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Stainless Steel - thyssenkrupp Materials NA
we currently supply stainless steel to customers in a vast . These alloys are slightly magnetic in the cold-worked condition, but are essentially non-magnetic in 317. Increased Molybdenum for Corrosion Resistance. 316L. Decreased Carbon . Bar. A high carbon type. Can be heat treated for high strength and hardness.
Stainless Steel - thyssenkrupp Materials NA
we currently supply stainless steel to customers in a vast . These alloys are slightly magnetic in the cold-worked condition, but are essentially non-magnetic in 317. Increased Molybdenum for Corrosion Resistance. 316L. Decreased Carbon . Bar. A high carbon type. Can be heat treated for high strength and hardness.
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{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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|
Kelly Dixon has a big problem. Her boyfriend thinks her small chest is a complete turnoff and neglects her because of it. His best friend Damon has an interesting solution to her problem, one that he secretly pursues without Kelly's knowledge. Her sex drive and breast size suddenly jump off the charts. Damon offers to help satisfy her now insatiable lust by introducing her to a world she never knew existed. Will she stick with her dull boyfriend or take Damon up on his steamy proposition?
This 8,000+ word story contains lactation, milking and lots of exclusive cream.
The Author / Publisher advised that this title was available for $0.99 (or local equivalent), discounted from $2.99 on 5/22/2019 at the following retailers:
They’re the hottest, most popular, fittest girls around—sexy youthful cheerleaders. Every town has them, every babe wants to be them, and every man wants to fill their gorgeous, fertile bodies with hot white seed. In these TWENTY beautifully hot stories, sexy young cheerleading babes get just what they deserve—a mouth full of hard, strong member and a belly all knocked up full of heirs. They drop down to their knees and eagerly service lucky nerds with magic devices or alpha hunks who dominate them with unstoppably hard bodies. But in each story, the only thing that bends more than their super-flexible rocking hot cheerleader bods is their will, as they BEG to obey every last wish of the men in their lives.
The Author / Publisher advised that this title was available for $0.99 (or local equivalent), discounted from $9.99 on 5/19/2019 at the following retailers:
Pet store employee Brooke's breasts are heavy and swollen and the milk just won't stop flowing. The weight is causing her back to hurt and she quickly needs to find some relief. Unable to afford a real doctor she seeks the help of one of the stores regular customers, Dr. Braverman, a veterinarian.
The consultation with the good doctor starts off well but quickly takes an unexpected turn. His solution to Brooke's problem is both strange and seductive. Dr. Braverman is not your typical veterinarian and Brooke quickly learns that the milk that freely flows from her breasts is coveted by some as the Perfect Cream.
The Author / Publisher advised that this title was available for $0.99 (or local equivalent), discounted from $2.99 on 5/12/2019 at the following retailers:
Giggling hot brainless babbling bimbo babes love nothing more than dropping to their knees, opening their mouths wide, and suckling all night long on their man’s hard member. They’re gorgeous, they’re fertile, and they’re always ready to please. Perfect bimbos never use protection, and are always eager to rut and conceive with their man. These stories have babes who are already hot, babes who are transformed into perfect brainless servile creatures, alpha male studs, and regular guys and nerds turned into marble-bodied gods of lust. This bundle features 20 HOT tales of bodaciously busty beauties fulfilling their only purpose in life—making men hard and happy—often with several girls pleasing a man together!
The Author / Publisher advised that this title was available for $0.99 (or local equivalent), discounted from $9.99 on 5/11/2019 at the following retailers:
In real life, there’s no such thing as a happy harem full of just-old-enough beauties aching to serve one lucky man. That’s why this bundle of hot fantasies exists. There’s something salaciously sexy about the forbidden fruit of off-limits flesh. Those gorgeous fresh first-time babes who know their bodies are sparkling hot, who know how to dress to show it all off, and who don’t know that their proper place is on their knees with a bun in the oven and a pretty mouth drooling for the intimate worship of a virile member. In these TWENTY sensationally sexy tales, lucky studs with special powers or artifacts are able to exercise their proper masculine place—in charge of gorgeous young women who ache to obey their every last erotic wish. They don’t use protection, they don’t ask for permission, and they know that the young never-before-touched beauties they’re taking over will be beautiful for a LONG time to come.
The Author / Publisher advised that this title was available for $0.99 (or local equivalent), discounted from $9.99 on 4/30/2019 at the following retailers:
There’s no hotter fantasy than a harem of gorgeous, fertile beauties exclusively serving one hard-bodied, huge-membered Alpha Male. In this massive bundle, packed full of TWENTY erotic stories, that fantasy comes to life with lurid details, hot vixens, and badass studs. No matter her origin—nerdy, snobby, reserved, or wanton—every beautiful babe in these stories falls to her knees to be an eager member of a breeding harem with beautiful, bountiful, busty overflowing cups. Some love it right away, and some have to be convinced thoroughly (with hot artifacts and sexy magic), but in the end they ALL serve their Man just like He deserves.
The Author / Publisher advised that this title was available for $0.99 (or local equivalent), discounted from $9.99 on 4/23/2019 at the following retailers:
Creamy First Timers Taboo Mega Collection is a bundle like no other! With over fifteen stories about young, willing and creamy women getting taken for the very first time by the men of the house, it's the gift that keeps you coming!
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|
Ex-GA President Al-Nasser Receives UNA-NY “Humanitarian of the Year” Award
UNITED NATIONS, Oct 25 2012 (IPS) - The United Nations Association-New York (UNA-NY) honoured former General Assembly President Nassir Abdul Aziz Al-Nasser as the 2012 “Humanitarian of the Year”.
Speaking at a formal dinner during the award ceremony Thursday, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said that “Ambassador Al-Nasser has dedicated much of his life in public service helping to advance cross-cultural dialogue, diversity, peace, and development.”
As President of the UN General Assembly during a very tumultuous period, he helped mobilize support for the transitions underway in the Arab world. “We travelled together to Libya and then again to Somalia to evaluate conditions on the ground, ” Ban said.
He kept disarmament, peacekeeping, and non-proliferation high on the UN agenda. He built consensus around mediation to peacefully resolve disputes. He garnered political support around sustainable development and the goals of Rio+20.
“Because of his strong commitment to inter-cultural dialogue, peace and development, I was pleased to appoint Mr. Al-Nasser as my next High Representative for the UN Alliance of Civilizations”, the Secretary-General said.
The Alliance was founded to advance the most noble of the common ideals – greater understanding among peoples and nations … a deeper embrace of global diversity.
The Alliance is dedicated to showing practical ways to work together to address common challenges — across boundaries of race, gender, religion, ethnicity, and culture, Ban added.
It links civil society, young people, media, the private sector, and governments for cross-cultural dialogue and action.
“To my mind, the Alliance represents one of the best hopes of preventing the sparks of interreligious or interethnic tensions and extremism from growing into flames of conflict.
“ I will rely heavily on Ambassador Al-Nasser to help make the Alliance of Civilizations all that it can and must be. Once again, I thank you for all your support. And I am proud to join with you in honouring Mr. Al-Nasser as we look to the work ahead,” he added..
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{
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|
Integration & Standards
Access PLM Data From Anywhere
Seamless Integration and Standardization
PTC provides an open and flexible architecture that includes native integrations to technology from our leading partners and a strong ecosystem that includes technology, software, and hardware vendors. PTC also embraces and is a leader in defining industry standards.
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{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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Will gene therapy trump factor treatment in hemophilia?
Hemophilia treatment is entering a new phase, with the exciting possibility of gene therapy promising a cure. Novel gene transfer strategies are being considered for patients with inhibitors.Improvement of factor-replacement therapy is being aggressively pursued with long-acting factor concentrates, many of which are in clinical trials. Whether gene therapy will be safe and cost effective to eventually supersede factor-replacement therapy is yet to be determined. It is hoped that with the profusion of clinical trial programs in hemophilia care, it will eventually provide affordable treatment to many patients who currently cannot access adequate treatment in the developing countries.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Receive the latest breaking updates in your inbox
The family of 73-year-old Jerry Wayne Waller, the homeowner shot and killed by at least one Fort Worth police officer early Tuesday morning, issued a statement Wednesday afternoon. (Published Wednesday, May 29, 2013)
In the statement, the family said the Fort Worth Police Department has been misrepresenting details of the incident to the media and they are calling for an independent investigation of what led to the fatal shooting.
FWPD Shooting Death Investigation Continues
Fort Worth police are continuing their investigation into an officer-involved shooting death of 72-year-old Jerry Waller. (Published Wednesday, May 29, 2013)
Armed with a .38-caliber pistol, Waller was apparently shot several times in his rear-facing garage after some sort of miscommunication with police officers.
Wife of 72-Year-Old Man Killed by Police Wants Answers
Kathy Waller, the wife of a 72-year-old man shot and killed by Fort Worth police, spoke to NBC 5 about the moments before her husband was shot. (Published Tuesday, May 28, 2013)
Officials with the Fort Worth Police Department said officers were in the neighborhood responding to an alarm call; but that call was to a home across the street from the Waller residence.
Kathy said officers told her they thought the alarm call came from her residence.
The entire statement can be read below:
The immediate family of Jerry Wayne Waller of Fort Worth is shocked and deeply saddened by his untimely death in the privacy of his own home. Jerry was a dedicated family man and small business owner. As we mourn his loss, and celebrate his life, we ask that the media respect our privacy.
Although we wish to devote this time with family and friends, we felt it was important to respond to the media coverage of this event. We were deeply troubled by the police department misrepresenting details of the incident in their interviews with the media. We would ask that the police refrain from providing details to the media until a thorough investigation has been completed, preferably by an independent body.
On the night of his death, Jerry heard noise behind the house, and went to investigate. He picked up his gun as protection. While no one in the family was present at the instant of his death, his body was witnessed immediately after, inside his own garage. We were disturbed by suggestions that police may have felt threatened by a man in his own garage faced with unknown trespassers wielding flashlights.
We look forward to a full investigation of this terrible incident that will lead to meaningful steps to ensure that nothing like this will happen again. Beyond the tragedy of his death, we hope that everyone will remember the spirit of Jerry’s life.
On Tuesday evening, Kathy spoke with NBC 5 and said she was "disgusted" by the shooting and said that the officers were "trigger happy."
"He would give you the shirt off his back, and he was loving, and he was a wonderful husband," Kathy Waller said Tuesday. "I think the police made a terrible mistake."
Another neighbor, former city council member Becky Haskin, said the alarm was triggered accidentally and that there never was a burglar in the area. Haskin said the fatal shooting was a "tragic accident."
Sgt. Kelly Peel, with the Fort Worth Police Department, said in a statement Wednesday afternoon, that the department is conducting a thorough and transparent investigation into the shooting and that once complete, it will be handed over to Chief Jeffrey Halstead for review.
Peel also revealed the names of the officers involved in the shooting, R.A. Hoeppner and B.B. Hanlon, who have been on the force since Oct., 2012.
Peel revealed no further details into the shooting or the investigation and said ti would be "inappropriate to comment any further ... until the investigation is complete."
Waller is survived by his wife, Kathy, to whom he was married for 46 years. Together they had three children and four grandchildren.
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Sony Vegas Movie Studio HD Platinum 11 Production Suite 11.0.247
Vegas Movie Studio Platinum Edition software has everything needed to produce spectacular HD movies. You can edit video in nearly any format including HDV and AVCHD. Included are innovative stereoscopic 3D tools, powerful features for video compositing, color correction, and soundtrack creation for feature-film results in your home studio. Use the surround sound mixing tools to create 5.1 soundtracks. Choose from hundreds of professional 2D and 3D video effects, titles, and filters. Upload movies to YouTube™, burn to Blu-ray Disc™, or author DVDs using beautifully designed themes or create custom menus and graphics. Exclusive Sony Show Me How interactive tutorials help you get started fast.
Simple DVD and Blu-ray Disc™ creation DVD Architect™ Studio software is included so you can easily create and burn professional-looking DVD and Blu-ray Disc projects with custom menus, buttons, backgrounds, and navigation. 56 easy-to-use themes are included to get you started.
Standard or high definition Edit video in nearly any format including HDV and AVCHD™. Work simultaneously with standard definition and high definition in the same project.
Stereoscopic 3D editing Create stereoscopic 3D projects as easy as 2D projects, with no additional tools needed. In addition to consumer level delivery formats, Vegas Movie Studio HD Platinum 11 can preview and deliver an anaglyphic project providing customers, without an expensive 3D monitor, the ability to create a 3D project with only a pair of inexpensive red/cyan glasses.
Titles & Text plug-in Spice up your text events with animations and interesting effects. The Titles & Text plug-in incorporates some of the options of the Pro Type Titler (Vegas Pro), but has an intuitive and easy-to-use interface.
Transport Controls for Trimmer and Video Preview Transport Controls provide more intuitive and immediate command over editing, as well as improve the overall workflow, productivity, and editing experience.
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"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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The Jerusalem Post reports: Four attorneys filed a class action suit against Airbnb in Jerusalem District Court on Thursday to protest the US-based company’s decision to drop listings in West Bank settlements from its vacation rental website that hosts ads from 191 countries.
“The law in Israel forbids discrimination based on the place where you live, and what Airbnb has done is by all means discrimination based on the place where you live,” said attorney Aviel Flint, a partner in the law firm Yossi Levy & Co.
This is a case of Israeli law and not antisemitism or politics, Flint told The Jerusalem Post. The case is based on a 2000 law against discrimination in products and services, which was amended in 2017 to include place of residence.
Read more here.
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{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
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Q:
php / mysql / javascript mindate and maxdate
In .net, there are the static properties DateTime.MinDate, and DateTime.MaxDate that conveniently return the minimum and maximum valid dates for a DateTime object.
I'm dabbling in web programming right now, using php + mysql + javascript. There doesn't seem to be the same convenient min/max date values in that programming environment? For example, the max value of a date object in mysql is 9999-12-31, but the php function strtotime() doesn't like that value.
I would like a cross-language minimum date (to be used to mean 'not set yet' for example), and a cross-language maximum date (to be used to mean 'good forever'). That means there could be those min dates and max dates stored in a database, which php would retrieve (and it would have to differentiate between 'normal' dates and min/max date), and eventually they would trickle down to some javascript (which, again would have to differentiate between 'normal' dates and min/max date).
So, which date value do you use for min/max dates when working in php + mysql + javascript? And how do you store these constants -- it'd be nice to define them only in one place and have them be available in each of php + mysql + javascript...
Thanks
A:
For the JavaScript side, the range is a lot bigger:
The date is measured in milliseconds since midnight 01 January, 1970 UTC. A day holds 86,400,000 milliseconds. The Date object range is -100,000,000 days to 100,000,000 days relative to 01 January, 1970 UTC.
So you could do this in your JavaScript:
var min_date = new Date(-100000000*86400000);
var max_date = new Date( 100000000*86400000);
A:
I'll just answer the PHP portion of the question. According to the PHP date() documentation:
The valid range of a timestamp is typically from Fri, 13 Dec 1901 20:45:54 GMT to Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT. (These are the dates that correspond to the minimum and maximum values for a 32-bit signed integer)
PHP uses 32 bit integer values to represent date/time — that means you can use the PHP_INT_MAX constant to derive the integer values associated with the min/max dates:
echo date('m/d/Y G:i:s', PHP_INT_MAX + 1); // minimum valid date
echo date('m/d/Y G:i:s', PHP_INT_MAX); // maximum valid date
OUTPUT:
12/13/1901 15:45:52
01/18/2038 22:14:07
Not sure why that's off by 2 seconds on the min date they quoted, but you get the general idea.
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"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
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Fly Rod Review: Scott S4 905-4
Michael Gracie notes that his move to a stiffer stick for throwing big bugs was probably overdue and says that the Scott S4 905-4 is “close to perfection” for big Western water:
“I think the Scott modus-beautification is stunning in a utilitarian sort of way. I look at the stick and it stares back with an ‘all business’ gleam in its eyelet. The only place where Scott decided to go for flair was with the reel seat, which is a combination of buckeye burl and nickel that says ‘I am wicked, but I’ve got a gorgeous streak.’ Usually it’s the other way around.”
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Old, familiar art going out, making room for new
Sculptures being removed to make room for new on-loan art for Lake Oswego's Gallery Without Walls. Citywide celebration set for Aug. 13 starting at 11 a.m. at Millennium Plaza Park.
Thirteen down, two to go.
That was Arts Council of Lake Oswego Public Art and Program Manager Kelsey Ferreira's tally of the sculptures being de-installed from the Gallery Without Walls on July 27. The on-loan sculptures were being removed to make room for the 15 new additions to Lake Oswego's nationally recognized public art program. The process is one that requires many volunteers working alongside Ferreira and other Arts Council staff members and contractors.
The delicate balancing act of moving 15 large-scale artworks from public places requires flexibility, attention to detail and the dedication of knowledgeable assistants such as Bob Liddell and Jeff Wiens.
Liddell has been a volunteer with the Arts Council for more than a decade, as a board member, chairman of the Public Art Committee and as the head volunteer on sculpture changeovers. His professional experience as a building contractor prepared him for whatever an installation may present. From wielding a hammer drill or knowing which Titan bolt will withstand two years of wear and tear, to determining whether a crane can safely attach to a sculpture, Liddell has been a key part of the public art program in Lake Oswego.
Wiens and his wife, Kathleen, have been enthusiastic participants of Arts Council activities since their arrival from California two years ago. He helps prepare the site, ensuring everyone is safe and secure, and gets to meet new and interesting artists in the process.
"Without the knowledgeable help of volunteers like Bob and Jeff, we wouldn't have such a successful and well-run program," Ferreira said. "They provide not only the physical assistance, but serve as our unofficial historians. When questions arise, we know where to turn."
The de-installation is completed, and the new sculptures will be appearing throughout the downtown area in the next few weeks.
"Watch for the new sculptures and come watch the installation," Ferreira said.
She plans to place signs at the locations telling citizens when they could expect to have the new sculptures installed. "It's fun to watch the sculptures being installed, and exciting to see the new art in place."
To celebrate the new collection in the Gallery Without Walls, the Arts Council of Lake Oswego is hosting Unveil Your Art! a public celebration of the new sculptures to take place at Millennium Plaza Park beginning at 11 a.m. Aug. 13. This year's celebration will feature food from The Dump Truck (serving sweet and savory dumplings) and local favorite Nola Donuts, and wines from World Class Wines, plus more items. There will be kids' activities, entertainment, drawing rallies and more.
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"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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"Non ti muovere, altrimenti prendiamo la mazza". "Ti picchio, ti spacco le gambe se non la smetti". Insultate, minacciate, percosse "fino a provocare perdita di sangue", dicono gli inquirenti. Era un inferno l'esistenza delle anziane di "Villa Franca" a Rimini, gestita dalla cooperativa "La bella vita". Un inferno fatto di violenze fisiche e psicologiche quotidiane che i carabinieri di Rimini, coordinati dal pm Davide Ercolani, hanno provato con oltre 100 audio-video registrati dalle telecamere nascoste piazzate nella struttura tra la primavera e l'estate scorsa.Stamattina tutto questo è finito all'alba. I militari hanno infatti bussato alla porta del responsabile della struttura e delle operatrici per notificare loro un ordine di arresto. Cinque le misure cautelari eseguite su disposizione del Gip Benedetta Vitolo, di cui quatto arresti domiciliari e un divieto di avvicinamento alla struttura. Per tutti l'accusa è di continui maltrattamenti nei confronti di ultraottantenni, ricoverate presso una casa di cura riminese.
Rimini, anziani picchiati e umiliati in casa di cura: quattro arresti in riproduzione....
A finire nei guai sono Benito Rosa, gestore della coop, Jessenia Lisset Quipe Soto, Maia Kaviashvili, Maria Carlotta Re e Carmen Bordea, operatrici della casa di riposo. Contro di loro accuse che la Procura ritiene "ampiamente provate". Un'indagine lampo, se si pensa che gli approfondimenti sono durati una manciata di mesi. Secondo le indagini, partite dalla denuncia di un'ex dipendente, gli ospiti venivano sistematicamente sottoposti ad ogni tipo di angheria. Picchiati con ciabatte, presi a schiaffi, trascinati per i capelli. Minacciati e insultati: "Cretina, ti metto sotto l'acqua ghiacciata", urla una delle operatrici ignara di essere registrata dalle microspie.Nelle carte dell'indagine si racconta come tutto avvenisse alla presenza di altre operatrici e dei responsabili della struttura che "non intervenivano mai per fermare le violenze" e che anzi "incitavano i collaboratori". Per loro quelle vecchiette erano solo un affare. Nessuna attenzione nei loro confronti, mai una parola di conforto. I commenti registrati nelle intercettazioni dopo il decesso di un'anziana sono agghiaccianti: "Poveri, peccato sia morta. Una retta in meno... hhahha", e giù a ridere in spregio ad ogni forma di compassione.Scrive la giudice nelle motivazioni della misura cautelare: "Si tratta di numerosi atti di crudeltà e di disprezzo posti in essere, con cadenza pressoché quotidiana, nei confronti di anziani soli e indifesi, proprio da coloro che dovevano prendersi cura di loro, e per questo ancora più riprovevoli". Violenza gratuita, tanto da rilevare: "Non risulta che i fatti-reato siano stati compiuti in presenza di una causa". Solo per fare un esempio la giudice Vitolo evidenzia: "E' estremamente avvilente constatare che una donna anziana, in condizione fisico - psichiche precarie, venga svegliata a suon di schiaffi e di insulti".
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Inter- and intraindividual correlations of background abundances of (2)H, (18)O and (17)O in human urine and implications for DLW measurements.
The method of choice for measuring total energy expenditure in free-living individuals is the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. This experiment examined the behavior of natural background isotope abundance fluctuations within and between individuals over time to assess possible methods of accounting for variations in the background isotope abundances to potentially improve the precision of the DLW measurement. In this work, we measured natural background variations in (2)H, (18)O and (17)O in water from urine samples collected from 40 human subjects who resided in the same geographical area. Each subject provided a urine sample for 30 consecutive days. Isotopic abundances in the samples were measured using Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy. Autocorrelation analyses demonstrated that the background isotopes in a given individual were not temporally correlated over the time scales of typical DLW studies. Using samples obtained from different individuals on the same calendar day, cross-correlation analyses demonstrated that the background variations of different individuals were not correlated in time. However, the measured ratios of the three isotopes (2)H, (18)O and (17)O were highly correlated (R(2)=0.89-0.96). Although neither specific timing of DLW water studies nor intraindividual comparisons were found to be avenues for reducing the impact of background isotope abundance fluctuations on DLW studies, strong inter-isotope correlations within an individual confirm that use of a dosing ratio of 8‰:1‰ (0.6 p.p.m.: p.p.m.) optimizes DLW precision. Theoretical implications for the possible use of (17)O measurements within a DLW study require further study.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
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Rule changes for the 2018-19 EuroLeague and EuroCup season
Turkish Airlines EuroLeague and 7DAYS EuroCup players, coaches and fans will be greeted by a number of rule changes, which have been introduced for the new season in the FIBA Official Basketball Rules.
Perhaps the most significant change is an alteration to the punishment of technical fouls, which will no longer result in an automatic change of possession. The offending team still concedes one free throw to its opponent, but the game will resume with the ball given to the team in possession when the foul was called.
Another important amendment is aimed to prevent defensive players from slowing down the game in crunch time. From now, players who cross the boundary line during the final two minutes of the fourth quarter or overtime, hoping to delay an inbound pass, will be penalized with a technical foul.
There is potential for greater creativity from players and excitement for fans with the change that allows players to throw the ball against the backboard and regain possession without anyone else touching the ball, making it possible for players to assist themselves for an alley-oop dunk!
Other key amendments are:
All throw-ins following unsportsmanlike and disqualifying fouls or fighting situations shall be administered from the new frontcourt, with 14 seconds on the clock.
Whenever a foul or violation is called against the team in control of the ball, the shot clock shall be reset at 24 seconds if the throw-in is in the new backcourt, and 14 seconds if the throw-in is in the new frontcourt.
In the final two minutes of a game or in overtime, when coaches take a time out with possession of the ball they will be allowed to decide whether the subsequent throw-in is in the frontcourt or the backcourt. The decision will be communicated at the end of the time out.
If a live ball lodges between the ring and the backboard, unless between free throws and unless a possession of the ball is part of the foul penalty, it will be a jump ball situation resulting in an alternating possession throw-in. The shot clock shall be reset to 14 (same offensive team) or new 24 seconds (change in offensive team).
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{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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Check out our new site Makeup Addiction
delicious, crunchy, tasty razor blades in your mouth
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{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
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Piracetam in elderly motorists.
101 elderly motorists with reduced reaction capacity were examined under real traffic conditions with regard to their driving ability. They were given a daily dose of 4.8 g piracetam or placebo over a six-week period in a randomised double-blind study. The percentage of correctly solved sign-observance items, which reflects orientation and perception in real traffic conditions, increased in the placebo-treated test-group from 79.86% in the pretest to 80.07% in the retest, whereas the test subjects of the piracetam-treated group improved their performance from 77.08% to 84.16%. After being treated with piracetam for 6 weeks, the drivers showed a significantly better performance than the placebo-group. Of particular interest is the finding that the test-subjects who had scored less than 80% in the pretest improved without exception in the retest after treatment with piracetam.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
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/*
* Copyright (C) 2016, Canon Inc. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
* copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
* in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
* * Neither the name of Canon Inc. nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#pragma once
#include "CachedRawResourceClient.h"
#include "CachedResourceHandle.h"
#include "ResourceRequest.h"
namespace WebCore {
class CachedRawResource;
class Document;
class DocumentThreadableLoader;
class ResourceError;
class CrossOriginPreflightChecker final : private CachedRawResourceClient {
public:
static void doPreflight(DocumentThreadableLoader&, ResourceRequest&&);
CrossOriginPreflightChecker(DocumentThreadableLoader&, ResourceRequest&&);
~CrossOriginPreflightChecker();
void startPreflight();
void setDefersLoading(bool);
private:
void notifyFinished(CachedResource&) final;
void redirectReceived(CachedResource&, ResourceRequest&&, const ResourceResponse&, CompletionHandler<void(ResourceRequest&&)>&&) final;
static void handleLoadingFailure(DocumentThreadableLoader&, unsigned long, const ResourceError&);
static void validatePreflightResponse(DocumentThreadableLoader&, ResourceRequest&&, unsigned long, const ResourceResponse&);
DocumentThreadableLoader& m_loader;
CachedResourceHandle<CachedRawResource> m_resource;
ResourceRequest m_request;
};
} // namespace WebCore
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"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to route data processing technology and more specifically, to a route data compression method for compressing recording points for recording a route to reduce the amount of storage data by means of setting the values of predetermined distance, predetermined angle and predetermined number of compression points and then determining whether or not the distance between every two recording points is greater than the predetermined distance and whether or not the contained angle of the two link lines of every three recording points is greater than the predetermined angle.
2. Description of the Related Art
Following fast development of modern technology, many different electronic products are created to serve people, bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life. For example, many different advanced satellite navigation systems have been created following the development of satellite navigation technology. These advanced satellite navigation systems provide dramatic improvement in navigation quality, operation interface, display mode and size, attracting people to buy. Nowadays, most new cars are equipped with a satellite navigation system as a standard equipment. A satellite navigation system can receive a geographic coordinate data signal from an artificial satellite, compare the geographic coordinate data to its internal map database, and then display the location on a map. A satellite navigation system has a local area map database. When started the navigation software, the user can input the name or address of the destination, enabling the satellite navigation system to produce a line of route planning data. To a person who is not familiar with the road conditions, he or she can use the map of a satellite navigation system to guide the traveling to the destination.
However, the navigation mapping software programs of modern satellite navigation systems or electronic devices (desk computers, notebook computers, PDAs or servers) provide a 3D actual view simulation and different route planning modes, thereby increasing program capacity and complicating the computation procedure. In consequence, much data storage capacity is necessary for recording the data and a relatively higher operating power of central processing speed must be used, resulting in a rise in cost. Further, when the amount of storage data is increased, the data transmission speed will be lowered, leading to trouble.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a method for use in the processing of route planning data to reduce memory space occupation, thereby eliminating the aforesaid problems.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
National Coalition to Amend Constitution Supports the Overturn Citizens United Act
For Immediate Release
National Coalition to Amend Constitution Supports the Overturn Citizens United Act
MOVE TO AMEND STATEMENT ON OVERTURN CITIZENS UNITED ACT
National Democracy Coalition Calls for Governor Brown to Sign SB 254
SACRAMENTO - The California Senate passed The Overturn Citizens United Act (SB 254) on Friday in a 26-to-11 vote. Democracy advocates from several local and national organizations including Money Out Voters In, Free Speech For People, and Move to Amend are calling for Governor Jerry Brown's signature.
Move to Amend and other supporters of SB 254 were present in the Senate gallery as Senator Ben Allen, the bill’s lead author, urged his colleagues to send the measure to the ballot. "Citizens United is but one of the many U.S. Supreme Court rulings that have made effective campaign finance reform more difficult,” said Senator Allen. “At the core of these decisions is the belief that spending money in an election is a protected form of free speech and those rights extend not only to human beings but to other entities as well, including corporations. I believe most Californians do not share that sentiment and we should give them the opportunity to make their collective voices heard."
Move to Amend national director, Kaitlin Sopoci-Belknap, praised to bill’s passage, stating: “We applaud the California legislature for taking action to restore this measure to the ballot. The Court's removal of Proposition 49 at the request of a non-profit entity is a stark example to the power of corporations to use constitutional rights to override the democratic process and silence the voices of real people. We call on Governor Brown to sign SB 254 into law, and call on Californians to make clear for their representatives that corporations are not people and money is not protected speech.”
SB 254 would place a voter instruction on the November ballot that would ask Californians if their representatives should “use all of their constitutional authority…to overturn Citizens United v. FEC and other applicable judicial precedents.” Californians were poised to vote on a similar measure in 2014 known as Proposition 49 before the California Supreme Court removed it from the ballot over questions to its legitimacy, an unprecedented move in the state's history of ballot measures. Following the vote, supporters of SB 254 submitted to the Governor’s office a letter asking Governor Brown to sign the bill into law.
###
Move to Amend is a rapidly growing national grassroots coalition of nearly 400,000 individuals and thousands of organizations working to pass a constitutional amendment to make clear that Constitutional rights belong to human beings and political spending is not protected speech under the First Amendment. Their We the People Amendment was introduced in the US House of Representatives on April 29, 2015 as House Joint Resolution 48 by Rep. Rick Nolan (D-MN).
Further
Lord, what would John Lennon have made of the Trump monster? Marking Thursday's 36th anniversary of Lennon's murder, Yoko Ono posted a plea for gun control, calling his death "a hollowing experience" and pleading, "Together, let's bring back America, the green land of Peace." With so many seeking solace in these ugly times, mourns one fan, "Oh John, you really should be here." Lennon conceded then, and likely would now, "Reality leaves a lot to the imagination."
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
TAFE NSW Regional Structure Aug 2016
Following very fast after the Minister’s announcement of One TAFE for NSW, comes the new regional structure which will replace the current Institute structure. Regional General Manager jobs were advertised on July 22, 2016.
Coping with a rapidly changing vocational educational sector requires a rapid response at management level by all voc. ed. providers. Allowing students to study anywhere and anytime by online delivery seems to be a significant step in the direction of training now days. However, some training such as practical sessions still needs to be delivered in the classroom with standardised equipment, timing and conditions. A blend of online delivery and in class practical would seem to be the direction for many classes in the future. Apprenticeships could be a key ingredient in proper training for many vocational jobs, as some training is given on the job and some training is provided by TAFE or another RTO.
For TAFE, the vision required by each General Manager must be focussed on work ready graduates with lots of practical skills. Good teachers, good classrooms, good equipment is essential for TAFE to remain the number 1 provider in NSW and around Australia.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Obama: Congress must meet fiscal cliff deadline
USATODAY
President Obama used his Saturday radio address to echo his demand that Congress act before the nation falls off a "fiscal cliff" that includes automatic tax hikes and budget cuts.
"You meet your deadlines and your responsibilities every day," Obama told his radio audience. "The folks you sent here to serve should do the same. We cannot let Washington politics get in the way of America's progress."
Obama spoke as Senate Democratic and Republican leaders work this weekend on a package that could be voted on as early as Monday. Any plan must also approved by the Republican-run House.
Tuesday, New Year's Day, marks the start of the fiscal cliff, a series of automatic tax increases and program cuts -- including defense -- that gradually take effect if the parties are unable to reach a new debt reduction agreement. The federal debt now exceeds $16 trillion.
If the Senate cannot strike a deal this weekend, Obama said in his radio speech he will ask the Senate to vote on a "basic package." That plan would maintain unemployment benefits and extend the George W. Bush-era tax cuts for all Americans except those who make more than $250,000 a year.
"I believe such a proposal could pass both houses with bipartisan majorities -- as long as these leaders allow it to come to a vote," Obama said. "If they still want to vote no, and let this tax hike hit the middle class, that's their prerogative. But they should let everyone vote."
In the Republican radio address, Sen. Roy Blunt, R-Mo., said the GOP wants to make sure that a debt reduction doesn't include tax increases that could hurt the economy.
"We still can avoid going over the fiscal cliff if the President and the Democrat-controlled Senate step forward this week and work with Republicans to solve this problem and solve it now," Blunt said.
Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., and GOP counterpart Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., said they hope to have a plan ready when the Senate and House reconvene Sunday -- two days before New Year's Day and the fiscal cliff deadline. Reid hopes to have a vote on Monday.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a sensing device, and particularly to an image sensing device.
2. Description of the Related Art
FIG. 1 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of a conventional image sensing device. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wafer including a number of image sensing devices shown in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the image sensing device 100 sawed from the wafer 50 includes an image sensing chip 110, a spacer 120, a protecting glass 130 and a lens module 140. An image sensing region 112 is defined on a front surface 111 of the image sensing chip 110. The image sensing region 112 includes a number of light sensitive units 114 arranged in an array. Color filter patterns 116 are respectively disposed on the light sensitive units 114, and micro lenses 118 are respectively disposed on the color filter patterns 116. Additionally, the spacer 120 is disposed on the front surface 111 of the image sensing chip 110 and around the image sensing region 112. The spacer 120 is configured for supporting the protecting glass 130. The lens module 140 is disposed on the protecting glass 130.
In the conventional technique, the protecting glasses 130 over the wafer 50 are a whole and the lens modules 140 over the wafer 50 are also a whole. In other words, the protecting glasses 130 are separated each other by a sawing process of the wafer 50, and the lens modules 140 are separated each other by the sawing process of the wafer 50. Thus, an orthogonal projection area of the lens module 140 on the front surface 111 of the image sensing chip 110 is equal to the area of the front surface 111 of the image sensing chip 110.
The protecting glass 130 in the conventional image sensing device 100 can support the lens module 140 and prevent the image sensing region 112 from particles. However, the spacer 120 is needed to support the protecting glass 130 in the conventional image sensing device 100. The image sensing device 100 will be thickened due to thickness of the spacer 120 and the thickness of the protecting glass 130. Furthermore, a poor flatness of the spacer 120 and a poor flatness of the protecting glass 130 will affect the transmission path of the light, thereby reducing the quality of the image sensing device 100. In addition, it is very difficult for the protecting glass 130 to have a transparence of 100%, thereby reducing a light utility efficiency of the image sensing device 100.
Therefore, what is needed is an image sensing device to overcome the above disadvantages.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
Q:
Is there a way to go up a certain number of directories depending on the current location?
I'm trying to implement Jekyll to my site and I'm having a hard time setting paths for my images since I don't know how to allot for the different paths since the permalink to each post is one folder deeper than the homepage. How can I make it so that my images both show in the homepage and in their individual pages?
A:
Use absolute paths for your images:
<img src="/image_folder/image.jpg" />
This way it doesn't matter where in the hierarchy the HTML file is as the image always is permanent in relation to the root folder.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
Resistive random access memory (RRAM) is a nonvolatile memory type that is one possible target for future advancement in memory technology. Generally, RRAM usually employs a dielectric material, which although normally insulating can be made to conduct through a filament or conduction path formed after application of a sufficiently high voltage. Once the filament is formed, it may be reset (broken, resulting in a high resistance) or set (re-formed, resulting in a lower resistance) by an appropriately applied voltage. The low and high resistance are utilized to indicate a “1” or “0”, thereby allowing for data storage.
New and different configurations that may offer practical advantages to RRAM are an ongoing area of research.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
Q:
How can I get any expression in C# as string?
In many cases one needs the name of an expression, parameter, statement, etc. For example:
public abstract void Log(string methodName, string parameterName, string message);
public void FooMethod(string value)
{
if (value == null)
{
this.Log("FooMethod", "value", "The value must be whatever...");
throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
}
if (value.Length < 5)
{
this.Log("FooMethod", "value.Length", "The value length must be whatever...");
throw new ArgumentException("value");
}
}
Is there any way of getting these string literals automatically like for example with a keyword that can be used like typeof(string)?
Or is there a simple and performant approach based on reflection?
I'm not looking for a way to check and log this parameter (which is actually only an example). I'm looking for a method to get part of the code as string.
The following would be more accurate, could be checked by the compiler and would also be considered when refactoring the code:
public void FooMethod(string value)
{
if (value == null)
{
this.Log(literal(this.FooMethod), literal(value), "The parameter '" + literal(value) + "' must be whatever...");
throw new ArgumentNullException(literal(value));
}
if (value.Length < 5)
{
this.Log(literal(this.FooMethod), literal(value.Length), "The value length must be whatever...");
throw new ArgumentException(literal(value));
}
}
A:
You can create static methods like this for all possible types. Below is for method name.
public static string GetString(Action obj)
{
return obj.Method.Name;
}
public static string GetString(Delegate obj )
{
return obj.Method.Name;
}
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
Software Functionality Revealed in Detail
We’ve opened the hood on every major category of enterprise software. Learn about thousands of features and functions, and how enterprise software really works.Get free sample report
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Visit the TEC store to compare leading software solutions by funtionality, so that you can make accurate and informed software purchasing decisions.Compare Now
airport security canada Security Part 3: Selecting a Managed Security Services Provider Introduction It's the middle of the night. A shadowed figure crouches by the window. He retrieves a menacing instrument and begins fiddling with the lock. But the intruder won't get far: the homeowners have contracted a security provider to monitor a tight alarm system-or so they thought. Actually, the security company has recently gone out of business and failed to notify its customers. As the intruder makes his way into the
Corporations are at risk because Web applications and servers make them susceptible to hackers and cyber crooks. However, companies can perform security risk assessments that mitigate risk by applying security risk management policies designed to protect a company’s data.
Application Security, Inc. (AppSecInc) is the leading provider of
application security solutions for the enterprise. AppSecInc's
products – the industry's only complete vulnerability management
solution for the application tier – proactively secure enterprise
applications at more than 350 organizations around the world.
Historically, organizations have secured their networks and host
operating systems by applying the vulnerability management
methodology. This four-step process allows organizations to
proactively manage risk by baselining what elements they have and
identifying what vulnerabilities are present on them; prioritizing
security measures based on value and risk; intelligently applying
protection based on this prioritization; and then applying ongoing
monitoring to flag any issues.
AppSecInc products are the industry's most complete line of security
solutions for the application tier that apply to applications the
same vulnerability management methodology organizations use to secure
their networks and general-purpose operating systems. By securing
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Please contact us at 1-866-927-7732 to learn more, or visit us on the
web at www.appsecinc.com
JurInnov’s director of information systems and security provides a detailed analysis of why development of a security-oriented corporate culture is imperative for companies wishing to keep their electronically stored information secure.
Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) has become a mainstream technology offering great benefits and efficiencies but carrying with it unique security challenges. Unsecured WiFi provides an easy target for hit-and-run style attacks allowing hackers to cause severe damage while remaining invisible and undetected. Ignoring the specific requirements for securing their enterprise network and users against WiFi vulnerabilities, businesses risk loss of confidential data, legal fines and penalties, and brand erosion. By following WiFi security best practices and using the right tools, enterprises can reap the benefits of WiFi while protecting their IT infrastructure from WiFi threats.
Information security is more than just a technology. Two other areas also require consideration: processes and people. Each element is a critical point of the information security triangle, and a change in one area affects the other two. Download this white paper to learn how a collaborative approach to endpoint security can help ensure that your security solution is both comprehensive and effective.
Effective network security is most successful when you use a layered approach, with multiple defense factors in the overall solution. Successful remote access solutions provide effective authentication and access control—and you must take care to ensure your data can be transported securely over the network. Learn about the components of a layered strategy, and how to provide embedded systems with remote access ability.
Learn how Quaker Oats of Canada found a solution that would give it the ability to optimize its short-term schedule, as well as provide long-term projections based on the real capacity of production plans, inventory targets, and manpower levels.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Q:
N1ql -> IN operator does not work with other conditions
The following query works just fine when only IN operator is used
SELECT META().id FROM bucket_name WHERE description IN ['Item1','Item2']
But when I fire this query it gives me a blank result
SELECT META().id FROM bucket_name WHERE id = 123 AND description IN ['Item1','Item2']
Am I doing something wrong or somebody else has faced the same problem?
A:
I think you have to take your "IN" condition into parenthesis to make it work:
SELECT META().id FROM bucket_name WHERE id = 123 AND (description IN ['Item1','Item2'])
It has to do with the precedence level of the operators evaluation by N1QL processor
If you run it with EXPLAIN keyword it will show how it links conditions against each other.
e.g.
explain SELECT META().id FROM bucket_name WHERE id = 123 AND (description IN ['Item1','Item2'])
vs
explain SELECT META().id FROM bucket_name WHERE id = 123 AND description IN ['Item1','Item2']
A:
With the latest N1QL developer preview (http://docs.couchbase.com/developer/n1ql-dp3/n1ql-intro.html) the IN clause does not need to be parenthesized, so this should work:
SELECT META(b).id FROM bucket_name b WHERE id = 123 AND description IN ['Item1','Item2']
You need to pass the bucket name (or alias) to META() I think because N1QL now supports queries on multiple buckets.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to data communications equipment. More particularly, the present invention relates to mapping systems and methods having advantageous applications in high speed modems which are coupled to an analog local loop.
2. State of the Art
With the ever-increasing importance of telecommunications for the transfer of-data as well as voice, there has been a strong effort to increase data transfer rates over the telephone wires. Recently, the ITU-T adopted the V.34 Recommendation (International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardization Sector Recommendation V.34, Geneva, Switzerland 1994) which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. The V.34 standard and subsequent amendments define modem operating speeds of 28.8 kbps up to 33.6 kbps, and the vast majority of modems being sold today adhere to the V.34 Recommendation. However, with the explosion in the use of the Internet, even at the V.34 transfer rates, downloading of large files available on the Internet can take long periods of time. Thus, recently, there has been a thrust to provide additional standards recommendations which will increase data transfer rates even further (note the TIA TR-30.1 PAM Modem ad hoc group and the ITU-T Study Group 16).
Recognizing that further increases in data rates is theoretically limited where the telecommunication network is an analog system (see C. E. Shannon, "A Mathematical Theory of Communication," Bell System Technical Journal, 27:379-423, 623-656 (1948)), there have been various proposals to take advantage of the fact that much of the telecommunication network is now digital. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,394,437 to Ayanoglu et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,406,583 to Dagdeviren, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,528,625 to Ayanoglu et al. (all assigned to AT&T/Lucent and all of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties) all discuss techniques which utilize the recognition that the network is mostly digital in order to increase data transmission rates to 56 kbps and higher. Similarly, Kalet et al., "The Capacity of PAM Voiceband Channels," IEEE International Conference on Communications '93, pages 507-511 Geneva, Switzerland (1993) discusses such a system where the transmitting end selects precise analog levels and timing such that the analog to digital conversion which occurs in the central office may be achieved with no quantization error. PCT application, number PCT/US95/15924 (Publication WO 96/18261) to Townshend which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety) discusses similar techniques. All of the disclosures assume the use of PAM (pulse amplitude modulation) digital encoding technology rather than the QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) currently used in the V.34 Recommendation. The primary difference between the AT&T technology and the Townshend reference is that the AT&T technology suggests exploiting the digital aspect of the telephone network in both "upstream" and "downstream" directions, while Townshend appears to be concerned with the downstream direction only. Thus, systems such as the "x2" technology of US Robotics which are ostensibly based on Townshend envision the use of the V.34 Recommendation technology for upstream communications.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the technologies underlying the V.34 Recommendation, and the proposed 56 kbps modem are complex and typically require the use of high-end digital signal processors (DSPs). One of the complex tasks of the modem is the mapping of digital data into a sequence of digital signals chosen from a constellation which are converted into an analog signal by a D/A converter. Mapping typically includes utilizing a constellation. In the V.34 Recommendation, the preferred constellation is a four-dimensional constellation, whereas in the envisioned 56 kbps modems, the constellation is envisioned as a one dimensional PAM constellation which complies with .mu.-law (A-law in Europe) requirements. According to .mu.-law requirements which are set forth in ITU-T Recommendation G.711 which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety, the total constellation consists of 255 signal levels; 127 positive, 127 negative, and zero. Both the positive portion of the constellation and the negative portion of the constellation include eight sectors with sixteen points each (the constellation being shown in Appendix 1 hereto), with zero being a common point for both portions. As is well known in the art, the minimum distance between points in sector 1 of the constellation is a distance "2". In sector 2, the minimum distance is "4", while in sector 3, the minimum distance is "8". In the eighth sector, the minimum distance is "256".
Using the full PAM .mu.-law constellation, theoretically, a bit rate of almost 64 kbps can be transmitted over the analog local loop to the digital network. However, the average power of such a constellation would be about -4 dBm, and the minimum distance between points would be a distance of "2". Such a large average power is undesirable when compared to the present restrictions of an average power of -12 dBm on the network; and such a minimum distance is also undesirable, with minimum distances of at least "4" and preferably "8" being considerably more desirable in reducing errors due to noise.
In light of the power restrictions, and minimum distance considerations, the prior art primarily discusses sending data at 56 kbps (i.e., seven bits per symbol at an 8 kHz rate). In order to increase the bit rate to 60 kbps, (e.g., 7.5 bits per symbol), a sequence of symbols could be sent, with every other symbol carrying seven bits and eight bits respectively. However, for reasons set forth above (average power, and minimum distance), the carrying of eight bits per symbol is not feasible.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
Q:
If Wolverine broke a bone which protruded his skin, what would happen if he started to heal before it was set and splinted?
In X-Men Origins: Wolverine we see that Wolverine’s bones can be broken in the fight between him and Sabretooth.
So if he was to suffer an injury (let's say a very high fall) and broke his leg and the bone snapped and came through the skin (an open break), what would be the effect of his healing powers if the bone wasn't reset and splinted?
A:
Wolverine can regenerate fully. That means while he has even a single cell alive, he can regenerate from it. This already happened once. A single cell will re-create his skeleton, muscles, and skin.
That means a single cell knows how Wolverine is, and every cell retains his "blueprint" so to speak.
In your case, I'm guessing that would also mean his body would pull itself together. The bone would adjust to the right place, and the muscle and skin heal shut. But this raise worm-split-in-half questions.
I'm discussing Wolverine at the peak of his mutant powers. It's usual for his powers to vary greatly from author to author. Hulk split Wolverine in half once, and threw his legs hundreds of miles away. In that universe, Wolverine had to crawl over to them to fuse and heal his lower body.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
Attacks on the Press 2004: Tunisia
TunisiaFor nearly two decades, Tunisian President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali has quietly run one of the region's most efficient police states, stifling the media with an array of Soviet-style tactics. Even allies of Ben Ali, such as U.S. President George W. Bush, expressed concern in 2004 about the troubling lack of press freedom. On World Press Freedom Day, May 3, the U.S. State Department criticized the Tunisian government for "censorship [and] harassment" of journalists and its failure "to investigate attacks on the media."
Despite the scrutiny, prospects for press freedom remain dim. On October 24, Ben Ali was re-elected to a fourth consecutive five-year term, taking 94.5 percent of the vote in an election seen as neither free nor fair. Ben Ali's prolonged reign is likely to spell more frustration for the country's beleaguered media.
Tunisia's press is largely privately owned but often reads like government-sponsored propaganda. In most newspapers, articles lauding Ben Ali are standard; publications are heavily self-censored, avoiding even the most benign scrutiny of government policies or local news events.
Officially sanctioned opposition newspapers are published, and at least two—Al-Mawkif (The Situation) and Al-Tariq al-Jadid (The New Path)—provide critical coverage of the government. But their circulation is low, and they must contend with government pre-screening of content and distribution delays.
Journalists have learned that crossing the government can be costly. Those who have run afoul of authorities have been imprisoned, physically assaulted, and harassed. Many dissenting writers and editors have fled the country or left journalism. For the few remaining independent voices—people who often double as human rights activists—police surveillance, tapped phone lines, and e-mail monitoring are the norm.
Government retaliation can also be violent. Thugs believed to be members of the secret police attacked prominent Internet journalist and human rights activist Sihem Bensedrine outside her home in the capital, Tunis, in January, punching her in the face and chest. Bensedrine was treated at a local hospital.
The Internet has been a refuge for dissenting voices, but authorities bar access to Web sites critical of the government and have closed certain Internet cafés. In 2004, authorities continued to block access to Kalima, the online news site operated by Bensedrine, and refused to license a print edition of the site. Internet journalist Zouhair Yahyaoui, who spent almost 18 months in prison on spurious charges before being released in late 2003, started posting again on his Web site, TUNeZINE, but the government blocked access to it as well. The government did ease some strictures, allowing access to once-banned sites, such as CPJ's and those of other international rights groups, according to press reports.
Radio and television are mostly state controlled. The government licensed its first private radio station in 2003, but Radio Mosaique FM continued to offer mostly entertainment and steered clear of any criticism of the regime. Tunisia's first private television station was licensed in 2004 but had not begun broadcasting by year's end. The Hannibal Channel, owned by a pro-regime businessman, is expected to focus on entertainment programming.
Al-Jazeera and other pan-Arab stations, available to viewers with satellite dishes, are popular. Local sources say that Al-Jazeera negotiated with Tunisian authorities about opening a Tunis bureau but was rebuffed in 2004 because the station wanted to employ a Tunisian journalist whom authorities did not like. Pan-Arab newspapers are closely monitored and summarily confiscated at ports of entry if they carry criticism of Ben Ali or report critically on the government. Some of these newspapers have decided that it is not worth the effort and have stopped shipping copies to Tunisia altogether.
The government has earned a reputation for alternately browbeating and bribing regional media outlets. Tunisian diplomats have pressured Al-Jazeera, for instance, by threatening to withdraw Tunisia's ambassador to Qatar. At the same time, Tunisian officials pay Arab newspapers to publish articles that trumpet the government's accomplishments, and they give journalists all-expenses-paid trips in exchange for favorable reporting.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
import tensorflow as tf
from models.stacked_bidirectional import StackedBidirectional
class LstmStackedBidirectional(StackedBidirectional):
def __init__(self, review_summary_file, checkpointer, num_layers, attention=False):
"""
:param review_summary_file:
:param checkpointer:
:param num_layers:
:param attention:
"""
super(LstmStackedBidirectional, self).__init__(review_summary_file, checkpointer, num_layers, attention)
def get_cell(self):
"""
Return the atomic RNN cell type used for this model
:return: The atomic RNN Cell
"""
return tf.nn.rnn_cell.LSTMCell(self.memory_dim)
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
Client beliefs about a multicouple group service for intimate partner violence: a narrative analysis.
Despite the ongoing debate about intervention best practices for intimate partner violence (IPV), few researchers have elicited the perspectives of clients themselves about what interventions most effectively decrease violence and increase safety. Using qualitative narrative analysis methodology, the researchers conducted 48 client participant interviews and 5 staff interviews to better understand couples' perspectives of a multicouple conjoint treatment program for IPV. Several recurring themes included (a) group purpose and general service characteristics, (b) motivation for participation, (c) comparison with other services, (d) benefits of, (e) disadvantages of, and (f) suggestions for Couples Achieving Relationship Enrichment. Important research implications for community intervention are discussed.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
A major business lobbying organisation has registered with the Electoral Commission to formally back a "no" vote in the independence referendum, prompting some of its members to leave.
The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) Scotland faced criticism that its position does not accurately reflect its members' views, and it failed to consult them before formally registering to campaign for the union.
Organisations or individuals must register with the Electoral Commission if they want to spend more than £10,000 on campaigning during the referendum period.
Registering as a campaigner also gives access to the electoral register and the right for representatives to attend postal vote opening sessions, polling stations and the counting of votes.
A CBI spokesman said: "The CBI has clearly stated its position in the Scottish referendum debate, that Scotland and the rest of the UK are stronger together as part of the union
"We have registered this with the Electoral Commission in accordance with the law."
The decision angered pro-independence and neutral members of the confederation.
Tony Banks, chairman of the Balhousie Care Group, said he will now leave the CBI.
Mr Banks, who is also chairman of the pro-independence group Business for Scotland, said: "It is abundantly clear that the CBI is not representing its members' views honestly. I am therefore writing to the director-general, John Cridland, today, withdrawing my company membership."
He said the CBI has attempted to "hijack its members without proper consultation" on their views and "many must now feel they are in an impossible position".
Martin McAdam, chief executive officer of wave energy company Aquamarine Power, said there had been no consultation.
"As a business, Aquamarine Power has been firmly neutral on the matter of independence," he said.
"We have adopted this view after consultation with our board and management team and as a consequence we can no longer remain members of the CBI."
CBI director Iain McMillan gave his views on the implications of independence when he gave evidence to Holyrood's Economy Committee earlier this month.
He said: ''In terms of an independent Scotland, there would be every bit as much need to attack the deficit and deal with fiscal consolidation going forward and that of course would result in many difficult decisions about tax and spend.
''This would not be a land of milk and honey. It would be extremely difficult with many painful decisions to be taken."
While there has been no threat to leave the CBI, the union said the Better Together affiliation does not reflect its views.
Select said: "The owners of our member companies and their employees, like the rest of the Scottish population, cover the full range of political affiliations and, within Select, we are agreed that the way in which each and every person associated with Select votes on September 18 is a matter for them alone.
"We would appreciate it if CBI reviewed this decision before taking action."
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Wednesday, May 13, 2015
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS—Genetic testing of a 40,000-year-old mandible with modern human and Neanderthal traits has revealed that the Oase man’s genome was between five and 11 percent Neanderthal, including large chunks of several chromosomes. Palaeogenomicist Qiaomei Fu of Harvard Medical School and her colleagues analyzed how lengths of DNA inherited from an ancestor shorten with each generation. They estimate that this individual’s Neanderthal ancestor was introduced in the previous four to six generations. The jawbone and one other human bone were discovered among bear remains in a Romanian cave called Peştera cu Oase. Erik Trinkaus of Washington University in St. Louis has argued that these bones point to inbreeding between humans and Neanderthals. “I guess it’s reassuring at some level that there’s correspondence between what the anatomy is telling us and what the genes are telling us,” he commented in Nature News. And radiocarbon dates suggest that modern humans and Neanderthals may have been in Europe together for up to 5,000 years in some areas. Fu presented her team’s work at the recent Biology of Genomes meeting. To read more about our extinct cousins, see "Should We Clone Neanderthals?"
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
Beneath the Web is not markedly better than its prequel, the dismayingly unappealingThe Wooden Sword. Yet, ironically, its first two chapters do contain some of Abbey's very best storytelling. The war waged between the evil mage Hazard and the people of Walensor, briefly recounted as backstory in the previous novel, is here depicted in its final moments with admirable suspense. Abbey relates not merely the desperation of a people who seek to save their magical link to the gods, the Web of Walensor, but also the internecine tensions between the princes of Walensor, who, were it not for the war that has forced them into allegiance, would just as soon slit each other's throats. It's uncharacteristically tense writing for Abbey, and it shows she can really deliver the goods if she wants to.
Nevertheless, it has to be said: Abbey's fantasies, even when she is doing a good storytelling job, are just plain hard to get into. I think this is mainly because Abbey is taking them so seriously that they are bled dry of any sense of wonder or magic — vital to a fantasy's success. Beneath the Web, like its predecessor, is a pretty dour exercise much of the time, offering up characters by the dozen and plot by the metric ton until the whole thing becomes a very onerous chore to keep up with. So sadly, after the initial interest evoked by those striking early chapters, Beneath the Web settles into business as usual, and only the most devoted Abbey fans and fantasy die-hards will be able to read it without literally dragging themselves kicking and screaming through its pages.
The plot, inasmuch as one can get invested in it at all, deals with the feud between rival princes for the throne of Walensor, and how the presence of Dart and Berika (our "heroes" from the previous novel) figures into the political turmoil. The Web of Walensor is believed to be threatened by the fact that Weycha, the Goddess who imprisoned Dart for over 20 years, broke the Compact that the gods have with humans.
And...um...hmm. There is really little else I can say in the way of a synopsis, to be honest, simply because in spite of (or perhaps because of) the nearly encyclopedic amounts of detail which which Abbey builds her plot, precious little of it sticks with you. Nothing registers because Abbey's storytelling is so serious and even self-important, there is no joy to be had in the reading. No thrills, no tension, no storytelling magic, no romance...no real reason to care one way or the other. It's just a thoroughly tedious, if admirably crafted, exercise. I suppose you could put it this way: Abbey hits all the notes, but misses the music. Nothing of what fantastic storytelling is supposed to embody, that sense of wonder rush, is present. Abbey weaves her web with consummate technical skill. It's a true pity that she can't prevent its unraveling.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
L'eau jaunâtre sera désormais chose du passé à Chambord. Les citoyens et les commerçants auront bientôt accès à une eau claire en tout temps grâce à une nouvelle unité de traitement de près de 1,9 million de dollars.
La nouvelle unité de traitement qui vient d'être construite entrera en fonction à la fin du mois de janvier dans la petite municipalité du Lac-Saint-Jean.
Elle permettra d'éliminer le fer et le manganèse qui donnait trop souvent une couleur jaunâtre à l'eau potable consommée dans le périmètre urbain de Chambord.
Agrandir l’image (Nouvelle fenêtre) Une nouvelle unité de traitement entrera en fonction à la fin janvier à Chambord au Lac-Saint-Jean. Photo : Radio-Canada / Mélissa Paradis
Le maire de la muncipalité, Luc Chiasson, précise que ce sont des membranes qui vont filtrer l'eau.
L'eau brute va être amenée ici. Les membranes vont filtrer l'eau et par la suite, il va y avoir un certain traitement qui va devoir se faire puisque la filtration va enlever toute teneur à l'eau. Ça fait qu'il va y avoir certains produits chimiques qui vont être utilisés pour ramener les concentrations et la qualité de l'eau qui correspondent aux normes , explique le maire de Chambord.
Il ne reste plus qu'à brancher l'installation au réseau électrique et aux différents puits souterrains où l'eau est pompée.
Agrandir l’image (Nouvelle fenêtre) Le gouvernement du Québec assume les trois quarts des coûts de construction de l'unité de traitement d'eau potable de Chambord. Photo : Radio-Canada / Mélissa Paradis
Une bonne nouvelle pour la population qui réclamait une eau de qualité depuis plus de 40 ans.
Les senteurs, l'eau jaune, les cuves de toilettes sales, le linge taché, les douches avec le fond jaune sale aussi, ce n'est pas l'idéal , raconte un citoyen.
On n'aura plus besoin de dire aux clients que l'eau est brune. Les motels, ça va être fantastique et les serviettes vont rester blanches. Wow! Nathalie Gauthier, employée du restaurant L'Escale
Le gouvernement du Québec assume 75 % des coûts de construction.
Les citoyens doivent s'attendre à une hausse de taxes qui pourrait s'élever jusqu'à une trentaine de dollars par résidence permanente.
Je pense qu'avoir de l'eau potable, ça n'a pas vraiment de prix. Mathieu Girard, citoyen
Les quelques puits qui avaient été fermés en raison de la piètre qualité de leur eau seront de nouveau en service, ce qui permettra d'assurer le développement domiciliaire du secteur.
D'après le reportage de Mélissa Paradis
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<testproblem>
<name>Standing free surface wave in channel using P1DG-P2.</name>
<owner userid="skramer"/>
<tags>flml</tags>
<problem_definition length="short" nprocs="1">
<command_line>fluidity -v3 -l standing_wave.flml</command_line>
</problem_definition>
<variables>
<variable name="solvers_converged" language="python">import os
files = os.listdir("./")
solvers_converged = not "matrixdump" in files and not "matrixdump.info" in files</variable>
<variable name="fs_left" language="python">
import h5py
import numpy as np
f = h5py.File('standing_wave.detectors.h5part', 'r')
lt_id = f.attrs['Left%ids'][0] - 1
fsl = np.array([f['/Step#{}/Water%FreeSurface'.format(i)][lt_id] for i in range(len(f))])
t = np.array([f['/Step#{}'.format(i)].attrs['time'][0] for i in range(len(f))])
fs_left={}
fs_left['min']=fsl.min()
fs_left['min_time']=t[fsl.argmin()]
fs_left['end_value']=fsl[-1]</variable>
<variable name="fs_right" language="python">
import h5py
import numpy as np
f = h5py.File('standing_wave.detectors.h5part', 'r')
rt_id = f.attrs['Right%ids'][0] - 1
fsr = np.array([f['/Step#{}/Water%FreeSurface'.format(i)][rt_id] for i in range(len(f))])
t = np.array([f['/Step#{}'.format(i)].attrs['time'][0] for i in range(len(f))])
fs_right={}
fs_right['max']=fsr.max()
fs_right['max_time']=t[fsr.argmax()]
fs_right['end_value']=fsr[-1]</variable>
<variable name="fs_integral_max" language="python">import fluidity_tools
stat=fluidity_tools.stat_parser('standing_wave.stat')
fsi=stat['Water']['FreeSurface']['integral']
fs_integral_max=abs(fsi).max()<comment>Horizontal integral of free surface should be zero</comment></variable>
<variable name="fs_integral_range" language="python">import fluidity_tools
stat=fluidity_tools.stat_parser('standing_wave.stat')
fsi=stat['Water']['FreeSurface']['integral']
fs_integral_range=fsi.max()-fsi.min()<comment>Horizontal integral of free surface should be zero</comment></variable>
</variables>
<pass_tests>
<test name="Solvers converged" language="python">assert(solvers_converged)</test>
<test name="fs_left_min" language="python">assert(fs_left['min']<-0.95)</test>
<test name="fs_left_min_time" language="python">assert abs(fs_left['min_time']-1e4)<400</test>
<test name="fs_end_value" language="python">assert abs(fs_left['end_value']-1.0)<0.2</test>
<test name="fs_right_max" language="python">assert(fs_right['max']>-0.95)</test>
<test name="fs_right_max_time" language="python">assert abs(fs_right['max_time']-1e4)<200</test>
<test name="fs_end_value" language="python">assert abs(fs_right['end_value']+1.0)<0.2</test>
<test name="fs_integral_max_zero" language="python">area=1e6*1e5
assert fs_integral_max<area*1e-5</test>
<test name="fs_integral_range_zero" language="python">assert fs_integral_range<1.0</test>
</pass_tests>
<warn_tests/>
</testproblem>
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
Migrating lumbar facet joint cysts.
The majority of lumbar facet joint cysts (LFJCs) are located in the spinal canal, on the medial aspect of the facet joint with characteristic diagnostic features. When they migrate away from the joint of origin, they cause diagnostic problems. In a 7-year period we examined by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging five unusual cases of facet joint cysts which migrated from the facet joint of origin. Three LFJCs were identified in the right S1 foramen, one in the right L5-S1 neural foramen and one in the left erector spinae and multifidus muscles between the levels of L2-L4 spinous process. Awareness that spinal lesions identified at MRI and CT could be due to migrating facet joint cyst requires a high level of suspicion. The identification of the appositional contact of the cyst and the facet joint needs to be actively sought in the presence of degenerative facet joints.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
/*
Copyright 2014 The Kubernetes Authors.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/
package util
import (
"bytes"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"net/url"
"os"
"strconv"
"strings"
"time"
jsonpatch "github.com/evanphx/json-patch"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
"github.com/spf13/pflag"
apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/meta"
metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
utilerrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/errors"
"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/yaml"
"k8s.io/cli-runtime/pkg/genericclioptions"
"k8s.io/cli-runtime/pkg/resource"
"k8s.io/client-go/dynamic"
"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
"k8s.io/client-go/scale"
"k8s.io/client-go/tools/clientcmd"
"k8s.io/klog"
utilexec "k8s.io/utils/exec"
)
const (
ApplyAnnotationsFlag = "save-config"
DefaultErrorExitCode = 1
)
type debugError interface {
DebugError() (msg string, args []interface{})
}
// AddSourceToErr adds handleResourcePrefix and source string to error message.
// verb is the string like "creating", "deleting" etc.
// source is the filename or URL to the template file(*.json or *.yaml), or stdin to use to handle the resource.
func AddSourceToErr(verb string, source string, err error) error {
if source != "" {
if statusError, ok := err.(apierrors.APIStatus); ok {
status := statusError.Status()
status.Message = fmt.Sprintf("error when %s %q: %v", verb, source, status.Message)
return &apierrors.StatusError{ErrStatus: status}
}
return fmt.Errorf("error when %s %q: %v", verb, source, err)
}
return err
}
var fatalErrHandler = fatal
// BehaviorOnFatal allows you to override the default behavior when a fatal
// error occurs, which is to call os.Exit(code). You can pass 'panic' as a function
// here if you prefer the panic() over os.Exit(1).
func BehaviorOnFatal(f func(string, int)) {
fatalErrHandler = f
}
// DefaultBehaviorOnFatal allows you to undo any previous override. Useful in
// tests.
func DefaultBehaviorOnFatal() {
fatalErrHandler = fatal
}
// fatal prints the message (if provided) and then exits. If V(2) or greater,
// klog.Fatal is invoked for extended information.
func fatal(msg string, code int) {
if klog.V(2) {
klog.FatalDepth(2, msg)
}
if len(msg) > 0 {
// add newline if needed
if !strings.HasSuffix(msg, "\n") {
msg += "\n"
}
fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, msg)
}
os.Exit(code)
}
// ErrExit may be passed to CheckError to instruct it to output nothing but exit with
// status code 1.
var ErrExit = fmt.Errorf("exit")
// CheckErr prints a user friendly error to STDERR and exits with a non-zero
// exit code. Unrecognized errors will be printed with an "error: " prefix.
//
// This method is generic to the command in use and may be used by non-Kubectl
// commands.
func CheckErr(err error) {
checkErr(err, fatalErrHandler)
}
// CheckDiffErr prints a user friendly error to STDERR and exits with a
// non-zero and non-one exit code. Unrecognized errors will be printed
// with an "error: " prefix.
//
// This method is meant specifically for `kubectl diff` and may be used
// by other commands.
func CheckDiffErr(err error) {
checkErr(err, func(msg string, code int) {
fatalErrHandler(msg, code+1)
})
}
// checkErr formats a given error as a string and calls the passed handleErr
// func with that string and an kubectl exit code.
func checkErr(err error, handleErr func(string, int)) {
// unwrap aggregates of 1
if agg, ok := err.(utilerrors.Aggregate); ok && len(agg.Errors()) == 1 {
err = agg.Errors()[0]
}
if err == nil {
return
}
switch {
case err == ErrExit:
handleErr("", DefaultErrorExitCode)
case apierrors.IsInvalid(err):
details := err.(*apierrors.StatusError).Status().Details
s := "The request is invalid"
if details == nil {
handleErr(s, DefaultErrorExitCode)
return
}
if len(details.Kind) != 0 || len(details.Name) != 0 {
s = fmt.Sprintf("The %s %q is invalid", details.Kind, details.Name)
}
if len(details.Causes) > 0 {
errs := statusCausesToAggrError(details.Causes)
handleErr(MultilineError(s+": ", errs), DefaultErrorExitCode)
} else {
handleErr(s, DefaultErrorExitCode)
}
case clientcmd.IsConfigurationInvalid(err):
handleErr(MultilineError("Error in configuration: ", err), DefaultErrorExitCode)
default:
switch err := err.(type) {
case *meta.NoResourceMatchError:
switch {
case len(err.PartialResource.Group) > 0 && len(err.PartialResource.Version) > 0:
handleErr(fmt.Sprintf("the server doesn't have a resource type %q in group %q and version %q", err.PartialResource.Resource, err.PartialResource.Group, err.PartialResource.Version), DefaultErrorExitCode)
case len(err.PartialResource.Group) > 0:
handleErr(fmt.Sprintf("the server doesn't have a resource type %q in group %q", err.PartialResource.Resource, err.PartialResource.Group), DefaultErrorExitCode)
case len(err.PartialResource.Version) > 0:
handleErr(fmt.Sprintf("the server doesn't have a resource type %q in version %q", err.PartialResource.Resource, err.PartialResource.Version), DefaultErrorExitCode)
default:
handleErr(fmt.Sprintf("the server doesn't have a resource type %q", err.PartialResource.Resource), DefaultErrorExitCode)
}
case utilerrors.Aggregate:
handleErr(MultipleErrors(``, err.Errors()), DefaultErrorExitCode)
case utilexec.ExitError:
handleErr(err.Error(), err.ExitStatus())
default: // for any other error type
msg, ok := StandardErrorMessage(err)
if !ok {
msg = err.Error()
if !strings.HasPrefix(msg, "error: ") {
msg = fmt.Sprintf("error: %s", msg)
}
}
handleErr(msg, DefaultErrorExitCode)
}
}
}
func statusCausesToAggrError(scs []metav1.StatusCause) utilerrors.Aggregate {
errs := make([]error, 0, len(scs))
errorMsgs := sets.NewString()
for _, sc := range scs {
// check for duplicate error messages and skip them
msg := fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", sc.Field, sc.Message)
if errorMsgs.Has(msg) {
continue
}
errorMsgs.Insert(msg)
errs = append(errs, errors.New(msg))
}
return utilerrors.NewAggregate(errs)
}
// StandardErrorMessage translates common errors into a human readable message, or returns
// false if the error is not one of the recognized types. It may also log extended
// information to klog.
//
// This method is generic to the command in use and may be used by non-Kubectl
// commands.
func StandardErrorMessage(err error) (string, bool) {
if debugErr, ok := err.(debugError); ok {
klog.V(4).Infof(debugErr.DebugError())
}
status, isStatus := err.(apierrors.APIStatus)
switch {
case isStatus:
switch s := status.Status(); {
case s.Reason == metav1.StatusReasonUnauthorized:
return fmt.Sprintf("error: You must be logged in to the server (%s)", s.Message), true
case len(s.Reason) > 0:
return fmt.Sprintf("Error from server (%s): %s", s.Reason, err.Error()), true
default:
return fmt.Sprintf("Error from server: %s", err.Error()), true
}
case apierrors.IsUnexpectedObjectError(err):
return fmt.Sprintf("Server returned an unexpected response: %s", err.Error()), true
}
switch t := err.(type) {
case *url.Error:
klog.V(4).Infof("Connection error: %s %s: %v", t.Op, t.URL, t.Err)
switch {
case strings.Contains(t.Err.Error(), "connection refused"):
host := t.URL
if server, err := url.Parse(t.URL); err == nil {
host = server.Host
}
return fmt.Sprintf("The connection to the server %s was refused - did you specify the right host or port?", host), true
}
return fmt.Sprintf("Unable to connect to the server: %v", t.Err), true
}
return "", false
}
// MultilineError returns a string representing an error that splits sub errors into their own
// lines. The returned string will end with a newline.
func MultilineError(prefix string, err error) string {
if agg, ok := err.(utilerrors.Aggregate); ok {
errs := utilerrors.Flatten(agg).Errors()
buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
switch len(errs) {
case 0:
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%v\n", prefix, err)
case 1:
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%v\n", prefix, messageForError(errs[0]))
default:
fmt.Fprintln(buf, prefix)
for _, err := range errs {
fmt.Fprintf(buf, "* %v\n", messageForError(err))
}
return buf.String()
}
}
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s\n", prefix, err)
}
// PrintErrorWithCauses prints an error's kind, name, and each of the error's causes in a new line.
// The returned string will end with a newline.
// Returns true if a case exists to handle the error type, or false otherwise.
func PrintErrorWithCauses(err error, errOut io.Writer) bool {
switch t := err.(type) {
case *apierrors.StatusError:
errorDetails := t.Status().Details
if errorDetails != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "error: %s %q is invalid\n\n", errorDetails.Kind, errorDetails.Name)
for _, cause := range errorDetails.Causes {
fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "* %s: %s\n", cause.Field, cause.Message)
}
return true
}
}
fmt.Fprintf(errOut, "error: %v\n", err)
return false
}
// MultipleErrors returns a newline delimited string containing
// the prefix and referenced errors in standard form.
func MultipleErrors(prefix string, errs []error) string {
buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
for _, err := range errs {
fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%s%v\n", prefix, messageForError(err))
}
return buf.String()
}
// messageForError returns the string representing the error.
func messageForError(err error) string {
msg, ok := StandardErrorMessage(err)
if !ok {
msg = err.Error()
}
return msg
}
func UsageErrorf(cmd *cobra.Command, format string, args ...interface{}) error {
msg := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
return fmt.Errorf("%s\nSee '%s -h' for help and examples", msg, cmd.CommandPath())
}
func IsFilenameSliceEmpty(filenames []string, directory string) bool {
return len(filenames) == 0 && directory == ""
}
func GetFlagString(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) string {
s, err := cmd.Flags().GetString(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return s
}
// GetFlagStringSlice can be used to accept multiple argument with flag repetition (e.g. -f arg1,arg2 -f arg3 ...)
func GetFlagStringSlice(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) []string {
s, err := cmd.Flags().GetStringSlice(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return s
}
// GetFlagStringArray can be used to accept multiple argument with flag repetition (e.g. -f arg1 -f arg2 ...)
func GetFlagStringArray(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) []string {
s, err := cmd.Flags().GetStringArray(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return s
}
func GetFlagBool(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) bool {
b, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return b
}
// Assumes the flag has a default value.
func GetFlagInt(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) int {
i, err := cmd.Flags().GetInt(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return i
}
// Assumes the flag has a default value.
func GetFlagInt32(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) int32 {
i, err := cmd.Flags().GetInt32(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return i
}
// Assumes the flag has a default value.
func GetFlagInt64(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) int64 {
i, err := cmd.Flags().GetInt64(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return i
}
func GetFlagDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, flag string) time.Duration {
d, err := cmd.Flags().GetDuration(flag)
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("error accessing flag %s for command %s: %v", flag, cmd.Name(), err)
}
return d
}
func GetPodRunningTimeoutFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) (time.Duration, error) {
timeout := GetFlagDuration(cmd, "pod-running-timeout")
if timeout <= 0 {
return timeout, fmt.Errorf("--pod-running-timeout must be higher than zero")
}
return timeout, nil
}
func AddValidateFlags(cmd *cobra.Command) {
cmd.Flags().Bool("validate", true, "If true, use a schema to validate the input before sending it")
}
func AddValidateOptionFlags(cmd *cobra.Command, options *ValidateOptions) {
cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&options.EnableValidation, "validate", options.EnableValidation, "If true, use a schema to validate the input before sending it")
}
func AddFilenameOptionFlags(cmd *cobra.Command, options *resource.FilenameOptions, usage string) {
AddJsonFilenameFlag(cmd.Flags(), &options.Filenames, "Filename, directory, or URL to files "+usage)
AddKustomizeFlag(cmd.Flags(), &options.Kustomize)
cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&options.Recursive, "recursive", "R", options.Recursive, "Process the directory used in -f, --filename recursively. Useful when you want to manage related manifests organized within the same directory.")
}
func AddJsonFilenameFlag(flags *pflag.FlagSet, value *[]string, usage string) {
flags.StringSliceVarP(value, "filename", "f", *value, usage)
annotations := make([]string, 0, len(resource.FileExtensions))
for _, ext := range resource.FileExtensions {
annotations = append(annotations, strings.TrimLeft(ext, "."))
}
flags.SetAnnotation("filename", cobra.BashCompFilenameExt, annotations)
}
// AddKustomizeFlag adds kustomize flag to a command
func AddKustomizeFlag(flags *pflag.FlagSet, value *string) {
flags.StringVarP(value, "kustomize", "k", *value, "Process the kustomization directory. This flag can't be used together with -f or -R.")
}
// AddDryRunFlag adds dry-run flag to a command. Usually used by mutations.
func AddDryRunFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) {
cmd.Flags().String(
"dry-run",
"none",
`Must be "none", "server", or "client". If client strategy, only print the object that would be sent, without sending it. If server strategy, submit server-side request without persisting the resource.`,
)
cmd.Flags().Lookup("dry-run").NoOptDefVal = "unchanged"
}
func AddServerSideApplyFlags(cmd *cobra.Command) {
cmd.Flags().Bool("server-side", false, "If true, apply runs in the server instead of the client.")
cmd.Flags().Bool("force-conflicts", false, "If true, server-side apply will force the changes against conflicts.")
cmd.Flags().String("field-manager", "kubectl", "Name of the manager used to track field ownership.")
}
func AddPodRunningTimeoutFlag(cmd *cobra.Command, defaultTimeout time.Duration) {
cmd.Flags().Duration("pod-running-timeout", defaultTimeout, "The length of time (like 5s, 2m, or 3h, higher than zero) to wait until at least one pod is running")
}
func AddApplyAnnotationFlags(cmd *cobra.Command) {
cmd.Flags().Bool(ApplyAnnotationsFlag, false, "If true, the configuration of current object will be saved in its annotation. Otherwise, the annotation will be unchanged. This flag is useful when you want to perform kubectl apply on this object in the future.")
}
func AddApplyAnnotationVarFlags(cmd *cobra.Command, applyAnnotation *bool) {
cmd.Flags().BoolVar(applyAnnotation, ApplyAnnotationsFlag, *applyAnnotation, "If true, the configuration of current object will be saved in its annotation. Otherwise, the annotation will be unchanged. This flag is useful when you want to perform kubectl apply on this object in the future.")
}
// AddGeneratorFlags adds flags common to resource generation commands
// TODO: need to take a pass at other generator commands to use this set of flags
func AddGeneratorFlags(cmd *cobra.Command, defaultGenerator string) {
cmd.Flags().String("generator", defaultGenerator, "The name of the API generator to use.")
cmd.Flags().MarkDeprecated("generator", "has no effect and will be removed in the future.")
AddDryRunFlag(cmd)
}
type ValidateOptions struct {
EnableValidation bool
}
// Merge requires JSON serialization
// TODO: merge assumes JSON serialization, and does not properly abstract API retrieval
func Merge(codec runtime.Codec, dst runtime.Object, fragment string) (runtime.Object, error) {
// encode dst into versioned json and apply fragment directly too it
target, err := runtime.Encode(codec, dst)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
patched, err := jsonpatch.MergePatch(target, []byte(fragment))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
out, err := runtime.Decode(codec, patched)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return out, nil
}
// DumpReaderToFile writes all data from the given io.Reader to the specified file
// (usually for temporary use).
func DumpReaderToFile(reader io.Reader, filename string) error {
f, err := os.OpenFile(filename, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0600)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer f.Close()
buffer := make([]byte, 1024)
for {
count, err := reader.Read(buffer)
if err == io.EOF {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
_, err = f.Write(buffer[:count])
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func GetServerSideApplyFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) bool {
return GetFlagBool(cmd, "server-side")
}
func GetForceConflictsFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) bool {
return GetFlagBool(cmd, "force-conflicts")
}
func GetFieldManagerFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) string {
return GetFlagString(cmd, "field-manager")
}
type DryRunStrategy int
const (
DryRunNone DryRunStrategy = iota
DryRunClient
DryRunServer
)
func GetDryRunStrategy(cmd *cobra.Command) (DryRunStrategy, error) {
var dryRunFlag = GetFlagString(cmd, "dry-run")
b, err := strconv.ParseBool(dryRunFlag)
// The flag is not a boolean
if err != nil {
switch dryRunFlag {
case cmd.Flag("dry-run").NoOptDefVal:
klog.Warning(`--dry-run is deprecated and can be replaced with --dry-run=client.`)
return DryRunClient, nil
case "client":
return DryRunClient, nil
case "server":
return DryRunServer, nil
case "none":
return DryRunNone, nil
default:
return DryRunNone, fmt.Errorf(`Invalid dry-run value (%v). Must be "none", "server", or "client".`, dryRunFlag)
}
}
// The flag was a boolean
if b {
klog.Warningf(`--dry-run=%v is deprecated (boolean value) and can be replaced with --dry-run=%s.`, dryRunFlag, "client")
return DryRunClient, nil
}
klog.Warningf(`--dry-run=%v is deprecated (boolean value) and can be replaced with --dry-run=%s.`, dryRunFlag, "none")
return DryRunNone, nil
}
// PrintFlagsWithDryRunStrategy sets a success message at print time for the dry run strategy
//
// TODO(juanvallejo): This can be cleaned up even further by creating
// a PrintFlags struct that binds the --dry-run flag, and whose
// ToPrinter method returns a printer that understands how to print
// this success message.
func PrintFlagsWithDryRunStrategy(printFlags *genericclioptions.PrintFlags, dryRunStrategy DryRunStrategy) *genericclioptions.PrintFlags {
switch dryRunStrategy {
case DryRunClient:
printFlags.Complete("%s (dry run)")
case DryRunServer:
printFlags.Complete("%s (server dry run)")
}
return printFlags
}
// GetResourcesAndPairs retrieves resources and "KEY=VALUE or KEY-" pair args from given args
func GetResourcesAndPairs(args []string, pairType string) (resources []string, pairArgs []string, err error) {
foundPair := false
for _, s := range args {
nonResource := (strings.Contains(s, "=") && s[0] != '=') || (strings.HasSuffix(s, "-") && s != "-")
switch {
case !foundPair && nonResource:
foundPair = true
fallthrough
case foundPair && nonResource:
pairArgs = append(pairArgs, s)
case !foundPair && !nonResource:
resources = append(resources, s)
case foundPair && !nonResource:
err = fmt.Errorf("all resources must be specified before %s changes: %s", pairType, s)
return
}
}
return
}
// ParsePairs retrieves new and remove pairs (if supportRemove is true) from "KEY=VALUE or KEY-" pair args
func ParsePairs(pairArgs []string, pairType string, supportRemove bool) (newPairs map[string]string, removePairs []string, err error) {
newPairs = map[string]string{}
if supportRemove {
removePairs = []string{}
}
var invalidBuf bytes.Buffer
var invalidBufNonEmpty bool
for _, pairArg := range pairArgs {
if strings.Contains(pairArg, "=") && pairArg[0] != '=' {
parts := strings.SplitN(pairArg, "=", 2)
if len(parts) != 2 {
if invalidBufNonEmpty {
invalidBuf.WriteString(", ")
}
invalidBuf.WriteString(pairArg)
invalidBufNonEmpty = true
} else {
newPairs[parts[0]] = parts[1]
}
} else if supportRemove && strings.HasSuffix(pairArg, "-") && pairArg != "-" {
removePairs = append(removePairs, pairArg[:len(pairArg)-1])
} else {
if invalidBufNonEmpty {
invalidBuf.WriteString(", ")
}
invalidBuf.WriteString(pairArg)
invalidBufNonEmpty = true
}
}
if invalidBufNonEmpty {
err = fmt.Errorf("invalid %s format: %s", pairType, invalidBuf.String())
return
}
return
}
// IsSiblingCommandExists receives a pointer to a cobra command and a target string.
// Returns true if the target string is found in the list of sibling commands.
func IsSiblingCommandExists(cmd *cobra.Command, targetCmdName string) bool {
for _, c := range cmd.Parent().Commands() {
if c.Name() == targetCmdName {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// DefaultSubCommandRun prints a command's help string to the specified output if no
// arguments (sub-commands) are provided, or a usage error otherwise.
func DefaultSubCommandRun(out io.Writer) func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) {
return func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) {
c.SetOutput(out)
RequireNoArguments(c, args)
c.Help()
CheckErr(ErrExit)
}
}
// RequireNoArguments exits with a usage error if extra arguments are provided.
func RequireNoArguments(c *cobra.Command, args []string) {
if len(args) > 0 {
CheckErr(UsageErrorf(c, "unknown command %q", strings.Join(args, " ")))
}
}
// StripComments will transform a YAML file into JSON, thus dropping any comments
// in it. Note that if the given file has a syntax error, the transformation will
// fail and we will manually drop all comments from the file.
func StripComments(file []byte) []byte {
stripped := file
stripped, err := yaml.ToJSON(stripped)
if err != nil {
stripped = ManualStrip(file)
}
return stripped
}
// ManualStrip is used for dropping comments from a YAML file
func ManualStrip(file []byte) []byte {
stripped := []byte{}
lines := bytes.Split(file, []byte("\n"))
for i, line := range lines {
if bytes.HasPrefix(bytes.TrimSpace(line), []byte("#")) {
continue
}
stripped = append(stripped, line...)
if i < len(lines)-1 {
stripped = append(stripped, '\n')
}
}
return stripped
}
// ScaleClientFunc provides a ScalesGetter
type ScaleClientFunc func(genericclioptions.RESTClientGetter) (scale.ScalesGetter, error)
// ScaleClientFn gives a way to easily override the function for unit testing if needed.
var ScaleClientFn ScaleClientFunc = scaleClient
// scaleClient gives you back scale getter
func scaleClient(restClientGetter genericclioptions.RESTClientGetter) (scale.ScalesGetter, error) {
discoveryClient, err := restClientGetter.ToDiscoveryClient()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
clientConfig, err := restClientGetter.ToRESTConfig()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
setKubernetesDefaults(clientConfig)
restClient, err := rest.RESTClientFor(clientConfig)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
resolver := scale.NewDiscoveryScaleKindResolver(discoveryClient)
mapper, err := restClientGetter.ToRESTMapper()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return scale.New(restClient, mapper, dynamic.LegacyAPIPathResolverFunc, resolver), nil
}
func Warning(cmdErr io.Writer, newGeneratorName, oldGeneratorName string) {
fmt.Fprintf(cmdErr, "WARNING: New generator %q specified, "+
"but it isn't available. "+
"Falling back to %q.\n",
newGeneratorName,
oldGeneratorName,
)
}
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
"¶" "New Castle, done." "Cancun, done." "Australia, guess what, you're getting done." "The Geordie's are going down under." "To Australia." "And deep into the bush." "Look out!" "Oh!" "Throw another shrimp on the barbie." "This one's gonna be the best one yet." "This is a fucking war." "¶" "Vicky's been tashing on too much." "She's been taking herself away from the group." "Finally, we can have sexual intercourse." "[laughter]" "I had a chance to move on and be happy with someone, but instead," "I came to Australia and live with someone who I hate." "¶" "So we're drunk and we're in bed, and Scott's cock just accidentally falls into my mouth, and then" "I'm sucking on it." "Fuck." "How is Cock-a-tron?" "[laughter]" "¶" "I should have a degree in pulling women." "I am a Geordie Girl, with a V.I.P. edge." "I've never kissed anyone without a six-pack." "Get into this house and I'm gonna tear the place up." "I can talk the back legs off a donkey." "I'm fake, I'm flirty, and I've got double F's." "The hardest graft I've ever done is doing me hair." "Geordie Shore, way ay!" "¶" "¶" "Last night, everyone was having a go at Vicky 'cause she was pullin' too much." "Vicky, welcome to Gaz's fucking world." "I hope that Holly's back tonight, I'm not too bothered about Scott and I hope they haven't banged." "Oh my God Gaz, stop trying to touch that." "Gary's scared that he may have lost this to another boy, 'cause" "I haven't went near him once." "¶" "[Holly yawns]" "Well I had a dream that like, I sucked Scotty T off." "No, that was reality." "I sucked him off." "I don't know." "It's kind of awkward between me and Holly right now, but she did not suck me off." "Some people's talents are like art, or science, or history." "Mine just happens to be blow jobs." "[Holly yawns]" "Can't really believe we've been messing around for days by Sheep" "Shaggin' Steve, but I'm buzzin' is that we're goin' home so" "I can fucking pull a bag." "¶" "Let's go on a road trip." "I can't believe it, we're going to see dolphins." "This is amazin'." "This is the best year of me life." "Better than the day I got me period, and I felt like a woman." "¶" "Everyone loves dolphins, 'cause dolphins got a massive blow hole, just like women's vaginas." "[Charlotte screams]" "Whoa." "The only fact I know about dolphins is they are the only other animals that have sex for pleasure." "I think me and the dolphins are gonna get along." "She's got Mitch now at home so she doesn't want anything to ever look like she's befriending him and, do you know what I mean?" "You can understand though." "Yeah, yeah, yeah." "Well obviously I miss him but it wasn't just that." "Like, 'cause now it's startin' like, 'cause it's been a while." "Yeah." "I've been away for a while and I feel like, when, if I go back, will things be the same?" "For one second it doesn't feel weird telling' him how" "I was upset over another boy." "At the end of the day, I still care about Charlotte, and any advice she wants about lads, I will help her." "Okay." "Okay?" "Yep." "This is one of probably the nicest moments that me and" "Gary's ever shared." "Thanks for the advice." "Hey, anytime." "Don't get me wrong, I would love me and Charlotte back in funny mode and be flirting, and have a bit of banter while watching these dolphins, but we're not and I'm treading on egg shells." "¶" "I wonder what happened to everyone last night." "Maybe Gary's got his um, pullin numbers up now." "Uh uh." "You gave him a chance didn't you?" "Yeah, he fucking needs to." "I've had enough now, I'm so bored." "I'm hung over, I'm tired, I'm filthy, and I'm bored of being with Scott." "I just wanna get back." "Come on then, let's go home." "I can't remember." "I was getting pissed like, I sort of remember like... [laughter]" "Holly could be making the whole thing up." "Cause normally after giving me a blow job, she'd be walking around with a jaw like a crocodile." "I'm getting very forgetful these days with all the alcohol, so I'm not certain that any blow job actually took place." "Ahh!" "¶" "Yay!" "What the hell?" "So we get backed from the dolphins, and Scotty and Holly are back." "[banter]" "Scott's being so nice, which is making us feel really guilty for being so nasty about him." "But even when he has his nice times, he still has his really bad ones." "So I don't care." "[banter]" "I've never been so relieved to see these bunch of losers in me entire life." "We wanna ask the question, what's on everyone's mind." "Did they bang or not?" "No." "No, I didn't bang Holly." "And she didn't suck it off." "Oh did ya?" "Scott's denying it all so badly." "Which I hope that happened or anything, 'cause if they had, this is making Holly look like an absolute mug." "[laughter]" "Scott's telling me he's done nothing with Holly." "Even if he had, he wouldn't tell us anyway." "[laughter]" "¶" "I'm so happy to be back, be out with the family, but I can't wait to get to Trademark and just go on a fucking piping mission, and pipe everything in sight." "Pipe." "¶" "Buzzin' for the night." "We're all out, and we're hittin' Trademark." "Way ay." "¶" "I can not wait to get pissed and rock the dance floor." "The minute we walk in there, everyone's buzzin' and wouldn't you know, it's fucking dead." "¶" "And I'm thinking, whoa, well at least we're the best lookin' people in here." "There is literally fucking no one there." "Not even two or ten." "Nothing." "What the fuck?" "What's wrong with the club?" "¶" "When Scotty T dances, he reminds us of Mr. Whitney having a shit on a cone." "What the fuck are these moves?" "And how on earth does he ever manage to pull?" "¶" "Scott's making much more of an effort with us tonight." "It's just such a shame Gaz can't do the same." "¶" "Gary is sittin' by himself." "What's his fuckin' problem?" "Just cause there's no birds Gaz, doesn't mean you can't have a laugh." "You tick." "He can not handle the fact that tonight we are all having a good time with Scott." "He's jealous." "¶" "So for some reason, Australia brings out the worst in me." "I knew this was comin'." "Holly had been suckin' Scott off and now he's out pulling' other girls and she's getting' jealous." "And this is where it all begins." "¶" "The minute he's out, the minute there's the opportunity of something else, he's payin' her absolutely zero attention." "And this is like a red rag to a bull for Holly." "¶" "Holly's kicking off." "As long as it's not about me, I don't give a shit." "All the girls give me weird vibes, and so me and the schlong have decided not to pull, I'm just gonna go home and bake a fuckin' cake." "Scott's just got back and he's pissed off at girls." "Everything you do pisses them off." "¶" "I woke up this mornin' and I feel like the anger stems from the fact that I was sent on this stupid trip for no reason." "Like, I shouldn't of had to go through that." "No one should have to go through that, it just isn't fair." "¶" "I knew this was comin'." "Holly had been suckin' Scott off, and now he's out pullin' other girls and she's getting' jealous, and this is where it all begins." "Last night, even Scotty T was getting involved, but Gaz was just sittin there with his face like a smacked dog 'cause there was no birds to pull." "Who the fuck needs birds when you've got your family?" "So this is actually the first time in Australia that we've all sat around and had breakfast as a family." "And I feel like everything's just too nice." "[laughter]" "And I'm about to tell everyone what I've got planned for the night." "I know that everyone's gonna love it." "I'm gonna say one sentence that will wind yous all up." "We're going to Oxford Art Factory, which means a big fuck off warehouse for a fancy dress Egyptian house music event." "Oh my God!" "[banter]" "We are going out in fancy dress and it's all Egyptian themed." "I can not wait." "[yelling]" "And what's the first thing that you think of when you think of Egypt?" "Romans." "Isn't Aladdin Egyptian?" "Aladdin?" "[laughter]" "¶" "On a scale of 1 to 10, are you excited?" "Like, what's your feelings?" "Are you nervous or excited?" "They're both." "This afternoon I've got me date with Dan and I'm feeling a little bit anxious to say the least." "Daytime dates are so much more pressure than night time ones." "You're in the broad daylight and you can see everyone's imperfections." "The whole no sex thing is not for anyone else's benefit, it's for mine." "Like, it just over, it complicates everything." "Once you start having sex, look, everyone in this house has started having sex." "I'm traditional." "I like to date a person to get to know them." "Maybe have more than one encounter with them before" "I just suck them off." "Charlotte and Gary, just having sex." "James and Holly, just having sex." "It's never just sex." "I do understand Vicky when she says that sex can complicate everything, but look at me, I had sex on the first date and I'm still with my lad." "I'm not ready for anything serious." "He's a really good looker though, isn't he?" "Yeah." "¶" "Hi." "Hello sweetheart." "I walk into the restaurant and the minute I see Dan, I kind of get this light feeling inside." "I know with that, I do like him." "Are you new and single, or?" "Yeah." "Very new." "Very, very new?" "Yeah." "How new is new?" "You know you're probably like only the second person I kissed." "The conversation quickly turns quite serious, and Dan starts asking me about me relationship history." "There's something about his easy going demeanor and his calming voice that makes us just want to open up." "I was nervous when I first met you." "Yeah." "You're a really nice lad." "Me too." "When I first got to Australia, the mere sight of a man made me nervous." "The first time I tashed on, I burst into fucking tears for God's sake." "And now look at us." "If that isn't me progressing and moving on, I don't know what is." "¶" "I get Vicky straight upstairs where no one else can see her, and drop the bombshell that I'm taking the singles away on the best trip ever." "I just hope she keeps it a secret." "Of course I'm buzzin." "It's meant to be Australian paradise." "I've got a funny feelin' it might ruffle a few feathers for those people in the house who are in a relationship and aren't coming." "So we decided to keep it a secret from Holly can she can not keep a secret to save her fucking life." "So Vicky's pure buzzin' about going away." "I'm not surprised, the way she pulls, she's probably one of the dream team way anyway." "[laughter]" "¶ so tonight, it's fancy dress, and that only means one thing." "Everything has to be ten times better." "Bigger hair, bigger lashes, more tan, and more make up." "Everyone's in a good mood, it seems to be getting on so much better." "I can't wait to get out tonight 'cause I know it's gonna be massive." "¶" "Everyone's looking pinging, you can tell it's gonna be a mint night tonight." "[club music]" "Oh my God, it's absolutely amazin'." "[club music]" "I've barely been here five minutes and I can already see signs of the competition between Scott and Gaz erupting again." "I'm just not havin' it." "I've got to talk to Scott about his behavior." "Scott's got to be careful." "If he keeps leading Holly on, it's gonna end up like the way she was with James." "Gary literally has been edging closer and closer to try and playfully flirt with us, and it's making us feel sick." "Me and Charlotte are on the right track." "I knew it was gonna be hard." "It's always gonna be difficult after everything we've been through, but it will take me one step at a time, and eventually" "I do think we'll be good friends." "Gary, fuck off." "Don't touch me." "You had your chance, you blew it." "Why don't you just go play with yourself?" "¶" "Scott just doesn't get it." "He can't get it though his stupid, blonde, highlighted head that he's in the wrong." "Think." "I don't know what them two are worried about, I wouldn't still live in this fucking house if I didn't care about them." "¶" "Everyone's had a mint night." "It's been a class party, but I think it's time we got out of Egypt." "It's the end of the night, I'm pissed as fuck, I'm hungry." "I want a pie, but I also want the chance to talk to Gary about our trip tomorrow." "So I suggest that me and him go to the pie shop." "Fuck off everyone, I don't want to go to the pie shop." "To me, going to the pie shop at the end of the night is just referring to being a pie." "Why would I want to go to a pie shop?" "I don't want to be put in that category." "I'm not going." "[arguing]" "Is Gary becoming so upset with himself and his pulling' that he fails to recognize just a genuine offer for a tasty snack at the end of the night?" "Next thing you know, it all kicks off with Vicky, but then" "James dives in, playing the protector of the girls role." "Mate, fuck off, this is between me and Vicky." "[arguing]" "Come and sit down." "Gaz gets into the car mouthing off about how he's gonna get" "Vicky kicked out of the house." "Hold on, who the fuck are you to say that?" "This whole argument is about Gaz being too scared to go to a pie shop." "What a fucking tit." "What's happened?" "What's he saying now?" "What's he said?" "We'll have an argument, we'll both make up about it in our own time and everything will be fine." "He's just using this as an excuse to have a go at me." "How dare he insinuate he's got the power to get me kicked out?" "Who is he?" "I wanna confront Gaz." "No one in this house should think they're better than anyone else." "This is an argument that's been brewing for so long." "Gary slagged James off, James slagged Gary off." "Get it over with." "¶" "That was a sick night." "I had the best night in my life." "It just fucking was banging." "It's been one of the best nights we've had until we got in the car." "There's no way I'm letting Gaz get away with this." "If he thinks he's bigger than everyone in the house, he's got another thing coming." "I think you two just need to fucking have it out, man." "Trouble's brewin' and it's not in my bum hole for once." "I would rather have a conversation with this apple juice." "It would have a better crack." "Hiya, how you doing?" "You all right?" "Do you wanna talk about birds?" "Oh, no, no, you're all right." "You have a good day." "It's so pathetic and it just shows how much Gary overthinks everything." "It turns into a massive argument over a bloody pie." "Who are pies?" "¶" "Crack." "What's happenin?" "I get back to the house, and I see that" "James is in no way sedated." "He's still furious about what happened." "He was going on about he could get you kicked out of the house." "And I said to him, who are you to get anyone kicked out of the house?" "It's not just about Gary's little eruption and temper at me, it's about a deep seeded, horrible rivalry that's been going on now for years." "When you were going up, I fucking stand up for you, and I thought, I know you are." "And he's told me in the car, that he was sorry and he didn't mean it." "End of the day all right, I will sit down and I'll have a full on conversation with him now about everything." "Gaz has took it far, too far this time." "And everyone's pissed off." "I hope you're listening and you come down 'cause I will tell you to your face." "¶" "Quite frankly, I couldn't really care if I talk to" "James again or not." "It wouldn't affect me in the slightest." "I'd go about my business with Scott, talk to the girls now and again, he can have his little fucking period conversations with the girls and it wouldn't matter." "I'd still enjoy me self, bothered." "I'm not taking anyone's side." "I'm not taking anyone's side." "No." "I would never, why do you think I'm sitting, you never thought I'd do something." "I'm the only one coming to sit and talk to you, you stupid, fucking, dick." "No matter how much I hate him, no matter how nasty I've been about him, no matter how much I agree with everything James is saying, I can't let him sit up there by himself." "I am your friend, Gary." "And even though I won't act like I'm your friend," "I am your friend." "Actually I am your friend and I'll be here for you no matter what." "And yeah it's been hard to not to try to speak to you, but I'm your friend." "I know." "¶" "Last time Gary and James argued, nothing was resolved." "All the issues that were there to make them kick off are still there." "I don't fucking know." "If anyone's got to say anything about anyone, it needs to be said face to face." "I'm in me room, and James is outside slagging us off and there's no way in bloody hell I'm giving him the satisfaction of a fight." "Like the only reason it's kicking off tonight is because he thinks he's better than anyone else and he's mugging Vicky off." "James isn't gonna let this drop." "And then he's saying that he can get Vicky kicked out of the house." "What authority has he got to do that?" "James just knows how to wind me up." "I don't understand what he doesn't get." "The only way this is heading, is to an angry confrontation." "I can see it, Charlotte can see it, James knows it," "Gary must know it." "This is going to fucking kick off." "I'll talk to him now, sort it now." "At the end of the day, if an argument happens, it needs to be sorted and I want to talk to him now about it." "What the fuck has happened to this house?" "What's the crack?" "Come on." "James, don't." "I'm not gonna fight yas." "Don't worry about it." "But I want to hear what you have to say, and we're gonna talk it out." "I don't know who the fuck the kid thinks he is, but he can't go on like this in this house." "Come on." "Come on." "Come on little boy." "Come on, let's turn the lights on." "What's the crack?" "Why do you think you've got any power over anyone else here?" "Why do you think that you can say about anyone else that you have the power over them?" "Why did you say that you can get Vicky kicked out of the house?" "Why did you say that?" "There was no house." "You said that." "I can tell by his stance, the look in his eye, the way he's talking, the way he's in me face, he wants a fight." "What gives you any right to bad mouth out in this house?" "[arguing back and forth]" "I don't think I'm better than anyone." "I can't believe what's happening." "I'm trying to keep me calm." "I've apologized to her already." "I said I'm sorry, bla, bla, bla." "[screaming]" "As soon as he clamps his fist, threw a punch, I duck." "Fuck off mate, I'm off." "I'm girt that it got this far, but all I was doing was sticking up for me family." "Gaz wouldn't understand 'cause he's never tried to be part of it." "Just calm." "Just calm." "Just calm." "James has gone for Gary and I just hope with all me heart that this is one thing Gary's not gonna get away with." "He's such a fucking prick, but why did I lose it?" "I'm gonna be in so much trouble now." "¶" "I can not have anymore fights or I could lose my place in this house permanently and believe me, a fight with James is not worth losing what I love more than anything." "Than a kick off, better our roommate chip away, the little mugs." "I still think Gary's a knob." "I can help but be worried about James." "He stood up for me and that's all I can see, and I hope he doesn't have to pay for it." "¶" "One thing I know about Geordie Shore is if you raise your hands to anybody else in the house, you're rooted." "I woke up and today we're off to the Whitsunday Islands." "Like fuck, I'm getting out of this shit hole." "So it's the mornin' after the night before, and this house feels awful." "It all kicked off last night." "The boys were arguing, the girls were getting involved." "Gary and James don't get along now." "Scott doesn't get along with anyone." "What the fuck, man?" "We came to Australia for everyone to bond, but instead everyone just constantly argues." "I just feel so, like disrespectful towards James, and disloyal." "Once again, King Gary has prevailed." "He's pushed and manipulated people into doing what he wanted." "James is gone and he's still here." "¶" "Last night, yes, me and Vicky did have a bit of beef, we argued, I was being a dick." "But me and Vicky have known each other a long time." "I know for a fact I'll apologize, have a little bit of banter, and we'll laugh it off 'cause that's what we do." "¶" "I still think Gary's a knob, but at the end of the day, I'm not gonna let him ruin my trip." "We're going to Australian paradise, we're going to smash it, and I'm gonna have a brilliant time." "Gary says that we're going to Whitsunday's and I'm like huh?" "But it's not Sunday." "I don't understand what you're talking about." "So basically Holly, we're going to Australian paradise." "[cheering]" "¶" "There's just me, Sophie and Joel left in the house." "What the fuck?" "What the hell happened last night?" "I don't see how James and Gary can ever be friends again after last night." "I said to Gary, I was like, both of yous are in the wrong and in the right in so many ways." "So it's not that you're all tease in the wrong, or you're in the wrong." "Yous both have your reasons and yous just need to resolve them." "I don't know where the others have gone but I hope that they're not having fun, because Gary was in the wrong as well and why should he get treated for his behavior while" "James gets punished?" "We're the only ones with positive energy where we can bring this back." "¶" "¶" "I can't express enough how nice this place is." "It is like paradise." "¶" "This place is absolute paradise." "I'm so glad I'm here and not stuck at home listening to" "Charlotte have a shit." "¶" "It's time." "There's only three of us." "It' a nice day, so we're gonna go to the beach like proper Aussie's." "It looks like if you kicked it, it would cave in." "Oh, for fuck sake." "I hate the yute." "The day the yute dies and goes to heaven, will be the day I celebrate." "Brake!" "Oh fuck." "Oh my God, this is the best day ever." "Is everyone all right?" "Is anyone hurt?" "No, I'm shaking like a leaf though." "I hurt my knee a bit but I shit when I got out of the car, not when we crashed." "[laughter]" "I've got whiplash." "Gary, for the sake of the trip, I've decided to put all things that happened last night behind us." "Okay." "Even after last night, and all the shit that happened with me and Vicky, we're actually getting on well." "So is everyone." "Moral is high and we're having a good time." "Hurray." "I feel like Gary is genuinely contrite over what he said about me." "However, for what happened between him and James," "I feel like he's not sorry in the slightest." "He feels no remorse and no guilt, because he wanted it to happen." "And then I feel deep down, he's a little bit pleased." "We'll go and do something first, now, which will be wicked." "Oh, you've crammed us with activities haven't ya?" "These are gonna be wicked." "You're nervous, but you'll be excited." "We're off to do a crocodile safari in the wild in the middle of no where." "It's gonna be unreal." "Whoa, I actually like, quite like crocodiles." "Like, it's better than seeing something like, birds." "[gate cranks up]" "Bye!" "¶" "Everyone's buzzin'." "Eventually I've actually planned something that everyone enjoys and we're gonna have a good time." "Box." "Tick." "Hey." "Oh my God." "If I could be any animal, I'd be a crocodile." "Crock life." "He's just chillin'." "I'm not gonna lie to ya, seeing these crocodiles in their natural habitat isn't exactly making me think there's more to life than Jaeger bombs and fake tan." "But it is providing a different perspective." "Oh my gosh." "That was worth seeing that one, wasn't it?" "Yeah." "That was massive." "The others would be well jealous that we're here." "I bet they're just sitting at home fingering the kite and carbing the pump." "¶" "I want to have a good time today so we're going to the beach and we're trying to do an Aussie tradition." "Boomerang." "What the fuck?" "Stop it." "Joel?" "What is that?" "Did you and Gary like have a bit of an argument last night?" "No, no, no, it wasn't an argument." "Like, I went up to see him 'cause he, I kind of felt like he was on his own." "Even though I was trying to prove to everyone that" "I was over him, the only person I wanted to prove to really, was Gary." "Like I would never want to lose Mitch, ever, never." "Not even Gary's worth that." "I feel as though it's mission accomplished, and now" "I can start thinking about making a friendship with Gary." "I know." "I know, exactly." "I'm so proud of Charlotte for coming this far and not being able to go anywhere next to him." "And I'm starting to believe now that they are totally over." "Go on, Joel." "Nah." "¶" "I'm off to see the boss, Steve." "And I just hope he forgives us and lets us back in." "¶" "Hey there, big fella." "How are ya, man?" "I deserve a boligan, but I just hope that Steve will let us back in that house eventually." "Been up to a bit of bloody mischief again, aye?" "Aye, a little bit." "Fucking violence doesn't solve anything, bro." "It really doesn't." "Use your fucking noggin." "Mmm hmm." "It's just terrible bull shit." "I've learned me lesson, and I really regret losing my cool." "I'm not gonna let you back in just yet, mate." "That's as simple as that." "You wanna pet me collie?" "[laughter]" "¶" "All about the love." "So tonight is hippie night." "Me, Charlotte, and Joel are just gonna bite the bullet, have a good time and enjoy ourselves." "This is the wig that's going on." "Is it Vicky's wig?" "Yeah." "Oh my God." "Don't worry about it." "She'll never know." "I just hope that the other guys are getting punished, because they are all trouble makers." "Holly constantly kicks off, Gaz kicks off all the time, Scott punches walls, and Vicky kisses everyone in sight." "Oh my God." "[laughter]" "Let's hit the club, man." "Yeah, man, let's do it." "I wanna get so fucked up, man." "¶" "Tonight, for the first time ever, it's just single people out, having fun, pullin', with no hassle, and no one shouting at ya." "I can't wait." "¶" "Tonight, the bar we're going to is a backpacker bar, where I'm gonna give them something to put in their fucking backpack." "Right off." "Yeah, right off." "Scott and Gaz definitely are here to pull." "It's their singles' trip at the end of the day." "A million and ten percent they are out to pull tonight." "Singles' night!" "Aye, aye." "[cheering] [club music]" "We hit Momma Africa, and I'm not surprised at what people are wearing." "There's not a fucking stiletto in sight." "But do I give a fuck?" "No, cause I'm a Geordie Girl, and that's not gonna change just 'cause I'm in the Whitsunday's." "[club music]" "I do have a backpack." "If you had told me to dress code, I could of wore it." "There's a couple of decent birds in this bar but the majority of them look like squirrels on super nuts." "[club music]" "This trip was an amazing idea." "Hopefully when we get back we can just rebuild the family again." "[club music]" "Hippies would not have alcohol because they're high on peace and the euphoric feeling of love and sex and orgasms." "But this time around, we're gonna get fucked because we're meat eating mortal hippies who just love to shag." "[club music]" "Hippies make the best of a bad situation." "They don't need material things to have a good time." "They don't need anything." "They just use love." "All the angry people have just gone to be angry with each other and it's just left with the peacemakers." "¶" "I am so mortal." "I'm the mortalist I've ever probably been in Australia yet, and I'm dressed as a hippie." "[club music]" "Me and Holly are about to reveal the fact that we're massive fucking bitches." "We're now having the best time on this trip with Scott and" "Gary, but we have been slagging them off a little bit and" "I'm fucking shitting' me self to tell them." "So the lasses are telling me that they've been slagging' me off behind me back." "Well then, go write in your fucking diary." "Everyone in the house slags me and Scott off." "It's no skin off my nose and I sill have a fucking mint time." "The lads totally take it on the chin." "All smiles, not even bothered." "I should slag them off a bit more then." "¶" "Cheers!" "We came to the conclusion if me and Scott pull, one's in the bedroom, one's on the sofa." "¶" "Gary and Scott are competing for the same lass." "This never goes well, and our trip was going sunny up until now." "¶" "I'm not intentionally trying to cock block, but for some reason she's just completely interested in my boobs, and I'm sorry but they are attention seekers." "They do just wanna come out sometimes." "¶" "Schnazenell." "This girl knows what's up." "Go on Gaz, you can bang her." "I've got this bird, I need to get back to that apartment, get in the double bed before Scott." "Fuck, not going on that sofa." "¶" "Charlotte is fucked." "What is going on with her?" "What's happened to her?" "She's gone." "¶" "I feel like going out as hippies, doesn't make a bloody difference." "You better get to bed and we're gonna put a blanket on you and then you'll go to sleep." "Me, Sophie, and Joe are making the best of a bad situation." "The others have fucked up and left us, and James has been kicked out." "But do we give a fuck?" "No, we fucking don't." "¶" "I've had so much fun, it was just such a laugh." "It was good for once, not to watch boys pulling', not to watch people arguing', not to watch people get jealous over people." "I don't want anyone to come back." "I can't be arsed for anymore arguing'." "All I want is peace." "For fuck's sake." "I don't even know where the anger stems from." "Like it just comes from nowhere." "One minute I'm so happy, and the next I'm a psycho." "[Holly screaming]" "Can I please come in, please?" "[Holly screaming]" "We realized that we've got to hang around and wait for the lads, and that irritates her." "Why should they think they're better than us?" "Why should they think we have to wait for them?" "That was horrible." "That was horrible." "Fucking pathetic." "Gary." "Gary." "[arguing]" "After all that graft Gaz put in, and his bird's ran away." "I wonder what the fuck he said to her." "Get Scott." "The fact of the matter is, the girls got off cause the lads were acting like twats." "I'm gonna pick you up, and we're going back to the car and we're going fucking home." "Go and fucking jump in that fence." "You're a fucking idiot." "I would love to tell you what's wrong with Holly." "I would love to pinpoint exactly what it is that makes her so completely irate at times, but the fact is, I can't because" "I'm not a licensed medical professional." "[Holly screaming]" "I don't care what you do." "[Holly screaming]" "Now our whole night is dedicated to getting Holly home and getting her in bed." "This singles' trip was not meant to be like this." "I don't care." "I honestly couldn't give a fuck." "Fine." "Idiot." "¶"
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Document style="helpdocument">
<p style="htitle">Obair</p>
<p style="hp">Solairidh daoine a bhios a' fuireach ann an còmhnaidh obair. Chleachdaidh a' mhòrchuid a raointean obair ach an obraich iad. Chan eil cuid a raointean a leithid carraighean feumach air obair ach fhad 's a thèid an togail.</p>
<p style="hp">'S urrainn dha mhargaidean obair a sholar nuair a bhios tu air margaid a thogail am fagas an raoin a bhios feumach air obair. Feumaidh a' mhargaid an obair fhaighinn o àite air choireigin co-dhiù 's tha dà dhòigh ann: air an dàrna làimh, ma tha còmhnaidh am fagas na margaid, solairidh e obair dhan mhargaid an coimeas ris an t-sluagh a bhios a' fuireach ann is na h-àireamh de mhargaidean a cho-roinneas an obair. 'S e giùlan a tha san dòigh eile. Ma tha barrachd obrach aig margaid na tha i feumach air, cuiridh i cuid dhiubh air a' ghiùlan. Gheibh margaid sam bith a bhios ceangailte ris a' ghiùlan traca, rathaid no rèile greim air an obair ma bhios i feumach oirre.</p>
<p style="hp">Ma dh'fhàsas magaid "làn" de dh'obair cha ghabh i rithe tuilleadh o chòmhnaidhean. Bidh daoine gun chosnadh ann nuair a thachras seo is gun mhargaid nach eil làn am fagas.</p>
<p style="hp">Cuiridh ionad-slàinte am fagas còmhnaidh ris an uiread de dh'obair a thèid a sholar do mhagaidean ionadail.</p>
<p style="hsubtitle">Faic cuideachd:</p>
<li><a href="commodities">Bathar-amh</a></li>
<li><a href="residential">Còmhnaidhean</a></li>
<li><a href="transport">Giùlan</a></li>
<li><a href="market">Margaid</a></li>
</Document>
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{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
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REVIEW | Last Gasp: Frank Oz’s “Death at a Funeral”
REVIEW | Last Gasp: Frank Oz's "Death at a Funeral"
“Death at a Funeral” is the kind of movie that inspires anticipatory eyeball-rolling–you feel like you’ve heard permutations of its punch lines in craftier incarnations numerous times before, even as it’s just getting going. This hunch was confirmed when I was cued to chortle mightily at the incongruous impropriety demonstrated when one of the characters screams out the car window after a driver cuts her off, “We’re on our way to a funeral, you wanker, don’t you have any respect?!”
Hewing closely to the preciously cheeky British comedy standard, director Frank Oz focuses on a family as they come to pay their last respects to the patriarch–a ritual, which, natch, devolves into a daffy, disastrous reunion, set amidst one of those outrageously picturesque, vine-covered English estates, the better for the requisite farcical slamming in and out of doors to take place.
The film’s cast of eccentrics (watch them work through their issues!) includes the two sons of the dead man, an aspiring writer named Daniel (Matthew Macfadyen) and successful author Robert (Rupert Graves); a lawyer (Alan Tudyk as a gleeful Simon) unhinged after having mistakenly ingested a hallucinogenic substance in lieu of valium, thoroughly spoiling his knickers-in-a-twist fiancee’s plan to impress her father; and Uncle Alfie (Peter Vaughn), a crotchety, cussing old man one’s expected to find absolutely adorable. The actors uniformly ape and exaggerate the tendencies of stock movie characters rather than root them in reality, so when a mysterious little man (Peter Dinklage, unable to work his charismatic magic under such constraints) with unknown relations to the deceased appears, and confronts Daniel with some photos establishing an affair with his father, you know it will only go downhill from here.
Trying too hard to hit its hijinks marks, “Death at a Funeral” hams up its homophobia in bids for bigger laughs as Daniel and Robert go to ridiculous lengths to cover up the shame of their father’s gay relationship. The cringeworthy conceit is compounded by maudlin showmanship when the entire trying day boils down–or builds up–to one incredibly reductive scene wherein Daniel (no, not literary lion Robert, as everyone had hoped) delivers the eulogy. Casting aside his index cards, he steps out from his brother’s long shadow and improvises what is meant to be taken as an eloquent oration (judging from approbatory reaction shots), though it dabbles in trite sentiment along the non-eureka lines of “the most important thing is to have tried.” Smugly believing itself edgy where it’s laughably fusty, bold and original where it’s insipid, this final send-off is a microcosmic display of what’s wrong with the whole damn thing.
[Kristi Mitsuda is a Reverse Shot staff writer and works at New York’s Film Forum.]
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{
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Indian markets shrug off Fed rate hike
Maintaining stability despite the bad news regarding the GST roll-out and Fed rate hike indicates that Indian markets are strengthening their foundations.
The Federal Reserve’s expected decision to raise the interest rates by 0.25% on Thursday did not unsettle the Indian stock markets to the extent expected. The Sensex — the pulse of the Bombay stock market — in fact, closed the day higher by about 300 points. The markets however, experienced some volatility on Friday. Nonetheless, “our markets have put up a brave front indicating the faith of investors in India’s strong fundamentals,” says Deepak Kapoor, financial analyst, ADC Legal. After confronting two negative news — the Fed’s rate hike and the deferment of the GST bill till June next year — which could have created a great deal of anxiety among investors, the Indian markets were at least able to stay firm. By absorbing the twin negatives, the Indian markets indicate that they are now strengthening their foundations which will hopefully culminate in a good climb-up in January next year. Kapoor is confident that among emerging economies, India, with its promising growth potential, would continue to be the bright spot.
The American Central Bank’s decision to hike the interest rate is based on the American economic recovery. This decision was expected to create turmoil in the emerging markets with investors pulling out their money from developing economies to park it safely in America. The Fed had also indicated that it would take into account the economic development elsewhere in other important economies before actually going in for further interest rate hike. Experts feel that such accommodation by the Fed would give stock markets in emerging economies the needed time to brace themselves for further hikes. Moreover, the economic stimulus being given by the rest of the world would continue to support Indian markets and the rupee. “The Indian rupee is expected to trade between 67 to 69 range against the dollar next year,” says Murthy Nagarajan, head fixed income, Quantum AMC.
Moreover, the recovery in the US market would be good news for India’s export sector with Indian IT companies experiencing a turnaround. The slowdown in much of the developed world had affected the earnings of Indian IT companies, most of which have a majority of their clients in America and Europe.
But many analysts advise investors to be cautious. Many fear volatility hitting Indian market as well. They say that Sensex losing about 300 points on Friday is an indication of expected volatility. But experts are also confident that any volatility in the Indian markets is expected to be short lived. “Going forward, Indian markets are expected to take a decisive turn and hopefully a better one,” says Kapoor.
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{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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Kent Trails
Kent Trails is a fifteen-mile rail trail in Kent County, Michigan that runs through the cities of Grand Rapids, Grandville, Walker, Wyoming and Byron Township
and is part of a network of trails in and around Grand Rapids. It runs north and south from John Ball Park in Grand Rapids to 84th Street in Byron Township, with an extension that runs east/west along 76th Street and north/south from 76th Street to Douglas Walker Park on 84th Street.
History
In June 2008, a new trail was built along the M-6 freeway that connects the Paul Henry Rail Trail and Thornapple Trails with Kent Trails.
In 2009, a six-mile stretch of the trail from Grand Rapids to Byron Township was repaved and widened from 8 feet to 10 feet. Three bridges along the trail were also replaced with new, wider bridges.
References
Category:Protected areas of Kent County, Michigan
Category:Rail trails in Michigan
Category:Transportation in Kent County, Michigan
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{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
}
|
Slabtown
Slabtown may refer to:
Places
United States
Slabtown, California
Slabtown, Atlanta, Georgia
Slabtown, Portland, Oregon
Homer, Indiana
Slabtown, Indiana
North Industry, Ohio
Slabtown, Pennsylvania
Slabtown, West Virginia
Slabtown, Wisconsin
Entertainment
The Slabtown District Convention, a one-act play written by African-American educator Nannie Helen Burroughs in the 1920s
Slabtown, an episode of the fifth season of The Walking Dead
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{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
}
|
Article content
DETROIT — Ottawa hockey fans can breathe a sigh of relief.
Thomas Chabot wasn’t on the ice Wednesday at the Little Caesars Arena for the club’s optional skate, but he told reporters he’ll skate Thursday and he’ll suit up here Friday against the Red Wings after blocking a shot late in the club’s 3-1 loss to the Nashville Predators on Tuesday.
We apologize, but this video has failed to load.
tap here to see other videos from our team. Try refreshing your browser, or Exhale, Senators fans: Thomas Chabot OK after blocking shot Back to video
There was a bit of concern among the fan base after Chabot was seen in discomfort after stopping a shot from Ryan Ellis with his left hand late in the game with the Ottawa net empty.
“It’s a little sore,” Chabot said Wednesday. “I got slashed a little bit and then I got the puck on the same finger, but everything is good. It’s just sore a little bit, nothing’s broken, nothing’s bad and it should be fine.”
Photo by Claus Andersen / Getty Images
That one was of the most noticeable, but Chabot, the club’s leading scorer with eight goals and 33 points in 32 games, had eight blocked shots in the game. That’s an area he is trying to improve and he has 63 this year.
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|
Q:
Does a "body-only" DSLR need a lens added before use?
What does it mean for a DSLR camera to be described as "body-only"? I found one advertised for sale that was described as such, and I don't know if I'll need to add a lens. I assume that it means either that the camera is used without attaching an external lens, or that the camera is sold without a lens but and will need to have one added.
If it needs no additional lens, like a regular digital camera, what is its focal length likely to be?
A:
You need a lens. It's probably possible to persuade the camera to expose the sensor without a lens on it, but nothing would be in any sort of focus whatsoever.
As an aside, if you're asking this kind of basic question about cameras, I'd question whether a full-frame SLR like the D750 is the right choice. You'll end up spending a lot more on your equipment (potentially 3x as much) for a relatively small change in the abilities of the system.
A:
Yes, it's possible to capture some kind of images without a lens, but it's not useful.
It's like a bike without tires. It's possible to use it to transport yourself some distance, but it's not anything that you would call riding a bike.
A:
Yes, you do need a lens. But for starting out, a simple, cheap one will do - and there is a healthy market for used lenses. The best choices would be either
a 50mm f/1.8 prime lens, often called "nifty fifty" because for technical reasons it is a very simple lens design that can be made very cheaply while still providing great quality. As a prime lens it has no zoom, but makes up for it with its large aperture that shines in low light conditions. It can be found used for under $100.
an 18-55mm kit lens - "kit lens" means it's one that is usually sold with a body, which means it's produced in very high numbers and gives good value for its (low) price. Unfortunately, full frame cameras like the D570 need FX lenses, and there aren't any really cheap FX kit lenses.
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{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
Motoring along the hyphae: molecular motors and the fungal cytoskeleton.
This review discusses molecular motors that use the microfilament and microtubule cytoskeletal systems in filamentous fungi. There has been an explosion in our knowledge of kinesins over the past year, because of the integration of genetic and biochemical data. The recognition of possible interactions between septation genes and cytokinesis has also advanced our understanding of microfilament-based cytoskeletal systems. We review recent findings on microfilament motors, including conventional and unconventional myosins, and the microtubule motors of the kinesin family and cytoplasmic dynein. The roles that these molecules play in hyphal morphogenesis and organelle transport provide an insight into cytoskeletal-based transport systems.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Q:
Angular4 Exclude Property from dirty check
I've implemented a custom form control via template driven forms which wraps an input in html and adds a label, etc. It talks to the form just fine with the 2way data binding on the ngModel. The problem is, the form is automatically marked as dirty when it is initialized. Is there a way to prevent this from happening so I can use those properties on the form and they will be accurate?
Custom selector (This works fine other than automatically being marked dirty):
<form class="custom-wrapper" #searchForm="ngForm">
{{searchForm.dirty}}
{{test}}
<custom-input name="testing" id="test" label="Hello" [(ngModel)]="test"></custom-input>
<pre>{{ searchForm.value | json }}</pre>
</form>
Custom input template:
<div class="custom-wrapper col-xs-12">
<div class="row input-row">
<div class="col-xs-3 col-md-4 no-padding" *ngIf="!NoLabel">
<label [innerText]="label" class="inputLabel"></label>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-9 col-md-8 no-padding">
<input pInput name="cust-input" [(ngModel)]="value" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
Custom Input Component:
import { ControlValueAccessor, NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR } from "@angular/forms";
import { Component, Input, forwardRef } from "@angular/core";
@Component({
selector: "custom-input",
template: require("./custom-input.component.html"),
providers: [
{
provide: NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR,
useExisting: forwardRef(() => QdxInputComponent),
multi: true
}
]
})
export class CustomInputComponent implements ControlValueAccessor {
@Input("value") _value = "";
get value() {
return this._value;
}
set value(val: string) {
this._value = val;
this.propagateChange(val);
}
@Input() noLabel: boolean = false;
@Input() label: string = "Label required";
propagateChange = (_: any) => {};
writeValue(value) {
if (value !== undefined) {
this.value = value;
}
}
registerOnChange(fn) {
this.propagateChange = fn;
}
registerOnTouched(fn) {}
}
A:
I solved that just with an attribute directive:
import { Directive } from '@angular/core';
import { NgControl } from '@angular/forms';
@Directive({
selector: '[ignoreDirty]'
})
export class IgnoreDirtyDirective {
constructor(private control: NgControl) {
this.control.valueChanges.subscribe(v => {
if (this.control.dirty) {
this.control.control.markAsPristine();
}
});
}
}
And you can use it in your code in a way like this:
<input ignoreDirty type="text" name="my-name" [(ngModel)]="myData">
A:
You propagate your change that is why it is marked dirty. Just adapt your writeValue function to not propagate the change because logically it should not create a change:
export class CustomInputComponent implements ControlValueAccessor {
@Input("value") _value = "";
get value() {
return this._value;
}
set value(val: string) {
this._value = val;
this.propagateChange(val);
}
@Input() noLabel: boolean = false;
@Input() label: string = "Label required";
propagateChange = (_: any) => {};
writeValue(value) {
if (value !== undefined) {
this._value = value;
}
}
registerOnChange(fn) {
this.propagateChange = fn;
}
registerOnTouched(fn) {}
}
Shortly: use this._value instead of this.value in your writeValue
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
name=Sewers of Estark
image=https://magiccards.info/scans/en/mbp/2.jpg
value=2.781
rarity=R
type=Instant
cost={2}{B}{B}
ability=Cast SN with AI only during combat.
timing=pump
oracle=Choose target creature. If it's attacking, it can't be blocked this turn. If it's blocking, prevent all combat damage that would be dealt this combat by it and each creature it's blocking.
requires_groovy_code
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
The Dallas Mavericks won’t have a draft pick in the first round of the 2019 NBA Draft, but could still add talent with the No. 37 selection.
When the Dallas Mavericks traded up for Luka Doncic in last year’s NBA Draft, they sent the Atlanta Hawks a top-five protected pick. That selection, the No. 10 pick in the 2019 NBA Draft, is now owned by the Hawks and means that the Mavs will only have a second round pick in this year’s draft.
Although the Mavs would’ve preferred to be picking in the top five of this year’s top-heavy draft, that pick fell to No. 10, they got a future star in Doncic and they’ll own their 2020 and 2022 first round picks. Another consolation is that Dallas was fortunate to draft point guard Jalen Brunson with the No. 33 pick last season, and could potentially find an equally talented player in the second round again.
Brunson won two national titles in three years at Villanova, and proved to have a big impact with the Mavericks. He averaged 9.3 points, 3.2 assists and 2.3 rebounds per game while shooting 34.8 percent from 3-point range in his rookie season.
Following the Dennis Smith Jr. trade to New York and J.J. Barea’s Achilles injury, Brunson began to play more and started 38 of the 72 games he appeared in. He had his best month in March, where he averaged 15.1 points, 4.3 assists and 3.1 rebounds per game on 52.7 percent shooting.
Brunson proved he can provide quality minutes off the bench and fill in as the starter alongside Doncic, who is the favorite for Rookie of the Year. With their second-rounder in this year’s draft, the Mavs could address one of many positional needs on the roster or add another immediate impact player that could fill in due to untimely injuries.
With Dirk Nowitzki’s retirement, Kristaps Porzingis recovering from a torn ACL and Dwight Powell opting out of his player option, the power forward position is looking thin. With Barea also coming back from a significant injury and the signing of targeted guards like Kemba Walker and Patrick Beverley being far from guaranteed, adding depth at the 1-spot also couldn’t hurt. Here are five players the Dallas Mavericks need to target with the No. 37 overall pick in the 2019 NBA Draft.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
Introduction
============
The study of manganite materials continues attracting considerable attention due to their potential technological applications and interesting physical properties dominated by its colossal magnetoresistance effect [@jin]. Ferromagnetism in models for manganites has been studied since the 1950s, and it is widely assumed that the Double-Exchange (DE) ideas are sufficient to understand the stabilization of a magnetic state at low-temperatures upon hole-doping the manganites [@zener]. The main reason for this stabilization is that the kinetic energy of the holes is substantially improved in a fully aligned spin background. These concepts are similar to those that lead to the well-known Nagaoka phase in the context of the $t-J$ model for the cuprates. However, experimental work has revealed a phase diagram for manganites that is far more complicated than simple DE models predict [@co]. In particular, at densities corresponding to the undoped compound (referred to as “half-filling” ($n=1$) in the language of the one-orbital model) an A-type antiferromagnet (AF) is stabilized. After a small amount of holes is introduced, some manganites enter a regime where ferromagnetic droplets have been recently observed [@hennion]. Upon further doping the DE ferromagnetic metallic regime is reached, including the widely studied $x \sim 1/3$ concentration. In the other limit of intermediate- and small-electron densities, a charge-ordered state is stabilized in $\rm Ca$-doped manganites [@co]. In addition, at densities corresponding to the DE ground state at low-temperatures, a metal-insulator transition occurs as the temperature is raised. This insulating state is likely responsible for the colossal magnetoresistance effects in manganites.
Recent work has initiated the computational analysis of models for these compounds [@yunoki; @dago; @yunoki2; @yunoki3], allowing for calculations that go beyond simple mean-field approximations. The techniques used for such computational studies are borrowed in part from the field of cuprates, where they were applied to the analysis of $t-J$-like models in recent years [@review]. The use of unbiased techniques in models for manganites has already led to a fairly good understanding of the zero temperature phase diagram of the so-called Ferromagnetic Kondo model (FKM) which is based on the assumption that only one $e_g$-orbital is relevant. Although Jahn-Teller (JT) effects cannot be neglected in a quantitative study of manganites [@millis], it is important to clarify the properties of this simplest one-orbital model before addressing more complicated two-orbital Hamiltonians with JT-phonons.
Following this computational approach, Yunoki et al. [@yunoki; @dago; @yunoki2] recently reported the phase diagram of the FKM addressing dimensions $D=1,2,3$ and $\infty$. The computational techniques used were the Monte Carlo method in $D=1,2,3$ with classical $t_{2g}$-spins, the dynamical mean-field approximation in $D=\infty$ [@furu], as well as the Exact Diagonalization (ED) and Density-Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) [@white] techniques in one dimension for quantum-mechanical localized $t_{2g}$-spins. The phase diagram was found to contain three dominant regimes: (i) a ferromagnetic phase induced by the DE mechanism, (ii) a spin incommensurate regime at intermediate and small Hund coupling [@inoue] predominantly due to the RKKY interaction, and (iii) a region of “phase separation” (PS) near density $n=1$ between ferromagnetic hole-rich and antiferromagnetic hole-undoped phases. The latter regime (PS) is unexpected since for a long time it has been assumed that the transition from the AF regime, characteristic of the undoped region, to the FM regime at $x \sim 1/3$ should occur through a spin-canted state [@gennes]. However, the results of Ref. [@yunoki] showed that this is incorrect and actually the transition from AF to FM occurs through the creation of “islands” of one phase embedded into the other, growing in size as the overall density changes. Work by other groups [@also] is in agreement with the main conclusions of Ref. [@yunoki]. Previous studies in 1D models also indicated the relevance of phase separation as one moves from copper to the left in the transition-metal row of the periodic table of elements [@riera].
On the experimental side, a growing body of evidence suggests that the transition from undoped $\rm LaMnO_3$ to the doped ferromagnetic compounds indeed occurs through an inhomogeneous process. For instance, the existence of quasi-static magnetic droplets at small hole-density in $\rm La_{1-x} Ca_x Mn O_3$ has recently been emphasized using elastic neutron scattering techniques at $x=0.05$ and $0.08$ below the critical temperature for the magnetic state [@hennion]. Phase separation using NMR techniques has also been observed for the same compound at low temperatures [@allodi]. Working at $x=1/3$ and at temperatures above the ferromagnetic critical temperature $T_c^{FM}$, neutron scattering experiments were interpreted as providing evidence for two distinct phases in the system [@lynn], while small-angle neutron scattering and magnetic susceptibility data suggested the presence of magnetic clusters ($\sim 12 \AA$ in size) in the same regime [@deteresa]. X-ray and powder neutron scattering methods applied to $\rm Pr_{0.7} Ca_{0.3} Mn O_3$ also revealed the existence of ferromagnetic clusters [@cox]. Neutron studies of $\rm La_{1-x} Sr_x Mn O_3$ at $x=0.10$ and $0.15$ were interpreted as corresponding to a polaron-ordered arrangement [@yamada]. Experimental studies of the 2D compound $\rm Sr_{2-x} La_x Mn O_4$ at small electronic density have also been considered as evidence of phase separation in manganites [@bao]. Many other papers have reported results compatible with charge segregation tendencies at temperatures and densities that surround the low-temperature ferromagnetic phase of the manganites [@otroexp; @perring; @otro].
This interesting agreement between theory and experiments reinforces the notion that simple electronic models for manganites with a strong Hund-coupling may contain the essence of the physics needed to describe these materials. However, to confirm this assumption it is important to proceed further with the computational calculations in two main directions: (i) first, the influence of Jahn-Teller phonons and the use of two $e_g$-orbitals is important for a qualitative comparison theory-experiment. An effort in this direction has been recently reported by two of the authors and A. Moreo [@yunoki3]. The existence of PS with JT-phonons was confirmed, including a tendency to a novel “orbital” phase separation regime [@yunoki3]. PS tendencies were found to be as robust in the phase diagram as in the case of a one-orbital Kondo model. This shows that studies of one-orbital Hamiltonians can capture at least part of the physics of more sophisticated multi-orbital models for manganites; (ii) second, Coulomb interactions beyond the on-site term are important to avoid the accumulation of charge suggested by the phase separation process described in Ref. [@yunoki]. It is likely that in the region of “unstable” densities the large clusters of the hole-rich ferromagnetic phase will be divided into small clusters due to this Coulomb repulsion. Actually previous work in the context of the cuprates has shown the tendency to form extended charge-ordered structures [@emery] once a long-range Coulomb interaction is added to a phase separated state.
It is precisely one of the purposes of the present paper to study the influence of Coulomb interactions beyond the on-site $U$-term on a model for manganites that has the tendency to phase separate in its ground state. The selection of the model for the present investigation is important for technical reasons. The Ferromagnetic Kondo model with classical $t_{2g}$-spins analyzed in Ref. [@yunoki] is difficult to study with Coulomb interactions since in this case the Monte Carlo method will need the addition of Hubbard-Stratonovich (HS) degrees of freedom to decouple the four-fermion terms in the Hamiltonian. In addition to the intrinsic complexity of this procedure, the HS decoupling will lead to “sign-problems” [@review] that likely will prevent the study of low-temperature properties. To complicate matters even more, techniques that deal directly with the Hilbert space of the problem, such as ED and DMRG, cannot be easily applied to a model with classical spins. Then, in order to analyze the influence of intersite Coulomb terms it would be better to use $quantum$ $t_{2g}$-spins and ED or DMRG methods for their analysis. In this context there are no “sign-problems”. However, the huge Hilbert spaces that need to be studied in finite size chains impose constraints on the value of the quantum localized spins $S$. In order to carry out a study on a cluster large enough to reach bulk properties $S$ must be restricted to $1/2$, rather than the $3/2$ realistic value corresponding to manganites [@zang]. Previous calculations [@dago] have shown that qualitatively $S=1/2$, $3/2$ and $\infty$ (classical spins) give very similar phase diagrams in the absence of Coulomb interactions, and there is no reason to expect that this situation will change when these interactions are added. In addition, again due to the large size of the Hilbert spaces involved in the problem our analysis must be restricted to one-dimensional systems. Previous work has shown the existence of many similarities between the results obtained in all dimensions [@yunoki] including $1$. Thus, the restriction of working on chains should not be considered severe, and the analysis below is expected to capture the main qualitative aspects of the problem under investigation.
Note that calculations using $S=1/2$ localized spins on chains have relevance not only in the context of manganites but also for recently synthesized one-dimensional materials such as ${\rm Y_{2-x} Ca_x Ba Ni O_5}$ which have two active electrons per Ni-ion. This compound has been studied experimentally [@batlogg] and theoretically [@nio], and upon doping interesting properties have been observed including a metal-insulator transition.
To facilitate the understanding of the main results of this paper the phase diagram in one-dimension of the Ferromagnetic Kondo model (without Coulombic interactions and using localized $S=1/2$ spins) is reproduced in Fig.1 from Ref. [@dago]. As explained before, three main regimes were found using ED and DMRG techniques. The region labeled FM corresponds to saturated ferromagnetism (the ground state spin is maximized). The IC regime suggests the existence of incommensurate spin correlations, at least of short-range, and it manifests itself through the behavior of the spin structure factor $S(k)$ which has a peak that moves away from $k=\pi$ as holes are added to the “half-filled” system. Finally, the regime labeled PS corresponds to phase separation which was studied calculating the density $ n $ vs the chemical potential $\mu$, as well as the inverse compressibility, searching for unstable densities [@dago].
The goal of the present manuscript is to analyze how the phase diagram of Fig.1 changes when Coulomb interactions are added to the one-orbital Kondo model. The organization of the paper is as follows. In section II the details of the model, technique, and calculated observables are given. In Sec. III the phase diagram is constructed when a nonzero on-site repulsion is considered, but without including nearest-neighbor Coulomb interactions. In Sec.IV these longer-range interactions are added. The tendency to form charge-ordered states (at least at short distances) reported in this section is the main result of this paper. Implications for experiments are discussed in the conclusions (Sec.V).
Model and Computational Technique
=================================
As explained in the Introduction, the model used in the present study is the one-orbital Ferromagnetic Kondo model with localized (spin-1/2) degrees of freedom that mimic the effect of the $t_{2g}$-electrons. Coulomb interactions in the $e_g$-band are also incorporated in the model. The Hamiltonian defined on a chain with $L$ sites is $$H = -t \sum_{{\langle ij \rangle}\sigma} ( c^\dagger_{i \sigma} c_{j
\sigma} + h.c.) - J_H \sum_i { {{\bf S}_{if}}\cdot{{\bf s}_{ic}} } +~~~$$ $$~~+ J' \sum_{\langle i j \rangle} { {{\bf S}_{if}}\cdot{{\bf S}_{jf}} }
+ U \sum_i n_{i \uparrow} n_{i \downarrow} + V \sum_{\langle i j
\rangle} n_i n_j.
\eqno(1)$$ The first term is the electron-transfer between Mn-ions. $\langle ij \rangle$ denotes nearest-neighbor sites and $t$ is the hopping amplitude that will be set to 1 in most of the manuscript. In the second term, $J_H>0$ is the ferromagnetic Hund-coupling. The spin-1/2 operator for the conduction electron is defined as $
{\bf s}_{ic} = \sum_{\alpha \beta} c^\dagger_{i \alpha} {\bf \sigma}_{\alpha
\beta} c_{i \beta},
$ while ${\bf S}_{if}$ represents a localized spin-1/2 at site $i$. A strong Hund-coupling will be used throughout the paper, and its value will be fixed to $J_H = 40$, in units of $t$, unless otherwise stated. $J'$ is the strength of a direct Heisenberg coupling between the localized spins. This term is needed on phenomenological grounds since in fully doped manganites (e.g. when all $\rm La$ has been replaced by $\rm Ca$) a finite Néel temperature is experimentally observed. $U$ is the strength of the on-site electronic repulsion, with $n_{i \sigma}$ the number operator at site $i$ with spin $\sigma$. $V$ regulates the Coulomb repulsion at a distance of one lattice spacing. The rest of the notation in Eq.(1) is standard.
The technique used in this paper to analyze ground state properties of the Hamiltonian Eq.(1) in one-dimension is the DMRG method. The finite-system variation of DMRG was used, working with open boundary conditions [@comm101]. All results were obtained keeping a number of states $m=100$ in the iterations, with the exception of densities $n=1$ and $0$ where a smaller number of states produced accurate enough results. With this value of $m$ a truncation error of order $10^{-6}$ or smaller was obtained throughout the results shown in the next sections.
In order to characterize the ground state properties of Eq.(1), a variety of expectation values have been calculated. The spin structure-factor defined as $$S(k) = {{1}\over{L}}\sum_{j,m} \langle { {{\bf S}_{jf}}\cdot{{\bf
S}_{mf}} } \rangle e^{i(j-m)k},
\eqno(2)$$ and the charge structure-factor $$N(k) = {{1}\over{L}}\sum_{j,m} \langle n_j n_m \rangle e^{i(j-m)k},
\eqno(3)$$ are among the measured quantities. In addition, the inverse compressibility defined as $$1/\kappa = {{N^2}\over{4L}} [ E(N+2,L) + E(N-2,L) - 2E(N,L) ],
\eqno(4)$$ was also calculated. Here $E(N,L)$ is the ground state energy of a chain of $L$ sites with $N$ electrons, and density $n=N/L$. Finally, the charge correlation $C(i) = \langle n_{j} n_{m} \rangle - \langle n_j \rangle \langle n_m
\rangle$, where $i=| j -m|$, was studied in some special cases. Here the $\langle \rangle$ notation not only denotes expectation value in the ground state but it also indicates that for a given distance $i$ all possible pairs of sites $j,m$ of the cluster compatible with $i=|j-m|$ have been used. The reason is that open boundary conditions are needed in the DMRG technique and, thus, the correlations are different at, e.g., the center and near the chain end. Such an average procedure uses information from the whole chain, and in practice it produces smoothly changing results as the distance $i$ and the couplings are varied.
Results at $V=0$
=================
Let us begin the study for the case without a repulsion at a distance of one lattice-spacing (i.e. working at $V=0$). The results obtained here will be later compared with those of the following section for $V \neq 0$.
Zero on-site repulsion $U$
---------------------------
In Fig.2a, the inverse compressibility $1/\kappa$ is shown as a function of $n$, with both the on-site and intersite repulsions $U$ and $V$ equal to zero, in order to study the dependence of the results with $J'$. A similar analysis was carried out by Yunoki and Moreo [@yunoki2] but in the classical localized spin limit. This study found that $J'$ is an important parameter in determining the low-temperature properties of models for manganites. Fig.2a shows that $1/\kappa$ at $J'=0.04$ is small or even slightly negative both in the limits of small and large density, in good qualitative agreement with Ref. [@yunoki2]. For larger values of $J'$, Fig.2a suggests that the phase separation regime near $n=1$ is lost (i.e. all densities are stable), while the results close to $n\sim 0$ are only slightly affected. Then, in order to study the effect of a nearest-neighbor (NN) repulsion $V$ over a phase separated regime, relatively small values of $J'/t$ must be selected. Note that this is not a problem since experimental results have actually shown that $J' \sim 0.05$ in units of $t=0.2eV$ is a realistic value for the exchange coupling between the localized spins [@yunoki2; @perring]. Then, in the rest of the paper $J'=0.05$ will be used, unless otherwise stated.
Let us now analyze the behavior of the spin structure-factor $S(k)$ as a function of density. The results are shown in Fig.2b. As expected, in the limits $n=1$ and $0$ a clear signal for strong antiferromagnetic correlations is observed since $S(k)$ is peaked at $k=\pi$ [@comment99]. In the intermediate regime where double-exchange tendencies leads to a ferromagnetic ground state, $S(k)$ is maximized at $k=0$ also as expected based on previous literature. The most interesting results in this context arise close to $n=1$ and also $0$. In this regime, $S(k)$ has important weight $both$ at $k=0$ and $\pi$ signaling the coexistence of FM and AF domains as expected in a phase-separated regime. This is in agreement with the previous work reported in Ref. [@yunoki], with the discussion in the Introduction, and with the inverse compressibility data shown in Fig.2a. Note that the densities $n$ that correspond to the phase separation regime can be studied in detail since the analysis presented here is in the $canonical$-ensemble formalism. If a grand-canonical approach would be used, as in Ref. [@yunoki], then the regimes $n \sim 0.1$ and $\sim 0.9$ would not be reachable.
Non-zero on-site repulsion $U$
------------------------------
For the Hund-coupling used throughout this paper, moderate values of the on-site Coulomb interaction $U$ are not expected to play an important role since double occupancy is naturally suppressed by a large $J_H$. To illustrate this statement, in Fig.3 the inverse compressibility is shown at $n=0.9$, namely in a regime with phase separation at $U=V=0$, as discussed in the previous subsection. When $U$ is switched on and increased to a large value in units of the hopping amplitude ($U=16$), the plots of $1/\kappa$ vs $J'$ change only slightly. As a consequence, in the rest of the paper $U$ will be fixed to $16$ to avoid the proliferation of free parameters. The conclusions of our paper are not expected to change as long as $J_H$ and $U$ are the largest scales in the problem.
The compressibility at $V=0$ and $U=16$ as a function of $n$ is shown in Fig.4a. It is clear that both at small and large $n$, this quantity is either $\sim 0$ or negative signaling the instability of the ground state towards the formation of two different phases. In between, where the system is expected to be ferromagnetic, the ground state is stable. In Fig.4b the spin structure factor $S(k)$ is shown to illustrate the coexistence of FM and AF features in the ground state of the “unstable” regime. This occurs at $n=0.85$ where peaks at both $k=0$ and $\pi$ are observed. In the other cases, $n=1$ and $0.75$, there is only one dominant peak at the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic locations, respectively.
To further confirm if at small and large $n$ phase separation is indeed observed, the on-site densities $\langle n_i \rangle$ (expectation value in the ground state of the local density operator) have also been monitored. Note here that the DMRG method works using open boundary conditions and, as a consequence, the on-site density changes from site to site. In Fig.5a results at $n=0.75$, where the compressibility is positive and $S(k)$ peaks at $k=0$, show that aside from a boundary effect involving about 3 sites at each chain-end the local density only slightly Friedel oscillates around the global density. On the other hand, in the presumed to be phase-separated regime the local density changes substantially as a function of the site position $i$. Most of the holes are near the boundary and the local density changes abruptly between two values, which are the extreme stable densities $\sim 0.75$ and $\sim 1$ as expected. Also the charge structure factor $N(k)$ (Fig.5b) has the characteristics corresponding to phase separation, namely at $n=0.75$ it behaves as a non-interacting spinless fermionic system due to the ferromagnetic character of the ground state, while at $n=0.85$ it develops structure at small wavenumbers related with the inhomogeneous distributions of charge.
In short, the results of this subsection have shown that the Kondo model with localized $S=1/2$ spins, and with the addition of a $J'$-coupling among them, has a qualitative phase diagram similar to the results presented before in the classical limit for the $t_{2g}$-spins in Refs. [@yunoki; @yunoki2]. This conclusion does not change even if an on-site repulsion $U$ of moderate strength is incorporated in the problem. Then, the present analysis have allowed us to fix the parameters $J_H,U,J'$ such that the physics under investigation, focussed on phase separation and ferromagnetism, is realized in the ground state of the model Eq.(1). Thus, the problem is now ready for the analysis of the influence of $V$ on the phase diagram.
Results Including a Repulsion $V$
=================================
Influence of $V$ on the phase separated regime
-----------------------------------------------
The $V$-term will now be switched on at a density such that phase separation occurs in the ground state. In Fig.6a the inverse compressibility is shown as a function of $V$ using a 40-sites chain. The results show that the unstable region observed at $V=0$ in the previous section now becomes stable when $V > 0.5$. Then, in agreement with the introductory discussion, phase separation is severely affected by Coulombic interactions beyond the on-site term. However, here it is interesting to observe that vestiges of phase separation survive even up to large couplings $V$. For instance, consider $S(k)$ which is shown in Fig.6b. At $V=1$, a double-peaked structure is observed, as it occurs at $V=0$, but now with maxima deviated from $0$ and $\pi$ forming incommensurate structure. Results at other values of $V >1$ (not shown) are very similar to those at $V=1$. Then, the ground state properties do not seem to change abruptly with $V$ but smoothly. Even ground states that have been stabilized by the Coulomb interaction in this regime contain a spin structure-factor with remnants of FM and AF domains. It is only the macroscopic accumulation of charge that is penalized by $V$.
In Fig.7a the local density is shown for the case of 6 holes on a 40-site chain. The accumulation of charge near the boundary characteristic of phase separation at $V=0$ is replaced by a fairly clear periodic distribution of charge at $V=4$. This occurs not only at $V=4$ but in a wide range of couplings. The replacement of phase separation by a state with charge-ordering tendencies was expected based on the discussion given in the Introduction. The density where the “holes” are mostly located is close to $0.7$. There is no clustering of charge at large $V$. From Fig.7b it can be observed that the charge structure-factor $N(k)$ at $V=4$ develops a very sharp peak at $k=2\pi n$ due to the periodic arrangement of charge in the ground state. It is interesting to notice that the positions where the “holes” are in Fig.7a ($V=4$) are actually made out of four sites instead of one. Then, the holes are not fully static but they have some mobility, and it is natural that to enhance this mobility the spins must be aligned. Then, the large FM regions at small $V$ in the regime of phase separation are now replaced by periodically distributed small regions resembling magneto-polarons. This is among the most important results discussed in this paper.
Influence of $V$ on the ferromagnetic regime
--------------------------------------------
After analyzing in the previous subsection the influence of $V$ on the properties of a phase-separated ground state near $n=1$, let us study what occurs when a NN-Coulomb interaction is switched on in a fully ferromagnetic ground state. Such a state can be easily obtained in the present model Eq.(1) simply using a density, e.g., $n=0.6$ where the double-exchange ideas are operative. The results for $S(k)$ are shown in Fig.8a. While at $V=1$ (and smaller values) the peak at $k=0$ characteristic of ferromagnetism remains strong, at $V=8$ it has reduced substantially its intensity and moved slightly from $k=0$. At $V=12$ a very broad peak is the only remnant of the ferromagnetic structure at small $V$.
To understand the reason for the complicated behavior of $S(k)$, the local density at $n=0.6$ is shown in Fig.8b. At $V=0$ it is almost uniform as expected in a ferromagnetic state. However, at $V=8$ a charge-ordered pattern is observed at $k=2 \pi n$. This is in agreement with the previously discussed results at $n=0.85$ which showed a similar tendency. However, note that now most minima in the local density involves only one site, instead of four as in Fig.7a. For this lattice and number of electrons (12 of them on a 20-site chain), the charges cannot arrange themselves in a periodic structure, causing the incommensurate-like peak in $S(k)$ at $V=8$. The replacement of a metallic FM state by a state with charge-ordering tendencies is also clear in Fig.9a where $N(k)$ is shown. At $V=8$ a large peak is observed. Also the real-space density-density correlations $C(i)$ shown in Fig.9b (for its definition see Sec.II) indicate strong effects in the charge sector at short distances: while at $V=0$ these correlations are not negligible only at distances $i=0$ and $1$, at $V=8$ the same correlations have been enhanced and they are now robust also at distances 2 and 3.
Working at exactly $n=0.5$ the incommensurate structures observed at $n=0.6$ should disappear. In Fig.10a the local density is shown for a 20-site cluster and several values of $V$. At $V=0$ the density is exactly uniform for symmetry reasons, but as soon as $V$ is switched on a charge-ordered pattern clearly emerges. At this density a soliton at the center of the chain appears justifying the reduction in $\langle n_i
\rangle$ towards that center. $N(k)$ in Fig.10b also presents a clear peak at $k=\pi$ which grows with $V$, in agreement with the previous discussion. Then, from the analysis of the densities $n=0.6$ and $0.5$ it is concluded that a tendency to charge ordering, at least at short-distances, is obtained once an intersite Coulomb interaction $V$ is introduced in a fully ferromagnetic state. This state (which here is referred to as charge-ordered (CO) for simplicity although the large distance behavior is difficult to analyze) occurs $within$ the ferromagnetic phase i.e. through a calculation of $S(k)$ the spins were found to be fully polarized unless $V$ reaches larger values than those shown in Fig10a-b. A similar result was reported in Ref. [@shen] using a path-integral approach.
In order to monitor the development of charge correlations in the ground state the mean value of $n_{cd} = \sum_{i=odd} ( n_i - n_{i+1} )$ has been studied before in other models [@mutou]. Its expectation value should be zero in a metallic state, but nonzero in a system with charge order. Results for a chain of 20 sites are shown in Fig.11a. Although nonzero for all values of $V \neq 0$, this result suggests only a tendency towards the formation of a charge-ordered state. For a proper analysis of the critical $V$ leading to charge ordering a careful finite-size study is needed, beyond the scope (and numerical accuracy) of the present paper. However, in order to gain at least some insight from the 20-site cluster, the first derivative of $n_{cd}$ with respect to $V$ is shown in the inset of Fig.11a. Previous calculations studying variations around the $t-J$ model showed [@mutou] that the critical point is located at the inflection point of the $n_{cd}$ vs $V$ curve. The calculation shown in Fig.11a suggests that the critical coupling is roughly estimated to be at $V_c \sim 2$, which is in good agreement with the critical coupling corresponding to a model of spinless fermions with NN repulsion [@luther]. The charge gap $\Delta_c(N,L) = E(N+2,L) + E(N-2,L) -2E(N,L) = {{4L}/{N^2 \kappa}}$ was also studied (Fig.11b). The second derivative of this quantity with respect to $V$ is also peaked around $\sim 2$, as in the case of $dn_{cd}/dV$. Then, this (rough) analysis suggests that a critical coupling $V_c \sim 2$ separates two ferromagnetic regions, one charge-disordered and the other with at least short-distance charge-ordering tendencies. However, further work is needed to establish $V_c$ more accurately.
Phase Separation in the Small Electronic Density Region
=======================================================
In the low $e_g$-density region, a nearest-neighbor repulsion is not expected to affect the ground state properties substantially since the mean distance between electrons is large. Coulombic interactions at distances larger than one lattice spacing would be more important in this regime (but they are difficult to study with the DMRG method). To verify that indeed $V$ is not playing an important role at small $ n $, in Fig.12a the inverse compressibility is shown for three values of $V$. While phase separation at large density $n \sim 1$ is affected by $V$ (as discussed in previous sections) and $\kappa$ changes substantially at intermediate densities, the results at low density $ n \leq 0.20$ are almost $V$-independent.
Let us investigate the properties of the phase-separated regime at small $ n $ and $V=0$. The results for the spin structure factor are shown in Fig.12b. At $n=0.20$, a clear signal of ferromagnetism is observed, with $1/\kappa$ being slightly positive (stable). However, at $n=0.10$ and $0.05$ a coexistence of weight both at $k=0$ and $\pi$ appears, signaling the expected regime that separates (i) electron-rich spin-ferro and (ii) electron-undoped spin-antiferromagnetic states. The presence of PS can also be inferred from the local density $\langle n_i \rangle$ shown in Fig.13a. At the stable density $n=0.25$, and leaving aside boundary effects involving about three sites at each end, the density presents Friedel oscillations around the density $n$ (actually the results at this density could have been obtained directly from those of Fig.5a at $n=0.75$ since in the fully spin-aligned state low- and high-densities are exactly related by symmetry). However, at $n=0.10$ the 4 electrons present in the $L=40$ system accumulate at the center, leaving about 10 sites (a quarter of the lattice) virtually empty on each end of the chain. This is the way in which phase separation seems to manifest itself when clusters with open boundary conditions are used. The central cluster of electrons (which has $n \sim 0.2$, i.e. the lower limit of the densities which are stable according to Fig.12a) was found to be spin ferromagnetic as expected. Finally, to further confirm that $V$ does not influence severely on the low-density regime, in Fig.13b $S(k)$ is shown now at $V=8$ for two densities. If $n=0.20$, the system is ferromagnetic, while for $n=0.10$, once again a coexistence of FM and AF features is observed, as in the absence of the intersite Coulomb interaction.
Conclusions
===========
In this paper the influence of a nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion $V$ between $e_g$-electrons was studied using the Ferromagnetic Kondo model. The main goal of the paper was to analyze the evolution with $V$ of the ground states in the regimes of (i) the recently computationally discovered phase-separation [@yunoki; @dago; @yunoki2] and (ii) with ferromagnetism induced by the double-exchange mechanism. Spin and charge correlations were studied in detail. The computational work using DMRG was made possible by restricting the spatial dimension to 1, the localized spin value to 1/2, and using only one-orbital per site. These limitations prevent us from making detailed quantitative statements about the effect of Coulomb interactions on real manganite compounds. Actually it is unrealistic to expect that accurate numerical work will be possible in the near future for large enough clusters in dimensions larger than one, considering the Coulombic interactions included here. However, several qualitative features have emerged that seem robust enough to survive an increase in dimensionality.
The overall phase diagram in the $V$-$n$ plane found in this study is presented in Fig.14. In the limit $V=0$, two regimes of phase separation were observed near $n=1$ (PS1) and $0$ (PS2) (in excellent agreement with Ref. [@yunoki2]). In between, a robust ferromagnetic phase was observed with no indications of strong charge ordering tendencies. However, when the Coulomb repulsion $V$ is included in the calculation the PS1 regime rapidly becomes unstable due to the expected energy penalization caused by the charge difference between the two competing phases. At these densities, the $V$-term induces a regular arrangement of charge which resembles a polaron lattice. Each hole is spread over four lattice sites in the regime of parameters investigated in Fig.7a. This picture gives support to the intuitive notion that visualizes a phase separated state with extended Coulomb interactions included as a collection of small “islands” of one phase embedded into the other. This results is in good agreement with a large body of experimental work in manganites [@hennion; @allodi; @lynn; @deteresa; @cox; @yamada; @bao; @otroexp; @perring]. Vestiges of the phase separated regime are observed in the spin structure factor which has weak incommensurate-like peaks both near $k=\pi$ and $0$. In the other extreme of low electronic density, PS2 is not affected by $V$ since the mean distance between carriers is large at low density. Then, here phase separation persists up to large values of $V$. Presumably longer-range Coulombic terms are needed to melt this regime, and induce the charge-ordered pattern found in experiments for manganites.
Another of the main results of the paper is the stabilization by NN-Coulomb interactions of a ferromagnetic state with charge periodically distributed at least at short-distances. This state is expected to be an insulator but a calculation of the Drude weight is needed to confirm this conjecture. This occurs in the vicinity of $n=0.5$ (Fig.14). The electrons gain kinetic energy by keeping the spin background fully polarized and they avoid the Coulomb repulsion by forming a charge pattern which is approximately periodic. For $n \neq 0.5$, the charge structure-factor peaks away from $k=\pi$, signaling a (natural) tendency to form incommensurate charge arrangements, but its strength is weaker than at $n=0.5$. Then, the present calculation suggests that the ferromagnetic phase of the manganites may coexist with charge ordering tendencies which are maximized at $n=0.5$. Likely these tendencies are more dynamic than static. Note that recent experimental results by C. H. Chen and S-W. Cheong (Ref. [@chen]) have reported the existence of weakly incommensurate charge ordering in $\rm La_{0.5} Ca_{0.5} Mn O_3$ using electron diffraction techniques. Our results suggest that this phenomenon may originate on the influence of NN-Coulomb interactions on double-exchange induced ferromagnetic phases of the manganites.
acknowledgments
===============
A. L. M. acknowledges the financial support of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-Brazil), as well as partial support from the NHMFL In-House Research Program, supported under grant DMR-9527035. S. Y. and E. D. are supported by the NSF grant DMR-9520776.
S. Jin, et al., Science [**264**]{}, 413 (1994), and references therein. See also J. M. D. Coey, M. Viret, and S. von Molnar, [*Mixed Valence Manganites*]{}, Adv. Phys. 1998, in press.
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M. Hennion et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. [**81**]{}, 1957 (1998).
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S. Yunoki and A. Moreo, Phys. Rev. B [**58**]{}, 6403 (1998).
S. Yunoki, A. Moreo, and E. Dagotto, cond-mat/9807149, preprint, and references therein.
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A. J. Millis, P. B. Littlewood, and B. I. Shraiman, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**74**]{}, 5144 (1995); H. Röder, J. Zang and A. R. Bishop, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**76**]{}, 1356 (1996); A. J. Millis, B. Shraiman and R. Mueller, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**77**]{}, 175 (1996).
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E. L. Nagaev, Phys. Status Solidi (b) [**186**]{}, 9 (1994); D. Arovas and F. Guinea, cond-mat/9711145; M. Yu. Kagan, et al., cond-mat/9804213; M. Yamanaka, W. Koshibae, and S. Maekawa, cond-mat/9807173.
J. Riera, K. Hallberg and E. Dagotto, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**79**]{}, 713 (1997).
G. Allodi et al., Phys. Rev. [**B 56**]{}, 6036 (1997); Phys. Rev. [**B 57**]{}, 1024 (1998).
J. W. Lynn et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. [**76**]{}, 4046 (1996).
J. M. De Teresa et al., Nature (London) [**386**]{}, 256 (1997). See also J. B. Goodenough and J.-S. Zhou, Nature (London) [**386**]{}, 229 (1997).
D. E. Cox et al., Phys. Rev. [**B 57**]{}, 3305 (1998).
Y. Yamada et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. [**77**]{}, 904 (1996).
Wei Bao et al., Solid State Comm. [**98**]{}, 55 (1996).
J. J. Rhyne, H. Kaiser, H. Luo, Gang Xiao, and M. L. Gardel, J. Appl. Phys. [**93**]{}, 7339 (1998); M. Roy, J. F. Mitchell, A. P. Ramirez, and P. Schiffer, Phys. Rev. [**B 58**]{}, 5185 (1998); C. H. Booth, F. Bridges, G. H. Kwei, J. M. Lawrence, A. L. Cornelius, and J. J. Neumeier, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**80**]{}, 853 (1998); Phys. Rev. [**B 57**]{}, 10440 (1998); M. Jaime, P. Lin, M. B. Salamon, P. Dorsey, and M. Rubinstein, preprint; J.-S. Zhou and J. B. Goodenough, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**80**]{}, 2665 (1998); S. J. L. Billinge, R. G. DiFrancesco, G. H. Kwei, J. D. Thompson, M. F. Hundley, and J. Sarrao, proceedings of the workshop “Physics of Manganites”, Michigan State University, July 1988, Eds. T. Kaplan and S. D. Mahanti; M. R. Ibarra, G-M. Zhao, J. M. De Teresa, B. Garcia-Landa, Z. Arnold, C. Marquina, P. A. Algarabel, H. Keller, and C. Ritter, Phys. Rev. [**B 57**]{}, 7446 (1998); R. H. Heffner et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. [**77**]{}, 1869 (1996); H. L. Liu, S. L. Cooper, and S.-W. Cheong, preprint.
T. G. Perring et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. [**78**]{}, 3197 (1997).
In addition, J. Q. Li et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. [**79**]{}, 297 (1997) reported phase segregation in $\rm La_{1-x} Sr_x Fe O_3$.
V. J. Emery, and S. A. Kivelson, Physica [**C 209**]{}, 597 (1993); U. Löw, V. J. Emery, K. Fabricius, and S. A. Kivelson, Phys. Rev. Lett. [**72**]{}, 1918 (1994); S. Haas, E. Dagotto, A. Nazarenko, and J. Riera, Phys. Rev. [**B 51**]{}, 5989 (1995).
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The ground state was always assumed to be even under reflections with respect to the center of the chain.
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{
"pile_set_name": "ArXiv"
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It looks like wide receiver Evan Spencer has retired from football. The Tampa Bay Buccaneers placed him on the reserve/retired list, a few days after he was cut from the 53-man roster and re-signed to the practice squad.
Spencer was a sixth-round pick out of Ohio State for Washington in the 2015 NFL draft, but failed to make the team last year. He spent all of the past offseason with the Buccaneers and looked to have locked up a receiver spot pretty early in training camp. The Bucs decided they’d rather have veteran Cecil Shorts on the roster, though, and cut Spencer just a few days ago.
Spencer could come out of retirement at some point in the future, but it’s rare for a player to give up football and then return to it, though, especially a player who’s just on the margins of a team’s roster.
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Q:
How do I convince my colleagues not to implement IDisposable on everything?
I work on a project where there is a huge number of objects being instanced by a few classes that stay in memory for the lifetime of the application. There are a lot of memory leaks being caused with OutOfMemoryExceptions being thrown every now and again. It seems like after the instantiated objects ago out of scope, they are not being garbage collected.
I have isolated the problem to being mostly about the event handlers that are attached to the long-living object that are never detached, thus causing the long-living object to still have a reference to the out of scope objects, which then will never be garbage collected.
The solution that has been proposed by my colleagues is as follows: Implement IDisposable on all classes, across the board and in the Dispose method, null all the references in your objects and detach from all event that you attached to.
I believe this is a really really bad idea. Firstly because it's 'overkill' since the problem can be mostly solved by fixing a few problem areas and secondly because the purpose of IDisposable is to release any unmanaged resources your objects control, not because you don't trust the garbage collector. So far my arguments have fallen on deaf ears. How can I convince them that this is futile?
A:
By coincidence I just posted this comment elsewhere:
An reference to an object being
incorrectly retained is still a
resource leak. This is why GC programs
can still have leaks, usually due to
the Observer pattern - the observer is
on a list instead the observable and
never gets taken off it. Ultimately, a
remove is needed for every add, just
as a delete is needed for every new.
Exactly the same programming error,
causing exactly the same problem. A
"resource" is a really just a pair of
functions that have to be called an
equal number of times with
corresponding arguments, and a
"resource leak" is what happens when
you fail to do that.
And you say:
the purpose of IDisposable is to release any
Unmanaged resources your objects
controls
Now, the += and -= operators on an event are effectively a pair of functions that you have to call an equal number of times with corresponding arguments (the event/handler pair being the corresponding arguments).
Therefore they constitute a resource. And as they are not dealt with (or "managed") by the GC for you, it can be helpful to think of them as just another kind of unmanaged resource. As Jon Skeet points out in the comments, unmanaged usually has a specific meaning, but in the context of IDisposable I think it's helpful to broaden it to include anything resource-like that has to be "torn down" after it has been "built up".
So event detaching is a very good candidate for handling with IDisposable.
Of course, you need to call Dispose somewhere, and you don't need to implement it on every single object (just those with event relationships that need management).
Also, bear in mind that if a pair of objects are connected by an event, and you "cast them adrift", by losing all references to them in all other objects, they don't keep each other alive. GC doesn't use reference counting. Once an object (or island of objects) is unreachable, it is up for being collected.
You only have to worry about objects enlisted as event handlers with events on objects that live a long time. e.g. a static event such as AppDomain.UnhandledException, or events on your application's main window.
A:
Point them at Joe Duffy's post about IDisposable/finalizers - combined wisdom of many smart people.
I'm currently finding it hard to see a statement there saying "don't implement it when you don't need it" - but aside from anything else, showing them the complexity involved in implementing it properly may well help to dissuade them from it...
Unfortunately, if people won't listen, they won't listen. Try to get them to explain why they think they need IDisposable. Do they think the garbage collector doesn't work? Show them that it works. If you can convince them that it's doing no good (for most types) then surely they'll stop adding work for themselves...
As Brian says, implementing IDisposable isn't going to help with the event problem on its own - it needs to actually be called by something. Finalizers aren't going to help you in this case either. They really need to explicitly do something to remove the event handlers.
A:
Just implementing Dispose() across all types is not going to solve your problem. Remember that Dispose() is not automatically called and it has nothing to do with reclaiming managed memory. In order to have any effect of your Dispose() methods, you need to call it in all relevant place - either explicitly or via using.
In other words just implementing IDisposable all around will not magically solve your problems cause the Dispose() methods will not be called unless you also change the usage of every type in your code.
However, I would not recommend implementing IDisposable on all your types, simply because it makes no sense. The interface is used to indicate that the type in question uses some resource, which isn't handled by the garbage collector.
Event references are handled by the garbage collector. You just need to unsubscribe if your publisher lives significantly longer than your subscribers. Once the publisher dies the subscribers will die as well.
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Aerosol addiction.
A case of dependency on prescribed pressurised aerosols in a patient with asthma and mild mental handicap is reported. The majority of reported cases involve young asthmatics, abuse being reported mainly using salbutamol inhalers although other inhalers have also given cause for concern. The agent of addition is uncertain although it may be the fluorinated hydrocarbons used as propellants, rather than the active substance itself.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
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Photo credit: NewCaliforniaState.com
The founders of the state of New California read their own version of a Declaration of Independence and took the first steps to what they hope will eventually lead to a successful secession.
They are adamant that they are not seeking to leave the United States, only California. The founder of the movement is Robert Paul Preston. "Well, it’s been ungovernable for a long time. High taxes, education, you name it, and we’re rated around 48th or 50th from a business climate and standpoint in California," Preston said.
The proposed secession would include most of the state's rural counties but would leave the urban coastal counties to the old state of California. "There’s something wrong when you have a rural county such as this one, and you go down to Orange County which is mostly urban, and it has the same set of problems, and it happens because of how the state is being governed and taxed," Preston explained.
Preston says the difference between his movement and previous ones looking to separate is that the state of New California wants to do everything by the book. He cited Article 4, Section 3 of the US Constitution and how the movement is working with the state legislature to get it done much like West Virginia did.
"Yes. We have to demonstrate that we can govern ourselves before we are allowed to govern," said another of the movement's founders, Tom Reed. Despite the many obstacles in their path, the group is united in their dream of statehood.
The movement has organized its own committees and a council of county representatives. They expect to be ready to fully engage with the state legislature in around 10 to 18 months.
<i>On Twitter:</i>
<a href="https://twitter.com/ErvinProduction">@ErvinProduction</a>
Tips? Info? Send me a message!
Source: http://sacramento.cbslocal.com/2018/01/15/new-california-declares-independence-from-rest-of-state/
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UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
No. 04-7430
ROD TURNER,
Plaintiff - Appellant,
versus
GENE JOHNSON, Director, Virginia Department of
Corrections,
Defendant - Appellee.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western
District of Virginia, at Roanoke. Samuel G. Wilson, District
Judge. (CA-04-19)
Submitted: March 30, 2005 Decided: April 8, 2005
Before NIEMEYER and GREGORY, Circuit Judges, and HAMILTON, Senior
Circuit Judge.
Dismissed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
Rod Turner, Appellant Pro Se. Donald Eldridge Jeffrey, III, OFFICE
OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF VIRGINIA, Richmond, Virginia, for
Appellee.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
See Local Rule 36(c).
PER CURIAM:
Rod Turner, a state prisoner, seeks to appeal the
district court’s order denying relief on his 28 U.S.C. § 2254
(2000) petition. An appeal may not be taken from the final order
in a § 2254 proceeding unless a circuit justice or judge issues a
certificate of appealability. 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1) (2000). A
certificate of appealability will not issue for claims addressed by
a district court absent “a substantial showing of the denial of a
constitutional right.” 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2) (2000). A prisoner
satisfies this standard by demonstrating that reasonable jurists
would find both that his constitutional claims are debatable and
that any dispositive procedural rulings by the district court are
also debatable or wrong. See Miller-El v. Cockrell, 537 U.S. 322,
336 (2003); Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000); Rose v.
Lee, 252 F.3d 676, 683 (4th Cir. 2001). We have independently
reviewed the record and conclude that Turner has not made the
requisite showing. Accordingly, we deny the motion for a
certificate of appealability and dismiss the appeal. We dispense
with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are
adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument
would not aid the decisional process.
DISMISSED
- 2 -
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{
"pile_set_name": "FreeLaw"
}
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Registered Agents and Rectification of Registers
The BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 contains, at section 43, provision allowing any person who is aggrieved by an omission, inaccuracy or delay in the register of an issue or transfer of shares to apply to court for an order that the register be rectified. There has been a longstanding, albeit not universal, practice of adding the registered agent of the relevant company as a defendant to rectification proceedings brought under this section. The reason for this is that the directors and shareholders of British Virgin Islands ("BVI") business companies are typically outside the jurisdiction and obtaining an order against the registered agent within the jurisdiction has previously been seen as a useful shortcut, enabling the enforcement of any order for rectification without involving the company itself.
In a recent unreported decision, the Commercial Court Judge (Mr Justice Bannister QC) refused to make such an order and found that the registered agent should not have been made party to the rectification proceedings. In this case the claimant alleged that it held security over shares in the defendant company and that the security had become enforceable, entitling it to transfer the shares into its own name using the blank share transfer forms it held and (effectively, although the case was not put this way) become a mortgagee in possession. Before issuing proceedings the claimant had demanded that the registered agent give effect to the transfer. However, because there was a dispute between the company and its shareholder on the one hand, and the claimant on the other, about whether the security was enforceable, the company instructed the registered agent not to comply with the claimant's instruction.
Although the judge made a rectification order in the claimant's favour, he refused to make an order compelling the registered agent to update the register, and awarded the registered agent its costs of the proceedings.
The historic practice has been convenient for claimants but there is in truth no cause of action against the registered agent per se in a standard rectification action. If a company is ordered to rectify its register and then fails to comply with that order, the proper course is for the claimant to return to court for further relief against the company in order to enforce the order. Where an order that a document be executed has not been complied with, the West Indies Associated States Supreme Court Act allows the court to nominate a particular person to execute the document. This appears to be the most obvious way to enforce an order that a register of members be rectified. It remains to be seen who, practically speaking, the court would nominate and how the court's nominee would go about updating the register.
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{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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FYI
----- Forwarded by Mark E Haedicke/HOU/ECT on 10/11/2000 01:26 PM -----
"IssueAlert" <IssueAlert@scientech.com>
10/10/2000 06:32 AM
To:
cc:
Subject: PG&E's Rate Cap Proposal: Leading the Charge for Re-Regulation, or
Protecting Itself from Economic Disaster?
http://www.consultrci.com
************************************************************************
Miss last week? Catch up on the latest in the energy industry at:
http://www.consultrci.com/web/infostore.nsf/Products/IssuesWatch
************************************************************************
===============================================================
SCIENTECH IssueAlert, October 10, 2000
PG&E's Rate Cap Proposal: Leading the Charge for Re-Regulation, or Protecting
Itself from Economic Disaster?
By: Will McNamara, Director, Electric Industry Analysis
===============================================================
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. (PG&E), in filings with the California Public
Utilities Commission (CPUC) and California Independent System Operator
(Cal-ISO), has requested that a rate cap be placed on wholesale purchases
in the state. The utility is asking the CPUC to lower the current rate
cap from $250 per megawatt hour to $100, or 10 cents per kilowatt hour.
In seeking the rate cap, PG&E is joined by Edison International, the parent
company of Southern California Edison, and The Utility Action Network (TURN),
a ratepayer advocacy group.
ANALYSIS: The current rate cap of $250 per megawatt hour in the wholesale
market of California resulted from the price spikes experienced in San
Diego this summer. As San Diego Gas & Electric had paid off its stranded
costs, the retail rate freeze in its area was lifted and SDG&E customers
were exposed to market-based prices, which doubled and at times tripled
due to increased demand in the state and power supply concerns. PG&E
customers
were not exposed to the price spikes because, at the time, PG&E had not
paid off its own stranded costs and was still under a retail rate freeze.
Yet the company has felt the impact from the price spikes just the same.
PG&E buys a great deal of its power on the wholesale market, and as a result
is about $2.2 billion in debt (some figures suggest it is as high as $2.7
billion). Due to the retail rate freeze still in effect, PG&E has been
unable to pass this debt on to customers by raising its rates. In real
terms, PG&E was paying up to 19 cents per kilowatt hour on the wholesale
market this summer, when by law it was only allowed to charge its customers
on average 5 cents per kilowatt hour. In total, PG&E has paid about $2.7
billion more to suppliers than it can bill customers for, and this amount
is growing by hundreds of millions each month. This explains the utility's
motivation in wanting to see the CPUC further lower the cap on wholesale
rates in California.
However, even though PG&E as a whole is in debt, the utility*as well as
other divisions under parent company PG&E Corp.*is still making money off
deregulation in California. For instance, PG&E's Diablo Canyon nuclear
plant has been able to capitalize on the high value of power on the wholesale
market. The utility confirmed recently that altogether its power facilities*
the
ones left after the utility was forced to divest the bulk of its power
assets*still provide about $150 million a month to the utility. In addition,
PG&E Corp.'s unregulated energy commodity trading operation has been doing
very well. And the unregulated National Energy Group*which operates in
markets outside of California, such as Massachusetts, Rhode Island and
New Hampshire*posted a 233-percent profit increase for the second quarter.
Thus, it is important to note the distinction between PG&E and its parent,
PG&E Corp. Ironically, as a whole, PG&E Corp. has stated that it does not
support rate caps, and has opposed the issue when it has surfaced in other
states.
PG&E reported second-quarter earnings of $216 million on $2.3 billion in
revenue, representing a 26-percent increase over the same quarter last
year. Third quarter earnings also reportedly will be strong. This puts
PG&E in an awkward predicament. On one hand, PG&E wants to convince
shareholders
that the company is doing well and making money from the commodities that
it sells. On the other hand, PG&E is attempting to convince regulators
that it is losing money due to the high wholesale prices that it must pay
for power. In fairness, though, the revenue PG&E has earned cannot come
anywhere near to paying off the massive debt the company has accrued due
to its obligation of serving customers.
PG&E's rate freeze is scheduled to end March 31, 2002, at the very latest,
or sooner if it is determined that PG&E's stranded costs have been repaid,
something that utility executives say may already have taken place. Due
to higher-than-expected revenues and higher-than-market valuations of the
utility's assets, it may very well be the case that PG&E's stranded costs
are already paid off. When this is officially determined by the CPUC, PG&E
will argue that customers should be liable for some or all of the debt
it has assumed while the rate caps were in place. The CPUC has scheduled
a hearing to address these issues on Oct. 19. The core question of these
proceedings will be whether or not PG&E should be allowed to turn over
its debt to customers through rate increases once the rate freeze is lifted.
PG&E wants to be able to retroactively bill customers for its debt, based
on the date which the CPUC determines that PG&E had in fact paid off its
stranded costs, a point groups such as TURN will surely protest.
It may seem surprising that TURN was among the group with PG&E that filed
the petition to lower the rate cap on wholesale prices. Typically, TURN
and PG&E (along with most utilities) are at polar opposites regarding most
issues. However, both agree that wholesale rates are too high and want
to see a new cap put into place, but for completely different reasons.
TURN says that PG&E and other utilities took a risk when agreeing to the
rate freeze and they should not be allowed to pass debts that resulted
from that risk onto customers. TURN continues to retain a watch over the
proceedings related to PG&E's proposal, specifically with regard to the
possibility that the CPUC will allow the utility to raise rates on customers.
Within the course of these new developments, it's important to be clear
on PG&E's motivations. Some California lawmakers and consumer advocates
have called for a complete return to regulation, arguing that deregulation
in California has become a failed experiment. Many have surmised that PG&E's
proposal for wholesale caps is essentially a call to return California
to a regulated structure. I think this is a misinterpretation. PG&E has
very clearly stated that its proposal is a "necessary short-term step to
try to bring prices back in line." PG&E's efforts really shouldn't be viewed
as a move to return California to a regulated market. Rather, PG&E is merely
attempting to protect its own interests. The utility wants to secure
temporary
lower rates for the power it needs to buy on the wholesale market and
transfer
its debts to customers once the rate freeze is lifted. A return to regulation
via a permanent rate cap would not be in PG&E's best interests as it
continues
to sell power from its nuclear plant. In addition, PG&E probably recognizes
that regulation would discourage additional companies from building new
power plants in California, which would not be good for the long-term economy
of the state. This also would do little to lower wholesale prices in
California.
As we discovered this summer, the less supply, the higher the price for
power.
PG&E's proposal to lower rate caps on wholesale prices is, more than anything
else, an attempt to protect itself from what it perceives as disastrous
economic impact if it is not able to transfer its debt to customers. A
recent Wall Street Journal report inferred that if wholesale prices continue
to exceed what PG&E can charge customers, the utility could become
"technically
insolvent" sometime next year. It will be interesting to see if the CPUC
has the same perception when it evaluates PG&E's proposal later this month.
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|
{
"pile_set_name": "Enron Emails"
}
|
Recycled Robots
After Christmas, we began rummaging through our recycling bins at home to collect as much waste as possible. We brought it all into school and got creative with our findings. We worked in groups to design and make some robots and these are our finished products. We think they look like a little robot family.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Q:
NSTextCheckingResult for phone numbers
Can someone tell me why this evaluates every time to true?!
The input is: jkhkjhkj. It doesn't matter what I type into the phone field. It's every time true...
NSRange range = NSMakeRange (0, [phone length]);
NSTextCheckingResult *match = [NSTextCheckingResult phoneNumberCheckingResultWithRange:range phoneNumber:phone];
if ([match resultType] == NSTextCheckingTypePhoneNumber)
{
return YES;
}
else
{
return NO;
}
Here is the value of match:
(NSTextCheckingResult *) $4 = 0x0ab3ba30 <NSPhoneNumberCheckingResult: 0xab3ba30>{0, 8}{jkhkjhkj}
I was using RegEx and NSPredicate but I've read that since iOS4 it's recommended to use NSTextCheckingResult but I can't find any good tutorials or examples on this.
Thanks in advance!
A:
You are using the class incorrectly. NSTextCheckingResult is the result of a text checking that is done by NSDataDetector or NSRegularExpression. Use NSDataDetector instead:
NSError *error = NULL;
NSDataDetector *detector = [NSDataDetector dataDetectorWithTypes:NSTextCheckingTypePhoneNumber error:&error];
NSRange inputRange = NSMakeRange(0, [phone length]);
NSArray *matches = [detector matchesInString:phone options:0 range:inputRange];
// no match at all
if ([matches count] == 0) {
return NO;
}
// found match but we need to check if it matched the whole string
NSTextCheckingResult *result = (NSTextCheckingResult *)[matches objectAtIndex:0];
if ([result resultType] == NSTextCheckingTypePhoneNumber && result.range.location == inputRange.location && result.range.length == inputRange.length) {
// it matched the whole string
return YES;
}
else {
// it only matched partial string
return NO;
}
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
This invention relates to an electric heater for a foundry ladle and, more particularly, to apparatus for operating and controlling the same so as to protect the integrity of the electric heating means constituting the electric heater.
It is common practice in the foundry industry to preheat ladles prior to having the molten metal introduced therein. This preserves the ladle lining against possible fracture and also conserves the metal itself against premature solidification. The practice over the years has been to heat ladles by an open gas flame which not only has been wasteful of energy but dangerous to operating personnel. It was therefore desirable to provide an electrically powered heater for this purpose and one approach in the prior art is found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,090,054.
The mechanical arrangement and construction of the '054 patent produced certain disadvantages, notably in the failure of the insulation separating the electrical heaters from the transformer atop the lid which resulted in premature failure and breakdown of the apparatus. Also, the apparatus of the '054 patent was not particularly suited for use of silicon carbide electrical heaters which are preferred in the foundry industry because of their reliability and long life.
In particular, the silicon carbide electrical heaters although possessing the foregoing advantages, are characterized by the disadvantage of being extremely fragile. For example, an electric heater which has been in use for 1000 hours showed no signs of wear but when accidentially bumped against a rigid object, shattered into small pieces.
The fragility of the silicon carbide type of electric heater is not only affected by the handling thereof but also by the environment. For example, such electrical heaters are extremely sensitive to thermal shock--a quick cooling can cause the electrodes to shatter.
The instant invention utilizes the advantages of the silicon carbide type electric heater and, by providing a structural arrangement and operation of the associated mechanical and electrical control apparatus, avoids the disadvantages also outlined above. According to the invention, a frame provides a pedestal on which the ladle to be heated is placed. The frame also is equipped with a vertical post on which a carriage travels for lowering and raising the electric heaters under certain electrical and mechanical safeguards which avoid both mechanical and thermal shock. Other objects and advantages of the invention may be seen in the details of construction and operation as set down in the ensuing specification.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
***Note: not a full article
Published in the Williams College News
By: John Stickney
“Which one is “Jim Morrison?” one girl said to another. But he was not on stage, and a drummer and an organist and a guitar player looked impatiently toward a curtain door.
They sat in darkness punctuated by the steady red lights of amplifiers as tall as a man and the glow of a hundred cigarettes dancing in the evening breeze. The curtain on the door hung like velvet one inch thick.
Two hands pierced the slits of the curtain and drew it back sharply as a spotlight racked the stage and exposed a man who squinted in the brightness. There was applause that he did not care to hear, and the spotlight caught the contempt in the faces of the other musicians as Jim Morrison tentatively fingered the microphone.
He screamed and reeled, throttling the microphone and gazing at a sea of blank faces. He shouted a strung out, distorted and violent stream of word images which twisted the faces into expressions of shock yet fascination.
Then there were the drums, crashing against the pulsating rush of the organ while the guitar pirouetted around and through the rhythmic contest with a new sort of terrifying insistence. The Doors were opening as Morrison’s words found their way through the cicuitous maze of a thousand wires in the impassive, deafening amplifiers.
He sang, or rather groaned, or talked to himself out loud as the group races through “Break on Through” to lead off the set. The band and their instruments work together in complete interaction crystallizing the night air with a texture of sound which a person can run his hand over.
But Morrison gets all the attention, with black curls cascading over the upturned collar of a leather jacket worn the way leather jackets should be; tight, tough, and somehow menacing. Some people have said that Morrison is beautiful, and others have learned the meaning of the word charisma by watching him.
And then there is “Light My Fire,” and Morrison’s brass and leather voice strokes the lyrics with all the subtlety in which he handles the microphone. The song deserves to be done the Doors’ way, with suggestive intonations and instrumentation striving together to produce the incredible erotic pressure of the driving organ-scream climax.
After all, sex is what hard rock is all about. But there is terror in the sexuality of “The End,” Morrison’s black masterpiece of narrative poetry about a physical and spiritual odyssey which finishes in patricide and incest.
Morrison is at his best in the song, doing his own thing while the organist bends low and presses hard on the keys and the guitarist walks unconcernedly in and out of the spotlight. The drummer sweats.
Morrison dislodged the microphone and staggered blindly across the stage as the lyrics and screams which are “The End” poured out of his mouth, malevolent, satanic, electric and on fire. He stumbled and fell in front of a towering amplifier and sobbed to himself. The guitarist nudged him with the neck of his guitar, and a mouth in the audience said knowingly, “He’s stoned.”
But he wasn’t. He sat up on his knees and stretched his arms in an attitude of worship toward the cold amplifier, the impartial mediator between the virtues and absurdity of a music dependent upon circuits and ohms.
The audience did non know whether to applaud or not. The guitarist nudged the electric cord which makes his instrument play, the organist
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
/* dporfsx.f -- translated by f2c (version 20061008).
You must link the resulting object file with libf2c:
on Microsoft Windows system, link with libf2c.lib;
on Linux or Unix systems, link with .../path/to/libf2c.a -lm
or, if you install libf2c.a in a standard place, with -lf2c -lm
-- in that order, at the end of the command line, as in
cc *.o -lf2c -lm
Source for libf2c is in /netlib/f2c/libf2c.zip, e.g.,
http://www.netlib.org/f2c/libf2c.zip
*/
#include "f2c.h"
#include "blaswrap.h"
/* Table of constant values */
static integer c_n1 = -1;
static integer c__0 = 0;
static integer c__1 = 1;
/* Subroutine */ int dporfsx_(char *uplo, char *equed, integer *n, integer *
nrhs, doublereal *a, integer *lda, doublereal *af, integer *ldaf,
doublereal *s, doublereal *b, integer *ldb, doublereal *x, integer *
ldx, doublereal *rcond, doublereal *berr, integer *n_err_bnds__,
doublereal *err_bnds_norm__, doublereal *err_bnds_comp__, integer *
nparams, doublereal *params, doublereal *work, integer *iwork,
integer *info)
{
/* System generated locals */
integer a_dim1, a_offset, af_dim1, af_offset, b_dim1, b_offset, x_dim1,
x_offset, err_bnds_norm_dim1, err_bnds_norm_offset,
err_bnds_comp_dim1, err_bnds_comp_offset, i__1;
doublereal d__1, d__2;
/* Builtin functions */
double sqrt(doublereal);
/* Local variables */
doublereal illrcond_thresh__, unstable_thresh__, err_lbnd__;
integer ref_type__, j;
doublereal rcond_tmp__;
integer prec_type__;
extern doublereal dla_porcond__(char *, integer *, doublereal *, integer *
, doublereal *, integer *, integer *, doublereal *, integer *,
doublereal *, integer *, ftnlen);
doublereal cwise_wrong__;
extern /* Subroutine */ int dla_porfsx_extended__(integer *, char *,
integer *, integer *, doublereal *, integer *, doublereal *,
integer *, logical *, doublereal *, doublereal *, integer *,
doublereal *, integer *, doublereal *, integer *, doublereal *,
doublereal *, doublereal *, doublereal *, doublereal *,
doublereal *, doublereal *, integer *, doublereal *, doublereal *,
logical *, integer *, ftnlen);
char norm[1];
logical ignore_cwise__;
extern logical lsame_(char *, char *);
doublereal anorm;
logical rcequ;
extern doublereal dlamch_(char *);
extern /* Subroutine */ int xerbla_(char *, integer *), dpocon_(
char *, integer *, doublereal *, integer *, doublereal *,
doublereal *, doublereal *, integer *, integer *);
extern doublereal dlansy_(char *, char *, integer *, doublereal *,
integer *, doublereal *);
extern integer ilaprec_(char *);
integer ithresh, n_norms__;
doublereal rthresh;
/* -- LAPACK routine (version 3.2.1) -- */
/* -- Contributed by James Demmel, Deaglan Halligan, Yozo Hida and -- */
/* -- Jason Riedy of Univ. of California Berkeley. -- */
/* -- April 2009 -- */
/* -- LAPACK is a software package provided by Univ. of Tennessee, -- */
/* -- Univ. of California Berkeley and NAG Ltd. -- */
/* .. */
/* .. Scalar Arguments .. */
/* .. */
/* .. Array Arguments .. */
/* .. */
/* Purpose */
/* ======= */
/* DPORFSX improves the computed solution to a system of linear */
/* equations when the coefficient matrix is symmetric positive */
/* definite, and provides error bounds and backward error estimates */
/* for the solution. In addition to normwise error bound, the code */
/* provides maximum componentwise error bound if possible. See */
/* comments for ERR_BNDS_NORM and ERR_BNDS_COMP for details of the */
/* error bounds. */
/* The original system of linear equations may have been equilibrated */
/* before calling this routine, as described by arguments EQUED and S */
/* below. In this case, the solution and error bounds returned are */
/* for the original unequilibrated system. */
/* Arguments */
/* ========= */
/* Some optional parameters are bundled in the PARAMS array. These */
/* settings determine how refinement is performed, but often the */
/* defaults are acceptable. If the defaults are acceptable, users */
/* can pass NPARAMS = 0 which prevents the source code from accessing */
/* the PARAMS argument. */
/* UPLO (input) CHARACTER*1 */
/* = 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored; */
/* = 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored. */
/* EQUED (input) CHARACTER*1 */
/* Specifies the form of equilibration that was done to A */
/* before calling this routine. This is needed to compute */
/* the solution and error bounds correctly. */
/* = 'N': No equilibration */
/* = 'Y': Both row and column equilibration, i.e., A has been */
/* replaced by diag(S) * A * diag(S). */
/* The right hand side B has been changed accordingly. */
/* N (input) INTEGER */
/* The order of the matrix A. N >= 0. */
/* NRHS (input) INTEGER */
/* The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns */
/* of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0. */
/* A (input) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDA,N) */
/* The symmetric matrix A. If UPLO = 'U', the leading N-by-N */
/* upper triangular part of A contains the upper triangular part */
/* of the matrix A, and the strictly lower triangular part of A */
/* is not referenced. If UPLO = 'L', the leading N-by-N lower */
/* triangular part of A contains the lower triangular part of */
/* the matrix A, and the strictly upper triangular part of A is */
/* not referenced. */
/* LDA (input) INTEGER */
/* The leading dimension of the array A. LDA >= max(1,N). */
/* AF (input) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDAF,N) */
/* The triangular factor U or L from the Cholesky factorization */
/* A = U**T*U or A = L*L**T, as computed by DPOTRF. */
/* LDAF (input) INTEGER */
/* The leading dimension of the array AF. LDAF >= max(1,N). */
/* S (input or output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N) */
/* The row scale factors for A. If EQUED = 'Y', A is multiplied on */
/* the left and right by diag(S). S is an input argument if FACT = */
/* 'F'; otherwise, S is an output argument. If FACT = 'F' and EQUED */
/* = 'Y', each element of S must be positive. If S is output, each */
/* element of S is a power of the radix. If S is input, each element */
/* of S should be a power of the radix to ensure a reliable solution */
/* and error estimates. Scaling by powers of the radix does not cause */
/* rounding errors unless the result underflows or overflows. */
/* Rounding errors during scaling lead to refining with a matrix that */
/* is not equivalent to the input matrix, producing error estimates */
/* that may not be reliable. */
/* B (input) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDB,NRHS) */
/* The right hand side matrix B. */
/* LDB (input) INTEGER */
/* The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N). */
/* X (input/output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDX,NRHS) */
/* On entry, the solution matrix X, as computed by DGETRS. */
/* On exit, the improved solution matrix X. */
/* LDX (input) INTEGER */
/* The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N). */
/* RCOND (output) DOUBLE PRECISION */
/* Reciprocal scaled condition number. This is an estimate of the */
/* reciprocal Skeel condition number of the matrix A after */
/* equilibration (if done). If this is less than the machine */
/* precision (in particular, if it is zero), the matrix is singular */
/* to working precision. Note that the error may still be small even */
/* if this number is very small and the matrix appears ill- */
/* conditioned. */
/* BERR (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS) */
/* Componentwise relative backward error. This is the */
/* componentwise relative backward error of each solution vector X(j) */
/* (i.e., the smallest relative change in any element of A or B that */
/* makes X(j) an exact solution). */
/* N_ERR_BNDS (input) INTEGER */
/* Number of error bounds to return for each right hand side */
/* and each type (normwise or componentwise). See ERR_BNDS_NORM and */
/* ERR_BNDS_COMP below. */
/* ERR_BNDS_NORM (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS, N_ERR_BNDS) */
/* For each right-hand side, this array contains information about */
/* various error bounds and condition numbers corresponding to the */
/* normwise relative error, which is defined as follows: */
/* Normwise relative error in the ith solution vector: */
/* max_j (abs(XTRUE(j,i) - X(j,i))) */
/* ------------------------------ */
/* max_j abs(X(j,i)) */
/* The array is indexed by the type of error information as described */
/* below. There currently are up to three pieces of information */
/* returned. */
/* The first index in ERR_BNDS_NORM(i,:) corresponds to the ith */
/* right-hand side. */
/* The second index in ERR_BNDS_NORM(:,err) contains the following */
/* three fields: */
/* err = 1 "Trust/don't trust" boolean. Trust the answer if the */
/* reciprocal condition number is less than the threshold */
/* sqrt(n) * dlamch('Epsilon'). */
/* err = 2 "Guaranteed" error bound: The estimated forward error, */
/* almost certainly within a factor of 10 of the true error */
/* so long as the next entry is greater than the threshold */
/* sqrt(n) * dlamch('Epsilon'). This error bound should only */
/* be trusted if the previous boolean is true. */
/* err = 3 Reciprocal condition number: Estimated normwise */
/* reciprocal condition number. Compared with the threshold */
/* sqrt(n) * dlamch('Epsilon') to determine if the error */
/* estimate is "guaranteed". These reciprocal condition */
/* numbers are 1 / (norm(Z^{-1},inf) * norm(Z,inf)) for some */
/* appropriately scaled matrix Z. */
/* Let Z = S*A, where S scales each row by a power of the */
/* radix so all absolute row sums of Z are approximately 1. */
/* See Lapack Working Note 165 for further details and extra */
/* cautions. */
/* ERR_BNDS_COMP (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS, N_ERR_BNDS) */
/* For each right-hand side, this array contains information about */
/* various error bounds and condition numbers corresponding to the */
/* componentwise relative error, which is defined as follows: */
/* Componentwise relative error in the ith solution vector: */
/* abs(XTRUE(j,i) - X(j,i)) */
/* max_j ---------------------- */
/* abs(X(j,i)) */
/* The array is indexed by the right-hand side i (on which the */
/* componentwise relative error depends), and the type of error */
/* information as described below. There currently are up to three */
/* pieces of information returned for each right-hand side. If */
/* componentwise accuracy is not requested (PARAMS(3) = 0.0), then */
/* ERR_BNDS_COMP is not accessed. If N_ERR_BNDS .LT. 3, then at most */
/* the first (:,N_ERR_BNDS) entries are returned. */
/* The first index in ERR_BNDS_COMP(i,:) corresponds to the ith */
/* right-hand side. */
/* The second index in ERR_BNDS_COMP(:,err) contains the following */
/* three fields: */
/* err = 1 "Trust/don't trust" boolean. Trust the answer if the */
/* reciprocal condition number is less than the threshold */
/* sqrt(n) * dlamch('Epsilon'). */
/* err = 2 "Guaranteed" error bound: The estimated forward error, */
/* almost certainly within a factor of 10 of the true error */
/* so long as the next entry is greater than the threshold */
/* sqrt(n) * dlamch('Epsilon'). This error bound should only */
/* be trusted if the previous boolean is true. */
/* err = 3 Reciprocal condition number: Estimated componentwise */
/* reciprocal condition number. Compared with the threshold */
/* sqrt(n) * dlamch('Epsilon') to determine if the error */
/* estimate is "guaranteed". These reciprocal condition */
/* numbers are 1 / (norm(Z^{-1},inf) * norm(Z,inf)) for some */
/* appropriately scaled matrix Z. */
/* Let Z = S*(A*diag(x)), where x is the solution for the */
/* current right-hand side and S scales each row of */
/* A*diag(x) by a power of the radix so all absolute row */
/* sums of Z are approximately 1. */
/* See Lapack Working Note 165 for further details and extra */
/* cautions. */
/* NPARAMS (input) INTEGER */
/* Specifies the number of parameters set in PARAMS. If .LE. 0, the */
/* PARAMS array is never referenced and default values are used. */
/* PARAMS (input / output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension NPARAMS */
/* Specifies algorithm parameters. If an entry is .LT. 0.0, then */
/* that entry will be filled with default value used for that */
/* parameter. Only positions up to NPARAMS are accessed; defaults */
/* are used for higher-numbered parameters. */
/* PARAMS(LA_LINRX_ITREF_I = 1) : Whether to perform iterative */
/* refinement or not. */
/* Default: 1.0D+0 */
/* = 0.0 : No refinement is performed, and no error bounds are */
/* computed. */
/* = 1.0 : Use the double-precision refinement algorithm, */
/* possibly with doubled-single computations if the */
/* compilation environment does not support DOUBLE */
/* PRECISION. */
/* (other values are reserved for future use) */
/* PARAMS(LA_LINRX_ITHRESH_I = 2) : Maximum number of residual */
/* computations allowed for refinement. */
/* Default: 10 */
/* Aggressive: Set to 100 to permit convergence using approximate */
/* factorizations or factorizations other than LU. If */
/* the factorization uses a technique other than */
/* Gaussian elimination, the guarantees in */
/* err_bnds_norm and err_bnds_comp may no longer be */
/* trustworthy. */
/* PARAMS(LA_LINRX_CWISE_I = 3) : Flag determining if the code */
/* will attempt to find a solution with small componentwise */
/* relative error in the double-precision algorithm. Positive */
/* is true, 0.0 is false. */
/* Default: 1.0 (attempt componentwise convergence) */
/* WORK (workspace) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (4*N) */
/* IWORK (workspace) INTEGER array, dimension (N) */
/* INFO (output) INTEGER */
/* = 0: Successful exit. The solution to every right-hand side is */
/* guaranteed. */
/* < 0: If INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value */
/* > 0 and <= N: U(INFO,INFO) is exactly zero. The factorization */
/* has been completed, but the factor U is exactly singular, so */
/* the solution and error bounds could not be computed. RCOND = 0 */
/* is returned. */
/* = N+J: The solution corresponding to the Jth right-hand side is */
/* not guaranteed. The solutions corresponding to other right- */
/* hand sides K with K > J may not be guaranteed as well, but */
/* only the first such right-hand side is reported. If a small */
/* componentwise error is not requested (PARAMS(3) = 0.0) then */
/* the Jth right-hand side is the first with a normwise error */
/* bound that is not guaranteed (the smallest J such */
/* that ERR_BNDS_NORM(J,1) = 0.0). By default (PARAMS(3) = 1.0) */
/* the Jth right-hand side is the first with either a normwise or */
/* componentwise error bound that is not guaranteed (the smallest */
/* J such that either ERR_BNDS_NORM(J,1) = 0.0 or */
/* ERR_BNDS_COMP(J,1) = 0.0). See the definition of */
/* ERR_BNDS_NORM(:,1) and ERR_BNDS_COMP(:,1). To get information */
/* about all of the right-hand sides check ERR_BNDS_NORM or */
/* ERR_BNDS_COMP. */
/* ================================================================== */
/* .. Parameters .. */
/* .. */
/* .. Local Scalars .. */
/* .. */
/* .. External Subroutines .. */
/* .. */
/* .. Intrinsic Functions .. */
/* .. */
/* .. External Functions .. */
/* .. */
/* .. Executable Statements .. */
/* Check the input parameters. */
/* Parameter adjustments */
err_bnds_comp_dim1 = *nrhs;
err_bnds_comp_offset = 1 + err_bnds_comp_dim1;
err_bnds_comp__ -= err_bnds_comp_offset;
err_bnds_norm_dim1 = *nrhs;
err_bnds_norm_offset = 1 + err_bnds_norm_dim1;
err_bnds_norm__ -= err_bnds_norm_offset;
a_dim1 = *lda;
a_offset = 1 + a_dim1;
a -= a_offset;
af_dim1 = *ldaf;
af_offset = 1 + af_dim1;
af -= af_offset;
--s;
b_dim1 = *ldb;
b_offset = 1 + b_dim1;
b -= b_offset;
x_dim1 = *ldx;
x_offset = 1 + x_dim1;
x -= x_offset;
--berr;
--params;
--work;
--iwork;
/* Function Body */
*info = 0;
ref_type__ = 1;
if (*nparams >= 1) {
if (params[1] < 0.) {
params[1] = 1.;
} else {
ref_type__ = (integer) params[1];
}
}
/* Set default parameters. */
illrcond_thresh__ = (doublereal) (*n) * dlamch_("Epsilon");
ithresh = 10;
rthresh = .5;
unstable_thresh__ = .25;
ignore_cwise__ = FALSE_;
if (*nparams >= 2) {
if (params[2] < 0.) {
params[2] = (doublereal) ithresh;
} else {
ithresh = (integer) params[2];
}
}
if (*nparams >= 3) {
if (params[3] < 0.) {
if (ignore_cwise__) {
params[3] = 0.;
} else {
params[3] = 1.;
}
} else {
ignore_cwise__ = params[3] == 0.;
}
}
if (ref_type__ == 0 || *n_err_bnds__ == 0) {
n_norms__ = 0;
} else if (ignore_cwise__) {
n_norms__ = 1;
} else {
n_norms__ = 2;
}
rcequ = lsame_(equed, "Y");
/* Test input parameters. */
if (! lsame_(uplo, "U") && ! lsame_(uplo, "L")) {
*info = -1;
} else if (! rcequ && ! lsame_(equed, "N")) {
*info = -2;
} else if (*n < 0) {
*info = -3;
} else if (*nrhs < 0) {
*info = -4;
} else if (*lda < max(1,*n)) {
*info = -6;
} else if (*ldaf < max(1,*n)) {
*info = -8;
} else if (*ldb < max(1,*n)) {
*info = -11;
} else if (*ldx < max(1,*n)) {
*info = -13;
}
if (*info != 0) {
i__1 = -(*info);
xerbla_("DPORFSX", &i__1);
return 0;
}
/* Quick return if possible. */
if (*n == 0 || *nrhs == 0) {
*rcond = 1.;
i__1 = *nrhs;
for (j = 1; j <= i__1; ++j) {
berr[j] = 0.;
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 1) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + err_bnds_norm_dim1] = 1.;
err_bnds_comp__[j + err_bnds_comp_dim1] = 1.;
} else if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 2) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + (err_bnds_norm_dim1 << 1)] = 0.;
err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1 << 1)] = 0.;
} else if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 3) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + err_bnds_norm_dim1 * 3] = 1.;
err_bnds_comp__[j + err_bnds_comp_dim1 * 3] = 1.;
}
}
return 0;
}
/* Default to failure. */
*rcond = 0.;
i__1 = *nrhs;
for (j = 1; j <= i__1; ++j) {
berr[j] = 1.;
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 1) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + err_bnds_norm_dim1] = 1.;
err_bnds_comp__[j + err_bnds_comp_dim1] = 1.;
} else if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 2) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + (err_bnds_norm_dim1 << 1)] = 1.;
err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1 << 1)] = 1.;
} else if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 3) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + err_bnds_norm_dim1 * 3] = 0.;
err_bnds_comp__[j + err_bnds_comp_dim1 * 3] = 0.;
}
}
/* Compute the norm of A and the reciprocal of the condition */
/* number of A. */
*(unsigned char *)norm = 'I';
anorm = dlansy_(norm, uplo, n, &a[a_offset], lda, &work[1]);
dpocon_(uplo, n, &af[af_offset], ldaf, &anorm, rcond, &work[1], &iwork[1],
info);
/* Perform refinement on each right-hand side */
if (ref_type__ != 0) {
prec_type__ = ilaprec_("E");
dla_porfsx_extended__(&prec_type__, uplo, n, nrhs, &a[a_offset], lda,
&af[af_offset], ldaf, &rcequ, &s[1], &b[b_offset], ldb, &x[
x_offset], ldx, &berr[1], &n_norms__, &err_bnds_norm__[
err_bnds_norm_offset], &err_bnds_comp__[err_bnds_comp_offset],
&work[*n + 1], &work[1], &work[(*n << 1) + 1], &work[1],
rcond, &ithresh, &rthresh, &unstable_thresh__, &
ignore_cwise__, info, (ftnlen)1);
}
/* Computing MAX */
d__1 = 10., d__2 = sqrt((doublereal) (*n));
err_lbnd__ = max(d__1,d__2) * dlamch_("Epsilon");
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 1 && n_norms__ >= 1) {
/* Compute scaled normwise condition number cond(A*C). */
if (rcequ) {
rcond_tmp__ = dla_porcond__(uplo, n, &a[a_offset], lda, &af[
af_offset], ldaf, &c_n1, &s[1], info, &work[1], &iwork[1],
(ftnlen)1);
} else {
rcond_tmp__ = dla_porcond__(uplo, n, &a[a_offset], lda, &af[
af_offset], ldaf, &c__0, &s[1], info, &work[1], &iwork[1],
(ftnlen)1);
}
i__1 = *nrhs;
for (j = 1; j <= i__1; ++j) {
/* Cap the error at 1.0. */
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 2 && err_bnds_norm__[j + (err_bnds_norm_dim1
<< 1)] > 1.) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + (err_bnds_norm_dim1 << 1)] = 1.;
}
/* Threshold the error (see LAWN). */
if (rcond_tmp__ < illrcond_thresh__) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + (err_bnds_norm_dim1 << 1)] = 1.;
err_bnds_norm__[j + err_bnds_norm_dim1] = 0.;
if (*info <= *n) {
*info = *n + j;
}
} else if (err_bnds_norm__[j + (err_bnds_norm_dim1 << 1)] <
err_lbnd__) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + (err_bnds_norm_dim1 << 1)] = err_lbnd__;
err_bnds_norm__[j + err_bnds_norm_dim1] = 1.;
}
/* Save the condition number. */
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 3) {
err_bnds_norm__[j + err_bnds_norm_dim1 * 3] = rcond_tmp__;
}
}
}
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 1 && n_norms__ >= 2) {
/* Compute componentwise condition number cond(A*diag(Y(:,J))) for */
/* each right-hand side using the current solution as an estimate of */
/* the true solution. If the componentwise error estimate is too */
/* large, then the solution is a lousy estimate of truth and the */
/* estimated RCOND may be too optimistic. To avoid misleading users, */
/* the inverse condition number is set to 0.0 when the estimated */
/* cwise error is at least CWISE_WRONG. */
cwise_wrong__ = sqrt(dlamch_("Epsilon"));
i__1 = *nrhs;
for (j = 1; j <= i__1; ++j) {
if (err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1 << 1)] <
cwise_wrong__) {
rcond_tmp__ = dla_porcond__(uplo, n, &a[a_offset], lda, &af[
af_offset], ldaf, &c__1, &x[j * x_dim1 + 1], info, &
work[1], &iwork[1], (ftnlen)1);
} else {
rcond_tmp__ = 0.;
}
/* Cap the error at 1.0. */
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 2 && err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1
<< 1)] > 1.) {
err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1 << 1)] = 1.;
}
/* Threshold the error (see LAWN). */
if (rcond_tmp__ < illrcond_thresh__) {
err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1 << 1)] = 1.;
err_bnds_comp__[j + err_bnds_comp_dim1] = 0.;
if (params[3] == 1. && *info < *n + j) {
*info = *n + j;
}
} else if (err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1 << 1)] <
err_lbnd__) {
err_bnds_comp__[j + (err_bnds_comp_dim1 << 1)] = err_lbnd__;
err_bnds_comp__[j + err_bnds_comp_dim1] = 1.;
}
/* Save the condition number. */
if (*n_err_bnds__ >= 3) {
err_bnds_comp__[j + err_bnds_comp_dim1 * 3] = rcond_tmp__;
}
}
}
return 0;
/* End of DPORFSX */
} /* dporfsx_ */
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
Development of a 5-step multi-chamber reactor as a simulation of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem.
A five-stage reactor was developed to simulate the gastro-intestinal microbial ecosystem of humans. The small intestine was simulated by a two-step "fill and draw" system, the large intestine by a three-step reactor. A representative supply medium was developed to support a microbial community resembling that of the human gastro-intestinal tract. The entire system was validated by monitoring fermentation fluxes and products, i.e. indicator bacterial groups, volatile fatty acids, enzymatic activities and headspace gases. The simulator was operated with varying concentrations and combinations of arabinogalactan, xylan, pectin, dextrins and starch. The resulting patterns of microbial diversity and activity were analysed and compared with data for in-vivo gastro-intestinal microbial communities as described in the literature and found to be representative.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
1966 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington
REDIRECT 1966 United States House of Representatives elections#Washington
1966
Washington
United States House of Representatives
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
}
|
SXSW - Day one: FOMO on the frontline
James Withers
Creative Director of Film
In one of the many queues of our first day at SXSW, we got talking with an affable Norwegian journalist on his 17th tour. The obvious question, "How does it compare to the last 16?" The blunt answer, "It's big. Maybe too big."
We're a little less veteran, but we got his point. What hits you as hard as all the amazing things you see, is all the amazing things you don't. For every session you make, there's ten you can't. For every serendipitous queue conversation you have, there's twenty people around you doing the same thing (and somehow, theirs sound way more exciting). With 30,000+ attendees across 800 events and growing, SXSW should consider changing its name to FOMO.
It's an environment that makes it impossible to give a macro trend analysis from the ground. Nevertheless, we heard from a number of incredibly driven and talented players in the startup community. The following three are those that best cut through the noise, broke the established rules, and are taking the biggest steps in moving our world forwards.
Honest Dollar
Unlikely as it seems, the most exciting idea of the day was all about pensions. Honest Dollar is all about bringing transparency and control to the money we all need to save for retirement. With an ageing global population and a distinct lack of innovation from the big financial players, its potential is massive - both in terms of scale and also the opportunities it offers for a huge and hugely-underserved demographic. Whurley (Will Hurley), CEO and founder, gave a brilliant pitch to an enthralled audience and was the deserved recipient of the ReleaseIt winner's trophy. (He's also an super smart and nice guy.)
KWAD
KWAD is a business based on a simple insight - social networks are great at keeping us in digital touch with our existing friends, but they're rubbish at introducing us to new people in the real world. Whats bumpin, the first of a suite of apps KWAD is developing, solves these problems by letting college students connect with their peers (whether they know them or not) in the real world. Founder and CEO, Chris Harmon, was inspired by his own daughter's experiences at college and his vision extends well beyond the campus into all walks of life. It's a brilliant example of using technology to bring people together in more human and meaningful ways.
KITE
KITE Solutions is a platform that connects established brands with startups. It's an ingenious arrangement - big businesses need fresh ideas and committed talent to make them happen; startups need financial support and a large customer base. We had a great conversation with Manas Mudbari, a startup analyst, who has the enviable job of hunting around for the next big thing. Though not exactly a start-up, KITE is a company that really makes sense of an event like SXSW - a quality curator for an increasingly crowded market, a source of inspiration for established brands in a rapidly changing world.
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|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Q:
Active Directory not replicating
I have a windows server 2003 as a PDC ("server 1"). I am attempting to take it offline once I get several issues cleared up. I have two other windows server 2008 servers that have been promoted as DC's ("server 2" and "server 3").
When I run dcdiag on any of the servers I get failed connectivity to "server 2" and "server 3"
the host guid._msdcs.domain could not be resolved to
an ip address...although the guid dns name couldnt
be resolved, the server name resolved to the ip address.
Check that the ip address is registered correctly with
the dns server. "server 2" failed test connectivity.
While there could be several issues preventing replication, I noticed one thing on the pdc ("server 1"). In DNS under the msdcs folder there is an "" folder (along with "dc", "domains", "gc" and "pdc". The "_" folder references "server 2" with the guid thats referenced in the dcdiag connectivity failure.
What does the "_" folder represent? Is that where my problems begin? The pdc has the wrong guid for "Server 2". I need to be able to replicate to "server 2" and "server 3"
A:
Answers to your questions re: the DNS records are certainly something you should know about (and I'd encourage you to look at something like this article from Microsoft for some background on what they do), but I think you're probably interested in a more practical answer here.
What are the "server 2" and "server 3" computers using for DNS servers? I'm guessing that your "server 1" computer is a DNS server (since it's your existing Domain Controller), but it's unclear if you've configured "server 2" and "server 3" to be DNS servers.
I'd configure both "server 2" and "server 3" to be DNS servers, with "server 1" specified as their sole DNS server initially. Once Active Directory replication is working as-expected I'd reconfigure "server 2" to use "server 3" as its primary DNS server and itself as its secondary, and the converse on "server 3". Then you can go about transferring the Floating/Flexible Single-Master Operations (FSMO) roles from the "server 1" computer to either of these new machines, and demote "server 1" to a member server for removal from the network.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
NPR interviews the head of California’s community college system, who is arguing in favor of eliminating Algebra as a course requirement. The reason? Algebra is too hard for minorities.
Algebra is one of the biggest hurdles to getting a high school or college degree — particularly for students of color and first-generation undergrads.
It is also the single most failed course in community colleges across the country. So if you’re not a STEM major (science, technology, engineering, math), why even study algebra?
That’s the argument Eloy Ortiz Oakley, chancellor of the California community college system, made today in an interview with NPR’s Robert Siegel.
At American community colleges, 60 percent of those enrolled are required to take at least one math course. Most — nearly 80 percent — never complete that requirement.
Oakley is among a growing number of educators who view intermediate algebra as an obstacle to students obtaining their credentials — particularly in fields that require no higher level math skills.
Their thinking has led to initiatives like Community College Pathways, which strays away from abstract algebra to engage students in real-world math applications. …
What are you proposing?
What we’re proposing is to take an honest look at what our requirements are and why we even have them. So, for example, we have a number of courses of study and majors that do not require algebra. We want to take a look at other math pathways, look at the research that’s been done across the country and consider math pathways that are actually relevant to the coursework that the student is pursuing.
You are facing pressure to increase graduation rates — only 48 percent graduate from California community colleges with an associate’s degree or transfer to a four-year institution within six years. As we’ve said, passing college algebra is a major barrier to graduation. But is this the easy way out? Just strike the algebra requirement to increase graduation rates instead of teaching math more effectively?
I hear that a lot and unfortunately nothing could be farther from the truth. Somewhere along the lines, since the 1950s, we decided that the only measure of a student’s ability to reason or to do some sort of quantitative measure is algebra. What we’re saying is we want as rigorous a course as possible to determine a student’s ability to succeed, but it should be relevant to their course of study. There are other math courses that we could introduce that tell us a lot more about our students.
Do you buy the argument that there are just some forms of reasoning — whether it’s graphing functions or solving quadratic equations that involve a mental discipline — that may never be actually used literally on the job, but may improve the way young people think?
There’s an argument to be made that much of what we ask students to learn prepares them to be just better human beings, allows them to have reasoning skills. But again, the question becomes: What data do we have that suggests algebra is that course? Are there other ways that we can introduce reasoning skills that more directly relate to what a student’s experience in life is and really helps them in their program of study or career of choice?
A lot of students in California community colleges are hoping to prepare for a four-year college. What are you hearing from the four-year institutions? Are they at ease with you dropping the requirement? Or would they then make the students take the same algebra course they’re not taking at community college?
This question is being raised at all levels of higher education — the university level as well as the community college level. There’s a great body of research that’s informing this discussion, much of it coming from some of our top universities, like the Dana Center at the University of Texas, or the Carnegie Foundation. So there’s a lot of research behind this and I think more and more of our public and private university partners are delving into this question of what is the right level of math depending on which major a student is pursuing.
And there are people writing about concepts of numeracy that may be different from what people have been teaching all this time. Do you have in mind a curriculum that would be more useful than intermediate algebra?
We are piloting different math pathways within our community colleges. We’re working with our university partners at CSU and the UC, trying to ensure that we can align these courses to best prepare our students to succeed in majors. And if you think about it, you think about the use of statistics not only for a social science major but for every U.S. citizen. This is a skill that we should have all of our students have with them because this affects them in their daily life. …
Rates of failure in algebra are higher for minority groups than they are for white students. Why do you think that is? Do you think a different curriculum would have less disparate results by ethnic or racial group?
First of all, we’ve seen in the data from many of the pilots across the country that are using alternative math pathways — that are just as rigorous as an algebra course — we’ve seen much greater success for students because many of these students can relate to these different kinds of math depending on which program of study they’re in. They can see how it works in their daily life and how it’s going to work in their career.
The second thing I’d say is yes, this is a civil rights issue, but this is also something that plagues all Americans — particularly low-income Americans. If you think about all the underemployed or unemployed Americans in this country who cannot connect to a job in this economy — which is unforgiving of those students who don’t have a credential — the biggest barrier for them is this algebra requirement. It’s what has kept them from achieving a credential.
From the perspective of the Left, colleges are there to supply credentials which are tickets to comfortable, well-paying positions in Society. Results must be equal, so if some groups are having trouble earning those credentials, it is necessary to grease the skids. The goal is not education; the goal is credentials.
GoneWithTheWind
There is no good reason to require algebra or even English composition for community college students. The actual reason is because the teachers get to decide and the teachers for these course need students to keep their jobs.
There is a part of me who believes that every four year college graduate be required to not only take algebra but also two years of calculus. My only reason to justify this is that there are so many “basketweaving” degrees out there that it demeans the value of a college degree. So my feeling is; fine, get a degree in woman’s studies but also complete real college level classes to justify the diploma.
If you’re only ever going to learn one “serious” mathematics course for a life outside of STEM, a good argument could be made that statistics is a better tool than algebra. Statistics would convey a level of mathematical literacy to many more people, and be of far more daily utility, than algebra.
GoneWithTheWind
Perhaps true… But statistics is useful for gamblers and liars. I can tell you all you need to know about statistics and save you the time of a college course. Almost all statistics that is touted/printed and used to make a point is either false or the results aren’t even significant. 57% of statistics is wrong and the rest is made up on the spot.
John
I agree with the comment about statistics as being more useful, but, having studied statistics, I doubt you’d make much of a dent on the young skulls full of mush you will encounter most of the time. Statistics is conceptually difficult, much more so than the mostly mechanical aspect of algebra.
My view is that much of one’s school experience is not about the content, it’s about proving that you can learn and do a difficult thing, that you have the temperament, ambition, and work ethic to get through these trials successfully. I would not be interested in hiring people in any capacity who eschewed math because it’s “too hard.”
Dick the Butcher
JK Brown
The reason algebra is hard for many students is that it is the first exposure to abstract thinking. The strange thing is that many math teachers don’t seem to realize this. This limits their ability to help guides student through this transformation of their thinking.
How do you learn statistics using letters and symbols in place of numbers when you’ve not learned algebra which is the mathematics based on using letters and other general symbols in place of numbers in formulas and equations?
Burke
It’s staggering to read some of the comments above in this site – I would expect to see them at NYT, or Salon, whatever.
I’m from a generation that decreed there was “no good reason” to learn Latin (not to say Greek). Well, suffice to say that “minor writers” of all kinds alive then (C. S. Lewis, P. G. Wodehouse, Anthony Powell, Raymond Chandler et al.) would be – with good reason – considered genius, today.
No wonder Muslims despise the West. And, since I have no children (“I left to nobody the legacy of our misery”, as was said by the greatest Brazilian writer, and one of the greatest in any idiom, Machado de Assis – a genius and, by the way, a bastard son of a white man and a black woman, who never had the help of anyone our anybody but himself); since I have no children, as I was saying, they are welcome to it.
bob sykes
A great many of these minority students have IQ’s in the 80’s, and are only marginally educable, and only for simple manual tasks at that.
As to the relative importance of probability and statistics to algebra, I would have to agree. But, you cannot understand statistics without partial differential equations, and for that you need algebra, geometry, some number theory, et al.
Statistics is one of the most subtle and difficult of all subjects, and the proof of that is that Ph. D. scientists at major research universities like MIT routinely screw up their statistical analyses. A large majority of papers in refereed journals contain statistical analyses that do not in any way support the researchers’ conclusions.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Wednesday, August 24, 2011
The Bangladesh authorities must honour their pledge to stop extrajudicial
executions by a special police force accused of involvement in hundreds of
killings, Amnesty International said today in a new report.
Crimes unseen: Extrajudicial executions in Bangladesh also documents how
the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) justify these killings as accidental or
as a result of officers acting in self-defence, although in reality many
victims are killed following their arrest.
“Hardly a week goes by in Bangladesh without someone being shot by RAB
with the authorities saying they were killed or injured in ‘crossfire’ or
a ‘gun-fight’. However the authorities choose to describe such incidents,
the fact remains that they are suspected unlawful killings,” said Abbas
Faiz, Amnesty International’s Bangladesh Researcher.
The RAB has been implicated in the killing of at least 700 people since
its inception in 2004. Any investigations that have been carried out into
those killed have either been handled by RAB or by a government-appointed
judicial body but the details of their methodology or findings have
remained secret. They have never resulted in judicial prosecution. RAB has
consistently denied responsibility for unlawful killings and the
authorities have accepted RAB claims.
“It is appalling that virtually all alleged instances of illegal RAB
killings have gone unchallenged or unpunished. There can be no justice if
the force is the chief investigator of its own wrong-doings. Such
investigations cannot be impartial. There is nothing to stop the RAB from
destroying the evidence and engineering the outcome,” said Abbas Faiz.
Former detainees also told Amnesty International how they were routinely
tortured in custody, suffering beatings, food and sleep deprivation, and
electric shocks.
At least 200 alleged RAB killings have occurred since January 2009 when
the current Awami League government came to power, despite the Prime
Minister’s pledge to end extrajudicial executions and claims by the
authorities that no extrajudicial executions were carried out in the
country in this period.
In addition, at least 30 people have been killed in other police
operations since early 2010, with the police also portraying them as
deaths in “shoot-outs” or “gun-fights”.
“By failing to take proper judicial action against RAB, successive
Bangladeshi governments have effectively endorsed the force’s claims and
conduct and given it carte blanche to act with impunity. All we have seen
from the current government are broken promises or worse, outright
denial,” said Abbas Faiz.
In many cases the investigations blamed the victims, calling them
criminals and portraying their deaths as justified even though available
public evidence refuted that.
“The Bangladesh authorities must act now and take concrete steps to
protect people from the alleged unlawful killings by their security forces
.The government must ensure independent and impartial investigations into
all suspected cases of extrajudicial executions and bring those
responsible to justice.”
Bangladesh’s police and RAB continue to receive a wide range of military
and police equipment from overseas, including from Austria, Belgium,
China, Czech Republic, Italy, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Turkey and USA. In
addition, diplomatic cables from the US Embassy in Dhaka, obtained and
released by Wikileaks in December 2010 alleged that UK police had been
training RAB officers.
Amnesty International calls upon these countries to refrain from supplying
arms to Bangladesh that will be used by RAB and other security forces to
commit extrajudicial executions and other human rights violations. Any
country that knowingly sends arms or other supplies to equip a force which
systematically violates human rights may itself bear some responsibility
for those violations.
RAB was created in March 2004, to much public acclaim, as the government’s
response to a breakdown in law and order, particularly in western and
central Bangladesh.
In Rajshahi, Khulna and Dhaka districts, armed criminal groups or powerful
mercenary gangs colluded with local politicians to run smuggling rings or
extort money from local people. Within months of its creation, RAB’s
operations were characterized by a pattern of killings portrayed by the
authorities as ‘deaths in crossfire’, many of which had the hallmarks of
extrajudicial executions.
They usually occurred in deserted locations after a suspect’s arrest. In
some cases, there were witnesses to the arrests, but RAB authorities
maintained that victims had been killed by ‘crossfire’, or in ‘shoot-outs’
or ‘gunfights’.
Bangladesh’s two main political parties – the Bangladesh Nationalist Party
and the Awami League – have shown no commitment to limiting the powers of
RAB.
In the first couple of months of coming to office, the Prime Minister
spoke of a “zero tolerance” policy toward extrajudicial executions. Other
government authorities repeated her pledge. These hopes were dashed in
late 2009 when the authorities, including the Home Minister, began to
claim that there were no extrajudicial executions in the country.
Break the Chains.info
is a news and discussion forum for supporters of political prisoners, prisoners of war, politicized social prisoners, and victims of police and state intimidation.
This blog is organized and updated autonomously of the disbanded Break the Chains Prisoner Support Network formerly based in Eugene, Oregon. While this online project shares several of the same concerns as the old Break the Chains collective, no formal organization exists behind the current web presence.
"I will never surrender my pride and dignity nor allow the system to 'cut my tongue' and I will always, without fear, speak out against these war crimes and crimes against humanity, no matter if I spend the rest of my life in a prison cage, and draw my last breath of air laying down in this steel bed surrounded by razor-wire fences and cages, and its prison policies that are designed to destroy one's humanity…."
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[M4F] I want you naked for this. [Encouraging] [Instructional] [Countdown] [Includes After Care]
Update Required
To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version or update your Flash plugin
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{
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General Purpose Locomotives
Album created by member John Westfield Album Views: 20,857 The EMD GP (General Purpose)series are a strong force of road switchers, with thousands produced over several decades.
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Watch out! Don't venture on your own without us representing you!
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Available for showing by appointment only. Call Todd at (907) 884-3073, Tracy at (907) 727-3073 or Carrie at (907) 360-9426 to schedule to view this property. Application subject to availability and approval.
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ALBANY, N.Y. -- Gov. Andrew Cuomo said today New York will reject efforts by the state's health insurers to use the Trump administration's repeal of the individual mandate as an excuse to boost their rates.
The individual mandate, one of the most unpopular aspects of Obamacare, required nearly all American to buy health insurance or pay a penalty. The mandate was designed to ensure healthy people buy insurance to offset higher medical costs incurred by sicker people. The Trump administration's elimination of the mandate has prompted some insurers to request higher rate increases because they expect young, healthy people to drop coverage.
Cuomo said insurers have cited the loss of the individual mandate to justify requests for higher premiums which would lead to an average increase for each policy of more than $1,500.
Cuomo said in a statement he has directed the state Department of Financial Services to reject insurer attempts to "opportunistically profit on the scare tactics and assault from the White House and Congress."
Health insurers asked the state in June to approve an average 24 percent increase in premiums for 2019. About half of that was related to the end of the individual mandate. The state is expected to make a decision in August on the rate hike requests.
A trade group representing insurers said its members' estimates of costs associated with the loss of the individual mandate were moderate.
The New York Health Plan Association said state officials earlier this year projected the loss of the individual mandate would lead to double-digit rate increases in the individual market.
"A key priority must be maintaining a stable marketplace in New York," Eric Linzer, president of the association, said in a prepared statement. "Politicizing the 2019 rate requests will not help in this effort."
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My advice? Give it a pass. The treatment consists of getting into a chamber and exposing your body to air that has been chilled by liquid nitrogen to somewhere between -160 and -300 degrees. Proponents claim that whole-body cryotherapy can burn hundreds of calories, reduce inflammation, speed recovery from workouts, and improve the appearance of cellulite.
You might have seen the news last fall about a cryotherapy-related death in Nevada (the death was a result of asphyxia caused by low oxygen levels). While this is obviously an extreme and rare case, the incident prompted the state to enact guidelines recommending that the machines not be used by anyone under 18, shorter than 5 feet tall, or with a history of certain health issues, such as high blood pressure, stroke, seizures, or infections. Pregnant women, folks with heart conditions, and those who experience claustrophobia are advised to avoid the treatment as well. The recommendations also encourage users to stick to one session per day, lasting three minutes or less, and have their blood pressure measured before and after.
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Q:
How to strip column values in Active record through loop before saving in rails framework?
I have to remove spaces for every record before saving into the database.
I can do that by specifying it for each column, but when there 100 columns in each record, it is a pain and no of lines of code increases enormously.
Need help in changing the code into a loop, but being an amateur in rails I am not able to complete it.
class hello < ActiveRecord::Base
before_validation :remove_spaces
def remove_spaces
self.login = self.login.strip if self.login.present?
self.email = self.email.strip if self.email.present?
. so on .......
end
end
A:
I would is attributes.each to iterate over all attribute names and the values of the current instance (while ignoring the attribute names). For each value I would call try(:strip!) to strip whitespace from the value. Please note that try only calls strip! on values that actually respond_to strip (that means basically just strings), therefore it would ignore nil values or values of unsupported types - like timestamps or booleans.
before_validation :sanitize_strings
private
def sanitize_strings
attributes.each { |_, value| value.try(:strip!) }
end
Or when you only want to sanitize specific attributes then you can just iterate over their names:
ATTRIBUTES_TO_SANITIZE = %i[name title description]
def sanitize_strings
ATTRIBUTES_TO_SANITIZE.each { |attr| send(attr).try(:strip!) }
end
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}
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Q:
Why is the Django decimal max_digits validation failing with strange behaviour?
I have a model field full_time_equivalent:
full_time_equivalent = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=5,
decimal_places=2,
default=100,
validators=[
MinValueValidator(Decimal(0)),
MaxValueValidator(Decimal(100))
]
)
To ensure that the validators fire I have override save with:
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
# Run validations
self.full_clean()
return super().save(*args, **kwargs)
With the following test:
project2_membership = ProjectMembership(
user=self.new_user,
project=project2,
is_project_manager=False,
full_time_equivalent=10.01
)
When I step into the validation the following value is shown and respective error:
Decimal('10.0099999999999997868371792719699442386627197265625')
django.core.exceptions.ValidationError:
{'full_time_equivalent': ['Ensure that there are no more than 5 digits in total.']
What am I doing wrong?
A:
The decimal value 10.01 can't be expressed exactly as a float. When the value is converted to a decimal, you end up with Decimal('10.0099999999999997868371792719699442386627197265625'), which is very nearly equal to Decimal('10.01'), but fails your max_digits validation.
You can prevent the error by using the string '10.01' or the decimal Decimal('10.01') in your test.
from decimal import Decimal
project2_membership = ProjectMembership(
user=self.new_user,
project=project2,
is_project_manager=False,
full_time_equivalent=Decimal('10.01')
)
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Data breaches may be new boon for mobile security
According to The 451 Group's Nick Selby, not only will recent data breaches encourage more companies to implement mobile device security technologies, but a number of mobile security vendors are poised to reap big benefits.
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We've noted recently that laptops are becoming ever more portable, holding more data and processing power than ever before, and rapidly replacing the enterprise desktop as a primary computing device. We also noted that along the way they are fast becoming a major point of security failure that enterprises must address.
That proved a timely assertion, especially now that the nation's mainstream media is buzzing about the
theft from a U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) employee of a laptop computer and CD-ROM containing personally identifiable information (PII) of at least 26 million veterans. It's safe to say that the data loss and intellectual property theft associated with mobile laptops and storage devices is a hot topic. Veterans groups have filed a lawsuit against the VA in connection with the breach, seeking $26.5 billion in damages. This monetizes -- perhaps for the first time on such a large scale -- the problem.
Nearly 85 million records containing PII have been compromised since February 2005, when Alpharetta, Ga.-based ChoicePoint Inc. announced the loss to hackers of 145,000 records containing PII. Ten days later, another breach announcement was made, but this time the problem wasn't hackers – it was butterfingers: Bank of America in Charlotte, N.C., announced that it had lost an unencrypted backup tape holding 1.2 million records containing PII. Not stolen or hacked... lost.
We reckon that 40% of those 85 million compromised records were lost not to evil hackers cleverly breaking through security or social-engineering credentials from unsuspecting employees, but instead to stolen or lost laptops, computers or backup tapes, or inadvertent emailing. This kind of data compromise is a national problem affecting everything from small business, to all sizes of enterprises, to government on every level. It's also a massive opportunity because to a large extent, this problem can be reduced.
Compliant or secure?Much marketing ink has been spilled around the word 'compliance' in the past couple of years. The term sometimes refers to compliance with state regulations, like California's, New York's and Connecticut's regarding data breaches. But more often, it refers to compliance with federal regulations and industry guidelines, like SOX, HIPAA, the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard and other acronym-laden best-practices lists designed to introduce more accountability and technical oversight into the worlds of enterprise and government data.
The ChoicePoint announcement rang in de facto national compliance with the California state law requiring notification of affected parties of a breach in security, confidentiality or integrity of unencrypted data containing PII. For each reported breach, press coverage intensifies. As identity theft becomes more common and better publicized, the consumer response to such data compromise has become angrier, which leads to still more media coverage. Data loss, which used to mean some bad PR if you got found out, now means an instant share price punishment, heaps of bad publicity and customer rage. Those are the three most significant drivers of enterprise adoption of security products.
Mobile device securityFor the past several years, vendors in the mobile device security space have been hollering their heads off about just these issues. Mobile device security in this case boils down to the ability to encrypt sensitive data on the hard drive and removable media of any device or storage media capable of being carried out of the enterprise.
That's a sensible enough goal, and unlike the case with intrusion detection or edge defense, most people can intuitively understand it. In this space there are religious differences – a constant discussion over whether it's best to encrypt every single bit that hits the hard drive, or selectively encrypt only the data deemed by some policy to be 'sensitive.'
And there are logistical challenges. Think of how many devices are capable of taking a walk with 60,000 or 6 million records, and your thoughts would have to extend to laptops, mobile phones, CDs and DVDs, USB flash storage drives and mass storage devices like iPods, MP3 players, digital cameras and the like, plus backup tapes, external hard drives and tape drives... There's a pretty long list.
Most, if not all, of the vendors in this space build in some kind of remote-destruct feature to thwart Fred from Purchasing from absconding with the company sales list: The device typically phones home on boot and gets instructions, or checks in when connected to the Internet. This is all useful stuff of course, but the main concern most people have is whether disks can go on a walkabout without endangering the customer data and the company's reputation.
The reason we say that vendors in this space will benefit from the recent events far faster than those in others (such as, for example, database protection, storage encryption and key management and the worlds of intellectual property loss prevention) is because the technology is simple, fairly cheap and can be deployed on what you have now.
About The 451 Group
The 451 Group is an independent technology industry analyst company focused on the business of enterprise IT innovation. Visit The 451 Group's Web site.
It's a fairly easy purchase that the enterprise doesn't have to live with forever – the technology on which it is deployed, often a laptop or handheld, will almost certainly be replaced in three to five years (as opposed to a database protection system, which would be expected to last longer, or storage encryption and key management system, which would be expected to last until the end of time, or at least a decade). Also, mobile devices are frankly the most likely to be lost or stolen or otherwise compromised – like when an employee is fired and 'forgets' to return it.
VendorsPartial disk encryption sets aside areas of the disk to be encrypted, and/or examines content to determine by policy whether the information is sensitive. And these days, products from companies like Bluefire, Credant and Trust Digital offer extremely granular controls over what sensitive means, including encryption of all data from certain applications, data containing patterns (such as Social Security and credit card numbers) and other triggers. Whole-disk encryption encrypts everything on the disk. The arguments against this are as numerous as those for it and revolve around restoration of system files and re-provisioning without destroying all the data. Mobile Armor, PGP, Utimaco's SafeGuard Easy and WinMagic all offer robust whole-disk encryption products.
All these vendors offer controls, from basic to fairly sophisticated, to ensure that data saved to removable media of any sort is encrypted. This stops short of products from M-Systems, which place an agent on Windows machines preventing all but M-Systems hardware-encrypted USB drives from being mounted by the computer, and requires all data stored on the removable media to be encrypted; a central management system handles provisioning, remote-destruct, lost passwords and other features. Safend, GFI Software and other companies have less granular systems that provide control of all external media devices as well.
OpportunitiesCompliance – in this case, compliance with best practices that result in your enterprise's name not featuring prominently in the national media – is the key driver for these technologies, and the sky is the limit. The terabytes of data just floating around unencrypted on removable media only scratches the surface of the problem. That special report we published on mobile laptops as desktops points out that mobile laptop deployment already outpaces that of desktops. After the third loss of a laptop in a year (resulting in the compromise of at least 280,000 records), Ernst & Young is said to be looking into an enterprise-wide encryption policy. More of those will be forthcoming in the immediate future. And the mobile security vendors will try as hard as they can not to say "We told you so."
Nick Selby is a Boston-based analyst covering enterprise security for The 451 Group.
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Cholinergic regulation of striatal Nova mRNAs.
Alternative splicing is an important mechanism for expanding proteome diversity from a limited number of genes, especially in higher vertebrates. Brain-specific splicing factors play an important role in establishing specific patterns of alternative splicing in the brain and thereby contribute to its complex architecture and function. Nova proteins are splicing factors that are expressed specifically in the central nervous system, where they regulate a large number of pre-mRNAs encoding synaptic proteins that are important for the balance of neuronal excitation and inhibition. Since this balance is interrupted in epileptic seizures, we explored whether LiCl/pilocarpine- or kainate-induced epileptic seizures would induce changes in the levels of Nova mRNAs in the rat brain. We found that the muscarinic agonist, pilocarpine, but not the glutamatergic agonist, kainate, induced a significant downregulation of Nova2 mRNA and upregulation of all three Nova1 mRNA isoforms in the striatum. Treatment with the muscarinic antagonist, scopolamine, at the onset of pilocarpine-induced seizures inhibited the seizures and the changes in Nova mRNA levels. Therefore it seems likely that pilocarpine stimulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors was a prerequisite for the observed changes, while the contribution of other striatal neurotransmitter systems activated by seizures could not be excluded. We propose that the LiCl/pilocarpine seizure model could serve as a valuable tool for studying mechanisms of Nova-regulated alternative splicing in rat striatum.
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The eyes have it, but not always: Soon, Aadhaar holders could also have facial identification, in combination with other biometrics, for their benefits. (File Photo) The eyes have it, but not always: Soon, Aadhaar holders could also have facial identification, in combination with other biometrics, for their benefits. (File Photo)
A brand new mode of identification is on the way from July 1 for Aadhaar card holders to use alongside other systems. Nandagopal Rajan explains how this new mode will work.
Why is yet another authentication mode being offered for Aadhaar?
With several recent complaints that the two existing biometric authentications for Aadhaar — fingerprints and iris scans — haven’t worked, the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) has decided to enable face authentication as an additional mode starting from July 1. This facility is to help those unable to use the existing biometrics for authentication because their fingerprints are worn out (from old age or hard work) or their iris is affected by injury or disease. There have been reports that people with these issues weren’t able to get Aadhaar-related benefits.
However, this mode will be used with “one more authentication factor”, which means it will be in combination with a fingerprint, an iris scan or a one-time password (OTP). The UIDAI has also clarified that face authentication shall be on a by-need basis.
Also Read | Another Aadhaar upgrade, face recognition via phone, laptop
Till now, the UIDAI has performed more than 1.04 billion biometric transactions out of 1.51 billion authentications done.
So, how does facial authentication actually work?
Facial authentication is based on technology that recognises a face based on the spatial geometry of distinguishing features. There are different versions of this technology, widely believed to be the least intrusive and fastest biometric tech.
Apple, for instance, uses FaceID on its new iPhone X smartphones that have the TrueDepth camera which captures face data by projecting and analysing over 30,000 invisible dots to create a depth map of the face plus an infrared image. OnePlus has Face Unlock, which uses over “100 identifiers” with pointers like the distance between the eyes or the nose and upper lip.
How will the UIDAI start using face authentication?
The UIDAI has announced that it will work with biometric device providers to integrate face authentication into the certified registered devices and maybe even provide a standalone registered device for this aspect.
Also, it will work to provide software development kits (SDKs) and devices with the ability to “capture face image, check liveliness and create digitally signed and encrypted authentication input”. Necessary details will be released by March 1.
Also Read | What Aadhaar’s new 16-digit Virtual Identity means, how it seeks to add security
Can face authentication be faked?
Face authentication is as unique as fingerprints — but it is not foolproof. It certainly cannot be unlocked using a photo of the user or even by scanning a sleeping person’s face. That is because most authenticators are also looking at liveliness as a factor for authentication, usually done by gauging the attentiveness of the subject’s eyes.
But there have been cases where siblings, especially twins, or children with similar features have been able to unlock devices with face authentication. This is the reason why the UIDAI wants to use this in ‘fusion mode’, which means requiring one more authentication factor.
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I am thankful to Quillien ([@B10]) for his response to my paper (Pollet, [@B7]), as it allows clarifying my position. Firstly, I would like to underline that the purpose of my paper was to flesh out the (implicit) statistical assumptions underpinning cross-cultural correlations. However, what I highlighted is but a side-issue when working with macro-level cross-cultural data (e.g., Poortinga, [@B9]; Mace and Pagel, [@B6]; Pollet et al., [@B8]). I would like to bring the discussion back to "earth" and clarify why I believe, in contrast to Quillien ([@B10]), that finite populations might be problematic in this context.
I put forward that the sampling units for macro-level cross-cultural correlations are finite. In contrast, Quillien argues that this does not have to be the case. I believe for the examples I cited (Pollet, [@B7]: Table 1), the statistical data are clearly scores derived countries, states, etc. and are therefore by their (implicit) definition finite. Data at country/state/region level are very much unlike a population of people (Kuppens and Pollet, [@B5]) or an experiment where we can gather new, independent observations. Quillien presents no argument that these observed entities such as states/countries/etc. are in fact infinite but rather argues that the scores these researchers use represent something else.
Let us return to a specific example we both discussed, U.S. state scores (e.g., Kanazawa, [@B4]; Eppig et al., [@B1]). I put forward that if we sampled all possible units, here: all U.S. state scores, then there is no probability for the statistical population of U.S. states (for that point in time). The sample (U.S. States) matches the population we wish to make statistical inferences about (U.S. states). If the observations we sample are from a finite population (U.S. states), this needs to be corrected for (Pollet, [@B7]). Once we have sampled the last U.S. state, the population pool is empty: we sampled and measured everything. Not explicitly defining the "population" does not alter this, nor does assuming that these state scores are part of a larger, potentially infinite, whole. Many authors, such as Quillien, might want to make statistical or logical inferences beyond these scores, for example to other macro-level units or the "human mind," but what we have in terms of data are U.S. state scores, plain and simple. These are by their very nature finite (fixed number of U.S. states). Quillien\'s argument thus seems to crucially rest on the claim that the observed unit of analysis is not a U.S. state score but rather something else. What this different unit of analysis would be is typically not clearly defined, neither by Quillien nor by the authors cited in Pollet ([@B7]: Table 1). For now, like Quillien, let us assume the unit of analysis is some (aggregate) human social unit relevant to some evolutionary process. Such a stance, i.e., the data representing something else than a U.S. state score, is in my view deeply problematic. Firstly, if one assumes the scores are something else, then one needs to explicitly define the unit of analysis *a priori*, otherwise it seems reasonable that the unit of analysis is indeed a U.S. state score. Let us tentatively define this alternative unit of analysis as "a social unit in which humans live(d) relevant to an evolutionary process." Why would a U.S. state then be representative of the pool of such social units in which humans lived? Perhaps these data can indeed tell us something about U.S. states, but it is unclear whether any documented statistical relationship would hold for other units fitting the broader definition. It is unclear whether any *statistical* inference can be done beyond U.S. states, as that is all we have. There is no logical reason to assume that any statistical relationship found for U.S. states should hold, for other "human social units," such as for example: world regions, Canadian provinces, Polynesian chiefdoms, 19th century German states, hunter gatherer populations,.... Let alone that these different "human social units" can be meaningfully lumped together and assumed to be governed by the same evolutionary process, as Quillien seems to imply. In addition, suppose that we do follow Quillien\'s logic and pretend the pool is larger, and even infinite, then a different problem still arises: we have clearly drawn a biased sample (Good and Hardin, [@B3]). "Traditional" statistical inference based on rejecting a null hypothesis in the population cannot be applied in the first place as there was no random sampling. For example, Canadian provinces are underrepresented, absent even, in our sample, while they are in our statistical population.
Perhaps I am thus opposed to logical induction, and view moving from U.S. states to other not clearly defined "units" as problematic and Quillien does not. I will leave the reader to decide but it seems a much safer bet to stick to inferences about U.S. states, and not even rely on these data to make any inference on, for example, Canadian provinces. Ideally, researchers would then define and measure those, rather than assuming that one process must govern all these units.
Finally, if we take these state level data to be representative of processes at an *individual* level ("the human mind"), as several authors including Quillien seem to suggest, then the ecological fallacy looms: inferences from one level of statistical analysis need not correspond to a different level of analysis (see Robinson, [@B11]; Freedman, [@B2]; Kuppens and Pollet, [@B5]; Pollet et al., [@B8]). These arguments have been made at length elsewhere and will not be reiterated here.
In summary, in my view, the statistical inferences we can make based on units such as U.S. state scores can be about nothing else but U.S. states, as this is the *only* unit being sampled. One might want to strengthen the statistical and logical inference based on those data but this is likely invalid: either due to sampling bias and/or the ecological fallacy. I therefore maintain that the *p*-values commonly used for statistical inference are inappropriate for macro-level cross-cultural correlations when the sample matches the population closely.
Conflict of interest statement
==============================
The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
I am thankful to Gert Stulp, Toon Kuppens and Peter Dekker for helpful discussions on this topic. Any mistakes are obviously my own.
[^1]: Edited by: Martin Fieder, University of Vienna, Austria
[^2]: Reviewed by: Rosemary Hopcroft, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA; Georg Primes, University of Vienna, Austria
[^3]: This article was submitted to Evolutionary Psychology and Neuroscience, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology
|
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Q:
How to deal with a coworker who wants to be the expert even though he has no expertise?
I am a junior developer and there is a more senior dev on our team (but certainly not the most senior) who, while being a valuable and productive member, occasionally goes on a power trip and decides that he's going to "optimize" something. These events usually go like this:
him: "We should do A,B,C because it will increase our productivity for D,E,F reasons. I'll start this work now. Everyone can adopt the new system when I'm done"
me or someone else: "Wait. That doesn't make any sense and will introduce problems H,I,J."
him: "Oh, I didn't know that, thanks for informing me. So I'll do K,L,M instead."
me or someone else: "That's still overly complicated and doesn't gain us anything, can we just keep what we have?"
him: "Oh, I guess so. I was just trying to learn and help."
Maybe 1/5 times his idea has merit and he proceeds with it, the rest of the time it causes confusion, wasted time, and aggravation on the team. Sometimes the exchanges can get fairly heated with multiple people wasting an entire day replying to this thread.
For example, this week's issue is that he's appointed himself the team expert on designing our migration to git. Nevermind the fact that he has never used git once in his life, and that we have an in-house team dedicated to helping with git transitions.
I assume that this is an effect of his own frustration at lack of career advancement or something. Either way, this happens once or twice a month to the point that it is affecting my own job satisfaction.
By stepping in like I (and my other teammates) do, I feel that I am accomplishing two things:
Curbing ridiculous ideas before he sinks to much time into them, or causes more confusion than necessary.
By taking an adversarial tone, I am definitely contributing (or causing?) interpersonal conflict on the team.
My question is:
I am under no delusion that I can change his habits, so what can I, as a junior member of the team, do to reduce the amount of conflict, and ultimately increase my own happiness?
A:
In a team project everyone has right to contribute or voice their opinion. One of your concern probably is how he is declaring his idea as next execution step instead of asking your opinion on it. However, complaining on just how he presents his idea may not be the right thing to do.
Curbing ridiculous ideas before he sinks to much time into them
This is very subjective. Lot of ideas which sound ridiculous at first are actually very good ideas. Like you said 1 out of 5 idea is actually good. I do not think you will ever be able to objectively decide on the quality of the idea just by listening to it once.
By taking an adversarial tone,
I do not think that is your job either. If anyone, it should be your team leader or manager who is responsible for the project management. If it is a genuine concern, you and your other team members can discuss this to the project manager and let them decide how to handle it. You can try to give some examples from past on how it created confusion in the team but in my experience it is very difficult to make a convincing and conclusive argument that he is responsible for loss of productivity. There will be always another side to it which will contradict yours.
Finally, I am surprised that behavior of a team member towards a project is causing you unhappiness and threatening your job satisfaction. You will never have a perfect team in any company or any project. Part of the challenge and maturity process is to learn to work with all kinds of people. You may like some and you may not like others. You are obviously posting this question here to get this learning but I think you are already making a conclusion in your question about him and about the effect it will have on you.
Keep an open mind and enjoy the work. Worst case is you would have listen to some "ridiculous" ideas in your meetings and spend some time on that. Is it really that bad? You will have to deal with lot bigger challenges than this.
|
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Q:
Reverse turning of Stepper motor
I have a stepper motor connected to my Arduino like this using the ULN2003A Darlington Array:
(Ignore the potentiometer)
And I have programmed it with the following code:
#include <Stepper.h>
int in1Pin = 22;
int in2Pin = 23;
int in3Pin = 24;
int in4Pin = 25;
Stepper motor(512, in1Pin, in2Pin, in3Pin, in4Pin);
void setup()
{
pinMode(in1Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in2Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in3Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in4Pin, OUTPUT);
motor.setSpeed(25);
}
void loop()
{
int steps = 360;
motor.step(steps);
delay(500);
}
At the moment the motor rotates clockwise, how could I have it so it rotates in the opposite direction?
My code was copied and edited from here.
The problem was that I had the two middle wires the wrong way round as said here: http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?PHPSESSID=kvi8dt2b5en5hhk02dlmjrotl5&topic=143276.msg
A:
The answer is simple. Just pass a negative number of steps as an argument to motor.step();.
Another note: You forgot a semicolon on your second to last line. IIRC this doesn't matter in C, but it's just bad practice to do this. If you add a line of code below that, then it won't work.
Example code:
#include <Stepper.h>
int in1Pin = 22;
int in2Pin = 23;
int in3Pin = 24;
int in4Pin = 25;
Stepper motor(512, in1Pin, in2Pin, in3Pin, in4Pin);
void setup()
{
pinMode(in1Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in2Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in3Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in4Pin, OUTPUT);
motor.setSpeed(25);
}
void loop()
{
int steps = 360;
motor.step(steps);
delay(100);
steps = -360;
motor.step(steps);
delay(500); //Semicolon added
}
|
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Josaia Tavaiqia
Ratu Sir Josaia Tavaiqia, KBE (1931 – 17 November 1997) was a Fijian chief and politician, who served as one of two Vice-President of Fiji from 1990 until his death in 1997. (From 1990 to 1999, Fiji had two Vice-Presidents concurrently).
Tavaiqia, who held the chiefly title of Tui Vuda, or Paramount Chief of Vuda, one of the subdivisions of Ba Province, died on 17 November 1997 at the age of 66. He was succeeded, both as Tui Vuda and as Vice-President by Ratu Josefa Iloilo.
Tavaiqia was a civil servant before he ventured into politics, serving as a Cabinet Minister in the administration of Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara in the 1970s-1980s. He was well known for his efforts to improve the livelihood of the people of the Ba Province. During his tenure as Minister for Forests, Tavaiqia negotiated with landowners to lease marginal land with little use for any agricultural development to the Fiji Pine Commission and later Fiji Pine Limited.
References
Category:1931 births
Category:1997 deaths
Category:Fijian chiefs
Category:Vice-Presidents of Fiji
Category:Politicians from Lautoka
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The White House is touting new economic numbers that famous economists once predicted would never happen under President Trump.
The conflicting predictions came early in 2017, when Trump and his official budget proposal forecasted more than 3 percent annual economic growth under his presidency.
The data are in and the economy grew at a 3.1 percent rate from the fourth quarter of 2017 to the fourth quarter of 2018, one measure of annual growth, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. That is the first time in 13 years that it’s been over 3 percent, the White House notes. The administration attributes the gains to tax cuts, deregulation and other pro-growth policies.
GOVERNMENT REPORT SAYS US BUDGET DEFICIT SET TO HIT $897B
Former Harvard President and Obama economic adviser Larry Summers was one of the most outspoken in saying such growth wouldn't happen.
"The budget forecasts that U.S. economic growth will rise to 3.0 percent because of the administration’s policies," Summers wrote in a 2017 Washington Post article.
"Fair enough if you believe in tooth fairies and ludicrous supply-side economics," Summers added.
Criticism of the 3 percent estimate had been widespread. Nobel-prize winning Princeton economist Paul Krugman also called such growth "implausible" while also adding that it's "not impossible, but not something that should be anyone’s central forecast."
In 2016, Krugman also predicted that, because Trump won the election, "we are very probably looking at a global recession, with no end in sight."
Summers and Krugman did not respond to requests for comment.
Kevin Hassett, Chair of Trump’s Council of Economic Advisors, told Fox News that, “They were wrong because they failed to update their model to account for the latest developments in the scientific literature.” He added that tax cuts for companies helped drive growth beyond what many predicted.
Media outlets had also piled on in 2017 to assail the 3 percent projection.
At the Los Angeles Times, Pulitzer-prize winning reporter Michael Hiltzik ran a piece in 2017 titled, "If Trump thinks he can get more than 3% economic growth, he's dreaming."
Hiltzik still defends his prediction, noting that when growth is measured in a slightly different way -- comparing the entire year of 2017 to the entire 2018 -- growth is actually 2.9 percent instead of 3.1 percent -- just short of the target.
"It’s 2.9 percent... it points to the difficulty Trump has faced in reaching his promised goal on a sustained basis," Hiltzik wrote in a February 28 article doubling down against Trump administration predictions.
The Bureau of Economic Analysis presents both the 2.9 percent figure and the 3.1 percent figure side-by-side in its tables. They are different methods of calculating the same thing: annual growth.
The White House notes that Obama’s former chairman of the Council of Economic Advisors, Jason Furman, calls the 3.1 percent method “a better measure of how the economy actually performed in 2018.” The council “has done it that way for decades,” Hassett noted.
That's because the 3.1 percent measure more directly looks at growth in 2018. The 2.9 percent measure, on the other hand, is impacted by the GDP number from way back in the first quarter of 2017.
Back then, Business Insider's Senior Finance Correspondent, Linette Lopez, also slammed 3 percent GDP growth predictions as "the most delusional part" of Trump's economic plan.
Her article mentioned that Trump's economic advisors said tax cuts and deregulation would do the trick, but she chided, "that's not how GDP growth works."
She also quoted Carnegie Mellon University economics professor Lee Branstetter, who said, "it's essentially mathematically impossible to get the growth they're talking about."
Asked by Fox News about that prediction, Branstetter said a single year of 3 percent growth didn’t cut it.
“I never meant to claim that 3 percent growth in one year was mathematically impossible, especially if an administration is willing to run massive fiscal deficits in peacetime. But moving the US to a permanently higher growth trajectory of 3 percent or better IS mathematically impossible under current conditions,” Branstetter told Fox News. He cited immigration limits and the need for faster productivity growth as conditions preventing a long-term growth rate of 3 percent or greater.
In line with that, the Federal Reserve has not increased its long-run forecast for the economy, despite the economic growth in 2018. Before Trump’s win, the Fed predicted 1.8 percent long run annual growth; in its most recent estimate, it still predicts 1.8 percent long-run growth.
The Fed’s forecasts don’t always turn out right. Before Trump’s win, in September 2016, Fed forecasters predicted just 2 percent growth for 2018, even though it turned out to be around 3 percent.
A 1 percent difference in GDP growth works out to $187 billion dollars, or about $500 per American.
Branstetter pointed to forecasts that predict slowing growth in the future.
“The sugar high from Trump’s tax cuts will fade, and reality will set in. In fact, data from the fourth quarter suggest it is already happening.”
Back in 2017, not all analysts called Trump’s predictions hopeless. The financial outlet Bloomberg ran with: "Trump’s goal of at least 3 percent to 4 percent won’t be easy, yet it’s not entirely unattainable." CNNMoney's Paul La Monica wrote an article quoting a cement company CEO and a Wall Street financial analyst who both said 3 percent growth was likely to happen under Trump.
"Even if the economy grows at a more modest 3 percent clip over the next few years, Trump will likely be able to take a victory lap," La Monica wrote.
The White House is now taking that victory lap, and Hassett says it vindicates Trump’s economic models and policies.
“We use state-of-the-art models to forecast GDP growth. We nailed our estimates,” Hassett said.
“No other Administration has been office for two full forecasting cycles without having experienced growth that falls below an official forecast for a calendar year,” he added. “For that reason, we believe our models and what they tell us about next year.”
Hassett predicts 3.2 percent growth for 2019.
Maxim Lott is Executive Producer of Stossel TV and creator of ElectionBettingOdds.com. He can be reached on Twitter at @MaximLott.
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There is known a hydraulic excavator as a typical one of such construction machines. In a hydraulic excavator, front members such as a boom and an arm, which constitute a front device, are operated by respective manual control levers. However, because the front members are coupled to each other through articulations for pivoting motion, it is very difficult to carry out excavation work over a predetermined area, particularly an area set by linear lines, by operating the front members. For this reason, there is a demand for enabling such work to be performed in an automatic manner. Various proposals for automating such work have been made.
According to International Laid-open Publication WO95/30059, for example, an excavation enable area is set on the basis of a body as a reference, and excavation is controlled such that when part of a front device, e.g., a bucket, comes close to the boundary of the excavation enable area, only movement of the bucket toward the boundary is slowed down, and when the bucket reaches the boundary of the excavation enable area, the bucket is allowed to move along the boundary of the excavation enable area while it is kept from moving out of the excavation enable area.
When a hydraulic excavator is designed to perform the above-mentioned work in an automatic manner, the posture and height of the hydraulic excavator itself are varied due to change in topography of the work site if a body of the excavator is moved. This means that the area set with respect to the body must be set again whenever the body is moved. In view of the above, JP, A, 3-295933 proposes an automatic excavation method for overcoming that drawback. The proposed automatic excavation method comprises the steps of detecting a height of an excavator body by a sensor, which is mounted on the body, using a laser beam from a laser oscillator installed on the ground to be excavated, determining an excavation depth (corresponding to the limited area in the above related art) based on the detected height of the body, excavating the ground linearly over a predetermined length while the body is kept stopped, then traveling the body by a predetermined distance, detecting change in height of the body by using the laser beam before excavating the ground linearly again while the body is kept stopped, and modifying the excavation depth in accordance with the detected change in the body height.
Also, U.S. Pat. No. 4,829,418 proposes another automatic excavation method in which the excavation depth is modified by using a laser beam. This proposed automatic excavation method comprises the steps of setting a desired excavation depth (HTTRGT) with a laser beam as a basis, mounting a laser sensor on an arm, calculating a distance (HTACT) from the laser beam to a bucket prong of a front device at the moment the laser sensor detects the laser beam during excavation, and controlling associated actuators in accordance with a result of comparison between HTTRGT and HTACT so that the bucket prong is moved near the desired excavation depth.
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"11th January 1982." "Until that day, there were no major skirmishes... between the Bombay police and the underworld... that the public remembered." "I was all fired up... to change the course of history." "I am..." "Manya Surve!" "I am Assistant Commissioner of Police, Afaaque Baagraan." "I was to change the course of history." "Until that day, the police force was shackled by laws and directives." "I unshackled them!" "This is the tale of that very first police encounter." "Manohar..." "Manohar..." "Manohar... what's the answer to the fifth question?" "Show me." "Sir!" "Yes 7" "Okay." "What's up, Manohar?" "All good." "Through with your tests?" "Yes ." "How did you do?" "Good." "How long are you going to sulk?" "You look better when you smile." "Here..." " Don't talk to me!" "Couldn't you help me?" "It was one question..." "What's wrong is wrong and..." "'And I never do anything wrong!" "'" "Tell me something... we've been seeing each other for four years." "We love each other but you've never taken me to your place... you haven't introduced me to your mother yet!" "Now isn't that wrong?" "All in good time." "'All in good time!" "'" "I haven't met your family yet, wonder when you will meet my family!" "I will do both!" "But first stop sulking and stop fighting." "You fight when someone hurts you..." "And it hurts when you love someone." "Right?" "Have this." "Will you marry me even if your mother doesn't approve of me?" "No way!" "I'll go with my mother's choice." "Mom..." "Come." "Manohar..." "This is Vidya." "I told you about her." "Season's greetings." "Today is a very auspicious day!" "Come in..." "Manya is lucky to have you." "What's a sweet girl like her doing with you?" "Well... she loves him." "And why not?" "This family is famous for two things." "Mom's chicken gravy and her blue-eyed boy." "Dada..." "Aren't you on the run?" "On the run for what?" "Just because I beat up Bhatkars goon and broke his ribs?" "When you aren't here, Bhatkars goons harass us." "They ask about you." "How long do we continue like this?" "When will this be over?" "It will be over soon, trust me." "Once I get rid of Bhatkar, everything will be fine." "Don't think about this." "You should think about Manya's wedding." "It will be a grand event." "We'll put up lights for three days and play movies for everyone." "Bhargav." " Manohar." "What the.." "Leave me." "Leave me." "Leave me." "Manohar, why don't you do something?" "What if he is your step-brother?" "Save him..." "Or he will die." "Save him..." "I've grown up with what you saw today." "My step-dad could barely afford to feed us... but he beat the hell out of us!" "My mom... she was so busy saving me from his rage"" "...that she forgot to save herself." "That is why graduating from college is very important for me." "I could have told you the answer during the test... but I don't want to do anything that will bring down my ambition." "Once I graduate and get a job..." "I will walk away from it all." "Don't worry, Manohar." "Everything will be okay." "Can you not be on time for once?" "The test results are out today." "I went to the temple to pray." "Oh please!" "My mom and dad will be here soon." "But first the results." "You have to meet them." "Of course!" "Oh yes." " Vishal..." " Yes." "Roll number 118... what did I score?" "Let me check." "3-0-2!" "Section 302." "What will you do with the result?" "Even if the ink in your pen is clean... you have rogue blood running through your veins." "What did I do?" "You and your brother are charged with murder." "But I did nothing." "Why are you hitting me?" "Are you embarrassed of being hit in front of everyone?" "Weren't you embarrassed when you committed murder?" "This is not right, sir." "You stopped a policeman?" "How dare you?" "Why are you beating him up?" "Stop." "What's going on?" "Who is he?" "I don't know." "Open it." "Please let me go." "I studied hard so that I could be an honest family man like you." "Please!" "Ho nest?" "What makes you think I am honest?" "My own kids think I'm a scoundrel." "Sir, this will ruin my life." "Please, I did nothing wrong." "You are right." "You did nothing wrong." "Your father did everything wrong." "He gave birth to two rascals!" "Book him under section 302!" "Sir..." "Get in!" "To hell with Bombay Police!" "You tricked me... you betrayed" "Shut up!" "Shut up!" "Your game is over." " Pawar..." " Yes sir." " Take us to Sion Hospital." " Okay." "All of you have betrayed us." "If you had respected the police uniform.." "...you wouldn't be down in the dust." "I'll be down in the dust the day I turn into ash." "I am still alive." "Your bullets turned out to be useless." "I'm surprised... your blood seems to have run dry... but you haven't lost the nerve!" "You know, destiny gives everyone their fair share of life... but now your destiny has reached it's end." "First bring the criminals sentenced for life." "Come on." "Get in line." "Move." "He won't be hungry." "Rather than let your share of food go waste, it's better that Sheikh Munir has everything from your plate." "You shared your meal with me, so I owe you." "Otherwise you would be lying on this table like your brother." "Remember this... in here you can fight, kill or be killed." "But you can't talk." "Never talk to the jailer." "Get it?" "Who was it?" "I don't know." "I didn't see the face." "It's your first day in here and you're talking like a pro!" "If your fancy dress competition is over, can I leave?" "Let them go and lock up Potya in a solitary cell." "Munir... thank you." "You can drop the thank you." "Two bottles of alcohol is the price... to kill you and your brother." "Whom did you kill?" "No one..." "I am innocent." "You know, an innocent in a jail"" ""and a condom in a brothel have absolutely no value!" "You look for one, you'll get a thousand!" "The thing is he got one bottle"" ""and in four weeks Potya will be released... and head for the second bottle." "That means, you have four weeks to live and..." "Potya has four weeks to drink." "No." "I have four weeks to plan." "And who will help you?" "You!" "Why would I do that?" "Because you owe me-." "If you don't go up to heaven, one day you will surely reach the top." "When is the wedding?" "Next month... but I haven't said 'yes'." "Why not?" "Whom are you waiting for'?" "You!" "Don't you want me to wait for you?" "You wouldn't ask if you really wanted to!" "If you weren't locked up in here, I wouldn't need to ask!" "Is it my fault that I am in here?" "Are you saying that I am to blame for this?" "When you know the answer, why do you want me to say it?" "Are you fighting with me or breaking up with me?" "I am doing precisely what you are here for!" "I am giving you your freedom." "Freedom isn't meant for either of us." "You are locked up in jail and I am paying the price for it." "What price are you talking about?" "You are out in the open." "You can get married to anyone you want." "You can live the life both of us dreamed of." "What do you want me to do?" "Say 'yes'." "Manohar..." "Your test results..." "It doesn't matter anymore." "Hello." "Hello." "Manya... this is Veera." "Hello." "He is so strong he can crush anyone." "The inmates fear Potya... but they not only fear Veera, they also respect him." "If anyone can help you... it is Veera." "What do you want?" "I want to learn from you." "Everybody wants to learn... but fighting isn't for kids." "And I'm not a kid." "I'll do everything you say." "It's the student that makes his master great." "If Eklavya hadn't cut off his thumb... no one would remember Drona today." "I'm ready to become Eklavya." "He cut off his own thumb..." "I'll cut off my own hand." "What do you say?" "In that case, you found Drona!" "The Olympic games state... victory and defeat don't matter... you have to play with pride." "I say to hell with pride, 'cause here your life is at stake!" "Kill or be killed!" "Manya..." "Manya, use the knife!" "The new don of Yerwada prison..." "Manya Surve." "A man has to become an animal before he can become a human being." "I chose the opposite route." "You will always be an animal.." ""And that's why you will die a dog's death!" "All thanks to the police." "Mothers don't give birth to criminals... it's the police that makes criminals out of men!" "It I hadn't killed Potya, he would've killed me." "Death was always eager to close in on you." "But you are fortunate that.." "...life surrendered to your charm once again." "I am shocked, officer." "I thought you are a coward who shoots fake bullets... but you are also a philosopher." "When I was in prison using my charm to seduce life... what were you up to?" "Back in those days the Mastan gang was terrorizing Bombay." "And the cops were helpless because"" "...the laws and official diktats gave no recourse." "Move back." "Sir!" "Did you take the victim's statement?" "She is in no state to talk... and I'm in no state to face her." "Careful." "Help her to sit." "Cover him." "Step out." "I can't change what has happened... but I promise that no one else will go through this pain again." "And for that I need you to help me." "Don't be afraid... tell me what happened." "My husband and I came from Lucknow to celebrate our honeymoon." "We had returned from watching a movie... and my husband was taking the key to our room." "That's when those goons came down and kept staring at me." "My husband and I came up to our room." "I was in the bathroom when..." "Where's she?" "Where's she?" " What happened?" "Move!" "There were two jerks." "Only the Mastan gang is capable of such atrocious acts." "Question the hotel staff and watchman." "No one will testify." "Why not?" "If they don't talk, torture them until they do." "We will torture them, but they will kill them." "Who will testify against the Mastan gang"" ""and see their kids become orphans?" "I have promised the girl that..." "I won't let anyone else suffer what she went through." "Is that promise worthless?" "At a time when even the cops are worthless"" "...you are holding on to a promise?" "Stop talking like a coward!" "We are responsible for what happened to her." "I agree someone else stripped her... but it's our apathy that ripped away her dignity." "And to make things worse... you talk to him." "Salaam-walekum." "Waleku m-a-salaam." "Bhende... his polite mannerisms are very potent." "Congratulations." "I mean, you solved another big case." "So, what do you think?" "I don't think it was difficult." "The crime took place in a crowded area... so you have plenty of eye-witnesses." "And our cops are renowned for their competence." "When a lion grows old, even dogs bark at him." "You too can say what you want." "Tomorrow when you print this report in your newspaper... the morale of the cops will go for a toss!" "What morale are you talking about?" "The eunuchs have better morale than the cops." "I mean, you can blame nature for their plight... but what's your excuse?" "Giving advice is easy, Sadik." "Do you have a solution?" "Of course, I do." "Come." "Have you seen the film, 'Sholay'?" "Not another story!" "There was a dialogue in that film..." "'Only iron can cut iron.'" "What are you getting at?" "Zubair and Dilawar Haksar." "Constable llmtiaz's sons?" "Yes ." "Since you can't get Dharmendra and Amitabh from Sholay... you'll have to make do with them." "Where can I find them?" "Salaam-walekum." "Salaam-walekum." " Salam!" "Salaam-walekum." "Salaam-walekum." "Salaam-walekum." "Hey!" "Dilawar..." "Name?" "Zubair lmtiaz Haksar." "Dilawar lmtiaz Haksar." "Get inside." "I want you to work for me." "Doing what?" "The same thing you were doing back there." "You mean what the cops don't have the guts to do." "No, I mean, what the cops aren't permitted to do." "I want this city clean... and for that it's important to wipe out the Mastan gang." "With that sort of cleaning... the streets of Bombay will be drenched in blood, not soap water." "Will do." "The cops won't trouble you, I can guarantee you that." "I'm impressed." "That sounds like Subhash Chandra Bose's independence slogan..." "'Give me your blood and I'll give you your freedom.'" "Do you accept?" "We'll think about it." "Dilawar said, we'll think about it." "You're saying 'Sholay'.." "...transformed Dilawar and Zubair from a spark to a flame?" "'Sholay' did a lot more." "Sadik believed himself to be..." "'Thakur' and Dilawar and Zubair as his 'Jai and Veeru'." "Under that presumption... he published the pictures of Yakub and Batla in his newspaper." "Walekum, Sadik." "Waleku m-a-salaam..." "Check out the first page." "I can't believe you published their pictures." "Is that a wise move?" "It's the truth." "It may not be wise to speak the truth... but it's better than to lie like a coward." "Sometimes cowardice helps people stay alive." "It's heartening to see the concern in your advice." "Here." "Well, it's our duty to warn you." "And it's my duty to publish the facts." "As long as you are around, I have nothing to worry." "Did you meet Bhende?" "You recommended us to him?" "You want us to work for the cops?" "Not at all." "In fact, the cops will work for you." "Is that so?" " Shinde..." " Yes sir." "Get the Head Office to send an arrest warrant for Batla and Yakub." "Bhende, request for ammunition from the armory." "Keep the force on standby." "We have to move fast." "Their pictures and address are out in the newspaper." "We have all the information except their blood group." "The newspaper has made our task easy." "The least we can do is arrest them." "No cops have ever entered that area." "I know." "That's why those scoundrels do what they want, wherever they want to." "I am going there to arrest them." "You are welcome to come along." "We will go in wearing uniforms and come out in a shroud." "Let's tie the shroud on our head." "Once we arrest Yakub and Batla, we can pin the medals on our uniform." "What do you say?" "Let's go!" "Everybody wants to be a hero." "Amitabh Bachchan has brainwashed everybody!" "How much?" " .50 paise." "It can't get easier than this." "He is alone." "A bull may stand alone but... his flock is sure to be around." "What?" "11 o'clock." "2 o'clock." "What's our move?" "12 to 3 is yours." "Bhende, you take on 3 to 6." "And I will handle 6 to 12." "What happened?" "Forget it." "Yakub..." "Your picture doesn't do you justice." "You are more fearsome in real life." "Do you have any idea what you've just said?" "How dare you come into my area and insult me?" "Come along quietly or... this picture will be part of tomorrow's obituary column." "Who are you?" "Afaaque Baagraan..." " Tea." "Inspector Afaaque Baagraan." "You are here to take me away?" "Yes ." "How?" "Police van." "There's no police van that can hold Yakub Lala." "In that case..." "I'll call for an ambulance." "Don't move or you're dead." "Sit!" "Move." "Move." "Take him." "That was a fabulous sequence." "You should sell it to a film producer." "Instead of a medal, you'll get money." "I got something better than medals and money." "Satisfaction." "Satisfaction that Bombay had... one less scoundrel to fear." "While you arrested one... two more were planning their escape from Ratnagiri prison." "Manya!" "Come." "Manya!" "Mince meat for lunch?" "You're right!" "I am sure I have sautéed potato." "What did I tell you?" "Sautéed potato and okra!" "I'm tired of this." "The okra is good." "What do you think you're doing?" " Where's your lunch box?" " I don't have one." "Your wife didn't pack lunch for you today?" "She gave nothing!" "That's nothing new." " Hello?" " Your wife cooks mince meat well." "Can't stop licking my fingers." "Didn't she pack that for your son's lunch?" "Who is this?" "Batla!" "Where is my son?" "He is in school right now." "But when they have their lunch break in 30 minutes... and your son opens his lunch box... instead of mince meat, he will get a bomb." "And instead of your son, you will get mince meat." "Ambat, trace this call and get Batla's location." "Bhende, head to the school with a squad." "Okay." "Get the car." "Sir!" "Listen... check the classrooms on the ground floor and also check the ground." "Okay." "Move it!" "Hey..." " What?" "You do something wrong and we'll stop you." "You commit a crime and we'll shoot you." "As long as you're around, so will we." "And this strife will continue... strife will continue." "No, sir..." "But we never drag our family into this mess." "You better remember this, Batla." "Take him away." "Come on." "Let's go." "Come on." "Listen... the law doesn't allow me to grant you this right." "But my religion doesn't allow me to snatch this right from you." "Take this..." "Take this..." "And do as you wish." "You and me aren't very different." "Our weakness was our family." "You saved your son... and were proclaimed a hero." "While I saved my brother and was branded zero." "You could've become a better person in prison, if you wanted to." "But it's more tempting to become completely ruthless, isn't it?" "Second chances are found only in stories... not real life." "My story was set in stone the day... that crook Inspector Ambolkar falsely accused me in the police FIR." "Is that why you.." "...got a string of FIR's in every police station in Bombay?" "No, I did something else before that." "Munir..." "We haven't done anything yet... we haven't even joined a gang." "And this is where you want to be." "That's because... over here you don't need to be married to enjoy the benefits." "Hey look, I am that Bruce... who has practiced self control for 8 long years!" "At least let me take a look and... find out if my pistons are in order." "You don't need to check." "Weapons catch rust, warriors don't." "You're right!" "Moreover, Romeo's are in short supply here, not Juliet's!" ""Only for a clay."" ""For a moment."" ""I want to be your bride for a day."" ""I've been waiting 79' You"." ""Let me bathe in this fragrance of love."" ""Only for a clay."" ""She'll steal your heart."" ""She'll steal your life."" ""She'll steal your loyalty."" ""Laila's gonna.."" ""Laila's gonna.."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""She'll take one look at you."" ""She'll pierce your heart."" ""She'll take one look at you."" ""She'll pierce your heart."" ""She'll change the ambiance."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""She makes your heart throb."" ""Her attitude's unique."" ""She can enthrall you."" ""Make you unconscious."" ""Lovers hover around her."" ""She can do anything."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""Laila's got intoxicating eyes."" ""Her attitude so enthralling."" ""She's got a sexy gait."" ""She's just awesome."" ""And that curvy waist."" ""She's not going to spare you."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""She'll steal your heart."" ""She'll steal your life."" ""She'll steal your heart."" ""She'll steal your life."" ""She'll steal your loyalty."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" ""Laila's gonna rob you clean."" "Hey... come with me." "Let me go!" " I said, come." " Leave my hand!" "Why are you forcing her?" "She's a prostitute." "And a prostitute has no rights in a brothel." "She is a woman too." "And every woman has a right." "Are you her pimp?" "Your first mistake was to grab her hand." "Your second mistake was to hit her." "I suggest you don't make another mistake." "Because if you do, I'll hit you so much... that your body won't know which wound hurts the most!" "Wow!" "Women have been controlling men right from the Garden of Eden." "An apple is all I asked for and... you threw me out of paradise!" "One look at the emperor... and the empire changed hands..." "What will become of you?" "The one whose hand you are holding is my sweetheart." "If she is your sweetheart, she doesn't belong in a brothel." "She deserves a mansion... where people respect her and not pay to use her!" "It's not his mistake." "He protected me." "Thank you." "Hold on." "I can't accept your money." "Let me know if you have any work for me." "Fine." "Come to Mohammad Ali Road tomorrow." "Where at Mohammed Ali Road?" "You don't enter an empire and ask for the emperor's address." "The lowered heads of the slaves will lead you on the right path." "Allah-hafiz!" "Salaam-walekum..." "I am Sheikh Mohammed Yunus Munir." "Born in Bhiwandi, that's where I grew up and earned my notoriety." "At the age of 11 I committed my first robbery and... at the age of 13 I went to prison for the first time." "As soon as I turned 18, I was sentenced for 8 years." "That's enough!" "You are going to ask for work, not for your dad's dowry!" "Jerk!" "Either way, I have to ask." "And I request you not to create any trouble." "Also button up your shirt, don't try to be a stud!" "Salaam-walekum, bhai." "Walekum." "I am Sheikh Mohammed Yunus Munir." "Born in Bhiwandi, that's where I grew up and earned my notoriety." "At the age of 11 I committed my first robbery and... at the age of 13 I went to prison for the first time." "What can you do?" "Whatever you want me to." "Kidnapping, arson, robbery, murder, rape... if the girl is pretty." "What can you do?" "A human body has 206 bones"" ""and the Indian constitution defines 1670 laws." "I break everything from bones to laws." "Crops..." "Rain helps crops grow, not thunder." "If I wanted to grow crops, I'd till the land in a village..." "I wouldn't come to the city to use a gun." "That's the way he talks." "We just want to work with you." "Dilawar.." "But you sure use your mouth a lot." "It's better than licking someone's behind!" "This is my brother, Dilawar." "Don't stare at him or raise your voice with him." "Get it?" "What?" "What?" "If today weren't the first day of Ramadan... we'd sell your flesh at the abattoir!" "Talk some sense into him." "It's your territory." "Every lion has a territory." "Hey!" "Not just this territory." "You can go anywhere in Bombay... there's only one lion..." "Zubair lmtiaz Haksar." "Take your friend and go away." "Don't you ever come back." "I will." "And the day I come back... the jungle will be the same... but a different lion." "Manya..." "let's go"" "I warned you not to create any trouble." "Now we are doomed." "No other gang in Bombay will ever hire us." "I don't want to join someone's gang." "I will start my own gang." "Sounds like a plan but... two people don't make a gang." "Who do we take on?" "Here you go." " Thank you, madam." " Okay." "Ladies and gentlemen, today you can beat this wrestler." "Five rupees!" "For five rupees you get five minutes to vent your anger on him." "Had a tough morning with your wife?" "The boss chew your brains all day?" "Rising inflation eating your wages?" "Your wife trying to seduce your neighbor'?" "Worried your salary will never be enough?" "This is your chance to vent your anger!" "Come- on!" "Time up..." "That's it!" "You are ours for the next 10 minutes." "What are you doing here?" "We want to recruit you in our gang." "If I join you, I won't be alive for long." "You jerk, you call this life?" "You were better off in prison." "At least you commanded respect." "Don't you raise your hand." "We paid the kid." "Listen, Veera..." "I can't guarantee that you will have a respectable life." "But I assure, you will be respected as long as you live." "What do you say?" "I am not as learned as you are." "But life has taught me that"" "...friends and opportunities don't come by often." "Why did you hit me?" "Your time is up!" "This is Gyancho, a shooter." "Is that really your name?" "I was kidding... sit." "What will you have?" "Milk?" "Ice cream?" "Veera, get some ice cream for the kid." "Very funny!" "Now can we get down to business?" "Business?" "So, instead of playing with marbles, you're playing with bullets." "Enough!" " Or else..." " Or else what?" "You'll go to your mom and cry?" "I'll shoot you!" "You jerk, you'll shoot me?" "If you act smart, you won't be left with any marbles at all!" "Punk!" "Son-of-a" "Talk about being childish!" "Learn to handle the weapon before you learn to shoot." "Otherwise it may go off at the wrong place." "Now that you think I'm a child... do you want to see what I can do?" "You are so full of yourself!" "Yes, I am." "Because every bullet fired from my gun... salutes my marksmanship... before taking out my mark!" "Okay..." "Veera, give me a grape." "Here." "Let's see what you can do." "Manya, are you crazy?" "What if he misses?" "You'll never know." "You brought him, didn't you?" "Now it's either you or the grape." "Veera, why didn't you get a watermelon today?" "!" "Not from here... from there." " Manya.." "Manya, we want a shooter." "Not an Olympic gold medalist..." "Right?" "Take it easy, you jerk!" "Now that was a first." "Grape blows up there and the juice flows down there!" "Get in." "Get in." "Don't move." "Get down." "You too." "Come on." "Hand over the money." "Don't move or I'll shoot." "Quiet!" "Let's go, Manya," "I've told you a million times..." "Bhatkar Dada rules over Agar Bazaar area." "And only he can demand a share from the sales." "Yet you've come back!" "What's your answer to Manya Surve?" "You want an answer for Manya Surve?" "You want an answer?" "Here..." "Come- on!" "Now who the hell are you?" "Manohar Arjun Surve." "Manya Surve." "Did you just piss in your pants?" "From now on every time you hear my name... you will pee in fear!" "I will pay you every week." "I swear..." "I will." "Look what's written." "What are you reading?" "The article says Pappu Patil is terrified and... has refused to divulge the name of the assailant." "According to sources it was Manya Surve." "His terror has been spreading"" "...all over Dadar and Agar Bazaar like wildfire." "So tell me... what do you want to talk about?" "We've heard that you don't have children." "Yeah." "Hence, we've found an heir for you." "Really?" "Starting today 50 %of your illegal earnings belong to Manya Surve." "When you retire in a few years, he will take over everything." "Some years ago a cockroach like you stepped up to become the don." "I gave him the same example but he ignored it." "And he was squashed." "What was his name..." "Surve..." "Bhargav Surve." "Moreover..." "I even got Ambolkar to arrest his younger brother under section 302." "I had them killed in prison." "That was the end of them." "If you had given us our share, instead of narrating this tale... your story wouldn't end today." "What do you mean?" "I guess you didn't hear my name." "Manya Surve." "Bhargav Surve's younger brother." "You're going to kill me here in this market?" "What about him?" " What's your name?" " Jamaal." "You want to work?" "Yeah." "What did you do for him?" "I was his bodyguard." "Come." "Now you have to guard our bodies!" "Tell me something... what does your name mean?" "Gyancho means someone who is very intelligent." "What can you teach us today?" "So, my teaching for today." "A man's world revolves around his girl." "And there are three chapters to every girl." "Chapter one..." "When you are trying to charm her.." "...you sing Kishore Kumar's love songs." ""The beautiful evening..."" ""Close to my heart."" " Correct." "You charm her and you start seeing her." "Chapter two..." "Sing songs by Rafi." "When you've already charmed her, why do you need Rafi's songs?" "Idiot!" "Don't you want some excitement?" "Rafi's super romantic songs are perfect for that." ""I can never forget."" ""The moments spent together"" "What's the third chapter?" "Chapter three..." "Songs by Mukesh." "When the girl breaks your heart and leaves you all alone..." "Mukesh's soulful songs are like.." "...a balm that will soothe your heartbreak." "And then?" "What else?" "Start with Kishore all over again... and a new girl." "And romance will blossom one again." "The 'Kishore, Rafi, Mukesh' cycle keeps turning." "Rascals!" "Waiter." " Yes sir." " What the hell is this?" "How can they use such language?" "Cheers!" "Excuse me, sir... please don't use such language." "The other guests are complaining." "Brilliant!" "It's acceptable if he says 'fuck' in English..." "But he has a problem, if we use a cuss word in Hindi?" "Tell that English speaking idiot, 'Be Indian, Abuse Indian'." "Now get lost!" "Some people have nothing better to do." "Excuse me gentlemen, is there a problem?" "I'm the manager here." " What the"" "Sorry, madam, we were only kidding." "Enjoy your meal." ""Hey Manya.."" ""Listen Manya."" ""Hey Manya.."" ""Listen Manya."" ""Let the booze flow."" ""Just live your life."" ""Hey Manya.."" ""Listen Manya."" ""Hey Manya.."" ""Listen Manya."" ""Wonder where I lost track of life."" ""All my dreams were shattered."" ""The wind drifted us apart."" ""We danced to the tunes of fate."" ""The intoxication soothes my pain."" ""Let the booze flow."" ""Hey Manya.."" ""Listen Manya."" ""Let the booze flow."" ""Let the booze flow."" ""Just live your life."" "After returning to Bombay didn't you meet your mother?" "If I had been released from prison, I would have." "But when you escape from prison.." "...you don't find your mother on that path." "A mother always forgives her children." "She would've forgiven you." "No, she wouldn't... because I was her last hope." "Now she had given up on that hope too." "So you lost your sweetheart and your mother." "No... my sweetheart was waiting to be found." ""I felt so lifeless."" ""without You}." ""Now we're happy, let there be no pain."" ""Only love." "Only love."" ""Where will my passion take me?"" ""I feel alive now.."" "When did you start coming here?" "When you couldn't make it anymore." "I've heard your prayers are answered at this temple." "Now I believe it's true." "I had lost hope of seeing you here." "You have a habit of... giving up too soon." "While you have a habit of fighting." "You fight when someone hurts you." "And it hurts when you love someone." "I've heard that it hurts less as time passes by." "That's a lie." "The pain in my heart hasn't gone away.." "...since the day you married someone else." "What if I tell you that even after a year I still yearned for you... would that reduce your pain?" "And after that?" "Well, my parents stopped nagging me.." ""And I didn't have to say 'yes' anymore." ""I felt lost after we separated."" ""Don't ever leave me again."" ""Take me in your arms."" ""Don't ever shatter my dreams."" ""Now that we're together."" ""Let there be no sorrows." "Only love."" ""Come closer, my fate."" ""That's what I pray for."" ""My heart says.."" "".." "I want to be yours."" ""That-s my prayer."" ""That-s my prayer."" ""Where will my passion take me?"" ""I feel alive now in your eyes."" ""The sky cried along with me."" "Hey..." "I want four boxes." "Ambolkar... remember me?" "Are you a Bollywood star that I should know you?" "Manohar Arjun Surve." "Okay?" "Remember Bhargav Surve?" "College test results... section 302..." "Bhatkar's bribe..." "Of course!" "When did you get out of prison?" "I escaped." "Now you want to fight with a cop?" "I've been fighting with every cop because of you." "All cops are scoundrels!" "Remember what you had said?" "You said, 'my mother made a mistake, not me'." "Now you will regret why your father ever slept with your mother!" "I have a family..." "please forgive me." "Why?" "You had said, your family knows you are a scoundrel." "It won't make a difference to your family." "You enjoyed bringing the Bombay police down on it's knees." "And today your knees have given way." "What are you looking at?" "Your watch." "It's a cheap HMT watch." "Not a Rolex gifted by a don." "How does it matter, officer?" "Both display the time... but yours is also displaying your intention." "What do you mean?" "When you got into this vehicle, it was five past two." "Now it's 3 o'clock." "It takes 10 to 12 minutes to drive from Wadala College to Sion Hospital." "And 15 minutes if we're caught in traffic." "You've been driving around in circles... hoping that time will do the job your bullets failed to do." "But I won't die so easily." "If I can fire 10 bullets at you in a crowded area..." "I can easily fire one bullet through your head when we're alone." "You are still breathing as these wheels are turning because..." "I am interested in your story." "And I want to know what happened next." "It's in your interest to keep talking.." ""And don't try to change the end." "You will die, Manya because... while you were alive you made life hell for the police force and... even God's mercy can't save you today." "This place is awesome." "Imagine all the hot girls..." "It doesn't matter..." "Once the lights go off, all girls are Hema Malini and I am Shah Jahan!" "Shah Jahan was an idiot to build the Taj Mahal." "What would you have built?" " The Qutub Minarl" " Why?" "Because it's tall and it's been standing erect for all these years!" "This table is reserved." "Is it still reserved?" "No, sir." "Sorry." " For whom is it reserved?" " For Zubair." "For 365 days a year, this table, just like the rest of the city is... reserved for it's rightful owner." "Dogs mark their territory by pissing around the place... since when do lions do the same?" "You're funny." "Instead of becoming a don, I suggest you become a clown." "Do you think if you hire local goons and get rid of a cop... you own this table?" "Of course I do!" "This table and this city." "I guess you don't know the difference between owner and gatekeeper." " Son-of-a" " No... today is the festival of Gudi Padwa and... on this day we don't get into a fight." "Moreover, I am grateful to your brother." "If he hadn't hit me back then... today I would've been standing behind you." "You'd stand behind me and stab my back." "The day I attack, I'll make sure I stab your chest!" "In that case, I'll pray.." "...that it's neither Ramadan nor Gudi Padwa that day." "So you can neither run nor hide." "We'll know that day as to who runs and who hides." " Your drink?" " I don't drink." "He only has tea." "Why didn't you bring your family along?" "My wife went to her mother's place and took Salman along." "You are a lucky guy, Afaaque." "I mean, I often tell Suman to visit her mother, but she never goes" "Though her mother visits every 15 clays." "You'll catch up while I heat the food." "Did you read today's newspaper?" "Yes ." "All of us knew... that Ambolkar had it coming." "I have no problem with him being thrashed." "It would make no difference to me even if he were killed." "Then... what is the problem?" "The problem is he was wearing the uniform." "Whether the uniform is of an army officer or a cop... it assures the people that their country... their city is safe." "But when a local goon thrashes a cop on duty in front of a crowd... it's all of us who get thrashed." "The public trusts the uniform, not us." "You think the public trusts the uniform?" "Police officers themselves don't trust it." "Take Ambolkar for example." "He is so terrified by Manya that he has refused to lodge a complaint." "He went to the police headquarters dressed in a veil.." "...to apply for a transfer." "It seems he wants to go as far away from Bombay as possible." "What do you have to say about that?" "All I am saying is, what's happening is not good." "With a gun in hand, even a eunuch pretends to be a man." "And a goon with a gun thinks he is God." "Come- on!" "Don't think so much about Manya." "He is a small time goon, and soon he will die a dog's death." "Just because a match-stick is in a match-box, people think it is... only used to light a cigarette." "But we shouldn't forget that the same spark when fanned by... a breeze can engulf a pyre." "Let them burn each other's pyre!" "We will warm our hands in it's heat." ""Test me."" ""Come face me."" ""Test me."" ""Come face me."" ""My heart's open."" ""You're such a flirt."" ""Don't be so innocent."" ""Babli's naughty."" ""Babli's naughty."" ""Babli's naughty."" ""Don't be so innocent."" ""Babli's naughty."" ""I've been craving for so long."" ""Let's douse these emotions."" ""I've been craving for so long."" ""Let's douse these emotions."" ""No time to breathe."" ""Just the will to give love."" ""Put your heart on fire."" ""Come face me."" ""My heart's open."" ""You're such a flirt."" ""Don't be so innocent."" ""Babli's naughty."" ""Babli's naughty."" ""Babli's naughty."" ""Babli's naughty."" "Manohar... what's this?" "You escaped from prison?" "No, I've returned from a pilgrimage." "I've been sentenced for life." "If I hadn't escaped I'd be rotting inside." "This newspaper says you're Bombay's most dangerous gangster." "That's wrong." "I am... the don of Bombay." "What's gotten into you?" "I can't believe you are the Manohar I was in love with." "That Manohar is dead!" "Have you ever seen the ECG machine in a hospital?" "A slant in the stripe means the person is alive." "A straight stripe means he is dead." "The old Manohar was straight, so he died." "The new one is not and that's why he is alive." "The old Manohar was weak and naive... and the new one is strong and shrewd." "He was innocent yet he was imprisoned." "The new one is guilty yet he roams freely." "The old one was afraid of copying in a test... while the world is afraid of the new one!" "I am not afraid, Manohar." "And if you don't give this up, I go away." "Just like you did before?" "Where will you go?" "Whether a woman is a widow or someone's wife... there are thousands of creeps waiting to pounce on her." "If you are with me, no one will dare touch you." "Get it?" "But you will touch me." "And there's no difference between you and the others." "I find you disgusting." "What the" "You think there is a dearth of women?" "One word and they will do as I say." " How is Sadik doing?" " He is critical." "Did he give a statement?" "He won't talk to us but he is talking to those jerks." "Afaaque." "What did Sadik say?" "Why?" "You want to take his statement?" "Then what?" "Another arrest?" "Just like you did before?" "How did that help?" "They were released on bail in 10 days.." ""And this is what they did to Sadik." "I understand your anger, Zubair." "That's why I am tolerating your tone." "But mistake my tolerance as my weakness." "Not just weak, the police force is worthless." "You have guns but they are loaded with blanks." "Hey...!" "The bullets in a cop's gun are solid iron!" "Once you're shot.." "...you'll never complain of iron deficiency as long as you're alive." "Well then go after Batla and Lala." "Your words mean nothing to me." "Now we will take charge of the situation." "Natik was like a father figure." "To avenge his death, we will torture Mastan's gang like never before." "Take him away... or you will lose him, just like you lost Sadik." "Yeah." "Be prepared to receive two corpses!" "Let's go." "If you do anything rash, those corpses will be yours." "Forgive me, Dilawar." "Mistakes can be forgiven, not sins." "And that sin was your last mistake." "Kill him." "Ambat..." "This tea is so refreshing!" "You are unbelievable." "You are still sitting here." "It's general knowledge... the police is always late in arriving, so we thought we'd wait here." "Get in the car." "Do you have a warrant?" "Or a witness?" "The entire neighborhood has witnessed your act." "You're standing on a bird's nest." "These witnesses are like Gandhi's three monkeys but... they are loyal to us." "They don't hear anything against us... they don't see... they don't speak." "You want witnesses?" "They will come to you." "Trust me." "What the" "Boss.." "Dilawar..." "Don't worry, Batla." "We aren't kind enough to give you an easy death." "The more we make you suffer... the better Sadik's soul will rest." "Have you ever seen a headless hen?" "Have you seen it run around?" "The body just can't realize that its head is cut off." "You will run to Pydhonie Police station like a headless hen... and confess to all your crimes." "Sir..." "Sir, please arrest me." "Arrest me!" "I confess to all my crimes." "I am responsible for the Chawla Guest House incident..." "I killed Sadik..." "I also killed Yakub..." "Who cut your hands?" "I cut my own hands!" "You can charge me under any section you want, but please arrest me!" "Just arrest me." "Move it." "Arrest me..." "Hello, sir." "What's the latest?" "I've got solid information." "Today the underworld in Bombay will witness.." "...something that's never happened before." "Truce!" "Truce between Mastan and the Haksar brothers." " Where?" " At Maqsood's house." "We have come together for a truce... not to quarrel like street dogs." "Sir, we respect you a lot and that's why we are here." "We honor your judgment." "I promise you we won't wage this blazing war anymore." "But if anyone tries to kindle a spark... we will reduce them to ashes!" "Dilawar... do I have your word on this?" "Sir, we are all Muslims here." "And a true Muslim always sticks by his word." "All of you..." "Let's keep our hands on the Holy Koran... and make this truce solemn." "That historic truce was more of an orchestrated act." "They took a solemn oath on the Holy Koran." "They considered the Koran holy, I didn't." "Alamzeb and Amirzada were traitors." "Zubair and Dilawar failed to see their true colors." "You knew them yet you joined hands with them?" "When two people have a similar agenda... they can help themselves." "And you know very well, how much I wanted to... get rid of the Haksar brothers." "You've been swift in making your mark." "If you aren't quick enough, you are an easy target for your enemy." "Let's get to the point." "I want Zubair dead." "Can you do it?" "You're asking if I can hit a nail with a hammer?" "Manya, how could you say yes?" "It's not an easy task." "If it were easy, he wouldn't come to me." "Two gangs control Bombay city." "One gang has approached us for help... that makes them weaker than us." "And if we get rid of the other gang... who is the undisputed don of Bombay?" "Manya Surve!" "The Mastan gang controlled Bombay for 40 years." "Finally one man decided to take them on... to destroy them." "To rule this city with his fist." "Zubair." "And we are to kill him?" "People will talk about us in the same way after a 100 years." "And no one will remember Zubair, Dilawar or Mastan." "People will remember us." "Manya Surve and his gang!" "It's easy to become a criminal... but this is a shot at becoming a legend." "Who is with me?" "Manya, you will either kill or get us killed." "If you get us killed, we have no regrets." "But if you go for the kill, it will be a fight to remember." "Fill up the tank." "Sir, smoking is not" "Zubair... the jungle is the same, but the lion has changed." "A jackal doesn't become a lion by killing one." "All of you are jackals... that's why you are hunting in a pack." "Bloody jackals!" "Zubair lmtiaz Haksar, was an emperor and is still an emperor." "Well, this is Manya Surve's parting gift to an emperor." "Dilawar!" "Take a look, Manya Surve is standing in your lane." "Who the hell do you think you are?" " No, take it easy, Dilawar." " Let me go." "It's suicidal to step out." "Remember I had said..." "The day I attack, I'll make sure I stab your chest." "That new kid on the block..." "I'm going to bury him..." "The new don of Bombay..." "Manya Surve." "We don't have back up or weapons." "Come on, let's go." "With Zubair dead their gang is over." "Let me go." "We can kill Dilawar some other time."" ""The fire's raging.."" ""There's smoke around."" ""The fire's raging, there's smoke of love around."" ""The fire's raging, there's smoke of love around."" ""Who stole my heart?"" ""Here I am." "Manya's here."" ""Everyone's talking about me."" ""Here I am." "Manya's here."" ""Everyone's talking about me."" ""Here I am." "Manya's here."" ""Everyone's talking about me."" ""He stares at me."" ""Someone let him now."" ""Hold him tight."" ""He's mesmerized by my looks."" ""You cannot endure the pain of love."" ""I'll take any pain you give me."" ""I'll willingly accept any anguish."" ""I can do anything you wish."" ""I can do anything you wish."" ""Anything's possible for you."" ""You're special, you make my heart beat."" ""I'm floored on you."" ""Here he is." "Manya's here."" ""You're different, you're unique."" ""Here I am." "Manya's here."" ""Everyone's talking about me."" ""Here he is." "Manya's here."" ""You're different, you're unique."" ""Here I am." "Manya's here."" ""Everyone's talking about me."" "Let's go." "Is everyone ready?" "Of course, we are." "Don't spare anyone from Manya's gang." "He was barking like a dog in my lane." "Set Agar Bazaar on fire, if necessary." "Okay." "Where is Zubair?" "I asked, where is Zubair?" "He went to see Chitra." "He's never stayed this long with her." "Something is wrong." "Bhai, there's a call from J.J. Hospital." "Zubair-." "Sir, we're taking the body for post-mortem." "No!" "No one will touch him." "They have cut him ruthlessly." "Now it's my turn to cut." "As long as Zubair was alive, he kept Dilawar in check." "Now he will turn the underworld upside down." "Where Zubair's tale ends, Dilawar's begins." "The death is in their family... but the whole city will mourn tomorrow." "Vidya, open the door." "Manohar, go away!" "Vidya, open the door." "I won't open the door." "If you don't I'll break it down." "Vidya... open the door." "Don't create a scene!" "Go away." "Manohar..." "Why are you here?" "Didn't you say... 'One word and women would do as you say]?" "Then why are you here?" "I don't want such women." "I want you." "Why me?" "Because the Manohar that died, loved you." "And until Manya dies, he will only love you." "Allah!" "You're our benefactor." "Forgive their sins." "Accept our prayers." "Salaam!" "We are very sorry for your loss." "Is this why you wanted a truce?" "No, Dilawar." "All of us want peace." "Your brother's killer won't be spared." "I lost my brother." "And I will avenge his death." "I don't care what the population of this country is... but I will turn it into a cemetery." "Khuda-hafiz." "Did he tell you where Manya is?" "No." "I want Munir." " Let's go." " Munir..." "You go ahead, I'm not feeling too well." "I guess it's last night's dinner." "I'll see you later." "Idiot, you should have some control over what you eat." "That was good biryani that you've wasted." "Hurry up." " Salaam, Munir." " Walekum-a-salaam." "You are definitely going to meet God today." "Tell me where Manya is and you'll get a worthy death." "I won't tell you." "I'm grateful for a death that will extend my friend's life." "It's unfortunate that you're dying to save a Hindu." "A true Muslim will kill... and also give up his own life for a dear friend." "Friendship doesn't subscribe to religion." "Neither does enmity." "Okay" "As soon as you step out of God's house on earth... be prepared to meet Him in heaven." "Munir is in trouble." "Stop!" "What happened?" "Shut up." "Come Veera." "Quickly!" "Munir!" "Get up!" "Get up." "Get up." "Munir." "Munir get up." "Come." "Where are you going?" "To take care of unfinished business." "I'm sending Dilawar to his brother." "If you want to commit suicide, hang yourself from a ceiling fan." "Why are you presenting yourself to Dilawar'?" "Don't you trust me anymore?" "It's not about trust... it's about time." "Time is a fleeting companion." "Yesterday it was on our side, today it's with him." "What do you suggest?" "That I should hide like a mouse?" "Yes ." "We give him a chance to make the same mistake we did." "Let him think we are weak." "And when time moves over to our side... you make your move on Dilawar." "Fine, I'll do as you say." "But I won't stay cooped up for long." "It's easy to kill a snake in an open space." "Once it is in the burrow, it's impossible to escape its venom." "I track the movements of cops." "I figured that when I saw you." "What do you want?" "Manya Surve." "Dead I" "Bombay is a haystack and Manya is the proverbial needle." "My gang is unable to find him." "If anyone can find him, it's you." "You can name your price... for getting rid of Manya." "Shoot him with all the bullets that you have." "I didn't choose this uniform to fulfill your wish." "I'll ignore this encounter." "Encounter... that's a nice word for... 'a meeting'." "So go ahead and help Manya encounter death." "I'll make sure you get both money and medals." "Didn't you hear what I said?" "Kill him wherever you see him." "Label it a shootout or an encounter, but make sure the case is closed." "I guarantee there won't be any inquiry into his killing." "Listen carefully..." "I can afford two meals a day and I pray five times a day." "That's all I need." "You can never put a price on me." "You may not have a price, but I'm sure your seniors do." "You will have to carry out your senior's order." "And you will get one." "Afaaque... what was so important that couldn't wait until morning?" "Today I realized why the color of the police uniform is khaki." "People can crap all over us yet it won't be seen." "What happened?" "Dilawar wanted to crap all over... he wants Manya Surve dead." "And he wanted a cop to do the dirty deed." "He said, kill Manya in an 'encounter'." "First he tried to bribe and then.." "...he threatened with an order from the top." "I wanted to shoot him dead right there." "But I was helpless." "We have to seek permission from you.." ""Even if we have to go to the bathroom." "Even if we know who the criminal is... we have to get the evidence and witness before filing an FIR." "And then we get the warrant." "Until then the witness is either bought or killed." "And the criminal walks away free." "The prostitutes are better than us." "At least their clients get some pleasure for the money." "First we take an oath, then we take our salary... and then we watch the drama in the police station... while the criminal takes us for a ride." "Have you said what you wanted to?" "May I say something now?" "Get rid of Manya Surve." "Kill him." "Not for Dilawar... and not because we have an order from the top." "But for the sake of our uniform." "Dilawar said, 'l may not have a price, but my seniors do'." "How much did he pay, sir?" "You think you're the only honest cop?" "You know why the color of this uniform is khakhi?" "It's the color of mud." "And every cop is ready to become one with it or bury a criminal in it." "Why Manya, sir?" "Why not Dilawar?" "I don't care who dies." "Manya is a criminal and the world knows that." "While Dilawar is pretending to be a righteous citizen." "If you kill Dilawar, there could be an inquiry." "But if you kill Manya, it will be a slap in the face of other criminals." "The decision is yours." "You have to choose one." "Manya, sir." "I choose Manya." "Welcome officers." "Until today no country has given their police force... the opportunity that we are about to receive." "The liberty to shoot any criminal." "But until Manya Surve is alive... we will neither sleep not rest." "Some people study history, while others teach history." "We are going to create history." "We will form three groups." "Ambat will lead the first group..." "I will lead the second and Bhende the third." "The dossier contains photographs of Manya and his gang members." "The photographs are old, but you will get a fair idea." "Sir, he is in room number 10." "Stop." " Move it." " Where do I go?" "I pity you, Jamal." "Helping Dilawar to capture Munir was a big mistake." "Dilawar doesn't need you anymore and Manya won't spare you." "He won't let you live and I won't let you die." "Save me, sir." "I don't want to die now." "Every time you try to hide..." "I will find you." "And I will set you free so that Manya can kill you." "Save me, sir." "But I have a deal that will help you stay alive and keep you safe." "In prison." "Tell me how to get to Manya." "You will get police protection and the police will get Manya." "What say?" "Vidya, sir..." "Vidya?" "Vidya will lead you to Manya." "Where is Manya?" "When did you last see him?" "Look at these pictures." "They were Manya's companions and look what Dilawar did to them." "Manya killed Dilawar's brother... imagine what he will do to Manya." "He will give Manya such a brutal death that... it will be difficult to identify his body or even cremate him." "Think about this... gangsters like Haji Maqsood and Wasim Lala have given up crime... and are leading a normal life." "It's because of us." "Manya can also have this, if he helps us." "Why do you want to help Manohar?" "He considers the cops his enemy." "He hates cops." "That's his opinion." "What will we get by killing Manya?" "We may not be able to stop people from becoming criminals... but we can offer criminals like Manya a chance to lead a normal life." "Can you guarantee that there is no danger to Manohar's life?" "No, I can't." "But if you don't help us..." "I can guarantee that Manya will be killed." "Pawar..." "Yes sir." "Two cups tea, please." " Hello..." " Hello..." "Manohar?" "Are you alright?" "Yes ." "I want to go out of town for a few days, will you come along?" "Where to?" "I don't know." "If you are with me, we'll figure something." "When?" "Tomorrow... 12 o'clock..." "Wadala College." "Sure." "Hello..." "Inspector Baagraan?" "Got him." "Officers!" "This is the layout of Ambedkar College at Wadala." "Manya Surve will be there at 12 o'clock tomorrow... and we will teach him a lesson he'll never forget." "Just like a fox sniffs out a rabbit before attacking it..." "Manya Surve will sniff out cops before being attacked." "He will have a gun but he won't know whom to fire at." "We will go there undercover..." "As college students." "Jeans, t-shirt, sneakers... your makeover should be so perfect that... even your own mother shouldn't be able to recognize." "Let's go." " Yes, sir." "All of you will carry books with concealed guns." "Ambat and I will cover the college... whereas the rest will be with Bhende manning the road blocks." "If Manya decides to escape by road... he has three options." "Dahisar, Thana or Vashi." "I will be at Vashi..." " Shetty will be at Dahisar" " Yes sir." " And Jamdade will be at Thana." " Yes sir." "Stop." "I am sorry, sir." "I can't shave off my moustache." "In my community, I can shave it off only after my father dies." "If you father were to hear you, he'd die of shame." "A cops father feels proud of his son when he is ready to... not just shave off his moustache but lay down his life for duty." "Come on..." "Shave!" " No, I can't do it." " Sit." "You have to do it, Ambolkar." "But why me?" "You are the only cop who has seen Manya Surve from up close." "You will be standing outside the college dressed as a postman." "When you see him you will shift the bag from your left shoulder to... your right as a signal." "I won't wear a postman's uniform." "You have to." "When you can wear a veil, what's wrong in wearing a postman's uniform?" "What if he recognizes me?" "That's why it is important for you... to recognize him before he recognizes you." "Manohar..." "Come- on!" "Let's go." "Ambat... corner him." "Stop firing!" "Stop!" "Manya..." "Surrender..." "Surrender!" "Ambat... put the body in the vehicle and drive to Sion Hospital." " Rane..." " Yes sir." "File a report." "Manya Surve, dead on arrival." "Killed in encounter." " Take the body to the morgue." " Yes sir."
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{
"pile_set_name": "OpenSubtitles"
}
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Q:
How to clear all the textbox fields in a parent page using jquery
Is their any way to clear all the textbox values in a parent form using jquery or javascript.
Now i am clearing each fields using
var parentDoc1 = window.opener.document;
parentDoc1.getElementById(id).value="";
A:
To clear the all textboxes , you can use this:
$(parentDoc1).find('input[type=text]').val('');
If some of textboxes (e.g. textboxes with mytextboxclass class, with mytextboxid id,etc...) mustn't be cleaned, then you can use :not in your selector for excluding those:
$(parentDoc1).find('input[type=text]:not(.mytextboxclass,#mytextboxid)').val('');
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{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
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Zoonotic potential of infection with Fasciola spp. by consumption of freshly prepared raw liver containing immature flukes.
Mice were successfully infected with metacercariae of the Japanese Fasciola sp., resulting in the recovery of a mean number of 110 live immature flukes per mouse 4-5 days after inoculation. Twenty-four mice were then inoculated orally, each with a mean number of 68 freshly recovered immature flukes. The livers of 7 of the 24 recipient mice showed migratory lesions of capsular and subcapsular granulomatous infiltration and 2 of those mice also had haemorrhagic lesions. The lesions were typical of those caused by active migration of early immature flukes. However, no flukes were found in the livers of the recipient mice at necropsy when the flukes were aged 14 weeks. In another experiment, 10 piglets were given fresh livers of mice harbouring approximately 2000 live immature flukes aged 3-7 days. Two additional piglets were inoculated with 2000 metacercariae of Fasciola. All pigs were killed when the flukes were 14 days old. Granulomatous lesions were present in all pigs, except in those that were given livers containing flukes aged 7 days. The lesions were localized, forming well-defined foci, different from the typical migratory lesions normally observed in mouse or sheep liver at the early stage of fluke migration. From the 10 pigs given livers, 65 live flukes were recovered at necropsy, 0.29% of the estimated number of immature flukes given. From the 2 pigs which received 2000 metacercariae each, a total of 198 flukes were recovered (5%). The results of the experiments suggest that humans consuming raw liver dishes prepared from fresh livers infected with immature Fasciola spp. could become infected with liver fluke.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
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MEMS have proven to be effective solutions in various applications due to the sensitivity, spatial and temporal resolutions, and lower power requirements exhibited by MEMS devices. Consequently, MEMS-based sensors, such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, acoustic sensors, optical sensors, and pressure sensors, have been developed for use in a wide variety of applications.
In general, capacitive MEMS pressure sensors include a first electrode that forms one plate of a parallel plate capacitor and a second electrode that forms the other plate of the parallel plate capacitor. The first electrode is generally fixed and is typically provided in a substrate, such as a silicon wafer. The second electrode is generally movable and is incorporated into a deformable membrane that is suspended over the first electrode on the surface of the substrate. The first and second electrodes are generally spaced apart by open space, a dielectric, or another material. The deformable membrane is configured to deflect toward the substrate under an applied pressure which alters the gap between the fixed electrode and the movable electrode, resulting in a change in the capacitance between the two electrodes. By monitoring the change in capacitance between the fixed electrode and the movable electrode, a magnitude of a pressure applied to the deformable membrane can be determined.
The electrodes may be formed in a variety of different ways, such as by the deposition of a conductive film, electrical isolation of a conductive layer, and adding a spacer layer between two conductive layers. Surface micromachining is used to fabricate many MEMS devices. With surface micromachining, a MEMS device structure can be built on a silicon substrate using processes such as chemical vapor deposition. These processes allow MEMS structures to include layer thicknesses of less than a few microns with substantially larger in-plane dimensions. Frequently, these devices include parts, such as capacitive electrodes, which are configured to move with respect to other parts of the device. In this type of device, the movable structure is frequently built upon a sacrificial layer of material. After the movable structure is formed, the movable structure can be released by selective wet or dry etching of the sacrificial layers. After wet etching, the released MEMS device structure can be rinsed in deionized water to remove the etchant and etch products. For dry release, no subsequent cleaning may be necessary.
In some cases, MEMS having moving or flexing components have a limited lifespan, especially when such devices are released from the substrate and cannot benefit from added support of the substrate. In an example, MEMS devices being used on or near biological material or in a harsh environment may need to be regularly replaced to maintain accurate operation. Customary MEMS devices such as pressure sensors often require significant packaging, as well as expensive materials and processing requirements, and are thus not optimized for the uses described above. What is needed, therefore, is a flexible MEMS device that can be produced easily and at scale so as to be disposable.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Designed to meet the needs of growing businesses, McAfee Active Virus Defense Suite delivers protection from viruses and other threats at the desktop, file server, mail server, and Internet gateway, for a truly multi-tiered defense.
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{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
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«Я с народом и буду голосовать против»: депутат Курултая Башкирии Кульсарина о поправках в закон о земле
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{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
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Reading!
They’re closing down that place where we give readings! Doesn’t that suck?
It does.
Where will we read now? I propose the roof of my apartment building. It’s beautiful up there in the sky, and I have devised a way to transport martinis safely up the stairs. The real estate developers are closing down the sky, too, by filling it with high-rise condos, but its many farewell performances have been top-notch.
There is, however, one last reading at Mo’ Pitkin’s House of Satisfaction and I will be reading in it. 8:00, this Sunday, October 14. It’s at 34 Avenue A between 2nd & 3rd Streets. Do come! We know not how much time is left for any of us! The apocalypse is nigh! Don’t be shy! Come, drink, listen! Afterwards we can go get some dumplings at the diner.
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{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
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Q:
Maven artefact licensing
I was asking why Google doesn't upload android artefacts into the maven central repository. Apparently the answer is that user has to accept license before download.
I know that it is possible (and required) to include a license to the artefact. But is it possible to force user to accept it before downloading and usage?
A:
It's simply not possible cause Maven has no such mechanism. Apart from that it's interactive during the download of artifacts.
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{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
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is the nearest to x in k, 0.3, 3?
0.3
Suppose -9*l - 6 = -10*l. Suppose 0 = l*v + 6*v - 456. Let o be v/(-90) + (-1)/(-20)*4. Which is the nearest to o? (a) 0.4 (b) -0.5 (c) -1/5
c
Let y be (3 - 667) + (-3 - 0 - -6). Let p = y + 662. What is the nearest to p in -4, -42, -0.3?
-0.3
Let r(z) = -5*z**2 + 30*z - 30. Let v be r(1). Let y = -84/17 - v. Which is the closest to 2/3? (a) 2 (b) 2/9 (c) y (d) -1/10
b
Let r = 8 + -7.97. Let l = r + -5.03. Let f = 49343 - 49342. Which is the closest to 0.9? (a) 0 (b) l (c) f
c
Let s = 1068 + -1071. Let n = 0.06 + -0.06. Let l = 20 + -18. Which is the nearest to n? (a) -0.5 (b) l (c) s
a
Let p = -0.1187 + 0.0495. Let m = 0.7308 - p. What is the nearest to 0 in 1, m, -4?
m
Let n = 30 + -25. Suppose -n + 10 = a. Suppose a*z - 4*z - 4*y = -1, 4*y + 1 = -z. What is the closest to 0.1 in -4/7, 1/6, z?
1/6
Let t = 1.1484 - 0.1484. Which is the closest to t? (a) 8 (b) -5 (c) 1
c
Let u = -0.829 + 0.989. Let g = -2.92 - 0.08. Let x = g + 3. What is the closest to x in 3, u, -0.3?
u
Let b = -0.196 + -163.804. Let y = 155 + b. What is the closest to -1 in -1, 3, y?
-1
Let w = -74.25 - -69.25. Which is the closest to 11? (a) w (b) 6 (c) -3
b
Let v = 60 - 58. Let k be (v/12)/(6/48). Let p be (2/(-7))/((-24)/(-8)). What is the closest to 1 in 2, p, k?
k
Let v = -147/8 - -37/2. Let g = 63794 - 63794.5. Which is the closest to -0.01? (a) -0.1 (b) g (c) v
a
Let n(c) = -2*c - 7. Let y be n(-5). Suppose y*k + 3*k + 18 = 0. Let i = 1.1936 - 0.1936. What is the nearest to i in -0.27, 2, k?
2
Let d = 1731.783 - -0.217. Which is the nearest to 0.1? (a) -1 (b) d (c) 4/3
a
Let c = -0.322 - -147.322. Let z = c + -147.2. What is the nearest to -19 in z, -4, -1?
-4
Suppose 43*o + 105 = -345 - 66. What is the nearest to 14 in -2, -1, o?
-1
Suppose -56*u = -58*u + 14, -u - 8 = -3*l. Which is the nearest to 552? (a) 2 (b) l (c) 1
b
Suppose 24*y = -11*y + 1260. Let d be -1*y/(-42)*(-7)/(-8). Which is the closest to 0? (a) -0.6 (b) -6/7 (c) d
a
Let d = 3701 - 3690.985. Let w = d + -0.015. Which is the nearest to 1/3? (a) w (b) -2/21 (c) 4
b
Let g = -4684 + 4686. Which is the nearest to -3? (a) g (b) 0.7 (c) 0.2 (d) -2/7
d
Let f = 14.097 - 14.597. Let o = 15.2 - 15. What is the nearest to -1/6 in f, o, 5/3?
f
Let h = -1.9 - -2. Let p be 1 + 10/(-14) + (5068/98 - 48). Which is the closest to h? (a) 0.5 (b) p (c) -3/7
a
Let z = 1495 - 1588. Which is the nearest to -1? (a) z (b) -0.5 (c) 3
b
Let p = 0.36 - -0.14. Let o = 135/89 + -1433/534. Which is the closest to -3? (a) -2/5 (b) -4 (c) o (d) p
b
Let k be (-4 - 20/(-8))*130. Let o = -2143/11 - k. Let x = 232/15 - 46/3. What is the nearest to 1 in x, o, -5?
o
Let v = -0.11 + -10.89. Let c = 19 + v. Let q = 2244.1 + -2244. What is the nearest to q in c, 3/5, -2?
3/5
Let w = -2701 + 24299/9. What is the nearest to -4 in 0.4, -1/2, w?
w
Let l(p) = -p**2 + 12*p + 2169. Let k be l(53). What is the nearest to -1 in -0.3, k, 1/11, 0.2?
-0.3
Let x = -35.145 + 35.245. Suppose 3*n + 2*n - 5 = 0. Which is the closest to n? (a) 8 (b) -0.1 (c) -5 (d) x
d
Let s = -2486 + 2483. What is the closest to s in 11, -0.4, 4, 0?
-0.4
Let l = -1035.5 - -1036. Which is the nearest to -0.7? (a) l (b) -4/3 (c) -2 (d) -14
b
Let l = 18.7 - 19. Let s = 5.9 - 0.9. Let p = 0.1166 + -0.3166. What is the closest to p in s, 2, l?
l
Suppose 3*v + t = 2, 3 = -2*v + 3*t - 3. Let q = 4.10714 - 36.10714. Let k be (3/(-6))/(3/(-4)). Which is the nearest to v? (a) 2/13 (b) k (c) q
a
Let b = -2.4449 - 0.5551. What is the nearest to 2/9 in 1/8, b, -1/7, 3?
1/8
Let w be 5/9 + (((-936)/13)/18)/12. Let z(g) = -5*g - 29. Let o be z(-6). Let s = -0.01 - -2.01. Which is the closest to w? (a) -0.05 (b) s (c) o
a
Let j = 32081/6 + -5347. Which is the nearest to -67/6? (a) -2/9 (b) j (c) -4 (d) 0.2
c
Let j be ((-3)/(-102))/(-11*(-9)/198). Which is the nearest to -2? (a) -6 (b) 4/17 (c) j
c
Let b(n) = n**2 - n - 2. Let u be b(-2). Let q be 54/(-120) + 1/u. Let r be (-44)/(-10) + (-4)/12*12. What is the closest to -0.1 in 0.5, r, q?
q
Let x = 1813/11 + -165. Let y = -23 - -23.3. Which is the nearest to y? (a) 2 (b) x (c) 0.1
c
Suppose -10 = -2*w, 12*w - 754 = 2*y + 14*w. Let i = 383 + y. What is the closest to i in -2, -2.3, -1/2?
-1/2
Let p be 1/5 + (-64)/(-80). Let x = -5.1 - -1.8. Let i = -4.3 - x. Which is the closest to i? (a) p (b) 5 (c) -4
a
Let r = 342 + -203. Let q = 135 - r. What is the nearest to -0.1 in 0.5, 0.1, q?
0.1
Let u = 19574 - 19574.02. What is the closest to -1.1 in 0.2, u, 2/17?
u
Let q(z) = z**2 + 55*z + 412. Let r be q(-46). Which is the closest to -6? (a) -2/13 (b) r (c) 3 (d) 10
b
Let m = 6434 - 6439. What is the closest to -1/5 in 0.38, m, -1, 4?
0.38
Let u = -1.2 - -1. Let x = -95972 + 95972. What is the nearest to 4/7 in x, 1, 3/2, u?
1
Let p = -5877.5 + 5876.5. Let g = -87063/5 - -17499. Let w = g - 87. Which is the nearest to w? (a) p (b) 0.3 (c) 0.2
a
Let s be 1 + -3 + 112/60. Let o = 296/309 + -30/103. Which is the nearest to 0.1? (a) -0.1 (b) o (c) s
a
Suppose -b = -4*o + 1 + 7, -4*b = -5*o + 21. Suppose -2*n = -r + 3*r - 6, r + 3*n = o. What is the nearest to r in 0.2, 2/5, 0.3, -1/7?
2/5
Suppose 0 = 2*b + 10, s - 4*b - 12 = -3*s. Let m be (-75)/(-45)*(-378)/90. What is the nearest to -0.3 in m, s, 0?
0
Let w = -0.2011 - -0.2011. What is the closest to -2/13 in 0.2, -0.4, w, -0.043?
-0.043
Let u be ((-36)/105)/(13/5*1 + -3). Which is the closest to 2? (a) -3 (b) 0.2 (c) 3 (d) u
c
Suppose -t + 23 = -2*h, 3*t + 12 = -3*h - 9. Let x be (h/8)/((-51)/12 + 4). Let j = 0.2 + 0.8. What is the closest to j in -9, x, 1?
1
Let c = 5.686 + 0.014. Let z = c - 5.6. Let p = -2 - -4. What is the closest to 1/4 in z, 12/5, p?
z
Let g = -143.65 + 143.64. What is the closest to -0.14 in g, -3, 0.06?
g
Let k = 742.5 + -742.7. Let z(g) = -g + 3. Let p be z(6). Which is the nearest to k? (a) p (b) -1 (c) 0.4
c
Let y = -154456/9 + 17162. Let p = -0.5 - 0.5. Which is the closest to p? (a) 4 (b) 5/2 (c) y (d) 2
c
Let j be 2 + (-5)/((-45)/(-21)). Let h = -29/7 + 289/63. Let d be (-2 - (-122)/42) + (-50)/150. Which is the closest to 0? (a) d (b) h (c) j
c
Let s = 138.91 + 3.09. Let x = s + -137. What is the closest to -1/8 in -2/9, 1/7, x?
-2/9
Let f = 140/87 - 995/348. Which is the nearest to 9/16? (a) 5 (b) 1 (c) -4 (d) f
b
Let u = -3504 + 3505. What is the nearest to -1 in 2/3, u, 0.04?
0.04
Let d = -5 - -48. Let y = d + -42.98. Let q = y - 11.02. What is the nearest to 0 in -3, -1/10, q?
-1/10
Let v = 0.218 - 0.518. Let g = -95 - -96. Which is the closest to g? (a) -1 (b) -6 (c) -0.1 (d) v
c
Suppose u - q = 28, -2*u + 104 = 2*u - 2*q. Let x be 4*10/(-12)*u/(-20). Let b be -10*(-4)/22 + -2. What is the nearest to -0.2 in -2/13, x, b?
b
Let q = 0 - 0.1. Let s = 3074.4 + -3074. Let r = -14 - -6. Which is the nearest to 1? (a) r (b) s (c) q
b
Let i(h) = 2*h. Let v be i(-3). Let y be 2/4 - (-7)/v. Let u = -5580.7 + 5580.4. What is the nearest to 1 in u, y, -0.2?
-0.2
Let z = -2.29 - -2.113. Let m = -0.177 - z. Let x be (1 + 0 + 1)*-1. Which is the nearest to x? (a) -0.1 (b) -2 (c) m
b
Let z = -2258.6 + 2256.6. Which is the nearest to -220? (a) -1/2 (b) 0.4 (c) z (d) -3
d
Let w = 19 + -17. Let b = -0.819 - -1.319. What is the closest to -2/3 in w, b, 0.8?
b
Let g = -6390 + 6393. What is the closest to 1 in -25, 0, -5, g?
0
Let u = -535.0581 - -535. Let d = u - -8.0581. Let z be 9/30 - (-2)/(-4). What is the nearest to z in d, -5, 1?
1
Let i(r) = r**3 - 5*r**2 - 2*r + 3. Let x be i(6). Let q be 2/(2/3) - -27. Let n = q - x. Which is the closest to n? (a) -0.5 (b) 2/7 (c) 3/5
c
Suppose -6 = 2*i, -2*q + 13 = 2*i + 25. Which is the nearest to 1? (a) q (b) 53 (c) -6
a
Let s = -20 - -16. Let d = -1665 - -1666. Which is the closest to d? (a) s (b) 2/7 (c) -0.08
b
Let f be (-8320)/42 + (32/56 - (-2)/21). Suppose 0 = -5*s + 967 + 18. Let n = s + f. Which is the closest to -2/3? (a) -4 (b) n (c) -0.5
c
Let m = -254 - -441. Let z = -188 + m. Which is the nearest to -1? (a) -2/3 (b) -9 (c) z
c
Let o = 713/4719 + 1/363. Let h = 36/65 - o. Which is the closest to -4? (a) 0.2 (b) h (c) 1/3
a
Let h = 714.9 + 238.1. Le
|
{
"pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics"
}
|
Current and historical involvement of dentistry in child protection and a glimpse of the future.
Dental teams have been involved with child protection for over 40 years. This brief review summarises their involvement in the detection of various types of child abuse and goes on to discuss the gap between the proportions of dental professionals who suspect child abuse or neglect in their paediatric patients and those who refer such cases on. Potential reasons for this discrepancy are discussed, and a glimpse of the future is given as to where further research may be necessary to tackle this existing gap.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Innuitian Mountains
The Innuitian Mountains are a mountain range in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, Canada. They are part of the Arctic Cordillera and are largely unexplored, due to the hostile climate. They are named after the northern indigenous people, the Inuit. In some locations the Innuitian Mountains measure over in height, and in length. The highest point is Barbeau Peak at . There are no trees or very minimal wildlife in the Innuitian Mountains due to the harsh cold climate as well as being located north of the Arctic tree line. This region is mostly barren with vast areas of permafrost. There are metallic mineral resources including iron and zinc and fossil fuel resources such as coal.
The Innuitian Mountains consist of numerous smaller mountain ranges. Some of these are the British Empire Range, the Princess Margaret Range and the United States Range, which is the world's second most Northern mountain range after the Challenger Mountains.
The Innuitian Mountains were first seen by European explorers in 1882 by the explorer Adolphus Greely from Lake Hazen.
Geology
The Innuitian Mountains' present form was shaped during the Innuitian orogeny in the middle of the Mesozoic Era when the North American Plate moved northward. The Innuitian Mountains contain igneous and metamorphic rocks, but for the most part are composed of sedimentary rock. They are younger than the Appalachians, so erosion has not yet rounded them significantly.
The Innuitian Mountains resemble the Appalachian Mountains in composition and contain similar types of minerals. The mineral resources have not been greatly exploited, due to the cost of developing such a remote region while cheaper alternatives are available elsewhere. The estimated amount of resources in the Arctic Region is estimated to have 13% of all the world's oil and 30% of the world's gas reserves.
See also
List of mountain ranges
References
Clark, Bruce W. and Wallace, John K. Making Connections: Canada's Geography, Pearson Education Canada; 1st Edition 1999
Category:Geology of Canada
Category:Mountain ranges of the Northwest Territories
Category:Arctic Cordillera
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
}
|
tdsisti
Dignity, integrity, respect, love is the path to freedom. We have a long road ahead of us in achieving this goal, but it is the only path that is worth working for, as the others have clearly run their course. We do not need to "put Americans back to work," but to redefine what work is worth doing, what equates wealth and how people are to share in the wealth of nations. Our nation was not founded on the principle of being cogs in a broken, hackneyed, corporate machine. It was founded on the principle of shrugging off the burden of aristocracy and affirming the power of the people to govern themselves. This will require not only protest, but an affirmation of what we the people want and need to create a just society.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Learned discrimination of pattern orientation in walking flies.
To determine the pattern-orientation discrimination ability of blowflies, Phaenicia sericata, a learning/memory assay was developed in which sucrose served as the reward stimulus and was paired with one of two visual gratings of different orientations. Individual, freely walking flies with clipped wings were trained to discriminate between pairs of visual patterns presented in the vertical plane. During training trials, individual flies learned to search preferentially at the rewarded stimulus. In subsequent testing trials, flies continued to exhibit a learned preference for the previously rewarded stimulus, demonstrating an ability to discriminate between the two visual cues. Flies learned to discriminate between horizontal and vertical gratings, +45 degrees (relative to a 0 degrees vertical) and -45 degrees gratings, and vertical and +5 degrees gratings. Individual patterns of learning and locomotive behavior were observed in the pattern of exploration during training trials. The features of the visual cue critical for discrimination of orientation are discussed.
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
they do, for the record.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
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