Split (2)

validation · 215k rows

text stringlengths 1 3.78M	meta dict
Waiting with all My Strength “Wait for the Lord; be strong, and let your heart be courageous. Wait for the Lord.” Psalms 27:14 CSB Yesterday, I began listening to the audiobook of Anne of Green Gables (through LibriVox). Chapter 2 includes a description of Anne waiting at the train station. When the reader spoke the words featured on my Bible page, I was caught off guard. She was sitting there waiting for something or somebody and, since sitting and waiting was the only thing to do just then, she sat and waited with all her might and main. Anne of Green Gables Tears puddled in my eyes. Do I wait with all my “might and main” or strength? Even now I feel my eyes moisten because I know the answer. I haven’t been a good waiter… I’ve been a good alternate planner. I excel at pretending I didn’t hear the word “wait.” On the cover of my paperback copy is the image of Anne waiting on a bench with her carpetbag. The Lord reminded me again the value of the wait. In the waiting, … I seek Him more. … I trust Him more. … I have new experiences. … I grow in the pause. … I smell the roses. I’m challenged to sit longer and ask Him when to move. And be obedient. Prayer Lord, thank You for the way You speak through everyday things like a story about an orphaned girl. I want to trust You, but my actions don’t show it. “I pray to (You) —my life a prayer— and wait for what (You) say and do. My life’s on the line before (You), my Lord, waiting and watching till morning, waiting and watching till morning.” (Psalm 130:5-6 MSG) In Jesus’ name, Amen. What’s Next? Friend, are you in the waiting? I received an amazing piece of advice from my friend and pastor Jan Greenwood. Focus on what is in front of you right now. Don’t miss out on present blessings because you are focused on future maybes. Ask the Lord what He has for you to learn in the waiting. And focus on what He says. Focus on Him. Wait on the Lord with all your “might and main.” Here are some other devotionals I’ve written on the waiting. I hope you will find encouragement through these!	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
On Sale Dining Room Privacy 2" Slats Wood Window Blinds Wood blinds are the classic choice for almost any decor, offering a clean, classic look. Wooden blinds are made from basswood or other hardwoods and come in a variety of stains and painted colors. Blindsgalore offers a great selection of discount, custom (made to order) wood blinds from Bali, Levolor, Kirsch and Graber as well as our own signature line, in various slat sizes from 1" to 2 1/2".Shop online and save with low online prices, free shipping and samples. Wood blinds with smaller slat sizes (wood mini blinds) are typically for French doors and smaller windows, whereas wood blinds with 2" slats are perfect for most windows of any size and shape. Wood blinds with slat sizes larger than 2" are recommended for greater outward visibility or "see-through". wood blind features: Wood blinds come in a variety of finishes, from stains and paints to sandblasted and rustic Backed by the Good Housekeeping Seal, this line of custom blinds and shades features stylish and exclusive colors, a wide range of child-safe features and the quality you would expect from Good Housekeeping Custom Blinds and Shades.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
-- Posted Thursday, 7 May 2009 \| \| Source: GoldSeek.com By: Jake Towne This February, Congressman Ron Paul (R-TX) introduced HR 1207, the Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2009 to audit the FED. When I first reported on it in March, privately I was quite ecstatic that there were 11 co-sponsors, and three were Democrats. Why? Well, Dr. Paul has tried this variants of this theme multiple times before over the past 30 years. For instance, HR 1148 was introduced in 1999 to abolish the Federal Reserve and obtained a whopping zero co-sponsors. This was repeated in HR 2755 in 2007. Result? Zero co-sponsors. Paul's new clever strategy has been to extremely limit the scope of the bill � just audit the books of the FED, nothing more � and has been able to tap into the wide-ranging dissatisfaction surrounding the October 2008 banker bailout, the Obama stimulus plan, and the outright socialization of our banking, auto, and insurance sectors. It only takes half a brain and a pulse to get angry about the fact that the central bankers gave the American people the equivalent of a middle finger on Bloomberg's Freedom of Information Act request. The FED denied to disclose how they used $2 trillion dollars in open market operations that they executed outside of Congressional authority. Congress has no clue how the FED used the money either since that is not how the FED works. Without an audit, Congress also has no clue how much gold our nation owns. (photo) So what's the big picture? Basically, the legislative process in Washington is usually as slow as molasses, and most bills die in committee with the obvious exceptions of very long lobbyist bills like the USA PATRIOT Act and urgent banker bailout-stimulus plans that no one in Congress admittedly even has time to read before voting on them. Ron Paul is a veteran legislator, and most of his bills this decade are quite short - HR 1207 is 446 words � and follows the K.I.S.S. Principle: Keep It Simple Stupid. Obviously he has not had a lot of success, but that's mostly been due to lack of cooperation. In the case of HR 1207, Paul has chosen this battleground wisely - who wants to be on the "No" side with all of the popular sentiment against it? Campaign for Liberty and Liberty Maven, two sites that publish my articles, and many more like-minded sites have thrown all their momentum into winning this one small battle. Galvanized supporters have watched in awe as the number of co-sponsors rise from 11 to 33 to 88 to 124 at present, an impressive feat. The New American recently quoted Austrian economist Thomas Woods's doubts as saying, "[The FED] is too complicated for most Americans. This isn�t going to galvanize people. I was wrong! He�s taken an issue that wasn�t even an issue, and he�s got a lot of Americans suddenly fascinated by the Fed, by monetary policy, by the Austrian business cycle theory." My thoughts are that Woods is severely underestimating both the number and intelligence of Paul's supporters, especially when it is so apparent our future prosperity as a society is at stake. The fight to pass HR 1207 by the House is winnable. Even if it fails, the rEVOLution will have learned a very important fact � which of the Representatives on either the Financial Services committee or in the House itself can be viewed as domestic enemies. Disdain for what the FED has done to the American people is one of the reasons I am running for Congress in Pennsylvania's 15th district, and also why I have contacted my current representative multiple times to co-sign HR 1207. I published my latest letter to him, and a reader asked the following questions. As a wanna-be Congressman, I thought I would take a shot at answering them! Q: "What does it take to get this bill out of committee and on the floor of the House for a vote?" A: The bill is currently in committee and must pass before a House vote can be called. It is possible the bill will be tabled, or die, while in committee. To pass, the committee must have quorum � the necessary amount of representatives present to vote on it. The exact number needed to obtain a quorum is determined by each committee. Passing requires a majority of those in attendance at committee before moving to a House vote where a simple majority is needed � this is democracy at work! This process is described here, see page 21/67. Q: "How many co-sponsors does it need to force that? Or does that even matter?" A: The number of co-sponsors does not matter. However, it does indicate the expected minimum support a bill will receive on the House floor, so is a key indicator while in committee. While bills are in committee, they can be marked up and amended, which is why the simplicity of Paul's bill is key. Q: "Is it really a matter of getting Barney Frank to move it to the House for a vote? What's the process? Does anyone know?" A: Representative Barney Frank, D-MA, is the chair of the Financial Services committee of 70 representatives. He has not co-signed the bill, and traditionally is allied closely with the banking special interests and FED, so no cooperation can be expected from him. Several weeks ago, Frank spoke about Paul, HR 1207, and committee politics - while boldly proclaimed that there is no inflation. It is my guess that Campaign for Liberty and Ron Paul will take their time to have their supporters keep banging away on their local representatives to rachet the number of co-sponsors higher. Over 150 would be impressive, to say the least. At this point, page 20/67 states: "Three or more members of a standing committee may file with the committee a written request that the chairman call a special meeting... If the chairman does not call the requested special meeting within three calendar days after the filing of the request, to be held within seven calendar days after the filing of the request, a majority of the members of the committee may call the special meeting by filing with the committee written notice... " Since there are already three co-signers, the first step can be completed at any time. However, I think it would be best to target the remaining 6 of 29 Republicans on the committee who have not co-signed and try to pick up more than one Democrat (the other 40 have not co-signed) before proceeding. These six possible Republican banker-buddies are located in the states of NJ, NY, CA, and PA and here is a downloadable interactive list. Supporters of HR 1207 should contact any red-listed member as a top-priority (see below). Rely on sites like Campaign for Liberty and Liberty Maven to keep up with the current status. When the bill goes to committee, it will be time to melt the phone wires on the phones of those Financial Services members still in red. HR 1207 is not just an audit of the FED, it is an audit of your local Representative! Jake Towne, the Champion of the Constitution Candidate for US Congress, PA-15th in 2010 [Reach the Author Here!] -- Posted Thursday, 7 May 2009 \| Digg This Article \| Source: GoldSeek.com	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice is a very useful model of autoimmune disease since it shows the strongest genetic control by gene(s) within the major histocompatibility complex so far described for such a disease. Preliminary experiments suggested that monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies given before immunization of mice with mouse thyroglobulin emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant, completely prevented the development of thyroiditis. These experiments will be expanded, giving antibodies after the immunization, to observe a suppressive effect on the established disease. The minimum amount of monoclonal antibody needed for suppression and the effect of several antibodies directed against different Ia antigens will be investigated to show the particular Ia antigen(s) on antigen presenting cells involved in presenting thyroglobulin to T lymphocytes. In mice given monoclonal anti-Ia and immunized with thyroglobulin in Freund's adjuvant, several parameters will be monitored namely, the in vitro lymphocyte stimulation by thyroglobulin, the number of T and B lymphocytes (and the number of their subsets) in the spleen, the number of plaque forming cells in the spleen, the skin delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction after challenge with thyroglobulin, the titer of circulating thyroglobulin antibodies, the IgG concentration in serum, the number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in lymph nodes, and the magnitude of thyroid infiltration with mononuclear cells. Adoptive transfer experiments will be performed to detect the possible induction of suppressor cells after treatment with monoclonal anti-Ia. The expression of Ig antigens in the thyroid of mice (on thyroid cells, antigen presenting cells and endothelial cells) during the development of EAT and the possible modulation of Ia antigens by anti-Ia antibody will be investigated by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. The effect of various monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies on in vitro lymphocyte stimulation by thyroglobulin will also be investigated in mice immunized with thyroglobulin. The experiments just described will shed light on the role of class II major histocompatibility antigens in the development of autoimmune diseases and will help to better understand the genetic control of these diseases. The experiments will also suggest methods for specific treatment of human autoimmune diseases.	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
NPR solidified its roster of co-hosts for All Things Considered and Weekend Edition Sunday, in changes announced Jan. 3. Audie Cornish, who guest-hosted ATC during Michele Norris’s 2012 leave of absence, becomes permanent co-host of the NPR newsmag, alongside Robert Siegel and Melissa Block. Cornish has been a reporter and host for NPR since 2006. Cornish Norris returns to work next month in what NPR calls an “expanded role” — host and special correspondent. She will produce in-depth profiles, interviews and series as well as guest-host on NPR News programs. Norris, whose husband, Broderick Johnson, was a senior adviser to President Obama’s re-election campaign, stepped out of her prominent on-air role during the 2012 elections to avoid potential ethical conflicts in covering the race. Norris joined ATC as a co-host in 2002. Among the specials she will produce in her new role is a continuation of “The Race Card Project,” initiated after publication of her 2010 book The Grace of Silence: A Memoir. She will also continue “Backseat Book Club,” a regular ATC segment for young readers. Rachel Martin, who has been filling in for Cornish on Weekend Edition Sunday, will now permanently host that program. Martin previously covered military and intelligence issues as a national security correspondent, and was part of the team that launched NPR’s experimental morning show, The Bryant Park Project. PBS Hawaii has promoted Robert Pennybacker to head a new unit, Learning Initiatives. “With this new division,” said Leslie Wilcox, PBS Hawaii president, “we’re focusing more resources in equipping Hawaii’s students with 21st-century learning and workforce skills.” Pennybacker, formerly vice president of creative services, is now executive producer, Learning Initiatives, responsible for management and development of Hiki Nō, America’s first statewide student-produced news network. Hiki Nō premiered in February 2011 with students from 54 public, private and charter middle schools and high schools participating in creating online and broadcast content for a weekly half-hour news program. During its first season, it also broke new ground with an entire episode presented in Ni‘ihau, a traditional Hawaiian dialect. The initiative has since expanded to 80 schools, training hundreds of students in news reporting, editing and presentation skills. Diplomatic and foreign correspondent Mike Shuster departed NPR Dec. 28 after more than three decades with the network. Shuster Shuster left “by mutual agreement,” according to NPR spokesperson Anna Christopher, who declined to elaborate. Shuster joined NPR in 1980 as a freelance reporter covering business and the economy. His first overseas assignment was covering the collapse of the Berlin Wall, and he went on to report on wars in Iraq, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo and the Middle East. He reported from Iran and also covered diplomatic skirmishes and issues of nuclear disarmament and proliferation. Shuster was stationed in London in the late ’80s and early ’90s as a senior editor. Before his time in London, Shuster worked as a reporter and bureau chief in New York, and as an editor for Weekend All Things Considered. He was also on the committee that reviewed NPR’s journalistic and ethics guidelines, resulting in the network’s new ethics handbook. Shuster reminisced about his long NPR career on Talk of the Nation with host Neal Conan Jan. 3. On the show, regarding his future plans, Shuster said, “Well, I have some ideas for projects. I actually, along the way, wrote a screenplay with a co-author, and I wrote two pilot scripts for TV series, one about the nuclear emergency search team and another about Wall Street in the 1860s, ’70s and ’80s — which is, I think, a fascinating period of time in American history that’s largely overlooked. So I want to keep writing and find also a way to keep reporting and doing work as an independent producer and reporter for public radio. I think there’s a lot of opportunities there.” Rob Rapley is the 2012 recipient of WGBH’s Peter S. McGhee Fellowship, awarded annually to a mid-career filmmaker who has shown exceptional promise in nonfiction television production. Rapley His work with the icon series American Experience includes co-producing “Trail of Tears,” the third episode of the We Shall Remain series on Native American history, as well as writing, directing and producing Buffalo Bill, The Greely Expedition and Wyatt Earp. Rapley also has been recognized with honors from the Writers Guild and Western Writers of America. He is currently completing the three-part documentary The Abolitionists. Prior to American Experience, Rapley was an associate producer with PBS journalist Bill Moyers on Becoming American: The Chinese Experience, and collaborated with Peabody winner Mark Zwonitzer on the 2007 PBS series The Supreme Court. The fellowship recognizes an individual whose work reflects excellence, intelligence, fairness, passion and scholarship, attributes that define the standards set by Peter McGhee, former head of national programming at Boston’s WGBH. The fellowship program was established upon McGhee’s retirement in 2002; each recipient works for one year with one of WGBH’s national production units. NPR News chief Margaret Low Smith has been elected to the steering committee of the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press. Smith The organization, founded in 1970, offers free legal support on First Amendment issues to thousands of working journalists and media attorneys each year. Smith’s “extensive experience as a producer and news executive will be a great help to the Reporters Committee as it takes on new issues and challenges,” said Chairman Tony Mauro, U.S. Supreme Court correspondent for the National Law Journal. Smith joined NPR in 1982, rising through senior production and programming roles to vice president for programming. She was tapped to run the news division as senior v.p. of news in January 2011, and now leads some 400 journalists in 17 bureaus worldwide. Programming Marco Werman has taken over hosting duties for PRI’s The World as of Jan. 1, replacing Lisa Mullins, who has hosted since 1998. Werman, formerly a senior producer for the show, joined The World in 1995 and began stepping in as a substitute host three years ago. Julia Yager, PRI’s v.p. of brand management and marketing strategy, said the show’s producers made the change because Werman “best embodies the direction of the program” as it aims to expand further on digital multimedia platforms. In addition to co-hosting and reporting for The World, Werman has also reported for public TV’s Sound Tracks and Frontline, and he’s an active tweeter. Reilly KUT’s expansion as a dual-station operator on Jan. 2 prompted staff changes at the Austin pubcasting outlet. Matt Reilly, former assistant music director, is now program director for KUTX, the new station broadcasting music programming on 98.9 FM. Reilly is responsible for the overall sound of the station, branding, station promotions, community engagement and coordinating with KUT on fundraising. He also hosts evening drive-time from 3 to 6 p.m. Reilly joined KUT in 2008 as a music host, talent booker and assistant music director. Previously he worked at WXPN-FM in Philadelphia; Austin Music Network, a nonprofit independent music television channel; and KGSR, a local commercial rock station. Reilly continues to host Folk Alley on WKSU-FM, Kent State University. At KUT 90.5 FM, which now broadcasts news and talk programming full-time, reporter Nathan Bernier has moved up to local host of NPR’s All Things Considered; he succeeds Bob Branson, who became KUT midday host. KBBI-AM in Homer, Alaska, is welcoming two new staffers. Ariel Van Cleave is the incoming reporter and local host of Morning Edition for KBBI and KDLL-FM, Pickle Hill Public Broadcasting in Kenai. She spent the summer at KDLG in Dillingham, hosting Morning Edition and reporting on the fishing industry. Previously she covered Illinois government in Springfield for the Chicago-based Illinois Radio Network and was a host for WBAA-AM/FM in West Lafayette, Ind. KBBI’s new development director is Rose Grech, who moved to Homer in May from Portland, Ore., where she was human resources program manager for Idealist.org, a nonprofit jobs website. Koahnic Broadcasting Corporation in Anchorage, Alaska, appointed Sarah Gustavus to head radio production for its syndicated programs National Native News and Native America Calling. Her radio stories have aired nationally on All Things Considered, Latino USA and Weekend America. During a 2011 fellowship with the Institute for Justice and Journalism in Oakland, Calif., she produced an award-winning series on New Mexico’s immigration history and the federal Secure Communities program. Gustavus previously worked at public radio stations KXOT in Tacoma, Wash., and KUNM in Albuquerque. Academy Award–nominated actress Gabourey Sidibe will host Season 5 of AfroPoP: The Ultimate Cultural Exchange, a series of independent films showcasing life across the African diaspora that premieres Jan. 22 on the World channel. “This season of AfroPoP helps give voice to those who truly need to be heard,” Sidibe said in a statement. “I’m happy to help bring these stories to the American public and raise awareness of issues of vital concern to women and men in Africa as well as all who care about human rights.” AfroPoP is produced by the National Black Programming Consortium anddistributed by American Public Television. Modlin Dan Modlin retired Jan. 4 after nearly 23 years as news director of WKUPublic Radio at Western Kentucky University in Bowling Green, to pursue songwriting and recording opportunities. “I’ve been playing in Nashville for about as long as I’ve been news director here,” he told Current. (Visit tinyurl.com/ModlinGuitar to see his performance at that city’s Bluebird Cafe.) He will continue to co-host the weekly bluegrass-oriented Barren River Breakdown. Assistant News Director Kevin Willis has been promoted into the news director position. “He’s a very good journalist, and I am confident the news staff will do an excellent job,” Modlin added. South Carolina ETV hosted its U.S. INPUT national selection panel Nov. 15–17 in Charleston. Serving on this year’s national selection panel were Rick Sebak, WQED, Pittsburgh; Eren McGinnis, U.S. INPUT shop steward; Moss Bresnahan, KCTS, Seattle; Gayle Loeber, National Educational Telecommunications Association; Sandie Pedlow, Latino Public Broadcasting; Kent Steele, WNET; Donald Thoms, PBS; Richard O’Connell, Independent Television Service; and Linda O’Bryon, Kerry Feduk, Betsy Newman and Amy Shumaker of SCETV. Programs selected in Charleston are forwarded to INPUT’s international selection panel; those chosen in the next round will screen during INPUT 2013, May 6–9 in El Salvador. INPUT, which stands for “international public television,” has convened annually since 1977 to encourage the highest-quality programming in public-service television. Management Kathy Merritt is leaving CPB to become v.p. of content strategy and development at Public Radio International. She starts the new job Feb. 4, and will work to identify new talent, production and business partners, and collaborate with producers on content development, audience research and new business opportunities, the Minneapolis-based PRI said in a Jan. 10 announcement. She will report to Melinda Ward, who was recently named chief content officer.“Kathy’s wide range of experience in public broadcasting,” Ward said, “including leadership positions at stations, industry associations like [Station Resource Group] and Public Radio News Directors Association, and her most recent tenure at CPB, uniquely qualify her for her role in developing PRI’s content strategy.” As CPB’s senior director of radio program investments, Merritt has overseen development and implementation of investment strategies for CPB’s Radio Program Fund, and administered grant projects such as the Local Journalism Centers. Anderson Pubcasting executive Polly Anderson is leaving New Mexico PBS to take over leadership of WUCF-TV in Orlando, Fla., in early February. Anderson joined KNME as g.m. and c.e.o. in 2008; she previously worked for Alabama Public Television and KWBU community radio and television stations in Waco, Texas. She has also been active with national public television organizations, serving as vice chair of the Association of Public Television Stations and chair of the National Educational Telecommunications Association. WUCF is the flagship PBS station for the Orlando market, launched by the University of Central Florida in July 2011 after WMFE-TV withdrew from PBS membership KJZZ-FM in Tempe, Ariz., has chosen Jon Hoban as its chief content officer, a new position. Hoban moved to the music and news station from Georgia Public Broadcasting in Atlanta, where he was vice president of radio. Hoban has more than 20 years experience in pubcasting, as station manager for Michigan Radio, news director for WHYY in Philadelphia and chief operating officer for Louisville Public Media. In related news, Bill Shedd, programming director at the station, was promoted to associate general manager of programming and operations. WFYI Public Media, a dual licensee in Indianapolis, has hired its first multiplatform news manager, veteran Indiana broadcaster Rick Dawson. From 1987 to 2011 he was news anchor, reporter and investigative team manager for local CBS affiliate WISH-TV. He also worked as a news anchor and reporter at NBC affiliate WSAZ-TV in Huntington, W.Va., and WANE-TV, CBS in Fort Wayne. He’s won five regional Emmys and honors from the Associated Press, Society of Professional Journalists, Indiana Broadcasters Association and United Press International. Nycklemoe Erik Nycklemoe, director of network initiatives at American Public Media Group in St. Paul, Minn., takes over Feb. 4 as general manager of KPLU in Tacoma, Wash. Nycklemoe succeeds Paul Stankavich, a pubradio veteran of nearly 50 years who will retire this month. While at APM, Nycklemoe presided over purchases of more than 20 stations and translators in four states, and developed enterprise and company performance metrics and dashboards. Before arriving at APM, Nycklemoe was program director and executive producer at Arizona Public Radio in Flagstaff, news director and program director at New Hampshire Public Radio in Concord. He also held production and editorial positions at NPR headquarters in Washington, D.C. The Board of Trustees of KMFA-FM in Austin, Texas, has named Ann Hume Wilson president and general manager of the classical station. Wilson has been serving as interim g.m. since mid-October when her predecessor, Joan Kobayashi, moved on to a new job at Development Exchange Inc. In her expanded role, Wilson will oversee station management and operations, audience development, fundraising, outreach and marketing, and work with the board and staff to develop and implement long-range planning and strategy. Wilson came to KMFA from her post as executive director of the local professional choral ensemble Conspirare. Veteran public broadcaster Daniel Skinner, vice president of Public Radio in Mid-America, is the new general manager of WKSU-FM at Kent State University in Ohio. Skinner previously served as president and g.m. of Texas Public Radio in San Antonio and department head and g.m. of Purdue University’s WBAA AM/FM in West Lafayette, Ind. Daniel Miller, executive director and general manager of Iowa Public Television for the past decade, will retire in April. He’s been with the network for 37 years. Throughout his career he has served on various boards and committees for CPB, PBS, WGBH, the BBC and other public television organizations. Before heading IPTV, he served as its executive producer for public affairs programming, and led the programming and production division for 16 years. “Through challenging budget circumstances and a rapidly changing media landscape, Dan has guided this statewide network to increased viewership, unmatched coverage of Iowa, and a national reputation for excellence,” said Robert W. Hall, president of the Iowa Public Broadcasting Board, in a statement. “His steadfast commitment to quality has been a thread throughout his entire career.” Mike Lampella, named KIXE’s interim general manager in June, has assumed the position permanently. He has worked for the Redding, Calif., station for 33 years in various roles, including board operator, traffic manager, assistant program manager and operations manager. “Historically, he knows how the first nut and bolt was turned,” Board Chair Jack Nehr told the local Record Searchlight. Digital Lindsey Ethan Lindsey is the new senior digital editor for Marketplace. He served as the American Public Media program’s managing editor for the last seven months before moving into this newly created position. He’s also worked as overnight producer for Marketplace Morning Report, and freelanced for the program in Portland and Germany. Previously, he was a correspondent and producer for Oregon Public Broadcasting. Lindsey began his career as an intern at the South China Morning Post, where he covered technology development and software. He assumes his new responsibilities Feb. 11, reporting to new Managing Editor Sarah Gilbert. Andrew Golis, director of digital media for Frontline, snared a spot on Forbes magazine’s recent list of “30 Under 30” movers and shakers in media. The magazine noted: “He’s helping Frontline, one of PBS’s blue-chip journalism franchises, reimagine itself for a post-broadcast future. Earlier, he helped build a blog network within Yahoo News.” Current is an editorially independent, nonprofit service of the American University School of Communication. We're funded by your subscriptions, your donations, advertising, and a generous grant from the Wyncote Foundation.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
welcome to fourhman.com I’m Joe Fourhman. I’ve written for the Chicago Tribune, WPMT FOX43, GGS Gamer and Aeropause. Although I’m mainly found at Twitter, this site is still the home for nearly 20 years of fantastically old weblog entries that have been formatted, re-formatted and un-formatted to all heck (archive+search at the bottom of this page.) It might be more interesting to listen to recent episodes of the podcast I’m on, You Like the Worst Stuff. Just below are links to some old fan-sites and print-and-play card games I created, most of which haven’t been touched in years. – Your pal, Joe Fourhman	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
DONATING! Gay Pride Shopping makes sure to empower the LGBTQ+ community by taking action! Visit our store and select a tee of your choice that qualifies so 15% of proceeds from that tee is donated to the nonprofit organization of your choice! At Pride, we give our customers #POWER Read More OUR SHIPPING We’re frequently asked, “Are our products made from outside of the country?” Nope! We’ve removed all our partnerships outside of the U.S to grow stronger within our country to provide reliable 1-3 day shipping services! Nonetheless, all orders over $50 qualify for FREE shipping! Read More WHY US Gay Pride Shopping is all about innovation! Everyday, we make sure to work on state-of-the-art design. Innovation has been the sole purpose of our brand and opening our store. Here with us, you don't even have to be apart of LGBT to wear our apparel. Our mission is all about self-expression! At Pride, our customers experience feel-good shopping. Read More	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Steelheart has been nominated for another regional award, the 2016 Pacific Northwest Library Association Young Readers’ Choice Award, the oldest children’s choice award in the U.S. and Canada. It was established in 1940 by Seattle bookseller Harry Hartman, who believed every student should have an opportunity to select a book that gives him or her pleasure. News organizations are reporting that Carter Blanchard (of the new Independence Day and Glimmer) has been tapped by Fox as the screenwriter for the Steelheart movie adaptation currently under development for Shawn Levy’s 21 Laps. (Shawn Levy is the director/producer of Real Steel and Night at the Museum.) You can read one story at this link. In this week’s Writing Excuses episode, Q&A on Middles, with Marie Brennan, Marie joins us again to help us field your questions about middles. Here are your questions that we collected from social media: How do you maintain interest without having something explode every other chapter? In short fiction, how do you prevent try-fail cycles from bloating the story? How do you prevent the introduction of POVs during the middle of the story from being jarring? How do you keep subplots from turning into side quests? In longer stories, how important are “breather” chapters that ease the tension? Do you have methods for weaving plot and subplot threads together? Do you outline this, or keep it in your head? Last week, in Tor.com’s continuing reread posts for Words of Radiance, Kaladin went out for drinks with the guys and met some decidedly problematic patriots. This week, in Chapter 47, Shallan continues her researches into Urithiru and Lightweaving, with dubious help from Pattern. My assistant Adam has updated the Twitter post archive for July.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
We do not charge re-stocking feesIf you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase return it for a full refund. (Items must be return unused and in their original packaging as shipped by Homeclick.com within 30 days) Free Shipping on orders over $99 delivered Standard Ground There are no shipping charges on orders over $99 delivered via Standard Ground. (not all products are eligible)There is also free shipping on orders over $1,999 that requires Freight Carrier Trucking. Family movie night or friendly gathering, everyone’s included on the Briscoe reclining sectional collection. Classic, casual design executed to perfection. Lean back and take pleasure in knowing the world can wait while you recline.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
The Chargers left tackle saw every snap with the first-team offense as Max Starks watched and waited. To Dunlap's right, Chad Rinehart, Nick Hardwick, Jeromey Clary and D.J. Fluker also worked with the ones, an arrangement that could be San Diego's group come the Sept. 9 season opener against the Texans. While mindful to allow each player the chance to showcase his ability, the coaching staff is eager to declare a starting offensive line. That decision will be a main focal point in the first half of San Diego's camp, and the most uncertainty surrounds the left tackle spot — a competition between Dunlap and Starks — now that the rest of the offensive line seems about set. "The sooner you can declare who your starters are, the better, especially up front on the offensive line," coach Mike McCoy said. "I strongly believe those guys need to play as much together as possible. ... We're going to move guys around and decide which combination is the five best. Ideally, you wish you could say that tomorrow morning: 'These are the five." I can't say that. We're going to let that play itself out." At left guard, Rinehart had a strong spring and appears to have separated himself from 2012 fifth-round draft pick Johnnie Troutman. Rinehart made a smooth transition after signing a one-year deal in March, having worked with Chargers offensive line coaches Joe D'Alessandris and assistant Andrew Dees last year in Buffalo. Hardwick is entrenched at center, and on the right side, guard Clary has been a mentor to rookie tackle Fluker. Building chemistry on the offensive line takes time. "There's a ton of communication," Clary said. "At the beginning, it's super verbal. Then, as you grow together, it becomes less verbal. Lou (Vasquez) and I didn't have to talk much; (he) could just point, and I'd understand what was going on. You want to get the first five out there so they can play together and get all that down as soon as possible." Early in camp, Starks and Dunlap will rotate first-team reps at left tackle and work some on the right side, just as they did in the spring. The player who loses the position battle is expected to serve as the Chargers' swing tackle off the bench. Starks, 31, has more experience on his resume. The 10th-year veteran started 96 career games in Pittsburgh, not including the postseason. Dunlap has 19 career starts. "I think ideally, you want to have your starting unit together at least by the first preseason game or the second preseason game," Starks said. "It's very important. We're the only group on the field that requires five guys to be on the same page, so that chemistry, that cohesion is vital to the success of the offensive line."	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Win Butler and director respond to criticism that the band should have cast a trans actor in their pro-equality video Earlier this month, Arcade Fire released the music video for the track "We Exist", which starred Andrew Garfield as a trans protagonist who shaves her head, dons a wig and finds ultimate redemption and acceptance at an Arcade Fire concert. Against Me! frontwoman Laura Jane Grace – herself a trans woman – was less than impressed that the band hadn't cast a trans actor and called them out on Twitter. Arcade Fire singer Win Butler tackled the criticism in a recent interview and defended their choice of actor. According to Butler, the song was inspired by the band's experience of recording Reflektor in Jamaica and witnessing the notorious homophobia that plagues the island first-hand. "We met some gay Jamaican kids and just kind of talked to them and realized that they were constantly under the threat of violence," he told the Advocate. "I don't personally see the casting as negative, but I can totally see the sensitivity of the issue. For a gay kid in Jamaica to see the actor who played Spider-Man in that role is pretty damn powerful, in my opinion." The video's director, David Wilson, says that he had actually considered casting a trans person, but was convinced to cast Garfield when the actor convinced him of his passion for the concept. "Before I got on the call, I thought, Is this the right person — should we be using a transgender person?" Wilson said. "But then getting on the phone with Andrew, and Andrew's commitment and passion toward the project was just overwhelming. For an actor of that caliber to be that emotionally invested in a music video is just a very special thing." It's worth noting the band hired Our Lady J, a transgender musician, to coach Garfield for the role. Earlier this weekend, she tweeted that neither of them saw the character as a trans woman, only a "young man exploring his gender": Nevertheless, it's a sensitive subject, and one that touches on wider discussions around representation and trans visibility already happening online and in the media. When Jared Leto won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor for his role as a trans woman in Dallas Buyers Club, he faced criticism for taking on a role that some said should have gone to an actual trans actor. In previous tweets, Laura Jane Grace described using straight actors to play trans roles is comparable to "white actors in black face". What do you think – should the band and their director have gone with an actual trans actor instead of the dude from Spider-Man?	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Microsoft Corporation Chief Executive Officer Steve Ballmer speaks during a news conference in Moscow April 20, 2009. REUTERS/Alexander Natruskin (Reuters) - Microsoft Corp is likely to show a new version of its Internet search engine publicly for the first time next week, the Wall Street Journal said, citing people familiar with the matter. The software giant has been testing a new version of the service internally under the name of Kumo.com and it may become part of the firm’s attempt to catch up with Internet search leaders Google Inc and Yahoo Inc. Microsoft has hired JWT, a unit of WPP Plc, to develop an advertising campaign for the product, the paper said, citing people familiar with the matter. The search engine is expected to be unveiled at the “D: All Things Digital” conference. Microsoft was not immediately available for comment.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Replacing Captain Zurel Darillian as the vessel's commander, Hrakness used his skills as a naval captain to help deceive Trigit's forces and masquerade the New Republic forces under Wedge Antilles's command as loyal minions of Zsinj. Hrakness advised Garik Loran, Wedge Antilles, and Myn Donos on the dress and mannerisms associated with stereotypical Agamari to help disguise them for a mission. He also wore a black and silver uniform to simulate the dead Captain Darillian on the bridge of the Night Caller during battle. Hrakness was killed when the Night Caller's bridge was destroyed during the Battle of Talesea, and succeeded as captain of the ship by Atril Tabanne.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Thanksgiving meal grows into major community focus Rick Ultz takes seriously his role of teaching living skills to Burr Oak students. By Rosalie Curriercurrier@sturgisjournal.com Rick Ultz takes seriously his role of teaching living skills to Burr Oak students. Middle school students learn proper food handling procedures and fun items they can cook at home using ingredients nearly everyone has: bread, eggs and milk. But when it comes to Thanksgiving, the middle and high school students learn to make much of it from scratch. This fall, they cut sweet corn off the cob and froze 50 pounds of it, and made five quarts of apple butter. From cucumbers they grew in the garden, they made dill pickles. They cooked winter squash and made batch after batch of squash bread. Closer to the Wednesday before Thanksgiving, students cut up 45 loaves of bread for homemade stuffing and made 72 pies. They cooked turkey, which after it was cut off the bone came to 150 pounds. On Wednesday, they opened the doors and welcomed fellow students, family and community members. “I was planning for 500,” Ultz said. “That’s what we served last year, but we passed that.” And some of the high school students were still waiting in line. For a $2 donation, on diner asked, who would want to pass it up? For him, it was Thanksgiving before Thanksgiving, but that isn’t the case for everyone who attends. “For some, this is the only Thanksgiving meal they get,” Ultz said. For students, it offered real life lessons. Trevor Rowe and John Melo both noticed that it took a lot of team work to feed so many. Chasen Evans liked the fact that they were helping people, while Adrian Gallardo appreciated that he was learning to cook. Brian Saylor learned that cooking is easy and he was a little surprised about that. Anna Woods looked around at the diners and said, “It’s pretty much like a whole town reunion.” And that’s what it has become, Ultz said. When he dreamed up the idea in the late 1990s, it was just for elementary students, then they invited middle school students and finally the whole school. About four years ago, Ultz let students invite parents and grandparents, and more recently it’s open to whoever wants to come. Ultz hasn’t let go of the tradition, despite personal loss. Last year on Monday before the Thanksgiving meal, his wife lost her battle with cancer. This year, his mother passed away on Tuesday night, but with so much prepared and so many expecting it, Ultz never missed a beat. This year, fog on Wednesday morning forced a two-hour school delay. Since the staff didn’t have students, many helped Ultz with last minute details. Several students said they came in at 7 a.m. as planned, even with the delay.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
International Union of Exhibitions and Fairs International Union of Exhibitions and Fairs (IUEF) is an association of the leading exhibition centres and trade show related companies from Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine, Lithuania, Kazakhstan, United Kingdom. It was founded in 1991. External links IUEF website International Art Exhibition Category:Event management Category:International trade associations	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Microfluidic flow fractionation device for label-free isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from breast cancer patients. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are dissociated from primary tumor and circulate in peripheral blood. They are regarded as the genesis of metastasis. Isolation and enumeration of CTCs serve as valuable tools for cancer prognosis and diagnosis. However, the rarity and heterogeneity of CTCs in blood makes it difficult to separate intact CTCs without loss. In this paper, we introduce a parallel multi-orifice flow fractionation (p-MOFF) device in which a series of contraction/expansion microchannels are placed parallel on a chip forming four identical channels. CTCs were continuously isolated from the whole blood of breast cancer patients by hydrodynamic forces and cell size differences. Blood samples from 24 breast cancer patients were analyzed (half were from metastatic breast cancer patients and the rest were from adjuvant breast cancer patients). The number of isolated CTCs varied from 0 to 21 in 7.5 ml of blood. Because our devices do not require any labeling processes (e.g., EpCAM antibody), heterogeneous CTCs can be isolated regardless of EpCAM expression.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Pic: Tim Ireland/PA Wire/Press Association Images HEALTH MINISTER JAMES Reilly has asked his department to examine research around electronic cigarettes because he is not convinced that they are a safe product. Reilly said earlier today that e-cigarettes are not harmless and because they contain nicotine they can have addictive and cardio-vascular effects. E-cigarettes are battery-operated products that turn nicotine into a vapor inhaled by the user. “I am not convinced of [their] safety,” Reilly told the media earlier today. “I don’t like the idea that they are being promoted, particularly on flights. I don’t like that.” Last week, the British regulatory authority said it was to control the sale of such products by classifying them as medicines and making them available over-the-counter. There are no regulations controlling the sale or advertising of e-cigarettes in Ireland. They are widely available in some shops and online but not in pharmacies following the advice of the Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland. Reilly added: “They might be safer than regular tobacco insofar as they don’t have all the other toxins in them but they still, I believe, are not safe. But I want to be on evidence-based ground when I make any possible decision in relation to them.” Meanwhile, the minister also said today that it was his intention to ensure that all hospitals in Ireland are smoke-free by the end of the year both inside buildings and on the grounds of the health facilities. Asked about the possibility of making the grounds of Leinster House smoke-free, Reilly said it was not his decision. “Leinster House is something I can raise at the Cabinet but it is not within my gift to dictate that particular situation,” he said. “But I would agree that Leinster House ought to go that way and show leadership.”	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Obstructive jaundice in small cell lung carcinoma. Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) commonly metastasizes to distant organs. However, metastasis to the pancreas is not a common event. Moreover, obstructive jaundice as a first clinical presentation of SCLC is extremely unusual. This case reports a 51-year-old male with SCLC, manifesting with obstructive jaundice as the initial clinical presentation. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograghy (ERCP) and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed a mass at the head of the pancreas. The patient underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure). Histopathology revealed a chromogranin- A-positive poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas. No imaging study of the lung was performed before surgery. A few months later, a follow-up CT revealed unilateral lung nodules with ipsilateral hilar nodes. A lung biopsy was done and histopathology reported a TTF- 1-positive, chromogranin A-positive, small cell carcinoma of the lung. On review, the pancreatic tumour was also TTF-1-positive. He was then treated with combination chemotherapy (cisplatin, etoposide). These findings highlight that presentation of a mass at the head of pancreas could be a manifestation of a metastatic tumour from elsewhere such as the lung, and thorough investigations should be performed before metastases can be ruled out.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
[Polyarthritis revealing hairy cell leukemia]. A female patient simultaneously developed hematologic evidence of hairy cell leukemia and marked but short-lived inflammatory involvement of a number of joints. Both these groups of symptoms resolved simultaneously and rapidly under alpha-2 interferon therapy. This course suggests that the arthritis was a rheumatologic manifestation of the hematologic disease. The concomitant occurrence in this patient of arthritis, splenomegaly and leukopenia was suggestive of Felty syndrome: these two conditions need to be differentiated.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Shopping in the Golden Quadrilateral Get to Know Milan in 30 seconds Milan is a large city but the architectural jewels are in the center of town and if you are short on time, you can see Milan in a day. Milan is a very ‘walkable’… Continue Reading → TOP TOURS Visit Our Sister Site Milanostyle.com pages contain affiliate links and ads of items we believe to be useful. ABOUT Milanostyle.com provides information on tourism, hotels and shopping, in Milan, Italy. We also share our discoveries in fashion and design from this capital of style. Milanostyle.com is a TravelPostBlog production. This is not the official tourism website for Milan. The Official site for Milan: www.comune.milano.it WORK WITH US Work with us- If you think your product or service would be of interest to the readers on Milanostyle we’d love to hear from you! Lavora con noi!Contact usBecome a contributorContributions by guest bloggers are invited. Click here to become a contributor GET UPDATES By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. more information The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible. If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "OK" below then you are consenting to this. see more information at http://milanostyle.com/milanostyle-com-online-privacy-policy	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
(-28))/4 - (-78)/(-21). Let q(f) = f + 6. Let t(w) = 1. Give hq(m) + ut(m). m + 2 Let t(a) = 11a2 - 25a + 26. Let p(r) = 5r2 - 12r + 12. Determine -13p(q) + 6t(q). q*2 + 6q Let s(d) = 11d2 - 13. Suppose 5t = -3n + 34, -2t - 2n + 57 - 45 = 0. Let q(a) = -17a*2 + 20. Calculate ts(u) + 5q(u). 3u*2 - 4 Let x(d) = 0d3 - d3 + 2d + 113d*2 - 221d*2 - 2 + 110d*2. Let v(q) = -9q*3 + 21q*2 + 21q - 21. Calculate 2v(g) - 21x(g). 3g3 Let y(m) = -5m + 7. Let i(n) = 6n - 9. Let s(r) = -4i(r) - 5y(r). Let k(h) = -4h - 1. Let a(o) = -o - 8. Let d be a(-7). Give dk(f) - 2s(f). 2f - 1 Let o(i) be the second derivative of i4/4 + 79i. Let x(g) = -4g2 - 5g*2 + 4g*2 + 4g*2. What is -o(v) - 6x(v)? 3v2 Let i(m) = -14m*2 - 36m - 135. Let g(z) = -6z2 - 16z - 67. Determine -9g(w) + 4i(w). -2w2 + 63 Let o(q) = -11. Let n(b) = 2b + 47. Give -4n(p) - 18o(p). -8p + 10 Let g(d) = 13d*2 - 2d - 2. Let l(m) be the first derivative of 4m3/3 - m2/2 - m - 401. Give -2g(h) + 7l(h). 2h*2 - 3h - 3 Let d(r) = -73r. Let j(h) = 74h. Determine -3d(x) - 4j(x). -77x Let p(g) = -g - 1. Let x(q) = 4q + 270. Determine 6p(b) + x(b). -2b + 264 Let w(q) be the third derivative of q5/30 - q4/8 + q*3/3 - 106q*2. Let v(b) = 5b*2 - 8b + 6. What is 3v(p) - 8w(p)? -p2 + 2 Let g(i) be the third derivative of i5/30 + i4/8 - i3/3 + 3i2. Let h(d) = 4d*2 + 5d - 3. Suppose 13p - 49 + 10 = 0. Determine ph(a) - 5g(a). 2a*2 + 1 Let o(g) = -6g*3 + 3g - 3. Let n(l) = 2 + 5l3 - 1 - 2l + 1. Suppose 3j - 9j + 18 = 0. What is jn(w) + 2o(w)? 3w3 Let a(l) = 307l - 1 - 153l - 4l*2 - 153l. Let v(h) = -h*2 - 1. What is a(y) - 3v(y)? -y2 + y + 2 Let r(g) = g2 - g - 1. Suppose 3o + 32 + 4 = -4m, -o = 4. Let v = m - -8. Let d(y) = y*2 - 2y - 2. What is vr(k) - d(k)? k2 Let h(l) = l - 3l + 1 + 3l. Let u(w) = w3 + 29w*2 + 138w - 1. Let c be u(-23). Let z(p) = 5 + 3p + 1 - 1. What is cz(v) + 4h(v)? v - 1 Let f(r) = r2 + 1. Let b(o) = -o2 + 6o + 1. Let w(j) = 11j2 - 34j - 2. Let m(p) = 6b(p) + w(p). Give 3f(h) - m(h). -2h2 - 2h - 1 Let w(x) = -7x2 + 5x. Let f(d) = -4d2 + 3d. Suppose 0 = 7j - 143 + 17. Suppose -44i = -38i + j. Calculate iw(l) + 5f(l). l2 Let u(a) = 7a*2 + 6a. Let s(r) = r*3 - 14r*2 - 10r + 1. Calculate -3s(i) - 5u(i). -3i3 + 7i*2 - 3 Let i(j) = 823244j*3 - 2229j*2 + 2229. Let z(h) = 739h*3 - 2h*2 + 2. Determine 2i(f) - 2229z(f). -743f*3 Let x(r) = -2r*3 - 13r*2 - 8r + 5. Let k(p) = -6p3 - 39p*2 - 23p + 15. Calculate 4k(g) - 11x(g). -2g3 - 13g*2 - 4g + 5 Let l(y) = -y*2 - 1. Let v(p) = -16p*2 + p - 2. Determine -4l(n) + v(n). -12n2 + n + 2 Let q be ((-3)/2)/(2/(-4)). Let m(x) = 4122 + 9x*2 - 4122 + 11x. Let c(r) = -5r2 - 6r. What is qm(a) + 5c(a)? 2a2 + 3a Let k(p) = -2p - 1. Let u(r) = 46r - 2. Give 3k(j) - u(j). -52j - 1 Let q(j) = -36j2 + 9. Let u(o) be the second derivative of -3o4/4 + o2 + o + 23. Determine -2q(a) + 9u(a). -9a2 Let s(u) = 29u + 188. Let k(x) = -5x + 1. Determine 6k(y) + s(y). -y + 194 Let v(z) = -4z2 + 2z. Suppose -10 = -31c + 41c. Let k(n) = n*2 + n. Calculate cv(q) + 2k(q). 6q*2 Let p(g) = -8g*2 + 5g + 18. Let x(d) = -7d2 + 4d + 19. Give 4p(j) - 5x(j). 3j2 - 23 Suppose 9i + 60 = -3i. Let c(x) = 15x*3 - 9x - 5. Let s(n) = -22n3 + 13n + 7. Determine is(p) - 7c(p). 5p3 - 2p Let c(l) = -6l3 - 8l*2 - 4l - 33. Let d(t) = 5t3 + 6t*2 + 3t + 33. What is -3c(n) - 4d(n)? -2n3 - 33 Let i be (-4)/6 - (-16)/6. Let n(u) = i - 5u*3 + 3u*3 + 2u - 5. Let q(w) = 3 - 4 + 81w3 - 82w*3 - 419w + 420w. Give n(m) - 3q(m). m*3 - m Let w(f) be the third derivative of 0 + 1/3f*3 + 7/24f*4 + 0f - 15f2 + 1/15f*5. Let i(u) = 3u*2 + 5u + 1. Determine 7i(v) - 5w(v). v*2 - 3 Let q(a) = -12 + 6a + 9a + 3 - 2a. Let f(t) be the second derivative of t3/2 - t2 - 4t. Let k be (27/(-6))/((-1)/(-2)). Determine kf(n) + 2q(n). -n Let c(x) = -2x*2 + 5x - 2. Suppose 0 = -277l + 276l + 4. Let a(i) = -2i2 + 6i - 3. Determine la(w) - 5c(w). 2w2 - w - 2 Suppose 13 = 2k + 17. Let n(r) = -1. Let o(m) = m + 4. Give ko(z) - 7n(z). -2z - 1 Let o(g) = -4g*2 + 5g*2 - g - 78 + 77. Let r(d) = 38d + 5d2 - 4d*2 - 4 - 42d. Calculate 2o(f) - r(f). f2 + 2f + 2 Let j(x) be the third derivative of x5/15 - x4/6 + 2x3/3 - 700x2. Let y(b) = -b2 + b - 1. Determine j(g) + 5y(g). -g2 + g - 1 Let g(t) = t3 - t2 + t. Suppose 23q + 3 = -20. Let y(m) = -m*3 - 2m*2 + 2m. Give qy(r) + 2g(r). 3r3 Let v(o) be the third derivative of -7o4/24 + o3/3 - 14o2 + 21o. Let t(f) = -7f + 2. What is -4t(j) + 3v(j)? 7j - 2 Let a(z) = z*2 - z. Let u(w) = -8w + 7w - 3w*2 - w + 3w + 2w. What is 5a(v) + 2u(v)? -v2 + v Let c(g) = -6g*2 + 11g*2 - 8 - 4g*2. Let v(h) be the first derivative of -h - 3. Suppose 42 = 5a + 12. What is av(x) - c(x)? -x2 + 2 Let s(m) = 2m - 5. Let y(u) = -18u + 29. Calculate -6s(h) - y(h). 6h + 1 Let u(z) = -4z*2 + 4z. Let k(c) = -4c2 + 5c. Let t = 304 - 309. What is tu(h) + 4k(h)? 4h2 Let m(q) = 29q. Let z(x) = -18x. Let o(u) = -5m(u) - 8z(u). Let n(d) = 2d*2 + 5d. What is n(l) + 2o(l)? 2l*2 + 3l Let n(c) = -3c3 + 13c*2 + 4c. Let g(i) = -6i3 + 25i*2 + 7i. Determine 3g(u) - 5n(u). -3u3 + 10u*2 + u Let s(c) = -268c - 28. Let w(g) = -269g - 33. What is 6s(o) - 5w(o)? -263o - 3 Let k(i) be the first derivative of -4i3/3 - 5i + 2. Let r(q) be the first derivative of -4q3 - 14q + 252. Determine -14k(l) + 5r(l). -4l2 Suppose 3s = 2u - 12, u + 3s = 2u - 9. Let q(j) = j3 + 2. Let m(z) = -3z - 1. Let l be m(-1). Let k(c) = -c*2 - 2. Give lq(v) + uk(v). 2v*3 - 3v2 - 2 Let g(m) = m2 + 7m - 17. Let t(c) = -c. Determine -g(s) - 6t(s). -s*2 - s + 17 Let t(w) = 8w*2 + 21w + 4. Let l(x) = -19x2 - 43x - 8. Determine -2l(b) - 5t(b). -2b2 - 19b - 4 Let o(z) = -4z - 6. Suppose 1 = r + 2g, -g + 1 = r + 4. Let q(b) be the first derivative of 9b2/2 + 13b + 795. Give ro(m) - 3q(m). m + 3 Let u(b) = b*2 + b - 1. Let g be 22/18 - 22/99. Let l(r) = -3r*2 - 4r + 4. Give gl(v) + 4u(v). v*2 Let d(a) be the first derivative of -15a*4/4 - 25a*3/3 - 25a*2/2 + 25a + 17. Let c(k) = -4k3 - 6k*2 - 6k + 6. Give -25c(f) + 6d(f). 10f3 Let t(h) = -4h*3 - 7h*2 + 7h + 7. Let b(u) = -u*2 + u + 1. Let y = 47 - 33. Calculate yb(q) - 2t(q). 8q*3 Let o(g) = 3g + 3. Let k(h) be the third derivative of -h6/120 - h4/12 - h3/3 - h2. Let c = 126 - 119. Suppose -c = -n - 5. Give no(z) + 3k(z). -3z3 Let g(m) = -140m*3 - 85m + 85. Let j(i) = 5i3 + 3i - 3. Let h be (-52)/10 + 156/(-195). Calculate hg(o) - 170j(o). -10o3 Let m(z) = 6z*2 - 2z + 2. Let f(a) = a - 1. Suppose -111k = -109k + 4. What is km(g) - 4f(g)? -12g2 Let b(n) = -17n - 57. Let p be b(-4). Let z(s) = 26s - 5. Let v(i) = -5i + 1. Determine pv(a) + 2z(a). -3a + 1 Let j(y) = 6y + 2. Let n(d) be the third derivative of -d*7/5040 - 19d*5/60 + 21d*2. Let p(w) be the third derivative of n(w). Determine j(o) + 5p(o). o + 2 Suppose j = 2x + 4, 0 = -5x + 2x - 2j - 20. Let z(t) = -t. Let m(u) = 17u. What is xz(v) - m(v)? -13v Let i(z) = 3z*3 - 6z2 - 1. Let v(y) = -y3 + y. Determine i(h) + 2v(h). h3 - 6h*2 + 2h - 1 Let b(w) = 3w2 + 3w. Let u(z) = 2z2 + 2z. Determine 4b(d) - 5u(d). 2d2 + 2d Let c(f) = -f + 663. Let b(o) = 4o - 1981. What is 2b(i) + 7c(i)? i + 679 Let m(a) be the first derivative of -a - 59. Let g(z) = -3z + 9. What is g(w) + 9m(w)? -3w Let k(w) = w*3 - 16w*2 + 13w + 9. Let x be k(15). Let j be (-6)/2 - (1/1 - 1). Let b(p) = p - 3 + 3. Let v(a) = -8a. Give jv(l) + xb(l). 3l Let h(y) = -y*2 - 10y + 22y - 9y + 3. Let q(a) = -4a2 + 10a + 10. What is -20h(o) + 6q(o)? -4o2 Let l(g) = -8g*2 - 6. Let a(s) be the first derivative of -7s*3/3 - 5s - 273. Determine 6a(d) - 5l(d). -2d2 Let z(f) = -f*2 + f - 1. Let o(x) =	{ "pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics" }
'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1535,420,1567,442) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1572,418,1601,446) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1549,423,1586,448) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1764,404,1920,463) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1933,404,2045,468) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1257,420,1294,456) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1269,411,1327,453) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(1296,390,1435,464) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(591,425,696,501) 'label':'car' 'bounding box':(72,414,266,448) 'label':'person' 'bounding box':(-2,497,122,777) 'label':'person' 'bounding box':(497,261,666,865) 'label':'person' 'bounding box':(333,177,730,928) 'label':'person' 'bounding box':(867,187,1176,1023) 'label':'person' 'bounding box':(661,108,1107,1022) 'label':'person' 'bounding box':(1943,649,2045,834) 'label':'person' 'bounding box':(1368,248,1569,815)	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
A community garden brings residents together for more than just vegetables. Jeff Niesel Avon Lake A layer of black topsoil lies waiting in anticipation. The half-acre near Avon Lake's Troy Intermediate School will be home to a 130-plot community garden filled with radishes, carrots, tomatoes and other vegetables by summer. Wood chips will be spread out to form winding walkways through the garden, while raised plots will be handicapped accessible. A 7-foot fence will keep out deer and other animals. All these details are important to community garden co-chairman Dale Cracas and the others who have been working for years to bring this idea of a community garden to fruition. "My wife and I have had a garden for most of our married life," says Cracas, who moved to Avon Lake for a teaching job in 1970. "I used to make my own bread-and-butter pickles. But you can't keep the deer out of your backyard, so the community garden will enable us to [do that]." Forty years ago, Avon Lake still had grape vineyards growing next to football fields and several large farms growing corn and soybeans. There was also an orchard, but that is long gone. While the housing tracts and golf courses have absorbed most of the farms, Avon Lake still appeals to outdoor enthusiasts with its 14 parks, lake access with fishing pier and boat launch, and a 2-year-old, $4.2 million aquatic center with two giant water slides, diving boards, a spray ground and lazy river. Cracas, who spends two to three hours each day working on the garden, says it's for more than those with a green thumb. He hopes to donate some of the fruits of his labor to the local community resource center to help feed the needy. Several of the 4-by-12-foot plots, which sold for $25, have been reserved for the highly rated Avon Lake schools to use for hands-on learning and to raise food for the cafeteria. Then Cracas points across the garden to a grove of trees. "We could put in picnic tables and barbecues over there," he says. "It's just one of those things where you don't just go to the community garden to garden. It's a social thing, too." Neighborhood Hot Spot "It's a very family-friendly neighborhood and has a combination of single-family homes and condos," says Howard Hanna's Bev Montgomery of the Regetta Drive and Anchors Weigh neighborhood. "They have tennis courts and a pool, so it's a very active and fun community." What You Get Anchors weigh Asking price: $499,900 Selling price: $430,000 Square feet: 3,456 No. of bedrooms: 4 No. of bathrooms: 4 Time on the market: 58 days Expand Your Search Good neighbor:Avon has seen an explosion of retail and housing development in the past 15 years with the addition of Avon Commons and the Highland Park and Red Tail developments. The economic growth has helped the city — about 85 percent of city services are paid for by people who work but don't live in Avon. With newer housing options and businesses such as a Cleveland Clinic facility that opened last winter, the new Interstate 90 interchange at Nagle Road will streamline traffic along state Route 83. "That's a real positive, because it gets kind of crowded over there," says Mayor James Smith. Like-Minded city: In a town where 80 percent the homes lie in a National Register Historic District, Shaker Heights is in touch with its roots. The 100-year-old suburb recently received $90,000 from the Neighborhood Stabilization Program to turn a vacant lot, where a deteriorating house once stood, into an orchard of apple and cherry trees. It's fitting for a community that was developed by the Van Sweringen brothers as Ohio's first garden-styled suburb. "It's a large corner that's an entry to the [Lomond] neighborhood," says planning director Joyce Braverman. "Already people can use it, and it's really greened up the corner."	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
John Smyth (1748–1811) John Smyth (1748–1811) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1783 to 1807. Early life Smyth was the son of John Smyth of Heath Hall, Yorkshire and his wife Bridget Foxley, daughter of Benjamin Foxley of London. He was educated at Westminster School and was admitted at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1766. He married in 1778 Lady Georgiana, eldest daughter of Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton. Political career Smyth served in Parliament as Member of Parliament for Pontefract from 1783 to 1807. He was a Lord of the Admiralty, from 1791 to 1794, and a Lord of the Treasury, from 1794 1802. He was Master of the Mint from 1802 to 1804, and a Commissioner of the Board of Trade in 1805. Later life and legacy Smyth died 12 February 1811 in London. He and his wife Georgiana had four sons and two daughters. John Henry Smyth, of Heath Hall (1780-1822), member of parliament for Cambridge, whose children were John George Smyth, of Heath Hall, the father of Diana Elizabeth Smyth, who married Henry Lascelles, 4th Earl of Harewood (1824-1892) and was mother of Edwin Harry Lascelles (1861-1924) Daniel Harry Lascelles (1862-1904) George Algernon Lascelles (1865-1932), who married Mabel Caroline Elcocke Massey (died 1951) and was the father of Sybil Mary Lascelles (1907-1981), who married Humphrey Bradshaw Mellor Wright (1907-1997) William Horace Lascelles (1868-1949), who married Madeline Barton (died 1950) and was the father of Mary Madge Lascelles (1900-1995) Sir Daniel William Lascelles (1902-1967) Pamela Diana Lascelles (1902-1988) Susan Olivia Lascelles (1907-1995) John Edward Lascelles (1911-1955) Francis John Lascelles (1871-1925), who married Gertie Stradling, the father of Norah Gertrude Lascelles (1906-1972) Eric James Lascelles (1873-1901) Lady Susan Elizabeth Lascelles (1860-1925), who married Francis Richard Sutton Lady Mary Lascelles (1877-1930), who married Robert Wentworth Doyne and was the mother of Robert Harry Doyne (1899-1965), who married first Verena Seymour and second (1947) Nancy Butler anc was the father of Patrick Robert Doyne (born 1936) Diana Victoria Mary Doyne (born 1933), who married Robert Stephen Laurie Bridget Cecilia Doyne (1949-2013) Elizabeth Sarah Smyth, married Abraham Robarts, the mother of Abraham John Robarts (1838-1926), who married Edith Barrington and was the father of Mary Edith Robarts (1870-1948), who married John Abdy Combe (1863-1929) John Robarts (1872-1954), who married Margaret Georgina Louisa Cholmeley (1875-1967) Gerald Robarts (1878-1961), who married Florence Fletcher and was the father of David John Robarts (1906-1989), chairman of the National Provincial Bank, married with children Anthony Vere Cyprian Robarts (1910-1982), married Grizel Mary Grant (1914-2004) with children Peter Gerald Robarts (1915-1951) References Category:1748 births Category:1811 deaths Category:Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies Category:British MPs 1780–1784 Category:British MPs 1784–1790 Category:British MPs 1790–1796 Category:British MPs 1796–1800 Category:Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies Category:UK MPs 1801–1802 Category:UK MPs 1802–1806 Category:UK MPs 1806–1807 Category:People educated at Westminster School, London Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Category:Lords of the Admiralty Category:Masters of the Mint Category:People from Pontefract	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
web file photos - Cumberland Co. CCH_2382.jpg Cumberland County Courthouse, Bridgeton (File Photo) Bail reform and the need for a more modern facility to house inmates have prompted several counties to jointly examine the idea of creating a regional jail in South Jersey. Five counties -- Atlantic, Burlington, Camden, Cumberland and Gloucester -- have joined together to take part in a 10- to 12-month study to assess the feasibility of a regional jail somewhere in South Jersey. County officials would not speculate on any potential locations. With a 4-to-1 vote Tuesday night, the Cumberland County Board of Chosen Freeholders approved a resolution to join the four other counties in the study. "Our jail is very antiquated, and I think a more modern jail is a good idea," Freeholder Tom Sheppard said Tuesday night. Officials said the counties will contribute roughly $160,000 toward the study, which will be billed by Burlington County as invoices for the work conducted. Those funds will go toward a Trenton-based architectural firm/consulting agency -- Vaughn Collaborative -- which will begin the process by bringing stakeholders in each county together to examine their needs, officials said. Cumberland County Freeholder Director Joe Derella said Tuesday night that Vaughn Collaborative will bring back its findings and recommendations for the counties to review and consider further options. Eric Arpert, spokesman for Burlington County, said Wednesday that the condition of the Burlington County Jail is also among the reasons it is pursuing the regional jail idea. "All five counties, we are all facing similar concerns," Arpert said. "We have an aging jail, and we are (looking) at what are the best and most cost efficient ways of running a jail. We are hoping the study gives us more options, innovative ways ... that's what the study is all about." Camden County spokesman Dan Keashen said, "a modern facility would be ideal to service the inmate population." He also said bail reform is a primary factor in the county's decision to get involved. This past June, legislation was approved by the state Assembly Judiciary Committee to reform bail in New Jersey. According to the legislation on bail reform, rather than the release of an inmate based on a determined amount of money, release would be based on the level of risk to the public and ability to show up for court hearings, previous reports said. The measure will not officially go into effect until 2017. Atlantic County Administrator Gerald DelRosso said bail reform is central to Atlantic County's decision to get involved in the study. DelRosso said the Atlantic County Jail once had nearly 1,200 inmates, but today houses only about 750 on average. He said bail reform has vastly contributed to the reduction of inmates at the Atlantic County Jail, and said the county is interested in knowing more about how bail reform will affect its jail before officially taking effect. "Our jail population is ... down roughly 400 people in the jail," DelRosso said. "Other things could happen; could we take inmates from other locations, make some revenue, could we close part of (our) jail down ... those are things we have to look at." Cumberland County officials on Tuesday said they were surprised that Salem County chose not to participate in the study. However, it appears Salem County has separate plans that include expanding its county jail in the future. Salem County Freeholder Dale Cross, a Republican, said on Tuesday that Salem County is content with its current agreement with Gloucester County to house Gloucester County inmates at the Salem County Correctional Facility, in Mannington, which took effect on June 1, 2013. At that time, Salem and Cumberland entered into a shared services agreement with Gloucester County to bring Gloucester County's inmates into both county jails for a fee. In May 2014, the Salem County Board of Chosen Freeholders voted to authorize a 10-year extension of the contract it currently has with Gloucester County. That contract appears to be ironclad, Gloucester County officials said. As for Gloucester County, though it is no longer housing inmates at its jail, officials said it is exploring all options to see if there are any additional savings in the future. "Gloucester County is out of the jail business," said Gloucester County spokeswoman Debra Sellitto. "However, we are keenly interested in the success of any regionalization with regards to corrections." She added: "As leaders, in regionalization, it is in the county's best interest to explore all options and this study is a great opportunity for Gloucester County to find if there are further savings down the line. We will continue to send inmates from the county to all of the correctional facilities that we have contracts with. If down the line it makes sense for us to change our options, then we will explore that at the appropriate time." --- Spencer Kent may be reached at skent@southjerseymedia.com. Follow him on Twitter @SpencerMKent. Find the South Jersey Times on Facebook.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
We're just about two months away from the release of EA Sports UFC 2, which is shaping up to be the most comprehensive UFC video game to date. MMA Junkie's Mike Bohn reported last month that 250 playable fighters would be in the game, including none other than CM Punk, whose actual UFC/MMA debut hasn't even happened yet. In case you're wondering what the former WWE star looks like, here's a tweet from EA Sports UFC 2. There's a finish waiting every fight. How you find it, is up to you. #EASPORTSUFC2 pic.twitter.com/2qJJjCECb2 — EA SPORTS UFC (@EASPORTSUFC) January 11, 2016 According to Mike Bohn, CM Punk's overall rating is an 85/100. Yes, that is despite not having any pro fighting experience whatsoever. For context, assuming EA Sports hasn't changed its ratings system from the last game, an 85 rating puts him on the level of Martin Kampmann or Francis Carmont, and above 84-rated Pat Barry. Mark Hunt and Ross Pearson are both 86. The basic criteria include striking, grappling, and submissions, and then additional attributes within those three groupings. And here's how CM Punk responded to those who have questioned both his inclusion in the game, as well as his rating: Not since Samus Aran was revealed to be a woman have dummies been this butt hurt about a video game. — Coach (@CMPunk) January 11, 2016 EA Sports UFC 2 is scheduled to hit stores on March 15th.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Those Super Bowl fans in the District of Columbia and surrounding areas have options when to comes looking for a great spot to watch the Denver Broncos and the Seattle Seahawks battle it out for the coveted trophy and Super Bowl Championship rings, as well as the highly anticipated halftime performance by Bruno Mars and the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Bruno Mars/Instagram Starting at 3 p.m. ET on Sunday, Feb. 2, fans can grab a great spot on the Jack Rose Dining Saloon terrace (2007 18th St. NW). The party runs through 8:00 p.m. Indulge in $5 beers and $5 Whiskey during the Super Beer Bowl special featuring the finest D.C. has to offer. Chili lovers can watch the Chili Peppers with Mars during halftime and savor Jack Rose’s Super "Chili" Bowl fete offerings. Fans could score complimentary bowls of Chili and Corn Bread. And when it comes to cheering on the teams, the heated rooftop terrace is the perfect “three jumbo flat-screen TV” location. Another great spot for an upscale viewing experience in the District is Vinoteca at 1940 11th St NW. Washington DC. Score classy wine deals at just $5 per glass and great food, including exquisite cuisine. The Super Bowl 2014 viewing party kicks off at 5 p.m. The Broncos and Seahawks square off with kickoff at 6.30 p.m. ET at MetLife stadium in New Jersey. Share this article MiMi Dabo is an attorney, accountant, lifestyle and fashion blogger, stylist and designer. MiMi is also the owner of the online fashion boutique, Boutique Mix. MiMi enjoys reading and writing about fashion and natural beauty, and in her spare time loves to cook, travel, spend quality family time, raise funds for children's charities and do DIY crafting and sewing projects. boutique-mix@hotmail.com	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
I don't always read long paragraph jokes on reddit but when i do, they are usually not very funny 292 shares	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Guddi Devi said she did this to draw attention to the pathetic sanitation situation. (Representational) Congress councillor Guddi Devi on Monday chose a bizarre way to protest as she dumped trash in front of the offices of the north corporation's mayor and commissioner, alleging poor sanitation condition in her ward. The Malka Ganj ward councillor deposited dry waste in front of North Delhi Mayor Avtar Singh's office soon after the NDMC House was adjourned for the day in the wake of the death of a councillor. She then put garbage right outside the door of the office of NDMC Commissioner Varsha Joshi. Varsha Joshi came out of her office after hearing the commotion and ordered that the area be cleaned. Guddi Devi told reporters at the Civic Centre, "I did this protest to draw attention to the pathetic sanitation situation in my ward". "I had gone to a child's funeral and the bereaved family was sitting next to a mound of filth," she alleged. "If in my ward, people can live alongside garbage, these big officials should also know what it means to live that life," Devi said. She claimed that she had raised the issue in the NDMC House too but authorities did not pay a heed. "Number of sanitation workers in my ward has also been reduced," she alleged. North Delhi Mayor Avtar Singh, when contacted, said, he would look into the case raised by Devi. "My doors are always open to councillors and the common man. But, this was not a proper way to raise a issue. She could have come and met me, and told the issue, as I am not aware of it," he said. "I will speak to Devi and also discuss the issue she had raised with the municipal commissioner," the mayor said.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Clarence Page: President sounds like a racist I love us Americans. When we're not arguing about politics, we argue about people who are arguing about politics. I woke up recently to a Twitterstorm from President Donald Trump, whom I follow so you don't have to. After firing away at such obligatory topics as the Islamic State, North Korea's nukes and what he called "another attack in London by a loser terrorist," he got to something really important. He slammed ESPN for allowing SportsCenter anchor Jemele Hill to be mean to him. "ESPN is paying a really big price for its politics (and bad programming). People are dumping it in RECORD numbers. Apologize for untruth!" Oh, boo hoo! That's our Donald. When a news company fails to show enough appreciation for his wonderfulness, well, they just must be "failing" (his favorite label for The New York Times or "lying" (CNN). For a commander-in-chief who constantly gripes about "politically correct" liberals, Trump's inner snowflake -- a mocking conservative label for people perceived to be overly sensitive and fragile -- is on a hair trigger, even when he would be better served by his own silence. Earlier in the week, Hill apologized for a series of Monday tweets in which she called the president a "white supremacist" who has largely surrounded himself with other white supremacists. She did not retract her sentiments, which were tweeted on her own time and Twitter account, but she did say she was sorry that her comments "painted ESPN in an unfair light." For the record, I don't call President Trump a white supremacist. I agree with humorist Andy Borowitz' line in The New Yorker: "No one has done more than Trump to prove white people are not superior." The dust-up was in danger of dying out when White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders brought it back to life. Responding to a reporter's question in Wednesday's press briefing, she said Hill's criticism of the president should be "a fireable offense by ESPN." That triggered a response from, among others, the Democratic Coalition, an anti-Trump super PAC that filed an ethics complaint against Sanders with the Office of Government Ethics for essentially calling for Hill to be fired. Too bad. As a spokesperson for Trump, she was probably just doing her job. Unfortunately, her boss is not a model of restraint. Another backlash erupted in conservative media, accusing ESPN of a double standard. The network fired former Boston Red Sox pitcher Curt Schilling last year after tweeting a vulgar Internet meme against pro-transgender bathroom policies. A lot of Schilling's defenders fail to mention that he was a repeat offender, despite having been repeatedly warned to obey the network's rules on discussing politics. Hill had never been disciplined except for a 2008 suspension when she was an ESPN columnist -- for a joke that compared rooting for the Boston Celtics to rooting for Adolf Hitler. Note to fellow commentators: To avoid being misunderstood, avoid using Hitler's name to refer to anybody but Hitler. Ironically, Trump was being called a white supremacist at a time when he was making public gestures of racial outreach. In the wake of his equivocal reaction to white supremacist protests that left one woman dead in Charlottesville, Va., last month, Trump invited Tim Scott, the Senate's only black Republican, to show his commitment to "positive race relations," as his staff described the meeting. Scott, like many others (including me), had expressed disgust with Trump's insistence that "both sides," racists and anti-racist protesters, were responsible for the violence that followed a torchlight protest against the removal of a statue of Robert E. Lee. When a reporter asked the senator after that meeting if the president had expressed regret, Scott paused and replied without glee, "He certainly tried to explain what he was trying to convey." I'm sure. While allowing that there were "some antagonists" on the anti-racist side, Scott argued that they were far from the moral equivalent of "white supremacists, white nationalists, KKK, Nazis" and other hate groups "who over three centuries of this country's history have made it their mission to create upheaval in minority communities as their reason for existence." Unfortunately this president has been loath to do what his predecessors in both parties have done: declare clearly and forthrightly that he does not want the votes of those who support him for racist reasons. At least, after his meeting with Scott, he did sign a resolution that Congress had passed that condemns white supremacists and hate groups. That's a healthy sign. Whether the president views himself as a racist or not, he needs to avoid sounding like one. (E-mail Clarence Page at cpage@chicagotribune.com.) CLOSE To express a viewpoint or to comment on an issue of general interest, simply follow these instructions Wochit	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Daily Prompt: Feed Your Senses – A Nonnet Write down the first sight, sound, smell, and sensation you experienced on waking up today. Pick the one you’re most drawn to, and write. First thing in the morning I see you sleeping, tossing by my side, not wishing to wake just yet, to steal dreams before their time. Tousled hair, sweet smile I look at you and know that you are mine. *A nonet is a nine line poem. The first line containing nine syllables, the next line has eight syllables, the next line has seven syllables. That continues until the last line (the ninth line) which has one syllable. Nonets can be written about any subject. Rhyming is optional.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
/** * Copyright 2011-2019 Asakusa Framework Team. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. / package com.asakusafw.testdriver; import java.io.File; import java.net.URISyntaxException; import java.text.MessageFormat; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.function.UnaryOperator; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.DataModelSinkFactory; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.DataModelSource; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.DataModelSourceFactory; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.DifferenceSinkFactory; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.ModelTester; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.ModelVerifier; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.TestDataToolProvider; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.TestRule; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.VerifierFactory; import com.asakusafw.testdriver.core.VerifyRuleFactory; /* * An abstract super class of test driver outputs. * @since 0.2.0 * @version 0.7.0 * @param <T> the data model type / public class DriverOutputBase<T> extends DriverInputBase<T> { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DriverOutputBase.class); private VerifierFactory verifier; private DataModelSinkFactory resultSink; private DifferenceSinkFactory differenceSink; private UnaryOperator<DataModelSource> resultFilter; /* * Creates a new instance. * @param callerClass the current context class * @param testTools the test data tools * @param name the original input name * @param modelType the data model type * @since 0.6.0 / public DriverOutputBase(Class<?> callerClass, TestDataToolProvider testTools, String name, Class<T> modelType) { super(callerClass, testTools, name, modelType); } /* * Returns the verifier. * @return the verifier, or {@code null} if not defined * @since 0.2.3 / public VerifierFactory getVerifier() { if (verifier == null) { return null; } else if (resultFilter == null) { return verifier; } else { return toVerifierFactory(verifier, resultFilter); } } /* * Sets the verify rule for this output. * @param verifier the verifier to set, or {@code null} to clear verifier * @since 0.2.3 / protected final void setVerifier(VerifierFactory verifier) { if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) { LOG.debug("Verifier: name={}, model={}, verifier={}", new Object[] { //$NON-NLS-1$ getName(), getModelType().getName(), verifier, }); } this.verifier = verifier; } /* * Returns the result data sink for this output. * @return the result data sink, or {@code null} if not defined * @since 0.2.3 / public DataModelSinkFactory getResultSink() { return resultSink; } /* * Sets the result data sink for this output. * The specified object will save the actual result of this. * @param resultSink the result data sink to set, or {@code null} to clear the sink * @since 0.2.3 / protected final void setResultSink(DataModelSinkFactory resultSink) { if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) { LOG.debug("ResultSink: name={}, model={}, sink={}", new Object[] { //$NON-NLS-1$ getName(), getModelType().getName(), resultSink, }); } this.resultSink = resultSink; } /* * Returns the difference information sink for this output. * @return the difference information sink, or {@code null} if not defined * @since 0.2.3 / public DifferenceSinkFactory getDifferenceSink() { return differenceSink; } /* * Sets the difference information sink for this output. * The specified object will save the difference from expected result of this. * @param differenceSink the difference sink to set, {@code null} to clear the sink * @since 0.2.3 / protected final void setDifferenceSink(DifferenceSinkFactory differenceSink) { if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) { LOG.debug("DifferenceSink: name={}, model={}, sink={}", new Object[] { //$NON-NLS-1$ getName(), getModelType().getName(), differenceSink, }); } this.differenceSink = differenceSink; } /* * Sets the data model source filter for actual results of this output. * @param filter the source filter * @since 0.7.0 / protected final void setResultFilter(UnaryOperator<DataModelSource> filter) { this.resultFilter = filter; } /* * Converts an output path to {@link DataModelSinkFactory} to write to the path. * @param path the output path * @return the target sink factory * @since 0.6.0 / protected final DataModelSinkFactory toDataModelSinkFactory(String path) { return getTestTools().getDataModelSinkFactory(toOutputUri(path)); } /* * Converts an output path to {@link DataModelSinkFactory} to write to the path. * @param path the output path * @return the target sink factory * @since 0.6.0 / protected final DataModelSinkFactory toDataModelSinkFactory(File path) { return getTestTools().getDataModelSinkFactory(path.toURI()); } /* * Converts an output path to {@link DifferenceSinkFactory} to write to the path. * @param path the output path * @return the target sink factory * @since 0.6.0 / protected final DifferenceSinkFactory toDifferenceSinkFactory(String path) { return getTestTools().getDifferenceSinkFactory(toOutputUri(path)); } /* * Converts an output path to {@link DifferenceSinkFactory} to write to the path. * @param path the output path * @return the target sink factory * @since 0.6.0 / protected final DifferenceSinkFactory toDifferenceSinkFactory(File path) { return getTestTools().getDifferenceSinkFactory(path.toURI()); } /* * Converts {@link ModelVerifier} into {@link VerifyRuleFactory}. * @param rulePath the path which represents the verification rule description * @param extraRules the extra verification rules * @return the equivalent {@link VerifyRuleFactory} * @since 0.6.0 / protected final VerifyRuleFactory toVerifyRuleFactory( String rulePath, List<? extends ModelTester<? super T>> extraRules) { try { TestDataToolProvider tools = getTestTools(); List<TestRule> fragments = new ArrayList<>(); for (ModelTester<? super T> tester : extraRules) { fragments.add(tools.toVerifyRuleFragment(getDataModelDefinition(), tester)); } return tools.getVerifyRuleFactory(toUri(rulePath), fragments); } catch (URISyntaxException e) { throw new IllegalStateException(MessageFormat.format( "Invalid rule path: {0}", //$NON-NLS-1$ rulePath), e); } } /* * Converts {@link ModelVerifier} into {@link VerifyRuleFactory}. * @param modelVerifier the original verifier * @return the equivalent {@link VerifyRuleFactory} * @since 0.6.0 / protected final VerifyRuleFactory toVerifyRuleFactory(ModelVerifier<? super T> modelVerifier) { return getTestTools().toVerifyRuleFactory(getDataModelDefinition(), modelVerifier); } /* * Converts a pair of expected data set factory and verify rule factory into {@link VerifyRuleFactory}. * @param expectedFactory the expected data set factory * @param ruleFactory the verification rule factory * @return the {@link VerifierFactory} which provides a verifier using the expected data set and verification rule * @since 0.6.0 */ protected final VerifierFactory toVerifierFactory( DataModelSourceFactory expectedFactory, VerifyRuleFactory ruleFactory) { return getTestTools().toVerifierFactory(expectedFactory, ruleFactory); } }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
And seeing how far one could go in computing pi’s digits has been something of a sport itself among mathematicians, dating at least as far back as Archimedes. After centuries of computing pi by hand, John Wrench and Levi Smith achieved a breakthrough in 1948, calculating pi to 1,120 decimal digits using a gear-driven calculator. When electronic computers came along, the numbers got longer, and earlier this month, the bar was raised again. Alexander Yee and Shigeru Kondo, an American computer science student and a Japanese systems engineer, reported on the site Numberworld that they had achieved a new world record, computing pi to 5 trillion digits on a single desktop PC. And this was no ordinary desktop PC. It was a machine built by Kondo with a 3.33 GHz 2 x Xeon X5680 processor (12 physical cores, 24 hyperthreaded), 96G of DDR3 RAM and three hard drives. It was running Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise x64. Yee wrote that their goal was to test the limits of hardware as much as it was to compute pi. Even with all that power, the computation took 90 days. When they were finished, the compressed output of decimal and hexadecimal digits took up 3.8T, they reported. Computing to that many digits might not have a lot of practical applications — you’d need a mere 39 digits of pi to make a circle the size of the observable universe accurate to within one hydrogen atom, according to the Wikipedia entry on pi – but it’s the sport that counts. How often does anyone get to chase the infinite? About the Author Kevin McCaney is editor of Defense Systems. Follow him on Twitter: @KevinMcCaney.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
{ "word": "Leg", "definitions": [ "Each of the limbs on which a person or animal walks and stands.", "A leg of an animal or bird as food.", "A part of a garment covering a leg or part of a leg.", "(with reference to a ball, especially in golf) sufficient momentum to reach the desired point.", "(with reference to a product or idea) sustained popularity or success.", "Each of the supports of a chair, table, or other structure.", "A section or stage of a journey or process.", "A run made on a single tack.", "(in soccer and other sports) each of two games constituting a round of a competition.", "A section of a relay or other race done in stages.", "A single game in a darts match.", "A branch of a forked object.", "The half of the field (as divided lengthways through the pitch) away from which the batsman's feet are pointed when standing to receive the ball.", "A deferential gesture made by drawing back one leg and bending it while keeping the front leg straight." ], "parts-of-speech": "Noun" }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
In Classification and Determination of Constitution in Traditional Chinese Medicine, the China Association of Chinese Medicine classifies constitutions of the human body into nine types, including yin-yang harmony constitution, yang deficiency constitution, yin deficiency constitution, qi deficiency constitution, phlegm-dampness constitution, damp-heat constitution, qi depression constitution, blood stasis constitution, and allergic constitution, most of which belong to sub-healthy states. The yin deficiency constitution means that, when internal organs are dysfunctional, the syndromes of yin-fluid deficiency in the body and production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency will easily occur, which are usually represented by emaciation of the body, tidal reddening of two cheeks, feverishness in palms and soles, tidal fever and night sweating, upset irritability, xerostomia, hair and skin dryness, and dry and red tongue with little or even no coating, which are mainly caused by invasion of pathogenic dryness-heat, overeating of febrile and dry food, excessive grief and sorrow, intemperance in sexual life and long illness. The tendency of morbidity is: being susceptible to consumptive disease, seminal emission, insomnia, etc., being resistant to winter but nonresistant to summer, and being nonresistant to summer, heat, and pathogenic dryness. Such sub-healthy constitution as yin deficiency constitution belongs to chronic diseases and has a relatively long disease course, and requires a long-term medication and gradual conditioning, in order to achieve the effects of tonifying qi (vital energy) and nourishing qi. The drug forms commonly used in the traditional Chinese medicine are decoctions and Chinese patent medicine such as pills and the like. Decoctions usually have relatively good efficacy, but the administration thereof is complicated, and the taste thereof is poor. If the decoctions need to be prepared for a long time, it is difficult for a patient to keep taking the decoctions. Moreover, the efficacy of the pills is relatively poor. It is mentioned in the Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor that “the superior physician prevents illness, the mediocre physician attends to impending illness, and the inferior physician treats actual illness”, wherein the phrase “prevent illness” means taking corresponding measures to prevent the occurrence and development of diseases. The body constitution determines the health of people and susceptibility to diseases. It is believed in the traditional Chinese medicine that since the human beings live in the natural world, physiological functions of the human body usually change with seasons, that is, “correspondence between man and nature”. Winter is the season when the human body “stores energies”, thus appropriate nourishment can enhance the constitution, ward off diseases and strengthen the body, and prolong life, that is, conditioning in winter or nourishing in winter commonly mentioned in the traditional Chinese medicine. For the sub-healthy population with yin deficiency constitution, a solid oral paste with a higher drug concentration and good taste, and being convenient to carry more meets requirements of modern people.	{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }
Q: Algorithm for N-way merge A 2-way merge is widely studied as a part of Mergesort algorithm. But I am interested to find out the best way one can perform an N-way merge? Lets say, I have N files which have sorted 1 million integers each. I have to merge them into 1 single file which will have those 100 million sorted integers. Please keep in mind that use case for this problem is actually external sorting which is disk based. Therefore, in real scenarios there would be memory limitation as well. So a naive approach of merging 2 files at a time (99 times) won't work. Lets say we have only a small sliding window of memory available for each array. I am not sure if there is already a standardized solution to this N-way merge. (Googling didn't tell me much). But if you know if a good n-way merge algorithm, please post algo/link. Time complexity: If we greatly increase the number of files (N) to be merged, how would that affect the time complexity of your algorithm? Thanks for your answers. I haven't been asked this anywhere, but I felt this could be an interesting interview question. Therefore tagged. A: How about the following idea: Create a priority queue Iterate through each file f enqueue the pair (nextNumberIn(f), f) using the first value as priority key While queue not empty dequeue head (m, f) of queue output m if f not depleted enqueue (nextNumberIn(f), f) Since adding elements to a priority queue can be done in logarithmic time, item 2 is O(N × log N). Since (almost all) iterations of the while loop adds an element, the whole while-loop is O(M × log N) where M is the total number of numbers to sort. Assuming all files have a non-empty sequence of numbers, we have M > N and thus the whole algorithm should be O(M × log N). A: Search for "Polyphase merge", check out classics - Donald Knuth & E.H.Friend. Also, you may want to take a look at the proposed Smart Block Merging by Seyedafsari & Hasanzadeh, that, similarly to earlier suggestions, uses priority queues. Another interesting reasonsing is In Place Merging Algorithm by Kim & Kutzner. I also recommend this paper by Vitter: External memory algorithms and data structures: dealing with massive data. A: One simple idea is to keep a priority queue of the ranges to merge, stored in such a way that the range with the smallest first element is removed first from the queue. You can then do an N-way merge as follows: Insert all of the ranges into the priority queue, excluding empty ranges. While the priority queue is not empty: Dequeue the smallest element from the queue. Append the first element of this range to the output sequence. If it's nonempty, insert the rest of the sequence back into the priority queue. The correctness of this algorithm is essentially a generalization of the proof that a 2-way merge works correctly - if you always add the smallest element from any range, and all the ranges are sorted, you end up with the sequence as a whole sorted. The runtime complexity of this algorithm can be found as follows. Let M be the total number of elements in all the sequences. If we use a binary heap, then we do at most O(M) insertions and O(M) deletions from the priority queue, since for each element written to the output sequence there's a dequeue to pull out the smallest sequence, followed by an enqueue to put the rest of the sequence back into the queue. Each of these steps takes O(lg N) operations, because insertion or deletion from a binary heap with N elements in it takes O(lg N) time. This gives a net runtime of O(M lg N), which grows less than linearly with the number of input sequences. There may be a way to get this even faster, but this seems like a pretty good solution. The memory usage is O(N) because we need O(N) overhead for the binary heap. If we implement the binary heap by storing pointers to the sequences rather than the sequences themselves, this shouldn't be too much of a problem unless you have a truly ridiculous number of sequences to merge. In that case, just merge them in groups that do fit into memory, then merge all the results. Hope this helps!	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Sailor Moon Crystal Season One BD/DVD Preorder Up You can now preorder the Sailor Moon Crystal season one BD/DVD boxset! The release date is scheduled for August 16th and the limited edition is priced at $63. The artwork on the cover and art cards looks stunning and beautiful and I love that they're including so much of the Japanese art for this release instead of making their own like they did with the 90s anime release. Is this art booklet an English translation of the Japanese Sailor Moon Crystal nook book thing? I can't wait to get this on video though considering how late in the year this is coming, this makes me wonder if we're even going to get the S season sometime this year. http://sailormoonnews.com/2016/05/07/the-first-english-sailor-moon-crystal-blu-ray-set-will-be-released-august-16th/	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
John Price (South Australian politician) John Lloyd (Jack) Price (14 February 1882 – 23 April 1941) was an Australian politician and trade unionist. He was an Australian Labor Party member of the South Australian House of Assembly for Port Adelaide from 1915 to 1925. He later served in the Australian House of Representatives for Boothby from 1928 until his death in 1941, but left the Labor Party and joined the United Australia Party, following the 1931 Labor split over government responses to the Great Depression. Early life and professional career Price was born in Everton in Liverpool, England, the son of Thomas Price, the future first Labor Premier of South Australia, and his wife Anne Elizabeth (née Lloyd). His family migrated to South Australia in March 1883 and settled at Hawthorn, where Price was educated at Mitcham Public School, Unley Public School, the Adelaide Business College and the South Australian School of Mines. He worked in the clerical branch of the state railways from June 1898 until his election to the House of Assembly in 1915. He volunteered for service in World War I along with several brothers, but was rejected. He was secretary of the Railway Officers' Association and the state branch of the Federated Masters' and Engineers' Association, president of the South Australian Government General Workers' Association and the Port Adelaide Trades and Labour Council, and later president of the United Trades and Labour Council and state president of the Labor Party. He was both a councillor and alderman of the City of Port Adelaide, serving from 1916 to 1924, and was president of the Largs Bay Progressive Association. State politics Price was elected to the South Australian House of Assembly at the 1915 state election for the safe Labor seat of Port Adelaide. He remained with the Labor Party in the 1917 Labor split, after which he became secretary to the parliamentary Labor Party and Opposition Whip. He was Government Whip in the government of John Gunn from 1924 to 1925. In March 1925, he was appointed to a three-year term as Agent-General in London by the Gunn government; he had previously been tipped as a potential minister. His resignation necessitated a 1925 by-election in Port Adelaide, which was won by Labor candidate John Stanley Verran. Federal politics In 1928, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Labor member for Boothby, defeating sitting Nationalist Jack Duncan-Hughes. He was secretary to the parliamentary Labor Party from 1929, but left the Labor Party in the 1931 Labor split, in which several Labor MPs merged with the Nationalists to form the United Australia Party under the leadership of Joseph Lyons. He later served as secretary to the parliamentary United Australia Party and Government Whip from 1940 until his death. He died in office in 1941 at the age of 59; he had "not been in robust health" for two years, but his death was sudden and unexpected. His death raised serious concerns that the Menzies government could fall if his seat were lost in a by-election. However, UAP candidate Grenfell Price held the seat in the resulting by-election, although the government subsequently fell in August anyway. References \|- \|- Category:Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia Category:United Australia Party members of the Parliament of Australia Category:Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Boothby Category:Members of the Australian House of Representatives Category:1882 births Category:1941 deaths Category:20th-century Australian politicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Primary Menu Tag Archives: history The city of Bangalore was officially established in the year 1537 by Kempegowda I. Most historians agree that the establishment of Bengaluru city was a stroke of genius. Its geographic location secured it from earthquakes, and its height above sea level gave it strategic importance, in terms of both military and governance needs. The city prospered and grew rapidly under the rule of the Kempegowda bloodline. Kempegowda II gave the city a large number of monuments. The watch towers that we see today at Lalbagh, Kempambudhi tank, Halasur tank and near Mekhri circle were built by Kempegowda II. The Kempegowda tower, as the watch tower is now popularly known as, is the insignia of the BBMP. The contribution of the Kempegowda rule to the development of Bengaluru is immeasurable. It is interesting to see then, that the name ‘Bengaluru’ was not coined by Kempegowda I. The story behind the name stretches across several centuries and civilizations. The earliest reference to the name ‘Bengaluru’ appears in the ninth century Ganga inscription on a ‘hero-stone’ (vira kallu) found in Begur. The inscription makes a reference to the battle fought at ‘Bengaluru’. The name is believed to owe its origins to the Ganga rulers. Bengavalu was the name of the hamlet that the rulers built for their security guards. Bengavaluru, the name of the guards’ residences is believed to have morphed into Bengaluru. The city has had other names-Deverayapattna in the 16th century and Kalyanpura. During the British rule, the city came to be known as Bangalore. At the 2005 golden jubilee celebration of Suvarna Karnataka, UR Anantha Murthy proposed that the city’s name be changed to Bengaluru. In 2006, BBMP passed the resolution to implement the change of name. On November 12, 2006, the then Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy declared ‘Bengaluru’ to be the city’s official name. Several legends actively compete with facts in the narration of the history of Bangalore. Among the most popular ones is the story, set in the 12th century, of the tired Hoysala King Veera Ballala who was offered boiled beans (benda kallu in Kannada) by an old woman. In praise of the boiled beans, he named the town Bendakaluru (town of boiled beans). Such stories add a highly interesting dimension to a city’s history, but are not backed by any evidence. From Bengaluru to Bangalore and now to Bengaluru again, the name has turned a full circle. From the era of Kempegowda to being the Silicon Valley of the country, the city has come a long way. Knowledge of a city’s history is crucial to city governance. Appreciating the city’s history will fuel a sense of pride and love for the city among its officials and as a result, empower them to work efficiently. The History of Bangalore city was covered by Suresh Moona in the B.CLIP classroom sessions Local governance has existed in India since the Vedic days. The Indus Valley civilization had well planned towns and governing bodies that took care of civic infrastructure. Municipalities were established by the East India Company in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras, and were later empowered to enact their own bylaws. Lord Ripon instituted a major reform in 1882 paving the way for representative form of governance in municipalities. This resulted in elected councils in several municipal bodies – including one in Bangalore as described below. Municipal governance in Bangalore Bangalore Town and Bangalore Cantonment, analogous to modern wards, had separate committees with several divisions, with two councillors for each division. By 1892, both these municipalities were free from direct British rule and elections were introduced. The Cantonment municipality, unlike Bangalore town municipality, saw communal representation of councilors. This arrangement continued until independence. This period saw Bangalore Town municipality under the administration of eminent personalities such as Arcot Srinivasachar, K P Puttanna Chetty and A S Nagarkar. Post-independence In 1949, City of Bangalore Corporation Act merged the two municipal committees in Bangalore and all their constituent divisions were brought under a single corporation. The resultant body was what we now know as Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike, or BMP. At the same time, there was another corporation in operation in Karnataka- Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Council. The State Government of Karnataka intended to bring these two bodies under the purview of same act. Hence the Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act -1976 (KMC Act) was introduced. This act with its various amendments continues to govern the Bangalore Corporation even today. One of the major amendments done to the KMC Act was the Karnataka Amending Act 35 of 1994, after which Bangalore Corporation got reconstituted with larger urban area under its jurisdiction, and an election commission was set up for running the elections to local bodies in the state. A finance commission was constituted to review the financial position of Corporation vis-à-vis that of state government. This was the first time that state government endowed power and authority to local urban bodies in general and BMP in particular. This included powers to prepare and implement plans for economic development and ensuring social justice. The next major change into Corporation came in 2007, when the state government issued a notification to merge the BMP with adjoining 7 city municipal councils (CMC), one town municipal council (TMC) and 111 villages. This resulted in a much bigger area of administration for the Corporation which was rechristened “Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike”, or the BBMP. Electronic City, one of the city’s fastest growing areas, remains out of BBMP’s jurisdiction; in June 2007, BBMP passed a resolution to bring the Electronic City under its administration. However, Electronic City Industries’ association has stiffly opposed this move. This tug of war is went on till March 2013, when a Karnataka state government order declared the creation of an independent Electronics City Industrial Township Authority or ECLIA. Girisha Shankar is an urban policy analyst with the Takshashila Institution and a student of the B.CLIP pioneer batch. Apoorva Tadepalli is an intern at the Takshashila Institution. Archives WELCOME Welcome to the class blog of the B.PAC Civic Leadership Incubation Program. B.CLIP aims to create a pool of good civic leaders who will actively engage in ward level management and administration of Bangalore to improve its governance. Follow this blog for weekly updates on class notes, references, learning aids, and much more. This blog is maintained by the Takshashila Institution. About the blog This is a blog by the Takshashila Institution on the B.PAC Civic Leadership Incubation Program (B.CLIP). B.CLIP is an initiative by the Bangalore Political Action Committee, with the Takshashila Institution as the knowledge and training partner. About Takshashila The Takshashila Institution is an independent, non-partisan think tank on India’s strategic affairs and public policy, registered in Chennai and with offices in Bangalore. It has pioneered modern public policy education in India through its graduate programme targeted at working professionals in the media, politics, NGOs and the corporate sector. Takshashila conducts policy research in a number of policy domains, supports an active community of bloggers and has been publishing Pragati—The Indian National Interest Review, a monthly magazine on public affairs since April 2007.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Amazon Gold Box, Crysis 2 $35 + More! It’s that time again when video games have taken over Amazon’s Gold Box deals. The deal of the day is Crysis 2 for $35 for all platforms. Then there’s also the limited Lightning deals throughout the day. Here are the hints for the upcoming deals: 3PM EST: “I believe I can fly” 5PM EST: “Choose the Guardians or the Defiant” 7PM EST: “Hit the gridiron with this perennial franchise” 9PM EST: “Twist and turn through an action-packed Sonic experience” 11PM EST: “Experience the pageantry of College Football like never before.”	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Brazil's former richest man Eike Batista sent to prison Published duration 31 January 2017 image copyright EPA image caption Eike Batista was initially taken to the Ary Franco prison in Rio de Janeiro Former Brazilian oil and mining tycoon Eike Batista has been transferred to a high security prison in Rio de Janeiro after being arrested on arrival from New York. Once Brazil's richest man, he has been accused of paying millions of dollars in bribes to secure contracts with Rio's state government. Mr Batista has denied any wrongdoing. He has promised to help the authorities in their efforts to tackle corruption which he says is widespread in Brazil. Before boarding the plane and turning himself in to police, Mr Batista said he was returning to Brazil to clear his name. "I'm at the disposal of the courts," he told O Globo newspaper in New York. "As a Brazilian, I am doing my duty." Under Brazilian law, Mr Batista would have been sent to a special prison wing if he had a university degree. But as he dropped out before finishing his engineering degree in Germany, he will be serving time in an ordinary cell with six other inmates at the Bangu penitentiary. Many Brazilian jails are overcrowded and controlled by criminal gangs. The authorities in Rio say, however, that is not the case at Bangu. German passport Mr Batista was met by police as he landed in Rio on Monday morning. He was escorted off the plane and initially taken to the Ary Franco prison in Rio. After undergoing medical exams and having his hair cut short, he was transferred to the high security prison in the outskirts of the city. Mr Batista was declared a fugitive by Brazilian officials after police raided his estate in Rio de Janeiro last week and found he had left for New York just hours earlier. BBC South America business correspondent Daniel Gallas says there was much speculation on whether Mr Batista would return to Brazil or use his German passport to flee to Europe. Who is Eike Batista? image copyright AFP Seen by many as the face of Brazilian capitalism Bold, extravagant and charismatic, he made most of his fortune during the commodities boom that brought great wealth to Brazil Listed in 2012 by Forbes Magazine as the world's seventh-richest man, with an estimated fortune of $35bn His Grupo EBX conglomerate spanned mining, oil, shipbuilding and logistics After EBX collapsed following a crash in demand for commodities, his wealth slumped to under $1bn (£800m) But Mr Batista said the trip to New York was not an attempt on his part to flee justice. He is now due to be questioned about his alleged involvement in a corruption ring involving powerful business people and influential politicians in Rio de Janeiro state. Investigators accuse Mr Batista of paying the then-governor of the state, Sergio Cabral, $16.5m (£13.2m) in bribes to win government contracts. Mr Cabral was arrested in November as part of a larger corruption investigation dubbed Operation Car Wash.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
'House of Cards' shuts down production after Kevin Spacey sexual misconduct allegation There is no word on when production will resume. -- Media Rights Capital and Netflix, the studios behind "House of Cards," have suspended production on the series’ sixth season in light of the allegation of sexual misconduct made against the show's star, Kevin Spacey. Actor Anthony Rapp alleged Sunday that Spacey made a sexual advance toward him three decades ago when Rapp was 14. Soon thereafter, Spacey said in a statement of his own that while he does not remember the incident, he was sorry for "what would have been deeply inappropriate drunken behavior." The two companies issued a statement today, saying, “MRC and Netflix have decided to suspend production on 'House of Cards' season six, until further notice, to give us time to review the current situation and to address any concerns of our cast and crew.” There is no word on when production will resume. Media Rights Capital and Netflix had said Monday that the upcoming sixth season of "House of Cards" would be its last. A Netflix representative confirmed to ABC News that the decision to end the show after its season six was made before the scandal broke. “Media Rights Capital and Netflix are deeply troubled by last night’s news concerning Kevin Spacey," a joint statement read Monday. "In response to last night’s revelations, executives from both of our companies arrived in Baltimore this afternoon to meet with our cast and crew to ensure that they continue to feel safe and supported. As previously scheduled, Kevin Spacey is not working on set at this time." Rapp, 46, told BuzzFeed Sunday that Spacey, 58, tried to seduce him at a party in 1986. According to the "Star Trek: Discovery” actor, Spacey picked him up "like a groom picks up a bride over the threshold" and laid down on top of him. "He was trying to seduce me. I don't know if I would have used that language. But I was aware that he was trying to get with me sexually," Rapp told the website, adding that he was able to push Spacey off him and walked away. Spacey responded shortly after the article's publication with a statement of his own, in which he revealed that he's gay. The response prompted backlash, with some accusing the actor of coming out as a way of distracting from Rapp's claim. "Coming out stories should not be used to deflect from allegations of sexual assault," a tweet from GLAAD president Sarah Kate Ellis read. "This isn't a coming out story about Spacey, but a story of survivorship by Anthony Rapp & those who speak out about unwanted sexual advances." The International Academy of Television Arts & Sciences also spoke out against Spacey Monday, and canceled its plans to award the actor with the 2017 International Emmy Founders Award. The honor is meant to recognize individuals who cross cultural boundaries. ABC News’ Joi-Marie McKenzie contributed to this report.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
/* Copyright 2015 The Kubernetes Authors. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. / package runtime import "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema" // SetGroupVersionKind satisfies the ObjectKind interface for all objects that embed TypeMeta func (obj TypeMeta) SetGroupVersionKind(gvk schema.GroupVersionKind) { obj.APIVersion, obj.Kind = gvk.ToAPIVersionAndKind() } // GroupVersionKind satisfies the ObjectKind interface for all objects that embed TypeMeta func (obj TypeMeta) GroupVersionKind() schema.GroupVersionKind { return schema.FromAPIVersionAndKind(obj.APIVersion, obj.Kind) } func (obj TypeMeta) GetObjectKind() schema.ObjectKind { return obj }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
“A church for today and tomorrow, in the community for the community.” Our Vision We seek to worship God together, encourage personal faith and p We seek to worship God together, encourage personal faith and prayer, spread the good news and care for others. To nurture gifts, to enable the participation of all. To react to a changing world, to keep the Church relevant for the next generation. We seek to worship God together, encourage personal faith and p Location Situated in the south west corner of Scotland, the linked Parishes of Kirkmaiden and Stoneykirk are lucky to be bathed in the balmy climate of the Gulf Stream. As well as having award winning gardens growing exotic plants we rarely get more than a smattering of snow or frost. The people are friendly and very community orientated. Being mostly an agricultural area there is plenty of countryside, coastline and woodlands to enjoy. Nearby there are hills for walking and climbing, plenty of bird watching facilities, fishing, golf, horse-riding and beautiful beaches.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Check out our new site Makeup Addiction add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption add your own caption Late at the bus station bus even later	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Get breaking news alerts and special reports. The news and stories that matter, delivered weekday mornings. Real-estate heir Robert Durst pleaded guilty Wednesday to a federal gun charge in New Orleans, paving the way for extradition to California to stand trial for the 2000 murder of a confidante. "It was a good result," Assistant U.S. Attorney Mike McMahon said of the plea deal, which calls for an 85-month sentence on the gun rap. Durst, 72, looked frail, stooped and sickly as he shuffled into the courtroom with a chain draped around his waist. He wore an orange jumpsuit, tennis shoes, and and black prison-issued aviator-style eyeglasses. "I plead guilty," Durst told the court. Under the agreement, Durst will likely be sentenced before April and then moved to a federal prison near Los Angeles by mid-August. There, he will serve the gun sentence while awaiting trial in the death of writer Susan Berman. Let our news meet your inbox. The news and stories that matters, delivered weekday mornings. This site is protected by recaptcha Durst denies killing Berman, a Las Vegas mobster's daughter who was so close to him that he walked her down the aisle at her wedding. "Bob Durst did not kill Susan Berman. He doesn't know who did and he wants to prove it," Durst's defense lawyer, Dick DeGuerin, said after the plea hearing. Prosecutors believe that Berman, 54, was executed because she knew something about the disappearance of Durst's wife, Kathleen, who went missing in 1982 and is presumed dead. Durst has been locked up in Louisiana without bail since March when FBI agents, acting on the murder warrant out of Los Angeles, nabbed him with a .38-caliber Smith & Wesson that was illegal for him to have as a convicted felon. They also seized $161,000 in cash and marijuana. "In my opinion, he was on his way to Cuba," McMahon said. Real estate heir Robert Durst appears in a New York criminal courtroom on December 10, 2014. MIKE SEGAR / Reuters DeGuerin maintains the search of Durst's hotel room was illegal, but said he negotiated a plea because he wanted to "clear the decks" and get to California to clear his name. His arrest in New Orleans coincided with the airing of HBO's documentary series, "The Jinx," which explored his links to his wife's disappearance, Berman's murder and the 2003 dismemberment of a neighbor in Texas. During the show, Durst was confronted with two handwriting samples — an anonymous letter that had been sent to police alerted them to a "cadaver" at Berman's house and another letter he sent to Berman — that appeared to be a match and had identical misspellings of Beverly Hills. Afterward, he blurted into a hot microphone: "There it is. You’re caught,” and “What the hell did I do? Killed them all, of course.” It's unclear whether any of the material from "The Jinx" will play a role in the Los Angeles murder trial. No trial date has been set, and asked when one might start, one of Durst's attorneys, Chip Lewis, said, "Your guess is as good as mine." During Wednesday's hearing, Durst at times appeared confused and hard of hearing as he answered the judge's questions. He told the court he takes "a whole slew" of medication each day for an undisclosed condition.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
For those unfamiliar with the term, Hacker Summer Camp is the combination of DEF CON, Black Hat USA, and BSides Las Vegas that takes place in the hot Las Vegas sun every summer, along with all the associated parties and side events. It’s the largest gathering of hackers, information security professionals and enthusiasts, and has been growing for 25 years. In this post, I’ll present my views on how to get the most out of your 2018 trip to the desert, along with tips & points from some of my friends. The Panel Because not everyone enjoys everything the same way, I’ve asked a few of my friends to chime in for this blog post as well. Some are new to the field, and others have been around a lot longer than myself. These are itsc0rg1, illusorycake, dissect0r, fadec0d3, and Anonymous. The Events There are 3 main events: DEF CON, Black Hat, and BSides Las Vegas (BSides LV). Along with this, there are dozens of parties (corporate sponsors, DEF CON local groups, etc.) and a number of smaller events like QueerCon and the Diana Initiative. As in year’s past, Black Hat begins the week with Trainings Saturday-Tuesday and Briefings on Wednesday and Thursday. DEF CON follows up with DC 101 talks on Thursday, and all the events are open Friday-Sunday. BSidesLV overlaps with Black Hat on Tuesday and Wednesday. This means you can’t realistically do all 3 cons – I’ve tried, it really doesn’t work. The closest might be doing BSidesLV on Tuesday, Black Hat Briefings Wednesday and Thursday, then DEF CON Friday through Sunday. It works on paper, but unless you have way more energy than I do, it’ll get you burned out pretty quickly. DEF CON DEF CON is the largest and original of the 3 conferences. Founded in 1993, it is one of the longest running Hacker/Computer Security conferences, drawing an estimated 25,000 attendees for DEF CON 25 in 2017. It’s widely speculated that this year’s attendance will hit 30,000, so be ready to meet some new friends. Introverts and those whose dislike crowds will want to make sure to be prepared to take breaks from the masses at DEF CON. In case you missed the big announcement, DEF CON will be spread across two hotels this year: Caesar’s Palace and the Flamingo. I’m excited about this change, but it does mean more time out in the Las Vegas sun. This seems to be due to the continued growth of the DEF CON “Village” concept, which is very exciting to me – it gives more space for the niche interests within the hacker subculture to come together and explore their specific topics in more depth. DEF CON Villages are topic-specific areas with presentations and hands-on activities for a small subarea/niche of the larger hacker/security community, like lockpicking or IoT security. If you’re into one of these areas (or want to explore it), the Villages are a great opportunity. Unlike main track talks, Village speakers will often hang around after their talk slot to talk to attendees, so you might get some opportunities to dig into their knowledge. If you’re really into their area of research, offer to buy them a drink – that’s a great way to show appreciation for them sharing their knowledge! DEF CON has earned the nickname “line con” among some attendees, as it seems like there’s a line for everything. Want to attend a talk? Line up an hour before. Want to get into a village when it opens? Better be lined up. Want to get your badge early on Thursday? Try lining up at 1AM. That being said, you don’t have to do things this way. The talks will end up on YouTube (or buy them even sooner) or you can always hang out in someone’s hotel room and watch them over the hotel cable. Villages are generally accessible if you don’t go first thing. DEF CON is the most “hacker culture” of the conferences – lots of hackers, very casual, no corporate sponsors. (This also means no free swag, so you might want to check out Black Hat if you’re looking for the free stuff.) DEF CON does have a fairly decent vendor floor – note that these are not vendors of security snake oil, but vendors of cool hacker stuff to sell right there at the conference. (Including a lot of hacker shirts.) Black Hat Briefings Black Hat involves both the “Briefings” (talks) and the “Trainings.” Black Hat trainings are generally very high quality, and the ticket price shows it. The briefings are also high quality, but will also eventually end up on YouTube. As a general rule, those attending either briefings or trainings are getting their pass paid for by their employer or self-employed and able to deduct the expense. Here you’ll find far more attendees in polos or button-up shirts and khakis than in the black t-shirt and jeans of DEF CON. You’ll also find the occasional suit, which I really don’t understand in the Las Vegas heat. Black Hat has a much larger vendor area than DEF CON, but in this case, I do mean vendors to sell you security snake oil. Every IDS, endpoint security solution, consultancy, and magic appliance vendor will be there. Some of them will have free things for you. Some of them will not. Such is life. BSides Las Vegas BSides Las Vegas is a smaller conference (around 3000 people, so still a decent size) and runs more or less in parallel to Black Hat Briefings. BSidesLV was the first BSides security conference, intended to be the “B-Side” to Black Hat. It’s a great option for those looking for more of a community feel or not wanting to pay for a Black Hat pass. It’s a very “chill” environment, not nearly as crazy or pushy as DEF CON, and not corporate like Black Hat. BSides is small, but still has a lot of high-quality talks from world class researchers and speakers. Many of them will also be presented at one of the other conferences, but will give you a chance to be up close with the speakers and get a chance to interact with them as well. BSidesLV also hosts epic pool parties with great music and fewer shenanigans than happen at some of the DEF CON parties. Some people have compared BSidesLV today to DEF CON back in the Alexis Park days. BSides is also home to my favorite educational CTF: Pros vs Joes. It’s a great CTF designed to give players hands on experience with a variety of tools and techniques, and provide an opportunity to do things they might not have done before. Edit: thanks to dc0de for pointing out that I was missing some of the best parts of BSidesLV. Ask the Panel: DEF CON, BSides Las Vegas, Black Hat: pick one. Why? Matir: Hands down DEF CON. It’s one of the few opportunities I get where I feel comfortable being myself and even talking to strangers. There’s a sense of belonging with many of the other attendees, and it’s amazing how passionate everyone is about what they’re working on. Of the three, it’s the one I feel most embodies the hacker spirit and culture. fadec0d3: Both DEF CON and BSides for the culture. illusorycake: BSides Las Vegas because it seems easier to get into the interactional aspects of it due to the smaller crowd. DEF CON is a hell of a fun experience but it seems a bit more difficult to understand what all is there to interact with. I stumbled upon really neat stuff both years I’ve been to DEF CON though, so if you can swing both BSides and DEF CON, I’d recommend it. I’ve been to Black Hat once and didn’t really feel compelled to go again. itsc0rg1: Defcon, I love the villages and the interactions. dissect0r: I think they all have their pros and cons, and I know many folks that like to do more than one every year. Based on work schedules, etc., I tend to always shoot for DEF CON, but I should mention that I like DEF CON more for catching up with friends and colleagues than solely for the content of the conference talks/tracks. I also think that DEF CON has more variety overall when it comes to topics, vendors, events, and personalities. Anonymous: DEF CON. Black Hat is too corporate (and pricey) for my tastes, and while BSidesLV can be fun due to its size, DEF CON is just something that everyone should experience, imo. It can be huge and overwhelming but also small and fun. Travel Logistics If you haven’t already booked your hotel and airfare, there’s no time like the present. Rooms at Caesar’s Palace have dramatically increased in price. The other properties in the area still have decent availability. If you don’t want to pay Caesar’s pricing, Flamingo is a good choice for convenience (since the conference is spreading over there). Alternatively, the rooms at Paris are quite nice, it gets you some distance from the crowds, but is still just across the street. (Though if you’ve never been to Vegas before, note that “across the street” is still likely a 15-20 minute walk from your room to the conference floor.) I’ve had numerous debates with others about whether or not to stay at the conference hotel. (Caesar’s for DEF CON, Mandalay Bay for Black Hat, or Tuscany for BSidesLV.) I maintain that I like to be able to just drop off stuff I don’t want to carry around, take a short break at times, etc. Others feel that getting more distance between themselves and the conferences is superior. At the end of the day, it comes down to personal preference (and potentially cost, depending on the hotels you’re comparing). I put a full comparison list in my 2016 summer camp guide. Airfare is already going up as well. Whether or not it will keep going up is a mystery (I don’t think anyone really understands airfare pricing, even the airlines) but it’s probably worth booking now. One of the nice things about Las Vegas is the number of direct flights to get there. I like to arrive the afternoon before the first thing I’m attending, and depart the morning after the last. While that does add to the hotel stay and the amount of time I’m spending in Las Vegas, arriving the afternoon before allows me to get settled in and be ready to go in the morning, and staying until the morning after ensures I don’t have to leave early for my flight. Additionally, I’ve found it’s a great chance to have a post-con dinner or drinks with new connections (or ones I don’t get to see often enough). What to Do The most ubiquituous piece of advice you’ll find about attending DEF CON is to be an active participant and not just sit there and hope to have things happen by osmosis. You absolutely can go and just sit in the talks and listen. I did mostly that at my first DEF CON, and it was good – but it wasn’t great. Participating makes it great. So what do I mean by participating? It can come in many forms: Go to villages and try hands on activities (soldering, lockpicking, etc.) Meet people and find out what they’re working on Find a group to try one of the contests (Scavenger Hunt, Badge Challenge, etc.) At DEF CON, in addition to the talks, you have a large number of other activities, so nobody can say there’s nothing they want to do. In fact, I never manage to get to all the things I wanted to. Many Villages Packet Hacking Lockpicking Tamper Evident Crypto and Privacy Wireless IoT Car Hacking Election Hacking More every year (and some I’m sure I’ve forgotten) Vendors willing to take your money Contests Scavenger Hunt Capture the Packet Badge Challenge Beverage Cooling Contraption Hack Fortress Side Events DEF CON Shoot Toxic BBQ Drinking (who knew?) Networking Parties (Official & Unofficial) I put a big emphasis on the hands on activities. I have seen people demo new tools (DEF CON demo labs), taught kids how to hack (R00tz Asylum), first learned to pick locks (Lockpicking Village), learned about network forensics (Capture the Packet), seen people hack cars (Car Hacking Village) and hacked on IoT devices and voting machines (IoT and Election Hacking villages). I meet up with people I only see once a year and share what we’re both working on, meet friends of friends, and so much more. Every year I spend every waking moment doing stuff and still wish I’d had more time at the end. I should mention that both DEF CON and BSidesLV have talks that are not recorded: at DEF CON, these are “SkyTalks” and BSidesLV calls them “Underground.” If you see something on the schedule in those areas that interests you, you should go, as it’s likely your only chance to see the relevant talk. Don’t try to record with your phone either: I’ve seen people ejected and phones confiscated for this behavior. These talks are off the record for a reason. What not to do! Look, it’s pretty simple: don’t be a dumbass. Please don’t ruin things for others. (It sometimes amazes me DEF CON doesn’t get banned from hotels, but I guess for enough money, the hotels will tolerate quite a bit.) Examples of things you should not do: Get alcohol poisioning and spend your con in the hospital. Do grossly illegal things (Vegas has cameras, or so I hear) Brag about hacks that were a crime (true or not) unless you want to chat with the feds. Harass or assault anyone. Also, please try not to argue with the DEF CON Goons or the BSidesLV Staff. Most of the time, you’ll look stupid, and they usually have a good reason for what they’re asking you to do. (Crowd control, fire code, etc.) Ask the Panel: What’s your favorite thing about Hacker Summer Camp? What’s your favorite thing about Hacker Summer Camp? What can you not miss or just must do? Matir: The IoT village is one of my favorite places to hang out and meet people with similar interests. I’m also on staff for the Pros vs Joes CTF at BSides Las Vegas, so you’ll find me there during BSidesLV. I’ll also always make the Dual Core performance at DEF CON, and sometimes some of int0x80’s side performances at other events. (I don’t deny it, I’m a bit of a fanboy.) fadec0d3: Don’t miss the workshops & villages. itsc0rg1: Conversations / Contests. dissect0r: I try to swing past every hacker village at least once, but usually several times. Sometimes there are unique and interesting things going on or fun people participating in the village when you least expect it. And I always bring a lot of cash for the vendor area — every year there seems to be a handful of devices that everyone wants, and sometimes stock clears out fast! I always throw down a lot of money on hardware and new gadgets or tools. Anonymous: My favorite part is learning new things. I try to challenge myself as much as possible to learn something new every year, whether it’s soldering (DEF CON XX), a new attack technique, or starting a new programming language. In many cases it’s not something I use again, but I can at least say I’ve tried it. I absolutely can’t miss the Dual Core performance. illusorycake: I get really inspired seeing what the community is up to. I’m not at a place in my career yet where I can contribute much, as I’m still learning a lot, but seeing what other folks are working on and the passion that people have for this stuff is fuel to the fire of my own passion for it. As for a thing I must do, definitely spending a bit of time outside of the conference to enjoy some of the Vegas sunshine. What to Bring What you should or should not bring with you is also a surprisingly divisive topic. I’ll begin by admitting that I’m a bit of a pack rat and tend to bring everything I could possibly want to have with me. (Ok, maybe not quite that bad, but I still tend to bring far more than necessary.) Others prefer a much more minimalist approach. Both probably work out well for different individuals. (Or maybe I’m quite unreasonable about what I bring.) If you want to participate in some of the hands-on activities, you may either want or need to bring more specialized equipment. For example, if you want to do hardware hacking, it might be easier to bring your own soldering iron than to try to get into the Hardware Hacking Village when you want. Perhaps you’ll bring your own lockpicks for the Lockpicking Village. (The lockpicks in the village tend to be cheap picks that end up being badly abused during the con, so this can be great if you care about working with better tools.) Electronics The DEF CON network is often described as “the most dangerous network in the world”. While I think this overstates the risks (by quite a bit, actually), it makes sense to take precautions and to consider the network a hostile network. (Though you really should think of any network you don’t control as a hostile network.) Some will suggest that you leave all your electronics at home (or at least in your room) and spend your time doing things that require your in-person presence (meeting people, hands-on activities, etc.). This is not a bad idea, but I think almost everyone will end up carrying at least a cell phone with them, even if only to stay in touch with friends. When it comes to laptops, there are two questions to be answered: will you bring one with you at all, and if so, will you carry it with you daily? I think most will end up bringing a laptop. Some might feel comfortable bringing their everyday laptop, and I’ve done that before (after swapping out the SSD for one with an alternate image to protect my data, just in case). This year, however, I’ll be carrying a Chromebook – the Asus C302CA with Crouton installed. If all you need is internet access, a Chromebook offers the highest level of security while on a hostile network. Placing it in developer mode does reduce the security guarantees somewhat, but also allows you to run Crouton, which gives a more or less fully functional Debian Linux chroot. You can also run Debian derivatives like Kali, which is what I do, since I will use the device for CTFs and contests. If you’re not going to participate in a contest or activity that requires the use of a laptop, I encourage you to leave it in your hotel room safe. (Yes, I acknowledge that carrying it with you is a better mitigation against evil maid attacks, but if you’re that paranoid, you’re probably already aware of that.) There’s no sense in carrying extra weight and hopefully you’ll be spending your time doing interactive things instead of staring at a laptop screen. Once you’ve decided what you’ll bring, you should take some reasonable steps to secure your electronics. On all devices, you should setup a VPN service (either commercial or your own) and use it at all times. I’ve used Private Internet Access when travelling, but there are a number of providers with good reputations out there. I even use it over the cellular network because of the rumors of Stingrays and Rogue Cell Towers. (Yes, if the operator of those devices has an 0-day for your baseband, you’re still screwed.) You should also ensure that all devices are using a password for login and lock after going to screensaver/sleep mode. If you connect to the conference WiFi, connect to the “secure” DEF CON network that uses 802.1x authentication. If you’ve setup the proper certificate, this should make it very difficult for someone to create a rogue AP. This network also does not allow client-to-client traffic, so should be reasonably secure against too much malicious activity. You’ll still want to use the VPN though. For cell phones, use a phone with the latest Android or iOS build, or bring a burner phone (i.e., one with no data that you care about). Make sure it’s fully patched before you leave home, and don’t accept updates that may appear while at con. Enable device encryption and at least a strong PIN (if not password) to unlock the screen. It is exceedingly unlikely that someone will waste an iOS or Android 0-day to pop random phones while at the conference. For laptops, the advice is similar. You should be fully patched and enable full-disk encryption. Turn on a software firewall, dropping all incoming connections. Set a BIOS/UEFI administrator password. When it’s not in your posession, at least put it in your room safe. (This is more about theft than about hacking, but it’s a good idea either way.) Electronic Device Checklist Backup all your data Try not to carry very sensitive data Fully patch your OS and applications (esp. browsers) Use Full-Disk Encryption Enable your firewall Use a VPN Don’t accept updates over hostile networks Don’t click past SSL warnings Consider a separate hard drive or separate device If you leave it unattended, leave it with a trustworthy friend or in your hotel room safe. Turn off interfaces you’re not using (WiFi, Bluetooth, etc.) Cash While Black Hat is probably not a problem with only a credit card, DEF CON is certainly a predominantly cash economy. DEF CON badge purchase is cash only, no preregistration, the official DEF CON SWAG area is cash only, and all of the bars at the events are cash only. Most of the vendors will deal mostly in cash (some exclusively) and, of course, Las Vegas as a city still sees a ton of cash flowing through. (Please remember to tip!) Put simply, you’ll want to bring cash with you. At an absolute minimum, DEF CON badges are $280 this year. Things can quickly add up though if you get swag, buy gadgets, drink a lot, etc. Obviously, it’s better to bring too much cash than too little, as using the ATMs on the casino floor will, at a minimum, carry a hefty fee. At worst, the ATM may be compromised or have a skimmer on it. (Again, this may be a case where DEF CON’s bark is worst than its bite, but it’s still a good idea to be safe.) Remember that Las Vegas is basically a giant service industry, and the service industry workers expect tips. Anyone who comes into contact with your luggage, delivers something for you, brings you something, etc., is probably expecting a tip. Vegas.com offers a detailed guide. Food and Drink You’ll want to eat and drink. Drinking alcohol is optional, but pretty common as well. There’s a wide range of strategies on how to do this depending upon your budget and personal tastes/desires. Attendees on a tight budget can bring a lot with them (energy bars, etc.) or get food at a local grocery store, but Vegas is also home to a number of high quality restaurants, including some that are a great value. For quick/cheap eats, there’s a number of options: Close by, both Caesars and Bally’s have food courts with a variety of typical food court fare. Shake Shack down the strip at New York New York is very popular. Fremont Street, just a little off the strip, has a number of good budget-friendly options. Las Vegas buffets can be a good value, but they are often not cheap – you can get a lot for your money, but it’s still quite a bit more than the cheaper venues. On the other hand, buffets can be good for a group because of the sheer variety of food available. The buffet at Caesar’s (Bacchanal) is very good, but also fairly expensive – around $50/person for dinner! At the upper end, Vegas is home to a number of Michelin Star and celebrity chef restaurants. You can find something to suit any taste. I once had a coworker suggest a restaurant to me with a several-hundred dollar tasting menu. (I’m sure it’s great, but I doubt I have the palette to appreciate it.) While convenient, I’d skip the food lines setup in a number of the rooms at DEF CON and Black Hat. These provide low-quality food at very high prices. (Think vastly overpriced sandwiches and hot dogs.) Regardless of how you choose to eat, you must stay hydrated. Las Vegas is both hot and dry, which makes for quick dehydration. Even being inside you may find yourself less hydrated than usual due to the dry air. Bottled water can be expensive, especially if you buy it from the hotel, so many choose to either have some delivered or refill a Camelbak or Sigg-style water bottle. You can also get bottled water at the drugstores and convenience stores on the strip for much less than the hotel will charge you. I’ve let myself get dehydrated a few times during Hacker Summer Camp, and it really ruins things. Even once you start drinking properly, it will be a day or two before you start feeling right again. In a 4 day event, that’s a long time to feel like crap. For the shorter cons, that’s the entire con! Speaking of drinking: a lot of drinking goes on at DEF CON, BSidesLV, and the associated parties. I’ve found a good way to help avoid a hangover is one drink (cup/glass/bottle) of water to each alcoholic drink I go through. I’m not sure if it slows my intake of alcohol or just keeps me more hydrated to avoid the hangover, but it does work. If you’re drinking on a budget, try to get yourself invited to sponsored parties/events with open bars. I’ve also heard some people carry flasks, but I don’t know how well that works out. The bars setup within the con space are going to serve mainstream drinks for hotel prices (think $6 for Bud Light and $8 for house/well liquor). If you’re at BSidesLV or want to travel over to Tuscany, Pub 365 has a great selection (365 beers!) and is pretty reasonably priced, with many craft beers for $5-6 each. The food at Pub 365 is solid as well. My personal favorite food and drink venues in Vegas: Pub 365 at Tuscany for the Craft Beer selection, solid food, and decent atmosphere. Busy during BSidesLV, quiet the rest of the week. Gordon Ramsay Pub & Grill at Caesar’s Palace has good service and excellent food. A little overpriced to go with the celebrity name, but not over the top. The Buffet at Wynn for a buffet and a break from the conference hotels. On the expensive end for buffets, but the food is absolutely top notch and the pastries in the dessert section are the best. Shake Shack is one of my wife’s favorites, and she introduced me to it last year. Solid burger, great shakes, and quick to boot. The burger here was better than Gordon Ramsay Burger at Planet Hollywood. Carnegie Deli at the Mirage has solid deli-style food. The sandwiches are expensive for a sandwich, but big enough to split or to have for two meals. Seriously. (Even for a big guy like me!) Other Supplies Clothing should be pretty obvious, and you can count on August in Las Vegas being hot. Depending on which events you are attending, the social conventions of dress code may vary somewhat. For example, at both BSidesLV and DEF CON, the “norm” is a t-shirt and shorts or jeans. Black Hat will be a mix of t-shirts and polos with jeans or khakis. (And yes, some button-down shirts and suits too.) Of the three, Black Hat probably has the most information communicated by what someone is wearing. You can usually spot upper management, middle management, and engineers on sight. If you’re planning to go to parties held at any of the Vegas clubs, you’ll probably need to plan for their dress codes. Most of the clubs will enforce their code after a certain time, and at a minimum men will want nice jeans (not torn/ripped and no shorts) and a collared shirt. I won’t begin to pretend to know enough about women’s fashion to say anything there, but just understand the clubs will be enforcing dress codes in the evenings. On the other end of the spectrum, there are also pool parties at BSidesLV and Queercon. If you want to attend these, you should probably bring a swimsuit. Or, you know, shorts you don’t mind getting wet. You should also bring some aspirin or ibuprofen (“Advil” or “Motrin”), I don’t suggest paracetamol (“Tylenol”) because you’ll probably be drinking a bit, and your liver won’t like the combination. (Note: I’m not a doctor and this isn’t medical advice, but you should probably keep that in mind.) As to everyday carry, we’ve already covered the cell phone everyone will be carrying, and the water bottle everyone should be carrying. I also suggest carrying a backup USB battery (even a small one) for your phone, your cash, and hotel keycard. Some also like notebooks or other ways to take notes during talks or when meeting people. Note that, according to the every-other-year electronic badge philosophy announced by Dark Tangent, DEF CON 26 should have an electronic badge. So if you’re into badge hacking, you might want to bring the appropriate tools. At a minimum, I’d suggest some sort of universal interface like a Bus Pirate, an FT232H breakout board, or the FTDI FT232H cable. The FTDI cable probably has the best form factor to bring with you to the con. If you’re not familiar with these tools, my IoT Hacker’s Toolkit talk from BSidesSF has more details. Ask the Panel: What do you carry with you at the cons? Matir: Entirely too much. I carry a cell phone, my Skeletool, cash, an Anker Powercore battery, hotel room key, a small Moleskine notebook, business cards, and a steel-barreled pen. I carry it all in a Timbuk2 backpack specifically chosen to not be too big – it forces me to make decisions about what I carry, and prevents me from just taking everything with me. This year I’ll be adding an aluminum water bottle to stay hydrated and a cooling towel to help stay cool in the Las Vegas sun. I bring enough cash for the whole week so I don’t have to deal with ATM fees or the risk of skimmers. (Las Vegas is popular for ATM skimmers, this isn’t something unique to Hacker Summer Camp.) illusorycake: A laptop with my favorite Linux distro on it, water(s), relevant power cords, a notebook or two, a few pens, chapstick, ibuprofen, cash, ID, and all the swag I can find and fit in whatever bag I have with me. If you’re looking for a new t-shirt wardrobe, you can easily obtain it at Hacker Summer Camp. One addition I’ll be making to my bag this year is a portable soldering iron so I can solder in a peaceful place and at my own pace. fadec0d3: Bring a (lightweight) burner laptop you’re comfortable with using. itsC0rg1: Deodorant, a water bottle and protein bars. dissect0r: Backpack with the necessities (laptop, chargers, lock picks, etc.), extra cash, snacks, hydration. Anonymous: A backpack of some sort. (I’m not picky which one.) A portable computer I can wipe. (Specifically a Lenovo 11e with an upgraded SSD running Kali Linux.) A small soldering kit. A kit of electronics tools. My con phone (not so much a burner as simply a phone, like the aforementioned laptop, that I can easily wipe once home). In the hotel room, I might also have things like more electronics parts, etc. mainly in anticipation of a contest or badge that I can play around with. Packing Checklist This is just to get you started, and you’ll need much more, but hopefully it has some good reminders. Clothes for hot Vegas days. Clothes for parties in semi-hot Vegas nights. Secured Cell Phone (Optional, but common) Secured Laptop Notebook/Pen Business/Personal Cards (I have cards I give to people I meet in contexts not related to my employer.) Cash for DEF CON Ticket, Drinks, Tips, Gaming, etc. Deodorant (Optional, but common) Tools for Hacking RFID blocking sleeves First Timers If this happens to be your first Hacker Summer Camp, it’s pretty easy to be overwhelmed by it all. Actually, even if it’s not your first time, it’s pretty easy to be overwhelmed by it all. If you haven’t seen it before, you might want to check out the DEF CON Documentary produced by Jason Scott (@textfiles). While it’s a very small slice of DEF CON, it’s still well produced and a very interesting watch. 3-2-1 Rule If you attend the DEF CON 101 session, you’ll hear about the 3-2-1 rule, but I think it’s so important, that it bears repeating here. At an absolute minimum, you should get 3 hours of sleep, 2 meals, and 1 shower each day. This rule is both for your own safety and the comfort of others. (I wonder if they should add a “4” for “4 liters of water”.) On behalf of fellow attendees, the shower is the most important part of that rule. Because of the heat and the walking, I will tend to end up taking 2 showers every day: one in the morning to wake me up, and one just before dinner, because I don’t want to smell at dinner. One of my friends said she was going to bring travel sized deodorants for other attendees, and she wasn’t kidding. Please don’t be that person. (In case you’re unaware, “body sprays” like Axe are not a deodorant. Then you just smell like sweat and cheap body spray.) Manage Your Energy I’ve definitely mentioned this before, but it bears repeating. Even if you’re only going to a single con of the week, it’s a long event with long days, and it’s in a hot climate. If you try to do everything, you’ll just end up feeling like crap or burning yourself out. Manage your energy as you go, and if you need to take a break, take it! I know FOMO (fear of missing out) is a thing, but if you burn yourself out too far, you’ll miss out on a lot more than a short break. Taking a break also doesn’t mean you have to completely stop doing anything con related. There are some ways to recover your energy while still having a good time and doing things: Grab a (new) friend and head to one of the quieter bars for a drink and to catch up. If you’re staying onsite or at one of the other Caesar’s properties with the talks on TV, head to your room and watch a talk. If you know someone from one of the groups that has a suite, head up there to hang out. They tend to be a lot quieter and more chill than the con floor. If you or someone you know has brought electronic gear with them, find a quiet place to work on the electronic badge (or #badgelife). You should also be prepared to walk a lot. I know, a lot of us hackers are far more used to sitting in front of the comforting glow of a few LCDs, but even within the hotels, you’ll be walking a lot between areas. So wear comfortable shoes and be ready for the hot Vegas sun to make you sweat, a lot. Plan Ahead You should do some amount of planning ahead for con. I failed miserably at this my first time, and it could have been so much better if I hadn’t. I’m not saying you should make a minute-by-minute (or even hour-by-hour) plan. But you should have an idea of what’s available to do, what your top goals are, and what is located where. For example, you might want to take a look at the Caesar’s property map and the conference area floor plans to get an idea of what is where and where you might be going. You can look at last year’s DEF CON Program to get an idea of how the layout might look, but DEF CON tends to reimagine how the space gets used year to year based on the evolution of the conference and the lessons learned from the previous year, so don’t count on it being the same. Likewise, as the event and talk schedules get released, you might want to look at them and start making a list of things you “must do”. (Again, recall that talks will be placed online, so unless you feel like it’s particularly timely for you, I suggest focusing on the things you can only do “in person”.) This can be very useful for your evening plans such as parties and musical performances. You can follow @defconparties on Twitter for all the Hacker Summer Camp party information. (Don’t let the name confuse you, they cover all the parties of the week.) Physical Safety Keep on eye on what’s on around you. I personally find the cons to be far more safe than Vegas streets, but that’s not to say there isn’t someone who wants to take advantage of you at the cons either. Just like you should in any busy public place or major city: Keep your wallet in a front pocket Don’t make your electronics easy to grab Don’t leave your valuables unattended even for a brief minute (better to lose your seat than to lose your electronics) If somebody on the street gets into your personal space, odds are they’re up to something. Ask the Panel: What’s one thing you wish you knew before your first DEF CON? Matir: I should have been ready to do more than just go to talks and parties. Being ready for competitions, being ready to be more social, having a better plan. If you don’t know all the things that are going on, it’s so easy to become frozen and overwhelmed by it all. illusorycake: I wish I had known the scope of DEF CON. There are lots of different things going on: talks, villages, smaller conferences/events that overlap DEF CON, etc. It can be overwhelming to even simply just know what is available for you to do. I recommend talking to folks who have been before and asking them questions about anything that’s confusing once you have a schedule/agenda in front of you to reference. fadec0d3: Don’t worry about missing lectures, they’re recorded. itsC0rg1: Taking breaks is important, crowds are a bit overwhelming. dissect0r: I tell newcomers not to be too rigid about their scheduling expectations, don’t expect to make it to every exciting talk you want to see. Sometimes the lines are staggering, and standing room only is not always a fun way learn new things. I expect to catch some of those epic talks later online or from the recordings. Be flexible, don’t be afraid to break from your expected schedule to grab a drink with some new friends, and definitely bring some extra cash to blow on vendor wares! Anonymous: That not sleeping is ok but you still need to sleep. Bonus Panel Question: What’s your best Hacker Summer Camp memory? Matir: Dual Core performing at The Summit (an EFF fundraiser party) at DEF CON 20. It was an incredible show, and I really got into it, plus the party had great people and great drinks. There are so many runners up: hanging out with one of my best friends until early in the morning, a 2nd place finish in Capture the Packet, and getting a bright red mohawk for mohawkcon. illusorycake: Pros vs Joes at BSides Las Vegas. If you’re looking for a practical experience of what it’s like to be a security engineer, this is the CTF for you. fadec0d3: Accidentally overloading the electronic badge which broadcast to the radio, and ripping apart someone’s phone in the name of science to pick up IR visually for the electronic badge challenge. itsC0rg1: A Goon handing me a bunch of free stickers when I was nearly collapsed from exhaustion. dissect0r: There are a bunch, I don’t want to limit myself to just one. Some of my fondest memories are: meeting heroes in the security space — this brings a sense of realism to meet some of these people you admire online. Catching up with good friends that you don’t see near often enough. And learning new tricks and hacks that you didn’t know before. Anonymous: Hanging out late at night working on some random contest. DEF CON can be such a nice blend of social and hacking, which is something we don’t always get to do if we don’t have access to a hackerspace and spend most of our time at home working on things. I’ve hatched so many plans and schemes and learned so much just sitting in the con area chatting late at night. Summary I hope this has been at least a little bit useful to you, or at least a good reminder of good times at Hacker Summer Camp. Feel free to share or hit me up on Twitter if you have ideas or suggestions for things I should have covered. This is the 3rd year in a row I’ve written such a guide, and you can find my 2017 guide here, and my 2016 guide in two parts here and here. I suggest also checking out the Defcon for N00bs guide for other advice and another take on preparing for con. Finally, a big thanks to illusorycake, fadec0d3, itsC0rg1, dissect0r, and Anonymous for contributing their thoughts. You all are great friends and hackers. I owe each of you a drink (or several) at Hacker Summer Camp this year. FAQ Are you paranoid? Yes, I’m a professional paranoid. Everyone in this industry is, if they’ve been around long enough. In particular, I’m paid to simulate attackers, so I see everything as an opportunity to hack. Will I get hacked at the cons? Probably not, if you prepare well and aren’t stupid about it. But if you use open wifi with no protection, well, you’ll probably find out just how trivial such attacks are. Should I go to talks? Some people have interpreted my view on talks as “don’t go to talks, they’re a waste of time”, and that couldn’t be further from the truth. I think the talks are great, but unless it’s a talk that won’t be recorded, or is particularly relevant to you, I generally choose to do something requiring my physical presence at that time instead of sitting in a room listening to the talk. (And spending time lining up before the talk to even get into the room.)	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Hurt So Bad (album) Hurt So Bad is a 1969 studio album by Nancy Wilson, featuring arrangements by Jimmy Jones, Billy May, Oliver Nelson, and others. The album entered the Billboard Top 200 Chart on November 8, 1969, and remained for 18 weeks, peaking at #92 in January 1970. Jason Ankeny at AllMusic says Hurt So Bad has "a soulful, vibrant sound inspired by mainstream pop and R&B," and that the material ranges from "a subtly funky rendition of 'Willie and Laura Mae Jones' to a poignant 'You're All I Need to Get By' to a dynamic 'Spinning Wheel.'" He notes the "hodgepodge of arrangers" but says the album "is a surprisingly cohesive listen." Track listing Side 1 "Willie and Laura Mae Jones" (Tony Joe White) – 2:47 "Let's Make the Most of a Beautiful Thing" (Jacques Wilson, Mike Corda) – 2:40 "You're All I Need to Get By" (Nickolas Ashford, Valerie Simpson) – 2:20 "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" (Bob Crewe, Bob Gaudio) – 3:21 "Hurt So Bad" (Teddy Randazzo, Bobby Weinstein, Bobby Hart) – 3:00 Side 2 "Spinning Wheel" (David Clayton-Thomas) – 2:38 "Do You Know Why" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Burke) – 2:39 "Come Back to Me" (Burton Lane, Alan Jay Lerner) – 2:35 "Ages Ago" (Paul Francis Webster, Ronnell Bright) – 2:23 "One Soft Night" (Anthony Curtis, Lonnie Tolbert) – 2:36 Personnel Nancy Wilson – vocals Jimmy Jones – piano, arranger ("Can't Take My Eyes Off You," "Spinning Wheel," "Come Back to Me," "One Soft Night") Phil Wright – arranger ("Willie and Laura Mae Jones," "You're All I Need to Get By," "Hurt So Bad") Oliver Nelson – arranger ("Let's Make the Most of a Beautiful Thing") Billy May – arranger ("Do You Know Why") Sid Feller – arranger ("Ages Ago") David Cavanaugh – producer References Category:1969 albums Category:Nancy Wilson (jazz singer) albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights sets limits on criminalisation, forbidding ex post facto criminalisation by signatory countries. Text Case law Kokkinakis v. Greece (no violation found, 8:1) Vassili Kononov (no violation found, 14:3) Nikola Jorgic (no violation found, unanimously) Nikolay Tess (2008 - decision on admissibility postponed) Mykolas Burokevičius (no violation found, unanimously) Handyside v United Kingdom (no violation found) Maktouf and Damjanović v. Bosnia and Herzegovina (2013; violation found, unanimously) Other judgements involving Article 7 Ines Del Rio: Case of the Parot doctrine. Literature References 7	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Multi-substituted 8-aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines by Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé reaction and their Hsp90 inhibitory activity. Using a 2,3-diamino pyrazine substrate and yttrium triflate catalyst, various 2-alkyl and aryl substituted 3,8-diaminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines were efficiently prepared through Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé MCR. In particular, a novel 2-piperonyl 3,8-diaminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine structure was prepared exclusively with this new method and was found to have moderate Hsp90 inhibitory activity. A crystalline complex with N-terminus ATP domain of Hsp90 and one of the new Hsp90 inhibitors was also obtained to elucidate the origin of activity of 2-piperonyl 3,8-diaminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Sequence variation in the src gene product affects metastasis formation: the central, but not exclusive, role of the tumor immune response. Sequence variation in the src gene product could, in principle, influence metastasis formation through either of 2 effects: an alteration in tumor antigenicity or a non-immune-mediated change in one or more src-associated functions. Our present results establish that both mechanisms underlie the difference in relative levels of metastasis formation induced by the v-src vs. the c-src(527) oncogene. A point that emerges from this analysis is the segregation, within a chicken line genotypically uniform at the major histocompatibility (B) complex (MHC), of a phenotype defined by strong resistance to secondary v-src-induced tumor challenge. The pattern of segregation is consonant with the possibility that a gene unlinked to the MHC governs immune response levels to v-src-encoded tumor antigen.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
It's a Fine Thing to Sing Ingredients THE YETTIES! LIVE! - PLUS ONE!! A great selection of songs and music 250 friends of The Yetties in fine voice The combined recording talents and expertise of The Abbey Road mobile team, Grasmere Music, and CVP, plus the lastest digital video and sound technology. Method Gather together at the Digby Hall in Sherborne, Dorset. Add subtle amounts of fiddle and mandolin Sprinkle liberally with humour Mix well and sing vigorously	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Q: Finding new memory address? C++ (I tested the address because I was getting errors and I found out the address changed before it was deleted, by the time the delete is called the titlePTR has already changed its address and it is giving me an error saying "BLOCK TYPE IS VALID" I heard this is when you try to delete a pointer that wasn't made by new (So that made me think about the address) Btw I know I don't have to make a dynamic array but I am reading a book and it is saying to practice saving memory for times where your program doesn't need to run the code. I posted on a few other places and people always nag about "Don't use new blah blah blah" Here is what is says when it trys to delete titlePTR or bodyPTR: http://postimg.org/image/gt0f8kufn/ if (test == "MapleStory") { wchar_t titlePTR = new wchar_t[30]; <-- Example Address: 051 cout << titlePTR; wchar_t bodyPTR = new wchar_t[20]; titlePTR = L"MapleStory"; bodyPTR = L"Launching MapleStory..."; MessageBox(NULL, bodyPTR, titlePTR, MB_OK \| MB_ICONINFORMATION); ShellExecute(NULL, L"open", L"GameLauncher.exe", NULL, L"C:\\Nexon\\MapleStory", 1); cout << endl << titlePTR; <-- Example Address: 0601 delete[] titlePTR; delete[] bodyPTR; } A: wchar_t titlePTR = new wchar_t[30]; // (1) titlePTR = L"MapleStory"; // (2) delete[] titlePTR; // (3) This allocates memory and stores the address of the memory in the variable (1). Then you overwrite it with a new address (2). And then you delete the new address (3), instead of the allocated memory. So your problem is that the assignment in step (2) doesn't use the buffer you prepared but creates a new buffer. To fix, just do: const wchar_t titlePTR = L"MapleStory"; And don't delete of course, since you didn't allocate any memory using new.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
With InstaWeather app allows to share information about the current weather or weather forecast over the favorite photos from the iPhone. Features: - Quick and easy to tell a friend about the weather, using colorful images information. - Get access to more than 60 cover - by simply indicate the current temperature and location to the detailed projections with atmospheric pressure, temperature, chance of rain, wind direction and strength. Numbers - This is the most powerful and user-friendly application to create different tables. Features: - Choose from 16 templates Apple, for example, "budget", "Travel Planning" or "training." View and edit files in Numbers '09, Microsoft Excel, and CSV. - Use iCloud, to start editing the table with the point where you left off on another device with iOS. - Drag and drop files in Numbers '09, Excel or CSV to the site icloud.com from your Mac or PC, and they will automatically appear on your devices with iOS. - Organize your data with the help of great charts and tables. SoundHound app is a program that allows you to detect and search music on the radio and through the recorder. Features: - Listen to the search result. - Share the melody with your friends by email, on Facebook or Twitter (support through the general settings of the phone). - Instantly find the lyrics. - View information about the albums. - Listen to a preview of songs. - Learn about the most popular songs of the selected artist. - Read a biography of the required group. - Watch the video clips. - Scroll through the list of similar artists. - Logs favorites. - See photos. Scanbot app is a program that can scan any documents in premium quality. Now you have a great possibility to create a PDF or JPG-copy in high resolution. Submit them by e-mail or upload to Box, Dropbox, Evernote and other cloud storage. Studio 2 app is a powerful program for assistance and making music right from your mobile device. Features: - Import audio from YouTube. - Import MP3, WAVE, AIFF and other formats of the letters. - Import music from your iPod library. - Record hundreds of online radio stations. - Record vocals and guitar. - Apply effects, reverb and delay. - Automate track parameters, such as volume or pan. - To have up to 96 stereo tracks. - Export songs in HD quality via email. - Documents folder or directly open in other applications. - Compatible with Audiobus and IAA. ExcelContacts app it is not only the best, but at the moment the only possible way to transfer your contacts from your iPhone without the help of iTunes! EXTRAS: - Easy to manage your iPhone. - Update, modify and maintain your contacts. - Use Excel, OpenOffice or other software that supports Excel. - Send all contacts from your iPhone in a convenient zip file by email, via USB, or via a web page. - Photo contacts are also saved. - Do not rely on iTunes. - You can also store contacts on Yahoo or other servers to have a backup. - Simple format. Contacts Sync for Google Gmail app allows you to quickly and easily synchronize your Gmail address book and your iPhone, so that you will have access to your contact database wherever you go. This application has a great reliability, ease of use, speed and "two-way synchronization" , which brings together changes to Gmail and your iPhone. Features: - Provides two-way synchronization, which allows collate the changes made on the iPhone, with the changes in the database Gmail contacts AVPlayer HD app is a video player that is made specifically for the iPhone and iPad. It reads a huge amount of computer-based video formats - XVID / DIVX ( including AC3) AVI, WMV, RMVB, ASF, H264, MKV, and more.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Regents Theological College Elim Bible College redirects here. For the similarly named U.S. college, see Elim Bible Institute. Regents Theological College is a theological college in Malvern, Worcestershire, England. It is the training centre of the Elim Pentecostal Church. First called Elim Bible College, it was founded in 1925 by the evangelist George Jeffreys, also co-founder and leader of Elim. Originally, it was situated in Clapham, London. It later moved to Capel in Surrey, then to Nantwich, Cheshire in 1987. It became Regents Theological College in 1996. In the early 1990s the college gained a more academic emphasis, mainly due to the work of American New Testament scholar Siegfried Schatzmann, then a faculty member. The college began offering undergraduate degrees validated by the University of Manchester. Undergraduate and postgraduate degrees are now validated by the University of Chester and doctoral supervision is now also offered in partnership with the University of Chester under the leadership of Dr. Martin Clay. Although it still offers training for ministry in Elim, it accepts evangelical and charismatic Christians from a variety of Protestant denominations. The college moved to its current site in September 2009. The college building (St James' House) St James' House was built c. 1860. In c. 1890, the property was acquired by Lady Howard de Walden (née Lady Lucy Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck), widow of the 6th Baron Howard de Walden (who had died 1868) and daughter of the 4th Duke of Portland. Lady Howard de Walden transformed the property (c. 1891) into a vast mansion, with water gardens. Following her death (in 1899), it was sold to a family called Ballard who, in 1902, leased it to a Miss Alice Baird for use as a school for girls. It remained the St James School for Girls until 2006. The St. James School for Girls was one of a number of schools that merged with the former Malvern Girls' College, forming what is now called Malvern St James. The West Malvern Road site was no longer required, and it was bought in 2007 by the Elim Pentecostal Church, who opened it as their training facility in 2009. See also George Jeffreys (pastor) Elim Pentecostal Church Malvern St James External links Regents Theological College Official website Dr. Keith Warrington Homepage of Regents lecturer and New Testament scholar References Category:Bible colleges, seminaries and theological colleges in England Category:Elim Pentecostal Church	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Q: Finding an item's index in an array I was writing a function that takes two arguments, an array and a number, and returns the index of the number if it's present in the array. The issue I encounter is the fact that my code returns properly without the "else" part, however, when I add the code about returning "-1" it doesn't work properly and it seems as if the compiler only takes "return -1" into account, no matter what arguments I use. Could anyone help me solve this issue? function search(arr, item) { for(let i=0; i<arr.length; i++){ if(item===arr[i]){ return i; }else if(item!==arr[i]){ return -1; } } } It's always giving me an output of "-1", when it's supposed to give the index of the "item" argument if it's presents in the first array argument. A: You need return -1 outside the loop so it only returns -1 if it makes it all the way through the loop without finding something. If it finds something before that, it will return the index: function search(arr, item) { for(let i=0; i<arr.length; i++){ if(item===arr[i]){ return i; } } return -1; } console.log(search([1, 2, 3], 5)) console.log(search([1, 2, 3], 2))	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Peter Bangs Vej station Peter Bangs Vej station is a station on the Frederikssund radial of the S-train network in Copenhagen, Denmark. The station, located where the railway tracks cross Peter Bangs Vej, was designed by the Danish State Railways architect K.T. Seest and opened on 23 September 1941. References External links Category:Copenhagen S-train stations	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Friday - Roatan (West End or South side Roatan) for two dives, lunch then return to dock, sunset cocktail party/dinner ashore Saturday: 8 am Check Out PRIMARY DIVING SITES of the ROATAN AGGRESSOR The Roatan Aggressor dives the best of the Bay Islands. These islands are Honduras' brightest gems offering divers sheer walls, beautiful shallow reefs, spectacular wrecks and offshore sea mounts. These pristine sea mounts represent a Caribbean frontier rarely explored by divers. Here are some of the areas the Roatan Aggressor will visit. ROATAN ISLANDMary’s Place – One of the most famous dive sites off of the south side of Roatan, Mary’s Place has a lush reef with crevasses and tunnels running through it that provide great photo opportunities.Taviana’s Wall - Lots of turtles are found here and this site makes a great night dive with octopus, crabs and lobsters.Wreck of the Aquila- This wreck is home to 15 - 20 large Groupers and a big blue Parrot Fish, as well as a big green Moray Eel that is always willing to come out and play.Odyssey Wreck - This freighter is Roatan’s largest wreck measuring 300 feet long, 50 feet wide, and 85 feet tall. It is one of the largest wrecks in the Caribbean. The SEA MOUNTCoco’s Sea Mount - Coco’s beauty is in the mix of coral and good visibility that divers always enjoy. The ocean floor rises from hundreds of feet to only 40 feet from the surface. These sea mounts are far from Utila and Roatan, therefore, they are rarely visited by day boat divers.UTILA ISLANDBlack Hills – A favorite among all divers, you can count on seeing schools of Creole Wrasse, Atlantic Spadefish, Horse-eye Jack and Southern Sennets at this seamount, along with Scorpionfish, Toadfish and the rare Frog Fish. A resident turtle appears unafraid of divers, as do the Barracuda. Large pelagic fish can be spotted here, such as Manta Rays, Marlin, and sharks including the big boy himself, the Whale Shark!Duppy Waters – A coral garden begins beneath the boat at 20 feet, with walls sloping off into the blue. Eagle Rays, stingrays, octopus and schools of Creole Wrasse and Blue Tang are in abundance.CJ’s Drop-off - This is one for the deep dive enthusiast. Spiny Caribbean Lobster, Golden Tail Moray and schools of Jack are plentiful.Raggedy Cay – This popular site begins at 30 feet and falls away to 130 feet, with Majestic Eagle Rays swooping by and Hawksbill Turtles munching away on soft corals. Octopus can be found around the sand channels along the coral garden as well as Spotted Morays.Old Bank – This is a very nice shallow dive site, where the rare Elkhorn Coral flourishes and smaller critters, like the Fringed Filefish and Caribbean Reef Squid, can be seen along the walls. In the sandy areas, the allusive Yellowhead Jawfish can be spotted peering out of its hole.Cannery Bank – Here’s a prime opportunity to witness large pelagic fish that roam the open waters. There are lots of vibrant color on the mounts, beginning at 25 feet and sloping to 110 feet.Jack Neil Point – Sand, walls and individual coral heads make this a must dive. Long snout Seahorse, Large-eye Toadfish, Flying Gurnards, and octopus make this one of the area’s best night dives.Halliburton Wreck – Sunk in 1998, this artificial reef begins at 65 feet with the wheelhouse and continues down to the vessel bottom at 100 feet. Green Morays, Spotted Drum, Yellowline Arrow Crabs, Channel Clinging Crabs and Bearded Fire Worms are usually seen on this exceptional deep dive, as well as the occasional Porcupine Fish and Pipefish.Hawksbill Bank – The Roatan Aggressor is one of a few that visit this seamount beginning at 40 feet and sloping down to 80 feet. Bluebell tunicates are in abundance, and the rare Fingerprints can also be found. A resident Hawksbill turtle gives the site its name. CAYOS COCHINOSToon Town- Known for its macro life, this dive off Cayos Cochinos is jam-packed with big clumps of bluebell tunicates, small crabs and flamingo tongue cowries, among a long laundry list of headliners from the tinier marine kingdoms.Pelican Point - every kind of reef fish imaginable, including French and queen angelfish, butterfly fish, tangs, and parrotfish. On the outside of the reef, you may see sharks and barracuda patrolling	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
493 S.E.2d 288 (1997) Charles Everette SHARPE, Jr., Plaintiff, v. Sylvia G. NOBLES, Defendant. No. COA96-1366. Court of Appeals of North Carolina. November 18, 1997. 289 Paul T. Cleavenger, Kinston, for plaintiff-appellant. Gerrans, Foster & Sargeant, P.A. by William W. Gerrans, Kinston, for defendant-appellee. WYNN, Judge. When calculating the child support obligation owed by a parent, a showing of bad faith income depression by the parent is a mandatory prerequisite for imputing income to that parent. In this case, because we hold that the trial court's finding that the father did not look for a job that would pay him what he was earning in his previous position was insufficient to show bad faith income depression, we remand this matter to the trial court for redetermination of the father's child support obligation. However, we uphold the trial court's order of contempt against the father for failure to obey a previous order of the court because there was sufficient competent evidence of his willful failure to comply with the earlier order. The father, Charles Everette Sharpe, Jr. and the mother, Sylvia G. Nobles, parented one child born on 21 November 1984. Following their separation and divorce, the mother obtained primary custody of their child. In their separation agreement of 13 December 1988, which was incorporated into their divorce decree, the father agreed to invest $50 per month for the child's college education. After their divorce, the father and mother signed a Consent Judgment dated 2 August 1990 that, in part, directed the father to pay $500 per month towards the support of his child and to provide the mother evidence with where the father was making the investments for the child's college education. In 1990, the father began to work for North Star of North Carolina, Inc. By 1995, the father was a district director, and made a salary of $56,439 per year. On 30 September 1995, the company abolished his position. The next day, the father started working at another job with North Star as manager of a nursing home which paid a salary of $46,540 per year. On 12 October 1995, after a hearing on modification of his child support and for contempt, the trial court ordered the father to pay $596 per month in child support based on a finding that projected the father would earn $61,368 per year. Furthermore, the trial court found that the father had failed to invest $50 per month for the child's college education and therefore ordered the father to invest $4,100 to make up for the deficiency, and to certify to the mother where the money was invested. The trial court also ordered the father to provide medical and dental insurance to the child, as was set forth in the 2 August 1990 Consent Judgment. On 2 April 1996, the father moved for a modification of his child support obligation. Prior to a hearing on that motion, the father took a job with a new division of North Star that paid a reduced salary of $40,000 per year. In response to the father's motion for modification of child support, the mother counter-moved for contempt contending that the father had failed to comply with the court's order of 12 October 1995 by: (1) failing to send certification of the deposit of the $4,100 to her, and (2) failing to send her any new claim forms, insurance cards, or informational brochures for the medical insurance that the father was required to maintain for the child. After hearing evidence, the district court found that although a substantial change of circumstances had occurred since the time of its last child support order, the father had 290 voluntarily depressed his income. The court therefore applied the earning capacity rule in calculating the father's child support obligation. Additionally, the trial court found the father in willful civil contempt of the 12 October 1995 order for failing to provide the mother with certification of where he deposited the college investment funds and for failing to provide the mother with identification cards, claim forms, and information about the health insurance carried on the minor child. From this order, the father appeals. I. The father first contends that the trial court's findings were insufficient to support the use of the earning capacity rule in calculating his child support obligation. We agree. Child support obligations are ordinarily determined by a party's actual income at the time the order is made or modified. Askew v. Askew, 119 N.C.App. 242, 244-245, 458 S.E.2d 217, 219 (1995). A party's earning capacity may be used to calculate the award if he deliberately depressed his income or deliberately acted in disregard of his obligation to provide support. Id. However, before using the earnings capacity rule there must be a showing that the actions which reduced a party's income were not taken in good faith. Id. at 245, 458 S.E.2d at 219. In the present case, the father worked as a district director of North Star, at a salary of $56,439 per year, until the company abolished the position on 30 September 1995. On 1 October 1995, the company moved the father to the position of manager of a nursing home, at a salary of $46,540 per year. On 1 May 1996, the father took a position with a new division of North Star, where his pay was $40,000 per year. The trial court found: 14. That since the pay of the plaintiff was reduced to some $56,000.00 down to $46,000.00 and then down to $40,000.00 as he contends, that the plaintiff has not made any application for employment at some other location and that he has not sought the assistance or the services of a private employment agency in order to obtain employment compared to what he was earning prior to the two (2) recent reductions and the Court finds that the reduction to the $40,000.00 is voluntary on the part of the plaintiff in that he has taken no action to find employment that would be comparable to the pay that he was earning through the year 1995 and the Court finds that the plaintiff has an ability to earn a gross pay of at least $55,729.00 as shown on his 1995 United States individual income tax returns. 15. That the plaintiff has moved into a home that occupies one and one-half (1 ½) acres on Kerr Lake and that he owns two (2) motor vehicles, a 1995 Jeep and a 1996 Accura. That the plaintiff has the ability to at least earn $55,729.00 that he earned in 1995. These findings were insufficient to support a conclusion of deliberate depression of income or other bad faith action on the part of the father. Essentially, the findings are that the father's reductions in income were voluntary because he had not looked for work that would pay him what he made before changing jobs. This is not a showing of a deliberate depression of income or other bad faith. Accordingly, the trial court's order is reversed and remanded for an appropriate determination of the father's child support obligation. II. The father next argues that the trial court erred in finding him in willful civil contempt because the evidence was insufficient to show that he willfully violated the 12 October 1995 order to deposit $4,100 and send confirmation of the deposit to the mother. We disagree. Although the statutes governing civil contempt do not expressly require willful conduct, see N.C. Gen.Stat. §§ 5A-21 to 5A-25 (1986), case law has interpreted the statutes to require an element of willfulness. Smith v. Smith, 121 N.C.App. 334, 336, 465 S.E.2d 52, 53-54 (1996). In the context of a failure to comply with a court order, the evidence must show that the person was guilty of "knowledge and stubborn resistance" *291 in order to support a finding of willful disobedience. Hancock v. Hancock, 122 N.C. App. 518, 525, 471 S.E.2d 415, 419 (1996). The standard of review for contempt proceedings is limited to determining whether there is competent evidence to support the findings of fact and whether the findings support the conclusions of law. Koufman v. Koufman, 97 N.C.App. 227, 230, 388 S.E.2d 207, 209 (1990), rev'd on other grounds, 330 N.C. 93, 408 S.E.2d 729 (1991). In this case, the trial court's order included the following finding of fact: 18. That with regard to the contempt matter, the Court finds that in its Order of October 12, 1995, the plaintiff had not deposited the $4,100.00 which was to begin in August of 1990 at the rate of $50.00 per month and that the plaintiff was found in wilful contempt on October 12, 1995, and ordered to pay the sum of $4,100.00 being due into some type of income producing plan with a certified copy of this investment to be furnished to the defendant. That the Court stayed the incarceration allowing the plaintiff until November 10, 1995, to invest the money and to allow him until November 15, 1995, to get the certification as to where these funds are being held in an income producing plan to the defendant and that the reports of these earnings of this investment shall be forwarded to both the plaintiff and the defendant. That the plaintiff failed to furnish the certified copies as to where these funds were invested to the defendant. That the evidence tends to show that the plaintiff furnished of [sic] this investment to his former lawyer, Mr. Worthington, but that no notification was given to the defendant as the Court ordered. The record contains competent evidence to support this finding of fact. Furthermore, this finding sufficiently supports the conclusion that the father acted with a bad faith disregard for the law. The father was given ample time to comply with the court's order. There does not appear to be any reason why the father could not have complied with the court's order, especially when considering that he was able to give the notice to his former attorney. The father's continuing failure to comply with the court's order supports the trial court's conclusion that the father was in willful civil contempt. III. The father next argues that the trial court committed error by finding that he was in contempt of the 12 October 1995 order to provide the mother with an insurance card and claim forms. We do not address this issue because the father failed to properly present the issue to this Court for review. The 12 October 1995 court order provided: 9. That the plaintiff shall provide medical and dental insurance on behalf of the minor child as previously ordered by this Court in August 2, 1990 Order. (emphasis added). The father did not include the 2 August 1990 order in the record. Under N.C.R.App. P. 9(a)(1)(d) the record on appeal must contain "copies of the pleadings, and of any pre-trial order on which the case or any part thereof was tried." Here, without the 2 August 1990 order this Court is left to guess at what that order required the father to do, and in its absence we decline to consider the father's arguments that he had complied with its requirements. Having carefully considered appellant's other arguments, we find them to be meritless and do not discuss them further. Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded. GREENE and MARK D. MARTIN, JJ., concur.	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
"""Imported from the recipes section of the itertools documentation. All functions taken from the recipes section of the itertools library docs [1]_. Some backward-compatible usability improvements have been made. .. [1] http://docs.python.org/library/itertools.html#recipes """ from collections import deque from itertools import ( chain, combinations, count, cycle, groupby, islice, repeat, starmap, tee ) import operator from random import randrange, sample, choice from six import PY2 from six.moves import filter, filterfalse, map, range, zip, zip_longest __all__ = [ 'accumulate', 'all_equal', 'consume', 'dotproduct', 'first_true', 'flatten', 'grouper', 'iter_except', 'ncycles', 'nth', 'nth_combination', 'padnone', 'pairwise', 'partition', 'powerset', 'prepend', 'quantify', 'random_combination_with_replacement', 'random_combination', 'random_permutation', 'random_product', 'repeatfunc', 'roundrobin', 'tabulate', 'tail', 'take', 'unique_everseen', 'unique_justseen', ] def accumulate(iterable, func=operator.add): """ Return an iterator whose items are the accumulated results of a function (specified by the optional func argument) that takes two arguments. By default, returns accumulated sums with :func:`operator.add`. >>> list(accumulate([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])) # Running sum [1, 3, 6, 10, 15] >>> list(accumulate([1, 2, 3], func=operator.mul)) # Running product [1, 2, 6] >>> list(accumulate([0, 1, -1, 2, 3, 2], func=max)) # Running maximum [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3] This function is available in the ``itertools`` module for Python 3.2 and greater. """ it = iter(iterable) try: total = next(it) except StopIteration: return else: yield total for element in it: total = func(total, element) yield total def take(n, iterable): """Return first n items of the iterable as a list. >>> take(3, range(10)) [0, 1, 2] >>> take(5, range(3)) [0, 1, 2] Effectively a short replacement for ``next`` based iterator consumption when you want more than one item, but less than the whole iterator. """ return list(islice(iterable, n)) def tabulate(function, start=0): """Return an iterator over the results of ``func(start)``, ``func(start + 1)``, ``func(start + 2)``... func should be a function that accepts one integer argument. If start is not specified it defaults to 0. It will be incremented each time the iterator is advanced. >>> square = lambda x: x ** 2 >>> iterator = tabulate(square, -3) >>> take(4, iterator) [9, 4, 1, 0] """ return map(function, count(start)) def tail(n, iterable): """Return an iterator over the last n items of iterable. >>> t = tail(3, 'ABCDEFG') >>> list(t) ['E', 'F', 'G'] """ return iter(deque(iterable, maxlen=n)) def consume(iterator, n=None): """Advance iterable by n steps. If n is ``None``, consume it entirely. Efficiently exhausts an iterator without returning values. Defaults to consuming the whole iterator, but an optional second argument may be provided to limit consumption. >>> i = (x for x in range(10)) >>> next(i) 0 >>> consume(i, 3) >>> next(i) 4 >>> consume(i) >>> next(i) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> StopIteration If the iterator has fewer items remaining than the provided limit, the whole iterator will be consumed. >>> i = (x for x in range(3)) >>> consume(i, 5) >>> next(i) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> StopIteration """ # Use functions that consume iterators at C speed. if n is None: # feed the entire iterator into a zero-length deque deque(iterator, maxlen=0) else: # advance to the empty slice starting at position n next(islice(iterator, n, n), None) def nth(iterable, n, default=None): """Returns the nth item or a default value. >>> l = range(10) >>> nth(l, 3) 3 >>> nth(l, 20, "zebra") 'zebra' """ return next(islice(iterable, n, None), default) def all_equal(iterable): """ Returns ``True`` if all the elements are equal to each other. >>> all_equal('aaaa') True >>> all_equal('aaab') False """ g = groupby(iterable) return next(g, True) and not next(g, False) def quantify(iterable, pred=bool): """Return the how many times the predicate is true. >>> quantify([True, False, True]) 2 """ return sum(map(pred, iterable)) def padnone(iterable): """Returns the sequence of elements and then returns ``None`` indefinitely. >>> take(5, padnone(range(3))) [0, 1, 2, None, None] Useful for emulating the behavior of the built-in :func:`map` function. See also :func:`padded`. """ return chain(iterable, repeat(None)) def ncycles(iterable, n): """Returns the sequence elements n times >>> list(ncycles(["a", "b"], 3)) ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'a', 'b'] """ return chain.from_iterable(repeat(tuple(iterable), n)) def dotproduct(vec1, vec2): """Returns the dot product of the two iterables. >>> dotproduct([10, 10], [20, 20]) 400 """ return sum(map(operator.mul, vec1, vec2)) def flatten(listOfLists): """Return an iterator flattening one level of nesting in a list of lists. >>> list(flatten([[0, 1], [2, 3]])) [0, 1, 2, 3] See also :func:`collapse`, which can flatten multiple levels of nesting. """ return chain.from_iterable(listOfLists) def repeatfunc(func, times=None, args): """Call func* with args repeatedly, returning an iterable over the results. If times is specified, the iterable will terminate after that many repetitions: >>> from operator import add >>> times = 4 >>> args = 3, 5 >>> list(repeatfunc(add, times, args)) [8, 8, 8, 8] If times* is ``None`` the iterable will not terminate: >>> from random import randrange >>> times = None >>> args = 1, 11 >>> take(6, repeatfunc(randrange, times, args)) # doctest:+SKIP [2, 4, 8, 1, 8, 4] """ if times is None: return starmap(func, repeat(args)) return starmap(func, repeat(args, times)) def pairwise(iterable): """Returns an iterator of paired items, overlapping, from the original >>> take(4, pairwise(count())) [(0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)] """ a, b = tee(iterable) next(b, None) return zip(a, b) def grouper(n, iterable, fillvalue=None): """Collect data into fixed-length chunks or blocks. >>> list(grouper(3, 'ABCDEFG', 'x')) [('A', 'B', 'C'), ('D', 'E', 'F'), ('G', 'x', 'x')] """ args = [iter(iterable)] n return zip_longest(fillvalue=fillvalue, args) def roundrobin(iterables): """Yields an item from each iterable, alternating between them. >>> list(roundrobin('ABC', 'D', 'EF')) ['A', 'D', 'E', 'B', 'F', 'C'] This function produces the same output as :func:`interleave_longest`, but may perform better for some inputs (in particular when the number of iterables is small). """ # Recipe credited to George Sakkis pending = len(iterables) if PY2: nexts = cycle(iter(it).next for it in iterables) else: nexts = cycle(iter(it).__next__ for it in iterables) while pending: try: for next in nexts: yield next() except StopIteration: pending -= 1 nexts = cycle(islice(nexts, pending)) def partition(pred, iterable): """ Returns a 2-tuple of iterables derived from the input iterable. The first yields the items that have ``pred(item) == False``. The second yields the items that have ``pred(item) == True``. >>> is_odd = lambda x: x % 2 != 0 >>> iterable = range(10) >>> even_items, odd_items = partition(is_odd, iterable) >>> list(even_items), list(odd_items) ([0, 2, 4, 6, 8], [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]) """ # partition(is_odd, range(10)) --> 0 2 4 6 8 and 1 3 5 7 9 t1, t2 = tee(iterable) return filterfalse(pred, t1), filter(pred, t2) def powerset(iterable): """Yields all possible subsets of the iterable. >>> list(powerset([1, 2, 3])) [(), (1,), (2,), (3,), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 3), (1, 2, 3)] :func:`powerset` will operate on iterables that aren't :class:`set` instances, so repeated elements in the input will produce repeated elements in the output. Use :func:`unique_everseen` on the input to avoid generating duplicates: >>> seq = [1, 1, 0] >>> list(powerset(seq)) [(), (1,), (1,), (0,), (1, 1), (1, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1, 0)] >>> from more_itertools import unique_everseen >>> list(powerset(unique_everseen(seq))) [(), (1,), (0,), (1, 0)] """ s = list(iterable) return chain.from_iterable(combinations(s, r) for r in range(len(s) + 1)) def unique_everseen(iterable, key=None): """ Yield unique elements, preserving order. >>> list(unique_everseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB')) ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'] >>> list(unique_everseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower)) ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'] Sequences with a mix of hashable and unhashable items can be used. The function will be slower (i.e., `O(n^2)`) for unhashable items. """ seenset = set() seenset_add = seenset.add seenlist = [] seenlist_add = seenlist.append if key is None: for element in iterable: try: if element not in seenset: seenset_add(element) yield element except TypeError: if element not in seenlist: seenlist_add(element) yield element else: for element in iterable: k = key(element) try: if k not in seenset: seenset_add(k) yield element except TypeError: if k not in seenlist: seenlist_add(k) yield element def unique_justseen(iterable, key=None): """Yields elements in order, ignoring serial duplicates >>> list(unique_justseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB')) ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'A', 'B'] >>> list(unique_justseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower)) ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'D'] """ return map(next, map(operator.itemgetter(1), groupby(iterable, key))) def iter_except(func, exception, first=None): """Yields results from a function repeatedly until an exception is raised. Converts a call-until-exception interface to an iterator interface. Like ``iter(func, sentinel)``, but uses an exception instead of a sentinel to end the loop. >>> l = [0, 1, 2] >>> list(iter_except(l.pop, IndexError)) [2, 1, 0] """ try: if first is not None: yield first() while 1: yield func() except exception: pass def first_true(iterable, default=None, pred=None): """ Returns the first true value in the iterable. If no true value is found, returns default If pred is not None, returns the first item for which ``pred(item) == True`` . >>> first_true(range(10)) 1 >>> first_true(range(10), pred=lambda x: x > 5) 6 >>> first_true(range(10), default='missing', pred=lambda x: x > 9) 'missing' """ return next(filter(pred, iterable), default) def random_product(args, kwds): """Draw an item at random from each of the input iterables. >>> random_product('abc', range(4), 'XYZ') # doctest:+SKIP ('c', 3, 'Z') If repeat* is provided as a keyword argument, that many items will be drawn from each iterable. >>> random_product('abcd', range(4), repeat=2) # doctest:+SKIP ('a', 2, 'd', 3) This equivalent to taking a random selection from ``itertools.product(args, kwarg)``. """ pools = [tuple(pool) for pool in args] kwds.get('repeat', 1) return tuple(choice(pool) for pool in pools) def random_permutation(iterable, r=None): """Return a random r length permutation of the elements in iterable. If r is not specified or is ``None``, then r defaults to the length of iterable. >>> random_permutation(range(5)) # doctest:+SKIP (3, 4, 0, 1, 2) This equivalent to taking a random selection from ``itertools.permutations(iterable, r)``. """ pool = tuple(iterable) r = len(pool) if r is None else r return tuple(sample(pool, r)) def random_combination(iterable, r): """Return a random r length subsequence of the elements in iterable. >>> random_combination(range(5), 3) # doctest:+SKIP (2, 3, 4) This equivalent to taking a random selection from ``itertools.combinations(iterable, r)``. """ pool = tuple(iterable) n = len(pool) indices = sorted(sample(range(n), r)) return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices) def random_combination_with_replacement(iterable, r): """Return a random r length subsequence of elements in iterable, allowing individual elements to be repeated. >>> random_combination_with_replacement(range(3), 5) # doctest:+SKIP (0, 0, 1, 2, 2) This equivalent to taking a random selection from ``itertools.combinations_with_replacement(iterable, r)``. """ pool = tuple(iterable) n = len(pool) indices = sorted(randrange(n) for i in range(r)) return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices) def nth_combination(iterable, r, index): """Equivalent to ``list(combinations(iterable, r))[index]``. The subsequences of iterable that are of length r can be ordered lexicographically. :func:`nth_combination` computes the subsequence at sort position index directly, without computing the previous subsequences. """ pool = tuple(iterable) n = len(pool) if (r < 0) or (r > n): raise ValueError c = 1 k = min(r, n - r) for i in range(1, k + 1): c = c * (n - k + i) // i if index < 0: index += c if (index < 0) or (index >= c): raise IndexError result = [] while r: c, n, r = c * r // n, n - 1, r - 1 while index >= c: index -= c c, n = c * (n - r) // n, n - 1 result.append(pool[-1 - n]) return tuple(result) def prepend(value, iterator): """Yield value, followed by the elements in iterator. >>> value = '0' >>> iterator = ['1', '2', '3'] >>> list(prepend(value, iterator)) ['0', '1', '2', '3'] To prepend multiple values, see :func:`itertools.chain`. """ return chain([value], iterator)	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Q: How to extrapolate variables to make them become globals? Let's say I have to find out the window width, the code will be: $(window).width(); and if I want it to become a global variable i just have to declare its name: var windowWidth = $(window).width(); The result will be the window's width. But I need that variable to change when things happens, for example when I resize the window: $(window).resize(function(){ var windowWidth = $(window).width(); }); How can I extrapolate this variable in order to override the one before? I can override the variable before putting the function i need in the .resize(function(); but in this way my code confusionary and I need just a variable to use it in other functions outside the resize function, for example a .click(function) $(document).ready(function(){ var w = $(window).width(); $(window).resize(function(){ var w = $(window).width(); //click function goes here. }); }); how if I want that the function above will become a whole new variable? without putting a new function in it? A: the problem with your code is that you have var twice. every time you use var you create a new variable. so just leave out the second one like this: $(document).ready(function(){ var w = $(window).width(); $(window).resize(function(){ w = $(window).width(); //click function goes here. }); });	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Neuroprotective properties of aucubin in diabetic rats and diabetic encephalopathy rats. In this study, we determined the neuroprotective effect of aucubin on diabetes and diabetic encephalopathy. With the exception of the control group, all rats received intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg) to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Aucubin (1, 5, 10 mg/kg ip) was used after induction of DM (immediately) and diabetic encephalopathy (65 days after the induction of diabetes). The diabetic encephalopathy treatment groups were divided into short-term and long-term treatment groups. Treatment responses to all parameters were examined (body weight, plasma glucose, Y-maze error rates and proportion of apoptotic cells). In diabetic rats, aucubin controlled blood glucose levels effectively, prevented complications, and improved the quality of life of diabetic rats. In diabetic encephalopathy, aucubin significantly rescued neurons in the hippocampal CA1 subfield and reduced working errors during behavioral testing. The significant neuroprotective effect of aucubin could be seen not only in the short term (15 days) but also in the long term (45 days), which was a highly encouraging finding. These data suggest that aucubin may be a potential neuroprotective agent.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Q: Frameless window with controls in electron (Windows) I want my app to have no title bar but still be closeable, draggable, minimizable, maximizable and resizable like a regular window. I can do this in OS X since there is a titleBarStyle option called hidden-inset that I can use but unfortunately it's not available for Windows, which is the platform that I'm developing for. How would I go about doing something like this in Windows? Here's an example of what I'm talking about. A: Assuming you don't want window chrome, you can accomplish this by removing the frame around Electron and filling the rest in with html/css/js. I wrote an article that achieves what you are looking for on my blog here: http://mylifeforthecode.github.io/making-the-electron-shell-as-pretty-as-the-visual-studio-shell/. Code to get you started is also hosted here: https://github.com/srakowski/ElectronLikeVS To summarize, you need to pass frame: false when you create the BrowserWindow: mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600, frame: false}); Then create and add control buttons for your title bar: <div id="title-bar"> <div id="title">My Life For The Code</div> <div id="title-bar-btns"> <button id="min-btn">-</button> <button id="max-btn">+</button> <button id="close-btn">x</button> </div> </div> Bind in the max/min/close functions in js: (function () { var remote = require('remote'); var BrowserWindow = remote.require('browser-window'); function init() { document.getElementById("min-btn").addEventListener("click", function (e) { var window = BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow(); window.minimize(); }); document.getElementById("max-btn").addEventListener("click", function (e) { var window = BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow(); window.maximize(); }); document.getElementById("close-btn").addEventListener("click", function (e) { var window = BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow(); window.close(); }); }; document.onreadystatechange = function () { if (document.readyState == "complete") { init(); } }; })(); Styling the window can be tricky, but the key use to use special properties from webkit. Here is some minimal CSS: body { padding: 0px; margin: 0px; } #title-bar { -webkit-app-region: drag; height: 24px; background-color: darkviolet; padding: none; margin: 0px; } #title { position: fixed; top: 0px; left: 6px; } #title-bar-btns { -webkit-app-region: no-drag; position: fixed; top: 0px; right: 6px; } Note that these are important: -webkit-app-region: drag; -webkit-app-region: no-drag; -webkit-app-region: drag on your 'title bar' region will make it so that you can drag it around as is common with windows. The no-drag is applied to the buttons so that they do not cause dragging. A: I was inspired by Shawn's article and apps like Hyper Terminal to figure out how to exactly replicate the Windows 10 style look as a seamless title bar, and wrote this tutorial. It includes a fix for the resizing issue Shawn mentioned, and also switches between the maximise and restore buttons, even when e.g. the window is maximised by dragging the it to the top of the screen. Quick reference Title bar height: 32px Title bar title font-size: 12px Window control buttons: 46px wide, 32px high Window control button assets from font Segoe MDL2 Assets (docs here), size: 10px Minimise:  Maximise:  Restore:  Close:  Window control button colours: varies between UWP apps, but seems to be Dark mode apps (white window controls): #FFF Light mode apps (black window controls): #171717 Close button colours Hover (:hover): background #E81123, colour #FFF Pressed (:active): background #F1707A, colour #000 or #171717 Note: in the tutorial I have switched to PNG icons with different sizes for pixel-perfect scaling, but I leave the Segoe MDL2 Assets font characters above as an alternative	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
But keeping track of what that cash is buying and where you are spending it? Not so much. And if you’re reading this and just sent a kiddo to prom and/or graduation, I feel your pain. If you’re reading this and have a kid in college, you might be better off just going and reading your bank statements from a decade ago – just to remember how much money you had when you made less money….but didn’t have a kid in college. Where does all your money go? It seems to go a little here and a little there….and before you know it, you’re avoiding purchases until that next paycheck. A December survey by the National Endowment for Financial Education and Harris Poll found that 45% of adults in the U.S. Are living paycheck to paycheck. The truly wealthy don’t have to track their expenses – they can afford to hire someone to do that for them – but for the rest of us, it pays to have some sort of system of knowing where the cash is going. Tracking expenses can be more than a chore, it’s emotionally draining, says Brad Klontz, a psychologist, financial planner and professor at Creighton University. “For most people, sitting down and tracking their expenses is a similar emotional experience to counting calories,” Klontz said. “It often generates negative feelings, guilt, remorse, shame or frustration.”	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
The world of polymers has progressed rapidly to transform material science from wood and metals of the 19th Century to the use of thermoset polymers of the mid-20th Century to the use of thermoplastic polymers of later 20th Century. An example of a popular rubber is butyl rubber which has excellent gas barrier properties. But butyl rubber is not capable of being injection molded. Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) combine the benefits of elastomeric properties of thermoset polymers, such as vulcanized rubber, with the processing properties of thermoplastic polymers. Therefore, TPEs are preferred because they can be made into articles using injection molding equipment. But often, TPEs lack gas barrier properties comparable to butyl rubber. U.S. Pat. No. 7,150,294 (Katayama et al.) discloses a two layer hose with an outer layer of a blend of styrene-isobutylene block copolymer and polyamide, and preferably also including a compatibilizer.	{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }
--- abstract: 'In this paper, we describe our method for DCASE2019 task 3: Sound Event Localization and Detection (SELD). We use four CRNN SELDnet-like single output models which run in a consecutive manner to recover all possible information of occurring events. We decompose the SELD task into estimating number of active sources, estimating direction of arrival of a single source, estimating direction of arrival of the second source where the direction of the first one is known and a multi-label classification task. We use custom consecutive ensemble to predict events’ onset, offset, direction of arrival and class. The proposed approach is evaluated on the TAU Spatial Sound Events 2019 - Ambisonic and it is compared with other participants’ submissions.' address: \| Samsung R&D Institute Poland\ Artificial Intelligence\ Warsaw, 00-844, Poland\ {s.kapka, m.lewandows4}@samsung.com bibliography: - 'refs.bib' title: 'Sound source detection, localization and classification using consecutive ensemble of CRNN models' --- DCASE 2019, Sound Event Localization and Detection, CRNN, Ambisonics Introduction {#sec:intro} ============ Sound Event Localization and Detection (SELD) is a complex task which naturally appears when one wants to develop a system that possesses spatial awareness of the surrounding world using multi-channel audio signals. This year, the task 3 from the IEEE AASP Challenge on Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE 2019) [@dcase2019web] concerned the SELD problem. SELDnet introduced in [@Adavanne2018_JSTSP] is a single system of a good quality designed for the SELD task, and the slight modification of SELDnet was set as the baseline system [@Adavanne2019_DCASE] during the DCASE 2019 Challenge. Solely based on [@Adavanne2018_JSTSP] and [@Adavanne2019_DCASE], we develop a novel system designed for the task 3 from the DCASE 2019 Challenge. In our work, we follow the philosophy that if a complex problem can be split into simpler ones, one should do so. Thus we decompose the SELD task with up to 2 active sound sources into the following subtasks: - estimating the number of active sources (noas), - estimating the direction of arrival of a sound event when there is one active sound source (doa1), - estimating the direction of arrival of a sound event when there are two active sound sources and we posses the knowledge of the direction of arrival of one of these sound events, which we will call an associated event (doa2), - multi-label classification of sound events (class). For each of this subtasks, we develop a SELDnet-like convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) with a single output. We discuss it in detail in section \[sec:architect\]. Given such models, we develop a custom consecutive ensemble of these models. This allows us to predict the events’ onset, offset, direction of arrival and class, which we discuss in detail in section \[sec:ensemble\]. Due to the sequential nature of generating predictions in our system, errors in models’ predictions may cascade, and thus an overall error may cumulate. Despite this drawback, our system acquire very good results on the TAU Spatial Sound Events 2019 - Ambisonic database. We discuss the results in detail in section \[sec:results\]. ![An example of the normalised amplitude spectrogram in the decibel scale and the normalised phase spectrogram obtained from the first foa channel from some randomly selected recording. The horizontal and vertical axes denote frame numbers and frequencies respectively obtained from the STFT. Note that the values from the legends on the right are dimensionless due to the normalization used in the preprocessing.[]{data-label="fig:spectrograms"}](spectrogram_final.png){width="\columnwidth"} Features {#sec:features} ======== The DCASE 2019 task 3 provides two formats of the TAU Spatial Sound Events 2019 dataset: first order ambisonic (foa) and 4 channels from a microphone array (mic) [@Adavanne2019_DCASE]. In our method we only use the ambisonic format. Each recording is approximately 1 minute long with sampling rate of 48k. We use the short time Fourier transform (STFT) with Hann window. We use the window of length 0.4s and hop of length 0.2s in STFT to transform a raw audio associated to each foa channel into the complex spectrogram of size 3000x1024. If audio is longer than 1 minute, we truncate spectrograms. If an audio is shorter than 1 minute, we pad them with zeros. From each complex spectrogram we extract its module and phase point-wise, that is amplitude and phase spectrograms, respectively. We transform amplitude spectrograms to the decibel scale. Finally, we standardize all spectrograms frequency-wise to zero mean and unit variance, to obtain spectrograms as in Figure \[fig:spectrograms\]. In summary, from each recording we acquire 4 standardized amplitude spectrograms in the decibel scale and 4 standardized phase spectrograms corresponding to 4 foa channels. Architecture {#sec:architect} ============ As mentioned in the introduction, each of the subtasks (noas, doa1, doa2 and class) has its own SELDnet-like CRNN. Each of these models is a copy of a single SELDnet node with just minor adjustments so that it fits to the specific subtask and for the regularization purpose. Each of these models takes as an input a fixed length subsequence of decibel scale amplitude spectrograms (in case of noas and class subtasks) or both decibel scale amplitude and phase spectrograms (in case of doa1 and doa2 subtasks) from all 4 channels. In each case, the input layers are followed by 3 convolutional layer blocks. Each block is made of a convolutional layer, batch norm, relu activation, maxpool and dropout. The output from the last convolutional block is reshaped so that it forms a multivariate sequence of a fixed length. In the case of doa2, we additionaly concatenate directions of arrivals of associated events with this multivariate sequence. Next, there are two recurrent layers (GRU or LSTM) with 128 units each with dropout and recurrent dropout. Next layer is a time distributed dense layer with dropout and with the number of units depending on subtask. Lastly, depending on a subtask, the model has a different output. For noas, the model has just a single time distributed output that corresponds to the number of active sources (0, 1 or 2). For doa1 and doa2, the models have 3 time distributed outputs that corresponds to cartesian xyz coordinates as in [@Adavanne2018_JSTSP]. Cartesian coordinates are advantageous over spherical coordinates in this task due to their continuity. Lastly, for class, the model has 11 time distributed outputs corresponding to 11 possible classes. We present the detailed architecture in Table \[tab:parameteres\]. [\6l]{} Layer Type* & Parameters & noas & doa1 & doa2 & class\ Input & Shape & $256 \times 1024 \times 4$ & $128 \times 1024 \times 8$ & $128 \times 1024 \times 8$ & $128 \times 1024 \times 4$\ ConvBlock\* & Pool & 8 & 8 & 8 & 8\ ConvBlock\* & Pool & 8 & 8 & 8 & 8\ ConvBlock\* & Pool & 4 & 4 & 4 & 4\ Reshape & Sequence length $\times$ features & $256 \times -1$ & $128 \times -1$ & $128 \times -1$ & $128 \times -1$\ Doa2 input & Is used & False & False & True & False\ Concatenate & Is used & False & False & True & False\ RecBlock\\** & Unit type & GRU & LSTM & GRU & GRU\ RecBlock\\** & Unit type & GRU & LSTM & GRU & GRU\ TD Dense & Number of units & $16$ & $128$ & $128$ & $16$\ Dropout & Dropout rate & $0.2$ & $0.2$ & $0.2$ & $0.2$\ TD Dense & Number of units & $1$ & $3$ & $3$ & $11$\ Activation & Function & linear & linear & linear & sigmoid\ \ConvBlock$(P)$&\ Conv2D &\ BatchNorm & —\ Activation &\ MaxPooling2D &\ Dropout &\ \\RecBlock$(U)$&\ Recurrent &\ Activation &\ Dropout &\ \[tab:parameteres\] Depending on a subtask, we feed the network with the whole recordings or just their parts. For noas, we feed all the data. For doa1, we extract only those parts of the recordings where there is just one sound source active. For doa2, we extract only those parts of the recordings where there are exactly two active sound sources. For class, we extract those parts of the recordings where there are at least one active source. As for the learning process, we used mean square error loss for the noas, doa1, doa2* subtasks and binary cross-entropy loss for the class subtask. For all subtasks we initialised learning process using Adam optimizer with default parameters [@Adam]. The noas and class subtasks were learned for 500 epochs with exponential learning rate decay; every 5 epochs the learning rate were multiplied by 0.95. In doa1 and doa2 subtasks, we run learning process for 1000 epochs without changing the initial learning rate. As for complexity, the noas, doa1, doa2 and class have , , and parameters respectively, making total of parameters. Consecutive ensemble {#sec:ensemble} ==================== In this section, we introduce and describe the idea of the consecutive ensemble which is the core of our approach. This custom binding of our four models allows us to predict the events’ onset, offset, direction of arrival and class. The algorithm {#ssec:algorithm} ------------- We assume that recordings have at most 2 active sound sources at once and the sound events occur on a 10 degrees resolution grid. In our setting, the audios after feature extraction have exactly 3000 vectors corresponding to the time dimension. Henceforth we will call these vectors as frames. The algorithm itself goes as follows: 1\. We feed the features to the noas network to predict the number of active sources (NOAS) in each frame. 2\. We transform the predicted NOAS so that each recording starts and ends with no sound sources and the difference of NOAS between each frames is no greater than 1. 3\. From the predicted NOAS we deduce the number of events, their onsets and the list of possible offsets for each event. If NOAS in two consecutive frames increases, then we predict that a new event happened at the second frame. If in two consecutive frames NOAS decreases, then we append the first frame to all events since last time NOAS was 0 as a possible offset. 4\. In order to determine which offset corresponds to which event we use the doa1 network. We extract chunks (intervals of equal NOAS) of audio where the predicted NOAS equals 1 and we feed it to doa1 network. For each chunk where NOAS was 1 we predict the average azimuth and elevation, and we round it to the closest multiple of 10. If two consecutive chunks have the same azimuth and elevation then we conclude that the first event covered two chunks and the second event started and ended between those chunks. If two consecutive chunks have a different azimuth or elevation, then we conclude that the first event ended when the second chunk started and the second event continued in the second chunk. 5\. To determine the remaining information about angles we need to predict the direction of arrival (DOA) of events that start and end while the associated event is happening. We feed the chunks where NOAS is 2 to the doa2 network with the second input being DOA of the associated event in cartesian xyz coordinates. Similarly as in step 4, we average the predicted results from chunks and round it to the closest multiple of 10. 6\. Lastly, we predict the events’ classes. If an event has chunks where the event is happening in an isolation (NOAS = 1), then all such chunks are feed to the class network and the most probable class (using soft voting among frames) is taken as a predicted class. If an event has no such chunks, i.e. the event is only happening with an associated event, then such chunk (NOAS = 2) is fed to the network and two most probable classes are extracted. We choose the first one which does not equal to the class of the associated event. An example {#ssec:example} ---------- The algorithm itself may seem quite complex at first glance. Hence, we investigate here a concrete example. Given a recording constituting of 3000 vectors, we predict its NOAS in each frame as in Figure \[fig:noas\]. For the sake of clarity we constrain only to a part of the recording. Consider a block with predicted NOAS as in the top plot from Figure \[fig:example2\]. According to the step 3 from the algorithm, we predict that 3 events happened here: $E_1, E_2, E_3$ with 3 corresponding onsets $On_1, On_2, On_3$. Events $E_1$ and $E_2$ may end at $Off_1, Off_2$ or $Off_3$ and event $E_3$ may end at $Off_2$ or $Off_3$ (see the bottom plot from Figure \[fig:example2\]). According to the step 4 from the algorithm, we predict DOA using doa1 in chunks from $On_1$ to $On_2$, from $Off_1$ to $On_3$ and from $Off_2$ to $Off_3$. Based on that we deduce the events’ offsets as in Figure \[fig:example2\]. Based on step 5 from the algorithm, we predict the DOA of chunk from $On_3$ to $Off_2$ using doa2 where the associated DOA is the DOA of $E_2$. Lastly we deduce classes of the events $E_1, E_2$ and $E_3$. According to the step 6 form the algorithm, we predict class of $E_1$ based on the chunk from $On_1$ to $On_2$, predict the class of $E_2$ based on chunks from $Off_1$ to $On_3$ and from $Off_2$ to $Off_3$. Finally, we predict the class of $E_3$ based on the chunk from $On_3$ to $Off_2$. If the predicted class of $E_3$ is the same as the class of $E_2$ then we predict it to be the second most probable class from the class network. ![The plot visualising the predicted number of active sources for some randomly selected recording.[]{data-label="fig:noas"}](noas_final.png){width="\columnwidth"} ![image](example_final.png){width="\textwidth"} Results {#sec:results} ======= We evaluate our results on TAU Spatial Sound Events 2019 - Ambisonic dataset. This dataset constitutes of two parts: the development and evaluation sets. The development part consists of 400 recordings with predefined 4-fold cross-validation and the evaluation part consists of 100 recordings. The results from this section relate to our submission `Kapka_SRPOL_task3_2`. Development phase {#ssec:develop} ----------------- As for the development part, we used 2 splits out of 4 for training for every fold using the suggested cross-validation even though validation splits do not influence the training process. We show in Table \[tab:results\] the averaged metrics from all folds for our setting and metrics for the baseline [@Adavanne2019_DCASE]. In order to demonstrate the variance among folds, we present in Table \[tab:test\_splits\] the detailed results on the test splits from each fold. The development set provides the distinction for the files where there is up to 1 active sound source at once (ov1) and where there are up to 2 (ov2). In Table \[tab:ov1\_ov2\] we compare metrics for the ov1 and ov2 subsets. [l\5c]{} & Error rate & F-score & DOA error & Frame recall & Seld score\ Train & 0.03 & 0.98 & 2.71 & 0.98 & 0.02\ Val. & 0.15 & 0.89 & 4.81 & 0.95 & 0.08\ Test & 0.14 & 0.90 & 4.75 & 0.95 & 0.08\ Baseline & 0.34 & 0.80 & 28.5 & 0.85 & 0.22\ \[tab:results\] [l\5c]{} & Error rate & F-score & DOA error & Frame recall & Seld score\ Split 1 & 0.13 & 0.91 & 6.01 & 0.95 & 0.07\ Split 2 & 0.16 & 0.88 & 6.01 & 0.95 & 0.09\ Split 3 & 0.11 & 0.93 & 4.93 & 0.96 & 0.06\ Split 4 & 0.17 & 0.86 & 5.89 & 0.96 & 0.10\ \[tab:test\_splits\] [l\5c]{} & Error rate & F-score & DOA error & Frame recall & Seld score\ ov1 & 0.07 & 0.94 & 1.28 & 0.99 & 0.04\ ov2 & 0.18 & 0.87 & 7.96 & 0.93 & 0.11\ \[tab:ov1\_ov2\] Official results {#ssec:official} ---------------- For the evaluation part, we used all 4 splits for training from the development set. We compare our final results with the selected submissions in Table \[tab:comparison\]. The idea of decomposing the SELD task into simpler ones proved to be a very popular idea among contestants. The recent two-stage approach to SELD introduced in [@Cao_oryginal] was used and developed further by many. The best submission using two-step approach `Cao_Surrey_task3_4` [@Cao] obtained results very similar to ours. `He_THU_task3_2` [@He] and `Chang_HYU_task3_3` [@Chang] outperform our submission in SED metrics and DOA error respectively. However, our approach based on estimating NOAS first allows us to outperform all contestants in frame recall. [\2l\4c]{} Rank* & Submission name & Error rate & F-score & DOA error & Frame recall\ 1 & `Kapka_SRPOL_task3_2` & 0.08 & 94.7 & 3.7 & 96.8\ 4 & `Cao_Surrey_task3_4` & 0.08 & 95.5 & 5.5 & 92.2\ 6 & `He_THU_task3_2` & 0.06 & 96.7 & 22.4 & 94.1\ 19 & `Chang_HYU_task3_3` & 0.14 & 91.9 & 2.7 & 90.8\ 48 & `DCASE2019_FOA_baseline` & 0.28 & 85.4 & 24.6 & 85.7\ \[tab:comparison\] Submissions {#sec:submission} =========== Overall, we created 4 submissions for the competition: - ConseqFOA (`Kapka_SRPOL_task3_2`), - ConseqFOA1 (`Kapka_SRPOL_task3_3`), - ConseqFOAb (`Kapka_SRPOL_task3_4`), - MLDcT32019 (`Lewandowski_SRPOL_task3_1`). The first three submissions use the approach described in the above sections. The only difference is that ConseqFOA is trained on all four splits from development dataset. ConseqFOA1 is trained on splits 2,3,4. ConseqFOAb is trained on all splits but the classifier in this version was trained using categorical cross-entropy instead of binary cross-entropy loss. Our MLDcT32019 submission uses a different approach. It works in the same way as the original SELDnet architecture but with the following differences: - We implemented the Squeeze-and-Excitation block [@Hu_2018_CVPR] after the last convolutional block. We pass the output from the last convolutional block through two densely connected neural layers with respectively 1 and 4 neurons, we multiply it with the output of the last convolutional block and we pass it further to recurrent layers. - We set all dropout rates to $0.2$. - We used SpecAugment [@specAug] as an augmentation technique to double the training dataset. - We replaced recurrent layer GRU units with LSTM units. Conclusion {#sec:conclusion} ========== We conclude that decomposing the SELD problem into simpler tasks is instinctive and efficient. However, we are aware that our solution has some serious limitations and it fails when one wants to consider a more general setup. For example when there are more than 2 active sources at once or when the grid resolution is more refined. Thus, we claim that the pursuit for universal and efficient SELD solutions is still open. Acknowledgement {#sec:acknowledgement} =============== We are most grateful to Zuzanna Kwiatkowska for spending her time on careful reading with a deep understanding the final draft of this paper.	{ "pile_set_name": "ArXiv" }
Successful prevention of tunneled, central catheter infection by antibiotic lock therapy using vancomycin and gentamycin. Tunneled, cuffed central vein catheters (TCC) are widely used for delivering hemodialysis (HD). Among the complications associated with central vein catheters in HD patients, infection is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality. The optimal strategy for management of TCC infections is unclear. This prospective study was aimed at assessing the efficacy of antibiotic-lock therapy using vancomycin and gentamycin in preventing catheter-related blood stream bacterial infection in patients on HD. A total of 63 HD patients with 81 TCC were enrolled at the time of catheter insertion. Patients were randomized into two groups: Group I (33 patients, 37 insertions) included TCC with antibiotic lock therapy and Group II (30 patients, 44 insertions) with routine TCC management. Infection-free catheter survival of both groups was evaluated and compared at the end of the 12-month study period. A total of 57 TCC infections were encountered with an incidence rate of 8.95 infections per 1000 dialysis sessions (DS). The rate of infection was significantly lower in Group I (4.54 per 1000 DS) as compared to Group II (13.11 per 1000 DS), p 0.05). Our study suggests that antibiotic-lock therapy using a combination of vancomycin and gentamycin is useful in preventing catheter-related blood stream infection in patients on HD.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
#include <stdlib.h> #include "buffer.h" #include "chunk.h" #include "cmark.h" #include "utf8.h" #include "render.h" #include "node.h" static CMARK_INLINE void S_cr(cmark_renderer renderer) { if (renderer->need_cr < 1) { renderer->need_cr = 1; } } static CMARK_INLINE void S_blankline(cmark_renderer renderer) { if (renderer->need_cr < 2) { renderer->need_cr = 2; } } static void S_out(cmark_renderer renderer, const char source, bool wrap, cmark_escaping escape) { int length = strlen(source); unsigned char nextc; int32_t c; int i = 0; int last_nonspace; int len; cmark_chunk remainder = cmark_chunk_literal(""); int k = renderer->buffer->size - 1; wrap = wrap && !renderer->no_linebreaks; if (renderer->in_tight_list_item && renderer->need_cr > 1) { renderer->need_cr = 1; } while (renderer->need_cr) { if (k < 0 \|\| renderer->buffer->ptr[k] == '\n') { k -= 1; } else { cmark_strbuf_putc(renderer->buffer, '\n'); if (renderer->need_cr > 1) { cmark_strbuf_put(renderer->buffer, renderer->prefix->ptr, renderer->prefix->size); } } renderer->column = 0; renderer->last_breakable = 0; renderer->begin_line = true; renderer->begin_content = true; renderer->need_cr -= 1; } while (i < length) { if (renderer->begin_line) { cmark_strbuf_put(renderer->buffer, renderer->prefix->ptr, renderer->prefix->size); // note: this assumes prefix is ascii: renderer->column = renderer->prefix->size; } len = cmark_utf8proc_iterate((const uint8_t )source + i, length - i, &c); if (len == -1) { // error condition return; // return without rendering rest of string } nextc = source[i + len]; if (c == 32 && wrap) { if (!renderer->begin_line) { last_nonspace = renderer->buffer->size; cmark_strbuf_putc(renderer->buffer, ' '); renderer->column += 1; renderer->begin_line = false; renderer->begin_content = false; // skip following spaces while (source[i + 1] == ' ') { i++; } // We don't allow breaks that make a digit the first character // because this causes problems with commonmark output. if (!cmark_isdigit(source[i + 1])) { renderer->last_breakable = last_nonspace; } } } else if (escape == LITERAL) { if (c == 10) { cmark_strbuf_putc(renderer->buffer, '\n'); renderer->column = 0; renderer->begin_line = true; renderer->begin_content = true; renderer->last_breakable = 0; } else { cmark_render_code_point(renderer, c); renderer->begin_line = false; // we don't set 'begin_content' to false til we've // finished parsing a digit. Reason: in commonmark // we need to escape a potential list marker after // a digit: renderer->begin_content = renderer->begin_content && cmark_isdigit(c) == 1; } } else { (renderer->outc)(renderer, escape, c, nextc); renderer->begin_line = false; renderer->begin_content = renderer->begin_content && cmark_isdigit(c) == 1; } // If adding the character went beyond width, look for an // earlier place where the line could be broken: if (renderer->width > 0 && renderer->column > renderer->width && !renderer->begin_line && renderer->last_breakable > 0) { // copy from last_breakable to remainder cmark_chunk_set_cstr(renderer->mem, &remainder, (char )renderer->buffer->ptr + renderer->last_breakable + 1); // truncate at last_breakable cmark_strbuf_truncate(renderer->buffer, renderer->last_breakable); // add newline, prefix, and remainder cmark_strbuf_putc(renderer->buffer, '\n'); cmark_strbuf_put(renderer->buffer, renderer->prefix->ptr, renderer->prefix->size); cmark_strbuf_put(renderer->buffer, remainder.data, remainder.len); renderer->column = renderer->prefix->size + remainder.len; cmark_chunk_free(renderer->mem, &remainder); renderer->last_breakable = 0; renderer->begin_line = false; renderer->begin_content = false; } i += len; } } // Assumes no newlines, assumes ascii content: void cmark_render_ascii(cmark_renderer renderer, const char s) { int origsize = renderer->buffer->size; cmark_strbuf_puts(renderer->buffer, s); renderer->column += renderer->buffer->size - origsize; } void cmark_render_code_point(cmark_renderer renderer, uint32_t c) { cmark_utf8proc_encode_char(c, renderer->buffer); renderer->column += 1; } char cmark_render(cmark_node root, int options, int width, void (outc)(cmark_renderer , cmark_escaping, int32_t, unsigned char), int (render_node)(cmark_renderer renderer, cmark_node node, cmark_event_type ev_type, int options)) { cmark_mem mem = cmark_node_mem(root); cmark_strbuf pref = CMARK_BUF_INIT(mem); cmark_strbuf buf = CMARK_BUF_INIT(mem); cmark_node cur; cmark_event_type ev_type; char result; cmark_iter iter = cmark_iter_new(root); cmark_renderer renderer = {mem, &buf, &pref, 0, width, 0, 0, true, true, false, false, outc, S_cr, S_blankline, S_out}; while ((ev_type = cmark_iter_next(iter)) != CMARK_EVENT_DONE) { cur = cmark_iter_get_node(iter); if (!render_node(&renderer, cur, ev_type, options)) { // a false value causes us to skip processing // the node's contents. this is used for // autolinks. cmark_iter_reset(iter, cur, CMARK_EVENT_EXIT); } } // ensure final newline if (renderer.buffer->size == 0 \|\| renderer.buffer->ptr[renderer.buffer->size - 1] != '\n') { cmark_strbuf_putc(renderer.buffer, '\n'); } result = (char *)cmark_strbuf_detach(renderer.buffer); cmark_iter_free(iter); cmark_strbuf_free(renderer.prefix); cmark_strbuf_free(renderer.buffer); return result; }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Endoscopic lung volume reduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a category of diseases characterized by chronic airflow obstruction and hyperinflation. The GOLD committee and the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society have published detailed, evidence-based reviews of management approaches, providing stepped-care algorithms for pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapy. Over the past several decades, much effort was spent in designing additional nonpharmacologic approaches to ameliorate symptoms in these patients. Three endoscopic lung volume reduction principles have shown promise and reached later-stage clinical trials in patients with heterogeneous emphysematous diseases. These include so-called blocking devices (valves), nonblocking devices (coils) and irreversible nonblocking techniques (bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation, polymeric lung volume reduction) designed to collapse and remodel hyperinflated lung. For homogeneous diseases the formation of airway bypass tracts designed to facilitate emptying of damaged lung regions with long expiratory times is being investigated.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
201 P.3d 293 (2009) 225 Or. App. 417 TRI-COUNTY CENTER TRUST, successor in interest to Gordon R. Martin, Sr., Plaintiff-Respondent, v. Stephen B. MARTIN, personal representative of the Estate of Gordon S. Martin, Jr., Deceased, and Tigard Triangle Development, LLC, Defendants-Appellants. C000763CV, A125278. Court of Appeals of Oregon. Argued and Submitted July 3, 2008. Decided January 28, 2009. 294 Robert J. Custis argued the cause and filed the briefs for appellants. Gregory J. Miner, Portland, argued the cause for respondent. With him on the briefs were Travis W. Hall and Bateman Seidel Miner Blomgren Chellis & Gram, P.C. Before EDMONDS, Presiding Judge, and ARMSTRONG, Judge, and WOLLHEIM, Judge. ARMSTRONG, J. Defendants appeal from a judgment directing the partition by division of real property that the original parties held as tenants in common.[1] The issue presented on appeal is whether real property that was owned by one of the original cotenants and his wife and that adjoined the partitioned property could be considered in assessing the potential use and value of the partitioned property in order to divide the property between the cotenants equally. Defendants contend that the adjoining property should have been considered in making the division by assigning a plottage value to the portion of the partitioned property that was distributed to the party who owned the adjoining property with his wife, which would reflect the fact that that party could combine his portion and the adjoining property to allow a more intensive and, hence, valuable use of the combined property. We review de novo. ORS 19.415(3); Maupin v. Opie, 156 Or.App. 52, 55, 964 P.2d 1117, rev. den., 328 Or. 194, 977 P.2d 1172 (1998). For the reasons explained below, we reject the use of plottage value in this case and affirm. The original parties to this action were a father, Gordon R. Martin, Senior (Senior), and his son, Gordon S. Martin, Junior (Junior), who owned land in Tigard as tenants in common. The property consisted of four parcels of development property totaling approximately 16 acres.[2] It was largely landlocked from major streets, except for portions lining SW 72nd Avenue to the east and a small portion that had access to Hermoso Way, a smaller street to the south. The property also adjoined approximately 10 acres of property to the southeast, part of which had access to SW 72nd Avenue and all of which Senior and his wife owned. Those characteristics of the property are depicted in the following map. 295 The entire 26-acre plot was subject to a vested development plan approved by the City of Tigard. However, Senior and Junior could not agree on how to develop the 16-acre plot, making the sale or lease of either the 26-acre plot or the 16-acre plot impossible. In light of that stalemate, Senior brought an action in equity in 2000, seeking, among other things, to partition the land by public sale. Junior, in response, sought partition in kind. The court appointed three refereesLiebow, Wapnick, and Woodto make recommendations regarding partition of the property. The referees first concluded that the parties' development of the full 26 acres under the approved development plan would achieve the highest value to the parties. Barring that, the referees determined that a public sale of the entire 26 acres, rather than a partition in kind, would result in the highest value to the parties. Absent the parties' ability to agree on the development or sale of the entire 26 acres, the referees focused on the 16 acres subject to the partition proceeding. They concluded that a public sale of the 16-acre plot would realize the highest value to the parties, at an average of approximately $8 per square foot. In contrast, the referees concluded that, if the court were to order partition in kind and each party developed his portion independently, the average value of the property would drop to $6.40 per square foot due to "access challenges" and other considerations. The referees also noted that, in the event of an in-kind partition, an equal partition should be based on value, not pro rata on an acreage or square-foot basis, because the portion fronting SW 72nd Avenue had visibility and access from that street, whereas the interior portion, which adjoined the 10-acre plot owned by Senior and had limited access only to Hermoso Way, was "access and site challenged." They calculated the value of the property fronting SW 72nd Avenue at $16 per square foot and the interior portion at approximately $4 per square foot. Accordingly, the referees recommended that, 296 if the court were inclined to order an equal partition in kind between the parties, it award Junior 3.134 acres of the higher-value land fronting SW 72nd Avenue (East partition) and Senior the remaining 12.536 acres making up the lower-value interior portion (West partition). After reviewing the report and testimony by two of the referees at a hearing, Judge Bonebrake concluded that the value that each party would realize from a partition in kind would "not be materially less than that party's share of money that could be obtained for the whole by public sale" for several reasons. He first noted that the referees' conclusions about the development of the full 26 acres were "not particularly relevant" to the proceeding, given that the parties were unable to agree on development, and, hence, that he was "dealing only with the 16-acre plot." He then opined that the access challenges to the West partitiona factor in the referees' conclusion that the land's average value declined from $8 per square foot at public sale to $6.40 per square foot if partitioned in kindwould be mitigated by granting a nonexclusive easement across the East partition, and by incorporating the fact that Senior owned the adjoining 10 acres "over which access exists." Finally, he observed that, even if the 16-acre plot was worth $8 per square foot in an arm's-length transaction, the land was unlikely to fetch that price at public sale. Accordingly, Judge Bonebrake directed the referees to partition the 16-acre plot, awarding Junior the East partition, "subject to a non-exclusive easement of appropriate width across that property" to benefit the West partition, which was to be awarded to Senior. The judge further directed: "In dividing the property so that each party is awarded property of equal value, the referees, in addition to the foregoing, will take into account the fact that [Senior] and his wife own the adjoining ten acres over which access to [the West partition from SW 72nd Avenue] may occur." That opinion issued in December 2001. In February 2004, the referees subsequently submitted a revised report to Judge McElligott.[3] In that report, the referees observed that the plot measured approximately 15.67 acres and recommended that the court award Junior 4.67 acres of the East partition (up from the 3.134 acres recommended in 2001) and Senior 11.00 acres (down from the 12.536 acres originally recommended). The referees outlined their methodology for reaching those results. First, the referees determined the value of the full plot, in light of Judge Bonebrake's instructions to assume no access problems for the West partition, to average $12.50 per square foot, for a total value of $8,532,315. Accordingly, the referees began with the assumption that an equal partition required each party to receive land valued at $4,266,157.50. From that initial value, the referees adjusted the value attributable to each party based on (1) a $100,000 mortgage that encumbered a tax lot entirely within the West partition and (2) a $300,000 payment that Senior had made to the City of Tigard in 2003 to pay the interest due on a Local Improvement District (LID) assessment on a tax lot that made up the majority of the 16-acre plot.[4] The referees recommended increasing Senior's share by $200,000 (the sum of one-half of the mortgage and one-half of the LID interest payment) and reducing Junior's share by the same. The referees maintained their opinion that the East partition had higher value than the West partition, and assigned the East partition a value of $20 per square foot based on "current pad transactions in the region." Hence, they recommended that the court award Junior 4.67 acres[5] valued at $20 per square foot, for a 297 full value of $4,066,157.50. The referees did not assign an independent value to the land in the West partition; rather, based on the value attributable to the land in the East partition and the average land value of $12.50 per square foot for all of the land in the 16-acre plot, they determined that an award of the remaining 11 acres was worth $4,466,157.50. The referees also considered the court-ordered easement in the East partition and determined that it had no material value to either party. Because Senior could create access through the adjoining 10-acre plot, he did not need the easement through the East partition. Further, the referees agreed that, even if there were such an easement, it would not affect the value of the East partition. In April 2004, Judge McElligott held a hearing to review the referees' report. Two of the referees, Liebow and Wood, testified at the hearing. They each stated that they had understood Judge Bonebrake's instruction to consider Senior's adjoining property "over which access may occur" to mean that the referees were to assume, for valuation purposes, that the proposed partition awarded to Senior would have adequate access to SW 72nd Avenue through his adjoining 10-acre plot. Furthermore, Wood explained that they decided to incorporate an adjustment for the LID interest payment because it was a mandatory payment that, normally, partners in the property would share equally. In this case, Wood explained, Senior had paid the entire amount of interest duein other words, both his and Junior's shareto avoid foreclosure on the property, and, accordingly, the referees adjusted the amount of land awarded to each party to account for that debt. Junior presented the report and expert testimony of Jensen, a real property appraiser, whom Junior had retained to review the referees' opinion and to appraise the proposed partitions independently. Jensen agreed with the referees that the East partition had a higher value than the West partition; however, he initially valued the partitions at $15 and $10 per square foot, respectively, based on the value of roughly comparable land in the Portland metropolitan area that, like the East partition, required some improvements before the property could be developed. Jensen then adjusted the value of the West partition based in large part on "plottage value," a figure that takes into account Senior's 10-acre plot adjacent to the West partition and the possibility that Senior could unify both properties to attract a large retailer and, accordingly, command a higher value. Jensen calculated the plottage to add $5 per square foot to the West partition's value (for a total value of $15 per square foot). Rather than reflect that value by adjusting the division of the land, which Jensen believed would destroy Senior's ability to develop the West partition for a large retail use, Jensen recommended that the court award an equalizing payment of $910,642.50 from Senior to Junior. In findings of fact, Judge McElligott largely adopted the referees' recommendations. He found that the entire parcel had a value of $8,532,315 (based on the referees' conclusion that the average value was $12.50 per square foot), and that, before any adjustments, each party was to receive a partition valued at $4,266,157.50. He also found that the East partition was worth $20 per square foot, resulting in an award to Junior, before adjustments, of 213,307.87 square feet (or 4.8969 acres) as his equal value share. He then allocated the remainder of the property to Senior (469,277.33 square feet or 10.7731 acres) and found, by dividing the full value Senior was to receive ($4,266,157.50) by 469,277.33 square feet, that that property was valued at $9.09 per square foot. The court also adopted the referees' recommendation that Junior should forfeit land worth $200,000 to reflect his share of the mortgage and the LID interest expense. However, the court set aside the referees' determination that those adjustments be calculated at $20 per square foot; rather, the court determined that the adjustments should be calculated at $14.545, which was the average between 298 $20 per square foot, the value of the East partition, and $9.09 per square foot, the value of the West partition. The court allowed Junior to pay Senior the LID interest owed before the judgment to avoid any adjustment for the debt. In the event that Junior did not elect that option, which he ultimately did not, the court calculated Junior's net allocated share of property to be 4.5835 acres, with Senior receiving the remaining 11.0865. The court also rejected Junior's request to adjust the partition based on various topographical improvements that the East partition required before it could be developed. That judgment was entered in June 2004; the court subsequently issued a supplemental judgment, corrected general judgment, corrected findings of fact, and corrected supplemental judgment by August 2004.[6] Junior appealed the June 2004 judgment as well as the subsequent judgments but did not file a supersedeas undertaking. After Junior filed his appeal, several events occurred. In June 2005, Senior sold the West partition and the adjacent 10-acre plot to Pacific Realty Associates and transferred the proceeds to the current plaintiff, Tri-County Center Trust. Following that sale, Senior moved to dismiss the appeal on the ground that that sale of the West partition rendered the appeal moot because there was no practical relief that we could award on appeal. Junior opposed Senior's motion to dismiss on the ground that we would have authority to award compensation in lieu of adjusting the size of partitions awarded. The motions panel of this court deferred to the merits panel a ruling on the motion because it appeared to be inextricably bound up with the merits of the appeal. In December 2006, Junior transferred the East partition to one of the current defendants, Tigard Triangle Development, LLC. In January 2007, Junior died. Senior subsequently renewed his motion to dismiss the appeal for mootness because the judgment partitioning the property was entirely in-kind, both parties had transferred the property, and, accordingly, we could not alter the partition. Alternatively, Senior moved for the court (1) to substitute Tri-County Center Trust in his place as plaintiff, and (2) to substitute Tigard Triangle Development in place of Junior as defendant. Junior's estate, meanwhile, moved to substitute Stephen B. Martin, personal representative of Junior's estate, as defendant. Because it was unclear whether Junior had assigned his interest in the litigation to Tigard Triangle Development or whether, upon Junior's death, Junior's interest inured to his estate and whether those events rendered the appeal moot, the motions panel allowed all of the motions to substitute parties and deferred to the merits panel a decision on Senior's motion to dismiss for mootness. On appeal, defendants make two assignments of error. First, defendants argue that the trial court erred in relying on the referees' report rather than Jensen's appraisal to make its findings of fact. Second, they argue that the trial court erred by accepting the referees' recommendation to split the LID interest expense between the parties equally. Defendants assert that the LID interest expense should have been divided on a square-foot basis, the manner in which the city assesses that expense. In response, plaintiff reasserts its argument that defendants' appeal is moot based on the subsequent transfers of the partitions and defendants' failure to file a supersedeas bond. Alternatively, it responds that the trial court did not err in relying on the referees' report, and that the court properly split the LID expense as past debt jointly owed by the parties as tenants in common. We begin by addressing plaintiff's motion to dismiss the appeal as moot. A case is moot when "a court's decision no longer will have a practical effect on or concerning the rights of the parties." Brumnett v. PSRB, 315 Or. 402, 406, 848 P.2d 1194 (1993). Our case law does not directly address what a "practical effect" entails in situations in which parties subsequently transfer land subject to an in-kind partition proceeding, nor whether we may make a monetary adjustment on appeal to correct an entirely in-kind partition. However, on de novo review, 299 the record supports a partition based either on the referees' report, which recommended a land partition based on relative values of land and adjusted for debts attributable to that land, or the Jensen appraisal, which advocated the same allocation of land but with a $910,642.50 equalizing payment to correct alleged errors in the referees' recommendations. Thus framed, the relief at issue on appeal is solely monetary, and we cannot identify a principle that would foreclose our ability to give defendants the monetary award that they seek. Hence, we conclude that the appeal is not moot. Thus, the central issue here is whether the trial court properly relied on the referees' report rather than the Jensen appraisal in awarding the parties an equitable partition in kind. The primary difference between the referees' conclusions and Jensen's conclusions was the additional $5 per square foot that Jensen attributed to the West partition due to "plottage value." Accordingly, for defendants to prevail, we would necessarily need to agree, first, that plottage value is an appropriate consideration in evaluating the fair market value of real property for purposes of making an in-kind partition, and, second, that Jensen's proposed $910,642.50 equalizing judgment reflects such plottage value. We need not reach the second question, however, because we do not believe that plottage value based on adjoining property is a proper consideration in determining the fair market value of land subject to an equitable partition in kind. As an initial matter, we do not understand Judge Bonebrake's order to require the referees to incorporate plottage value in their valuations. The text of Judge Bonebrake's instructions, where he directed the referees to "take into account the fact that [Senior] and his wife own the adjoining ten acres over which access to that parcel being awarded to [Senior] may occur," simply directs the referees to consider the land adjoining the West partition inasmuch as it could eliminate the West partition's access problems, not inasmuch as it would enhance the value of land in the West partition. Indeed, our reading of the instruction in the context of Judge Bonebrake's entire order supports that conclusion. He referred in the instruction to two aspects of the referees' first report: (1) the referees' recommendations that the highest and best use of the land was to develop the entire 26-acre plot according to the development plan in place, and (2) the referees' conclusion that, in the event of a partition in kind, the West partition had a much lower fair market value due to its "access challenges" to 72nd Avenue. Judge Bonebrake first explained that the loss of the development plan for the 26-acre plot was not relevant to the proceeding, observing that it was clear that the parties were never going to agree on developing the 26 acres as a whole, and, as such, they were "dealing with only the 16-acre plot," which cuts against any suggestion that the judge wanted plottage value factored into the valuation. He further noted that any access challenges to the West partition could be mitigated by granting a nonexclusive easement across the East partition, "and also by reason of the fact that [Senior] owns, either individually or with his wife, the remaining ten acres, over which access exists," which further bolsters the conclusion that consideration of the adjoining 10-acre plot is only to mitigate access problems with the West partition. Even if we were to assume that Judge Bonebrake had instructed the referees to factor plottage value into their valuation, we conclude that plottage value is an improper consideration in the context of determining value for a partition in kind. Plottage, or "assemblage," value is a doctrine that some jurisdictions[7] use in valuing land in eminent domain proceedings. See Plottage or Assemblage, 26 Am. Jur. 2d Eminent Domain 688 § 303 (2004); see, e.g., City of Lafayette v. Richard, 549 So.2d 909, 911 (La.Ct.App. 3d *300 Cir.1989); Clarmar Realty v. Redevelopment Authority, 129 Wis.2d 81, 383 N.W.2d 890, 895 (1986). We are aware of no case in Oregon or in other jurisdictions holding that, in the context of a partition proceeding, a court may consider ownership of adjacent property as a factor in determining the fair market value of land subject to an in-kind partition.[8] Nor are we persuaded by defendants' argument that plottage is an appropriate valuation factor here. The fact that one party owns (or partly owns) property adjoining the parcel subject to the partition proceeding is a mere fortuity. If courts were to incorporate plottage to set a higher value of land awarded to a cotenantand either award that cotenant less land or impose an equalizing payment to the other cotenant the end result would have the other cotenant benefit from his or her former cotenant's ownership of adjacent land. We can identify no legal principle that supports that result. Accordingly, we reject defendants' argument that plottage value of the type advanced here is a valid factor in valuing the property in this partition proceeding. Based on our limited posture, as explained above, we consequently reject defendants' argument that the trial court should have relied on the Jensen appraisal and imposed an equalizing judgment, and conclude that the trial court properly relied on the referees' report. Likewise, we reject defendants' second assignment of error, in which they argue that the trial court should have apportioned the LID interest payment on a square-foot basis, rather than a 50-50 basis between the former tenants in common. A cotenant, or tenant in common, is obliged to contribute his or her pro rata share toward expenses such as property taxes, encumbrances on the land, and necessary insurance. See Palmer v. Protrka, 257 Or. 23, 31, 476 P.2d 185 (1970). Although it is true that the City of Tigard assesses the LID on a square-foot basis, at the time that the LID interest payment became due, Junior and Senior were tenants in common and thus, were jointly responsible for that debt. Senior paid the entirety of that $300,000 debt; accordingly, Junior, as a cotenant, owed Senior $150,000 as his share. Given that, defendants' argument that we should transform that past obligation for half of the LID debt into a lower number based on the square footage of real property awarded to defendants is unfounded, and we reject it. In summary, we conclude that the referees' report comported with Judge Bonebrake's instructions and proposed an equitable partition in kind of the 16 acres at issue in this case. The trial court's judgment adopting the referees' valuation of the property and assessing the LID debt on a 50-50 basis between the parties also was equitable. Hence, we affirm. Affirmed. NOTES [1] Due to events that occurred after the trial court directed the partition of the property, see 225 Or.App. at 424-26, 201 P.3d 297-98, both the original plaintiff and defendant have been substituted by the current plaintiff and defendants, respectively, after the original parties submitted their briefs on appeal. [2] The exact acreage was found to be 15.67 acres. For simplicity, however, we use the term "16-acre plot" when referring generally to the property subject to the partition proceeding. [3] In the interim, Judge Bonebrake had retired. [4] The parties had other claims for contribution and reimbursement that the referees recommended that the court resolve in other proceedings independent of the partition proceeding. The referees determined that the claims for the LID interest payment and the mortgage were, however, of a different nature and should be valued as part of the partition. [5] We note that the report appears to have a minor inconsistency in its recommendations. On page one, the referees summarize their ultimate conclusion that the court should award Junior 4.65 acres to Senior's 11.02 acres. The remainder of the report describes the referees' methodology and the recommended adjustments, at the end of which the referees recommend that the court award Junior 4.67 acres to Senior's 11.00 acres. We assume that the latter set of numbers, which accords with the referees' calculations, is the correct set. [6] In the subsequent judgments, the court made minor adjustments to the award based on land surveys and determined other matters that are not relevant to the issues presented on appeal. [7] Oregon does not appear to consider plottage to determine the fair market value of land in its condemnation proceedings, although our courts have applied a similar concept called "severance damages" in the case of a partial taking of property. See State ex rel. Dept. of Trans. v. Lundberg, 312 Or. 568, 574, 825 P.2d 641 (1992) ("In the case of a partial taking of property, the measure of damages is the fair market value of the property acquired plus any depreciation in the fair market value of the remaining property caused by the taking."). [8] At least one other jurisdiction has discussed plottage value in the context of a partition proceeding. See Hegewald v. Neal, 20 Wash.App. 517, 582 P.2d 529, rev. den., 91 Wash.2d 1007 (1978). In that case, the court heard evidence of the plottage value of real property, if it were to be used as a unified whole, as part of its evaluation of whether a partition in kind of particular real property would greatly prejudice the owners, not as a factor in its calculation of the property's fair market value. Id. at 526, 582 P.2d at 534.	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
Canonical has announced that the next version of Apache Cordova, 3.3, will support Ubuntu. Cordova is a mobile development framework that lets developers use web technologies – like HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript – to deliver mobile apps to multiple platforms, be it iOS, Android, Windows Phone, or – now – Ubuntu Touch. If the name “Cordova” doesn’t ring a bell, you may be familiar with a distribution (and the original progenitor) of Cordova – Adobe’s PhoneGap. And for those of you concerned with Adobe’s name attached to the framework, Cordova itself is a top-level project at the Apache Software Foundation. “Canonical opens the doors to over 400,000 web developers…” Support for Ubuntu Touch will make the fairly low barrier to entry – thanks to QML and existing HTML5 support in the Ubuntu SDK – even lower by bringing Cordova/PhoneGap tools into the fold and, thus, the 400,000 developers already familiar with them. The Ubuntu SDK already supports a number of Cordova APIs for access to hardware and various system components, but app development itself has been limited to Ubuntu’s own tools. Ubuntu Touch support in the Cordova framework will mean developers who are building cross-platform Cordova/PhoneGap apps outside Ubuntu – possibly using services like Adobe’s PhoneGap Build in the future as well – could bring their apps to the platform without having to switch build tools, IDEs, or even operating systems. Having a raft of familiar APIs and tooling is even more important for mobile OS newcomers, like Ubuntu Touch, that can’t afford to start from square one when mature mobile platforms and ecosystems are plentiful and far less of a gamble. But Cordova support and yesterday’s news of a hardware partner are good signs that Ubuntu is ready to duke it out come 2014. Learn More About Apache Cordova	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: Problema Funcion SQL Error: not allowed to return a result set from a function no veo para nada el problema de esta función, intento validar el pin de un usuario, pero me sale este error, he estado mirando en otras preguntas pero no veo el problema. Les dejo el código aquí abajo: CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `validar_pin`(id_usuario int, pin int) RETURNS BOOLEAN BEGIN DECLARE pin_user int; DECLARE fecha DATE; select desbloqueo into fecha from Usuario where id = id_usuario; if fecha = null then SELECT pin into pin_user FROM Usuario where id_usuario = id; if (pin = pin_user) THEN UPDATE Usuario SET num_intentos = 0 WHERE id = id_usuario; UPDATE Usuario SET desbloqueo = NULL WHERE id = id_usuario; RETURN TRUE; else UPDATE Usuario SET num_intentos = (num_intentos + 1) WHERE id = id_usuario; end if; end if; if (select num_intentos from Usuario where id = id_usuario) = 3 then UPDATE Usuario SET desbloqueo = DATE_ADD(NOW(), INTERVAL 1 DAY) WHERE id = id_usuario; select "Has agotado todas las oportunidades, intentalo en 24h"; end if; RETURN FALSE; END Alguna sugerencia?? Gracias A: El problema es que dentro de las funciones no puedes hacer un select sin decir en donde quieres guardar los datos por así decirlo. O sea ésto estaría mal dentro de una función: select nombre from usuario; En tu función tienes varias partes en que haces un select y no insertas el valor, por ejemplo acá: if (select num_intentos from Usuario where id = id_usuario) = 3 then Deberías primero obtener ese numero y guardarlo en una variable y luego es que preguntas por esa variable: select num_intentos into _num_intentos from Usuario where id = id_usuario if(_num_intentos = 3) then .... En la documentación lo indican (si es que usas mysql, asumo eso): procedimientos y funciones Statements that return a result set can be used within a stored procedure but not within a stored function. This prohibition includes SELECT statements that do not have an INTO var_list clause and other statements Dice las declaraciones que retornan un listado de resultados pueden ser usadas dentro de procedimientos almacenados pero no dentro de funciones almacenadas, esta prohibición incluye los SELECTS que no tengan una claúsula INTO a una variable y otras declaraciones.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Q: What does "All examples have been tested directly from the text, which is in machine-readable form" mean? I am reading the classic book on C - The C Programming Language Book by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie. The preface of the book says All examples have been tested directly from the text, which is in machine-readable form. What does this mean? A: (just a guess) Probably that every code example has been indeed tested on a system with a C compiler, and pretty-printed in the book (perhaps using troff or whatever document formatter was used by K&R) by some automatic tool (I don't know what tool was used by K&R. Today, you'll use e.g. vgrind or pygments or LaTeX's listings package, or some other pretty-printer). So there cannot be typos while converting C code to paper (e.g. as if the C code has been manually copied and typeset)	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
blankets A yoga blanket will give you warmth, protection and extra cushioning during your yoga practice and can also be rolled as a substitute for a bolster in restorative poses. It can be used to help achieve a steady and comfortable sitting position for meditation, or just for warmth during meditation. Makes a lovely gift too. Blankets are most commonly used during Savasana at the end of a yoga practice. We stock a broad range of yoga blankets in many styles and colours. A particular favourite of ours is the Born Peaceful 'Hygge' blanket which is a super soft and comfortable blanket inspired by the Danish love of all things Hygge - perfect for yoga, the home, as a gift or simply to snuggle under!	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
In recent years, endoscopic surgery has become the accepted standard for conducting many types of surgical procedures, both in the medical and dental arenas. The availability of imaging devices enabling a surgeon or dentist to view a particular surgical area through a small diameter endoscope which is introduced into small cavities or openings in the body results in much less patient trauma as well as many other advantages. In many hospitals, the rod lens endoscope is still used in endoscopic surgery. The rod lens endoscope includes a very precise group of lenses in an elongate and rigid tube which are able to accurately transmit an image to a remote camera in line with the lens group. The rod lens endoscope, because of its cost of manufacture, failure rate, and requirement to be housed within a rigid and straight housing, is being increasingly replaced by solid state imaging technology which enables the image sensor to be placed at the distal tip of the investigating device. The three most common solid state image sensors include charged coupled devices (CCD), charge injection devices (CID) and photo diode arrays (PDA). In the mid-1980s, complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) were developed for industrial use. CMOS imaging devices offer improved functionality and simplified system interfacing. Furthermore, many CMOS imagers can be manufactured at a fraction of the cost of other solid state imaging technologies. One particular advance in CMOS technology has been in the active pixel-type CMOS imagers which consist of randomly accessible pixels with an amplifier at each pixel site. One advantage of active pixel-type imagers is that the amplifier placement results in lower noise levels than CCDs or other solid state imagers. Another major advantage is that these CMOS imagers can be mass produced on standard semiconductor production lines. One particularly notable advance in the area of CMOS imagers including active pixel-type arrays is the CMOS imager described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,471,515 to Fossum, et al. This CMOS imager can incorporate a number of other different electronic controls that are usually found on multiple circuit boards of much larger size. For example, timing circuits, and special functions such as zoom and anti jitter controls can be placed on the same circuit board containing the CMOS pixel array without significantly increasing the overall size of the host circuit board. Furthermore, this particular CMOS imager requires 100 times less power than a CCD-type imager. In short, the CMOS imager disclosed in Fossum, et al. has enabled the development of a “camera on a chip.” Passive pixel-type CMOS imagers have also been improved so that they too can be used in an imaging device which qualifies as a “camera on a chip.” In short, the major difference between passive and active CMOS pixel arrays is that a passive pixel-type imager does not perform signal amplification at each pixel site. One example of a manufacturer which has developed a passive pixel array with performance nearly equal to known active pixel devices and being compatible with the read out circuitry disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,471,515 is VLSI Vision, Ltd., 1190 Saratoga Avenue, Suite 180, San Jose, Calif. 95129. A further description of this passive pixel device may be found in applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 5,986,693 entitled “Reduced Area Imaging Devices Incorporated Within Surgical Instruments,” which is hereby incorporated by reference. In addition to the active pixel-type CMOS imager which is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,471,515, there have been developments in the industry for other solid state imagers which have resulted in the ability to have a “camera on a chip.” For example, Suni Microsystems, Inc. of Mountain View, Calif., has developed a CCD/CMOS hybrid which combines the high quality image processing of CCDs with standard CMOS circuitry construction. In short, Suni Microsystems, Inc. has modified the standard CMOS and CCD manufacturing processes to create a hybrid process providing CCD components with their own substrate which is separate from the P well and N well substrates used by the CMOS components. Accordingly, the CCD and CMOS components of the hybrid may reside on different regions of the same chip or wafer. Additionally, this hybrid is able to run on a low power source (5 volts) which is normally not possible on standard CCD imagers which require 10 to 30 volt power supplies. A brief explanation of this CCD/CMOS hybrid can be found in the article entitled “Startup Suni Bets on Integrated Process” found in Electronic News, Jan. 20, 1997 issue. This reference is hereby incorporated by reference for purposes of explaining this particular type of imaging processor. Another example of a recent development in solid state imaging is the development of a CMOS imaging sensor which is able to achieve analog to digital conversion on each of the pixels within the pixel array. This type of improved CMOS imager includes transistors at every pixel to provide digital instead of analog output that enable the delivery of decoders and sense amplifiers much like standard memory chips. With this new technology, it may, therefore, be possible to manufacture a true digital “camera on a chip.” This CMOS imager has been developed by a Stanford University joint project and is headed by Professor Abbas el-Gamal. A second approach to creating a CMOS-based digital imaging device includes the use of an over-sample converter at each pixel with a one bit comparator placed at the edge of the pixel array instead of performing all of the analog to digital functions on the pixel. This new design technology has been called MOSAD (multiplexed over sample analog to digital) conversion. The result of this new process is low power usage, along with the capability to achieve enhanced dynamic range, possibly up to 20 bits. This process has been developed by Amain Electronics of Simi Valley, Calif. A brief description of both of the processes developed by Stanford University and Amain Electronics can be found in an article entitled “A/D Conversion Revolution for CMOS Sensor?,” September 1998 issue of Advanced Imaging. This reference is also hereby incorporated by reference for purposes of explaining these particular types of imaging processors. The above-mentioned developments in solid state imaging technology have shown that “camera on a chip” devices will continue to be enhanced not only in terms of the quality of imaging which may be achieved, but also in the specific construction of the devices which may be manufactured by new breakthrough processes. Although the “camera on a chip” concept is one which has great merit for application in many industrial areas, a need still exists for a reduced area imaging device which can be used in even the smallest type of endoscopic instruments in order to view areas in the body that are particularly difficult to access, and to further minimize patient trauma by an even smaller diameter invasive instrument. It is one general object of this invention to provide a wireless endoscope incorporating reduced area imaging devices which take advantage of “camera on a chip” technology, but rearrange the circuitry in a stacked relationship so that there is a minimum profile presented when used within a surgical instrument or other investigative device. It is another object of this invention to provide a wireless endoscope utilizing low cost imaging devices which may be “disposable.” It is yet another object of this invention to provide reduced area imaging devices capable of wireless communications which may be used in conjunction with standard endoscopes by placing the imaging device through channels which normally receive other surgical devices, or receive liquids or gases for flushing a surgical area. It is yet another object of this invention to provide a surgical device with imaging capability which may be battery powered and may wirelessly communicate for viewing video images. In addition to the intended use of the wireless endoscope with respect to surgical procedures conducted by medical doctors, it is also contemplated that the invention described herein has great utility with respect to oral surgery and general dental procedures wherein a very small imaging device can be used to provide an image of particularly difficult to access locations. Additionally, while the foregoing invention has application with respect to the medical and dental fields, it will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the small size of the imaging device set forth herein coupled with the wireless communication feature can be applied to other functional disciplines wherein the imaging device can be used to view difficult to access locations for industrial equipment and the like. Therefore, the imaging device of this invention could be used to replace many industrial boroscopes. The “camera on a chip” technology can be furthered improved with respect to reducing its profile area and incorporating such a reduced area imaging device into very small investigative instruments which can be used in the medical, dental, or other industrial fields.	{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }
Psychodrama: group psychotherapy through role playing. The theory and the therapeutic procedure of classical psychodrama are described along with brief illustrations. Classical psychodrama and sociodrama stemmed from role theory, enactments, "tele," the reciprocity of choices, and the theory of spontaneity-robopathy and creativity. The discussion focuses on key concepts such as the therapeutic team, the structure of the session, transference and reality, countertransference, the here-and-now and the encounter, the group-as-a-whole, resistance and difficult clients, and affect and cognition. Also described are the neoclassical approaches of psychodrama, action methods, and clinical role playing, and the significance of the concept of behavioral simulation in group psychotherapy.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Q: How can I chain cases in Bash 3.2, which doesn't have `;&`? I have a bash script that resumes aborted execution with a case statement. It works great with Bash 4 under CentOS 6 but does not work with CentOS 5 because of Bash 3.2. Is there any programming logic I can use to replace the following with something more "portable"? last-action=$(cat /tmp/last-action) case last-action in) beginning) function1 ;& middle) function2 ;& end) function3 ;& esac The thing is, wherever task execution stopped it must resume there and execute everything that comes after. For example, if last-action=middle it would execute function2 and then function3. That's where the operator ;& came in handy. Any clues to do this without a lot of if statements? A: I understand that fallthrough is very convenient, but given your example snippet I don't see how case "${last_action}" in beginning) function1 function2 function3 ;; middle) function2 function3 ;; end) function3 ;; esac would add much overhead to your code. It's still prettier than lots of ifs. However, if your switch is more complex and you want this to be more dynamic, you can do something along the lines of: #!/bin/bash function1() { echo 1; } function2() { echo 2; } function3() { echo 3; } last_action=$1 actions_beginning="function1 function2 function3" actions_middle="function2 function3" actions_end="function3" _actions="actions_${last_action}" for action in ${!_actions}; do "${action}" done $ ./test.sh beginning 1 2 3 $ ./test.sh middle 2 3 $ ./test.sh end 3 EDIT: Just looked at your code on github and I myself would definitely go this route.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Q: Django Rest Framework, display data from a table referenced with a foreign key I got stuck a bit with a small problem when doing my school project, the problem is that I have an api with DRF and wanting to show my patient data "main table" shows them without problems but when I want to show other patient data in a different table (this table is this reference with a foreign key to Patient) I have not managed to obtain the patient data from this other table. I can not make my api send me the other patient data from the foreign key referenced to the patient, could you help me? models.py class Paciente(TimeStampedModel): user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE) udi = models.UUIDField(default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False) first_name = models.CharField('Nombre(s)', max_length=100) last_name = models.CharField('Apellidos', max_length=100) gender = models.CharField('Sexo', max_length=20, choices=GENDER_CHOICES) birth_day = models.DateField('Fecha de nacimiento', blank=True, null=True) phone_number = models.CharField('Número de telefono', max_length=13) civil_status = models.CharField('Estado civil', max_length=20, choices=CIVIL_STATUS_CHOICES) etc..... class Antecedentes(TimeStampedModel): """ Modelo de motivo y antecedentes de la enfermedad presentada en el momento de la consulta """ user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE) paciente = models.ForeignKey(Paciente, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True) motivo = models.TextField('Motivo de la consulta') antecedentes = models.TextField('Antecedentes de la enfermedad actual', blank=True, null=True) serializers.py class antecedenteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): user = serializers.ReadOnlyField(source="user.username") class Meta: model = Antecedentes fields = ('paciente' ,'motivo', 'antecedentes', ) views.py I was trying this but I'm not if this is correct or not from historiaClinica import models as modelsHC class antecedenteList(APIView): """ Lista todos los antecedentes o crea uno nuevo """ def get_object(self, pk): try: paciente = get_object_or_404(pk=pk) return modelsHC.Antecedentes.objects.get(paciente=paciente) except modelsHC.Antecedentes.DoesNotExist: raise Http404 def get(self, request, pk, format=None): antecedente = self.get_object(pk) serializer = antecedenteSerializer(antecedente) return Response(serializer.data) A: If you need to show all Antecedentes related to the specific Paciente you can use reverse lookup paciente.antecedentes_set.all() so in view you can do this: class antecedenteList(APIView): """ Lista todos los antecedentes o crea uno nuevo """ def get_object(self, pk): try: paciente = get_object_or_404(pk=pk) return paciente except modelsHC.Antecedentes.DoesNotExist: raise Http404 def get(self, request, pk, format=None): paciente = self.get_object(pk) antecedentes = paciente.antecedentes_set.all() serializer = antecedenteSerializer(antecedentes, many=True) return Response(serializer.data) Note I am using serializer's many=True argument to serialize multipe objects at the same time. Also you may need in the future nested serialization to show all antecedentes in the paciente data. Details of nested serialization you can find here.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
--- abstract: 'We describe a novel technique for creating an artificial magnetic field for ultra-cold atoms using a periodically pulsed pair of counter propagating Raman lasers that drive transitions between a pair of internal atomic spin states: a multi-frequency coupling term. In conjunction with a magnetic field gradient, this dynamically generates a rectangular lattice with a non-staggered magnetic flux. For a wide range of parameters, the resulting Bloch bands have non-trivial topology, reminiscent of Landau levels, as quantified by their Chern numbers.' author: - Tomas Andrijauskas - 'I. B. Spielman' - Gediminas Juzeliūnas title: 'Topological lattice using multi-frequency radiation' --- Introduction ============ Ultracold atoms find wide applications in realising condensed matter phenomena [@Greiner2002; @Lewenstein2007; @Bloch2008a; @Lewenstein2012]. Since ultracold atom systems are ensembles of electrically neutral atoms, various methods have been used to simulate Lotentz-type forces, with an eye for realizing physics such as the quantum Hall effect (QHE). Lorentz forces are present in spatially rotating systems [@Matthews1999a; @Madison2001; @Abo-Shaeer2001; @Cooper2008; @Fetter2009; @Gemelke2010; @Wright13PRL] and appear in light-induced geometric potentials [@Dalibard2011; @Goldman2014]. The magnetic fluxes achieved with these methods are not sufficiently large for realizing the integer or fractional QHE. In optical lattices, larger magnetic fluxes can be created by shaking the lattice potential [@struck12; @Windpassinger2013RPP; @Jotzu2014; @Eckardt16review], combining static optical lattices along with laser-assisted spin or pseudo spin coupling [@Javanainen2003; @Jaksch2003; @Osterloh2005; @Dalibard2011; @Cooper2011PRL; @Aidelsburger:2013; @Goldman2014; @goldman16review; @miyake13harper]; current realizations of these techniques are beset with micro motion and interaction induced heating effects. Here we propose a new method that simultaneously creates large artificial magnetic fields and a lattice that may overcome these limitations. Our technique relies on a pulsed atom-light coupling between internal atomic states along with a state-dependent gradient potential that together create a two-dimensional (2D) periodic potential with an intrinsic artificial magnetic field. With no pre-existing lattice potential, there are no a priori resonant conditions that would otherwise constrain the modulation frequency to avoid transitions between original Bloch bands [@Weinberg15PRA]. For a wide range of parameters, the ground and excited bands of our lattice are topological, with nonzero Chern number. Moreover, like Landau levels the lowest several bands can all have unit Chern number. The manuscript is organized as follows. Firstly, we describe a representative experimental implementation of our technique directly suitable for alkali atoms. Secondly, because the pulsed atom-light coupling is time-periodic, we use Floquet methods to solve this problem. Specifically, we employ a stroboscopic technique to obtain an effective Hamiltonian. Thirdly, using the resulting band structure we obtain a phase diagram which includes a region of Landau level-like bands each with unit Chern number. Pulsed lattice ============== Figure 1 depicts a representative experimental realization of the proposed method. A system of ultracold atoms is subjected to a magnetic field with a strength $B(X)=B_{0}+B^{\prime}X$. This induces a position-dependent splitting $g_{F}\mu_{{\rm B}}B$ between the spin up and down states; $g_{F}$ is the Landé $g$-factor and $\mu_{{\rm B}}$ is the Bohr magneton. Additionally, the atoms are illuminated by a pair of Raman lasers counter propagating along ${\bf e}_{y}$, i.e. perpendicular to the detuning gradient. The first beam (up-going in Fig. \[fig:schematic\](a)) is at frequency $\omega^{+}=\omega_{0}$, while the second (down-going in Fig. \[fig:schematic\](a)) contains frequency components $\omega_{n}^{-}=\omega_{0}+(-1)^{n}(\delta\omega+n\omega)$; the difference frequency between these beams contains frequency combs centered at $\pm\delta\omega$ with comb teeth spaced by $2\omega$, as shown in Fig. \[fig:schematic\](b). In our proposal, the Raman lasers are tuned to be in nominal two-photon resonance with the Zeeman splitting from the large offset field $B_{0}$ such that $g_{F}\mu_{{\rm B}}B_{0}=\hbar\delta\omega_{0}$, making the frequency difference $\omega_{n=0}^{-}-\omega^{+}$ resonant at $X=0$, where $B=B_{0}$. Intuitively, each additional frequency component $\omega_{n}^{-}$ adds a resonance condition at the regularly spaced points $X_{n}=n\hbar\omega/g_{F}\mu_{{\rm B}}B^{\prime}$, however, transitions using even-$n$ side bands give a recoil kick opposite from those using odd-$n$ side bands (see Fig. \[fig:schematic\](c)). Each of these coupling-locations locally realizes synthetic magnetic field experiment performed at NIST [@Lin2009b], arrayed in a manner to give a rectified artificial magnetic field with a non-zero average that we will show is a novel flux lattice. ![Floquet flux lattice. a. Experimental schematic depicting a cold cloud of atoms in a gradient magnetic field, illuminated by a pair of counter-propagating laser beams tuned near two-photon Raman resonance. The down-going beam includes sidebands both to the red and blue of the carrier ($\omega_{0}$) in resonance at different spatial positions along ${\bf e}_{x}$. b. Level diagram showing even and odd side-bands linking the $\left\|\uparrow\right\rangle $ and $\left\|\downarrow\right\rangle $ states with differing detuning from resonance at $X=0$. c. Spatially dependent coupling. Bottom: different frequency components are in two-photon resonance in different $X$ positions. Top: the recoil kick associated with the Raman transition is along $\pm\mathbf{e}_{y}$ and thus alternates spatially depending on whether the Raman transition is driven from the red or blue sideband of the down-going laser beam.[]{data-label="fig:schematic"}](fig1) We formally describe our system by first making the rotating wave approximation (RWA) with respect to the large offset frequency $\omega_{0}$. This situation is modeled in terms of a spin-1/2 atom of mass $M$ and wave-vector $\bm{K}$ with a Hamiltonian $$H(t)=H_{0}+V(t).\label{eq:full-Hamiltonian}$$ The first term is $$H_{0}=\frac{\hbar^{2}\bm{K}^{2}}{2M}+\frac{\Delta(X)}{2}\sigma_{3},\label{eq:Hamiltonian0}$$ where $\Delta(X)=\Delta^{\prime}X$ describes the detuning gradient along $\mathbf{e}_{x}$ axis, and $\sigma_{3}=\|\!\uparrow\rangle\langle\uparrow\!\|-\|\!\downarrow\rangle\langle\downarrow\!\|$ is a Pauli spin operator. In the RWA only near-resonant terms are retained, giving the Raman coupling described by $$V(t)=V_{0}\sum_{n}\left[{\rm e}^{{\rm i}(K_{0}Y-2n\omega t)}+{\rm e}^{{\rm i}(-K_{0}Y-(2n+1)\omega t)}\right]\|\!\downarrow\rangle\langle\uparrow\!\|+{\rm H.\,c.}\,.\label{eq:Raman-coupling}$$ The first term describes coupling from the sidebands with even frequencies $2n\omega$, whereas the second term describes coupling from the sidebands with odd frequencies $\left(2n+1\right)\omega$. The recoil kick is aligned along $\pm\mathbf{e}_{y}$ with opposite sign for the even and odd frequency components. In writing Eq.(\[eq:Raman-coupling\]) we assumed that the coupling amplitude $V_{0}$ and the associated recoil wave number $K_{0}$ are the same for all frequency components. The coupling Hamiltonian $V(t)$ and therefore the full Hamiltonian $H(t)$ are time-periodic with period $2\pi/\omega$, and we accordingly apply Floquet techniques. Theoretical analysis ==================== The outline of this Section is as follows. (1) We begin the analysis of the Hamiltonian given by Eq. (\[eq:full-Hamiltonian\]) by moving to dimensionless units; (2) subsequently derive an approximate effective Hamiltonian from the single-period time evolution operator; (3) provide an intuitive description in terms of adiabatic potentials; and (4) finally solve the band structure, evaluate its topology and discuss possibilities of the experimental implementation. Dimensionless units ------------------- For the remainder of the manuscript we will use dimensionless units. All energies will be expressed in units of $\hbar\omega$, derived from the Floquet frequency $\omega$; time will be expressed in units of inverse driving frequency $\omega^{-1}$, denoted by $\tau=\omega t$; spatial coordinates will be expressed in units of inverse recoil momentum $K_{0}^{-1}$, denoted by lowercase letters $(x,y)=K_{0}(X,Y)$. In these units, the Hamiltonian (\[eq:full-Hamiltonian\]) takes the form $$h(\tau)=\frac{H(\tau/\omega)}{\hbar\omega}=E_{\text{r}}\bm{k}^{2} +\frac{1}{2}\boldsymbol{\Omega}(\tau)\cdot\boldsymbol{\sigma}\,, \label{eq:dimless-Hamiltonian}$$ where $E_{\text{r}}=\hbar^{2}K_{0}^{2}/(2M\hbar\omega)$ is the dimensionless recoil energy associated with the recoil wavenumber $K_{0}$; $\bm{k}=\bm{K}/K_{0}$ is the dimensionless wavenumber. The dimensionless coupling $$\boldsymbol{\Omega}(x,y,\tau)=\left(2{\rm Re}\,u(y,\tau),\,2{\rm Im}\,u(y,\tau),\,\beta x\right) \label{eq:full-coupling}$$ includes a combination of position-dependent detuning and Raman coupling. Here $\beta=\Delta^{\prime}/(\hbar\omega k_{0})$ describes the linearly varying detuning in dimensionless units; the function $u(y,\tau)=v_{0}\sum_{n}\left\{ \exp[{\rm i}(y-2n\tau)]+\exp[{\rm i}(-y-(2n+1)\tau)]\right\} $ is a dimensionless version of the sum in Eq. (\[eq:Raman-coupling\]) with $v_{0}=V_{0}/(\hbar\omega)$. The vector $\boldsymbol{\Omega}(x,y,\tau)$ is spatially periodic along the $y$ direction with a period $2\pi$. This period can be halved to $\pi$ by virtue of a gauge transformation $U=\exp(-{\rm i}y\sigma_{3}/2)$. Subsequently, when exploring energy bands and their topological properties, this prevents problems arising from using a twice larger elementary cell. Following this transformation the dimensionless Hamiltonian becomes $$\tilde{h}(\tau)=E_{\text{r}}\left(\bm{k}+\sigma_{3}\bm{e}_{y}/2\right)^{2} +\frac{1}{2}\tilde{\boldsymbol{\Omega}}(\tau)\cdot\boldsymbol{\sigma}$$ with $\tilde{\boldsymbol{\Omega}}(\tau)=U\boldsymbol{\Omega}(\tau)U^{-1}$. In the time domain the coupling (\[eq:full-coupling\]) is $$\frac{1}{2}\tilde{\boldsymbol{\Omega}}(\tau)\cdot\boldsymbol{\sigma}=\frac{1}{2}\beta x\sigma_{3} +\sum_{l}v_{l}(y)\delta(\tau-\pi l), \label{eq:coupling-even-odd}$$ with $$v_{l}(y)=\pi v_{0}\left[{\rm e}^{{\rm i}2y}+(-1)^{l}\right]\|\!\downarrow\rangle\langle\uparrow\!\|+{\rm H.\,c.}\,.$$ In this way we separated the spatial and temporal dependencies in the coupling (\[eq:coupling-even-odd\]). Effective Hamiltonian --------------------- We continue our analysis by deriving an approximate Hamiltonian that describes the complete time evolution over a single period from $\tau=0-\epsilon$ to $\tau=2\pi-\epsilon$ with $\epsilon\to0$. This evolution includes a kick $v_{0}$ at the beginning of the period $\tau_{+}=0$ and a second kick $v_{1}$ in the middle of the period $\tau_{-}=\pi$; between the kicks the evolution includes the kinetic and gradient energies. In the full time period, the complete evolution operator is a product of four terms: $$U(2\pi,0)\equiv\lim_{\epsilon\to0}U(2\pi-\epsilon,0-\epsilon)=U_{0}U_{\text{kick}}^{(1)}U_{0}U_{\text{kick}}^{(0)}. \label{eq:time-evolution}$$ Here $$U_{0}=\exp\left\{ -{\rm i}\pi\left[E_{\text{r}}\left(\bm{k}+\frac{1}{2}\sigma_{3}\bm{e}_{y}\right)^{2} +\frac{1}{2}\sigma_{3}\beta x\right]\right\} \label{eq:time-evolution-0}$$ is the evolution operator over the half period, generated by kinetic energy and gradient. The operator $$U_{\text{kick}}^{(l)}=\exp\left[-{\rm i}v_{l}(y)\right].\label{eq:kicks}$$ describes a kick at $\tau=l\pi$. We obtain an effective Hamiltonian by assuming that the Floquet frequency $\omega$ greatly exceeds the recoil frequency, $1\gg E_{\text{r}}$, allowing us to ignore the commutators between the kinetic energy and functions of coordinates in eq.(\[eq:time-evolution\]). We then rearrange terms in the full time evolution operator (\[eq:time-evolution\]) and obtain $$U_{\text{eff}}=\exp\left\{ -{\rm i}2\pi\left[E_{\text{r}}\left(\bm{k} +\sigma_{3}\bm{e}_{y}/2\right)^{2}+v_{\text{eff}}\right]\right\}, \label{eq:effective-time-evolution-op}$$ where $v_{\text{eff}}$ is an effective coupling defined by $$\exp\left(-{\rm i}2\pi v_{\text{eff}}\right)={\rm e}^{-{\rm i}\pi\sigma_{3}\beta x/2}U_{\text{kick}}^{(1)}{\rm e}^{-{\rm i} \pi\sigma_{3}\beta x/2}U_{\text{kick}}^{(0)}. \label{eq:V-eff-exponent}$$ The algebra of Pauli matrices allows us to write the effective coupling in a form $$v_{\text{eff}}(\bm{r})=\frac{1}{2}\bm{\Omega}_{\text{eff}}(\bm{r})\cdot\bm{\sigma}, \label{eq:effective-coupling}$$ where $\bm{\Omega}_{\text{eff}}=\left(\Omega_{\text{eff},1},\Omega_{\text{eff},2},\Omega_{\text{eff},3}\right)$ is a position-dependent effective Zeeman field which takes the analytic form $$\exp\left(-{\rm i}2\pi v_{\text{eff}}\right)=q_{0}-{\rm i}q_{1}\sigma_{1} -{\rm i}q_{2}\sigma_{2}-{\rm i}q_{3}\sigma_{3}. \label{eq:V-eff-exponent-in-q}$$ Here $q_{0}$, $q_{1}$, $q_{2}$ and $q_{3}$ are real functions of the coordinates $(x,y)$, allowing to express the effective Zeeman field as $$\bm{\Omega}_{\text{eff}}=\pi^{-1}\frac{\bm{q}}{\|\|\bm{q}\|\|}\arccos q_{0}, \label{eq:effective-magnetic-field}$$ where $\bm{q}$ is a shorthand of a three dimensional vector $(q_{1},q_{2,}q_{3})$. In general the equation (\[eq:V-eff-exponent-in-q\]) gives multiple solutions that correspond for different Floquet bands. Our choice (\[eq:effective-magnetic-field\]) picks only to the two bands that lie in the energy window from $-1/2$ to $1/2$ covering a single Floquet period. Comparing (\[eq:V-eff-exponent\]) and (\[eq:V-eff-exponent-in-q\]) and multiplying four matrix exponents give explicit expressions $$\begin{aligned} q_{0} & =\cos f_{1}\cos f_{2}\cos(\pi\beta x),\label{eq:function-q0}\\ q_{1} & =\sin f_{1}\cos f_{2}\cos(y+\pi\beta x)-\cos f_{1}\sin f_{2}\sin(y),\label{eq:function-q1}\\ q_{2} & =\sin f_{1}\cos f_{2}\sin(y+\pi\beta x)+\cos f_{1}\sin f_{2}\cos(y),\label{eq:function-q2}\\ q_{3} & =\cos f_{1}\cos f_{2}\sin(\pi\beta x)-\sin f_{1}\sin f_{2}\label{eq:function-q3}\end{aligned}$$ with $$\begin{aligned} f_{1}(y) & =2\pi v_{0}\cos(y),\label{eq:function-f1}\\ f_{2}(y) & =2\pi v_{0}\sin(y).\label{eq:function-f2}\end{aligned}$$ ![Coupling components (a) $\Omega_{1}(\bm{r})$, (b) $\Omega_{2}(\bm{r})$ and (c) $\Omega_{3}(\bm{r})$ for $v_{0}=0.25$ and $\beta=0.6$. The corresponding eigenvalues of the coupling $v_{\pm}(\bm{r})=\pm\Omega_{\text{eff}}/2$ are presented by the thick red solid lines in the fig. \[fig:floquet-spectrum\].[]{data-label="fig:coupling"}](fig2a "fig:"){width="33.00000%"}![Coupling components (a) $\Omega_{1}(\bm{r})$, (b) $\Omega_{2}(\bm{r})$ and (c) $\Omega_{3}(\bm{r})$ for $v_{0}=0.25$ and $\beta=0.6$. The corresponding eigenvalues of the coupling $v_{\pm}(\bm{r})=\pm\Omega_{\text{eff}}/2$ are presented by the thick red solid lines in the fig. \[fig:floquet-spectrum\].[]{data-label="fig:coupling"}](fig2b "fig:"){width="33.00000%"}![Coupling components (a) $\Omega_{1}(\bm{r})$, (b) $\Omega_{2}(\bm{r})$ and (c) $\Omega_{3}(\bm{r})$ for $v_{0}=0.25$ and $\beta=0.6$. The corresponding eigenvalues of the coupling $v_{\pm}(\bm{r})=\pm\Omega_{\text{eff}}/2$ are presented by the thick red solid lines in the fig. \[fig:floquet-spectrum\].[]{data-label="fig:coupling"}](fig2c "fig:"){width="33.00000%"} These explicit expressions show that the resulting effective Zeeman field (\[eq:effective-magnetic-field\]) and the associated effective coupling (\[eq:effective-coupling\]) are periodic along both $\bm{e}_{x}$ and $\bm{e}_{y}$, with spatial periods $a_{x}=2/\beta$ and $a_{y}=\pi$ respectively. Therefore, although the original Hamiltonian containing the spin-dependent potential slope $\propto x\sigma_{3}$ is not periodic along the $x$ direction, the effective Floquet Hamiltonian is. The spatial dependence of the Zeeman field components $\Omega_{\text{eff},1}$, $\Omega_{\text{eff},2}$ and $\Omega_{\text{eff},3}$ is presented in the fig. \[fig:coupling\] for $\beta=0.6$ giving an approximately square unit cell. In fig. \[fig:coupling\] we select $v_{0}=0.25$ where the absolute value of the Zeeman field $\Omega_{\text{eff}}$ is almost uniform, as is apparent from the nearly flat adiabatic bands shown in fig. \[fig:floquet-spectrum\] below. Adiabatic evolution and magnetic flux\[subsec:Adiabatic-evolution-and\] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Before moving further to an explicit numerical analysis of the band structure, we develop an intuitive understanding by performing an adiabatic analysis of motion governed by effective Hamiltonian $$h_{\text{eff}}(\bm{r})=E_{\text{r}}\left(\bm{k}+\sigma_{3}\bm{e}_{y}/2\right)^{2} +\frac{1}{2}\bm{\Omega}_{\text{eff}}\cdot\bm{\sigma}\, \label{eq:h_eff}$$ featured in the evolution operator $U_{\text{eff}}$, Eq. (\[eq:effective-time-evolution-op\]). The coupling field $\bm{\Omega}_{\text{eff}}(\bm{r})$ is parametrized by the spherical angles $\theta(\bm{r})$ and $\phi(\bm{r})$ defined by $$\begin{aligned} \cos\theta & =\frac{\Omega_{\text{eff},3}}{\Omega_{\text{eff}}},\label{eq:spherical-cos-theta}\\ \tan\phi & =\frac{\Omega_{\text{eff},2}}{\Omega_{\text{eff},1}}.\label{eq:spherical-tan-phi}\end{aligned}$$ This gives the effective coupling [@Dalibard2011] $$\frac{1}{2}\bm{\Omega}_{\text{eff}}\cdot\bm{\sigma}= \frac{1}{2}\Omega_{\text{eff}}\left[\begin{array}{cc} \cos\theta & {\rm e}^{-{\rm i}\phi}\sin\theta\\ {\rm e}^{{\rm i}\phi}\sin\theta & -\cos\theta \end{array}\right]\,,\label{eq:eff-coupling-in-spherical-coords}$$ characterized by the position-dependent eigenstates $$\left\|+\right\rangle =\left(\begin{array}{c} \cos\left(\theta/2\right)\\ {\rm e}^{{\rm i}\phi}\sin\left(\theta/2\right) \end{array}\right)\,,\qquad\left\|-\right\rangle =\left(\begin{array}{c} -{\rm e}^{-{\rm i}\phi}\sin\left(\theta/2\right)\\ \cos\left(\theta/2\right) \end{array}\right)\,.\label{eq:pm-states}$$ The corresponding eigenvalues $$v_{\pm}(\bm{r})=\pm\frac{1}{2}\Omega_{\text{eff}}, \label{eq:eigenvalues-of-V-eff}$$ are shown in Fig. \[fig:floquet-spectrum\] for various value of the Raman coupling $v_{0}$. As one can see in Fig. \[fig:floquet-spectrum\], for $v_{0}=0.25$ the resulting bands $v_{\pm}(\bm{r})$ (adiabatic potentials) are flat and have a considerable gap $\approx\omega/2$, a regime suitable for a description in terms of an adiabatic motion in selected bands [@Zoller2008]. ![Adiabatic Floquet potentials for $\beta=0.6$. (a) Thin black dotted lines denote the spin-dependent gradient slopes without including the Raman coupling ($v_{0}=0$); (b) thin blue solid lines denote effective adiabatic potentials for weak Raman coupling ($v_{0}=0.05$) (c) red solid lines denote nearly flat adiabatic potentials that are achieved for stronger Raman coupling ($v_{0}=0.25$). All the curves are projected into $x$ plane for various $y$ values. A weak $y$ dependence of the adiabatic potentials is seen to appear in the strong coupling case (c) making the superimposed red lines thicker.[]{data-label="fig:floquet-spectrum"}](fig3){width="75.00000%"} As in Ref. [@Juzeliunas2012], we consider the adiabatic motion of the atom in one of these flat adiabatic bands with the projection Shrodinger equation that includes a geometric vector potential $$\bm{A}_{\pm}(\bm{r})=\pm\frac{1}{2}\left(\cos\theta-1\right)\nabla\phi\,. \label{eq:geometric-vector-potential}$$ This provides a synthetic magnetic flux density $\bm{B}_{\pm}(\bm{r})=\nabla\times\bm{A}_{\pm}(\bm{r})$. The geometric vector potential $\bm{A}_{\pm}(\bm{r})$ may contain Aharonov-Bohm type singularities, that give rise to a synthetic magnetic flux over an elementary cell $$\alpha_{\pm}=-\sum\oint_{{\rm singul}}{\rm d}\bm{r}\cdot\bm{A}_{\pm}(\bm{r}). \label{eq:synthetic-magnetic-flux}$$ The singularities appear at points where $\theta=\pi$, where the angle $\phi$ and its gradient $\nabla\phi$ are undefined and $\cos\theta=-1$. The term $\cos\theta-1$ in (\[eq:geometric-vector-potential\]) is non zero and does not remove the undefined phase $\nabla\phi$. Our unit cell contains two such singularities located at $\bm{r}=(a_{x},3a_{y})/4$ and $\bm{r}=(3a_{x},a_{y})/4$, containing the same flux, so that they do not compensate each other, giving the synthetic magnetic flux $\pm2\pi$ in each unit cell. ![Geometric flux density $\bm{B}_{+}$ computed for $v_{0}=0.25$ and $\beta=0.6$. The overall spatial structure of this flux density does not depend on the gradient $\beta$; rather it scales with the corresponding lattice constant $a_{x}=2/\beta$. []{data-label="fig:flux-density"}](fig4){width="50.00000%"} For a weak coupling (such as $v=0.05$) the geometric flux density $\bm{B}(\bm{r})\equiv\bm{B}_{\pm}(\bm{r})$ is concentrated around the intersection points of the gradient slopes shown in in Fig. \[fig:floquet-spectrum\] and has a very weak $y$ dependence. With increasing the coupling $v$, the flux extends beyond the intersection areas and acquires a $y$ dependence. Fig. \[fig:flux-density\] shows the geometric flux density $\bm{B}(\bm{r})\equiv\bm{B}_{+}(\bm{r})$ for the strong coupling ($v_{0}=0.25$) corresponding to the most flat adiabatic bands. In this regime the flux develops stripes in the $x$ direction and has a strong $y$ dependence. For the whole range of coupling strengths $0\le v_{0}\le 1/2$ the total synthetic magnetic flux per unit cell is $2\pi$ and is independent of the Floquet frequency $\omega$ and the gradient $\beta$. Band structure and Chern numbers -------------------------------- We analyze the topological properties of this Floquet flux lattice by explicitly numerically computing the band structure and associated Chern number using the effective Hamiltonian (\[eq:h\_eff\]) without making the adiabatic approximation introduced in Sec. \[subsec:Adiabatic-evolution-and\]. Again the gradient of the original magnetic field is such that we approximately get a square lattice, $\beta=0.6$. Furthermore, we choose the Floquet frequency to be ten times larger than the recoil energy, $E_{\text{r}}=0.1$. First, let us consider the case where $v_{0}=0.25$ corresponding to the most flat adiabatic potential. In this situation the Chern numbers of the first five bands appear to be equal to the unity, as one can see in the left part of Fig. \[fig:bands-chern\]. Thus the Hall current should monotonically increase when filling these bands. This resembles the Quantum Hall effect involving the Landau levels. Second, we check what happens when we leave the regime $v_{0}=0.25$ where the adiabatic potential is flat, and consider lower and higher values of the coupling strength $v_{0}$. Near $v_{0}=0.175$ we find a topological phase transition where the lowest two energy bands touch and their Chern numbers change to $c_{1}=0$ and $c_{2}=2$, while the Chern numbers of the higher bands remain unchanged, illustrated in fig. \[fig:chern\]. In a vicinity of $v_{0}=0.3$ there is another phase transition, where the second and third bands touch, leading to a new distribution of Chern numbers: $c_{1}=1$, $c_{2}=-1$, $c_{3}=3$, $c_{4}=1$. Interestingly the Chern numbers of the second and the third bands jump by two units during such a transition. ![Left: band structure given by the effective Hamiltonian (\[eq:h\_eff\]) for $v_{0}=0.25$, $\beta=0.6$ and $E_{\text{r}}=0.1$. Right: The band gap $\Delta_{12}$ between the first and second bands for $E_{\text{r}}=0.1$ and various values of $v_{0}$ and $\beta$.[]{data-label="fig:bands-chern"}](fig5){width="85.00000%"} ![Dependence of Chern number on the coupling strength $v_{0}$ for $\beta=0.6$ and $E_{\text{r}}=0.1$. Here we present the Chern numbers $c_{1}$, $c_{2}$ and $c_{3}$ of the three lowest bands.[]{data-label="fig:chern"}](fig6){width="50.00000%"} Finally, we explore the robustness of the topological bands. The right part of Fig. \[fig:bands-chern\] shows the dependence of the band gap $\Delta_{12}$ between the first and second bands on the coupling strength $v_{0}$ and the potential gradient $\beta$. One can see that the band gap is maximum for $v_{0}=0.25$ when the adiabatic potential is the most flat. The gap increases by increasing the gradient $\beta$, simultaneously extending the range of the $v_{0}$ values where the band gap is nonzero. Therefore to observe the topological bands, one needs to take a proper value of the Raman coupling $v_{0}\approx0.25$ and a sufficiently large gradient $\beta$, such as $\beta=0.6$. We now make some numerical estimates to confirm that this scheme is reasonable. We consider an ensemble of $^{87}{\rm Rb}$ atoms, with $\left\|{\uparrow}\right>=\left\|f=2,m_{F}=2\right>$ and $\left\|\downarrow\right>=\left\|{f=1,m_{F}=1}\right>$; the relative magnetic moment of these hyperfine states is $\approx2.1\ {\rm MHz}/{\rm G}$, where $1\ {\rm G}=10^{-4}\ {\rm T}$. For a reasonable magnetic field gradient of $300\ \mathrm{G}/\mathrm{cm}$, this leads to the $\Delta^{\prime}/\hbar\approx2\pi\times600\ \mathrm{MHz}/\mathrm{cm}=2\pi\times60\ {\rm kHz}/\mu{\rm m}$ detuning gradient. For $^{87}{\rm Rb}$ with $\lambda=790\ {\rm nm}$ laser fields the recoil frequency is $\omega_{r}/2\pi=3.5\ \mathrm{kHz}$. Along with the driving frequency $\omega=10\omega_{r}$, this provides the dimensionless energy gradient $\beta=\Delta^{\prime}/(\hbar\omega k_{0})\approx1.3$, allowing easy access to the topological bands displayed in Fig. \[fig:bands-chern\]. Loading into dressed states --------------------------- Adiabatic loading into this lattice can be achieved by extending the techniques already applied to loading in to Raman dressed states [@Lin2009a]. The loading technique begins with a BEC in the lower energy $\downarrow$ state in a uniform magnetic field $B_{0}$. Subsequently one slowly ramps on a single off resonance RF coupling field and the adiabatically ramp the RF field to resonance (at frequency $\delta\omega$). This RF dressed state can be transformed into a resonant Raman dressed by ramping on the Raman lasers (with only the $\omega_{0}+\delta\omega$ frequency on the $k^{-}$ laser beam) while ramping off the RF field. The loading procedure then continues by slowly ramping on the remaining frequency components on the $k^{-}$ beam, and finally by ramping on the magnetic field gradient (essentially according in the lattice sites from infinity). This procedure leaves the BEC in the $q=0$ crystal momentum state in a single Floquet band. Conclusions =========== Initial proposals [@Juzeliunas2006; @Spielman2009; @Gunter2009] and experiments [@Lin2009b] with geometric gauge potentials were limited by the small spatial regions over which these existed. Here we described a proposal that overcomes these limitations using laser coupling reminiscent of a frequency comb: temporally pulsed Raman coupling. Typically, techniques relying on temporal modulation of Hamiltonian parameters to engineer lattice parameters suffer from micro-motion driven heating. Because our method is applied to atoms initially in free space, with no optical lattice present, there are no a priori resonant conditions that would otherwise constrains the modulation frequency to avoid transitions between original Bloch bands [@Weinberg15PRA]. Still, no technique is without its limitations, and this proposal does not resolve the second standing problem of Raman coupling techniques: spontaneous emission process from the Raman lasers. Our new scheme extends the spatial zone where gauge fields are present by adding side-bands to Raman lasers, ultimately leading to a $\propto\sqrt{N}$ increase in the required laser power (where $N$ is the number of frequency tones), and therefore the spontaneous emission rate. As a practical consequence it is likely that this technique would not be able reach the low entropies required for many-body topological matter in alkali systems [@Goldman2014], but straightforward implementations with single-lasers on alkaline-earth clock transitions [@Fallani16PRL; @Kolkowitz2016socSr] are expected to be practical. Acknowledgements {#acknowledgements .unnumbered} ================ We thank Immanuel Bloch, Egidijus Anisimovas and Julius Ruseckas for helpful discussions. This research was supported by the Lithuanian Research Council (Grant No. MIP-086/2015). I. B. S. was partially supported by the ARO’s Atomtronics MURI, by AFOSR’s Quantum Matter MURI, NIST, and the NSF through the PCF at the JQI. [34]{}ifxundefined \[1\][ ifx[\#1]{} ]{}ifnum \[1\][ \#1firstoftwo secondoftwo ]{}ifx \[1\][ \#1firstoftwo secondoftwo ]{}““\#1””@noop \[0\][secondoftwo]{}sanitize@url \[0\][‘\ 12‘\$12 ‘&12‘\#12‘12‘\_12‘%12]{}@startlink\[1\]@endlink\[0\]@bib@innerbibempty @noop [**, ()]{} [, ()](\doibase 10.1080/00018730701223200) [, ()](\doibase 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.885) [](https://www.amazon.com/Ultracold-Atoms-Optical-Lattices-Simulating/dp/0199573123) (, ) @noop [**, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} [, ()](http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/00018730802564122 %@ 0001-8732 %[ August 24, 2009) [, ()](\doibase 10.1103/RevModPhys.81.647) @noop [“,” ]{} (), @noop [, ()]{} [, ()](\doibase 10.1103/RevModPhys.83.1523) [, ()](\doibase 10.1088/0034-4885/77/12/126401) [, ()](\doibase 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.225304) [, ()](\doibase 10.1088/0034-4885/76/8/086401) [, ()](\doibase 10.1038/nature13915) @noop [, ()]{} [, ()](\doibase 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.150404) [, ()](\doibase 10.1088/1367-2630/5/1/356) [, ()](\doibase 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.010403) @noop [ ()]{} [, ()](\doibase 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.185301) [, ()](\doibase 10.1038/nphys3803) @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} [, ()](http://stacks.iop.org/1367-2630/14/i=12/a=123022) @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} @noop [, ()]{} @noop [**, ()]{}	{ "pile_set_name": "ArXiv" }
5th Edda Awards The 5th Edda Awards were held on 10 October 2003 at Nordica Hótel in Reykjavik. The awards were hosted by TV presenters Eva María Jónsdóttir and Sverrir Þór Sverrisson (Sveppi). The latter was the previous year's Best Television Personality. 15 awards were given plus the Icelandic Film and Television Academy's Honorary Award. The film Nói Albinói, directed by Dagur Kári, had the most nominations and wins, being nominated for ten awards and winning six. Discontinued Awards Best Television Program (staged) Result The nominees and winners were: (Winners highlighted in bold) Best Film: Nói albínói Stella í framboði Stormviðri Best Director: Dagur Kári Pétursson, for Nói albínói Gunnar B. Guðmundsson, for Karamellumyndin Ólafur Sveinsson, for Hlemmur Best Actor: Ólafur Darri Ólafsson, for the Short Film Fullt hús Tómas Lemarquis, for Nói albínói Þórhallur Sigurðsson (Laddi), for Stella í framboði Best Actress: Edda Björgvinsdóttir, for Stella í framboði Elodie Bouchez, for Stormviðri Sigurlaug (Didda) Jónsdóttir, for Stormviðri Best Supporting Actor: Hjalti Rögnvaldsson, for Nói albínói Þorsteinn Gunnarsson, for Nói albínói Þröstur Leó Gunnarsson, for Nói albínói Best Supporting Actress: Anna Friðriksdóttir, for Nói albínói Edda Heiðrún Backman, for Áramótaskaupið 2002 Elín Hansdóttir, for Nói albínói Best Screenplay: Dagur Kári Pétursson, for Nói albínói Gunnar B. Guðmundsson, for Karamellumyndin Ólafur Sveinsson, for Hlemmur Best Visual Design: Bjarki Rafn Guðmundsson, for special effects in Karamellumyndin Jón Steinar Ragnarsson, for set design in í Nói albínói Stígur Steinþórsson, for set design in Karamellumyndin Best Sound or Cinematography: Jón Karl Helgason, for cinematography and editing in Mótmælandi Íslands Rasmus Videbæk, for cinematography in Nói albínói Sigurrós, for music in Hlemmur Best Documentary: Hlemmur Mótmælandi Íslands Best Short Film: Burst Karamellumyndin Tíu Laxnesmyndir Best Television Program: Áramótaskaupið 2002 Sjálfstætt fólk Popppunktur Spaugstofan Best News Anchor: Brynhildur Ólafsdóttir, for Stöð 2 News Egill Helgason, for Silfur Egils – Skjárinn Ómar Ragnarsson, for RÚV News Best Music Video: Írafár - , directed by Guðjón Jónsson Maus - Life in a Fish Bowl, directed by Björn og Börkur Quarashi – Mess it Up, directed by Gaukur Úlfarsson Best Television Personality: Gísli Marteinn Baldursson Honorary Award: Knútur Hallsson, former politician, for his contribution in Icelandic film affairs. External links Edda Awards official website Edda Awards 2003 Photo Gallery at mbl.is References Category:Edda Awards Category:Icelandic film awards Category:2003 film awards	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Reading this on mobile? Click here to view Roger Allam 1. Learn your lines so well that you never have to worry about them. 2. Keep a notebook about the play, the character, the period, your moves. It'll help you remember what you have done so far – especially if you're having to rehearse in your spare time rather than all day, every day. 3. Never go dead for a second on stage. Even if you are doing nothing, do it actively. Listen. 4. If something goes wrong – say someone drops something – don't ignore it. Try to deal with it in character. 5. Warm up your voice and body. Get used to the size of the auditorium; if you don't know it already, go to the worst seats in the house and have conversations with people on the stage so you get to know what kind of energy is needed to be heard. 6. Be ambitious. The great actor, director and playwright Ann Jellicoe commissioned writers like Howard Barker and David Edgar, and put on magnificent, large-scale plays in Dorset that involved the whole community. 7. On the other hand, probably avoid Aeschylus's Oresteia or anything by the German dramatist Heinrich von Kleist. 8. Try not to worry about embarrassing yourself. That's a lifetime's task. 9. The Victorian actor Henry Irving said: "Speak clearly and be human" – but if you listen to his recordings, the boundaries of that are pretty vast. James Cagney said: "Never relax, and mean what you say." I think that's pretty good. 10. You are released from the miserable aspects of having to earn your living in this marvellous business called show, so have fun: be as serious as you like, but enjoy yourself. Roger Allam has worked with the RSC, the National, Shakespeare's Globe and in the West End. TV and film includes The Thick of It, Tamara Drewe and Parade's End. I wish I followed these rules all the time when I act. The truth is, you really learn these things by doing it: "acting" means putting it all into action. 1. Trust your playwright. If he or she is a great one, most of the work will have been done for you. 2. Read the play at least three times out loud before standing it on its feet. A lot of the blocking (the positioning of the actors on stage) will come out of understanding what your characters want, and from whom. 3. Listen to the person who's talking – unless your character isn't listening to them. 4. Don't be afraid to make an eejit of yourself. 5. Change the look in the other person's eye. 6. If it's in verse, paraphrase it first. 7. Keep it simple. 8. Remember that most characters use words to affect, connect with or change the other person. 9. As [the actor] Ralph Richardson said, before you leave the dressing room, look in the mirror and ask yourself: "Is it human?" 10. It's only a play! Niamh Cusack has worked at the RSC, the National and the Old Vic. TV and film include Heartbeat and Hereafter. 1. Find the right level for the group. Being underambitious (thinking you can't tackle big plays) or overambitious (thinking you can tackle King Lear on your first time out) is a recipe for disaster. 2. Choose a play you feel confident you understand: liking a play isn't the same as understanding it. 3. Cast to the performers' strengths. I've seen amateur directors pander to the ego of the cast member with the strongest personality. Bottom the Weaver in A Midsummer Night's Dream is Shakespeare's warning from history: he says he can play lions and lovers and everything in between, but he can't. 4. Sit around a table and read the play for much longer than you want to. It might seem boring, but it saves loads of time later: you'll find that rehearsals fly along because everybody understands what they're doing. 5. Leave more time for technical rehearsals than you think you need. You'll be amazed at how much you still have to do once you get into the theatre: working out the distances between everything on stage, what the lights are like, where your props are. 6. Try to perform your play for more than five nights. Amateur groups often do a few scattered rehearsals across a few months, and then perform it once or twice. But if you perform it more often, you'll see acting more as a job than as a one-off, razzle-dazzle thing. Paterson Joseph has worked extensively with the National and the RSC. He also stars as Alan Johnson in Peep Show. Reading this on mobile? Click here to view I don't see any difference between amateurs and professionals – so I would give my tips, such as they are, to anybody. The aim of any actor is the same: to tell the truth in such a way that people will be entertained, uplifted and surprised. 1. Listen before anything else. 2. Read the text over and over again, and make sure you know the lines. 3. Go and see other performances, and be critical about them: work out whether you'd have smiled in that place, or turned your head at that moment. 4. Never show off. You can sometimes come to a particular point in a show and think, "I'm really good in this bit." Never, ever think that. 5. Never read reviews. I haven't read mine since I was in rep. 6. Never know more than your character knows. I'm not talking about research; I mean that when you are performing, you must stay inside the truth of your character. Don't signpost to an audience what they should be thinking. 7. The most important thing is to breathe. If you stop breathing properly, you get a sore throat. And if you stop breathing, you die. Miriam Margolyes has worked at the RSC and in the West End; she has been touring her one-woman show about Charles Dickens and his female characters since 1989. Films include The Age of Innocence and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. 1. Read as many plays as possible, especially by classical writers such as Ibsen, Chekhov and Shakespeare. 2. Watch performances on YouTube. There are so many amazing theatrical snippets on there now. It's just as useful to watch bad performances as it is to watch good ones. You need to be able to differentiate. 3. Go to the theatre as often as you can. 4. Turn up on time. If you're going to commit to something, you should see it through with good grace. 5. Don't be a twat. There's always one: make sure it's not you. 6. Always have a huge supply of cakes and sweets – both for your sugar levels and to butter everyone else up. 7. People-watch: it's the best way to develop a character. When you're walking down the street, or sitting on a bus, in a cafe or doctor's surgery – don't close yourself off. 8. If you're cast as a historical character, think of a modern-day equivalent. In rehearsals for Ibsen's An Enemy of the People, for instance, I encouraged an actor playing the mayor to channel Boris Johnson. Julie Graham has appeared in Doc Martin, Bonekickers, Survivors, At Home With the Braithwaites and The Sarah Jane Adventures. • Nation's Best Am Dram continues on Sky Arts 1 on 5 December at 9pm.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: Send data from Telerik Grid to new tab/page on button click I have a Telerik Grid as below ( I'm relatively new to MVC and brand new to Telerik controls). The grid is a partial view that gets updated from a list of search criteria. @(Html.Kendo().Grid((IEnumerable<MyModel>)Model.MyModel) .Name("grid") .DataSource(ds => ds.Ajax() .Model(mod => { mod.Id(m => m.Id); mod.Field(p => p.Name).Editable(false); })) .Columns(columns => { columns.Template(@<text></text>).ClientTemplate("<input type='checkbox' #= IsSelected ? checked='checked':'' # class='chkbx' value='#= Id#' name='SelectedArea' />") .HeaderTemplate("<input type='checkbox' id='masterCheckBox' onclick='checkAll(this)'/>").Width(20); columns.Bound(p => p.Name).Filterable(false).Width(100); }) .Editable(ed => ed.Mode(GridEditMode.InCell)) .Pageable() .Sortable() .Scrollable() .Filterable() ) The users need to be able to select from the grid with the check boxes, then click a button which should pop-up (new window/new tab) with a report generated from the selected items in the grid, leaving the original page alone. If I submit the page, it sends the selected list back but loses the partial page of the Grid (and all the selected items. If I just create a link and open a new page it doesn't post any of the data so I don't know which ones were selected. here are some of the attempts I made for buttons/actions. I suspect this is much simpler than I am finding it to be, but I can't see the forest through the trees... <input type="submit" name="Command" value="Print Call List" formtarget="_blank" /> <input type="submit" name="Command" value="Print Call List" onclick="location.href='@Url.Action("CallList", "Reports", new { target="_blank" })'" /> @Html.ActionLink("Print Call List", "CallList", "Reports", null, new { target = "_blank" }) A: Finally figured it out myself. I am still submitting the form just like clicking on the search button. Using a different button I validate what is asked for, (search vs. print list), if it is searching, continue to do what it was before. If a report is requested,then I added a flag to the view object called ShowCallList if (Request.IsAjaxRequest()) { if ("Print Call List" == command) { TempData.Add("SelectedArea", searchModel.SelectedArea); searchModel.ShowCallList = true; } searchModel.SearchResults = ExecuteSearch(searchModel); return PartialView("_SearchResults", searchModel); } then added the following code to the view. @if (Model.ShowCallList) { @Html.Raw("window.open('") @Url.Action("CallList", "Reports", new { target="_blank" }) @Html.Raw("')"); } It will print out an open window command and the url has a target of blank to open in a new window. I put the needed list of id's into the TempData to pass it to the report page. So the report gets the needed parameters from the TempData when it is called when the search page reloads. I also had to make a small modification to the search method to recheck the check boxes in the search results grid so it appears to the end user that only the new page was opened with the requested report. IsSelected = searchModel.SelectedArea.Contains(item.ID),	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Filler words like “um” may seem natural in everyday speech, but they do not belong in formal presentations or speeches. Powerful public speakers work hard to eliminate words such as “um,” “uh,” “well,” “so,” “you know,” “er,” and “like” from their vocabulary so that their listeners can focus solely on their message. Filler words represent verbal static that has to be filtered out by your audience!	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
// // ZZFDRQSuccessCell.m // ZZFLEXDemo // // Created by 李伯坤 on 2018/1/24. // Copyright © 2018年李伯坤. All rights reserved. // #import "ZZFDRQSuccessCell.h" @implementation ZZFDRQSuccessCell + (CGFloat)viewHeightByDataModel:(id)dataModel { return 180; } - (void)setViewDataModel:(UIColor )dataModel { [self setBackgroundColor:dataModel]; } - (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) { [self setBackgroundColor:[UIColor whiteColor]]; self.contentView.addLabel(1001) .text(@"请求成功").font([UIFont systemFontOfSize:15]) .masonry(^(UIView senderView, MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.center.mas_equalTo(0); }); } return self; } @end	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
// Dstl (c) Crown Copyright 2017 package uk.gov.dstl.baleen.annotators.cleaners; import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; import org.apache.uima.analysis_engine.AnalysisEngine; import org.apache.uima.fit.factory.AnalysisEngineFactory; import org.apache.uima.fit.util.JCasUtil; import org.junit.Test; import uk.gov.dstl.baleen.annotators.testing.Annotations; import uk.gov.dstl.baleen.annotators.testing.AnnotatorTestBase; import uk.gov.dstl.baleen.types.common.Person; import uk.gov.dstl.baleen.types.semantic.ReferenceTarget; public class CorefCapitalisationAndApostropheTest extends AnnotatorTestBase { private static final String JAMES_UC = "JAMES"; private static final String JAMES = "James"; private static final String TEXT = "James went to London. JAMES has also been to Edinburgh."; @Test public void testNoExistingReferents() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine(CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class); jCas.setDocumentText(TEXT); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 0, 5, JAMES); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 27, JAMES_UC); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(1, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rt = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); assertEquals(rt, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rt, p2t.getReferent()); } @Test public void testOneExistingReferent() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine(CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class); jCas.setDocumentText(TEXT); ReferenceTarget rt = Annotations.createReferenceTarget(jCas); Person p1 = Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 0, 5, JAMES); p1.setReferent(rt); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 27, JAMES_UC); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(1, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rtt = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); assertEquals(rtt, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rtt, p2t.getReferent()); } @Test public void testTwoExistingReferent() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine(CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class); jCas.setDocumentText(TEXT + " James has not been to Guatemala."); ReferenceTarget rt = Annotations.createReferenceTarget(jCas); Person p1 = Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 0, 5, JAMES); p1.setReferent(rt); Person p2 = Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 27, JAMES_UC); p2.setReferent(rt); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 56, 61, JAMES); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(1, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rtt = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); Person p3t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 2); assertEquals(rtt, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rtt, p2t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rtt, p3t.getReferent()); } @Test public void testExistingReferentsMerge() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine( CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class, "mergeReferents", true); jCas.setDocumentText(TEXT); ReferenceTarget rt1 = Annotations.createReferenceTarget(jCas); ReferenceTarget rt2 = Annotations.createReferenceTarget(jCas); Person p1 = Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 0, 5, JAMES); p1.setReferent(rt1); Person p2 = Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 27, JAMES_UC); p2.setReferent(rt2); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(1, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rtt = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); assertEquals(rtt, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rtt, p2t.getReferent()); } @Test public void testExistingReferentsNoMerge() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine(CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class); jCas.setDocumentText(TEXT); ReferenceTarget rt1 = Annotations.createReferenceTarget(jCas); ReferenceTarget rt2 = Annotations.createReferenceTarget(jCas); Person p1 = Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 0, 5, JAMES); p1.setReferent(rt1); Person p2 = Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 27, JAMES_UC); p2.setReferent(rt2); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(2, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rt1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); ReferenceTarget rt2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 1); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); assertEquals(rt1t, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rt2t, p2t.getReferent()); } @Test public void testMissingValue() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine(CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class); jCas.setDocumentText(TEXT); Person p1 = new Person(jCas); p1.setBegin(0); p1.setEnd(5); p1.addToIndexes(); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 27, JAMES_UC); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(1, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rt = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); assertEquals(rt, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rt, p2t.getReferent()); } @Test public void testApostropheS() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine(CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class); jCas.setDocumentText("Naomi went to London. Naomi's train was late."); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 0, 5, "Naomi"); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 29, "Naomi's"); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(1, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rt = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); assertEquals(rt, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rt, p2t.getReferent()); } @Test public void testSApostrophe() throws Exception { AnalysisEngine corefCapAE = AnalysisEngineFactory.createEngine(CorefCapitalisationAndApostrophe.class); jCas.setDocumentText("James went to London. James' train was late."); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 0, 5, "James"); Annotations.createPerson(jCas, 22, 28, "James'"); corefCapAE.process(jCas); assertEquals(1, JCasUtil.select(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class).size()); ReferenceTarget rt = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, ReferenceTarget.class, 0); Person p1t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 0); Person p2t = JCasUtil.selectByIndex(jCas, Person.class, 1); assertEquals(rt, p1t.getReferent()); assertEquals(rt, p2t.getReferent()); } }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Sanjay Nirupam said, “It’s a democracy and the PM isn’t God in a democracy, people speak of him while maintaining decorum.” Sanjay Nirupam said, “It’s a democracy and the PM isn’t God in a democracy, people speak of him while maintaining decorum.” Defending his “unpadh-gawaar” (illiterate) remark against Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Mumbai Congress chief Sanjay Nirupam has said that the words he used are not undignified. “It’s a democracy and the PM isn’t God in a democracy, people speak of him while maintaining a decorum. The words I used aren’t undignified,” ANI quoted Nirupam as saying. The Congress leader Wednesday said, “Jo bachhe school, college mein padh rahe hain woh Modi jaise unpadh-gawaar ke baare mein jaan kar unko kya milne wala hai? Yeh bahut sharmnaak baat hai ki aaj tak humare desh ke nagrik aur bacchhon ko pata hi nahi hai ki PM ki degree kitni hai. (What will the children studying in schools, colleges gain by learning about an illiterate like Modi? It is a shameful thing that the country’s citizens and children still do not know how many degrees the PM has).” Raising questions on PM Modi’s educational qualification yet again, Nirupam wondered whether the Delhi University was under pressure to not release the PM’s degree. “If children ask about educational qualification of the PM, what will you tell them? People don’t know his qualification. What are the forces which pressurise Delhi University not to release his degree, even when it’s claimed he studied there?” he said. Nirupam’s controversial remark against PM Modi has come in response to the screening of ‘Chalo jeete hain’, a short film inspired by Modi’s life, in Mumbai schools. In 2016, after the demonetisation, Nirupam had blamed PM Modi for the deaths of over 70 persons allegedly linked to demonetisation, saying the Prime Minister “should be booked for murder”. “One and only person is responsible for all these deaths — Prime Minister Narendra Modi. I demand he should be held responsible and booked under Section 302 (of IPC) for murder,” he had said. It wasn’t the first time a Congress leader’s remarks against PM Modi had sparked a controversy. Ahead of last year’s Gujarat Assembly elections, senior Congress leader Mani Shankar Aiyar had called Modi a ‘neech kisam ka aadmi’. The remark eventually led to his suspension from the party. 📣 The Indian Express is now on Telegram. Click here to join our channel (@indianexpress) and stay updated with the latest headlines For all the latest India News, download Indian Express App. © IE Online Media Services Pvt Ltd	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
We Had No Choice But To Reveal This... A step-by-step blueprint that will break down an extremely specific process that is proven to work time and time again inside of the Shopify business model. PROCEED WITH CAUTION, because this is a powerful strategy....	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Q: Read from Kafka and write to hdfs in parquet I am new to the BigData eco system and kind of getting started. I have read several articles about reading a kafka topic using spark streaming but would like to know if it is possible to read from kafka using a spark job instead of streaming ? If yes, could you guys help me in pointing out to some articles or code snippets that can get me started. My second part of the question is writing to hdfs in parquet format. Once i read from Kafka , i assume i will have an rdd. Convert this rdd into a dataframe and then write the dataframe as a parquet file. Is this the right approach. Any help appreciated. Thanks A: You already have a couple of good answers on the topic. Just wanted to stress out - be careful to stream directly into a parquet table. Parquet's performance shines when parquet row group sizes are large enough (for simplicity, you can say file size should be in order of 64-256Mb for example), to take advantage of dictionary compression, bloom filters etc. (one parquet file can have multiple row chunks in it, and normally does have multiple row chunks in each file; although row chunks can't span multiple parquet files) If you're streaming directly to a parquet table, then you'll end up very likely with a bunch of tiny parquet files (depending on mini-batch size of Spark Streaming, and volume of data). Querying such files can be very slow. Parquet may require reading all files' headers to reconcile schema for example and it's a big overhead. If this is the case, you will need to have a separate process that will, for example, as a workaround, read older files, and writes them "merged" (this wouldn't be a simple file-level merge, a process would actually need to read in all parquet data and spill out larger parquet files). This workaround may kill the original purpose of data "streaming". You could look at other technologies here too - like Apache Kudu, Apache Kafka, Apache Druid, Kinesis etc that can work here better. Update: since I posted this answer, there is now a new strong player here - Delta Lake. https://delta.io/ If you're used to parquet, you'll find Delta very attractive (actually, Delta is built on top of parquet layer + metadata). Delta Lake offers: ACID transactions on Spark: Serializable isolation levels ensure that readers never see inconsistent data. Scalable metadata handling: Leverages Spark’s distributed processing power to handle all the metadata for petabyte-scale tables with billions of files at ease. Streaming and batch unification: A table in Delta Lake is a batch table as well as a streaming source and sink. Streaming data ingest, batch historic backfill, interactive queries all just work out of the box. Schema enforcement: Automatically handles schema variations to prevent insertion of bad records during ingestion. Time travel: Data versioning enables rollbacks, full historical audit trails, and reproducible machine learning experiments. Upserts and deletes: Supports merge, update and delete operations to enable complex usecases like change-data-capture, slowly-changing-dimension (SCD) operations, streaming upserts, and so on. A: For reading data from Kafka and writing it to HDFS, in Parquet format, using Spark Batch job instead of streaming, you can use Spark Structured Streaming. Structured Streaming is a scalable and fault-tolerant stream processing engine built on the Spark SQL engine. You can express your streaming computation the same way you would express a batch computation on static data. The Spark SQL engine will take care of running it incrementally and continuously and updating the final result as streaming data continues to arrive. You can use the Dataset/DataFrame API in Scala, Java, Python or R to express streaming aggregations, event-time windows, stream-to-batch joins, etc. The computation is executed on the same optimized Spark SQL engine. Finally, the system ensures end-to-end exactly-once fault-tolerance guarantees through checkpointing and Write Ahead Logs. In short, Structured Streaming provides fast, scalable, fault-tolerant, end-to-end exactly-once stream processing without the user having to reason about streaming. It comes with Kafka as a built in Source, i.e., we can poll data from Kafka. It’s compatible with Kafka broker versions 0.10.0 or higher. For pulling the data from Kafka in batch mode, you can create a Dataset/DataFrame for a defined range of offsets. // Subscribe to 1 topic defaults to the earliest and latest offsets val df = spark .read .format("kafka") .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", "host1:port1,host2:port2") .option("subscribe", "topic1") .load() df.selectExpr("CAST(key AS STRING)", "CAST(value AS STRING)") .as[(String, String)] // Subscribe to multiple topics, specifying explicit Kafka offsets val df = spark .read .format("kafka") .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", "host1:port1,host2:port2") .option("subscribe", "topic1,topic2") .option("startingOffsets", """{"topic1":{"0":23,"1":-2},"topic2":{"0":-2}}""") .option("endingOffsets", """{"topic1":{"0":50,"1":-1},"topic2":{"0":-1}}""") .load() df.selectExpr("CAST(key AS STRING)", "CAST(value AS STRING)") .as[(String, String)] // Subscribe to a pattern, at the earliest and latest offsets val df = spark .read .format("kafka") .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", "host1:port1,host2:port2") .option("subscribePattern", "topic.*") .option("startingOffsets", "earliest") .option("endingOffsets", "latest") .load() df.selectExpr("CAST(key AS STRING)", "CAST(value AS STRING)") .as[(String, String)] Each row in the source has the following schema: \| Column \| Type \| \|:-----------------\|--------------:\| \| key \| binary \| \| value \| binary \| \| topic \| string \| \| partition \| int \| \| offset \| long \| \| timestamp \| long \| \| timestampType \| int \| Now, to write Data to HDFS in parquet format, following code can be written: df.write.parquet("hdfs://data.parquet") For more information on Spark Structured Streaming + Kafka, please refer to following guide - Kafka Integration Guide I hope it helps! A: Use Kafka Streams. SparkStreaming is an misnomer (it's mini-batch under the hood, at least up to 2.2). https://eng.verizondigitalmedia.com/2017/04/28/Kafka-to-Hdfs-ParquetSerializer/	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Background {#Sec1} ========== The African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) has become a very popular pet in Poland in the last few years. It is smaller than the European hedgehog and is a member of the insectivore family Erinaceidae, subfamily Erinaceinae. African pygmy hedgehogs are domesticated animals and live for about 5--7 years in captivity. They possess 36 brachyodontic teeth: 2(3/2,1/1,3/2,3/3) with the first incisors being notably longer than the rest, and are spaced apart \[[@CR1]\]. In studies of hedgehogs at histopathology of surgically resected tumor or necropsy approximately 40 % of hedgehogs aged from 1 month to 3 years were diagnosed with neoplastic disease \[[@CR2], [@CR3]\]. The most common histologic types of tumors are mammary gland adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma \[[@CR2], [@CR4], [@CR5]\]. The digestive tract, including the oral cavity, is the third most common site of neoplastic disease in hedgehogs \[[@CR4]\]. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy protocols have not yet been established for the African pygmy hedgehog, and therefore, surgical resection is currently the best treatment in cases where the tumor is benign, well separated from the healthy tissue and without metastases. Medical knowledge, veterinary care, and the awareness of African pygmy hedgehog owners are ever increasing. The average life span of domesticated animals is prolonged compared with wild animals. This situation predisposes domesticated hedgehogs to more frequent development of tumors, including oral cavity. In addition, it is well known that periodontal disease, tooth root abscesses, and various neoplasms (e.g. squamous cell carcinoma, lymphosarcoma) occur frequently in African pygmy hedgehogs \>3 years old \[[@CR4]\]. Peripheral odontogenic fibroma (previously named as fibromatous epulis of periodontal ligament origin) is a peripheral odontogenic neoplasm, indistinguishable clinically from fibrous hyperplasia, most common in dogs, and rarely occurring in cats. The prognosis following surgical removal is good \[[@CR6], [@CR7]\]. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of surgical resection of a peripheral odontogenic fibroma in the African pygmy hedgehog. The significance of this case report is that it will enable veterinary clinicians to familiarize themselves with the surgical resection of benign oral tumors (peripheral odontogenic fibroma) in the African pygmy hedgehog and consider the peripheral odontogenic fibroma as other primary neoplasm of oral cavity in this species. Case presentation {#Sec2} ================= A 5-year-old male African pygmy hedgehog showed two erythematous, round small tumors protruding from the oral cavity. One tumor was visible on the closed mouth on the right side of the head (Figs. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"} and [2](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}), and the other was located on the left side, inside the oral cavity, above the molar teeth (Fig. [3](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). Both tumors were well separated from the gum, pedunculated, soft texture, uneven surfaces, painless. The neoplastic lesion on the left side had a diameter of approximately 5 mm, was pale pink, while the lesion on the right side had a diameter of approximately 11 mm and on its surface small foci of hyperemia were observed. There was no deformation of hard tissue of splanchnocranium during clinical examination. The pet owner complained of problems with food and water intake, because of the neoplastic tumors located on the surface of maxilla. The animal's appetite remained good. Physical examination revealed the animal was in very good condition with a rectal temperature of 36.8 °C.Fig. 1Preoperative view of oral tumors located above the molar teeth, on both sides of the maxilla in an African pygmy hedgehogFig. 2Preoperative view of oral tumors located above the molar teeth, on both sides of the maxilla in an African pygmy hedgehogFig. 3Preoperative view of oral tumors located above the molar teeth, on both sides of the maxilla in an African pygmy hedgehog Anesthesia was induced with 30 mg/kg of ketamine hydrochloride (Bioketan; Vetoquinol Biowet, Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland) and 0.15 mg/kg of medetomidine hydrochloride (Domitor; Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ, USA) intramuscularly (IM). To prevent hypersalivation, atropine sulfate (Atropinum Sulfuricum; Polfa, Warszawa, Poland) at 0.03 mg/kg IM was administered. The preferred method for sedating small animals is gas anesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane \[[@CR8]\], but in this case using a facial mask was impossible because of the location of the tumors. The animal was placed on a heating mat to prevent hypothermia. A portable veterinary monitor (MEC-1200-Vet; Mindray, Shenzhen, China) was used to constantly monitor the patient's breathing rate and heart rate. Surgical resection of tumors and bleeding were controlled simultaneously using a surgical knife electrocoagulation system (Martin System 2000; Gebrüder Martin GmbH & Co, Tuttlingen, Germany). The results of surgical resection of the oral tumors are shown in Figures (Figs. [4](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"} and [5](#Fig5){ref-type="fig"}).Fig. 4Postoperative view of the excised oral tumors using surgical knife electrocoagulationFig. 5Postoperative view of the excised oral tumors using surgical knife electrocoagulation After surgical procedures, atipamezole hydrochloride (Antisedan; Zoetis) 0.3 mg/kg IM and meloxicam (Metacam; Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany) 0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously were administered \[[@CR9]\]. The patient's condition was monitored until it reached full consciousness. The excised tumors underwent fixation in 7 % buffered formalin, were embedded in paraffin blocks, and 6 μm slides were cut. The preparations were stained using the standard hematoxylin-eosin method \[[@CR10]\], and subsequently evaluated using light microscopy using WHO guidelines for the evaluation of oral cavity tumors. Photomicrographs of the preparations were obtained using computer-amplified image analysis and an optical microscope (Olympus BX53; Olympus, Tokio, Japan). Histopathological analysis was conducted using the cell^\^^A software (Olympus Soft Imaging Solution GmbH, Münster, Germany). Results and discussion {#Sec3} ====================== Histopathological examination of lesions showed epithelial covered, well-vascularized, cellular fibroblastic tissue comprised of small spindle to stellate fibroblasts with small dark basophilic nuclei dispersed in a dense collagen matrix. Few mononuclear inflammatory cells, areas of hard tissue corresponding with areas of mineralization, and branching cords or islands of epithelium with peripheral basal stratum were also observed (Fig. [6a](#Fig6){ref-type="fig"}, [b](#Fig6){ref-type="fig"}, and [c](#Fig6){ref-type="fig"}). All tumors were removed with an appropriate (approximately 2--5 mm) clinical surgical margin and evaluated later by histopathology. The observed pattern is characteristic for peripheral odontogenic fibroma \[[@CR6], [@CR7]\]. Peripheral odontogenic fibromas have been extensively reported in a variety of domestic mammals and humans \[[@CR11]--[@CR16]\]. However, to our knowledge, there is no information concerning peripheral odontogenic fibroma in the African pygmy hedgehog.Fig. 6Histopathological pattern of peripheral odontogenic fibroma in the pygmy hedgehog. a Small spindle to stellate fibroblasts immersed in eosinophilic dense collagen matrix with branching cords and islands of odontogenic epithelium and peripheral palisading of same epithelium. b A small amount of mononuclear inflammatory cells accompanying the peripheral odontogenic fibroma. c Areas of hard tissue corresponding with areas of mineralization within the tumor According to the literature, the most common tumors of the gastrointestinal tract in hedgehogs are oral squamous cell carcinoma, intestinal adenocarcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma, fibrosarcoma, plasmocytoma, and lymphoma \[[@CR4], [@CR17]--[@CR19]\]. Raymond and Garner \[[@CR4]\] diagnosed 35 (53 %) neoplasms in a group of 66 hedgehogs. In three of the 35 animals, more than one type of tumor was present. The authors revealed that 85 % of the tumors were malignant \[[@CR4]\]. Raymond et al. \[[@CR20]\] indicated the presence of malignant mast cell tumor in adult African hedgehog. This tumor was located subcutaneously, along to ventral part of the neck with metastasis to local lymph node \[[@CR20]\]. In other studies, the authors revealed the evidence of a probable retrovirus associated with multicentric sarcomas in two 3 years old hedgehogs, male and female \[[@CR21]\]. In our case, the investigated tumor was benign. Nonetheless, its location in the oral vestibule, which caused the animal's discomfort, pain, and risk of hemorrhage, was an indication for surgery. Conclusions {#Sec4} =========== An early and accurate diagnosis is essential for positive prognosis, curative treatment, and fast recovery in hedgehogs. The resection of oral cavity tumors in the African pygmy hedgehog carried out in this case report can be successfully applied by veterinary clinicians. The established protocol is safe for the patient and provides the best solution for mild proliferative lesions of the oral cavity. To our knowledge this is the first report of surgical resection and histological description of oral tumors (peripheral odontogenic fibroma) in the African pygmy hedgehog. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors' contributions AW-B carried out anesthesia during surgery, took postoperative care of the animal, and drafted the manuscript. MJ carried out surgical resection of the oral tumors and helped draft the manuscript. IJ participated in the preparation and consolidation of histopathological samples and helped draft the manuscript. MN carried out pathomorphological studies. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Publication supported by Wrocław Centre of Biotechnology, programme the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW) for years 2014-2018.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: Expected Economic Impact on Europe-A Call for a Uniform European Strategy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic burden of persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) in Europe. On the basis of available data about the number of persons with dementia, their prevalence, and treatment and care costs, a mean cost burden is estimated for the year of 2030 and for the year of 2050 in Europe. The method of retrospective analysis of available sources was used; furthermore, analysis of database data such as WHO and Eurostat, which provide information about the number of older people and people with dementia; and specification of direct and indirect medical and nonmedical costs of patients with AD and PD from current studies was also used. The findings of this study confirm that the number of patients affected with AD and PD, as well as annual costs of the treatment and care of these patients, in the selected European countries are rapidly growing. The cost burden of both AD and PD in the selected European countries rises year by year, and by 2050, the cost burden of both diseases in fact will be almost two times higher in comparison with the year of 2010. In 2050, the overall mean cost burden is estimated to reach 357 billion Euros. The European Union calls for a joint initiative in the development of a uniformed strategic plan in the fight against dementia.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Opera Bohemia Opera Bohemia is an opera company based in Scotland that performs operas throughout the country. The operas are adapted for small venues and are often performed in remote communities. The company began presenting operas in 2010. History Opera Bohemia was established by two Scottish opera singers, Alastair Digges and Douglas Nairne, with the aim of presenting opera across Scotland, introducing opera to a wider audience, especially to a younger audience, and creating opportunities for young artists. Opera performances have taken place in over twenty towns or villages across Scotland, from the Isle of Skye in the West Highlands, to the east coast, to the Scottish borders, to the Central Belt and to the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. Operas are adapted for a small stage and a small cast with no chorus. A piano and violin replace an orchestra. An exception to this is Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin which includes a string ensemble. Productions and performers Each new production leads to tours which include remote and small venues. Puccini's Madame Butterfly has featured around most of Scotland. It was also performed in London's Middle Temple. Madame Butterfly was most recently reviewed following the Edinburgh Festival Fringe 2015 at which Opera Bohemia has performed a different opera every year since 2010. In that first Edinburgh Festival Fringe production of La Bohème, Mimi was played by international star Pumeza Matshikiza. For Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor in 2012 another international star, Australian soprano Suzanne Shakespeare, performed Lucia. Other operas in Opera Bohemia's repertoire to date are Puccini's La Bohème, Menotti's Amahl and the Night Visitor and Puccini's Gianni Schicci. Regular lead performers include the soprano Catriona Clark and, Alastair Digges (tenor) and Douglas Nairne (baritone). Digges and Nairne are also music directors for the productions, most of which are directed by John Wilkie, Funding Opera Bohemia has received Creative Scotland Lottery Funding and funding from a number of trusts, companies and individuals. External links Official site References Category:British opera companies	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Core tip: Analytical performance of the serum creatinine assays is the critical determinant of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) accuracy. The most widely used compensated Jaffé creatinine assay suffers from a non-specific bias from pseudo-creatinine chromogens (glucose, ketones), which is not the case with the costly enzymatic assays. We evaluated the influence of creatinine methodology on the performance of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-Epidemiology-calculated eGFR for CKD diagnosis/staging in diabetic patients. Our results indicate that compensated Jaffé creatinine procedure, in spite of the glucose-dependent bias, is not inferior to enzymatic creatinine in CKD diagnosis/staging and therefore may provide a reliable and cost-effective tool for the renal function assessment in diabetic patients. INTRODUCTION ============ Global prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rising progressively\[[@B1]\]. Chronic morbidity, associated with various debilitating complications, increased risk for adverse health-outcomes and significant impact regarding both the working ability and quality of life identify diabetes as one of the greatest health-care and socio-economic challenges worldwide. Appropriate strategies to tackle diabetes epidemic include education and lifestyle interventions, evidence-based clinical management as well as the screening for and monitoring of diabetes and/or diabetes-related complications using state-of-the art diagnostic tools. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes and the most common single cause of end-stage renal failure\[[@B1],[@B2]\]. It has been amply evidenced that appropriate interventions at an early stage of DKD can be efficient in preventing and/or delaying the progression of kidney disease and improving patient outcomes. Thus, the regular screening for DKD has became one of the cornerstones of diabetes care. Current clinical guidelines recommend at least an annual screening of DKD in patients with type 1 diabetes with a duration above 5 years, in all patients with type 2 diabetes and in all hypertensive diabetic patients\[[@B3]\]. Once detected, DKD is treated according to clinical guidelines and further monitored at regular intervals\[[@B2],[@B3]\]. Two simple laboratory tests are used for both the screening and staging of CKD in diabetes: Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (SCr-eGFR). Abnormal UAE has long been identified as a sensitive marker of the glomerular basal membrane damage, which is one of the early pathophysiological events in the development of DKD\[[@B4]\]. However, a significant decline in eGFR is a common finding in a notable proportion of diabetic patients with normal UAE, probably reflecting a diversity in the natural history of DKD\[[@B5]\]. Thus, the pathophysiology of DKD has shifted from the "albuminuric paradigm"\[[@B6]\], and the accumulated evidence implicating the progressive renal function decline as an equally relevant pathway identified reliable and accurate laboratory testing for serum creatinine and SCr-eGFR as a very important issue for the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of CKD in diabetic patients. SCr has been used as a cost-effective and practical marker of kidney function for decades, despite severe limitations due to both biological and analytical variability\[[@B7]\]. A handful of biological factors such as age, gender, ethnicity and nutritional habits substantially influence serum creatinine levels, while partial tubular reabsorption and secretion of creatinine further compromise its use as the glomerular filtration marker\[[@B8],[@B9]\]. Nevertheless, SCr-based estimation of GFR by the use of appropriate predictive equation remains the recommended surrogate marker for the assessment of kidney function, since the actual measurement of GFR, due to its complexity and high costs, is not available outside the specialized clinical settings. Current guidelines from the Kidney Disease Improving Global Guidelines (KDIGO) CKD Working Group recommend the use of the chronic kidney disease-Epidemiology Collaboration Group (CKD-EPI) equation\[[@B2]\]. CKD-EPI equation offers an improved reproducibility and accuracy at higher GFR levels (\> 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^), which is the most prominent disadvantage of the previously recommended Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation\[[@B10]\]. Analytical performance and specificity of SCr assay are critical determinants of the eGFR accuracy\[[@B11]\]. The relationship between SCr and GFR is exponential, therefore, errors in SCr measurements resulting from imprecision and bias could strongly impact eGFR results and result in misclassification of the patients regarding their kidney function\[[@B2]\]. Despite standardization and harmonization by the calibration traceable to isotope-dilution-mass spectrometry (IDMS), the non-specific bias from pseudo-creatinine chromogens (glucose, proteins, ketone bodies) is still affecting the most widely used compensated Jaffé alkaline picrate colorimetric creatinine assay\[[@B11],[@B12]\]. Enzymatic creatinine methods are free from these interferences, but far more expensive and therefore not widely used. High-volume routine enzymatic creatinine testing may introduce a substantial financial challenge for the laboratories, even in the otherwise fairly resourced health-care systems\[[@B13]\]. Several analytical and clinical studies advocated the replacement of the compensated Jaffé with enzymatic creatinine assays in order to improve reliability of the eGFR, especially in the diabetic population, which is expected to have an increased amount of interfering substances in serum. However, recently published risk-analysis study, using both analytical and biological variability criteria, revealed a low risk for misclassification of CKD based on Jaffé-SCr-eGFR results in the general population\[[@B13]\], while the clinical impact in diabetic population remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of creatinine methodology on the performance of CKD-EPI-calculated eGFR for CKD evaluation and staging in a large cohort of diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS ===================== Fasting blood samples were taken from diabetic patients attending our clinic for their regular annual examination, including laboratory measurement of SCr and eGFR. Samples from the patients with concomitant infection, limb-amputation and malignancies, as well as the pregnant patients and the patients with severe kidney disease (stage 5, according to KDIGO-2012 classification) were not included in the study. A subset of samples of the patients with severe hyperglycaemia were included in order to evaluate the interference of glucose on the CKD classification across various eGFR categories. Serum creatinine was measured by both IDMS-traceable compensated Jaffé (cJ-SCr) and enzymatic (e-SCr) (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Pasadena, California, United States) procedures with intra-assay imprecision (CV) of 1.58% and 1.39%, respectively. Hexokinase (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Pasadena, California, United States) and NGSP-traceable immunoturbidimetric assays (Tina Quant, Roche, F.Hoffmann-La Roche, Basle, Switzerland) were used for plasma glucose and HbA~1c~ measurement. Assay-specific SCr-eGFR was estimated by the 4-variable CKD-EPI equation using respective creatinine values\[[@B10]\]. UAE was measured by an automated immunoturbidimetric procedure (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Pasadena, California, United States) in fresh spot urine samples. Urinary creatinine was measured in the same samples and UAE results expressed as the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. Staging of albuminuria and CKD, as well as risk assessment for CKD progression was carried out according to KDIGO-2012 criteria (Table [1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). ###### Kidney Disease Improving Global Guidelines-2012 Prognostic Categories of Chronic Kidney Disease according to estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria (adapted from the Reference 2) Albuminuria categories \[albumin/creatinine (mg/mmol)\] ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------- --------------------------- ----------- eGFR categories (mL/min per 1.73 m^2^) G1, ≥ 90 Low risk Moderately increased risk High risk Normal/high G2, 60-90 Low risk Moderately increased risk High risk Mildly decreased G3a, 45-59 Moderately increased risk High risk Very high risk Mildly to moderately decreased G3b, 30-44 High risk Very high risk Very high risk Moderately to severely decreased G4, 15-29 Very high risk Very high risk Very high risk Severely decreased G5, \< 15 Very high risk Very high risk Very high risk Kidney failure eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate. The results were analyzed in the entire population and in sub-groups according to albuminuria (Table [2](#T2){ref-type="table"}). Normality of distribution was tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the significance of differences between the groups was assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test, as appropriate. Comparison between the creatinine methods in the study population was tested by Passing-Bablok regression analysis. Specific SCr-eGFR data were compared by Bland Altman analysis, and their agreement regarding clinical CKD staging was evaluated by inter-rater agreement (kappa-analysis). Statistical analyses were performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 9.4.2.0 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). P \< 0.05 was defined as the threshold of significance. ###### Clinical characteristics of the study subjects across the Kidney Disease Improving Global Guidelines-2012 categories of albuminuria Category of Albuminuria ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N (M/F) 372 (212/198) 166 (87/79) 72 (38/34) Age (yr) 63 (19-88) 68 (18-88) 60[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} (29-85) Glucose (mmol/L) 9.0 (8.8-9.3) 9.4 (8.9-10.0) 7.4[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} (5.7-8.9) HbA~1c~ (%) 7.4 (7.3-7.6) 7.5 (7.3-7.7) 7.8 (7.4-8.5) HbA~1c~ (mmol/mol) 59 (57-61) 59 (57-61) 62 (58-71) e-SCr (μmol/L) 69[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (66-72) 75[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (72-77) 100[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} (88-137) cJ-SCr (μmol/mol) 70[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (67-72) 77[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (72-81) 108[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} (87-140) e-SCr-eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m^2^) 91[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (88-93) 85[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (80-88) 60[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} (39-77) cJ-SCr-eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m^2^) 90[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (87-92) 83[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[d](#T2FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} (76-86) 55[a](#T2FN1){ref-type="table-fn"},[b](#T2FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} (39-73) Age is expressed as median (range) and other variables as median (95%CI of median). P \< 0.001 vs A1; P \< 0.001 vs A2; P \< 0.001 vs A3. HbA~1c~: Glycosylated hemoglobin; SCr: Serum creatinine; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; e: Enzymatic; cJ: Compensated Jaffé; M: Male; F: Female. The study was approved by the Merkur University Hospital Ethics Committee. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, with the post-hoc selection of anonymized samples from the routine laboratory visits, patient's informed consent was not obtained. RESULTS ======= A total of 648 Caucasian diabetic patients (337 males) was included in this study. No gender-related differences were observed in the clinical and biochemical parameters, except significantly lower creatinine levels in females (P \< 0.001, data not shown). There was a significant increase of SCr and a decrease of eGFR, as measured/estimated by both methods across the categories of albuminuria (Table [2](#T2){ref-type="table"}). Fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower in the A3 subgroup only, while HbA~1c~ levels showed no differences regarding albuminuria (Table [2](#T2){ref-type="table"}). eGFR and creatinine results did not differ significantly depending on creatinine methodology in either category of albuminuria (P = 0.228, 0.2306 and 0.7553 for A1, A2 and A3 category, respectively; Mann-Whitney test). Passing-Bablok regression analysis revealed a small, but significant constant difference between the enzymatic and compensated Jaffé SCr assays \[y = -2.8095 (95%CI: -3.8125 to -1.6066) + 1.0476 × (95%CI: 1.0328-1.0625)\] across a wide range of creatinine values (Figure [1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). This was accompanied by a minor, but significant creatinine assay-dependent difference in SCr-eGFR values \[Bland Altman: y = 1.5154 (95%CI: 1.1635-1.8674; lower limit: -7.4276; upper limit: 10.4585) P \< 0.001\] (Figure [2](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). The severity of both acute and chronic hyperglycaemia was identified as the significant predictor of between-method SCr-eGFR bias (Spearman\'s rho = -0.363 and -0.369 for fasting plasma glucose and HbA~1c~, respectively, P \< 0.001). ![Passing-Bablok regression analysis of the agreement between the enzymatic serum creatinine and compensated Jaffé serum creatinine serum creatinine results in diabetic subjects. e-SCr: Enzymatic serum creatinine; cJ-SCr-eGFR: Compensated Jaffé serum creatinine.](WJD-8-222-g001){#F1} ![Bland Altman analysis of the agreement between the estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated by using Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology equation with enzymatic serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate and compensated Jaffé serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate serum creatinine results in diabetic subjects. e-SCr-GFR: Enzymatic serum creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate; cJ-SCr-eGFR: Compensated Jaffé serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate.](WJD-8-222-g002){#F2} Inter-rater agreement analysis showed an excellent agreement (weighted kappa = 0.918; 95%CI: 0.894-0.94) between the method-specific SCr-eGFRs when classifying subjects into KDIGO-2012 CKD-stages. However, some cases were classified differently between CKD stages depending on the creatinine method used for eGFR calculation (Table [3](#T3){ref-type="table"}). Compared to e-SCr-eGFR-based CKD classification, 58/648 (9%) patients were re-classified into a different CKD stage when cJ-SCr-based eGFR was used. The majority of these (54/648; 8%) were re-classified into a more advanced stage of CKD (positive discordance), with 23 (3.5%) cases re-classified into the clinically significant eGFR category indicating mildly to moderately decreased kidney function (\< 60 mL/min per 1.72 m^2^). Among these, 7 cases (1%) had A1 stage of albuminuria, whereas the rest of clinically significant positive discordant cases had more advanced stages of albuminuria. On the other hand, 8/648 (1%) of patients were re-classified into a less-advanced CKD stage when compensated Jaffé-SCr-eGFR was used (negative discordance), with only 2 cases being re-classified between the 3A and 2 eGFR categories. A1 and A2 stage of albuminuria was detected in each one of these two cases. ###### Reclassification of the estimated glomerular filtration rate based chronic kidney disease stage according to enzymatic and compensated Jaffé creatinine values e-SCr-eGFR-based CKD stage ----------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- ------------ cJ-SCr-eGFR-based CKD stage 1 272[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 5[2](#T3FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 277 (42.7) 2 25[3](#T3FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} 206[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 2[2](#T3FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 233 (36) 3a 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 23[3](#T3FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} 54[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 77 (11.9) 3b 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 5[3](#T3FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} 28[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 1[2](#T3FN2){ref-type="table-fn"} 34 (5.2) 4 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 0[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 1[3](#T3FN3){ref-type="table-fn"} 26[1](#T3FN1){ref-type="table-fn"} 27 (4.2) Total 297 (45.8) 234 (36.1) 61 (9.4) 29 (4.5) 27 (4.2) 648 Concordant; Negatively discordant; Positively discordant cases. CKD: Chronic kidney disease; cJ-SCr-eGFR: Compensated Jaffé serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate. There was a significant difference in fasting plasma glucose values regarding concordance of CKD staging, with higher glucose values for positive- and lower glucose values for negative discordant subjects, in comparison to concordant sub-group (11.2 ± 4.3 vs 7.5 ± 1.8 vs 8.9± 2.1 mmol/L, P \< 0.001). HbA~1c~, indicating a chronic level of hyperglycaemia, showed an identical pattern (8.4 ± 2.3% ± /69 ± 25 mmol/mol vs 6.6 ± 0.7%/49 ± 7.3 mmol/mol vs 7.8 ± 1.7%/62 ± 19 mmol/mol; P \< 0.01). We analyzed the frequency of discordances according to the level of hyperglycaemia, by using the fasting plasma glucose cut-off of 17.0 mmol/L, which was reported to significantly influence SCr results obtained by the colorimetric Jaffé procedure\[[@B7]\]. Positively discordant results were more prevalent in the sub-group of patients with fasting plasma glucose above (n = 59), than below (n = 589), 17.0 mmol/L glucose cut-off (20% vs 8%, χ^2^ = 11.968, P = 0.0025). However, in general, patients with eGFR \< 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^ had lower fasting plasma glucose than those with eGFR \> 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^ (7.3 ± 1.9 mmol/L vs 9.2 ± 2.0 mmol/L, P \< 0.0001). DISCUSSION ========== In this study, we attempted to evaluate the influence of creatinine methodology on the performance of CKD-EPI-calculated eGFR for CKD staging in a large cohort of diabetic patients. Our results indicate an overall excellent agreement in CKD staging (kappa = 0.918) between the Jaffé serum creatinine- and enzymatic serum creatinine-based CKD-EPI-eGFR, with 9% of discordant cases. As compared to the enzymatic creatinine, the majority of discordances (8%) were positive, i.e., associated with the more advanced CKD stage re-classification, whereas only 1% of cases were negatively discordant if Jaffé creatinine was used for eGFR calculation. Plasma glucose was identified as a significant determinant of between-method bias. Kidney function is rather uniquely affected by diabetes. Elevated GFR, known as hyperfiltration, is a common finding in new-onset diabetes, probably as a consequence of hyperglycaemia and related metabolic and endocrine disturbances. Hyperfiltration, being considered as an early sign of DKD\[[@B14]\], is declining with the progression of diabetes and the intensive diabetes treatment was found to be effective in reducing the risk for the progression to DKD by delaying the GFR decline in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes\[[@B15],[@B16]\]. Thus, specific features of DKD in diabetes indicate the need for an accurate and reliable method for GFR estimation over the wide range of GFR. Our previous study showed that CKD-EPI-eGFR, with improved accuracy in the GFR range above 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^, represented a superior surrogate marker of GFR in diabetic patients, particularly those with normoalbuminuria and hyperfiltration implicating its use as a reliable screening tool for an early renal impairment in diabetes\[[@B17]\]. Either compensated Jaffé or enzymatic creatinine assay, traceable to the reference IDMS procedure, is needed for eGFR-CKD-EPI calculation\[[@B2]\]. Analytical interference of the glucose and other reducing substances in the alkaline picrate Jaffé creatinine assay has long been identified\[[@B7]\]. Several method improvements, including modified spectral kinetics and standardization to the IDMS reference procedure with a mathematical adjustment of results to compensate for interferences (compensated Jaffé assays), have remarkably improved the accuracy of the method. Nevertheless, the non-specificity remained a matter of concern in selected patient subpopulations, such as subjects with diabetes\[[@B8]\]. Enzymatic creatinine assays offer improved specificity and several authors argued that Jaffé method should be entirely abandoned, particularly in the diabetic population. It was reported that CKD-EPI-eGFR showed better concordance to the measured GFR, empowering further the enzymatic method as a method of choice for serum creatinine measurement in diabetic patients\[[@B15]\]. However, evidence supporting this proposition is based either on cross-sectional method-comparison studies including a limited number of patients, or simulation studies using analytical bias extracted from inter-laboratory comparisons, with no data regarding the clinical outcome-associated risk\[[@B18]-[@B21]\]. Our results demonstrate a minor, but significant glucose-dependent positive bias between the serum creatinine levels measured by compensated Jaffé and enzymatic procedure, with a mirroring effect regarding respective eGFRs, but the key question of this study was the clinical relevance of the observed difference. State-of-the-art strategies for laboratory test evaluation implicate not only analytical, but also clinical performance together with clinical- and cost-effectiveness as essential interactive components of the overall diagnostic test utility assessment\[[@B22]\]. In a recently published outcome-based study, Schmidt et al\[[@B13]\] reported on a very low risk for patient outcomes due to the miss-classification of CKD stages with Jaffé creatinine assay in the general population. Our study reveals that most of the discordant cases in diabetic subjects were positive, i.e., Jaffé method was likely to classify 8% of the patients into a more advanced CKD stage than the enzymatic method. Among these, 23/648 cases were classified into the clinically significant stage 3A, while only 7 positively discordant cases with normal UAE (1%) were re-classified between the low4 and moderately increased risk for the CKD progression, according to KDIGO guidelines (Table [1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). The frequency of positively discordant cases was 2.5 times greater in the sub-group of patients with plasma glucose above the 17.7 mmol/L, previously reported as a threshold for a significant analytical interference\[[@B7]\]. It is important to emphasize that both fasting plasma glucose and HbA~1c~ in positively discordant sub-group was far above the glycaemic recommendations for adults with diabetes, requiring immediate interventions to reduce the hyperglycaemia regardless of the kidney function\[[@B3]\], which is known to be afflicted by the renal hypoperfusion in acute hyperglycaemic episodes\[[@B23],[@B24]\]. Apart from assessing frequency, our main goal was to evaluate the clinical consequences of the discordant Jaffé creatinine-dependent CKD staging. In general, clinical guidelines recommend the optimization of glycaemic control and blood pressure as the treatment strategy to prevent and/or delay the development/progression of CKD in diabetic patients\[[@B3]\]. Patients with stage 3a CKD (eGFR range 45-60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^) should be referred to a nephrologist for further evaluation, their diet and medication adjusted and eGFR monitoring intensified to twice a year. The more advanced stages of CKD require further specialized care and intensified monitoring, and metformin should be discontinued in patients with stage 3b CKD (30-45 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^). However, KDIGO-2012 guidelines recommend repeated eGFR measurement within 3 mo for all subjects with eGFR \< 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^, in order to confirm the classification\[[@B2]\]. Considering the recommended diabetes guidelines, our positively discordant group at the 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^ eGFR level (3.5%) would not experience any harm from being classified into more advanced CKD stage according to the Jaffé creatinine-based eGFR. On the contrary, clinical intervention to improve glycaemic control was identified as being immediately needed for all these patients, and, if KDIGO-2012-recommended confirmatory eGFR was to be done after 3 mo, presumably reached glycaemic goals would allow more accurate CKD classification not only by the Jaffé method. Limited design of our study did not allow the insight into actual follow-up data, but the well-established ameliorating effect of improved glycaemic control on renal function is likely to elicit the consequent beneficial effect on eGFR via biological mechanism(s)\[[@B23]\], regardless of the creatinine method used. Furthermore, the majority of the positively discordant cases had A2 and A3 stages of albuminuria, confirming an increased or high risk of CKD progression in these patients\[[@B2]\]. Significant improvements in CKD screening strategies were enabled by creatinine standardization and automated eGFR reporting by clinical laboratories\[[@B11],[@B12]\]. However, recommended practice is still not implemented in many clinical settings, indicating a lack of appropriate clinical care with significant medical and financial consequences\[[@B25]\]. One of the reasons for the reluctance to implement the guidelines is the concern of increased costs of specific creatinine testing. Our results show that low-cost Jaffé creatinine assay can be safely used for the CKD screening in patients with diabetes, despite confirmed positive analytical bias in comparison to enzymatic assay, provided that compensated Jaffé assay, traceable to the reference IDMS procedure, and CKD-EPI-calculated eGFR are used. The frequency of positively discordant CKD classification is very low and associated with severe hyperglycaemia, where the appropriate interventions to attain glycaemic goals are warranted regardless of CKD. Concomitant presence of increased albuminuria in the majority of discordant cases further diminishes the clinical practice consequences, which may, in turn, be beneficial for the patients in terms of increasing frequency of eGFR monitoring and intensifying efforts to control hyperglycaemia and hypertension. Due to a very low frequency, positive discordance is not likely to present a great burden for the health-care providers. On the other hand, a very low proportion of negatively discordant cases (1%) at the 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^2^ eGFR level indicate a negligible possibility to miss the CKD diagnosis, which could be the most prominent clinical problem affecting patient outcomes. Namely, CKD, being a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and overall mortality, should be detected as early as possible, since appropriate interventions can substantially reduce risks and improve patient outcomes\[[@B2]\]. Limitations of our study include cross-sectional design and singular ethnicity. A large cohort of diabetic patients stratified according to albuminuria and degree of hyperglycaemia, as well as clinical outcome-based, rather than method-comparison-based approach can be regarded as the study advantages. In conclusion, results from our study indicate that compensated Jaffé creatinine procedure, in spite of the glucose-dependent bias, is not inferior to enzymatic creatinine in CKD diagnosis/staging and therefore may provide a reliable and cost-effective tool for the renal function assessment in diabetic patients. COMMENTS ======== Background ---------- Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes and the most common single cause of end-stage renal failure. Current clinical guidelines recommend regular screening for and staging of DKD by the laboratory assessement of both urinary albumin excretion rate and estimation of glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine (SCr-eGFR). Research frontiers ------------------ Analytical performance of the serum creatinine assays is the critical determinant of eGFR accuracy. The most widely used compensated Jaffé creatinine assay suffers from a non-specific bias from pseudo-creatinine chromogens (glucose, ketones), which is not the case with the costly enzymatic assays. Several studies advocated the replacement of the compensated Jaffé with enzymatic creatinine assays in order to improve reliability of the eGFR, especially in the diabetic population, which is expected to have an increased amount of interfering substances in serum. However, recently published risk-analysis study, using both analytical and biological variability criteria, revealed a low risk for misclassification of CKD based on Jaffé-SCr-eGFR results in the general population, while the clinical impact in the diabetic population remains unclear. Innovations and breakthroughs ----------------------------- This study evaluated the influence of creatinine methodology on the performance of CKD-EPI-calculated eGFR for CKD diagnosis/staging in diabetic patients. The results indicate that compensated Jaffé creatinine procedure, in spite of the glucose-dependent bias, is not inferior to enzymatic creatinine in CKD diagnosis/staging and therefore may provide a reliable and cost-effective tool for the renal function assessment in diabetic patients. Applications ------------ Significant improvements in CKD screening strategies were enabled in the last decade by creatinine standardization and automated eGFR reporting by clinical laboratories. However, recommended practice is still not implemented in many clinical settings, indicating a lack of appropriate clinical care with significant medical and financial consequences. One of the reasons for the reluctance to implement the guidelines is the concern of increased costs of specific creatinine testing. This results show that low-cost Jaffé creatinine assay can be safely used for the CKD screening in patients with diabetes, despite confirmed positive analytical bias in comparison to enzymatic assay, provided that compensated Jaffé assays, traceable to the reference IDMS procedure, and CKD-EPI-calculated eGFR are used. This finding is particularly valuable for the primary health-care facilities, since available and cost-effective screening for DKD may substantially improve patient outcomes and reduce overall costs associated with more advanced complications of diabetes. Peer-review ----------- The paper is far from being a useful tool for the clinical management of CKD patients, it shows an interesting new approach to be validated in a prospective way and bigger sample size in order to clarify the potential use in specific clinical situations of CKD patients. Manuscript source: Invited manuscript Specialty type: Endocrinology and metabolism Country of origin: Croatia Peer-review report classification Grade A (Excellent): 0 Grade B (Very good): B, B Grade C (Good): 0 Grade D (Fair): 0 Grade E (Poor): 0 Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. Informed consent statement: This study was waived by IRB due to the retrospective nature of the study, with the post-hoc selection of anonymized samples from the routine laboratory visits, according to creatinine and glucose results. Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article are reported. Data sharing statement: No additional data are available. Peer-review started: November 2, 2016 First decision: December 1, 2016 Article in press: March 2, 2017 P- Reviewer: D'Orazio P, Zhao JB S- Editor: Qi Y L- Editor: A E- Editor: Li D [^1]: Author contributions: Lovrenčić MV designed the study and wrote the article; Biljak VR and Lovrenčić MV analyzed the data, Biljak VR and Božičević B performed the laboratory part of the study; Blaslov K and Duvnjak LS performed the clinical part of the study; all authors discussed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript. Correspondence to: Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić, PhD, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zajčeva 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. <vucic@idb.hr> Telephone: +385-1-2353861 Fax: +385-1-2353847	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }
Overview of the pharmacokinetics of fleroxacin. The pharmacokinetic properties of fleroxacin in relation to other quinolones are presented. Fleroxacin, like all quinolones, is well absorbed, reaching peak concentrations within 2 hours. Interactions with Ca2+ and Al3+ are minimal and possibly of little clinical importance. The drug is eliminated via filtration in the kidney. It is therefore sensitive to changes in renal function. Accumulation of drug in the body is minimal, and change from intravenous to oral dosing results in nearly identical serum concentrations. Aside from the modest effect of metals on its absorption, fleroxacin does not interact/compete with substances oxidized in the liver, such as theophylline, and drug interactions are minimal. Its long serum half-life (8-12 hours) allows once-a-day dosing. This feature, along with its modest drug interactions, makes fleroxacin an attractive quinolone, at least with respect to its pharmacokinetics.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Synthesis and characterization of nano-HA/PA66 composites. Based on the bioactivity and biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite (HA) and the excellent mechanical performance of polyamide 66 (PA66), a composite of nanograde HA with PA66 was designed and fabricated to mimic the structure of biological bone which exhibits a composite of nanograde apatite crystals and natural polymer. The HA/PA66 composite combines the bioactivity of HA and the mechanical property of PA66. This study focused on the preparation method of HA/PA66 composite and the influence of HA crystals on the characterization of the composite. HA slurry was used directly to prepare HA/PA66 composite by a solution method, in which HA is able to form hydrogen bond, i.e. chemical bonding with PA66. The nano-HA needle-like crystals treated by hydrothermal method are better in the particle size distribution and the particle dispersion. The morphology, crystal structure and crystallinity as well as crystal size of these needle-like crystals are similar to bone apatite. The nano-HA needle-like crystals dispersed uniformly in PA66 matrix with reinforcement effect and can prevent the micro-crackle spreading into cleft and fracture during the deformation process. The mechanical testing shows that the nano-HA/PA66 composite has a good mechanical property, and may be a promising bone replacement material.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Hey everyone! It has been a while since I put something out, but I thought that as it’s almost time for 2015, I should dish out my awards for 2014! Thank you for all the great responses to the 2013 awards, hopefully you’ll enjoy this year’s selection too! So, without further ado, here are this year’s winners… *Disclaimer: music is subjective, these are just my opinions. When looking at who I’ve given the awards to, please remember that success in the music industry is hard to define as it comes in lots of different shapes and sizes e.g. going from unknown to 10,000 fans, or becoming a regular on UKF etc.* Let’s kick things off with the more serious awards: Best Producer- Haywyre. Now, I was tempted to give this to Koven, but I felt that Haywyre’s contribution to 2014 needed to be recognised. He has really delivered, and I’m sure anyone who has heard the Two Fold EP or seen his cover of Smooth Criminal will agree. Not only has he proven he can produce to the highest quality expected, but he has shown his talent across the electronic spectrum with tracks like ‘Everchanging’ and ‘The Schism’. I can’t wait to see what he does in 2015! Best Track- Koven – Final Call. There were a lot of worthy contenders for this, and it seemed like I’d have to give this to ZHU for his track Faded, however I know that I’d personally rather see this track receive some more recognition instead. It really is something special and it certainly delivers something that not a lot of songs can- major goosebumps. Best Newcomer- Rootkit. Whilst he may not strictly be a “newcomer”, it feels like he is, seeing as he has come out of nowhere to “RKO” the music scene by delivering quality track after quality track this year. Showing his versatility with hits like ‘Too Late’ and ‘Real Love’, Rootkit certainly deserves recognition for an outstanding year of releases. Best EP/LP- This was a tough call for sure, but Culprate’s ‘Deliverance’ is truly a masterpiece and deserves the recognition. It would be remiss of me not to also acknowledge some of the other amazing contributions we’ve had this year such as: Porter Robinson – Worlds (obviously), Moody Good – Moody Good, Eptic – The End, Koven – Hereinafter Pt I & II, Knife Party – Abandon Ship (and fuck everyone who hated on it because it seemed like the cool thing to do), Dillon Francis – Money Sucks: Friends Rule, Haywyre – Two Fold Pt. 1 and of course, Skrillex – Recess. (Yes there are others I could mention but I want to keep this relatively short and sweet!) Worst Track- Tiga – Bugatti. I mean, are you kidding me? If you take off your hipster beanie for 2 minutes and actually listen to the song… there is simply nothing positive to say about this track. The fact it got the mainstream exposure it did is, in my opinion, damaging to the electronic music community- it’s like sending Justin Bieber to an interplanetary conference to represent humanity. Best Remix- ZHU – Faded (ODESZA Remix). Another very tough call, but this track made such a huge impression on me the first time I heard it, and still sounds amazing even after listening to it countless times. This track shone brightest out of the horde of Faded Remixes and rightly so. Best Label- Inspected/OWSLA. I genuinely couldn’t decide between these 2. Inspected has released quality track after quality track in 2014 (particular shoutout to their Movember release: ‘Mosaic’), however OWSLA have been responsible for releasing some of the best tracks of 2014. Therefore they earned the right to share the honours here. Honourable mention to Monstercat for really stepping up the releases this year too. Best DJ- Porter Robinson. He performed his heart out on his Worlds tour and I’m sure anyone who attended his shows will agree that he earned this. Worst BJ- Paris Hilton. Typo deliberate. Best YouTube Promo Channel- MrSuicideSheep. He has had a very strong 2014 and has often gone slightly out of his comfort zone to deliver top quality tracks that you wouldn’t usually expect to hear on there such as Zeds Dead – Collapse. That, combined with the fact he seems to have taken on-board my criticism from a previous post makes him a winner in 2014. Best Vocalist- Mammals. They absolutely slayed me with their performance on LVTHER’s track ‘One Look’ and have a truly unique sound that is a breath of fresh air on the “EDM” world. Honourable mention to Danyka Nadeau who has also had a killer 2014. Best Blog- Whichever one managed to post about Deadmau5 the least. Most Underrated Track- Apashe – No Twerk Ft. Panther x Odalisk. This track is absolute FIRE, yet it largely went unnoticed on release. Some viral videos have since helped raise its popularity, however I still feel this absolute monster of a track passed a lot of people by. Go listen now if you haven’t yet! Most Underrated Artist- DISKORD. These guys have released a string of MAD tracks in 2014 and I definitely expected them to get more of a following as a result. Tracks like ‘Go Hard’ and ‘Freak’ prove they are capable of delivering blistering tracks and I expect them to continue doing so next year. Smashed It 2014 Award- Mefjus. He has raised both the bar and eyebrows alike by releasing consistently ridiculous tracks. If there’s one man I want to see live as soon as possible, it’s Mefjus. Most Likely To Smash 2015- Aiden Jude. … Just kidding, but seriously, did he die? I haven’t seen any attention-seeking blogs mention him at all lately. Back to the awards though, the Most Likely To Smash 2015 Award ACTUALLY goes to….. Tchami. Those of you with your “ear on the pulse” will have heard his ‘Take U There’ remix that he released recently and you will know what a monster this guy is. It caps off a year in which he has been truly dominant- from destroying festival stages to co-producing and co-writing one of the biggest tracks of the year- ‘Turn Down For What’. This guy is destined to do big things in 2015. And now for some more dubious honours… Most Likely To Not Make It To The End of Year Awards 2015- Anyone who uploads a video of an early WIP of their track and tags everyone on their friends list in it. STAHP. Sexiest Male- Direct. He has defended his title for another year with those tantalising curly locks of hair that whisper sweet nothings to me. Sexiest Female- Danyka Nadeau. I would let her husband the shit out of me. Best Hair- Andy C. He must be hiding something under that cap. I’m pretty sure it’s his majestic hair. Culture Code Consistency Award For Releasing Songs That All Sound The Same- I guess this has to go to Kygo, although to be fair, he has released some great tracks in my opinion. The “Jared Has AIDS” Award For Impressive Weight Loss- Sadhu. Well done mate. The Most Social Media Rants Award (Sponsored by Deadmau5)- Clark Robinson (Twine). For someone who has had such a successful year, you sure have found a lot to complain about along the way. Sending tampons for 2015 brah. Yes, it’s hypocritical of me to award this, but fuck it- I’ve actually barely posted all year! Honourable mention to Curtis “Angriest Man In The World” Dashper. Best troll- The guy who dressed up as Steve Aoki for Stereosonic Festival and convinced people he was Aoki, despite not actually looking anything like Steve Aoki. The “Making Professor Quirrell Faint In The Hogwarts Great Hall Since Before You Were Born” Award For Lifetime Achievement in Trolling- Wunderground. There have been some exceptionally hilarious satirical articles from Wunderground this year and they thoroughly deserve this award. The “These Are Not The Droids You’re Looking For Award” For Shamelessly Using Bots Without Realising How Obvious It Is To Everyone Else- Sergal Soundwaves (for “botting” in the best EDM label poll on EDM Sauce- don’t get me started on that poll though…) The “Sheer Brilliance & Unique Production” Award- all the sheeproducers who made “This Much Power”/Terror Squad rip-offs this year. The “Wait, They Make Music?!” Award- Stanton Warriors, whose Facebook page would have you believe they are in fact a meme agency. Most Baguettes Consumed/Abused- Jack Haigh. Most Homoerotic Band Name- Jack Ü The Derek Zoolander Award For Kids Who Can’t Read Good- Anyone who has ever said ‘EDM Music’. The “Electronic Drama Machine” Award For, well it’s pretty self-explanatory- Krewella (and can everyone please chill the fuck out about this and just leave them to sort it out now please?) The “Treat Them Mean Keep Them Keen” Award For Releasing Virtually Nothing All Year- Tristam & Nero. Granted, ‘Satisfy’ was an absolute BANGER, and ‘My Friend’ is awesome, but I definitely wanted to hear more from these 2 this year. That concludes the awards for 2014. Congratulations to everyone who won an award! If you want to have your say on who should have won, let me know in the comments or on my page. I hope you’ve all bought a greenhouse ready for the inevitable “Tropical House” takeover in 2015. Seriously though, I can’t wait to hear what 2015 brings, and big thanks to all the artists who made 2014 another landmark year for electronic music. Stay awesome. The Phantom	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Yoga Dogs (French) 2014 Wall Calendar List Price $14.99Our Price $4.49ID: 201400003683 Yoga Dogs (French) Wall Calendar: This Yoga Dogs wall calendar gives new meaning to "Downward Facing Dog". The Yoga Dogs calendar hosts a year full of images showing popular dog breeds positioned in classic yoga postures with the help of digital technology. These reworked portraits will bend your mind and delight you. Play, Bark...Breathe. Nama-Sit. Nama-Stay. This bilingual calendar features month names, days, and captions in French and English, and includes Quebec holidays. EAN: 9781465019851	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Tengaged's Drag Race It is time for Tengaged's first ever next drag superstar! (Brought to you by Scoderk 2.0) Do you have the Charisma Uniqueness Nerve and Talent it takes to come out on top? The winner of Tengaged's Drag Race will receive a LIFETIME supply of avatar eyebrows, provided by Gemma17 A customized TrishyTrash breast plate An ALL expenses paid gift from Tengaged shops and a cash prize of 100,000 Zwooper coins And the title of Tengaged's Next Drag Superstar May the best woman WIN! meet your judging panel Brandonator, the hostest with the mostest and his best (well good) friend Benry ..............................Cody also Tengaged.com is an online social site and it's not affiliated with Suzanne Collins, Scholastic, Lionsgate Entertainment, Endemol, Big Brother TV show or any other party related to the social games that can be found in this site. All icons, trademarks and logos are property of their respective owners.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Ferdinando Cazzamalli Ferdinando Cazzamalli (August 4, 1887 in Crema, Italy – 1958) was an Italian psychiatrist from Crema, Lombardy who was interested in paranormal phenomena. Biography Cazzamalli was the director of a psychiatric hospital in Como, but later became a lecturer in psychiatry at the university of Modena, which employed Cazzamalli for 20 years together with electrical engineer Eugenio Gnesutta to work with psychologically disturbed patients, where they also investigating physical accounts of telepathy. They created equipment to measure ultra-high-frequency waves to explain the phenomena of telepathy as electromagnetic effects on the brain. Cazzamalli conducted experiments with a radio receiver enclosed in a Faraday cage, and came to the conclusion that there were paranormal phenomena. In 1937 Cazzamalli founded, together with Giovanni Schepis, Emilio Servadio, and Luigi Sanguineti, the Italian Society of Metaphysics (SIM), the first group in Italy to study paranormal activity full-time. The Italian fascist state recognized this group in 1941. The group was later renamed in 1955 to the Italian Society of Parapsychology. In 1946 the society released its first magazine, called "Metaphysics". Due to political and methodological differences, Cazzamalli left the society in order to create his own group, the Italian Associated Scientists of Metaphysics. External links Homepage of the Italian Associated Scientists of Methaphysics (in Italian) Works Problemi di vita manicomiale, Imola: Galeati, 1916 Guerra, follia e degenerazione, Milano: Avanti, 1921 La tabe dorsale alla luce delle moderne conoscenze, Bergamo: Savoldi, 1926 Dalla metapsichica al pane quotidiano: Articoli, Como: C. Nani, 1934 Di un fenomeno radiante cerebropsichico (riflesso cerebropsicoradiante) come mezzo di esplorazione psicobiofisica, in: Giornale di Psichiatria e di Neuropatologia (1935) Metapsichica, neurobiologia e metodo sperimentale: Dalla metapsichica alla psicobiofisica, in: Giornale di Psichiatria e di neuropatologia, fasc. 3-4 (1939) I fenomeni elettromagnetici radianti dal soggetto umano in intensa attivita (orgasmo funzionale) psicosensoriale del cervello, il metodo sperimentale e il prof. Agostino Gemelli, in: Giornale di Psichiatria e neuropatologia, fasc. 1-2 (1942) L'avventura di Giuseppe Massarenti: per la liberta e la dignita del cittadino, Bologna: S.T.E.B., 1946 La Madonna di Bonate: apparizioni o visioni? Milano: Bocca, 1951 Il cervello radiante: fenomeni elettromagnetici radianti dal cervello umano durante l'intensa attivita psicosensoriale degli stati onirici, allucinatori e telepsichici, Milano: Ceschina, 1960 The Radiating Brain, 1960 Le Cerveau Émetteur, , Belgium: Collection Résurgence, 1998 Category:1887 births Category:1958 deaths Category:People from Crema, Lombardy Category:Italian psychiatrists Category:Metaphysicians Category:Parapsychologists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Cloud computing is known for high-availability and low latency, so cloud computing providers are made available solution for mission-critical applications which is not possible to handle all thing from one data-center to all over world that's why cloud computing providers set up the in different regions, and datacenter is the setup of computing machines and networking. More than one datacenter equipped with independent power, cooling, and networking, which is called the Availability Zone. Availability Zones are the combination of the data-center where data -centers are equipped with independent power, cooling, and networking, which protects your applications from datacenter failure. Why needed Availability Zones in Microsoft Azure. 1- If you select any region to set up your environment to ensure resiliency, Azure provides three separates zones in all enables regions. 2- The physical separation of Availability Zones within a region protects applications and data from datacenter failure. 3- Zone-redundant services replicate your applications and data across Availability Zones to protect from single-points-of-failure. 4- With Availability Zones, Azure offers industry best 99.99% VM uptime SLA. An Availability Zone in an Azure region is a combination of a fault domain and an update domain. For example, if you create three or more VMs across three zones in an Azure region, your VMs are effectively distributed across three fault domains and three update domains. The Azure platform recognizes this distribution across update domains to make sure that VMs in different zones are not updated at the same time. Regions that support Availability Zones 1. Central US 2. East US 2 (Preview) 3. France Central 4. North Europe 5. Southeast Asia 6. West Europe 7. West US 2 Services that support Availability Zones The Azure services that support Availability Zones are: 1. Linux Virtual Machines 2. Windows Virtual Machines 3. Virtual Machine Scale Sets 4. Managed Disks 5. Load Balancer 6. Public IP address 7. Zone-redundant storage 8. SQL Database 9. Event Hubs 10. Service Bus 11. VPN Gateway 12. ExpressRoute	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: How to start osgi console (Equinox) I'm trying to start an OSGi console in Windows 7. I used this statement on a terminal window: java -jar org.eclipse.osgi.jar -console But it doesn't work that is nothing does happen nor doesn't appear prompt osgi>. And typing on keyboard is ineffective except for ^C that makes to reappear usual terminal prompt. Anyone has any suggestion? A: Starting from Equinox 3.8.0.M4, it has a new console. So you need also these four bundles for it to run properly. org.eclipse.equinox.console.jar org.apache.felix.gogo.shell.jar org.apache.felix.gogo.command.jar org.apache.felix.gogo.runtime.jar These jar files can be found in your Eclipse installation folder under 'plugins' folder. Copy these jars and put them in the same folder with your org.eclipse.osgi.jar and it would look like: somedir/ configuration/ config.ini org.eclipse.osgi.jar org.eclipse.equinox.console.jar org.apache.felix.gogo.shell.jar org.apache.felix.gogo.command.jar org.apache.felix.gogo.runtime.jar Then edit config.ini as: osgi.bundles=org.apache.felix.gogo.runtime@start, org.apache.felix.gogo.command@start, org.apache.felix.gogo.shell@start, org.eclipse.equinox.console@start After doing this, run java -jar org.eclipse.osgi.jar -console in your command line and the OSGi console will start. Reference Bug 371101 A: The equinox built-in console is deprecated and disabled since version 3.8. If you use a newer version, you should use the osgi.console.enable.builtin=true property. See http://hwellmann.blogspot.hu/2012/08/new-osgi-console-in-equinox-380.html. You can set these properties as system properties. Your command will be: java -Dosgi.noshutdown=true -Dosgi.console.enable.builtin=true -jar org.eclipse.osgi.jar -console This worked for me with 3.8. I have just tried it with 3.10 but it does not work. I guess the builtin console is removed completely. You should use the gogo console that has become a de-facto standard. You can find information about it at the link above.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.