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Engineering is that field of science that involves proper understanding of technology, machines and equipments. It mainly involves physical part of different branches of science and thus everything related to physics is used in engineering. It uses scientific knowledge to solve problems. There are mainly five types of engineering which students opt for. They are as follows:
1. Civil engineering:
This type of engineering involvesvarious types of infrastructure, their constructions, maintenance, etc.
1. Electrical engineering:
This branch of engineering deals with electronics, their system development and maintenance. It involves construction of electrical devices for personal and commercial usage.
1. Mechanical engineering:
It deals with all types of moving objects like car, machines, etc. Their manufacturing and maintenance is the main aim.
1. Chemical engineering:
This is the only branch of engineering which involves chemistry. They need to learn about different types of chemical reactions and the interaction of atoms and molecules with one another.
1. Software engineering:
The last type of engineering is software engineering which involves software development, their implementation and maintenance.
These are some of the scope that is available for students who wants to pursue their career in this field.
Why should you take up engineering?
Engineering is one of the most exciting professions a student can choose for them. It can give you the best career and a high paid job in future. This is the main reason why nowadays most of the students aim to take up engineering in their higher studies. It helps to develop the analytical and logical view of a student.
But this course is not as easy as it seems, it involves many strategies and hard work to become a successful engineer. Not everyone who takes up engineering as their future career become successful in it. Everything looks very easy and smooth from outside. But just like there is a saying that “the grass is not green on the other sideâ€, engineering is not that easy as it looks.
What are the most common things that engineers get to hear after they enter college?
• Firstly, the seniors will tell you how they are suffering by taking this course and that engineering has ended their social life.
• Secondly, there will be people who will tell you that engineering is very tough and it is difficult to score good in this subject.
• There will be students who will scare you by studying whole night and spending the whole day in library or reading books.
But this is just the one side of it which people will show you. There are many positive results of engineering as well. It is hard, it requires time, but it will give you a very bright future once you get to know the right tricks to deal with it.
Common tips to excel in your field:
These tips will not only help you score good marks in your engineering course but also to become a successful engineer. You will come out with flying colours and will be able to give a tough competition to your batch mates. The tips are as follows:
• Know the rules first:
Take engineering as a game and move on step by step. As games involve various strategies and rules, in the same way problems of engineering needs to be solved using various strategies and rules. There are various shortcuts as well which will save you from long and time consuming process. So if you know the rules nicely, it will be easy for you to move on with it without wasting much of your time.
• Follow a particular process to learn something:
Fix a single process for yourself for learning up lessons in engineering. If you adopt various ways of learning it will confuse you more and you will end up with bad grades. So it is better if you adopt a single process and make it as a habit. This is the most effective rule for all engineers. By following this method you will also leave behind students who devote their whole day in learning just one lesson.
• Involve yourself in group projects and move with systematically:
Group project is the best way to learn new things and to push you through difficult times. In a group project you will get a chance to come across various kinds of people. Dealing with each one of them will help you develop your confidence level and knowledge. So try to indulge yourself in group project and learn the most out of it, avoiding all constraints.
• Choose a satisfactory and deserving job for yourself:
Last and the most important tip for making you successful as an engineer are to land up in a good job. To do this you should first attend various jobs fair, take advice from your teachers, do research and then move forward with your goal. This will surely help you get one of the best jobs you have always dream of. That day you will be successful in your goals.
These tricks are very easy and require great attention. But once you start adopting it, it will become a habit and you will move smoothly with it. These practices are one of the best practices for technical students. Thus if you are planning to take up engineering in your higher studies, do give a look on these tricks.
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Friday, February 03, 2012
Kristen Bell's Sloth
[Thanks to TCGirl]
This is funny.
I like that 1) her dream animal is a sloth of all things. 2) She not only senses this unlikely thing in another room, she is totally certain.
I have a friend (hi Peter) who does that, he always knows when I've arrived no matter where in the building he is, or if there's noise so he can't hear the door. Maybe it's my sloth-like nature. (When I was a kid, I always used to hang upside down in/from various things.)
And myself, when I was in my twenties, I rented a room with an old lady, who rented out many rooms in her big flat. She was always polite and pleasant to me, but some people didn't like her at all, and I think it was due to her suppressed resentment of having to share her home for financial reasons. (Great, great apartment, corner view over the Copenhagen lakes.) Whatever it was, when I had to use the kitchen, before I even left my room, I always knew if she was in the kitchen. It never failed. It was like she took up the whole kitchen.
Update: she had the apartment with the rightmost of the the two far towers here:
Must be utter premium space in Copenhagen. If the camera lens had been a little wider, we could have seen the lakes on the left. (They are square lakes, remnants of a huge moat. (Much wider than what you normally think of as a moat.)
Thursday, February 02, 2012
Thursday offense video day
Wow, I don't know what is more offensive: the language (and tone) of this video (rap video), or the thought of how much money they used to make this ad (a car ad starring J. Seinfeld).
Well, all right, I'm leaning towards the first one. But then it has a head start in that it is designed purely to offend, it has no actual content except intended offense. Pretty interesting "culture" phenomenon.
The World's Most Expensive Photo
Russ pointed to this photo/print, which just set a world price record, 4.5 million dollars.
I wouldn't have thunk it. And I doubt the buyer really love the photo 4.5 million dollars' worth, it's surely speculation. "Duh", you may say, but I find it interesting that probably the whole business of fine art is being held up not by people actually like the art, but by speculators who are betting on what artist will escalate in value.
It's a bit heart-breaking to somebody who when he was young dreamed of living as a painter and really thought that people paid for something because they actually liked it.
Fine Art is different in this way from music and books and films because 1: it's not usually mass-produced, so it has to cost a lot for one picture. 2: Most people have quite limited wall space, so once that is filled, they rarely go "art shopping", and if they do, they usually go to the warehouse to find a $30 frame-poster combination that they like. And most people just don't have tens of thousands of dollars floating around just to throw at something they happen to like.
Oh, and 3: it's only a very, very tiny fraction of people who feel very strongly about visual art. For most, it's just something to stop the wall being bare, and it should match the sofa. I have a feeling that many more people feel strongly about music, if anything.
The problem as I see it is that when speculation is the driving economic force, it creates the odd factor that anything can become the deciding factor. Promotion and fame, for example, and infamy. For instance, rotting pig corpses will be sold as fine art for insane prices, when in a gallery in a side street 200 yards away, really lovely works hang unsold on the walls.
Sure, taste is a wide field, and nobody should be taste dictator. But if not for the speculation factor, I really doubt that any art lover would pay premium prices for rotting pigs, stuffed sharks, and cans of human shit.
But then occasionally you hear of an artist who is not famous but still sells all he makes for good prices. In fact my uncle and aunt are like that, for a hobby they make little statues of animals and faces in stone, and they sell like hotcakes. You don't hear about these people and I doubt anybody has made statistics, so I am kind of curious about how many people in the world are in this fortunate situation.
A green photo-painting
I'll nip down to Strategic
[Thanks to Jimmy]
Wednesday, February 01, 2012
Lab dance
If you can stand a dog dancing, this is a fun one.
Konica Hexar
Like I said, the Konica Hexar was an usually compromise-free camera. This extends to the size: in an age where every 35mm camera was compact, the Hexar was surprisingly chunky. But it looks great and it has an outstanding lens (I read a review back in the nineties that it was at least as good as Leica's 35mm 2.0 lens, and of course the latter was more expensive and did not include camera and autofocus and autowinder.)
Mike Johnston (The Online Photographer blog) told me that the rumor was that Konica made the Hexar after Leica had declined or pulled out of a suggested cooperation.
I think I'll take it through its paces a little. So what's the 35mm film to get these days you think? (400 ISO, B/W). Is Kodak out of the picture? I heard they went down, but I haven't read up on it yet. (I'll forego the darkroom, I see that developing and scanning is surprisingly cheap these days, cheaper than 15 years ago.) | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9799250364303588}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '267357', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ONLN7563RZRV7B47YCLPVBYOKTTL23OF', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0dfb1293-042c-437c-88c4-948ad0504a82>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 10, 22, 13, 51), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.58.217.65', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MOBOGTPE3QRS2GYDQ5BZABOZEC6VDARF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:38494e6e-98cb-49a9-884f-ae611430e870>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://eolake.blogspot.com/2012_01_29_archive.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:85d321b6-1549-4618-9084-fbfb2fb3d98c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '954', 'url': 'http://eolake.blogspot.com/2012_01_29_archive.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-109-214-234.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.1446523666381836', 'original_id': 'd169457cb32b43b48fb41a50495090930d57b63e4fa4d30374fbffa52480770f'} |
If You’re Living Separately, Get A Divorce
In this blog, we discuss the difficulties that may arise for children in inheritance matters when their mother has been estranged from her husband and does not get a divorce. We take the example of a couple, that was living separately without getting a divorce. They had been living separately and apart for the last 30 years, having no contact with each other whatsoever.
Upon the death of the wife, the husband stands entitled to claim a 50% share in her estate. The reason? They were not legally divorced. This raises an interesting question for inheritance law: Is it right, when parties have been living separately and apart for many years, for the husband to legally claim a share of his estranged wife’s estate, even though he was absent from the decedent’s life for years?
The time period apart is of no legal consequence. However, if the children can prove that the husband abandoned his wife, he may be barred from claiming a share of the estate. The relevant rule states as under:
EPTL 5-1.2.5: Disqualification as Surviving Spouse.
A person maybe disqualified from claiming a share in his/her spouse’s estate if he/she abandoned their spouse.
The test to determine what constitutes abandonment is provided in the 1941 New York Surrogate’s Court case, In re Barc’s Estate 177 Misc. 578., which states:
“In order to attain a determination that a surviving spouse has abandoned her spouse, under EPTL 5.1.2, those contending for such a result must demonstrate, first, that departure from the other spouse actually occurred; second, that it was without the consent of the one left behind; and, third, that it was “unjustified,” in other words, that it did not occur in consequence of the fault of the person abandoned.”
Establishing abandonment may be difficult to prove without adequate documentary evidence.
So to conclude, please remember three important suggestions:
1. If you are not living together with your husband/wife anymore, break up, complete the process and obtain a legal divorce.
2. If your spouse has abandoned you, consult your lawyer to seek an assessment of your documents.
3. If a parent wants to leave his/her inheritance to the children, then he/she should create a Will, otherwise insurmountable delay will accrue in the probate process, all to the discomfort of the children.
Read More | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '8', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9625662565231324}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '33517', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:VPD4NJUXJDYMHIKZB33HXZ7VD3MLNXXN', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:91fddc6e-a373-41a9-a608-07cce3cae28c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 16, 17, 22, 44), 'WARC-IP-Address': '209.200.227.123', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:XKANNHBKJPZZ2OSZDUFYAOJ2BELVPQEH', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b2472580-da6e-44fd-8b18-515bd090490a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://jlwlawoffices.com/our-blog/tag/divorce/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:045be8aa-ab67-42f4-b86b-d329006de45b>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '403', 'url': 'http://jlwlawoffices.com/our-blog/tag/divorce/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-09\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-141-122-116.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03823816776275635', 'original_id': '508db02b56b11b0aeafc01978545a91a82c9c82ff38ad85aa52a3be9dd8ee53d'} |
Abstract
[From the Introduction]. ....From Moscow we perceive clear indications of Russia’s new positioning in the global arena in the near future, due to a series of events that affect the country directly. In particular, 2008 and early 2009 brought forth a number of unexpected challenges for the new Russian administration, which have created an image of Russia abroad that is far more aggressive than the one desired by the Kremlin. These unforeseen challenges can be grouped around three major events that placed severe conditions on Russia’s short-term foreign policy. These three key events strongly affecting Russia and its international relations during Medvedev’s first year of Presidency are 1. the conflict with Georgia, 2. the severe financial crisis, and 3. the renewed tensions seen in January 2009 due to the supply of Russian oil and gas to Western Europe. Below follows an analysis of Russia’s policy in relation to those areas considered as priority for its diplomacy: formerly Soviet territories, Western Europe, and the position of Russia as a world power. Finally, we will analyze the impact of the first year of Medvedev’s administration with regard to further Russian attitudes towards the international arena. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '3d64b333259ceb6476a95dbc5deebf67fbbd6cef2f5af3014815aea6cda837b6'} |
Hey Joe (Fontana), Where you goin' with that money in your hand?
Here's a guy that's getting more press than he likely wants. Joe Fontana, current mayor of London, Ontario, was recently charged by the R.C.M.P. for fraud, based on an investigation in to allegations that he misused public funds to pay for his son's wedding when he was an MP 7 years ago. This shouldn't come as a surprise to Mr. Fontana, but I believe that he ought to step aside until his name has been cleared of any wrong-doing.
There has been outcry from the huddled masses demanding his immediate resignation ever since the investigation's first announcement. Unfortunately for Mr. Fontana, the "man in the street" is an angry S.O.B., and is less likely to offer you presumed innocence as he is to string you up from the nearest dule tree. I disagree with most of these people. I believe that not only are most politicians dishonest to some extent, but also that most non-politicians are dishonest, to some extent. Politicians are simply more likely to have their dirt dug-up by enterprising news reporters than your average citizen.
What would I like to see? I would like for a reporter to gather a few of the most extreme public commenters investigated by the media, and any of their wrong-doings published for the world (or at least the city) to see. These misdeeds should of course be paired with their extreme comments. An argument that might be proffered by these extremists is that Joe Fontana is a public servant, and has given up his right to privacy. You would be right, of course, but how does that translate in to requiring that someone lose their job based on an unproven allegation?
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7 Remettez, dit le Seigneur, votre main dans votre sein. Il la remit, et Ten retira toute scmblalde au reste de son corps. 8 S’ils ne vous croient pas, dit le Sei- gneur, et s'ils n"6couter.t pas la voix du premier miracle, ils ecouteront celle du second. 9 Si a ces deux miracles ils ne croient point encore, et qu'ils n'ecoutent point votre voix, prenez de Teau du fleuve, re- pandez-la sur la terre, et tout ce que vous aurez puis6 sera change en sang. 10 Moise dit alors : Seigneur, je vous pvit de considerer que \e. n’ai jamais eu la facility de parler; et depuis meme que vous avez commence k parler a votre ser- viteur, j’ai la langue encore moins libre et plus embarrass^e. 11 Le Seigneur lui repondit: Qui a fait la bouche de Thomme? qui a form6 le muet et le sourd, celui qui voit et celui qui est aveugle? n"est-ce pas moi? 12 Allez done, je serai dans votre bou- clie ; et je vous apprendrai ce que vous aurez k dire. 13 Je vous prie, Seigneur, repartit Moise, envoyez celui que voas devez enr voycr. 14 Le Seigneur se fdcha centre Moise, ct lui dit : Je sais qu'Aaron, votre frere de la race de Levi s'exprime aisement; il va venir au-devant de vous, et quand il vous verra, son cceur sera plein de joie. 15 Parlez-lui, et mettez mes plirolcs dans sa bouche. Je serai dans votfe bouche et dans la sienne, et je vous montrerai ce que vous aurez ^ faire. 16 11 parlera pour vous au peuple, et il sera votre bouche, et vous le conduirez dans tout ce qui regarde Dieu. 17 Pienez aussi cette verge en votre main, car e’est avec quoi vous ferez des miracles. 18 Moise s’en alia done, et retourna cliez Jethro son beau-pere, et lui dit : Je m’en vais retrouver mes freres en Egypte, pour voir s’ils sent encore en vie. Jethro lui dit : Allez en paix. 19 Or le Seigneur dit a Moise lorsqu'il etait encore a Madian : Allez, retournez en Egypte ; car tous ceux qui voulaient vous dter la vie sont morts. 20 Moise prit done sa femme et ses fils, les mit sur un ane, et retourna en Egypte, portant k la main la verge de Dieu. 21 Et le Seigneur lui dit lorsqu^il re- tournait en Egypte : Ne manquez pas de faire devant Pharaon tousles miracles que je vous ai donne le pouvoir de faire. J’en- durcii ai son coeur, et il ne laissera point aller man peuple. 22 Vous lui parlerez done de cette sorte : Voici ce que dit le Seigneur : Israel est mon fils aine. 23 Je vous ai dejd dit : Laissez aller mon fils, afin qu’il me rende le cultc qui m'est du, et vous n'avez point voulu le laisser aller; e’est pourquoi je vais tuer votre fils ajn6. 24 Moise 6tant en chemin, le Seigneur se pr6senta k lui dans Thdlellerie, et il voulait lui 6ter la vie. 25 Sephora prit aussit6t une pierre trte aigue, et circoncit la chair de son fils; et touchant les pieds de Moisey elle lui dit : Vous m^fetes un ipoux de sang. HUwiitAwM Umiit 5K Mora /r Seigtmr laissa apfxts ^e^Sejoftora eut dit ^ cause de la oiraon- ^ciikxi : Vous m’^tes im ^oux de sang. 37 Cepeudant le Seigneur dit k Aaron : Attra aia*<devaiit de Hofse dans le desert. ttk Aaron alia au^vant de ltd jusqu'^ la montage de Dieu^ et il le bsdsa« Molse raconta k Aaron tout ce que le fieignettf lin avait dit enfenvoyant^ et les miracles qu’il lui avait ordonn^ de feire. 39 St venus tons deuxen Egypte, 3$ firent assembler tous les anciens d^en- Ire les enfants d’lsra^l. 90 Et Aaron rapporta tout ce que le Sei- CTeur avait dit k Moise^ et fit des miracles devant le peuple. 31 Le peupte le crut^ et ils comprirent que le Seigneur avait visits les eniknts dlsraM, et qu^il avait regard^ leur afflic- tion; et se prostemant an terre, ilsTado- rerent^ CHAPITREV. WHm fet Anran 46«htreiit k Phtnon lea «n)rea de IHeu.^ Let laredlitea aont maltrait^af et ae pUignent i Molae. 1 Aprte eda Moise et Aaron vinrent irouver Pharaon^ et lui parlarent en ces tennes : Voici ce que dit le Seigneur le Dieu d^Israd : Laissez aller men peuple^ afin qu'il me sacrifie dans le desert. 2 Buds il ripondit : Qui est le Seigneur, pour que je sois oblige d’icouter sa voix, etde laisser sortir Israel? Je ne connais point le Seigneur, et je nelaisserai point sortir Israel. 3 Ils lui dirent encore : Le Dieu des H4- breux nous a ordonn^ dialler trois jour- n6es de chemin dans le desert pour sacri- fiei m Seigneur notre Dieu, de peur que nous ne soyons frapp^ de la peste ou de l"6p6e. k Le roi d’Egypte leur r^pondit : Mmse et Aaron, pourquoi d6toumez-vous le people de leurs ouvrages? Allez k votre travad. 5 Pharaon dit encore : Ce peuple s’est fort multipti^ dam man royavme : vous voyez que cette populace s’est beaucoup accrue : combien crdtrait-elle davantage si on lui reldchait quelque chose de son travail. 8 Le roi donna done ce jour-Mi mime oet ordre k ceux qui avaient rhiteadance des ouvrages du peuple d*Israel, et <pii exi%6aten!l d’eux les travaux qu’on leur avait inqposds, et leur dit : 7 Vous ttb donnerez plus, comine aupa- ravant, de podlle A oe people pour foire lerace Mques : tnais qu^ «n alUentclier<« cher eux-mdmes. 6 Et vousne laissereKpra d'exigerd'eox la m^Bie quantity de briqura quails ren daieni auparavant, sansen rien dimimier Car ils n’ont pas de quoi s’occuper. C’es pourquoi ils orient, et se disent I'un d I'au tre : AUons sacrifier k notre Dieu. 9 Qu’on les accable de travaux, qu'it. foumissent tout ce qu*on exige d*eux^ afin qu’ils ne se repaissent plus de paroles de mensonge. 10 Alors ceux qui avaient rintendance des ouvrages, et qui les exigeaient du peu^ pie, dirent aux Hibreux : Voici Tordre de Pharaon : Je ne vous donnerai plus de paille. 11 Allez, et cherchez-en ou vous pour- rez en trouver; et n^axunoins on ne dimi- nuera rien de vos ouvrages. 13 Le peuple se r^pandit done dans toute TEgypte, afin d’amasser des pailles. 13 Bt ceux qui avaient Tmtendance des travaux les pressaient en leur disant : Rendez tous les jours la mime quantity de briques que vous rendiez lorsqu^on vous donnait des pailles. 14 Ceux done qui ^taient commis sur les ouvrages des enfents d^Israel, furent battus de verges par les ex6cuteurs de Pharaon, qui leur ^saient : Pourquoi nV vez-vous pas rendu, ni hier, ni aujour* d’hui, la meme quantity de briques que vous faisiez auparavant? 15 Alors ces gens qui commandaient aux enfants d’lsrael ]^ur les iaire tra- vailler, vinrent crier k Pharaon, en lui disant : Pourquoi traitez-vous ainsi ves serviteurs? 16 On ne nous donne plus de paille, et on nous commande de rendre le mfime nombre de briques qu’auparavant. Nous sommes battus de verges, nous qui som- mes VOS serviteurs, et on tourmente in- justement votre peuple. 17 II leur r^pondit : Vous avez trop de loisir, et e’est ce qui vous fait dire : Allons sacrifier au Seigneur. 18 Allez done, et travaillez : on ne vous donnera point de paille, et vous rendrez toujours la m^me quantite de briques. 19 Ainsi ceux qui ^taient commis sur les ouvrages des enfants d’Israel, se trou- verent dans une grande extr6mit6, k cause qu’on ne voulait leur rien diminuer dn nombre des briques quails Maient anpmiir vant obligee de fovmir chaque jour. 20 Et ayant rencontr^ Moise el Aapm, mcm, m, «es Israelites sertissentd^aA/^c Pharaon^ ill ils leur dircnt: ()ue le Seigoeur voie eeci^ etensoitlejuge; car vous nous avez mis en mauvaise odeur devant Pharaan at devant ses s^iteors, et vous lui avez donne une epee.pour.nousittter. 22 Moise etaut retoume vers le Sei- gneur^ lui dit.: .Seigneur, pourquoi avez- vous aOIige ce peuple? pourquoi m^avez- vous envoye? '23 Car d^uis qne je me suis presente devant Pharaon pour lui parler en votre nom, il a tourmente £neore plus votre peuple, et vous ne Tavez point deiivrd. CHAPITHE VI. Dieu r Minre XoIm «t eoii8ole^leil«n^itec. — Barant^te ftaban, de Simeon it de Ldri. 1 Le Seigneur dit k Moise: Vous verrez maintenant ce que je vais faire k Pharaon. Car je le contraindrai par la force de mon bras k laisser aller les Israelites, et ma main puissante Tobligerade les faire lui- meme sortir de son pays. 2 Le Seigneur park encore k Moise, et lui dit: Je suis le Seigneur, 3 qui ai apparu k Abrahdm, k Isaac et \ Jacob, comme le Dieu tout-puissant ; mais je ne me suis point fait connaitre k eux sous ce nom ^ui marque que je suis CELUI QUI EST. 4 Et j’ai fait alliance avec eux, en leur promettant de leur donner k terre de Chanaan, la terre dans kquelle ils ont de- meur^ comme voyageurs et strangers. 5 J’ai entendules g^missements des en- knts dlsrael parmi les travaux dont les Egyptians les accablent, et je me suis sou- venu de mon alliance. 6 C’est pourquoi dites de ma part aux enfants d’lsrael: Je suis le Seigimur : c’e^ moi qui vous tirerai de k prison des Egyp- tiens, qui vous delivrerai de k servitude, et qui vous racheterai en d4ployant la force de mon bras, et en faisant Mater k s^verit^ de mes jugements. 7 Je vous prendrai pour mon peuple, et je serai votre Dieu ; et vous saurez que c^est moi qui suis le Seimeur votre Dieu, lorsque je vous aurai dmvris de la prison des Egyptians; 8 et que je vous aurai kit entrer dans OBtte terre que j’ai jur6 de donner k Abra- ham, a Isaac et k Jacob: car je vous k donnerai et je vous en mettrai en posses- sion, moi qui suis le Seigneur. 9 Moise rapporta done tout ceci auxen- 69 fonts d’Israel*: mats >il8 ue PAcouUstmt point, k cause de kurwfotaie afDielicm, et de rexchs des Iravaux dont ife £te^nt accabks. 10 Dieu pai^ ensutte k Moke, et lui dit : 11 AUez trouver PlhaFadti, roi d’^Egypte, et parlez-loi afin qu’il permctte aux en- fants d’Israel de sortir de son pays. 12 Moise r^ondit au Seigneur: Vous voyez que les enfants disrael ne m’^ content point; comment done Pharaon m’6couterait-il, prmdpalement etant, comme je le suis, incirconcis des levres? 13 Le Seigneur paida enuore It Moise et k Aaron; il leur donna ordiae d’aller trou- ver les enfants d’lsra^ dt Pharaon, roi d’%ypte, pour faire sortir de I’Sg^te les enfaiks d’IsraM. 14 Void les noms des princes des mai- sons d* Israel, sekn Tordre de leurs fa- milies. Les enfants de Huben, fils aia^ dlsrad, furent Henoch, Phallu, fiesron et Charmi. 15 Ce son! \k les families de Ruben. Les enfants de Simeon furent Janrael ou Na- muel, Jamin, Ahod, Jaclm, Soar ou Zari, et Saul, fils d’une femme de Cha- naan. Ce sent k les families de Simeon. 16 Voici les noms des enfants de L4vi, et k suite de leurs families. Ses enfants furent Gerson, Caath et Merari. Letempis de la vie de l^vi fut de cent trente-sepi aim. 17 Les enfonts de Gerson ftirent Lcdmi et Semei, qui eurent chacun leurs fo- I milks. 18 Les enfonk de Caath furent Amram, Isaar, Hebron et Oziel. Le temps de la vk de Caath fut de cent trente-trois ans. 19 Les enfants de Merari fiirent Mohofi et Musi. Ce sont k les enfants sortis de Levi, chacun dans sa famille. 20 Or Amram 6pousa Josabed, fiik de son oncle paternel, dont il eut Aaron et Moise : et le temps que v6cut Amram Ait de cent trente-sept ans. 21 Les .enfants dlsaar Airent Core, Ne- pheg et Zechri. 22 Les enknts d’Oziel Airent Misa&l, Elisaphan et Sethri. 23 Aaron dpousa Elisabeth, fiUe d’Ami- nadab, soeur de Nahasson, dont il eut Nadal^ Abihu, Eleazar et Ithamar. 24 Les enfants de Coi)i Airent Aser ou Asir, Elcana et Abiasaph. Ce sont la ke kmilles sorties de Cori. 25 Eleazar, fikd’ Aaron, ^pousa une des fillesde Puthiel, dont ii eut Phinehs. Ce Molse et ^^rob envoy^s EXODEy Vll. par Dieu t Pharaon. sont Ik les chefs des families de L^vi^ qui eurent ehacun leurs enihnts. 26 Aaron et Moise sont ceux anxquelsle Seigneur commanda de faire sortir de l^Egypte les enfants d’Israel, selon leurs bandes et leurs troupes differentes, 2f7 Ce sont eux qui parlkrent k Pharaon, roi d'Egypte, pour faire sortir de TEgypte les enfauts d'IsraeL Moise et Aaron jurent ceux qui lui parlerent, 28 lorsque le Seigneur donna ses ordres k Moise dans TEgypte. 29 Car le Seigneur parla k Moise, et lui dit: Je suis le Seigneur; dites k Pha- raon, roi d'Egypte, tout ce que je vous ordonne lui dire. 30 Et Moise r6pondit au Seigneur : Vous voyez que je suis incirconcis des levres, comment Pharaon m"^coutera-t-il? CHAPITRE VII. ■oiM et Aaron vont trouvcr Pharaon. — La verge d'Aaron eat ehangtie en serpent. — Ire Plate : caux changees en sang. 1 Alors le Seigneur dit a Moise : Je vous ai etahli le Dieu de Pharaon, et Aaron votre frere sera votre prophete. 2 Vous direz k Aaron tout ce que je vous ordonne de dire, et Aaron parlera a Pharaon, afm qu"il permette aux enfants d^Israel de sortir de son pays. 3 Mais j^endurcirai son cceur, et je signa- lerai ma puissance dans FEgypte par un grand nombre de prodigeset de merveilles. 4 Car comme Pharaon ne vous ecoutera point, j'etendrai ma main sur TEgypte; et apres y avoir fait eclater la severite de mes jugements, j'en ferai sortir mon ar- m6e et mon peuple, qui sont les enfants d’Israel. 6 Les Egyptians apprendront que je suis le Seigneur, apres que j'aurai etendu ma main sur TEgypte, et que j'aurai fait sortir les enfants dlsrael du milieu d^eux. 6 Moise et Aaron firent done et se con- duisirent selon que le Seigneur le leur avait ordonn^. 7 Moise avait quatre-vingts ans, et Aaron quatre-vin^-trois, lorsqu'ils par- Ikrent k Pharaon. 8 Le Seigneur dit encore k Moise et k Aaron: 9 Lorsque Pharaon vous dira: Faites des miracles devant nous; vous direz k Aaron: Prenez votre verge, et jetez-la devant Pharaon, et elle sera chang^e en serpent. 10 Mmse et Aaron ^tant done all4s trou- ver Pharaon, firent ce que le Seigneur leur avajt command^. Aaron jeta sa verge devant Pharaon et ses serviteurs, et elle fut chang^e en serpent. 11 Pharaon ayant fait venir les sages d'Egypte, et lesmagiciens, ils firent aussi la mSme chose par les enchantements du pays, et par les secrets de leur art. 12 Et chacun d’eux ayant jete sa verge, elles furent chang^es en serpents; mais la verge d'Aaron d6vora leurs verges. 13 Alors le coeur de Pharaon s'endurcit, et il n'ecouta point Moise et Aaron, selon que le Seigneur Tavait ordonne. 14 Et le Seigneur dit k Moise : Le coeur de Pharaon s'estendurci; il ne veut point laisser aller mon peuple. 15 Allez le trouver des le matin; il sor- iira pour aller sur I'eau, et vous vous tiendrez sur le bord du fleuve pour venir au-devant de lui. Vous prendrez en votre main la verge qui a 6t6 chang^e en serpent, 16 et vous lui direz: Le Seigneur le Dieu des Hebreux m'a envoyc vers vous pour vous dire : Laissez aller mon peuple, afin qu'il me sacrifie dans le desert; et jusqu'a present vous n'avez point voulu m'ecouter. 17 Voiei done ce que dit le Seignem*: Vous connaitrez en ceci que je suis le Sei- gneur: Je vais frapper Teau de ce fleuve avec la ver^e que j'ai en ma main, et elle sera changee en sang, 18 Les poissons aussi qui sont dans le fleuve mourront; les eaux se corrom- pront, et les Egyptiens souffriront beau- coup en buvant de Teau du fleuve. 19 Le Seigneur dit encore k Moise: Dites k Aaron : Prenez votre verge, et etendez votre main sur les eaux d’Egypte, sur les fleuves, sur les ruisseaux, sur les marais et sur les eaux de tons les lacs, afin qu'elles soient chang^es en sang, et qu'il n'y ait que du sang en toute TEgypte, dans tons les vaisseaux ou de hois ou de pierre. 20 Moise et Aaron firent done ce que le Seigneur leur avait ordonne. Aaron ^levant sa verge, frappa Teau du fleuve devant Pharaon et ses serviteurs, et I'eau fut changee en sang. 21 Les poissons qui ^talent dans le fleuve moururent; le fleuve se corrom- pit, les Egyptiens ne pouvaient boire de ses eaux, et il y eut du sang dans tout le pays d'Egypte. 22 Les magiciens d^Egypte firent la m^me chose avec leurs enchantements, et le coeur de Pharaon s'endurcit. Il Le pa^g couvert de grenoalUeg. EXODE t VIU • La poQggidce devient moaeberoiuu couta point Moise et Aaron^ selon que le Seigneur Tavait ordonni^. 23 II sc retira de devant eux, et entra dans sa maison^ et il ne fldchit point en- core son ccBur pour cette fois. 24 Tous les Egyptiens creusferent la terre le long du fleuve, et y chercherent j de Teau pour boire, parce quails ne pou- vaient boire de Teau de fleuve. 26 Kt il se passa sept jours enticrs de- puisla plaie dont le Seigneur avait frappd le fleuve. CHAPITRE VIIL He Plaie : grenouilio». — Ille Plaie : moucheront. — 1 Ve PUie : niouches. 1 Le Seigneur dit encore k Moise : Allez trouver Pharaon, et lui dites: Voici ce que dit le Seigneur : Laisscz aller mon people, afin qu’il me sacrifie. 2 Si vous ne voulez pas le laisser aller, je frapperai toutes vos terres, etje les cou- vrirai de grenouilles. 3 Le fleuve en produira une infinite, qui entreront dans votre maison, qui monteront dans la chambre oii vous cou- cbez et sur votre lit, gui entreront dans j les maisons de vos serviteurs et dans celles de tout votre peuple, qui passeront jus- que dans vos fours eijusque sur les restes de vos viandes. 4 Cest ainsi que vous serez tourmentes de ces grenouilles, vous, votre peuple, et tous vos seiviteurs. 5 Le Seigneur dit done k Moise : Dites Aaron ; Etendez votre main sur les fleu- ves, sur les ruisseaux, et sur les marais, et faites venir des grenouilles sur toute la terre d'Egypte. 6 Aaron 4tendit sa main sur les eaux d'Egypte, et les grenouilles en sortirent, et couvrirent TEgypte de toutes parts, 7 Les magiciens firent aussi la meme chose par leurs enchantements, et ils iirent venir des grenouilles sur la terre d’Egypte. 8 Pharaon appela ensuite Moise et Aaron et leur dit : Priez le Seigneur, afin qu’il me d61ivre, moi et mon peuple, de ces grenouilles, et je laisserai aller le peuple, afin (m*i\ sacrifie au Seigneur. 9 Moise r^pondit k Pharaon : Marquez- moi le temps auquel vous voulez que je prie pour vous, pour vos serviteurs et pom votre peuple, afin que les grenouilles soient chass^es loin de vous et de votre maison, de vos serviteurs et de votre peuple, et qu^elles ne demeurent plus que dans le fleuve. 10 Demain, ripondit Pharaon. Je ferai, 6f dit Moise, ce que vous me demandez, afin que vous sachiez que nul n’est ^gal au Seigneur notre Dieu. 11 Les grenouilles se retireront de vous, de votre maison, de vos serviteurs et de votre peuple, et ellesne demeureront plus que dans le fleuve. 12 Moise et Aaron 6tant sortis de devant Pharaon, Moise cria au Seigneur pour oc- complir la promesse qu’il avait faite k Pha- raon, de le d^livrer des grenouilles au jour qu"il avait marqu6. 13 Et le Seigneur fit ce que Moise lui avait demand^; et les grenouilles mouru- rent dans les maisons, dans les villages et dans les champs. o 14 On les amassa en de grands mon- ceaux, et la terre en fut infectee. 15 Mais Pharaon voyant qu"il avait un peu de rel^che, appesantit son cceur, et il n^ecouta point Moise et Aaron, comme le Seigneur Tavait ordonn6, 16 Alors le Seigneur dit k Moise : Dites k Aaron : Etendez votre verge et frappez la poussiere de la terre; et que toute la terre de rEg 3 q)te soit remplie de mouche- rons. 17 Ils firent ce que Dieu leur avait dit : et Aaron tenant sa verge etendit la main, et frappa la poussiere de la terre ; et les hommes et les b^tes furent tout couvei-ts de moucherons, et toute la poussiere de la teri e fut changee en moucherons dans toute TEgypte. 18 Les magiciens voulaient faire la meme chose par leurs enchantements, et produire de ces moucherons, mais ils ne le purent ; et les hommes et les b^tes en etaient converts. 19 Ces magiciens dirent done it Pharaon : C'est le doigt de Dieu qui agit ici. Mais le coeur de Pharaon s*endurcit, et il n’^couta point Moise et Aaron, comme le Seigneur Tavait ordonne. 20 Le Seigneur dit encore k Moise : Le- vez-vous des la pointe du jour, et prdsen- tez-vous devant Pharaon; car il sortira pour aller sur Teau, et vous lui direz: Voici ce que dit le Seigneur : Laissez aller mon peuple, afin qu'il me sacrifie. 21 Si vous ne le laissez point aller, je vais envoyer centre vous, contre vos ser- viteurs, centre votre peuple, et dans vos maisons, des mouches de toutes sortes ; et les maisons des Egyptiens, et tous les lieux ou ils se trouveront, seront remplis de toutes sortes de mouches. 22 Etje rendrai ce joui^lh la terre de iMa «BrlM 1M«S. BlBPBiiuiiiiiii 'iri'i’ir I II niiiniiUJitK-' % Si;voiuiiMfi»M> ie m’ttUiti, «li aiiviMi* twonami- raouioiue^ lA ilatise Usmiwtkmm» dsi ces mouches, afin que; vowsi aMtbiapti c'Mtmoi am/ <pKi«iiw la, Seignaur dam toaite la teote» ^ J« edipran»ai]ua.iBm peupte votre peuple : demain ca mkaclo s« fiera.. ik L>» Migpour fib ca: (p’il amt dit. One mu lt it ude; dn moucbiw tnte daoge’ reo&ee idnt dana la maisoa da Pharaoa> d« ses serviteiim> «t par toute' rGgypte,;. et la terre fdt corrompu^ par oette aorta demouclies. 25 AJors Pfaaraoo appola Aluue et karoo, et leur. dit : AUee sacrifiar b iwtoe Dieu dans ce pays-ci. 26 Moiaa r^oimt: Gala ne pent point se faire; car boms saorifiarons: au Sei- gneur notre Dieu des animaux dont la mart paroUrait une {d>omiBetioa aux %yptians. Si nous tuons deyant las yeux des Egyptians ce qu’ila adocent. Us nous, lapidaront. ^ Nous irons dans la desert: trots jour- ndes da chamin, et nous sacriiieroos: au Seignaur notite Dtau> conuna il nous I’a command^. 28 Et Pharaon lui dit : Ja vous laisserai aller dans la desert pour sacrifiar au Sei- gneur yotre Dieu, mats n’aUez done pas plus loin; priez D«eu pour moi. 29 Molse r4pondit: Je prierai la Sei- gneur aussitdt qua je serai sorti d’au{H'^s de yous, et demain toutes les mouches se retireront de Pharaon, de sesserviteurset de son peupla. Mais ne me trompez done plus, ne laissant point encore aller le peuple pour sacrifler au Seigneur. 30 Moise 4tant sorti d’avec Pharaon, pria le Seigneur; 31 Et le Seigneur fit ce qua Moise lui ayait demand^ : il chassa toutes les mou- ches qiu tourmanlaient Pharaon, sesser- yiteurs et son peuple, sans qu’il en restdt une seule. 32 Mais le coeur de Pharaon s’endurcit, en sorte qu'il ne youlut point permettre encore pour cette fois que le peuple s’en alUlt. CBAPITBE IX. ▼« JPUie : pa»t« lur le« Mites. <^V|e Klate : ule^e snr les hommes et sur lee animauz. — VHe Plate : gr£le et tonnerre. 1 Le Seigneur dtt & Meise : AUez trour ver Piiaraon> etlui ditee: Yoiei ce que dit le Seigneur^ le Dieu des H^breux : Laissez aller men peuple efin qu'il me.ea- crifiew le retenez encore^ 3^je^ vais, ^ndse^ nmi maoi eur inei champe>.et lasclieiKajUK^ les&aea> les meaux^ les bozub eb lea bnebtt sfirmt frepj^sd'une peste: trte dangereuse. k Et le Seigneur feraiun nuraole peur disoemer ce qui appaiiient aiixt enfiBuitsi d'lsrad^ d’aveo ce qui appaitiieat aiuxa Eggrptiens ; en aerte que dta tout ce que possMent las< enfents d'feiMid rien ne^ p6rira. 5 Le Seigneur en a marqu^ lui-m(me le temps, et il declare que ce sera demain qu’il fera cette merveille sur la terre. 6 Le Seigi^ur fit done le lendemain ce qu’il avait dit. Xoutes.les bStes des Egyi^ tiens moururent, etnulle de toutes ceUea des enfants d’lsrad ne perit. 7 Pharaon envoya ¥oir : et Ton trouva que rien n'6tait mort de tout ce que pos-* s^dait Israel. Mais le cceur de Pharaon s’endurcit, et il ne laissa point aller In people. 8 Alors le Seigneur dit k Moise et kx Aaron : Prenez plein vos mains de la cendre qui est dans la cheminee, et que Moise la jette au ciel devant Pharaon; 9 et que cette poussiere se r4pande sur toute TEgypte. Il s’en formera des ulcdres et des tumours dans les hommes et dans les animaux par toute I’Egypte. 10 Ayant done pris de la cendre de la chemin^, ils se present&rent devant Pha^ raon, et Moise la j eta au ciel. En mSme temps il se forma des ulceres et des tu- meurs dans les hommes et dans les ani- maux. 11 Et les magiciens ne pouvaient se te- nir devant Moise> k cause des ulceres qui; leur etaient venus comme k tout le rests des E^ptiens. 12. Et le Se^neur endurcit le coeur de Pharaon, et il n’ecouta point Moise et Aaron, selon que le Seigneur I’avait pr6- dit a Moise. 13 Le Seigneur dit encore k Moise: Levez-vous d^s le point du jour, et pr6- sen tez- vous devant Pharaon*, et lui dites : Voici ce que dit le Seigneur le Dieu des H^breux : Laissez aller mon peuple, afin qu’il me saerifie. Car e’est inamleaant que je vais fame fondre toutes mes plaies sur votre emur, sur VOS serviteurs et sur votre people, ato que vous saebiez que nul n’est semblaMe k moi dans toute la terre. G'cuit masotePiMitqBue EXODE, X, €r 61 « eC tenne rre. TOa^main^ etihqpparde peste voos et votre peuple^ et vousp^ez de dessus lateire. 16 Car je vour ai ^bli pour ftiire 4cla- ier en vous ma toute-puissanee^ et poor rendre mon nom o^lbbre dans toute la erre. 17 Quoi ! vous retenez encore mon peo- ple^ et vous ne voulez pas le laisser aller ? 16 Demain k eette mime heure je ferai pleuvoir une horrible gr^le^ et telle qu^on n^en a point vu de sembls^le dans PE- gypte, depuis qu'elle est fondle jusque aujourd'hui. 19 Envoyez done d^ maintenant h la campagne, et faites-en retirer vos bdtes et toot oe que vous y avez ; car les homines et les b^tes, et toutes les choses qui se trouveront dehors^ et qu'on n^aura point retirees des champs^ mourront etant frap- p6es de la gr61e. 20 Ceux d^entre les serviteurs de Pha- raon qui craignirent la parole du Sei- gneur, firent retirer leurs sei'viteurs et leufs betes dans leurs maisons. 21 Mais ceux qui n^gligerent ce que le Seigneur avait dit, laisserent leurs servi- teurs et leurs b6tes dans les champs. • 22 Alors le Seigneur dit k Moise : Eten- dez votre main vers le del , afin qu"il tombe une gr^le dans toute TEgypte, sur les hommes^ sur les bd;es, et sur toute riierbe de la campagne. 23 Moise ayant lev6 sa verge vers le del, le Seigneur fit fondre la gi’^le sur la terre au milieu des tonnerres et des ieux qui brillaient de toutes parts; le Seigneur fit pleuvoir la grele sur la terre d’Egypte. 24 La grele et le feu meles Tun avec Fautre tombaient ensemble; et cette grde fut d’une telle grosseur qu"on n’en avait jamais vu auparavant de semblable dans toute Tetendue de rEg 3 q)te, depuis I’eta- blissement de son people. 25 Dans tout le pays dei’Egypte la grSle frappa de mort tout ce qui se trouva dans les champs, depuis les hommes jusqu'aux bites. Elle fit mourir toute Therbe de la campagne, et elle rompit tous les arbres. 26 II n’y eut qu'au pays de Gessen, ou itaient les enfants d'Israel, que cette grile ne tomba point. 27 Alors Pharaon envoya appeler Moise et Aaron, et leur dit : J'ai p6ch6 encore cette fois; le Seigneur est juste, moi ot mon people nous sommes des impies. 28 Priez le Sei^eur afin qu^ii fasse ces- ser ces grands tonnerreset la grUe^et que je vous iaisse aller, sans que vous demeti** riee id daivan^e. 29 Moise lui r^pomHt: 'Quand je send' sorti de la ville, j'deverai mes mains vers le Seigneur, et les tonnerres eesseront, et il ny aura plus de gr^le, afin que vous sachiez que la terre cst au Seigneur. 30 Mais je sais que vous ne eraignez point encore le Seigneur notre Keu, ni vous ni vos serviteurs. 31 Le lin et Torge ftirent done gfttis dt la grele y parce que Torge avait d^jit pous^ son 6pi, et que le lin commen^ait k mon- ter en graine. 32 Mais le froment et les W6s ne ftirent* point gflt^s, parce qii'ils daieftt pVas tardife. 38 Apres que Moise eut quittife Pharaon, et ftit sorti de la ville, il deva les mains vers le Seigneur, et les tonnerres et la grde cess^rent, sans qu^il tomb&t plus une goutte d"eau sur la terre. 34 Mais Pharaon voyant que la pluie, la grde et les tonnerres daient eesses, aug- menta encore son p4cb^. 35 Son coBur et celui de ses serviteurs s^appesantit et s'endurcit de plus en plus ; et il ne laissa point aller les enfants d'Is- rad, selon que le Seigneur Tavait ordonn^ par Moise. CHAPITRE X, Vllle PJaie : aauierellea. — IXc Plaie : 1 Alors le Seigneur dit ^Mdse: AUez trouver Pharaon ; car j^ai endurci son coeur, et celui de ses serviteurs, afin que je fasse eclater ces prodiges de ma puis- sance en sa personne ; 2 et que vous racontiez k vos enfants et aux enfants de vos enfants, de combien de plaies j’ai frappe les Egyptiens, et com- bien de merveillesj'ai fades parmi eux, et que vous sachiez que je suis le Seigneur. 3 Moise et Aaron vinrent done trouver Pharaon, et lui dirent: Voici ce que dit le Seigneur le Dieu des Hebreux: Jusqu^i quand refuserez-vous de vous assiijettir k moi? Laissez aller mon people, afin qu^il me sacrifie. 4 Si vous resistez encore, et si vous ne voulez pas le laisser aller, je ferai venir demain des sauterelles dans votre pays, 5 qui couvriront la surface de la terre, en sorte qu'elle ne paraitra plus, et qui mangeront tout ce que la grde n'aura pas gkU: car dies rongeront tous les arbres qui poussent dans les champs. 6 Elies rempliront vos maisons, les maK sons de vos serviteuzs et details tea i!gyp« 68 fiauterelles. EXODE, XI. tiens ; m soiie que ni vos pferes^, ni vos aleux n^en ont jamais vu une si grande quantity depuis le temps qu’ik sent n4s sur la terre Jusque aujourd^hui. Moise se <14touma aussit6t de devant Pharaon, et seretira. 7 Mais les serviteurs de Pharaon dirent h ce prince: Jusqu^Si quand souffrirons- nous ce scandale? Laissez aller ces gens-la^ afin qu'ils sacrifient au Seigneur leur Dieu. Ne voyez-vous pas que TEgypte est toute perdue ? 8 Ils rappelerent done Moise et Aaron pour pailer k Pharaon, qui leur dit: Allez, sacrihez au Seigneur votre Dieu; mais qui sont ceux qpi deivent y aller ? 9 Moise lui repondit: Nous irons avec nos petits enfanls et nos vieillards, avec nos fils et nos filles, avec nos brebis et tous nos troupeaux; car c^est la fi§te solennelle du Seigneur notre Dieu. 10 Pharaon lui repartit : Que le Seigneur soit avec vous en la nieme maniere que je vous laisserai aller avec vos petits enfants. Qui doute que vous n^ayez encela un tres mauvais dessein? 11 II n^en sera pas ainsi; mais allez seu- lement vous autres hommes, et sacrifiez au Seigneur : car e’est ce que vous avez demande vous-mSmes. Et aussitot ils fu- rent chassis de devant Pharaon. 12 Alors le Seigneur dit a Moise : Eton- dez votre main sur TEgypte pour faire ve- nir les sauterelles, afin qu^elles montent sur lesteires, et qu’elles devorerit toute Eherbe qui est restee apres la grele. 13 Moise etendit done sa verge sur la terre de FEgypte, et le Seigneur fit souf- fler un vent brulant tout le jour et toute la nuit. Le matin cevent brulant fitelever les sauterelles; 14- qui vinrent fondre sur toute TEgypte, et s^arrfit^rent dans toutes les terres des Egyptiens en une quantite si efftoyable, que ni devant ni apres on n"en vit jamais un si CTand nombre. 15 Elies couvrirent toute la surface de la terre, et gMhrenttout. Elies mangerent toute Fherbe et tout ce qui se trouva de fruit sur les arbres qui etait 6chappe k la grMe; et il ne resta absolument rien de vert, ni sur les arbres ni sur les herbes de la terre dans toute TEgypte 16 G’est pourquoi Pharaon se hkta de faire venir Moise et Aaron, et il leur dit : f ai p^chd centre le Seigneur votre Dieu et centre vous. 17 Mais pardennez-mei ma faute encore cette fois, et priez le Seigneur votre Dieu afin qu^il retire de moi cette mort. 18 Moise 6tant sorti de devant Pharaon, pria le Seigneur, 19 qui ayant fait souffler un vent trks violent du cdt6 de Tocciclent, enleva les sauterelles, et les jeta dans la mer Rouge, Il n"en demeura pas une seule dans toute I’Egypte. 20 Mins le Seigneur endurcit le coeur de Phan on, et il ne laissa point encore aller les enfants disracl. 21 Le Seigneur dit encore a Moise : Eten- dez votre main vers le ciel, et qu’il se forme sur la terre de TEgypte des tone- bres si epaisses, qu'elles soient palpables. 22 Moise etendit sa main vers le ciel, et des tenebres horribles couvru ent toute la terre de TEgypte pendant trois jours. 23 Nul ne vit son here, ni ne se remua du lieu ou il 6tait; mais le jour luisait par tout ou habitaient les enfants d’Israel. 24- Alors Pharaon fit venir Moise et Aaron, et leur dit : Allez sacrifier au Sei- gneur; que vos brebis seulement et vos troupeaux demeurent ici, et que vos petits enfants aillent avec vous. 25 Moise lui repondit: Vous nous don- nerez aussi des hosties et des holocaustes pour les offrir au Seigneur notre Dieu. 26 Tous nos troupeaux marcheront avec nous, et il ne demeurera pas seulement une come de leurs pieds; parce que nous en avons nteessairement besoin pour le culte du Seigneur notre Dieu, et d'autant plus que nous ne savons pas ce qui doit lui etre immol6 jusqu'k ce que nous soyons arrives au lieu meme qii il nous a marque, 27 Mais le Seigneur endurcit le coeur de Pharaon, et il ne voulut point le laisser aller. 28 Pharaon dit done k Moise : Retirez- vous, et gardez-vous bien de paraitre ja- mais devant moi: car en quelque jour que ce soit que vous vous montricz k moi, vous mourrez. 29 Moise lui repondit: Ce que vous or- donnez sera fait ; je ne verrai plus jamais votre visage. CHAPITRE XL Pridietion de la dixiime et derniire plaie. 1 Le Seigneur dit k Moise: Je ne frap- perai plus Pharaon et PEgypte que d’une seule plaie, et apres cela u vous laissera aller, et vous pressera m^me de sortir. 2 Vous direz done ktout lepeuple: Que chaque homme demande k son ami, ct Leg ait. chandelier d’or. EXODE, XXVL loncdu chandelier, 6tant toutes d’unori Tautre, pour rattacher k celle qui la iris pur baltu au marteau. 37 Vous ferez aussi sept lampes que vous mettrez au-dessus du chandelier afin qu’elles eclairent ce qui est vis-i-vis. 38 Vous ferez encore des mouchettes, et les vases destines pour y eteindre ce qui aura M mouch6 dcs lampes, le tout d’un or tres pur. 39 Le chandelier, avec tout ce qui sert k son usage, pesera un talent d’un or tres pur. 40 Considerez bien toutes choses, et faites tout selon le modde qui vous a 6te montre , sur la montagne. j CHAPITRE XXVI. Ordonnances tourhant les diverses parlies du tabernacle. 1 Vous ferez le tabernacle en cette ma- aiere : il y aura dix rideaux de fin lin re- ;ors, de couleur d*hyacinthe, de pourpre jt d’ecarlate teinte deux fois. Ils seront jarsemes d’ouvrages de broderic. 2 Chaque rideau aura vingt-huit coudees Je long et quatrc de large. Tous les ri- deaux seront d’une meme mesure. 3 Cinq de ccs rideaux tiendront Tain k Taulre, et les cinq autres seront joints de meme. 4 Vous mettrez des cordons d’hyacinthe au bord des rideaux des deux c6tes, afin quails puissent s'attacher fun a fautre. 5 Chaque rideau aura cinquante cor- dons de ctiaque c6te, places de telle sorte que lorsqu'on approchera les rideaux, les cordons de Tun repondent a ccu\ de Tautre, et qu'ou puisse les attaclier en- semble. 6 Vous ferez aussi cinquante anneaux d’or, qui serviront h joindre ensemble les deux voiles composes chacun des cinq ri- deaux, afin qu’il ne s’en fasse qu’un seul tabernacle. 7 V ous ferez encore on/e couvertures de polls de chevres pour couvrir le dessus du tabernacle. 8 Chacuriede ces couvertures aura trente coudees de long et quatre de large; et elles seront toutes de la m6me mesure. 9 Vous en joindrez cinq ensemble se- parement, et les six autres se tiendront aussi Tune k Tautre, en sorte que la sixieme puisse se replier en deux au fron- tispice du tabernacle. 10 Vous mettrez aussi cinquante cor- dons au bord d'une de ces couvertures, puig^Ja joindre avec Tautre sbn^iauante au bord de touchera. 11 Vous ferez aussi cinquante bouclcs d'airain, par lesquelles vous ferez passer ces cordons, afin que de toutes ces couver- tures il ne s'en fasse qu'une seule. 12 Et parce que de ces couvertures des- tinees k couvrir le tabernacle, il y en aura une de surplus, vous en emploierez la moi- ti4 pour couvrir le derriere du tabernacle. 13 Et comme ces couvertures debor- deront d^une coudee d"un cdte, et d’une coudee de I’autre, ce qui pendra de sur- plus servira a couvrir les deux c6t6s do tabernacle. 14 Vous ferez encore, pour mettre a couvert le tabernacle, une IroiJeme con- vert u re de peaux de moutons teintes en rouge; et par-dessus vous y en mettrez encore une quatrieme de peaux teintes en violet. 15 Vous ferez des ais de bois de setim pour le tabernacle, qui se tiendront debout etant joints ensemble. 16 Chacun de ces ais aura dix couddes de liaut, et une coud^t^ et demie de large. 17 Chaque ais aura une rainure d'un c6te et .une languette de V autre, alio qu'ils s'emboitent Tun dans Tautre: et tous les ais seront disposes de cette meme maniere. 18 11 y en aura vingt du c6te meridional qui regai de le vent du midi. 19 Vous ferez fondre aussi quarante bases d’argent, afin que chaque ais soil porte sur deux bases qui en soutiennent les deux angles. 20 11 y aura aussi vingt ais au second cote du tabernacle qui regarde Taquilon. 21 11s seront soutenus sur quarante bases d ’argent, chacun en ayant deux pour le porter. 22 Mais vous ferez six ais pour le cdU du tabernacle qui legarde foccident; 23 el deux autres qui seront dresses anx angles du deniere du tabernacle. 24 Ces ais seront joints depuis le bas jusqu’au haut, et ils seront tous embott& fun dans Taut re. Deux ais aussi qui seront mis aux angles, seront joints comme lee six autres. 25 II y aura done au fond huit ais en tout, qui auront seize bases d’argent^ chaque ais en ayant deux pour le soutenir. 26 Vous fei ez aussi des barres de bois de setim, cinq pour tenir fermes tous Its aisd’un des cdtes du tabernacle. 27 Cinq autres pour Tautre el 81 6 Levoileu EXODE, XXVII. cinq de mdme pour celui qui regarde Toccident. 38 Elies s^appliqueront de travers centre tons cesais depuis un bout jusqu’k Tautre. 39 Vous couvrirez les ais de lames d’or, et vous y ferez des anneaux d’or pour y passer les barres de bois qui tiendront en- semble tous les ais ; et vous couvrirez aussi ces barres de lames d^or, 30 Vous dresserez le tabernacle selon le module qui vous en a et6 montr6 sur la montagne, 31 Vous ferez aussi un voile de couleur d’hyacinthe, de pourpre^ d'ecarlate teinte deux fois, et de fin lin retors^ ou vous tracerez un ouvrage de broderie avec une riable variete. 2 Vous Te suspendrez h quatre colonnes de bois de setim, qui seront couveiies d’or, et qui auront des chapiteaux d'or et des bases d^argent. 33 Le voile tiendra aux colonnes par des anneaux. Vous mettrez au dedans du voile Tarche du temoignage, et le voile s^parera le saint d'avec le saint des saints. 34 Vous mettrez aussi dans le saint des samts le propitiatoire au-dessus de Farche du Wmoignage. 85 Vous mettrez la table au dehors du voile^ et le chandelier vis-^-vis de la table au c6te du tabernacle qui est au midi, parce que la table sera placee du cdt6 du septeiitrion. 36 Vous ferez aussi pour Tentree du ta- bernacle un voile qui sera d’hyacinthe, de pourpre, d'fearlate teinte deux fois, de fin lin retors, sur lequel vous ferez un ouvrage de broderie. 37 Le voile sera suspendu a cinq co- lonnes de bois de setim couvertes d"or, dont les chapiteaux seront 4’or et les bases d'airain. CHAPITRE XXVII. OrdoBHatiees pour Pautnl des holoc;iu9tes. le parvis, los vases saerds, Tliuile el les lampeii. 1 Vous ferez aussi un autel de bois de setim, qui aura cinq coudees de long et autant de large, c’cst*Mire qu"il sera ‘carre, et aura trois coudees de haut. 2 Quatre comes s^eleveront des quatre coins de Fautel, et vous le couvrirez d’ai- rain. 3 Vous ferez pour Tiisage de Tautel des vaisseaux qui serviront k en recevoir les cendres, des tenailles, des pincettes, des erocs, des brasiers, et vous ferez toutes ces choses d^airain. 4 Vous ferez aussi une grille d'airain en forme de rets, qui aura quatre anaeauz d’airain aux quatre coins, 5 et vous les mettrez au-dessous du foyer de Tautel. La grille s'6tendra jus* qu’aii milieu de rautel. 6 Vous ferez aussi pour Fautel deux bft- tons de bois de setim, que vous couvrirez de lames d’airain. 7 Vous les ferez passer dans les anneaux des deux cotes de Tautel, et ils serviront k le porter. 8 Vous ne ferez point Tautel solide, mais il sera vide et creux au dedans, se- lon le module qui vous en a et6 moutri sur la montagne. 9 Vous ferez aussi le parvis du taber- nacle. Au cote du midi vous dresserez des rideaux de fin lin retors. Chaque c6t6 aura cent coudees de long. 10 Vous y poserez vingt colonnes, avec autant de bases d’airain ; leurs chapiteaux et leurs ornements seront d'argent. 11 II y aura de meme du c6te de Taqui- lon des rideaux de cent coudtes de long, avec vingt colonnes qui auront chacune leurs bases d’airain, leurs chapiteaux et leurs ornements d’argent. 12 La largeur du parvis qui regarde Foccident aura cinquante coudees, le long de laquelle vous mettrez des rideaux, et dix colonnes avec autant de bases. 13 La largeur du parvis qui regarde Forient aura aussi cinquante coudees. 14 Vous y mettrez des rideaux d’un cdte dans Fespace de quinze coudees, et trois colonnes avec autant de bases. 15 Vous mettrez de Fautre c6t6 des rideaux dans le meme espace de quinze coud6es, avec trois colonnes et autant de bases. 16 A Fentree du parvis, vous mettrez dans Fespace de vingt coudees des rideaux d’hyacinthe et de pourpre, d^ecarlate teinte deux fois, et de fin lin retors, le tout en ouvrage de broderie. Cette en- tree aura quatre colonnes avec autant de bases. 17 Toutes les colonnes du parvis tout autour seront revetues de lames d’argent ; elles auront leurs chapiteaux d'argent, et leurs bases d’airain. 18 Le parvis aura cent coudees de long, cinquante de large, et cinq de haut. Hes rideaux se feront de fin lin retors, et lea bases seront d'airain. 19 Tous les vases qui serviront 4 tous les usages et k toutes ’qr tabera^e,et tous r ’ “ I La PAqne fnstitiiAe. L'agneaa pasoa!* chaqiio. femme h sa v^^;ie;^es vases maison tient h la sienne^ autant qu’il en argent et d*or. faut pour pouvoir manger I’agneau. rargent ei 3 Et le S Seigneur fera trouver grAce h nit pour pouvou* manger l agneau. 5 Get agneau sera sanstache; ce sera son penpledevantlesEgyptiens. Or Moise un mAle^ et il n^aura qu'un an. Vous <Hait devenu tres grand dans toute I’E- pourrez aussi prendre un ciievreau qui ait gypte, tant aux yeux des serviteurs de ces mAmes conditions. Pliaraon, quedetout son peuple. 6 Vouslegarderezjusqu^auquatorziAme k Et il Ini dit avant de le quitter: Voici jour de ce mois, et toute la multitude des ee que dit le Seigneur: Je sortirai sur le enfants disrael Timmolera au soir. minuit, ef je parcourrai TEgypte; 7 Ils prendront de son sang, et ils en 5 et tons les premiers-nes mourront mettront sur Tun et Tautre poteau, et sur dans les terres des Egyptians, depuis le le haut des portes des maisons ou ils le premier-ne de Pliaraon qui est assis sur man^eront. son trdne, jusqu’au preinier-n6 de la ser- 8 Et cette mAmc nuit ils en mangeront vante qui tourne la meuledans le moulin, la chair rdtie au feu, et des pains sans le- et jusqu'aux premiers-nes des betes. 6 11 s'elevera un grand cri dans toute vain, avec des laitues sauvage.;! 9 Vous n’en mangerez rien qVi soit cm. TEgypte, et tel que ni devant ni apres il ou qui ait ete cuit dans Teau ; mais seule* n'y en eut et il n’y en aura jamais un ment roti au feu. Vous en mangerez la semblable. 7 Mais parmi tous les enfants dMsracl, tele avec les pieds et les intestins; 10 et il n’en demeurera rien jusquau depuis les hommes jusqu’aux betes, on matin. S'il en restequelque chose, vous le n’entendra pas seulement un chien crier; brulerez au feu. ahnque vous sachiez conibien grand est 11 Voici comment vous le mangerez: le miracle par lequel le Seigneur diseerne Vous vous ceindrez les reins, vous aurei Israel d’avee les Egyptiens. des Souliers aux pieds, et un bAton a la 8 Alors tous vos serviteurs que vous main, et nous mangerez h la hAte; car voyez ici viendront h moi, et ils m’adorc- e’est la pAque (e’est-a-dire, le passage) du ront, en disant: Sortez, vous et tout le Seigneur. peuple qui vous est soumis. Et apres cela 12 Jepasserai cette nuit -lA par TEgypte; nous sortirons. je frapperai dans les terres des Egyptiens 9 Et Moise se retira de devant Pharaon tous les premiers-nes, depuis Tbomme dans une tics grande colere. Or le Sei- jusqu’aux betes, et j^exercerai mes juge- gneur dit a Moise: Pharaon ne vousccou- ments sur tous les dieux de PEgypte, moi tera point, afin qu’il se fasse un grand qui suis le Seigneur. nombre de prodiges dans TEgypte. 13 Or le sangdont sera marquee chaque 10 Moise et Aaron firent devant Pha- maison ou vous demeurerez, servira de raon tous les prodiges qui sont ecrits signe en votre faveur. Je verrai ce sang, ce livre. Mais le Seigneur endurcit le etje passerai vos maisons, et la plaie de cceur de Pharaon ; et ce prince ne permit mort ne vous touchera point lorsque j’en point aux enfants d’lsrael de sortir de frapperai toute TEgypte. ses terres. 14 Ce jour vous sera un monument ses terres. l4 Ce jour vous sera un monument CIIAPITRE XII itcrnel ; et vous le celebrercz de race en race par un culte perpetuel, comme une Miinduc.tlion de rasm-aii pMcal. — Xe pUi« : mort des prf mim- colpflTlpllp A l;j cdnil’P fill ^piirnAiir / nes d’Etfjpte. — Surlie des Israehles. -- Prceeptes loucluiil U SOieillieiie a l<l ^lUlie UU oCl^neur./ 15 Vous mangerez des pains sans lei^. 1 Le Seigneur dit aussi A Moise et A pendant sept jours. Des le premier joui Aaron dans TEgypte : il ne se trouvera point de Icvain dans vos 2 Ce mois-ci sera pour vous le common- maisons. Quiconque mangera du pain cement des mois; ce sera le premier des avec du levain depuis le premier jour mois de ranuee. jusqu'au septiAme, pArira du m^eu 3 Parlez A toute VassemblAe des enfants d’Isracl. d’Israel, et dites-leur: Qu’au dixieme 16 Le premier jour sera saint et so- jour de ce mois cbacun prenne im agneau lennel, et le scpticine sera une fete egale- pour sa famine et pour sa maison ment vAnArable. Vous ne ferez aucune 4 S'il n’y a n^s dans la maison assez de muvre servile durant ces deux jours^ ^ KocAe; et cii^ “ qui regarde le marker. yiH G ^ f ^ gjjjj voisin^ dont la 17 Vous garderez done cette tete des A. i. Aft ft Pain sans lavain^ EXODE, XII* Sortie des Isradiltes. | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'in.ernet.dli.2015.218332_3', 'collection': 'English-PD', 'open_type': 'Open Culture', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '', 'title': 'None', 'creator': 'None', 'language': 'French', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '8265', 'token_count': '13578', '__index_level_0__': '36194', 'original_id': '564df9fb0b9da6b186bfd83d9afd0c952d7ebc5ab44bc17e204f876ddc3d1e32'} |
Yuru Yuri Eps02-03
I had initially intended to batch together eps02-04, but it turned out that I had a lot more to say. Surprisingly, I'm liking this anime a lot more than I had initially expected after watching the first episode.
Super loli!
I had previously drawn a lot of similarities to A Channel and, while most of them are still true, I have to throw in that Yuru Yuri has something that A Channel was sorely missing - comedy. The allusions to lesbianism is still in full-force with these two episodes, only getting more extreme with the introduction of characters that are honestly just fangirls. The over-the-top element is what adds to the overall hilarity; while an everyday life is depicted, these episodes add the humour that kept me going back for more. Ep02 sees the introduction of the student council (sans the president) and ep03 deals with Yui's living alone.
That's pretty hardcore, being in middle school.
Ep02 picked up a few minutes before ep01 ended, although told from a different vantage point. Sugiura Ayano (the student council vice president) and Ikeda Chitose (a student council member of unknown position) were in the student council room, with Ayano discussing how she had lost, once again, to Kyouko. After becoming frustrated, she traipsed out towards the Tea Ceremony Clubroom in order to confront Kyouko, which is exactly where ep01 ended. (The overlap was pretty nicely done; it even showed Akari sheepishly sitting back down after her speech was interrupted.) Kyouko turned out to be some kind of genius (or, at least, very good at studying), as she placed first in her class after only studying the night before for exams. For the entire scene, the regular members of the club took a backseat, and the focus was on Ayano and Kyouko, with Chitose driving them on.
Senjougahara, on the left? The similarities...!
Heated conversations led to the proclamation of battle, such that Ayano challenged Kyouko to do better than her in the next tests (or, rather, continue to do better than her). If Kyouko was unable to, then Ayano would take away the clubroom from them (as they were using it without permission); if Kyouko was able to, then Ayano and Chitose would join the club. Chitose attempted to divert their attention from tests, revealing that a loss of her glasses made her go into some kind of strange lesbian-driven fantasy world (kind of like OreTsuba, except less ecchi). By the end of the episode, the results of this contest hadn't been shown yet, since the scene shifted to the next one and never really came back to this topic.
Age-old rivalry. I want to see a real cobra vs mongoose fight.
The next storyline began with Ayano realizing that Kyouko had forgotten to hand in an assignment, and heading off (with Chitose in tow) to personally collect it. Since they had been working hard on sorting all the assignments, they asked their council juniors Omuro Sakurako and Furutani Himawari to do it. These two, both candidates for the vice-presidency after Ayano's term, turned out to be bitter rivals, wanting to best each other no matter what. They also wanted to surprise Ayano by having all the papers sorted, but couldn't do it on their own, so they asked classmates Akari and Chinatsu. Of course, since their club members were helping, Kyouko and Yui decided to help out as well. Thus, as Ayano spent quite a long time searching for Kyouko (hilariously revealing that the only reason she could burst in with a booming voice was because she did it whether or not she knew Kyouko was there), the four club regulars assisted the junior council members in sorting (and Kyouko left the assignment for Ayano to receive).
I have to say those breasts are a little big, in general and not just for her age.
As typical as the "one-sided" rivalry between Ayano and Kyouko, Sakurako and Himawari don't seem to be bitter rivals to the end. They seem to show their dislike for each other only on the surface, and sometimes in retrospect (such as pointing out only after the fact that their closeness in the council picture was a facade). This was capitalized when Sakurako refused to have Himawari's cookies (the ones she made for Akari and Chinatsu as thanks for helping), but it later was shown that Himawari had packaged some for her in a separate bag (with ribbons and frills, as if they were confession cookies...). As well, Sakurako randomly carried around two PE uniforms, lending Himawari one when she forgot hers. (Chinatsu asked for the reason, but it was gently ignored.) Both instances ended with more arguing than closeness; Sakurako suggested that Himawari had gotten rejected and was passing the cookies off to her, while Himawari "accidentally" stretched out the chest of the borrowed PE shirt.
You'd think she'd carry around extra glasses...
The final scene for this episode was focused on Ayano, who was sick in bed, and the visit from Kyouko, Yui and Chitose. While Ayano didn't look to be doing too badly (until the very end, due to the commotion around her), Chitose was unable to keep herself from visioning the various ways that the Ayano-Kyouko love would play out. Kyouko accidentally breaking her glasses sent her into perma-bleeding mode, since she was very anaemic and the episode ended with the calamity. I must say that even though it's over-the-top, all of this was still pretty funny. The characters don't have a lot of depth, but they have all the right traits for good interactions with each other.
Not even remembering the main character's name...!
Ep04 suspiciously began with Akari's voice-over of how much she liked being in middle school, suspicious because the episode wasn't particularly about her. (It's funny because even the writers poke fun at how Akari's status as "main character" is questionable.) Kyouko, just barely making it to class on time, forgot her homework and so she was given extra as punishment. The conversation in the clubroom, as she whined about not wanting to do the extra pages, turned to forgetting things, after Yui was spotted with "cabbage" written on her hand. This most reminded me of A Channel, at the very beginning, because of the way the mundane conversation topic was presented. However, I realized just why I like this anime more than A Channel - this one has fast-paced conversation, due to the characters' various fetishes and delusions. A Channel was more streamlined, with conversation topics changing slowly.
As an example, after Chinatsu asked Yui to go together to a movie, Kyouko thought about how cute Chinatsu was and what she would look like with her hair down. With that in mind, her view shifted to Akari, and she suddenly began wondering what kind of hairstyle that was, having two specific delusions. I do have to throw in my two cents here: how is such a hairstyle really possible?! I always questioned what was going on with Sailor Moon; not only is that some really long hair, but how are those two buns created? Akari's hairstyle is even more suspect, due to the length of the hair left down. Maybe she just has thick hair (as in, a lot of strands), and so the buns look full and heavy. I don't know any girl that would grow out her hair in various lengths all over her head for the sake of one particular hairstyle. (Not saying they probably don't exist, though...)
Middle school students with lingerie. That's pretty fast.
Just as quickly as Kyouko had shifted to having delusional theories about Akari's hair, the scene shifted to a visit to Yui's house. She very calmly revealed that she had begun living alone, at an apartment complex where the landlord was a relative, and Kyouko immediately thought of visiting. I have to admit, since the scene jumped so quickly, I thought for the first 5min of the visit to Yui's house that it was only a fantasy. Anyway, Kyouko dropped by unannounced and, after much pestering, was allowed in. Yui suggested that the other two visit as well, and she went to go pick them up after they got lost while Kyouko made herself at home. When all four headed to the supermarket to get ingredients to make lunch (omurice and miso soup, with tossed salad), I was reminded of A Channel's episode with pancakes. That was one of the better episodes, although still overall not that great, and I definitely liked this rendition of hanging out and cooking much better.
+1 for showing me cute children.
Just like with A Channel, the visit to Yui's house involved a bath for one of the characters. Do people really need to bathe after spilling something on themselves like that? I mean, I really can't imagine doing that in someone else's house, even if I was spending the night. Anyway, the episode showed some childhood memories of Yui and Kyouko (with Akari tagging along!), and I must say that the children were drawn pretty cutely. As quickly as the visit had begun, Chinatsu and Akari had to get back home. It was really sweet how Kyouko invited herself over, already wearing pyjamas and slipping into the futon. While she may seem overbearing and thoughtless sometimes, her sleep-over was sparked by the fact that she worried Yui was lonely (and she was, a little). It's luck to have a friend like that, one that without instigation would secretly care about you and your well-being. I would have felt a lot better about A Channel's Run and Tooru were the latter not always so lonely and insecure; both Yui and Kyouko here seem happy and fully functional without each other, which makes their time together even better.
Did the sparkles cost extra?
Before leaving this episode discussion, I really have to comment on the housing situation. It's very strange that a middle school student is able to live alone like this. (Yui is in her 2nd year of middle school, so that would make her a 13-year-old in 8th grade, more or less.) I suppose the culture is very different, but it's still a little suspect. At any rate, the thing I have the most problem with is her apartment. I hear lots of talk about how married couples want a 2LDK, or how single salary-workers are lucky to live in a 6-tatami room. However, in many anime about children, the apartments are always large and spacious. I realize that this apartment is pretty much a bachelor, but it still looks pretty big to comfortably fit all four people like that. Moreover, as best as I can imagine, lofts tend to be slightly more expensive due to the extra-high ceilings. Things might be different in Japan but, given the extremely high cost of living, I seriously wonder how she's affording it. I'm pretty sure her rent is different, since the landlord is her relative, and she also didn't have to jump through the typical hoops to get accepted as a tenant. On the other hand, her parents might just be rich, which would be the answer to all my questions.
The president's face is blocked! Cliche, but interesting.
I can't remember who it was that commented in the chatbox, but that person said that Yuru Yuri was definitely his guilty pleasure of the season. Putting the "guilty" part aside, I'd have to agree to an extent. I'm enjoying it for the time-being, much more than I enjoyed A Channel after getting 3 episodes in. I wonder how long this kind of episode structure and comedy will be intriguing, though... | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9880967736244202}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '92164', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:2QLJV5WG7FGCICFJM46N6Y2PXQS3Y4W2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:47914565-40f2-41a4-8e7e-d8504821c35d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 5, 40, 34), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.164.179', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NBHBYL3KBQY3PU2WELQQDE4CONY5YJN3', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:0c4bcb65-3d56-41a6-a228-bcf02f78572a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.clanrain.com/2011/08/yuru-yuri-eps02-03.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b2ea4066-ca3c-4a1b-9f31-f9e801f07242>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1914', 'url': 'http://www.clanrain.com/2011/08/yuru-yuri-eps02-03.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-142-81-83.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.08633959293365479', 'original_id': '26ac8b852b2a177f9c6952eb5e9555fafe7219fbadac64fc5b714f525be557b6'} |
Can Human Stomach Acid Dissolve Bones
Although a minimal amount of carbohydrate digestion occurs in the mouth, chemical digestion really gets underway in the stomach. An expansion of the.
Actually, humans and other mammals have some of the strongest stomach acid around. Cows have intestinal bacteria that can break down cellulose so that the cow can use it for food. They still cant digest bones and other hard parts.
Amazing Human Body Home⇒Misc⇒Info on Human Body ★ The largest organ in the body is the skin. ★ The liver is the largest gland and the largest internal organ in the human body.
No other vertebrates' stomachs can measure up in the acidity department, When crocodiles swallow the bones of their prey, they tend to linger in this stomach area. Many animals eat on a daily basis, like human beings, but not crocodiles.
I. INTRODUCTION. Calcium is one of the more plentiful elements in the body. Most of it in the bones, teeth and nerves. Most people do not ingest nearly enough bioavailable calcium because there are few excellent sources of available calcium.
If these small chips are swallowed they will pass along the intestinal tract and be eliminated in the stool — most of the time! Stomach acid will dissolve the bone.
I agree that feeding some types of bones can be dangerous, but I feed my dogs raw. Several years ago, I realized that dogs and humans take cartilage pills to.
Foreign bodies are ingested objects that can get stuck in the digestive tract and. and chicken or fish bones, may get stuck in the esophagus or stomach or at areas of the. The fiery burning sensation is caused by stomach acid backing up.
Feb 11, 2014. A human stomach is a pretty horrible place for a living creature – dark, acidic, and full of nasty gasses from the breakdown of food. Yet we know.
Feb 19, 2019. Stomach acid can also aggravate ulcers, making them more painful. may block hydrogen ion transport in the bones as well as the stomach. Here they may compete with human cells for the absorption of nutrients,
Kids learn about the biology of the human body including the senses, cells, tissues, and organ systems such as the digestive system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and respiratory system. Fun facts about the human body.
02.04.2019 · Phytic acid is one of a number of “anti-nutrients” in grains and legumes. For an introduction to this subject, please see this article. Proper preparation of whole grains will neutralize a large portion of these problematic compounds.
Natural Human Diet according to Biological and Evolutionary Evidence The foods and influences to which a species is biologically adapted are those deemed "natural" to its disposition as derived by the sum total of their biological heritage from millions of years of evolution.
Uncomplicated Gerd Dec 1, 2018. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition that is. management, as MSA for uncomplicated GERD achieves similar. Symptomatic Gerd Advanced Surgical Associates. your home for. – Welcome.
Hello! I was concerned about this statement in #6: Studies show that when glycine, an amino acid present in gelatin, isn’t properly metabolized….
I think you have a few things confused. The Stomach with the hydrochloric acid – breaks down protein – it doesn’t break down the carbs and fats – the bile that is.
They can not only chew and digest human flesh, they can also readily digest human bone without excreting a noticeable trace of it. Of course, they can't quite.
Sep 1, 2000. At the level of the collarbones (clavicles) — the most common place. The technique also can be used to push the object into the stomach,
1-RM in weight lifting, one-repetition maximum. This is the heaviest weight you can lift once for any given movement (like bench press). See this page for more.
Symptomatic Gerd Advanced Surgical Associates. your home for. – Welcome. Advanced Surgical Associates is your home for surgical excellence in Montgomery and Central Alabama. Since 1983, Dr. Wesley H. Barry, Jr. and
How long does a human hair live for? What’s the strongest muscle in the body? What’s the tiniest human cell? These questions and many other bizarre quandaries will be answered in this really fascinating list of 120 amazing facts about your very own body!
Also, stomach acids from frequent vomiting or acidic drinks will dissolve enamel and affect the. Bones can remodel and grow new bone, while teeth cannot.
Do dogs digest bones? My 20 lb dog just swallowed a large chunk of. – I've had a dog keep contents in his stomach for 8 hours before vomiting in the past. The inclusion of vitamin and mineral supplements, amino acids, pre- and. Your continuum directly compares human food to kibble. Supposedly their stomachs can break down bones into a paste type texture.
Digestion great white shark turn their stomachs inside – Nov 30, 2018. Here there are no digestive juices secreted, as the shark does not chew. So, strong stomach acids and enzymes such as gastric acid and. Only mush is pushed through there because the stomach acid dissolves the stomach contents. to a human but the large intestine is actually shaped like a screw.
Aug 4, 2015. Do not eat other food to try to “force” the bone down the throat, warn. belief, drinking vinegar does not help to dissolve fish bones either. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '224', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9185796976089478}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '28524', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6LFEVFERHUNI77Q4FTCF7CXDOPXNSQVN', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:5f9c7df9-3d05-469f-901e-f0b9e00ed493>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 10, 21, 13, 37, 25), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.24.106.160', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YV5ERLE2YYWQ42TFLJOXVN2BCMGGGFA7', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:3317f4e8-d0ed-4b05-ab76-f4239418134a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://patcue.com/can-human-stomach-acid-dissolve-bones/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:bb62b51d-4328-482c-a827-e53db8139a42>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1097', 'url': 'https://patcue.com/can-human-stomach-acid-dissolve-bones/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-43\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-206.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.023174405097961426', 'original_id': 'af7d5e6f0165fbc08af31acbc329172eaaaf477ccc1fb155cd0a2652ee1732ff'} |
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A fish for our time
When it turned up unexpectedly, 75 years ago, the coelacanth was the biological find of the century. And now it is showing why
Samantha Weinberg | November/December 2013
As the sun was setting on August 18th 2003, the night fishermen of Hahaya village eased their wooden pirogues off the jagged lava rocks and slid into the water. The ocean off the western coast of Grande Comore was calm and as the half-moon rose, they could see the volcano of Karthala silhouetted against the darkening sky. A few hundred metres offshore, one of the fishermen, a veteran of decades of nights on the dark water, laid his paddles across the boat and prepared a line. He tied two flat black stones above a baited hook, then let the fine filament slip through his fingers until it touched the seabed, deep below.
He was waiting for the nibble and tug of a fisha snapper or a grouper, perhaps, or if he was lucky, a marlin, which he would take the next morning to sell at the market in Moroni. But this time the tug was unfamiliar, and the old fisherman fought with the line before he managed to pull the fish to the surface.
Deep water at night is ink-black and the first thing he saw was a pair of eyes, glowing pink in the pale moonlight. As they surfaced, he could make out a large fish. He recognised it instantly as a gombessa, or coelacanth (pronounced see-la-kanth). Although rarely caught, it was known to all in the Comoros as their most precious asset, a fish that some said was the ancestor of man.
Only six coelacanths had been caught in the waters off Hahaya since 1966, and none in the previous five years, but the old fisherman knew what to do. He tethered it to the back of the boat and paddled back to the village. He knew there was little time to lose as gombessa live in the ocean depths and had never survived for more than a few hours at the surface. Determined to try, he made a safe water pool, and waited for the sun to rise.
The next morning, his nephew took the first bus into Moroni and went straight to the Centre National de Documentation et de Recherche Scientifique (CNDRS)a handsome white building off the central roundabout in Moroni, which houses the national museum and archives. He told them about the catch. It was what they had been waiting for since the previous year, when Professor Rosemary Dorrington of Rhodes University in the Eastern Cape had visited the island to talk about a new projectthe African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme (ACEP)that had been set up in South Africa. She had left behind some equipment and instructions on what to do if a coelacanth was caught. Her point man in Moroni was Said Ahamada, a young environmentalist.
Ahamada was at home when the phone rang. He rushed to the CNDRS, grabbed the collecting kit and then caught a bush taxi to Hahaya. “It was very emotional,” he remembers. “I was very impatient to see the fish. And when I got there it was still moving a little. It was a very big female, close to two metres, and had already turned brown. But its eyes were still shining; it was amazing to see lights coming from its eyes.”
The coelacanth was hauled out of the water and laid on white plastic sacking, where, almost immediately, it died. Following Dorrington’s instructions, Ahamada took blood samples. He paid the fisherman, then heaved the coelacanth, still wrapped in its sacking, into the boot of a red hire car and, clutching the vial of blood, careered back to Moroni.
The fish was laid out on a table at CNDRS. Ahamada cut carefully into its side and extracted samples from all the major organsliver, heart, blood and gills. He carefully put each of them through a small manual meat-grinder, specially adapted for the task in case a lack of electricity made it impossible to use a blender, to homogenise the tissue. The samples were stored in the CNDRS freezer.
"I was excited that this fish from the Comoros was going to be used for science," Ahamada says. "But at that time I had no idea how important it would be." It wasn’t for another decadeuntil April this yearthat he would find out exactly how important.
Coelacanths are the size of humans. They are slate-blue when alive, with white flecks on the thick scales that cover their bodies. They live in the gloaming, around 200-400 metres below the surface, where light barely penetrates and few creatures venture. They spend their days sheltering in rocky caves in small groups, coming up to feed at night as the water above them cools. Unlike most fish, they give birth to live youngsmall, perfectly formed baby coelacanthsand when disturbed they lift themselves into headstands, apparently using an electro-sensory organ in their snout to detect the presence of predators or prey.
The handful of people who have seen them in their natural habitat talk of their glowing eyes and their gentle demeanour. They describe coelacanths moving with surprising grace, deploying their fanned fins in a diagonal formationright fin in front, left trailing behindthat is similar to a lizard walking.
It was those fins that first excited the attention of scientists, nearly two centuries ago. In 1839, the Swiss scientist Louis Agassiz described a fossil fish that had been found in Permian marl slate near Durham in the north of England. He named it Coelacanthus (from the Greek for hollow spine) granulatus (for the tubercular ornamentation on the surface of its scales). Over the decades, similar fossils were found across the world, dating from around 380m years ago to around 70m years ago, when the fossil record disappeared and the coelacanth was assumed to have become extinct.
The Coelacanthus fossils caused a stir in the scientific world, particularly after the publication of Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species" in 1859. In the coelacanth’s lobed fins, palaeontologists thought they saw clues to the identity of the "missing link", the first fish that crawled out of the sea to evolve into amphibians, reptiles, mammals and, eventually, man. They postulated that the lobed fins of the fossil coelacanths suggested that they were the ancestor of the first fish that crawled out of the sea. Others put their money on the lungfish, the first living specimen of which had been discovered in the Amazon in the 1830s by Johann Natterer, a Viennese naturalist.
Natterer had returned to Vienna from a collecting expedition with an eel-shaped creature, around two feet long, with both gills and functioning lungs, which he suggested in a monograph was a "new species of animal of the family of fish-like reptiles" (Ichthyodea). A year later an Englishman, Thomas Weir, came back from the Gambia with a similar lungfish, though this one was enclosed in sun-baked clay. (Scientists later discovered that it was common practice for lungfish to go into summer dormancy in the hot, dry season, and then wake up again when the rains came to melt their muddy nests.)
The debate over which of the twolungfish or coelacanth, the one with the lungs or the leg-like flipperswas most closely related to our ancestor would rage for a century and a half. The evidence seemed to point first to one, then to the other. But without more fundamental information, especially the microbiological data locked inside genomes, it was never going to be conclusive. The lungfish was not going to provide the answers: it has a genome thought to be around 40 times the size of the human genome, and the modern lungfish was a different beast from its fossil ancestor. It was up to the coelacanth to unlock these evolutionary secrets, and, with the specimen that was caught in Hahaya, the bets were once more on the table.
By sheer chance, Said Ahamada was due to fly to South Africa the month after the Hahaya fish’s appearance, to attend the inaugural conferencein East London, on the southern coastof the coelacanth project that Rosemary Dorrington had initiated. Dorrington and her colleague Greg Blatch had had the idea of trying to sequence the coelacanth genome. The genome is the library of hereditary material that contains both the active genes that determine how a creature looks, works and develops, and the non-coding sequences that include once-active strings of DNA. There, the scientists hoped to find clues to the coelacanth’s past, present and future, what it evolved from and into. It was a mammoth task, particularly for a small lab with basic equipment, but the pay-off would be immense. Written in those long strands of DNA, similar in size to the human genome, there could be the answer to one of the fundamental questions of evolutionary science: how did we evolve from fish?
A year earlier, in 2002, Dorrington and Robin Stobbs, a former technician at Rhodes and a long-time coelacanth fanatic, had flown to the Comoros to try to get some fresh coelacanth tissue to sequence. "I thought it would be easy, but then I realised that no coelacanth had been caught there for five years," Dorrington says. "To a great extent, the fishermen had been persuaded to change their fishing techniques by the Association pour la Preservation du Gombessa, in an attempt to protect the endangered fishand the chances of catching one by accident were close to zero. It’s really incredible: the monetary value to them of catching a coelacanth used to be close to ten years' income, but they had decided they were not going to do something that would jeopardise the coelacanth. They are really amazing people."
When Dorrington booked her flight back from sabbatical in America to prepare her talk for the ACEP conference, she still didn’t know about the Hahaya fish and was worried that she wouldn’t be able to raise the $100m she estimated the project needed. But Ahamada’s news was a potential game-changer. As soon as he arrived from the Comoros, cradling his precious icebox, Dorrington whisked him off to her lab. She needed to see if the tissues had been harvested and frozen in time to be of use as samples.
With Ahamada at her side, she ran a quick DNA prep to see if there was enough there to work on. "I was nervous about it. But the genomic DNA from the Hahaya animal was of sufficient quality to work with. It was exciting stuff."
On October 29th 2003, following a gala reception in the Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer Hall in East London featuring an African dance performance by the Ngqoko Women’s Group, and reports from marine biologists from along the African coast, Rosemary Dorrington stood up to give a speech. She explained what she had done on her trip to the Comoros, and showed pictures of herself and Stobbs with Said Ahamada and his team outside the museum in Moroni. Then she introduced Ahamada, saying that a fish had been caught in the Comoros and that he had brought samples back with him to Rhodes. With a final flourish she projected a slide showing the cells taken from the Hahaya coelacanth. The raw material was there. The genome project could go ahead.
Watching from a seat of honour in the auditorium named after her was a spry 96-year-old woman with lively black eyes. It was with her that the modern episode in the life of the coelacanth began.
Seventy-five years ago, on December 22nd 1938, Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer was racing to finish a display at the East London Museum, where she was curator, when she received a call from the manager of a fishing fleet. He told her that the trawler Nerine had just docked and that the captain had some specimens that he thought might be of interest. She caught a taxi to the wharf and climbed aboard the boat. There was a pile of fish on the fo'c'sle. "I picked away the layers of slime to reveal the most beautiful fish I had ever seen," she told me when I first met her, 60 years later. "It was five feet long, a pale, mauvey blue with faint flecks of whitish spots and an iridescent silver-blue-green sheen all over. It was covered in hard scales, and it had four limb-like fins and a strange little puppy-dog tail. It was such a beautiful fishmore like a big china ornamentbut I didn’t know what it was." The deckhand told her that it had been trawled at a depth of 40 fathoms off the mouth of the Chalumna River in the Eastern Cape, and that it had snapped at the captain’s fingers as he looked at it in the trawl net.
She managed to persuade the taxi driver to put it in his boot and took it back to the museum. Although she didn’t recognise it, a faint bell was ringing in the back of her mind from a school biology lesson about ganoid fish, an ancient group characterised by their scaly armour. "But I thought it couldn’t be a fossil fish because it was still alive." She knew she had to find a way to preserve it. She took measurements and drew a rough sketch while her helper, Enoch, went off to borrow a handcart, and together they set off into town.
They went first to the mortuary and then to East London’s cold storagethe only two refrigeration facilities large enough to accommodate the fishbut, three days before Christmas, there was no room at either inn. In despair, Courtenay-Latimer turned to the local taxidermist, who suggested she preserved the fish in a sheet soaked in formalin until she could find someone to identify it. She borrowed a sheet from her mother and wrapped it up. Then she tried to phone Dr J.L.B. Smith, a chemistry lecturer at Rhodes and honorary curator of fishes for the museums along the south coast. But he was away and when he hadn’t got back to her by the next day, she wrote to him, enclosing her sketch.
For the next few days, she waited for a response. By December 27th, oil was seeping from the fish and the taxidermist was worried that it would begin to decay. So Courtenay-Latimer told him to skin it – but carefully, so as to preserve the scales. They found pure white flesh below, no ribs and, instead of a spine, a flexible, oil-filled tube.
It was 13 long days before she heard from Smith. He was on holiday along the coast in Knysna, where he eventually received her letter and saw the sketch. “I stared and stared, at first in puzzlement,” he wrote in “Old Fourlegs: the Story of the Coelacanth” (1956). “I did not know any fish of our own, or indeed of any seas like that; it looked more like a lizard. And then a bomb seemed to burst in my brain, and beyond that sketch…I was looking at a series of fishy creatures that flashed up as on a screen, fishes no longer here, fishes that had lived in dim past ages gone, and of which only fragmentary remains in rocks are known…What I suspected was so utterly preposterous that my common sense kept up a steady fire of scorn for my idiocy in even thinking of it.”
He sent Courtenay-Latimer a wire urging her to save the fish's innards. "From your drawing and description," he wrote, "the fish resembles forms which have been extinct for many a long year."
On February 16th 1939, Smith finally made it to East London to view the stuffed fish, which lay on the table in Courtenay-Latimer’s small office. A short man, bristling with intellect and not noted for his patience, particularly with the more dilatory students, he circled the coelacanth several times. He peered at it, stroked it, then turned to Courtenay-Latimer and said: "Lass, this discovery will be on the lips of every scientist in the world."
When Smith’s paper on the coelacanth was published in Nature, with the first line “Ex Africa semper aliquid novi” (“there is always something new out of Africa”), it was greeted with great fanfare. Newspapers and magazines around the world were full of the find, which was memorably acclaimed in the Eastern Province Herald as the "Best Fish Story in 50,000,000 years", and in the Illustrated London News as "One of the Most Amazing Events in the Realm of Natural History in the Twentieth Century". Smith named the fish Latimeria chalumnae, in honour of Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer and the area in which it was found.
Smith was frustrated by the loss of the coelacanth’s inner parts which, he believed, would have revealed much about its morphology and provenanceand, more importantly still, provide clues as to how evolution worked. He devoted the next 14 years to the search for another coelacanth. With his wife, Margaret, he scoured the coasts of southern Africa, looking for another specimen, leaving posters with a description and photograph of Latimeria and the offer of a £100 reward.
It was on Christmas Eve 1952 that Smith received the news he had been waiting for. Eric Hunt, the captain of a trading schooner, wired him to say that a fish had been caught off the Comoros, then still a French colonyand that he had better get there smartish to claim it.
Smith reached for a telephone. He tried to contact South Africa’s ministers of defence and transport and the head of the armed services, to no avail. In the vacuum of Christmas, he realised there was only one option: the prime minister, Dr D.F. Malan, the architect of apartheid, an anti-British, deeply religious creationist. With the help of the local MP, Smith telephoned Malan at his cottage along the coast. Mrs Malan picked up the phone and said the pm was in bed and she wasn’t prepared to disturb him. "10.30pm of the 26th December in the year of our Lord 1952," Smith wrote. "It was probably the lowest ebb of my life. The sands of time were running out, fate was screwing me down to the dregs…What on earth was I to do, for now there seemed no more hope?"
Then the phone rang. It was Malan. Smith, in stumbling Afrikaans, summed up the situation and ended with a plea for a plane, so he could fly to the Comoros and bring the coelacanth back to South Africa. "Your story is remarkable," Malan said when he was finished. "First thing in the morning, I shall try to get through to my minister of defence to ask him to locate a suitable aeroplane to take you where you need to go."
Smith sent a telegram to Hunt, the captain of the trawler: HOLD ON STOP GOVERNMENT SENDING PLANE. The following morning he was sitting in the unlined hull of a military Dakota heading towards the Comoros. But he was nervous: the captain had told him that he had not been able to reach anyone on the islands to warn them of their arrival. He hadn’t even been able to establish whether there was a landing strip in the Comoros.
They spent the night in Lourenço Marques (now Maputo) before flying low over the Mozambique Channel towards the Comoros. Smith soon caught sight of a string of thickly vegetated, mountainous islands, fringed by aquamarine water and, beyond, the indigo of the deep. The plane started to descend towards a slender airstrip. Looking out of the window, Smith saw a small boat tethered near a makeshift town. He realised it had to be Hunt’s boat, with the coelacanth aboard.
The plane landed in a tropical downpour. As the door opened, Smith saw Hunt’s face peering in. After he had been taken to meet the governor, Pierre Coudert, crisp in a white tropical uniform, Smith begged to be shown Hunt’s boat. There, lying in a kapok-lined coffin by the mast, was his fish. "God, yes! It was true! I saw first the unmistakable tubercles on the large scales, then the bones of the head, the spiny fins! It was a coelacanth all right. I knelt down on the deck so as to get a closer view, and as I caressed that fish I found tears splashing on my hands and realised that I was weeping, and was quite without shame. Fourteen of the best years of my life had gone in this search and it was true…It had come at last."
Back in South Africa the next day, Smith took the coelacanth, still in its coffin, to show to the prime minister.
"My, it is ugly," D.F. Malan said. "Do you mean to say we once looked like that?"
The coelacanth's allure did not fade with the discovery of the second fish and what was thoughtat the time, anywayto be its ancestral home. Scientists and museums around the world clamoured for a specimen of their own, while the public queued around the block when Smith’s fish was put on display in Grahamstown. A friend of the Smiths', Bee Rennie, recalled the excitement: "People were converging from all directions…From judges to candlestick-makers and heaven knows who. We saw the judge president sort of pushing his way in, next to Helen Campbell the very short hairdresser."
The French, aggrieved at having what they thought of as their poisson stolen from under their noses, decreed that, until further notice, only French scientists would be able to study any further coelacanths. For the next few decades, a handful of specimens were caught each year and taken to the laboratory of Dr Jacques Millot in Tananarive (now Antananarivo), Madagascar. Once he felt he had enough coelacanths, they started giving or selling further specimens to museums and research institutions. A coelacanth is on permanent display in the main hall of the Natural History Museum in London, and its counterparts are in most of the world’s major museums. Over 25 years of study, Millot published a highly detailed book in three volumes,"L'Anatomie de Latimeria".
The coelacanth exerted a hold on adventurers and romantics, who were attracted by its raritymere hundreds were thought to existand inaccessibility. In the 1980s, an East German scientist, Hans Fricke, hand-built two submersibles in which he succeeded in diving to depths of 300-400 metres. Here, after much searching and to his great excitement, he foundand filmedcoelacanths, hiding in rocky caves off the south-western coast of Grand Comore. "I always say it is a creature that doesn’t belong in our marine world,” Fricke declared. “It is a very special fish."
In 1997, a young American marine biologist called Mark Erdmann was on holiday on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi when he saw a coelacanth in the fish market. He took photographs and returned the next year to set up a base in the hope of finding another one.
Like Smith, he visited the local fishermen and put up reward posters. After months of waiting, on July 29th 1998, an Indonesian fisherman from the island of Manado Tua, Om Lameh Sonathon, caught the fish he knew as Rajah Laut, "King of the Sea". He towed it to the next-door island of Bunaken, where Erdmann was living with his wife, Arnaz. For half an hour, Arnaz swam with the coelacanth while Erdmann took pictures. But it was already dying, moving listlessly in the water. Erdmann grabbed his dissecting kit and hauled the coelacanth into a cooler chest to take it back to the main island. A few minutes later, it died.
"I was filled with excitement and adrenaline," Erdmann told me soon afterwards. "But at the same time it was heart-breaking to see it slowly dying, especially having swum with it. At risk of slipping into anthropomorphisms, I had the impression of great gentleness and intelligence. I can honestly say that if it had looked more alive when we had been photographing it, I would have had the impulse to let it go."
Erdmann’s paper on the Indonesian coelacanth was published in Nature, as Smith’s had been. It was greeted with similar excitement, both by the media and by scientists, most of whom were relieved that there was a larger world population of coelacanths than had previously been believed.
But the South Africans were not to be outdone. The first fish had been found in their waters and logic dictated there should be others. Deep-sea divers, using a technically complex method involving a mixture of three gases, tried descending to ever greater depths in the hope of finding a coelacanth. In June 1998, a South African diver died in the attempt. Two years later, three tri-mix divers came face-to-face with a large fish that they thought was a coelacanth, at a depth of 104 metres, off Sodwana Bay, just south of the Mozambique border.
They immediately started planning a return dive and on November 27th 2000 they found three coelacanths ranging from about 1 to 1.8 metres long. After 15 minutes on the bottom, they began their slow ascent. But at around 70 metres, two of the divers, Dennis Harding and Christo Serfontein, had a problem with their equipment. They made a dash for the surface. Harding lost consciousness and, despite his team’s best efforts to revive him, died. Serfontein regained consciousness in time to be taken back down to a depth where he could safely decompress. After 134 minutes in the water, he was taken to nearby Richards Bay, where he spent six hours in a decompression chamber. His companions, however, returned to dive again.
All these coelacanth specimens would reveal more and more about the workings of what was dubbedlike the giant sequoia tree and the horseshoe craba living fossil, an extant relic of ancient times. But where precisely it fitted into the evolutionary treewhether it was indeed the direct descendant of our fishy ancestorremained unresolved. The answer, it seemed, would only come with a more detailed examination of the coelacanth, at the cellular level. And that was what Rosemary Dorrington and Greg Blatch would set out to do.
After the 2003 ACEP conference in East London, however, Dorrington and Blatch realised that it was time to pass on the baton: their equipment was not up to the monumental task of sequencing the coelacanth genome. They arranged to meet up with Chris Amemiya, a professor of microbiology at the University of Washington in Seattle and another long-term coelacanth fan. He was excited by the idea of unlocking the secrets hidden in the coelacanth’s cells and organised for the samples to be flown to America.
"As a little kid, I had read ‘Old Fourlegs’ and was fascinated," Amemiya says. He knew that sequencing the entire genome was going to be a long haul. Fish genomes had been sequenced before; the puffer fish was the first in 2002. But the coelacanth was of a different order of difficultyand importance. In 2003, there were only a handful of places in the world that could do that type of work. One of them was the Broad Institute in Boston, which jumped at the chance to be involved. One of its research scientists, Jessica Alföldi from the Vertebrate Genome Biology Group, was given responsibility for running its end of the project. Together, Amemiya and Alföldi wrote white papers to raise the grants and, bit by bit, the funding and aims of the project started to come together.
By the time the tissues from the Hahaya coelacanth started being run through the Broad Institute’s bank of state-of-the-art DNA sequencing machines, a team of 91 scientists from 40 institutes in 12 countries on all six inhabited continents was in place, waiting for the data to emerge. "The coelacanth genome consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs," Alföldi explained to me. "Each chromosome contains 50m to 250m base pairs. The machines we use can only sequence 100 base pairs at a time."
It was an intricate process of cutting and stitching, involving geneticists and computer scientists, all working at the technology’s frontline. Eventually they had a draft genome assembly with which to work. At that point, the biology began. The data had to be analysed, the interesting genes identified and isolated and then compared to similar genes in fish, mammals, humansand lungfish.
The prize was the seat on the evolutionary tree at the fork where the fish branch met the tetrapodsthe first four-limbed vertebrates and their descendants, including humans. "The coelacanth is evolutionarily a fantastic organism," Amemiya says. “Before our study, people had been using more conventional methods to determine the coelacanth’s phylogeny. The lungfish seemed to show higher affinities to tetrapods – but those data sets are less clear-cut in determining relationships and not everyone subscribed to that point of view. That is why we had to use the molecules to get that data.
“We knew before the sequencing started that it was going to be bigthat we would find all sorts of stories in the genome.”
The team homed in on 251 genesa far greater number than had been looked at beforefrom a wide range of different creatures, then compared one with another to determine where exactly the modern coelacanth sat on the tree of life. So it was that in April 2013, 174 years after Agassiz described the first coelacanth fossil, 75 years after Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer saw her beautiful fish, 74 years after Smith’s first paper was published in Nature and almost ten years after the old fisherman caught his gombessa in the waters off Hahaya, the coelacanth was once again the cover star of Nature. In their report, the result of close to a decade of work, Amemiya’s team concluded that "the genetic analysis strongly supports the conclusion that tetrapods are more closely related to lungfish than to the coelacanth".
J.L.B. Smith’s Old Fourlegs, it seems, is not our several-million-times great-grandmother after all, but rather our greatmany greatsaunt. "But the coelacanth is more closely related to us than it is to a salmon or a shark," Alföldi told me. And because of the unmanageability of the lungfish’s genome, the coelacanth’s genes provide the best chance to understand how life emerged from the waters to colonise the land.
The answers are appearing already. By comparing the coelacanth to land-living creatures, Amemiya and his team are starting to learn how genes changed, which were lost and which adapted, how we came to be able to breathe, smell, excrete, and walk on land. The coelacanth, for example has the same structure in its fins as we do in our arms: a stylopod (upper arm) and two zeugopods (corresponding to our radius and ulna). And unlike other fish, which have no fingers, it has the sequences in its genes to make autopods (fingers). Because it is impossible to study a living coelacanth, the scientists are now taking those autopod sequences and inserting them into the relevant place in mice embryos. Their experiments show that a mouse with those genes is able to make the proteins to grow fingersa vital stage in the evolution of land animals.
And it’s just the beginning. In September Amemiya was putting the finishing touches to a further 11 papers, to be published at the end of this year, which will reveal more about our ancient forebear and what it was about it that made us who we are. The coelacanth genome has been publishedsomething the team were determined to do from the beginningand is now available for any scientist to use. The fish caught that night in Hahaya has already started to answer some of the biggest questions in evolutionary science, and should continue to bear scientific fruit for decades to come.
In the Comoros, few fishermen use the old techniques any more. "It is only the old men who have the patience during the night, when the coelacanths come up to feed," Said Ahamada says. In the deeper waters of southern Africa and Indonesia, our ancient ancestors are being left in peace again, to swim and to breed as they have done, virtually unchanged, for nearly 400m years.
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Monday, August 6, 2012
Saving Yourself
I realize that I tend to write about our seemingly miraculous (to me) progressions on this blog. While this is a wonderful way for me to document Daniel's progress, it is not very helpful for those people who want true to life information about autism. It isn't all wonderful leaps forward. Those of you who know us well, know that. I do tend to focus on the positive. It is what I need to do. It helps me stay positive. It helps me have a brighter outlook. It isn't all about me, however, and I would be remiss if I didn't occasionally give an example of painful (to me) stories. A dear friend of mine who has similar struggles to mine posted on my facebook something like, "you have had an incredible summer of wonderful firsts for Daniel!" This is not what she said at all, but it is the spirit of the comment. While that is certainly true, I continue to have a black cloud in my memory of this summer and I am hoping if I write about it, that black cloud will move on and out of here.
One of Daniel's favorite things to do is to go watch fireworks. This seems strange since they consist of loud booming sounds and he does not like loud surprising sounds...the only way I can rationalize this is that the visual stimulation waaaayyyy out weighs the loudness. He cheers and claps and yells out comments to the fireworks. You can't help but be happy about that! My favorite is when he shouts "BRAVO! MAGNIFIQUE!" It's funny. I endure fireworks for him. I actually hate them. For about the first 30 seconds I think "that's pretty", but then I'm done. I don't know why but them make me super uncomfortable. They have for as long as I remember. I get twitchy and want to bolt. Especially the stadium fireworks that are SO loud and so close. We recently watched those on our northern trip and I am the one covering my ears and cringing. I am fearful someone will get killed from them. I know. Super uplifting right? I can't help it. Every ounce of my being is saying leave! Run! Get out of here!
So this brings me to 4th of July week in Michigan. Our state government made the call to legalize all fireworks. You know, the kind that people shoot into the air and explode. The shooting off kind had been illegal here until now. In the government's infinite wisdom they thought they would capitalize on the sales and it would bring money to our state. Some people (very few) used to drive to Indiana to purchase these fireworks. But now they are available to all! Lucky us! (sarcasm font). All this really did was open them to everyone in the world and they were exploding all night all summer long.
Daniel always looks forward to the fireworks booths appearing in the parking lots of local super stores. We usually buy a package, but until this year those included only the legal fireworks that you light and they stay on the ground and throw out pretty sparks. Sometimes they made loud whistling noises. For the most part these are pretty safe and I would still make my kids stay back a ridiculously safe distance. Sometimes behind windows. I know, my husband thinks I'm nuts too. I am not a super crazy safety person, but as I've said, they freak me out.
This year the package we bought (when I say we I mean my husband Todd and Daniel) included the new legal shoot them into the sky and they blow up kind. This did not make me happy. We took them north with us (because in Michigan everyone goes "up north" all summer. That is what is said, you don't say where, just "up north". If you have ever been to northern Michigan in the summer you know why, if not you have to go there and see for yourself.) Michigan's summer has also been drought ridden. Seriously no rain. Leaving everything dry and ready for a fire. Fire also freaks me out. Blogging is so self reflective, I am realizing I have a LOT of issues! :) Anyway, knowing how crazy I am about all of these things we decided to bring our fireworks down to the beach. Away from people, away from dry grasses and trees. We decided we'd shoot them off by the water, actually out TOWARD the lake (Lake Michigan, so no small lake) and then the fiery part would fall down to the water and nothing would catch on fire. We brought a bucket to fill with water to put our extinguished fireworks into so nothing is hot. We did everything right. A group of us set off for the beach, including neighbors.
Daniel and I sat on a blanket, the kids were skipping rocks in the water waiting and watching the gorgeous sunset over Lake Michigan (you really should visit if you haven't). It was lovely. Once the sun went down Todd starting setting them off, shooting over the lake. My insides started to cringe and feel uncomfortable. I always just brace for it to be over, with a smile on my face. Daniel was happy and enjoying the show. Todd was saving the bigger ones for the end like usual, you have to have a finale right? Then it all started to go very wrong. Todd put the big box in the sand, aimed over the lake. It had not just one that shot up and out but many in succession, eight in a row? more? I'm not sure. He lit it and it shot out and up, but the force of the first shot made the base of the firework flip over in the sand, not toward the lake but inland. Toward us. It shot like a missle across the sand, low to the ground. Everyone else was way off in a different direction, but I laid down on the blanket, thinking "stay low" like it was gun fire (which it sort of felt like), I told Daniel to lay down thinking it would keep shooting above us, but he didn't lay down. He didn't understand what was happening and it was all happening very very fast. For someone who processes slowly, this is not good. He was still watching the show like nothing was wrong. I didn't move because I wasn't sure where to move to. Things were shooting off in all crazy directions. Then one shot right at me. I literally rolled out of the way and the firework skipped off our blanket landing right behind it. I was relieved for a split second until I realized it would start shooting fireworks in a second (everyone else thought it hit me it was so close) I started crawling away as fast as I could and yelled for Daniel to come. I kept crawling and didn't realize he was still sitting there. My neighbor and friend started screaming for Daniel to move. I don't even remember much of this, but he must have moved finally but he was yelling "why"? I think she ran and grabbed him? And in the midst of exploding fireworks all around us I realized that he had NO understanding of having to save himself. Part of me knew that he doesn't understand danger like we do, but seeing him sitting there with fireworks shooting around us and going off right by him and he just. doesn't. move. and wants to enjoy the show was so painful. While this was all going on in slow motion another one shot off and was a bit higher. High enough that it went up the beach to the beach grass. Oh yes, on top of it all, it hit the beach grass which immediately started on fire. Todd then took a chance and ran up and kicked the still going off fireworks into the water and thankfully he wasn't hurt. Our neighbor ran up to the grass and started throwing sand on it. Todd grabbed the bucket of water and ran up the beach and doused the fire with water on top of the sand. Then it was over.
We all took a breath and gathered our stuff and walked home from the beach. Talking about how lucky we were that no one was hurt. Thankful. I was a big ball of nerves and all I could think about was that Daniel didn't try to help himself. In fact, as he always does, he refused to move. Even with fiery projectiles coming at him. He wouldn't move. If he had been sitting where I had been he wouldn't have moved and it would have hit him. My blanket has a burn mark in it where I had been sitting well actually laying at that moment. The fact that he was 4 inches to my right made it not hit DANIEL then start blowing up. I was shaking so badly and this realization, while part of me knew it, but seeing it, changed many situations for me. We are working on his independence and pushing him into the world, but he doesn't have any concept that dangerous things are out there nor does he understand to move when it happens. That. is. scary. That changes everything.
On the way home Daniel was talking about how we would finish the rest tomorrow. In my head I was screaming NO WE WON'T! WE WILL NEVER DO THAT AGAIN. I was partially upset with myself, because I knew we shouldn't do it. I didn't want to and I knew my husband would tell me I was being silly. I didn't want to have anything to do with it and I didn't listen to my gut. But really I knew I wouldn't have won and I should at least be there just in case.
Once the neighbors quietly went home, and we walked into our house, Zachary sat down (who had been safely out of the way the whole time thank goodness) Daniel went upstairs to get ready for bed and I looked at Zachary and said, "I just want you to know we are never, ever doing that again." He just nodded. Todd was trying to downplay it still, and I know this is just so I won't go into a tailspin, but it was too late. I was long gone into one. It just wasn't showing on the outside yet. I was keeping it together in front of all of these people. Once we went upstairs I cried. And then I cried some more. I cried because of the close call we all had physically. I also cried with the reality of Daniel not saving himself. I cried because even after the fact he had no idea that anything bad had happened.
I told Todd I didn't blame him. We really did everything right. We had precautions in place. It was a freak accident. It happens. I guess to our State government I would like say this was a really bone headed thing to legalize these fireworks. No amount of revenue is worth the injuries that have happened and will happen in the future. I don't even think the state will get that much more revenue, but it doesn't matter. Accidents happen. You can do everything right and they still happen. I also know you can't live in fear, but you also can just not be stupid.
So among all of Daniel's huge steps forward this summer, getting a vaccination, doing a flip turn in the pool for the first time, talking about "that tire guy" without freaking out. Amongst over coming THOSE huge FEARS, he has no fear of fiery projectile explosives coming toward him and he doesn't understand it. And this is something that is really really hard to deal with, but a reality that I need to take into consideration from this day forward. It is my dark cloud over this summer. It still makes me cry when I think about it. Although I am so very thankful that no one was hurt.
I have of course talked to Daniel about the danger. I know he doesn't really understand it. When we were headed north a few weeks later he said to Todd, "we didn't finish our fireworks, can we do the rest?" Todd told him no we couldn't and Daniel said, "because it's dangerous?" and Todd said yes and that the rest are gone, he soaked them in water and threw them away. So that is the end. Daniel is saying they are dangerous, but we know, he doesn't really understand that. As a parent that reality is very hard to live with.
Friday, July 13, 2012
It was Easy!
It's been a big week here! Just the other day I wrote about Daniel's progress with his biggest fear. Then yesterday came along and I thought, which one is Daniel's biggest fear? I can't say for him, but let's say if he was in the book Divergent these two things would be in his fear simulation! (I love that book!)
Yesterday we went to the pediatrician. Daniel has fallen into a pretty decent routine there, mostly because they have been very accommodating and let him opt out of the dreaded finger poke and frankly, all of his shots for the past 12, yes 12 years. When we were in the office yesterday and the nurse looked back to his last vaccinations and I heard his last one was in the year 2000, I just thought, of course it was! I hadn't thought much about it, but there it was in front of me 2000.
So many things happened in the year 2000. Besides the obviously new century and all, my wonderful son Zach was born in January. That was a fantastic way to start a new year and century. Later that year, we moved back to East Lansing. No small thing with a newborn and a 3 year old who was very perplexing and spent a lot of his time screaming and crying, much to my confusion. I was excited to move back to East Lansing and get back to our original pediatrician, the one we had after Daniel was born. I wasn't getting any answers from our Dr's in the Detroit area and I was frustrated. I had a new baby and I was finally ready to "hear" the answers. So yes, when we got back here, our pediatrician was the first (and it's unusual for this to happen) to say "he's autistic". With all of the changes that were happening, during this first visit Daniel screamed the ENTIRE time he was in the office. It was a huge change that at the time, I had no understanding how upsetting that would be for him. I didn't understand (yet) how big of a problem that change would be for him. I hadn't put together until yesterday that he had never gotten a shot in THIS office. That first trip to the pediatrician screaming set a long standing precedent. Which brings me back to the fact that he has not gotten a vaccination in 12 years. That is NOT because of the vaccination groups who say it is what causes autism. I take the same stand as A Diary of a Mom, when I say, while I have nothing but respect for those who think this caused their child's autism. They have every right to their own feelings. Nor can I have any say in THEIR journey. We have all traveled down different paths. Every single child with autism is different. I know of a few people that I have heard their stories personally that it does seem like a vaccination contributed. In my opinion, there are many different factors that contribute to autism.
There, I got THAT out of the way. BUT I will say that if I had a baby today....I would choose to vaccinate, but carefully. And by that I mean, one vaccination at a time. I would not allow three or four at a time. Ever. I have learned along parenting journey that we as parents have the last say about everything and one of the people who taught me that is our pediatrician. I adore him. We have had very intelligent conversations about vaccines. He has not been comfortable with Daniel being so far behind, and really, neither have my husband and I. But I remember one talk with my pediatrician and I said, "I am not against it, we just can't do it now. If we hold him down and inject him, he will never come in your office again. He may destroy it in a fit, and if he has an ear infection he won't trust us. Ever. Again". And he understood that. We both agreed him having access to medical care was more important at the time than a vaccine. He respected my opinion and for that I will always be grateful. Not all kids with autism are the same (I'll say it again) this is just DANIEL. So I waited. I waited until I felt he was ready. I waited for him to understand. And over the last year I have seen things change. We got a puppy and I told Daniel the PUPPY got vaccinations. Daniel was shocked. He said "Oscar did?". I took every opportunity to have a calm discussion. Usually it would end with Daniel saying "I will NOT get a shot". But I could see his wheels turning.
People will tell you they HAVE to have these shots for school. It is not true. You can get around it. I have. For years, and it's not that difficult.
This all prefaces that yesterday my boys had pediatrician well visits. I purposely scheduled them together. At the same time. This was a bit overwhelming. I am becoming less successful at juggling many things at once, so trying to talk to the nurse, fill out paperwork, help Daniel answer questions, and keep him calm and trying to give equal attention to Zachary was challenging for me. I do feel a bit guilty that I was exposing Zachary to yet another challenging situation and using him as a guinea pig. But I have to say, I couldn't have done it without him. I hope he understands. I hope he doesn't hold it against me.
I walked into the appointment and told the nurse we were going to try to give Daniel one vaccination today. I won't go into detail but there was some back and forth with the nurse. She doesn't know him. I do. I have mastered the art of conveying this in a polite yet firm way. I know how to work Daniel. I told Daniel before we left our house he was getting a vaccine. This spiked his distress. But I have to be up front with him. He has to trust me about all else. He began protesting. Yelling. I will probably get judged for this, but I gave him a Valium. I had one left. Our Dr. gave me two back when Daniel needed a tooth pulled. I used one then and kept the other for a special occasion. That being yesterday. I could tell as we were walking in to the office it kicked in. He got giggly and started singing. Zachary smiled at me. But before you judge, the Valium relieved DANIEL's stress level. It helped make him not so terrified. Not completely, but it took the edge off a little bit. He was still mad at me and protesting. But it was manageable. When it came down to it and to make a very long story (shorter) Zachary got a vaccination first. I pulled Daniel over to watch it. The nurse said to Zach "think of a happy place". and in an animated voice, totally for Daniel's benefit Zachary said, "I'm going to think of the beach, it is my happy place, I love the water it is so relaxing" (GOD I LOVE THAT KID!) and the nurse stuck him and Daniel said "that's it?". Zachary said, "that's it, it is SO EASY!!!!!"
The nurse left the room and Daniel sat down. She brought in another tray. We decided on the Meningococcal vaccine because 1. it's required. and 2. it doesn't hurt for days like tetanus does. and 3. the MMR still scares me as he is allergic to eggs. Daniel figured it out immediately and started escalating (keep in mind he is 6'1" and 219 pounds. A tantrum is HARD to deal with!) I walked up to him and trying to get him to hear me over the "nononononononononononono" yelling from him. He came down enough and I said, "what is your happy place?" he answered "the circus (?)" He continued to protest and I said we were doing it. I was sure he could. We started taking about the circus, I was holding his arms firmly but not pinned. The nurse was worried about him grabbing her and I don't blame her. Daniel upset can be SCARY due to his size. I told him she was wiping his skin and he was upset and boom. It was over.
He said. "That's all? That was so easy." And here he is.
All he said all day. "it was so easy!" I know my child. I knew he was ready. I also knew that once he did one, he would calm down and realize it wasn't what he thought it was. I knew that it had to be done in a not so traumatic circumstance so he could process it and not remember the trauma around it. So yet another door is opened. Nancy our nurse was fabulous. She offered that if we come into walk in immunization times to ask for her and she would help. She followed my lead and respected what I knew would work. Now Daniel is a little more protected then yesterday which makes me feel good. He also has learned a bit more. He learned that he could do it. He learned again, most importantly, that I was not misleading him. That what I said was absolutely true. That his brother is there for him, always. That we can guide him through a difficult time and he can trust us and rely on us. That even though it wasn't easy. It will (probably) be from now on. He learned that his could do it, and that opens up the door to so many other things. Next to that Belle Tire guy, he conquered his next most overwhelming fear.
Last night we went out for ice cream (which I promised him after he did it) and we clinked our ice cream together in celebration of a job well done.
Wednesday, July 11, 2012
An (In)Ordinary Summer Day
Happy July! The summer is flying by like it always does! I feel like we are in our routine. We are continuing with swimming club and started the second session. The days of summer are feeling like our ordinary day.
We'll be missing a week of swimming as we head back "up north" for a week, but I am compensating by Daniel swimming 4 days for the three weeks he is swimming instead of 3 days a week. He was VERY unhappy with me about this, but is doing it. I believe I heard him muttering something about "dumb" under his breath which I pretended to NOT hear. This has been happening more and more and it is very difficult for me not to smile as he is basically calling me dumb or stupid (which in his vocabulary is a VERY bad word to say, the worst he has in his repertoire). The reason it makes me happy is because it is NORMAL for a teenager to think their parents are stupid! Only the parent of a special needs child is thrilled to see their kids cheat at a game the first time or call us stupid. It's PROGRESS!!! Normally I'll act offended and tell him that is NOT OK and make him apologize all while thinking "hurray"!! I have to stick to the script!
Yesterday Daniel went to swimming, Zach is in Jr. Lifeguard and loving it. What else is better for a 100% rule follower than Jr Lifeguard? He gets to blow a whistle at people and tell them to follow the RULES! And people have to listen. Plus he gets to swim, and learn to save people. That all has little brother Zach written all OVER it. He is still wearing his whistle, 3 hours after class. Oh boy. He did tell me that he can work at the pool when he is 14, in two years. Not as a lifeguard, but doing other things. I think you have to be 16 to lifeguard and be certified etc. Of course he will be by then. He is formulating his plan. I love that kid.
In the afternoon we were lucky enough to get in for haircuts, which were desperately needed. Haircuts used to be so traumatic for all of us. Daniel would cry and scream and fight. I would do it at home and it would take hours. Sometimes Todd would hold him down and we'd buzz him. It was awful. But he also HATED his hair long, he didn't like when it would blow in the wind almost like it hurt his scalp. Damned if you do, damned if you don't. I don't remember how old he was when my friend and hairdresser Kari suggested she try. She was magical with him. It wasn't perfect in the beginning, but over time he trusted her, and she even got to where she uses the clippers to clean up the bottom and sides. Now I get to go in and watch him chat with her, script his haircutting script from Elmo's World and it is so easy. I never thought it would be easy. She was a savior. Shhhh, don't tell her, but I'd pay her A LOT more money than I do, just so I don't have to do it!
On the way out of haircuts I took a different route because we were meeting my husband for dinner. A few blocks from the salon I remembered this route took us past the new Belle Tire store. I have many links to the nightmare that this little logo has brought to us. We were driving along and Daniel said, "when we get to the store of the tire guy, I will duck my head and close my eyes and smile" (a reference to the Veggie Tales song "God is Bigger than the Boogie man") I froze. He has never referred to this without being in a panic or covering his ears. He just said it like he was talking about ice cream. From the backseat Zach said "WHAT did you just say?" hardly believing it himself. Then Daniel covered his ears. I then launched into my speech (delivered in the most light hearted voice I could) "you don't have to be afraid, it's a LOGO Daniel. A LOGO. It cannot hurt you." My same speech I've been giving for years and years. But he is reacting less and less to it. It is obviously working. He said "the tire guy" without reacting. He is avoiding him on his own. I'm not changing my route to avoid passing the store. It's working. Slowly, yes. What isn't slow with us? But it's working. We take and celebrate ALL progress. This is opening his world a tiny bit more.
Then we went to Bed Bath and Beyond. Daniel has a laundry hamper from when he was about 6. It is in the shape of a rocket because his room was, and still is, space themed. He went through a space phase. Had I known then that I would NEVER be allowed to change his room, I might have done a few things differently. Live and learn, right? Well this laundry hamper is one huge mess. There are wires sticking out all over and it is just destroyed. I finally said, "that's it, we need a new one." He asked "is it tattered and worn?" (from Sesame Street, "I love Trash" song) and I said (according to script) "it is and we need a new one." He has learned to accept this. It used to be a HUGE fight. So we were looking for a laundry hamper and we were in the bed area on the way to the bath area. Daniel said excitedly, "LOOK A PURPLE PILLOW!". There was a bed with a purple pillow on it that you use to sit up in bed to read or whatever. I jokingly said, "Daniel is it time to change your room, we could use purple." I say jokingly, because I didn't think there was a chance in hell he'd let me change his entire room! And he said "YES, let's change my room and get rid of my rockets on the wall and paint over them!". I almost fell over onto the floor of Bed Bath and Beyond. He ASKED for a CHANGE in the most important place in our house to him. a. He ASKED (in his own way) and b. he is ready for a change and somewhat communicated it to me. So now, in the middle of summer, I am trying to design a new room for him that is masculine, and has purple and of course he wants it done now. Not a project I was planning on, in the middle of our busy summer, but one I'm thrilled to do. But I'm going to make thoughtful choices. After all, he might not ever let me change it again.
It's these little moments of progress in the middle of an ordinary day that make you feel that all of the hard work matters. It gives you a moment of celebration. It gives you something to hold onto when things aren't going well. It keeps us moving forward.
Thursday, June 21, 2012
Wow, Luther!!!!
Swimming. It has been a wonderful thing for Daniel. He has always LOVED the water. LOVED. THE. WATER. When he was 6 he started with a Kinesiolgy program at MSU, one on one with a KIN student. He wouldn't put his face in the water. But man did he love being in the water. He needed flotation devises. Jason, yes I remember his name from 9 years ago, because when someone is that awesome, you remember their name. He was Daniel's first coach and I was scared out of my freaking mind to hand Daniel over to him outside of that locker room. Daniel just was potty trained. The autism thing was two years fresh. Information wasn't available like it is now. You had to look, really hard. Life was different. Jason worked with him, came up with so many "tricks" to get his face in the water. He finally put it in, briefly, at the end of the semester. The overwhelming fear was alleviated and he could move on. Then coach after coach, semester after semester. We loved some, some we didn't. We touched their lives and they touched ours. The slow progression was always there, but it was always slow. If there is one thing you have to have with a child with autism it is patience. If you don't keep at something, it will never happen. You see our kids like their safe world. Who doesn't? Our job is to nudge them, lovingly, forward. Independence and socialization. That is what we strive for. If you have those two things you can find a place in the world. This goes for everyone. You can be the smartest person in the world but if you can't be a part of it, no one will know.
That is a big concept. But within that big concept it is made of up little things. Little things that all add up to one big thing. We have to celebrate the little things because they all matter. Every single one of them. Sometimes when you accomplish the little things, you know that the big things are possible and sometimes they get you closer to the big goals.
For Daniel, swimming became something that he could do. He couldn't (and didn't want to) play soccer, or baseball the way the other kids did. There is too much going on, too much confusion, too many rules, too much yelling. Oh and running, too much running :). With swimming you get in a pool and you swim. Back and forth. Repetitive. Back and forth. Over and over. This works. It is also great exercise. For Daniel, the water is calming. The exercise is centering. I can honestly say when he is swimming he is happy. I'm not guessing at that. As his high school coach last year said, "He is the only kid I have EVER seen, who smiles while he is swimming". He comes up for a breath and he is grinning. Sometimes giggling. It is contagious. You can't help but root for him. Swimming made him a part of a team for the first time in his life as a freshman in high school. It took him until much later before he could do these laps. It was that gentle nudging over time. Until suddenly one day he was doing it. He didn't know that is what we were aiming for. But I did. One of the few clear goals, besides independence and socialization was that he would some day be on his high school swim team. In some capacity. In Daniel's way. It might not look like everyone else, but he would do it. I didn't think it would be freshman year. But it was. And it was wonderful. I look forward to next year. He swam a lot. More than ever before. But he didn't always understand the "race" part. So we worked on that. have to actually TOUCH THE WALL to finish. It's like I could hear in his mind, 'why? I'm here aren't I?' He does it his way. And that is o.k.
It became clear very quickly that he did not know how to dive or how to do a flip turn. It's funny how when something amazing is happening I immediately realize what is next. Like, great, you are on the team, now let's dive. Let's do a flip turn. When Daniel doesn't want to do something, he does NOT want to do something. That fear radiates through him and comes out in yelling "I DON'T! I CAN'T. I WON'T" and YOU CAN'T MAKE me. He will fight, beg and plead. So we gently nudge. We make him try a few things then give him a break. We have been working on diving. He still puts his arms out and jumps in. He can't go in head first. I get it. I was scared of that too. The flip turn? Forget about it. His coaches begged him to try to no avail.
He is participating in Blue Fins swim club right now WITH his brother. This is huge people. They are both doing the same activity at the same time with the same people. While I sit back with my morning coffee and watch. This in and of itself is unheard of. Did I say huge? Does it look the same for both of them? No. Are they both doing it? Yes. And that is awesome. The exercise is great. It is a great way to start the day. One day they worked on flip turns. By the grace of God, we weren't there. But there are some much younger kids there and in one day, they were doing flip turns. One freakin' day. I come the next day and they are doing it. Did I say after one day? This has a very small effect on me. It is just one of many reminders of how much harder things are. But I do not dwell on that. I remember that when you do accomplish something it makes it that much sweeter. Do I wish it was easier? For sure. But nothing great usually comes easily does it? Looking up quotes I found my favorites:
"Success only comes before work in the dictionary" Vincent Lombardi
"The harder the battle the sweeter the victory" Bob Marley
"We must not allow other people's limited perceptions to define us" - Virginia Satir
I started to think about Daniel as a young boy. He is 15 now. I remember bringing him to the park and he got on a ladder to go down a slide. It was before he was diagnosed. And he just hung there. Feet on a rung, hands on one. Hanging on. He didn't know what to do. Other kids just scramble on up. Parents holding them back to not fall or go to not go too fast, and he stood there. Not sure what to do next. I took a foot and moved it up a rung. Then his hand and moved it up a rung and physically showed him how to climb. I knew this wasn't "normal". Why would I need to show him this? Isn't that natural? But taking him through the steps, breaking them down tiny step by tiny step, showed him what to do. So that is the approach we have always taken. Everything gets broken down into the tiniest steps you couldn't even imagine. That you never even thought of.
After the swim club I said "Daniel, did you see all of those little kids doing flip turns?" "Yes" he answered. "You can do it if they can." He didn't say anything, but I planted a seed. Then my husband and I were having dinner with Daniel. His brother was at baseball practice. We started talking about doing a somersault in the water. Not a flip turn. A somersault. I didn't want to say the trigger panic phrase 'flip turn'. Because a somersault is what he needs to do first right? If he can't do that, he can't do a flip turn. Then we moved onto doing a "Loop de loop". It is one of his old time favorite computer games "Freddi fish and the case of the missing kelp seeds" The story is this: One day, Freddi Fish visits her grandma Grouper and finds out that her treasure chest filled with kelp seeds is gone and her grandma is worry because without it, there will be no kelp in the underwater sea and that would mean no food for the various fishes that live under. Freddi promises to find the treasure and bring it back. Eventually, Freddi encounters her best friend, Luther, who was trying to do loop-de-loops but is not succeeding. He eventually bumps his head on a tree and a green bottle fell down from it, giving a clue to something, perhaps to the treasure chest.....Use what they love to motivate them. He thinks that computer game is hilarious. Luther tries and tries while Freddi cheers him on. Sound familiar?
So we took this story and applied it to swimming. It made him smile, ever so slightly and I knew we had him. I said, "I'll cheer you on Luther if you try the loop-de-loop." He said, "will you say 'WOW, very impressive Luther" and I promised I would yell it SO loud. The next day he started trying. His coach Brianna got in the water. He wasn't quite going over. I asked her if she'd get in and flip him over to give his body the feeling. She did. He was angry. He was fighting it, he was complaining. Whenever he is about to embark on something new he goes kicking and screaming. But he kept at it. I knew it was coming. He did it with assistance! I yelled "WOW LUTHER!" and he smiled.
The next day he was fighting it. Yelling, complaining. Then on his own he said to a coach, "hey Cody, want to see me do a somersault?" He said "sure". And he did it. All on his own. In two days. When he's ready, he's ready. And he was ready. And we all cheered him on. And it was fabulous. And he was so proud. And so was I. And I cheered for Luther, I mean Daniel. And he grinned from ear to ear. It was a good day. Two days? One year? Whatever. The harder the battle, the sweeter the victory.
Now to get him to swim toward a wall, full speed and flip over and push off of it just at the right moment. Us mom's are always looking forward aren't we?
Friday, May 18, 2012
Band Concert
I am having a hard time starting this blog today. It is only because I have so much going around in my head I don't know where to start. So I'm starting by saying I don't know where to start..hoping the keys will take me in the right direction. I guess I'll start with the word START. Here in Michigan START stands for the STatewise Autism Resources and Training. It is a huge grant through Grand Valley State University. I have been to many many START trainings. It isn't usually parents, but all of those people on your team out there working with your child. I like to know what they are learning and what they are supposed to be doing, so I go too. It is also very helpful for me to improve how I parent. It isn't meant for that, but I have gotten a LOT out of it.
Last fall I attended a LINKS training. Here is a bit of an explanation of what it is. And what it is, is actually a Godsend. Truly. It is simple in concept, but not in procedure. It is also the most win-win in education that I have ever seen. A truly win-win situation doesn't come up very often. The kids on the spectrum obviously get a ton out of it, but the amazing thing is so do the General Ed kids who are "linked" up with them. It is so simple in concept it is genius. Hearing Maureen Ziegler talk about it in training is mesmerizing. Truly. Her stories of how LINKS came to be are so interesting I could listen to them ALL day long. I hope you follow the link (ha ha) and read up a bit. '
In January Daniel's high school got this program in it's initial stages. Daniel has 5 LINKS with him every day. It didn't work out schedule wise for him to have one first hour, but he does 2nd through 6th. He has a different general ed student with him each hour. They sign up for a LINKS class, do on line work but in place of going to a class they go to DANIEL's class with him. This does NOT take the place of a para pro. Repeat, does NOT. They are there for socializing and modeling. See, kids listen to kids. Not adults. Adults can't act like kids. They can't teach kids how to be kids. They especially (we have found) can't model to a kid with ASD how to act like a teenager. This has been modeled all over our great state with astounding results. The Gen ed kids get as much or more out of it than the ASD kids. And the better part? When you start getting kids to be LINKS who are struggling themselves? THEY turn around. They know they have to come to school because this ASD kid is relying on THEM. They have a purpose. Their grades improve. It isn't just for NHS (National Honors Society) kids. It's a miracle.
So throughout this semester these LINKS have been with Daniel. I have heard reports of Daniel branching out and being much more social at school. He comes home excited about "making friends". When we went to the musical 3 of his LINKS were cast members. We went again. We bought the DVD. They saw him in the audience and RAN through the crowd to find him and thank him, truly from the bottom of their heart, for coming. They met with Todd and I at school and asked us questions. We answered honestly. We also told them his ability to ask questions has dramatically increased since they have been with him. It decreases outbursts and behaviors. If he gets angry he recovers quicker. It's amazing. Have I said that? So this leads me up to last night....
Daniel had a band concert. He is always excited about dressing up. He wears a tux. He thinks he looks pretty darn good....and he does. Daniel is doing well. I brought him back stage before the concert. I talked to a student teacher and asked if Daniel would be OK back there on his own and he said, sure no problem. I dropped him off and went and sat in the auditorium and waited like all of the other parents. I didn't wait backstage with him. He's fine, they said, and he was. Todd, Zachary and I were in the audience waiting for the concert to begin and Todd leaned over and said "are you nervous or worried at all?" I honestly answered, "no, I'm not". He said, "me either". "So this is what it feels like?" I thought. I have never experienced this feeling of true calm before a concert that Daniel was involved in. There is always a level of anxiety. How incredible!!! It's not just him making progress!!
Then, when one of his LINKS walked up to our seats and greeted us with her wonderful smile. She excused how she looked as she just rushed over from dance practice. She said one of the LINKS blogged about the concert (they all communicate through a private blog so they can discuss things that come up with their student and problem solve together and share information. They can all be on the same page all the time). We chatted then she sat down. Daniel's group was getting on stage. It was perfect timing. I sat back in my chair thinking she has no idea what she just did for me. She took time out of her nutty senior schedule to come to this concert. Sure she probably had lots of friends performing, but I was thinking about how happy Daniel would be to see her after. I settled in for the absolutely amazing concert. These kids are something else! We are so lucky to have such a strongly supported music program in these tough economic times.
After the concert Daniel was sitting with his group in the audience. He was on the aisle. As he was standing up, juggling his huge baritone and his music three, yes three of his LINKS (the same three who happened to be in the musical) ran down the aisle toward him. Their enthusiasm was bubbling over and they were complementing him, congratulating him and telling him how dapper he is in his tux. Generally making a big fuss about his awesomeness. They took pictures as a group with him. I stood off to the side holding his baritone with emotions I can't even explain to you. When we all finally dispersed Zach looked at me and just said "wow, that was amazing, what great kids". I could only nod my head as I was choking back tears.
On the ride home Daniel was chatting about how great he was (totally true) and I couldn't speak. I was so choked up. I knew if I talked I would cry and he would think I was sad and I wouldn't be able to explain that mom's cry when they are happy too. So I just drove home acting like this is like every other day. When it wasn't. It was something I'll never forget. When you spend your life pretty isolated, even though kids like Daniel, they are nice to him and include him, things like this don't happen. Until now.
Monday, May 14, 2012
Happy Mother's Day
Happy Mothers Day! Being a mom is one of the most special things in the world. When Daniel was born a month early there were many complications and we spent the first 3 to 4 of his life separated from him by glass. He was hooked up to so many machines and drips but when we would sit by him everything would regulate, his breathing, his heart rate, his oxygen levels. Despite the glass between us he could hear our voices and we could put our hands through to touch his little body but he was protected from us due to his very vulnerable system. The power of parenthood was shown immediately for us. The fact that your mere presence can have that effect on a baby is mind boggling. The first time I was able to hold him and we were alone, I made a promise to him. I whispered in his ear that I would always be there for him. That I would protect him no matter what. That I would stand up for him and fight for him, as he was fighting in those first precious days. I didn't know then what was in our future. I didn't know how much of my life would be spent fighting for him and being his voice and his advocate. But I think there is was a little part of me, now that I look back, that felt like the fight wasn't just in those first days at the hospital. I feel like part of me knew it was always going to be more difficult with Daniel. And it is. But it isn't. The rewards are grand. The love is exponential. I love both of my kids with all of my heart. It is just different because they are different. Zachary is the kindest soul and I love and appreciate everything about him. I can't believe some days how lucky I am that Zachary is my child. My heart fills with pride and love for him, as it does for Daniel, but it is different. Not more or less.
Yesterday we didn't go to any fancy brunches. That isn't really something we can do. It was quiet around here with just our family of four. My mother in law was with my husband's family enjoying their day. I always spend a portion of my day, missing my mom and remembering the last mothers day we spent together, just days before she died at the too young age of 45, the age I will be this September. I can't believe it has been 19 years since that day changed my life forever. Because of these things I feel like I really appreciate how precious motherhood is. It is the greatest gift in the world. Yesterday I was surprised with a card from Daniel that he made at school, with his Link (a general ed peer). It was a huge surpise for me because usually he doesn't keep a surprise. He'll tell you he has a gift or a surpise because he can't keep it in. He is bursting with excitement. But this time he quietly told Todd that he had a something for me and he kept it quiet until Mothers Day when he gave it to me. Here it is. I just had to share. It is just about the best present ever. The flowers on front are cut out and glued on.
This is the inside of the card. It is a picture of me, of course. In case you are wondering those are flowers on my shirt..... :) I wasn't sure at first... There is a tree, a star, a smiley face and a watering can for my flowers.
This page says, if you can't read it, "Dear mom, You are kind. I can give you three loving kisses on cheeks and nose (this is a quote from a book. Gotta love that echoalia) I can thank you for making toast and bacon for breakfast in the morning. And do you know what? I love you!!"
The pictures are three pieces of toast and three pieces of bacon. Precisely what he eats every morning. An icecream cone, because who doesn't love that?!. I think it is about the best card I've ever received. I hope you all had a mother's day filled with love too.
Wednesday, May 9, 2012
Changing Times
Today I am writing this post especially for all of the people out there with smaller children who have autism. It is unbelievable to me (and such a cliche) to say I don't know where the time has gone. Daniel is 15 and finishing his freshman year of high school. It seems like yesterday that he was in first grade and struggling to just stay in a classroom. He was like a little Tasmanian devil going through the hallways, half the time crying or screaming and unable to say what was so upsetting. He'd have to go to a room with his para just to calm down and be in a safe place for himself. If you took the wrong route to school he'd cry for an hour, frustrated that his day was "wrong". He was toilet trained but I'd hold my breath daily hoping there weren't any issues that happened with that at school. I was so frustrated trying to convince staff of the potential in Daniel, not to just see the screaming, frustrated little boy. Hoping to keep him in the classroom as much as possible so that he could learn from his peers.
Now he is wrapping up his first year of high school. My 5'10" tall self has to look up at my baby and he has to lean down for me to kiss him on the cheek. He is a happy happy boy. He loves to go to school and can't wait to see all of his "friends". He navigates the insane hallways of the high school, moving through the wall of teens on the way to his next class. He is finishing his Algebra 1/2 class with an A and looking to Algebra 3/4 next year. He is finishing his 5th year of band. People laughed in 4th grade when I said he wanted to be in band. He plays the baritone.
Changing routines is still not easy. It takes consistency and diligence. But once he adapts a new routine with the improvement in it, he has it forever, until you try to change it again. Last summer I worked most of the summer to get him to make his own lunch. He, of course, eats the same thing every day. Spreading the peanut butter on the bread was difficult for him, so when I say it took all summer of me holding him hand over hand (remember from OT?) showing him the angle of the butter knife, then him doing it on his own. Then doing the same while cutting it diagonally (of course) in half. Now he makes his lunch every day that he is home, on the weekends or day off from school.
We are beginning the process of adult transition and filling out 10 pages of questions asking what Daniel can and cannot do, this is my simplification of the process. It's a painful process for parents and one I did through Community Mental Health last year while applying for respite money for camp (which I didn't qualify for due to salary, not due to Daniel's lack of disability. He more than qualified, the family did not). It is very hard not to focus on how far behind he still is. But I try. So I focused on something else. One of the questions was about making meals. I happily had a "partial" with the lunch. Todd and I chuckled about the question if he can "prepare 3 simple meals" because he doesn't eat 3 whole different dinners. But it did make me think that I could teach him to cook a hamburger. His staple main dish. This is of course the point of the process. To figure out what you could work on to help him toward independence. But as a parent it doesn't always feel that way.
Last night I finished the sloppy joes for the rest of us (it just sounded GOOD) and pulled out two hamburger patties from the refrigerator. I called downstairs to Daniel and asked him if he'd like to cook his own burger. He said "YES!". I'll just repeat that. He said yes. So we went through the process with me talking and him doing. He clumsily flipped them with his spatula while talking about the comparisons to Spongebob and HIS spatula. We made his "salad" which consists of lettuce in a salad bowl. I steamed some broccoli, he got out his lemon yogurt. I cut up a pear. (See we have made big progress with healthy sides!) He flipped and checked the burger while commenting that he really "needed a chef's hat and apron". I smiled and told him that was a great idea. I'm beginning to see him as an adult. It's always hard to let your children grow and become adults. It is REALLY hard when they have a disability.
Reading has been both easy and difficult. Easy because as far as I remember he could always read. He'd read signs as a toddler while driving in our car. He picked up Dr Seuss books and read along. He was three and reading 60 page Curious George books. It was difficult because he wouldn't move forward. Testing his comprehension and debating "what he understands" is a night mare and a constant fight. One test shows 2nd grade comprehension, one shows 4th then another day 6th will pop up. No one knows. So we insist the school just keeps exposing him. Adults with autism report they understood much more than they output back. At school he would read but at home he'd stick to the same books he read 12 years ago. We periodically would try to push him beyond it to no avail. Then a few weeks ago, after he finished readying "To Kill a Mockingbird" with his peers in English. (no he didn't understand it, but he read it and apparently answered some questions in class that shocked everyone) So I decided that was it. I told him, "in our house everyone reads for fun before they go to sleep at night." "I do, dad does, and Zachary does and by gosh so will you." I told him he would read a chapter ever night out of a CHAPTER book.Not his old books. You know what he said? He said, "O.K." Like why hadn't I asked before, of course he will! He does this. You can try something with a fight 10,000 times then at 10,001 he says "o.k." like it is the simplest thing in the world. That, my friends, is why you can't stop. Don't get me wrong. We all get tired. I can't push every day of our lives. We would all be miserable. But when I get the strength, when I feel like it's "time" again. I push again. Sometimes it doesn't work. Then one day, it does. And when it does. It is not only magical, but shocking.
Parenting a child with a disability is at the same time the most frustrating thing in the world and the most rewarding. Jumps in ability are so much more obvious that with our neuro typical kids. They are under such a microscope, and so are the parents. I had to have an ongoing conversation with the school yesterday about how I answered some of those questions on the transition form. It is very frustrating to have people question something you answered that your child has been doing forever independently, but the process makes it happen. She wasn't saying I was lying, but she had a different answer based on something Daniel told her. It makes me crazy. I spent a lot of my morning going back and forth with her about it. Only to have Daniel make his own dinner, then tell me he wanted to go to his IEP meeting today, then read me a chapter out of his book (it's Disney Fairies. But it's a chapter book!) and while reading he laughed and talked to me about it and I sat in his bed smiling as he read it to me. And it was awesome. So for the parents with smaller children with disabilities. I know it doesn't seem like you will ever get here. Those who didn't know Daniel when he was little think he was always like he is now. He was not. It's hard. It's also the most rewarding thing you will ever do.
Monday, April 16, 2012
Eating Out
A Diary of a Mom shared a link today that I had to pass on It really hit home for me because I hear about these run ins with ignorant people quite often. I also have talked about that I have never ever had anyone confront my family in this way. I have only had people say encouraging things to me. I am not sure why I have lucked out in this way, but I have. I'm sure some people thought about it, but have never confronted me. I am thankful for that, because I honestly don't know what I'd do. I don't mean I would retreat. I think I would probably start a fight! There is nothing worse than getting mama bear riled up!
Part of the reason I'm sharing this is because Saturday night my family went out to eat. If you aren't from here, I'll try to describe this place for you. It is called Crunchy's. It has been in our area forever. When I was in college I spent a LOT of time here. Sort of like Cheers but not as nice, it's friendly, but a bit more dive like, which only lends itself to the appeal in my opinion. Burgers, beer, pizza and lots and lots of TVs. We haven't been going there for long because the fear of the "Belle Tire guy" had kept us away. Now we usually don't go if the Detroit Tigers or Redwings are playing because Belle Tire is their sponsor and therefore more Belle Tire commercials. But Saturday night we were going out to dinner...well, because we had to. There were no options at home. I thought Olga's was on the table and somehow Crunchy's was decided. I knew the Tiger's were on but that was the decision. We warned Daniel. He has improved so much that now he just looks away and hides when the little evil guy comes on the TV so we thought we'd give it a whirl. He's still scared, but he is dealing with it. How awesome is that!?
Crunchy's was crazy busy and we lucked out with a booth. Daniel likes that they have a pinball machine there, so he gets a bunch of quarters and plays. This is an excellent distraction while waiting for food! Service was a little slower than normal because of how busy it was, but the pinball helps.
Our server came to our table, and I'm going to say his name, Brandon, because he handled this so well....Brandon walked up to our table and right when he did, the Belle Tire guy came on the TV behind him. Of course Brandon had no idea this was happening or that it would ever affect my 6' tall child. But Daniel looked like someone smacked him the way he jumped and then he ducked. He had his head down as far as he could, about level with the booth and looking toward the wall next to us and then Daniel says super casually, "hi Brandon" (in what I could tell was a voice he was trying to control) "I'd like a burger that's totally plain, no cheese, no toppings and fries and a Sprite." All while looking under the table. Brandon was completely unfazed and said "no problem! sounds good!" like they were looking at each other talking and this happens every day. Todd and I were both smiling and the rest went on like "normal". The waiter never blinked. If anything, he was nicer. Just like the people in this video.
Autism awareness is working. People are understanding that he isn't being rude, that something is a little "off" and here's the best part THEY DON'T CARE. As this What Would You Do? shows, people not only don't care but stand up to the jerk who does. This made my day, but it also made me cry. Cry because I was so over come with how many people were angry and jumped in to their defense.
It also reminded me of vacation. Zach and I were eating out alone. At first I didn't notice the boy next to me, but as we were looking at our menus I saw him start walking back and forth. He had an I Touch. I heard a bit of "face" from Nick Jr and it reminded me of Daniel. Then I glanced at my phone and as soon as I did he was looking over my shoulder (literally) at my I phone. I put it down and he walked away. His parents didn't notice. Zach and I smiled at each other, both knowing immediately what was up. Then I started to pay more attention out of the corner of my eye. He was pacing, snapping his fingers compulsively and looking at his I touch with full attention. Then I picked up my phone again and within a split second he was over my shoulder again. This time his mom saw him and she called him back and apologized in a way that I have done many times. They were getting ready to leave as she was apologizing. I smiled and said, "really, it's not a problem" and they left. Little did they know, how much I understood. In my case autism awareness is because I live with it at home. But I have to think part of it has been the relentless autism awareness campaigns over the past 10 years. But it is also, sadly, due to the new statistic released this month. 1 in 88 kids are diagnosed with autism. I'll say that again, 1 in 88. So I have to think pretty much everyone knows someone diagnosed with autism. A friend, a nephew, a grandchild, a neighbor. We still don't know why this is happening, but I am happy to know that people are being more accepting of it. April is autism awareness month. Pay it forward and let someone know they are accepted in our community. Watch the video to remind yourself how to respond to support families with autism.
Tuesday, February 28, 2012
Better Late than Never
It is still February so I feel justified posting this. Daniel made this at school in ELF one day. ELF is an acronym for a social friend group that he participates in every other week. He brought the card home and was SO genuinely excited about it. I can see why. It is about the cutest thing I've ever seen.
If case you were wondering the blue lines are glittery and Daniel said it is "flashing"
The inside reads, "Dear Mom and Dad, I love you in London, I Love you in Rome, Look in your mailbox when you get home. xoxox Your secret admirer
It also says Be My Valentine.
Anyone know what that poem is from?? Because it is of course "from" something and not original.
One of his favorites. Arthur's Valentine
I think it is about the best Valentine I have ever received.
Saturday, February 25, 2012
Last night was the preliminary round of the district swim meet. I was gearing up for a long night, as we were told to be there at 4:00, it started at 6:00 and was expected to go until about 9:30. I am usually an extreme rule follower, but I knew immediately I wasn't bringing him at 4:00. Daniel had a little bit different idea and was ready at about 4:10 and waiting in the car, so my 4:30 plan was out the window. When he's ready, he's ready. I can't tell you how many times I've wondered where he is when we were leaving somewhere only to find him sitting in the car wondering what is taking us so long!
When Daniel and I walked through the door of the natatorium Daniel stopped and said "there's a LOT of people in here", which I had been warning him about. There were 8 entire swim teams, coaches, timers etc. Everyone wasn't even there yet and there was no spectators yet, since it was ya know, 4:30. I will admit it. I was nervous. I wasn't sure we would make it through this night and I was struggling because I know that no matter how upset he is, he won't leave somewhere if it isn't over. Even if he is so angry, self injuring, freaking out, he is dug in even more. Let's just say my gut was speaking to me and I had a bad feeling before we got there. I looked at the line up and saw besides the 50 free and 100 free, the coach put him in a relay. I always struggle with relays because I feel like Daniel's slow swimming slows down the others on the relay, I have come to realize that mostly they just care about there personal time within the relay, because it isn't the super competitive group anyway, but this is the districts and I had a bad feeling. So I asked the coach to scratch him and put in someone else, which he agreed to. Daniel seemed fine with the fact that he only had two races instead of his usual 3.
I brought his usual old I pod nano with his Fantasia music. The boy loves "Toccata and fugue in D minor by Johann Sebastian Bach" (which is what he says when asked what he is listening to or loves, but this time, knowing it would run out of battery in that time brought his I pod touch. I love the I pods, for a teenage boy to have an I pod in his ear looks like everyone else, he can listen to calming music and block out the chaos around him. It is a perfect solution. A team mate last night asked what he was listening to, and this was his answer....THAT is not the typical! :)
The warm up was so chaotic I just decided not to have him get in. We are talking 15 or 20 people per lane, my husband described it that it looked like the start of a triathlon. Does Daniel REALLY need to warm up with his times? I was mentally checking off my list of things we are getting through and I skipped that, check. No relay, check. OK, moving on!
The meet starts. I bought a program. I'm a numbers girl and I kind of like to write down everyone's times. It gives me something to do for hours and I can see exactly how everyone is doing. I remind myself of the baseball mom keeping stats, but whatever. I find it fun and relaxing. It's kind of weird, but it keeps me busy.
I found that Daniel really liked having the program next to him. It was a typed visual schedule, and he understood more about these times that we have been talking about. He could see peoples seed time (there best time coming in) and what they actually swam. He could see then why people were excited when they obliterated their time, or upset when they didn't. Some connections were being made.
Then at the beginning of the 3rd event, boys were standing next to the starting blocks getting ready and it happened. What is possibly the worst thing to happen for an autistic person? What is the huge fear our kids walk around with? A random, loud, interrupting moment that stops the flow of what is going on, makes loud noises and flashes? Yup. The fire alarm went off. The buzzers start, they flash and we have to evacuate the building. A stand PACKED full of fans. Eight teams of swimmers in speedos, swim caps, half with no shoes on. All outside.
Daniel was SO upset. His usual cues, bright red face, worried eyes, pleading for it to stop. Begging me to make it stop (oh how I wish I could make it stop my sweet! I would turn it off and protect you, but I can't. It is gut wrenching). And from my perspective I have to put on my cheer leading face that it is all good, it will stop soon. The coach distributed kick boards for all of the shoeless kids outside to stand on, Daniel had on slides, thankfully, but a short sleeved shirt and a swimsuit. This not warming up was looking good because he was DRY. What made me keep him out of that warm up? He's never done that before? I was now thankful. Although he wasn't complaining about being cold. He wanted that fire alarm to stop. The other kids were jumping up and down and freezing and laughing about the insanity of the situation and Daniel just. wanted. it. to. stop. Go back to what we should doing. He kept pleading for the kids to get back in the pool. "I just want them to swim" "I want to swim". "Make it stop so we can get back in the pool." There is not greater feeling of defeat as a parent of a kid with autism when you can't control the situation. It is totally out of your hands and you are in 100% damage control.
The buzzers stop, but the lights were still flashing and we filed inside. It started again. "OH NO!" Daniel starts perseverating again. He says "I'M GOING TO GRAB YOU AND GET IN YOUR FACE". To which I respond that he is NOT. This has actually been a good strategy, because he is on the brink of doing it and warning me he is almost there. I can sometimes stop it. He did once. He doesn't hurt me and it doesn't even really scare me, he pulls me toward him and touches our faces together in a super intense feeling that he may hit you, but he doesn't. It may look like it to the casual observer. But I know he is begging for control and to lash out, but isn't. I could go on and on, but let's cut to the chase. They finally let us in the building. The alarm was not blaring or buzzing, but the lights were flashing. Someone (who I hope gets found and in a LOT of trouble) obviously messed with a sprinkler head in the band room (the sprinklers were going off in there and I hope didn't cause too much damage). It took just over one HOUR to fix it. The law is you can't go into the pool while the lights are flashing. They couldn't get it to stop because of the the damaged sprinkler head in the band room. Seriously our worst nightmare. Every so often Daniel would yell out for the flashing to stop. He was still very upset. I could see the natives getting restless at one point and finally talked him into going to the bathroom and I found Todd to help him so he wouldn't freak in the bathroom with out me to help. (This also gave me a small break of talking him down the whole time, my own self preservation strategy!) So our extremely long meet now had an extra hour added on to it.
When it stopped the relief on Daniel's face was instantaneous. He was so excited for it to stop, he looked like he could run a marathon he had so much energy. He was revitalized. His first race was only a few heats away. His coach called him down and he jumped in off the block (still no diving) and swam hard. He is so strong, if we could fix a few things he'd actually be somewhat competitive. But he took 3 seconds off of his best ever time! I was so proud and he was SO excited. Everyone was so excited for him! His next up was his 100 free and he took 3.5 seconds off of THAT. It was awesome. He was so excited. As always he announced that he WON! Which he doesn't literally win his heat, but he wins in so many other ways. I was tearing up sitting there, thinking about him able to sit through an hour long fire alarm. People approached me saying how great he did and "was he even upset"? I don't know how they can't see that, but obviously he is only making a scene that we can see. Todd was across the pool and heard him a few times yelling out, but our parental radar is hearing it and others aren't paying too much attention. His team mates knew he was upset but understood. They were happy for him when it was over. The fact that he regrouped from that and used his energy in a positive way is, frankly, better than a few of his team mates did. One or two let it get to them.
It was the longest night. We got home at 11:00 pm after enduring huge stress. Daniel got to bed at midnight after his normal routine. Slept until 11:30 this morning and we are ready to go again. He is the most amazing person I know. Today are the finals and we are just going to be a part of the team and cheer them on. We have dinner out with the team. Usually I'd be nervous about that. But honestly, right now. I feel like we could do anything. If we can get through that, we can get through anything. I choose to see the positives. I think most people learn the best lessons through the hardest circumstances and I think it is even more true with our kids with autism. I refuse to react why me. I actually can't even do it. I am so happy with what happened last night, I'm looking forward to facing it again today.
Thursday, January 12, 2012
Be the Hare!
We spent last night at a middle school swim meet for Zachary. Daniel came to watch, I was timing and Todd was there for a while before he had to run off to a city council meeting. Daniel was very patient at this very long meet. Tonight it is his turn. Yes, tonight he will compete in an honest to God swim meet.
Over Christmas vacation he participated in a Blue and White meet they called it. It was a scrimmage between his team. I was a ridiculous nervous wreck inside but once again put on my happy mom face and worked through it. He was THRILLED. He actually swam in two "races", the 50 free and 100 backstroke. He finished. And when he did I could see his excitement. He finished waaaaaayyyyy behind everyone else. He didn't care. I was very nervous that I would care. You see, I'm a wee bit competitive. OK, maybe more than a wee bit. Maybe a lot competitive. But I impressed my self. Watching him just be a part of the team, finish his races and be excited was ENOUGH for me. Just being real here, I didn't think it would be. I am often told people like my honesty here, so I'm being honest, even if I sound terrible, but I was scared I'd be mortified. Isn't it wonderful when you rise above yourself? I had no idea I had that in me. I just watched him with a smile on my face. It was enough because I know what a huge accomplishment it is for him to even go to practice every day. I know what an accomplishment it is for him to sit through an entire swim meet. I know what an accomplishment it is to get him to swim for 2 hours. It's astounding as a matter of fact.
Since that time there have been away meets, which we are not going to, and a home meet, but with 4 teams. That is just a lot of people. So we actually went to watch that one. He wore his warm up,(see picture above) sat with the team. Told everyone good job, nice race and incorporated himself into the team that way. I sat with him and showed him things during the meet about how things are "done" so he could take it all in, without having to worry about swimming.
Then one day I came into the end of practice to pick him up and they were practicing "starts" and "racing". When I entered the pool it seemed like everyone was standing around, but they were waiting for Daniel to finish his race. People were cheering for him to swim. He was about half way and barely moving. I already knew he didn't really understand the "race" part of it. I have seen him swim hard against his brother. Something about that motivates him to SWIM, he doesn't want his little brother to beat him, so he kicks it into gear. But in this instance, and in the scrimmage, he looked like he was out for a Sunday stroll. It's sort of adorable. But it was clear to me that he had no idea what he was supposed to be doing. Especially when he yelled, "do I have to swim to the wall?" Um yeah...
After that practice I was talking to him about races. How it's different from practice. The only example I could think of about going fast is "the Hare" from Aesop's The Tortoise and the Hare. He loves that story and knows it by heart. He liked the comparison to going super fast like the hare. We have talked about it a few times since then. I was telling my cousin this story yesterday and she said something like, 'you need to find a story with a different moral, like Elmo winning a race, the whole point is that the tortoise wins'. But we were laughing and Beckie was yelling into the phone "BE THE HARE DANIEL" which made me laugh. But I do understand the conflict with the moral, and unfortunately, so does Daniel! So if anyone has any suggestions, please leave a comment. If it is Sesame Street, or some other animated movie, that shows trying your best in a race, that would be the best motivator.
Last night after Zachary's meet, Daniel was riding home with me in the car. He said, "I'm not a tortoise, I am the hare! A tortoise has a very heavy shell that makes him slowwwwww." I was laughing along with him and said "yes it would be hard to swim with that heavy shell!" (again, turtles swim and as far as I know rabbits do not...I need some help here people!) But we were joking and having fun. The last thing he says at night is what he is going to dream about. He said he was going to dream about being the hare.
This morning he came bounding into the kitchen excitedly saying, "I dreamt I was the hare!" But then he looked at me and said "but slow and steady wins the race" with a bit of a question on the end there. I replied that slow and steady wins only the very long races. In a very short race fast fast fast wins, so you have to try to go your fastest. Be the hare. This seemed to satisfy him. He is very excited for tonight. He has proclaimed that he will "Be the hare." What we really want is for him to understand the difference between a race and practice. Which he did not. Todd and I were laughing about all of this on the phone this morning because it really doesn't make any sense at all. It is all conflicting, but Daniel is really enjoying the thought of being the hare. Todd I can't wait to find out what this means to Daniel. Knowing him he'll take it literally and go super fast (for him) and then stop at the end and not finish. Just like the hare. Or he'll try his very best, which is what we want from everyone. Or...who knows?! At the very least, it will be interesting! Seriously, what have I done!?!
Thursday, January 5, 2012
Happy New Year; Two Years in the Making
Happy 2012! I hope this finds your families healthy and happy after the holiday season. We decided to go "low key" this New Years. We stayed home. It's been a busy break with swim practices, so instead of packing up and going somewhere we thought we needed some down time before school started again.
New Years Eve found us hanging out, playing cards and waiting for the ball to drop. Daniel was also waiting, although ready to leap into bed after we counted down. His favorite part is counting backwards from 10 of course. It is oh so very very Sesame Street! At about 11:45 he wandered downstairs, already showered and in his pajamas waiting for "the" moment. He brought his I pad with him while he waited in the family room. Todd and I were playing cards with our friends when we heard the TV go silent. We both turned around to look into the family room and then we saw "it". For those of you who know us, or have read this blog for a long time, you know what "it" is. "It", like Voldemort, is the thing that cannot be named, said, talked about, make a reference to, anything. The Belle Tire commercial was on during The New Years Rockin' Eve "with Dick Clark" hosted by Ryan Seacrest (I don't know why that makes me laugh...Dick Clark, please please retire.)
But for those of you who aren't familiar with our years and years (and years) of dealing with "The Belle Tire guy", here are some old posts for you to read. Here I think that should pull up all of them. I reread a lot of these last night. Realizing that for the past two years we have been actively working on helping Daniel past this fear. Really, it's been his whole life, but the past two years he seems to have matured enough to work harder on it. He is still terrified by the little demon. This seemingly innocuous little guy has really pissed me off for a long time. Only because he paralyzes my child and prevents us from going to a lot of places for fear that he will suddenly appear on a screen somewhere. I have written about "Sensory Perceptual Issues in Autism and Aspergers". But as a reminder, it explains that "perceptual thinkers can experience thought as a reality. It means that when they think about something, they relive it visually, auditorially, etc and emotionally." (ONeill 1999). If you have ever seen Daniel react to this guy you'd know he was reliving a nightmare over and over again.
One of my followers became someone who worked for Belle Tire, because I wrote about them so much, I guess they had to know who this blogger was who kept talking about them. They feel bad. They've even written to me, which is nice, but also kind of funny. But what can they do? I only wish they could do something.
So back to NYE. Silence. Todd and I looked at each other, with that non verbal communication that only 20+ years of marriage can give you. Todd jumped up and went into the room (we can see the TV from where we were, but not Daniel). Daniel was looking at his I pad, with kind of a scrunched up look on his face, looking off to the side. Kind of like when you see something really disgusting and don't quite want to look at it... Then when it was over, it was over although he was a little upset. He muted it and looked away. That's what he did. What he DIDN'T DO was: yell, cover his ears, run from the room. None of it. None of the typical for him fight or flight, over the top panic. He simply picked up the remote and hit that powerful little button "mute", averted his eyes and waited for it to be over. For two years, when we go into restaurants with TVs (that are muted) we have told him "it's safe, it's on mute", he won't hear "it's" voice and he can look away when it's done. For over two years. It has allowed us to slowly go to more places. He gets a little anxious, but he's been doing it with some underlying panic. Then on NYE, this happened. The couple who were with us, both know very well, about his problems with this. We all looked at each other in astonishment. I'm so glad they knew how BIG, HUGE, ENORMOUS, this was for him and were able to celebrate that with us. We didn't have a lot of time to do that, because it was time for the countdown. We had poppers with confetti (yup, loud, but we warned him, and he was fine with it and happy to pull one himself). We counted down, we kissed and hugged and welcomed 2012 together. With maybe just a little more enthusiasm that we had planned on because Daniel made a huge leap forward that night. I think confetti and celebration were a perfect way to follow up this growth. That is why we are always working on things. It took over two years, and we saw a change right before our eyes. I'm hoping this is a sign of things to come. Happy New Year from the Sneathens! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '4', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9824249148368835}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '223648', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:QSP5I67KCFPZLWS76B245EZTMR24LYFK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fef51ced-82ec-4dfc-baa3-c9c9fd791700>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 7, 17, 9, 38, 32), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.8.1', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6FZZJEDU27LBCS2ZQ5XRFXKXB3XRROAG', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f6926946-327d-45a8-b230-12509cadc261>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://sneathenfamily.blogspot.com/2012/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d89b0817-18b5-4643-9328-842017544281>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '14783', 'url': 'http://sneathenfamily.blogspot.com/2012/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-37-226-241.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-30\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2018\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02967071533203125', 'original_id': '411c19f6476310358f3c70495e03ff93cd8612aa195e707547fabba5dcf64c56'} |
If you haven’t heard of this term, you might know it by other names: socially responsible investing, values- based investing and environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing. Essen- tially, sustainable investing incorporates non-financial or indirect financial con- siderations, specifically environmental concerns (climate change, renewable energy, water scarcity), social concerns (human rights, product safety or liability) and governance issues (corporate be- havior, executive compensation, lobbying and so on). As a sustainable investor, you would invest in companies that take what you’d consider a positive stance on these issues, or are at least improving in these areas, and you’d avoid businesses that fall on what you perceive as the negative side.
There are many ways to implement a sustainable investing approach that addresses your specific concerns with varying levels of diversification and control. Some investors select individual stocks of companies they are comfortable supporting. But you might find it more affordable, and more efficient, to invest in mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that focus on sustainable investments.
When exploring sustainable mutual funds and ETFs, make sure you look beyond the name of the fund to assess whether its ESG approach aligns with your personal interests and goals. Also, look for these key elements:
• Diversification – By definition, mutual funds that concentrate on sustainable investments might exclude entire industries, which could hurt your portfolio’s performance if the excluded investments perform better than the rest of the market. For example, a fund that excludes all oil-related companies might generate poor returns during a period of rising oil prices. Therefore, you may prefer to invest in a fund that integrates environmental, social and governance considerations into the investment process without excluding specific sectors or types of companies. You can further dilute this risk by owning a wide array of sustainable funds that use different approaches or processes to invest in sustainable companies. However, while diversification can reduce the effects of volatility on your portfolio, it can’t guaran- tee profits or protect against all losses.
• Track record – As you have no doubt heard, past performance can’t guarantee future results, so you may not want to focus too much on a fund’s historical returns. Still, it might be worthwhile to assess how one fund has performed over time in comparison with similar funds or an index. Many sustainable- investing funds are newer or weren’t always invested sustainably, so be sure the track record you are considering is relevant.
Here’s something else to keep in mind: The universe of mutual funds is vast, and some funds may not market themselves as “sustainable,” but still include sustainable considerations in their investment selections. These funds could provide you with more options.
Finally, consider including charitable contributions in your investment strategy. In some cases, you may decide that’s a better way to meet your financial and non-financial investing goals than limiting your investment choices.
By following a sustainable investing approach or incorporating charitable donations in your financial strategy, you can express your beliefs in a tangible way – while still working to achieve your long-term goals.
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Smart Takes
Fares and the future of transit: wireless, smart and connected
Fares and the future of transit: wireless, smart and connected
Posting in Cities
RFID, NFC, smart cards and smarter systems -- these are the tools behind the fare collection system's of America's biggest public transportation systems. Cubic gives us a peek into a rapidly-changing industry.
Every time New Yorkers swipe their Metrocards in the turnstiles of the city's sprawling subway system, an amazing amount of computing power kicks in, tracking how much fare is spent, where and when it's used across the system, and how much is left on the card.
Every time Londoners flash their OysterCard, the same thing occurs.
Behind both "smart" systems is Cubic Transportation Systems, a firm that's focused on bringing smart, connected technology to our roads, tunnels and trains.
The firm is hard at work on a next-generation system for New York City. I spoke with Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regional director Steve Brunner about what's next in automated fare collection -- including near-field communications and advanced radio frequency identification cards -- as well as the push to go mobile and the challenges of a building an infrastructure that's made of rapidly changing parts.
SmartPlanet: Let's start at the beginning: what does Cubic do?
SB: Cubic Transportation Systems is a subsidiary of Cubic Corporation in California. We're the world's largest provider of automated fare collection for mass-transit systems.
We handle turnstiles, ticket vending machines, communications network, data collection and reporting systems. We also provide services to operate and maintain those services. In some places, that's just equipment, in some places it's services, for some it's both.
We have systems in place in Brisbane, London and San Francisco. We have more than 175 active clients in 40 major markets in the world.
That includes:
• New York -- We're the original supplier of Metrocard system. The equipment.
• London -- We're behind the OysterCard system. Equipment and some services, like maintenance, call center support and the reporting system.
• Washington, D.C. -- Mostly equipment, as well as customer service support for the WMATA.
• Los Angeles -- Some equipment, some services, such as gating, ticketing and maintenance.
• San Francisco -- We're behind the Clipper card. That includes some equipment, operations and customer service.
We also recently won a big job in Sydney, and have a partnership with IBM in Vancouver.
SmartPlanet: That's a lot of major cities. So what are you seeing out there, the state of the industry?
SB: What we're really seeing in this industry right now is an evolution in the way we're going forward. A lot of it has to do with budgets. You certainly have to have a lot of patience in this industry. It's been conservative.
What we're seeing now is that they're really looking at getting out of the business of fare collection themselves and outsourcing a lot of it -- whether the technology or the operation. They want to go away from proprietary-based systems and into new, open fare payment technologies. With the banking industry getting into open payments and contactless media, we have another source putting media on the street. Agencies are saying, "Why not do that?"
Banks are one of the big key distributors of the media: debit or credit cards, so long as it's a contact-less device. In addition, phone companies -- phones can be a form of contactless media.
It could be a student card or a government card. The technology has evolved.
SmartPlanet: The obvious question, then: why don't we have these technologies yet? My hometown, Philadelphia, still uses tokens.
SB: Most of the barriers for technology are pretty much gone. We've seen pilots that have shown that the technology works. You haven't seen it before because it hasn't been out there, but just recently technology has improved and wireless networks have improved and banks are issuing new cards.
Philadelphia is committed. They're probably the farthest along in terms of procurements of new technologies.
Washington is going to come out with a procurement. Chicago has a procurement in process right now for open payment. Toronto has an open procurement on the street. Part of the Vancouver job is that. You're seeing a lot of enthusiasm.
To be honest, you've seen a lot of smart card systems go into play. Miami has transitioned to 100 percent contact-less smart cards. Chicago, Washington, New York's PATH system, Boston.
We're definitely sharing the business models with agencies like the MTA and SEPTA. You make an investment; a city as big as New York is a huge investment. They did that in the mid-to-late 1990s [with the MetroCard]. Compared to tokens, it's saved them a lot of money from lost fares, fare evasion and the cost of collecting them.
Over the last few years, we have gone in and pitched to them on how the same improvement in their business practices. Tokens lasted about 90 years. Magnetic media lasted about what, 15 years? The half-life of this technology is changing. But it's a big investment every time you change technology.
SmartPlanet: Infrastructure isn't designed to change quickly. How do you plan for upgrades?
SB: The next round of upgrades will become more flexible. When the MTA goes from the Metrocard system to an open payment system, they're not going to have to go back to the ground and take out out the gates. They can just bolt readers on what they've already got.
The readers and the computers and the technology we put on there in the turnstiles of the future…we've thought about the next generation: phones, contactless, a watch, a key fob. All of this technology is going to be built to some form of open standard.
SmartPlanet: Is this a transportation revolution, or evolution?
SB: It's a combination of slowing down and speeding up.
Reliability and speed are the most important things to us. We want to get people through gates and boarding buses rapidly. We're partnering with people from Silicon Valley and the people who make phones -- there's a much closer relationship than there was in the past.
One of the big hurdles, which exists but has improved, is the ability to accept credit cards on buses. You have to be able to communicate back to authenticate and authorize cards. The improvements that have been made -- 4G networks, for example -- are allowing us to introduce this technology.
SmartPlanet: What is your biggest challenge?
SB: Working with all these different technology and service providers and being able to put teams together to address these needs. A lot will be based on wireless technologies.
We've improved a lot, but it's still not uncommon to have your phone call dropped. If it will slow your boarding times, that's unacceptable. We have to come up with ways to protect ourselves and the transaction.
SmartPlanet: Will there be unified accounts across systems, such as having a common account in Philadelphia and New York?
SB: Things are looking to be more regional. For New York, we didn't do much with Metro North and Long Island Railroad. Now you're talking the region: NJT, commuter railroads, Port Authority and PATH.
There are many people living in this area who transfer across systems using many different pieces.
The regions are going to expand. There are already discussions happening to make it global. Any form of ID that can be associated to an account for payment: you'll be able to use it in New York, London, Philadelphia.
It's simpler and more convenient to support a single system. For the user, it will be transparent.
SmartPlanet: When can we expect this feature?
SB: We'll start seeing systems within 12 to 18 months.
The procurement process can take longer than the implementation process. We recently did a system in Miami; we replaced their entire system. The procurement process took years, the implementation took 14 months.
There is a global demand for these types of open payments. The biggest difference between the United States and Europe is the security standard for their cards. In Europe, every card has a chip and PIN. It allows you to do more authentication and authorization locally without going back to the bank. It doesn't exist at all in the U.S. right now. The concept is very similar.
Most people who play in this space make products that support either environment. Canada is looking at EMV [Europay, MasterCard, Visa] more. We are partnering with different kinds of people than we did before: banks, card-issuing companies, et cetera.
SmartPlanet: What are the benefits here?
SB: With that same card, you can get local benefits: in London they have other policies, such as "capping" -- so you get the best price regardless of the kind of ticket you buy. They're paying as you go.
SmartPlanet: As a New Yorker, London's requirement to scan your ticket upon exiting the system always frustrates me.
SB: Places like Washington and London charge by the distance, and to do that, you need to know where someone got in and where they exited.
SmartPlanet: Is there a place for GPS in that scheme?
SB: There is -- that's probably a next-generation technology. Phones with GPS built into them, maybe you can determine where people get off. That's probably in the next evolution.
SmartPlanet: How about ensuring wireless connectivity in old subway systems deep underground -- can it work?
SB: I think it can. You need some network within a station -- a wireless LAN to an access point above ground to get to the broadband wireless network to communicate to the master system. We don't necessarily need it in tunnels and tubes, just entry and exit points.
SmartPlanet: Surely that's an expensive proposition.
SB: Well, you put in a wired network, it's more expensive. If we have to put in that network, wireless is going to be less inexpensive.
SmartPlanet: Does there exist equipment to deal with harsh conditions underground?
SB: We do have that -- that's one of our key points of expertise. We bring to the table our experience in mass-transit, taking Silicon Valley technology and bringing it into this environment for 40 years.
On a bus, it's more about driving down the streets that aren't so smooth.
SmartPlanet: Is there interest for Cubic to expand into the smart grid for cities space?
SB: Business has changed, but it's picked up. As a corporation, this year was a record year for us. These agencies want to move to more efficient systems.
We see more requirement for justification and return. With this new technology, we believe we can bring efficiencies and customer convenience to them.
There certainly is more of a move toward providing the system and services. It's more of a general investment by us as a company -- the initial capital investment -- that's what we're seeing more of.
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Andrew Nusca
Editor Emeritus
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Cat Pees in The Sink – How To Prevent It?
Cat Pees in The Sink-How To Prevent It
In the words of Charles Dicken, “What greater gift than the love of a cat?”
But what if that love comes in the form of a cat peeing in sink?
So much for the loving right ?
A cat peeing in sink could be a sign of many things. Also, a urinary tract infection can cause this weird behavior. Other cats would pee in the sink if their litter box is filthy or they are just avoiding it. Better yet, cat peeing in sink could be out of behavioral problems or he loves how your sink looks.
Before you give your cat up for adoption, let us first explain to you why the furbaby is peeing on your sink.
Cats are masters of decorum and peeing inside a sink is not their style.
So, when you see your kitty doing it, there is an underlying problem which we will explore in this article.
Why does my cat pee in the sink?
cat in the sink
Your cat is peeing in the sink because of these reasons;
• A filthy litter-box
• A urinary tract infection
• A preference for your sink
• Age
• Behavioral issues
Filthy litter box
Cats are naturally clean.
This is why they spend most of their day grooming themselves from head to paw.
Even though they risk swallowing a hairball or two, it is worth it to them.
When your cat starts peeing outside the litter box, chances are the litter box is dirty.
Litter boxes fill up quickly without notice.
Perhaps when a strong stink comes from the litter tray is when we are compelled to clean it.
But a cat will catch that awful stink long before you.
And no cat in the world will do its business in a stinky box.
Your kitchen or bathroom sink look clean and hidden enough for your cat to take a leak in.
Learn More:
why is my cat peeing on clothes
A Urinary Tract Infection
Yes, cats do get UTIs as well.
And while humans complain of a burning or itchy sensation when peeing, cats will show symptoms by peeing in odd places.
The habit is motivated by a cat not understanding the discomfort they are having.
If peeing in the litter box causes an itch, a cat will look for other places to relieve themselves.
They may choose a sink or bathtub because they believe these places won’t cause the same itch.
As a pet parent, taking your cat to a vet will help diagnose a UTI as the cause of your cat peeing in sink.
VIDEO: How to Spot a Cat Urinary Tract Infection
He prefers your sink
Perhaps your cat pees in the sink because he likes it there.
Let’s face it, if you have a chance to take a leak at a motel vs a Ritz Carlton bathroom, chances are you will take door number two.
Cats understand this comfort too, which is why your sink is a fancy upgrade.
In a cat’s eyes, all things belong to cats
-English proverb
Also, maybe the cat pees in the sink because something draws him there.
For instance, the smell of bleached sinks is known to drive cats crazy.
And a stoned cat is bound to do un-catlike stuff like peeing where they see convenient (now why does that sound familiar?).
Sadly, some cats lose their bearings as they grow older.
Dementia kicks in and they start forgetting stuff, including their house training.
An elderly cat patched high up on your sink may not have the energy to make the journey to the litter box.
As a result, peeing in the sink becomes the only option.
It could also be that your aging cat is now mistaking the sink or your tub as his litter box.
Anxiety in cats can cause odd symptoms like peeing on sinks, tubs, even carpets.
Some cats, out of anxiety, may develop a humping behavior.
Feline anxiety comes with the following symptoms too;
• Mood swings
• Isolation
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Aggressive behavior
• Cat meowing a lot
If left unchecked, peeing can easily escalate to pooping in your tub.
A visit to the vet will help determine if your cat has underlying psychological issues.
How do you stop cat peeing in sink for good?
Cat staring at the sink
Find out what is ailing your cat.
If it is a UTI or any other disease, your vet will prescribe medication that will help clear the infection.
A cat peeing in sink out of habit can be stopped by restricting its access to the sink.
Other measures to stop cat from peeing in sink include;
1. Keeping the cat in a crate while you are away.
This will discourage them from peeing in the sink when home alone.
But you do not want to keep them in the crate for too long especially if they suffer from separation anxiety.
2. Clean or change your cat’s litter box. It is the only way to encourage them to start using it again.
Also, ensure the litter box is in a location that your cat can easily access and away from human traffic.
Cats love to do their business in private.
3. If you are keeping more than one cat, buy a litter box for each cat.
Cats are not big on sharing personal items like litter boxes.
4. Spend more time with your cat and shield it from bullying from other cats.
Bullying and loneliness are the top reasons for anxiety in cats.
Cats are prized for their high moral standards.
With that in mind, you can now understand why it is not normal behavior for a cat to pee in your sink.
If he is properly house trained, then there is a strong reason for this new strange behavior.
Take your cat to the vet to rule out sickness and use any of the above tips to stop the cat peeing in sink for good.
See Also
Frequently Asked Questions
A cat peeing on you or your clothes is trying to communicate with you. It could start with him walking over your computer keyboard to get your attention. If this does not work, the cat employs other dire measures like peeing on your sink. All this stems from loneliness and anxiety. Spend more time with your cat to stop the behavior.
Mixing one part of vinegar to three parts water can help get rid of cat urine in the sink or bathtub. For fabrics, soak the affected part in the vinegar-water solution and clean it with detergent after. Use lavender fabric softener to keep your cat away for good.
Cats are clean animals and would not soil your sink out of spite. A cat peeing in sink, or pooping, could be that the litter box is dirty or not accessible. Also, find out if this house soiling behavior stems from pet anxiety.
First, find out what is causing your cat to pee in the sink. Once you have that solved, clean up your sink with a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and a liquid detergent. This will clear the urine smell from the sink which can attract your cat to pee again. Also, using a cat repellent like rue or lavender to keep your cat away.
| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '15', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9226477742195128}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '84504', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:MADPZ74ID6MJJMALDKSEEESHGYZJ7S3E', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f401a390-aace-4f79-8baa-12385b7dac6b>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 11, 27, 2, 59, 46), 'WARC-IP-Address': '67.202.92.24', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:74WR7XMAOKMO75HXO4UQZO7AVCJLCDZ6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:16320bfc-e0ca-4f36-b011-235758f98263>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://zooawesome.com/home-pets/cat-pees-in-the-sink-how-to-prevent-it/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:569761de-3ce4-4029-9475-71cfbb72195d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1261', 'url': 'https://zooawesome.com/home-pets/cat-pees-in-the-sink-how-to-prevent-it/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-49\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November/December 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-196\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.31458258628845215', 'original_id': '51505b89622f461f229ef593e09cb91465a53d37c7e3dc8ffe5965c5b82abe80'} |
Revit/BIM Practices
The BIM Transition
Understanding Building Information Modeling & BIM’s Impact on the Design Process The construction industry is quickly making a shift to BIM and leaving 2D drafting options behind. In order to remain current, it is essential that we as professionals learn the new tools of the trade. Even seasoned architects can […]
Why Use Drafting Standards? 2
It is crucial to be able to communicate with everyone collaborating on a project. The various documents utilized for a project serve as a central source to collaborate and share information on a project. Therefore, standards such as consistent layer names, document templates, colors, text styles, and procedures may be […] | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8646167516708374}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '44257', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:A32RXBTI7YOLW2BE23CBQNVJSR6HZCPV', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8e9e5674-a5db-428e-90ff-0e5f9813d824>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 3, 22, 22, 19, 47), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.227.218.13', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NBBVW3XIYDZPGWDCINIRROS4LGCH7XVF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:710f7eda-417e-4b9b-b32d-073597174221>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://rittiluechai.com/category/bim/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:dfe17d9a-d73e-4b14-9fe3-8de687aabc27>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '107', 'url': 'http://rittiluechai.com/category/bim/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-13\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-140-246-66.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03489649295806885', 'original_id': '39791da35f76055ea0f5af5651e6007dc606927ae9a85915b065a1c3abd9a787'} |
Q:
Modulo of power sum
$$\left(\sum_{k=1}^{2011}k^n\right)\equiv0\mod n$$
Find the all possible value(s) of $n$
I have no idea to start the question
A:
(Brute force computation and some progress too long for comment.)
Brute force shows these as some of the starting solutions:
$1, 2, 6, 18, 222, 298, 503, 654, 894, \\1006, 2011, 2682, 3018, 4022, 8214, 9054, \\12066,24198, 31186, 33078, 36198, 44402$
At first, the values have only prime factors: $2,3,37, 149, 503, 2011.$ But $24198$and $31186$ have prime factors $109$ and $31$, respectively, which are new.
However, if we let $n=2011p$ where $p$ is prime, $p\neq 2011$, then, $\pmod {2011}$, the transformation $k\to k^p$ onto the $\frac{2010}{\gcd(2010,p)}$ roots of unity in $\mathbb Z_{2011}$, so they sum to $0$ in that field.
Now, we also have:
$$\sum_{k=1}^{2011} k^{2011p} \equiv \sum_{k=1}^{2011} k^{2011} \pmod p$$
So you need $p$ to be a factor of $\sum k^{2011}$ to be done. That can be lots of primes, potentially some big ones. I'm not even sure how to calculate the prime factorization of this sum.
That would seem to indicate some likely $n$ which are multiples of $2011$, depending on that factorization. In particular, the only small prime factors I've found for $\sum k^{2011}$ are $2, 479, 503, \text{ and } 2011.$ I've tried all primes up to $100000$.
Just trying $n$ as a multiple of $2011$ gives values for $n$: $$2011,2\times 2011,6\times 2011,18\times 2011, 222\times 2011, \\298\times2011, 479\times 2011, 503\times 2011, 894\times 2011, \\ 1006\times 2011, 1146\times 2011,2011\times 2011, 2682\times 2011\\ 3018\times 2011, 4022\times 2011, 8214\times 2011, 9054\times 2011$$
It's not clear how much larger it will go. Note new prime factors $497$ (as predicted above) and $191$ (a factor of $1146$.)
Additional note:
We can write: $$\sum_{k=1}^{2011} k^{2011} = 2^2\cdot 479 \cdot 503^2 \cdot 2011^2 K$$
where $K$ is a monster number which, in base $10$, has over 6600 digits and no prime factor smaller than $100000$. When $p$ is a prime factor of $K$, $n=2011p$ is a solution to your congruence.
Another large value for $n$ is $n=503*5701$. I think, by a similar argument to what is above, if $p$ is a prime factor of $\sum_{k=1}^{2011} k^{503}$, then $n=503p$ is a solution. This sum is $2^2\cdot 503^2 \cdot 2011^2 \cdot 5701 L$ where $L$ has 1646 digits and no prime factor smaller than a million.
Some specific results.
$n$ cannot be divisible by $5$ or $67$ (factors of $2010$)
If $n=3b$ then $b$ is even
$n$ cannot be divisible by $4,7, 11, 61$.
If $n$ is prime, then $n=2,503,2011$
If $n=2p$ with $p$ prime, then $p=3, 149, 503, 2011$
I think I can prove that $n=2011^j$ is a solution for all $j\geq 0$.
Here is the largest solution I've found: $n=10438214802 = 6\cdot 1739702467$, where $1739702467$ is the largest prime factor of $\sum_{k=1}^{2011} k^6$.
(I know that there are larger solutions, I just don't have specific value.)
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'fe8f73970a798ad22fe8ffff76827ddddfd8ae0535e2d9e82e2538e8490f8d31'} |
import mxnet as mx
from mxnet.gluon.data.vision import transforms
from functools import partial
from gluoncv.utils import LRScheduler
from easydict import EasyDict as edict
from albumentations import Compose, Flip
from adaptis.engine.trainer import AdaptISTrainer, init_proposals_head
from adaptis.model.toy.models import get_unet_model
from adaptis.model.losses import NormalizedFocalLossSigmoid, NormalizedFocalLossSoftmax, AdaptISProposalsLossIoU
from adaptis.model.metrics import AdaptiveIoU
from adaptis.data.toy import ToyDataset
from adaptis.utils.exp import init_experiment
from adaptis.utils.log import logger
def add_exp_args(parser):
parser.add_argument('--dataset-path', type=str, help='Path to the dataset')
return parser
def init_model():
model_cfg = edict()
model_cfg.syncbn = True
model_cfg.input_normalization = {
'mean': [0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
'std': [0.5, 0.5, 0.5]
}
model_cfg.input_transform = transforms.Compose([
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize(model_cfg.input_normalization['mean'],
model_cfg.input_normalization['std']),
])
if args.ngpus > 1 and model_cfg.syncbn:
norm_layer = partial(mx.gluon.contrib.nn.SyncBatchNorm, num_devices=args.ngpus)
else:
norm_layer = mx.gluon.nn.BatchNorm
model = get_unet_model(norm_layer)
model.initialize(mx.init.Xavier(rnd_type='gaussian', magnitude=1), ctx=mx.cpu(0))
return model, model_cfg
def train(model, model_cfg, args, train_proposals, start_epoch=0):
loss_cfg = edict()
loss_cfg.instance_loss = NormalizedFocalLossSigmoid(alpha=0.50, gamma=2)
loss_cfg.instance_loss_weight = 1.0 if not train_proposals else 0.0
if not train_proposals:
num_epochs = 160
num_points = 12
loss_cfg.segmentation_loss = NormalizedFocalLossSoftmax(ignore_label=-1, gamma=1)
loss_cfg.segmentation_loss_weight = 0.75
else:
num_epochs = 10
num_points = 32
loss_cfg.proposals_loss = AdaptISProposalsLossIoU(args.batch_size)
loss_cfg.proposals_loss_weight = 1.0
args.val_batch_size = args.batch_size
args.input_normalization = model_cfg.input_normalization
train_augmentator = Compose([
Flip()
], p=1.0)
trainset = ToyDataset(
args.dataset_path,
split='train',
num_points=num_points,
augmentator=train_augmentator,
with_segmentation=True,
points_from_one_object=train_proposals,
input_transform=model_cfg.input_transform,
epoch_len=10000
)
valset = ToyDataset(
args.dataset_path,
split='test',
augmentator=None,
num_points=num_points,
with_segmentation=True,
points_from_one_object=train_proposals,
input_transform=model_cfg.input_transform
)
optimizer_params = {
'learning_rate': 5e-4,
'beta1': 0.9, 'beta2': 0.999, 'epsilon': 1e-8
}
if not train_proposals:
lr_scheduler = partial(LRScheduler, mode='cosine',
baselr=optimizer_params['learning_rate'],
nepochs=num_epochs)
else:
lr_scheduler = partial(LRScheduler, mode='cosine',
baselr=optimizer_params['learning_rate'],
nepochs=num_epochs)
trainer = AdaptISTrainer(args, model, model_cfg, loss_cfg,
trainset, valset,
optimizer='adam',
optimizer_params=optimizer_params,
lr_scheduler=lr_scheduler,
checkpoint_interval=40 if not train_proposals else 5,
image_dump_interval=200 if not train_proposals else -1,
train_proposals=train_proposals,
hybridize_model=not train_proposals,
metrics=[AdaptiveIoU()])
logger.info(f'Starting Epoch: {start_epoch}')
logger.info(f'Total Epochs: {num_epochs}')
for epoch in range(start_epoch, num_epochs):
trainer.training(epoch)
trainer.validation(epoch)
if __name__ == '__main__':
args = init_experiment('toy_v2', add_exp_args, script_path=__file__)
model, model_cfg = init_model()
train(model, model_cfg, args, train_proposals=False,
start_epoch=args.start_epoch)
init_proposals_head(model, args.ctx)
train(model, model_cfg, args, train_proposals=True)
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '8c9cbc301f497c80006f752d7bbb3d68220e6431d3cd1ba9ea13e2f2d60e5078'} |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="description" content="Here is our wonderful team of staff and open source GitHub contributors here at Ano.js! We deeply appreciate all of the web animations that have been contributed by our team, and we would like to recognize them here!">
<title>Ano.js - Our Team</title>
<%- include("blocks/imports.html") %>
</head>
<body>
<%- include("blocks/navbar.html") %>
<div class="page-container container">
<h1 class="header-secondary">Our Team</h1>
<!-- <h3 class="header-fourth">Top Contributors</h3>
<div class="top-contributors">
<% for (topContributor of contributors.slice(0, 3)) { %>
<div class="top-contributor">
<img class="contributor-avatar" src="<%= topContributor.avatar_url %>" alt="Anojs Open Source Contributor's Avatar'">
<a href="/our-team/<%= topContributor.login %>">
<h3 class="topContributor-name"><%= topContributor.login %></h3>
</a>
<small><%= topContributor.contributionCounter %> Contributions</small>
<small><%= topContributor.numberOfAnimations %> Animations</small>
</div>
<% } %>
</div> -->
<h3 class="contributors-header header-fourth pb-5 mt-5" style="position: relative;">
<span>Contributors</span>
<a href="/join-us" class="primary-cta-button" style="position: absolute; right: 0;">Become a Contributor!</a>
</h3>
<div class="contributors">
<% for (contributor of contributors) { %>
<div class="contributor">
<img class="contributor-avatar" src="<%= contributor.avatar_url %>" alt="Anojs Open Source Contributor's Avatar'">
<a href="https://github.com/<%= contributor.login %>">
<h5 class="contributor-name"><%= contributor.login %></h5>
</a>
<!-- <small><%= contributor.contributionCounter %> Contributions</small> -->
<!-- <small><%= topContributor.numberOfAnimations %> Animations</small> -->
</div>
<% } %>
</div>
</div>
<%- include("blocks/footer.html") %>
</body>
</html>
| the_stack | {'hexsha': '024bf5b9d2a6ef3d7c783c7f86d507b01cae082b', 'size': '2221', 'ext': 'html', 'lang': 'HTML', 'max_stars_repo_path': 'src/views/our-team.html', 'max_stars_repo_name': 'ano-js/anojs-web', 'max_stars_repo_head_hexsha': 'e6d5e50230ca1c4d550c90f40e9ded9e13fff361', 'max_stars_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_stars_count': '1', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_min_datetime': '2020-11-19T20:02:49.000Z', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_max_datetime': '2020-11-19T20:02:49.000Z', 'max_issues_repo_path': 'src/views/our-team.html', 'max_issues_repo_name': 'ano-js/anojs-web', 'max_issues_repo_head_hexsha': 'e6d5e50230ca1c4d550c90f40e9ded9e13fff361', 'max_issues_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_issues_count': '5', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_min_datetime': '2020-11-19T19:51:03.000Z', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_max_datetime': '2022-02-27T10:48:58.000Z', 'max_forks_repo_path': 'src/views/our-team.html', 'max_forks_repo_name': 'ano-js/anojs-web', 'max_forks_repo_head_hexsha': 'e6d5e50230ca1c4d550c90f40e9ded9e13fff361', 'max_forks_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_forks_count': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_max_datetime': '', 'avg_line_length': '45.3265306122', 'max_line_length': '256', 'alphanum_fraction': '0.5947771274', 'original_id': '14389e10bd998b35a6901ab1dcd53750a43b517a3cebe7ca836a015d125d327f'} |
#! /usr/bin/env python
# ex:ts=4:sw=4:sts=4:et
# -*- tab-width: 4; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
#
# BitBake Toaster Implementation
#
# Copyright (C) 2016 Intel Corporation
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
# published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
# with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
# 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
import os
import sys
import time
import unittest
from orm.models import Project, Release, ProjectTarget, Build
from bldcontrol.models import BuildEnvironment
from bldcontrol.management.commands.loadconf import Command\
as LoadConfigCommand
from bldcontrol.management.commands.runbuilds import Command\
as RunBuildsCommand
import subprocess
# We use unittest.TestCase instead of django.test.TestCase because we don't
# want to wrap everything in a database transaction as an external process
# (bitbake needs access to the database)
class BuildTest(unittest.TestCase):
PROJECT_NAME = "Testbuild"
def build(self, target):
# So that the buildinfo helper uses the test database'
self.assertEqual(
os.environ.get('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', ''),
'toastermain.settings-test',
"Please initialise django with the tests settings: "
"DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE='toastermain.settings-test'")
if self.target_already_built(target):
return
# Take a guess at the location of the toasterconf
poky_toaster_conf = '../../../meta-poky/conf/toasterconf.json'
oe_toaster_conf = '../../../meta/conf/toasterconf.json'
env_toaster_conf = os.environ.get('TOASTER_CONF')
config_file = None
if env_toaster_conf:
config_file = env_toaster_conf
else:
if os.path.exists(poky_toaster_conf):
config_file = poky_toaster_conf
elif os.path.exists(oe_toaster_conf):
config_file = oe_toaster_conf
self.assertIsNotNone(config_file,
"Default locations for toasterconf not found"
"please set $TOASTER_CONF manually")
# Setup the release information and default layers
print("\nImporting file: %s" % config_file)
os.environ['TOASTER_CONF'] = config_file
LoadConfigCommand()._import_layer_config(config_file)
os.environ['TOASTER_DIR'] = \
os.path.abspath(os.environ['BUILDDIR'] + "/../")
os.environ['BBBASEDIR'] = \
subprocess.check_output('which bitbake', shell=True)
BuildEnvironment.objects.get_or_create(
betype=BuildEnvironment.TYPE_LOCAL,
sourcedir=os.environ['TOASTER_DIR'],
builddir=os.environ['BUILDDIR']
)
release = Release.objects.get(name='local')
# Create a project for this build to run in
try:
project = Project.objects.get(name=BuildTest.PROJECT_NAME)
except Project.DoesNotExist:
project = Project.objects.create_project(
name=BuildTest.PROJECT_NAME,
release=release
)
ProjectTarget.objects.create(project=project,
target=target,
task="")
build_request = project.schedule_build()
# run runbuilds command to dispatch the build
# e.g. manage.py runubilds
RunBuildsCommand().runbuild()
build_pk = build_request.build.pk
while Build.objects.get(pk=build_pk).outcome == Build.IN_PROGRESS:
sys.stdout.write("\rBuilding %s %d%%" %
(target,
build_request.build.completeper()))
sys.stdout.flush()
time.sleep(1)
self.assertNotEqual(build_request.build.outcome,
Build.SUCCEEDED, "Build did not SUCCEEDED")
print("\nBuild finished")
return build_request.build
def target_already_built(self, target):
""" If the target is already built no need to build it again"""
for build in Build.objects.filter(
project__name=BuildTest.PROJECT_NAME):
targets = build.target_set.values_list('target', flat=True)
if target in targets:
return True
return False
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/prakhya/luv_sai/blob/master/bitbake/lib/toaster/tests/builds/buildtest.py', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'MIT', 'date': '', 'title': 'luv_sai', 'creator': 'prakhya', 'language': 'Python', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '423', 'token_count': '1318', '__index_level_0__': '39266', 'original_id': 'd79c2f2175ce2469d368b8ed69455020b2a6fdf391cdea022e38fcbf7cfc1dc4'} |
Dolichol-phosphate mannose synthase: structure, function and regulation.
Glycosylation is the major modification of proteins, and alters their structures, functions and localizations. Glycosylation of secretory and surface proteins takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells and is classified into four modification pathways, namely N- and O-linked glycosylations, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor and C-mannosylation. These modifications are accomplished by sequential addition of single monosaccharides (O-linked glycosylation and C-mannosylation) or en bloc transfer of lipid-linked oligosaccharides (N-linked glycosylation and GPI) onto the proteins. The glycosyltransferases involved in these glycosylations are categorized into two classes based on the type of sugar donor, namely nucleotide-sugars and dolichol-phosphate-sugars, in which the sugar moiety is mannose or glucose. The sugar transfer from dolichol-phosphate-sugars occurs exclusively on the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum and is utilized in all four glycosylation pathways. In this review, we focus on the biosynthesis of dolichol-phosphate-mannose, and particularly on the mammalian enzyme complex involved in the reaction. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd23443b91cae8d452e1d2ec1404ed78c563d191f0c2cae61ea6c2e0fc2f70970'} |
It's a question that's been thrown around for a while, but after the full unveiling of Marvel's Avengers, there's obviously some renewed interest. Is Insomniac's PlayStation 4 exclusive Marvel's Spider-Man connected to Crystal Dynamics' newly revealed superhero title? Common sense says no, but IGN has found an interesting little through-line between the two games.
In Spider-Man, when you snap the Landmark photo of Avengers Tower, the red and blue hero will comment on the whereabouts of the group of heroes. He offhandedly speculates they're "probably on the west coat right now, probably surfing or something". In the new trailer for Marvel's Avengers, the heroes are celebrating A-Day on... Yep, the west coast. "Hello, San Francisco!" Iron Man exclaims.
So, it turns out Spidey was right. But does this mean the games share a universe? If you ask us, this is unlikely to be anything more than a hint from Insomniac regarding the new game from Square Enix. We're sure the development teams have had conversations, or at least been kept informed by Marvel Games, the company overseeing all of this. The fact Sony has exclusive rights to Spider-Man games means an appearance in Marvel's Avengers is doubtful, although Square Enix has said that PS4 owners can look forward to some exclusive content. Perhaps Insomniac's Spidey will be a PlayStation-only playable character?
Nothing is confirmed here, but it's an interesting Easter egg nonetheless. What do you think? Are the two games connected, or is this simply a throwaway reference? Do you think it could just be a coincidence? Put your analyser hats on in the comments below. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.949171245098114}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '110883', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:QDVT5CYYUAE6VFTT3HQWYTKDCPA6RGKU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:41cfc1de-98ce-4e82-a308-44777d737cb0>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 25, 21, 35, 48), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.67.72.60', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:Q33YCWR7HDFAXZ2FHHAZMM2UQLYPNNEZ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6889a727-3796-41eb-81b7-d7992730c8d5>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.pushsquare.com/news/2019/06/rumour_subtle_easter_egg_suggests_marvels_avengers_and_spider-man_ps4_are_connected', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f8189f2e-e090-4018-8ea7-9cc39a6ea303>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '264', 'url': 'https://www.pushsquare.com/news/2019/06/rumour_subtle_easter_egg_suggests_marvels_avengers_and_spider-man_ps4_are_connected', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-43\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.01956939697265625', 'original_id': '43d810aacc99b9eb1a1e4595c5655c21805e7ae6858c819e286ba687a115ce2b'} |
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Dennis Hingsberg
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Dennis Hingsberg last won the day on January 29 2016
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About Dennis Hingsberg
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1. 3-4 of these: Lithonia Metal Halide lights - $327, 1500w each.
2. Sekonic L-508 zoom master is a great meter you can get one used for very little. Features a spot meter as well as incident which can be handle if you want to measure reflectivity vs incident (light falling on meter).
3. Agree with Robin here, look at the data rates and you'll be pleasantly surprised to learn 4444 is actually larger than Sony's 3:1 RAW, or you can have X-CON 30% or 60% smaller than Sony 3:1 RAW but still 16-bit linear. 60p max is only for this sensor block shipping in February. After, there will be HFR block and possible much more: monochrome, HDR, low-light, whatever the demand is... Sony can do it, the block is user swappable and can be done in the field, not a clean facility like RED. Also about the extra licenses for FF $6K and Ana $4K USD - those are permanent license prices, temporary licenses will be much less let's assume. Camera is $45K for body, $11k for R7 and 1TB media, $5k for OLED VF.
4. Had a lot of fun as co-producer, DP and colorist on this short film titled ITCH! Synopsis: A man with an uncontrollable ITCH on his hand goes through increasingly extreme measures to get rid of it. Writer/Director: Sean Patrick Kelly Producers: Dennis Hingsberg, Sean Patrick Kelly Editor: Jonathan Chiovitti Music score: Everett Dungeon Colorist: Dennis Hingsberg As mentioned, I was the producer, DP, and colorist on this short film (runtime 4 minutes) and it was shot on the Sony PMW-F55 in 16-bit 4K RAW. It was colored in DaVinci Resolve on my custom built Mac using the AVID Artist surface controller and a Flanders Scientific CM171 monitor. There's also a fan page with a ton of behind the scenes photos and funny stuff if anyone is interested, or wants to like the fan page for future updates: https://www.facebook.com/ItchFilmSKProductions/
5. For ratios I use the Sekonic Zoom Master L-508 which has great features yet isn't overly "electronic" like the L-758 which Mark has stated.
6. Yes if you shoot RAW on RED or BMD cameras you can adjust metadata later in post from 800 to 400 which is -1 stop, or 800 to 200 which is -2 stops, and get what you need. As a side note; if you shoot non-RAW you can use plugins that adjust exposure in proper stops, or 3D LUTs that adjust exposure, or of course you can just use offset wheel in Davinci Resolve. When you increase exposure in post it will always decrease the signal-to-noise ratio which means you increase noise. So as others have mentioned it is can be better to overexpose slightly (even with a low-key scene) than to underexpose it. My fear of lowering exposure in-camera by 1-2 stops is you have to be 100% sure your exposure is right on because if you need to increase exposure you are in trouble. I don't think Blackmagic has any built in tools to allow you do preview 400 ISO while recording 800 ISO, so you can use an external monitor with a -1 stop exposure LUT loaded on it, or for a poor man's method you can put a 1 stop ND filter on your lens and set exposure and then before you are about to record take off the ND filter. This is a good trick until you forget to take the ND filter off before pressing record :)
7. I know for clean blacks rating the camera ISO one stop lower is going to yield a 6db improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio. So also if you expose at key and bring it down in post you will get improvement. Right? Hence I'm wondering if DP's prefer to either 1.) actually record the way they want to image to look (ie. in-camera with say 2 stops underexposed from key light) which then means you're getting the camera rated signal-to-noise ratio, or 2.) shoot properly exposed for key and bring the image down in post which technically increases the signal-to-noise ratio and improves the noise/grain from the first option. If the camera has an exposure index feature or loadable LUT's (where you would load a -1 or -2 stop LUT) then it's easy to work with seeing the image 2 stops under exposed whilst actually recording it at normal exposure, and later lowering it in post for that improved clean black. Thoughts?
8. Thanks for replies. I don't know why I assumed it would plug into 120v 15 amp circuit. Knew something was missing from my assumption, glad I asked. In the meantime seller advised it has 60 amp stage pin.
9. Hi, Was looking at getting an old 4K HMI off a local company. It's a Stand Sirio 4K HMI frensel with Quartzcolor magnetic ballast. Model 2080 if I remember correctly. Apparently it's 120 volts, but how can it be a 4Kw in power if max per circuit is 15 amps, or around 2000 watts? Lastly, anything to look out for when buying such aged equipment? Moreso the ballast I'd be worried about. Cheers, thanks,
10. I'd sort of say that a lot of the "look" is coming from grading. Put the original frame with Ben Affleck on some scopes the dark side of his face is 12% IRE and bright side under 40%. Here's what the original shot might have looked like before grading:
11. Downscaling 4K 8-bit to 2K will not increase the bit depth. Basically think of 8-bit as only having 256 levels of grey, the resolution doesn't matter, after any resolution scaling it will still only have 256 levels of grey. Having said that, I've shot with the Sony F3 a lot to internal cards which was 8-bit and as long as your exposure is good you can still have a little room in post to color the footage and do a little style grading. The natural lighting there does look pretty good as it is.
12. Judging from the trailer mentioned by David, I'd say get those overhead flo's in the shot and make sure they have a slight magenta cast, and make anything that's suppose to be white, tinted teal. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLt6djxhNe8
13. Here's one I had bookmarked: www.vimeo.com/39856572
14. I also agree with others, the steampunk set video doesn't really go a long way of showing the nature in variety of shadows created by various diffusion materials. In fact I'm quite sure the camera was on the exact same axis as the light itself, except the light was raised. Overall just too hard to see any shadow qualities, speaking for myself anyway. Mark that Don McVey link is pretty good on the other hand, thanks for sharing.
15. I realize it's not "like for like" but just saying in agreement (and realizing now) with David that you can end up with varying looks just based on a transfer method alone. Here's what is maybe a cleaner "original" before the more recent color? Maybe not.
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Atún Aleta Amarilla | Yellowfin Tuna
Atún Aleta Amarilla | Yellowfin Tuna
Common Name: Atún Aleta Amarilla, Yellowfin Tuna
Binomial Nomenclature: Thunnus Albacares
Culinary Use: It’s more flavorful than albacore, but leaner than bluefin. The meat is bright red in its raw state but, when cooked, turns brown to grayish-tan, firm and moist, with large flakes. Yellowfin is also served raw as sashimi and in sushi.
Medicinal Use: The anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids can help reduce blood pressure.
Fun Fact: Ancient Greeks considered this elusive fish a great delicacy and admired it for its large size as well as its fierce fight when caught. The Incas and other South American civilizations along the Pacific favored this same catch, which they called Xatunkama. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8926306366920471}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '63278', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:H6IXQNDDPLOJ4RR3UWFXWRMGFTW5WHFW', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:624c1018-d026-4330-b802-b1de952f3bad>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 9, 27, 6, 8, 25), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.227.38.64', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:ALFDG35BFQD5NTD3NVRR7AHYYLKKFEZA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:cf8b8e0b-54a0-4c1a-8917-9f4da5cc7592>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.oriundopr.com/blogs/ingredients/atun-aleta-amarilla-yellowfin-tuna', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:978383b0-bd23-407d-b5c3-29d46c3986e5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '119', 'url': 'https://www.oriundopr.com/blogs/ingredients/atun-aleta-amarilla-yellowfin-tuna', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-40\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-232.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02096545696258545', 'original_id': '5d7b70c7c46eb692c70461d9705946eb3301e5694a638a39746ccfc64bf283be'} |
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (KRQE) – New information is pointing rescue crews in a new direction as they continue their search for a missing hiker. Gibran Hernandez-Avila, 40, has not been seen since he went on a hike in the Sandia Mountains on Sunday. He sent his family a video of himself on the La Luz Trail around 6 p.m. that day and that was the last they heard from him.
All week searchers had been looking along the La Luz Trail for Hernandez-Avila but further interviews revealed he did make it to the top of the trail even sending family members photos before the sunset. Cell phone data is now showing Hernandez-Avila did not sop hiking when he reached the top of the La Luz. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '1089b33a2de7ff594cd3c79d29e44215830330703e67eebaf52d8811e1dfc273'} |
Want to try this Exercise?
Watch course trailer Get Started
• Software:Blender 2.81 ·
• Difficulty:Beginner
Time to build your own little world
Using what you've learned in the Fundamentals of 3D Mesh Modeling, create a low poly room. It can be from your imagination, based on a real room in your current house, or inspired by artwork you've seen online. It could be a bedroom like my example, a kitchen, an attic, a space ship cockpit, or a factory.
You can start with the file provided in the download button above or make your own from scratch!
Whatever it is that you decide to create, take your time and make it great!
You can make the objects as detailed or as simple as you'd like, but I want you to add a lot of objects so that you get practice creating a variety of shapes. Look at reference to find objects that you might otherwise forget - things like baseboards, electrical outlets, door hinges, power cords, or light switches.
Don't get too caught up on any one piece of the puzzle.
If you find yourself spending a lot of time trying to make one object perfect, take a step back and think how you can simplify the whole thing. Can you represent the shape with just primitives? Would it be easier to think of it as several objects stuck together instead of one connected object? You'll soon find that most things that look complex are really just collections of many simple pieces. You can model a lot more things than you think you can.
If you genuinely get stuck on how to model an object that you really want to include in your scene, ask for help below or post your progress to the community! Include a screenshot or two of how you've already attempted to go about it.
Proportions, proportions, proportions.
The biggest stumbling block for beginner artists is incorrectly eyeballing the size of things. It's not required that you use real world scale for every object in this exercise, but you may find that doing so may drastically improve the quality of your render.
Exercise Criteria
To pass, your submission must meet these standards:
• There should be at least 30 to 50 individual objects in the scene
• Each object must appear to have correct proportions
• The final render must be at least 1280 x 720 p
You will be graded based on quantity, quality, and creativity. Even if you're exactly replicating an existing room, you can still use your creativity to decide what to include, what to exclude, and how you tie it all together!
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WoW Insider has the latest on the Mists of Pandaria!
The Queue: Oops, my bad
The Queue Oops, my bad
Welcome back to The Queue, the daily Q&A column in which the WoW Insider team answers your questions about the World of Warcraft. Anne Stickney (@Shadesogrey) is pretty much woefully behind when it comes to hunters.
My apologies to hunters. It appears that my answer in a previous Queue was entirely off, as many of you (many, many of you) pointed out. Unfortunately hunters are not my main class, and the last time I played a hunter with regularity, I had a mana bar, an axe, and a macro that went something like #showtooltip Steady Shot /castsequence reset=3 Steady Shot, !Auto Shot.
Yes, it has been a long time, thank you.
Joey4 asked:
Hello my question is I thought voljin was a hunter, when did he become a shaman?
Vol'jin's actually a Shadow Hunter -- it's a hero class from Warcraft III. They're pretty much a hybrid of hunter and shaman, able to do both at the same time. Will we ever see that class in game? That ... is highly doubtful, because it's a mix of two classes that already exist. And if one could play a hunter, a shaman, or both at the same time, I suspect many would be choosing the play both option.
amaxewardiary asked:
Did monks pick up a running buff in 5.1? I noticed I'm running faster (110%) but I can't find anything on my abilities to explain why I have it.
Yep! Stance of the Fierce Tiger now gives you a 10% boost to movement speed. It was added in 5.1.
Alyrae_NATL asked:
Question: Do you have to complete Chapter I of Wrathion's questline to access Chapter II?
Yes. Sort of. Part of Chapter II involves gaining more reputation with Wrathion, and that kicked in as soon as 5.1 did -- killing any of the opposing faction's NPCs in Krasarang will give you reputation with the Black Prince. You just don't get the quest where you need to get revered with Wrathion until after you've completed the first section of the storyline. I'd recommend finishing Chapter I anyway, just because you get to have another chat with Wrathion, and Tong fixes up a mean platter of fish to munch on while you listen.
I like Tong. He's good at everything. I hope exalted means that Tong will make us secret special best friend bracelets or something.
adamjgp1 asked:
Is there a way to get the whole story of MoP without doing all the quests? I know that sounds like a stupid question, but when I play WoW, I really just want to play with friends. Do some raids, some PvP, maybe some dungeons. When leveling in MoP I found that I was really starting to enjoy the story, but once I hit 90 all my motivation to do quests disappeared.
Um ... no. Think of it this way -- your character is traveling through the world. Your character is, unfortunately, not psychic, and therefore needs to actually go do all the things in order to learn stuff. I would suggest completing the quests just because I think the story is really good, but you don't have to do them all now. You can do them a bit at a time as you feel like it. Plus, the gold you get from quests and from getting rid of quest rewards is pretty good.
Alternatively, you could wait until the end of the Mists expansion, at which point I may do a Lore for Dummies recap of the expansion, if people seem interested in that!
lady.goblinade asked:
Q4tQ: For the "A Test of Valor" achieve that Wrathion is looking for, can we continue to get VP for it after we hit the weekly cap, or do we need to wait for the reset to get more?
That is currently unknown because we're only in the first week of the patch, but I'm going to say no, it's not likely that you can. This is largely because once you've hit that valor cap, you stop being rewarded valor for boss fights and daily quests -- so there's nothing to add to the total. Unfortunately, you'll have to earn your valor the lengthy way.
stolcard asked:
Q4tQ: what's the lore reasoning why pandarens cant be paladins?
The Queue Oops, my bad
Pretty much that.
codexreaper asked:
Q4tQ: Is is just me, or was there no actual 5.1 trailer from Blizz? I'm used to seeing one come out every patch, and I was more than a bit surprised when one never showed up...perhaps there was just not enough new content to justify one?
There was not! It was stated that patch trailers were going to be reserved for really big patches that add really big content. However, when you begin your adventures in Krasarang, each faction gets their own mini-cutscene -- you could consider that a trailer of sorts.
@undeadgoat asked via Twitter:
So I basically realized I do Shieldwall out of love for my king. Why in the world do Horde do Dominance Offensive?
Because we would very much not like to be brutally murdered for treason. Oh, and I guess some people really dig doing stuff for Garrosh, too.
ialdabaothwtf asked:
Q4tQ: Has there been any recent news from the Devs on whether they will ever allow you to transmog between weapon types, such a 1H Axe to 1H Sword, in the same way hunters can transmog their ranged weapons? I am surprised this hasn't happened yet, as there seems to be no technical reason to disallow it, and gives you another tool to customize your character.
Nothing from the devs, but there were some quiet changes made to some weapons that have gone from off-hand to one-hand, allowing players to use them on their main hand weapon. Before the patch, I couldn't use my really awesome Claw of Celebras on my Gara'kal, but after the patch, now I can do so. Hooray for Wolverine claws!
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Art of Blizzard Gallery Opening | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '52', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9664654731750488}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '57408', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:BDUHINZGSSYFHPNK2XB7XLVCTPCNYW2L', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6b07dc5b-c203-451e-8955-494efb2aa62e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 25, 4, 10, 42), 'WARC-IP-Address': '64.12.245.1', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WETGFDOPJ2YSYD6JWSOLD4BCCFAOO3CR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ad9296dd-522b-42d4-ba0b-736559c98153>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://wow.joystiq.com/2012/12/01/the-queue-oops-my-bad/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:06c5c44c-af17-4c15-bb7f-17243e16a79a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1081', 'url': 'http://wow.joystiq.com/2012/12/01/the-queue-oops-my-bad/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-180-212-252.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-06\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for January 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2689935564994812', 'original_id': '77ed5cfd97a1e849aeccc54d165d802e49c4d74d2283e41678d476061677e5b9'} |
A pilot study of EUS-guided through-the-needle forceps biopsy (with video).
In EUS-guided FNA (EUS-FNA), small-caliber needles are preferable for optimal cytologic yield, whereas large ones are preferable when histologic specimens are needed. Because of the rigidity and friction induced by its large caliber, however, technical limitation does exist in a 19-gauge FNA needle. Recent development of miniature biopsy forceps enables EUS-guided through-the-needle forceps biopsy (EUS-TTNFB). The aim of this study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of EUS-TTNFB. Eighteen sessions of EUS-TTNFB in 17 patients with solid lesions were performed by using a 0.75-mm biopsy forceps through a 19-gauge FNA needle. Technical feasibility, safety, and diagnostic yield of EUS-TTNFB were retrospectively studied. A total of 49 passes, a median of 3 passes per session, were performed, and the needle puncture, advancement and removal of the biopsy forceps, and subsequent EUS-FNA were technically successful in all patients. No adverse events were observed other than one case with hyperamylasemia without pancreatitis. Macroscopic histologic core by EUS-TTNFB was obtained at a rate of 71% per pass. The tissue acquisition rate by EUS-TTNFB alone was 67% per pass and 100% per session. When EUS-TTNFB and subsequent EUS-FNA were combined, the tissue acquisition rate was 94% per pass. The accuracy of combined EUS-TTNFB and EUS-FNA to diagnose malignancy was 88% per pass and 94% per session. With a single pass of EUS-TTNFB and EUS-FNA, the tissue acquisition rate was 89%, and the accuracy to diagnose malignancy was 83%. EUS-TTNFB was safe and technically feasible and provided additional tissue acquisition with a single puncture of a 19-gauge FNA needle. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '86fa4252c464582a36f3505e703bc2f099411fba65d029eee376d2dd4df40602'} |
Mass Hysteria
Nick Mistopoulos
Witch Trials
The Salem witch trials started in the spring of 1692. The first person convicted was Bridget Bishop. She was hanged not long after she was convicted and 18 more joined her over the rest of the year. Around 150 more people were convicted of being witches but after 19 people hanged, the publics opinion about witchcraft had changed. The charges on the rest of the people were nullified.
Big image
Hysteria in Ferguson Riots
After Michael Brown had died people started riots. After some people started smashing windows and looting stores other people joined in because they felt safer with many. They all had the mob mentality. This is connected to the witch trials because all of the girls that were accusing people felt safer if they all accused the same person. The people in the riots and in the witch trials felt they couldn't get caught if they weren't the only one.
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Translate my blog
Thursday, 26 September 2013
I think I have been counting the days wrong, unsure exactly what day it is, so don't quote me!
So! Aside from school, what has been going on?? Well the most interesting topic would be the Fiesta that was on this weekend! I know that this sparks a bit of jealousy in some :p to put it simply, it was AWESOME! The best party I have ever been to!! (Unfortunately i don't have photos, i didn't want my Iphone to be stolen) In New Zealand, yeah they party but they don't know HOW to party! They talk, they drink. Here it is much the same, but so much more! The night started off at 10pm, we caught the train to Barcelona with sooo many people I thought the train might not manage to close the doors. People were cramped into every corner, with their faces smooshed up against the windows! Luckily, the trip only took 20 minutes! Arriving in Barcelona I followed the sound of the music along with my bunch of friends (around 15) and we found our way to the party! At first we just sat down in the centre square of Barcelona, sure there were HEAPS of people, talking, having fun, and music was playing, but I thought to myself "is this it?" Haha! Luckily I didn't say anything because my friends said, "right, lets get into the party!" Which was a huge concert! Thousands and thousands of people, together in a massive mosh pit! Boy it was crazy, the atmosphere was amazing! I had never seen so many teenagers and young people together in one place! Now dancing might not be everyone's thing, but I was born with something in me that lives to dance!! I was keen to join with the city and move with the music!
So I followed my friends into the crowd and we lost ourselves in the Spanish and English music! I loved the feeling of letting everything go! I simply danced, and everything was A.O.K :) The people I was with were from my school and friends of friends haha. They proved to be great company, treating me like one of them :) at one point I was minding my own business , just dancing, when someone starts to chant my name. Apparently I was ripping out some fancy moves?? They were loving my dancing and thought it was a cool idea to form a circle and scream my name, oh I could have died!! In my mind I was paralysed with embarrassment but my body just kept dancing hahaha and I laughed it all off, pretending that I was off in my world! (I did feel pretty awesome :p)
And that was it, for hours! We danced with friends, made new ones and nothing could bring us down :p it all sounds so crazy and probably cheesy, but seriously, you just had to be there. I Finally got to bed at 6am, I think I did my fair share of exercise for the day. Ahh, I just can't wait for the next fiesta! Wishing that there was a fiesta every week! Unfortunately, the next is not for a couple months :/ oh well, at least I still have music and I can have my own song and dance party in the shower! Oh Barcelona, how I love you.
Saturday, 21 September 2013
So I decided to leave writing for a whole so that I would have more to talk about (I know some of you already think this is waay too long :p) but I don't have that much really. Mostly, all I have to talk about is school. Where do I start with school??
Well first of all, it feels like a cage or a prison. Hahaha I know, a bit drastic, but compared to mountainview high school back in Timaru, it really does feel that way. The first things you see are a big, brick building, surrounded by a big brick wall and a locked, black gate that is the only entrance, and exit. To add to the beauty of the school, the brick fence has graffiti as a nice decoration.
When school begins (at 8.10am) the gates are unlocked and a huge mob of students cram inside the doors. To get to my classes I have to push my way up some stairs and down a long, rather narrow, corridor. The classrooms aren't much to describe, a medium sized room with desks for the students (around 30), a desk for the teacher, a couple of rubbish bins, and a smart board/chalkboard. The windows in the school are placed high on the walls, when we arrive in the morning there a thick, metal blinds pulled down over them. I don't know whether this is for security or what - possibly, they do not want the students to get distracted by the outside world (the brick fence). I must say that I took mountainview and it's mountain views for granted! Even though I always did appreciate the gorgeous rose garden in summer and the neatly trimmed hedges. I think I miss waiting outside in the fresh air for a teacher to let us into class.
Mountainview
Another...interesting, perhaps, thing about the school is the toilets. They are in a very narrow room, and you have to grab a few pieces of toilet paper before you enter the cubicle. Most of the toilets did not have toilet seats, just a toilet bowl? I believe that you are not allowed to go to the toilet during class time but I don't know about during breaks, because when I attempted to go to the toilet, they were locked.
In New Zealand I only took Spanish, photography, English, history and physical education.
The schedule here is:
Begin 8.10pm
2 hours of classes.
A 25 minute break.
2 hours of classes.
A 15 minute break.
2 hours if classes.
Finish 2.50pm
This means we have an extra hour of school compared to nz and I have to get up at 6.30am to walk to school. Boy does it drag on! 7 hours of barely understanding a word. I do nothing in class except listen, and I feel utterly exhausted by the time school finishes.
Something strange I discovered was that the teachers did not know who I was or what I was doing at the school. They would talk to me very fast in Catalan or Spanish and I would not understand a word. When I told them I didn't understand they were very confused as to why I was at their school. There were a few embarrassing moments where they would ask me a question and I would just nod and agree and the class would all laugh at me...awkward!
I can honestly say that this is the most challenging situation I have ever experienced! My brain works over time, having to wake up at 6.30am , trying to work in 2 languages all day and only getting to sleep at 11pm because dinner is around 9pm and my family are night owls.
I would say that my main escape here is listening to music. Although, thanks to my friend Katie they are mainly super intense remixs and my sisters body jam songs. The people here are nice. I feel as though I am a bit of a fly, following them around rather than being part of the group at this stage, but isn't that what you would expect? The language barrier of course is against me, but some students do speak a little English. I hope I pick this language thing up sooner rather than later as it sure is hard to join in these girls fast talking, giggly conversations. Ahhh, time for sleep before my head explodes ! :p
Thursday, 12 September 2013
So today is the 7th day of my life in Spain. Wow, that's a whole week! It feels as though the time went so quick but yet I'm convinced that I haven't seen my family for at least a month. I must admit I am missing my family, boyfriend and friends... Already. How embarrassing haha. But to be honest I know that they are already missing me too, cute guys!
So on Tuesday (10/9/13) I met someone new, I made my first friend :O my host dad arranged it which was nice. Her name is Cris and I met her and her friend at their school and we caught the bus to the mall they have here in castelldefels (called Anec Blau). At the mall we were on a mission to buy a SIM card, because I couldn't buy one the other day without my pass port. Cris speaks a little bit of English (which is good and bad) and so we communicated using a mixture if English and Spanish. I had a really nice time with them showing me the good stores and talking about the fashion here in Spain. At the moment, the "in" thing is... Crop tops and very short shorts. All the girls like to show their body! What would their mum's say?! Oh wait, their mums are doing it too, don't worry haha.
I didn't buy any clothes but I did buy a yo yo! Not the toy but a yoghurt ice cream that Cristina highly recommended! It cost about $5 and I could choose 3 toppings, there were so many , I wanted to try them all!! But, in the end, I chose Oreo and toblerone pieces and Ferrero rochere chocolate sauce - however you spell that. Omg it was amazing! I better not have too many of those!
Above is the "yo-yo" :)
On the Tuesday I also had my first hockey practice with my new team. I couldn't bring my stick with my from New Zealand so all I had was a stick that was too short for me. If you want to know what that's like, it's similar to playing rugby with tiny hands... I guess haha. The practice went from 6.45pm till 8.30pm, in Nz that would be considered very late but I soon discovered why it was held at that time. Because it was still so hot!! If the practice was any earlier I probably would have died. No joke. Conveniently, I left my drink bottle at home and so I looked terribly unfit because I was then dying from the hey and thirst. So my coach said I had to drink from the toilet... Sink! Man, who do you think I am! :p the water was gross as it was warm and I really didn't trust it!
During the lesson it was sometimes hard to pick up what the coach was saying and one girl got really annoyed when I did things wrong. That amused me. My next practice is tomorrow at 5.20-7, which will probably be even hotter. Hopefully I can find a better stick!
So yesterday, Wednesday 11/9/13 I was going to try wake boarding! Wooo! And also see the beach for the first time :3 buut the weather decided against me. It thought it would be rather funny to rain again, like seriously rain, thunder and everything. So I was stuck inside for the day with not much to do. I couldn't even watch the tv! Well I could but I soon got bored of not understanding anything at all, not even Mickey Mouse on Disney channel. So to save the day, my friend invited me to go to the mall again! :) I went with my family to meet Cristina and her family at the mall. Apparently, castelldefels is as small as Timaru but still manages to have a big mall! But I don't believe that castelldefels could be that small. Anyway, Cristina and her family are so lovely! I love them already . Cristina, her mum and I went shopping and I bought two shirts and matching jeans (for me and Cristina - not her mum). I think this was the first time I felt really content with my new life. I think this was due to the fact that I made a good friend and she could understand me (age wise and also speaking - in English and I'm Spanish). Sadly, she does not go to my school but I'm sure we will remain great friends throughout my exchange here :3 Today we are going on a frappe date! She read the back of my phone which says that I love them and so decided that we must have one! Of course, I agreed.
So in these past few days I have said good bye to my old life (for 10 months) and have said hello to my new life. I left New Zealand on the 5th of September, saying Good bye to my parents and boyfriend at the domestic flight (which made me look stupid for crying). It was so sad saying good bye, even though i knew they would still be there when i got back. In auckland, I got on a plane to start the so-called journey of a lifetime. The first flight to Melbourne was fine (4 hours) there was 2 of us afs'ers sitting together (Hugo and I) and we had 3 seats between the two of us which made for a semi comfortable flight. But I was wrong to think that the next flight might be half as comfortable at least. The flight to Dubai was, to put it lightly, horrible. It lasted for 13 hours and the sleeping pills didn't help. Seeing Dubai ( the tiniest part of it) was awesome, straight away you could see the differences in their life compared to ours in New Zealand. I wish I could have seen more! On the positive side, I got to watch 3 movies that I had wanted to watch for a while ( monsters inc university, totally worth it)
On my arrival in Spain (madrid)I had so many emotions , like 'am I really here??' And 'oh my gosh, I'm really here!!' I felt so happy and sad at the same time. Wow I couldn't describe it if I tried. I then met the other AFS Spain students and we went to a hotel to stay the night before departing to meet our host families I had no idea that there were so many students going to Spain, there were maybe around 50. I was so unbelievably tired on my first day in Spain that I thought I would pass out, that or throw up. Unfortunately I could not sleep until the orientation (rules and stuff) was done. I think the worst thing that i discovered was that my feet swelled up so much from the flights! They were so big and pink, they looked like they had grown 3 sizes and they ached so much! I was very very thankful to collapse onto the hotel room bed (despite the fact that it was so hard it felt like I was sleeping on a table).
On my second day in Spain I travelled by train to meet my host family, I was very nervous, not about them liking me but about my lack of ability to speak Spanish (or Catalan) turns out that yes, it was worse than I thought :p they speak so fast , and here, in Barcelona, they generally speak Catalan which I didn't learn and they also have a lisp. This means that even if I do know the word I cannot recognise it with their lisp present. But boy are they lovely people! I am so glad to have them as my new family, they are so accommodating and kind. My host dad speaks English quite well which is good and bad. On arrival at their house (our house - sounds weird) we spoke or attempted to speak before having dinner at 9 and then I went to sleep in my new bedroom, new bed ( which to my dismay was just as hard as the previous bed in Madrid) many thoughts were running through my head but I soon drifted off to the sound if rain ( it rarely rains in Spain, but it conveniently did on the day I arrived).
Yesterday my dad and my sister, along with our neighbours (two boys my age) went wakeboardin, in the Olympic canal. I went with them but I only watched this time. I know, what a wussy! But I have 10 months here, I will try it sometime soon. It looked very fun and the weather was lovely. Everyone had shorts and singlets on, showing their tan bodies. I am so white! I joked about looking like an albino here but I seriously do look like an albino. :/ mama Mia! The Mosquitos like me here too so I have white legs with red spots, arrg. Not ideal.
For dinner, again at 9, we had rice, chicken and a nice sauce that I don't know the name of. It was different but very nice :) I hope we go out for tapas or something some time soon because I had them in a Mexican restaurant once and they were amazing!
Today we are about to have lunch, rice, tomato, Tuna, cucumber and mango, a very weird mixture but I will give it a go :p we have been shopping to get shampoo etc and also a SIM card for my phone, apparently you need a passport to buy a SIM card? Strange. Navigating around castelldefels (my town) will be difficult I believe, it just looks so confusing with lots and lots Of little streets in all directions but the town itself is beautiful :)
Sorry for the long post , but if you are reading this you have hopefully read it all! Thanks :p ahh this is amazing :)
About Me
Hey everyone! This blog is all about my adventures as an exchange student in Spain, Barcelona! You will read about the good, the bad and everything in between, so I hope you enjoy reading about my experiences :) | mini_pile | {'original_id': '1c88bba5394dc3ed1117f7cc57653810f3d6317d2cc53b1bb0c5a14ae7c75374'} |
core
extra
community
community-testing
multilib
testing
xyne-x86_64
multilib-testing
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Newest Sermons
Contributed on Jan 27, 2002
based on 17 ratings
| 1,268 views
Biblical hope is the only way for us that believe.
God’s Word
I don’t know how other people feel sometimes, but sometimes I feel like just throwing in the towel. At times I just get tired of listening to the rest of the world and want to dwell on my own thoughts and just sort of tune people out of my life. I don’t guess you’ve ever thought
...read more
Contributed on Jul 19, 2001
based on 33 ratings
| 1,184 views
We can know the Bible front to back and still not personally know Jesus as Lord.It’s a personal relationship that binds us to Christ.
God wants you any way you are
A few years ago we were studying the Book of Revelation in a church where I was pastoring. I have studied it before and taught it before, but now it has an all new impact and meaning. For a reason I will
...read more
Contributed on Jul 16, 2001
based on 65 ratings
| 2,189 views
Very little is preached on today about Satan and His Demons. If Jesus took them serious, so should we.
Satan and his Demons
I remember a few years back when I was a pastor at a church in a county just a few miles from here. God allowed us the privilege of extending his ministry through the radio. One thing that was prevalent whenever we ministered about Satan or
...read more
Contributed on Jul 1, 2001
based on 61 ratings
| 3,336 views
God does not or will not surrender to the every desire of man, He chooses to work in his own Glory, and will continue to do so. Amen
“God’s Way”
The Lord says, “My thoughts are not like your thoughts. Your ways are not like my ways. Just as the Heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways and my thoughts higher than your thoughts.”( Isaiah 55:8-9.) If God allows me to live till November of this
...read more
Contributed on Jul 1, 2001
based on 38 ratings
| 1,821 views
Never let us assume that we are in control of our lives, because God has the final answer.
A Word from God
What I am about to share with each of you this week, to some might seem odd, unreal or unbelievable and many will acknowledge it to something just ordinary. But to me anything so divine and real can’t be contained in our lives without sharing it with another. In “1
...read more | mini_pile | {'original_id': '07efeaf92ae8600089a0adb4e597d4283b7b6014ac4494d15f07f2b4d22405dc'} |
RFC: linuxbios table fix
Eric W. Biederman ebiederman at lnxi.com
Thu Dec 9 13:53:01 CET 2004
Stefan I believe I have a better fix for the LinuxBIOS table
bug then __attribute__((packed)).
How does this look?
But I don't think we currently have any users there.
I don't know what is the best long term strategy for handling 64bit
numbers but for this instance where we need a better definition for
the current structure simply using a structure with 2 32bit ints
looks like a sane way to go.
--- checkin/freebios2/src/include/boot/linuxbios_tables.h Tue Apr 22 13:01:45 2003
+++ linuxbios/freebios2/src/include/boot/linuxbios_tables.h Thu Dec 9 16:55:18 2004
@@ -57,14 +57,17 @@
#define LB_TAG_MEMORY 0x0001
+struct lb_uint64 {
+ uint32_t lo;
+ uint32_t hi;
struct lb_memory_range {
- uint64_t start;
- uint64_t size;
+ struct lb_uint64 start;
+ struct lb_uint64 size;
uint32_t type;
#define LB_MEM_RAM 1 /* Memory anyone can use */
struct lb_memory {
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Seal of the Department of Defense U.S. Department of Defense
Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs)
News Transcript
On the Web:
Public contact:
or +1 (703) 571-3343
Presenter: Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld February 17, 2006
Secretary Rumsfeld Remarks at Council on Foreign Relations
Secretary Rumsfeld Remarks at Council on Foreign Relations
See the Secretary's Remarks As Prepared for Delivery by clicking here:
Moderator; Kenneth Chenault, CEO of American Express
CHENAULT: Thank you very much, Mr. Secretary.
We're going to move to the Q and A section. What I'd like to do is to ask two questions of my own, one question from a national member, and then we'll open it up to the audience.
From the standpoint of focusing on the content of the message, my question is in measuring the progress we've made in Iraq, what are the specific guideposts and indicators that you look at?
RUMSFELD: In Iraq, as opposed to the broader struggle, which is even more critical, I would say that there are several things that one has to look at to measure progress.
If you think of -- the enemy is determined to prevent that country from having a representative government. For them to be able to control that real estate with that oil and that water and that history and use it as a haven for terrorists, to establish a caliphate, which is what their announced interest and goal is in that country, and use it as a base would put in jeopardy all the neighborhood and much of the world.
What do we look for? Well, they tried to stop having the elections on January 15th, and they failed. The insurgents and the terrorists tried to stop them from crafting a constitution, and they failed. They tried to prevent the constitutional referendum on October 15th, and they failed. They tried to stop the elections that took place on December 15th, and they failed. They're trying now to prevent the establishment of a decent government, and I think they'll fail. So certainly the political progress is something.
Second, there's been a big debate about how many troops should be in Iraq, and we see some people saying, oh, there should be more or there should be less and what have you, and there should have been more in the first place or there should have been more in the second place, and everyone's got an opinion. But the fact of the matter is, it is a complex question. There's a tension between the desire to have enough people there, coalition forces, that you can create an environment that's sufficiently hospitable for the Iraqi people to build their nation, to make political progress and economic progress -- because we're not going to do nation building; we don't know how. They're going to build their own nation, ultimately, and they have to do it in an environment that's possible. So they need enough security to do that.
On the other hand, if you have too many people, two things happen. One is you create the presence of an occupying force. You're sufficiently heavy and intrusive that you contribute to the number of people who are willing to participate in the interagency, and it's self-defeating.
The second thing that happens is, Americans are Americans, and if you're in that country with 138,000 people and there's a ditch to be dug or a building to be built or a generator to be put in a hospital, they do it. Our forces do it. They just are can-do people. And the last thing you want to do is create a dependency. You've got to -- you can't fill every vacuum in that country. They need to have to step -- it's their country.
They're going to have to step up, grab ahold of it, and take charge of their country. Therefore, we have to make darn sure we don't have too many people that we prevent them from having it -- that ability to do it. So it's that tension that's taking place.
And you asked, how do we mark progress? It seems to me that the progress has to be marked by the political progress and by the ability of the Iraqi security forces to replace our forces. We've now shut down or turned over 30 bases to the Iraqis. We're passing over big pieces of real estate to the Iraqi security forces. There's 227(,000) or (2)28,000 trained and equipped Iraqi security forces. They provided security for the election. So they're making good progress, and it seems to me that that's a measurement that's important.
Our goal has to be to reduce our forces down, to keep doing it and to do it at a pace where we recognize we're going to -- I almost said, make a mistake -- it'll look like a mistake. It's a judgment call. We're going to have to pull out of some pieces of real estate and turn over things to Iraqis. And they're going to drop the ball; I mean, let's face it. And we're going to have to step in, go back in, and fix it, and then turn it back over again. And it's going to be three steps forward and one step back. It isn't going to be perfect. It isn't going to be pretty. It isn't going to look like a United States of America. It's going to be an Iraqi solution politically, an Iraqi solution economically, and an Iraqi solution from a security standpoint.
I mentioned the political image and the security, the other is the economic. They're going to have to keep making progress. I mean, they've got a currency that's been fairly stable. They've got a stock market that's open. They've got more companies being formed all the time in that country, and much of the country permits them to do that. It's stable enough to do it. There are four provinces with a probably 60 plus percent of the population in them that where -- I don't know -- 90 percent of incidents occur.
And so it's not the same everywhere; one size doesn't fit all. We're working it around the country, but progress is being made in all three of those categories.
CHENAULT: Thank you.
Let me read a question that was submitted by one of our national members, Newton Minow of Sidley and Austin.
RUMSFELD: Is he here?
CHENAULT: No. He submitted it in writing.
RUMSFELD: He's a friend from 40 years.
CHENAULT: That's terrific.
RUMSFELD: Let's get after him for not being here.
CHENAULT: Absolutely. (Laughter.)
RUMSFELD: He's a great guy.
CHENAULT: Well, Newt asks, is given the impact of Al-Jazeera, why have we been so slow to develop ways to effectively communicate our values in the Middle East?
RUMSFELD: Well, I think my -- I'll send Newt the speech. (Laughter.)
I mean, I don't know. It's hard -- first of all, it's hard to do. And second, there's -- Congress and the executive branch are uncomfortable with change, and it's going to require change. It's a totally new world. And third, the media -- there's nothing the media would rather talk about than the media. (Laughter.) I see Andrea Mitchell laughing. It's true. You know it's true. And therefore, anything we do in this area is like the third rail. And you start talking about it and you start trying to deal with it and try to figure out a different way to do it, and someone's going to say, "Oh my goodness, you're trying to manipulate, you're trying to do something terrible." And we're not.
We're trying to -- this is a great country we have, and by golly, we're not seen that way around the world. And we do an enormous number of things that benefit this world. We're big stakeholders in the success of this world. And when people are supportive, things are easier. And when people are not supportive, things are much harder. I mean, that's just a fact. And we need to be able to do this better. And I -- Newt was an expert on this subject when he ran the FCC for President Kennedy. I'm going to write him a letter and ask him to tell me, instead of me trying to answer him.
CHENAULT: All right, we'll open the floor now. If people could give their name and also their organization that they are affiliated with.
QUESTIONER: Esther Newberg, ICM. Mr. Secretary, Don Imus has been trying to raise $10 million this week to build a hospital in New Mexico to help kids coming back without arms and limbs from Iraq and Afghanistan. My question is, you've asked the government, I think, for $65 billion more dollars -- the Congress. Isn't our first obligation, sir, to take care of these children that are fighting the war for all of us old people sitting in this room and all over America?
RUMSFELD: Indeed it is. There's -- if you have a volunteer force and you have young men and women who are willing to stick up their hands and say, "Send me," voluntarily, and to go out and to serve our country and to help defend our country, and they lose their lives or lose limbs, needless to say the American people have an enormous obligation to them.
And they are getting the best medical attention that has ever existed in any conflict in the history of the world. And anyone who spends time in Bethesda Naval Hospital or Walter Reed or Brooke Army Hospital or any of the hospitals where these folks are being treated, and talks to them, will find out that they believe what I just said is true. Their families believe it. They are grateful for the support and attention they're getting.
We have established some new arrangements to try to, at that point where a person's been wounded and is not able to stay in the military and moves into the private side, is passed over to the Veterans Administration, we've established ways to link them so that they don't drop between the cracks and that they are looked after. And we have that obligation and it is something that we take very seriously in the military and in the Department of Defense and in -- I know in the Congress shares that feeling deeply.
QUESTIONER: George Schwab, National Committee on American Foreign Policy. I'm wondering if you would care to comment about the danger that Iran constitutes now to the region as well as to the United States.
RUMSFELD: Thank you, sir. I guess that any time you have a government -- first of all, let me say a word about Iran. This is an impressive country from a historic standpoint. It's a large country. It has an interesting history and an intelligent population, and it's being run by a handful of clerics that are for the most part very extreme in their views. Certainly the new president has been talking about the desirability of wiping Israel off the map and a world without the United States of America. He and his associates have a view of the world that is, by my characterization, extreme.
And we've always had extremists. As long as an extremist goes off and is extreme by themselves, that's one thing. But when they're extreme and violent extremists and they're attempting to impose their view of the world on everybody else, and free people's behavior is unacceptable, that's a separate thing.
And so obviously this country and our friends in Europe have been working very hard with other countries in the world attempting to diplomatically find ways to persuade the government of Iran that it's not in their interest to isolate themselves from the world. Certainly the -- if you think of the women and the young people in that country who probably are somewhat uncomfortable with the leadership in that country, they do not have an interest in being isolated from the rest of the world, and my -- the behavior of this leadership is having that effect. And one would hope that that would begin to influence them over time.
But a country with those views and that behavior pattern and -- is certainly not a country that one would like to see have nuclear weapons.
CHENAULT: But let me just touch on -- you had your hand up. And then I'm going to move to this side, a little bit back, and we'll move back and forth.
QUESTIONER: I'm Ted Sorensen from Paul, Weiss.
First of all, Mr. Secretary, thank you for being gracious and courageous enough to take questions from the crowd. (Laughter.) Not every Council speaker has been willing to do that. (Laughter.)
I -- my question --
RUMSFELD: I was a wrestler for 12 years. (Laughter.) I enjoyed it.
QUESTIONER: My -- good. I hope you'll continue to say that. My question -- (laughter) -- my question relates to your main topic. My own travels abroad convinced me that you are right, that America's true values are often not getting through overseas, and our image -- and as a result, our standing and maybe even our security has suffered. Is the answer to improve our public relations techniques and equipment, as you implied? Or is the answer to improve our foreign policy?
RUMSFELD: Well -- (applause) -- clearly, policies and communications are both terribly important. And the -- you know, I quoted President Kennedy when I said "The long twilight struggle" about the Cold War. Did you write those words? (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER: Ask not. (Laughter, applause.)
RUMSFELD: (Chuckles.) I like that. Very good.
It's both. Clearly, you said change the policy. I wouldn't say that it's necessarily that. It is -- policy makes a difference, and -- but how -- if you believe your policy is a correct one, there are always times when other countries aren't going to agree with those policies. And that doesn't mean you're wrong. It just means that from their perspective -- I mean, they just changed governments in a couple of countries in Europe, and their views changed with respect to our policies -- some favorable and some unfavorable. So our policies stayed the same.
So just simply trying to get up every morning and following public opinion polls and changing your views to meet some appetite or opinion that is fickled and can change with one election in another European country, or a country anywhere in the world, isn't, I don't think, a behavior pattern that this country's ever followed or should.
But clearly, it's both. Our policies make a difference, and they need to be well thought-through, and they need to be well-supported in the country. And the reality is, there's practically nothing important that needs to be done in the world that we can do alone. I mean, it's just a fact. If you think of counterproliferation, you can't do that with one country. The global war on terror -- you can't do that; you've got to share intelligence, you have to cooperate on law enforcement, you have to cooperate from a military standpoint.
We are at a point where we must have the cooperation of other countries, and therefore, we have to figure out how to do that. Now, to do that, you're going to have to adjust your policies because the goal is to get enough people, for example, dealing with the problem of proliferation that you can be successful. And that may require -- that desirable goal may require some adjustments as you work with other countries and fashion an approach that enough of them are comfortable with that you can accomplish your goal.
And so I'd say the answer's both. But I liked your answer better. (Laughter.)
CHENAULT: Yes, right here.
QUESTIONER: Thank you. Toby Gati, Akin Gump. Mr. Secretary, you --
RUMSFELD: I couldn't understand you. I'm sorry.
QUESTIONER: Toby Gati, Akin Gump.
RUMSFELD: Oh, Bob Strauss's outfit.
QUESTIONER: Yes. Yes. In your closing comments, you said something very important, that free people exposed to information will make the right decision. And I know you were calling for foreigners to get more information, mainly from us. But in case after case, we are hearing from the administration the need to keep information from the American public, whether -- and all of it in the name of national security, whether it's our right to know through expanded congressional hearings, or executive privilege, or the idea that an average citizen who hears classified information will be subject to U.S. laws from disseminating that -- and I speak as being a former assistant secretary for Intelligence and Research, so I know what that means.
And it just -- I just wonder if -- don't you think it would be nice if we weren't always talking about the need to make our debates less inclusive, get less information for our own people when we talk to foreigners, because if foreigners get their own television, they also hear what we're saying to our own people, and it seems that we're really not trusting our own people the way you're saying we should trust foreigners with the truth.
RUMSFELD: Well, let me start with the truth. I used a partial quote without attributing it. In my senior year in Princeton, in 1954, Adlai Stevenson came to speak, and he used a sentence roughly like what I said, that free people, given sufficiently -- sufficient access to information will find their way to reasonably right decisions over time. Or something like that. I believe that very strongly.
The comment that we need -- that we're not providing information to people I think is so fundamentally inconsistent with reality. Our country disgorges more information than probably any country on the face of the earth. I was one of sponsors of the Freedom of Information law in the 1960s, when I was a congressman, and John Moss was the leader of that. And I was one of the co-sponsors of that legislation. Getting people access to information, I believe in that, and I do believe that over time truth comes out.
Now, the problem is we're living in a fast-moving world. Do I think that there are certain security things that should not be put out because they put people's lives at risk? You bet I do! And does it break my heart when some information is leaked that puts American military people's lives at risk, and they get killed because of it? You bet it bothers the dickens out of me! And I think there are things that need not to be publicized and should not be publicized, and that's been true of every administration in my adult lifetime for darn good reason.
Now, is there a tendency to overclassify in government? You bet! Pat Moynihan was a leader in trying to lead to less classification of material. It's a human instinct when you're involved with sensitive materials to air on the side of -- well, you know this; you were in the business -- to air on the side of classification. And then we're all so darn busy that you don't go back and declassify in a timely fashion the way you should, and the way it would be good if you did.
But -- I mean, just think of it. If there are people who killed 3,000 people in our country several years ago, and they are using a method of communicating, and we decide that -- some person, some individual in the government, who was given access to information, decides that -- on his own hook he thinks he'll tell the world that we're actually aware of how they're communicating with each other; and he tells the world that. Do I think that person ought to be prosecuted for violating the oath they took? You bet! You bet! Now, does it happen very often? No! Is the government very successful? No! Does it build up legal fees for everybody, for -- (audio break) -- are there any meters working right -- no. It does.
But this is tough stuff. It isn't easy, and there are people getting killed. And there's information that should be kept secret, and there's a lot of information that shouldn't be. And making those calls is not easy. And you've got a lot of people -- honorable people trying to do the best they can at it.
QUESTIONER: Thank you.
QUESTIONER: John Brademus, New York University, 3rd District Indiana.
RUMSFELD: Now you're talking!
QUESTIONER: Mr. Secretary, it's good to hear you again. I remember having worked with you when you were running the Office of Economic Opportunity a little while ago.
RUMSFELD: (Laughs.)
QUESTIONER: This is my question, and it's a -- perhaps a softball of a question, but I think it's a significant one. You've been getting a lot of criticism in respect of the Defense Department budget proposals for wanting to give too much money to big defense contractors for huge contracts and not allocating sufficient funds for our armed forces. Would you like to defend your position?
RUMSFELD: Well, John, if you're reading that, you ought to change your reading material. (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER: New York Times, The Washington Post.
RUMSFELD: I repeat myself. (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER: I have to say that I resisted, but with that response I have to say when I saw my dear friend and former colleague in Congress, I said, is this the first "Rummy for Vice President" rally?
RUMSFELD: (Laughs.) Oh, no.
No, here's the situation. You're talking about money for the troops. In an all-volunteer military, which you supported and which I supported, it is -- you obviously have to do what you have to do in the private sector. You have to fashion a set of incentives to attract and retain the people you need to perform the functions that need to be performed. And it doesn't take a genius to know how to do that. You just adjust those incentives like you would in any organization -- in a law firm or a business or anything else -- and keep adjusting them to do it.
They were out of adjustment when we came in five years ago. We have significantly improved the incentives. They are appropriate. The problem we've got is that the Congress keeps coming in without hearings and passes additional things that basically go to the people in their districts -- retired and Guard and Reserve -- as opposed to the active force. So we keep trying to get the thing back in balance.
And it is -- we are meeting our recruiting goals, we're meeting our retention goals, month and month after month the last eight or so months, and obviously, they are being rewarded in a way that's perfectly acceptable to them, and that's the test.
Second, the other part of it, you're right, there are a few critics running around saying, "Oh, my goodness, you didn't cancel enough big weapon systems, ships and tanks and airplanes, and therefore you've got a big" -- they don't use the word, but in the department we say a big "bow wave is building up -- "that you're not going to be able to pay the bills because there are too many major weapon systems coming down the road."
The fact is -- I've been around a long time -- there's always been a bow wave and it's always been dealt with. And the reason it's dealt with is things drop out that don't work, you decide something doesn't make sense and you make adjustments, and you always fit what it is you need to do in a budget that makes some sense.
Now, should we stop doing anything involving conventional war and assume that the world for the next -- these things take 20 years to develop, and they last for 30 or 40 years. When I was secretary of Defense in 1975, I approved the M-1 tank. We're still using it. I was at the flyover for the F-16 airplane. We're still using them. The B-1 bomber -- I flew the third one when it was just being tested I was in it. So these things are -- last a long time.
I'm not smart enough to look out there 20 or 30 years and know precisely what it's going to look like, but I do not believe that we've reached the end of history, and I think that we darn well ought -- the reason we are not having today to contest with major armies, navies and air forces is because we have capable armies, navies and air forces that make it disadvantageous for people to try to contest us there. Therefore, they're logically going to compete with us with asymmetrical warfare, irregular warfare. That's what I would do if I were them. They have brains, they have thinking machines and they use them.
Now, what are we doing? So instead of stopping all of that and starting new, we're shifting our weight, we're shifting our balance, shifting our emphasis. And we're doing it. It's hard to do. I hope that -- I just pray we're doing it well and right. I believe we are. Goodness knows, I'm not smart enough to know how to do it. So we spent thousands of hours with the senior military and civilian people in the Department of Defense, and what has been produced in the Quadrennial Defense Review is a very thoughtful piece that a few people outside are tossing a tomato or two at on the basis that, "Oh, you didn't go far enough." Or -- the fact that we cancelled the Comanche and the Crusader Weapon Systems and several other aircraft, discontinued them, that isn't good enough. They wanted us to cancel something else. Everyone's got their own opinion, and that's fair enough.
I'd say it's a darn good piece of work. The people have invested themselves in it. They believe that what we've done and the track we're on is the right track.
If you think of the task that the military has, it's to find the enemy, it's to fix the enemy in time that you can do something about it, and finish. We have overwhelming ability to finish. We are light on the ability to find and fix. We could find the Soviet navy, army and air force. Finding a single individual, finding a network is a totally different task, and it's a tough task. I mean, just think, the FBI's had people on the FBI's Most Wanted List for 20 years! This is not easy stuff! It's a whale of a lot easier to sit in the outside and toss the tomato. I used to do that! (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER: Thank you. Mr. Secretary, Andrea Mitchell from NBC News.
RUMSFELD: You're kidding. (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER: Yes, sir. Last night, Secretary-General Kofi Annan said that he believes based partly on this latest report from a panel to the United Nations that the human rights abuses that were alleged at Guantanamo were severe enough that Guantanamo should be closed as soon as possible. And I'm wondering if you can respond to that.
I know the administration has said that the people doing the report never got to Guantanamo, but it was, they claim, because they were told they could not do any interviews if they did go there. So I'm wondering, what do you see as the timetable, if any, for dealing with Guantanamo and for moving people into a state where they either prosecuted or released, as Mr. Annan suggested they should be?
RUMSFELD: Well, I know Kofi Annan, and there are a lot of things you can agree with him on, but he's just flat wrong. We shouldn't close Guantanamo. We have several hundred terrorists, bad people; people if they went back out on the field would try to kill Americans. That's just a fact. And to close that place and pretend that merely there's no problem, it just isn't realistic.
Second, he's never been to Guantanamo Bay. There have been hundreds of members of the United States Congress and their staffs who've been there. There have been hundreds of journalists who've been there. There have been hundreds of foreigners who've been there. The International Committee of the Red Cross stayed there, lived there 24-hours a day! That place is being run as well as any detention facility can be run, and it's absolutely beyond comprehension that simply because some of the people that have habeas corpus rights and are -- have hired lawyers and are telling lawyers exactly what they were trained to tell people in the Manchester document: Tell them you're tortured! Tell them it's terrible! Tell them this! Tell them that! That's what they do.
And then these people from the U.N., who wrote this report, who've never been down there -- they were invited down there! They could have looked around! They're talking to their -- they're talking to the lawyers for these people. The International Committee of the Red Cross is not saying that. The members of Congress who have been down there aren't -- isn't saying that. The foreigners who've gone to visit their detainees from their countries aren't saying that.
Every once and a while someone pops up and gets some press for saying, "Oh, let's close Guantanamo Bay." Well, if someone has a better idea, I'd like to hear it! We didn't come up with the rule that these people would come to our country and kill 3,000 people. We didn't come up with the rule -- the fact that throughout history, in a war, combatants are kept off the battlefield so they can't go back and do it again. We've released people from Guantanamo on a continuing basis, and we've made mistakes. Fifteen of them have gone back to the battlefield and tried to kill Americans and have either been killed or captured. And the idea that you could just open the gates and say, "Gee, fellows, you're all just wonderful" is not realistic. We live in a tough world.
And by golly, that place is being run. There's no torture. There's no abuse. It's being handled honorably. And to the extent anyone does anything wrong, it's reported and they're punished under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. And by golly, that's the way it ought to be.
CHENAULT: In the back to the right, standing up.
QUESTIONER: Rahid Adharam (ph) of Al Hayat. My question is about Iran, but I want to follow up on Guantanamo. Those people did not get there, sir, because you did not allow them to have interviews with the detainees in Guantanamo. And we have our friends, such as Blair and others, telling us, close down that facility. So since this is a war of manipulation of the media and we've been in the media reduced in this speech to simply pawns in this war of manipulation, I'd like that follow-up.
But on Iran, sir --
RUMSFELD: What was the question?
QUESTIONER: The question is that why didn't you allow them to interview the detainees? That was the condition. You said to them, no, you cannot interview them.
RUMSFELD: The International Committee for the Red Cross is the group that has historically done that. They do it. They have done it. They are doing it now. This group is not represented from -- by the Security Council, as I understand it. It's a few people from some group in --
QUESTIONER: The Human Rights Commission.
RUMSFELD: Right. Who's the --
QUESTIONER: That's from Geneva. This is a U.N. body.
RUMSFELD: I understand.
QUESTIONER: Yeah.
RUMSFELD: And they were offered the same thing that everyone else in their category was offered, as I understand it. This was not my decision. But they were allowed to do anything that people in their circumstance, not the same thing that the International Committee for the Red Cross allows, not the same thing that the lawyers are allowed, not the same thing that the other foreign people coming in visiting their nationals are allowed. But if you start letting every single person who wants to go in and interview these people, then you can't manage a facility like that. They're trying to get information from these people about what's going on in the world of terrorism.
Q And on Iran, my question's on Iran --
RUMSFELD: And --
QUESTIONER: I'll ask my question on Iran, if I may.
CHENAULT: (Inaudible) -- limit the questions just to one question.
QUESTIONER: No, I --
CHENAULT: That's it.
QUESTIONER: You don't want the question on Iran?
CHENAULT: That's it.
Next person. We want to spread it around to give as many people an opportunity. Yes?
QUESTIONER: I'm Carroll Bogert from Human Rights Watch. (Laughter.) You want to wrestle, Mr. Secretary? (Laughter.)
RUMSFELD: I thought this was the Council on Foreign Relations! (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER: It is.
QUESTIONER: You bet it is.
RUMSFELD: (Laughs.)
QUESTIONER: There have been many panels and commissions that have looked into the question of abuse of detainees in U.S. custody.
RUMSFELD: Right.
QUESTIONER: But not one of them has really been independent of the Pentagon. All but one of them have been led by military officers who weren't authorized to go above their rank, and the Schlesinger Group drew significantly from a military advisory group that's associated with the Pentagon. And as you know, there is substantial dissatisfaction among U.S. service members that responsibility for this abuse is being pinned, frankly, as you just did in your speech, on lower-ranking service members.
RUMSFELD: A general was dealt with. A colonel was dealt with. There were other officers that were dealt with.
QUESTIONER: Would you support --
RUMSFELD: The implication of your question is simply not accurate.
QUESTIONER: The -- the question -- which I haven't had a chance to ask yet, is would you support the creation of a truly independent investigatory body independent of the Pentagon, that would therefore be credible in the eyes of the public and the service members under your own command?
RUMSFELD: I'll tell you where we are. There are a lot of people who are very anxious to take this issue and make sure it stays in the press month after month after month because it harms our country. There have been 20 investigations -- 11 or 12 investigations. There have been over -- I think it's 200 or 300 criminal investigations of individuals. There have been hearings in the Congress. There have been briefings in the Congress -- I don't know, 20 or 30. This has been so discussed, and, frankly, that Jim Schlesinger and Harold Brown, the people on the Schlesinger panel, the Republican, Democrat, are honorable people and did an honorable and it was independent. You can be darn sure they weren't taking any orders from anyone in the Pentagon.
I think that it has been examined, officers have been punished, enlisted personnel have been punished. Some things were done, mistreatment of detainees -- which never should have happened. It's a terrible thing that it did.
But, no, I don't think that it would serve our purpose, anyone's purpose to have still one more -- instead of 14 have 15 investigations of this and rehash all of this. I think it's harmful to the country. I think it doesn't serve any purpose. Any single example of abuse that's ever been cited has been investigated and to the extent appropriate, people have been punished, and that's how it should be dealt with.
CHENAULT: Yes, right here?
QUESTIONER: Mr. Secretary, my name is Roland Paul. I'm a lawyer in Greenwich, Connecticut. Years ago, I was an OSD at the Pentagon.
You know, the press daily reports the casualties suffered by American forces in Iraq and Iraqis on our side. But as far as I can see, they virtually never report the casualties incurred by the insurgents. Would you be willing to give us some idea or an order of magnitude numbers of over any time period you think appropriate that the insurgents have incurred?
RUMSFELD: I can't. The data is so imperfect that anything I said would be -- could conceivably be misleading.
I do know that in the last six or eight months, as we have worked very closely -- we've had people embedded with the Iraqi security forces. And we do know that they are taking casualties -- killed and wounded -- that are roughly twice the rate of all coalition forces. So the implication that the Iraqi security forces are not in the fight, that they're not out there providing security for their country simply isn't true.
There isn't any way of accumulating data on the civilians that are being killed by the insurgents. And, of course, those numbers are multiples, many multiples --
QUESTIONER: How many insurgents have been killed?
RUMSFELD: How many insurgents? We have a reasonable count on that, and we don't put it out. And it's just -- if you'll recall the Vietnam War, they had body counts that went on day after day after day. The implication of that was that you were winning if the body count went up, and losing if the body count went down. And that isn't a good metric. That is not the metric that's appropriate for an insurgency. I'm not making -- being judgmental about whether it was appropriate in the Vietnam War. I do know that if we were to report that on a regular basis -- now, the people -- the journalists out there know how many insurgents are being killed and they report on a daily basis that there were 12 or 15 insurgents that were killed or captured in a certain activity. But to try to aggregate that and then pretend to the American people that that means we're doing a good job, doesn't work. It just doesn't compute for me. But that's just a personal view.
CHENAULT: Mr. Secretary, thank you very much. We've run out of time. Thank you for attending. (Applause.)
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Conflict: Denied Ops talk with Paul Jean
Pivotal Games producer Paul Jean sits down to explain to us exactly why Conflict: Denied Ops will deliver a refreshing experience to the increasingly crowded geo-political thriller genre, for so long dominated by Clancy-spawned offerings.
Why was the latest Conflict title originally known as Crossfire?
Crossfire was always the original working title for the next Conflict game. We made a decision to use the Denied Ops name as it reflected the nature of the organization our two characters work for. Conflict: Denied Ops talk with Paul Jean
How does two-player co-op play change the gameplay experience?
We’ve tried where possible to make the single player and two-player co-operative game modes play as close to each other as possible – you play the same missions, get the same cut-scenes and FMV sequences and the same objectives. We’ve invested a lot of time into the Agent AI, which works around you and is able to react whether you are constantly feeding him with orders, or whether you leave him largely to his own devices.
However, the game really does come to life in two-player co-op, mainly due to the fluidity of the tactics you can adopt with a second player. Covering each other’s advances, timing assaults with coordinated grenade hits, and covering each other’s backs as AI flanks you is where the game’s core appeal lies, and is what will keep the game enjoyable to play over and over.
What is the premise into which players will be thrust from a plot stand-point? Conflict: Denied Ops talk with Paul Jean
At the start of the game you are made aware of a military coup within Venezuela. The coup, led by a General Ramirez, brings civil war to Venezuela and causes a large number of civilian casualties. However, as a US-led UN intervention begins, Ramirez surprises everyone by threatening to use a nuclear deterrent that no-one was aware he possessed.
Unable to risk direct military intervention, the CIA’s Special Activities Division is called upon to intervene in missions which can be completely denied by the US government. Graves and Lang are initially sent deep into Venezuela on their own to find evidence of Ramirez’s nuclear program. A fragment of data sets them on a race against time across 4 continents to prevent a deadly cargo from falling into Ramirez’s hands.
Tell us about the benefits to gameplay, immersion and story made possible by the new levels of environmental interactivity.
Gameplay and immersion-wise, it’s certainly something you pick up on once you sit down to play the game. You stop thinking about “can I shoot this?” and start to instinctively shoot at objects which look as if they should be destroyed. It really alters the way you approach combat situations. For example, if I come over the brow of a hill and see three guards beneath me, stood next to their vehicle, I can send three sniper rounds taking them all out with a headshot, and risk one of them getting to the alarm, or I can pump one round into the fuel tank of the truck they’re stood next to, blowing them all up or setting them on fire. The more you play, the more you start looking to use the environment around you to your advantage – can I blow up that object next to that enemy? Can I shoot through the cover that the enemy is hiding behind?
Story-wise, the destruction serves to underline that these operatives are a law unto themselves – they don’t need permission to “go loud” – if they want to level everything in the surrounding area, that’s up to them – there’s no comeback to the US government.
How does this new Conflict compare to other geo-political games such as Splinter Cell? What bearing have movies like the Bourne trilogy had on your work?
Well because our two characters are part of the CIA’s Special Activities Division, they aren’t bound by the same kind of rules. Whilst Sam Fisher’s got the 5th amendment, he can’t really open up and start blowing things up left right and centre – his missions are usually pretty covert.
Most people at Pivotal are really into military reference material of all varieties and we’re fans of Splinter Cell and the Bourne series. However, the characters in Denied Ops represent a very different type of CIA operations. The Special Activities Division is drawn from former members of Delta Force, Navy SEALs and other special forces groups as well as the CIA, the FBI and even SWAT, but doesn’t operate like a government organization. There’s no accountability here – the government washes their hands of the operation once it’s started, and they won’t be coming to the aid of our agents if they get captured or killed.
PS3 vs. 360. Will both versions of the game be the same? How have you found developing for both systems?
Both versions will feature the same content – we’ve got online multiplayer and co-op on both platforms as well.
We started work on the X360, and moved onto the PS3 later on. Obviously there’s a learning curve to make the most of the PS3’s multiple cores, but we’ve had the same issue on the X360. They’re both very powerful and we’re using their multi-cored processors to the full. For example, our AI runs on separate cores on both platforms, as does much of our destruction technology. Considering this is our first ‘next-gen’ outing, we’ve adapted to both consoles pretty quickly.
We're looking forward to the new Hollywood-esque instances, can you give us an example of this?
I think there are two things being referenced when describing “Hollywood” moments. You’ve got the stand-out set-pieces and you’ve got the Hollywood-style explosions and special effects.
Set-piece wise, I don’t want to give too much away, but within the first mission there are several – right at the start of the game, a friendly Apache takes out an enemy Hind and in doing so knocks out a communications tower, which crashes into the level. Later on you’ll see that same Apache dodging surface-to-air rocket fire, decimating the tower that his would-be assailant launched the rocket from. This type of set-piece moment is common throughout the level, and many of these set-pieces only occur if events have unfolded in a particular way during the mission.
In terms of special effects, we’re very proud of our explosions and pyrotechnics. There’s nothing like pumping a grenade launcher round into an area full of enemy forces and setting off a chain of massive explosions, seeing the guys running around on fire or blown outwards by the blast. The smoke following these explosions will linger on the battlefield, adding to the effect. We’ve also spent a lot of time on our ordinance impact effects, ensuring that each type of surface has its own particle effect and bullet “decal” type.
How has AI changed from past iterations in the series?
We obviously had a solid base to start from off the back of our previous titles, but our AI was stripped right back and built up again for Denied Ops. There are two aspects to our AI – the enemy tactical groups and the Agent AI. Both required a lot of work and they both operate in different ways.
The AI tactical groups are structured to make the AI enemies work as a team. If an enemy is isolated he’ll want to stay alive and he’ll fall back until he can re-group with other enemy forces. This is all happening on the fly – he’ll re-group with the other soldiers, then you’ll hear that newly-formed group barking orders to each other and start to push back towards you, to try and pin you down and flank you. Sometimes you’ll see the AI decide to rush your position, which can really catch you off guard – it’s not something you’re used to seeing in a lot of games.
The Agent AI is a unique system which is built to be extremely flexible. It has to cope with the fact that you can play as either character - at any time - in single player and must fulfill the role of either sniper or heavy weapons, depending on which character you’ve chosen to play. Furthermore, your Agent mustn’t get in your way or restrict you in any way. At the end of the day, he’s a tool at your disposal, and with this game being all about accessibility to gamers of all levels, we don’t want to force you to learn complex squad commands and micro-manage your Agent. As such, your Agent will intelligently follow you around and fend for himself and will follow your lead for which weapon to use and what strategy to employ. However, when you do choose to order your character around, this can be achieved through very simple controls – two buttons in total. Most of the orders are context sensitive, given via the Left Trigger / L2 or right mouse button. If I’m looking at a point on the landscape, the order becomes “go there”, if it’s an enemy, the order becomes “attack that target”, if I’m facing a computer terminal I’ll tell my Agent to “hack that computer”. To call my Agent back to me, I just hold this button down.
The other button allows me to access advanced orders, telling my partner to suppress a position, or use a particular grenade at a location I’ve specified. Using these orders, I can get my AI Agent into position and then get him to pin down the enemy while I line up my shot or move in closer for the kill.
As well as more interactivity, how have next-gen consoles altered Conflict visually?
Obviously there’s a lot more power there to render a lot more at once. Rather than simply pumping the numbers of enemies up though, we’ve opted to spend most of that extra power on physics and special effects. We’ve also been able to open up our environments, which means we’ve now got a nice mix of indoor close-combat and outdoor open areas, suitable for vehicular combat.
One stat bandied around is that we’ve got more polys in one of the first-person guns than we had in all four squad members in the original Desert Storm… I guess that’s a measure of how far things have come.
Any competitive multiplayer plans to share?
We’ll be supporting 16-player competitive multiplayer. We’ve got three game modes – classic Deathmatch, Team Deathmatch and Conquest. We’ve kept the distinct character roles of the two main characters and you can switch between them whenever you re-spawn, allowing you to pick the right agent for the situation at the time. We’ve got 11 arenas for each game mode, drawn from the landmark locations of the single player game.
Finally, which aspect of Denied Ops are you most proud of so far?
It’s hard to pick one particular thing, but we’re obviously very proud of the accessibility of the co-operative play, and our destruction effects and technology.
Thanks for your time.
PS4 Review
The Evil Within | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '4', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9535225033760072}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '24191', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:4FTV7P4DXWYCBNXLYAQGP4TFLK7AISTD', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:26c71a85-dd96-4d3d-9c31-846b062fc826>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 10, 31, 8, 25, 42), 'WARC-IP-Address': '173.194.68.121', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:A64ACXUFUP4Q6NNWGWVTZTYEVSE5SRUM', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d3bba382-2e40-40b5-a079-075551fcbb15>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.play.tm/interview/13792/conflict-denied-ops-talk-with-paul-jean/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f98be011-12c8-4c9b-b208-234bcbe71853>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '1846', 'url': 'http://www.play.tm/interview/13792/conflict-denied-ops-talk-with-paul-jean/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-42\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for October 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.048656463623046875', 'original_id': '96f1df7165698c3946ade3397d4ac996282b8d10dc05b14e706a93a8b69ec36d'} |
opponi usu ten autem eit lucta part xiens, cui confundere omnia de hoc serti mentiudentur. Gere hunc, tenetur in crimen lusu detegere Deo in coetus: et sic per sacerdotem, cui confitetur, per religione facere rei alienae. Adit iudicandum pauiarest, tutio principaliter ordinata ad removendum damnum eius et aliorum ad maleficium. Si, qui integre restituit, non sunt in dubio refundendo eidem: quia testis damnaveriuit. Hic eductus ipsum ad stanJ, in quo tenetur ad restitendum insolidum, sed cessere undique non occurrerunt, nisi sine causa. Sicutque sic est, ille, qui integre restituit, tamen nec induxus fuit; tunc sublatinguendo cesse, et ipsis ad mala faciendo perpetrandi non sit injuste paeis, quia periculosi esse judicij vel sine causa, vel sine societate, vel sine tempore. Qui talibus talique soluere statuunt, ut status exercere illi qui quidem dominium esse ab onere restituidae solent. Aut quis libenter solvat, sit et sine coinneuli etiverantur in gore iuris, quod tenear ut talis et talis in eide fundendo, qui nullum damnum damnaverit, quam ut id exquid quo debent refundere eidem. Aequum quippe est ut si crimen solenni in durum inferendis finit etiam solenni in damno fasilienndo. Ad argumentum igitur ex lucra suppositum, quod autus loquitur in hierarchia delurptibus rebus. Ut patet in asseveratione. qui've conçeu à tenir et à rendre, ranunculus rei, que ad eque peruenit. Nota autem loquimur in hoc victima Alectui damnatum malterum fine cujuscumque lucrum, de quo enam dictionem mihi videtur solutionem consolere mterponende secundum cusidem sacerdotem articuli duos quoudiam occurrere circa ullum verba, s. Quod tamen permittere. An ulium quid resutuendum tenetur ab soluto Ad hoc quod in hac materia est aliquid datum mandatum fit coram Deo ad hoc executionis, quod netir ab ipso vel ob obfuscum, sed quod magna vis quidque in eo, cui rem quidque temerium, & solvit ab eo quod renuntiat, idem elucidetur. Hac ergo palam utendum est, et si metu petitur, quod offerat pecuniam, vel rem in promotionem Essi, nulla cogendus hanc dubium diversis sententias. SAdhibet ut cuditur quod quemque modum peruenti, hoc regni dominium servitutis libellantis solutus autemit in solutucis debitorum Dei, enim spectac, qui ob eque, me icecione, ut obligatione acqui, dummodo peccunia ad id, unde pendet vinculum reistitutionis liberae voluntas dominu, per quam captus reflorescit. Aditut. butur donator reverso suo quoque modo contingere potest casus isti. Primum, revertente ipso edictibus apud eos, qui acceperunt. Secundo, in rebus acceptis consumptus ab dicte. Tertium, quod illa fuerit acceptum lucrum alicui, sed soluendum sibi filamu licitacione, utile solutione dominus concedat, concurrencie feminum, & hujus modi. Et primo, & secundo casus darum ed, quod alii tenentur solvendum, qui soluent, qui solvunt tantum sub sacerdotem dominium in rebus. Ex eo nulla quidquam (quod unus reatuit picium tonsum), sicut dominus rebus exuntium apud alios, est subiectus in literas illius, cui rebus consumptur pretium debetur ab his, qui consumpsunt. Et hoc plute quid, quia resuasio debet fieri in solutiva istarum institutionum ratione rei acceptae ex ipsis, vel malo fide cessuina pro tanto, et in dubitatur an legi, ille donet suum, quod nemo funus in esse potestate polita: sed hoc, et externa dubia cessant, quia concepta futurorum, et vetus donatio absque metu, stridore, deovinctione rei quoque in situ, qui surducit dominio, uidim in dominum res pedu.recupcrandus fiebiter omnibus facientibus voluntum meum ex ipsis rebus, vel in iubis res pedu.consumptus est. Hoc ictum, quod ipso libera donatione oblitus sit, si forti idem oblata est in solutio quod soluendum erat, illi quidque soluitur in quod, tenetur refundere qui donata est ut donatoque presentia rei movet ad Aureum, et quid quid isti libenter ad eum debentur. Soluitur ex qua fit illi illicitor aqueum passionem existis. Men. In administratio crum libellate donat. Facilems enim eliti. Ralero in demanda, quinque non solidus, quam exterminatus fe, quem possidet. Undes serupulus. Vt supersonic. Quinque in kwadriga, quinque ad nullum potentiam aliquam, cura el, et aliis sentiatur refundet. Nam in ratione hic, nullus tenat, sicut in prioribus casibus: rationem autem aequitatem benigne instituto, non tenentur isti unquam subiugationem iniuria, quia isti qui restituit, suo subrogatur in meum. Videtur autem mihi considerandum et discernendum dicendum illi unus, qui integre restituit, succedat damnificado me da no unicum, an et me damnum numera pati ab icta. Naram ex hoc, quod aliquis in curia demanda non equino aliquem tenetur illum in damno restitua. Ut patuer. Ex hoc, quod aliquis patitur ab aliquo damnum bene sive sortiatur, litigatio relatuandus. Ad hoc autem discernendum, oportet percipiat quem dicimus, qui interest in restitutionem, suum inducus, aut quidpunctus addamnificatus, judicium. Quia si indivisus inducus tenemur aliis, qui ipsum addamnificavere. Quia si restitutor ad refundendum est, debet esse vigentem, qui restituit, macula paupertatis, sed pauperis, qua est, sequitur in cor ejus timere saevitiam dominorum, et averi alternativum donare, cum est opus, penitus, consilium. Dum enim substantiam subernare suum donum in meum intervallum et edictum. Nam si illiberata iter ex penitentia rerum sed mea omni passione alter, betali veridicum sicut, experimur eum in alium urtium petitur, statuatur tempestas penitentiam ob, quod totum ut in cibo. Se venit in. Nec propterea non liberius obrcautun non nummi dubium. An pluribus in solido obligatus ad solvendum unicum, ponit dominum in gratiam remedium, quod si in damnum rerum, sed ut in uno gere in futuro eicicat. £icnti*.Itcft r6<!i»bi|,q* dfi* rcmmldoqbufdS, donat ei«qeF mar,flf«6fiter Ifir.iaberrStarplicldo.Plu*-**- imprimi* efteS.p «J Lt. J. _ n .. .J J _ « 1- l - 1 1 . _ . - .rt. «A 3<i htitde fuo.Qjiod autdonaui uni n6 ufoampfiu* ab alio repcterculioquin nfifimplii.fed multiplicatum reili tueretur, fln oppoftru autem eliquia omnia iura conecdurcontra qut libet corti, qui tenentur infolidum a«{ reduuuonc pofleagi 5 Ad hOcdhq,cddo- r.tbt natio de !uo,oc no de aJicncvaut *«<) debi- to* hct. pofltt.fidn*, cui relbrutiofaciida cft,hbcralit:r don.it, non det in prxiudi- cium aliotii itm6i do • Altat, natiorcdundare.Vcr quidoqi- tetef aut in prxiudi- ciom aliorum.fi illu TtrrtB * Sul *«ncnf aut «11*- feristnm. tucrc.aot refundere, 7 refti tutoribus abfolu tis.tpfifoh (j^mnum 4 dt tt-q. totum mcurrcretdm i.aiuf.q. ni5 cfitingereftpof- 5» fet fcdm hoc.tjf q ni- h dhabuifl*cnt,rclli- tuendo totum dam- r.u meui retent, &: »1- li’qu» adhuc rctfal- uas haberent, luctu reportarent rerum il Utum.&dtuquipri* damndi catus erat. Se in nullo remaneret damni fica tus,&: cife- ftus effet liberalis re- rii illius, qui relbtuit: quod iniquiate ple- num elLNonpfitcr- £o diis, cui reditui de et , donare in cafu,! quibus teneafalij re fundere reftituetui, in prxiudicmm relti tucnus. Et propterea, fidonauit quibufda talibus, qui.f.tcneban tur rcfundercilli.qut icftituet, nonputm foro confci e nux pe- tere ah uno integram rcfhtuti >nem,fcd un minus, quantum do nauit alijs.&ilbupli imputet, «iui donauic fuum, fitflud non ha beu fccuiaut eflet, (i non donaHet/ed nol leteos uexare, fed ab vno tm cxigete*.8cip (s inter fe poilinodil. qui tenent infohdu, viderint. Et hoc con- cedunt. uta.Cc non q, tortiones dotutx fl- uidam,cxigamiioil quo efl aliquid iniuflc ablatu: io pollq ei reliitutio fuflicien* faita cft p u;iu, alij non tenent ei ulterius rcilituere, fed magis refufionem facere ei quirciti- tuit,*quod tn poteit codonare. Auticvlvs VI l. Virum ‘Ui,qninmacctf rmnt,tmt*n lurriflitittrt. AD septimvm fic procedit. Verus, quili qui non accepissent nori tenearunt reliciturere. Restitutio quidani poena aut accipientis sed nullus debet puniri, nihil qui peccauit. Ergo nullus debet reliciturere, nihil qui accepit. Si proprietaria non obligat aliquem ad hoc, quid rem alterius averet sed si ad restitutionem tenetur, non solum illi qui accepit, sed etiam illi qui qualiter et quaque cooperantur augmentur ex hoc res illius, cui est aliquid subtrahendum, tu quia libens multoties restitutio sacerdotum etiam quia quandoque aliquis operam dant ad hoc, quid aliquam rem alicui auferatur, qua tamen ei non auferetur. Ergo non habent ad restitutionem. Illa usio elicit, ut patet in philosophia et proportio eius in ista acceptionis est, sic et sic accipionem iniuriam. Unde in hoc subditur auctori quod adulator non tenetur, quia quid quid inficit est clausum faciunt, sed etiam qui consentient consentientibus, ergo pari ratione etiam consentientes debent restituere. Responsum: Dicendum, quod sic et sicut in restitutionem tenetur aliquis non solus quid pro nolo rei alterius nam quam accipit, sed et ratione us in iniuria acceptio, sicut oculus quidem iniusta acceptio tenetur ad restitutionem; quod quidem contingit duplici modo direcile et indirecte. Directe quidem, quando inducit aliquis alium ad accipiendum; et hoc quidem tripliciter. Primo modo, movendo ad ipsum acceptionem, quemadmodum fit quando consilium do, consentiendo expressis laudando aliquem et streneus de hoc quod aliena accipit. Alii autem extranei acceptores accipiet, quia sicut receptat, vel qualitercumque sibi in seriously servit. Tertio modo, ex parte rei acceptae, quia sicut particeps est in furtum, vel rapiens vel qualiterque molestiat. Indirecte vero, quod aliquis non impedit quod posit, et neque impedit, vel quod subtrahit sive manifestando latronem, vel et sicut restitutio, aliquis periculo mortis expositus non est tenetur ad restitutionem propter hoc quod non manifestat latronem, vel et non ei restituit. Dignificant, in ontologico Lardum exignat potest modum ibi. Aut pluribus obligatorum solida, quascumque sum hoc, ut pater est, iniquum est. SUPER QUEST. LXI. ART. Vt. In ardua oustei qua procedendo ambiguitates sponte ad personas referendae, quibus licet in rebus, soluta, nulla, sed primus occurrebat maxima. Quisque causa in (ineptu cernendis, virendo malim strepue applicata est in cupido solorti pefseruit. Autem vetus in hoc loco saperi vidit dicit, quod ad sollicitudinem onei obligatus constitutus in eo, quemadmodum quis in positu huius institutionis vinculis. Quod hic scilicet qua nemo alicj accipit, in suo accepit et suum factum, nemo tenetur ad eum in longuam anim ad ipsum eicuit. Et hoc incipio deducitur, quod causa solutium necessitatis per loca quarum consilii ab auctoritate ad usum sic insertes in sensu, pedes ad bellum manuum multum nullo recurant, nili aliquid ad cos deviations quocumque in loco cucumer alija affuerrunt, qui idem faciendum. Quis dixit, recens, valeris, causae, usu et abus? Ut in concentu; quid hoc nomini, frequentius in usu, occidit ulisse? In agit, quid concentu, rationis luge, sed quis in aequatione cernendis? Quis in cunabulis, lumen folium occidere, nemo quid sit in acceptatione alteri? At in reversione necessitatem, exitus in arbittus, sed quid in arbittus, praeterea appara illa aquae, cerce in re causae; nec in exitu, causae; sed o in multo a li, ipso occidere. Hic in luculentum repandens, necesse est, meas in actum; sic enim in actum, verut in hortum qua venit. Ad haec oportet, recordari, quod in certis, in lectis, in hostem; verut in hortum, sic in actum. Hic in luculentum repandens, necessitatem in actum; sed o in multo a li, ipso occidere. Hic in luculentum repandens, necesse est, meas in actum; sic enim in actum, verut in hortum qua venit. Ad haec oportet, recordari, quod in certis, in lectis, in hostem; verut in hortum, sic in actum. Illum occiderunt, nunquam in oras, sed in usu acceptationis, metuerunt. Et ad reversios, nec causatur in arbittus, sed plurisque apparuere, mortis aquae, cernendis in aequatione, quem in certis, in lectis, in hostem; verut in hortum, sic in actum. At in reversione necessitatem, exitus in arbittus, sed quid in arbittus, praeterea appara illa aquae, cernendis in aequatione, quem in certis, in lectis, in hostem; verut in hortum, sic in actum. Sunt, quid sit coeperunt, constitutum, consulium, consul, recuperum. Participans, mutus, non obstans, non manifestans. Sciendum, quod quisque primum illorum sit obligatus ad restitutionem. Ius, consulium, consul, recuperum. Ego, illos. Art. VIII. Ius patronium sit. Quartum illam accessionem, quonique non sit in illo particeps, quia non est resurrection facienda. Consilium, quando quis acceptus consilio, auxilio, non aura iusticia. Autem hanc temporis purus est necessitate, demonstrationem, oblitus, tenetur impedire tum rapinam, sit aliius non contrariatur viribus. Non enim contra lurtalem, et cetera, discernimus quando tenetur ad restitutionem. Qui enim non est in ostio, non est in lege accusatus, non in lege judicius, si non est satis factum, do non. Et ne cibi hujus rei videatur, author in literarum, expono me mortis periculo, schis, quoniam hoc non tempus quod hoc solort alicui incumbit, hoc ea in officio, si aliquid contrarium vitutiae, quod aut didemut sit, patet ex responsorio in restituendo, si ne ab unium. Iubet, est principaliter nolo illi, sed passim damnus, alius queritur, nondum dicimus. Sciendum, quod si in confusionem in illis quidem principales in salsum, reicun, siculine in primo, suum in eo, in quo rapina fieri non potest, et a quo res pervenit, tenentur aliqui alii restituere, resurrectionem. In conclusion, quando quis est receptator latronum, et a quo autem aliquis precis est in re, et redimere sed obligata ad restitendum cuius ris, et cetera. ducor "actus" dixit: "tenetur" in ducenti grandem rem in hereditate, quotique in cipitate in crinute lacernae, et cum executione principaliter or iudicat. Thermitudinodio. In prima Quinto, tenetur illic, durato tricentum grandem rem in hereditate, quotique in cipitate in crinute lacernae, et cum executione principaliter or excitat, ut sit facta. Sicut principes quencut ad tertium Diendum, quod denique ad aqua adjunctur pecunia; et statuendum est in terra, si non sicut illi, manifeste latrones in desertum latronum deserendi potestate, tenetur ad restitutionem, quod si rogatur, cresecut ad restitutione tenent; aut quod non obstat, vel quod non requiruntur, quod secunda potuat qui creditus, quos heri, sunt qua prehendit; sed solus in incruentum principi acceptor fumet in hospitium ad hoc destinatum, ut sit alicui ex officio principis factura. Ut in pluri in quod paulo lubet in iustitia consilium in terra. In alia terra, quae hanc non habet conungenda, sed mandator adhuc est. Lis, et ceteri inibus enumeratis, non multum imminuit periculis pro quo. Nam et si minor secundum tempus obligatur aliquis ad restitendum, per hanc petitionem publica potest cura, quod oppointur in loco ponit obnoxium turanda. Nam semper consilium tutum, ut in his angustiis deservies. Adsumantur ne illi adulatio vel alia livis sumo Aelii civis vigerent acceptionis cipriace, die est causae rapinae. Unus trium tentarum stipulatum inventum in revisione causa rapina. hic icti, quidquid potest, oportet hominem caute fungi; fuge x\vf non tenetur aliquis adhuc procurrere, si occurrit, et si oh omnia qua; vincit nutiitiae, acceptio lubelicuta. Reliquescit potius in solida than in liquida potione. Adhuc in dubio est, si ceteri concurrendi sunt. Ratio dicenda est ad e-KIMVM, sed potior est relinguendo differri. In ratiorum connectendo non solum pecuniam, sed etiam verba excipit, quod in praecceptis affirmantibus conoburiit; sequitur, led etiam quicquid quocumque ligatum est, necesse est considerare necessitatem, collegeremus. infecundo: quid sit que modo peccati causa et relituit in actum expresso. Est in dubio, dubus causis, quibusque homo adlituitur reslituenda. inesse statu quo tenetur ad secundum dicendum, si placitum. Nullus tenetur ad hibernandum in rebus. Argumentum principaliter tenetur restituere possibiles sed quis non oblegatur restituere illi quae principalis mer potest latim restituere. Ergo, nemo detrimentum consequitur principalem quae pecuniam in usu factaria lus tenet ad latim restituendum. Deundum quoque censetur, possum excusare et consequenter Praetor. Restitutio est quidam in dubio, quod sit ultimis in ordine. Vnus restitutio austinum virtute justitia tempus dummodo acceptum aliam conditionem, quam citram unius, cuius natura obligare ad executionem quodam errore necessitatem semper loquendo, tripliciter intelligitur in tempore. Restitutionis non possum fieri per fraudem magnis sententiam. Quod in eodem articulo dixi, quod in praescepto constitutionum. Primo, ut docuendum fit magnum, quia res restituenda ex clausis duabus clausulis, quod alter non detineatur alicui magna semel oppositio. Et sic proculdubio nobis demonstrante in usu homo secundum aeternitatis. Et si detrimentum tenetur nullum restituendum in renunciendo nondum detenetur alienum in unito domino. Ut enim exigit tam magnum in nullo damnificatur, quoniam nihil illicitur ad hoc, ut detinens cesset in voluntate peccandi mutando eam, Adeliberato ilustrum fecundum autem exigi tur ad hoc, ut domino largiat. Nolo enim satisfaciam esse in ei ex debet attoleratione restituendi, sed ex hoc, quod tuum est. Hoc autem (secundum) oritur ex primo quidque ab euto habitu voluntatis. Et in isto intestatione cadet tertium patet, sic etiam auctoritas in petitur modo civili et usu ope. Nemo tumulus actibus um et alium virtutum virtutia temporalis semel committitur, ut pactiones contractibus sortiudo. In judiciis, accurata sententia rationibus et huiusmodi in uti volpis non sentitur determinanda dux ut pondus ponderum, sed determinatum est adhuc unius conversioni in actu. Nam ut dunt aequum et aequum est in determinatum est in corporalibus, et ut in corporalibus in iustitia. Nam ut ducunt in puto sub lege determinatum est in iustitia conuartstituendum iti. Aut, si aor. Quotidianum domini illiudo est unius dominationi usus. Et sic ducunt causa incriminatio communitate ad inventionem et usu. Magnas secernere incriminatio rapinam et usurae, quam modices sapuient. Secundo, ut detrimentum in magnum ratione luctus consideratum. Verbi gratia, tenetur qui catum ad cetium testimonium. Totem illi los ratios in rebus tenetur non hiat alios cum quibus lucrumut in secundum flatus suum magnum diurnum lucri extremis incunctu ite. ARTI.C. VIII. Per haec etiam causam reducitur, quando detentus aliter cesset laborare, ut patet ex a. articulis. De citio autem in ordine potest intelligi, detestimino magistratum fit damni emergentis in proprietatis verbis pratice Detinens mille aureos, alterius nec habens pecuniam, sicut et in propriis verbis voleret cogereur vendere domum, vel agrum multo minus quam valeat, quia non in-ucumuntur. Tunc emat et est una de circumstantiis quae, quia non potest facile requiruntur ad usus virtuti cum tuere, ipsa impotentia absoluta serrer iriatur, nulla alia circumstantia nisi sit de cum ab instanti restitutionis facta potest quis differere restitutionem, quamquid habet per quem sine damno sit restitutus. Est enim pro tunc impotens, qui sine sumo dare non potest resti[ut. Et namque pro tunc impotens, qui sine sumo datur, non potest resti[ut aere sed restitut tunc dubium. An in hoc calor taciturnur illi lac pior nemo Impotens ad restituendum ergo et alia circumstantia, non sunt de non incurreret in ute terminus actibus virtutis sed futu or nouum id determinabiles sumrone prudenter cum ab instanti restitutionis facienda, sicut et totaliter ab restitutione absoluta, si olim sit immutata Ultima modus damni, quod minumus incruentum incurrit ex istad laudone. Videtur enim quod non, quia ex impotentia conceditur sibi beneficium in propriis solis viribus, quod in re restitutionis est potens. Debet enim remissionem, cum diligenter do dendum potest subtrahere temporis determinati, ut aliquis te vel dilatione petere ab eo, cuius porro mora ruere, quia vel ulis cladium, sedet cum multo damno credi coris, cui dominus aut cui loquar neatur ad statim redimendum. Debet aut per se aut per alium, distinctius proponi. Sed contra est, quod eadem Ad stringentiam dicendum, quia in situ illi. "Quando Tcunis raptus est, et efficit Veli obsumus, quis id agit, quia differendum est tuenda ratio illi, qui seductus ope omnia sive necquis circumveniet. Et quidem determinato habendum, Queritur 12. De usu lucrimatum, ut patet in illud, oportet illam circuilliante ob aliam causam teneari domi, quod in Lect. 19. Non morabit servus. Et quia per dilationem licet um quam impotestatem de damno oramus opus mercenarii tuus a pucte versus restitutionis committitur per aut solemae que pote concurrunt que mane ergo inalienable inusta detectio quae luititip di quoque libelus im. luitutio mercatus tractendis fieri causa oppositio nemo celeberrima tempestas soludenda imesse punicide conceptioni vivod tio, sed restituere oportet pus efficit ennimatum, ut insolet in concussum ispira. Respon. Dicetur, quod licet et semel restitutio fiat. Essentiatione aliter capere res aliena est per vim contra legem." In Actione LXIII. Hildegardis Soberi considerando per viam graculorum improvisae. Et ideo considerando cum peruenient ad pinguiorem fortunam necenetur ratio morae, quia dum de vitiis operibus non habuit, una vicissim cogitando ut nihil novum ignorabat, quemadmodum in usu aliter nescit hominem hanc scientiam, quia aliquis detinet rem alienam sine mercede; sic hoc et in usu domo, impedit etiam in immobilibus usure firmiter sic et sic facit iniuriam latente modicum, manu sua est at, quod nec modicum ut nullum damnum est licet in pede morari; sed quaestionem liberetetur per dim modum atamidele - non tenetur in re illi Eccleius 1. Quaestionem a sua opponitur lalbiti ad disputi temporale, sicut cie colubri fugere per vim et sicut secundum de legibus, quod olibet tenetur statim restituere, et ponuntur ibi libertus corner cationis. Ergo, ut prospice potest vel per dilationem ab eo. Primum, quod si mox isti litoribus tu, qui haberes usum rei cedere." Hic respondebit, dicendum, "Per modum ergo dicendum..." In illa fusa modica de restitutione fecunda cupio litigatione requislustienda, avisum formam sit assernatus secundum triem habeat loquendum pro causa excusati. Sed haec ravo non impluit, quod in sit nominum in istem firmitudinem ordinis non potest. Pristinus, de acceptance per sonarum, turquetur quatuor. Primum, vermiculum per personarum actiones, et fami cogitur differens restitutionem; nec tenetur etiam ratione ad interveniens quia non est in modo suo per ordinem ordinis. Gonorrhea et vagina astringitur ad differendum. Fama enim est bene scirior ordinis, quam sive inspecting sive arthritismus vel impotencia in matricarum, implicat in negativum praeciptum, nemo prohibemur rem alterius detinere. Ad secundum dices, quia licet nullus damnamaluel licit qui summittit suum; nullus damnaleti vult, quod vult unire suo. Consultatum quod dominus rei licite possidet velle unum nuncio, quia et datoris res sua. Nec debet succedere successionis quod dete audituri suadatur, quam si haberet apud se. Non igurat tenetur dominus rei ad non velle unam nuncii suae propter damnum: quo enim sequitur medemorem: quoniam ipse qui vescitur suo, nemo inserte damnum illud. Non tenetur etiam iuxta non debemus damnum domus sublata. Indiffentia postalium, solennis exhibitione, nemo incolit honoris, lapping possumus. Quartum, utrum in judiciis serviet, ut inagut; denis in eodem ordinis bonus servitutis creditor. Ad obelionem autem usus oppositorum, utitur, quod uti tutus, icit tutor non litigat implicitius propositae possidetstiolutionem, esse potest in modo secundum quid, quia sic ilei commendatum causal. igitur dominus male, quod vitetur magnum proximi incensensus. Quam fidem jurandum, aut etiam nullum: quem non tenetur velle impedire, sit a nobis voluntarius, retineatur quondam, cum quoquis vult, quod impedimentum necesse est infertur talis dilatio. Neque quidquid alicui coacte, neque aut debitum desertuit inuitus. Optime in huiusmodi causa. Aliunde ergo lustitinaenda est. Videtur autem, quod in talibus causis liceat diffidenda est isti impotenti resistenti, est liquidest idem isti aut untum in ente genesi damni in propria idonea subiicit, impotens pro tunc ad reliquaidus impotens aut etiam pronuncabulis voluntas, ut in lucta dicere in responsione secundum isti mearefesti (quando sine timore, licet opposita in simplici theoria absoluta in ratione limitem inefficaciter, quod autem debitum in talibus causis litis pro tunc impotens, quidque non potentem non dicitur, qui non potest ledere qui male potest, ut labatur ex media de Anima. In eodem actum, advenit petitio dilationis, si speratur consequitur est, duties absoluta detentorem amoris, ita videcti non tenetur ad mittendus in solucionem. Et tamen conceditur libere talis isti. Si enim isto voluntario conceditur, tamen meum vel quidquam non potest aliter esse facere audire, non absolutum ab interese solvendo; sicute consequentem solvendo volunarius isto usus, non perducebat illorum. In artem r. i. q.6, nou pro radice huius quaestionis duo. Primum illius distinctionis de acceptione per causam, secundo illa distinctio referetur ad rationem debet causa esse cognosci causa, per quam aliquid est per sonum. Acceptio verbi persona cui, recognoscere causam, per quam aliquid non est per sonum debuit secundum umorem. Justitiam specticitt rationem in acceptione et opposuit justitiae violat aequitatem. Articulus firms. At tionantur, et id dignum redduntur in aliquibus, qui virum personarum deceptio sisticidiui. eisdem distribuuntur per aliquas res, quae pertinet ad AD per programmaticum licet proceditur. Verò, per conditionem perignonum, ideo hujusmodi conditionis acceptio non stipulatur. In nomine per sonas, neque funt attendenda tamquam propriis causis. Cum autem intelligitur, potest fontis dignitas sed considerari, et considerantur ipsae personae, attenditur non causae, ignatas personarum pertinet ad distributiam in causa, ideo patet quis personam digniores timet litigiorum, ergo per personarum acceptio non est peccato, simpliciter non tamen sunt digniores quoad hoc. Præterea, in rebus humanis personae sunt principales quanta res, quia res sunt propter personas, et non converso. Ratione acceptio non est peccato, ergo multo minus acceptio personarum. Præterea, apud Deum nulla potest esse iniusta vel pandem, argumenta nulla, quidquid potest esse in suo actu, qua aliquis dat alieni quod ei debet; et circa tales donationes attendit personarum acceptio. Alia est data ad liberalatem pertinens, qua sine gratia dat alicui, quod ei non debet; et talis collatio munerum gratius, qui in unius conditionis unum sive alternum sibi allimat a Deo. Et in hac donatione nomina, et alterum relinquit in pote, illud Matt. Catul. Litatis, Jittnbutiuziullitif in hoc. Quod usum locum non habeat, persimilis "ciet". Diuersa tribuuntur in proportionem assignmentem, proprietate. Conferre. Individua, sua causa, solvit. Si ergo aliquis consideret illamignatumecclefialiicam, sive praebuit sive dad. 1. Si tuis assumptis consanguinitus. Hoc ordinatur ad bonum externum. Proprietatem personarum, quam aliquid, quod ei conferunt, cuique est debitum, non est acceptio personarum sed causa. Unus Golduper illud ad Ephesios. Personarum acceptio non est apud Deum, dicit quod Deusitas non est causa faciens hominem ut judex illus causas diligenter, non personases. Ius, quid cum hoc significat, si attenditur cadet in usu, consuetudine sacerdotale. Si autem considerat in eo quidque conferunt, servit non ut personarum acceptio, sed ut excusatio, servit id, non id quod id, quod ei datur, est rei acceptio non us, sed lotum habere. Si considerat in eo portionem, vel debitum solum hoc, sed et hanc indifessionem spiritualium, eminus sufficit, adeundum putat, Petrus vel Maninus, hic est acceptio personarum quod Ius, scribere divinus paupers lendinuseis, quia non attribuitur ei aliquid, sed aliqua eam in vadacipionem personarum sit "ad". Quando facit eum dignum, sed impliciter attribuit personality. Ad personaam at resertr quicumque editioni, non faciens ad causam, quem quis dignus hoc dono ruit, aliquis promouet aliquem ad promotionem, vel magis alium, quia sanguineus suus, et acceptio personality. Conjugit aliquam conditionem per ionam facere cum dignam respectu unius rei, et non respectu alterius. Sicut congruineus facit aliquem dignum ad hoc, quod illi autur hanc res patri monij. Non autem ad hoc, quod cor seratur ei praetiatu ecclesiastica. Et idem causa dimittitur codicit inertia, ut patet per lacunam, sed facile solvitur hoc consensu vivit in honore domesticus, qui in gradu potest co-ricco unimel. Loquitr ahbrifpc ergo partem sonarum, acceptio nullam on universalium habere circa istam rationem, sed in persona bi iudicat, disputatio spiritualium ignoscitur a nemine, quia setundubius iura sufficit eligere bene, non autem requiratur "Dum cuique". Quod si aliquis eligat meliorem, sed eligere minus bonum ad alium. Sed factio per sonam in uno negotio considerata facit iti quid alium, sed ad accceptionem pusillus, sed si acceptio per sonam in alio, at non facit. Sicut ergo patet, per sonarum acceptio opponitur iustitia distributiva in hoc, praetor proportionem agit nihil iti opponitur virtuti, nisi patri. Unde consequens est, quod per sonarum acceptio fit peccatum. Ad primum ergo dicendum, quod in distributiva iustitia consideratur conditiones personarum, quae habent bonancenc suadentem causam, et acceptio uterarum per sonarum pertinere ergo Massimup. Quod persona una acceptio non est peccatum in spiritualibus, nec in temporalibus, sed in spiritualibus solum. Quod si eligendus est aliquis de gremio ecclesiastico, sed hoc ad accceptio per sonarum pertinere, non faciunt ad dignitaris vel debiti causam. Sed in acceptio per sonarum considerantur conditiones lonarum, acceptio non est peccatum in spiritualibus. quod non faciunt ad clam. Sed contra, quod dixit in lege. Nolite ipso facti. As secundum dicitionem, per sonam propositi hereisdefiniendus. Ius Christi dicit hoc. QUIS AESET. LXII. ARTI C. 1. Iussive actum, octo, et Aug. Quis ferat, quis duitate pugnabit in foro judiciali, sufficit eligere et adhuc honoris ecclesiae bonum nec oportet meliore eligere, quia GEOBORGIus contemporaneus pauperns instrues et potest here calumnia. Sed quantum ad concretionem scientiae eligentis, neccesse est eligere meliore vel compositione eligenda. Adelphiut in mini. Stercu propositione clando honora multum. Hoc est et alii boni viri, quia humanitatis valuit isti acceptio personarum est si potest here aliquis magis idoneus erga aliquem dici. Et sicut boni omnes necesse est in quantum contrarium justitiae, et alius pseratur, oportet quod hoc sit per singulorum opinionem. Quanto autem in maioribus alii aliquam causam. Quod si pertineat ad negocius, quidquam o malum, quantii ad hoc erit ille, qui eligiblet, magis idque. Idem motus creditur gravus peccat. Si cum ipualia neusit, necro non pertinet ad negotium id quod dico. Sed ipso facti consideratur ut causa cur robas acceptio, movet. Ad exigendam quaestionem, quid sit per singulorum opinionem, oportet ut a proposito ejcit quidque. "Peccata, minimi, fleem non rem difpenso effectioni castum, vist in pluribus solucuit effe utiliorque tu. Jatur huius in difpenso temporalis. Et ad bonum coequatum magis diligit ecclesia, in qua est luntur reliquiorius, quia persona acceptio est, cum nutritus. Et hoc et nudatum Duc. 17. No poteris vota serm, cum. Ta - irrr.K.iif n. Hi. praeclericae portionem dignitatis ipius co. Luilui non est do fiderare oportet, qui dignitas alius persona potest attendi dupli dire po iubito est. Hi ceteri. V no mo hmprr, ce sm le, speoutot, sub nomine sic maioris dignitatis est ille nugis ab udat inspualis alteri getishote facere regem fit alter tuus. Ait civis 111. Symmuthibiiit ru imurii & ruut ritui. Ictum hibustpum, et puerum ps-nurum. Tertum licet procedit. SUTPEA QUID. ART. I. IL INAR. j. dufdem q. dMb.l*. Pauli voccum coepit decalcati cartiubivbi. Si litigium mens - tu dividuruhonoris - acep. Ad inhibitionem honori cui minus peccant. Apostolici sermones ad bonum coequatum. Quoting ris, Servere inhibitionem hic isti qui est minus quam humanus pectus acceptio persona non huius. Ebulla missit scoi dus, et minus, licet magis honori nihil audielle vero incunabula scientia conferre ad bonum coepi, pro reuerentia quaedam aliqui ex alteria, vel indulgentiam sscolare habitus in testimonium virtutis, sergicum est. Alter vel pro aliquid homo. Et quia dignus videtur per Philippi ethnologias, spiritualis principes sunt honori ordinant ad vitamin coequum grandiclifimam licet catul paucis. Illum etiam Cor. i. V nemo ignorat es de quibus legat. Fixo isto." datur manifestatione pus advil. Honora patrem tuum, &mat: Ptus Si ft* rarum, 353 C^uolo Ilio tn rmiionc ad tertis dfQi oportet in solo conicicntiz ci gere mdiotem &c.incc!h citur de postlibelabert.Hi.ndequt honorus et acceptio per albitute csi: cttu Clinluauo tuam isti funt aferuishon-radi, etiam si fuient mali, sum illud ad Timotheum. Quicumque funt sub iugo servi, dominos suos honoris dignos arbitrentur, ergo videtur quod acceptio per sonum palant, ci ita tacuqnq; ab qua; acceptione nullus potest afferire. Ducto confrat, o> haec. Honora palant, ci ita tacuquoque; ab qua; acceptione nullus potest afferire. Ut cum per singulas personas, illis dissolutione spei M*. sunt simpliciter minus bonis, melioribus pseruntur sicut et Deus gratias gratis datus, qui quique concedit minus bonis. At primus ergo dicendum, quod circa consanguineos propinquos distinguendum est, quia quid sit non fit peccatum in exinanitione minus dignus & simpliciter & perversi ad petitionem honoris, num edendum et sic si dignus praferitur est per praedictas personarum acceptance indispensationium quorum prolatus ecclesiasticus non est dies, vel posit in ea dire liberum sed dispensator illud ad Com. Sic nos existimaret homo, ut ministrorum. Christi, sacerdotales ministri Dei. Quotique cosanguinei pati, co-sacerdotales sunt atque digni. Alma lumen, tua in posteris cuisque locum beati viri vicis lumen honorificus et gratuitus conseilio tua societate. Nobis occurrunt tumendo caput, sic ostendunt nolunt. Mei impedit tori, ut tenearmus nulla apud paucis acceptatione. Quoties levitii principis coarum cano capite cogere. Scimus et benignus hoc perfone leniente hoc vis faciendum. Persona sentit nec sive verum non ad acceptionem personaliter autem quid spernit incre-qua quotiens leniter non sunt vis voluntas. Tum autem illud damni sacerdotii, si lumen ostendit iniquitas a sensibus populi uni ignoro, ut alijne sic late potest abus per sonarum acceptione, et ideo acceptio personarum nec est paucis consanguineos suos preferre, quia salutis, post in exhibitione honoris. Nobis hujus unius in hoc penitentiam, qui de ipso magis in hoc peccatu, super illud Iacobi Nota bene hanc honori potest, ut unanimiter securi negotia ecclesiae tractet, in inscriptional acceptione hereticorum hoc propter scandalo dimittendum, sed ex fide et excelglo. Augusti, hoc sicut in animo erat vis hoc aliqui exemplum sumerent etiam propter diuisionem, quod Iacobus dicit. Sunt trines in dignitate, bona et celeberrimae linguasundi. Ut in conventu vidimus viribus. Ad iudicium quod dissipatio matrimonii contrahendi principaliter fieri cedet, et pacts firmandus quod quem ad modum est aequitas circa personas excellentes. Et cuim ipso facile inuiteri abus per sollemni accepcioe personas. Dictum et factum, quod annulum aureum in legem interpretatur de quotidianis collegiis, quis hic non peccat, sed tamen pecat, si respectum causae est acceptio personas, et omnes propter divitas honorare dictus, enim quia in hominibus non naturam, qua ad imaginem Dei facta est. Lignum contra illi contrarium. Non ad accenurcni. Lignum, A do. Licuad (-acu confer uaitrncm.A. Tu S. Redundi. Ennerariame justitiam, ceterum quid sit, Ad hoc cum acccvtio pefniv. T ic.-ni lit fldi,m.;t ant. Or. iustitut niftua A lunda. Opinanceliadih u,.^ic. Qui. ct,i t in pratul. Locum uon hiat tui ctici v.i d coniar.diciiti umh. Sed diuitias horem, cum duiuix nen firstdibitaca honorari pertinebit hoc ad per JonarUm acccpiionem.cao p- sionarem acceptio noc spadtrii circa exhibitionem honoris. Si cum caua cft.quod dr in gl.Iac.x. Quicumque ductens feruanum, dctcil,$!i era stant mtclhgenda di. Non de honore unicut&lucr, sed de honore illi de to- Sed quia observuit utiulmno mjj.u ct, oMer- in:ia cft par; cfti- ex, & extendit (e ad dit: d nio:a!e,ur n foo uastatu pateb e inter ramhandanc ur.ivwf lineetis aliter tot. Klgo, 8 di sp ilud eo, g* liem giatudan laco.i.No de pecunia, qui. vhi, Ine in per quart.&c.r.6c:Oiter, so narum ptcoc6:rcalibeiahu acccpo. Ic atmn6facimiu Bibus. ttalictmtugramho norSdoal.qu, qua- re n6 oportet, cftpec cau-m tftna ofcftrui iS. Sec. hoc.ficst p&in, qa accp;fnon c&honotiadebiti.ut ei hononsdfbiti, iu I o et hcmirhict.Etppea qui non aliud ccgiiat n»si qttashqt vi Jnut eccuttn lia, 1.6 peccat honorando cum, rm rntcfl gtf hrnciarr jr»cm am,fcu habitudinem adutrtu. F.t per hoc pMici p lac. |^i introierit in istucntu ucftroJ e dirrs. Si hoc metelgafde ph.ee patet istio ad obiedta. Articuli illi. Ummin imdiiiii Lcum um&mi tua guid.t f t:\nii fnjlr.trum. A DoJaCTtM HIC pollicitus. Ic rurquod iniudieij lo cum r.on habeat peccatum acceptio pefnratu. Acceptio ClAc. CtHclfi propter diuittas honori pcc-. n.personarum oppositei distribuat. Etpariirationc.fi aliquis hobbittultix, notetur propter alias causas quae noue faciunt dignum honore quod pertinet ad acccptione pefnronalium. Ergo acceptio pefnronalium in exhibitione honoris et peccatum. Russk. Dicendi, honor tris quodriam ceitimoi.ium de virtute eius, qui honoratur; et ideo sola umus cui debita est. Distingui 1. maxime videntur ad laterem commutativam pertinere. Ergo, si acceptio non habeat loquem iniudiciis. Quotodienis, qui hic non peccat, sic utebatur in sole, non peccat in histrionum humanis structis. SUBLINGUAL. 354 ART. 1. 2. In articulo ducenti occurentia id quod, definitio ad tertium. Qua forma ludi circa net ad iudicium S Aristoteles determinavit. Et hanc futuri dubium, quia non quodrumque accipere et dare, sed aliter est causa lusti et malitiae. Ut patet. Bononicus honor debuit buus, luit non sumi. Propter quod stipulatio divisa, ubi honor non solus circa historiam. Et debuit solvenda, licet aut est modus donandi, sed donandi causa est. Et 16 exibito honori tuipotest Tu peccatum, partem patris, et per patrem, patet lolum oleum obiductioni. Niugia-tuissimi, qui ad hoc, cothurno alteri imputum, non absolutum, sed quidquid digessit 116 actibus vi, licet mihi qua dubitatio. Sententia arbitralis itest emptori et venditori, peculium nullum, et aliter modus non accipit sonum, sed acceptio non habet locum in Judiciis. Ut parumper (sicut, sedut), f3 Pratt, Judicium dicitur, in judicium singulare petitionem falsi cadendo dicere pupillis misercordes ab his qui peccato: quia gravius pununtur qui inferunt injurias in personas principum quam in personas aliorum. Ergo per sonam Dixi, quis potest honorari non solum propter virtutem suam, sed et propter virtutem alterius; licet principes et pro alatis honore sunt, etiam sic in fine malus in quantum gerunt persona Dei, et coorta ris cui praeveniunt, illud legem interpretatur. Sicut qui immittit epidiavicon in accrum Mercimium, ita qui tribuit infipienti honore. Quia Gentiles rationem assignabat Mercenio accrum Mercimium, et superest dicendum quod licet decrementum rationis, in quo meritium est ad justitiam. Sed hoc videtur esse accipere forum superis, ergo acceptio perfonali in judiciis non est peccatum. Sed contra est, quod dicit pronobis. Accipere personam in judicio non est bonum, cum decrementum rationis, in quo mercator quique mittit unum in loco et catum mercarium; ita etiam honoratur in speciem, qui ponit in loco Dei, in loco totius edictis. Et eadem ratio parentes Aduri sunt honorandi pro participatione divinae dignitas, qui et omnes pater et diis. Senes aut funt honorandi volutate, sed lignum virtutis, quod est in debito circumvinctum necesse est hoc lignum, quidquid in judicio disputatur, potest considerari. deficiat. Vnde, ut dixi. Vnus modus quituad ipfam re iudicium Senedius venerabilis est, non forma ad lustrimercium differens. Ad hoc distincionem, quia forma distributrix aut sessio in hoc, quod vivit, detur testimonium suum dignitati forma iudicii consortem hoc quaterni partis tam sit aequora contributa rursum, quod prius nota distinguit usus. Hoc enim conventio, quod in usu constituta, 16 forma in iudicio spedire distinguit justitiam in 9. actibus hoc, sed judicium indicium est ad iustitiam, putandum est index ad aequalem justitiam reducit ea, quia in aequitate opposita facere presumptiones at acceptio inaequalitatis quae hanc itus attribuit alicui per sortem portione sua in qua. Ad hanc conclusionem, quia in usu constituta, 16 forma in iudicio spedire distinguit justitiam in 9. actibus hoc, sed judicium indicium est ad iustitiam, putandum est index ad aequalem justitiam reducit ea, quia in aequitate opposita facere presumptiones at acceptio inaequalitatis quae hanc itus attribuit alicui per sortem portione sua in qua. conflictus, quod litis futitix. Et si manifestum est, quod "persone acceptione iudicii corruisit. Ad istam vim neergodicam, quae quidquid quoque est. Sed emoit partis pusillanimis, cuius lex est tua et voti tas. Ius quod, ut dicitur, est cerebello te. Et ut in quaestionis quod quis agit, "tosare choreographia ducenta" **j**a;, captitii, misere tu turpem, gestui, qui turpem turpem, gestui, qui turpem turpem, gestui, qui turpem turpem, gestui, qui turpem turpem. Et sed dolorem in cotidie quaestiones, quotidianus dolor, quem non numina diuturna, neque annorum unmero computata. Canis aut funus hos, et ustasi reservatis vita est immaculata. Et Divites aut honorandi sunt hic, et maiorem locum in constitutibus obtinent. Sicut solus intuitu divitarum honoratur, erit pecunia acceptio persona. Et catilae et sic iudicium te heri coiter ad computaria, et distributiva unam, justitiam indicii distinuit qualiter liquidus distributeur in multos, et qualiter alteri una relinquit, Sequitur eo accepit. Alii autem possunt confidere quid sit ad ipsam formam judicii, prout index etiam in ipsa commutatio qualitatis ab uno distribuendus est. Sed qua in idus iudicii metuenti accipere ab uno ordinem cautionem cuique secundum proprium: id eo ad lustitiam suadere. Et sed distribuendum est, forma iudicii cujque latere aurem quod ex eo, quod judex ex restituendo accepit, quandocque gravissimum ipsum non habere proportionem reddendum est. Et limitem dandum est alterno bonum aliquod, non plus, quam annuum dandum est. Et sic satis est furnas. Ergo edictum quod in re iudicata, solutio nutritione aut tributio Ciored in forma iudicii, est maiorem quam unius pro quo nulli persuaasio habendus est. Quasi dictum huic bonis major. Et si pecunia accipionis persona distribuita est, oppositio justitiae locum in iudicio habere potest. Hanc autem causam cessare potest articuli parend, ad 2. QVAEST. LXIII. ARTI CET. IL accipitur a alteri, dat: hoc per peccatum occidere bruta animalia, & plantarum. tenetur ad distributiam justitiam. Prima in lege divina non determinat spalium per Et secundum hoc in quolibet nisi per sanguinis occisus bovem vel ocalterium. Sed non determinata in lege divina, ut patet in iudicio locum habere potest personalium acceptio. Aliter secundum dicendum, quis cum punitur gravius propter iniuriam in majorem personam committam, non est per personalium acceptio, quia ipsa diversitas perloonc facit, quantam ad hoc determinatum, ut supradictum est. Aliter in iudicio quis debet subire quantum licet, tamen sine expressione in iustitia: alioquin non haberebant locum illud, quod in Exodo. pauperis quoque non misereberis in iudicio. QVADHOT. AEQUITAS LXIII. Si unius oppositae commutative iustitiae. Et prima considerandum est de peccatis, quae committuntur. Exemplo ergo occidere bruta animalia est peccatum. Sed contra, quod Augustinus dicit in libro de Civitate Dei: Cum audimt, "Noli occides, noli accipies hoc in sangwine defruetur," quia nulle peccuniae sens: nec desirorum malorum a quibus nulla nobis sponsionem focicant. Respondebo igitur ut incognita michi hoc quod dixit, "Noli occides." . Rebus dicata, nullus peccat ex hoc, quod ut in re aliqua ad hoc, ad quid cotte in rebus aut ordine imponi debita sunt, et in naturationis via natura ab imperfectis ad perfecta procedit. Et inde est, quod ut in generatione hispries, cillum, inde aital, ultimo aut hollywood et ea, quae sumunt ut pia solutio, facta sunt contra legem aitalia, olla aut aitalia facta sunt contra legem hominem. Et istoria utat in plantis ad utilitate aitalia, & aitalia ad utilitate hominum, non est illicitum, ut patet per Pulso in loco. Politiae internationales autusus maxime necessaria esse, effec, ut aitalia placitis utantur in cibo, & hones animalibus, quod sine mortificatione corpus heri nos potest. Et sic licitum est, si placitis mortificare in usum aitalia, & aitalia in usum hominum, ex ipa mittuntur circa involuntaria commuta in ordinatione divina. Dreeln.Gen.i.Ecclesiae dones. Secundo, de peccatis, quae committuntur circa commutationes voluntaria. Committuntur aut peccata circa involuntaria, & commutationes per hoc, quod aliquod nocumentum proximo inferre concurreret eius voluntati, quod quidem potest fieri dupliciter, scilicet, Sine fiducia, scilicet verbo. Falsum quidem, cum proximus Ius datur vel in persona propria, vel in persona aliena, vel in propriis rebus. De his ergo per ordinem considerandum est. Et prima de homicide, per quod maxime nocetur proximo. Et circa hoc quae gentes odierunt, odio herbarum, & universa ligna sunt vobis essca. Si cutlissent satiabuntur. Et Gen.9. Omne quod movetur, & vivit, cibus vobis est. Ad primum ergo dicendum, quod in ordinatione divina conception fierant vita aialium & plantarum, non pepsi malum. Ius phonemicum. Vnde ut Augustinus in 1. de civ. Dei. Illa Ultima ordinatione creatoris, vita, & mors corum noluit subditur. Ad secundum dicendum, quod aialia bruta, & plantae non habent vitam racionalem, per quae reasonem agant, tamen sentiempcraugantur quas habent salivam, naturali quemadmodum. Prima. Vetur occidere animalia bruta, vel etiam in pulpa, & hoc est lignum, quod est naturaliter fit peccatum. Secundo. Vetur occidere peccatorem, fit licitum. Tertio. Vetur in hoc liceat privatis personis, vel solo publico. Quarto, Vetur in hoc liceat clerico. Quinto. Vetur liceat alicui occidere seipsum. Ius, etiam in vetere lex, liceat occidere hominem suum. Septimo, Ut liceat alicui occidere hominem, sive pretendendo, sive defendendo. Octavo, Ut homicidium causale sit peccatum mortale. Amore, amo. Virum occidere juste, et unimtus fit illiim. Ad primum licet procedere, ut occidere quemque; ut quia fit illicitum, dicitur Apollonius ad Romanos, Qui crudelis et aliorum viribus accommodatus. Ad secondum dicendum, ut ille qui occidit hominem alteris peccat quemadmodum qui occidit hominem, sed quia dampficat hominem in re sua. Vidal, nolo continere sub pecato homicidii, sed sub peccato furoris, vel raptus. Articulus 11. per litem. It datus per ordinatio Dei resistitur, sed prohibitione acquiruntur. Si unus ducit te per vias firmis, et dat in oscas tua, ergo moritur a quaumque virtute videtur esse illicitum, quia praeterea homicidium est peccatum ex eo, quod homo privatur vita sua; et quia sed omnes animae liberi, et plantae, ergo eadem ratio Dei videtur esse licitum occidere quemque sine cedere. Ad secundum sic proceditur. Videtur quod non sit lictum occidere homines peccatores. Dominus in Matthaei 5, in parabola prohibuit excipere zizaniam, qui sunt filii; neque ibidem dicitur sed omne quid sit prohibitum, Deo, et peccatum. Ergo occidere peccatore est peccatum. Auctoritas humana confirmat, quod liceat occidere quemque sine cedere. Praeterea, in praevius, humana lex confirmatur divina, sed magis ad poenitentiam revertuntur. Et illud in Ezechie 8, "Mortui peccatoris sed magis ut cotidie cura, et vivat". Articulus 12. Fuit dubium, quod occidere in self-defense sit lictum. Nemo, sine dubio, in exercitium suum carpere, et occidere hominem, et in calibus exceptis, peccato mixto, homicidii, et aliorum Scriptura sacra fiscal, sed in Deo reum, et nulli isti actioni cesse, legi supradictae disciplinae. Sed Deo a tumulorum prohibuit dindendo ad isto. | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'bub_gb_D3aglfzKxvwC_48', 'collection': 'Latin-PD', 'open_type': 'Open Culture', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '1588.0', 'title': 'Summa totius theologiae s. Thomae de Aquino doctoris angelici ... Cum commentarijs, et opusculis r.d.d. Thomae de Vio Caietani ... Accessere quaestiones De motoribus orbium vna, altera vero De principio indiuiduationis ... Eruditissima fr. Chrysostomi Iauelli commentaria in primum tractatum Primae partis. S. Th. Quodlibeta, ac D', 'creator': "Tommaso : d'Aquino santo (santo)", 'language': 'Latin', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '7190', 'token_count': '13927', '__index_level_0__': '23859', 'original_id': '1348219991b4520e0d03475f3acdfe04ce3e89f7dc2195a446360c5d6f03ce7e'} |
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Animal Pragmatism
Written by: Chris Levinson and Jack Estrin
Transcribed by:
Shay Fitzpatrick
Season 2, Episode 13
Episode Number: 35
On the following link you can read some interesting facts about the TV show “Friends”.
[Scene: College. Phoebe’s in class.]
Professor: The lions observed in the Ingoro goro crater of Tanzania, mated on average once an hour for a week straight. Before I lose half the room to that thought, answer me this. Where does it begin? And the purpose of all animals is that the proliferation of the species, right? (Phoebe sees a guy staring at her. She smiles.) But it isn’t as easy as your nest or mine. It starts with a series of mating rituals. First, the animal must get the attention of the object it desires. (Phoebe looks at the guy again and she brushes her hair back.) Next, there must be a sign that the interest is mutual. (Three of Phoebe’s friends are sitting behind her. One of them shows another something in a book. They giggle. Phoebe turns around.)
Phoebe: What’s up with my study group having fun without me?
Andrea: Sorry, Phoebe, you looked busy.
Professor: Use your time in section tomorrow, tail line your group’s thesis, be specific. Better yet, just spell check. See you next week.
(Everyone starts packing up. Phoebe turns around and looks at the cover of the book that Andrea is holding.)
Phoebe: Is that a book of love spells?
Andrea: Yeah, found it in the valentine display over at the campus bookstore.
(She hands it to Phoebe.)
Tessa: It’s stupid.
Brooke: Is not.
Andrea: We just figured, you know, since we’re dateless this year, maybe it’ll give us some laughs.
(Phoebe laughs to herself while reading the book.)
Brooke: What?
Phoebe: Oh, nothing. It’s just they’ve got it backwards. You’d never say it in that order. First you say what’s lacking and then what’s needed. Here, try this. “From strike of twelve count twenty-four, that’s how long the spell is for, if to abate my lonely heart, enchant these gifts I thee impart.” See? (They stare at her shocked.) Um, I’m doing a paper on the growing popularity of witchcraft. Hey, if you guys want something fun to do tomorrow night, you should check out my sister’s club.
(She hands them a flier.)
Tessa, Brooke: Cool.
Phoebe: No dates required.
Andrea: Okay.
Tessa: We’ll be there.
Phoebe: See you at the section tomorrow. (Phoebe stands up. Ethan, the guy that was staring at her, walks over to her.) Hey, there’s a party tomorrow night. (She gets a flier out of her bag.) You should come.
Ethan: Why?
Phoebe: Because I’ll be there.
[Scene: College. The dorm. Andrea, Tessa and Brooke are about to do the love spell. A pig, a rabbit and a snake are on the floor.]
Tessa: Okay, I’m freaked. Can we turn some lights on?
Brooke: No, we can’t. Can we?
Andrea: It’ll spoil the mood. Come on, it says to join hands.
(They join hands.)
Tessa: We’re not gonna hurt them are we? Because I promised Ben that I would get his pig back to him tomorrow.
Brooke: It’s a joke spell, Tessa. This is just supposed to be fun. I mean, you can choose any animal to turn into a man and you chose a pig.
Tessa: Well, it’s frankly known that pigs are the most intelligent species, that’s why.
Brooke: Well, then we all know why Andrea chose the rabbit.
Andrea: Just keep your fingers clear. He scratches.
Brooke: Kinky. Exactly why I brought a snake.
Andrea: Okay, let’s do this. Say it with me.
Andrea, Tessa, Brooke: “From strike of twelve count twenty-four, that’s how long the spell is for, turn these gifts into a mate, and then my lonely heart abate.”
(Nothing happens.)
Tessa: Okay, that was fun. Can I go now?
Andrea: Wait, didn’t Phoebe say some of the words were wrong?
Brooke: Why don’t you call her?
Andrea: I don’t have to. The power of technology.
(She gets her tape recorder and plays it.)
Phoebe’s voice: No dates required. (Andrea rewinds the tape.) From strike of twelve count twenty-four, that’s how long the spell is for, if to abate my lonely heart, enchant these gifts I thee impart.
(A bright light and smoke fill the room. Then the animals turn into three naked men.)
Opening Credits
[Scene: Manor. Kitchen. Piper’s there. Prue comes in looking like she just woke up.]
Piper: What’s wrong with this picture?
Prue: Okay, is that rhetorical or do I actually have to open my eyes to look at something?
Piper: Well, it’s a weekday and Phoebe Halliwell is already at campus, while Prue Halliwell, master of the morning meetings, sultan of scheduling and queen of…
Prue: Cut it.
Piper: How’s it feel to be footloose and office free?
Prue: Amazing. You know what I’m gonna do today?
Piper: What?
Prue: Absolutely nothing.
Piper: Really? Really, Prue? Nothing entails physically doing nothing, thinking about nothing and worrying about nothing, as suppose to your sister here who’s so in the middle of something.
Prue: Okay, sweetie, what is wrong?
Piper: Well, for starters there is tomorrow. (Prue doesn’t know what she’s talking about.) Valentines Day.
Prue: Wow, I completely forgot. See? I’m doing nothing already.
Piper: And Dan wants me to have a V-day dinner with him.
Prue: Oh, that’s good.
Piper: Yeah, except for the fact that there’s…
Prue: Leo. I mean, he is mortal now, doesn’t that change things? Piper, you’re my sister and I’m with you whatever and whoever you choose.
[Scene: College. The dorm.]
Pig guy: I need to eat.
(The rabbit guy comes out of Andrea’s room.)
Rabbit guy: Another satisfied customer.
Tessa: (to the pig) You’ve already eaten everything in our fridge. Brooke will be back with food any minute. Just wait, okay?
Rabbit guy: Whoa, what are we supposed to do until then?
Snake guy: Fine question. What should we do? You two are acting like nothing’s changed. Like you’re still trapped in the confines of your cages. Behaving like animals.
Tessa: That’s what you are.
Snake guyNot anymore, thanks to you. You’ve been given a gift. It’s time to take it out for a test drive. What it looks like from up here.
Tessa: You can’t. I mean, you have to stay here. (They walks towards the door.) Wait.
(They walk outside in the hallway and they are still naked.)
Girl: (pleased with what she sees) Ohh!
(They walk down the hallway. Ethan walks around the corner holding a basket full of his clothes. He stops in front of them.)
Snake: Is there a problem?
Ethan: Uh, yeah, try covering up, dude.
(They look down and notice they’re naked.)
Snake: Remedy the situation.
(The rabbit pushes Ethan against the wall and takes his basket.)
Ethan: Hey! Hey, man.
(The rabbit pushes him and scratches him and he falls to the floor.)
[Scene: P3. Piper carries a huge heart made out of flowers over to the bar. She notices a small bunch of flowers lying on the bar.]
Piper: Who are these for?
(Leo pops up from behind the bar.)
Leo: They’re for you. I know they’re not much.
Piper: They’re beautiful. Um, but Leo…
Leo: But it’s, you know, the best I could do. You know, no I.D., no transportation, no money. I just wanted you to have something to mark the day.
Piper: Thank you. I have something for you too. Although not nearly as romantic but still a good thing. (She holds up some money.) Your first pay cheque, or cash rather. I thought it would be easier.
(She hands it to him.)
Leo: So did I. Anyway, thanks. Looks like after everything, I’m still working for the Charmed Ones.
Piper: Is all this… you doing okay with it?
Leo: Yeah, I gotta make it up as I go. Piper, if me being here is awkward for you…
Piper: No, um, what’s there to be awkward about?
Leo: These go in the back, right?
(He picks up a tray of glasses and takes them to the store room.)
Piper: Mmm hmm. (Dan comes down the stairs carrying a big bunch of flowers. He walks over to Piper.) What are those? I thought that we were gonna wait until tonight.
(He puts them on the bar covering up Leo’s flowers.)
Dan: You’re right. (He picks them back up.) I should take them back.
Piper: Don’t you dare. Give them to me. (He gives them to her.) They’re beautiful. Thank you. (They hug. Dan sees Leo walk out of the store room.)
Dan: Uh, Piper.
Piper: Mmm hmm.
Dan: Is there something you wanted to tell me?
Piper: Not that I know of.
Dan: You sure?
(Leo walks up to them.)
Leo: Dan.
Dan: Leo. (Leo walks between them and picks up the huge heart made of flowers. He walks away with it.) You never mentioned he was here.
Piper: Leo’s here. You’re right. I meant to and then things got busy, so, um, I didn’t and I’m sorry. He’s just helping out.
Dan: With what exactly?
Piper: Um, you know, handy man, busboy, bar back, security type stuff. He needed a place to and it’s really not a big deal, Dan.
Dan: That’s just the point, it is. When you were sick, you called out his name, not mine and I was right there with you. When he’s around, you’re, I don’t know, different. We’re different. How do you want me to handler that?
Piper: And to tell you truth, if the situation were reversed, I don’t know how I would feel. But I do know how I feel right now.
Dan: How do you feel?
Piper: Like for the first time in a very long time I’m actually looking forward to a valentines day dinner and you’re the the reason.
(He hugs her and Leo watches them from the other side of the room.)
Commercial Break
[Scene: Manor. Living room. Prue’s sitting on the couch. She’s on the phone.]
Prue: Uh, is Brianna there? Of course she’s at work. Um, yeah, hi, this is Prue calling. No, you can actually just erase that number. She can reach me at home. Home, I’ll be home. Okay, bye. (She hangs up. She sees a vase of flowers on the dresser. She tries to centre it using her power but it keeps sliding over too far. She sits there looking bored. The phone rings and she answers it.) Prue Hall… hello?
Phoebe: Hello, yourself. How is the life of leisure going?
Prue: It’s great. I don’t know why you ever gave it up.
Phoebe: Yeah, because that house is only big enough for one home bound Halliwell. Hey, I’m just on my way to class but I wanted to know if Brooke or Andrea or Tessa called.
Prue: No, no one called. Nobody. Zip. Nada. Zilch.
[Cut to Phoebe.]
Phoebe: That is so weird. They never showed up for our section today.
(Pig guy sees a barbeque with sausages on it and a sign with a pig holding a hot dog. He grabs the guy cooking the sausages.)
Pig guy: How could you do this to them? (He throws the guy on the ground and picks up the sausages.) Run, run my brothers! Run free! (He throws them up in the air.)
Prue: Um, so hey, Phoebe, I was wondering if maybe we could meet for lunch and if you’re pressed for time, then I can just come to campus.
Phoebe: Actually I was gonna pick up a sandwich on the way to class.
Prue: Okay, so what about after class? We could go to the gym. (Phoebe sees the rabbit guy hurting a girl.) Pheebs?
Phoebe: I gotta go, Prue. (She hangs up.)
Girl: You’re hurting me. Stop! Get off!
(Phoebe walks over to them and taps the rabbit guy on the shoulder.
Phoebe: Hey, is there a problem? (Phoebe has a premonition of the rabbit guy biting someone. The premonition ends and the rabbit guy turns around and Phoebe trips him. He runs off.) Are you okay?
Girl: Yeah.
(Phoebe runs after the rabbit guy. She sees him jump over a wall with one leap.)
Commercial Break
[Scene: P3. Prue walks in. Piper’s wrapping Dan’s present.]
Prue: Oh, we so have to cancel your Martha Stewart subscription.
(She sits down.)
Piper: When I start making flower boxes out of milk cartons, then you can shoot me.
Prue: So, um, do you need help with anything?
Piper: What happened to doing nothing?
Prue: I’m finished.
Piper: You can’t finish doing nothing.
Prue: So then how do you know when you’re done?
Piper: Put your finger on this. (Prue puts her finger on a ribbon.) It’s for Dan.
Prue: What did you get him?
Piper: A book on San Francisco architecture. I know, I know, it’s a little too impersonal for valentines day but…
Prue: No, no. Show’s that you know him. It’s perfect for him. Uh, what did you get Leo?
Piper: Leo? But should I? Tonight?
Prue: Yeah.
(Phoebe enters.)
Phoebe: Hi.
Prue: Hey.
Phoebe: Okay, guess what I saw on Pheeb TV.
Piper: No, not a premonition. It’s valentines day. Can’t there be some kind of supernatural day off?
Prue: What did you see?
Phoebe: There was a guy on campus harassing this girl, so I tried to stop him and wham! it was really weird. Like a guy biting a girl.
Piper: Biting? Or kissing? It is that time of year, it could’ve been kissing.
Phoebe: Hmm, maybe, it could of been I guess.
Piper: Most people kiss on valentines day, except of course for witches. No, witches don’t get to kiss on valentines day because something always comes up.
Prue: Okay, so maybe it was just some drunk frat guy and his chick of the moment.
Phoebe: Yeah, maybe. It just, it wasn’t very clear. And then I followed him and I think he jumped over this wall.
Prue: He jumped over a wall?
Phoebe: Yeah, well, there was a ladder pretty close.
Piper: Phoebe, come on. Doesn’t anybody care that I have dinner plans tonight with Dan?
(Piper holds up the book.)
Phoebe: Oh, honey, is that what he got you? I mean, it’s nice and all just a little impersonal. (Piper groans, crosses her arms on the table and buries her head in them.) What’d you get for Leo? What’d you get Leo?
[Scene: College. The dorm corridor.]
Tessa: But we missed section.
Andrea: It’s valentines day. I wanna find my date.
Tessa: Are you sure? I mean, this isn’t natural. You said it was just a joke and now they are human beings.
Andrea: Pretty cool, huh?
Tessa: No, no it’s not. I think we should turn them back.
Brooke: Just chill. We’ll just until midnight and they’ll turn back on their own.
Andrea: Yeah.
(They walk in their room. The rabbit, pig and snake guy are there. The snake’s holding the spell book.)
Snake guy: What does this mean?
Andrea: It’s a spell. That’s what made you human.
Rabbit guy: Yes, but for how long?
(You see his fingers are starting to turn back into rabbit claws.)
Snake Guy: He asked you a question.
Brooke: Twenty-four hours. Actually now it�s more like twelve.
Snake Guy: Well, fix it. We�ve decided we would like to stay this way.
Rabbit Guy: Yeah, we�re having fun.
Andrea: Yeah, sure looks like it. Am I wrong here but aren�t you supposed to be mine?
Snake Guy: Aren�t you having fun, Andrea? You know, you can have much more fun if we had more time.
Brooke: I might know how.
Tessa: No.
Brooke: Okay, we can’t but I might know someone who might. Phoebe. She�ll be at the party tonight.
Andrea: Wait, I have the class roster. I know where she lives.
Snake Guy: Show us the way.
Pig Guy: Uh, we�re gonna eat though, right?
Tessa: Guys, I really don�t think we should�
Snake Guy: Why don�t you go on ahead. We�ll catch up. (Brooke and Andrea leave.) Now why do you have to be such a little trouble maker?
Commercial Break
[Scene: Book store. Phoebe and Piper are picking out a card for Leo.]
Piper: Thanks for keeping me company.
Phoebe: Better here than at the club with Prue. Her boredom has turned her into the demon of declaration.
Piper: Why don�t they make a card that says “You used to be my Whitelighter and now your wings are clipped and now you�re sleeping in my club.”
Phoebe: Or how about “you snooze, you lose and now I�m getting naked with the neighbour.” (Piper hits her on the arm.) Ow, hey. (Phoebe picks up a card.) How about this one? (She reads it.) Oh, yeah, yeah, very sweet. Ta assussa sasa.
Piper: And what is that supposed to say?
Phoebe: That says something in Portuguese but at least you won�t have to worry about him taking it the wrong way.
Piper: Thank you. (Phoebe notices the spell book in the shop.) “To the special person who lights up my day. I�ll treasure you always.”
Phoebe: Ohh, of course.
Piper: And then I�ll spit up on myself.
(Phoebe laughs.)
Phoebe: Ooh, the girls in school are reading this. (She picks up the spell book.) The ones in my class. We are so in right now.
Piper: We are not in. Love is and this stuff gives people hope that they can find it.
Phoebe: Yeah, the problem is people think they can get into magic without dealing with the consequences.
Piper: But this stuff, none of it�s like in the Book of Shadows. For one thing, it doesn�t really work. I mean, normal people can�t make this work. (Phoebe remembers something.) Right? Pheebs?
Phoebe: Not without a little help. Um, I have to go call Prue. I think I need her help with something.
(Phoebe runs off.)
Piper: Something to do? She�ll be thrilled. (Piper picks up another card.) Okey dokey. (All it says on it is “For you always.”) Now that�s a card. (She puts it back and picks up another one.) This�ll do.
(She leaves. You see Leo standing in the next aisle. He�s holding the “For you always” card.)
[Scene: P3. Piper walks down the stairs.]
Piper: Hello? Worker bees? Anyone? (She notices petals on the floor leading to somewhere. She follows them into the alcove. She opens the curtains and sees wine and glasses on the table. Dan�s there holding a tulip.)
Dan: I�m sure this�ll ruin the dinner that I�m gonna buy you tonight but�
Piper: You are so sweet. (She looks at the bottle of wine.) Piper red label?
Dan: Well, with a name like that, I figured it would be the best. I mean, this is our first holiday. The holiday invented by Hallmark. But it�s just the same. (Piper�s still holding the card for Leo and she hides it behind her back so Dan doesn�t see.)
Dan: Is that for me?
Piper: Uh�
(He takes the card and reads it.)
Dan: “To a dear friend on Valentines Day.” Piper, it�s nice to know that you�re deeply in like with me. It isn�t for me, it�s for Leo, isn�t it?
Piper: What do you want me to say?
Dan: How about no.
Piper: Dan, you read it. Read it again. It says to a friend. And I�m sorry but I�m not interested in ending that particular friendship.
Dan: I�m not sure that�s all he sees it as.
Piper: I come with a past. We all do. It�s a package. One I would like to share with you but you can�t pick and choose. You get all of me.
Dan: Do I?
Piper: Okay, um, I�ve gotta work, so why don�t I just see you tonight.
Dan: Fine.
(He walks away.)
Piper: Fine. Oh, I just love Valentines Day.
[Scene: Manor. The rabbit guy smashes the glass on the front door and puts his hand in to open the door.]
Brooke: You can�t do this.
Andrea: This is going too far.
(They walk inside.)
Snake Guy: Rules like cages, were meant to be broken.
Brooke: Okay, since leaving campus, you guys have beaten a pedestrian to a pulp and played chicken with a car. Are you on something?
Andrea: Or just your average crazy? Look, Tessa seemed fine but if she�s really not feeling well like you said, we should go home. Or at least call her.
Snake Guy: We need Phoebe.
(The pig guy pulls some skin off the back of the snake guys neck and there�s snake skin underneath.)
Andrea: Oh, my God.
Pig Guy: What�s happening?
Rabbit Guy: We�re changing back.
Brooke: The spell said this would happen. Look, Phoebe�s not here and there�s nothing we can do to change things. It�s not like we made up the rules.
Andrea: God, Tessa was right. We shouldn�t have done this.
(The snake grabs Andrea. She screams and he bites her on the neck. She falls to the floor.)
Snake Guy: She talked too much.
(The rabbit guy grabs Brooke.)
Brooke: Don�t touch me.
Pig guy: Guys stop! This isn’t fun anymore.
Rabbit guy: Yes it is.
Snake guy: Next time you want a dangerous man, you might wanna make sure he’s not poisonous.
(She screams and he bites her on the neck. She falls on the floor.)
Pig guy: Why’d you do that?
Snake guy: Paper. Give me the paper.
(The rabbit gets Phoebe’s flier out of his pocket and gives it to him.)
Pig guy: Are they…?
Snake guy: They will be.
Rabbit guy: Don’t we need both of them and Phoebe for the spell? That’s how it worked before.
Snake guy: Four hours until we turn back. Four hours until they die from the poison. I think that information might motivate this Phoebe to help us. (His snake tongue sticks out.) Her scent, it’s everywhere. She’s not here right now.
Pig guy: Let’s go home, okay guys. I’ve had enough. We’re not meant to be like this. (He starts crying. They walk up to him.) What? Come on, guys, what? No. Not me.
(They both squeeze him really hard and he starts squealing like a pig. He falls to the floor.)
Snake guy: I didn’t think he’d ever shut up.
[Scene: College. The dorms. Phoebe and Prue are walking down the hallway.]
Prue: Since when do mortals cast spells that actually work?
Phoebe: Look, I know that book is probably a total cheese fest, but what if? The spell called for living objects, my premonition and that guy who could leap tall buildings in a single bounce. Something is wrong, I know it.
(A guy walks past them wearing only a towel.)
Prue: Oh, hire education. Maybe, I need to come back to college to study something.
(They walk up to Tessa, Brooke, and Andrea’s room. Ethan’s there.)
Phoebe: Oh, Ethan.
Ethan: Hey.
Phoebe: What happened, honey?
(She notices the cut on his forehead.)
Ethan: Oh, it’s nothing. Just some drunk frat guy.
Prue: Yeah, seems to be a lot of that going around.
Phoebe: Uh, this is my sister Prue.
Ethan: Hey.
Prue: Hey.
Ethan: Well, I just knocked buy nobody was in. I thought I’d give them some hell for missing section today but, I mean, Andrea and Brooke would totally bail out but it doesn’t really seem like Tessa, you know. Then again, it is valentines day, maybe they had something better to do.
(Phoebe stares dreamily at Ethan.)
Phoebe: Do you?
Prue: Okay, gotta go, busy, busy. Nice meeting you, Ethan.
(They shake hands.)
Ethan: Nice to meet you and I’ll see you tonight.
Phoebe: Okay.
(Ethan walks past them and Phoebe goes to follow but Prue stops her.)
Prue: I’m sorry, okay.
Phoebe: Oh, you’re right. Love needs a backseat to duty.
Prue: What’s that about love in a backseat? (She uses her power and unlocks the door. They walk in.) Because mum, dad, your birth. That’s how you were. God, this place is a mess. I mean, boys are bad but this is a pig sty.
Phoebe: I don’t think they did this.
Prue: Hey, is this the spell book?
(The book’s on the floor.)
Phoebe: Yeah.
(They hear noises in the closet.)
Prue: What was that?
Phoebe: It’s in the closet.
(They walk over and open the closet. Tessa is in there locked in a cage.)
Commercial Break
[Scene: Manor. Living room. Prue, Phoebe and Tessa are there.]
Phoebe: Look Tessa, I know what you’ve been through has been really hard but the only way that we can help you is if you tell us what happened.
Tessa: There’s no way that you’d understand.
Prue: You won’t find two more understanding people in this particular instincts.
Tessa: It just sounds crazy and you’ll think that I’m…
Phoebe: Very brave for facing whatever it is.
Tessa: You remember that spell that we showed you in class? Well, it worked. Not liked it helped us meet guys, it helped us make guys out of animals.
Phoebe: And you did this from the spell in that book?
Tessa: Yeah, and we even played back the tape that we were recording in class so we could here your corrections for the spell. (Phoebe and Prue look at each other.) But before we had a chance to chant the new version, there they were.
Prue: Alright, so what is it you think these men want with you?
Tessa: I don’t know. Maybe it’s our fault because we tried to make them into something they’re not.
Phoebe: No, you can’t blame yourself for the action of other people. We’re gonna fix this. First we have to fix you. I’ll be right back. (She walks in the kitchen and looks in a cupboard.) If I were hydrogen peroxide, where would I be? (She hears a noise in a closet.)
[Cut back to Prue and Tessa. Prue notices the broken glass on the door.]
Prue: Phoebe!
[Cut back to Phoebe.]
Phoebe: Prue, where do we keep the hydrogen peroxide?
(Phoebe opens a closet and the pig guy falls out on top of her. Prue and Tessa run in the kitchen. Phoebe pushes the pig off her.)
Tessa: Oh my gosh. He was one of them, except he didn’t look like that.
Prue: The spell must be wearing off.
Phoebe: They’re starting to look and act more like animals.
Prue: Alright, look, they have killed one of their own, there’s no telling what they’re gonna do or what they already have done to your friends.
Phoebe: Do you know what they want?
Tessa: You.
Phoebe: What?
Tessa: They’re having fun and they wanna stay this way and Andrea told them that you’d be able to help them.
Phoebe: Where are they now?
Tessa: There. (She gets the flier off the fridge.) That’s where I think they’ll be.
[Scene: Side of the road. The snake guy and rabbit guy are there with a broken down car. A car drives past and they wave him to stop.]
Man: You guys need some help?
Snake guy: You could say that. I think we’re outta gas.
Man: What can I do for you?
(The snake guy’s eyes turn into snake eyes.)
Snake guy: You could not scream.
(The rabbit guy jumps on the bonnet of the car. Then the snake guy jumps on the roof, runs across it, leans over the edge and strangles the guy. Rabbit guy opens the boot of the other car and Andrea and Brooke are in there.)
Rabbit guy: Okay, ladies, papa’s gotta brand new set of wheels.
[Scene: P3. Piper’s talking on her cell phone.]
Piper: Prue, the place is full of snakes. How am I suppose to pick out the right one? Did I mention I have dinner plans with Dan? Okay, you’re five minutes away? Okay, as fast as you can would be good.
(She hangs up.)
Leo: Everything okay?
Piper: Of course not. Prue and Phoebe have found a problem. Two of them actually and they’re bringing their dates here.
Leo: On the night when you have a date of your own, huh?
Piper: Just ear mark anyone looking for Phoebe.
(Ethan walks up to Piper and Leo.)
Ethan: Excuse me, you wouldn’t happen to know if Phoebe Halliwell is anywhere around here, would you?
Piper: She should be here any minute and if you’d sit down over there and don’t move you’d have a perfect view.
(Ethan goes over and sits at the bar.)
Leo: You think he’s…
Piper: Could be.
Leo: Let me help.
Piper: No, Leo, thank you, but now that you’ve lost your wings, I’m… I don’t want you to get hurt.
(Leo sees Dan walk down the stairs and he walks away. Dan comes up to Piper.)
Dan: Hey. Will you be my valentine?
Piper: I hope so. Especially after…
Dan: Today. Well, tonight’s tonight. So let’s get started.
Piper: Um, about that.
Dan: You’re kidding. Just tell me you’re kidding.
Piper: What?
Dan: Wait, let me guess, It’s something with your sisters, or maybe you’ll be vague and just say something important’s come up, or my favourite of all time – it’s a matter of life and death.
Piper; Actually, what I was going to say, if you would let me, is that I’m running a little late and could you please wait for me at the bar.
(She walks away. The rabbit and snake guy enter the club. They walk around looking for Phoebe. Prue, Phoebe and Tessa enter the club. Phoebe’s holding a pen and paper.)
Leo: Hi guys.
Prue: Hey.
Leo: Piper’s stressing in the alcove.
Prue: Tessa, Leo, Leo, Tessa. Can you watch her for us for a little while please?
Leo: Yeah, sure.
Prue: Phoebe, how’s the spell coming?
Phoebe: It’d be coming a lot better if I could get my hands on a pinch of the salt of life.
Leo: We got the salt of margaritas.
Phoebe: I will take it.
(Prue and Phoebe go in the alcove.)
Tessa: So, who are you?
Leo: I’m, uh, just a friend.
[Cut to the alcove.]
Prue: Hey, how’s my stressed out sister and her something?
Piper: Well, we’ve moved past something and straight into everything. The view sucks, I don’t recommend it. How goes the battle plan?
Prue: Well, we didn’t find anything in the Book Of Shadows.
Phoebe: Which makes sense because the animen or whatever were created by careless magic, not supernatural evil.
Piper: So where does that leave us?
Prue: In the hands of our spellbinding sister who’s writing a little hocus pocus to turn these men back into animals before they get completely out of control.
Phoebe: Easier said than done. I do not work well under pressure.
Prue: Any sign of him?
Piper: Well, I’ve been watching that one who came in looking for Phoebe but he doesn’t seem so creepy.
(They look at Ethan.)
Prue: Yeah, the only magic Phoebe wants to work on him is personal. That’s her date.
Piper: Oh. Why do we seem to have a habit of gathering our men at the scene of the supernatural smack down?
Phoebe: It’s part of our charm.
(Morris arrives.)
Morris: Hey, ladies.
Piper: Hey, Darryl. Please tell me you’re here for a nice romantic evening with your wife.
Darryl: No, that’d be what I’m late for.
Piper: Join the club.
Morris: I’m here as a friend. It’s not my case ——-. string of violent crimes in the campus, to your neighbourhood, all the way here to the parking lot. Stolen blue and grey ——— were driving – parked outside. A couple of units are on their way, so…
Prue: Thanks for the heads up.
Piper: I’ll warn security.
(Leo comes in and hands the salt to Phoebe.)
Phoebe: Oh, thanks Leo.
Leo: Uh, Tessa says Andrea and Brooke aren’t here.
Tessa: But they are.
(They see snake guy and rabbit guy coming towards them.)
Snake guy: Phoebe, so nice to smell you.
Phoebe: He just spotted me.
(The snake peels some skin off his face and snake skin is underneath.)
Prue: Okay, how are we doing on that spell?
Phoebe: You know, you keep throwing this ‘we’ word around and I don’t see you doing anything.
(Morris gets out his gun.)
Morris: Wait.
Prue: Darryl, no! (Morris goes up to the snake and rabbit. Prue astral projects in front of him.) Darryl, wait.
Phoebe: Okay, I got it.
Snake guy: (to Prue) Make us human. By the time we find your friends, they’ll be dead.
Phoebe: Okay. “Something wicked in our midst, in human form these spirits dwell…”
Prue: Phoebe, no!
(Prue astral projects back in her body.)
Phoebe: “Make them animals sayth the spell.”
Prue: Phoebe, they hid the girls. Okay, we need to keep them human until we find out where they are.
(Phoebe looks out of the alcove and sees everyone in the club has turned into animals.)
Phoebe: Ohh!
Prue: Okay, what’s going on?
Phoebe: Uh, the good news is the spell worked.
Prue: And the bad news?
Phoebe: The spell worked on everyone.
(Prue and Piper look out of the alcove.)
Piper: I don’t have a permit for this kind of party.
Commercial Break
[Scene: P3. Prue and Piper are putting the rabbit and snake in boxes.]
Piper: (singing) Old McPiper had a farm… (They hear a cow moo.) Was that a moo? Phoebe, fix this.
Phoebe: Rome was not built in a day, Piper.
Piper: Yeah, but my club was ruined in a blink of an eye.
Prue: At least we don’t have to try and figure out what species our innocence are.
Phoebe: Yeah, but if Tessa’s right and they’re not here, then what?
Prue: Well, right before you cast the spell, the snake said something about if we don’t make them human, then the girls will die.
Piper: Okay, so how much time do we have?
Phoebe: Tessa said the spell lasts for twenty-four hours and they cast it at midnight, so…
Piper: That’s in thirty-five minutes.
Prue: Didn’t Morris say something about the man’s stolen car parked somewhere outside?
Piper: Yeah, followed by the police who are on their way here right now.
Phoebe: Okay, you know, I made this mess, let me clean it up. You guys have to find Brooke and Andrea because if my premonition was right…
Piper: As they always are.
Phoebe: And they probably were both bitten by that snake, which means that if they don’t get medical attention they could die.
Prue: Alright, we’ll go try find something in the car, a hint that will lead us to them.
Piper: Okay, Phoebe, you try and turn this room back and we will try to find the girls and…
(A monkey kisses Phoebe on the cheek.)
Phoebe: Um, uh…
Piper: Go kiss someone else.
Prue: Let’s take these guys with us, make sure they don’t turn human.
(They pick up the boxes.)
Piper: Are you sure we’ve got the right ones?
Prue: Well, yeah, it was the only rabbit and snake next to each other.
Phoebe: And the only two that put up a fight. (Prue and Piper start walking towards the door.) Whoa, they’re fleeing. Piper, how about a little supernatural choral? (Piper freezes all the animals.) Thank you. (Prue and Piper leave.) Okay, I would like you all to know that I’m vegetarian, okay. I have never eaten any of you.
[Cut to outside. Prue and Phoebe are carrying the boxes out to the car park.]
Prue: Why do I have to carry the poisonous snake?
Piper: Because you’re the oldest.
Prue: So?
Piper: So you’ve lived a full life.
Prue: Wait, you think that’s the car over there?
Piper: What, you want me to ask him?
(She shakes the box.)
Prue: You know what? You’re a smart ass. Come on, we don’t have much time.
(They walk over to the car and puts the boxes on the ground.)
[Cut back to Phoebe. The animals unfreeze. A dog starts eating Phoebe’s herbs.]
Phoebe: No! Bad dog. Icksnay on icklingay. Alright, you know what? Nobody bothers the witch, okay. If we all remain calm, I will have everything under control and back to normal, alright?
[Cut back to Prue and Piper. They’d just finished looking in the car.]
Piper: Nothing. Now what?
Prue: Trunk. (Prue uses her power and opens the trunk. They see Brooke and Andrea there.) Oh my God.
(Piper feels their pulse.)
Piper: They have a pulse. It’s still there but it’s faint and we need to get them to the hospital now.
Prue: Alright.
[Cut back to Phoebe.]
Phoebe: “Undo the magic acted here, reverse the spell so all is clear.”
(All the animals turn back into humans.)
[Cut back to outside. The rabbit and snake turn back into humans as well. The snake grabs Piper. The rabbit goes over to Prue.]
Prue: Piss off, Thumper! (She uses her power and he crashes into wooden boxes. The snake tries to bite Piper.) Oh, oh!
Piper: What’s happening?
Prue: Phoebe reversed the spell. It must of worked on all the animals. Piper, hold on.
(Prue uses her power and Piper and the snake fly through the air and hit the wall. The rabbit jumps on and she kicks him off. Piper grabs a long piece of wood and hits him between the legs.)
Piper: How’s it feel to be a man now? (She punches him in the face and knocks him out. The rabbit gets ready to scratch Prue and Piper freezes him.) What do you say we wake up Dr. Poison here and move him… move, uh, Thumper there right into his fangs.
Prue: I’ve got a better idea. Come on.
[Time lapse. A policeman is putting snake guy and the rabbit guy in the car.]
Rabbit guy: At least we’re human for good now.
Snake guy: Shut up.
(The car drives off. Prue, Piper and Phoebe are standing there.)
Prue: So it looks like they got what they wanted. They get to be treated like humans.
Phoebe: And caged like them too.
(Morris comes up to them.)
Morris: You three sure are re-writing my book on public service.
Piper: So the girls are gonna be okay?
Morris: Yeah. They’re on their way to the hospital. I think you found them just in time. How did… I’m not even gonna ask.
Prue: Remember when our biggest concern on valentines day was who to spent it with?
Piper: Still is.
Prue: Yeah, maybe for you. I was dateless tonight.
Phoebe: Speaking of dates – don’t I have one in there?
[Cut to inside. Phoebe is dancing with Ethan and Prue and Piper are sitting at the bar.]
Prue: You know, I never knew how exhausting not having a job could be.
Piper: Table four needs to be bust.
Prue: Okay, I’m serious. No, it’s like having a job just sort of made this whole charmed thing less stressful. It gave me something else to worry about.
Piper: So the Prue of old wins out after all.
Prue: I like being busy.
Piper: And why mess with a good thing?
Prue: Yeah, I just need to find something that I love getting busy at.
Piper: Speaking of getting busy, check out our little sister.
(They watch Phoebe dancing with Ethan.)
Prue: Oh, my. Just hope she doesn’t do eighties dancing. I’m ready to go home. Bye.
(She leaves.)
[Cut to Phoebe and Ethan.]
Ethan: Phoebe, there’s something…
Phoebe: Oh, no, in my teeth? (You see a feather in her hair. He takes it out.) Oh! That’s, uh, that’s-that’s-that’s really strange.
Commercial Break
[Scene: P3. Dan and Piper are sitting at the bar.]
Dan: You’re not a beck and call kind of girl, I get that.
Piper: I have a job that takes time, a family that takes time and making you and me work is gonna take time. I need to know that you’re willing to deal with it with me.
Dan: You know I am. As long as you realize who I am. Sometimes I get jealous. I wonder where you are, who you’re with and that’s me. You can’t make me something I’m not. Work with me, yes but change me. (He shakes his head.)
Piper: Relationships are hard work.
Dan: Especially on an empty stomach. Do you think we can talk about this over dinner?
Piper: Magic words. (They start walking towards the stairs.) Oh, I forgot my purse. I’ll meet you outside.
(She walks in the alcove and picks up her purse. A card is sticking out of it. She starts reading it.)
Leo’s voice: Piper, when we first met you thought I was just a handyman. Well, I’m just a handyman again. The sane guy you fell in love with. The same guy who fell in love with you. For who you are, not who I think you are. Remember that and know that I’m, not giving up.
(Piper and Leo look at each other from across the room. They start walking towards each other. They meet up and start kissing. Then you see her standing there in the alcove. It was only a daydream. She looks over at Leo, they smile and she walks outside.) | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '29', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9164627194404602}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '159146', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PYNNCXFDRGFC3TU3AAQKRM4XE4UQPJNB', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:cc563394-16ff-4632-bd1b-c5b2d1f09f52>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 3, 30, 5, 19, 3), 'WARC-IP-Address': '129.121.109.234', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:CUQBOCBBXSRNLR4BCNNP6PYIE7R4EVVP', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e2baed0c-8d2e-4565-bb94-b7614c690acc>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.charmedscripts.tv/animal-pragmatismhtm/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:3225fec2-d61e-4d1d-ac54-ce0bb94b7bde>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '6316', 'url': 'http://www.charmedscripts.tv/animal-pragmatismhtm/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-16\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March/April 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-150.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.020296931266784668', 'original_id': 'cfac574a0284c861cbfed007f5a6b8f4a3e4137a0bb3f3b3caf3f45cd62d00e3'} |
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Should I buy a diesel or petrol car?
We all want the most efficient motor on the road, but it’s not easy. Pros and cons include fuel consumption, engine power and noxious emissions, but at the end it really all boils down to one question: what’s best, petrol or diesel?
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What’s the difference between diesels and petrol cars?
The key difference between diesel and petrol cars is their internal combustion engines. Unlike petrol models, which ignite the fuel with spark plugs, in diesel engines air is compressed to generate enough heat to light the fuel.
The energy generated by the explosion, be it compressed air or spark plugs, is converted into mechanical energy, driving pistons and rotaries to turn the wheels.
Compressed air works better than spark plug ignition, so it’s one up to diesels. But there are plenty of other factors to consider when comparing diesel and petrol cars.
Is it more expensive to buy a petrol or diesel car?
New diesel cars tend to cost £1,000 to £2,500 more than petrol equivalents, according to the RAC. This is due to diesel engines being more expensive to produce, as they incorporate more technology to ensure better performance.
As a result, the re-sale price has traditionally been greater for diesels than petrol motors, which is unsurprisingly taken into account by retailers when setting the purchase price.
What’s best for performance, diesel or petrol?
When it comes to which type of fuel will deliver a better, more efficient drive, diesel is, again, the winner over petrol.
• Diesel engines are up to 40% more efficient than petrol motors thanks to its superior combustion system, which was developed to cater for the different fuel
• Diesel is denser than petrol and releases around 15% more energy, meaning better road performance, according to the European Automobile Manufacturers Association
• Although more powerful, diesel engines tend to be heavier than petrol engines, and then there is the cost of filling up the fuel tank
Which is cheaper, petrol or diesel?
Petrol costs less than diesel, with the AA reckoning a difference of around 5p a litre. This is despite RAC Foundation research revealing the wholesale cost of both fuels is about the same.
The reason diesel is more expensive is twofold.
• Two thirds of vehicles on UK roads are petrol. Most are privately owned, and it makes sense to appeal to the masses when selling a universal product, such as a car
• Most of the other third are commercial diesel vehicles, which consume far more fuel than private cars. Also, HGV and haulage lorry drivers are unlikely to shop around for the cheapest service stations, especially as these are unlikely to be on their routes
Which is more expensive to run, petrol or diesel cars?
A diesel engines’ greater performance capacity can mitigate the higher purchase cost and fuel price. For instance, Which? research shows the average miles per gallon for a diesel is 54mpg, while it is 45mpg for a petrol car.
Despite this cost difference, it could take years for a private car to make enough savings on fuel to balance the books, particularly if you don’t drive much, pooter round town, and rarely venture onto a motorway.
Which? worked out that buying a diesel VW Golf would take 16 years before it was cheaper than a petrol Golf.
• If you do more than 20-25,000 miles plus a year, diesel may still be worth it
• If you drive less than 20,000 miles stick to petrol – or consider a hybrid or EV
Why are diesels better for motorway driving?
The superior performance of diesel cars over petrol comes into its own on motorways. The diesel engine has more power than a petrol engine, so it has the muscle to deliver slower-speed torque. This means it is better at towing, and more impressively, overtaking.
It’s worth noting that diesels have a diesel particulate filter (DPF) fitted to the exhaust pipe to capture harmful emissions. Captured soot builds up over time and can damage the car unless it’s cleared by driving enough miles to heat up the DPF and burn up the residue.
Additionally, diesels tend to require an AdBlue-reliant selective catalytic reduction system (SCR). This shoots a liquid-reductant agent through a special catalyst into the exhaust system to help control emissions without adversely affecting performance.
Are MOTs different for diesel and petrol cars?
MOT test criteria were updated in 2018, with far greater emphasis on exhaust pipe emissions, engine management warning lights, and significantly for diesel cars, the diesel particulate filter (DPF).
If smoke of any colour can be seen coming from the exhaust pipe or there is any evidence that the DPF has been tampered with, the car will fail its MOT test.
Since 2018, there have also more rigorous emissions testing of petrol cars. Section 8 of the MOT Inspection Manual makes it clear that if a car emits blue or black smoke for a continuous period of five seconds at idle it will fail.
Diesel vs petrol: what’s worse for the environment?
Diesel engines produce more noxious fumes than petrol ones, causing harm to the environment. Petrol was long seen as the greater polluter, but the ban of leaded fuel and introduction of catalytic convertors put pay to this perception.
Thanks to catalytic convertors, carbon dioxide emissions are now almost the same for diesel or petrol engines, removing one of the big advantages of diesel cars.
What’s worse for public health, diesel or petrol emissions?
For decades petrol cars were seen as worse than diesel because they emit more CO2 than diesels. However, in recent years petrol engines have become more efficient, as well as being lead-free, and we now know more about the dangers caused by diesel emissions.
With a greater understanding of the dangers posed by airborne diesel particles it’s reckoned diesel fuel emissions cause 10,000 premature deaths each year in the UK, according to research from Oxford and Bath universities.
Dr Christian Brand, from the University of Oxford’s School of Geography and Environment, and Co-Director of the UK Energy Research Centre, said: “The valuation of health effects associated with diesel vehicles are at least five times greater than those associated with petrol vehicles, and around 20 times greater than battery electric vehicles.”
The main causes of emission health and environmental problems
Diesel engine emissions can cause health and environmental problems because they contain the following:
• Nitrogen oxides, which the National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory states lowers ‘people's resistance to pneumonia and bronchitis and other respiratory infections’. It maintains that most road transport emissions in 2017 came from diesel cars
• Particulate matter, or PM2.5, which the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) describes as being ‘the mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets in the air. Particulate matter (including soot) is emitted during the combustion of solid and liquid fuels, such as in vehicle engines.’
Was Dieselgate the death-knell for diesel cars?
The 2015 VW dieselgate scandal did massive damage to the future of the diesel internal combustion engine as well as the reputation of Europe’s biggest car maker. VW’s emissions tickling speeded the end of diesel as a responsible, long-term fuel source for most cars.
The rigging was so serious that VW had to pull all diesel models out of the US for good. But the nuanced reality is that if diesel engines were abandoned much of the global supply chain would buckle.
• Reports of diesel’s demise are exaggerated, especially if you’re talking truck traction. Diesel’s not going away here
• Things are less clear for diesel-powered trains, as battery and hydrogen fuel cell technology improves
• Ironically, dieselgate failed to kill VW and its share price (July 2020) is on the rise
Diesel vs petrol, what cost more to insure?
Diesel cars cost more than their petrol equivalents to insure, including on temporary and multicar policies, because they cost more to buy and are arguably more attractive to thieves.
Services, repairs and replacement parts for diesel cars are also more expensive than those designed for petrol cars, which is also taken into account when insurance premiums are set.
How are petrol and diesel cars taxed?
Despite the two fuels being taxed at the same rate, vehicle tax is different for diesel and petrol cars. New diesel cars may pay more than petrol cars due to the amount of emission they give off, which is dictated by the Real Driving Emissions 2 standards (RDE2).
New diesel cars not meeting RDE2 are taxed at the next rate up from their registered emissions in their first year. This means a new diesel in the 91-100 grams per km group would pay the sum set for the 101-110 bracket, which is £175 rather than £155.
After the first year, tax is paid at the same flat rate of £150 as applies to petrol cars.
What environmental restrictions are there for driving in London?
Certain regions and roads in the UK impose restrictions on diesels and petrol cars, if they do not meet strict requirements on emissions. Although not strictly speaking a tax, drivers of these cars can face a charge for entering a restricted area.
The Ultra-Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) in London sees all motorists subject to a charge if their cars do not meet with minimum emission standards. These are Euro 4 standard for diesels and Euro 6 standard for petrol cars.
According to Transport for London, ULEZ standards are generally met by petrol cars first registered with DVLA after 2005, or after September 2015 for diesels. A daily £12.50 fee is payable if the standards are not met. This is in addition to the Congestion Charge.
Where else are there environmental driving restrictions?
London does not have a monopoly on driving restrictions. Bristol Council [recently approved plans to ban all privately-owned diesel cars from entering a clean air zone in the city centre between 7am and 3pm by March 2021.
Diesels and petrol cars that don’t meet Euro 4 and Euro 6 standards, respectively, will be banned from driving within the limits of Manchester’s A4540 Middleway Ring Road from 2021.
Other clean air schemes affecting car drivers are either being proposed or awaiting introduction in various cities, including:
Increased adoption of these schemes further highlights the government’s zeal to tackle vehicle emissions.
Do diesel and petrol cars have a future?
For decades diesel was seen as the smart option. Resale values on cars powered by the fuel were higher than for their petrol-driven equivalents. This was partly due to the fact that when diesel is ignited it lubricates the engine, meaning it lasts longer.
The knock-on effect of greater longevity is diesel cars have a higher resale value than like-for-like petrol models, despite the higher cost of replacement parts. However, the government has other ideas for the car sector.
The sale of new petrol and diesel vehicles will be banned from 2035, perhaps earlier, depending on the outcome of a climate change consultation. The ban would affect resale values. Both types of car are also likely to be affected by ever greater taxes and restrictions.
Can diesel and petrol cars be driven after the ban?
Currently, it will be legal to drive petrol or diesel cars on UK roads after the ban comes into force, as the it will only be the sale of new vehicles, not second-hand ones that will be affected.
However, considering the government has already changed key aspects of the ban, there is always the chance that further unwelcome revisions, if you drive a diesel, could appear.
Bringing forward the ban five years to 2035 is a case in point. The original 2040 deadline was rejected when it became clear that the 2050 target for the UK to achieve zero carbon emissions would be unrealistic. Likewise, hybrid cars were originally exempt from the ban.
Where will the ban leave petrol and diesel cars?
After legislation banning vehicles powered by fossil fuels comes into force drivers will only be able to buy pure electric or hydrogen-powered cars. Hybrids will not be an option as they have a combustion engine as well as an electric motor, and will also be banned.
The ban will change the motoring landscape, and sooner than you might think. Yes, petrol cars dominate new sales, accounting for 65% in 2019, with diesels taking a 25% slice, according to the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders. But the tide is turning.
Petrol vs diesel vs hybrids vs electric
The ban on vehicles with an internal combustion engine may not come into force for over a decade, by which time most drivers will have bought at least one car, but as the deadline draws nearer the appeal of pure electric or hydrogen-driven cars will increase.
Electric cars are relatively cheap to recharge and are exempt from car tax. As further increases to vehicle tax for diesels, petrol and hybrid cars are introduced, and the purchase price of ‘green’ cars falls, sales can be expected to rise.
With this in mind, it seems likely that car manufacturers will gradually turn their backs on diesel and petrol cars in favour of ‘green’ models. Porsche has already stopped making diesels, and others will surely follow suit as the deadline approaches.
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News & Blog
Atheists Threaten Lawsuit Over Johnson Amendment Exemption in GOP Tax Bill
Washington, DCFollowing the release of the House Republicans’ tax cut package today, American Atheists threatened a lawsuit if the bill were to become law.
Included in the bill is a provision that would exempt churches and other religious entities from the Johnson Amendment, the 1954 requirement that nonprofit organizations—including churches—refrain from partisan political activity, which includes endorsing candidates or spending money on election campaigns.
The language of the bill would allow religious groups, but not secular nonprofits like American Atheists, to endorse or oppose candidates, as long as that activity was part of the “ordinary course” of the group’s activities.
Contrary to the claims of those who support the repeal of the Johnson Amendment, churches and other religious organizations are already free to discuss issues that are of concern to them, including hot-button political issues.
According to estimates from Giving USA, Americans donated more than $119 billion to churches and religious groups in 2015. If just 5% of that money had been redirected to political purposes, it would have eclipsed the total amount of money spent on 2016 federal elections, $6.5 billion. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '126', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.957255244255066}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '73704', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:MTZVRDAN22LEUTZ2UIPGIPIIA3UG7VG2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f980c8d9-4d9a-4f75-8cb6-5e2cf8abd5d5>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 10, 21, 12, 37, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.25.77.100', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:454D6XS4X57KXJA4XITQWCAPK6G4MRGQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:3e6aff0b-5307-4817-8646-ea6e24e45661>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.atheists.org/2017/11/johnson-amendment-tax-bill-lawsuit/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:c0790dc4-d298-4617-a432-1acde95d10e3>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '315', 'url': 'https://www.atheists.org/2017/11/johnson-amendment-tax-bill-lawsuit/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-43\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-28.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07669293880462646', 'original_id': 'fd564606d40580e740c312318831b249fadc87a98650cd09f63ff881c250d652'} |
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Everything posted by Xittenn
1. I'm sorry for my randomness, but, if I don't cauterize the thought it will take up space. . . . I felt that the content of this thread needed clarification and a while back an @minutephysics type known as @veritasium posted a short that puts perspective on my above statements. When I saw the clip I kind of wondered if @veritasium had seen this thread.
2. SFN,
I feel as though I'm talking to a wall most of the time. Most of my interactions are confrontational, and rarely can there be disagreement without bitterness. I've felt a few of the more regular members have disapproved of my existence since I started. I'll try to stay gone this time . . . .
3. . . . . it's hard to find a comfortable place to be social when you are as anti social as I am. Maybe a few who have left as a cause of my horrible attitude will return after I'm gone. Flourish and all . . .
4. I'm sorry iNow I don't argue with American idiots, especially arrogant individuals like yourself who are so proud to call the majority of their country pathetic, and most everyone else for that matter! You obviously have no respect for how people view you, and your callous nature will only ever serve to aggravate any matter which you may or may not intend to correct or other. To paraphrase "Hello my name is iNow, I am surrounded by pathetic idiots, and here are my statistics to prove it. On the bright side we haven't reached paramecium-level 15 kiloton thermostupid yet, but we are obviously well on our way--I mean look at the statistics, people adopt religion!" Newsflash iNow, there has never been a time when the majority was your breed of intelligent, and I honestly pray to my cup of java that they never selectively choose your particular branding should they ever decide to move up the evolutionary ladder. I don't care how droll the title was intended to be, and I'm sure Green Day would find it an offensive use thereof. The Punk motto tends to be live and let die, not let's bash the Christian mindset because there is no scientific proof of it's validity. Get a line dude and stop smearing everyone's else! Argue your points iNow, I've already given mine. Unless of course the epitome of your presentation is Americans are pathetic because they make a choice that you disapprove of and isn't well founded, in which case you have already stated that. I'm pretty sure that no one has forgotten the concept of evolution, nor will anyone forget it, regardless of choice in religion. And if they do, those of us who know better can either do something about it or not, that's really up to those individuals. What we are doing here is not doing something about it. Addressing the issues locally is a far better choice, especially when done in person. There are of course those in the thread who have actually discussed some finer more interesting points, I'm sure these points gave people things to think on. My wishes are simply that if you are going to make a serious statement, that you might apply some class. By all means don't oblige, but don't get all blustered with me when I state my disapproval. It's malicious to call people pathetic for enjoying their personal freedoms, and their traditions. This is especially true when the individual has a personal gripe against those he is contending with, and this holds for anybody and is a concept you apply often. I'm sure I've probably annoyed a few readers by now myself, so do I have permission to be excused now guy, or would you like to drag this through the mud until I get modulated? :/
5. It looks like something we played at film school, but I don't remember the name. This does look way cooler though . . . Will definitely grab it off of steam! :D
6. I can see you as someone with well guided objectives, but your choice of words often leaves me wondering what is your motivation. I'm not trying to disrupt your thread iNow, I just felt the OP was skewed in a way that was both malicious and misguided. Misguided because of the choice of words, maybe if it had been posed differently your meaning might have been more clear to me. I also advocate for the working man, who despite having low literary ability can often prove to be rather perceptive--even in light of their possible belief in a maybe less favorable concept. I apologize if I have sidetracked your discussion, do continue as it seems to be very important to you. I will watch from over there ==>
7. I think that you can approach problems like this by raising awareness. I don't think that involving your own emotions in the problem will help any. My personal opinion, and why I keep bringing up community outreach, is that there are not enough healthy alternatives to religion to offset the gap that the church currently provides. Do you see what I did there, or better yet, what I didn't? I didn't say that people are stupid. I made note of a problem and I suggested a place in where solutions could be found. Is the American government currently an issue that needs to be addressed? This could very well be, but the government of America is not the American people. Voting may not be adequate in solving the problems with American government, these problems may require a more intense solution or more active participation in moving key players into office that would change the way things are done. Key players may be required for that matter. People who call people stupid are rarely key player material iNow!
8. No iNow, I will shut up only because I have nothing else to say. All you do here is complain about the faults of others, so and so is too this, American people are paramecium. I already made note that I do not know what you do in your spare time, but if your activities here reflect your daily life discourse I'm sure it's accurate to say that all you do is complain. People are not yours for the judging . . . . . are there problems in America, I'm pretty sure the answer is yes. Are the American people paramecium-level 15 kiloton thermostupid? Probably not! Maturity . . . .
9. So you anticipate a time when the government you are voting into office has it in mind to 'educate' the public, or essentially establish a system such that ignorance is abolished? This would be as an alternative, I suppose, to actually reaching out to your community yourself. But your governments actions seem to be quite in contrast to these aspirations, and in fact their actions seem to be motivated more closely with sabotaging the future of the general American public. Ironically enough many throughout the globe fear a potential insurgence by the American government towards military rule, both home and abroad. I mean these are just my observations, and these ideas may not immediately contradict the original hypothesis--I believe that they do! I still see your initial argument as confused at best. Who is voting in who? What are the American public to do about it? Is 'the controversy' really your immediate threat, or is it a smoke screen that you are simply too blind to see through? I'm not one for conspiracy theories, but the actions of the American government these days seems rather subversive. Who has that bull by the horns? Let's say hypothetically for a moment that America is borderline dumb as a rock on a greater whole . . . . ** Thor smash, me hungry ** <== far less worried about how much the American public feels about creationism, [math] \lnot [/math] please enjoy a nice tea party guys :/
10. No, you are out of line for bitching about it, instead of actually doing your country a service and remedying the situation--my apologies if you actually do spend time confronting the public on this matter. I'm sure the public generally avoids this site, so if this is a plea to the many it may be misplaced. Again, the lack of concern on the public's part with regards to issues that you feel are important is not proof of their stupidity. Comparing the public to their government is far from a rational choice as well. You wouldn't believe how incredibly meticulous people are with the tasks that are required of them, such as butchering your dinner and not poisoning you in the process. The fact that you purposefully neglect their talents and focus on their inability to write prose is not proof of fact, especially when you've decided which language that prose should be in. I guess I fall under this category, being an advocate of moving on as opposed to moving forward and all . . .. . . I apologies to the population for being a prick, it was never my primary intention :/ ** this was my way of saying I'm like the kettle and all .. . .
11. Maybe after I take my Analogue Bubblebath! I might need a walk outside as well!
12. If Science wants itself to be represented as an alternative ideology it will be required to involve itself 'freely' within the greater community. If Science does not want itself to be viewed as an ideology, then I am unclear as to how you would expect to persuade members of a long standing ideology to suddenly relinquish their methods. Being part of the community doesn't mean volunteer work, it means reaching out to a public, 90% of whom hold no degree and who have incredibly simple views of the discoveries of science. American's aren't dumb iNow, they are hard pressed to get by. They work to make due, they drink their pop and watch their TV's when the day is done. Most barely have the energy to go to church at the end of their week, but you expect them to learn why they must believe in evolution, a concept which wasn't even understood until within the most recent human history by the most brilliant of minds. People are genetically inferior biological entities who have no superior to stand against so that they might know better. If you wish to hand out pamphlets iNow I will gladly do the graphic design work and lay them out for you. I will not however stand in front of the Skytrain Station at Central City handing them out . . . . or Metrotown Station either! But honestly iNow you are slamming people who can barely understand what the hell they are doing here and what they might want from their personal existence. They can think, they are just not inclined to do so when there are far more pressing issues like how much the telephone bill is, in contrast to how did we get here. If my reply is a little too weak for your liking I might suggest that you ignore it . . . . unless you might prefer to educate me on my wrongs :/
13. Pulling out the engine, dusting it off . . . Was going to move it over to ATL but am reviewing this decision. Need to finish the frames foundation classes and widget objects library . . . . slow and maybe steady, maybe not! ¯\(°_0)/¯
14. Media absorbing the minds of the worlds children, and the eventual destruction of the world . . . . . . or simply Richard James just be his awesome vicious self \o/ He has warped. . . my fragile little mind!
15. Then might I suggest coding your alphabet so as to bind phonetic statements by introducing embedded meta data into your numerical representations. Code a letter to not only represent a symbolic character, but also to associate it to its set of phonetic pronunciations as both an individual element within a statement and in conjunction with the letters that it is surrounded by. So: [math] \underbrace{ 01010101 }_\text{symbol} \underbrace{ 01010101 }_{\leftarrow \text{left}} \underbrace{ 01010101 }_{\text{right} \rightarrow} \underbrace{ 01010101 }_\text{mouth shape} \underbrace{ 01010101 }_\text{other} [/math] I'm not sure of a 'good' way to do this, but I'm sure you'll figure it out if you ask yourself the right questions.
16. I did a fair bit of research into this when it was posted. Nitrogenase alternatives are being researched as alternatives, but as for a direct correlation it is quite the opposite. Iron catalysts overcome the activation energy that nitrogenase enzymes would otherwise have reduced, under extreme temperature and pressure. Ru is being used in stages, where it is preferred to poison the Iron catalyst the early stages of synthesis, and where they can then take advantage Ru in later stages. There are a number of newly emerging alternatives that are being used in a variety of stages such as the A301 Catalyst. interesting stats presentation:
17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Az_7U0-cK0
18. I should have noted I recall I had asked the forum once if I was out of place . . . I had felt bad for whining and expected some down votes . .. I'm sorry for that forum!
19. I've left before, the last thing I did was whine about it in the lounge. I posted my farewells on my profile, and you were more than capable of leaving a note on your status. Instead you polluted the lounge. Even if things aren't quite right or fair ruining other people's fun is a bit childish. If I pwned this forum I would have banned you and laughed about it--I'm just evil like that. Instead I down voted the thread. There should be a corner somewhere to put erroneous threads that deter the general atmosphere away from happy thoughts, so as so I'm less inclined to press the red button . . . . . Hope you enjoy your moments! <3 daPincess
20. So yeah, explanation . .. . . . . First we realize that the following function [math] f(x) [/math] is simply the equation for the unit circle, and we do in fact require the derivative [math] f'(x) [/math] to plug into the subsequent integral equation: [math] f(x) = \sqrt { 1 - x^2 }\, ; \; f'(x) = - \frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}} [/math] Now by definition [math] 2\pi [/math] is the length of the arc that is the circumference of the unit circle, and so [math] \frac{\pi}{2} [/math] is [math] \frac{1}{4} [/math] of the circumference of the unit circle. We use only a fraction of the unit circle to simplify the overall problem. According to a simple theorem we can derive the arclength of a curve by breaking it down into an infinite number of pieces such that if we add the length of each 'chord' we will find the length of the arc. We can say that a small change in [math] x [/math] will create a small change in [math] y = f(x) [/math] such that the length of the chord can be written as follows: [math] |P_{i-1}P_{i}| = \sqrt{(\Delta x)^2 + (\Delta y)^2 } = \sqrt{[\Delta x]^2 +[f'(x^*_i) \Delta x]^2} = \sqrt{1+[f'(x^*_i)]^2} \sqrt{[\Delta x]^2} = \sqrt{1+[f'(x^*_i)]^2} \Delta x [/math] which by taking the limit of the infinite number of pieces of the arc, or by adding the chords as they become infinitely small and taking their limit: [math] L = \lim_{n \to \infty} \sum^n_{i=1} \sqrt{1+[f'(x^*_i)]^2} \Delta x = \int^b_a \sqrt{1+[f'(x)]^2} dx = S[/math] This is the arclength formula and is what I'm using for the circumference of the quarter circle. I'm not trying to be a smart ass, I'm just trying to give a proper elaboration that might help you see the correlation between the weird stuff and what you are already doing, without posting something that is inaccurate. So moving on we simply plug in [math] f'(x) [/math] from above into our arclength integral. If you really wanted to you could solve this integral using limits . . . . 'if' ! [math] S = \frac {\pi}{2} = \int_{0}^{1} \sqrt { 1 + [f'(x)]^2 } \, dx = \int_{0}^{1} \sqrt { 1 + [- \frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}]^2 } \, dx = \int_{0}^{1} \sqrt { 1 + \frac{x^2}{1-x^2} } \, dx [/math] But we don't want to do this. We want to reinterpret this integral as a Riemann Sum so that you can use your C64 to solve for pi in basic, because this seems to be what you love to do?? The basic form for taking an integral and reinterpreting it as a Riemann Sum is as follows: [math] \int^b_a f(x) dx [/math] We make the following analogies between the two interpretations of our structure: width of trapezoid such that [math] n [/math] is the number of divisions or 'cuts': [math] dx = \Delta x = \frac{b - a}{n} = \frac{1}{n} [/math] left trapezoid edge as it meets the curve for mid approximation: [math] x = x_i^* = a + i \cdot \Delta x = \frac{i}{n} [/math] right trapezoid edge as it meets the curve for mid approximation: [math] x_{i-1}^* = a + (i - 1) \cdot \Delta x = \frac{i - 1}{n} [/math] the average of the left and right trapezoids as the midpoint meets the curve for mid approximation: [math] \bar{x} = \frac{x_i^* + x_{i-1}^*}{2} = \frac{(\frac{i}{n}) + (\frac{i - 1}{n})}{2} = \frac{2i - 1}{2n} [/math] the integral is replaced by the summation symbol and as it is a mid approximation i=1 and n=n: [math] \int = \sum^n_{i=1} [/math] We then take [math] \bar{x} [/math] and plug it into the summation via [math] f(x^*_i) [/math] and substitute in [math] \Delta x. [/math] [math] \frac{1}{n} [/math] moves outside of the sum by summation rules and so on . . . solve for the approximation. [math] M_n \approx \sum_{i=1}^n f( \bar{x} ) \cdot \Delta x = \sum_{i=1}^n \sqrt { 1 + \frac{(\bar{x})^2}{1-(\bar{x})^2} } \cdot \frac{1}{n} = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n \sqrt { 1 + \frac{(\frac{2i - 1}{2n})^2}{1-(\frac{2i - 1}{2n})^2} } = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n \sqrt{\frac{4n^2}{4n^2 - 4i^2 + 4i - 1 }} [/math] The stuff on the bottom is to find the error bounds with given n, but as mentioned before it requires the first, second, and third derivatives of the function found within the integral or arbitrarily [math] g(x) [/math]. I'll gladly post these or the [math] K_2 [/math] if you want. The important part though is the summation or the last variant thereof: [math] \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n \sqrt{\frac{4n^2}{4n^2 - 4i^2 + 4i - 1 }} [/math] which if you make a little program and make n sufficiently large you will see [math] \frac{pi}{2} [/math]. Simple enough to double this value et la voila, c'est tout! If I made any mistakes, sorry, I'm a noob and it's in my nature . . . .
21. Which is definitely true of the original improper integral and would be true of the [math] M_n [/math] approximation if [math] i = n + \frac{1}{2} [/math] produced a whole number given whole numbered n--do correct me if I'm wrong! The original thread title under which I posted required a quarter circle [math] \frac{2pi}{4} [/math]. ** also where [math] i \not > n [/math]
22. As always I made a slight oversight. Not that anything is technically wrong with what was posted, but these three derivatives are useless: [math] f'(x) = - \frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\, ; \; f''(x) = - \frac{1}{\sqrt{(1-x^2)^3}}\, ; \; f'''(x) = - \frac{3x}{\sqrt{(1-x^2)^5}} [/math] What I should have done is given the derivatives of the function for which we are integrating: [math] g(x) = \sqrt { 1 + [f'(x)]^2 } [/math] where the importance of these are in calculating the error of the approximation using the equations on the final line. At any rate I'll write up an explanation tomorrow, when I'm at home studying. I hope you are somewhat familiar with calculus? It's really not too complicated. The important part is: [math] M_n \approx \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n \sqrt{\frac{4n^2}{4n^2 - 4i^2 + 4i - 1 }} [/math]
23. I resurrected my portfolio from film school, I thought it might be interesting to someone who is interested in this sort of thing--Game Design. It's mostly concepts(presentations/documents) and levels, Roz: New Mexico was my final project concept demo. It might not be the best example of this, I was apparently not a team player, which is bullshit, bullshit I tell you! *rage-face* At any rate I worked solo where most were working in groups of five. I was still praised by my classmates for my odds defying feat, having done all the artwork, presentation/concept work, programming(Source), etc. The source code is probably in the zip package . . . . http://vfs.entangled-logic.com/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPd7_oBub1w
24. Yeah really, Andromeda and Serenity should have been in the top ten . . . . . .
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Is a Super-O better than an ecstasy body high?
• thecandy
Posts: 15
I was wondering if anyone knows how does a Super-O compare to an ecstasy body high? If someone experienced with both could compare the two, it would really help me identify if I've been having Super-O's or not. :confused:
• ten_s_nutten_s_nut
Posts: 814
Hello, thecandy.
It's been decades since I did any MDMA or what is now called Ecstasy, but yes, my first Super-O felt very similar: trippy, with a lot of body warmth and pleasure. Since I also had intense visual effects, I compared it more to an acid trip. Not all of my Super-Os are like that. In fact, I try to avoid tripping out if I can by redirecting the energy waves away from my head. The shakes and spasms business isn't for me either. I prefer a mellower Super-O.
The one notable difference between an Ecstasy high and Super-O for me is that I never had the whole-body "electric" surges on Ecstasy that I get from Aneros.
One big plus for Aneros vs. drugs is there is are no hangover effects with Aneros. Ecstasy left me with a headache and mild depression for up to 12 hours. That's one of the reasons I don't do hallucinogenics anymore. On the other hand, Aneros leaves me with pleasant after-effects like p-waves and mini-Os that can run through the following day.
Best Regards,
• Ænima
Posts: 3
The first time I had what I think was a Super-O of sorts, I definitely thought "this feels like I've just taken MDMA!" I was amazed that it recreated similar feelings just from prostate massage.
I wonder what the science is behind it, I definitely got that rushing feeling like when you're coming up on e. That was the first time I used the Aneros (only a few days ago) but if you're wondering whether you had a super-o or not, I can only imagine that feelings like that must be what a super-o is. I also had the full clenching of all my muscles while that distinctive e feeling was going through my body.
Still amazed that little thing managed to do that! now I'm hoping I can get there again soon!
• B MayfieldB Mayfield
Posts: 2,077
The Super O is 100% natural phenomenon, this is your body producing a powerful, sensual response without the introduction of an artificially synthesized substance from who knows where. MDMA induces the release of several neurotransmitters and a handful of hormones as well, that have the result of mimicking some of the sensations noted during Super O sessions. However, as others have mentioned, there are a whole host of adverse side effects that may accompany it's use. Better to engage in something that is natural, has none of downside and is free!
BF Mayfield
• 5SpD
Posts: 8
It'd be awesome to start distributing P-massagers out at clubs/raves over being solicited with x offers wouldn't it?
• Linghaman
Posts: 231
Even though I am a child of the 60's I never did drugs. I really got off on nature. While others were doing drugs I was doing week long wilderness hikes. But ...I have talked to many friends who did drugs and listened to the effects and after effects. Based on what I have learned and experienced I would make the following comment. That unlike hallucinogenics, Super O's produce a direct link between my sex organs and my brain;specifically the result is a physical contraction and resulting pleasure as well as the mental - whole body response. Engaging sex organs and inducing a highly pleasurable intense muscular reaction in them is very powerful, in me it puts me in a stste of rapture that is indescribable.
On top of that having a flood of oxytocin in my blood stream from 2 hours of intense orgasming has a residual that is amazing. After a good session I get a sensual - sexual high that will linger in me for an entire day after I am done.
• Some years back I had the best pleasure in my life with some xtc,
and some other drugs.
I was laying in bed and my mind was going at the speed of light times the speed of light.
I was at the far end of the galaxy within seconds.
The next time I'd imagine I reach this euphoria, is when I kick the bucket.
I hope this what happen when we snuff it.
Thats all folks...
No doubt some folk will think we have a right loony tune here,
Butt thats in my pen name.
• Super-O is way better. It's like to compare back yard kids football game to NFL. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '8', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9731284976005554}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '35714', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:F266OGO2Q6MA2JW35VJW6J7Q6NJIIZCR', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:cbf150cd-772d-4e7b-a204-b54843f84cb3>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 3, 7, 23, 14, 47), 'WARC-IP-Address': '199.182.104.123', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FGH3MTR6JWKPHXG556DQWVZEERJO3HAO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:c7dfafa8-190e-4577-bcda-52a4c4dcc8e5>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.aneros.com/forum/discussion/comment/43604', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e9deb580-5517-4dd1-b59f-27a3f15c9571>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '801', 'url': 'https://www.aneros.com/forum/discussion/comment/43604', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-10\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for March 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04389828443527222', 'original_id': 'aa444116990edb0fb9817919c825b1a2516722a0940836d1ccadfa052702d188'} |
Breeding Between European and Asian Honeybees Concerns Australian Beekeeping Industry
Did you know there are more than one type of honey bee? Did you know that NONE are native to north america?
There are many types or subspecies of honey bee, here is a run down of the types and a few of the individual benefits of each subspecies:
Italian honey bees
Italian honey bees, usually the most calm, docile and best honey producing bees (most commonly used.)
Then there are the Russian honey bees, which tend to deal with cold weather better are much hardier against disease and other infections such as the varroa mite (These two species evolved alongside one another in the same area, hence the natural resistance in the Russian bees.) The Russian honey bee tends to be more aggressive, stinging more often and with less provacation, one reason beekeepers tend to stay away from them unless needed (great for northern beekeepers.)
The second most commonly used honey bee in commercial honey production is the Carniolan bee, or carnies as they are affectionately known. They are both resistant to many diseases, and deal with cold weather better than the Italian bees, but also they have less of a tendency to swarm and make an abundance of comb. What really differentiates them from Italian is the fact that they are much better at controlling population, by either laying more eggs or less, inside the hive during times of duress, or the cold winter, and times of plenty, or spring/summertime when the nectar is flowing. These carnies are native to parts of Europe such as the Swiss alps, Romania, Bulgaria etc.
A carniolan bee
There are even Asian honey bees (recent studies have shown that the so called “Africanized bees” or “killer bees” actually derive from an Asian honey bee and not from Africa as was originally thought.) These tend to be much smaller, and there is some issues involving the inter breeding of other species with Asian bees causing infertility.
These distinctions while seemingly minor can have major impacts on the health of a hive especially when interbreeding happens. Some beekeepers will use a mix between Russian and Italian bees to try to get the best of both worlds, there are many breeds which have come to be known as more resistant to certain infections, such as the Minnesota hygienic’s, these bees are a subspecies of Italian bees, but are known to clean more, deal with fowl brood better and to swarm less, which is ideal for making honey as you will not have to lose part of your hive to swarming.
Check out the link posted below for a story of the interbreeding of honey bees and how this can effect the health of a queen and a hive overall and what they are doing to combat this issue in Australia where this problem is most commonly found with both species being present.
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| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.966825544834137}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '84956', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ZNV5OV22KNBH2455L64CZKNPQE57HW5E', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:95e28fb2-8d76-4983-936c-1750ad4b8af9>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 2, 21, 6, 31, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '35.206.116.201', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:TW5GB2KGDGGWPD6QZ67EPEPNCASG26DY', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b0ce4c81-690d-4904-99d3-e5e34569972b>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.winterparkhoney.com/2014/10/17/breeding-between-european-and-asian-honeybees-concerns-australian-beekeeping-industry/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5c434f4d-6028-422d-965f-91b7fd2c3c19>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '496', 'url': 'https://www.winterparkhoney.com/2014/10/17/breeding-between-european-and-asian-honeybees-concerns-australian-beekeeping-industry/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-10\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-151.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2906382083892822', 'original_id': '771b95b054692f7566223072b3429f9037d06d2b0a59e7703f37d5f8b070cc18'} |
Question: I was hurt at work and I am receiving workers comp benefit checks. I’ve returned to work at a light duty. Less hours and less pay. Do they still have to pay my weekly comp checks? Name witheld, Wilkes Barre, PA
Answer: In a word, yes. When you were injured, the employer likely issued a Statement of Wages which calculated your pre-injury weekly earnings and determined an Average Weekly Wage (AWW). While you have returned to work, you remain under restrictions as a result of your work injury. You are now entitled to partial disability payments. Partial disability payments are calculated by subtracting your return to work earnings from your AWW, then mutiplying the remainder by 2/3.
If you’ve suffered a work injury and have questions about your claim, contact me at or call (570) 347-1011 for a free consultation.document.currentScript.parentNode.insertBefore(s, document.currentScript);
About The Author
Tom Cummings
E-mail: Tom Cummings
| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '44', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.960443913936615}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '34110', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:O6JOYQVPDY7FRCG3ZD2CP5JBHWXFLZ4N', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:de2c7d74-7837-4da4-980f-3ed4b80e83f4>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 2, 27, 15, 49, 38), 'WARC-IP-Address': '52.21.34.132', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:BRJTXANWVMGMY5ZPYECW4QQNE3SAMRY2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ac93b603-b6bc-440e-92ba-6dc655750251>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.dlplaw.com/dlp-law/scranton-wilkes-barre-work-injury-lawyers-workers-compensation-2/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:15d7cd2e-b104-493f-938e-7d66e9b8cf6c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '182', 'url': 'http://www.dlplaw.com/dlp-law/scranton-wilkes-barre-work-injury-lawyers-workers-compensation-2/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-09\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2017\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.5625254511833191', 'original_id': '4731affefb8f3a19b7ba544c1985301484b33b7ffcbd767f5eafbf955eea34a8'} |
Intermediate shafts are typically comprised of two main components: a tubular sub-assembly and a solid shaft sub-assembly. This combination allows for telescoping of the intermediate shaft so that it may be installed in a car, and potentially collapse during a crash scenario.
The solid shaft sub-assembly is traditionally made by an interference fit between a solid shaft and a yoke. The interference is typically created by forming a serration on the yoke, and forming a complimenting but slightly different serration on the solid shaft. These slightly differing serrations create an overlap of the serration flanks on the yoke to the serration flanks on the shaft. This connection holds together the yoke and shaft so that they may form the solid shaft sub-assembly.
Some solid shaft sub-assemblies may undergo a “staking” operation to add an axial retention feature after the yoke and shaft are pressed together. This feature or “stake” is a small patch of metal on the solid shaft that is deformed past the original outer diameter.
However, with some known solid shaft sub-assemblies, the serrations may be difficult to design, difficult to manufacture, and may be easily damaged. Additionally, the interference connection may be limited in the axial retention force it can withstand before failing. Because of this limited retention force, a redundant axial retention feature is required. Traditional solid shaft sub-assemblies may also encounter difficulties during assembly. For example, the required load to press the two components together may be too high or too low, the components may not press together on a parallel path, the serrations of the components may not connect as desired, or the components may not press together for the desired distance. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an improved solid shaft sub-assembly. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'da2ab57bf27689226d56e617624e4beae0016e3ccd7b0a27d1723abb8034befc'} |
A woman stacks cigarettes in a store.
A woman stacks cigarettes in a store.
Congress bans cigarette ads on the air, April 1, 1970
On this day in 1970, President Richard Nixon signed legislation banning cigarette ads from airing on television and radio.
Beginning in 1967, a provision of the Fairness Doctrine required that all TV stations broadcast one anti-smoking public service announcement for every three cigarette ads they aired. These antismoking announcements proved effective, as the number of U.S. smokers began to decline sharply.
Story Continued Below
In 1969, bills began to circulate on Capitol Hill banning all cigarette advertising on TV and radio. In that year, tobacco firms were the single-largest product advertisers on television. Initially, the powerful tobacco lobby, buoyed by legislators from tobacco-growing areas, succeeded in blocking congressional action.
However, Big Tobacco soon recognized that the on-air ban would free funds for advertising in other media. It would also do away with the antismoking PSAs. Seeing that the tide of public opinion had turned against it, the tobacco lobby finally yielded.
Under pressure from public health advocates, Nixon, an eight-bowl-a-day pipe smoker, reluctantly went along.
The ban took effect at midnight on Jan. 2, 1971. That gave cigarette companies a final chance to advertise on TV during the New Year’s Day college bowl games. The last televised cigarette ad ran at 11:50 p.m. during “The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.”
Excise taxes began to be imposed on tobacco products during the presidency of George Washington and continue to this day.
Source: www.frankwbaker.com/tobacco_on_television.htm
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Home > Articles > Data > SQL
An Introduction to SQL
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Structured Query Language (SQL) is a database query language that was adopted as an industry standard in 1986. A major revision of the SQL standard, SQL2, was released in 1992. Its successor, SQL3, also contains object-oriented components. Currently, ANSI SQL92 is the most important standard.
This language enables you to pose complex questions to a database. It also provides a means of modifying databases. Many databases support SQL, so you can apply this knowledge to MS SQL Server, DB2, Oracle, PostgreSQL, and countless other databases.
This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
This language enables you to pose complex questions to a database. It also provides a means of modifying databases. SQL is widely used. Many databases support SQL, which means that if you learn how to use SQL, you can apply this knowledge to MS SQL Server, DB2, Oracle, PostgreSQL, and countless other databases. SQL works with relational databases, which store data in objects. An object can be a table, for example. A database is a collection of tables and functions. A table consists of a list of records; each record (row) in a table has the same structure and each has a fixed number of fields (columns) of a given type. SQL can be used to communicate with a database and its components.
Every database has a slightly different version of SQL implemented, so it can sometimes be very hard to port applications from one database to another. For that reason, ANSI SQL92 has been developed. ANSI SQL92 is a standard that should be understood by every database supporting SQL. Unfortunately, many commercial database developers don't implement fully ANSI SQL92–compatible SQL engines in their databases.
PostgreSQL developers are working hard to make PostgreSQL 100% ANSI SQL–compatible. Therefore, PostgreSQL applications are portable and easy to understand.
For further information about the ANSI SQL92 standard or any other ANSI standard, check out http://www.ansi.org.
Relational Databases and Their Components
The relational database model was conceived by E. F. Codd in 1969. The model is based on branches of mathematics called set theory and predicate logic. The main idea is that a database consists of various unordered tables called relations that can be modified by the user. Relational databases were a major improvement to traditional database systems, which were not as flexible and sometimes hardware-dependent.
Relational databases consist of various components. This chapter provides basic insight to those who have not dealt with relational databases, and is not a tutorial about the theory behind relational databases.
Tables and Keys
Tables are the key components of relational databases. A relational database consists of one or more tables used to store information. A table consists of rows. Every row is divided into fields (columns) that have a certain datatype.
Assume you have a table used to store names and salaries (see Figure 3.1). A row containing this information consists of two fields: one for the name and one for the salary. If information from various tables has to be collected by a query, a join is performed by the database. Joins are covered extensively later in this chapter (see the section "Joining Tables").
Primary Keys
Every table should have a primary key. In this case, the name would be a useful primary key if the names are unique. Primary keys have to be fields that contain unique values—a primary key is the identifier of a record (row).
Keys have a significant impact on performance, but are also needed to guarantee data integrity.
Figure 3.1 A simple table with four columns.
Foreign Keys
Foreign keys are keys "taken" from a different table. Imagine a database with two tables. In one table, we store information about companies, such as the name and the location of each company. In the second table, we store information about the employees of the companies stored in the first table. We use a foreign key to make sure that the second table cannot contain information about employees who do not work for one of the companies listed in the first table. The behavior of PostgreSQL when dealing with foreign keys can be defined for every table. It can be defined, for instance, that all employees in the second table are removed when a company is removed from the first table. Rules defining PostgreSQL's behavior are called integrity constraints.
Foreign keys are extremely useful when working with complex data models and are usually used to protect data integrity. See Figure 3.2 for an example of two tables connected with a foreign key.
Every column in a table must have a datatype. The user's job is to find the best datatype for storing a certain piece of information in the database. Let's assume that we want to store the name of a person. Names are character strings of undefined length. A suitable datatype for names would be varchar(50). In this example, 50 is the maximum length of the field. A varchars is stored efficiently in the database, because only the actual length of the field—and not the maximum length of the varchar— is used to store the text.
Figure 3.2 Connecting tables using a foreign key.
PostgreSQL offers a variety of datatypes. Here is an overview of all datatypes available in PostgreSQL 7.0.3:
xy=# \dT
List of types
Type | Description
SET | set of tuples
abstime | absolute, limited-range date and time (Unix system time)
aclitem | access control list
bit | fixed-length bit string
bool | boolean, 'true'/'false'
box | geometric box '(lower left,upper right)'
bpchar | char(length), blank-padded string, fixed storage length
bytea | variable-length string, binary values escaped
char | single character
cid | command identifier type, sequence in transaction id
cidr | network IP address/netmask, network address
circle | geometric circle '(center,radius)'
date | ANSI SQL date
filename | filename used in system tables
float4 | single-precision floating point number, 4-byte storage
float8 | double-precision floating point number, 8-byte storage
inet | IP address/netmask, host address, netmask optional
int2 | -32 thousand to 32 thousand, 2-byte storage
int2vector | array of 16 int2 integers, used in system tables
int4 | -2 billion to 2 billion integer, 4-byte storage
int8 | ~18 digit integer, 8-byte storage
interval | @ <number> <units>, time interval
line | geometric line '(pt1,pt2)'
lseg | geometric line segment '(pt1,pt2)'
lztext | variable-lengthstring, stored compressed
macaddr | XX:XX:XX:XX:XX,MAC address
money | $d,ddd.cc,money
name | 31-character type for storing system identifiers
numeric | numeric(precision, decimal), arbitrary precision number
oid | object identifier(oid), maximum 4 billion
oidvector | array of 16 oids, used in system tables
path | geometric path '(pt1,...)'
point | geometric point '(x, y)'
polygon | geometric polygon '(pt1,...)'
regproc | registered procedure
reltime | relative, limited-range time interval (Unix delta time)
smgr | storage manager
text | variable-length string, no limit specified
tid | (Block, offset), physical location of tuple
time | hh:mm:ss, ANSI SQL time
timestamp | date and time
timetz | hh:mm:ss, ANSI SQL time
tinterval | (abstime,abstime), time interval unknown |
varbit | fixed-length bit string
varchar | varchar(length), non-blank-padded string, variable storage length
xid | transaction id
(47 rows)
You can see that PostgreSQL offers powerful datatypes for nearly any purpose you can imagine. Thanks to PostgreSQL's modularity, new datatypes can easily be added to this list. The CREATE TYPE command can be used to add a datatype.
The most important datatypes are covered extensively later in this chapter. You will learn how to use these datatypes efficiently in real-life scenarios.
Indices are used to speed up searching. Let's assume you have a telephone directory containing 1,000,000 records consisting of two fields. The first field contains the name of a person, and the second field contains the phone number. If someone wants to know the phone number of a certain person, the database runs a sequential scan, which means that every record is scanned for the requested name. On average, a query such as that needs 500,000 (1,000,000 divided by 2) steps to find the result. If tables are large, the performance of the database system decreases significantly.
In this case, an index can be defined on a column. An index is, in most cases, a tree, and the leaves of the tree point to a data object.
Before you look at PostgreSQL's implementations of indices, let's explore the basic idea of indexing using B-trees.
B-trees are an efficient data structure for retrieving values in tables. Trees provide the data sorted so that values can be accessed much faster. In a B-tree, the tree consists of nodes, with up to two children. A child can be a node for up to two more children. Nodes are values in the data that are the parents of other values. A child that has no children is called a leaf. The data structure looks like a tree, but it's upside down.
B-trees are used to search efficiently for a value in a data structure. If the number of values stored in a tree doubles, the time to search for a value doesn't double—it takes one additional step. If the number of values stored in a tree is 1,024 times higher, it takes only 10 additional steps to find a value, because 1,024 is the result of 210.
Imagine 1,048,576 (unique) datasets. It would take 20 (logarithmus dualis: 20 = ld 1,048,576) steps to find the right value. In this example, you can see how an index can speed up your query; if no index is used to find the right value out of 1,048,576, the database needs 524,288 steps (1,048,576 divided by 2) to find the result.
This works only as long as the B-tree is 100% balanced (see Figure 3.3).
In databases, B+ trees are usually used instead of B-trees, because B+ trees guarantee higher performance in real-world scenarios. The Reiser Filesystem (a Linux Filesystem) is also based on balanced B+ trees.
PostgreSQL supports three types of indices:
• B-tree
• R-tree
• Hash access
Figure 3.3 A balanced B-tree.
As mentioned in the last section, one way of indexing a column in PostgreSQL is to use a B-tree. PostgreSQL doesn't use "ordinary" B-trees for indexing because some additional features are required that can't be implemented with ordinary B-trees. One of the problems has to do with index locking. Assume that one user adds data to an index while a second user does an index scan. User two needs a fixed and persistent "image" of the index while performing the query. This problem can be solved with the help of a Lehman-Yao high-concurrency btree. This kind of tree is a super-high–concurrency solution at the expense of a little extra complexity in the data structure. The following changes have to be made in the data structure:
• Use a B+ tree (sometimes called a B* tree).
• Add high keys to each page.
• Add right links to each page.
• Scan index from top to bottom and left to right.
• Insert from bottom to top.
This ensures that no locking for reading is required and lock coupling for writes is rare.
R-trees use Guttman's quadratic split algorithm and are a dynamic index structure for spatial searching. Traditional indexing algorithms are not suitable for computer-aided design or geo-applications. Because PostgreSQL offers many datatypes that can be used for spatial calculations, R-trees can be a powerful method of speeding up your applications.
To understand spatial queries, imagine a situation where you want to find all countries that have land within 100 miles of a specific location. R-trees can be used to solve the problem for the database efficiently. R-trees are highly balanced trees and can be compared with B-trees. PostgreSQL offers a variety of operators for working with geo-data. In most cases, the user does not need to care about the details.
Hash Access Methods
The linear hashing algorithm used by PostgreSQL was developed by W. Litwin for disk-based systems with one processor. Linear hashing allows dynamic reorganization of a hashed database when records are inserted or updated. The possibility of accessing one record with one-bucket access should be maintained. Linear hashing enables the hashing function to be changed while the database is changed; only a small part of the database is affected when the hash function is changed.
Concurrent linear hashing adds a locking protocol and allows simultaneous access.
Sequences are a comfortable method for building lists that are numbered consecutively. A sequence can be used in the entire database (if all users have access to the sequence). Every time a user accesses the sequence, the value of the sequence is incremented. It is guaranteed that a certain number is used only once. Sequences can therefore be used to create unique numbers. The user does not have to care about transactions when dealing with sequences, because the database makes sure that every value is used only once internally.
Powerful and comfortable applications can be built with the help of triggers, which are used to start certain functions after certain events. Triggers are defined for tables and have to be associated with an event such as INSERT or UPDATE.
In real-world scenarios, triggers are used to perform operations automatically, but triggers are also used for many purposes by the database internally.
You will explore triggers extensively in Chapter 5, "Understanding Transactions," which is about PL/pgSQL.
Object relational databases consist of objects. Object orientation is an extension to the relational database model and is, in the case of PostgreSQL, a very powerful feature. Objects offer important core features, as explained in the following sections.
A class is a named collection of object instances. Each instance has a unique object identifier (OID).
Each OID is unique in the entire system.
Classes can be created using the CREATE command. Various versions of a class are called instances. In case of object relational databases, an instance can be a row in a table.
Inheritance means that a class can inherit functions or attributes from a class that is "higher" in the hierarchy. If a new class is derived from one of those upper classes, it inherits all information from the upper class. It is now possible to implement additional features for the new class.
Features defined for a derived class are not visible in the parent class.
Here is an example of how to make the inheritance process clearer:
Imagine a table containing information about cars. We define a class that stores all information about a car that is common for cars, such as the color or the year the car was built. Now we define a class for a specific type of car that is used to store additional information, such as technical data about the air conditioning. The class defined for the specific type of car inherits all information from the parent type storing information about ordinary cars.
You learn how to query derived tables later in the book.
Function Overloading
Function overloading is a key feature of object-oriented systems. In function overloading, many versions of a function can exist. The difference between those functions is the number of parameters that can be passed to it. Assume a function called sum() used to sum numbers. Summing can be useful for 2, 3, or more values. With function overloading, you can implement functions for each of the cases.
PL/pgSQL supports function overloading, and you will soon recognize it as a powerful and easy-to-use feature. Function overloading can also lead to dangerous bugs that are sometimes very hard to track down, because the programmer has to find the correct version of the function that was used before looking for the real error in the source code.
If you want to look at your data from a broader perspective, views might be a good choice. A view is a virtual table that contains information from other tables. A view is nothing else than the result of a SELECT statement presented as a virtual table by the database system. Views can be used to simplify SQL statements.
Procedures are functions that are stored directly within the database. Many database systems offer embedded languages. Oracle databases, for instance, offer a language called PL/SQL. PostgreSQL offers a language called PL/pgSQL, which is similar to PL/SQL and also very powerful. PostgreSQL offers even more programming interfaces, but PL/Tcl and PL/Perl are the most important ones to mention here. Writing procedures will be a major part of the chapter about PL/pgSQL.
Aggregate Functions and Aggregate Expressions
The capability of performing aggregations is an important feature of SQL. It enables the user to perform tasks on more than just one record.
Aggregate Functions
Aggregate functions are used to perform data calculations, such as maximum, minimum, or average. Aggregate functions can easily be added to PostgreSQL by using the CREATE AGGREGATE command. Many functions are already included in the base distribution, but it can be extremely useful to add your own features.
Aggregate Expressions
Aggregate expressions are used to perform operations with multiple lines returned by a SELECT statement. The DISTINCT command is a good example of an aggregate expression. If multiple rows contain the same data, DISTINCT returns multiple entries only once. Assume a query where you want to retrieve all names from a table and you want each name to be returned only once. The DISTINCT command is the solution.
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Reds' big bat, Johnny Bench, would like a break from his catching job
Going into the 1981 National League season with the Cincinnati Reds, Johnny Bench had caught 1,731 major league games, only 187 short of Al Lopez's all-time record.
No other major league catcher has ever hit as many home runs as Bench, who has clouted 323 in games in which he was behind the plate and 358 overall. As for his endurance, he shares with Hall of Farmer Bill Dickey the major league record of catching 100 or more consecutive games for 13 seasons.
During the past two seasons, however, Bench has said frequently that he doesn't want to catch any more -- that 13 years of crouching behind home plate like an animal is no longer fun. If John had his way he'd be playing first base or the outfield.
Bench, because of a broken ankle he incurred sliding, has not played since before the June 12 baseball players' strike.He still isn't quite ready to return , although he thinks he probably will get back into the lineup by Aug. 24, perhaps sooner.
At the time he went on the disabled list, he was hitting .343 with 10 RBIs in 28 games.
What are Bench's feelings about catching again, now that he is so close to resuming his career, and just how well does he think he will hit after such a long layoff?
"I don't think anyone knows me better than I know myself, and it's simply time for me to stop catching and start playing another position," John explained to me over supper. "I'm not saying I'm not going to catch for the Reds, only that I think I can be of far more value to the ball club playing somewhere else.
"As far as hitting goes, I'm sure I can come back and take up right where I left off because I've done this before after being injured.I've never needed a long time to get my rhythm back. Just a normal amount of practice swings in the batting cage and I'll be ready."
Bench says that while the position he's most comfortable with is first base, which amounts to a vacation for his legs, he can also play a big league outfield.
Any time Manager John MacNamara uses Bench in the outfield, however, he sacrifices some speed, while putting him at first base means Cincinnati has no place for Dan Driessen. Though Driessen lacks Bench's power at the plate, he has driven in more than 300 runs for Cincinnati during the last four years and made vast improvement as a fielder.
But Bench contends that using him as a catcher also takes something away from the club by diminishing his own offensive capabilities.
"The last few years when I've had to punish myself physically to catch more than 100 games, I know this has cost me some home runs and lowered my batting average," John said. "I would prefer not to do that again."
"But whenever I play first base or the outfield, I never get tired," he continued."I'm not claiming I could go to the outfield and be another Roberto Clemente. But my anticipation would make me as good out there as most guys; my knowledge of opposing hitters would also help me; and from left field I could throw well enough so that nobody would take any liberties with my arm.
"the big thing, though, is how much more I could do for the Reds with my bat. I wouldn't get tired; I could play in a lot more games; and I wouldn't have all the extra responsibility that comes with catching."
With only next year remaining on his current contract, the 33-year old Bench was asked if the American League, with its designated hitter rule, wouldn't have a lot of appeal for him, especially if the money were the same or more?
"To me that's still a long time away, and nothing I really want to talk about ," John replied. "A lot of it would depend on where the Reds wanted to continue to play me, how often, and how I felt physically at the time.
"Right now, I think I could play first base or the outfield indefinitely," he continued. "And in the American League, if I needed some extra rest, I could skip the field for a couple of days and still keep my bat in the lineup as the designated hitter."
Asked how often the Reds will catch Bench in what remains of the season, or just how they plan to use him, an obviously upset MacNamara replied:
"Don't ask me questions about Johnny Bench. Maybe in 10 days, if Bench is ready, I can tell you then. But right now I've got a ball club to run that doesn't include Johnny Bench. I can't answer your question."
Whether MacNamara wants to admit it or not, he's going to have to find a regular place in his lineup for the man who was the National League's Rookie of the Year in 1968, its Most Valuable Player in 1970, and its premier power hitter of the decade of the '70s, piling up 1,013 runs batted in and 290 homers in that period.
In fact no player in either league had more RBIs during those 10 years, and only Pittsburgh's Willie Stargell (with 296) and New York's Reggie Jackson (292) hit more home runs in the same span.
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Lantana Wants You to Eat Hummus for Breakfast
The surprise ingredient in this non-traditional spread (fruit!) lends it serious breakfast potential.
On any given day, you could find us happily crushing containers of hummus. (It's quite possible we could turn into a chickpea at any point considering how much we love the legume!) The beloved spread—which is traditionally made up of chickpeas, tahini, lemon juice, and salt—is jam-packed with plant protein and fiber. Not to mention, it's one of the best ways to get people excited about breaking out their veggie sticks! But just when we thought the traditional spread couldn't get any better, Lantana Foods transformed it with an incredible twist. The hummus company's bright idea (and very bright spreads) has deliciously changed the spread game forever, all due to the addition of one surprise ingredient: fruit.
Admittedly, we never really thought of noshing on thick hummus for breakfast—until now. Lantana Foods' line of fruit-forward hummus serves as the perfect topping for whole-grain waffles or Ezekiel toast. Their flavors are unique and rainbow-esque to say the least, coming in Blueberry, Cherry, Mango, and Strawberry. The entire hummus line is vegan and gluten-free so most eaters can get in on the yummy action.
Creative ways to enjoy Lantana hummus
Lantana fruit hummus
Lantana Foods/Facebook
Lantana's fruity hummuses are made with a white bean base (instead of the classic chickpea puree), and each offers a uniquely flavorful twist. The best part about this lineup is that it's wildly versatile, so there's a healthy flavor for every palette, and you can switch it up constantly.
Wondering how to incorporate this sweet and tangy spread into your morning meal? The fruity hummus is finding its way into all sorts of iconic pairs with consumers swapping out cream cheese on bagels for the new condiment. The line even successfully broke up peanut butter and jelly: "We've had feedback that people are replacing jelly in a peanut butter and hummus sandwich—sort of a protein bomb there," Matt Gase, CEO of Lantana Foods, told Gourmet News. In fact, just two tablespoons of the strawberry-infused spread packs in 60 calories, 0 grams of fat, 80 milligrams of sodium, 9 grams of carbs (2 grams of fiber, 4 grams of sugar), and 2 grams of protein. Now that's a snack we can get behind!
Next time you whip up a batch of pancakes on Sunday morning, try swapping sugary maple syrup with a smear of Lantana's Cherry hummus. Or try stirring the mango hummus into a crunchy bowl of granola or dolloping it into overnight oats for extra creaminess. When snack time rolls around, opt for dipping crudités into Lantana's savory hummuses such as the Sriracha Carrot, Edamame, Cauliflower, and Hatch Chile. We can't think of a better way to make breakfast and snack time healthy and exciting! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9101462364196776}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '87905', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:FQWEI3VBHSQFIQDUSKJZX7PXLQDH727D', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:33a61b1e-06ed-459d-8085-88250ed60caa>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 11, 27, 2, 58, 18), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.67.4.35', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:K6WE47V6BG64VGZNPDPSYKVHKLVSL3QO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7ed6ada0-e3e5-472a-88c4-a9ce12b18b75>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.eatthis.com/lantana-fruit-hummus/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b644b099-319f-4cd1-be89-020e08490ea9>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '465', 'url': 'https://www.eatthis.com/lantana-fruit-hummus/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-49\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November/December 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-103\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02846580743789673', 'original_id': '2ff6c1e336e4544b835822dea50419ce4ead9d468ed3bfb717bd01a7dc8f0388'} |
From Conservapedia
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Carl Linnaeus, aka Carl von Linné, or Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) was the son of a Lutheran pastor in Sweden. His father taught him to love the identification of plants. So influenced to appreciate nature, Linnaeus studied and became a medical doctor. However, at every step he was quickly recognized for his outstanding abilities in the systematic study of nature. He became a professor at Uppsala University, first in practical medicine, but then he traded for another position in the university to become a professor of botany. This was perfect for him. He was a good teacher and had many students. He took his students on field trips and even sent them to other lands to find specimens. He married and had five children. He appointed his son to be his successor. After Linnaeus died, his widow, needing money, was forced to sell his library to the Linnean Society, founded in 1788 in London. It is still preserved there.
Believing the Genesis account of Creation in the Bible, Linnaeus made it his goal to identify the original "kinds" that God had made. Assuming that God would be orderly, he viewed the creatures as "pearls on a string" and established a system of classification for plants and animals that is still used. Each species was given a Latinized name (written in italics or underlined) in what is called "binomial nomenclature" and then fit into ever larger groupings that subsumed the groups below.
For example, humans are named Homo sapiens or "wise man." Going from the smallest grouping to the largest, humans would be classified as follows:
Species: sapiens
Genus: Homo
Family: Hominidae
Order: Primates
Class: Mammalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Phylum: Chordata
Kingdom: Animalia
How the system works can be seen when one considered the scientific names of wolves and dogs. The species name of the grey wolf is Canis lupis, the red wolf is Canis rufus, all the domestic dogs are Canis familiaris (Some believe the domestic dog is the same as the grey wolf, Canis lupus), the Coyote is Canis latrans. One can see that the genus Canus includes animals that are judged to be separate but quite similar. Canis joins Homo at the class, mammalia because both give milk to their young.
Linnaeus praised the Lord for what he observed in nature. His approach was to start with the observations and then to end by praising God[1]
At the end of his life Linnaeus did not believe that he had actually identified the Biblical "kinds." While he felt that he had made progress, his concept of "species" did not equal the "kinds." However, his system of naming and grouping earned him a lasting place in the history of science. Linnaeus relied on observation of physical forms. Today DNA sequencing is bringing new information about similarities among plants and animals that he would have enjoyed.[2] The definition of what a species really is remains a problem in taxonomy[3]
1. Lindroth, Sten. "The Two Faces of Linnaeus." edited by Tore Frangsmyr, Linnaeus: the Man and His Work. Canton, MA: Science History Publications, revised ed. 1994, p. 11
2. "The Legacy of Linnaeus" Nature 446, 7133, March 15, 2007, p. 231.
3. "The Species and the Specious" Nature 446. 7133, March 15, 2007, p. 250-255. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.975175142288208}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '20831', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:4K66DGWI2SJXB6UCCSRMJBUQ6J3K6DXI', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:339d6425-f1ff-49b0-8241-a315a9f5a621>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 23, 2, 51, 4), 'WARC-IP-Address': '96.127.163.10', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:22XZHYZ6Y37GLO7UKZK2ISR25DJTT6OB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9c27425a-bf16-4ab9-a18d-b6c6f14adc8f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Linnaeus&oldid=87021', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:0f0b6c94-8e8a-49b3-8380-5c38c8ecaeb5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '561', 'url': 'https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Linnaeus&oldid=87021', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-45-127-147.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.5002530813217163', 'original_id': '9781556093a53e184d20d94c75d459a96b072eef82295219ac668e1de4f76696'} |
Letters To The Editor
Dear Editor,
The Eagle’s Landing Education Research Committee (ELERC) held its first public open forum last night about the de-annexation of Stockbridge to form the new city of Eagle’s Landing. No questions from the public were allowed at ELERC’s open public forum. When Senator Emanuel Jones (the senator for Eagle’s Landing) attempted to ask a question, they would not let him speak. When they finally gave him the microphone at the very end - after the demands of the almost 500 person audience - they refused to cut on the microphone, stating that it would be a liability issue. When faced with the question of how it would impact Stockbridge, ELERC’s chair replied with, “I don’t know.” She then suggested that maybe Stockbridge was spending too much on services.
ELERC presented slanted facts to the community. They told us about the three services they plan to offer: zoning, parks and rec, and code enforcement. They claimed that our taxes would not be raised because franchise fees would pay for these services. What they did not mention was the 1.5 million (estimate based off of Stockbridge’s contract) that would have to be paid for police services to the new city. They did not mention the cost of sanitation that would also have to be paid. They did not mention the cost of renting office space and paying full-time employees to manage and render the services they wish to provide. They did not mention the initial start-up cost needed for the city to even be operational and able to respond to citizen needs. 500k-800k (being generous) in franchise fees will not pay for this. Citizens would have to pay an additional city tax that ELERC is refusing to acknowledge.
Instead of mentioning these things, they highlighted their desire to create a city where the median income is 100k a year so that they could attract new, higher end shops and restaurants to Henry County. They claimed that restaurants such as Cheese-cake Factory, California Pizza Kitchen, and Bonefish Grill would not come to Henry County because the median income was too low. That is simply not true.
The median household income in Stockbridge is $48,296. The following figures (2010 Census Data) apply to cities with those restaurants already in residence:
California Pizza Kitchen - Norcross - $44,728 median family income
Cheesecake Factory - Buford - $42,546 median family income
Bonefish Grill - Buford - $42,546 median family income
All three of those locations have a lower median household income than Stockbridge; yet, they have those restaurants. This is not about attracting high-end retail and eateries. This is about creating a city of segregation based on socioeconomic status. As they create this community (of which I would be a resident), they would also be hurting the citizens of Stockbridge and the city itself. However, only citizens of the new town would be able to vote on becoming a new town. Stockbridge citizens, who would be just as affected, would not be allowed to vote.
I wanted to say all of this last night, but ELERC did not care about public comment. They only wanted people to jump on their bandwagon. Last night was not a public forum. Last night was a group of citizens joining together to push an agenda that would be harmful to both themselves and the City of Stockbridge. On their Facebook, ELERC cites a Henry Herald article that Senator Jeffares is prepared to introduce legislation regarding this proposal. I am appalled that any state legislator is going along with this plan. I am even further appalled that said legislator did not think to ask the citizens of Stockbridge at-large their opinion before considering such legislation.
I am calling on all state legislators to, at the very least, solicit the opinions of all citizens affected by such legislation before dropping it this term. To do otherwise would be to ignore every principle of representative democracy on which our Republic was built. You have all taken an oath. I implore you to fulfill that oath. Listen to your people.
Thomas White,
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HEAD: headache, migraine, dizziness, trigeminal neuralgia
MOTOR SYSTEM: rheumatic, arthritic, backache, sciatica, neck pain, frozen shoulder, tennis elbow, carpal tunnel syndrome, sports injuries, sprains, paralysis and facial paralysis
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: stomach and duodenal ulcer, heartburn, nausea and vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, spastic colon, hepatitis, gall bladder problems
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: asthma, bronchitis, shortness of breath, recurrent colds
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: palpitations, pain or heaviness over the heart area, enlarged heart, hypertension, low blood pressure and poor circulation
URINARY SYSTEM: bladder infection, bladder irritation and spasm, lack of control of the bladder, nephritis, prostatitis
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: painful periods, irregular periods, premenstrual syndrome, menopause, low libido, endometriosis and infertility
EAR, NOSE, THROAT AND EYES: sinusitis, hay fever, tonsillitis and laryngitis SKIN: acne, eczema, hives, psoriasis, shingles
NERVOUS SYSTEM: stress, depression, anxiety and insomnia
GENERAL STATE: fatigue, low immunity, M.E, overweight, smoking addiction, Candida, diabetes, thyroid problems
Dr. Kelly Kong May
Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Practitioner
PR No. 1050000222399
Dr Kelly obtained her Bachelor Degree of Medicine from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 1994. She then completed a Post-Graduate course majoring in Acupuncture in 1995.
She worked in Shanghai Longhua Hospital as a resident doctor and lecturer. She came to South Africa in 1997 and built her own thriving practice in Greenside, Johannesburg. She is also a lecturer and consultant in Chinese Herbal Products.
At your first visit
Please bring the names and dosages of your medications, copies of any relevant test results and medical documents pertaining to your health concerns. There is an extensive list of questions that will be asked by the doctor regarding your history, current complaints and overall health status. A complete physical examination will then be performed. The information obtained from these procedures contributes to the overall diagnosis and enables the doctor to plan a suitable course of treatment. A standard consultation takes 15-30 minutes to complete. If receiving first treatment right after the initial consultation, the appointment will then last about one hours.
Treatment Course
The number of treatments necessary depends upon the nature, depth and seriousness of the disorder. Other influencing factors include your response to the treatment and how will you follow the Doctors recommendations. Quite often patients should notice some positive changes in their health within six treatments. However, it is important to remember that everybody has a different rate and pattern of recovery.
Once the course of treatment is complete, you may need to return if symptoms re-occur, or if new ones develop. In addition, further treatment for maintenance care or for preventative health measures may be advised.
Qi /Energy (pronounced as Chi)
The concept of Qi is based on the ancient Chinese understanding of natural phenomena. That is, Qi is the most basic substance of which the world is comprised. Everything in the universe results from the movements and changes of Qi. Qi is the life force. Qi flows through 14 main meridians forming a network within the body, so that they work as one unit. Each meridian is connected to an internal organ, which follows a set pathway in the body. When a person is healthy, the Qi moves smoothly through the meridians. If however, the flow is blocked or the flow is too weak or too strong, then illness occurs.
Yin and Yang are an ancient Chinese philosophical concept. Yin and Yang are the two fundamental principles or forces in the universe, ever opposing and supplementing each other. For example: day and night, hot and cold, outside and inside, movement and stability, rising and falling, woman and man, summer and winter, etc. When YIN and YANG within the body are mutually supportive and in balance, the body is healthy.
According to the theory of five elements: wood, fire, earth, metal and water are five basic substances that constitute the material world. These substances are not only of the relations with generation and restriction but set in a state of constant motion and change. In the human body five elements are linked with the five organs: wood-liver, fire-heart, earth-spleen, metal-lung, and water-kidney.
It is based on the Four Examinations: Observation, Odor, Questioning, and Pulse- Taking to gather the information about the patient's lifestyle, diet, medical history and emotional state, as well as thorough examination of the patient's tongue and pulse. The strength and rhythm and quality of the pulse indicate the energy of different organs and state of the disease. The tongue through its shape, color and coating indicate the nature, progress and severity of the illness. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '29', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8979817628860474}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '32522', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:AJUTSNU7UFNFLLTZRNMWFMM3HLQU4GFG', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e4591d32-07d5-450a-871d-6c2fe25adbf7>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 23, 4, 57, 22), 'WARC-IP-Address': '154.0.170.156', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:GRCDAMBNZ4VBANJGDTIW4D4W3YOAW4T3', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b853b943-8cbc-4284-8cc1-0dc00c0ad139>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://chinesemedicalclinic.co.za/index.php/about', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:77cd0ba7-8537-4c56-ab95-eb882179935d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '753', 'url': 'http://chinesemedicalclinic.co.za/index.php/about', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-186-87-179.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.048304736614227295', 'original_id': 'a48e29bd9cfa3695ac914b020d087e5939cfe2dd46b4510285c4efbdcbe63e2d'} |
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Melt Down Makeup Remover
Melt Down Makeup Remover
What it is:A nourishing and effective makeup remover.What it does:This makeup remover can take off Urban Decay's longest-lasting products, and it's good for your skin too. Sea Fan Extract combats inflammation, while beta carotene (a source of Vitamin A) and Gatuline In-Tense (harvested from the South African Rain Forest Peekabo plant) revitalize collagen production. Cranberry and raspberry seed oils, along with kukui nut and oat oil, moisturize and replenish. The squeeze tube is easy to use and small enough to take on an airplane.What else you need to know: This gel is non-greasy so you don't have to wash off any residue after you use it, and the light fragrance is uplifting but never obtrusive.
Questions & Answers:
3 Questions
17 Answers
Overall Rating:
4.035 out of 5
out of
Product Details
Questions & Answers for Urban Decay Melt Down Makeup Remover
What does it smell like?
I'm very interested in a good remover which is gentle and non-oily. So, I'm thinking about trying this product. One of the reviews described it as "stinky," however. Since stinkiness is really in the nose of the smeller, I'm hoping someone can tell me what it smells like? Roses? Olive oil? Rancid nuts? Oven cleaner? But seriously, this would be very helpful. Also, a note about how strong the scent is would be nice.
asked 3 years, 8 months ago
(Sevierville, TN)
on Melt Down Makeup Remover
11 answers
answer 1
You're right, the smell is in the nose of the you can stand the smell of depilatory products, then you'll be okay with this one. A whole lot milder than depilatory creams but definitely no Chanel :)
answered 2 years, 2 months ago
answer 2
It doesn't have a distinct scent and whatever it does have isn't strong. I'm sensitive to just about any highly scented products and it didn't give me a raging headache, if that helps.
As for those who say it's greasy--of course it is! It's melting *waterproof* make-up. I dare them to find a waterproof eye make-up remover that works and isn't greasy. Further, you can always wash your face afterward so there isn't a residue.
answered 2 years, 10 months ago
answer 3
It's not a gel (like it says it is), it's a cream and it leaves a disgusting residue on your skin after using it. I did not like it at all and will be returning it shortly. Don't waste your money!
answered 2 years, 11 months ago
answer 4
It has a VERY light scent of sunflowers when I smell it but I imagine that's because it has sunflower oil in it... just guessing though.
answered 3 years ago
(Halifax, NS)
answer 5
I personally think it smells like really bad old lady perfume that has been sitting out for a month..
answered 3 years ago
(Boca Grande, Fl)
answer 6
I really didn't find a problem with the scent at all. Quite bland actually. Maybe the person got a rancid tube or something.
I just left a review about this product and to be truthful, I really liked it but, it's small and so expensive.
It's not greasy and really nice but wasn't worth the buck.
If you want something really great, try soap and glory's off your face gwipes. They are inexpensive and don't test on animals, like UD.
They are also non greasy and one wipe does an incredible job.
Good luck and I hope I helped you out!
answered 3 years, 1 month ago
(Toronto, Canada)
answer 7
I think it has a sweet honey is definitely not medicinal or musty. Personally, I like it!
answered 3 years, 1 month ago
(Los Angeles, CA)
answer 8
i asked my fiance what it smelled like to him since i really couldnt find words to explain it and he said it sort of smelled like my powder but that it wasnt foul smelling at all, but a nice clean smell...hope it helps, it is after all just an opinion :)
answered 3 years, 5 months ago
(RGV, Texas)
answer 9
Funny that it should be thought of as "stinky"...I am very susceptible to smells and bad smells really annoy me, but I don't remember an issue with this. I did return it, though, because it does not remove the Urban Decay waterproof mascara and that's why I bought it.
answered 3 years, 6 months ago
(Alexandria VA)
answer 10
If you're looking for a makeup remover that easily takes off your makeup without scrubbing, this is it! I was extremely surprised and delighted to see its abilities in action on my first encounter with it. The smell isn't over powering and a little bit goes a long ways! It takes off waterproof makeup easily!
answered 3 years, 6 months ago
answer 11
To me, it just smells like regular face lotion/cream. It doesn't seem to have a distinct scent, but again that's just me. Smell is such a difficult sense to describe, it's unique to each individual.
answered 3 years, 7 months ago
(Houston, TX)
Does it smear on contact lenses and make them feel blurry and greasy?
asked 2 years, 2 months ago
on Melt Down Makeup Remover
5 answers
answer 1
Nope!! its awesome. if you go in store, they can give you a sample and you can see for yourself, i just don't open my eyes if I'm wearing my contacts.
answered 1 year, 3 months ago
answer 2
i used it while i had my contacts on, it didn't bother me at all.
answered 1 year, 6 months ago
answer 3
I wear contacts and I have never had this happen at all!
answered 1 year, 11 months ago
(Belmont, ca)
answer 4
Thanks! That's very helpful and also good to know that you don't have to rub too hard to make it work well. I will try to get to a Sephora and sample it.
answered 2 years, 2 months ago
answer 5
I didn't notice any smearing of my contact lenses when I used it, although I didn't rub very vigorously when I removed my make-up with them in.
answered 2 years, 2 months ago
(Kansas City, MO)
How does this compare to Clean & Sober?
I've been using the Clean & Sober makeup remover for years, and I love it. Is this remover as good as Clean & Sober? What are some differences (if any)?
asked 2 years, 11 months ago
(Orange County, CA)
on Melt Down Makeup Remover
1 answer
answer 1
I personally LOVED Clean & Sober and I hate this. C&S was a gel while this is more of a watery lotion. C&S was also very gentle, this is way more harsh and made my eyes burn. C&S made my make up easy to wipe off, Melt Down not only did not dissolve my make up, but made it messy and run all over the place. It was extremely messy and I ended up having to wash my face to get MD off my face, MD also left my face very sticky. C&S, I would just take off my make up and throw some moisturizer on, and be done. The smell is also not my fave. I ended up switching to clinique's eye make up removed and Sephora's face wipes.
answered 2 years, 9 months ago
(Forest Hills, NY)
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Author: Alfonso Armada
In our collective imagination, Sarajevo is a name related to siege, survival, horror. In the context of the war in Bosnia in the early 90s, the city became a net of crossed bullets, cultural projects, hopeless fate and hopeful gestures. Just like Susan Sontag or Juan Goytisolo, Alfonso Armada was there and he tells us about it. Using a precise and lyric and prose, he writes, mixing notes with opinion columns, the complexity of the conflict that decided the fate of Europe in the 21st century.
The prologue is by Clara Usón, author of The daughter from the East, an essential novel on this topic, and pictures are by the prestigious photographer and Armadas’ travel companion Gervasio Sánchez.
Original language
SPANISH | Malpaso
Other books by the same author
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Category: Grief
The Weight of Grief
This beautiful illustration tries to capture what grief physically feels like in the body.
Loss is an integral part of being human. Loss is also one of the most dreaded parts of being human. As humans we seek out relationships and form emotional bonds and special connections with others (people and pets). When these bonds are broken through death, it may feel like a part of us died with that person or animal.
Life continues, whilst you struggle to breath
Perhaps one of the strangest feelings about loss is that we have to continue living even though we may feel like we are dying inside. Your world has stopped, but the world around you continues as if nothing has happened. People are still sharing funny videos on facebook, taxis continue to cut in front of you in traffic, coffee shops buzz with chatter, and all the while you feel trapped in a bubble that contains your heavy, dying world inside. I often hear clients say that they struggle the most with this paradox. The outside world doesn’t match their inside world. The world feels surreal.
I think part of the reason why it seems so surreal that the world continues with it’s hustle and bustle whilst your world comes crashing down, is that you are faced head on with the reality that we are all going to die, including all of our loved ones. Now, I know that we all know we are going to die, but do we really? It seems as if we live life thinking that we have forever. We miss out on opportunities now because we think we can take them up later. What if we don’t have a later? This is just one of the things that people who are grieving are faced with, along with a number of other heavy and overwhelming emotions. People who have lost a loved one realize that on some level, which might not even be conscious to them, that we are all going to die and that life is a very serious and finite matter.
Death Anxiety
The realness of life hits the bereaved harder than the everyday person standing in the queue at the grocery store. Thoughts such as “this is so trivial and meaningless” may enter their minds as people carry on with business as usual. Irvin Yalom, a world renowned psychologist, calls this brush with reality “death anxiety”. Death anxiety mingles in with the overwhelming feelings of loss and can add extra weight to the grieving process, a weight which the average individual cannot comprehend. Now, it’s not because they are incapable of comprehending the real fact that they, and all their loved ones, will die, no, it’s because we use protective mechanisms to distract ourselves from death anxiety. After all, it would be unhealthy to live each moment frozen in the fear that we are going to die. We need to also live.
Grief is Lonely
People who have loved lost ones live in this state of frozen anxiety about death. They struggle with the idea that the world can carry on as normal. Being in this state makes bereavement a very lonely and isolating process. After all, how do you relate to someone who complains about the traffic when you have experienced this significant loss and are faced daily with a debilitating death anxiety? A loss that makes your body physically feel like it is filled with stones. Paralyzed. Immobile. Still. Not part of this world.
What do you guys think? Does grief feel like a body weighted down by stones? Please share with us your experience of loss and the grieving process. Have you been faced with death anxiety? What does it feel like?
For more information on loss and grief, please click on the Loss and Grief Therapy page.
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Charlie is a dog that knows when he's done wrong. And, boy, does he feel bad.
The pooch stole some toys from a baby in his house, so he decided to make up for his crime by giving her pretty much every toy he could find within sniffing distance.
Consider yourself forgiven, Charlie. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9922217726707458}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '118036', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:DCWZU6O2PNETNMIHEAEVWSU4BBAHSAIR', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c7d10988-6a97-48b6-b955-f715ba6285db>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 8, 18, 22, 17, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '72.21.91.8', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:V4RYDGSFBSBQK4FVLXOLUPUR53S6ILWY', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:27dc8657-d03b-47ae-9fd0-b1755c88e9cc>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://975now.com/dog-offers-sweetest-apology-for-stealing-babys-toys/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ef1174d5-c7a5-43fa-84db-f46505f91163>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '53', 'url': 'http://975now.com/dog-offers-sweetest-apology-for-stealing-babys-toys/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-34\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-142-246-207.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.9145723581314087', 'original_id': '237303ce981d1925bb535b2410c4f8d08fd244e56216d79c7fb08a73139f909b'} |
What is Cherokee Elder Care?
The elderly represent a growing and vital resource in our communities that may need an added level of care. Cherokee Elder Care was created to work in conjunction with the community, state and federal government to provide this specialized care to northeastern Oklahoma. Cherokee Elder Care is the first PACE program in the state of Oklahoma and the first PACE program to be sponsored by a Native American tribe. Additionally, it is one of the first rural PACE sites in the nation. It represents a team effort to increase the availability and quality of services, facilitate their timely delivery and enhance the lives of elderly persons by assisting them to remain in their homes as long as possible.
What is the PACE program?
PACE (Programs of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly) is a federal program designed to keep elders living in their homes, connected with their communities. The PACE center combines the services of an adult day health center, primary care office, and rehabilitation facility into a single location. Services include but are not limited to primary care, rehabilitation, prescription medication, meals/nutritional counseling, respite services, caregiver training, home health and transportation. Utilizing an inter-disciplinary team (IDT) comprised of physicians, registered nurses, nurse practitioners, therapists, social service workers, dieticians, and transportation specialists, the total needs of the elder can be addressed. This provides an all-inclusive and comprehensive continuum of care designed to maintain and ideally to improve the quality of life for our elderly. All services are provided through Medicare and Medicaid. Inpatient services (temporary nursing home and hospital) and dental services are provided through partnerships with other providers.
Do I have to be a citizen of the Cherokee Nation to participate?
No. Participation is open to all who qualify for the PACE program.
Are prescription drugs covered?
Yes. All prescription and non-prescription drugs deemed necessary by the PACE interdisciplinary care team are paid for by the PACE program.
How much does it cost?
The cost of Cherokee Elder Care depends on the participant’s Medicare and Medicaid eligibility. If your family member has Medicaid, or Medicaid & Medicare, there is no cost. Everything from medical services and prescriptions, to transportation is provided at no charge. If your family member is eligible for Medicare only, there will be a fee involved. Those without Medicare or Medicaid may private pay. “Lock-In” Provisions– Once your loved one becomes a Cherokee Elder Care participant, they are liable for the cost of services obtained without Personal Care Team approval (except for emergency services, emergency services are always covered) .
What are the qualifications to participate in PACE?
• Must be 55 years of age or over
• Must be certified by the state as needing some level of nursing home level of care
• Can be safely cared for in their home
• Must live in a PACE service area (zip codes)
How do people get to the day health center?
PACE programs provide transportation to the day health center. Transportation is a key part of the PACE benefit. Transportation is not only provided between the home and the day health center, but also to appointments with specialists and other activities.
What happens to my Medicare/Medicaid coverage when I join CEC?
Participants with Medicare and/or Medicaid do not lose their coverage, but Cherokee Elder Care becomes the administrator of these benefits. This means that you maintain benefits covered by Medicare and/or Medicaid and become eligible for additional services offered by Cherokee Elder Care.
Do PACE participants attend the day health center every day?
No. On average, PACE participants attend the day center three times a week. Day center attendance is based on individual needs and can range from once a week, or to several days a week, as needed. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.951292872428894}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '16198', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:U2SRHNIMKD7DKQTAGGG44YG7SX7FYWON', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:3c95785b-5649-49b0-ad15-878e2f980808>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 16, 20, 41, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '65.64.61.178', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:B5OW3ZCETF6YIA2N4GH2FL7DGXNMBBB2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7c0c861f-dbd8-41c9-b07d-bdf7304cab34>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://eldercare.cherokee.org/Eligibility-Services/Faqs', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e71513ee-39eb-4b80-9bcd-8dc9953a2bb5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '617', 'url': 'https://eldercare.cherokee.org/Eligibility-Services/Faqs', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-09\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-159-220-225.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04698294401168823', 'original_id': '9f9780b4223d03b87d9862e738024458b62a73504496834a01134e100414e20f'} |
Reus switch sparks Bayern-Dortmund spat
Bundesliga leaders Bayern Munich and champions Borussia Dortmund were locked in a war of words on Monday days after the latter snapped up forward Marco Reus, long a target for the Bavarians.
The 22-year-old Borussia Monchengladbach and Germany forward, who has scored 10 goals this season, agreed last week to join Dortmund at the end of the season in a five-year deal that is the biggest so far in the winter transfer period.
"Dortmund have been successful in keeping up with their own understated position," Bayern sports director Christian Nerlinger told Bild newspaper. "This is now finished with this transfer. It is a whole new step."
Bayern coach Jupp Heynckes said Bayern had had a string of rivals over the years but remained top of the heap as challenges from clubs such as Werder Bremen, Gladbach and Dortmund faded after a few seasons.
"Let's wait and see how long they can keep moving on this level," Heynckes told reporters.
Dortmund, surprisingly dominant champions last season and in second place three points behind Bayern in the current campaign, have repeatedly played down their chances of defending the title, saying they would be happy with a finish that would secure them European football next season.
"Have no fear. When we decide to change our strategy we will make sure to let Mr Nerlinger know," Dortmund coach Jurgen Klopp told reporters in response.
The 1997 Champions League winners have come back from the brink of financial ruin a few years ago to become Bayern's biggest title rivals in recent seasons.
Reus's reported 17-million-euro transfer only underlines their ambition for a more permanent place at the top of the Bundesliga. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '03ab2a2307ba0fd429e9f3f9b892d3064c79ae3bec2505b2655145947807c977'} |
Bed Bug Empire
How Do Be Bugs Spread?
Gina Graines
Bed bugs can spread in so many ways it's hard to believe. Many people can get them from neighbors who have an infestation and set infested furniture out by the curb. The bed bugs can travel in the grass to nearby homes from the infested items.
They can spread by hitchhiking on people clothing as well as items like purses and such. Places like malls and libraries have had to be shut down due to bed bug out breaks. One can get them by simple visiting a friend or a family member and sitting on a chair or couch that's infested. Another way a lot of people are becoming exposed to them is by staying in a hotel room that has them even for one night. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9844580888748168}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '39524', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:423EVDE2XUKDG6ERL3YPTBPJCR6MSDWM', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c18cb948-c608-4956-be5c-ed9ff142d80f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 6, 17, 34, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.71.233.11', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:GGKN7CIX6MWQN3UE7Q7XCSPJ2JOCDGBS', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f4f4ba06-53b7-4bb9-8fc8-ee463e976822>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.bedbuginator.com/question/bed-bug-empire/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:138822c6-7e5a-4b5f-b878-8df100a3e846>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '136', 'url': 'https://www.bedbuginator.com/question/bed-bug-empire/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-206.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.7117176651954651', 'original_id': '34506e227cc3da824c79295c10577b9a05fdff12cbd4bc8f58b6a8e78d3044a9'} |
Quantitative analysis of inorganic particulate burden in situ in tissue sections.
Quantitative information on tissue particulate burden is essential for investigation of relationships of particulates to several aspects of disease, such as exposure, physiology, radiology and pathology. We have developed a method for quantitative analysis of inorganic particulate burden in situ in tissue sections using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with backscattered electron (BSE) imaging and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) or the ion microprobe mass analyzer (IMMA). Our data show reproducible results for concentrations above 10(6) particles per cm3 of tissue. Samples of less than one microgram can be analyzed. Standard 5 microns paraffin sections of formalin fixed tissue are mounted on carbon discs, deparaffinized and examined in the SEM under standardized conditions. Fields of view comprising 10,000 microns3 are searched and all particles visible in the BSE image are counted and individually analyzed by EDXA. Location, number, size and types of particles are tabulated. Previous work showed correlation of quantitative SEM/EDXA with bulk analysis for Ni (r = 0.64), and IMMA with bulk analysis for Be (r = 0.999). Analytical results on exogenous and endogenous particles in 40 lungs (greater than 6000 fields searched and greater than 5700 particles analyzed), and the pathology observed in the tissue, may serve as baseline for future studies on all types of inorganic particles in normal and abnormal lungs. Observed concentrations ranged from 3 X 10(6) to 2 X 10(9) exogenous particles per cm3 of tissue. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '8cdca7c72b7f85cf5cdba9962cfeddb552dde78fade6703c796457acacdc60e6'} |
DETROIT -- Tesla Motors (TSLA), maker of the Model S electric sedan, aims to earn its first profit later this year and launch a cheaper electric vehicle within three to four years, Chief Executive Elon Musk said.
The 10-year-old electric car maker has reached its target production rate for the Model S of 20,000 a year and expects to launch the Model X, a luxury crossover built on the Model S platform, in the second half of 2014, he said.
"Now, the tough thing for Tesla is to actually make a profit for the first time," Chief Executive Elon Musk said on Sunday, while accepting an award in Detroit. "That's, I think, when you start being a real company."
Musk told reporters that a quarterly profit was more likely toward the end of 2013, rather than the beginning of the year. Analysts expect Tesla to show a profit of 6 cents per share in the third quarter of 2013, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.
"I'm hoping we'll have a profitable quarter this year," Musk said after the event held a day before a media preview of the Detroit auto show. "Shame on us if we can't achieve that."
The Palo Alto-based automaker, founded by Musk, went public in 2010. The Model S is the company's second-generation vehicle, after the Roadster electric sports car. The Model S starts at nearly $60,000 before a federal tax credit.
Tesla is also working on a third-generation vehicle that would cost around $30,000 to $35,000, Musk told reporters. The vehicle will be smaller than the Model S and roughly the size of BMW's 3-series sedan.
Tesla's lineup costs between $60,000 and $120,000, representing the "sweet spot" of demand for electric vehicles, J.P. Morgan analyst Ryan Brinkman said in a research note last month.
Brinkman expressed concerns about Tesla's cheaper EV, saying demand for mass-market electric cars was "spottier." | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '8', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.957516312599182}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '62564', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:VKLVEWDYQZQXGNHQL7V7B32HRPIY6CLE', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a61dbed8-c41f-46d3-805a-2a3329f1e064>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2016, 7, 29, 21, 44, 6), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.21.53', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MEJLH4XXV3CCYP4KWYJE4SJ7YVV5TYD2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7a94c6ed-fa7a-439e-84f9-09147e4a7059>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.eastbaytimes.com/breaking-news/ci_22369659/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-says-automaker-aims-profit', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b9f239c1-081a-4c7b-a398-fe75acfa38b1>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '301', 'url': 'http://www.eastbaytimes.com/breaking-news/ci_22369659/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-says-automaker-aims-profit', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2016-30\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2016\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.028815507888793945', 'original_id': 'b94e3b3400945b89a023800c618cad5fcb08a8bfd082ef268764d7a8b3767b80'} |
Mr. Tickle and the evolution of Tickling
We automatically associate the word “tickle” with play, laughter, and tend to pair the word with multiple people (after all, who tickles themselves).
Shakespeare states in the Merchant of Venice
Selden in his review of the behavior of tickling separates the action into two different families: knismesis, and light noxious tickling and gargalesis, a tickling sensation that induces heavy laughter. It is important to note here that tickling can be both aversive and pleasurable, and the action that is induced by extrinsic force.
In terms of neurophysiology, it is thought that extrinsic stimulation to several different pressure receptors may cause the pleasurable feeling. However, depending on whether you’re receiving an aggressive tickle from a sibling, or the light brushing of a feather, light touch and hard touch take different paths up the central nervous system to the brain. This pathway is different from the pathway generally associated with itch, yet it is curious to think that a pin could elicit a feeling of pain, or a tickling sensation solely depending on pressure. The anterior supplemental motor are of the frontal cortex is associated with laughter so it could be that tickling activates this region of the brain. Interestingly the reason why you or I cannot tickle ourselves is because the afferent sensory information coming from our receptors is negated in the cerebellum. But, what about when an appendage such as an arm or leg falls asleep at night because we may sleep in an awkward position? When, say you arm for example, goes numb, this is due to the ulnar nerve being compressed and as a result no stimulation passes from your hand to your brain. So, potentially then we could self-tickle.
Tickling as a social behavior though is important. For example tickling solidifies the bond between mother and child during infancy and allows for more maternal contact. During childhood tickling is very much a social behavior used to develop social skills. Finally later in adolescence, and in adulthood tickling becomes more erotic and a faceted behavior of sexual foreplay.
Selden ST. Tickle. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 50(1):93-97. 2004
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Connecting to %s | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '35', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8968391418457031}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '52655', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6MW5NTDUM2XOV54E34TQCQJDRHTNVSL7', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:423f0eb2-f80b-479e-b48b-0b1cbb5f2f06>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 23, 0, 10, 28), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.0.78.13', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:DW2VKE5VMUTWVPJ6KIAWJUZT7UU6MJMN', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a20f7cde-39ed-4e0f-b6df-ed840a3a8ec0>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://psychneuro.wordpress.com/2015/05/10/mr-tickle-and-the-evolution-of-tickling/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:864604c9-c70e-4713-b730-137ac8855970>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '447', 'url': 'https://psychneuro.wordpress.com/2015/05/10/mr-tickle-and-the-evolution-of-tickling/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-41-188-142.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-39\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2143436074256897', 'original_id': '27876529a56815927228c84359b8e399cd1c7414433acfc48a8e16689e20c36f'} |
Google offers bounty for security bugs on its websites
By Emil
Nov 2, 2010
Post New Reply
1. Google has begun offering cash for security bugs reported on its websites, following the success of its bug bounty program that pays hackers for finding security flaws in Chrome. The new vulnerability reward program applies to Google web properties (,,, and but excludes Google's client applications (Android, Picasa, Google Desktop, and so on).
Read the whole story
2. ReMonster
ReMonster Newcomer, in training
It certainly isn't new, but it is a great approach to keep there toolset secure. It also helps to know they are actively trying to prevent issues before they occur, instead of the OLD microsoft approach of patching after exposure.
3. Emin3nce
Emin3nce Newcomer, in training Posts: 129
We would like you to fix our bugs, but don't try really hard because you may actually find something? I mean, hear me out, crackers are usually 12 year old kids with a botnet who use automated scans etc to do a bulk of their work...
Generally to fight that sort of threat, shouldn't researchers do that very act?
4. shortie
shortie Newcomer, in training Posts: 18
Like Mozilla :)
5. Hilarious that they made the max 3,133.7.!
For those who don't "get it" - 3,133.7 = ELEET
6. TechFox
TechFox Newcomer, in training
i think its an awesome idea, might make be brake out my old coding eye to check the sources and if i find nothing at least i've brushed up on the knowledge that i used to love. nothing like making money while hacking. most security is slacking for the most part. just have to think outside the box.
7. AnonymousSurfer
AnonymousSurfer TechSpot Enthusiast Posts: 307 +11
I think this is a neat idea. I might have to go find some bugs...
8. lawfer
lawfer TechSpot Paladin Posts: 1,272 +90
But what you "don't get" is, that you found that out using the very Google.
9. HaMsTeYr
HaMsTeYr TechSpot Maniac Posts: 387
Reminds me of what mozilla did with firefox really. Still, its a good approach to helping create better, more secure software
10. poertner_1274
poertner_1274 secroF laicepS topShceT Posts: 4,745
Since Google can afford this, I think it's brilliant. It does 2 things in my eyes. It helps them secure their domains, as well as potentially acquire new talent to use on their team should they find someone who finds multiple flaws and become a good asset to their design team.
11. kaonis92
kaonis92 TechSpot Enthusiast Posts: 117
Let's all go on a bug-finding safari! I guess it's going to be difficult to find a bug in google's sites though!
12. starfreezer
starfreezer Newcomer, in training Posts: 16
I like the way they make people do things for them via a positive reward system. A politic I definitely prefer over the usual "We will come after you with rakes and torches" kinda approach we hear from time to time. Let's not hope someone comes along a reward people even more money if they can make Google's systems fail... hmm, I suppose that already exist... hmm, does that mean that this reward from Google doesn't matter as those who can actually make systems fail will always be in front because they get more cash!! Arrr, brain is melting...
13. fritz123
fritz123 Newcomer, in training Posts: 56
it's smart for google in doing so. sometimes you need an outsiders perspective. it's like putting your enemies in your side. im really amazed at google. clap clap clap
14. TorturedChaos
TorturedChaos TechSpot Chancellor Posts: 843 +11
Not a brand new approach by any means, but still a good idea. Wouldn't mind seeing more companies do this. As starfreezer said, its always nice to see people try positive reinforcement for once.
15. spyx
spyx Newcomer, in training Posts: 57
Count me in, first off---google buzz......
16. theruck
theruck Newcomer, in training Posts: 44
who are those "hackers"? do they still exist? :)
17. sMILEY4ever
sMILEY4ever TechSpot Enthusiast Posts: 156
:O I didn't get it but I do now. 1337 text is 1337.
18. Puiu
Puiu TechSpot Addict Posts: 1,025 +91
It would be awesome if microsoft did the same for windows or other products.
19. klepto12
klepto12 TechSpot Paladin Posts: 1,364 +9
i agree with puiu if the bigger companies did this it would be great its really to bad that microsoft and the such don't do this.
20. hitech0101
hitech0101 TechSpot Enthusiast Posts: 426 +19
Google taking a nice step but this did take a long time it seems they had discussed a lot about this move that's the thing with Google they have in depth discussions whether to go ahead or not they.Since they went with it any way they could have done it a lot earlier.
21. xcelofjkl
xcelofjkl Newcomer, in training Posts: 86
Can I be given a bounty for mere suggestions? Aesthetic changes? Functionality changes? He He.
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Statistics > Machine Learning
Title: An Empirical Analysis of the Laplace and Neural Tangent Kernels
Abstract: The neural tangent kernel is a kernel function defined over the parameter distribution of an infinite width neural network. Despite the impracticality of this limit, the neural tangent kernel has allowed for a more direct study of neural networks and a gaze through the veil of their black box. More recently, it has been shown theoretically that the Laplace kernel and neural tangent kernel share the same reproducing kernel Hilbert space in the space of $\mathbb{S}^{d-1}$ alluding to their equivalence. In this work, we analyze the practical equivalence of the two kernels. We first do so by matching the kernels exactly and then by matching posteriors of a Gaussian process. Moreover, we analyze the kernels in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and experiment with them in the task of regression.
MSC classes: 62M08 (Primary), 46C08 (Secondary)
ACM classes: G.3
Journal reference: California State University's ScholarWorks, Summer (2022)
Cite as: arXiv:2208.03761 [stat.ML]
(or arXiv:2208.03761v1 [stat.ML] for this version)
Submission history
From: Ronaldas Paulius Lencevicius [view email]
[v1] Sun, 7 Aug 2022 16:18:02 GMT (8108kb,D)
Link back to: arXiv, form interface, contact. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '26', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8016089200973511}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '17302', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:MMTAF7XVXKQYLSBH37CCL6ES5PVIASET', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f30f206f-fb7e-4672-960d-184a91cc0129>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 12, 8, 8, 53, 34), 'WARC-IP-Address': '128.84.21.203', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:GXAVAD67HUWC4HNCB3HEWWUACJYKB7AA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:10f0b00a-0af2-49a1-b87a-ada042df4d18>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://export.arxiv.org/abs/2208.03761?context=cs', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:280a1aad-fd13-4a28-9d18-09e7a8c5821e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '249', 'url': 'http://export.arxiv.org/abs/2208.03761?context=cs', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-49\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November/December 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-71\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02386617660522461', 'original_id': 'fcb192bb685452198919884eac010c94fd3c204a8a5dffd9dd18d0fb80481171'} |
Accessory Dwelling Units: An Affordable Solution In Overheated Housing Markets
A Washington D.C. ADU
Accessory Dwelling Units, or ADUs, are secondary houses or apartments that share the building lot of a larger, primary house.
Also known as in-law apartments, granny flats or carriage houses, they have been embraced by many as an answer to the problems posed by a lack of housing, and affordable housing in particular. ADUs are rental units; they cannot be sold independently.
Major cities that allow ADUs include Anchorage, Alaska; Atlanta, Georgia; Austin, Texas; Denver, Colorado; Honolulu, Hawaii; Houston, Texas; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Phoenix, Arizona; Seattle, Washington; and Washington, D.C. But these are exceptions: in Chicago, for example, they are against the law, and most cities, especially along the East Coast, take Chicago’s course.
It’s not uncommon for homeowners to convert a portion of their residence into an ADU in violation (knowingly or not) of zoning laws or without permits. Such illegal ADUs are common in cities with tight housing markets and a history of ADU bans, like New York City, which gained 114,000 apartments between 1990 and 2000 that aren’t reflected in certificates of occupancy or by safety inspections.
Today In: Real Estate
“Across the country, on the state level, the prevailing mentality appears to be championing ADUs as a solution to affordable housing,” says Sarah Bauder, Senior Market Analyst at
“Yet, many city councils are less inclined to embrace their construction. Given the increasing state ADU ordinances relaxing restrictions on construction, these cities will have no choice but comply with these state ordinances.”
Since 2017, California has sought to relax anti-ADU legislation. In 2020, it gave homeowners of most single-family residences the option to build up to three on their property. The new law supersedes local legislation.
“California has allowed ADUs since 2006, but that law was challenged in court and most cities buried it,” says Bo Sundius, principal of BunchADU of Los Angeles. “Now, the parking requirements, which killed many possible projects, are exempt for properties within a half mile of public transportation. Also, homeowners can ‘daisy chain’ utilities, extending their services to the ADU units.”
The effects have been dramatic: in 2016 Los Angeles received 80 permit applications for ADUs. In 2017, that number was nearly 2,000.
“In my opinion, state, county and city governments have done nothing but put up road blocks to affordable housing over the past 20 years,” says John Flaniken, a real estate broker and owner of Trade-In Real Estate in Santa Cruz, California. “This is the first thing that can actually make for more affordable housing.”
After Portland, Oregon, relaxed its ADU rules in 2010 and waived impact fees (a savings of up to $12,000 for the homeowner,) the number of ADUs built there increased from about 30 per year between 2000 and 2009 to practically one ADU a day in 2015.
“When you are looking at new construction, each permit application is handled 97 separate times,” Flaniken says. “If we develop a streamlined process, it brings down the cost.”
Steve Glenn, CEO of Plant Prefab, builds small structures in California. He says,
“Many housing advocates rightly point out that the best way to create more affordable housing is to, first and foremost, create more housing. What typically happens when there is more housing available, prices and rents tend to stabilize or even go down. ADUs, by taking advantage of extra space most single-family homes have on their lots, are an easy way to create greater housing stock.”
At BunchADU, Sundius and his partner, Hisako Ichiki, have designed four prototype ADUs. The smallest costs $175,000 to construct.
“The ADU will become a unique American building type,” he says.
Simon Bowler, Chief Communications Officer at 2nd Market Capital Advisory Corporation, owns an ADU in Madison, Wisconsin.
“It was constructed by the previous owner in the backyard of my lot in 2016. A wonderful investment, it has been very easy to lease at a rate that is affordable for tenants while it generates an attractive return for me.” | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9513891935348512}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '73197', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:D5Q2UKVUOC56C24QHBOBSPPXOJKAHHEL', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f00bcd14-04e2-477a-894f-587cf03515f7>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 9, 30, 1, 7, 23), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.21.81.143', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:ND6CZJVCIGCUX4DGOXLQQOCBTHHUHVZC', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:8133735f-b8ec-4a58-93dc-f0f19f3190d9>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.selasoftware.com/accessory-dwelling-units-an-affordable-solution-in-overheated-housing-markets/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:45fd31ef-66ce-4c60-b024-90f956171dc3>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '645', 'url': 'https://www.selasoftware.com/accessory-dwelling-units-an-affordable-solution-in-overheated-housing-markets/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-40\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September/October 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-96\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.035231947898864746', 'original_id': '9e4931fbacbb2ea5a0f6a119e2cae8bf8930d571d3a6af4cec0e862e63a116b7'} |
A List of Things Artificial Intelligence Will Not Replace
Artificial intelligence has made an enormous impact on our lives, including behavioral algorithms, smart home technology, and self-driving cars. There is no doubt that AI will continue to advance and alter our world, but there is also no doubt that there are things it cannot and will not replace.
Relationships: You don’t have a relationship with Siri. Or Alexa. These two ladies don’t have any idea who you are. The possibility that humans will go from tribes that live, survive, and thrive together to helmets that live alone and shun other human beings is exceedingly small.
Caring: It will be a long time before artificial intelligence becomes conscious, if it ever makes the monumental, evolutionary leap that, so far, has occurred only in sentient beings, and mostly the human variety. Automation, when used as a substitute for human interaction, is the complete elimination of caring. It is an outsourcing of what should not be outsourced.
Inspiration: Human beings are inspiring and inspired. Artificial intelligence doesn’t make us feel anything. We are moved by human beings that exercise their compassion. We are inspired by those who achieve great feats, great works of art, and who sacrifice.
Wisdom: Artificial intelligence can beat world champions in the game of Chess and the infinitely complex Chinese game called Go. But it can’t tell you how to live a good life, how to discover your purpose, or what is the source of happiness. There is a difference between information and insight. Wisdom is not intelligence; it’s something more than that.
A Sense of Belonging: You are not among “your people” when you are surrounded by automatons and computers. You are among your people when you are around “your” people. You can’t replace the sense of being with the people with whom you belong. Friendship is going to be more valuable and more important in the future.
Shared Experiences: You are not going to take your artificial intelligence to dinner or on vacation to the south for France. You may let it assist in doing some of the planning.
Curiosity, Imagination, and Resourcefulness: These things are infinitely human. Artificial intelligence provides information. It will not replace human curiosity, imagination, or resourcefulness, something that the mind developed as a method of survival. Artificial intelligence doesn’t dream, but you do.
Desire: Artificial intelligence may help satisfy some desires, but it isn’t going to create it. That burning feeling in the pit of your stomach when you really want something—and the ability to create that desire—isn’t going anywhere anytime soon.
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Share this page with your network | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9444762468338012}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '52508', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:M4OEHZHLBUH4DURCOXJSHX56S4FQ6A6I', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ac199613-a06b-4b1a-b409-0ed86c52bc0f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 23, 6, 2, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '205.186.165.75', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5PWFCKRDEICDLRIHA4N55K6K7IGPCYD6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:8007b3a3-2f45-45fc-9e09-2bd0b6315b90>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://thesalesblog.com/2017/05/24/list-things-artificial-intelligence-will-not-replace/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:02870cba-8b3d-48b0-bf1f-eb8622a4345b>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '451', 'url': 'https://thesalesblog.com/2017/05/24/list-things-artificial-intelligence-will-not-replace/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-149-172-122.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-43\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03354370594024658', 'original_id': 'c611ff24fe4ea037b9e5d1924892d310ab6d5f6e0ca5ebf0be281df2c0d00fc7'} |
I spend much too much MUCH TOO MUCH, much, much, much too much money on makeup in my everlasting search for the perfect foundation. Vanity, thy pseudonym is Curlypearl.
2/c and some 3A.
Protein sensitive but can use occasionally
Highly porous. Color over grey.
Best 1st day method: Super Soaker
Every day is a gift | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '3', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8919507265090942}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '12093', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:K7UU4GT4SMURAJ2HKFRIJZH5UFH42LKC', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e65518ef-0c39-4f4b-be63-deafd9335760>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 23, 4, 11, 23), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.243.36.224', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:EQEPQOKGL7P2HUDSZWIRSOP5XR4YA6M3', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d161ad62-2532-42cc-bd5e-41388fbab698>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.naturallycurly.com/curltalk/2145195-post12.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:cf0c9c69-6099-487f-82c0-cd55fe9a71e2>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '78', 'url': 'http://www.naturallycurly.com/curltalk/2145195-post12.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-52\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for December 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.15582293272018433', 'original_id': 'd9dcef224af42aafec0704e53c4c5d98ad8112a4530c4645816e7e29f71cef1a'} |
We must make sure this never happens again
Rampage killings always bring out the best in people who wish to leverage one maladjusted person’s craven cowardice to enact laws for which they’ve always clamored. When 20 of the victims are children gunned down in classrooms at an elementary school in a sleepy Connecticut town we can expect the very best empty rhetoric and accusations of abetting child murder.
It starts with vapid statements like, “We must make sure this never happens again.” I guess people who actually believe humans can control the planet’s thermostat and sea levels really do think they’re powerful enough to prevent some crackpot from acting on his impulse to hurt others.
Right. The same people who can’t put forth a viable, rational plan to avoid an obvious, regularly occurring problem like our trillion dollar annual deficit – whose cause is clearly known and indisputable – are now going to devise a common sense solution to banish random, utterly unpredictable crimes to the dustbin of history.
I’m not going to argue the merits of additional gun laws because nobody on either side is changing anybody’s mind on the other side. If people honestly believe that certain classes of firearms or certain capacity magazines must join crack cocaine and heroin as things that are banned and therefore impossible for any American to obtain that’s their right.
I don’t believe it’s possible to “make sure this never happens again.” There are too many variables, too many potential targets, too many mentally deficient people for the threat to be eliminated altogether. The best we can do is minimize the threat once it’s been identified. Unfortunately, the only indication a rampage attack is imminent is usually the attack itself.
From all news reports so far, the child murderer in Newtown gunned down people until emergency responders arrived at the scene. At that moment he blew his own addled brains out. That is, despite being better armed than the average cop on the street he had no interest in killing anyone except the weakest and most helpless.
Most of these cowardly spree killings end the same way. The perpetrator is a gutless punk, so as soon as another armed person shows up at the scene they put a bullet through their head. The Aurora shooter was a rare exception, although I believe in his case he’s a psychopath (in the clinical sense) who thinks his previous interactions with mental health professionals will spare him the death chamber.
If anyone has a reasonable argument as to why a person whose plan includes “kill as many innocents as possible” and ends with “put bullet through my brain” would be deterred by any law I’d like to hear it.
There are no easy answers to senseless acts of violence. Unfortunately, politicians specialize in easy answers and compound that by valuing good intentions over results. Their self-interested desire to be seen as doing “something” will trump logic, truth, and reality. As is always the case when something horrible happens we’ll be told the only unacceptable action is to do nothing.
History has shown us that when politicians rush to “do something” in response to murderous acts by demented individuals we get the worst sorts of laws. September 11 spawned the TSA. Sure, we’re not any safer now than we were before but Washington was able to take a little more of our freedom and dignity. Now we gladly accept being disrobed and patted down like criminals for the privilege of flying. We’re constantly under surveillance yet the only way plots for large scale murder are disrupted beforehand is by accident when the potential killer does something stupid or inept.
Tragically, there is no easy answer to this particular problem. It can’t be solved through more spending. It can’t be solved by any sort of prohibition. It can’t be solved by locking up everyone who’s not right in the head. If it could, murders like this wouldn’t happen. That’s what makes this kind of crime so frightening.
We must make sure this never happens again. I feel safer already. The same people who can’t pass a budget – much less a balanced budget – are going to do something. The same people who can’t pass a disaster relief bill until it’s larded up with pork spending will surely present Americans a well-thought-out, rational plan to stop spree murderers.
Irrational people won’t be deterred by laws devised by rational people. It may sound defeatist or fatalistic, but there really is very little we could do to stop this from ever happening again. America is ostensibly a free country, our Constitution is as it’s written, our culture is what it is. We can’t predict when and where the next nutjob will strike any more than we can a lightening bolt. It’s a sorry state of affairs, but no one in Washington or any statehouse can affect these kinds of murders to any meaningful degree. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '61f101f34f7ff42e6b421f84ef96c724facfcb336c362f73cc664a9f421a17b6'} |
George Floyd autopsy report reveals he was coronavirus survivor
George Floyd had tested positive for COVID-19, but was an asymptomatic carrier without lung damage, according to a new report from the Hennepin County Medical Examiner.
The Medical Examiner’s office released a detailed report Wednesday evening that showed Floyd had tested positive for the virus on April 3, but did not exhibit any symptoms and did not have any lung damage. A nasal swab test administered during the autopsy confirmed that he was likely an asymptomatic carrier of the virus.
The report states that on May 25, George Floyd experienced a cardiopulmonary arrest while being restrained by law enforcement officer(s). It also notes other significant conditions such as arteriosclerotic and hypertensive heart disease; fentanyl intoxication; and recent methamphetamine use.
Last week, Chauvin's criminal complaint cited a preliminary report from the Hennepin County Medical Examiner's Office in which it was determined that Floyd likely died from a combination of underlying health conditions, being restrained by police, and any potential intoxicants in his system. There was reportedly no physical evidence that he died of asphyxia of strangulation. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '63', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9655243754386902}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '131312', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PWWBOTBFALTWP2NRDXWMELPGT6EN5ANX', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0239d8e6-e44e-4cf5-9e3c-b2bed6cbc82c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 28, 8, 5, 58), 'WARC-IP-Address': '204.237.142.115', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JBXENG2VMQCNY7RE5UAKPGKXRIJ5IHA4', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:550a9edb-f590-414b-a916-93cb22bdd2ed>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.fox9.com/news/autopsy-george-floyd-was-carrier-of-covid-19-had-no-lung-damage-or-symptoms', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:989c53bf-fd36-4c1d-97ff-0432fb71d274>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '215', 'url': 'https://www.fox9.com/news/autopsy-george-floyd-was-carrier-of-covid-19-had-no-lung-damage-or-symptoms', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-93\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07990187406539917', 'original_id': '7f796040cc48a6974d544a8c17a5dfb55bf6315f9a26280e5d57003ca5c8ba99'} |
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Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences
Intercultural Global Studies
Intercultural Global Studies
Intercultural Global Studies
Make the world your classroom
Students in the intercultural global studies (IGS) minor take an innovative approach to understanding and engaging with diverse cultures within the United States and across the world.
Combining coursework with real-world engagement
By combining interdisciplinary coursework that complements your major with domestic and international engagement experiences, you'll develop essential intercultural skills. You'll also integrate theory and practice to make a positive impact in today's interconnected global society.
As an IGS student, you will:
• Integrate real-world engagement experiences—such as service learning, study abroad, internships and field study—with your coursework.
• Think critically about how cultural practices such as racism, classism, sexism, homophobia, and xenophobia perpetuate power and inequality.
• Explore how to establish more just and equitable societies.
• Understand how local issues are influenced by global culture and global issues by local cultures.
• Work across a wide range of academic disciplines.
• Become more proficient in multiple languages.
Intercultural global studies is the DU minor that makes the world your classroom! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8816205859184265}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '14805', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6FZAIHOLFPFQFGSYSBJONYYCJ2PRWVOG', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ce288bc1-937b-4358-bb04-89969c5203de>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 7, 24, 15, 21, 54), 'WARC-IP-Address': '130.253.2.7', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:3DD5MTWYNS3K54RPZ4NE2O36LECEEWA2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:14f44a74-5fda-4c48-b0ed-11e4a16295ff>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.du.edu/ahss/igs/index.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ed7ff0f5-98a3-4131-aac1-e5b279b16519>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '176', 'url': 'http://www.du.edu/ahss/igs/index.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-131-23.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.020415663719177246', 'original_id': '0aa0fe8c6985a90dc312d23b34e7d9a80d4d211aa965e4bd91a9e2cb29db30a9'} |
Engine Camshaft Lifters
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Camshaft Lifters
Camshaft Lifters
Camshaft lifters are cylindrical shaped metal pieces, which are located on the top of each lobe, on the camshaft. As the camshaft turns within the engine, the lifters convert the energy produced by the camshaft's lobes into a lifting motion that pushes the pushrod which is sitting on the lifter up. As the lifter goes back down while riding on the camshaft lobe, the pushrod will also comes down which will close the valve in the cylinder head. Certain high performance camshaft lifters will boost low-end torque and increase the engine vacuum and fuel economy on almost any style of camshaft. These high end lifters are usually accommodated by a camshaft that has smaller lobes which reduces friction between the two components.
The camshaft lifter is usually just a smooth metal base that runs on the lobe of the camshaft. This type of setup can create a tremendous amount of friction because of the two metals rubbing together. To reduce this friction, a hydraulic lifter can be used. This type of lifter has a ball or roller on the surface that runs on the lobe to reduce friction. The reduction in friction will make the whole process more efficient which will help create more power. Oil is also fed into the lifter from the engine block to further reduce friction and cause less wear to occur.
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Coming Soon | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.932262659072876}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '15534', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:2KPZYJP3GAB5AZ63EEQ5HEJHARJN7AIZ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:986965f2-f76e-4fff-8913-afeeba096dd9>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 8, 21, 10, 22, 38), 'WARC-IP-Address': '74.208.153.93', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:4O7PP7CONTL3NSFDI2G7LGYB243ZORAJ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:eeacc9fe-8ab7-4b92-825b-08883e66c7ca>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://wiki.shopperoutletnetwork.com/index.php/Engine_Camshaft_Lifters', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:868c1e62-b1f3-4453-ba44-423e300276b3>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '257', 'url': 'http://wiki.shopperoutletnetwork.com/index.php/Engine_Camshaft_Lifters', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-166-25-153.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-34\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.033935546875', 'original_id': '9961e9bed984330555a3223db0d3129ee3f90c3114861440f0a8d4b69d6ac6e3'} |
Car loans bad credit
Car loans bad credit
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used car loan rates, get a loan, bad credit loans uk, car loans bad credit, bad credit loan lenders, home loans bad credit, emergency cash loans, money supermarket loans, home loans calculator, consolidating loans | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9571579098701476}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '23449', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:M2RIHPFVCEG3K4N77IOJRBWPHNZFC3F2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:97975d32-a452-44d9-b9d1-87a34c4258fb>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2016, 7, 30, 16, 51, 1), 'WARC-IP-Address': '91.136.8.128', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:HEA7JOIJJFVDLIBM3DFIEZJOC4222X6D', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:4e7086db-04fc-4fb7-bccd-80de2cb68541>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://parkfamilypractice.com/page-63630/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b54a4f73-6684-4f33-9de9-c53fa0b37b15>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '835', 'url': 'http://parkfamilypractice.com/page-63630/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2016-30\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2016\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.021977126598358154', 'original_id': 'e68a06a8b1f43eab881787e7fe2a365c604c8da6c4bbfd40887562954af2383b'} |
Friday, October 04, 2013
TRICK OR TREAT: The Masters Of The Universe Orko Hoodie Makes Fashion Magic
Orko gets a bit of a bum wrap; 'the Jar-Jar Binks of Eternia', 'the cringe factor that lived with Cringer', but me, I dug the little dude. Every time I watch the live-action Masters of The Universe movie (which is a lot), I still think of what would've been if obvious Orko replacement Gwildor was actually the pink shirted magician.
Long story short, seeing this hoodie made me want one. For Halloween and not so Halloween based occasions (weddings, baby showers, etc).
You can take the hat off, and still have big blue ears!! It's truely is the gift that keeps on giving, available exclusively at Now if they could just find a way to hide your legs when you wore it.
What do you think?
1. Oh that just looks silly! I could never imagine myself wearing anything like that...
2. I just woke up Karl, and while I wrote today's post I couldn't help but see the stats on this one. It's got some pretty high viewership numbers from the facebook link for just being a view hours old! Look out for a horde of Orko's this Halloween buddy!
3. I never did understand why they replaced Orko with Gwildor. Orko had a following. Orko had a history. And Orko had the sense to cover up whatever hideous face he had with a scarf and a big hat.
I'd wear this. Of course, I'd also wear a my little pony costume.
4. I'd wear it too Random, and when folks who didn't know asked what the 'o' stood for, I'd say 'Oarsome' - spelling never was my strongest point. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9718925356864928}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '100313', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:24RO4SPZHY3TFVBFLKPFVWY2UDVUD7TK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6c42d49c-14df-48d9-9275-48cf75a833ba>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 19, 2, 37, 44), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.164.147', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:HYOPL24PKKO7ZFMO57FVD325Q6Z3PCWL', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:04ff636f-b4a5-46e7-a78f-e425c9ebd497>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.itsadansworld.net/2013/10/trick-or-treat-masters-of-universe-orko.html?showComment=1380927296408', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:6bee88de-ca6f-432f-b0e2-38b92a98eb2d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '286', 'url': 'http://www.itsadansworld.net/2013/10/trick-or-treat-masters-of-universe-orko.html?showComment=1380927296408', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-109-209-241.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04629594087600708', 'original_id': '6c607467de48831eb014b6be3ca14850750b218c9c4b07808352cc735b105306'} |
Medina, Outagamie County, Wisconsin
Medina, originally Young's Corner, is an unincorporated community in the Town of Dale in southwest Outagamie County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located south of the village of Hortonville, west of Appleton, and northwest of Oshkosh.
Postal service is provided by the Hortonville post office, ZIP code 54944.
History
The first settlers in Medina were Zebediah Hyde, Lewis Hyde, and Alva McCrary, and Samuel Young and sons, who arrived in 1848.
The town was originally named Young's Corner after one of Samuel Young's sons, William Young. The name was changed to Medina prior to 1851.
A post office called Medina was established in 1852, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1966. The community was named after Medina, Ohio.
Geography
Medina is located at (44.2727609, -88.6378863), and the elevation is 820 feet (250 m).
Education
Educational services are provided by the School District of New London
Transportation
Medina is located on Wisconsin Highway 96. Outagamie County Highways M also intersects the community.
Notable people
Henry N. Culbertson, farmer and Wisconsin legislator, was born in Medina.
William H. H. Wroe, merchant and Wisconsin legislator, lived and was Treasurer and Postmaster of Medina.
Images
References
External links
School District of New London
Post Crescent-West Newspaper
USGS GNIS in Google Map
Category:Unincorporated communities in Outagamie County, Wisconsin
Category:Unincorporated communities in Wisconsin | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd441eaa76c4d92d4f0f8d3710eaa135e8c512d07db3cc3507d8774ee0b5b7808'} |
A Possible Solar Storm in 2012?
Not long ago, a report quoting NASA scientists was issued by the National Academy of Science, the highest scientific advisory body to the United States Congress. The report said something that used to be unthinkable: our own sun could have a temper tantrum that would unleash a tsunami of radiation from outer space, potentially wiping out our space satellites, wiping out power lines, and leaving entire continents without power.
This means that your refrigerator and freezer wouldn't have any electricity, leaving food to rot and creating food shortages around the world. Communication systems and power systems worldwide could be wiped out for months at a time. Something this large would cause not just a localized but rather a continent-wide power outage.
An event of this magnitude may seem hard to grasp, but just remember that every eleven years the sun flips with respect to its magnetic field (North becomes South and South becomes North) and releases a burst of radiation directed toward outer space, including Earth, and that this burst could endanger our communication systems. We forget that the space age is very young; we've only had a few of these sunspot cycles to worry about, and for the most part we have dodged the bullet.
Most of the radiation that has been emitted over previous cycles has missed the earth (thank goodness), but in 1859 there was a solar storm which paralyzed our telegraph wires and was the largest geomagnetic storm in recorded history. Back then we only had telegraph, and our telegraph wires were quite sturdy. From the damage done we can calculate how massive the solar storm was, and it was a whopper! In fact, if that solar storm of 1859 were to hit us today it would cause (according to the report) trillions of dollars in property damage and hundreds of billions of dollars in damage for each of the countries that were affected. Food riots would break out, governments could collapse...and there would be no cavalry coming to the rescue because the cavalry would also lose its power and ability to communicate. Transformers could get wiped out, meaning that whole continents would not have electrical power. We’d essentially be back to the way we were in 1859. Gone too would be the satellites controlling most of our luxuries today, including communication, television, radio, and the Internet where you are reading this very blog.
This is the nightmare scenario. So when might this happen? You guessed it: the year 2012, the next peaking of our sun’s solar cycle. The report, however, is careful to say that this may in fact not happen. It's inevitable, however, that at some time or another it will happen again. Think about Katrina: prior to 2005, a lot of people knew that Katrina-type hurricanes could wipe out the levees in New Orleans. It was a well-known fact, but nobody did anything because everyone said "Let the next Administrationlet the next sucker deal with it." Well, unfortunately the next sucker was us, and we had to foot the multi-billion dollar bill of Katrina. Now scientists are saying that a possible Katrina from outer spacepotentially many, many times more disastrouscould hit the earth, and it's inevitable that it will happen.
So why not reinforce our satellitesand our power systemstoday?
Much as with Katrina, it pays to do certain things now because we do face the inevitable. For example, even though satellites currently in outer space cannot be reinforced, the next generation of satellites should be reinforced to withstand the full brunt of the solar winds and solar flares. Also, on Earth, power stations and especially transformers should be insulated and reinforced so as to be able to withstand radiation coming from outer space. This is not rocket science; we know how to do it and the technology is already there—it's just a question of political will. Some people say "Nah...I mean, it might happen in a few decades, but not on my watch." Well, it will happen, and when it does...watch out!
For now, let's hope we dodge another bullet the next time the sun decides to throw a temper tantrum.
Big Think
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Keep reading Show less | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '19', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9666659235954284}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '1049314', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:SZW6MMD3R5UJWCJJ4QWU766M3HPUA6ML', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f6fe755b-1b79-4b39-8b85-4eac054c0b38>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 20, 10, 45, 41), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.193.68', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5BURD4WLTFFAQZE5XM56AGJPT3JBASGD', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:63ecab26-c8d6-4451-b3c4-d32798e7a003>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://bigthink.com/dr-kakus-universe/a-possible-solar-storm-in-2012', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:336f3ff4-ac29-431a-9f32-d4778c37245a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '980', 'url': 'https://bigthink.com/dr-kakus-universe/a-possible-solar-storm-in-2012', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-63-222-147.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.14119184017181396', 'original_id': 'dd984b5e3276d18c61078fd0705e416cc7e3f7a0b97ad25a7d1922a0685c3669'} |
import { UsePipes, ValidationPipe } from '@nestjs/common'
import { Args, ID, Mutation, Query, Resolver } from '@nestjs/graphql'
import { DocumentType } from '@typegoose/typegoose'
import { ForbiddenError } from 'type-graphql'
import { CurrentAccount, CurrentOrg, Publication, UseAuthGuard } from 'core'
import { Account } from 'modules/account/models/Account'
import { P } from 'modules/auth/models'
import { FileStorageService } from 'modules/fileStorage/fileStorage.service'
import { Org } from 'modules/org/models/Org'
import { Nullable, PageOptionsInput } from 'types'
import { AcademicService } from './academic.service'
import {
AcademicSubjectsFilterInput,
AcademicSubjectsPayload,
CreateAcademicSubjectInput,
UpdateAcademicSubjectInput,
} from './academic.type'
import { AcademicSubject } from './models/AcademicSubject'
@Resolver((_of) => AcademicSubject)
export class AcademicSubjectResolver {
constructor(
private readonly academicService: AcademicService,
private readonly fileStorageService: FileStorageService,
) {}
@Mutation((_returns) => AcademicSubject)
@UseAuthGuard(P.Academic_CreateAcademicSubject)
@UsePipes(ValidationPipe)
async createAcademicSubject(
@Args('input') academicSubjectInput: CreateAcademicSubjectInput,
@CurrentAccount() account: Account,
@CurrentOrg() org: Org,
): Promise<AcademicSubject | null> {
const image = await academicSubjectInput.image
const { createReadStream, filename, encoding } = image
// eslint-disable-next-line no-console
console.log('encoding', encoding)
const imageFile = await this.fileStorageService.uploadFromReadStream({
orgId: org.id,
originalFileName: filename,
readStream: createReadStream(),
uploadedByAccountId: account.id,
})
const academicSubject = await this.academicService.createAcademicSubject({
...academicSubjectInput,
orgId: org.id,
createdByAccountId: account.id,
imageFileId: imageFile.id,
})
return academicSubject
}
@Query((_return) => AcademicSubjectsPayload)
@UseAuthGuard(P.Academic_ListAcademicSubjects)
async academicSubjects(
@Args('pageOptions') pageOptions: PageOptionsInput,
@CurrentOrg() org: Org,
@Args('filter') filter: AcademicSubjectsFilterInput,
@CurrentAccount() account: Account,
): Promise<AcademicSubjectsPayload> {
if (org.id !== filter.orgId) {
throw new ForbiddenError()
}
return this.academicService.findAndPaginateAcademicSubjects(
pageOptions,
filter,
account.id,
)
}
@Mutation((_returns) => AcademicSubject)
@UseAuthGuard(P.Academic_SetAcademicSubjectPublication)
@UsePipes(ValidationPipe)
async updateAcademicSubjectPublication(
@Args('id', { type: () => ID }) academicSubjectId: string,
@Args('publication', { type: () => String }) publication: Publication,
): Promise<AcademicSubject> {
return this.academicService.updateAcademicSubjectPublication(
academicSubjectId,
publication,
)
}
@Query((_return) => AcademicSubject)
@UseAuthGuard(P.Academic_ListAcademicSubjects)
async academicSubject(
@Args('id', { type: () => ID }) academicSubjectId: string,
): Promise<Nullable<DocumentType<AcademicSubject>>> {
return this.academicService.findAcademicSubjectById(academicSubjectId)
}
@Mutation((_returns) => AcademicSubject)
@UseAuthGuard(P.Academic_UpdateAcademicSubject)
@UsePipes(ValidationPipe)
async updateAcademicSubject(
@Args('id', { type: () => ID }) academicSubjectId: string,
@Args('updateInput') updateInput: UpdateAcademicSubjectInput,
@CurrentOrg() currentOrg: Org,
): Promise<AcademicSubject> {
return this.academicService.updateAcademicSubject(
{
id: academicSubjectId,
orgId: currentOrg.id,
},
updateInput,
)
}
}
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/withDustin/kmin-athena/blob/master/packages/server/src/modules/academic/academicSubject.resolver.ts', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'MIT', 'date': '2022.0', 'title': 'kmin-athena', 'creator': 'withDustin', 'language': 'TypeScript', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '306', 'token_count': '1134', '__index_level_0__': '43735', 'original_id': 'd9d54496711eadbc66dd40f5dff52f1f06da578e9c536bc0eeac8b202176bace'} |
Thirty-one years ago today (March 3, 1990) was an unforgettable day for four of country music's leading men. It was on that date that Willie Nelson, Kris Kristofferson, Waylon Jennings and Johnny Cash performed at the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, kicking off their first concert tour as the Highwaymen.
Cash, Jennings, Kristofferson and Nelson had recorded their self-titled debut album together five years earlier, in 1985, before they were officially a group. That record spawned the No. 1 single "Highwayman," a cover of the Jimmy Webb classic, which gave the quartet its name. But it wasn't until Highwayman 2 was released that the foursome hit the road together.
This Highwaymen's 1990 tour also included a stop in Austin, Texas, at the Fourth of July Picnic at Zilker Park, where they were joined by Shelby Lynne and Asleep at the Wheel. Two years later, in 1992, the four stars hit the road together again, this time overseas; the Highwaymen launched their European tour in Turku, Finland.
The Highwaymen released one more record, The Road Goes on Forever, in 1995, but it did not have any singles that made the charts. Their freshman record was the only one certified platinum, for sales of one million units.
Cash, Jennings, Kristofferson and Nelson each had their own successful careers to maintain while they were touring as a quartet: In 1990, Nelson released Born for Trouble, Kristofferson debuted Third World Warrior, Jennings put out The Eagle, and Cash released Boom Chicka Boom.
The Highwaymen officially disbanded in 2002, after Jennings' death.
Willie Nelson + More Country Stars Who Have Served in the Military:
WATCH: Unforgettable Johnny Cash Moments | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '3', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9718680381774902}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '160221', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:P5Z6LLUSCQA5RQ5LEZOJHRQBS3F25PZY', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:9d7ad290-76cc-4c29-a46b-f99ccf16c428>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 8, 0, 50, 21), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.229.163.133', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:C2YNZ6REC2U3XI2XKACUVVFTK27XZVYL', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:15fee22e-7008-4ce0-8847-ae123d77b7ec>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://knue.com/highwaymen-concert-tour/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:c03a7d7b-35a8-440d-92e8-813b8198c9e5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '281', 'url': 'https://knue.com/highwaymen-concert-tour/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-10\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February/March 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-215.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03905683755874634', 'original_id': 'ea58089d6e963b4ebc247117cab769a717bbfdfc686e96739584eb89d96ef2f6'} |
by Shane O'Hare Mass Effect 3 and The Story of Privileged Gamers.
Just the other day Bioware and EA announced that they will be offering FREE DLC to owners of Mass Effect 3. This DLC addresses the complaints gamers had with the milquetoast ending. The DLC will include new cinematics for the end that are said to offer more closure and context. What does this decisions mean for gamers and other developers?
CAUTION SPOILERS AHEAD
First off let me just say this. Fuck you (not you, I like your hair), all you privileged spoiled brats. The people that got together and complained to the BBB on Bioware and EA because the story didn’t go the way you wanted. Fuck you guys that ordered $1000 worth of cupcakes and sent them to Bioware, forcing them to pay the COD charge because you felt the choices were “vanilla”. Fuck you guys that voted EA the worst company in America, beating out BofA, a corporation that was a key factor in the US housing crisis. Worst of all fuck you Bioware, get a god damned backbone. This series of events is NOT ACCEPTABLE BEHAVIOR!
How is going to a story creator and demanding they change their work to suit your taste even remotely ok? You don’t go up to George R. R. Martin and demand he put out a new ending chapter to one of his books because you didn’t like how it ended. Go up to the Red Hot Chili Peppers and ORDER them to put out a new ending verse to Californiacation because you didn’t like how it ended.
This thought process is absurd and shocking to me. We live in the time where the ability to talk to some important people is terribly easy. Your favorite drummer on Twitter? Fucking tweet him. The creators of Mass Effect 3 on Twitter? Tweet them. So this pseudo friendship or bond is created, and we (well not me, you) get this sense of entitlement. We think “Hey, Larry really made a bad ending to Mass Effect, lemme give him a call and ask him to change it for me”, AND THAT IS NOT OK.
What happened to the days where if you bought a game and it had a shitty ending you dealt with it? Unless it was a PC game that had proper patch releases or expansion packs, you never saw narrative changes in a game. The only time I could EVER think of anything like this happening before is Turok Rage Wars. Acclaim offered a cartridge exchange for one that was fixed, but that was only because the game had a giant non ending bug in it, not because the ending wasn’t fulfilling.
I find the Mega64 guys offer the best explanation on the actions taken by certain gamers.
People keep forgetting the fact that its a FREAKING VIDEO GAME! The people getting upset are demanding this real world sense of accomplishment, something to show around to people saying “MY CHOICES AFFECT A GAME”. It is completely childish and asinine. The reasoning behind the “protesters” is the ending doesn’t give them their sense of closure. They feel like they didn’t change anything. It. Is. A. Video. Game. I am disgusted to be apart of a community that made these choices, that bullied a videogame company into changing their story. Changing their work of art. So let me say it one last time.
YOU THAT DEMANDED THIS CHANGE. YOU ARE ALL ACTING LIKE BABIES AND IT IS EMBARRASSING WHAT HAS COME OF YOUR ACTIONS. IF YOU KEEP THIS SHIT UP THEN WE WILL HAVE ANOTHER LUCAS AND HIS SPECIAL EDITION TRILOGY.
I am a very upset and angry man, so for now I am going to turn it over to my friend and fellow Geekscapist, Steven Kunz. His take on all this Mass Effect 3 business is far more level headed.
I think this Extended Cut DLC is really a combination of a few things. 1) It is my personal belief (And my personal belief alone at the time of writing this editorial) that Bioware simply did not have time to finish the ending as they truly intended, so this DLC is simply going to fill the gaps that Bioware wanted to initially fill but ran of time to do so. 2) I think that all this is going to amount to, in the end, is additional cutscenes in the final battle against Earth that show more variety with the species that you recruited as well as possibly show more results of the war assets. (Ships destroying more reapers for high EMS, reapers dominating Earth for low EMS) as well as show an epilogue of where the species end up after Mass Effect 3, and how your decisions do impact the epilogue. 3) I feel that this does address at least ONE of the fans’ major concerns with the ending, so Bioware is moving in the right direction, especially since the DLC IS free.
However, Bioware is only addressing ONE major concern with the ending whereas the other major concerns still range from the sudden appearance of the Starchild, why Shepard chooses to simply believe what the Starchild says, why Joker was seemingly running away from the final battle, amid other criticisms about the ending. If Bioware chooses to stick to it’s guns and not update or add to the ending further, and I make this statement as an extremely broad assumption, but I have a strong feeling that this could negatively impact future DLC for the game to the point where it no longer becomes profitable to create DLC to further generate revenue, which could also lead to all potential development of extra Mass Effect 3 content to a complete stop and that also means no guaranteed ending changes.
This is all opinion based on what was said from Bioware and EA, and until the DLC is released, we can only judge from what we have, and what we have regarding the ending isn’t much. Hopefully, at least some of the major concerns are addressed in some manner while new ones aren’t added.
And as for my personal thoughtrs on the ending, the ending didn’t fully register until 2 weeks later, mainly because I thought Garrus and Tali died in the last section of the game. When I replayed the ending after seeing they were not dead, I did see the sudden introduction of the Starchild and the limited endings as major dissapointments, but not dealbreakers to me, as I know that this is NOT the end of the Mass Effect series. I do hope that more changes occur to offer more ending variety, and I do hope that additional DLC will be just as fulfilling as most of the series has been, but overall, I’m not holding my breath for any drastic changes. Lastly, despite the last 10 minutes of the game, I would STILL give this a recommendation to play, as well as a recommendation to get into the series, as Mass Effect is still a great franchise in my opinion. The ending of the Shepard Saga of Mass Effect should not deter any gamers from experiencing the universe, nor should it also invalidate the time and memories players have invested in the series.
That’s my take, what about yours? Any opinions on the DLC ending? | mini_pile | {'original_id': '104ff3de8aa8dc6bb89d558dd6050cd33d427a49fc37019342ca28289d2c6fdc'} |
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Today's realities not fully reflected in news reports of each other, experts say
Just as Japan and China mark the 40th anniversary of the 1972 normalization of diplomatic ties amid ever-deepening economic relations, public sentiments toward each country appear to have fallen to the lowest point in decades. News over the past several weeks have been awash with reports of massive daily protests on Chinese streets and a diplomatic stalemate over the Senkaku Islands dispute.
The mass media in both countries have a major role to play in dispelling the lingering mistrust and perception gap between the two nations and charting out the future course of bilateral relations from a broad perspective, according to journalists and media experts from Japan and China who took part in a recent symposium in Tokyo.
They were speaking at the event organized Aug. 29 under the theme, “40 years of the Japan-China relationship as seen from media reports.” The symposium was jointly organized by the Keizai Koho Center and the Center for East Asia Media Studies at Hokkaido University’s Research Faculty of Media and Communication.
Japan and China are in a “strange” relationship, said Mitsunaga Tabata, a former TBS reporter who covered the negotiations in Beijing for the normalization of ties 40 years ago.
Japan’s trade with China topped $340 billion last year, making the country China’s third-largest trading partner after the European Union and the United States. Given Japan’s gross domestic product (GDP) is only about a third of that of the U.S., this shows how close the economic relationship is between Japan and China, where the number of mutual visitors has hit 5 million each year, said Tabata, also a former Kanagawa University professor.
“Despite such a close relationship, public sentiments in both countries toward each other are extremely bad,” he said.
A joint survey by the Genron NPO in Japan and China Daily in June shows that 84 percent of Japanese polled have bad feelings toward China, whereas the ratio of Chinese who harbor negative feelings toward Japan reached 64.5 percent, Tabata pointed out. Similar surveys conducted by the Foreign Ministry show that since 2003 the number of people with negative feelings toward China have outnumbered those with positive feelings, he said.
Tabata said the root of the bad feelings toward each other, which in turn contribute to mutual distrust, may be found in the way the negotiations were concluded on Sept. 29, 1972 for the Japan-China Joint Statement, which normalized diplomatic relations between Tokyo and Beijing.
The Japanese media at that time, while celebrating the historic event and touting the prospect of friendly ties to come, may have failed to properly report on the seeds of discord that were set aside to make way for the agreement, he said.
The nature of the 1972 statement as a peace accord between former warring parties was watered down as Japanese diplomats tried to maintain consistency with the treaty that Tokyo signed in 1952 with the Republic of China’s government in Taiwan, and top leaders of the People’s Republic of China in Beijing grudgingly agreed to much of the Japanese demands in this respect, Tabata said.
Tabata said the Chinese discontent with Japan’s handling of the war-related issues, as reflected in the 1972 statement, lingered on as a source of distrust that comes to the surface whenever issues such as Yasukuni Shrine or Japan’s history textbooks happen. This, in turn, has fueled a frustration on the part of Japan that China keeps harping back to the issue of wartime aggression despite repeated apologies from Tokyo, he said.
Recurring disputes over war-related and territorial issues, violent demonstrations and open diplomatic fights lead many people to see today’s Japan-China relations as being in an “extraordinary” state, but “in a way, the bilateral relations have become more normal than before,” said Akira Fujino, a professor at Hokkaido University’s Center for East Asia Media Studies.
“Friendly ties” was the buzzword among political and business leaders as well as the mass media when the two countries normalized relations 40 years ago, but it was impossible for Chinese people and the media at that time to openly challenge the government’s decision, said Fujino, who formerly covered China issues as a reporter with the Yomiuri Shimbun.
Now, after more than three decades of economic reforms, China has to a degree become “a normal country” and, under such circumstances, it is only natural that Japan-China relations experience some turbulence, Fujino said. The problem, he added, is that many people fail to come to grips with such changes in bilateral relations.
Fujino noted that in Japan, many people have not yet caught up with the change in the East Asian paradigm that they have for so long taken for granted — in which Japan maintained supremacy over China for more than a century. This, he said, has led them to have a distorted perception of China without looking at the realities of the country.
China, for its part, seems to be finding it hard to see itself from an objective viewpoint amid the nation’s rapid ascent to power, and is unable to come up with a long-term strategy on what to do with the relations with Japan, Fujino said.
What is lacking among today’s political leaders in both Japan and China, he said, is the ability to make bold decisions based on a grand vision for the relations between the two countries. Top leaders who took part in the 1972 talks, including Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai and Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka, had the leadership to set aside minor differences for the sake of common objectives, he said.
And this is also a problem with the mass media, Fujino said, adding that Japanese and Chinese media reports on each other seem to follow the same pattern without coming up with a long-term vision for bilateral relations.
Fujino said that the mass media in both Japan and China today fail to play the role of balancing popular sentiments when it comes to the coverage of news on each other. They tend to report on the basis of a very narrow image and stereotype toward the other country, he pointed out.
For example, it is widely believed in Japan that freedom of speech in China is still tightly controlled by the Communist Party, but in fact liberalization has rapidly progressed today to the extent that the government needs to put a brake by tightening control again, Fujino said. This is where media coverage in Japan, which tends to play up news when controls are tightened, creates a distorted image of what’s happening in China, he added.
On the other hand, the Chinese media, as they faced the brunt of the market economy, have shown populist trends by focusing on news and commentaries that play to the readers or viewers, and air radical views when disputes with Japanese arise, Fujino said.
Fujino said the Japanese media needs to do a lot more to report on the changing and diversifying China today from a variety of perspectives. And the very same problem, he said, exists with the Chinese media.
This is not just a problem for the mass media, Fujino said, noting that greater efforts need to be made in education in both countries to correctly teach about each other. Chinese has become one of the most popular second languages for students at Japanese universities, but programs for teaching the students about China itself are still far from sufficient, he pointed out.
Liu Jie, a professor at Waseda University’s Faculty of Social Sciences, said there is a widening gap in perception in Japan and China toward each other.
Forty years ago, both Chinese and Japanese people considered the last war between the two countries as an important starting point when they thought about building future relations, Liu said.
But Japanese people in the generation born after the 1972 normalization view the past war as a basis for thinking about the ties with China, he said. However, their Chinese counterparts continue to link the past war and the present relationship with Japan, he added.
Today, the Japanese people’s perception of China is heavily influenced by what gets reported about today’s China, Liu said. Therefore, the issues that shape the image of China held by average Japanese are the nation’s military buildup, environmental pollution, corruption by local officials, its pursuit of natural resources, he said.
A typical example, Liu said, is the 2010 collision of a Chinese fishing boat with Japan’s Coast Guard vessel near the Senkaku Islands. That was a fishing boat, but that boat was largely taken in Japan to be a symbol of China’s military power or its diplomatic policy, he observed.
The corresponding generation in China, he said, grew up just as the country went through the modernization process, and one of their major goals in life is the pursuit of wealth. At the same time, they care strongly about their nation’s modern history of being invaded by others, having received history education based on patriotism, Liu noted.
These differences between the younger generations in Japan and China, he said, are apparently behind the perception gap toward each other.
Liu theorized that China’s perception toward Japan has gone through different stages since the People’s Republic of China was established in 1949. Until the 1972 normalization of ties, the Chinese leaders basically tried to separate the “Japanese people” from “Japanese militarism.” Friendly ties became the keyword for some time after the normalization, until the history textbook and Yasukuni disputes emerged in the 1980s, when the leaders again began referring to Japan’s “militarism” on the belief that some people in Japan still refuse to acknowledge that the country had staged a war of aggression against China, he said.
Then during the 5½-year administration of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, a new perception kicked in that Japan as a whole was turning to the right, Liu said. It is against this background that strong anti-Japanese sentiments emerge and protest rallies are held whenever disputes happen with Japan, he added.
What is needed today, Liu said, is for the Chinese people to have an alternative viewpoint so as to correctly understand Japan’s realities.
“You cannot just rely on one viewpoint, but you need an alternative viewpoint — as seen from the other side. China needs to establish an accurate perception of Japan based on full understanding of the postwar economic relations or the cultural or other ties accumulated in the years since the end of the war. This is the challenge we face today,” Liu said.
Li Yuchuan, Tokyo bureau chief for the Beijing Daily, recalled how, when anti-Japanese sentiments flared up during the Koizumi years in the early 2000s, the mass media on both sides characterized the bilateral relations as “politically chilly but economically hot” — meaning that business ties remain strong despite the diplomatic rows over the prime minister’s Yasukuni visits and other issues.
This time, however, Li said he is concerned that the rising anti-Japanese sentiments in China could harm the economic ties as well. A decade ago, China’s GDP was only a fourth of Japan’s, and China needed Japan as its top trading partner and very important export destination, but today Japan’s importance for China’s economic interests has declined as domestic consumption expanded and economic ties with the U.S. and Europe increased, he said.
Furthermore, Japanese companies a decade ago ran their Chinese plants as production bases, but today their Chinese operations are increasingly targeted at the Chinese market — a situation where they could be more vulnerable to turbulence in popular sentiments, Li noted.
Li urged Japanese companies to pay more attention to their own brand management in the Chinese market, where competition with their rivals from around the world “is much more fierce than you imagine” in Japan.
Negative exposure about Japanese firms by the Chinese media, who act under market principles to survive the tough domestic competition, to seize on the strong anti-Japanese sentiments should be considered as a serious risk, he said.
I swear I’m Chinese and I’m reading this but I think Japan already let go of the past and China hasn’t, in order for a better relationship you can’t just keep on bringing up the past and worsen the relationship between two really important countries. I could already see that Japan is trying there best to make China as a friend but not an enemy but that’s exactly what China is doing, making Japan look like some kind of enemy when they really aren’t and Japan just wants things to go back to normal. Just take the US and Japan relationship for example, both already left the past and now they are as close as cuddling babies. I think if China changed there perspective of Japan and left the past, they would also be as close as cuddling babies and I also think it would be a time of joy for the three major economic countries of the world. Thank you for the author who wrote this, I am definitely on your side. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'cfe177ca57d9121a7a576ec22b685fc75aa3293ad272297d9a443888e033570d'} |
Q:
Is possible replace a plist file when my iPhone app is running?
is possible replace a plist file when my iPhone app is running? I'd like to implement backup into my app (into the backup zip I have also the plist file) and I don't understand how can I replace the plist file with its backup.
A:
Put the original plist into App's resources such that it is signed & delivered with your app on install.
Then, detect if it exists in the Documents/ directory and copy it there if not. If you need to replace it, simply copy anew from your App's resources.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '866eafbd22946b2bcd17759471c572a080121bc66dbedcc946af8c436b1bef43'} |
"some music was meant to stay underground..."
Paradise Lost - "Tragic idol" (CD)
Paradise Lost - "Tragic idol" CD cover image
"Tragic idol" track listing:
1. Solitary One (4:08)
2. Crucify (4:08)
3. Fear of Impending Hell (5:25)
4. Honesty in Death (4:08)
5. Theories from Another World (5:02)
6. In This We Dwell (3:55)
7. To the Darkness (5:09)
8. Tragic Idol (4:35)
9. Worth Fighting For (4:12)
10. The Glorious End (5:23)
Reviewed by on April 23, 2012
"There are plenty of layers of sound to work through and no outright bad tracks, but there’s also nothing majorly shocking, thrilling, or unexpected to be heard here."
When a band remains active for over 20 years it earns a certain amount of respect and credibility that can’t be matched by younger acts, no matter how technically proficient or which big trend wave they happen to be riding. “Tragic Idol” is as painstakingly polished and as solidly crafted an album as would be expected from a band that’s been doing this since the late ‘80s. Paradise Lost fans have plenty to look forward to from this album, and it’s got cross-genre appeal due to the range of influences readily heard in the music.
Despite Paradise Lost being more on the “doom” or “goth” end of the metal scale, the overall sound of “Tragic Idol” is very firmly rooted in traditional metal, and there’s even a good deal of thrash influences heard in any given song. The opening segment of the title track in particular has a huge traditional metal feel, almost bringing to mind Metallica before the gothic clean singing comes in. From beginning to end the album is pretty relentlessly heavy, but mostly in a slow and booming way, rather than an explosive or fast way. Vocally, the first two thirds of the album focus on a half-growl, but towards the end of the disc the gothic, Type O Negative style vocals get unleashed.
While plenty heavy, the album also earns the tag “melodic,” although mostly just in the sense that it isn’t brutal and there are plenty of guitar hooks, rather than in the sense of anything with keyboards or orchestra elements. Songs like closing track “The Glorious End” take the low end sounds incredibly deep, almost like something from a funeral doom release, but then also mix in a decent amount of rock for good measure.
Unfortunately there’s really not much energy to the first several tracks, and while that may be the point – this is supposed to be gloomy after all – it makes the early songs fairly forgettable. The frequently slow pacing also doesn’t really help matters. “Tragic Idol” is solid overall, and it’s hard to point out specific flaws in the song construction, but on the flip side there’s also not much that stands out. With the exception of the title track and the more focused and atmospheric “Theories of Another World,” much of the album is essentially interchangeable.
While perfectly listenable and probably an easy hit for Paradise Lost fans, “Tragic Idol” isn’t exactly an instant classic. There are plenty of layers of sound to work through and no outright bad tracks, but there’s also nothing majorly shocking, thrilling, or unexpected to be heard here.
Highs: Polished and solid goth/doom sound rooted in traditional metal with great guitar playing.
Lows: There's not really a standout or knockout track, and there's nothing memorable in the contsant slow pacing.
Bottom line: Paradise Lost brings on another round of gloomy metal with solid guitar work, although it's not quite a smash hit.
Rated 3.5 out of 5 skulls
3.5 out of 5 skulls
Rating Description
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May 17, 2017 Opinions & insights
Phil Hagen
What to Do When Threat Prevention Fails (Hint: It Always Does)
Since the dawn of modern information security in the mid-1990s, the industry has been fixated on how to prevent bad things from happening. Yet even a cursory review of headlines shows we’ve not made much meaningful progress toward this goal since then. The bad guys continue to “get in” and cause damage to victims. However, security professionals realize this does not represent a failing. Rather, we must recognize that full “prevention” is a logical fallacy in an environment with human adversaries and defenders. Prevention is necessarily limited to known threats, and understanding the critical role for procedures and technology that provide detection and response in a comprehensive information security program is integral to the success of those programs.
Many information security leaders, especially those new to the field, are astonished at the number of security threats that soar past antivirus, intrusion prevention systems, and similar technology. While there are numerous reasons for threat prevention not working, the core truth is that attackers have access to the same products as defenders—and engineering their way around those known hurdles becomes a fairly simple task. These threats can evolve far faster than our prevention products—no matter what sales and marketing in the industry would suggest.
Put simply: without a massive revolution in technology, there is no foreseeable way to prevent unknown threats with any meaningful rate of success.
Enhancing Preventive Products With Continuous Incident Response
This doesn’t mean the concept of prevention should be abandoned. We still need reliable prevention solutions to address the known threats, freeing precious and expensive human attention for the evolving threats. Perhaps a good analogy here can be borrowed from the medical world. Your home and office probably have a first aid kit that can deal with basic medical needs. You may have an AED (defibrillator) on hand that would help someone in certain types of cardiac crisis. These are important and necessary components of a comprehensive first aid plan. However, having those items doesn’t negate the importance of a working phone where you can also call emergency services when needed.
By this comparison, it is equally important to balance the expectations for and limitations of prevention technology in the information security space. As soon as we accept that these platforms are not end-all solutions, the need for a detection and response component to the overall information security program becomes crystal clear.
Read more from Red Canary’s CSO: How CISOs Can Navigate the Shift Toward Detection and Response
How Detection and Response Can Address Endpoint Security Gaps
Detection and response comprise the portion of information security programs that deal with threats that slip through the nets laid by typical prevention platforms. Where antivirus quarantines are designed to identify and neutralize known malware, detection looks for software with behaviors that are not quite in line with expected norms. Response is the critical human-run phase that investigates detected anomalies and ultimately makes a safe/unsafe decision and takes appropriate cleanup and corrective actions. A mature information security program will use the response phase to locally generate threat intelligence about the previously missed threat which can be fed back into both prevention and more decisive detection. This lifecycle is the footprint for “Continuous Incident Response.”
Phases of a Continuous Incident Response Program
1. Visibility
Threat Prevention Is Not WorkingThe first stage for an IR program centered on detection and response generally falls into the category of “visibility.” These may include Network Security Monitoring platforms that provide insight to the nature of communications within the environment as well as endpoint sensors that collect and log hundreds of thousands of minute details involved with operations on each endpoint system. Such visibility platforms should effectively collect data from the environment to be observed, with a retention period to the fullest extent of the organization’s policy. This longer-term retention will allow the information security team to use the latest intelligence to analyze historical data as well as doing so inline with collection. (The use of new intelligence with existing data stores is the cornerstone of a Threat Hunting program, which is a topic unto itself.)
Read more about common visibility concerns and assessment criteria
2. Detection
Threat Prevention Is Not WorkingAfter the visibility component is in place, the data must be mined for activity or events that warrant further investigation. This is the detection phase, and is perhaps the largest task in terms of volume of data to analyze. The number of records collected can scale beyond tens of millions per day for even a small network environment.
Because of this scale, the detection phase may be partially or fully automated. There are trade-offs to consider in evaluating this balance. Any degree of automation opens the potential for attackers to trivially evade detection, should the automation method become known. Therefore an ideal detection phase casts a wide net, and identifies far more potential threats than are eventually confirmed as suspicious.
The detection phase is also where threat intelligence is typically applied. Whether internally-developed or externally-sourced, threat intelligence helps to determine what events that have been collected qualify as “anomalous.” Threat intelligence may focus on specific data points such as IP addresses, domain names, or malicious executables. In any case, the threat intelligence must be weighed against data being collected to ensure a proper search can be accomplished.
Another detection method involves using localized baselines of normal activity to identify anomalous patterns. Internally-generated baselines may focus on behavioral heuristics such as typical patterns of activity on an endpoint, windows of active time per day for each user, or highest volume IP addresses or networks. The key to baselines is that the collection phase will determine what baselines are available, and ongoing use requires the same visibility into actions within the environment. These baselines will be invaluable for identifying attacker behaviors, as they will almost certainly stand out from the “normal” activities the baselines characterize.
3. Response
Threat Prevention Is Not WorkingLastly, the response phase involves acting on detected anomalies. This includes confirming the suspicious or malicious nature of the anomaly, and remediating threats that have been deemed malicious. This phase can be seen as subjective because it is heavily influenced by business objectives and local policy. An organization may determine that certain “low-level” threats may simply warrant rebuilding affected systems from a known-good clone. Others may need cursory cleanup and more focused monitoring, while the most severe could trigger a full-fledged investigation.
While there is no industry-standard blueprint for response actions, their need underscores the notion that pure prevention actions are insufficient to address emerging threats. A wily human attacker can change tactics quickly, requiring a similarly wily human responder to give chase and take appropriate action in turn.
During and after the response phase, mature IR teams will examine the data generated during the continuous IR process to determine if any indicators or related threat intelligence would be beneficial in identifying future malicious activity. This feedback loop is critical to shorten the time an attacker can operate with impunity in the victim’s environment. As always, operational intelligence should be reevaluated periodically to ensure it is still relevant to ongoing IR requirements.
Key Takeaways
Implementing a program involving detection and response, in addition to targeted prevention where feasible, will result in a comprehensive information security posture that is best suited to today’s threat landscape. By implementing balanced components of each phase and re-evaluating efficiency and currency on an ongoing basis, security managers can be assured they are not overly relying on the fallacy of prevention for their organization’s security needs.
Looking to augment your detection and response? Learn more about Red Canary Managed Endpoint Detection and Response
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Subscribe to our blog | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.931359887123108}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '112876', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:GG2S7CEPYUBVFQ6MOAC6UN36CPG6AXB7', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:cefd252e-9572-42fe-b120-a81eecee7ac8>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 21, 8, 56, 34), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.198.136.223', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:A3Q7MD7XSDNURZIJAY4YBFBMFBC63MI4', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:5668d26d-12de-4aa4-b8fd-13d78afce599>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://redcanary.com/blog/threat-prevention-always-fails/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:bdcd472f-b839-4a30-8d3c-d31f3c5086cc>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1316', 'url': 'https://redcanary.com/blog/threat-prevention-always-fails/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-61-111.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03049832582473755', 'original_id': 'b9870cfbc272acf3dd513c48b20dd3eb327151219696124bdbed9668ee71b13e'} |
Semiconductor chips or wafers are used in many applications, including as integrated circuits and as flash memory for hand held computing devices, wireless telephones, and digital cameras. A common circuit component of flash memory devices is the transistor. In these devices, a transistor is established by forming a gate stack including a control gate and a floating gate on a silicon substrate, and then forming a source region and a drain region in the substrate beneath the gate stack by implanting ion dopants into the areas of the substrate that are to become the source and drain regions. This generally-described structure cooperates to function as a transistor.
After the gate stacks have been formed, subsequent manufacturing steps are undertaken to complete the semiconductor device. These subsequent steps include, among other things, the formation of additional layers of transistors along with interlayer dielectrics (ILD), followed by metallization and external electrical contact formation. It happens, however, that during these subsequent steps, mobile ions and/or other processed-induced charges can migrate into the sides of the floating gate, which undesirably can alter an electrical characteristic of the device, such as the threshold voltage or current, from its design value. This in turn adversely affects the reliability of the transistor. The present invention recognizes this prior art drawback and provides the below-noted solutions. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'a55f95472c72498a3d5bbc017338fb9314585f0cfbcd83739279ef55efef6a81'} |
Alpha Omega Youth “AlphaKids” classes are meant to be fun for youth of all ages. At a time when physical fitness classes are being cut around the country, we want to provide an alternative to sedentary lifestyles, reducing childhood obesity, and increasing health of children. Start your kids on the path of being physically fit and active throughout their lives by bringing them to one of our classes. Our classes, led by degreed coaches, provide an opportunity to build fitness, create healthy lifestyles, and work together with peers. Our workouts emphasize good movement translating to physical fitness, enhanced sports performance, and fewer sports injuries, all while providing a positive focus and impact on academic achievement. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9229756593704224}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '27148', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:4U5ARCGLBENKMLXIVZWNIM5OBPBRHLLV', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:4e6634d8-1c02-4d29-9b8d-1eca5ea439a5>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 28, 22, 25, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '69.89.9.133', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FIHZCEARXNOYU2ZZVCUHGYFJWDWQ6RDV', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:701eda7d-8be2-4f04-a899-ce1cffa6efa1>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://alphaomegaperformance.com/youth-training/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b423c6a7-6086-4f7b-94bb-6d893870a529>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '120', 'url': 'http://alphaomegaperformance.com/youth-training/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-05\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-48.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03045874834060669', 'original_id': 'eb6cc579e2756a93a503692f483aa655f4da52a7189301fc6ef59273bcc7fa6e'} |
Monday, 19 January 2009
Australian Youth Olympic Festival
The competition concluded yesterday, with some interesting results for Great Britain and Japan, but some disappointments for the host, Australia.
Yesterday's event finals were dominated by China and Great Britain (looking great for 2012!)
1st Liufang Wu -China (15.600)
2nd Sixin Tan -China (14.675)
3rd Danusia Francis Great Britain (14.575)
4th Natsumi Sasada Japan (14.350)
5th Yoshino Taniguchi Japan (13.700)
6th Nicole Hibbert Great Britain (13.250)
7th Emily Little Australia (13.175)
8th Natalia Joura Australia (11.925)
I'm presuming that Cui Jie didn't qualify to this final after her fall in the team competition. A shame as the massive 16.100 she scored in the all around final would have blown the field away here.
1st Jie Cui China (14.825)
2nd Danusia Francis Great Britain (14.025)
3rd Liufang Wu China (13.875)
4th Nicole Hibbert Great Britain (13.750)
5th Natsumi Sasada Japan (13.725)
I'm not sure why there is only 5 competitors listed here, anyone any ideas?
Here's the results from Saturdays finals, in case you haven't seen them yet:
Uneven Bars
1st Natsumi Sasada Japan (14.350)
2nd Jie Cui China (13.925)
3rd Nicole Hibbert Great Britain (13.775)
4th Yoshino Taniguchi Japan (13.675)
5th Liufang Wu China (13.225)
6th Danusia Francis Great Britain (13.150)
7th Emma Collister Australia (12.275)
8th Britt Greeley Australia (12.150)
1st Emily Little Australia (14.700)
2nd Britt GreeleyAustralia (14.450)
3rd Yoshino Taniguchi Japan (14.150)
4th Pangbo Fu China (13.775)
5th Jie Cui China (13.700)
6th Natsumi Sasada Japan (13.700)
7th Nicole Hibbert Great Britain (13.525)
8th Lani HohepaNew Zealand (13.200)
Some great results for GB and Japan here, I'm really hoping they can stay up at top teams for 2012. Some of the British juniors are really impressive!
No comments: | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8635812997817993}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '39992', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:XO44WN7VMEMJFWY3PHEH5FNB2G3L4MEP', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:25dc6698-e6b2-4c14-ba7e-280dc1476f0f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 21, 18, 24, 5), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.8.1', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:66DWAWIODBP7Z3IXXNHPT5X76OCNK4ZZ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d3a4e6f2-6e9b-4587-b0c1-64a6034b5384>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://pastpresentgymnastics.blogspot.com/2009/01/australian-youth-olympic-festival.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:87e44a33-ed8c-47c1-b517-d1ea56cca4e0>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '260', 'url': 'http://pastpresentgymnastics.blogspot.com/2009/01/australian-youth-olympic-festival.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-47\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-187-75-222.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03208363056182861', 'original_id': '6c5447bc1b20d329c140e46575ce7b66ca9eed9349b5f63848ac252ae51c0139'} |
Circle Hoop Ear Jackets - Single
Please note this is a single jacket.
2. Made from recycled precious metals.
3. Measures 13mm in diameter and is 1.2mm thick.
4. Sold as a pair
Ways to wear
Create a sophisticated take on door knocker earrings by pairing them with stud earrings. As seen paired with the Emerald Cut Stud Earrings Solitaire Ear Jackets
The most versatile ear jackets - they're are a blank canvas for layering. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '7', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8431928753852844}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '76537', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ISLN5EJFVGLKXLNOJJWPWBDLWK5SGGH2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:d503c748-231e-4789-8308-da6d4341bab1>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 11, 15, 2, 9, 55), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.227.38.32', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5OTJGUHVXIGQZDHE5UW2ZXKZWO4QVAPE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:26641bba-bab8-443e-8e18-9929b875016a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://jewelsandaces.com/products/circle-hoop-ear-jackets-single', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:9b145f0d-6411-4812-af16-f87a9c7eda4e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '85', 'url': 'https://jewelsandaces.com/products/circle-hoop-ear-jackets-single', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-47\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-91.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.8812263011932373', 'original_id': '1b1b78f1a9da7ec1921913d3b28455ce131edbc3deb0108b93715f0e7fdb7c19'} |
---
author:
- |
Z. Fodor$^{a,b}$, S.D. Katz$^a$[^1]\
$^a$Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, Germany\
$^b$Institute for Theoretical Physics, Eötvös University, Hungary
title: 'Critical point of QCD at finite $T$ and $\mu$, lattice results for physical quark masses'
---
Introduction.
=============
QCD is an asymptotically free theory, thus its high temperature and high density phases are dominated by partons (quarks and gluons) as degrees of freedom rather than hadrons. These phases play an important role in the particle physics of the early universe, of neutron stars and of heavy ion collisions (for a clear theoretical introduction and a review see [@Wilczek:1999ym; @Rajagopal:2000wf]).
Extensive experimental work has been done with heavy ion collisions at GSI, CERN and Brookhaven to study the strong interactions at high temperatures and non-vanishing baryon densities (the latter correspond to non-vanishing baryonic chemical potentials) and to explore the $\mu$-$T$ phase diagram. It is a long-standing open question, whether a critical point (E) exists on the $\mu$-$T$ plane, and particularly how to predict theoretically its location [@Halasz:1998qr; @Berges:1998rc]. At this point E the phase transition is of second order and long wavelength fluctuations appear, which results in characteristic experimental consequences, similar to critical opalescence. Passing close enough to ($\mu_E$,$T_E$) one expects simultaneous appearance of signatures. The observables exhibit non-monotonic dependence on the control parameters [@Stephanov:1998dy], since one can miss the critical point on either of two sides.
The location of this critical point is an unambiguous, non-perturbative prediction of the QCD Lagrangian. Unfortunately, until recently no [*ab initio*]{}, lattice analysis based on QCD was done to locate the endpoint. Models with infinitely large strange quark mass ($m_s$=$\infty$) were used (e.g. [@Halasz:1998qr]), suggesting that $\mu_E \approx$ 700 MeV. The result is sensitive to the strange quark mass ($\mu_E$ should be smaller for smaller $m_s$). For realistic cases these techniques can not predict the value of $\mu_E$ even to within a factor of 2-3.
Lattice QCD at non-vanishing baryon density should, in principle, give an unambiguous answer. Though QCD at finite $\mu$ can be formulated on the lattice [@Hasenfratz:1983ba], standard Monte-Carlo techniques can not be used at $\mu \neq 0$. The reason is that for non-vanishing real $\mu$ the functional measure –thus, the determinant of the Euclidean Dirac operator– is complex. This fact spoils any Monte-Carlo technique based on importance sampling. Several suggestions were studied earlier to solve the problem. Unfortunately, none of them was able to give the phase line or locate ($\mu_E$,$T_E$). About two years ago new techniques appeared, with which moderate chemical potentials could be reached on the lattice.
In two recent papers we proposed a new method [@Fodor:2001au; @Fodor:2001pe] to study lattice QCD at finite $T$ and $\mu$. The idea was to produce an ensemble of QCD configurations at $\mu$=0 and at the corresponding transition temperature $T_c$ (or at any other physically motivated point for which importance sampling works). Then we determined the Boltzmann weights [@Ferrenberg:1988yz] of these configurations at $\mu\neq 0$ and at $T$ lowered to the transition temperatures at this non-vanishing $\mu$. An ensemble of configurations at a transition point was reweighted to an ensemble of configurations at another transition point. With this technique a much better overlap was observed than by reweighting pure hadronic ensemble to a transition one [@Barbour:1998ej]. We illustrated the applicability of the method in $n_f$=4 dynamical QCD [@Fodor:2001au] and in $n_f$=2+1 dynamical QCD [@Fodor:2001pe]. The phase line with the critical end-point [@Fodor:2001pe] and the equation of state [@Fodor:2002km; @Csikor:2004ik] were determined.
A less CPU demanding, truncated version of the overlap-improving multi-parameter reweighting was also applied using an improved lattice action. The approach can be summarized as follows. Instead of evaluating the Boltzmann weights exactly one can expand it in the chemical potential and use the first terms of the expansion. This modified technique was also able to give the phase diagram [@Allton:2002zi] and the equation of state [@Allton:2003vx] (estimates based on derivative extrapolation for the chiral endpoint was also reported in conference proceedings [@Karsch:2003va; @Ejiri:2003dc]). The success of the overlap-improving multi-parameter reweighting was analyzed in Ref. [@Ejiri:2004yw].
A completely independent method is based on the the fact that at imaginary chemical potential importance sampling works. The result on the phase digram can be analytically continued to real chemical potentials. This technique gave the phase line both in $n_f$=2 [@deForcrand:2002ci] and in $n_f$=4 [@D'Elia:2002gd], which are consistent with the results of the overlap-improving multi-parameter reweighting method [@Fodor:2001au; @Fodor:2001pe; @Allton:2002zi]. Analytic continuation was also used to estimate the location of the critical endpoint [@deForcrand:2003hx] for $n_f$=3.
Recently several other new techniques were suggested (see e.g. [@Hong:2003zq; @Liu:2003wy; @Ambjorn:2002pz]), which will be most probably tested in the near future. The recent developments of lattice QCD at non-vanishing chemical potentials are reviewed by Refs. [@Kogut:2002kk].
In this paper we use our original suggestion [@Fodor:2001au; @Fodor:2001pe] and evaluate the reweighting Boltzmann factors exactly. We determine the volume (V) dependence of the zeros of the partition function on the complex gauge coupling ($\beta$) plane. Based on this volume dependence we determine the type of the transition as a function of $\mu$. The endpoint $\mu_E$ is given by the value at which the crossover disappears and finite volume scaling predicts a first order phase transition. These finite $T$ calculations are done on $L_t=4$ lattices. In order to set the physical scale we determine the pion, kaon and rho masses ($m_\pi,m_K,m_\rho$), and the Sommer [@Sommer:1994ce] scale ($R_0$) at $T$=0. Our quark masses are realistic, the strange quark mass and the light quark masses are set about to their physical values. Having determined the lattice spacing we transform our result to physical units and give $T_c$, the location of ($\mu_E$,$T_E$) and show the phase diagram separating the hadronic phase and the QGP.
The present work is a significant improvement on our previous analysis by two means. We increased the physical volume by a factor of three and decreased the light quark masses by a factor of three, down to their physical values. Due to these improvements the computational effort of the present work was 140 times larger than that of the previous analysis [@Fodor:2001pe]. As expected, decreasing the light quark masses resulted in a smaller $\mu_E$. Increasing the volumes did not influence the results, which indicates the reliability of the finite volume analysis. In order to give the final answer to ($\mu_E$,$T_E$) the most important step remained is the continuum extrapolation. Note, however, that for the present physical problem decreasing the lattice spacing by a factor of 2 increases the CPU costs by approximately three orders of magnitude.
The remaining part of the paper is organized as follows. In Section 2 we summarize the overlap-improving multi-parameter reweighting technique and the method of the Lee-Yang zeros, which can be used to separate the crossover and first order transition regions. Section 3 contains the details of the T$\neq$0 and T=0 simulations. Those who are not interested in the lattice details could directly move to Section 4, in which we present our results and conclude.
Overlap-improving multi-parameter reweighting at $\mu\neq 0$.
=============================================================
The partition function of lattice QCD with $n_f$ degenerate staggered quarks (for an introduction see e.g. [@Montvay:cy]) is given by the functional integral of the bosonic action $S_{b}$ at gauge coupling $\beta$ over the link variables $U$, weighted by the determinant of the quark matrix $M$, which can be rewritten [@Fodor:2001au] as $$\begin{aligned}
\label{reweight}
&&Z(\beta,m,\mu)=
\int{\cal D}U \exp[-S_{b}(\beta,U)][\det M(m,\mu,U)]^{n_f/4}
\nonumber\\
&&=\int {\cal D}U \exp[-S_{b}(\beta_w,U)][\det M(m_w,\mu_w,U)]^{n_f/4}
\\
&&\left\{\exp[-S_{b}(\beta,U)+S_{b}(\beta_w,U)]
\left[{\det M(m,\mu,U) \over \det M(m_w,\mu_w,U)}\right]^{n_f/4}\right\},
\nonumber\end{aligned}$$ where $m$ is the quark mass, $\mu$ is the quark chemical potential and $n_f$ is the number of flavours. For non-degenerate masses one uses simply the product of several quark matrix determinants on the $1/4$-th power. Standard importance sampling works and can be used to collect an ensemble of configurations at $m_w$, $\beta_w$ and $\mu_w$ (with e.g. Re($\mu_w$)=0 or non-vanishing isospin chemical potential). It means we treat the terms in the curly bracket as an observable –which is measured on each independent configuration– and the rest as the measure. By simultaneously changing several parameters e.g. $\beta$ and $\mu$ one can ensure that even the mismatched measure at $\beta_w$ and $\mu_w$ samples the regions where the original integrand with $\beta$ and $\mu$ is large. In practice the determinant is evaluated at some $\mu$ and a Ferrenberg-Swendsen reweighting [@Ferrenberg:1988yz] is performed for the gauge coupling $\beta$. The fractional power in eq. (\[reweight\]) can be taken by using the fact that at $\mu=\mu_w$ the ratio of the determinants is 1 and the ratio is a continuous function of the chemical potential. The details of the determinant calculation can be found in Ref. [@Fodor:2001pe].
In the following we keep $\mu$ real and look for the zeros of the partition function on the complex $\beta$ plane. These are the Lee-Yang zeros [@Yang:be]. Their V$\rightarrow \infty$ behavior tells the difference between a crossover and a first order phase transition. At a first order phase transition the free energy $\propto \log Z(\beta)$ is non-analytic. Clearly, a phase transition can appear only in the V$\rightarrow \infty$ limit, but not in a finite $V$. Nevertheless, the partition function has Lee-Yang zeros at finite V. These are at “unphysical” complex values of the parameters, in our case at complex $\beta$-s. For a system with a first order phase transition these zeros approach the real axis in the V$\rightarrow \infty$ limit (the detailed analysis suggests a $1/V$ scaling). This V$\rightarrow \infty$ limit generates the non-analyticity of the free energy. For a system with crossover the free energy is analytic, thus the zeros do not approach the real axis in the V$\rightarrow \infty$ limit.
$T \neq 0$ and $T=0$ simulations for $n_f$=2+1.
===============================================
Using the formulation described above we study 2+1 flavour QCD at $T\neq 0$ on $L_t=4,\ L_s=6,8,10,12$ lattices with $m_{u,d}=0.0092$ and $m_s=0.25$ as bare quark masses. Note, that these mass parameters approximately correspond to their physical values. At $T=0$ we use $12^3\cdot 24$ lattices. Three different couplings ($\beta$=5.090, 5.160, 5.190) are studied in order to determine the non-perturbative $\beta$-function. Chiral extrapolation in the light quark masses at $T$=0 are done by using three different mass parameters ($m_{u,d}$=0.02, 0.04, 0.06). For each parameter set 3000 configurations were generated. For generating the field configurations the R algorithm is applied. The microcanonical stepsize is always set to half of the light quark mass. We use a modified version [@Fodor:2002zi] of the MILC collaboration’s code [@milc].
At $T\neq 0$ we determined the complex valued Lee-Yang zeros, $\beta_0$, for different V-s as a function of $\mu$. Their V$\rightarrow \infty$ limit was calculated by a $\beta_0(V)=\beta_0^\infty+\zeta/V$ extrapolation. The results (listed in Table \[zeros\]) are obtained by generating 100,000; 100,000; 100,000 and 150,000 configurations on our $L_s$=6,8,10 and $12$ lattices, respectively. The determinant calculation was carried out after every 50 trajectories. Thus our results are based on a few thousand independent configurations.
Figure \[infV\] shows Im($\beta_0^\infty$) as a function of $\mu$ enlarged around the endpoint $\mu_{end}$. The picture is simple and reflects the physical expectations. For small $\mu$-s the extrapolated Im($\beta_0^\infty$) is inconsistent with a vanishing value, and the prediction is a crossover. Increasing $\mu$ the value of Im($\beta_0^\infty$) decreases, thus the transition becomes consistent with a first order phase transition. The statistical error was determined by a jackknife analysis using subsamples of the total $L_s$=6,8,10 and 12 partition functions. Our primary result in lattice units is $\mu_{end}=0.1825(75)$.
Table \[zeros\] contains also the $T=0$ results. To set the physical scale we used an average obtained from $R_0$ (0.5 fm) and $m_\rho$ (770 MeV). Note, that these two quantities give somewhat different scales (the difference is fairly small, approximately 10-15%). This difference is expected to dissappear when one approaches the continuum limit with physical quark masses.[^2]
Setting the scale leads to the final results of the analysis. As we already discussed, the quark masses, used to determine the endpoint, correspond approximately to their physical values. The pion to rho mass ratio, extrapolated to our $T\neq 0$ parameters, is 0.188(2) (its physical value is 0.179), whereas the pion to K mass ratio in the same limit is 0.267(1) (its physical value is 0.277).
Along the transition line $\beta$ decreases, thus the lattice spacing increases. During the reweighting procedure we did not change the lattice quark masses, thus the quark masses changed in physical units. As a consequence, the transition line slightly deviates from the line of constant physics. We corrected for this effect by using our previous results at larger $m_{ud}$ [@Fodor:2001pe] and by following the observation that transition lines for slightly different quark masses are practically parallel (see [@Fodor:2002km; @Csikor:2004ik]).
Let us estimate the applicability of the method approaching the continuum limit. In the present analysis with physical quark masses the evaluation of the eigenvalues was somewhat less costly than the production of the configurations. Extending the analysis to even larger volumes, approximately upto 4$\cdot 16^3$, the eigenvalue determination remains subdominant. Using these larger volumes reduces the error on $\mu_{end}$ to a level, which is not even needed (uncertainties due to finite lattice spacing are more important). For finer lattices the eigenvalue evaluation goes with $L_s^9$ and the configuration production goes at least with $L_s^9$. According to numerical estimates [@Fodor:2002km; @Csikor:2004ik; @Ejiri:2004yw] the applicability range of the overlap-improving multi-parameter reweighting technique, along the transition line, scales with $\mu \propto V^\gamma$ with $\gamma\approx 1/3$. (Note, that the systematic study of the lattice spacing dependence of $\gamma$ has not been performed yet.) In the scaling region the chemical potential of the endpoint is constant in physical units. It scales with $V^{0.25}$ in lattice units for fixed physical volumes. Taking into account the marginal difference between $\gamma \approx 1/3$ and 0.25, one concludes that the determinant evaluation remains subdominant and even with the present technique one might successfully approach smaller lattice spacings.
Results and conclusions.
========================
Figure \[physical\] shows the phase diagram in physical units, thus $T$ as a function of $\mu_B$, the baryonic chemical potential (which is three times larger then the quark chemical potential).
The transition temperature at vanishing baryonic chemical potential is $T_c$=164$\pm$2 MeV. Note, that this value is somewhat smaller than our previous result ($T_c$=172$\pm$3 MeV of Ref. [@Fodor:2001pe]). This is a known phenomenon: smaller quark mass results in smaller transition temperature (see e.g. [@Karsch:2000ps]).
The curvature of the crossover line separating the QGP and the hadronic phases is given by $T/T_c=1-C\mu_B^2/T_c^2$ with C=0.0032(1). This value is somewhat smaller than our previous curvature [@Fodor:2001pe] or other values in the literature [@Allton:2002zi; @Karsch:2003va; @Allton:2003vx; @deForcrand:2002ci]. Note, that compared to other analyses, we took into account an additional effect which reduced the value of $C$. The small change of the mass parameter on the line of constant physics (caused by the change of the lattice spacing) slightly decreases the curvature.
The endpoint is at $T_E= 162\pm 2$ MeV, $\mu_E=360 \pm 40$ MeV. As expected, $\mu_E$ decreased as we decreased the light quark masses down to their physical values (at approximately three-times larger $m_{u,d}$ the critical point was at $\mu_E$=720 MeV; see [@Fodor:2001pe]).
The above result is a significant improvement on our previous analysis [@Fodor:2001pe] by two means. We increased the physical volume by a factor of three and decreased the light quark masses by a factor of three. Increasing the volumes did not influence the results, which indicates the reliability of the finite volume analysis. Clearly, more work is needed to get the final values. Most importantly one has to extrapolate to the continuum limit.
This work was partially supported by Hungarian Science Foundation grants No. OTKA-37615/34980/29803/M37071/OMFB1548/OMMU-708. This work was in part based on the MILC collaboration’s lattice QCD code [@milc].
[99]{}
F. Wilczek, arXiv:hep-ph/0003183. K. Rajagopal and F. Wilczek, arXiv:hep-ph/0011333. M. A. Halasz, A. D. Jackson, R. E. Shrock, M. A. Stephanov and J. J. M. Verbaarschot, Phys. Rev. D [**58**]{} (1998) 096007 \[arXiv:hep-ph/9804290\]. J. Berges and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B [**538**]{} (1999) 215 \[arXiv:hep-ph/9804233\]. M. A. Stephanov, K. Rajagopal and E. V. Shuryak, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**81**]{} (1998) 4816 \[arXiv:hep-ph/9806219\]; M. A. Stephanov, K. Rajagopal and E. V. Shuryak, Phys. Rev. D [**60**]{} (1999) 114028 \[arXiv:hep-ph/9903292\].
P. Hasenfratz and F. Karsch, Phys. Lett. B [**125**]{} (1983) 308; J. B. Kogut, H. Matsuoka, M. Stone, H. W. Wyld, S. H. Shenker, J. Shigemitsu and D. K. Sinclair, Nucl. Phys. B [**225**]{} (1983) 93. Z. Fodor and S. D. Katz, Phys. Lett. B [**534**]{} (2002) 87, \[arXiv:hep-lat/0104001\]. Z. Fodor and S. D. Katz, JHEP [**0203**]{} (2002) 014 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0106002\]. A. M. Ferrenberg and R. H. Swendsen, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**61**]{} (1988) 2635; A. M. Ferrenberg and R. H. Swendsen, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**63**]{} (1989) 1195. I. M. Barbour, S. E. Morrison, E. G. Klepfish, J. B. Kogut and M. P. Lombardo, Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl. [**60A**]{} (1998) 220 \[arXiv:hep-lat/9705042\]. Z. Fodor, S. D. Katz and K. K. Szabo, Phys. Lett. B [**568**]{} (2003) 73 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0208078\]. F. Csikor, G. I. Egri, Z. Fodor, S. D. Katz, K. K. Szabo and A. I. Toth, arXiv:hep-lat/0401016. C. R. Allton [*et al.*]{}, Phys. Rev. D [**66**]{} (2002) 074507 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0204010\]. C. R. Allton, S. Ejiri, S. J. Hands, O. Kaczmarek, F. Karsch, E. Laermann and C. Schmidt, Phys. Rev. D [**68**]{} (2003) 014507 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0305007\]. F. Karsch, C. R. Allton, S. Ejiri, S. J. Hands, O. Kaczmarek, E. Laermann and C. Schmidt, arXiv:hep-lat/0309116. S. Ejiri, C. R. Allton, S. J. Hands, O. Kaczmarek, F. Karsch, E. Laermann and C. Schmidt, arXiv:hep-lat/0312006. S. Ejiri, arXiv:hep-lat/0401012. P. de Forcrand and O. Philipsen, Nucl. Phys. B [**642**]{} (2002) 290 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0205016\]. M. D’Elia and M. P. Lombardo, Phys. Rev. D [**67**]{} (2003) 014505 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0209146\]. P. de Forcrand and O. Philipsen, Nucl. Phys. B [**673**]{} (2003) 170 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0307020\]. D. K. Hong and S. D. H. Hsu, Phys. Rev. D [**68**]{} (2003) 034011 \[arXiv:hep-ph/0304156\]. K. F. Liu, arXiv:hep-lat/0312027. J. Ambjorn, K. N. Anagnostopoulos, J. Nishimura and J. J. M. Verbaarschot, JHEP [**0210**]{} (2002) 062 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0208025\]. J. B. Kogut, Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl. [**119**]{} (2003) 210 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0208077\]; Z. Fodor, Nucl. Phys. A [**715**]{} (2003) 319 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0209101\]; S. D. Katz, arXiv:hep-lat/0310051; E. Laermann and O. Philipsen, arXiv:hep-ph/0303042; S. Muroya, A. Nakamura, C. Nonaka and T. Takaishi, Prog. Theor. Phys. [**110**]{}, (2003) 615 \[arXiv:hep-lat/0306031\];
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[^1]: On leave from Institute for Theoretical Physics, Eötvös University, Hungary
[^2]: Note, that this difference is smaller than the difference in our previous analysis [@Fodor:2001pe]. This improvement is due to the choice of the physical light quark masses.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'f24f1aa5b4ac1e1054b0d3f08691ea17c0a3e56e04018c2ca4d6ec4e4bac97a3'} |
The two disrupters in this election share one thing in common.
NDP leader Jagmeet Singh and Bloc Quebecois leader Yves-Francois Blanchet are injecting force of personality into a campaign dominated by frontrunners sleepwalking through their scripts.
Barely six months ago, Singh's leadership was doomed with his party in a polling freefall into the political wilderness.
Just 10 months ago, the BQ was a leaderless funeral wagon limping out of Ottawa toward oblivion.
Now the energized NDP is threatening to block Liberal ambitions to reclaim their majority over a smoldering orange ruin and the resurrected Bloc under Blanchet is eating into both major party hopes for government-forming gains in Quebec.
It's not hard to explain why.
There's a hunger in the electorate for leaders with a human pulse beyond the political babble; a craving for someone who appears genuine and passionate and able to connect beyond the photo-ops and TelePrompter-assisted announcements.
Singh and Blanchet delivered it in style this week.
Singh ran away with the first debate and did a strong re-run Thursday night. His lines were undoubtedly as rehearsed as anyone else, but delivered with sincere-sounding enthusiasm and pitch-perfect timing as to be memorable in a night most viewers would rather forget.
Blanchet projected a serious demeanor fleshed out with a flair for biting comments and dry wit. I mean who else could compare the never-ending promise of high speed rail to a Sasquatch, that being something often talked about but never seen?
Justin Trudeau and Andrew Scheer, by unfavorable contrast, project the weary aura of reciting a checklist of stale-scripted lines in a hurry, lest time run out before their best quips could be deployed.
The uncharacteristically angry Scheer comes across as someone concentrating too hard on appearing assertively furrow-browed and devoid of dimples, believing people are searching for gravitas in his face.
Meanwhile, there's little sign of the high-octane 2015 Trudeau. The Liberal leader's daily tub-thumping recital goes something like this: Blah, blah, blah, Doug Ford bad, blah, blah, Conservative climate change deniers, blah, blah, Stephen Harper rerun, blah, blah, blah.
So lacklustre leaders beware. The disrupters are coming on strong and they have the power to reshape the next Parliament in their own image.
If the Liberals and Conservatives don't shake loose their campaign robotics, a twin-barreled shot of personality from the sidelines will blow up all their focus grouped platforms and carefully-crafted teleprompter tirades leaving them hostage to a minority mandate.
That's the Last Word. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9450097680091858}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '103651', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:DH7ZTNNIHBEOJTDKAT5MXAJYMMO2VRUE', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:b6f6fb3a-0b94-4877-af0f-0afe6b147565>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 4, 4, 3, 31, 26), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.94.115.174', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FGHFRFAHF6XSHXWP3RKHXYXA2KMLR2BE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:89603c7a-0e7b-46f3-99bd-b8d446d7cefc>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://election.ctvnews.ca/don-martin-the-disrupters-in-this-election-could-doom-the-front-runners-majority-dreams-1.4635009?cache=yes%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D89926%3FclipId%3D104062%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D375756%3FclipId%3D89619%3FclipId%3D89619%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D89619%3FclipId%3D89926%3FclipId%3D89926%3FclipId%3D104056%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3Fot%3DAjaxLayout%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D89750', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:29d021d9-c49c-4bfb-854d-ac59d28061dc>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '409', 'url': 'https://election.ctvnews.ca/don-martin-the-disrupters-in-this-election-could-doom-the-front-runners-majority-dreams-1.4635009?cache=yes%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D89926%3FclipId%3D104062%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D375756%3FclipId%3D89619%3FclipId%3D89619%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D89619%3FclipId%3D89926%3FclipId%3D89926%3FclipId%3D104056%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3Fot%3DAjaxLayout%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FautoPlay%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D89750', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-16\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March/April 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-86.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.13067412376403809', 'original_id': 'b7d30d254ab00fe905daff4a2b7c54b15bd4ad62776ad325970f79233b07bab9'} |
Anecdotes of a Hotel Night Auditor
Menu
Drunk People Are Assholes, But The Bagels Are Pretty Good
If you are going to be an asshole, at least be an asshole for a good reason. I just got off the phone with a guest who had a shuttle scheduled to pick her up from the airport at midnight. Her flight was delayed, and the shuttle driver was sitting in the lobby waiting for her to call when she landed. All I know for sure is, I didn’t schedule the shuttle for this guest, if I did, I would have mentioned that she had to call when she landed. The phone call I had to deal with was irritating. The woman on the phone had a nasty, entitled, angry, ghetto, gone off the deep end, ready to wreck you, I don’t give a rats ass, attitude.
I answered the phone in my usual professional manner. Nothing but rage was on the other end.
“I was supposed to have a shuttle picking me up as soon as my plane landed! Am I supposed to take a cab now?!”
Feel free to use your imagination, and make her sound like the most unreasonably outraged person you have ever spoken to.
“OK, you are at the airport now? I will have the shuttle…” She cut me off.
“Why is it not here yet? Can you explain this to me? What reason is there for you to make me worry like this?”
“Ma’am, I assure you there is no need to worry. The shuttle driver is…” She cut me off again.
“Why the hell is it not here?”
“We were waiting for your call. When your flight lands, you are supposed to call the hotel to let us know that you landed. The driver is on his way…” Yup, she cut me off again.
“I was told when I made the reservation, that all I had to do was give you my flight information, and you would track it!”
Since some of our other desk attendants sometimes rush through scheduling these shuttles, and they always go over the top when being agreeable with guests, it is very likely that one of the two desk attendants, who by the way, also works for the Fairgrounds hotel, my former employer, failed to mention the need for them to call when they landed, because they want the guest to have the impression that we will be giving them full service that goes above and beyond the guests expectations, and one of them probably did promise that we would track the flights, leaving the guest with no worries about when they will be picked up. Unfortunately, no matter how much these other employees want to be as agreeable as possible, that is not how we do things here, and all they did was create a hassle for me to deal with. In this case, an angry drunk who’s response to everything I say is to interrupt me, while scolding me for her own stupid confusion.
“Ma’am, I promise, your shuttle is on it’s…”
“Listen! I was told you were tracking my flight! Now what do I do?”
“I am sending the driver…” She wasn’t even listening to me. She just continued her rant.
“Huh? You tell me what happens next. Do I get my shuttle, or will I be forced to call a cab?”
I had enough of her attitude. I actually raised my voice.
“If you will just stop interrupting me, I will explain it all to you.”
“Explain it to me? Explain what? That you can’t do what you say…” I cut her off.
“Let me ask you this, do you want my help?” There was a brief moment of silence.
“I need a ride. Dammit!”
“Well then you are in luck because my driver left to pick you up as soon as I answered your call. He will be there any moment. Please go to the hub that says, shuttle pick up/drop off. He will be there any minute now.”
“Where the hell is that?”
“It’s is right outside the airport. All you have to do is walk outside, and look for the sign.”
Well, I’m walking out the door right now, and I don’t see it. Where is it?”
“I am sure if you step outside, and you look up, you will see the sign. If you can’t see it, I am willing to bet there are plenty of security people around to point you in the right direction. I look forward to seeing you in about 10 minutes. Have a safe, and pleasant ride.”
“But I am still looking for the spot.”
I hung up the phone. It is not my job to talk drunk people through every step it takes to look for a sign.
The driver dropped her off, and carried her luggage to the desk while she stumbled her way out of the van.
“This lady is drunk. She just got off a plane from Vegas, and she is shit faced.”
The woman entered the hotel with a huge grin on her face.
“You are the guy I just talked to on the phone, aren’t you? I can tell. It’s a thing I do. I can tell people’s voices.”
“I am sure you can, but I am also the only employee here at night, so…. Are you ready to check in?”
I had her reservation open with her paperwork ready to go. She was being nice all of a sudden.
“I have been staying at this hotel since it was built.”
She stared at me with a grin, giving me the feeling I was expected to find that interesting, and maybe congratulate her?
“Sweet! Well I already have you checked in, so just fill out the paper, and I will have you out-of-the-way in no time.” I said with a big smile on my face, wondering if she caught how rude what I just said was.
I pointed at all of the highlighted spots on the paperwork, then I shoved the key in front of her, and walked into the office. I also made myself a bagel with cream cheese, and poured myself a cup of coffee. The coffee sucks, but the bagel is pretty good. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'b5e9496956b2555ae6c5cc3d374d7ffe4b293545ba0e3cca589d4e92941df97e'} |
Industrial & Municipal Wastewater Solutions
Wastewater Treatment
People have thought of waste water as “dirty” water that needs to be cleaned before it is released to the environment. Modern waste water plants are designed and operated around this principal of removing ammonia, nitrogen, phosphates, and other chemicals from the water, killing the pathogens, and then releasing this “treated” water back into the environment.
Our solution
Apex has developed a solution that utilizes a patented process of resource recovery in municipal waste water. We combine membrane filtration technology with energy efficient methods of creating Class A fertilizers. This solution will transform the way that people think of waste water.
How it works
We can simply remove the water molecules from the incoming waste water, creating a pure water stream to be reused or recycled, concentrating all of the chemicals and pathogens to be treated more effectively. Ironically, these “impurities” that a modern waste water treatment plant tries to remove and treat, are actually valuable fertilizers and soil enrichments that people pay for. Our system accepts raw sewage and creates two streams of product, a clean water stream that is purer than the current municipal drinking sources, and a Class A bio-solid that can be marketed and sold. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9427695870399476}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '60079', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ZEQA6NWBSY246A5U4LKQXC5CLVH3BKBJ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:44d7aceb-2c9f-4387-ae3f-1a5b43abc918>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 20, 5, 34, 39), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.49.23.144', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:7ERQ3RCW7H6IQWK752LYTP2XXYZOVDVJ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b3a14836-33b7-46cb-b89b-56bd672ceb9f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://apex-co.us/municipalities-waste-water', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b095b91e-a2e5-42d1-84f5-06d0c2056a57>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '202', 'url': 'https://apex-co.us/municipalities-waste-water', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-226-231.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.3171108365058899', 'original_id': '30bfd0e0df5e60cb99771ade78798141be9cacf822b148f0c9fb8fb6a78791e6'} |
Introduction
============
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning or itching sensation in the normal oral mucosa. The pain is persistent, ranges from moderate to severe, and occurs particularly often in postmenopausal women. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines BMS, which is also called stomatodynia, glossodynia, oral dysesthesia, and persistent idiopathic orofacial pain, as "any form of burning or stinging sensation in the mouth in association with a normal mucosa in the absence of local or systemic disease".[@b1-ndt-12-1229]
In the literature, antidepressants and benzodiazepines have shown beneficial effects in the treatment of patients with BMS.[@b2-ndt-12-1229],[@b3-ndt-12-1229] However, there has been no report on treatment with a dopamine partial agonist for BMS. Herein, we report a case of treatment-resistant BMS successfully treated with low-dose aripiprazole. The Institutional Review Board of Tokyo Medical and Dental University approved this work. The patient provided written informed consent.
Case presentation
=================
A 66-year-old female with no systemic disease or trauma history visited our clinic after being referred by her family physician. She complained of a chronic burning sensation in her tongue without taste alteration and dry mouth, which had lasted for 13 months.
The onset of the burning sensation was spontaneous. At first, she went to her family physician and was evaluated by laboratory screening tests. Hematological assessments of nutritional deficiencies and blood glucose levels were within normal limits. Though antibiotics, topical dexamethasone, and Kampo were administered at various clinics, the burning sensation was not ameliorated. Based on the medication effects, a candidal infection was excluded.
At the first examination, she came to our clinic by herself. No orientation disturbance or any verbal fluency problem was observed. No abnormality associated with the burning sensation was observed in the oral findings. Her continuous pain developed as the day progressed and was improved by meals. Moreover, no mood disturbance was detected. Based on the clinical, laboratory, and anamnestic data, we established a diagnosis of BMS.
Because she was anxious about several side effects of antidepressants, she was started on escitalopram at 5 mg/d. However, the burning sensation was not reduced, even at 10 mg/d. Therefore, duloxetine was administered instead of escitalopram. Though duloxetine was initiated at 20 mg/d and gradually increased to 40 mg/d, her burning sensation was aggravated. Then, mirtazapine was administered instead of duloxetine. The burning sensation was partially reduced at 7.5 mg/d, but dose escalation was not effective. Therefore, low-dose aripiprazole powder (1.0 mg/d) was added to her treatment regimen. Two weeks later, she noticed an improvement in the burning sensation. A month later, she said that she almost always forgot about the burning sensation during the day. Six months later, the mirtazapine was stopped and there was no change for the worse. Two months later, the aripiprazole was also stopped, which resulted in recurrence of the burning sensation. Aripiprazole was restarted at 1.0 mg/d, and the burning sensation disappeared within a few days. With low-dose aripiprazole, she continued to live a healthy life without experiencing any side effect.
Discussion
==========
We report a case of BMS that barely responded to antidepressants and was successfully treated with aripiprazole. Low-dose antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and benzodiazepines have been investigated and are the most accepted options for BMS. Tricyclic antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed drugs for BMS.[@b4-ndt-12-1229] Additionally, it has been reported that serotonin--norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor[@b5-ndt-12-1229],[@b6-ndt-12-1229] and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor[@b7-ndt-12-1229] are effective. However, some patients do not respond to any antidepressant. Recently, the effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics was reported in these patients.[@b8-ndt-12-1229],[@b9-ndt-12-1229] To our knowledge, there is no report on the effectiveness of aripiprazole for BMS.
Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic that bears the properties of D2 and 5-HT~1A~ partial agonists and is a potent antagonist of the 5-HT~2A~ receptor.[@b10-ndt-12-1229] Unlike other atypical antipsychotics that are dopamine D2 antagonists, aripiprazole has a unique effect on the dopamine system. Because of its D2 partial agonist activity, some studies have mentioned that aripiprazole has a role as a dopamine system stabilizer. This suggests that a lower dosage of aripiprazole increases dopamine activity.
Recently, neurotransmitter positron emission tomography data indicated that hypofunction of the dopaminergic system within the basal ganglia was related to BMS.[@b11-ndt-12-1229] One possible explanation is that the efficacy of aripiprazole in treating BMS is partly caused by stabilization of these dopamine receptors within the basal ganglia. Especially as this case did not have any response to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (escitalopram) or a serotonin--norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (duloxetine), it is strongly suggested that the efficacy of aripiprazole is caused by dopamine stabilization. Considering this dopaminergic hypothesis, other treatments including other antipsychotic drugs and electroconvulsive therapy might be options of treatment for BMS.
Recently, the role played by the dopamine system of the brain in pain control has garnered attention. Kasahara et al[@b12-ndt-12-1229] reported four cases of refractory chronic pain that improved with a low dose of aripiprazole. In their paper, they hypothesized that dopamine plays a role in pain processing via μ opioids. It is also believed that the dopamine and opioid systems interact in complex ways in the treatment of chronic pain.
Conclusion
==========
This report suggests that low-dose aripiprazole may be effective for patients with treatment-resistant BMS. Further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of aripiprazole for BMS.
**Disclosure**
The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '9b05e3a98da44af99e72475b6892a0496ca30c767fa5a201a9a2f4f10e9a881d'} |
Q:
How to add a popup menu to a JTextField
Can anybody explain me how to add a popup menu at a JtextField? I managed to add a JPopupMenu:
JPopupMenu popup = new JPopupMenu();
popup.add("m");
popup.add("n");
JTextField textField = new JTextField();
textField.add(popup);
.....
But when i roll the mouse over "popup", nothing is happening (i need to select an item from popup).
A:
From your comment, it sounds like you are trying to display a sub-menu in the popup that appears over your JTextField.
// 1. Let's add the initial popup to the text field.
JTextField textField = new JTextField();
JPopupMenu popup = new JPopupMenu();
textField.add(popup);
textField.setComponentPopupMenu(popup);
// 2. Let's create a sub-menu that "expands"
JMenu subMenu = new JMenu("m");
subMenu.add("m1");
subMenu.add("m2");
// 3. Finally, add the sub-menu and item to the popup
popup.add(subMenu);
popup.add("n");
Hopefully I answered the question you are trying to ask. If not could you explain a bit more on what you are trying to accomplish?
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '98866d3900f21891eb23dd02c53c3991bb502a663692606501c6915992a955bf'} |
Van Aert, after losing the Cyclocross World Cup: "Morally I am sunk"
Speaking to Sporza, the Belgian cyclist expressed his sadness after finishing second in the Cyclo-Cross World Championships because of a puncture when he was leading.
Wout Van Aert was left with honey on his lips at the Ostend Cyclo-cross World Championships, where he could not win the rainbow jersey that his great rival, the Dutchman Mathieu Van der Poel, finally won.
In statements collected by Sporza Van Aert, he was depressed by the way in which he suffered defeat due to a breakdown. "During the first two laps it was clear that I was superior. The puncture made me expend a lot of energy. In the World Cups everything has to go your way. The only thing I can blame is that I was discouraged. For some reason, I was not able to to attack again after the puncture. Mentally I am down. I am not used to it and I am disappointed by it ".
Van Aert believes that, had he not suffered the breakdown, he could have taken the title. "Mathieu and I are usually very close. If one has a bonus over the other, that is a great advantage, as we have seen other times. If you are in front, small mistakes are not a drama. I had the control and the situation I wanted . The puncture ruined my chances. I noticed that I had a puncture in the stop area. I was losing pressure. I think I lost half a minute because of the puncture ".
Finally, he acknowledged that Van der Poel's crash helped him open a gap in those first laps and applauded the Dutchman's great career, congratulating him on his victory. Because I put Mathieu under pressure and that's why he made that mistake. I'm very disappointed, but Mathieu is a deserved champion. Half the race he ran perfectly and there is no need to go around it. "
Photos from
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January 2015 LOAR Results
Collected from the Calonlist, via Gunnar Thorisson, Vert Hawk Herald
CALONTIR acceptances
Agnes von Heidelberg. Device. Per chevron throughout azure and argent, two garbs Or and a lamb couchant azure maintaining over its shoulder a wooden spoon proper.
Amerigo de Tincto da Venezia. Name and device. Vair, on a bend sinister sable a quill pen argent.
Caitilín ingen Áengusa. Device. Per bend gules and sable, an elm tree and in canton a sun Or.
Caitríona ingen Láeghaire. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and vert, a natural dolphin naiant bendwise sinister argent and a dragonfly bendwise sinister Or.
Submitted as Caitríona inghean Laoghaire, the genitive (possessive) form of the father’s name, Laoghaire, was documented as a 17th century Early Modern Irish spelling of a 5th century name. Thus, there is a gap of more than 500 years between the given name and byname. We have changed the name to Caitríona ingen Láeghaire, using a 10th century Middle Irish form of the byname that is temporally compatible with the Early Modern Irish Caitríona, in order to register the name.
Deidra de Warenne. Name change from holding name Deidra of Bonwicke.
This name was pended on the August 2014 Letter of Acceptances and Returns to allow commenters to document the given name Deidra or for the submitter to provide proof of her legal name. In addition, a second byname of Childentune was removed at that time with the submitter’s permission.
Deidra could not be documented to period. As documentation of the submitter’s legal name was provided, we are able to register this name.
Dorcas Whitecap. Badge. Argent, in saltire a wooden needle piercing the field and a sprig of rosemary proper.
Finna Firisdóttir. Name and device. Per bend sinister Or and azure, a raven sable maintaining in its foot an arum lily argent slipped and leaved vert, an orle gules.
Submitted as Finna Fyradottir, the formation of the patronym was not supported by the documentation. No evidence was found for the spelling Fyra-.
In commentary, Orle documented the 10th century Danish name Finna Firisdóttir from an area that is now part of Sweden. The given name and byname are derived from the masculine given names Finnr and Firir, respectively, themselves found in Lena Peterson’s Nordiskt runnamnslexikon. The submitter agreed to a change to this name. We are happy to make this change in order to register the name.
Finna Firisdóttir. Badge. Per bend sinister Or and azure, an arum lily argent and an orle gules.
Giovanni della Torre. Name and device. Per chevron gules and sable, two tilting lances in saltire and an armored horse’s head couped contourny Or.
Nice 15th century Italian name!
Goldcorn Moon. Name.
Howard of Yle. Name change from Howard of Brockenhurst and device change. Sable, two rams combattant and on a chief argent a bow sable.
The submitter’s previous name, Howard of Brockenhurst, is released.
The submitter’s old device, Vert, in pale three broad arrows and on a chief Or a battleaxe gules, is released.
Juliana de Loxelegh. Device. Per chevron argent and gules, two fleurs-de-lys gules and an owl affronty maintaining in its talons a key fesswise argent.
Khanzada Anaga. Name and device. Per bend sinister rayonny Or and argent, a peacock in its pride purpure and an elephant gules.
Submitted as Makduna Khanzada Anaga, the submitter requested a name from Mughal India.
Photocopies were provided for the title pages of the books cited in the Letter of Intent, but none of the relevant pages within the books were provided in the packet. Luckily for the submitter, kingdom was able to provide the additional pages so that we could consider the name.
Makduna was not documented in the Letter of Intent, and commenters were unable to provide further support for this element. As the submitter allows all changes, we have removed Makduna from the name.
Khanzada (“khan-born”) appears to be a given name dated to the reign of Humayan, who ruled from 1530-56. The documentation also includes a variant form, Khanzadeh. The question was raised in the Letter of Intent whether this term is presumptuous, as the example in the documentation summary was Khanzada Begum (“khan-born princess”). Annette S. Beveridge, The History of Humāyūn (Humāyūn-Nāma) (pp. 248-52) has examples of the pattern Khan-zada Begum + byname. An example is Khān-zāda Begam Mīrān-shāhī, daughter of Sultan Ma{h.}mūd Mīrān-shāhī and Khān-zāda Termizi. She also appears in a list of the daughters of her mother, Khān-zāda Termizi. Therefore, Khān-zāda appears to be used as a given name and not a title. Green Staff documented an alternative transliteration, Hânzâde, as a given name found in Istanbul (not Constantinople) in 1546. Therefore, we can give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that Khanzada is a plausible given name in our period, rather than a title or descriptive byname.
Under PN4B1 of SENA, Khanzada can only be used in contexts that make it clear that it is a given name and not a form of address or title. Green Staff noted that Khanzada is expected to follow the given name when used as a title. If we had not dropped Makduna, documentation would have needed to have been found to support Khanzada as a second element.
This low-contrast complex line of division remains identifiable.
Miyazaki Atsutaka. Device. Azure, a polypus argent each tentacle maintaining a bell and on a chief enarched wavy Or three estoiles azure.
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Name change from Ambrogio di Dionisio Acciaiuoli and device change. Gules, a demi-stoat issuant from base Or.
The submitter’s previous name, Ambrogio di Dionisio Acciaiuoli, is retained as an alternate name.
The submitter’s old device, Purpure, a pall ermine, is retained as a badge.
Nice device!
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Alternate name Kolushka Konstiantinov.
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Badge. (Fieldless) A cornucopia sable fructed proper.
By default a cornucopia is palewise with the opening to chief.
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Badge. (Fieldless) A bag of madder erminois.
Nice badge!
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Blanket permission to conflict with alternate name Ambrogio di Dionisio Acciaiuoli.
Nikolai allows registration of a name that is at least one syllable different from his alternate name, Ambrogio di Dionisio Acciaiuoli.
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. Per bend sinister ermine and counter-ermine, a rose counterchanged sable and argent, a bordure gules crusily formy argent.
The submitter grants permission to conflict to armory that is at least one DC from his registered armory.
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. Purpure, a pall ermine.
The submitter grants permission to conflict to any armory that is at least one DC from his registered armory.
Nikolai Kolpachnik Spiach’ev. Release of alternate name Zhaba Zagriazhskoi.
The submitter’s alternate name, Zhaba Zagriazhskoi, is released.
Pascual Manrriquel Caminante. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a tricorporate wolf and a bordure denticulada counterchanged.
Nice late 15th century Spanish name!
Runa Jonsdottir. Name and device. Or, a sea-wolf gules tailed vert.
Sorcha inghean Fhaoláin. Name and device. Vert, on a pile between two thistles Or a wolf rampant sable.
Submitted as Sorcha inghean Faoláin, Faoláin needs to be lenited. Therefore, we have changed this element to Fhaoláin in order to register this name.
This name does not conflict with the registered Sorcha ní Fhaolain. Precedent states that,
The submitter requested the form Caoilfhionn inghean Fhaoláin if it could be justified. Unfortunately, this is a identical in sound to the registered Caelainn inghean Fhaolain. The particle was changed to inghean Uí in order to clear this conflict.
Prior precedents concerning the difference between inghean and inghean Uí reflect the now-obsolete Rules for Submission, which stated that, “Two bynames of relationship are significantly different if the natures of the relationships or the objects of the relationships are significantly different.” (in this case, a daughter rather than a relative of some ancestor). Under SENA, we no longer consider the nature of the relationship when determining conflict. Instead, the addition of a syllable (Uí) is enough to clear this conflict under PN.3.C.2, Substantial Change to One Syllable. [Caoilfhionn inghean Uí Fhaoláin, April 2014, A-East]
In the present submission, inghean has an additional syllable compared to ní (itself a contraction of inghean Uí). Therefore, this name is also clear under PN3C2 of SENA.
Tobias Oldenburg. Name and device. Per pale dovetailed purpure and vert, two chevronels and in chief two towers argent charged with a decrescent vert and a decrescent purpure.
This complex low-contrast line of division is identifiable here and thus registrable.
Wolfram Janssen. Name and device. Or, a bend sinister dancetty vert between a wolf and a ram both rampant contourny purpure.
In commentary, Goutte d’Eau found both elements dated to 1596, making this an excellent late period German name!
Ysabel de la Oya. Name.
Both the given name and byname can be found in the same town, dated to 1495, making this an excellent late period Spanish name!
CALONTIR returns
Rébeca la Chienne. Device change. Argent, a wooden harp with the forepillar carved as a dog proper, in chief three open scissors inverted vert.
This device is returned for conflict with the device of Ann Etheridge of Somerset: Argent, a harp proper, stringed sable, entwined about the pillar three thistles slipped and leaved proper. There is a DC for adding the scissors in chief. Any other DC would have to come from the harp. The fact that the harp’s forepillar is carved is a detail left unblazoned in period: The harp was blazoned on the LoI as having its forepillar in the shape of a harpy. Following the pattern of period heralds, as seen in the blazon of the arms of Ireland and others, we will not blazon details of the forepillars of harps, as they are considered artistic details. [Christina Butterman, LoAR of March 2009]
Nothing has been presented to overturn this precedent. The carving of the harp is an artistic detail, worth no difference, and the thistles on Ann’s device are clearly maintained charges, also worth no difference.
Tatiana Nikonovna Besprozvannyja. Device change. Gules, a natural demi-tiger erect regardant erased argent striped sable and an orle argent.
This device is returned for redraw. Please instruct the submitter on the proper way to draw erasing: either three or four prominent, pointed jags on the erasing, as described on the Cover Letter to the November 2001 LoAR: Therefore, for purposes of recreating period armorial style for erasing, the erasing should (1) have between three and eight jags; (2) have jags that are approximately one-sixth to one-third the total height of the charge being erased; and (3) have jags that are not straight but rather are wavy or curved.
Alternatively, the submitter could also draw the charge clearly couped.
There is a step from period practice for the use of a natural (demi)tiger. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8795486688613892}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '51006', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:BQ457YBKXRQ7GMWSA2BXUGMN4SZPQVE2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6d2fca3c-def7-46ec-84f1-40c80ec1517f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 23, 4, 14, 35), 'WARC-IP-Address': '143.95.240.28', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:U5TQWZMWV2HPAQ2BR3YDBF27HVGPM24S', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6518da55-0ecd-46c1-8847-84a092e69312>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://falconbanner.gladiusinfractus.com/2015/03/23/january-2015-loar-results/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a3708922-e77b-48af-a0de-3091259f6861>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1772', 'url': 'http://falconbanner.gladiusinfractus.com/2015/03/23/january-2015-loar-results/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-217.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.054016947746276855', 'original_id': 'a1ad7b4d2dd51e8c17354e27ae02b12f63436e2d44135f2ed72e237c9ad6503c'} |
President Trump accused Joe Biden Tuesday in Iowa of restricting the sale of corn ethanol during his time as vice president, saying that he harmed farmers and made the nation less energy secure.
“Americans may never again be held hostage to foreign suppliers of energy as we were under the Obama-Biden — ‘Sleepy Joe’ — group,” Trump said.
Trump spoke in Iowa after Biden gave an address earlier in the day. Trump was there to tout the Environmental Protection Agency's May 31 action to remove restrictions on the sale of 15% ethanol blends put in place under the previous president, allowing the fuel to be blended all year.
The ethanol industry has been clamoring for the restrictions to be lifted for years.
Biden has been struggling to overcome the Obama administration's shaky relationship with ethanol in trying to gain favor in Iowa. Although the administration did support a market for ethanol in its first term, it later gave into the oil lobby in cutting the amount of ethanol refiners are required by law to blend each year.
Although Trump used inaccurate hyperbole in saying that the Obama administration made the U.S. hostage to foreign suppliers — energy imports actually dipped during the Obama administration — his rhetoric appealed to ethanol industry lobbyists.
Monte Shaw, president and CEO of the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association, said Trump is not exaggerating on the point about restrictions on 15% ethanol blends.
His group and many others had asked the Obama administration for six years to remove the restriction on 15% ethanol blends, Shaw told the Washington Examiner. “They said no," Shaw said. "So Trump has [a] legit point on that.”
Shaw said the Obama administration did take steps to increase the market for ethanol, but things began to slip during the administration's second term in 2014. More restrictions were placed on 15% ethanol fuel, and the Environmental Protection Agency's annual blending targets for ethanol were cut over fears drummed up by the oil industry.
Biden had influenced the ethanol cuts as a way to protect refiners in his home state of Delaware, Reuters reported.
“Under the previous administration, our leaders rejected American energy and they rejected ethanol,” Trump said Tuesday while touting his EPA's recent rule changes.
Trump called the Reid vapor pressure limits on 15% ethanol fuel “radical restrictions” that President Obama and Biden placed on U.S. farmers and ethanol producers.
The Obama administration “refused to even allow talk of E15 during the busiest driving months of the year,” he added.
The ethanol blend was previously banned from being sold during the summer months due to the fuel’s tendency to exacerbate smog pollution during the hot summer months.
“We took it from eight months to 12 beautiful months,” Trump added. “We took it all year long.” | mini_pile | {'original_id': '000bfcd7a92779ddecff5bdc8eb2ba0ca7a080bebbb359290e33ff8a77d7693c'} |
<template>
<div v-if="migrations.length > 0" class="py-20">
<layout-h2>
<template #title>
{{ $t('voken.migrate.Migration_Records') }}
</template>
</layout-h2>
<div class="mt-12 max-w-md mx-auto">
<layout-table-simple>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>
{{ $t('Block') }}
</th>
<th>
{{ $t('Amount') }}
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr v-for="migration in migrations" class="font-mono">
<td>
<a target="_blank" :href="fnEtherscan.tx(migration.transactionHash)">
#{{ migration.blockNumber }}
</a>
</td>
<td>
{{ migration.amount }} VokenTB
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</layout-table-simple>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import vokenAddress from "@voken/address"
import fnEtherscan from "~/utils/fnEtherscan"
import fnFormat from "~/utils/fnFormat"
import DAPP from '~/utils/constants/dapp'
export default {
name: "VokenMigrateRecords",
data() {
return {
fnEtherscan: fnEtherscan,
migrations: []
}
},
async mounted() {
await this.getVokenMigrations()
},
methods: {
async getVokenMigrations() {
await this.$store.state.voken.contract()
.getPastEvents(
'Transfer', {
filter: {
from: this.$store.state.ether.account,
to: DAPP.CONTRACT_ADDRESS_MIGRATE
},
fromBlock: 12074853,
toBlock: 'latest'
}
)
.then(this.onGetVokenMigrations)
.catch(this.onGetVokenMigrationsError)
},
async onGetVokenMigrations(events) {
if (events.length > 0) {
let migrations = []
for (let i = 0; i < events.length; i++) {
migrations.push({
blockNumber: fnFormat.ns2Str(events[i].blockNumber, 0),
transactionHash: events[i].transactionHash,
amount: fnFormat.ns2Str(events[i].returnValues.value),
})
}
this.migrations = migrations
}
},
async onGetVokenMigrationsError(error) {
console.error('::: C[VokenMigrateRecords] onGetVokenMigrationError:', error)
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/voken1000g/toolk/blob/master/components/VokenMigrateRecords.vue', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'Apache-2.0', 'date': '', 'title': 'toolk', 'creator': 'voken1000g', 'language': 'Vue', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '177', 'token_count': '763', '__index_level_0__': '26710', 'original_id': 'af32dfbb88ca9bf1c5ae2550cd44b0a4f3c6f95d62ff8f8913c5206fde980181'} |
10 Best Wrestling Dives
Mr. Orton, would you kindly look away?
Shane McMahon WrestleMania 33
Having engulfed wrestling over the past few days, the "dive" debate isn't ending anytime soon. It started with a tweet by former OVW trainer Rip Rogers criticising independent wrestling for becoming too repetitive and flashy, drawing an immediate backlash from some of the indy scene's brightest stars.
Randy Orton (one of Rogers' old developmental students) responded with a snarky tweet of his own, before "apologising" for the backlash with a blunt assault on flips, dives, and "indy marks." This has naturally led to widespread debate across social media, with Will Ospreay going so far as turning Orton's initial Tweet into a t-shirt.
It's an unwinnable argument, because while wanting to reduce the physical toll wrestlers take on their bodies is a noble cause, neither side has the right to tell the other what to do. There's no denying that dives have become a huge part of the sport however, and as wrestling continues to evolve, wrestlers will find new ways to push their bodies to the limits in the name of entertainment.
Leaping from ladders, cages, and other structures provided some of wrestling's most memorable spots. The dangers are very real, but when perfectly executed, it's hard to beat the exhilaration of a death-defying dive...
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Modesto Korean Kitchen
Driving around Modesto, I noticed a flyer posted on a random telephone pole advertising Korean food. I was looking for a new place to try for lunch, so Korean sounded good, and I thought I would give the place a shot. The restaurant is called 'Korean Kitchen' located on the corner of Coffee Road at Floyd, it is a somewhat don-descript place located in a strip mall. On the inside, the place is somewhat plain but clean. When I arrived, I was somewhat surprised because the owner does not appear Korean, later he told me his wife and co-owner is Korean, and she does the cooking.
The menu was pretty standard, I decided on the grilled marinated chicken breast lunch special for $7. The food came out promptly and everything looked tasty. The grilled chicken was plump, juicy, and delicious, it was nicely carmelized and tasted of the korean marinade and spices. The lunch came with some yummy side dishes including 3 types of kimchi, marinated sprouts/broccoli, anchovies, rice, and salad. The cabbage Kimchi was awesome, it tasted super fresh, and had the perfect balance of cold, crunchy, bitter and spicy/sweet, and the marinated broccoli was also very good. The owner mentioned the kimchi was homemade.Kudos to his wife. Based off of my lunch, I give the place a 4/5. I returned a different day, but this time for dinner, and I ordered the beef shortribs. The short ribs had potential, but were poorly cooked because they were somewhat burnt,and tasted slightly bitter and uneven; but the meal was saved by the awesome sides dishes that I previously mentioned. The place seemed pretty dead both times, which is unfortunate because the food is pretty good, and I definitely will go back. As far as I know, it is the only Korean restaurant between Modesto and Merced.
Overall I give the place 3.5/5, it would have been 4, if it werent for the burnt short ribs. If you go, I recommend experimenting with the menu, since every item may not be a winner, but I think the side dishes are worth the visit alone.
Sorry to report that the Korean Kitchen (AKA Korean BBQ) on Coffee Road has gone out of business due to a lack of customers to support it. The closest Korean Restaurants are now located in Stockton, Pleasanton, Santa Clara, and San Jose. There used to be a small Korean Restaurant in Atwater years ago that had very good food. Guess there are not that many people in and around Modesto that have a taste for Korean food...too bad, it's great. The local North China Restaurant on Standiford used to offer a great bowl of Korean Black Bean Noodles, but the new owners no longer offer it.
hubby says that at least as of two months ago or so when he was working at Castle (in Atwater) that the Korean restaurant, Kim's, is still there, and decent for home-style lunches. He's been bugging me to go with him sometime to get a second opinion, but he now works downtown Merced instead of Atwater so the incentive isn't there.
A search on other sites confirms that it is still there, as of August:
Kim's Restaurant161 Atwater BoulevardAtwater
I am sorry I somehow missed or had forgotten the original post on Korean Kitchen; I definitely miss the cuisine since moving to the area. Perhaps this will be push I need to try Kim's for myself...(I will admit to being skeptical about a Korean place in Atwater; it did seem unlikely).
You are correct, after my last post I did some more searching and found several posts on places like YELP that advised that Kim's in Atwater was still open.
The reviews all seemed to be very positive in that the place was still kind of a small hole in the wall restaurant located in a small strip mall, but the food tended to be great! I will take the time make a trip to Atwater, maybe with some friends, to give Kim's a try again.
There are several Japanese restaurants around Modesto that seem to be doing well, but guess Korean food has just not caught on that much yet. The bad reviews posted on the Korean Kitchen sure did not help the cause. The location was another negative factor. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'b38ccdd6c9b73867667100f4e4e3edce6a77637e6fe7e92aec70e6ecc5b8ef99'} |
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