id
string
question
string
choices
list
answer_key
string
source
string
ad48a768-1b42-48e6-8d80-e7d9c68f31fc
What is thought to be the oldest eukaryotes?
[ "arthropods", "amoebas", "protists", "prokaryotes" ]
protists
sciq
144cd49b-8da0-443b-9288-3f8463534317
Which landmark book on evolution via natural selection did charles darwin publish in 1859?
[ "on the origin of species", "on the origin of mammals", "on various kinds of animals", "on the ethnic of species" ]
on the origin of species
sciq
891ef9f6-0937-4a26-a397-a6cc764222fd
Archaeans help break down sewage in waste treatment plants, so they fulfill what important role?
[ "consumers", "decomposer", "producers", "pollenation" ]
decomposer
sciq
add065fc-95a7-4829-84ca-e6759f641489
If an atom gains electrons, it becomes what?
[ "a cation", "an ion", "anion", "neutral" ]
an ion
sciq
cd648a32-8901-418e-8fd5-530650c7b45a
The formula mass of a covalent compound is also called the what?
[ "atomic mass", "ionic mass", "nucleus mass", "molecular mass" ]
molecular mass
sciq
b5d3d8c0-15b0-4ed3-a9c1-c0691f7a64a8
Both pathways that isolate a population reproductively in some form, allopatric and sympatric describe what, which means the creation of new species?
[ "accumulation", "extinction", "bacterial", "speciation" ]
speciation
sciq
02047095-1519-4613-8a4f-334e184c2d18
Common disease of what system include asthma, pneumonia, and emphysema?
[ "the fecal system", "the digestive system", "the respiratory system", "the glandular system" ]
the respiratory system
sciq
85394210-f4d5-4a43-89c6-eefa79525afc
Translucent matter is matter that transmits and does what else to light?
[ "scatters", "absorbs", "reflects", "condenses" ]
scatters
sciq
a56aea28-bfd3-47f3-bbfb-3c7d31c463cc
Diet correlates with the length of what organ system in vertebrates?
[ "circulatory", "respiratory", "digestive", "reproductive" ]
digestive
sciq
f8eab018-a5cc-4f56-a52a-4e5af8286389
What is the process of processing used material into new ones called?
[ "remake", "recycling", "reuse", "renew" ]
recycling
sciq
a2f13f0c-c486-4d30-ac89-796be06c12ee
What equals the mass of the object (in kilograms) times the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s 2 )?
[ "density", "velocity", "weight", "speed of light" ]
weight
sciq
23483dc2-4d85-43e2-a26a-42cfe3ff6a5b
Where does visible light fall in between on the electromagnetic spectrum?
[ "infrared light and ultraviolet light", "infrared light and gamma ray", "radio and infrared", "infrared light and specific light" ]
infrared light and ultraviolet light
sciq
e896bc2e-0cf6-4e32-9da5-222a2f33a6f6
Having polar bonds may make a covalent compound what?
[ "negatively charged", "polar", "ionic", "neutral" ]
polar
sciq
dd93802a-f9c1-47d3-82e3-0fabebbc3179
About how many thunderstorms are there each year worldwide?
[ "14 million", "23 million", "17 million", "21 million" ]
14 million
sciq
4b1d8f55-81cd-4a83-95c4-ba81b041e47e
What are a group of protists whose monophyly is well supported by molecular systematics?
[ "mycetozoa", "euglenozoa", "sporozoans", "alveolates" ]
alveolates
sciq
4f4296de-183a-4d44-8b20-68956f66a5f2
What is measured by the intensity of the sound waves?
[ "tone", "inputs", "loudness", "pitch" ]
loudness
sciq
0fc21621-0ec8-47b2-a6af-38f8447c2395
Parasitic fungi often cause illness and may eventually do what to their hosts?
[ "kill them", "mutate them", "reproduce with them", "become them" ]
kill them
sciq
a6e6d2f9-5926-4b26-b005-2440e4b69e50
Coronary heart disease is caused when what blocks coronary arteries?
[ "carbohydrates", "plaque", "proteins", "fats" ]
plaque
sciq
be258362-449a-45e2-819d-d5f5ed4c5ddd
Air is an example of what state of matter?
[ "liquid", "gas", "plasma", "solid" ]
gas
sciq
40795baf-8819-4304-af35-c80d8c6fb73d
What descend from clouds in funnel-like shapes that spin violently, producing powerful winds?
[ "hurricanes", "rains", "tornadoes", "currents" ]
tornadoes
sciq
89c65a5e-efc7-435d-abfd-f4582a711e18
What term describes the long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions of a specific area?
[ "wind patterns", "solar activity", "hemosphere", "climate" ]
climate
sciq
cfdb772e-39c3-457d-ac91-d8bcfff3b172
Between meals, when the level of blood glucose drops below a certain point, a signal is sent to what organ saying “make more glucose"?
[ "kidney", "liver", "brain", "pancreas" ]
liver
sciq
0ca506ae-76e9-41e8-a1bd-f54839b6febd
Where does the krebs cycle take place?
[ "in the beam", "in the nitrogen", "in the ozone", "in the matrix" ]
in the matrix
sciq
d100e7bf-27ab-4609-85f1-933369837003
What state of matter is like a liquid in that particles are in contact with each other, but unlike liquids in that the intermolecular forces are strong enough to hold the particles in place?
[ "solids", "gases", "fluids", "plasmas" ]
solids
sciq
fec3328a-7d98-43e3-8b4e-522ab9cd349e
What is the term for a natural situation which arises to physically divide organisms?
[ "vicariance", "assimilation", "reproduction", "extinction" ]
vicariance
sciq
68fcf143-84bb-401a-84c6-53817edf3d2d
Digestion of carbohydrates is performed by several enzymes. starch and glycogen are broken down into glucose by amylase and maltase. sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar) are broken down by sucrase and this?
[ "lactase", "lipase", "hydrolase", "pepsin" ]
lactase
sciq
b6e39485-112c-4c40-9afd-e8de755b9d7d
What is defined as a phasic change in muscle tone?
[ "susceptibility", "gastrointestinal", "elasticity", "spasticity" ]
spasticity
sciq
d4e363a2-75d9-42f1-b4f6-dcae9c1c4552
What is a force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are touching?
[ "gravity", "tension", "friction", "vibration" ]
friction
sciq
227f0142-c51c-467a-be77-477cef7d6046
What are structures that have a common function and suggest common ancestry?
[ "monogamous structures", "reversible structures", "analogous structures", "homologous structures" ]
homologous structures
sciq
e2bc26a0-8963-4dff-a68f-6375d771ac64
Which type of cell division halves the number of chromosomes?
[ "budding", "mitosis", "fragmentation", "meiosis" ]
meiosis
sciq
96cf10b2-adcf-436c-af45-cecf65fe8824
Objects in motion that return to the same position after a fixed period of time are said to be in what?
[ "resonant motion", "harmonic motion", "homeostasis", "kinetic motion" ]
harmonic motion
sciq
fd78c355-c78b-4769-b0e3-71144c2b23f0
What is the relationship of multiple action potentials from a single cell resulting in a significant change in the membrane potential?
[ "distinct summation", "nature summation", "bipolar summation", "temporal summation" ]
temporal summation
sciq
59e43eaa-bad3-4e72-a400-7a4216446d86
Plant cells have cell walls that are made of what?
[ "nucleus", "cellulose", "carbonate", "tissue" ]
cellulose
sciq
fdd20c58-0bb0-462c-baad-34dcb1f50091
What disease associated with smoking involves breakdown of walls of the alveoli, resulting in less gas exchange by the lungs?
[ "emphysema", "cancer", "leukemia", "pneumonia" ]
emphysema
sciq
858636e1-987d-441f-bc8d-cc27c7cc0378
Molds and yeasts are organisms in what kingdom?
[ "aquatic", "tissues", "insects", "fungus" ]
fungus
sciq
61e52e44-bd13-4886-8d38-80e52533df72
Bacteria can be used to make cheese from milk. the bacteria turn the milk sugars into what?
[ "acetic acid", "ionic acid", "lactic acid", "hydrochloric acid" ]
lactic acid
sciq
61210bd7-80aa-4012-8095-930c2d54317f
Independent assortment occurs when what go to opposite poles of the cell in anaphase i?
[ "ballasts", "receptors", "chromosomes", "prokaryotes" ]
chromosomes
sciq
0b05ecb5-60d4-45d5-80cf-6421b6b1716d
What term is used to describe an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination?
[ "autoimmunity", "herd immunity", "adaptive immunity", "variation immunity" ]
adaptive immunity
sciq
743ac22f-de12-4da4-91e1-b1c5b3602551
Changes in temperature, ph, and exposure to chemicals may lead to permanent changes in the shape of a protein, leading to loss of function known as what?
[ "bioturbation", "digestion", "denaturation", "fermentation" ]
denaturation
sciq
7e66f97f-266f-48ea-82d8-a8a4059a0710
What term is used to describe phages capable of using both modes of replicating within a bacterium?
[ "moderate phages", "temperate phages", "bacteriophage", "lambda phage" ]
temperate phages
sciq
6b509a41-f016-4a36-b200-379fb6c640c8
Many observatories are built on high mountains to avoid interference from what?
[ "airplanes", "animal life", "artificial light", "the atmosphere" ]
the atmosphere
sciq
1d6845c0-aa10-4ea7-9fbd-f8ef2265a394
Like earth, the moon has a distinct crust, mantle, and what else?
[ "temperature", "atmosphere", "polarity", "core" ]
core
sciq
1c9099be-ab60-49ef-afe1-abb85aff31e6
Reflection, refraction, and diffraction are examples of what type of interaction?
[ "winds", "waves", "Currents", "Oscillations" ]
waves
sciq
d3b64b97-a4bd-46d6-86e6-0e3391c51109
What type of molecules are found in the hydration shell of a dissolved ion?
[ "water", "oxygen", "carbon", "iron" ]
water
sciq
ad00a948-37f4-4a57-98a8-a5c2629064cf
Tuataras, lizards, and snakes are members of what subclass of reptiles?
[ "arthropods", "lepidosaurs", "dinosaurs", "staurikosaurus" ]
lepidosaurs
sciq
f6dc4153-e16a-4900-a91a-04f89013d992
What do waves deposit in relatively quiet areas along a shore?
[ "snow", "sand", "fish", "mud" ]
sand
sciq
4cd07e4d-abd8-4012-b0b0-e6dcf7cc5018
What is the smallest unit of structure and function of all living organisms?
[ "cell", "atom", "particle", "proton" ]
cell
sciq
9510c493-c5a3-462a-aff6-4d269864f8a5
What kind of fertilization do birds have?
[ "internal fertilization", "deep fertilization", "asexual", "sensitive fertilization" ]
internal fertilization
sciq
b82e2a14-2024-46c8-8936-42a2d7893a07
What is the term for an organism, or single living thing?
[ "loner", "individual", "unique", "single-celled organism" ]
individual
sciq
f73d77fc-6c69-400c-ab86-cd16bcbeea61
Which of newton's laws states that the quantity of angular momentum in a closed system is fixed?
[ "third conservation law", "second conservation law", "fourth conservation law", "sixth conservation law​" ]
third conservation law
sciq
23b40819-d00b-4c5f-befd-25e5386a3117
What is the force that slows down or stops motion?
[ "thrust", "friction", "tension", "resistance" ]
friction
sciq
075d3b59-6538-4326-bb2a-7171227d978c
What is it called when poles are in opposite positions?
[ "reversed polarity", "reversed bonding", "demagnetization", "polar effect" ]
reversed polarity
sciq
9b35efbe-4ff3-4523-bec0-2a55fd33310a
What is a feature that prokaryotes lack?
[ "nucleus", "plasma", "epidermis", "cell wall" ]
nucleus
sciq
cf81cf0c-ea7a-4a30-b49c-44f9471dacf3
They had demonstrated that particles smaller than bacteria cause what?
[ "disease", "flight", "damage", "blood" ]
disease
sciq
94397517-f21e-4615-bc43-5bd1c8d07611
The wrist and base of the hand are formed by what series of small bones arranged in distal and proximal rows?
[ "patella", "carpal", "ribs", "cranial" ]
carpal
sciq
d5e491b5-ec99-480f-a539-e033ffd544bb
What does an underwater spider use to breathe and keep alive?
[ "metallic air bubble", "forehead air bubble", "shiny air bubble", "gills" ]
shiny air bubble
sciq
bb1bd9a2-d06a-4ba9-9c57-3757f2d337d6
Amphibians are ectothermic vertebrates that divide their time between freshwater and what else?
[ "terrestrial habitats", "arboreal habitats", "saltwater", "deserts" ]
terrestrial habitats
sciq
68cc2f4b-8a9d-4147-9b77-1ebea0fb4a88
Water plus other substances makes what?
[ "element", "solution", "oil", "mixture" ]
solution
sciq
3577a110-0d2d-4681-81d9-4c41c9336737
What type of polarization does a negative object create>
[ "common polarization", "negative polarization", "simple polarization", "opposite polarization" ]
opposite polarization
sciq
03c7c19a-86a9-4c6a-9a10-e7a9994e0629
What type of particles can a beta particle be?
[ "cytoplasm or positron", "anode or positron", "electron or positron", "diode or positron" ]
electron or positron
sciq
81c7e521-6469-4935-9b99-fa9676b33622
The heme parts of a hemoglobin molecule bind with what element?
[ "hydrogen", "oxygen", "carbon", "nitrogen" ]
oxygen
sciq
34024102-23cc-43bd-9d03-bee86224792d
What is the term for flowering seed plants?
[ "perennials", "gymnosperms", "spores", "angiosperms" ]
angiosperms
sciq
87d9d211-6467-4db4-a5ed-8356489786a5
Do nonvascular or vascular plants have a dominant sporophyte generation?
[ "vascular", "nonvascular", "perennial", "deciduous" ]
vascular
sciq
7d8ecb36-1156-448e-9c56-eeaee30f94ad
In mismatch repair, other enzymes remove and replace incorrectly paired nucleotides that have resulted from what?
[ "evolution errors", "typing errors", "interaction errors", "replication errors" ]
replication errors
sciq
4ed1afbd-6fba-4085-9a0c-699844ad108e
What two structures are found on mars?
[ "Mountains and Creeks", "Trees and Canyons", "volcanoes and canyons", "geysers and canyons" ]
volcanoes and canyons
sciq
cd2cf6c9-c861-4669-963d-a3dc4714df8a
What substances dissociate into ions when dissolved in water?
[ "isotopes", "magnetic", "ionic", "solvent" ]
ionic
sciq
da55ddb4-f343-4103-98f6-ea11b0e97e92
Organisms that depend on other organisms for food play what role in the food chain?
[ "producer", "consumer", "plant", "fungus" ]
consumer
sciq
14017727-0e99-4564-b059-4cd6046f22ab
What is the growing root tip protected by?
[ "root cap", "tip cap", "root hinge", "root flap" ]
root cap
sciq
817d2965-ccd8-44d9-9554-f01274fd14ef
Ocean water appears cyan because microbes in the water preferentially absorb what color of light?
[ "green", "blue", "red", "yellow" ]
red
sciq
6fdc88ba-c77a-4b2e-a283-c51efba86a7b
Both energy and heat can be expressed in units of what?
[ "joules", "amperes", "ohms", "velocities" ]
joules
sciq
0a1d78cf-9be1-4c67-8a9a-7dfd9782db96
In fact, when sitting in the sun, many ectothermic lizards have higher body temperatures than what?
[ "mammals", "primates", "carnivores", "insects" ]
mammals
sciq
890634f3-adb2-46ce-8af9-7d8f6dd69a51
In binary fission how many times does a cell split?
[ "two", "one", "six", "four" ]
two
sciq
e58831cd-387b-4d00-8517-f4921d392ef1
What do nonvascular plants reproduce with?
[ "toxins", "photosynthesis", "vascular plants", "spores" ]
spores
sciq
4be12e9e-d368-49a8-9749-07157d0aa214
The most powerful or influential individual in a group is sometimes called what?
[ "dominant", "beta", "superior", "gamma" ]
dominant
sciq
75e3c1cc-ad79-4211-b9b0-21a77b4db634
What is the first stage of cellular respiration?
[ "glycolysis", "photosynthesis", "hydrolysis", "amniocentesis" ]
glycolysis
sciq
a4098482-a530-4511-ab14-7de2779d28ff
In which direction does heat always flow through objects?
[ "from left to right", "from low to high", "from cooler to hotter", "from hotter to cooler" ]
from hotter to cooler
sciq
e8b4c1fb-d5c4-4385-a30b-17d5ccd23ada
Like sharks, nearly the entire human skeleton during a specific pre-birth developmental stage is made of what connective tissue?
[ "phloem", "collagen", "chloroplasm", "cartilage" ]
cartilage
sciq
06bb65f9-2f31-496f-b409-fa0c5f0f6333
When this forms underground, volcanoes rise?
[ "pumice", "CO2", "soil", "magma" ]
magma
sciq
b15d72a6-51a9-447f-b54c-8735fef021b3
Hormones produced by what gland in the neck increase the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body?
[ "kidney", "pituitary", "thyroid", "thymus" ]
thyroid
sciq
5cab44d5-6cc3-43ad-8c30-b6e0aa205eca
When the ventricles begin to contract, pressure within the ventricles rises and blood flows toward the area of lowest pressure, which is initially in the atria. this backflow causes the cusps of the tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid) valves to close. these valves are tied down to the papillary muscles by these?
[ "chordae tendineae", "choanocyte tendineae", "chollphyide tendineae", "photoreactive tendineae" ]
chordae tendineae
sciq
b9f2195e-17a2-4b6f-841e-d9d2ee4a01e4
What is the skin of most reptiles covered with?
[ "scales", "hairs", "cuticle", "pores" ]
scales
sciq
85a63aab-4123-4b9c-8c0a-e2fbc47cf804
Gasoline, natural gas, fuel oil, diesel fuel, jet fuel, coal, kerosene, and propane are examples of what type of fule?
[ "electrolysis fuel", "polymerization fuel", "nuclear fue", "hydrocarbon fuel" ]
hydrocarbon fuel
sciq
62aab2ef-8c4c-465a-807c-ff853678c0e5
Nearly all life processes depend on what substance, which is involved in biochemical reactions?
[ "water", "hydrocarbons", "food", "air" ]
water
sciq
e40c97da-2c47-4dbb-b688-78ca7ae3a25f
What has increased in the atmosphere throughout the history of the earth?
[ "wind", "oxygen", "carbon", "nitrogen" ]
oxygen
sciq
288a4249-8fc9-4b13-81a7-30178b99d06f
Which two states of matter have definite volumes?
[ "contrasts and liquids", "GAS AND LIQUIDS", "solids and liquids", "bacteria and liquids" ]
solids and liquids
sciq
c5ca524d-5974-4b30-a574-b35e8b67ba58
Tendon, cartilage, and bone are examples of what type of tissue that supports and binds other tissues of the body?
[ "untreated tissue", "connective tissue", "repetitive tissue", "muscular tissue" ]
connective tissue
sciq
a6fc988a-0862-4757-ba51-83309072cd5f
What is the sac-like organ at the end of the esophagus?
[ "larynx", "stomach", "appendix", "rectum" ]
stomach
sciq
366e292d-c792-4063-8876-308f767514ac
Which class of acids acetic acid (ch 3 cooh) belongs to?
[ "anorganic acids", "strong acids", "organic acids", "common acids" ]
organic acids
sciq
debfd1cf-bd3c-46af-b90f-3d63c053c9b4
What happens to the total energy of the system when heat is positive?
[ "nothing", "it increases", "it remains constant", "it decreases" ]
it increases
sciq
2f60d325-8c8a-4544-a214-57dc99773ead
What type of species can alternate between medusa and polyp forms?
[ "crocodilian", "cnidarian", "mollusks", "chordata" ]
cnidarian
sciq
ccf2ca32-974e-43da-a6eb-81d9b7108d8a
Extensive and intensive are categories of properties that apply to what?
[ "matter", "height", "volume", "weight" ]
matter
sciq
17d763d2-fefe-4049-8496-8b0cbaa4a718
The vertebrate circulatory system enables blood to deliver ________ and remove wastes throughout the body.
[ "oxygen and nutrients", "acid and nutrients", "hydrogen and nutrients", "fluid and nutrients" ]
oxygen and nutrients
sciq
2b535dd4-81f8-4e47-90ae-2d1443d3466f
By what kind of change can a chemical change be reversed?
[ "another radioactive change", "another carbon change", "another thermal change", "another chemical change" ]
another chemical change
sciq
ef24ed5c-0b37-4a24-a9e8-d2e3f488ac89
Earthquakes at convergent plate boundaries mark the location of the what?
[ "subducting lithosphere", "abducting lithosphere", "speeding lithosphere", "shorting lithosphere" ]
subducting lithosphere
sciq
64cbd457-4154-49cc-ba77-663f3f607b6e
New seafloor forms when what object cools?
[ "rain", "lava", "ash", "debris" ]
lava
sciq
5c14f310-bf76-453d-88bb-2efd2d0b4611
What are groups of atoms that behave as a single unit called?
[ "ions", "protons", "particles", "molecules" ]
molecules
sciq
3674d3ef-1ba8-432b-8691-e61aa7a8831c
Hormones cause cellular changes by binding to receptors on these?
[ "reach cells", "target cells", "fighter cells", "able cells" ]
target cells
sciq
928ff858-19b5-4b73-b7ff-8a28da2ba7e5
Food provides what type of energy needed by organisms, which is stored in bonds?
[ "caffeine", "calories", "radiation energy", "chemical energy" ]
chemical energy
sciq
32b886c9-9be8-4cf7-9fc4-1c14ee1d2d22
Catabolic reactions involve breaking what?
[ "levels", "bonds", "metals", "molecules" ]
bonds
sciq
8108833c-97b7-4880-ab0b-71ce35ad2f59
Scientists explain the world based on what?
[ "observations", "patterns", "changes", "theories" ]
observations
sciq