions, we need data engineering. Data engineers are the unsung heroes who build the infrastructure and tools to gather, organize, and make the data usable.
Without data engineering, it would be nearly impossible to process big data or build data-driven applications. Data engineers take raw, unstructured data—like your endless scroll on a social media platform—and transform it into structured data that can be analyzed by data scientists or used by machine learning algorithms.
Understanding the Role of a Data Engineer
Data Engineering
As a data engineer, your role involves a wide range of tasks that facilitate the smooth functioning of a company's data infrastructure. You would be responsible for:
1. Designing, constructing, installing, testing, and maintaining highly scalable data management systems: This includes ensuring all systems meet business requirements and industry practices.
2. Building high-performance algorithms, prototypes, and conceptual models: These tools help businesses forecast future trends and make data-driven decisions.
3. Translating complex functional and technical requirements into detailed architecture and design: This involves being able to take big picture ideas and break them down into detailed, workable parts.
4. Developing set processes for data mining, data modeling, and data production: The goal is to ensure the data is accessible and reliable.
Skills Needed to Become a Data Engineer
Data Engineering
Data engineering isn't for everyone. It requires a unique blend of skills, including both soft skills like problem-solving and hard technical skills. Here are some of the most critical skills needed in this field:
1. SQL: As a data engineer, you must be proficient in SQL, the language used to communicate with and manipulate databases.
2. Data Warehousing Solutions: Understanding how to store and retrieve vast amounts of data is essential. Knowledge of systems like Redshift, BigQuery, or Snowflake can be beneficial.
3. Big Data Platforms: Proficiency in big data platforms like Hadoop or Spark is often required because these platforms can handle vast quantities of data.
4. ETL Tools: Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) tools are crucial for a data engineer's job. These tools take data from one database, transform it, and load it into another database.
5. Python and Java: Knowing programming languages like Python and Java can be beneficial, as many data engineering tasks involve coding.
6. Data Pipeline Frameworks: Tools like Apache Beam, Airflow, or Luigi help manage the data lifecycle, and data engineers need to be proficient with these.
7. Cloud Platforms: Most modern businesses store their data on cloud platforms, so knowledge of Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), or Microsoft Azure is essential.
Top Tools Used by Data Engineers
Data Engineering
Data engineers have a wide array of tools at their disposal. Here are some of the most popular ones:
1. Hadoop: This open-source software framework allows for the distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of computers.
2. Spark: Apache Spark is a unified analytics engine for large-scale data processing. It's known for its speed and ease of use.
3. Kafka: Apache Kafka is a distributed event streaming platform that lets you publish, subscribe to, store, and process streams of records in real-time.
4. Airflow: Apache Airflow is a platform designed to programmatically author, schedule, and monitor workflows.
5. TensorFlow: TensorFlow is an open-source platform for machine learning. It has a comprehensive ecosystem of tools, libraries, and community resources.
Skills Required To Become A Data Engineering Professional
To become a data engineering professional, several key skills are essential for success in the field. First and foremost, a strong foundation in programming is crucial. Proficiency in languages like Python, Java, or Scala is important for data engineering tasks such as data extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) processes.
Another essential skill is database knowledge. Familiarity with both relational databases like SQL and non-relational databases like MongoDB or Apache Cassandra is necessary for handling and manipulating large volumes of data efficiently.
Data warehousing concepts and tools are also important skills for data engineers. Understanding how to design and implement data warehouse architectures using technologies like Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, or cloud-based platforms such as Amazon Redshift or Google BigQuery is vital.
Proficiency in data integration and ETL tools is essential for data engineers. Tools like Apache Kafka, Apache NiFi, or Talend enable the efficient movement and transformation of data between various sources and destinations.
Furthermore, knowledge of cloud computing platforms like AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud is increasingly valuable, as many organizations are adopting cloud-based solutions for their data infrastructure.
Data engineering professionals should also possess a good understanding of data modeling and schema design. This includes knowledge of data modeling techniques, database normalization, and designing efficient schemas to support data storage and retrieval.
Lastly, strong problem-solving and analytical skills are important for troubleshooting issues, optimizing performance, and ensuring data quality and integrity.By acquiring these skills, individuals can position themselves as competent data engineering professionals capable of handling the challenges and complexities of managing and processing large-scale data infrastructures effectively.
Various Domains Of Data Engineering
Data engineering encompasses various domains where data plays a critical role in decision-making and business operations. One prominent domain is Big Data engineering, which involves managing and processing large volumes of structured and unstructured data using distributed systems like Apache Hadoop or Apache Spark. Data warehousing is another domain, focusing on designing and building data storage and retrieval systems to support analytics and reporting. Real-time streaming and event processing domains involve capturing and processing data in real-time from sources like IoT devices or social media streams. Data integration and ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) is a key domain that focuses on extracting data from diverse sources, transforming it into a unified format, and loading it into target systems. Additionally, cloud data engineering involves leveraging cloud platforms for storing, processing, and analyzing data. Each of these domains requires specialized knowledge and skills to build robust and scalable data infrastructure and ensure efficient data processing and analysis.
How Is Data Engineering Is Different From Data Analytics
Data engineering and data analytics are two distinct but interconnected disciplines within the realm of data-driven decision-making. Data engineering primarily focuses on the design, development, and management of data infrastructure and systems that enable the collection, storage, and processing of data. Data engineers work on building and maintaining data pipelines, data warehouses, and data lakes, ensuring data is accessible, reliable, and available for analysis. They are responsible for data integration, data transformation, and ensuring the scalability and efficiency of data systems.
On the other hand, data analytics focuses on extracting insights, patterns, and trends from data to drive informed decision-making. Data analysts and data scientists work on analyzing data using statistical and analytical techniques, applying data mining and machine learning algorithms, and visualizing the findings. They leverage tools and programming languages to uncover meaningful insights and communicate them effectively to stakeholders.
While data engineering lays the foundation for data analytics by ensuring data is properly managed and accessible, data analytics focuses on extracting actionable insights from the available data. Data engineering involves building the infrastructure, pipelines, and systems that facilitate data analysis, while data analytics focuses on applying techniques to extract knowledge and drive decision-making.
Data engineering focuses on the infrastructure and systems required to handle data effectively, while data analytics concentrates on extracting insights from the data to inform business strategies and decisions. Both disciplines are interdependent and crucial components of a successful data-driven organization.
What Are The Prerequisites For Learning Data Engineering:
First and foremost, a strong foundation in programming is essential. Proficiency in languages like Python, Java, or Scala will enable you to write efficient and scalable code for data engineering tasks. Understanding concepts such as variables, data types, loops, conditional statements, and functions is crucial.
Knowledge of databases and SQL is another prerequisite for data engineering. Understanding how to work with relational databases and write SQL queries to extract, manipulate, and manage data is fundamental. Additionally, familiarity with non-relational databases and technologies like MongoDB or Apache Cassandra can be beneficial.
A basic understanding of data structures and algorithms is helpful for optimizing data processing and storage. It allows you to choose the right data structures and algorithms to handle large volumes of data effectively.
An understanding of distributed systems is also valuable. Concepts such as parallel processing, fault tolerance, and data partitioning are vital for designing and implementing scalable data engineering solutions.
Knowledge of cloud platforms and services like AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud is increasingly important, as many organizations are adopting cloud-based data solutions. Understanding how to work with cloud storage, compute resources, and data processing tools will be beneficial in the data engineering domain.
Lastly, having a strong analytical mindset and problem-solving skills will enable you to tackle complex data engineering challenges. Data engineering often involves optimizing performance, ensuring data quality, and handling data at scale. Being able to analyze problems, break them down into manageable components, and devise effective solutions is key.
While these prerequisites provide a foundation for learning data engineering, it's important to note that continuous learning, hands-on practice, and staying updated with emerging technologies and trends are crucial for success in this dynamic field.
What Is Machine Learning In Data Engineering
Machine learning in data engineering refers to the application of algorithms and techniques that enable data systems to automatically learn and improve from data without explicit programming instructions. It involves leveraging statistical models and algorithms to train data systems to recognize patterns, make predictions, and uncover insights from data. Machine learning techniques can be used in data engineering to enhance data processing, optimize data pipelines, automate decision-making processes, and improve the overall efficiency and effectiveness of data systems. By incorporating machine learning into data engineering practices, organizations can harness the power of data to drive intelligent decision-making and gain a competitive edge in various industries.
What Is The Syllabus Of Data Engineering
The syllabus for data engineering typically covers a range of topics aimed at equipping learners with the necessary skills to design, build, and manage data infrastructure. The syllabus commonly includes aspects such as programming languages like Python or Java, SQL and database management, data modeling and schema design, big data processing frameworks such as Apache Hadoop and Apache Spark, cloud-based data storage and processing using platforms like AWS or Azure, ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) processes, data warehousing concepts, data integration techniques, distributed systems, and optimization strategies for data processing. Additionally, topics like data quality, data governance, scalability, and data security may also be covered to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the field. The syllabus aims to provide learners with a strong foundation in data engineering principles and technologies, preparing them to tackle the challenges of managing and processing large-scale data systems effectively.
Data Engineering Career Opportunities
With the rise of big data, data engineering has seen significant growth. Companies from all industries and sizes are in need of talented data engineers to help manage and make sense of their data. Here are some career opportunities in this field:
1. Data Engineer: This is the most straightforward career path. As a data engineer, you'd be responsible for managing and organizing data, creating data architectures, and maintaining databases.
2. Machine Learning Engineer: With a background in data engineering, you could transition into a role as a machine learning engineer. Here, you'd be responsible for creating data funnels and delivering software solutions.
3. Data Architect: As a data architect, you'd create the blueprints for data management so that databases can be easily used and understood.
4. Business Intelligence Analyst: BI Analysts transform data into insights that drive business value. This role requires a deep understanding of data structures and the business sector in which you are working.
5. Database Manager: This role involves ensuring that a company's databases run efficiently and securely.
The world of data engineering offers a vast and varied field, with roles suited to a range of skills and interests. As data continues to take a central role in business, government, and society, data engineering will only grow in importance, making it an excellent field for those with the requisite passion and skills.
If you're interested in pursuing a career in data engineering, take the time to develop the skills discussed above. Be patient with yourself—it's a complicated field, and it takes time to learn. But if you're persistent and passionate, you'll find a world of opportunities waiting for you in the realm of data engineering. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Stocks Close Mixed As These Dow Components Find Key Support
Stocks closed mixed Wednesday, while Dow components Microsoft ( MSFT ) and Intel ( INTC ) made promising moves on their charts.
[ibd-display-video id=3007170 width=50 float=left autostart=true] The Nasdaq composite led with a 0.2% gain, closing off session lows. The Nasdaq 100 rose 0.5% as big-cap techs fared better than other equity classes. The S&P 500 was flat.
In the Dow Jones industrial average, which fell 0.2%, Microsoft rose for a second straight day and is finding support at the 10-week moving average. That's a good sign as the stock continues to work on a flat base with an 86.30 buy point. In terms of chart action, Microsoft is behaving better than many other tech leaders.
A couple of other Dow components are behaving well at their 50-day moving averages. Visa ( V ) climbed back above the 50-day moving average in light volume. With a little more conviction, the stock will be in a follow-on buy area. Intel reversed higher after touching its 50-day line. Watch for a follow-on opportunity for the chip giant.
The Russell 2000's once promising move has faded. The small-cap index fell 0.5%, lagging other indexes, and has wiped out all gains since it broke out to new highs Nov. 28. Weakness in technology shares, a big piece of the index, has contributed to the Russell's four-day retracement. The small-cap index is close to a test of the 50-day moving average.
Volume fell across the board, according to preliminary data. Breadth was worse than the indexes would suggest. Losers led winners by 2-to-1 on the Nasdaq and by 7-to-5 on the NYSE.
In today's market , solar, software, consumer electronics, apparel and other groups formed a scattered picture of leadership. Eight of the 15 worst-performing industry groups were oil-related. Crude prices closed with a nearly 3% loss to $55.96 a barrel after a report of swelling gasoline stockpiles.
Veeva Systems ( VEEV ) tumbled below its 200-day moving average and touched the lowest level in more than seven months after the medical software company beat profit estimates and offered fiscal-year guidance in line with expectations.
HealthEquity ( HQY ), an administrator of health savings accounts, also slid below its 200-day average in heavy volume. The company's quarterly results beat expectations and its outlook was mixed. Full-year EPS was forecast at 64-66 cents vs. a prior view of 64-68 cents. Sales are forecast at $225 million-$228 million from a prior estimate of $223 million-$228 million.
RELATED:
Veeva Beats Views But Offers In-Line Outlook; Shares Drop
RH Sees This Doubling Sales; Dave & Buster's To Open Smaller Stores
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Page:The Prime Minister by Hall Caine.djvu/157
Rh [At desk.] Freda is out, you say? [At tree.] Yes, out for the evening. She has filled the child with such wonderful stories of what Christmas trees are like in her country, that goodness knows if the little minx won't come creeping down in the night to see if the angels have lit up hers for her. [She switches up the lights of the Christmas tree.] There! Isn't that beautiful? [Absently.] Beautiful! [As if reflecting.] Has Miss Michel ever been out at night before, Dorothy? [Switching off lights and going on as before.] Never. But it's Christmas Eve—she wanted to see the shops and the streets, I suppose. [Relieved.] Ah! She promised to be back in time to put Peggy to bed, though, and it was a terrible business to get the child off without her. I had to agree that at midnight the maids should walk in procession through the house, carrying fairy lamps and singing Christmas carols. Walk in procession through the house? | WIKI |
Metal salen complex
A metal salen complex is a coordination compound between a metal cation and a ligand derived from N,N′-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine, commonly called salen. The classical example is salcomine, the complex with divalent cobalt Co(2+), usually denoted as Co(salen). These complexes are widely investigated as catalysts and enzyme mimics.
The metal-free salen compound (H2salen or salenH2) has two phenolic hydroxyl groups. The salen ligand is usually its conjugate base (salen2−), resulting from the loss of protons from those hydroxyl groups. The metal atom usually makes four coordination bonds to the oxygen and nitrogen atoms.
Preparation of complexes
The salen anion forms complexes with most transition metals. These complexes are usually prepared by the reaction of H2salen ("proligand") with metal precursors containing built-in bases, such as alkoxides, metal amides, or metal acetate. The proligand may also be treated with a metal halide, with or without an added base. Lastly, the proligand may be deprotonated by a nonnucleophilic base, such as sodium hydride, before treatment with the metal halide. For example, Jacobsen's catalyst is prepared from the salen ligand precursor with manganese acetate.
Structures
Salen complexes with d8 metal ions, such as Ni(salen), typically have a low-spin square planar molecular geometry in the coordination sphere.
Other metal–salen complexes may have additional ligands above the salen nitrogen–oxygen plane. Complexes with one extra ligand, such as VO(salen), may have a square pyramidal molecular geometry. Complexes with two extra ligands, such as Co(salen)Cl(py), may have octahedral geometry. Usually the MN2O2 core is relatively planar, even though the ethylene backbone is skewed and the overall salen ligand takes a twisted C2 symmetry. Examples exist where ancillary ligands force the N2O2 donors out of planarity. No evidence indicates that salen is a redox-noninnocent ligand.
Reactions
The pyridine adduct of the cobalt(II) complex Co(salen)(py) (salcomine) has a square-pyramidal structure. It is a dioxygen carrier by forming a labile, octahedral O2 complex.
The name "salen ligands" is used for tetradentate ligands which have similar structures. For example, in salpn there is a methyl substituent on the bridge. It is used as a metal deactivation additive in fuels. The presence of bulky groups near the coordination site may enhance the catalytic activity of a metal complex and prevent its dimerization. Salen ligands derived from 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde fulfill these roles, and also increase the solubility of the complexes in non-polar solvents like pentane. Chiral "salen" ligands may be created by proper substitution of the diamine backbone, the phenyl ring, or both. An example is the ligand obtained by condensation of the C2-symmetric trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane with 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde. Chiral ligands may be used in asymmetric synthesis reactions, such as the Jacobsen epoxidation:
History
Tsumaki described the first metal–salen complexes in 1938. He found that the cobalt(II) complex Co(salen) reversibly binds O2, which led to intensive research on cobalt complexes of salen and related ligands for their capacity for oxygen storage and transport, looking for potential synthetic oxygen carriers. Cobalt salen complexes also replicate certain aspects of vitamin B12.
The manganese-containing salen complex catalyzes the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes. In the hydrolytic kinetic resolution technique, a racemic mixture of epoxides may be separated by selectively hydrolyzing one enantiomer, catalyzed by the analogous cobalt(III) complex. In subsequent work, chromium(III) and cobalt(III) salen complexes catalyze the reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxides to give polycarbonates.
Substituted salen complexes
Complexes of salen per se are poorly soluble in organic solvents. Substitution of the organic framework increases the solubility of the complex. An example is the salpn ligand, derived from 1,2-diaminopropane instead of ethylenediamine, which is used as a metal deactivating additive in motor oils and motor fuel.
The presence of bulky groups adjacent to the phenoxide group can give complexes with enhanced catalytic activity. These substituents suppress formation of dimers. For these reasons, salen ligands derived from 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde have received particular scrutiny.
Chirality may be introduced into the ligand either via the diamine backbone, via the phenyl ring, or both. For example, condensation of the C2-symmetric trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane with 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehdye gives a ligand that forms complexes with Cr, Mn, Co, Al, which have proven useful for asymmetric transformations. For an example, see the Jacobsen epoxidation, which is catalyzed by a chiral manganese-salen complex:
x
Complexes with salen-type ligands
The name “salen” or “salen-type” may be used for other ligands that have similar environment around the chelating site, namely two acidic hydroxyls and two Schiff base (aryl-imine) groups. These include the ligands abbreviated as salph, from the condensation of 1,2-phenylenediamine and salicylaldehyde. Other "Salen-type" metal complexes are formed with ligands with similar chelating groups, such as salph and salqu. Salqu copper complexes have been investigated as oxidation catalysts.
salan or salalen ligands have one or two saturated nitrogen–aryl bonds (amines rather than imines). They are less rigid and more electron-rich at the metal center than the corresponding salen complexes. Salans can be synthesized by the alkylation of an appropriate amine with a phenolic alkyl halide. The “half-salen” ligands have only one salicylimine group. They are prepared from a salicylaldehyde and a monoamine.
Acacen ligands
A class of tetradentate ligands with the generic name acacen are obtained by the condensation of derivatives of acetylacetone and ethylenediamine. | WIKI |
Ho Hey
"Ho Hey" is a song by American folk rock band the Lumineers. It was released on June 4, 2012, as the lead single from their self-titled debut studio album (2012). The music video was released on March 11, 2012. "Ho Hey" reached number one for 18 non-consecutive weeks on the Billboard Rock Songs chart, as well as two weeks in the top spot on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart and eight weeks in the top spot on the Adult Pop Songs chart, and reached number 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, becoming their first single to do so, as well as their first top 5 single. It also reached number 2 on the Billboard Mainstream Top 40 chart, behind "Locked Out of Heaven" by Bruno Mars. It is also their first single to be certified in the US.
Background information
The song was originally created during Schultz and Fraites' time in New York as a kiss-off to disinterested concert-goers. "That song was an effort to get under people's skin at shows in Brooklyn, where everyone is pretty indifferent," Schultz told American Songwriter. "And I figured if we could punctuate it with shouts we might get someone's attention."
Composition
"Ho Hey" is written in the key of C major. A McIntosh MC240 amplifier was used in the recording.
Chart performance
The song became a commercial success and was a breakthrough hit for the Lumineers. It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 90 on the week of June 10, 2012. From there, it became a sleeper hit, slowly ascending the chart until it broke into the top ten in the week of November 10, 2012 at number eight and continued to climb until it reached its peak of number 3 in its 28th week on the chart. It also remained in the top ten of the Billboard Hot 100 for 14 weeks, and topped Billboard's Rock Songs chart for 14 weeks. It has also sold over four million copies in the United States as of April 2013.
The song also became a crossover hit, topping the Adult Pop Songs, Rock Songs, Alternative Songs, and Triple A charts and reaching number two on the Pop Songs chart, topped only by Bruno Mars' "Locked Out of Heaven". It also charted on the Adult Contemporary and Country Airplay charts. This multi-format success allowed it to reach number two on the Hot 100 Airplay chart and stay on the Hot 100 for 62 weeks, one of the longest chart runs ever. On the Billboard Decade-End list on Hot 100 songs in the 2010s, released on November 15, 2019, it was the lowest-ranked song in the top 100 peaking at 100. It was behind number 99, which was "Wrecking Ball" by Miley Cyrus, followed by "In My Feelings" by Drake and "Break Your Heart" by Taio Cruz featuring Ludacris.
The song also had international success, reaching the top ten in the UK, Canada, Ireland, France, Israel, Italy, Slovakia, New Zealand, Australia, and Switzerland.
Critical reception
"Ho Hey" has received positive reviews from critics. Anne Erickson of Audio Ink Radio gave the song a rating of 4 out of 5, favorably comparing Wesley Schultz's lead vocals on the song to Raine Maida. Erickson went on to say that "it's darn refreshing to sit back and take in some genuine, straightforward music that comes from the heart". Rolling Stone named the song the 26th-best song of 2012.
Music video
The music video for "Ho Hey" was released on March 11, 2012. The video was directed by Ben Fee. The video shows the band walking down a hall in the former Linda Vista Hospital while singing and dancing to the song.
In popular culture
* Prior to its release, "Ho Hey" was first featured on the December 5, 2011, episode of Hart of Dixie. Later on, the song was used in a television commercial for Bing on June 1, 2012.
* In the UK, the song has been used in an advertisement for E.ON, in the final episode of sitcom Cuckoo as well as advertisements for the film Silver Linings Playbook.
* A purely instrumental version has been used in a commercial for Blue Moon beer.
* The song appears as a playable track in the video game Guitar Hero Live.
* "Ho Hey" appears in the series premiere episode of the MTV show Catfish, "Sunny & Jamison", which aired on November 12, 2012.
* "Ho Hey" appears in the premiere episode of the eighth season of Bones, "The Future in the Past", which aired September 17, 2012.
* The song appears in the fifth episode of the tenth season of The X-Files, "Babylon", which aired February 15, 2016.
* The song appeared in The Vampire Diaries season four episode three "The Rager", introducing the character Hayley Marshall.
Covers
In the sixteenth episode of the first season of Nashville, the characters Maddie and Daphne Conrad covered "Ho Hey". This version, credited to the actors' real names Lennon and Maisy Stella, debuted at number 58 on Country Airplay dated for the week of April 27, 2013, and peaked at 47. Blog Taste of Country reviewed their cover positively, saying that "The Stellas redefine the song’s message, turning it into an adorable statement between two sisters."
Taylor Swift covered "Ho Hey" on her 2013–2014 tour, The Red Tour. The song was the only cover that was part of the nightly set list for the entirety of the tour, and was mashed up with Swift's own song, "Stay, Stay, Stay".
Parodies
On Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, an "all-clucking" cover version of the song was performed by an ad hoc group called "the Chickeneers", featuring Jimmy Fallon, Blake Shelton, and Nick Offerman in chicken suits. | WIKI |
Talk:Ghost Ship (2002 film)
Part Deleted
I deleted this part for the now:
>>> Soon, one of the crew members discover the ghost of a little girl who was a victim of the sabotage committed by a group of murderers. The murder escapade started with the killing of the guests on the deck of the ship. Their bodies were split open by the wire of the ship, which cut through the guests bodies, slicing them in half. Later, many of them were killed, without their torso's. <<<
Just seemed a little convoluted and didn't really explain the film. Will do a rewrite shortly.
> Saint Mahone > 08 Mar 06
Remake?
Is this a remake of anything??? 23:11, 2 December 2006 (UTC)~
* Don't think so, why do you ask? Kingpin1055 02:31, 3 December 2006 (UTC)
See Ghost Ship (1952 film). --Auric (talk) 15:00, 15 October 2009 (UTC)
I'd say that the poster for this film is more than a little inspired by the poster for Death_Ship_(1980_film). Don't know if that's worth mentioning, though. Apart from the haunted ships, these films don't seem to have much in common. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:00, 31 May 2011 (UTC)
Gore
There's one thing I've noticed in this particular movie; with the exception of the dance hall scene, there is very little gore, other than a few isolated spots of blood. And I am sure more can be said about the movie, I just don't know if it should be revealed.--Vercalos 08:07, 19 March 2006 (UTC)
"Death Scene"
This section is written in the tone of a teenager telling their friend a scary story (e.g., "Yes, the wire had cut through over fifty dancers simultaneously and all are dead.") --Closedmouth 04:17, 1 April 2006 (UTC)
I don't know about the original author, but I will try write a synopsis of the plot that's a little more accurate toward the final film. --Kingpin1055
rename
How about using the (film) naming scheme instead of the case confusion.
Liner/tugboat
I don't know where this idea's come from, but the crew loading the gold onto the liner that rescued Epps is not her dead crew... that wouldn't make any sense. The crew seen loading the gold onto the modern cruise liner are from the cruise liner... they are not the dead spirits of the Arctic Warrior salvage crew.
If you feel the need to edit, check the DVD before editing the article. Kingpin1055 11:26, 26 July 2006 (UTC)
*
* Why wouldn't it make sense? Prome theus -X303- 07:26, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
* It wouldn't make sense as that isn't how Jack worked people so he could collect their souls. As shown in the film he works alone, using the crew and passengers against each other... playing to their wants and their greed. That and the sheer fact none of the liner crew carrying the gold onto the rescue ship bears more then a very minor similarity to the dead Arctic Warrior crew. One black guy and one blond man does not a dead tugboat crew make. Don't make me get a screen grab. Kingpin1055 12:55, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
* Is that a threat? :) I may have to go oldschool and dig out my VHS copy.
* You may be right, but Francesca and Santos (I think), both dead, are seen antagonizing. Katie and the captain attempt to help the crew. That plus the resemblance to the crew lead me to think that it WAS them. There is a thread at IMDB that discusses this. Others have made the same mistake.
* Hopefully if somebody thinks this article is in error they will look at the talk page first. Prome theus -X303- 15:38, 10 October 2006 (UTC)
Oh yeah, I won't argue that Jack used the dead people when killing the Arctic Warrior crew off... but I figure he can only use the souls to do his bidding as long as he has them on that ship... as soon as the Antonia Graza went down I figure they were freed along with the passengers and crew. I took the liberty of getting a few screen grabs of the scene (I compiled them side by side in one picture just to save on having to link multiple pics), and while I can see how the mistake occurred, it isn't them.
The black guy, while bald lacks a goatee amongst other things.Kingpin1055 16:39, 11 October 2006 (UTC)
More Detailed Plot
After seeing the movie, then reading this Wiki article on it, I noticed that it didn't really have a lot on what actually happened. All it said was that the crew killed everone out of greed. I added a more detailed explanation on what happened- the poisoning, the part Francesca played, and how Ferriman was involved. WikiScott 15:23, 15 April 2007 (UTC)
"citation needed"
In the trivia section, we can read this; "Jack Ferriman's "Soul Collector" character is named for Charon the Ferryman, the Greek mythological spirit who collected souls from one side of the river Styx and ferried them across to Hades." And then; "citation needed". Why would anyoen need any citation to this obviously fact? Ferriman are on a ship, collecting sould he is supposed to bring with him. Just as Charon the Ferryman. This is a very clear reference, so I really don't see why there should be any need for citation. If every sentence in an article needs some documentation, then the whole citation concept has gone way too far. <IP_ADDRESS> 14:25, 19 May 2007 (UTC)
* The complete trivia section is an almost exact copy of imdb I think. Is that allowed? Hfodf 23:11, 28 October 2007 (UTC)
* Don't know if the thing with his name is right, but there is at least an other allusion to Charon. In the room with the swimming pool there is a painting on the wall depicting Charon collecting souls to bring them on his "ferry". The picture was painted by Gustave Doré and is an illustration from Dante's Divine Comedy. -- DanteRay (talk) 10:18, 6 September 2008 (UTC)
Fair use rationale for Image:Ghost Ship poster.JPG
Image:Ghost Ship poster.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.
BetacommandBot (talk) 23:41, 2 January 2008 (UTC)
Event Horizon
does anyone know if this film was inspired by the 1997 Si-Fi horror film Event Horizon? It bears some similarities to Event Horizon, such as the crew being killed, the ship found abandoned, and the rescue crew being terrorized by spirits. Joe311 (talk) 20:47, 15 September 2008 (UTC)
Antonia Graza
Aquitania (talk) 16:56, 11 October 2008 (UTC)I think that Antonia Graza is belong to Italian Line because the color of her funnel.Aquitania (talk) 16:56, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Removed unsourced research
While it's all nice that someone wants to write a thesis about what the movie meant to them & what they thought the movie meant, this isn't the place for it. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not "Bob's Opinions in Thesis Format". You want to talk about the film, go to a site that encourages such types of discussions, such as IMDB. This is not the place for it. If it isn't a fact set in stone or voiced by the people who made the film, it isn't supposed to be on here. Besides, all of it was one person's opinion & like I said twice before, this isn't the place for one horror fan's opinion of Ghost Ship. MeekoFTW (talk) 17:48, 27 September 2009 (UTC)MeekoFTW
* Most of texts normally published on films are either some kind analysis of them or advertisements to watch them. If you prefer the latter, I definitely have no time to argue with your views. From experience, this takes too much time to be worth and I have much more important things to do in Wikipedia. I from my point of view think that if you are right them majority of film and book articles bring Wikipedia very little more than a troubles on "fair use" cover publishing Audriusa (talk) 16:03, 8 November 2009 (UTC)
* Well, my particular point of stating this wasn't to discredit any existing books, blogs, opinions or shows out in the world. It was to state that personal research, especially unsourced research, doesn't belong on wikipedia. The person who added the stuff I deleted was adding things that weren't mentioned in the movie (theorizing that the gold was from a mob heist due to the Italian features of the crew or that it was part of a government plot) as well as posting what equates to personal opinions about who the movie should appeal to ("making the film more attractive for certain categories of people but maybe less attractive for groups that just want to be scared"). The only way I could imagine either part being notable enough to mention on the article is if either bit was voiced by a notable critic on his/her blog, article or show & we were able to get it cited. Even then, it would be listed under Reception rather than having it's own little section. Now if the director, writer, producer or actors were to state these opinions on a citable source then it would merit having it's own section in the article. The thing is that even though some of the theories posted by the guy do sort of make sense, if we allow one non-notable person to post their theories on wikipedia then we'll have to allow everyone. After a while the article would just be too dragged out & would be more of a fan page than an encylopedia. MeekoFTW (talk) 16:07, 11 June 2010 (UTC)meekoftw
* And the main point is that wikipedia is supposed to be a factual website. We can't put in theories unless they can be backed up somehow, either by a quote from a notable critic or by someone notable who worked on the movie. I prefer to theorize when it comes to movies, but unless I can prove that this theory is correct, supported by a notable someone and/or is a popular theory held by enough people to be notable, it doesn't belong on wikipedia. I hold myself to that same idea- I have my theories & such about books, movies & tv series, but I'm not a notable person & sometimes that viewpoint isn't verifiable or believed by a large enough amount of people to warrant documenting. MeekoFTW (talk) 16:11, 11 June 2010 (UTC)meekoftw
Recurring Deletion/Vandalism
For some reason, people insist on deleting part of the end of the Plot. They are removing mention of the fact that the ghosts loading the ship at the end are in fact the film's stars who died previously in the film. IE: The ship's crew. This is most likely because the editors completely missed that crucial part of the ending, and thusly believe "If I didn't notice it, it didn't happen." It would be nice to get a final agreement on this. -- <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:11, 30 December 2009 (UTC)
* Nevermind, I saw the notice above, but didn't think "liner/tugboat" was about this issue. I'm still not convinced, however. -- <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:16, 30 December 2009 (UTC)
* The dead crew includes Gabriel Byrne, Karl Urban, and Isaiah Washington. These are rather well known faces, and none of them are among the crew who brings the gold aboard the new ship. I've watched the final scene on DVD several times, and I'm 100% sure. It also would'n make sense in the context of the plot, as they were killed during Ferriman's previous harvest, and likely ascended to Heaven with all the others. -- Imladros (talk) 04:38, 25 March 2011 (UTC)
* It's called a "fact" despite being unsourced and based on an anon who think the characters look alike. As Imladros stated, it contradicts the plot point where all the innocent souls escape. It's also not mentioned in any recap: --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:13, 9 July 2023 (UTC)
Karl Urban's character
Anyone have a better recollection of the death of Karl Urban's character Munder in that movie since it is not mentioned in the plot summary. If so, do add it in the plot summary please. BattleshipMan (talk) 14:47, 17 May 2017 (UTC)
Review Sourcing
The article says that this film “received largely negative reviews from critics”, and I was wondering if that should maybe include a source. --ChaserBerry (talk) 17:54, 3 September 2020 (UTC)
Weight of gold?
A dispute has emerged regarding the necessity of including the weight of the gold bars in the Plot section, and if so, the best unit of conversion to include (if any). Until recently the article had listed the weight in ounces with a conversion to tonnes. Opinions are welcome! DonIago (talk) 03:23, 24 March 2023 (UTC)
* I doubt there's any source stating the weight of the gold bars, which was probably added at some point as WP:OR based on a assumption of a standard weight. A quick search suggests event the number of bars in unclear so this stuff is better just removed until there an RS, especially given that it seems to have no importance anyway. Having an incorrect conversion for an OR guess in a plot summary of a work of fiction is clearly ridiculous. Gugrak (talk) 04:48, 24 March 2023 (UTC)
* I agree that if the weight is never stated in the film then it shouldn't be included, and that it's likely unimportant to understanding the plot in any case, but I'm curious as to your assertion that the conversion is incorrect, especially considering it was using a standard Wikipedia template? I suppose it's a moot point relative to the other two arguments, but it's still a point of curiosity for me. DonIago (talk) 05:48, 24 March 2023 (UTC) | WIKI |
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