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https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ from qiskit import IBMQ from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy print("Ch 5: Least busy backend") print("------------------------") print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() # Finding the least busy backend backend = least_busy(provider.backends(operational=True, simulator=False)) print("Least busy backend:", backend.name()) filtered_backend = least_busy(provider.backends(n_qubits=5, operational=True, simulator=False)) print("\nLeast busy 5-qubit backend:", filtered_backend.name()) from qiskit.tools.monitor import backend_overview print("\nAll backends overview:\n") backend_overview()
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 Updated Aug 2021 @author: hassi """ # Import the required Qiskit classes from qiskit import IBMQ, QuantumCircuit, transpile from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy # Import the backend visualization methods from qiskit.visualization import plot_gate_map, plot_error_map, plot_circuit_layout from IPython.core.display import display print("Ch 5: Backend visualization") print("---------------------------") print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() # Get all available and operational backends. print("Getting the available backends...") available_backends = provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().num_qubits > 1 and b.status().operational) # Fish out criteria to compare print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits")) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format("----","-------")) for n in range(0, len(available_backends)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(available_backends[n])) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format(backend.name(),backend.configuration().num_qubits)) # Select a backend or go for the least busy backend with more than 1 qubits backend_input = input("Enter the name of a backend, or X for the least busy:") if backend_input not in ["X","x"]: backend = provider.get_backend(backend_input) else: backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().num_qubits > 1 and b.status().operational)) # Display the gate and error map for the backend. print("\nQubit data for backend:",backend.status().backend_name) display(plot_gate_map(backend, plot_directed=True)) display(plot_error_map(backend)) # Create and transpile a 2 qubit Bell circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) display(qc.draw('mpl')) qc_transpiled = transpile(qc, backend=backend, optimization_level=3) display(qc_transpiled.draw('mpl')) # Display the circuit layout for the backend. display(plot_circuit_layout(qc_transpiled, backend, view='physical'))
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ from qiskit import IBMQ from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy print("Ch 5: Explore a backend") print("-----------------------") print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() # Get all available and operational backends. available_backends = provider.backends(operational=True) # Fish out criteria to compare print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10} {3:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits","Max exp.","Pending jobs")) print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10} {3:<10}".format("----","-------","--------","------------")) for n in range(0, len(available_backends)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(available_backends[n])) print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10} {3:<10}".format(backend.name(),backend.configuration().n_qubits,backend.configuration().max_experiments,backend.status().pending_jobs)) # Select the least busy backend with 5 qubits least_busy_backend = least_busy(provider.backends(n_qubits=5,operational=True, simulator=False)) # Print out qubit properties for the backend. print("\nQubit data for backend:",least_busy_backend.status().backend_name) for q in range (0, least_busy_backend.configuration().n_qubits): print("\nQubit",q,":") for n in range (0, len(least_busy_backend.properties().qubits[0])): print(least_busy_backend.properties().qubits[q][n].name,"=",least_busy_backend.properties().qubits[q][n].value,least_busy_backend.properties().qubits[q][n].unit)
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ # Import the required math import numpy as np import random #To create random state vector import cmath #To juggle complex exponentials from math import sqrt, pi, sin, cos from IPython.core.display import display # Import the required Qiskit classes from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer # Import Blochsphere visualization from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_multivector, plot_state_qsphere # Categorize our gates rot_gates=["rx","ry","rz"] unitary_gates=["u1","u2","u3"] single_gates=["id","x","y","z","t","tdg","s","sdg","h"]+rot_gates oneq_gates=single_gates+unitary_gates control_gates=["cx","cy","cz","ch"] twoq_gates=control_gates+["swap"] all_gates=oneq_gates+twoq_gates+rot_gates+unitary_gates # List our start states start_states=["1","+","-","R","L","r","d"] valid_start=["0"]+start_states # Function that returns the state vector (Psi) for the circuit def get_psi(circuit): global psi backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') result = execute(circuit, backend).result() psi = result.get_statevector(circuit) return(psi) # Function that returns the unitary of the circuit def get_unitary(circuit): simulator = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') result = execute(circuit, simulator).result() unitary = result.get_unitary(circuit) return(unitary) # Function that creates a quantum circuit def create_circuit(n_qubits,start): # Create the initial state vector if start=="1": initial_vector = [0,complex(1,0)] elif start=="+": # Create |+> state initial_vector = [1/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0), 1/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0)] elif start=="-": # Create |-> state initial_vector = [1/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0), -1/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0)] elif start=="R": # Create |R> state initial_vector = [1/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0), 1*1.j/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0)] elif start=="L": # Create |L> state initial_vector = [1/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0), -1*1.j/sqrt(2) * complex(1, 0)] elif start=="r": # Create random initial vector theta=random.random()*pi phi=random.random()*2*pi a = cos(theta/2) b = cmath.exp(phi*1j)*sin(theta/2) initial_vector = [a * complex(1, 0), b * complex(1, 0)] elif start=="d": a = cos(start_theta/2) b = cmath.exp(start_phi*1j)*sin(start_theta/2) initial_vector = [a * complex(1, 0), b * complex(1, 0)] else: initial_vector = [complex(1,0),0] if start!="n": print("\nInitial vector for |"+start+"\u232A:") print(np.around(initial_vector, decimals = 3)) # Create the circuit circuit = QuantumCircuit(n_qubits) # If the start state is not |0> initialize the qubit if start in start_states: circuit.initialize(initial_vector,n_qubits-1) return(circuit) # Function that creates the required outputs for the circuit def qgate_out(circuit,start): # Print the circuit psi=get_psi(circuit) if start!="n": print("\nCircuit:") print("--------") print(circuit) print("\nState vector:") print("-------------") print(np.around(psi, decimals = 3)) display(plot_bloch_multivector(psi)) if circuit.num_qubits>1 and gate in control_gates: display(plot_state_qsphere(psi)) return(psi) # Function that adds a gate to a circuit def qgate(gate,start): # If the gates require angles, add those to the QASM code qasm_angle_gates={"rx":"rx("+str(theta)+") q[0];", "ry":"ry("+str(theta)+") q[0];", "rz":"rz("+str(phi)+") q[0];", "u1":"u1("+str(phi)+") q[0];", "u2":"u2("+str(phi)+","+str(lam)+") q[0];", "u3":"u3("+str(theta)+","+str(phi)+","+str(lam)+") q[0];"} # Create the circuits and then add the gate using QASM import if gate in oneq_gates: circuit=create_circuit(1,start) qasm_string='OPENQASM 2.0; include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[1];' else: circuit=create_circuit(2,start) qasm_string='OPENQASM 2.0; include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[2];' qgate_out(circuit,start) if gate in oneq_gates: if gate in rot_gates+unitary_gates: circuit+=QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_str(qasm_string+qasm_angle_gates[gate]) else: circuit+=QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_str(qasm_string+gate+" q[0];") else: circuit+=QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_str(qasm_string+gate+" q[1],q[0];") return(circuit) # Main navigation def main(): print("Ch 6: Visualizing the quantum gates") print("-----------------------------------") # Set the global parameters global phi, theta, lam, start_theta, start_phi phi=0.0 theta=0.0 lam=0.0 global gate gate="" while gate !="exit": # Set up the start conditions start=input("Start state:\n0. |0\u27E9 \n1. |1\u27E9 \n+. |+\u27E9\n-. |-\u27E9\nR. |R\u27E9\nL. |L\u27E9\nr. Random (a|0\u27E9 + b|1\u27E9)\nd. Define (\u03B8 and \u03D5)\n") if start =="d": # Specify initial vector start_theta=float(input("Enter start \u03B8:\n")) start_phi=float(input("Enter start \u03D5:\n")) # Select a gate print("Enter a gate:\nAvailable gates:\n",all_gates) gate=input() if gate in ["rx", "ry","u3"]: theta=input("Enter rotation (\u03B8):\n") if gate in ["u1","u2","u3","rz",]: phi=input("Enter rotation (\u03D5):\n") if gate in ["u2","u3"]: lam=input("Enter rotation (\u03BB):\n") if gate in all_gates and start in valid_start: # Display the gate unitary for a blank circuit blank_qc=qgate(gate,"n") print("\nUnitary for the " + gate + " gate:\n") print(np.around(get_unitary(blank_qc), decimals = 3)) # Build the quantum circuit for the gate input("Press Enter to see the start setup...") qc=qgate(gate, start) # Visualize the circuit and the qubit(s) input("Press Enter to see the result after the "+gate+" gate...") qgate_out(qc,start) input("Press Enter to test another gate...") else: if start not in valid_start: print("Not a valid start state.") if gate not in all_gates: print("Not a valid gate.") print("Try again...") if __name__ == '__main__': main()
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_multivector, plot_state_qsphere # Import image and file processing tools from PIL import Image import os print("Ch 6: Animating the U gates") print("--------------------------") # This program requires an /images directory at the same location as the script. dirName = 'images' print("Checking if /images directory exists...") if not os.path.exists(dirName): os.mkdir(dirName) print("Directory" , dirName , "created ") else: print("Directory" , dirName , "exists") def get_psi(circuit): global psi backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') result = execute(circuit, backend).result() psi = result.get_statevector(circuit) return(psi) def create_images(gate,theta=0.0,phi=0.0,lam=0.0): # Set the loop parameters steps=20.0 theta_steps=theta/steps phi_steps=phi/steps lam_steps=lam/steps n, theta,phi,lam=0,0.0,0.0,0.0 # Create image and animation tools global q_images, b_images, q_filename, b_filename b_images=[] q_images=[] b_filename="animated_qubit" q_filename="animated_qsphere" # The image creation loop while n < steps+1: qc=QuantumCircuit(1) if gate=="u3": qc.u3(theta,phi,lam,0) title="U3: \u03B8 = "+str(round(theta,2))+" \u03D5 = "+str(round(phi,2))+" \u03BB = "+str(round(lam,2)) elif gate=="u2": qc.u2(phi,lam,0) title="U2: \u03D5 = "+str(round(phi,2))+" \u03BB = "+str(round(lam,2)) else: qc.h(0) qc.u1(phi,0) title="U1: \u03D5 = "+str(round(phi,2)) # Get the statevector of the qubit # Create Bloch sphere images plot_bloch_multivector(get_psi(qc),title).savefig('images/bloch'+str(n)+'.png') imb = Image.open('images/bloch'+str(n)+'.png') b_images.append(imb) # Create Q sphere images plot_state_qsphere(psi).savefig('images/qsphere'+str(n)+'.png') imq = Image.open('images/qsphere'+str(n)+'.png') q_images.append(imq) # Rev our loop n+=1 theta+=theta_steps phi+=phi_steps lam+=lam_steps # Create and save the animated GIFs def save_gif(gate): duration=100 b_images[0].save(gate+'_'+b_filename+'.gif', save_all=True, append_images=b_images[1:], duration=duration, loop=0) q_images[0].save(gate+'_'+q_filename+'.gif', save_all=True, append_images=q_images[1:], duration=duration, loop=0) print("Bloch sphere animation saved as: \n"+os.getcwd()+"/"+gate+"_"+b_filename+".gif"+"\nQsphere animation saved as: \n"+os.getcwd()+"/"+gate+"_"+q_filename+".gif") # Main loop def main(): global gate gate="" theta=0.0 phi=0.0 lam=0.0 while gate !="exit": gate=input("Enter u1, u2, or u3:\n") if gate =="u3": theta=float(input("Enter \u03B8:\n")) if gate in ["u3","u2","u1"]: phi=float(input("Enter \u03D5:\n")) if gate in ["u3","u2"]: lam=float(input("Enter \u03BB:\n")) if gate in ["u3","u2","u1"]: print("Building animation...") create_images(gate,theta,phi,lam) save_gif(gate) else: print("Not a valid gate, try again...") if __name__ == '__main__': main()
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ #!/usr/bin/env python # coding: utf-8 print("Loading Qiskit...") from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, IBMQ from qiskit.compiler import transpile from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from IPython.core.display import display # Load account and find an available 5-qubit backend print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() print("Getting backend...") backend = least_busy(provider.backends(n_qubits=5, operational=True, simulator=False)) # Uncomment to set the backend to a simulator #backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_qasm_simulator') print("Ch 6: Transpiling circuits") print("--------------------------") # Print the basis gates and coupling map for the selected backend print("Basis gates for:", backend) print(backend.configuration().basis_gates) print("Coupling map for:", backend) print(backend.configuration().coupling_map) def build_circuit(choice): # Create the circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(5,5) if choice=="1": # Simple X qc.x(0) elif choice=="2": # Add H qc.x(0) qc.h(0) elif choice=="3": # H + Barrier qc.x(0) qc.barrier(0) qc.h(0) elif choice=="4": # Controlled Y (CY) qc.cy(0,1) elif choice=="5": # Non-conforming CX qc.cx(0,4) else: # Multi qubit circuit qc.h(0) qc.h(3) qc.cx(0,4) qc.cswap(3,1,2) # Show measurement targets #qc.barrier([0,1,2,3,4]) #qc.measure([0,1,2,3,4],[0,1,2,3,4]) return(qc) def main(): choice="1" while choice !="0": choice=input("Pick a circuit: \n1. Simple X\n2. Add H\n3. H + Barrier\n4. Controlled-Y\n5. Non-conforming CX\n6. Multi-gate\n") qc=build_circuit(choice) # Create the transpiled circuit trans_qc = transpile(qc, backend) # Print the original and transpiled circuits print("Circuit:") display(qc.draw()) print("Transpiled circuit:") display(trans_qc.draw()) # Print the original and transpiled circuit depths print("Circuit depth:") print("---------------") print("Circuit:", qc.depth()) print("Transpiled circuit:", trans_qc.depth()) # Print the original and transpiled circuit sizes print("\nCircuit size:") print("---------------") print("Circuit:", qc.size()) print("Transpiled circuit:", trans_qc.size()) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 Modified Aug 2021s @author: hassi """ print("Ch 7: IBM Q simulators and how they are used") print("--------------------------------------------") # Import Qiskit and load account from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() # Load backends backends=Aer.backends() print("\nAer backends:\n\n",backends) # Collect Aer simulators simulators=[] for sim in range(0,len(backends)): backend = Aer.get_backend(str(backends[sim])) simulators.append(backend.configuration()) # Add IBM Q simulator ibmq_simulator=provider.backends(simulator=True) #simulators.append(provider.get_backend(str(ibmq_simulator[0])).configuration()) for qsim in range(0,len(ibmq_simulator)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(ibmq_simulator[qsim])) simulators.append(backend.configuration()) # Display the raw simulator configuration details print("\nSimulator configuration details:") for sim in range(0,len(simulators)): print("\n") print(simulators[sim].backend_name) print(simulators[sim].to_dict()) # Fish out criteria to compare print("\n") print("{0:25} {1:<10} {2:<10} {3:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits","Max shots.","Description")) print("{0:25} {1:<10} {2:<10} {3:<10}".format("----","-------","--------","------------")) description=[] for sim in range(0,len(simulators)): if simulators[sim].local==True: description.append(simulators[sim].description) elif simulators[sim].local==False: description.append("Non-local IBM Q simulator") print("{0:25} {1:<10} {2:<10} {3:<10}".format(simulators[sim].backend_name, simulators[sim].n_qubits, simulators[sim].max_shots, description[sim]))
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ print("Ch 7: Aer out of the box, a perfect quantum computer") print("----------------------------------------------------") # Import Qiskit from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ, execute # Import visualization tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from IPython.core.display import display # Load account print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() # Enter number of SWAP gates to include with your circuit with (default 20) user_input = input("Enter number of SWAP gates to use: ") try: n = int(user_input) except ValueError: n=10 n_gates=n # Construct quantum circuit circ = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) circ.x(0) while n >0: circ.swap(0,1) circ.barrier() n=n-1 circ.measure([0,1], [0,1]) print("Circuit with",n_gates,"SWAP gates.\n") display(circ.draw()) # Select the QasmSimulator from the Aer provider simulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Execute and get counts result = execute(circ, simulator, shots=simulator.configuration().max_shots).result() counts = result.get_counts(circ) display(plot_histogram(counts, title='Simulated counts for '+str(n_gates)+' SWAP gates.')) print("Simulated SWAP counts:",counts) input("Press enter to run on an IBM Q backend...\n") # Import the least busy backend from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy backend = least_busy(provider.backends(n_qubits=5, operational=True, simulator=False)) print("Least busy backend:",backend) # Execute and get counts job = execute(circ, backend, shots=backend.configuration().max_shots) job_monitor(job) nisq_result=job.result() nisq_counts=nisq_result.get_counts(circ) print("NISQ SWAP counts:",nisq_counts) display(plot_histogram(nisq_counts, title='Counts for '+str(n_gates)+' SWAP gates on '+str(backend))) input("Press enter to transpile the circuit...\n") # Comparing the circuit with the transpiled circuit from qiskit.compiler import transpile trans_swap = transpile(circ, backend) print(trans_swap) print("Basis gates:",backend.configuration().basis_gates) print("SWAP circuit depth:",circ.depth(),"gates") print("Transpiled SWAP circuit depth:",trans_swap.depth(),"gates")
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ print("Ch 7: Adding the noise profile of an IBM Q machine to your local simulator") print("--------------------------------------------------------------------------") # Import Qiskit and load account from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor import numpy as np np.set_printoptions(precision=3) from IPython.core.display import display print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() global backend, noise_model def select_backend(): # Get all available and operational backends. available_backends = provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().n_qubits > 1 and b.status().operational) # Fish out criteria to compare print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits","Pending jobs")) print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("----","-------","------------")) for n in range(0, len(available_backends)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(available_backends[n])) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format(backend.name(),backend.configuration().n_qubits),backend.status().pending_jobs) select_backend=input("Select a backend ('exit' to end): ") if select_backend!="exit": backend = provider.get_backend(select_backend) else: backend=select_backend return(backend) def build_noise_model(backend): # Construct the noise model from backend noise_model = NoiseModel.from_backend(backend) print(noise_model) return(noise_model) def execute_circuit(backend, noise_model): # Basis gates for the noise model basis_gates = noise_model.basis_gates # Coupling map coupling_map = backend.configuration().coupling_map print("Coupling map: ",coupling_map) # Construct the GHZ-state quantum circuit circ = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) circ.h(0) circ.cx(0, 1) circ.cx(0, 2) circ.measure([0,1,2], [0,1,2]) print(circ) # Execute on QASM simulator and get counts counts = execute(circ, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts(circ) display(plot_histogram(counts, title='Ideal counts for 3-qubit GHZ state on local qasm_simulator')) # Execute noisy simulation on QASM simulator and get counts counts_noise = execute(circ, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=basis_gates).result().get_counts(circ) display(plot_histogram(counts_noise, title="Counts for 3-qubit GHZ state with noise model on local qasm simulator")) # Execute noisy simulation on the ibmq_qasm_simulator and get counts counts_noise_ibmq = execute(circ, provider.get_backend('ibmq_qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=basis_gates).result().get_counts(circ) display(plot_histogram(counts_noise_ibmq, title="Counts for 3-qubit GHZ state with noise model on IBMQ qasm simulator")) # Execute job on IBM Q backend and get counts job = execute(circ, backend) job_monitor(job) counts_ibmq=job.result().get_counts() title="Counts for 3-qubit GHZ state on IBMQ backend " + backend.name() display(plot_histogram(counts_ibmq, title=title)) # Display the results for all runs display(plot_histogram([counts, counts_noise, counts_noise_ibmq, counts_ibmq], bar_labels=True, legend=["Baseline","Noise on simulator", "Noise on IBMQ simulator", "IBM Q backend"], title="Comparison")) while True: # Select backend back=select_backend() if back=="exit": break # Build noise model and then run the circuit noise=build_noise_model(back) execute_circuit(back, noise)
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ print("Ch 7: Understanding your circuits with the unitary simulator") print("------------------------------------------------------------") # Import the required Qiskit classes from qiskit import(QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer) # Import some math that we might need from math import pow import numpy as np np.set_printoptions(precision=3) # Create some circuits def circuits(): circuits=[] # Circuit 1 - one qubit in superposition circuit1 = QuantumCircuit(1,1) circuit1.h(0) # Circuit 2 - two qubits in superposition circuit2 = QuantumCircuit(2,2) circuit2.h([0,1]) # Circuit 3 - two entangled qubits circuit3 = QuantumCircuit(2,2) circuit3.h([0]) circuit3.cx(0,1) # Bundle the circuits in a list and return the list circuits=[circuit1,circuit2,circuit3] return(circuits) # Get unitary matrix from unitary simulator def show_unitary(circuit): global unit backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') unit=execute(circuit, backend).result().get_unitary(circuit) print("Unitary matrix for the circuit:\n-------------------------------\n",unit) # Calculate and display the unitary matrix def calc_unitary(circuit,unitary): # Set number of shots shots=1000 # Calculate possible number of outcomes, 2^n qubits binary=int(pow(2,circuit.width()/2)) # Set the binary key for correct binary conversion bin_key='0'+str(int(circuit.width()/2))+'b' # Create a qubit vector based on all qubits in the ground state |0> and a results list for all possible outcomes. vector=[1] outcomes=[format(0, bin_key)+":"] for q in range (1,binary): vector.append(0) outcomes.append(format(q, bin_key)+":") qubits=np.array(vector) # Calculate the dot product of the unitary matrix and the qubits set by the qubits parameter. a_thru_d=np.dot(unitary,qubits) # Print the probabilities (counts) of the calculated outcome. calc_counts={} for out in range (0,len(a_thru_d)): calc_counts[outcomes[out]]=(int(pow(abs(a_thru_d[out]),2)*shots)) print("\nCalculated counts:\n------------------\n",calc_counts) # Automate creation of measurement gates from number of qubits # Run the circuit on the backend if circuit.width()==2: circuit.measure([0],[0]) else: circuit.measure([0,1],[0,1]) backend_count = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') counts=execute(circuit, backend_count,shots=shots).result().get_counts(circuit) # Print the counts of the measured outcome. print("\nExecuted counts:\n----------------\n",counts,"\n") # Main loop def main(): user_input=1 print("\nEnter the number for the circuit to explore:\n--------------------------------------------") while user_input!=0: print("\n0. Exit \n1. One qubit superposition\n2. Two qubit superposition\n3. Two qubit entanglement\n4. Import QASM from IBM Quantum Experience") user_input=int(input()) if user_input!=0: if user_input==4: # From Qasm to Qiskit print("Paste a QASM string after stripping off any measurement gates:") qc = QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_str(input()) print("\nImported circuit:\n-----------------") else: circ=circuits() qc=circ[user_input-1] print("\nSelected circuit:\n-----------------") print(qc) show_unitary(qc) calc_unitary(qc,unit) else: print("Exiting") if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ # Import the required Qiskit classes from qiskit import(QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer) # Import Blochsphere visualization from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_multivector, plot_state_qsphere # Import some math that we will need from IPython.core.display import display # Set numbers display options import numpy as np np.set_printoptions(precision=3) # Create a function that requests and display the state vector # Use this function as a diagnositc tool when constructing your circuits def measure(circuit): measure_circuit=QuantumCircuit(circuit.width()) measure_circuit+=circuit measure_circuit.measure_all() #print(measure_circuit) backend_count = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') counts=execute(measure_circuit, backend_count,shots=10000).result().get_counts(measure_circuit) # Print the counts of the measured outcome. print("\nOutcome:\n",{k: v / total for total in (sum(counts.values())/100,) for k, v in counts.items()},"\n") def s_vec(circuit): backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') print(circuit.num_qubits, "qubit quantum circuit:\n------------------------") print(circuit) psi=execute(circuit, backend).result().get_statevector(circuit) print("State vector for the",circuit.num_qubits,"qubit circuit:\n\n",psi) print("\nState vector as Bloch sphere:") display(plot_bloch_multivector(psi)) print("\nState vector as Q sphere:") display(plot_state_qsphere(psi)) measure(circuit) input("Press enter to continue...\n") # Main loop def main(): user_input=1 while user_input!=0: print("Ch 7: Running “diagnostics” with the state vector simulator") print("-----------------------------------------------------------") user_input=int(input("\nNumber of qubits:\n")) circ_type=input("Superposition 's or entanglement 'e'?\n(To add a phase angle, use 'sp or 'ep'.)\n") if user_input>0: qc = QuantumCircuit(user_input) s_vec(qc) qc.h(user_input-1) s_vec(qc) if user_input>1: for n in range(user_input-1): if circ_type in ["e","ep"]: qc.cx(user_input-1,n) else: qc.h(n) s_vec(qc) if circ_type in ["sp","ep"]: qc.t(user_input-1) s_vec(qc) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020, Updated March 2022 @author: hassi """ print("Ch 8: Qubit properties") print("----------------------") from qiskit import IBMQ print("Getting providers...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() def select_backend(): # Get all available and operational backends. print("Getting backends...") available_backends = provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().num_qubits > 0 and b.status().operational) # Fish out criteria to compare print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits")) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format("----","-------")) for n in range(0, len(available_backends)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(available_backends[n])) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format(backend.name(),backend.configuration().num_qubits)) select_backend=input("Select a backend ('exit' to end): ") if select_backend!="exit": backend = provider.get_backend(select_backend) else: backend=select_backend return(backend) def display_information(backend): basis_gates=backend.configuration().basis_gates num_qubits=backend.configuration().num_qubits if num_qubits>1: coupling_map=backend.configuration().coupling_map else: coupling_map=[] micro=10**6 for qubit in range(num_qubits): print("\nQubit:",qubit) print("T1:",int(backend.properties().t1(qubit)*micro),"\u03BCs") print("T2:",int(backend.properties().t2(qubit)*micro),"\u03BCs") print("Readout error:",round(backend.properties().readout_error(qubit)*100,2),"%") for bg in basis_gates: if bg!="cx" and bg!="reset": if backend.properties().gate_length(bg,[qubit])!=0: print(bg,round(backend.properties().gate_length(bg,[0])*micro,2),"\u03BCs", "Err:",round(backend.properties().gate_error(bg,[qubit])*100,2),"%") else: print(bg,round(backend.properties().gate_length(bg,[0])*micro,2),"\u03BCs", "Err:",round(backend.properties().gate_error(bg,[qubit])*100,2),"%") if num_qubits>0: for cm in coupling_map: if qubit in cm: print("cx",cm,round(backend.properties().gate_length("cx",cm)*micro,2),"\u03BCs", "Err:",round(backend.properties().gate_error("cx",cm)*100,2),"%") # Main def main(): backend=select_backend() display_information(backend) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ from qiskit import IBMQ, Aer, QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram,plot_error_map from qiskit.compiler import transpile from IPython.core.display import display print("Ch 8: Comparing qubits on a chip") print("--------------------------------") print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() def select_backend(): # Get all available and operational backends. available_backends = provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().n_qubits > 1 and b.status().operational) # Fish out criteria to compare print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits","Pending jobs")) print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("----","-------","------------")) for n in range(0, len(available_backends)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(available_backends[n])) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format(backend.name(),backend.configuration().n_qubits),backend.status().pending_jobs) select_backend=input("Select a backend ('LB' for least busy): ") if select_backend not in ["LB","lb"]: backend = provider.get_backend(str(select_backend)) else: from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().n_qubits > 1 and b.status().operational)) print("Selected backend:",backend.status().backend_name) return(backend) def get_gate_info(backend): # Pull out the gates information. gates=backend.properties().gates #Cycle through the CX gate couplings to find the best and worst cx_best_worst = [[[0,0],1],[[0,0],0]] for n in range (0, len(gates)): if gates[n].gate == "cx": print(gates[n].name, ":", gates[n].parameters[0].name,"=", gates[n].parameters[0].value) if cx_best_worst[0][1]>gates[n].parameters[0].value: cx_best_worst[0][1]=gates[n].parameters[0].value cx_best_worst[0][0]=gates[n].qubits if cx_best_worst[1][1]<gates[n].parameters[0].value: cx_best_worst[1][1]=gates[n].parameters[0].value cx_best_worst[1][0]=gates[n].qubits print("Best cx gate:", cx_best_worst[0][0], ",", round(cx_best_worst[0][1]*100,3),"%") print("Worst cx gate:", cx_best_worst[1][0], ",", round(cx_best_worst[1][1]*100,3),"%") display(plot_error_map(backend, show_title=True)) return(cx_best_worst) def create_circuits(backend, cx_best_worst): print("Building circuits...") q1 = QuantumRegister(backend.configuration().n_qubits) c1 = ClassicalRegister(backend.configuration().n_qubits) qc_best = QuantumCircuit(q1, c1) qc_worst = QuantumCircuit(q1, c1) #Best circuit qc_best.h(q1[cx_best_worst[0][0][0]]) qc_best.cx(q1[cx_best_worst[0][0][0]], q1[cx_best_worst[0][0][1]]) qc_best.measure(q1[cx_best_worst[0][0][0]], c1[0]) qc_best.measure(q1[cx_best_worst[0][0][1]], c1[1]) print("Best CX:") display(qc_best.draw('mpl')) trans_qc_best = transpile(qc_best, backend) print("Transpiled qc_best circuit:") display(trans_qc_best.draw()) #Worst circuit qc_worst.h(q1[cx_best_worst[1][0][0]]) qc_worst.cx(q1[cx_best_worst[1][0][0]], q1[cx_best_worst[1][0][1]]) qc_worst.measure(q1[cx_best_worst[1][0][0]], c1[0]) qc_worst.measure(q1[cx_best_worst[1][0][1]], c1[1]) print("Worst CX:") display(qc_worst.draw('mpl')) return(qc_best,qc_worst) def compare_cx(backend,qc_best,qc_worst): print("Comparing CX pairs...") job_best = execute(qc_best, backend, shots=8192) job_monitor(job_best) job_worst = execute(qc_worst, backend, shots=8192) job_monitor(job_worst) q = QuantumRegister(backend.configuration().n_qubits) c = ClassicalRegister(backend.configuration().n_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.h(q[0]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.measure(q[0], c[0]) qc.measure(q[1], c[1]) backend_sim = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job_sim = execute(qc, backend_sim) best_result = job_best.result() counts_best = best_result.get_counts(qc_best) print("Best qubit pair:") print(counts_best) worst_result = job_worst.result() counts_worst = worst_result.get_counts(qc_worst) print("Worst qubit pair:") print(counts_worst) sim_result = job_sim.result() counts_sim = sim_result.get_counts(qc) print("Simulated baseline:") print(counts_sim) display(plot_histogram([counts_best, counts_worst, counts_sim], title = "Best and worst qubit pair for: " + backend.name(), legend = ["Best qubit pair","Worst qubit pair","Simulated baseline"], sort = 'desc', figsize = (15,12), color = ['green', 'red','blue'], bar_labels = True)) def main(): backend=select_backend() cx_best_worst=get_gate_info(backend) qc_best, qc_worst=create_circuits(backend, cx_best_worst) compare_cx(backend,qc_best,qc_worst) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ print("Ch 8: How many gates do I have time for") print("---------------------------------------") # Import Qiskit and load account from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from IPython.core.display import display print("Getting providers...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() def select_backend(): # Get all available and operational backends. print("Getting backends...") available_backends = provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().n_qubits > 0 and b.status().operational) # Fish out criteria to compare print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits","Pending jobs")) print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("----","-------","------------")) for n in range(0, len(available_backends)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(available_backends[n])) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format(backend.name(),backend.configuration().n_qubits),backend.status().pending_jobs) select_backend=input("Select a backend:\n") backend = provider.get_backend(select_backend) return(backend) def display_information(backend,n_id,ttype): micro=10**6 qubit=0 T1=int(backend.properties().t1(qubit)*micro) T2=int(backend.properties().t2(qubit)*micro) id_len=backend.properties().gate_length("id",[0])*micro if ttype=="T1": T=T1 else: T=T2 print("\nBackend data:") print("\nBackend online since:",backend.configuration().online_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')) print("Qubit:",qubit) print("T1:",T1,"\u03BCs") print("T2:",T2,"\u03BCs") print("Readout error:",round(backend.properties().readout_error(qubit)*100,2),"%") print("Qubit",qubit,"Id length:",round(id_len,3),"\u03BCs") print(ttype,"-id =", round(T-n_id*id_len,2),"\u03BCs",int((100*n_id*id_len)/T),"%") return(T) def build_circuit(ttype,n_id): qc = QuantumCircuit(1,1) qc.x(0) if ttype in ["T2","t2"]: qc.h(0) for n in range(int(n_id)): qc.id(0) qc.barrier(0) if ttype in ["T2","t2"]: qc.h(0) qc.measure(0,0) return(qc) def build_noise_model(backend): print("Building noise model...") # Construct the noise model from backend noise_model = NoiseModel.from_backend(backend) return(noise_model) def execute_circuit(backend, circuit,noise_model, n_id): # Basis gates for the noise model basis_gates = noise_model.basis_gates # Coupling map coupling_map = backend.configuration().coupling_map # Execute noisy simulation on QASM simulator and get counts noisy_counts = execute(circuit, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=basis_gates).result().get_counts(circuit) return(noisy_counts) # Main def main(): # Set the time type ttype="T1" # Select the backend to simulate or run on backend=select_backend() back_sim=input("Enter Q to run on the selected backend, S to run on the simulated backend:\n") if back_sim in ["Q","q"]: sim=False else: sim=True noise_model=build_noise_model(backend) n_id=int(input("Number of id gates:\n")) t=display_information(backend,n_id,ttype) qc=build_circuit(ttype,n_id) # Print sample circuit print("\nSample 5-Id gate",ttype,"circuit:") display(build_circuit(ttype,5).draw('mpl')) # Run the circuit on a simulator job = execute(qc, backend=Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), shots=8192) results = job.result() sim_counts = results.get_counts() print("\nRunning:") print("Results for simulator:",sim_counts) # Run the circuit entry={'sim':sim_counts} legend=['sim'] length=n_id while length!=0: qc=build_circuit(ttype,length) if sim: noisy_counts=execute_circuit(backend,qc,noise_model,length) else: job = execute(qc, backend=backend, shots=8192) job_monitor(job) results = job.result() noisy_counts = results.get_counts() print("Results for",length,"Id gates:",noisy_counts) entry.update({str(length):noisy_counts}) legend.append(str(length)) length=int(length/4) # Store the results in an array results_array=[] for i in legend: results_array.append(entry[i]) # Display the final results title="ID-circuits on "+str(backend)+" with "+ttype+"= "+str(t)+" \u03BCs" if sim: title+=" (Simulated)" title+=" \nOnline since: "+str(backend.configuration().online_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')) display(plot_histogram(results_array, legend=legend, title=title)) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ print("Ch 8: Correct for the expected") print("------------------------------") # Import Qiskit and load account from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ, QuantumRegister, execute from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from IPython.core.display import display print("Getting providers...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() def select_backend(): # Get all available and operational backends. available_backends = provider.backends(filters=lambda b: not b.configuration().simulator and b.configuration().n_qubits > 1 and b.status().operational) # Fish out criteria to compare print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("Name","#Qubits","Pending jobs")) print("{0:20} {1:<10} {2:<10}".format("----","-------","------------")) for n in range(0, len(available_backends)): backend = provider.get_backend(str(available_backends[n])) print("{0:20} {1:<10}".format(backend.name(),backend.configuration().n_qubits),backend.status().pending_jobs) select_backend=input("Select a backend ('exit' to end): ") if select_backend!="exit": backend = provider.get_backend(select_backend) else: backend=select_backend return(backend) def create_circuit(): #Create the circuit circuit = QuantumCircuit(3) circuit.h(0) circuit.cx(0,1) circuit.cx(0,2) circuit.measure_all() print("Our circuit:") display(circuit.draw('mpl')) return(circuit) def simulator_results(circuit): # Run the circuit on the local simulator job = execute(circuit, backend=Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), shots=8192) job_monitor(job) results = job.result() sim_counts = results.get_counts() print("Simulator results:\n",sim_counts) return(sim_counts) def noisy_results(circuit,backend): # Select backend and run the circuit job = execute(circuit, backend=backend, shots=8192) job_monitor(job) results = job.result() noisy_counts = results.get_counts() print(backend,"results:\n",noisy_counts) return(noisy_counts,results) def mitigated_results(circuit,backend,results): # Import the required methods from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.ignis.mitigation.measurement import (complete_meas_cal,CompleteMeasFitter) # Get noise model for backend noise_model = NoiseModel.from_backend(backend) # Create the measurement fitter qr = QuantumRegister(circuit.num_qubits) meas_calibs, state_labels = complete_meas_cal(qr=qr, circlabel='mcal') job = execute(meas_calibs, backend=Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), shots=8192, noise_model=noise_model) cal_results = job.result() meas_fitter = CompleteMeasFitter(cal_results, state_labels, circlabel='mcal') #print(meas_fitter.cal_matrix) # Plot the calibration matrix print("Calibration matrix") meas_fitter.plot_calibration() # Get the filter object meas_filter = meas_fitter.filter # Results with mitigation mitigated_results = meas_filter.apply(results) mitigated_counts = mitigated_results.get_counts(0) print("Mitigated",backend,"results:\n",mitigated_counts) return(mitigated_counts) def main(): backend=select_backend() circ=create_circuit() sim_counts=simulator_results(circ) noisy_counts,results=noisy_results(circ,backend) # Analyze and error correct the measurements mitigated_counts=mitigated_results(circ,backend,results) # Show all results as a comparison print("Final results:") display(plot_histogram([sim_counts, noisy_counts, mitigated_counts], legend=['sim','noisy', 'mitigated'])) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ print('\nChapter 8: Shor Code') print('---------------------') from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_multivector, plot_state_qsphere # Supporting methods from math import pi from random import random from IPython.core.display import display # Set the Aer simulator backend backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Function that returns the state vector (Psi) for the qc def get_psi(qc): global psi backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') result = execute(qc, backend).result() psi = result.get_statevector(qc) return(psi) # Function that adds an error to the first qubit def add_error(error, circuit,ry_error, rz_error): circuit.barrier([x for x in range(circuit.num_qubits)]) if error=="1": #Bit flip error circuit.x(0) elif error=="2": #Bit flip plus phase flip error circuit.x(0) circuit.z(0) else: #Theta plus phi shift and Random circuit.ry(ry_error,0) circuit.rz(rz_error,0) circuit.barrier([x for x in range(circuit.num_qubits)]) return(circuit) def not_corrected(error, ry_error, rz_error): # Non-corrected code qco = QuantumCircuit(1,1) print("\nOriginal qubit, in state |0>") display(plot_bloch_multivector(get_psi(qco))) display(plot_state_qsphere(get_psi(qco))) # Add error add_error(error,qco, ry_error, rz_error) print("\nQubit with error...") display(plot_bloch_multivector(get_psi(qco))) display(plot_state_qsphere(get_psi(qco))) qco.measure(0,0) display(qco.draw('mpl')) job = execute(qco, backend, shots=1000) counts = job.result().get_counts() print("\nResult of qubit error:") print("-----------------------") print(counts) def shor_corrected(error, ry_error, rz_error): # A combination of a three qubit phase flip code, and 3 bit flip codes qc = QuantumCircuit(9,1) print("\nOriginal LSB qubit, in state |...0>") display(plot_state_qsphere(get_psi(qc))) # Start of phase flip code qc.cx(0,3) qc.cx(0,6) qc.h(0) qc.h(3) qc.h(6) qc.barrier([x for x in range(qc.num_qubits)]) # Start of bit flip codes qc.cx(0,1) qc.cx(3,4) qc.cx(6,7) qc.cx(0,2) qc.cx(3,5) qc.cx(6,8) # Error code add_error(error,qc, ry_error, rz_error) print("Qubit with error... LSB can be in |...0> and in |...1>, with various phase.") display(plot_state_qsphere(get_psi(qc))) display(qc.draw('mpl')) # End of bit flip codes qc.cx(0,1) qc.cx(3,4) qc.cx(6,7) qc.cx(0,2) qc.cx(3,5) qc.cx(6,8) qc.ccx(1,2,0) qc.ccx(4,5,3) qc.ccx(8,7,6) # End of phase flip code qc.h(0) qc.h(3) qc.h(6) qc.cx(0,3) qc.cx(0,6) qc.ccx(6,3,0) qc.barrier([x for x in range(qc.num_qubits)]) qc.measure(0,0) print("Error corrected qubit... LSB in |...0> with phase 0.") display(plot_state_qsphere(get_psi(qc))) display(qc.draw('mpl')) job = execute(qc, backend, shots=1000) counts = job.result().get_counts() print("\nResult of qubit error after Shor code correction:") print("--------------------------------------------------") print(counts) def main(): error="1" ry_error=0 rz_error=0 while error!="0": error=input("Select an error:\n1. Bit flip\n2. Bit flip plus phase flip\n3. Theta plus phi shift\n4. Random\n") if error=="3": ry_error=float(input("Enter theta:\n")) rz_error=float(input("Enter phi:\n")) if error=="4": ry_error=pi*random() rz_error=2*pi*random() not_corrected(error, ry_error, rz_error) input("Press enter for error correction...") shor_corrected(error, ry_error, rz_error) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, Aer, execute from IPython.core.display import display from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram print("Ch 9: Grover with ancilla qubits") print("--------------------------------") # Create 3 qubit circuit with two classical bits qc=QuantumCircuit(3,2) qc.h([0,1]) qc.x(2) # Code for the oracle qc.barrier([0,1,2]) qc.x(0) qc.barrier([0,1,2]) # Phase kickback using the ancilla qubit qc.h(2) qc.ccx(0,1,2) qc.h(2) # End code for the oracle qc.barrier([0,1,2]) qc.x(0) qc.barrier([0,1,2]) # Amplifier qc.h([0,1]) qc.x([0,1]) qc.h(1) qc.cx(0,1) qc.h(1) qc.barrier([0,1,2]) qc.x([0,1]) qc.h([0,1]) # Measure two qubits qc.measure([0,1],[0,1]) # Display circuit and execute on simulator display(qc.draw('mpl')) backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute(qc, backend, shots=1) result = job.result() counts = result.get_counts(qc) display(plot_histogram(counts))
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ # Import core IPython display method from IPython.core.display import display # The core Grover functions def create_oracle(oracle_type,size): from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister global qr, cr qr = QuantumRegister(size) cr = ClassicalRegister(size) oracleCircuit=QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) oracle_type_rev=oracle_type[::-1] for n in range(size-1,-1,-1): if oracle_type_rev[n] =="0": oracleCircuit.x(qr[n]) oracleCircuit.h(qr[size-1]) if size==2: oracleCircuit.cx(qr[size-2],qr[size-1]); if size==3: oracleCircuit.ccx(qr[size-3],qr[size-2],qr[size-1]) if size==4: oracleCircuit.mcx([qr[size-4],qr[size-3],qr[size-2]],qr[size-1]) if size>=5: oracleCircuit.mcx([qr[size-5],qr[size-4],qr[size-3],qr[size-2]],qr[size-1]) oracleCircuit.h(qr[size-1]) for n in range(size-1,-1,-1): if oracle_type_rev[n] =="0": oracleCircuit.x(qr[n]) return(oracleCircuit) def create_amplifier(size): from qiskit import QuantumCircuit # Let's create the amplifier circuit for two qubits. amplifierCircuit=QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) amplifierCircuit.barrier(qr) amplifierCircuit.h(qr) amplifierCircuit.x(qr) amplifierCircuit.h(qr[size-1]) if size==2: amplifierCircuit.cx(qr[size-2],qr[size-1]); if size==3: amplifierCircuit.ccx(qr[size-3],qr[size-2],qr[size-1]) if size==4: amplifierCircuit.mcx([qr[size-4],qr[size-3],qr[size-2]],qr[size-1]) if size>=5: amplifierCircuit.mcx([qr[size-5],qr[size-4],qr[size-3],qr[size-2]],qr[size-1]) amplifierCircuit.h(qr[size-1]) amplifierCircuit.barrier(qr) amplifierCircuit.x(qr) amplifierCircuit.h(qr) return(amplifierCircuit) def create_grover(oracleCircuit,amplifierCircuit,showstep): from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from math import sqrt, pow, pi groverCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) # Initiate the Grover with Hadamards if showstep: display_circuit(groverCircuit,True,False) groverCircuit.h(qr) groverCircuit.barrier(qr) if showstep: display_circuit(groverCircuit,True,False) # Add the oracle and the inversion for n in range(int(pi/4*(sqrt(pow(2,oracleCircuit.num_qubits))))): groverCircuit+=oracleCircuit if showstep: display_circuit(groverCircuit,True,False) groverCircuit+=amplifierCircuit if showstep: display_circuit(groverCircuit,True,False) # Add measurements groverCircuit.measure(qr,cr) return(groverCircuit) # The visualizarion functions def print_psi(psi): if len(psi)==2: print("Statevector:\n", round(psi[0].real,3),"|0\u27E9 ", round(psi[1].real,3),"|1\u27E9 ") elif len(psi)==4: print("Statevector:\n", round(psi[0].real,3),"|00\u27E9 ", round(psi[1].real,3),"|01\u27E9 ", round(psi[2].real,3),"|10\u27E9 ", round(psi[3].real,3),"|11\u27E9 ") elif len(psi)==8: print("Statevector:\n", round(psi[0].real,3),"|000\u27E9 ", round(psi[1].real,3),"|001\u27E9 ", round(psi[2].real,3),"|010\u27E9 ", round(psi[3].real,3),"|011\u27E9 ", round(psi[4].real,3),"|100\u27E9 ", round(psi[5].real,3),"|101\u27E9 ", round(psi[6].real,3),"|110\u27E9 ", round(psi[7].real,3),"|111\u27E9 ") else: print("Statevector:\n", psi) def get_psi(circuit, vis): from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_multivector, plot_state_qsphere from qiskit import Aer, execute global psi backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') psi = execute(circuit, backend).result().get_statevector(circuit) if vis=="Q": display(plot_state_qsphere(psi)) elif vis=="M": print(psi) elif vis=="B": display(plot_bloch_multivector(psi)) vis="" print_psi(psi) return(psi) def print_unitary(circuit): from qiskit import BasicAer, execute import numpy numpy.set_printoptions(formatter={'float': lambda x: "{0:0.2f}".format(x)}) backend = BasicAer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') unit=execute(circuit, backend).result().get_unitary(circuit) print("Unitary matrix:\n") print(unit.real) def display_circuit(circuit,psi,unitary): disp=True if disp: display(circuit.draw(output="mpl")) if psi: get_psi(circuit,"Q") if unitary: print_unitary(circuit) # The execute functions def get_backend(back): from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy if back=="IBMQ": global ibmqbackend print("Loading IBMQ account...") IBMQ.load_account() print("Getting least busy backend...") provider = IBMQ.get_provider() ibmqbackend = least_busy(provider.backends(n_qubits=5, operational=True, simulator=False)) backend = ibmqbackend else: backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') return(backend) def run_grover(oracle_type,groverCircuit,backend): from qiskit import execute from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor print("Sending job to: "+str(backend.name())) shots = 8192 job = execute(groverCircuit, backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job) results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts() print("Grover search outcome for |"+str(oracle_type)+"\u27E9 oracle") title = "Grover on "+str(backend.name()) display(plot_histogram(answer, title=title)) return(results,backend) def mitigated_results(backend,circuit,results,results_sim): from qiskit import Aer, execute from qiskit import QuantumRegister # Import the required classes from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.ignis.mitigation.measurement import (complete_meas_cal,CompleteMeasFitter) from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy numpy.set_printoptions(formatter={'float': lambda x: "{0:0.2f}".format(x)}) # Get noise model for backend noise_model = NoiseModel.from_backend(backend) # Create the measurement fitter qr = QuantumRegister(circuit.num_qubits) meas_calibs, state_labels = complete_meas_cal(qr=qr, circlabel='mcal') job = execute(meas_calibs, backend=Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), shots=8192, noise_model=noise_model) cal_results = job.result() meas_fitter = CompleteMeasFitter(cal_results, state_labels, circlabel='mcal') print(meas_fitter.cal_matrix) # Get the filter object meas_filter = meas_fitter.filter # Results with mitigation mitigated_results = meas_filter.apply(results) mitigated_counts = mitigated_results.get_counts(0) title = "Mitigated Grover on "+str(ibmqbackend.name()) display(plot_histogram([results_sim.get_counts(),results.get_counts(), mitigated_counts], title=title, legend=['sim','noisy', 'mitigated'])) return(mitigated_counts) def transpile_circuit(circuit,backend): from qiskit.compiler import transpile trans_circ = transpile(circuit, backend) display(trans_circ.draw(output="mpl")) print("Circuit data\n\nDepth: ",trans_circ.depth(),"\nWidth: ",trans_circ.width(),"\nSize: ",trans_circ.size())
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020 @author: hassi """ # Importing Qiskit from qiskit import QuantumCircuit # Import display circuit from our Grover collection from ch9_grover_functions import display_circuit def main(): # First, let's see a phase shift print("Ch 9: Phase kickback") print("--------------------") print("\nLet's start with initalizing a single qubit to |0>...") qc1 = QuantumCircuit(1) display_circuit(qc1,True,False) input("Press Enter to set the qubit in superposition...") qc1.h(0) display_circuit(qc1,True,False) input("Press Enter to add a phase shift...") qc1.z(0) display_circuit(qc1,True,False) input("Press Enter to create a two qubit circuit...") qc = QuantumCircuit(2) display_circuit(qc,True,False) input("Press Enter to set qubits in superposition...") qc.h([0,1]) display_circuit(qc,True,False) input("Press Enter to phase shift second qubit using Z gate...") qc.z(1) display_circuit(qc,True,False) input("Press Enter to phase shift first qubit using Z gate...") qc.z(0) display_circuit(qc,True,False) input("Press Enter to create a new circuit...") qc = QuantumCircuit(2) display_circuit(qc,True,False) input("Press Enter to set qubits in superposition...") qc.h([0,1]) display_circuit(qc,True,False) input("Press Enter to phase shift second qubit using Z gate...") qc.z(1) display_circuit(qc,True,False) input("Press Enter to add a CX...") qc.cx(0,1) display_circuit(qc,True,False) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020, Updated March 2022 @author: hassi """ from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ # Do the necessary import for our program from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit.algorithms import Grover, AmplificationProblem from qiskit.circuit.library import PhaseOracle # Import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from IPython.core.display import display global oracle_method, oracle_type def log_length(oracle_input): from math import sqrt, pow, pi filtered = [c.lower() for c in oracle_input if c.isalpha()] result = len(filtered) num_iterations=int(pi/4*(sqrt(pow(2,result)))) return num_iterations def create_oracle(oracle_method): oracle_text={"log":"~A & ~B & C"} # set the input global num_iterations print("Enter the oracle input string, such as:"+oracle_text[oracle_method]+"\nor enter 'def' for a default string.") oracle_input=input('\nOracle input:\n ') if oracle_input=="def": oracle_type=oracle_text[oracle_method] else: oracle_type = oracle_input num_iterations=log_length(oracle_type) print("Iterations: ", num_iterations) return(oracle_type) def run_grover(oracle_type, oracle_method, backend): # Create and run the oracle on the selected backen oracle = PhaseOracle(oracle_type) problem = AmplificationProblem(oracle, is_good_state=oracle.evaluate_bitstring) algorithm = Grover(iterations=num_iterations, quantum_instance=QuantumInstance(backend, shots=1024)) # Display the results result = algorithm.amplify(problem) display(plot_histogram(result.circuit_results[0])) print("Backend:",backend.name()+"\nResult:",result.top_measurement) # Main loop def main(): # set the oracle method: "Log" for logical expression oracle_method="log" while oracle_method!=0: print("Ch 11: Grover search with Aqua") print("------------------------------") # Set the oracle type oracle_type=create_oracle(oracle_method) print("Oracle method:",oracle_method) print("Oracle for:", oracle_type) # Run on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') run_grover(oracle_type, oracle_method, backend) # Run the algorithm on an IBM Quantum backend print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy backend = least_busy(provider.backends(n_qubits=5, operational=True, simulator=False)) run_grover(oracle_type, oracle_method, backend) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Quantum-Computing-in-Practice-with-Qiskit-and-IBM-Quantum-Experience
PacktPublishing
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created Nov 2020, Updated March 2022 @author: hassi """ # https://www.qiskit.org/documentation/_modules/qiskit/algorithms/factorizers/shor.html from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ from qiskit.algorithms import Shor from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance import time global backend, shots def display_shor(N, backend, shots): print("Building Shor circuit...") instance = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=shots) shors = Shor(quantum_instance = instance) shor_circuit = shors.construct_circuit(N) print("Shor circuit for: ",str(N) ) print(shor_circuit) print("Decomposed Shor circuit for: ",str(N) ) print(shor_circuit.decompose()) print("Circuit data\n\nDepth: ",shor_circuit.depth(),"\nWidth: ",shor_circuit.width(),"\nSize: ",shor_circuit.size()) def run_shor(N, backend, shots): print("Running Shor's algorithm for",str(N),"on", backend,"...") instance = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=shots) shors = Shor(quantum_instance = instance) results=shors.factor(N) if results.factors==[]: print("No prime factors: ",str(N),"=",str(N)) elif isinstance(results.factors[0],int): print("Prime factors: ",str(N),"=",results.factors[0],"^ 2") else: print("Prime factors: ",str(N),"=",results.factors[0][0],"*",results.factors[0][1]) def main(): number=1 print("\nCh 11: Shor's algorithm with Aqua") print("---------------------------------") while number!=0: number=int(input("\nEnter an odd number N >1 (0 to exit):\n")) if number<=64: #Arbitrarily set upper limit for local simulator print("Getting local simulator backend...") backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 else: print("Getting provider...") if not IBMQ.active_account(): IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() print("Getting IBM Q simulator backend...") backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_qasm_simulator') if number>1 and number % 2>0: type=input("Enter R to run the Shor algorithm, D to display the circuit.\n") start_time=time.time() if type.upper()=="D": display_shor(number, backend, shots) elif type.upper()=="R": run_shor(number, backend, shots) elif type.upper() in ["RD","DR"]: display_shor(number, backend, shots) run_shor(number, backend, shots) end_time=time.time() print("Elapsed time: ","%.2f" % (end_time-start_time), "s") else: print("The number must be odd and larger than 1.") if __name__ == '__main__': main()
https://github.com/ozaner/qRNG
ozaner
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. # pylint: disable=wrong-import-order """Main Qiskit public functionality.""" import pkgutil # First, check for required Python and API version from . import util # qiskit errors operator from .exceptions import QiskitError # The main qiskit operators from qiskit.circuit import ClassicalRegister from qiskit.circuit import QuantumRegister from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin from qiskit.tools.compiler import compile # TODO remove after 0.8 from qiskit.execute import execute # The qiskit.extensions.x imports needs to be placed here due to the # mechanism for adding gates dynamically. import qiskit.extensions import qiskit.circuit.measure import qiskit.circuit.reset # Allow extending this namespace. Please note that currently this line needs # to be placed *before* the wrapper imports or any non-import code AND *before* # importing the package you want to allow extensions for (in this case `backends`). __path__ = pkgutil.extend_path(__path__, __name__) # Please note these are global instances, not modules. from qiskit.providers.basicaer import BasicAer # Try to import the Aer provider if installed. try: from qiskit.providers.aer import Aer except ImportError: pass # Try to import the IBMQ provider if installed. try: from qiskit.providers.ibmq import IBMQ except ImportError: pass from .version import __version__ from .version import __qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
# initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram nQubits = 2 # number of physical qubits used to represent s s = 3 # the hidden integer # make sure that a can be represented with nqubits s = s % 2**(nQubits) # Creating registers # qubits for querying the oracle and finding the hidden integer qr = QuantumRegister(nQubits) # bits for recording the measurement on qr cr = ClassicalRegister(nQubits) bvCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) barriers = True # Apply Hadamard gates before querying the oracle for i in range(nQubits): bvCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: bvCircuit.barrier() # Apply the inner-product oracle for i in range(nQubits): if (s & (1 << i)): bvCircuit.z(qr[i]) else: bvCircuit.iden(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: bvCircuit.barrier() #Apply Hadamard gates after querying the oracle for i in range(nQubits): bvCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: bvCircuit.barrier() # Measurement bvCircuit.measure(qr, cr) bvCircuit.draw(output='mpl') # use local simulator backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(bvCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to 5 qubits IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(bvCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results from the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
# initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # set the length of the $n$-bit string. n = 2 # set the oracle, b for balanced, c for constant oracle = "b" # if the oracle is balanced, set the hidden bitstring, b if oracle == "b": b = 3 # np.random.randint(1,2**n) uncomment for a random value # if the oracle is constant, set c = 0 or 1 randomly. if oracle == "c": c = np.random.randint(2) # Creating registers # n qubits for querying the oracle and one qubit for storing the answer qr = QuantumRegister(n+1) cr = ClassicalRegister(n) djCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) barriers = True # Since all qubits are initialized to |0>, we need to flip the second register qubit to the the |1> state djCircuit.x(qr[n]) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to all qubits djCircuit.h(qr) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Query the oracle if oracle == "c": # if the oracle is constant, return c if c == 1: djCircuit.x(qr[n]) else: djCircuit.iden(qr[n]) else: # otherwise, the oracle is balanced and it returns the inner product of the input with b (non-zero bitstring) for i in range(n): if (b & (1 << i)): djCircuit.cx(qr[i], qr[n]) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to the first register after querying the oracle for i in range(n): djCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Measure the first register for i in range(n): djCircuit.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) djCircuit.draw(output='mpl') # use local simulator backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(djCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to 5 qubits IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(djCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results of the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer, Aer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram qr = QuantumRegister(2) cr = ClassicalRegister(2) groverCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) groverCircuit.h(qr) groverCircuit.x(qr) groverCircuit.cz(qr[0],qr[1]) groverCircuit.x(qr) groverCircuit.h(qr) groverCircuit.z(qr) groverCircuit.cz(qr[0],qr[1]) groverCircuit.h(qr) groverCircuit.draw(output="mpl") backend_sim = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job_sim = execute(groverCircuit, backend_sim) statevec = job_sim.result().get_statevector() print(statevec) groverCircuit.measure(qr,cr) backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(groverCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) # Load IBM Q account and get the least busy backend device provider = IBMQ.load_account() device = least_busy(provider.backends(simulator=False)) print("Running on current least busy device: ", device) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor job = execute(groverCircuit, backend=device, shots=1024, max_credits=10) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results from the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts(groverCircuit) plot_histogram(answer) def phase_oracle(circuit, register): circuit.cz(qr[2],qr[0]) circuit.cz(qr[2],qr[1]) def n_controlled_Z(circuit, controls, target): """Implement a Z gate with multiple controls""" if (len(controls) > 2): raise ValueError('The controlled Z with more than 2 controls is not implemented') elif (len(controls) == 1): circuit.h(target) circuit.cx(controls[0], target) circuit.h(target) elif (len(controls) == 2): circuit.h(target) circuit.ccx(controls[0], controls[1], target) circuit.h(target) def inversion_about_average(circuit, register, n, barriers): """Apply inversion about the average step of Grover's algorithm.""" circuit.h(register) circuit.x(register) if barriers: circuit.barrier() n_controlled_Z(circuit, [register[j] for j in range(n-1)], register[n-1]) if barriers: circuit.barrier() circuit.x(register) circuit.h(register) barriers = True qr = QuantumRegister(3) cr = ClassicalRegister(3) groverCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) groverCircuit.h(qr) if barriers: groverCircuit.barrier() phase_oracle(groverCircuit, qr) if barriers: groverCircuit.barrier() inversion_about_average(groverCircuit, qr, 3, barriers) if barriers: groverCircuit.barrier() groverCircuit.measure(qr,cr) groverCircuit.draw(output="mpl") backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(groverCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(groverCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results from the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts(groverCircuit) plot_histogram(answer) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import math # importing Qiskit from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram IBMQ.load_account() def input_state(circ, q, n): """n-qubit input state for QFT that produces output 1.""" for j in range(n): circ.h(q[j]) circ.u1(-math.pi/float(2**(j)), q[j]) def qft(circ, q, n): """n-qubit QFT on q in circ.""" for j in range(n): circ.h(q[j]) for k in range(j+1,n): circ.cu1(math.pi/float(2**(k-j)), q[k], q[j]) circ.barrier() q = QuantumRegister(3, 'x') c = ClassicalRegister(3, 'c') qft3 = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # first, prepare the state that should return 001 and draw that circuit input_state(qft3, q, 3) qft3.draw(output='mpl') # next, do a qft on the prepared state and draw the entire circuit qft(qft3, q, 3) for i in range(3): qft3.measure(q[i], c[i]) qft3.draw(output='mpl') # run on local simulator backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") simulate = execute(qft3, backend=backend, shots=1024).result() simulate.get_counts() # Use the IBMQ Vigo device with 5 qubits IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_vigo') shots = 2048 job_exp = execute(qft3, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job_exp) results = job_exp.result() plot_histogram(results.get_counts()) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np import math # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram q = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') c = ClassicalRegister(2, 'c') qpe = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qpe.x(q[2]) qpe.h(q[0]) qpe.h(q[1]) # controlled unitary from q[0] is the identity matrix # controlled unitary from q[1] is a controlled-Z gate qpe.cz(q[1], q[2]); def qft(circ, q, n): """n-qubit QFT on q in circ.""" for j in range(n): circ.h(q[j]) for k in range(j+1,n): circ.cu1(math.pi/float(2**(k-j)), q[k], q[j]) def qft_dagger(circ, q, n): """n-qubit QFTdagger on q in circ.""" for j in range(n): k = (n-1) - j for m in range(k): circ.cu1(-math.pi/float(2**(k-m)), q[k], q[m]) circ.h(q[k]) qft_dagger(qpe, q, 2) qpe.measure(q[0],c[0]) qpe.measure(q[1],c[1]) qpe.draw(output="mpl") nancilla = 4 q2 = QuantumRegister(nancilla+2, 'q') c2 = ClassicalRegister(nancilla, 'c') qpe2 = QuantumCircuit(q2, c2) qpe2.x(q2[nancilla]) qpe2.x(q2[nancilla+1]) for i in range(nancilla): qpe2.h(q2[i]) # controlled unitary from q[0] is the identity matrix # controlled unitary from q[1] is the identity matrix # controlled unitary from q[2] is a controlled-Z gate qpe2.h(q2[nancilla+1]) qpe2.ccx(q2[nancilla-1], q2[nancilla], q2[nancilla+1]) qpe2.h(q2[nancilla+1]) qft_dagger(qpe2, q2, nancilla) for i in range(nancilla): qpe2.measure(q2[i],c2[i]) qpe2.draw(output="mpl") backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 2048 results = execute(qpe, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) results2 = execute(qpe2, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer2 = results2.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer2) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_vigo') from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 2048 job_exp = execute(qpe, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job_exp, interval = 2) # get the results from the computation results = job_exp.result() answer = results.get_counts(qpe) plot_histogram(answer)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram s = '11' # Creating registers # qubits for querying the oracle and finding the hidden period s qr = QuantumRegister(2*len(str(s))) # classical registers for recording the measurement from qr cr = ClassicalRegister(2*len(str(s))) simonCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) barriers = True # Apply Hadamard gates before querying the oracle for i in range(len(str(s))): simonCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Apply the query function ## 2-qubit oracle for s = 11 simonCircuit.cx(qr[0], qr[len(str(s)) + 0]) simonCircuit.cx(qr[0], qr[len(str(s)) + 1]) simonCircuit.cx(qr[1], qr[len(str(s)) + 0]) simonCircuit.cx(qr[1], qr[len(str(s)) + 1]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Measure ancilla qubits for i in range(len(str(s)), 2*len(str(s))): simonCircuit.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to the input register for i in range(len(str(s))): simonCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Measure input register for i in range(len(str(s))): simonCircuit.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) simonCircuit.draw(output='mpl') # use local simulator backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(simonCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() # Categorize measurements by input register values answer_plot = {} for measresult in answer.keys(): measresult_input = measresult[len(str(s)):] if measresult_input in answer_plot: answer_plot[measresult_input] += answer[measresult] else: answer_plot[measresult_input] = answer[measresult] # Plot the categorized results print( answer_plot ) plot_histogram(answer_plot) # Calculate the dot product of the results def sdotz(a, b): accum = 0 for i in range(len(a)): accum += int(a[i]) * int(b[i]) return (accum % 2) print('s, z, s.z (mod 2)') for z_rev in answer_plot: z = z_rev[::-1] print( '{}, {}, {}.{}={}'.format(s, z, s,z,sdotz(s,z)) ) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to 5 qubits IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(simonCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Categorize measurements by input register values answer_plot = {} for measresult in answer.keys(): measresult_input = measresult[len(str(s)):] if measresult_input in answer_plot: answer_plot[measresult_input] += answer[measresult] else: answer_plot[measresult_input] = answer[measresult] # Plot the categorized results print( answer_plot ) plot_histogram(answer_plot) # Calculate the dot product of the most significant results print('s, z, s.z (mod 2)') for z_rev in answer_plot: if answer_plot[z_rev] >= 0.1*shots: z = z_rev[::-1] print( '{}, {}, {}.{}={}'.format(s, z, s,z,sdotz(s,z)) ) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
secret_unitary = 'hz' # make the imports that are necessary for our work import qiskit as qk from qiskit import ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit import execute, Aer from qiskit import IBMQ from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # simple function that applies a series of unitary gates from a given string def apply_secret_unitary(secret_unitary, qubit, quantum_circuit, dagger): functionmap = { 'x':quantum_circuit.x, 'y':quantum_circuit.y, 'z':quantum_circuit.z, 'h':quantum_circuit.h, 't':quantum_circuit.t, } if dagger: functionmap['t'] = quantum_circuit.tdg if dagger: [functionmap[unitary](qubit) for unitary in secret_unitary] else: [functionmap[unitary](qubit) for unitary in secret_unitary[::-1]] # Create the quantum circuit q = QuantumRegister(3) c = ClassicalRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) ''' Qubit ordering as follows (classical registers will just contain measured values of the corresponding qubits): q[0]: qubit to be teleported (Alice's first qubit. It was given to her after the application of a secret unitary which she doesn't know) q[1]: Alice's second qubit q[2]: Bob's qubit, which will be the destination for the teleportation ''' # Apply the secret unitary that we are using to generate the state to teleport. You can change it to any unitary apply_secret_unitary(secret_unitary, q[0], qc, dagger = 0) qc.barrier() # Next, generate the entangled pair between Alice and Bob (Remember: Hadamard followed by CX generates a Bell pair) qc.h(q[1]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.barrier() # Next, apply the teleportation protocol. qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.h(q[0]) qc.measure(q[0], c[0]) qc.measure(q[1], c[1]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cz(q[0], q[2]) qc.barrier() ''' In principle, if the teleportation protocol worked, we have q[2] = secret_unitary|0> As a result, we should be able to recover q[2] = |0> by applying the reverse of secret_unitary since for a unitary u, u^dagger u = I. ''' apply_secret_unitary(secret_unitary, q[2], qc, dagger=1) qc.measure(q[2], c[2]) qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job_sim = execute(qc, backend, shots=1024) sim_result = job_sim.result() measurement_result = sim_result.get_counts(qc) print(measurement_result) plot_histogram(measurement_result) # First, see what devices we are allowed to use by loading our saved accounts IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() # get the least-busy backend at IBM and run the quantum circuit there from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy backend = least_busy(provider.backends(simulator=False)) job_exp = execute(qc, backend=backend, shots=8192) exp_result = job_exp.result() exp_measurement_result = exp_result.get_counts(qc) print(exp_measurement_result) plot_histogram(exp_measurement_result) error_rate_percent = sum([exp_measurement_result[result] for result in exp_measurement_result.keys() if result[0]=='1']) \ * 100./ sum(list(exp_measurement_result.values())) print("The experimental error rate : ", error_rate_percent, "%")
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
%matplotlib inline # useful additional packages #import math tools import numpy as np # We import the tools to handle general Graphs import networkx as nx # We import plotting tools import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib import cm from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator, FormatStrFormatter # importing Qiskit from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram # Generating the butterfly graph with 5 nodes n = 5 V = np.arange(0,n,1) E =[(0,1,1.0),(0,2,1.0),(1,2,1.0),(3,2,1.0),(3,4,1.0),(4,2,1.0)] G = nx.Graph() G.add_nodes_from(V) G.add_weighted_edges_from(E) # Generate plot of the Graph colors = ['r' for node in G.nodes()] default_axes = plt.axes(frameon=True) pos = nx.spring_layout(G) nx.draw_networkx(G, node_color=colors, node_size=600, alpha=1, ax=default_axes, pos=pos) # Evaluate the function step_size = 0.1; a_gamma = np.arange(0, np.pi, step_size) a_beta = np.arange(0, np.pi, step_size) a_gamma, a_beta = np.meshgrid(a_gamma,a_beta) F1 = 3-(np.sin(2*a_beta)**2*np.sin(2*a_gamma)**2-0.5*np.sin(4*a_beta)*np.sin(4*a_gamma))*(1+np.cos(4*a_gamma)**2) # Grid search for the minimizing variables result = np.where(F1 == np.amax(F1)) a = list(zip(result[0],result[1]))[0] gamma = a[0]*step_size; beta = a[1]*step_size; # Plot the expetation value F1 fig = plt.figure() ax = fig.gca(projection='3d') surf = ax.plot_surface(a_gamma, a_beta, F1, cmap=cm.coolwarm, linewidth=0, antialiased=True) ax.set_zlim(1,4) ax.zaxis.set_major_locator(LinearLocator(3)) ax.zaxis.set_major_formatter(FormatStrFormatter('%.02f')) plt.show() #The smallest paramters and the expectation can be extracted print('\n --- OPTIMAL PARAMETERS --- \n') print('The maximal expectation value is: M1 = %.03f' % np.amax(F1)) print('This is attained for gamma = %.03f and beta = %.03f' % (gamma,beta)) # preapre the quantum and classical resisters QAOA = QuantumCircuit(len(V), len(V)) # apply the layer of Hadamard gates to all qubits QAOA.h(range(len(V))) QAOA.barrier() # apply the Ising type gates with angle gamma along the edges in E for edge in E: k = edge[0] l = edge[1] QAOA.cu1(-2*gamma, k, l) QAOA.u1(gamma, k) QAOA.u1(gamma, l) # then apply the single qubit X - rotations with angle beta to all qubits QAOA.barrier() QAOA.rx(2*beta, range(len(V))) # Finally measure the result in the computational basis QAOA.barrier() QAOA.measure(range(len(V)),range(len(V))) ### draw the circuit for comparison QAOA.draw(output='mpl') # Compute the value of the cost function def cost_function_C(x,G): E = G.edges() if( len(x) != len(G.nodes())): return np.nan C = 0; for index in E: e1 = index[0] e2 = index[1] w = G[e1][e2]['weight'] C = C + w*x[e1]*(1-x[e2]) + w*x[e2]*(1-x[e1]) return C # run on local simulator backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") shots = 10000 simulate = execute(QAOA, backend=backend, shots=shots) QAOA_results = simulate.result() plot_histogram(QAOA_results.get_counts(),figsize = (8,6),bar_labels = False) # Evaluate the data from the simulator counts = QAOA_results.get_counts() avr_C = 0 max_C = [0,0] hist = {} for k in range(len(G.edges())+1): hist[str(k)] = hist.get(str(k),0) for sample in list(counts.keys()): # use sampled bit string x to compute C(x) x = [int(num) for num in list(sample)] tmp_eng = cost_function_C(x,G) # compute the expectation value and energy distribution avr_C = avr_C + counts[sample]*tmp_eng hist[str(round(tmp_eng))] = hist.get(str(round(tmp_eng)),0) + counts[sample] # save best bit string if( max_C[1] < tmp_eng): max_C[0] = sample max_C[1] = tmp_eng M1_sampled = avr_C/shots print('\n --- SIMULATION RESULTS ---\n') print('The sampled mean value is M1_sampled = %.02f while the true value is M1 = %.02f \n' % (M1_sampled,np.amax(F1))) print('The approximate solution is x* = %s with C(x*) = %d \n' % (max_C[0],max_C[1])) print('The cost function is distributed as: \n') plot_histogram(hist,figsize = (8,6),bar_labels = False) # Use the IBMQ essex device provider = IBMQ.load_account() backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_essex') shots = 2048 job_exp = execute(QAOA, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job_exp) exp_results = job_exp.result() plot_histogram(exp_results.get_counts(),figsize = (10,8),bar_labels = False) # Evaluate the data from the experiment counts = exp_results.get_counts() avr_C = 0 max_C = [0,0] hist = {} for k in range(len(G.edges())+1): hist[str(k)] = hist.get(str(k),0) for sample in list(counts.keys()): # use sampled bit string x to compute C(x) x = [int(num) for num in list(sample)] tmp_eng = cost_function_C(x,G) # compute the expectation value and energy distribution avr_C = avr_C + counts[sample]*tmp_eng hist[str(round(tmp_eng))] = hist.get(str(round(tmp_eng)),0) + counts[sample] # save best bit string if( max_C[1] < tmp_eng): max_C[0] = sample max_C[1] = tmp_eng M1_sampled = avr_C/shots print('\n --- EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ---\n') print('The sampled mean value is M1_sampled = %.02f while the true value is M1 = %.02f \n' % (M1_sampled,np.amax(F1))) print('The approximate solution is x* = %s with C(x*) = %d \n' % (max_C[0],max_C[1])) print('The cost function is distributed as: \n') plot_histogram(hist,figsize = (8,6),bar_labels = False) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import numpy as np from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.aqua import QuantumInstance, run_algorithm from qiskit.aqua.algorithms import Grover from qiskit.aqua.components.oracles import LogicalExpressionOracle, TruthTableOracle input_3sat = ''' c example DIMACS-CNF 3-SAT p cnf 3 5 -1 -2 -3 0 1 -2 3 0 1 2 -3 0 1 -2 -3 0 -1 2 3 0 ''' oracle = LogicalExpressionOracle(input_3sat) grover = Grover(oracle) backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(backend, shots=1024) result = grover.run(quantum_instance) print(result['result']) plot_histogram(result['measurement']) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the ibmq_16_melbourne backend from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_16_melbourne') from qiskit.compiler import transpile # transpile the circuit for ibmq_16_melbourne grover_compiled = transpile(result['circuit'], backend=backend, optimization_level=3) print('gates = ', grover_compiled.count_ops()) print('depth = ', grover_compiled.depth()) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import numpy as np np.random.seed(999999) target_distr = np.random.rand(2) # We now convert the random vector into a valid probability vector target_distr /= sum(target_distr) from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister def get_var_form(params): qr = QuantumRegister(1, name="q") cr = ClassicalRegister(1, name='c') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.u3(params[0], params[1], params[2], qr[0]) qc.measure(qr, cr[0]) return qc from qiskit import Aer, execute backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") NUM_SHOTS = 10000 def get_probability_distribution(counts): output_distr = [v / NUM_SHOTS for v in counts.values()] if len(output_distr) == 1: output_distr.append(0) return output_distr def objective_function(params): # Obtain a quantum circuit instance from the paramters qc = get_var_form(params) # Execute the quantum circuit to obtain the probability distribution associated with the current parameters result = execute(qc, backend, shots=NUM_SHOTS).result() # Obtain the counts for each measured state, and convert those counts into a probability vector output_distr = get_probability_distribution(result.get_counts(qc)) # Calculate the cost as the distance between the output distribution and the target distribution cost = sum([np.abs(output_distr[i] - target_distr[i]) for i in range(2)]) return cost from qiskit.aqua.components.optimizers import COBYLA # Initialize the COBYLA optimizer optimizer = COBYLA(maxiter=500, tol=0.0001) # Create the initial parameters (noting that our single qubit variational form has 3 parameters) params = np.random.rand(3) ret = optimizer.optimize(num_vars=3, objective_function=objective_function, initial_point=params) # Obtain the output distribution using the final parameters qc = get_var_form(ret[0]) counts = execute(qc, backend, shots=NUM_SHOTS).result().get_counts(qc) output_distr = get_probability_distribution(counts) print("Target Distribution:", target_distr) print("Obtained Distribution:", output_distr) print("Output Error (Manhattan Distance):", ret[1]) print("Parameters Found:", ret[0]) from qiskit.aqua.components.variational_forms import RYRZ entanglements = ["linear", "full"] for entanglement in entanglements: form = RYRZ(num_qubits=4, depth=1, entanglement=entanglement) if entanglement == "linear": print("=============Linear Entanglement:=============") else: print("=============Full Entanglement:=============") # We initialize all parameters to 0 for this demonstration print(form.construct_circuit([0] * form.num_parameters).draw(line_length=100)) print() from qiskit.aqua.algorithms import VQE, ExactEigensolver import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np from qiskit.chemistry.aqua_extensions.components.variational_forms import UCCSD from qiskit.aqua.components.variational_forms import RYRZ from qiskit.chemistry.aqua_extensions.components.initial_states import HartreeFock from qiskit.aqua.components.optimizers import COBYLA, SPSA, SLSQP from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer, Aer from qiskit.chemistry.drivers import PySCFDriver, UnitsType from qiskit.chemistry import FermionicOperator from qiskit import IBMQ from qiskit.providers.aer import noise from qiskit.aqua import QuantumInstance from qiskit.ignis.mitigation.measurement import CompleteMeasFitter def get_qubit_op(dist): driver = PySCFDriver(atom="Li .0 .0 .0; H .0 .0 " + str(dist), unit=UnitsType.ANGSTROM, charge=0, spin=0, basis='sto3g') molecule = driver.run() freeze_list = [0] remove_list = [-3, -2] repulsion_energy = molecule.nuclear_repulsion_energy num_particles = molecule.num_alpha + molecule.num_beta num_spin_orbitals = molecule.num_orbitals * 2 remove_list = [x % molecule.num_orbitals for x in remove_list] freeze_list = [x % molecule.num_orbitals for x in freeze_list] remove_list = [x - len(freeze_list) for x in remove_list] remove_list += [x + molecule.num_orbitals - len(freeze_list) for x in remove_list] freeze_list += [x + molecule.num_orbitals for x in freeze_list] ferOp = FermionicOperator(h1=molecule.one_body_integrals, h2=molecule.two_body_integrals) ferOp, energy_shift = ferOp.fermion_mode_freezing(freeze_list) num_spin_orbitals -= len(freeze_list) num_particles -= len(freeze_list) ferOp = ferOp.fermion_mode_elimination(remove_list) num_spin_orbitals -= len(remove_list) qubitOp = ferOp.mapping(map_type='parity', threshold=0.00000001) qubitOp = qubitOp.two_qubit_reduced_operator(num_particles) shift = energy_shift + repulsion_energy return qubitOp, num_particles, num_spin_orbitals, shift backend = BasicAer.get_backend("statevector_simulator") distances = np.arange(0.5, 4.0, 0.1) exact_energies = [] vqe_energies = [] optimizer = SLSQP(maxiter=5) for dist in distances: qubitOp, num_particles, num_spin_orbitals, shift = get_qubit_op(dist) result = ExactEigensolver(qubitOp).run() exact_energies.append(result['energy'] + shift) initial_state = HartreeFock( qubitOp.num_qubits, num_spin_orbitals, num_particles, 'parity' ) var_form = UCCSD( qubitOp.num_qubits, depth=1, num_orbitals=num_spin_orbitals, num_particles=num_particles, initial_state=initial_state, qubit_mapping='parity' ) vqe = VQE(qubitOp, var_form, optimizer, 'matrix') results = vqe.run(backend)['energy'] + shift vqe_energies.append(results) print("Interatomic Distance:", np.round(dist, 2), "VQE Result:", results, "Exact Energy:", exact_energies[-1]) print("All energies have been calculated") plt.plot(distances, exact_energies, label="Exact Energy") plt.plot(distances, vqe_energies, label="VQE Energy") plt.xlabel('Atomic distance (Angstrom)') plt.ylabel('Energy') plt.legend() plt.show() driver = PySCFDriver(atom='H .0 .0 -0.3625; H .0 .0 0.3625', unit=UnitsType.ANGSTROM, charge=0, spin=0, basis='sto3g') molecule = driver.run() num_particles = molecule.num_alpha + molecule.num_beta qubitOp = FermionicOperator(h1=molecule.one_body_integrals, h2=molecule.two_body_integrals).mapping(map_type='parity') qubitOp = qubitOp.two_qubit_reduced_operator(num_particles) IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") device = provider.get_backend("ibmqx4") coupling_map = device.configuration().coupling_map noise_model = noise.device.basic_device_noise_model(device.properties()) quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=1000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, measurement_error_mitigation_cls=CompleteMeasFitter, cals_matrix_refresh_period=30,) exact_solution = ExactEigensolver(qubitOp).run() print("Exact Result:", exact_solution['energy']) optimizer = SPSA(max_trials=100) var_form = RYRZ(qubitOp.num_qubits, depth=1, entanglement="linear") vqe = VQE(qubitOp, var_form, optimizer=optimizer, operator_mode="grouped_paulis") ret = vqe.run(quantum_instance) print("VQE Result:", ret['energy'])
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy as np def NOT(input): q = QuantumRegister(1) # a qubit in which to encode and manipulate the input c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # We encode '0' as the qubit state |0⟩, and '1' as |1⟩ # Since the qubit is initially |0⟩, we don't need to do anything for an input of '0' # For an input of '1', we do an x to rotate the |0⟩ to |1⟩ if input=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) # Now we've encoded the input, we can do a NOT on it using x qc.x( q[0] ) # Finally, we extract the |0⟩/|1⟩ output of the qubit and encode it in the bit c[0] qc.measure( q[0], c[0] ) # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1) output = next(iter(job.result().get_counts())) return output def XOR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(2) # two qubits in which to encode and manipulate the input c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[1],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def AND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # two qubits in which to encode the input, and one for the output c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def NAND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # two qubits in which to encode the input, and one for the output c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def OR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # two qubits in which to encode the input, and one for the output c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output print('\nResults for the NOT gate') for input in ['0','1']: print(' Input',input,'gives output',NOT(input)) print('\nResults for the XOR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',XOR(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the AND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',AND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the NAND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',NAND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the OR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',OR(input1,input2))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy as np q = QuantumRegister(1) c = ClassicalRegister(1) error = {} for n in range(1,11): # Create a blank circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(q,c) # Implement an approximate Hadamard theta = np.pi # here we incorrectly choose theta=pi for j in range(n): qc.rx(theta/n,q[0]) qc.rz(theta/n,q[0]) # We need to measure how good the above approximation is. Here's a simple way to do this. # Step 1: Use a real hadamard to cancel the above approximation. # For a good approximatuon, the qubit will return to state 0. For a bad one, it will end up as some superposition. qc.h(q[0]) # Step 2: Run the circuit, and see how many times we get the outcome 1. # Since it should return 0 with certainty, the fraction of 1s is a measure of the error. qc.measure(q,c) shots = 20000 job = execute(qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots) try: error[n] = (job.result().get_counts()['1']/shots) except: pass plot_histogram(error)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.providers.aer import noise import numpy as np coupling_map = [[1, 0], [2, 0], [2, 1], [3, 2], [3, 4], [4, 2]] noise_dict = {'errors': [{'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.9985834701497431], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.9972953318547628], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.9965222730251616], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.9971669402994862], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.9945906637095256], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.9930445460503232], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.9672573379090872], 'gate_qubits': [[1, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.9699888805021712], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.9627184072576159], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.9437457618579164], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.9339816349935997], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.9307167621063416], 'gate_qubits': [[4, 2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9372499999999999, 0.06275000000000008], [0.06275000000000008, 0.9372499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9345, 0.0655], [0.0655, 0.9345]], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.97075, 0.029249999999999998], [0.029249999999999998, 0.97075]], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9742500000000001, 0.02574999999999994], [0.02574999999999994, 0.9742500000000001]], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.8747499999999999, 0.12525000000000008], [0.12525000000000008, 0.8747499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}], 'x90_gates': []} noise_model = noise.noise_model.NoiseModel.from_dict( noise_dict ) qr = QuantumRegister(5, 'qr') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'cr') backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ccx(qr[ q_1 ],qr[ q_2 ],qr[ q_out ]) # the AND just needs a c qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output result = AND('0','0') print( result ) plot_histogram( result ) worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, Aer, execute def NOT(input): q = QuantumRegister(1) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # We encode '0' as the qubit state |0⟩, and '1' as |1⟩ # Since the qubit is initially |0⟩, we don't need to do anything for an input of '0' # For an input of '1', we do an x to rotate the |0⟩ to |1⟩ if input=='1': # qc.x( q[0] ) # Now we've encoded the input, we can do a NOT on it using x qc.x( q[0] ) # Finally, we extract the |0⟩/|1⟩ output of the qubit and encode it in the bit c[0] qc.measure( q[0], c[0] ) # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def XOR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(2) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) qc.cx(q[0],q[1]) # just needs a cnot qc.measure(q[1],c[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def AND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) qc.ccx(q[0],q[1],q[2]) # just needs a ccx controlled on qubits 0 and 1 and targeted on 2 qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def NAND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) # can be done with an AND followed by a NOT qc.ccx(q[0],q[1],q[2]) # the AND just needs a ccx controlled on qubits 0 and 1 and targeted on 2 qc.x(q[2]) # the NOT is done to the qubit containing the output qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def OR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) # can be done with NOTs on the inputs and output of an AND qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.ccx(q[0],q[1],q[2]) # the AND just needs a ccx controlled on qubits 0 and 1 and targeted on 2 qc.x(q[2]) # the NOT is done to the qubit containing the output qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output print('\nResults for the NOT gate') for input in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with input',input,'gives output',NOT(input)) print('\nResults for the XOR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',XOR(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the AND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',AND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the NAND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',NAND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the OR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',OR(input1,input2))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy as np qr = QuantumRegister(1) cr = ClassicalRegister(1) error = {} for n in range(1,11): # Create a blank circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) # Implement an approximate Hadamard theta = np.pi/np.sqrt(2) # here we correctly choose theta=pi/sqrt(2) for j in range(n): qc.rx(theta/n,qr[0]) qc.rz(theta/n,qr[0]) # We need to measure how good the above approximation is. Here's a simple way to do this. # Step 1: Use a real hadamard to cancel the above approximation. # For a good approximatuon, the qubit will return to state 0. For a bad one, it will end up as some superposition. qc.h(qr[0]) # Step 2: Run the circuit, and see how many times we get the outcome 1. # Since it should return 0 with certainty, the fraction of 1s is a measure of the error. qc.measure(qr,cr) shots = 20000 job = execute(qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots) try: error[n] = (job.result().get_counts()['1']/shots) except: pass plot_histogram(error) # The linear nature of error^(-1/2) shows that the error has a quadratic decay. inverse_square_of_error = {} for n in error: inverse_square_of_error[n] = (error[n])**(-1/2) plot_histogram(inverse_square_of_error) qr = QuantumRegister(1) cr = ClassicalRegister(1) error = {} for n in range(1,11): # Create a blank circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) # Implement an approximate Hadamard theta = np.pi/np.sqrt(2) # here we correctly use theta=pi/sqrt(2) for j in range(n): qc.rz(theta/(2*n),qr[0]) qc.rx(theta/n,qr[0]) qc.rz(theta/(2*n),qr[0]) # We need to measure how good the above approximation is. Here's a simple way to do this. # Step 1: Use a real hadamard to cancel the above approximation. # For a good approximatuon, the qubit will return to state 0. For a bad one, it will end up as some superposition. qc.h(qr[0]) # Step 2: Run the circuit, and see how many times we get the outcome 1. # Since it should return 0 with certainty, the fraction of 1s is a measure of the error. qc.measure(qr,cr) shots = 100000 job = execute(qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots) try: error[n] = (job.result().get_counts()['1']/shots) except: pass plot_histogram(error) # The linear nature of error^(-1/3) shows that the error has a cubic decay. # Note: this needs loads of shots to get a good result. inverse_cube_of_error = {} for n in error: error[n] inverse_cube_of_error[n] = (error[n])**(-1/3) plot_histogram(inverse_cube_of_error)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.providers.aer import noise from qiskit.compiler import transpile import numpy as np coupling_map = [[1, 0], [2, 0], [2, 1], [3, 2], [3, 4], [4, 2]] noise_dict = {'errors': [{'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.9985834701497431], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.9972953318547628], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.9965222730251616], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.9971669402994862], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.9945906637095256], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.9930445460503232], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.9672573379090872], 'gate_qubits': [[1, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.9699888805021712], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.9627184072576159], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.9437457618579164], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.9339816349935997], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.9307167621063416], 'gate_qubits': [[4, 2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9372499999999999, 0.06275000000000008], [0.06275000000000008, 0.9372499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9345, 0.0655], [0.0655, 0.9345]], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.97075, 0.029249999999999998], [0.029249999999999998, 0.97075]], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9742500000000001, 0.02574999999999994], [0.02574999999999994, 0.9742500000000001]], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.8747499999999999, 0.12525000000000008], [0.12525000000000008, 0.8747499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}], 'x90_gates': []} noise_model = noise.noise_model.NoiseModel.from_dict( noise_dict ) qr = QuantumRegister(5, 'qr') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'cr') backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ccx(qr[ q_1 ],qr[ q_2 ],qr[ q_out ]) # the AND just needs a c qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output result = AND('0','0') print( result ) plot_histogram( result ) worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst) for j in range(5): qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.measure(qr[j],cr[0]) job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() print('Probability of incorrect output for qubit',j,'is',output['1']/10000) worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=3,q_2=4,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst) def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ch(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.cz(qr[q_2],qr[q_out]) qc.ch(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.ch(qr[1],qr[0]) print('Original circuit') print(qc) print('Compiled circuit') qc_compiled = transpile(qc,backend=backend) print(qc_compiled) def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ry(-np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.cx(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.ry(np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.cz(qr[q_2],qr[q_out]) qc.ry(-np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.cx(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.ry(np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.circuit import Gate
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * # set up circuit (no measurements required) qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.x(0) # qubits numbered from the right, so qubit 0 is the qubit on the right qc.z(1) # and qubit 1 is on the left # set up simulator that returns unitary matrix backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') # run the circuit to get the matrix gate = execute(qc,backend).result().get_unitary() # now we use some fanciness to display it in latex from IPython.display import display, Markdown, Latex gate_latex = '\\begin{pmatrix}' for line in gate: for element in line: gate_latex += str(element) + '&' gate_latex = gate_latex[0:-1] gate_latex += '\\\\' gate_latex = gate_latex[0:-2] gate_latex += '\end{pmatrix}' display(Markdown(gate_latex))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import qiskit from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister from qiskit import Aer, execute import math import random import numpy as np from scipy.optimize import minimize def apply_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters): for iz in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.ry(parameters[0][iz], qubits[iz]) circ.cz(qubits[0], qubits[1]) circ.cz(qubits[2], qubits[0]) for iz in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.ry(parameters[1][iz], qubits[iz]) circ.cz(qubits[1], qubits[2]) circ.cz(qubits[2], qubits[0]) for iz in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.ry(parameters[2][iz], qubits[iz]) circ = QuantumCircuit(3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]]) print(circ) #Creates the Hadamard test def had_test(gate_type, qubits, ancilla_index, parameters): circ.h(ancilla_index) apply_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters) for ie in range (0, len(gate_type[0])): if (gate_type[0][ie] == 1): circ.cz(ancilla_index, qubits[ie]) for ie in range (0, len(gate_type[1])): if (gate_type[1][ie] == 1): circ.cz(ancilla_index, qubits[ie]) circ.h(ancilla_index) circ = QuantumCircuit(4) had_test([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]], [1, 2, 3], 0, [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]]) print(circ) #Creates controlled anstaz for calculating |<b|psi>|^2 with a Hadamard test def control_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters, ancilla, reg): for i in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.cry(parameters[0][i], qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, ancilla), qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, qubits[i])) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[1], 4) circ.cz(qubits[0], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[1], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) circ.cz(qubits[2], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) for i in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.cry(parameters[1][i], qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, ancilla), qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, qubits[i])) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[2], 4) circ.cz(qubits[1], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[2], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) circ.cz(qubits[2], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) for i in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.cry(parameters[2][i], qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, ancilla), qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, qubits[i])) q_reg = QuantumRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(q_reg) control_fixed_ansatz([1, 2, 3], [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]], 0, q_reg) print(circ) def control_b(ancilla, qubits): for ia in qubits: circ.ch(ancilla, ia) circ = QuantumCircuit(4) control_b(0, [1, 2, 3]) print(circ) #Create the controlled Hadamard test, for calculating <psi|psi> def special_had_test(gate_type, qubits, ancilla_index, parameters, reg): circ.h(ancilla_index) control_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters, ancilla_index, reg) for ty in range (0, len(gate_type)): if (gate_type[ty] == 1): circ.cz(ancilla_index, qubits[ty]) control_b(ancilla_index, qubits) circ.h(ancilla_index) q_reg = QuantumRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(q_reg) special_had_test([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]], [1, 2, 3], 0, [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]], q_reg) print(circ) #Implements the entire cost function on the quantum circuit def calculate_cost_function(parameters): global opt overall_sum_1 = 0 parameters = [parameters[0:3], parameters[3:6], parameters[6:9]] for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): global circ qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] had_test([gate_set[i], gate_set[j]], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters) job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=100) o = outputstate m_sum = 0 for l in range (0, len(o)): if (l%2 == 1): n = float(o[l])**2 m_sum+=n overall_sum_1+=multiply*(1-(2*m_sum)) overall_sum_2 = 0 for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] mult = 1 for extra in range(0, 2): qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') if (extra == 0): special_had_test(gate_set[i], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) if (extra == 1): special_had_test(gate_set[j], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=100) o = outputstate m_sum = 0 for l in range (0, len(o)): if (l%2 == 1): n = float(o[l])**2 m_sum+=n mult = mult*(1-(2*m_sum)) overall_sum_2+=multiply*mult print(1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1)) return 1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1) coefficient_set = [0.55, 0.45] gate_set = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]] out = minimize(calculate_cost_function, x0=[float(random.randint(0,3000))/1000 for i in range(0, 9)], method="COBYLA", options={'maxiter':200}) print(out) out_f = [out['x'][0:3], out['x'][3:6], out['x'][6:9]] circ = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], out_f) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() o = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=10) a1 = coefficient_set[1]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,-1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,-1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a2 = coefficient_set[0]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]]) a3 = np.add(a1, a2) b = np.array([float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8))]) print((b.dot(a3.dot(o)/(np.linalg.norm(a3.dot(o)))))**2) coefficient_set = [0.55, 0.225, 0.225] gate_set = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]] out = minimize(calculate_cost_function, x0=[float(random.randint(0,3000))/1000 for i in range(0, 9)], method="COBYLA", options={'maxiter':200}) print(out) out_f = [out['x'][0:3], out['x'][3:6], out['x'][6:9]] circ = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], out_f) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() o = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=10) a1 = coefficient_set[2]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,-1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,-1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a0 = coefficient_set[1]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,-1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,-1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a2 = coefficient_set[0]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]]) a3 = np.add(np.add(a2, a0), a1) b = np.array([float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8))]) print((b.dot(a3.dot(o)/(np.linalg.norm(a3.dot(o)))))**2) #Implements the entire cost function on the quantum circuit (sampling, 100000 shots) def calculate_cost_function(parameters): global opt overall_sum_1 = 0 parameters = [parameters[0:3], parameters[3:6], parameters[6:9]] for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): global circ qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(1) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] had_test([gate_set[i], gate_set[j]], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters) circ.measure(0, 0) job = execute(circ, backend, shots=100000) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_counts(circ) if ('1' in outputstate.keys()): m_sum = float(outputstate["1"])/100000 else: m_sum = 0 overall_sum_1+=multiply*(1-2*m_sum) overall_sum_2 = 0 for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] mult = 1 for extra in range(0, 2): qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(1) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') if (extra == 0): special_had_test(gate_set[i], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) if (extra == 1): special_had_test(gate_set[j], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) circ.measure(0, 0) job = execute(circ, backend, shots=100000) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_counts(circ) if ('1' in outputstate.keys()): m_sum = float(outputstate["1"])/100000 else: m_sum = 0 mult = mult*(1-2*m_sum) overall_sum_2+=multiply*mult print(1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1)) return 1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1) coefficient_set = [0.55, 0.225, 0.225] gate_set = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]] out = minimize(calculate_cost_function, x0=[float(random.randint(0,3000))/1000 for i in range(0, 9)], method="COBYLA", options={'maxiter':200}) print(out) out_f = [out['x'][0:3], out['x'][3:6], out['x'][6:9]] circ = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], out_f) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() o = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=10) a1 = coefficient_set[2]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,-1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,-1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a0 = coefficient_set[1]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,-1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,-1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a2 = coefficient_set[0]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]]) a3 = np.add(np.add(a2, a0), a1) b = np.array([float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8))]) print((b.dot(a3.dot(o)/(np.linalg.norm(a3.dot(o)))))**2)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt import numpy as np from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_vector plt.figure() ax = plt.gca() ax.quiver([3], [5], angles='xy', scale_units='xy', scale=1) ax.set_xlim([-1, 10]) ax.set_ylim([-1, 10]) plt.draw() plt.show() plot_bloch_vector([1, 0, 0]) plot_bloch_vector([0, 0, 0])
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
1 + 1 a = 1 b = 0.5 a + b an_integer = 42 # Just an integer a_float = 0.1 # A non-integer number, up to a fixed precision a_boolean = True # A value that can be True or False a_string = '''just enclose text between two 's, or two "s, or do what we did for this string''' # Text none_of_the_above = None # The absence of any actual value or variable type a_list = [0,1,2,3] a_list = [ 42, 0.5, True, [0,1], None, 'Banana' ] a_list[0] a_tuple = ( 42, 0.5, True, [0,1], None, 'Banana' ) a_tuple[0] a_list[5] = 'apple' print(a_list) a_tuple[5] = 'apple' a_list.append( 3.14 ) print(a_list) a_dict = { 1:'This is the value, for the key 1', 'This is the key for a value 1':1, False:':)', (0,1):256 } a_dict['This is the key for a value 1'] a_dict['new key'] = 'new_value' for j in range(5): print(j) for j in a_list: print(j) for key in a_dict: value = a_dict[key] print('key =',key) print('value =',value) print() if 'strawberry' in a_list: print('We have a strawberry!') elif a_list[5]=='apple': print('We have an apple!') else: print('Not much fruit here!') import numpy numpy.sin( numpy.pi/2 ) import numpy as np np.sin( np.pi/2 ) from numpy import * sin( pi/2 ) def do_some_maths ( Input1, Input2 ): the_answer = Input1 + Input2 return the_answer x = do_some_maths(1,72) print(x) def add_sausages ( input_list ): if 'sausages' not in input_list: input_list.append('sausages') print('List before the function') print(a_list) add_sausages(a_list) # function called without an output print('\nList after the function') print(a_list) import random for j in range(5): print('* Results from sample',j+1) print('\n Random number from 0 to 1:', random.random() ) print("\n Random choice from our list:", random.choice( a_list ) ) print('\n')
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * qc = QuantumCircuit() qr = QuantumRegister(2,'qreg') qc.add_register( qr ) qc.qregs qc.draw(output='mpl') qc.h() qc.h( qr[0] ) qc.cx( qr[0], qr[1] ); qc.draw(output='mpl') vector_sim = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') Aer.backends() job = execute( qc, vector_sim ) ket = job.result().get_statevector() for amplitude in ket: print(amplitude) new_qc = QuantumCircuit( qr ) new_qc.initialize( ket, qr ) new_qc.draw(output='mpl') cr = ClassicalRegister(2,'creg') qc.add_register(cr) qc.measure(qr[0],cr[0]) qc.measure(qr[1],cr[1]) qc.draw(output='mpl') emulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute( qc, emulator, shots=8192 ) hist = job.result().get_counts() print(hist) from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram plot_histogram( hist ) job = execute( qc, emulator, shots=10, memory=True ) samples = job.result().get_memory() print(samples) qubit = QuantumRegister(8) bit = ClassicalRegister(8) circuit = QuantumCircuit(qubit,bit) circuit.x(qubit[7]) circuit.measure(qubit,bit) # this is a way to do all the qc.measure(qr8[j],cr8[j]) at once execute( circuit, emulator, shots=8192 ).result().get_counts() qc = QuantumCircuit(3) qc.h(1) qc.draw(output='mpl') qc = QuantumCircuit(2,1) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(1,0) qc.draw(output='mpl') sub_circuit = QuantumCircuit(3, name='toggle_cx') sub_circuit.cx(0,1) sub_circuit.cx(1,2) sub_circuit.cx(0,1) sub_circuit.cx(1,2) sub_circuit.draw(output='mpl') toggle_cx = sub_circuit.to_instruction() qr = QuantumRegister(4) new_qc = QuantumCircuit(qr) new_qc.append(toggle_cx, [qr[1],qr[2],qr[3]]) new_qc.draw(output='mpl') IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() for backend in provider.backends(): print( backend.status() ) real_device = provider.get_backend('ibmq_16_melbourne') properties = real_device.properties() coupling_map = real_device.configuration().coupling_map from qiskit.providers.aer import noise noise_model = noise.device.basic_device_noise_model(properties) qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0,0) qc.measure(1,1) job = execute(qc, emulator, shots=1024, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) job.result().get_counts()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
%matplotlib inline import qiskit.pulse as pulse import qiskit.pulse.pulse_lib as pulse_lib from qiskit.compiler import assemble import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__ from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='your-hub-name') # change to your hub name backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_poughkeepsie') backend_config = backend.configuration() from qiskit.tools.jupyter import backend_overview, backend_monitor %qiskit_backend_monitor backend backend_defaults = backend.defaults() backend_devicespec = pulse.DeviceSpecification.create_from(backend) dt = backend_config.dt # choose device to work on from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() qubit = 1 center_frequency_GHz = backend_defaults.qubit_freq_est[qubit] # define frequencies to do VNA sweep import numpy as np frequency_span_kHz = 20000 frequency_step_kHz = 1000 frequency_min = center_frequency_GHz - frequency_span_kHz/2.e6 frequency_max = center_frequency_GHz + frequency_span_kHz/2.e6 frequencies_GHz = np.arange(frequency_min, frequency_max, frequency_step_kHz/1e6) print(frequencies_GHz) # drive pulse parameters drive_power = 0.01 drive_samples = 128 drive_sigma = 16 # creating drive pulse drive_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='mydrivepulse') drive_pulse_qubit = drive_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) # measurement pulse parameters meas_amp = 0.05 meas_samples = 1200 meas_sigma = 4 meas_risefall = 25 # creating measurement pulse meas_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian_square(duration=meas_samples, amp=meas_amp, sigma=meas_sigma, risefall=meas_risefall, name='mymeasurepulse') meas_pulse_qubit = meas_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure) # create acquire pulse acq_cmd=pulse.Acquire(duration=meas_samples) acq_cmd_qubit = acq_cmd(backend_devicespec.q, backend_devicespec.mem) # combined measure and acquire pulse measure_and_acquire_qubit = meas_pulse_qubit | acq_cmd_qubit # scalefactor for received data scale_factor = 1e-10 # schedules schedules = [] schedule_LOs = [] num_shots_per_frequency = 256 for jj, drive_frequency in enumerate(frequencies_GHz): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="Frequency = {}".format(drive_frequency)) this_schedule += drive_pulse_qubit this_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << this_schedule.duration schedules.append(this_schedule) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: drive_frequency}) schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) VNASweep_experiment_qobj = assemble(schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='single', shots=num_shots_per_frequency, schedule_los = schedule_LOs ) schedules[-1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) job = backend.run(VNASweep_experiment_qobj) from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async='True') job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e228e15ce0100196d8c22') VNASweep_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = frequencies_GHz plot_Y = [] for kk, drive_frequency in enumerate(frequencies_GHz): thisfrequency_results = VNASweep_results.get_memory(kk)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( np.mean(thisfrequency_results[:, qubit]) ) import matplotlib.pyplot as plotter plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) rough_frequency_qubit = frequencies_GHz [ np.where( plot_Y == np.max(plot_Y))[0] ].tolist()[0] rough_frequency_qubit = round(rough_frequency_qubit, 5) print(rough_frequency_qubit) # Rabi experiment parameters num_Rabi_points = 64 num_shots_per_point = 256 # drive parameters drive_power_min = 0 drive_power_max = 0.1 drive_powers = np.linspace(drive_power_min, drive_power_max, num_Rabi_points) drive_samples = 128 drive_sigma = 16 # create schedules for Rabi experiment Rabi_schedules = [] Rabi_schedule_LOs = [] for ii, drive_power in enumerate(drive_powers): rabi_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='rabi_pulse_{}'.format(ii)) rabi_pulse_qubit = rabi_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="Rabi drive = {}".format(drive_power)) this_schedule += rabi_pulse_qubit this_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << this_schedule.duration Rabi_schedules.append(this_schedule) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) Rabi_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) Rabi_schedules[-1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) rabi_experiment_qobj = assemble (Rabi_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = Rabi_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(rabi_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e2a0099a509001888ab02') Rabi_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = drive_powers plot_Y = [] for jj, drive_power in enumerate(drive_powers): thispower_results = Rabi_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thispower_results[qubit] ) import matplotlib.pyplot as plotter plot_Y = plot_Y - np.mean(plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) from scipy.optimize import curve_fit fit_func = lambda x,A,B,T,phi: (A*np.cos(2*np.pi*x/T+phi)+B) #Fit the data fitparams, conv = curve_fit(fit_func, plot_X, plot_Y, [3.0 ,0.0 ,0.04 ,0]) #get the pi amplitude first_peak = abs(np.pi-fitparams[3])*fitparams[2]/(2*np.pi) pi_amp = abs(fitparams[2]/2) plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func(plot_X, *fitparams), color='red') plotter.axvline(first_peak, color='black', linestyle='dashed') plotter.axvline(first_peak + pi_amp, color='black', linestyle='dashed') plotter.xlabel('Pulse amplitude, a.u.', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) plotter.title('Rough Pi Amplitude Calibration', fontsize=20) print('Pi Amplitude %f'%(pi_amp)) # Rabi experiment parameters num_shots_gndexc = 512 # drive parameters drive_power = pi_amp print(drive_power) # create schedules for Rabi experiment gndexc_schedules = [] gndexc_schedule_LOs = [] pi_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=pi_amp, sigma=drive_sigma, name='pi_pulse'.format(ii)) pi_pulse_qubit = pi_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) # ground state schedule gnd_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="ground state") gnd_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << gnd_schedule.duration thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) # excited state schedule exc_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="excited state") exc_schedule += pi_pulse_qubit exc_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << exc_schedule.duration thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) gndexc_schedules.append(gnd_schedule) gndexc_schedules.append(exc_schedule) gndexc_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) gndexc_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) gndexc_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) gndexc_schedules[1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) gndexc_experiment_qobj = assemble (gndexc_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='single', shots=num_shots_gndexc, schedule_los = gndexc_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(gndexc_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e2c3a61157a0018e22440') gndexc_results = job.result(timeout=3600) gnd_results = gndexc_results.get_memory(0)[:, qubit]*scale_factor exc_results = gndexc_results.get_memory(1)[:, qubit]*scale_factor plotter.scatter(np.real(gnd_results), np.imag(gnd_results), s=5, cmap='viridis',c='blue',alpha=0.5, label='state_0') plotter.scatter(np.real(exc_results), np.imag(exc_results), s=5, cmap='viridis',c='red',alpha=0.5, label='state_1') mean_gnd = np.mean(gnd_results) # takes mean of both real and imaginary parts mean_exc = np.mean(exc_results) plotter.scatter(np.real(mean_gnd), np.imag(mean_gnd), s=200, cmap='viridis',c='blue',alpha=1.0, label='state_0_mean') plotter.scatter(np.real(mean_exc), np.imag(mean_exc), s=200, cmap='viridis',c='red',alpha=1.0, label='state_1_mean') plotter.xlabel('I (a.u.)') plotter.xlabel('Q (a.u.)') def get_01(IQ_data): dist_0 = np.linalg.norm(np.array([ np.real(IQ_data) - np.real(mean_gnd), np.imag(IQ_data) - np.imag(mean_gnd) ])) dist_1 = np.linalg.norm(np.array([ np.real(IQ_data) - np.real(mean_exc), np.imag(IQ_data) - np.imag(mean_exc) ])) if dist_1 <= dist_0: return 1 else: return 0 print(get_01(mean_gnd), get_01(mean_exc)) # T1 experiment parameters time_max_us = 500 time_step_us = 2 times_us = np.arange(1, time_max_us, time_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 512 # drive parameters drive_power = pi_amp print(drive_power) # create schedules for Ramsey experiment T1_schedules = [] T1_schedule_LOs = [] T1_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T1_pulse') T1_pulse_qubit = T1_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="T1 delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule += T1_pulse_qubit this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << int(delay_time_us*1000/dt)) T1_schedules.append(this_schedule) T1_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) T1_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) T1_experiment_qobj = assemble (T1_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = T1_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(T1_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e79ad99a509001888ab09') T1_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = times_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): thisdelay_results = T1_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thisdelay_results[qubit] ) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) from scipy.optimize import curve_fit fit_func2 = lambda x,A,B: (A*np.exp(-x/59.8)+B) #Fit the data fitparams2, conv2 = curve_fit(fit_func2, plot_X, plot_Y, [-1.0,-11]) print(f"T1 from backend = {backend.properties().qubits[qubit][0].value} us") plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func2(plot_X, *fitparams2), color='black') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Delay before measurement, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Measured signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) # Ramsey experiment parameters time_max_us = 100 time_step_us = 0.25 times_us = np.arange(1, time_max_us, time_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 256 # drive parameters drive_power = pi_amp/2 print(drive_power) # create schedules for Ramsey experiment Ramsey_schedules = [] Ramsey_schedule_LOs = [] ramsey_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='ramsey_pulse') ramsey_pulse_qubit = ramsey_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="Ramsey delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule += ramsey_pulse_qubit this_schedule |= (ramsey_pulse_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration+delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << this_schedule.duration) Ramsey_schedules.append(this_schedule) Ramsey_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) Ramsey_schedules[-1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) ramsey_experiment_qobj = assemble (Ramsey_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = Ramsey_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(ramsey_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e75dc137af400181be14a') Ramsey_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = times_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): thisdelay_results = Ramsey_results.get_memory(jj)[qubit]*scale_factor plot_Y.append(np.mean(thisdelay_results)) plotter.plot(plot_X, (plot_Y)) from scipy.optimize import curve_fit fit_func = lambda x,A,T,phi,T2p,B: (A*np.exp(-x/T2p)*(np.sin(2*np.pi*x/T+phi))+B) #Fit the data fitparams, conv = curve_fit(fit_func, plot_X, plot_Y, [1.0,10,0,4,34]) #off-resonance component delT = fitparams[1] delf_MHz = 1./(delT) print(f"df = {delf_MHz} MHz") first_peak = (np.pi-fitparams[2])*delT/(2*np.pi) + delT/4 second_peak = first_peak + delT print(f"T2p = {fitparams[3]} us") print(f"T2 from backend = {backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value} us") #get the pi amplitude plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func(plot_X, *fitparams), color='red') plotter.axvline(first_peak, color='black', linestyle='dashed') plotter.axvline(second_peak, color='red', linestyle='dashed') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Ramsey delay, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Ramsey signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) plotter.title('Rough $\Delta$f Calibration', fontsize=20) precise_frequency_qubit_plus = round(rough_frequency_qubit + delf_MHz/1e3, 5) precise_frequency_qubit_minus = round(rough_frequency_qubit - delf_MHz/1e3, 5) print(f"{rough_frequency_qubit}->{precise_frequency_qubit_plus} or {precise_frequency_qubit_minus}") # T2 experiment parameters time_max_us = 125 time_step_us = 0.5 times_us = np.arange(1, time_max_us, time_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 512 # drive parameters drive_power_1 = pi_amp/2 drive_power_2 = pi_amp print(drive_power_1) print(drive_power_2) # create schedules for Ramsey experiment T2_schedules = [] T2_schedule_LOs = [] T2_pulse_pio2 = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_1, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2_pio2_pulse') T2_pulse_pio2_qubit = T2_pulse_pio2(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) T2_pulse_pi = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_2, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2_pi_pulse') T2_pulse_pi_qubit = T2_pulse_pi(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: precise_frequency_qubit_minus}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="T2 delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule |= T2_pulse_pio2_qubit this_schedule |= (T2_pulse_pi_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (T2_pulse_pio2_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration)) T2_schedules.append(this_schedule) T2_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) T2_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) T2_experiment_qobj = assemble (T2_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = T2_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(T2_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) T2job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2f6c0ae741150012334c44') T2_results = T2job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = 2.*times_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): thisdelay_results = T2_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thisdelay_results[qubit] ) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) T2y_echo = plot_Y T2x_echo = plot_X from scipy.optimize import curve_fit T2guess = backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value fit_func2 = lambda x,A,B: (A*np.exp(-x/T2guess)+B) #Fit the data fitparams2, conv2 = curve_fit(fit_func2, plot_X, plot_Y, [-2.0,1.0]) print(f"T2 from backend = {backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value} us") plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func2(plot_X, *fitparams2), color='black') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Total time, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Measured signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) # measurement pulse parameters meas_amp = 0.1 meas_samples = 1200 meas_sigma = 4 meas_risefall = 25 # creating measurement pulse meas_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian_square(duration=meas_samples, amp=meas_amp, sigma=meas_sigma, risefall=meas_risefall, name='mymeasurepulse') meas_pulse_qubit = meas_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure) # create acquire pulse acq_cmd=pulse.Acquire(duration=meas_samples) acq_cmd_qubit = acq_cmd(backend_devicespec.q, backend_devicespec.mem) # combined measure and acquire pulse measure_and_acquire_qubit = meas_pulse_qubit | acq_cmd_qubit # scalefactor for received data scale_factor = 1e-10 # T2 experiment parameters tau_us_min = 1 tau_us_max = 30 tau_step_us = 0.1 taus_us = np.arange(tau_us_min, tau_us_max, tau_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 512 ncpmg = 10 # drive parameters drive_power_1 = pi_amp/2 drive_power_2 = pi_amp print(f"Total time ranges from {2.*ncpmg*taus_us[0]} to {2.*ncpmg*taus_us[-1]} us") # create schedules for Ramsey experiment T2cpmg_schedules = [] T2cpmg_schedule_LOs = [] T2cpmg_pulse_pio2 = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_1, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2cpmg_pio2_pulse') T2cpmg_pulse_pio2_qubit = T2cpmg_pulse_pio2(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) T2cpmg_pulse_pi = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_2, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2cpmg_pi_pulse') T2cpmg_pulse_pi_qubit = T2cpmg_pulse_pi(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: precise_frequency_qubit_minus}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(taus_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="T2cpmg delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule |= T2cpmg_pulse_pio2_qubit this_schedule |= (T2cpmg_pulse_pi_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) for _ in range(ncpmg-1): this_schedule |= (T2cpmg_pulse_pi_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + 2*delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (T2cpmg_pulse_pio2_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration)) T2cpmg_schedules.append(this_schedule) T2cpmg_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) T2cpmg_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) T2cpmg_experiment_qobj = assemble (T2cpmg_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = T2cpmg_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(T2cpmg_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) T2cpmgjob = backend.retrieve_job('5d2f6e1aca4ad70012795340') T2cpmg_results = T2cpmgjob.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = 2.*ncpmg*taus_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(taus_us): thisdelay_results = T2cpmg_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thisdelay_results[qubit] ) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) T2y_cpmg = plot_Y T2x_cpmg = plot_X from scipy.optimize import curve_fit T2guess = backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value fit_func2 = lambda x,A,B: (A*np.exp(-x/T2guess)+B) #Fit the data fitparams2, conv2 = curve_fit(fit_func2, plot_X, plot_Y, [-2.0,1.0]) print(f"T2 from backend = {T2guess} us") plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func2(plot_X, *fitparams2), color='black') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Total time, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Measured signal, a.u.', fontsize=20)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * p = 0.01 P = 3 * p**2 * (1-p) + p**3 print('Probability of a single reply being garbled:',p) print('Probability of a the majority of three replies being garbled:',P) from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors import pauli_error, depolarizing_error def get_noise(p_meas,p_gate): error_meas = pauli_error([('X',p_meas), ('I', 1 - p_meas)]) error_gate1 = depolarizing_error(p_gate, 1) error_gate2 = error_gate1.tensor(error_gate1) noise_model = NoiseModel() noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_meas, "measure") # measurement error is applied to measurements noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_gate1, ["x"]) # single qubit gate error is applied to x gates noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_gate2, ["cx"]) # two qubit gate error is applied to cx gates return noise_model noise_model = get_noise(0.01,0.01) qc0 = QuantumCircuit(3,3,name='0') # initialize circuit with three qubits in the 0 state qc0.measure(qc0.qregs[0],qc0.cregs[0]) # measure the qubits # run the circuit with th noise model and extract the counts counts = execute( qc0, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts() print(counts) qc1 = QuantumCircuit(3,3,name='0') # initialize circuit with three qubits in the 0 state qc1.x(qc1.qregs[0]) # flip each 0 to 1 qc1.measure(qc1.qregs[0],qc1.cregs[0]) # measure the qubits # run the circuit with th noise model and extract the counts counts = execute( qc1, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts() print(counts) noise_model = get_noise(0.5,0.0) counts = execute( qc1, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts() print(counts) from qiskit import * cq = QuantumRegister(2,'code_qubit') lq = QuantumRegister(1,'ancilla_qubit') sb = ClassicalRegister(1,'syndrome_bit') qc = QuantumCircuit(cq,lq,sb) qc.cx(cq[0],lq[0]) qc.cx(cq[1],lq[0]) qc.measure(lq,sb) print(qc) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) qc_init.x(cq) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) qc_init.h(cq[0]) qc_init.cx(cq[0],cq[1]) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) qc_init.h(cq[0]) qc_init.cx(cq[0],cq[1]) qc_init.x(cq[0]) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) from qiskit.ignis.verification.topological_codes import RepetitionCode from qiskit.ignis.verification.topological_codes import lookuptable_decoding n = 3 T = 1 code = RepetitionCode(n,T) code.qubit_registers code.code_qubit for log in ['0','1']: print('\n========= logical',log,'=========\n') print( code.circuit[log] ) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(n,4) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(5,4) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(n,4) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(3,1) noise_model = get_noise(0.2,0.2) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model ) raw_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: raw_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) print('\n========= logical',log,'=========\n') print(raw_results[log]) job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model, shots=10000 ) table_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: table_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) P = lookuptable_decoding(raw_results,table_results) print('P =',P) code = RepetitionCode(3,1) noise_model = get_noise(0.1,0.1) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model ) raw_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: raw_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model, shots=10000 ) table_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: table_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) P = lookuptable_decoding(raw_results,table_results) print('P =',P)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors import pauli_error, depolarizing_error def get_noise(p): error_meas = pauli_error([('X',p), ('I', 1 - p)]) noise_model = NoiseModel() noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_meas, "measure") # measurement error is applied to measurements return noise_model noise_model = get_noise(0.01) for state in ['00','01','10','11']: qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) if state[0]=='1': qc.x(1) if state[1]=='1': qc.x(0) qc.measure(qc.qregs[0],qc.cregs[0]) print(state+' becomes', execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts()) qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(qc.qregs[0],qc.cregs[0]) print(execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts()) import numpy as np M = [[0.9808,0.0107,0.0095,0.0001], [0.0095,0.9788,0.0001,0.0107], [0.0096,0.0002,0.9814,0.0087], [0.0001,0.0103,0.0090,0.9805]] Cideal = [[0], [5000], [5000], [0]] Cnoisy = np.dot( M, Cideal) print('C_noisy =\n',Cnoisy) import scipy.linalg as la M = [[0.9808,0.0107,0.0095,0.0001], [0.0095,0.9788,0.0001,0.0107], [0.0096,0.0002,0.9814,0.0087], [0.0001,0.0103,0.0090,0.9805]] Minv = la.pinv(M) print(Minv) Cmitigated = np.dot( Minv, Cnoisy) print('C_mitigated =\n',Cmitigated) from qiskit.ignis.mitigation.measurement import (complete_meas_cal,CompleteMeasFitter) qr = qiskit.QuantumRegister(2) meas_calibs, state_labels = complete_meas_cal(qr=qr, circlabel='mcal') for circuit in meas_calibs: print('Circuit',circuit.name) print(circuit) print() # Execute the calibration circuits without noise backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = qiskit.execute(meas_calibs, backend=backend, shots=1000) cal_results = job.result() meas_fitter = CompleteMeasFitter(cal_results, state_labels, circlabel='mcal') print(meas_fitter.cal_matrix) noise_model = get_noise(0.1) backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = qiskit.execute(meas_calibs, backend=backend, shots=1000, noise_model=noise_model) cal_results = job.result() meas_fitter = CompleteMeasFitter(cal_results, state_labels, circlabel='mcal') print(meas_fitter.cal_matrix) qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(qc.qregs[0],qc.cregs[0]) results = qiskit.execute(qc, backend=backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model).result() noisy_counts = results.get_counts() print(noisy_counts) # Get the filter object meas_filter = meas_fitter.filter # Results with mitigation mitigated_results = meas_filter.apply(results) mitigated_counts = mitigated_results.get_counts(0) from qiskit.tools.visualization import * plot_histogram([noisy_counts, mitigated_counts], legend=['noisy', 'mitigated'])
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#Import general libraries (needed for functions) import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #Import Qiskit classes classes import qiskit from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import depolarizing_error, thermal_relaxation_error #Import the qv function. import qiskit.ignis.verification.quantum_volume as qv # qubit_lists: list of list of qubit subsets to generate QV circuits qubit_lists = [[0,1,3],[0,1,3,5],[0,1,3,5,7],[0,1,3,5,7,10]] # ntrials: Number of random circuits to create for each subset ntrials = 50 qv_circs, qv_circs_nomeas = qv.qv_circuits(qubit_lists, ntrials) #pass the first trial of the nomeas through the transpiler to illustrate the circuit qv_circs_nomeas[0] = qiskit.compiler.transpile(qv_circs_nomeas[0], basis_gates=['u1','u2','u3','cx']) print(qv_circs_nomeas[0][0]) #The Unitary is an identity (with a global phase) backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') ideal_results = [] for trial in range(ntrials): print('Simulating trial %d'%trial) ideal_results.append(qiskit.execute(qv_circs_nomeas[trial], backend=backend).result()) qv_fitter = qv.QVFitter(qubit_lists=qubit_lists) qv_fitter.add_statevectors(ideal_results) for qubit_list in qubit_lists: l = len(qubit_list) print ('qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0:', qv_fitter._heavy_outputs['qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0']) for qubit_list in qubit_lists: l = len(qubit_list) print ('qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0:', qv_fitter._heavy_output_prob_ideal['qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0']) noise_model = NoiseModel() p1Q = 0.002 p2Q = 0.02 noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(p1Q, 1), 'u2') noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(2*p1Q, 1), 'u3') noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(p2Q, 2), 'cx') #noise_model = None backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') basis_gates = ['u1','u2','u3','cx'] # use U,CX for now shots = 1024 exp_results = [] for trial in range(ntrials): print('Running trial %d'%trial) exp_results.append(qiskit.execute(qv_circs[trial], basis_gates=basis_gates, backend=backend, noise_model=noise_model, backend_options={'max_parallel_experiments': 0}).result()) qv_fitter.add_data(exp_results) for qubit_list in qubit_lists: l = len(qubit_list) #print (qv_fitter._heavy_output_counts) print ('qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0:', qv_fitter._heavy_output_counts['qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0']) plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6)) ax = plt.gca() # Plot the essence by calling plot_rb_data qv_fitter.plot_qv_data(ax=ax, show_plt=False) # Add title and label ax.set_title('Quantum Volume for up to %d Qubits \n and %d Trials'%(len(qubit_lists[-1]), ntrials), fontsize=18) plt.show() qv_success_list = qv_fitter.qv_success() qv_list = qv_fitter.ydata QV = 1 for qidx, qubit_list in enumerate(qubit_lists): if qv_list[0][qidx]>2/3: if qv_success_list[qidx][0]: print("Width/depth %d greater than 2/3 (%f) with confidence %f (successful). Quantum volume %d"% (len(qubit_list),qv_list[0][qidx],qv_success_list[qidx][1],qv_fitter.quantum_volume()[qidx])) QV = qv_fitter.quantum_volume()[qidx] else: print("Width/depth %d greater than 2/3 (%f) with confidence %f (unsuccessful)."% (len(qubit_list),qv_list[0][qidx],qv_success_list[qidx][1])) else: print("Width/depth %d less than 2/3 (unsuccessful)."%len(qubit_list)) print ("The Quantum Volume is:", QV)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#Import general libraries (needed for functions) import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from IPython import display #Import the RB Functions import qiskit.ignis.verification.randomized_benchmarking as rb #Import Qiskit classes import qiskit from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import depolarizing_error, thermal_relaxation_error #Generate RB circuits (2Q RB) #number of qubits nQ=2 rb_opts = {} #Number of Cliffords in the sequence rb_opts['length_vector'] = [1, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200] #Number of seeds (random sequences) rb_opts['nseeds'] = 5 #Default pattern rb_opts['rb_pattern'] = [[0,1]] rb_circs, xdata = rb.randomized_benchmarking_seq(**rb_opts) print(rb_circs[0][0]) # Create a new circuit without the measurement qregs = rb_circs[0][-1].qregs cregs = rb_circs[0][-1].cregs qc = qiskit.QuantumCircuit(*qregs, *cregs) for i in rb_circs[0][-1][0:-nQ]: qc.data.append(i) # The Unitary is an identity (with a global phase) backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') basis_gates = ['u1','u2','u3','cx'] # use U,CX for now job = qiskit.execute(qc, backend=backend, basis_gates=basis_gates) print(np.around(job.result().get_unitary(),3)) # Run on a noisy simulator noise_model = NoiseModel() # Depolarizing_error dp = 0.005 noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(dp, 1), ['u1', 'u2', 'u3']) noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(2*dp, 2), 'cx') backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Create the RB fitter backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') basis_gates = ['u1','u2','u3','cx'] shots = 200 qobj_list = [] rb_fit = rb.RBFitter(None, xdata, rb_opts['rb_pattern']) for rb_seed,rb_circ_seed in enumerate(rb_circs): print('Compiling seed %d'%rb_seed) new_rb_circ_seed = qiskit.compiler.transpile(rb_circ_seed, basis_gates=basis_gates) qobj = qiskit.compiler.assemble(new_rb_circ_seed, shots=shots) print('Simulating seed %d'%rb_seed) job = backend.run(qobj, noise_model=noise_model, backend_options={'max_parallel_experiments': 0}) qobj_list.append(qobj) # Add data to the fitter rb_fit.add_data(job.result()) print('After seed %d, alpha: %f, EPC: %f'%(rb_seed,rb_fit.fit[0]['params'][1], rb_fit.fit[0]['epc'])) plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6)) ax = plt.subplot(1, 1, 1) # Plot the essence by calling plot_rb_data rb_fit.plot_rb_data(0, ax=ax, add_label=True, show_plt=False) # Add title and label ax.set_title('%d Qubit RB'%(nQ), fontsize=18) plt.show() #Count the number of single and 2Q gates in the 2Q Cliffords gates_per_cliff = rb.rb_utils.gates_per_clifford(qobj_list, xdata[0],basis_gates, rb_opts['rb_pattern'][0]) for i in range(len(basis_gates)): print("Number of %s gates per Clifford: %f"%(basis_gates[i], np.mean([gates_per_cliff[0][i],gates_per_cliff[1][i]]))) # Prepare lists of the number of qubits and the errors ngates = np.zeros(7) ngates[0:3] = gates_per_cliff[0][0:3] ngates[3:6] = gates_per_cliff[1][0:3] ngates[6] = gates_per_cliff[0][3] gate_qubits = np.array([0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, -1], dtype=int) gate_errs = np.zeros(len(gate_qubits)) gate_errs[[1, 4]] = dp/2 #convert from depolarizing error to epg (1Q) gate_errs[[2, 5]] = 2*dp/2 #convert from depolarizing error to epg (1Q) gate_errs[6] = dp*3/4 #convert from depolarizing error to epg (2Q) #Calculate the predicted epc pred_epc = rb.rb_utils.twoQ_clifford_error(ngates,gate_qubits,gate_errs) print("Predicted 2Q Error per Clifford: %e"%pred_epc)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import numpy as np from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.jupyter import * %matplotlib inline IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(group='open') provider.backends(simulator=False) backend = provider.get_backend('ibmqx4') backend.configuration().basis_gates qr = QuantumRegister(2, 'q') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'c') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.x(qr[1]) qc.cu1(np.pi/4, qr[0], qr[1]) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) qc.draw(output='mpl') qr = QuantumRegister(2, 'q') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'c') qc_basis = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # Hadamard in U2 format qc_basis.u2(0, np.pi, qr[0]) # X gate in U3 format qc_basis.u3(np.pi, 0, np.pi, qr[1]) # Decomposition for controlled-U1 with lambda=pi/4 qc_basis.u1(np.pi/8, qr[0]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/8, qr[1]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/8, qr[1]) # Hadamard in U2 format qc_basis.u2(0, np.pi, qr[0]) qc_basis.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) qc_basis.draw(output='mpl') print(qc.depth(), ',', qc_basis.depth()) qr = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr) qc.ccx(qr[0], qr[1], qr[2]) qc.draw(output='mpl') qr = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') qc_basis = QuantumCircuit(qr) qc_basis.u2(0,np.pi, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[0]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/4, qr[1]) qc_basis.u2(0,np.pi, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.draw(output='mpl') qr = QuantumRegister(5, 'q') cr = ClassicalRegister(5, 'c') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[4]) qc.cx(qr[4], qr[3]) qc.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) qc.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmqx4') from qiskit.visualization.gate_map import plot_gate_map plot_gate_map(backend, plot_directed=True)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram n = 8 n_q = 8 n_b = 8 qc_output = QuantumCircuit(n_q,n_b) for j in range(n): qc_output.measure(j,j) qc_output.draw(output='mpl') counts = execute(qc_output,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_encode = QuantumCircuit(n) qc_encode.x(7) qc_encode.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_encode + qc_output qc.draw(output='mpl',justify='none') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_encode = QuantumCircuit(n) qc_encode.x(1) qc_encode.x(5) qc_encode.draw(output='mpl') qc_cnot = QuantumCircuit(2) qc_cnot.cx(0,1) qc_cnot.draw(output='mpl') qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.x(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(0,0) qc.measure(1,1) qc.draw(output='mpl') qc_ha = QuantumCircuit(4,2) # encode inputs in qubits 0 and 1 qc_ha.x(0) # For a=0, remove this line. For a=1, leave it. qc_ha.x(1) # For b=0, remove this line. For b=1, leave it. qc_ha.barrier() # use cnots to write the XOR of the inputs on qubit 2 qc_ha.cx(0,2) qc_ha.cx(1,2) qc_ha.barrier() # extract outputs qc_ha.measure(2,0) # extract XOR value qc_ha.measure(3,0) qc_ha.draw(output='mpl') qc_ha = QuantumCircuit(4,2) # encode inputs in qubits 0 and 1 qc_ha.x(0) # For a=0, remove the this line. For a=1, leave it. qc_ha.x(1) # For b=0, remove the this line. For b=1, leave it. qc_ha.barrier() # use cnots to write the XOR of the inputs on qubit 2 qc_ha.cx(0,2) qc_ha.cx(1,2) # use ccx to write the AND of the inputs on qubit 3 qc_ha.ccx(0,1,3) qc_ha.barrier() # extract outputs qc_ha.measure(2,0) # extract XOR value qc_ha.measure(3,1) # extract AND value qc_ha.draw(output='mpl') counts = execute(qc_ha,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_vector qc = QuantumCircuit(1) # z measurement of qubit 0 measure_z = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_z.measure(0,0); # x measurement of qubit 0 measure_x = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_x.h(0) measure_x.measure(0,0) # y measurement of qubit 0 measure_y = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_y.sdg(0) measure_y.h(0) measure_y.measure(0,0); shots = 2**14 # number of samples used for statistics bloch_vector = [] for measure_circuit in [measure_x, measure_y, measure_z]: # run the circuit with a the selected measurement and get the number of samples that output each bit value counts = execute(qc+measure_circuit,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots).result().get_counts() # calculate the probabilities for each bit value probs = {} for output in ['0','1']: if output in counts: probs[output] = counts[output]/shots else: probs[output] = 0 bloch_vector.append( probs['0'] - probs['1'] ) plot_bloch_vector( bloch_vector )
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * # set up circuit (no measurements required) qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.h(1) qc.rz(3.14/4,1) # set up simulator that returns statevectors backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') # run the circuit to get the state vector state = execute(qc,backend).result().get_statevector() # now we use some fanciness to display it in latex from IPython.display import display, Markdown, Latex def state2latex(state): state_latex = '\\begin{pmatrix}' for amplitude in state: state_latex += str(amplitude) + '\\\\' state_latex = state_latex[0:-4] state_latex += '\end{pmatrix}' display(Markdown(state_latex)) state2latex(state)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram measure_z = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_z.measure(0,0) measure_z.draw(output='mpl') measure_x = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_x.h(0) measure_x.measure(0,0) measure_x.draw(output='mpl') qc_0 = QuantumCircuit(1) qc_0.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_0 + measure_z print('Results for z measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc = qc_0 + measure_x print('Results for x measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_plus = QuantumCircuit(1) qc_plus.h(0) qc_plus.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_plus + measure_z qc.draw() print('Results for z measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc = qc_plus + measure_x print('Results for x measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_y = QuantumCircuit(1) qc_y.ry( -3.14159/4,0) qc_y.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_y + measure_z print('Results for z measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc = qc_y + measure_x print('\nResults for x measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_hardy = QuantumCircuit(2) qc_hardy.ry(1.911,1) qc_hardy.cx(1,0) qc_hardy.ry(0.785,0) qc_hardy.cx(1,0) qc_hardy.ry(2.356,0) qc_hardy.draw(output='mpl') measurements = QuantumCircuit(2,2) # z measurement on both qubits measurements.measure(0,0) measurements.measure(1,1) qc = qc_hardy + measurements print('\nResults for two z measurements:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) measurements = QuantumCircuit(2,2) # x measurement on qubit 0 measurements.h(0) measurements.measure(0,0) # z measurement on qubit 1 measurements.measure(1,1) qc = qc_hardy + measurements print('\nResults for two x measurement on qubit 0 and z measurement on qubit 1:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) measurements = QuantumCircuit(2,2) measurements.h(0) measurements.measure(0,0) measurements.h(1) measurements.measure(1,1) qc = qc_hardy + measurements print('\nResults for two x measurement on both qubits:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * # z measurement of qubit 0 measure_z = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_z.measure(0,0); # x measurement of qubit 0 measure_x = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_x.h(0) measure_x.measure(0,0); qc = QuantumCircuit(1) qc.h(0) # the hadamard qc.x(0) # x gate qc.y(0) # y gate qc.z(0) # z gate # for the following, replace theta by any number theta = 3.14159/4 qc.ry(theta,0); # y axis rotation shots = 2**14 # number of samples used for statistics uncertainty = 0 for measure_circuit in [measure_z, measure_x]: # run the circuit with a the selected measurement and get the number of samples that output each bit value counts = execute(qc+measure_circuit,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots).result().get_counts() # calculate the probabilities for each bit value probs = {} for output in ['0','1']: if output in counts: probs[output] = counts[output]/shots else: probs[output] = 0 uncertainty += ( probs['0'] - probs['1'] )**2 # print the total uncertainty print('The total uncertainty is',uncertainty ) # for the following, replace theta by any number theta = 3.14159/2 qc.rx(theta,0); # x axis rotation # y measurement of qubit 0 measure_y = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_y.sdg(0) measure_y.h(0) measure_y.measure(0,0); shots = 2**14 # number of samples used for statistics uncertainty = 0 for measure_circuit in [measure_z, measure_x, measure_y]: # run the circuit with a the selected measurement and get the number of samples that output each bit value counts = execute(qc+measure_circuit,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots).result().get_counts() # calculate the probabilities for each bit value probs = {} for output in ['0','1']: if output in counts: probs[output] = counts[output]/shots else: probs[output] = 0 uncertainty += ( probs['0'] - probs['1'] )**2 # print the total uncertainty print('The total uncertainty is',uncertainty )
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
# initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram nQubits = 2 # number of physical qubits used to represent s s = 3 # the hidden integer # make sure that a can be represented with nqubits s = s % 2**(nQubits) # Creating registers # qubits for querying the oracle and finding the hidden integer qr = QuantumRegister(nQubits) # bits for recording the measurement on qr cr = ClassicalRegister(nQubits) bvCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) barriers = True # Apply Hadamard gates before querying the oracle for i in range(nQubits): bvCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: bvCircuit.barrier() # Apply the inner-product oracle for i in range(nQubits): if (s & (1 << i)): bvCircuit.z(qr[i]) else: bvCircuit.iden(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: bvCircuit.barrier() #Apply Hadamard gates after querying the oracle for i in range(nQubits): bvCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: bvCircuit.barrier() # Measurement bvCircuit.measure(qr, cr) bvCircuit.draw(output='mpl') # use local simulator backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(bvCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to 5 qubits IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(bvCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results from the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
# initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # set the length of the $n$-bit string. n = 2 # set the oracle, b for balanced, c for constant oracle = "b" # if the oracle is balanced, set the hidden bitstring, b if oracle == "b": b = 3 # np.random.randint(1,2**n) uncomment for a random value # if the oracle is constant, set c = 0 or 1 randomly. if oracle == "c": c = np.random.randint(2) # Creating registers # n qubits for querying the oracle and one qubit for storing the answer qr = QuantumRegister(n+1) cr = ClassicalRegister(n) djCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) barriers = True # Since all qubits are initialized to |0>, we need to flip the second register qubit to the the |1> state djCircuit.x(qr[n]) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to all qubits djCircuit.h(qr) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Query the oracle if oracle == "c": # if the oracle is constant, return c if c == 1: djCircuit.x(qr[n]) else: djCircuit.iden(qr[n]) else: # otherwise, the oracle is balanced and it returns the inner product of the input with b (non-zero bitstring) for i in range(n): if (b & (1 << i)): djCircuit.cx(qr[i], qr[n]) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to the first register after querying the oracle for i in range(n): djCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Measure the first register for i in range(n): djCircuit.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) djCircuit.draw(output='mpl') # use local simulator backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(djCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to 5 qubits IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(djCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results of the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer, Aer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram qr = QuantumRegister(2) cr = ClassicalRegister(2) groverCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) groverCircuit.h(qr) groverCircuit.x(qr) groverCircuit.cz(qr[0],qr[1]) groverCircuit.x(qr) groverCircuit.h(qr) groverCircuit.z(qr) groverCircuit.cz(qr[0],qr[1]) groverCircuit.h(qr) groverCircuit.draw(output="mpl") backend_sim = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job_sim = execute(groverCircuit, backend_sim) statevec = job_sim.result().get_statevector() print(statevec) groverCircuit.measure(qr,cr) backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(groverCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) # Load IBM Q account and get the least busy backend device provider = IBMQ.load_account() device = least_busy(provider.backends(simulator=False)) print("Running on current least busy device: ", device) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor job = execute(groverCircuit, backend=device, shots=1024, max_credits=10) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results from the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts(groverCircuit) plot_histogram(answer) def phase_oracle(circuit, register): circuit.cz(qr[2],qr[0]) circuit.cz(qr[2],qr[1]) def n_controlled_Z(circuit, controls, target): """Implement a Z gate with multiple controls""" if (len(controls) > 2): raise ValueError('The controlled Z with more than 2 controls is not implemented') elif (len(controls) == 1): circuit.h(target) circuit.cx(controls[0], target) circuit.h(target) elif (len(controls) == 2): circuit.h(target) circuit.ccx(controls[0], controls[1], target) circuit.h(target) def inversion_about_average(circuit, register, n, barriers): """Apply inversion about the average step of Grover's algorithm.""" circuit.h(register) circuit.x(register) if barriers: circuit.barrier() n_controlled_Z(circuit, [register[j] for j in range(n-1)], register[n-1]) if barriers: circuit.barrier() circuit.x(register) circuit.h(register) barriers = True qr = QuantumRegister(3) cr = ClassicalRegister(3) groverCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) groverCircuit.h(qr) if barriers: groverCircuit.barrier() phase_oracle(groverCircuit, qr) if barriers: groverCircuit.barrier() inversion_about_average(groverCircuit, qr, 3, barriers) if barriers: groverCircuit.barrier() groverCircuit.measure(qr,cr) groverCircuit.draw(output="mpl") backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(groverCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(groverCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results from the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts(groverCircuit) plot_histogram(answer) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import math # importing Qiskit from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram IBMQ.load_account() def input_state(circ, q, n): """n-qubit input state for QFT that produces output 1.""" for j in range(n): circ.h(q[j]) circ.u1(-math.pi/float(2**(j)), q[j]) def qft(circ, q, n): """n-qubit QFT on q in circ.""" for j in range(n): circ.h(q[j]) for k in range(j+1,n): circ.cu1(math.pi/float(2**(k-j)), q[k], q[j]) circ.barrier() q = QuantumRegister(3, 'x') c = ClassicalRegister(3, 'c') qft3 = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # first, prepare the state that should return 001 and draw that circuit input_state(qft3, q, 3) qft3.draw(output='mpl') # next, do a qft on the prepared state and draw the entire circuit qft(qft3, q, 3) for i in range(3): qft3.measure(q[i], c[i]) qft3.draw(output='mpl') # run on local simulator backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") simulate = execute(qft3, backend=backend, shots=1024).result() simulate.get_counts() # Use the IBMQ Vigo device with 5 qubits IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_vigo') shots = 2048 job_exp = execute(qft3, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job_exp) results = job_exp.result() plot_histogram(results.get_counts()) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np import math # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram q = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') c = ClassicalRegister(2, 'c') qpe = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qpe.x(q[2]) qpe.h(q[0]) qpe.h(q[1]) # controlled unitary from q[0] is the identity matrix # controlled unitary from q[1] is a controlled-Z gate qpe.cz(q[1], q[2]); def qft(circ, q, n): """n-qubit QFT on q in circ.""" for j in range(n): circ.h(q[j]) for k in range(j+1,n): circ.cu1(math.pi/float(2**(k-j)), q[k], q[j]) def qft_dagger(circ, q, n): """n-qubit QFTdagger on q in circ.""" for j in range(n): k = (n-1) - j for m in range(k): circ.cu1(-math.pi/float(2**(k-m)), q[k], q[m]) circ.h(q[k]) qft_dagger(qpe, q, 2) qpe.measure(q[0],c[0]) qpe.measure(q[1],c[1]) qpe.draw(output="mpl") nancilla = 4 q2 = QuantumRegister(nancilla+2, 'q') c2 = ClassicalRegister(nancilla, 'c') qpe2 = QuantumCircuit(q2, c2) qpe2.x(q2[nancilla]) qpe2.x(q2[nancilla+1]) for i in range(nancilla): qpe2.h(q2[i]) # controlled unitary from q[0] is the identity matrix # controlled unitary from q[1] is the identity matrix # controlled unitary from q[2] is a controlled-Z gate qpe2.h(q2[nancilla+1]) qpe2.ccx(q2[nancilla-1], q2[nancilla], q2[nancilla+1]) qpe2.h(q2[nancilla+1]) qft_dagger(qpe2, q2, nancilla) for i in range(nancilla): qpe2.measure(q2[i],c2[i]) qpe2.draw(output="mpl") backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 2048 results = execute(qpe, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) results2 = execute(qpe2, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer2 = results2.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer2) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_vigo') from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 2048 job_exp = execute(qpe, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job_exp, interval = 2) # get the results from the computation results = job_exp.result() answer = results.get_counts(qpe) plot_histogram(answer)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram s = '11' # Creating registers # qubits for querying the oracle and finding the hidden period s qr = QuantumRegister(2*len(str(s))) # classical registers for recording the measurement from qr cr = ClassicalRegister(2*len(str(s))) simonCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) barriers = True # Apply Hadamard gates before querying the oracle for i in range(len(str(s))): simonCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Apply the query function ## 2-qubit oracle for s = 11 simonCircuit.cx(qr[0], qr[len(str(s)) + 0]) simonCircuit.cx(qr[0], qr[len(str(s)) + 1]) simonCircuit.cx(qr[1], qr[len(str(s)) + 0]) simonCircuit.cx(qr[1], qr[len(str(s)) + 1]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Measure ancilla qubits for i in range(len(str(s)), 2*len(str(s))): simonCircuit.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to the input register for i in range(len(str(s))): simonCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Apply barrier if barriers: simonCircuit.barrier() # Measure input register for i in range(len(str(s))): simonCircuit.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) simonCircuit.draw(output='mpl') # use local simulator backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(simonCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() # Categorize measurements by input register values answer_plot = {} for measresult in answer.keys(): measresult_input = measresult[len(str(s)):] if measresult_input in answer_plot: answer_plot[measresult_input] += answer[measresult] else: answer_plot[measresult_input] = answer[measresult] # Plot the categorized results print( answer_plot ) plot_histogram(answer_plot) # Calculate the dot product of the results def sdotz(a, b): accum = 0 for i in range(len(a)): accum += int(a[i]) * int(b[i]) return (accum % 2) print('s, z, s.z (mod 2)') for z_rev in answer_plot: z = z_rev[::-1] print( '{}, {}, {}.{}={}'.format(s, z, s,z,sdotz(s,z)) ) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to 5 qubits IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(simonCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Categorize measurements by input register values answer_plot = {} for measresult in answer.keys(): measresult_input = measresult[len(str(s)):] if measresult_input in answer_plot: answer_plot[measresult_input] += answer[measresult] else: answer_plot[measresult_input] = answer[measresult] # Plot the categorized results print( answer_plot ) plot_histogram(answer_plot) # Calculate the dot product of the most significant results print('s, z, s.z (mod 2)') for z_rev in answer_plot: if answer_plot[z_rev] >= 0.1*shots: z = z_rev[::-1] print( '{}, {}, {}.{}={}'.format(s, z, s,z,sdotz(s,z)) ) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
secret_unitary = 'hz' # make the imports that are necessary for our work import qiskit as qk from qiskit import ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit import execute, Aer from qiskit import IBMQ from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # simple function that applies a series of unitary gates from a given string def apply_secret_unitary(secret_unitary, qubit, quantum_circuit, dagger): functionmap = { 'x':quantum_circuit.x, 'y':quantum_circuit.y, 'z':quantum_circuit.z, 'h':quantum_circuit.h, 't':quantum_circuit.t, } if dagger: functionmap['t'] = quantum_circuit.tdg if dagger: [functionmap[unitary](qubit) for unitary in secret_unitary] else: [functionmap[unitary](qubit) for unitary in secret_unitary[::-1]] # Create the quantum circuit q = QuantumRegister(3) c = ClassicalRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) ''' Qubit ordering as follows (classical registers will just contain measured values of the corresponding qubits): q[0]: qubit to be teleported (Alice's first qubit. It was given to her after the application of a secret unitary which she doesn't know) q[1]: Alice's second qubit q[2]: Bob's qubit, which will be the destination for the teleportation ''' # Apply the secret unitary that we are using to generate the state to teleport. You can change it to any unitary apply_secret_unitary(secret_unitary, q[0], qc, dagger = 0) qc.barrier() # Next, generate the entangled pair between Alice and Bob (Remember: Hadamard followed by CX generates a Bell pair) qc.h(q[1]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.barrier() # Next, apply the teleportation protocol. qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.h(q[0]) qc.measure(q[0], c[0]) qc.measure(q[1], c[1]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cz(q[0], q[2]) qc.barrier() ''' In principle, if the teleportation protocol worked, we have q[2] = secret_unitary|0> As a result, we should be able to recover q[2] = |0> by applying the reverse of secret_unitary since for a unitary u, u^dagger u = I. ''' apply_secret_unitary(secret_unitary, q[2], qc, dagger=1) qc.measure(q[2], c[2]) qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job_sim = execute(qc, backend, shots=1024) sim_result = job_sim.result() measurement_result = sim_result.get_counts(qc) print(measurement_result) plot_histogram(measurement_result) # First, see what devices we are allowed to use by loading our saved accounts IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() # get the least-busy backend at IBM and run the quantum circuit there from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy backend = least_busy(provider.backends(simulator=False)) job_exp = execute(qc, backend=backend, shots=8192) exp_result = job_exp.result() exp_measurement_result = exp_result.get_counts(qc) print(exp_measurement_result) plot_histogram(exp_measurement_result) error_rate_percent = sum([exp_measurement_result[result] for result in exp_measurement_result.keys() if result[0]=='1']) \ * 100./ sum(list(exp_measurement_result.values())) print("The experimental error rate : ", error_rate_percent, "%")
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
%matplotlib inline # useful additional packages #import math tools import numpy as np # We import the tools to handle general Graphs import networkx as nx # We import plotting tools import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib import cm from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator, FormatStrFormatter # importing Qiskit from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram # Generating the butterfly graph with 5 nodes n = 5 V = np.arange(0,n,1) E =[(0,1,1.0),(0,2,1.0),(1,2,1.0),(3,2,1.0),(3,4,1.0),(4,2,1.0)] G = nx.Graph() G.add_nodes_from(V) G.add_weighted_edges_from(E) # Generate plot of the Graph colors = ['r' for node in G.nodes()] default_axes = plt.axes(frameon=True) pos = nx.spring_layout(G) nx.draw_networkx(G, node_color=colors, node_size=600, alpha=1, ax=default_axes, pos=pos) # Evaluate the function step_size = 0.1; a_gamma = np.arange(0, np.pi, step_size) a_beta = np.arange(0, np.pi, step_size) a_gamma, a_beta = np.meshgrid(a_gamma,a_beta) F1 = 3-(np.sin(2*a_beta)**2*np.sin(2*a_gamma)**2-0.5*np.sin(4*a_beta)*np.sin(4*a_gamma))*(1+np.cos(4*a_gamma)**2) # Grid search for the minimizing variables result = np.where(F1 == np.amax(F1)) a = list(zip(result[0],result[1]))[0] gamma = a[0]*step_size; beta = a[1]*step_size; # Plot the expetation value F1 fig = plt.figure() ax = fig.gca(projection='3d') surf = ax.plot_surface(a_gamma, a_beta, F1, cmap=cm.coolwarm, linewidth=0, antialiased=True) ax.set_zlim(1,4) ax.zaxis.set_major_locator(LinearLocator(3)) ax.zaxis.set_major_formatter(FormatStrFormatter('%.02f')) plt.show() #The smallest paramters and the expectation can be extracted print('\n --- OPTIMAL PARAMETERS --- \n') print('The maximal expectation value is: M1 = %.03f' % np.amax(F1)) print('This is attained for gamma = %.03f and beta = %.03f' % (gamma,beta)) # preapre the quantum and classical resisters QAOA = QuantumCircuit(len(V), len(V)) # apply the layer of Hadamard gates to all qubits QAOA.h(range(len(V))) QAOA.barrier() # apply the Ising type gates with angle gamma along the edges in E for edge in E: k = edge[0] l = edge[1] QAOA.cu1(-2*gamma, k, l) QAOA.u1(gamma, k) QAOA.u1(gamma, l) # then apply the single qubit X - rotations with angle beta to all qubits QAOA.barrier() QAOA.rx(2*beta, range(len(V))) # Finally measure the result in the computational basis QAOA.barrier() QAOA.measure(range(len(V)),range(len(V))) ### draw the circuit for comparison QAOA.draw(output='mpl') # Compute the value of the cost function def cost_function_C(x,G): E = G.edges() if( len(x) != len(G.nodes())): return np.nan C = 0; for index in E: e1 = index[0] e2 = index[1] w = G[e1][e2]['weight'] C = C + w*x[e1]*(1-x[e2]) + w*x[e2]*(1-x[e1]) return C # run on local simulator backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") shots = 10000 simulate = execute(QAOA, backend=backend, shots=shots) QAOA_results = simulate.result() plot_histogram(QAOA_results.get_counts(),figsize = (8,6),bar_labels = False) # Evaluate the data from the simulator counts = QAOA_results.get_counts() avr_C = 0 max_C = [0,0] hist = {} for k in range(len(G.edges())+1): hist[str(k)] = hist.get(str(k),0) for sample in list(counts.keys()): # use sampled bit string x to compute C(x) x = [int(num) for num in list(sample)] tmp_eng = cost_function_C(x,G) # compute the expectation value and energy distribution avr_C = avr_C + counts[sample]*tmp_eng hist[str(round(tmp_eng))] = hist.get(str(round(tmp_eng)),0) + counts[sample] # save best bit string if( max_C[1] < tmp_eng): max_C[0] = sample max_C[1] = tmp_eng M1_sampled = avr_C/shots print('\n --- SIMULATION RESULTS ---\n') print('The sampled mean value is M1_sampled = %.02f while the true value is M1 = %.02f \n' % (M1_sampled,np.amax(F1))) print('The approximate solution is x* = %s with C(x*) = %d \n' % (max_C[0],max_C[1])) print('The cost function is distributed as: \n') plot_histogram(hist,figsize = (8,6),bar_labels = False) # Use the IBMQ essex device provider = IBMQ.load_account() backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_essex') shots = 2048 job_exp = execute(QAOA, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job_exp) exp_results = job_exp.result() plot_histogram(exp_results.get_counts(),figsize = (10,8),bar_labels = False) # Evaluate the data from the experiment counts = exp_results.get_counts() avr_C = 0 max_C = [0,0] hist = {} for k in range(len(G.edges())+1): hist[str(k)] = hist.get(str(k),0) for sample in list(counts.keys()): # use sampled bit string x to compute C(x) x = [int(num) for num in list(sample)] tmp_eng = cost_function_C(x,G) # compute the expectation value and energy distribution avr_C = avr_C + counts[sample]*tmp_eng hist[str(round(tmp_eng))] = hist.get(str(round(tmp_eng)),0) + counts[sample] # save best bit string if( max_C[1] < tmp_eng): max_C[0] = sample max_C[1] = tmp_eng M1_sampled = avr_C/shots print('\n --- EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ---\n') print('The sampled mean value is M1_sampled = %.02f while the true value is M1 = %.02f \n' % (M1_sampled,np.amax(F1))) print('The approximate solution is x* = %s with C(x*) = %d \n' % (max_C[0],max_C[1])) print('The cost function is distributed as: \n') plot_histogram(hist,figsize = (8,6),bar_labels = False) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import numpy as np from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.aqua import QuantumInstance, run_algorithm from qiskit.aqua.algorithms import Grover from qiskit.aqua.components.oracles import LogicalExpressionOracle, TruthTableOracle input_3sat = ''' c example DIMACS-CNF 3-SAT p cnf 3 5 -1 -2 -3 0 1 -2 3 0 1 2 -3 0 1 -2 -3 0 -1 2 3 0 ''' oracle = LogicalExpressionOracle(input_3sat) grover = Grover(oracle) backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(backend, shots=1024) result = grover.run(quantum_instance) print(result['result']) plot_histogram(result['measurement']) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the ibmq_16_melbourne backend from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_16_melbourne') from qiskit.compiler import transpile # transpile the circuit for ibmq_16_melbourne grover_compiled = transpile(result['circuit'], backend=backend, optimization_level=3) print('gates = ', grover_compiled.count_ops()) print('depth = ', grover_compiled.depth()) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import numpy as np np.random.seed(999999) target_distr = np.random.rand(2) # We now convert the random vector into a valid probability vector target_distr /= sum(target_distr) from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister def get_var_form(params): qr = QuantumRegister(1, name="q") cr = ClassicalRegister(1, name='c') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.u3(params[0], params[1], params[2], qr[0]) qc.measure(qr, cr[0]) return qc from qiskit import Aer, execute backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") NUM_SHOTS = 10000 def get_probability_distribution(counts): output_distr = [v / NUM_SHOTS for v in counts.values()] if len(output_distr) == 1: output_distr.append(0) return output_distr def objective_function(params): # Obtain a quantum circuit instance from the paramters qc = get_var_form(params) # Execute the quantum circuit to obtain the probability distribution associated with the current parameters result = execute(qc, backend, shots=NUM_SHOTS).result() # Obtain the counts for each measured state, and convert those counts into a probability vector output_distr = get_probability_distribution(result.get_counts(qc)) # Calculate the cost as the distance between the output distribution and the target distribution cost = sum([np.abs(output_distr[i] - target_distr[i]) for i in range(2)]) return cost from qiskit.aqua.components.optimizers import COBYLA # Initialize the COBYLA optimizer optimizer = COBYLA(maxiter=500, tol=0.0001) # Create the initial parameters (noting that our single qubit variational form has 3 parameters) params = np.random.rand(3) ret = optimizer.optimize(num_vars=3, objective_function=objective_function, initial_point=params) # Obtain the output distribution using the final parameters qc = get_var_form(ret[0]) counts = execute(qc, backend, shots=NUM_SHOTS).result().get_counts(qc) output_distr = get_probability_distribution(counts) print("Target Distribution:", target_distr) print("Obtained Distribution:", output_distr) print("Output Error (Manhattan Distance):", ret[1]) print("Parameters Found:", ret[0]) from qiskit.aqua.components.variational_forms import RYRZ entanglements = ["linear", "full"] for entanglement in entanglements: form = RYRZ(num_qubits=4, depth=1, entanglement=entanglement) if entanglement == "linear": print("=============Linear Entanglement:=============") else: print("=============Full Entanglement:=============") # We initialize all parameters to 0 for this demonstration print(form.construct_circuit([0] * form.num_parameters).draw(line_length=100)) print() from qiskit.aqua.algorithms import VQE, ExactEigensolver import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np from qiskit.chemistry.aqua_extensions.components.variational_forms import UCCSD from qiskit.aqua.components.variational_forms import RYRZ from qiskit.chemistry.aqua_extensions.components.initial_states import HartreeFock from qiskit.aqua.components.optimizers import COBYLA, SPSA, SLSQP from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer, Aer from qiskit.chemistry.drivers import PySCFDriver, UnitsType from qiskit.chemistry import FermionicOperator from qiskit import IBMQ from qiskit.providers.aer import noise from qiskit.aqua import QuantumInstance from qiskit.ignis.mitigation.measurement import CompleteMeasFitter def get_qubit_op(dist): driver = PySCFDriver(atom="Li .0 .0 .0; H .0 .0 " + str(dist), unit=UnitsType.ANGSTROM, charge=0, spin=0, basis='sto3g') molecule = driver.run() freeze_list = [0] remove_list = [-3, -2] repulsion_energy = molecule.nuclear_repulsion_energy num_particles = molecule.num_alpha + molecule.num_beta num_spin_orbitals = molecule.num_orbitals * 2 remove_list = [x % molecule.num_orbitals for x in remove_list] freeze_list = [x % molecule.num_orbitals for x in freeze_list] remove_list = [x - len(freeze_list) for x in remove_list] remove_list += [x + molecule.num_orbitals - len(freeze_list) for x in remove_list] freeze_list += [x + molecule.num_orbitals for x in freeze_list] ferOp = FermionicOperator(h1=molecule.one_body_integrals, h2=molecule.two_body_integrals) ferOp, energy_shift = ferOp.fermion_mode_freezing(freeze_list) num_spin_orbitals -= len(freeze_list) num_particles -= len(freeze_list) ferOp = ferOp.fermion_mode_elimination(remove_list) num_spin_orbitals -= len(remove_list) qubitOp = ferOp.mapping(map_type='parity', threshold=0.00000001) qubitOp = qubitOp.two_qubit_reduced_operator(num_particles) shift = energy_shift + repulsion_energy return qubitOp, num_particles, num_spin_orbitals, shift backend = BasicAer.get_backend("statevector_simulator") distances = np.arange(0.5, 4.0, 0.1) exact_energies = [] vqe_energies = [] optimizer = SLSQP(maxiter=5) for dist in distances: qubitOp, num_particles, num_spin_orbitals, shift = get_qubit_op(dist) result = ExactEigensolver(qubitOp).run() exact_energies.append(result['energy'] + shift) initial_state = HartreeFock( qubitOp.num_qubits, num_spin_orbitals, num_particles, 'parity' ) var_form = UCCSD( qubitOp.num_qubits, depth=1, num_orbitals=num_spin_orbitals, num_particles=num_particles, initial_state=initial_state, qubit_mapping='parity' ) vqe = VQE(qubitOp, var_form, optimizer, 'matrix') results = vqe.run(backend)['energy'] + shift vqe_energies.append(results) print("Interatomic Distance:", np.round(dist, 2), "VQE Result:", results, "Exact Energy:", exact_energies[-1]) print("All energies have been calculated") plt.plot(distances, exact_energies, label="Exact Energy") plt.plot(distances, vqe_energies, label="VQE Energy") plt.xlabel('Atomic distance (Angstrom)') plt.ylabel('Energy') plt.legend() plt.show() driver = PySCFDriver(atom='H .0 .0 -0.3625; H .0 .0 0.3625', unit=UnitsType.ANGSTROM, charge=0, spin=0, basis='sto3g') molecule = driver.run() num_particles = molecule.num_alpha + molecule.num_beta qubitOp = FermionicOperator(h1=molecule.one_body_integrals, h2=molecule.two_body_integrals).mapping(map_type='parity') qubitOp = qubitOp.two_qubit_reduced_operator(num_particles) IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") device = provider.get_backend("ibmqx4") coupling_map = device.configuration().coupling_map noise_model = noise.device.basic_device_noise_model(device.properties()) quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=1000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, measurement_error_mitigation_cls=CompleteMeasFitter, cals_matrix_refresh_period=30,) exact_solution = ExactEigensolver(qubitOp).run() print("Exact Result:", exact_solution['energy']) optimizer = SPSA(max_trials=100) var_form = RYRZ(qubitOp.num_qubits, depth=1, entanglement="linear") vqe = VQE(qubitOp, var_form, optimizer=optimizer, operator_mode="grouped_paulis") ret = vqe.run(quantum_instance) print("VQE Result:", ret['energy'])
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy as np def NOT(input): q = QuantumRegister(1) # a qubit in which to encode and manipulate the input c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # We encode '0' as the qubit state |0⟩, and '1' as |1⟩ # Since the qubit is initially |0⟩, we don't need to do anything for an input of '0' # For an input of '1', we do an x to rotate the |0⟩ to |1⟩ if input=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) # Now we've encoded the input, we can do a NOT on it using x qc.x( q[0] ) # Finally, we extract the |0⟩/|1⟩ output of the qubit and encode it in the bit c[0] qc.measure( q[0], c[0] ) # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1) output = next(iter(job.result().get_counts())) return output def XOR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(2) # two qubits in which to encode and manipulate the input c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[1],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def AND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # two qubits in which to encode the input, and one for the output c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def NAND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # two qubits in which to encode the input, and one for the output c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def OR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # two qubits in which to encode the input, and one for the output c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # YOUR QUANTUM PROGRAM GOES HERE qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # YOU CAN CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output print('\nResults for the NOT gate') for input in ['0','1']: print(' Input',input,'gives output',NOT(input)) print('\nResults for the XOR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',XOR(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the AND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',AND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the NAND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',NAND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the OR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' Inputs',input1,input2,'give output',OR(input1,input2))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy as np q = QuantumRegister(1) c = ClassicalRegister(1) error = {} for n in range(1,11): # Create a blank circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(q,c) # Implement an approximate Hadamard theta = np.pi # here we incorrectly choose theta=pi for j in range(n): qc.rx(theta/n,q[0]) qc.rz(theta/n,q[0]) # We need to measure how good the above approximation is. Here's a simple way to do this. # Step 1: Use a real hadamard to cancel the above approximation. # For a good approximatuon, the qubit will return to state 0. For a bad one, it will end up as some superposition. qc.h(q[0]) # Step 2: Run the circuit, and see how many times we get the outcome 1. # Since it should return 0 with certainty, the fraction of 1s is a measure of the error. qc.measure(q,c) shots = 20000 job = execute(qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots) try: error[n] = (job.result().get_counts()['1']/shots) except: pass plot_histogram(error)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.providers.aer import noise import numpy as np coupling_map = [[1, 0], [2, 0], [2, 1], [3, 2], [3, 4], [4, 2]] noise_dict = {'errors': [{'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.9985834701497431], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.9972953318547628], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.9965222730251616], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.9971669402994862], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.9945906637095256], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.9930445460503232], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.9672573379090872], 'gate_qubits': [[1, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.9699888805021712], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.9627184072576159], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.9437457618579164], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.9339816349935997], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.9307167621063416], 'gate_qubits': [[4, 2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9372499999999999, 0.06275000000000008], [0.06275000000000008, 0.9372499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9345, 0.0655], [0.0655, 0.9345]], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.97075, 0.029249999999999998], [0.029249999999999998, 0.97075]], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9742500000000001, 0.02574999999999994], [0.02574999999999994, 0.9742500000000001]], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.8747499999999999, 0.12525000000000008], [0.12525000000000008, 0.8747499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}], 'x90_gates': []} noise_model = noise.noise_model.NoiseModel.from_dict( noise_dict ) qr = QuantumRegister(5, 'qr') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'cr') backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ccx(qr[ q_1 ],qr[ q_2 ],qr[ q_out ]) # the AND just needs a c qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output result = AND('0','0') print( result ) plot_histogram( result ) worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, Aer, execute def NOT(input): q = QuantumRegister(1) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes # We encode '0' as the qubit state |0⟩, and '1' as |1⟩ # Since the qubit is initially |0⟩, we don't need to do anything for an input of '0' # For an input of '1', we do an x to rotate the |0⟩ to |1⟩ if input=='1': # qc.x( q[0] ) # Now we've encoded the input, we can do a NOT on it using x qc.x( q[0] ) # Finally, we extract the |0⟩/|1⟩ output of the qubit and encode it in the bit c[0] qc.measure( q[0], c[0] ) # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def XOR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(2) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) qc.cx(q[0],q[1]) # just needs a cnot qc.measure(q[1],c[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def AND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) qc.ccx(q[0],q[1],q[2]) # just needs a ccx controlled on qubits 0 and 1 and targeted on 2 qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def NAND(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) # can be done with an AND followed by a NOT qc.ccx(q[0],q[1],q[2]) # the AND just needs a ccx controlled on qubits 0 and 1 and targeted on 2 qc.x(q[2]) # the NOT is done to the qubit containing the output qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output def OR(input1,input2): q = QuantumRegister(3) # a qubit in which to encode the inout c = ClassicalRegister(1) # a bit to store the output qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) # this is where the quantum program goes if input1=='1': qc.x( q[0] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( q[1] ) # can be done with NOTs on the inputs and output of an AND qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.ccx(q[0],q[1],q[2]) # the AND just needs a ccx controlled on qubits 0 and 1 and targeted on 2 qc.x(q[2]) # the NOT is done to the qubit containing the output qc.measure(q[2],c[0]) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = execute(qc,backend,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return output print('\nResults for the NOT gate') for input in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with input',input,'gives output',NOT(input)) print('\nResults for the XOR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',XOR(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the AND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',AND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the NAND gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',NAND(input1,input2)) print('\nResults for the OR gate') for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print(' NOT with inputs',input1,input2,'gives output',OR(input1,input2))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy as np qr = QuantumRegister(1) cr = ClassicalRegister(1) error = {} for n in range(1,11): # Create a blank circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) # Implement an approximate Hadamard theta = np.pi/np.sqrt(2) # here we correctly choose theta=pi/sqrt(2) for j in range(n): qc.rx(theta/n,qr[0]) qc.rz(theta/n,qr[0]) # We need to measure how good the above approximation is. Here's a simple way to do this. # Step 1: Use a real hadamard to cancel the above approximation. # For a good approximatuon, the qubit will return to state 0. For a bad one, it will end up as some superposition. qc.h(qr[0]) # Step 2: Run the circuit, and see how many times we get the outcome 1. # Since it should return 0 with certainty, the fraction of 1s is a measure of the error. qc.measure(qr,cr) shots = 20000 job = execute(qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots) try: error[n] = (job.result().get_counts()['1']/shots) except: pass plot_histogram(error) # The linear nature of error^(-1/2) shows that the error has a quadratic decay. inverse_square_of_error = {} for n in error: inverse_square_of_error[n] = (error[n])**(-1/2) plot_histogram(inverse_square_of_error) qr = QuantumRegister(1) cr = ClassicalRegister(1) error = {} for n in range(1,11): # Create a blank circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) # Implement an approximate Hadamard theta = np.pi/np.sqrt(2) # here we correctly use theta=pi/sqrt(2) for j in range(n): qc.rz(theta/(2*n),qr[0]) qc.rx(theta/n,qr[0]) qc.rz(theta/(2*n),qr[0]) # We need to measure how good the above approximation is. Here's a simple way to do this. # Step 1: Use a real hadamard to cancel the above approximation. # For a good approximatuon, the qubit will return to state 0. For a bad one, it will end up as some superposition. qc.h(qr[0]) # Step 2: Run the circuit, and see how many times we get the outcome 1. # Since it should return 0 with certainty, the fraction of 1s is a measure of the error. qc.measure(qr,cr) shots = 100000 job = execute(qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots) try: error[n] = (job.result().get_counts()['1']/shots) except: pass plot_histogram(error) # The linear nature of error^(-1/3) shows that the error has a cubic decay. # Note: this needs loads of shots to get a good result. inverse_cube_of_error = {} for n in error: error[n] inverse_cube_of_error[n] = (error[n])**(-1/3) plot_histogram(inverse_cube_of_error)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.providers.aer import noise from qiskit.compiler import transpile import numpy as np coupling_map = [[1, 0], [2, 0], [2, 1], [3, 2], [3, 4], [4, 2]] noise_dict = {'errors': [{'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.0004721766167523067, 0.9985834701497431], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.0005151090708174488, 0.9984546727875476], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.000901556048412383, 0.9972953318547628], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u2'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.0011592423249461303, 0.9965222730251616], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.0009443532335046134, 0.9971669402994862], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.0010302181416348977, 0.9969093455750953], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.001803112096824766, 0.9945906637095256], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['u3'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.0023184846498922607, 0.9930445460503232], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.002182844139394187, 0.9672573379090872], 'gate_qubits': [[1, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.0020007412998552473, 0.9699888805021712], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 0]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.002485439516158936, 0.9627184072576159], 'gate_qubits': [[2, 1]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.0037502825428055767, 0.9437457618579164], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 2]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.004401224333760022, 0.9339816349935997], 'gate_qubits': [[3, 4]]}, {'type': 'qerror', 'operations': ['cx'], 'instructions': [[{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'x', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'y', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'x', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'y', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'z', 'qubits': [0]}, {'name': 'z', 'qubits': [1]}], [{'name': 'id', 'qubits': [0]}]], 'probabilities': [0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.0046188825262438934, 0.9307167621063416], 'gate_qubits': [[4, 2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9372499999999999, 0.06275000000000008], [0.06275000000000008, 0.9372499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[0]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9345, 0.0655], [0.0655, 0.9345]], 'gate_qubits': [[1]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.97075, 0.029249999999999998], [0.029249999999999998, 0.97075]], 'gate_qubits': [[2]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.9742500000000001, 0.02574999999999994], [0.02574999999999994, 0.9742500000000001]], 'gate_qubits': [[3]]}, {'type': 'roerror', 'operations': ['measure'], 'probabilities': [[0.8747499999999999, 0.12525000000000008], [0.12525000000000008, 0.8747499999999999]], 'gate_qubits': [[4]]}], 'x90_gates': []} noise_model = noise.noise_model.NoiseModel.from_dict( noise_dict ) qr = QuantumRegister(5, 'qr') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'cr') backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ccx(qr[ q_1 ],qr[ q_2 ],qr[ q_out ]) # the AND just needs a c qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output result = AND('0','0') print( result ) plot_histogram( result ) worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst) for j in range(5): qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.measure(qr[j],cr[0]) job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() print('Probability of incorrect output for qubit',j,'is',output['1']/10000) worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=3,q_2=4,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst) def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ch(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.cz(qr[q_2],qr[q_out]) qc.ch(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.ch(qr[1],qr[0]) print('Original circuit') print(qc) print('Compiled circuit') qc_compiled = transpile(qc,backend=backend) print(qc_compiled) def AND (input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2): # The keyword q_1 specifies the qubit used to encode input1 # The keyword q_2 specifies qubit used to encode input2 # The keyword q_out specifies qubit to be as output qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # prepare input on qubits q1 and q2 if input1=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_1 ] ) if input2=='1': qc.x( qr[ q_2 ] ) qc.ry(-np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.cx(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.ry(np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.cz(qr[q_2],qr[q_out]) qc.ry(-np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.cx(qr[q_1],qr[q_out]) qc.ry(np.pi/4,qr[q_out]) qc.measure(qr[ q_out ],cr[0]) # output from qubit 1 is measured # the circuit is run on a simulator, but we do it so that the noise and connectivity of Tenerife are also reproduced job = execute(qc, backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) output = job.result().get_counts() return output worst = 1 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) prob = AND(input1,input2, q_1=0,q_2=1,q_out=2)[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/10000 print( prob ) worst = min(worst,prob) print('\nThe lowest of these probabilities was',worst)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.circuit import Gate
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * # set up circuit (no measurements required) qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.x(0) # qubits numbered from the right, so qubit 0 is the qubit on the right qc.z(1) # and qubit 1 is on the left # set up simulator that returns unitary matrix backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') # run the circuit to get the matrix gate = execute(qc,backend).result().get_unitary() # now we use some fanciness to display it in latex from IPython.display import display, Markdown, Latex gate_latex = '\\begin{pmatrix}' for line in gate: for element in line: gate_latex += str(element) + '&' gate_latex = gate_latex[0:-1] gate_latex += '\\\\' gate_latex = gate_latex[0:-2] gate_latex += '\end{pmatrix}' display(Markdown(gate_latex))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import qiskit from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister from qiskit import Aer, execute import math import random import numpy as np from scipy.optimize import minimize def apply_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters): for iz in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.ry(parameters[0][iz], qubits[iz]) circ.cz(qubits[0], qubits[1]) circ.cz(qubits[2], qubits[0]) for iz in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.ry(parameters[1][iz], qubits[iz]) circ.cz(qubits[1], qubits[2]) circ.cz(qubits[2], qubits[0]) for iz in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.ry(parameters[2][iz], qubits[iz]) circ = QuantumCircuit(3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]]) print(circ) #Creates the Hadamard test def had_test(gate_type, qubits, ancilla_index, parameters): circ.h(ancilla_index) apply_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters) for ie in range (0, len(gate_type[0])): if (gate_type[0][ie] == 1): circ.cz(ancilla_index, qubits[ie]) for ie in range (0, len(gate_type[1])): if (gate_type[1][ie] == 1): circ.cz(ancilla_index, qubits[ie]) circ.h(ancilla_index) circ = QuantumCircuit(4) had_test([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]], [1, 2, 3], 0, [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]]) print(circ) #Creates controlled anstaz for calculating |<b|psi>|^2 with a Hadamard test def control_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters, ancilla, reg): for i in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.cry(parameters[0][i], qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, ancilla), qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, qubits[i])) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[1], 4) circ.cz(qubits[0], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[1], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) circ.cz(qubits[2], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) for i in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.cry(parameters[1][i], qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, ancilla), qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, qubits[i])) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[2], 4) circ.cz(qubits[1], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[2], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) circ.cz(qubits[2], 4) circ.ccx(ancilla, qubits[0], 4) for i in range (0, len(qubits)): circ.cry(parameters[2][i], qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, ancilla), qiskit.circuit.Qubit(reg, qubits[i])) q_reg = QuantumRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(q_reg) control_fixed_ansatz([1, 2, 3], [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]], 0, q_reg) print(circ) def control_b(ancilla, qubits): for ia in qubits: circ.ch(ancilla, ia) circ = QuantumCircuit(4) control_b(0, [1, 2, 3]) print(circ) #Create the controlled Hadamard test, for calculating <psi|psi> def special_had_test(gate_type, qubits, ancilla_index, parameters, reg): circ.h(ancilla_index) control_fixed_ansatz(qubits, parameters, ancilla_index, reg) for ty in range (0, len(gate_type)): if (gate_type[ty] == 1): circ.cz(ancilla_index, qubits[ty]) control_b(ancilla_index, qubits) circ.h(ancilla_index) q_reg = QuantumRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(q_reg) special_had_test([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]], [1, 2, 3], 0, [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]], q_reg) print(circ) #Implements the entire cost function on the quantum circuit def calculate_cost_function(parameters): global opt overall_sum_1 = 0 parameters = [parameters[0:3], parameters[3:6], parameters[6:9]] for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): global circ qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] had_test([gate_set[i], gate_set[j]], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters) job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=100) o = outputstate m_sum = 0 for l in range (0, len(o)): if (l%2 == 1): n = float(o[l])**2 m_sum+=n overall_sum_1+=multiply*(1-(2*m_sum)) overall_sum_2 = 0 for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] mult = 1 for extra in range(0, 2): qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(5) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') if (extra == 0): special_had_test(gate_set[i], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) if (extra == 1): special_had_test(gate_set[j], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=100) o = outputstate m_sum = 0 for l in range (0, len(o)): if (l%2 == 1): n = float(o[l])**2 m_sum+=n mult = mult*(1-(2*m_sum)) overall_sum_2+=multiply*mult print(1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1)) return 1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1) coefficient_set = [0.55, 0.45] gate_set = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]] out = minimize(calculate_cost_function, x0=[float(random.randint(0,3000))/1000 for i in range(0, 9)], method="COBYLA", options={'maxiter':200}) print(out) out_f = [out['x'][0:3], out['x'][3:6], out['x'][6:9]] circ = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], out_f) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() o = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=10) a1 = coefficient_set[1]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,-1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,-1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a2 = coefficient_set[0]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]]) a3 = np.add(a1, a2) b = np.array([float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8))]) print((b.dot(a3.dot(o)/(np.linalg.norm(a3.dot(o)))))**2) coefficient_set = [0.55, 0.225, 0.225] gate_set = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]] out = minimize(calculate_cost_function, x0=[float(random.randint(0,3000))/1000 for i in range(0, 9)], method="COBYLA", options={'maxiter':200}) print(out) out_f = [out['x'][0:3], out['x'][3:6], out['x'][6:9]] circ = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], out_f) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() o = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=10) a1 = coefficient_set[2]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,-1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,-1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a0 = coefficient_set[1]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,-1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,-1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a2 = coefficient_set[0]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]]) a3 = np.add(np.add(a2, a0), a1) b = np.array([float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8))]) print((b.dot(a3.dot(o)/(np.linalg.norm(a3.dot(o)))))**2) #Implements the entire cost function on the quantum circuit (sampling, 100000 shots) def calculate_cost_function(parameters): global opt overall_sum_1 = 0 parameters = [parameters[0:3], parameters[3:6], parameters[6:9]] for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): global circ qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(1) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] had_test([gate_set[i], gate_set[j]], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters) circ.measure(0, 0) job = execute(circ, backend, shots=100000) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_counts(circ) if ('1' in outputstate.keys()): m_sum = float(outputstate["1"])/100000 else: m_sum = 0 overall_sum_1+=multiply*(1-2*m_sum) overall_sum_2 = 0 for i in range(0, len(gate_set)): for j in range(0, len(gate_set)): multiply = coefficient_set[i]*coefficient_set[j] mult = 1 for extra in range(0, 2): qctl = QuantumRegister(5) qc = ClassicalRegister(1) circ = QuantumCircuit(qctl, qc) backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') if (extra == 0): special_had_test(gate_set[i], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) if (extra == 1): special_had_test(gate_set[j], [1, 2, 3], 0, parameters, qctl) circ.measure(0, 0) job = execute(circ, backend, shots=100000) result = job.result() outputstate = result.get_counts(circ) if ('1' in outputstate.keys()): m_sum = float(outputstate["1"])/100000 else: m_sum = 0 mult = mult*(1-2*m_sum) overall_sum_2+=multiply*mult print(1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1)) return 1-float(overall_sum_2/overall_sum_1) coefficient_set = [0.55, 0.225, 0.225] gate_set = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]] out = minimize(calculate_cost_function, x0=[float(random.randint(0,3000))/1000 for i in range(0, 9)], method="COBYLA", options={'maxiter':200}) print(out) out_f = [out['x'][0:3], out['x'][3:6], out['x'][6:9]] circ = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) apply_fixed_ansatz([0, 1, 2], out_f) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job = execute(circ, backend) result = job.result() o = result.get_statevector(circ, decimals=10) a1 = coefficient_set[2]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,-1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,-1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a0 = coefficient_set[1]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,-1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,-1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,-1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1]]) a2 = coefficient_set[0]*np.array([[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0], [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]]) a3 = np.add(np.add(a2, a0), a1) b = np.array([float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8)),float(1/np.sqrt(8))]) print((b.dot(a3.dot(o)/(np.linalg.norm(a3.dot(o)))))**2)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt import numpy as np from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_vector plt.figure() ax = plt.gca() ax.quiver([3], [5], angles='xy', scale_units='xy', scale=1) ax.set_xlim([-1, 10]) ax.set_ylim([-1, 10]) plt.draw() plt.show() plot_bloch_vector([1, 0, 0]) plot_bloch_vector([0, 0, 0])
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
1 + 1 a = 1 b = 0.5 a + b an_integer = 42 # Just an integer a_float = 0.1 # A non-integer number, up to a fixed precision a_boolean = True # A value that can be True or False a_string = '''just enclose text between two 's, or two "s, or do what we did for this string''' # Text none_of_the_above = None # The absence of any actual value or variable type a_list = [0,1,2,3] a_list = [ 42, 0.5, True, [0,1], None, 'Banana' ] a_list[0] a_tuple = ( 42, 0.5, True, [0,1], None, 'Banana' ) a_tuple[0] a_list[5] = 'apple' print(a_list) a_tuple[5] = 'apple' a_list.append( 3.14 ) print(a_list) a_dict = { 1:'This is the value, for the key 1', 'This is the key for a value 1':1, False:':)', (0,1):256 } a_dict['This is the key for a value 1'] a_dict['new key'] = 'new_value' for j in range(5): print(j) for j in a_list: print(j) for key in a_dict: value = a_dict[key] print('key =',key) print('value =',value) print() if 'strawberry' in a_list: print('We have a strawberry!') elif a_list[5]=='apple': print('We have an apple!') else: print('Not much fruit here!') import numpy numpy.sin( numpy.pi/2 ) import numpy as np np.sin( np.pi/2 ) from numpy import * sin( pi/2 ) def do_some_maths ( Input1, Input2 ): the_answer = Input1 + Input2 return the_answer x = do_some_maths(1,72) print(x) def add_sausages ( input_list ): if 'sausages' not in input_list: input_list.append('sausages') print('List before the function') print(a_list) add_sausages(a_list) # function called without an output print('\nList after the function') print(a_list) import random for j in range(5): print('* Results from sample',j+1) print('\n Random number from 0 to 1:', random.random() ) print("\n Random choice from our list:", random.choice( a_list ) ) print('\n')
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * qc = QuantumCircuit() qr = QuantumRegister(2,'qreg') qc.add_register( qr ) qc.qregs qc.draw(output='mpl') qc.h() qc.h( qr[0] ) qc.cx( qr[0], qr[1] ); qc.draw(output='mpl') vector_sim = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') Aer.backends() job = execute( qc, vector_sim ) ket = job.result().get_statevector() for amplitude in ket: print(amplitude) new_qc = QuantumCircuit( qr ) new_qc.initialize( ket, qr ) new_qc.draw(output='mpl') cr = ClassicalRegister(2,'creg') qc.add_register(cr) qc.measure(qr[0],cr[0]) qc.measure(qr[1],cr[1]) qc.draw(output='mpl') emulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute( qc, emulator, shots=8192 ) hist = job.result().get_counts() print(hist) from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram plot_histogram( hist ) job = execute( qc, emulator, shots=10, memory=True ) samples = job.result().get_memory() print(samples) qubit = QuantumRegister(8) bit = ClassicalRegister(8) circuit = QuantumCircuit(qubit,bit) circuit.x(qubit[7]) circuit.measure(qubit,bit) # this is a way to do all the qc.measure(qr8[j],cr8[j]) at once execute( circuit, emulator, shots=8192 ).result().get_counts() qc = QuantumCircuit(3) qc.h(1) qc.draw(output='mpl') qc = QuantumCircuit(2,1) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(1,0) qc.draw(output='mpl') sub_circuit = QuantumCircuit(3, name='toggle_cx') sub_circuit.cx(0,1) sub_circuit.cx(1,2) sub_circuit.cx(0,1) sub_circuit.cx(1,2) sub_circuit.draw(output='mpl') toggle_cx = sub_circuit.to_instruction() qr = QuantumRegister(4) new_qc = QuantumCircuit(qr) new_qc.append(toggle_cx, [qr[1],qr[2],qr[3]]) new_qc.draw(output='mpl') IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() for backend in provider.backends(): print( backend.status() ) real_device = provider.get_backend('ibmq_16_melbourne') properties = real_device.properties() coupling_map = real_device.configuration().coupling_map from qiskit.providers.aer import noise noise_model = noise.device.basic_device_noise_model(properties) qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0,0) qc.measure(1,1) job = execute(qc, emulator, shots=1024, noise_model=noise_model, coupling_map=coupling_map, basis_gates=noise_model.basis_gates) job.result().get_counts()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
%matplotlib inline import qiskit.pulse as pulse import qiskit.pulse.pulse_lib as pulse_lib from qiskit.compiler import assemble import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__ from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='your-hub-name') # change to your hub name backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_poughkeepsie') backend_config = backend.configuration() from qiskit.tools.jupyter import backend_overview, backend_monitor %qiskit_backend_monitor backend backend_defaults = backend.defaults() backend_devicespec = pulse.DeviceSpecification.create_from(backend) dt = backend_config.dt # choose device to work on from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() qubit = 1 center_frequency_GHz = backend_defaults.qubit_freq_est[qubit] # define frequencies to do VNA sweep import numpy as np frequency_span_kHz = 20000 frequency_step_kHz = 1000 frequency_min = center_frequency_GHz - frequency_span_kHz/2.e6 frequency_max = center_frequency_GHz + frequency_span_kHz/2.e6 frequencies_GHz = np.arange(frequency_min, frequency_max, frequency_step_kHz/1e6) print(frequencies_GHz) # drive pulse parameters drive_power = 0.01 drive_samples = 128 drive_sigma = 16 # creating drive pulse drive_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='mydrivepulse') drive_pulse_qubit = drive_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) # measurement pulse parameters meas_amp = 0.05 meas_samples = 1200 meas_sigma = 4 meas_risefall = 25 # creating measurement pulse meas_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian_square(duration=meas_samples, amp=meas_amp, sigma=meas_sigma, risefall=meas_risefall, name='mymeasurepulse') meas_pulse_qubit = meas_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure) # create acquire pulse acq_cmd=pulse.Acquire(duration=meas_samples) acq_cmd_qubit = acq_cmd(backend_devicespec.q, backend_devicespec.mem) # combined measure and acquire pulse measure_and_acquire_qubit = meas_pulse_qubit | acq_cmd_qubit # scalefactor for received data scale_factor = 1e-10 # schedules schedules = [] schedule_LOs = [] num_shots_per_frequency = 256 for jj, drive_frequency in enumerate(frequencies_GHz): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="Frequency = {}".format(drive_frequency)) this_schedule += drive_pulse_qubit this_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << this_schedule.duration schedules.append(this_schedule) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: drive_frequency}) schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) VNASweep_experiment_qobj = assemble(schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='single', shots=num_shots_per_frequency, schedule_los = schedule_LOs ) schedules[-1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) job = backend.run(VNASweep_experiment_qobj) from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async='True') job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e228e15ce0100196d8c22') VNASweep_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = frequencies_GHz plot_Y = [] for kk, drive_frequency in enumerate(frequencies_GHz): thisfrequency_results = VNASweep_results.get_memory(kk)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( np.mean(thisfrequency_results[:, qubit]) ) import matplotlib.pyplot as plotter plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) rough_frequency_qubit = frequencies_GHz [ np.where( plot_Y == np.max(plot_Y))[0] ].tolist()[0] rough_frequency_qubit = round(rough_frequency_qubit, 5) print(rough_frequency_qubit) # Rabi experiment parameters num_Rabi_points = 64 num_shots_per_point = 256 # drive parameters drive_power_min = 0 drive_power_max = 0.1 drive_powers = np.linspace(drive_power_min, drive_power_max, num_Rabi_points) drive_samples = 128 drive_sigma = 16 # create schedules for Rabi experiment Rabi_schedules = [] Rabi_schedule_LOs = [] for ii, drive_power in enumerate(drive_powers): rabi_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='rabi_pulse_{}'.format(ii)) rabi_pulse_qubit = rabi_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="Rabi drive = {}".format(drive_power)) this_schedule += rabi_pulse_qubit this_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << this_schedule.duration Rabi_schedules.append(this_schedule) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) Rabi_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) Rabi_schedules[-1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) rabi_experiment_qobj = assemble (Rabi_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = Rabi_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(rabi_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e2a0099a509001888ab02') Rabi_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = drive_powers plot_Y = [] for jj, drive_power in enumerate(drive_powers): thispower_results = Rabi_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thispower_results[qubit] ) import matplotlib.pyplot as plotter plot_Y = plot_Y - np.mean(plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) from scipy.optimize import curve_fit fit_func = lambda x,A,B,T,phi: (A*np.cos(2*np.pi*x/T+phi)+B) #Fit the data fitparams, conv = curve_fit(fit_func, plot_X, plot_Y, [3.0 ,0.0 ,0.04 ,0]) #get the pi amplitude first_peak = abs(np.pi-fitparams[3])*fitparams[2]/(2*np.pi) pi_amp = abs(fitparams[2]/2) plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func(plot_X, *fitparams), color='red') plotter.axvline(first_peak, color='black', linestyle='dashed') plotter.axvline(first_peak + pi_amp, color='black', linestyle='dashed') plotter.xlabel('Pulse amplitude, a.u.', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) plotter.title('Rough Pi Amplitude Calibration', fontsize=20) print('Pi Amplitude %f'%(pi_amp)) # Rabi experiment parameters num_shots_gndexc = 512 # drive parameters drive_power = pi_amp print(drive_power) # create schedules for Rabi experiment gndexc_schedules = [] gndexc_schedule_LOs = [] pi_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=pi_amp, sigma=drive_sigma, name='pi_pulse'.format(ii)) pi_pulse_qubit = pi_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) # ground state schedule gnd_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="ground state") gnd_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << gnd_schedule.duration thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) # excited state schedule exc_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="excited state") exc_schedule += pi_pulse_qubit exc_schedule += measure_and_acquire_qubit << exc_schedule.duration thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) gndexc_schedules.append(gnd_schedule) gndexc_schedules.append(exc_schedule) gndexc_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) gndexc_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) gndexc_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) gndexc_schedules[1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) gndexc_experiment_qobj = assemble (gndexc_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='single', shots=num_shots_gndexc, schedule_los = gndexc_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(gndexc_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e2c3a61157a0018e22440') gndexc_results = job.result(timeout=3600) gnd_results = gndexc_results.get_memory(0)[:, qubit]*scale_factor exc_results = gndexc_results.get_memory(1)[:, qubit]*scale_factor plotter.scatter(np.real(gnd_results), np.imag(gnd_results), s=5, cmap='viridis',c='blue',alpha=0.5, label='state_0') plotter.scatter(np.real(exc_results), np.imag(exc_results), s=5, cmap='viridis',c='red',alpha=0.5, label='state_1') mean_gnd = np.mean(gnd_results) # takes mean of both real and imaginary parts mean_exc = np.mean(exc_results) plotter.scatter(np.real(mean_gnd), np.imag(mean_gnd), s=200, cmap='viridis',c='blue',alpha=1.0, label='state_0_mean') plotter.scatter(np.real(mean_exc), np.imag(mean_exc), s=200, cmap='viridis',c='red',alpha=1.0, label='state_1_mean') plotter.xlabel('I (a.u.)') plotter.xlabel('Q (a.u.)') def get_01(IQ_data): dist_0 = np.linalg.norm(np.array([ np.real(IQ_data) - np.real(mean_gnd), np.imag(IQ_data) - np.imag(mean_gnd) ])) dist_1 = np.linalg.norm(np.array([ np.real(IQ_data) - np.real(mean_exc), np.imag(IQ_data) - np.imag(mean_exc) ])) if dist_1 <= dist_0: return 1 else: return 0 print(get_01(mean_gnd), get_01(mean_exc)) # T1 experiment parameters time_max_us = 500 time_step_us = 2 times_us = np.arange(1, time_max_us, time_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 512 # drive parameters drive_power = pi_amp print(drive_power) # create schedules for Ramsey experiment T1_schedules = [] T1_schedule_LOs = [] T1_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T1_pulse') T1_pulse_qubit = T1_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="T1 delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule += T1_pulse_qubit this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << int(delay_time_us*1000/dt)) T1_schedules.append(this_schedule) T1_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) T1_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) T1_experiment_qobj = assemble (T1_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = T1_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(T1_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e79ad99a509001888ab09') T1_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = times_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): thisdelay_results = T1_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thisdelay_results[qubit] ) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) from scipy.optimize import curve_fit fit_func2 = lambda x,A,B: (A*np.exp(-x/59.8)+B) #Fit the data fitparams2, conv2 = curve_fit(fit_func2, plot_X, plot_Y, [-1.0,-11]) print(f"T1 from backend = {backend.properties().qubits[qubit][0].value} us") plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func2(plot_X, *fitparams2), color='black') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Delay before measurement, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Measured signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) # Ramsey experiment parameters time_max_us = 100 time_step_us = 0.25 times_us = np.arange(1, time_max_us, time_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 256 # drive parameters drive_power = pi_amp/2 print(drive_power) # create schedules for Ramsey experiment Ramsey_schedules = [] Ramsey_schedule_LOs = [] ramsey_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power, sigma=drive_sigma, name='ramsey_pulse') ramsey_pulse_qubit = ramsey_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: rough_frequency_qubit}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="Ramsey delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule += ramsey_pulse_qubit this_schedule |= (ramsey_pulse_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration+delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << this_schedule.duration) Ramsey_schedules.append(this_schedule) Ramsey_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) Ramsey_schedules[-1].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) ramsey_experiment_qobj = assemble (Ramsey_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = Ramsey_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(ramsey_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2e75dc137af400181be14a') Ramsey_results = job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = times_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): thisdelay_results = Ramsey_results.get_memory(jj)[qubit]*scale_factor plot_Y.append(np.mean(thisdelay_results)) plotter.plot(plot_X, (plot_Y)) from scipy.optimize import curve_fit fit_func = lambda x,A,T,phi,T2p,B: (A*np.exp(-x/T2p)*(np.sin(2*np.pi*x/T+phi))+B) #Fit the data fitparams, conv = curve_fit(fit_func, plot_X, plot_Y, [1.0,10,0,4,34]) #off-resonance component delT = fitparams[1] delf_MHz = 1./(delT) print(f"df = {delf_MHz} MHz") first_peak = (np.pi-fitparams[2])*delT/(2*np.pi) + delT/4 second_peak = first_peak + delT print(f"T2p = {fitparams[3]} us") print(f"T2 from backend = {backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value} us") #get the pi amplitude plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func(plot_X, *fitparams), color='red') plotter.axvline(first_peak, color='black', linestyle='dashed') plotter.axvline(second_peak, color='red', linestyle='dashed') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Ramsey delay, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Ramsey signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) plotter.title('Rough $\Delta$f Calibration', fontsize=20) precise_frequency_qubit_plus = round(rough_frequency_qubit + delf_MHz/1e3, 5) precise_frequency_qubit_minus = round(rough_frequency_qubit - delf_MHz/1e3, 5) print(f"{rough_frequency_qubit}->{precise_frequency_qubit_plus} or {precise_frequency_qubit_minus}") # T2 experiment parameters time_max_us = 125 time_step_us = 0.5 times_us = np.arange(1, time_max_us, time_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 512 # drive parameters drive_power_1 = pi_amp/2 drive_power_2 = pi_amp print(drive_power_1) print(drive_power_2) # create schedules for Ramsey experiment T2_schedules = [] T2_schedule_LOs = [] T2_pulse_pio2 = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_1, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2_pio2_pulse') T2_pulse_pio2_qubit = T2_pulse_pio2(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) T2_pulse_pi = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_2, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2_pi_pulse') T2_pulse_pi_qubit = T2_pulse_pi(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: precise_frequency_qubit_minus}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="T2 delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule |= T2_pulse_pio2_qubit this_schedule |= (T2_pulse_pi_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (T2_pulse_pio2_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration)) T2_schedules.append(this_schedule) T2_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) T2_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) T2_experiment_qobj = assemble (T2_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = T2_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(T2_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) T2job = backend.retrieve_job('5d2f6c0ae741150012334c44') T2_results = T2job.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = 2.*times_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(times_us): thisdelay_results = T2_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thisdelay_results[qubit] ) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) T2y_echo = plot_Y T2x_echo = plot_X from scipy.optimize import curve_fit T2guess = backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value fit_func2 = lambda x,A,B: (A*np.exp(-x/T2guess)+B) #Fit the data fitparams2, conv2 = curve_fit(fit_func2, plot_X, plot_Y, [-2.0,1.0]) print(f"T2 from backend = {backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value} us") plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func2(plot_X, *fitparams2), color='black') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Total time, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Measured signal, a.u.', fontsize=20) # measurement pulse parameters meas_amp = 0.1 meas_samples = 1200 meas_sigma = 4 meas_risefall = 25 # creating measurement pulse meas_pulse = pulse_lib.gaussian_square(duration=meas_samples, amp=meas_amp, sigma=meas_sigma, risefall=meas_risefall, name='mymeasurepulse') meas_pulse_qubit = meas_pulse(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure) # create acquire pulse acq_cmd=pulse.Acquire(duration=meas_samples) acq_cmd_qubit = acq_cmd(backend_devicespec.q, backend_devicespec.mem) # combined measure and acquire pulse measure_and_acquire_qubit = meas_pulse_qubit | acq_cmd_qubit # scalefactor for received data scale_factor = 1e-10 # T2 experiment parameters tau_us_min = 1 tau_us_max = 30 tau_step_us = 0.1 taus_us = np.arange(tau_us_min, tau_us_max, tau_step_us) num_shots_per_point = 512 ncpmg = 10 # drive parameters drive_power_1 = pi_amp/2 drive_power_2 = pi_amp print(f"Total time ranges from {2.*ncpmg*taus_us[0]} to {2.*ncpmg*taus_us[-1]} us") # create schedules for Ramsey experiment T2cpmg_schedules = [] T2cpmg_schedule_LOs = [] T2cpmg_pulse_pio2 = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_1, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2cpmg_pio2_pulse') T2cpmg_pulse_pio2_qubit = T2cpmg_pulse_pio2(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) T2cpmg_pulse_pi = pulse_lib.gaussian(duration=drive_samples, amp=drive_power_2, sigma=drive_sigma, name='T2cpmg_pi_pulse') T2cpmg_pulse_pi_qubit = T2cpmg_pulse_pi(backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive) thisLO = pulse.LoConfig({backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive: precise_frequency_qubit_minus}) for ii, delay_time_us in enumerate(taus_us): # start an empty schedule with a label this_schedule = pulse.Schedule(name="T2cpmg delay = {} us".format(delay_time_us)) this_schedule |= T2cpmg_pulse_pio2_qubit this_schedule |= (T2cpmg_pulse_pi_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) for _ in range(ncpmg-1): this_schedule |= (T2cpmg_pulse_pi_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + 2*delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (T2cpmg_pulse_pio2_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration + delay_time_us*1000/dt)) this_schedule |= (measure_and_acquire_qubit << int(this_schedule.duration)) T2cpmg_schedules.append(this_schedule) T2cpmg_schedule_LOs.append(thisLO) T2cpmg_schedules[0].draw(channels_to_plot=[backend_devicespec.q[qubit].measure, backend_devicespec.q[qubit].drive, #backend_devicespec.q[qubit].acquire, ], scaling=10.0) T2cpmg_experiment_qobj = assemble (T2cpmg_schedules, backend = backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_point, schedule_los = T2cpmg_schedule_LOs ) job = backend.run(T2cpmg_experiment_qobj) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job, monitor_async=True) T2cpmgjob = backend.retrieve_job('5d2f6e1aca4ad70012795340') T2cpmg_results = T2cpmgjob.result(timeout=3600) plot_X = 2.*ncpmg*taus_us plot_Y = [] for jj, delay_time_us in enumerate(taus_us): thisdelay_results = T2cpmg_results.get_memory(jj)*scale_factor plot_Y.append( thisdelay_results[qubit] ) plotter.plot(plot_X, plot_Y) T2y_cpmg = plot_Y T2x_cpmg = plot_X from scipy.optimize import curve_fit T2guess = backend.properties().qubits[qubit][1].value fit_func2 = lambda x,A,B: (A*np.exp(-x/T2guess)+B) #Fit the data fitparams2, conv2 = curve_fit(fit_func2, plot_X, plot_Y, [-2.0,1.0]) print(f"T2 from backend = {T2guess} us") plotter.scatter(plot_X, plot_Y) plotter.plot(plot_X, fit_func2(plot_X, *fitparams2), color='black') plotter.xlim(0, np.max(plot_X)) plotter.xlabel('Total time, ($\mu$s)', fontsize=20) plotter.ylabel('Measured signal, a.u.', fontsize=20)
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qiskit-community
from qiskit import * p = 0.01 P = 3 * p**2 * (1-p) + p**3 print('Probability of a single reply being garbled:',p) print('Probability of a the majority of three replies being garbled:',P) from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors import pauli_error, depolarizing_error def get_noise(p_meas,p_gate): error_meas = pauli_error([('X',p_meas), ('I', 1 - p_meas)]) error_gate1 = depolarizing_error(p_gate, 1) error_gate2 = error_gate1.tensor(error_gate1) noise_model = NoiseModel() noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_meas, "measure") # measurement error is applied to measurements noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_gate1, ["x"]) # single qubit gate error is applied to x gates noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_gate2, ["cx"]) # two qubit gate error is applied to cx gates return noise_model noise_model = get_noise(0.01,0.01) qc0 = QuantumCircuit(3,3,name='0') # initialize circuit with three qubits in the 0 state qc0.measure(qc0.qregs[0],qc0.cregs[0]) # measure the qubits # run the circuit with th noise model and extract the counts counts = execute( qc0, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts() print(counts) qc1 = QuantumCircuit(3,3,name='0') # initialize circuit with three qubits in the 0 state qc1.x(qc1.qregs[0]) # flip each 0 to 1 qc1.measure(qc1.qregs[0],qc1.cregs[0]) # measure the qubits # run the circuit with th noise model and extract the counts counts = execute( qc1, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts() print(counts) noise_model = get_noise(0.5,0.0) counts = execute( qc1, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts() print(counts) from qiskit import * cq = QuantumRegister(2,'code_qubit') lq = QuantumRegister(1,'ancilla_qubit') sb = ClassicalRegister(1,'syndrome_bit') qc = QuantumCircuit(cq,lq,sb) qc.cx(cq[0],lq[0]) qc.cx(cq[1],lq[0]) qc.measure(lq,sb) print(qc) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) qc_init.x(cq) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) qc_init.h(cq[0]) qc_init.cx(cq[0],cq[1]) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) qc_init = QuantumCircuit(cq) qc_init.h(cq[0]) qc_init.cx(cq[0],cq[1]) qc_init.x(cq[0]) print(qc_init+qc) counts = execute( qc_init+qc, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=10000).result().get_counts() print('\nResults:',counts) from qiskit.ignis.verification.topological_codes import RepetitionCode from qiskit.ignis.verification.topological_codes import lookuptable_decoding n = 3 T = 1 code = RepetitionCode(n,T) code.qubit_registers code.code_qubit for log in ['0','1']: print('\n========= logical',log,'=========\n') print( code.circuit[log] ) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(n,4) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(5,4) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(n,4) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') ) for log in ['0','1']: print('\nLogical',log,':',job.result().get_counts(log)) code = RepetitionCode(3,1) noise_model = get_noise(0.2,0.2) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model ) raw_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: raw_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) print('\n========= logical',log,'=========\n') print(raw_results[log]) job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model, shots=10000 ) table_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: table_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) P = lookuptable_decoding(raw_results,table_results) print('P =',P) code = RepetitionCode(3,1) noise_model = get_noise(0.1,0.1) circuits = code.get_circuit_list() job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model ) raw_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: raw_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) job = execute( circuits, Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'), noise_model=noise_model, shots=10000 ) table_results = {} for log in ['0','1']: table_results[log] = job.result().get_counts(log) P = lookuptable_decoding(raw_results,table_results) print('P =',P)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors import pauli_error, depolarizing_error def get_noise(p): error_meas = pauli_error([('X',p), ('I', 1 - p)]) noise_model = NoiseModel() noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(error_meas, "measure") # measurement error is applied to measurements return noise_model noise_model = get_noise(0.01) for state in ['00','01','10','11']: qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) if state[0]=='1': qc.x(1) if state[1]=='1': qc.x(0) qc.measure(qc.qregs[0],qc.cregs[0]) print(state+' becomes', execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts()) qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(qc.qregs[0],qc.cregs[0]) print(execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),noise_model=noise_model,shots=10000).result().get_counts()) import numpy as np M = [[0.9808,0.0107,0.0095,0.0001], [0.0095,0.9788,0.0001,0.0107], [0.0096,0.0002,0.9814,0.0087], [0.0001,0.0103,0.0090,0.9805]] Cideal = [[0], [5000], [5000], [0]] Cnoisy = np.dot( M, Cideal) print('C_noisy =\n',Cnoisy) import scipy.linalg as la M = [[0.9808,0.0107,0.0095,0.0001], [0.0095,0.9788,0.0001,0.0107], [0.0096,0.0002,0.9814,0.0087], [0.0001,0.0103,0.0090,0.9805]] Minv = la.pinv(M) print(Minv) Cmitigated = np.dot( Minv, Cnoisy) print('C_mitigated =\n',Cmitigated) from qiskit.ignis.mitigation.measurement import (complete_meas_cal,CompleteMeasFitter) qr = qiskit.QuantumRegister(2) meas_calibs, state_labels = complete_meas_cal(qr=qr, circlabel='mcal') for circuit in meas_calibs: print('Circuit',circuit.name) print(circuit) print() # Execute the calibration circuits without noise backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = qiskit.execute(meas_calibs, backend=backend, shots=1000) cal_results = job.result() meas_fitter = CompleteMeasFitter(cal_results, state_labels, circlabel='mcal') print(meas_fitter.cal_matrix) noise_model = get_noise(0.1) backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = qiskit.execute(meas_calibs, backend=backend, shots=1000, noise_model=noise_model) cal_results = job.result() meas_fitter = CompleteMeasFitter(cal_results, state_labels, circlabel='mcal') print(meas_fitter.cal_matrix) qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(qc.qregs[0],qc.cregs[0]) results = qiskit.execute(qc, backend=backend, shots=10000, noise_model=noise_model).result() noisy_counts = results.get_counts() print(noisy_counts) # Get the filter object meas_filter = meas_fitter.filter # Results with mitigation mitigated_results = meas_filter.apply(results) mitigated_counts = mitigated_results.get_counts(0) from qiskit.tools.visualization import * plot_histogram([noisy_counts, mitigated_counts], legend=['noisy', 'mitigated'])
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#Import general libraries (needed for functions) import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #Import Qiskit classes classes import qiskit from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import depolarizing_error, thermal_relaxation_error #Import the qv function. import qiskit.ignis.verification.quantum_volume as qv # qubit_lists: list of list of qubit subsets to generate QV circuits qubit_lists = [[0,1,3],[0,1,3,5],[0,1,3,5,7],[0,1,3,5,7,10]] # ntrials: Number of random circuits to create for each subset ntrials = 50 qv_circs, qv_circs_nomeas = qv.qv_circuits(qubit_lists, ntrials) #pass the first trial of the nomeas through the transpiler to illustrate the circuit qv_circs_nomeas[0] = qiskit.compiler.transpile(qv_circs_nomeas[0], basis_gates=['u1','u2','u3','cx']) print(qv_circs_nomeas[0][0]) #The Unitary is an identity (with a global phase) backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') ideal_results = [] for trial in range(ntrials): print('Simulating trial %d'%trial) ideal_results.append(qiskit.execute(qv_circs_nomeas[trial], backend=backend).result()) qv_fitter = qv.QVFitter(qubit_lists=qubit_lists) qv_fitter.add_statevectors(ideal_results) for qubit_list in qubit_lists: l = len(qubit_list) print ('qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0:', qv_fitter._heavy_outputs['qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0']) for qubit_list in qubit_lists: l = len(qubit_list) print ('qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0:', qv_fitter._heavy_output_prob_ideal['qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0']) noise_model = NoiseModel() p1Q = 0.002 p2Q = 0.02 noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(p1Q, 1), 'u2') noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(2*p1Q, 1), 'u3') noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(p2Q, 2), 'cx') #noise_model = None backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') basis_gates = ['u1','u2','u3','cx'] # use U,CX for now shots = 1024 exp_results = [] for trial in range(ntrials): print('Running trial %d'%trial) exp_results.append(qiskit.execute(qv_circs[trial], basis_gates=basis_gates, backend=backend, noise_model=noise_model, backend_options={'max_parallel_experiments': 0}).result()) qv_fitter.add_data(exp_results) for qubit_list in qubit_lists: l = len(qubit_list) #print (qv_fitter._heavy_output_counts) print ('qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0:', qv_fitter._heavy_output_counts['qv_depth_'+str(l)+'_trial_0']) plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6)) ax = plt.gca() # Plot the essence by calling plot_rb_data qv_fitter.plot_qv_data(ax=ax, show_plt=False) # Add title and label ax.set_title('Quantum Volume for up to %d Qubits \n and %d Trials'%(len(qubit_lists[-1]), ntrials), fontsize=18) plt.show() qv_success_list = qv_fitter.qv_success() qv_list = qv_fitter.ydata QV = 1 for qidx, qubit_list in enumerate(qubit_lists): if qv_list[0][qidx]>2/3: if qv_success_list[qidx][0]: print("Width/depth %d greater than 2/3 (%f) with confidence %f (successful). Quantum volume %d"% (len(qubit_list),qv_list[0][qidx],qv_success_list[qidx][1],qv_fitter.quantum_volume()[qidx])) QV = qv_fitter.quantum_volume()[qidx] else: print("Width/depth %d greater than 2/3 (%f) with confidence %f (unsuccessful)."% (len(qubit_list),qv_list[0][qidx],qv_success_list[qidx][1])) else: print("Width/depth %d less than 2/3 (unsuccessful)."%len(qubit_list)) print ("The Quantum Volume is:", QV)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
#Import general libraries (needed for functions) import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from IPython import display #Import the RB Functions import qiskit.ignis.verification.randomized_benchmarking as rb #Import Qiskit classes import qiskit from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import depolarizing_error, thermal_relaxation_error #Generate RB circuits (2Q RB) #number of qubits nQ=2 rb_opts = {} #Number of Cliffords in the sequence rb_opts['length_vector'] = [1, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200] #Number of seeds (random sequences) rb_opts['nseeds'] = 5 #Default pattern rb_opts['rb_pattern'] = [[0,1]] rb_circs, xdata = rb.randomized_benchmarking_seq(**rb_opts) print(rb_circs[0][0]) # Create a new circuit without the measurement qregs = rb_circs[0][-1].qregs cregs = rb_circs[0][-1].cregs qc = qiskit.QuantumCircuit(*qregs, *cregs) for i in rb_circs[0][-1][0:-nQ]: qc.data.append(i) # The Unitary is an identity (with a global phase) backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') basis_gates = ['u1','u2','u3','cx'] # use U,CX for now job = qiskit.execute(qc, backend=backend, basis_gates=basis_gates) print(np.around(job.result().get_unitary(),3)) # Run on a noisy simulator noise_model = NoiseModel() # Depolarizing_error dp = 0.005 noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(dp, 1), ['u1', 'u2', 'u3']) noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(2*dp, 2), 'cx') backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Create the RB fitter backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') basis_gates = ['u1','u2','u3','cx'] shots = 200 qobj_list = [] rb_fit = rb.RBFitter(None, xdata, rb_opts['rb_pattern']) for rb_seed,rb_circ_seed in enumerate(rb_circs): print('Compiling seed %d'%rb_seed) new_rb_circ_seed = qiskit.compiler.transpile(rb_circ_seed, basis_gates=basis_gates) qobj = qiskit.compiler.assemble(new_rb_circ_seed, shots=shots) print('Simulating seed %d'%rb_seed) job = backend.run(qobj, noise_model=noise_model, backend_options={'max_parallel_experiments': 0}) qobj_list.append(qobj) # Add data to the fitter rb_fit.add_data(job.result()) print('After seed %d, alpha: %f, EPC: %f'%(rb_seed,rb_fit.fit[0]['params'][1], rb_fit.fit[0]['epc'])) plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6)) ax = plt.subplot(1, 1, 1) # Plot the essence by calling plot_rb_data rb_fit.plot_rb_data(0, ax=ax, add_label=True, show_plt=False) # Add title and label ax.set_title('%d Qubit RB'%(nQ), fontsize=18) plt.show() #Count the number of single and 2Q gates in the 2Q Cliffords gates_per_cliff = rb.rb_utils.gates_per_clifford(qobj_list, xdata[0],basis_gates, rb_opts['rb_pattern'][0]) for i in range(len(basis_gates)): print("Number of %s gates per Clifford: %f"%(basis_gates[i], np.mean([gates_per_cliff[0][i],gates_per_cliff[1][i]]))) # Prepare lists of the number of qubits and the errors ngates = np.zeros(7) ngates[0:3] = gates_per_cliff[0][0:3] ngates[3:6] = gates_per_cliff[1][0:3] ngates[6] = gates_per_cliff[0][3] gate_qubits = np.array([0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, -1], dtype=int) gate_errs = np.zeros(len(gate_qubits)) gate_errs[[1, 4]] = dp/2 #convert from depolarizing error to epg (1Q) gate_errs[[2, 5]] = 2*dp/2 #convert from depolarizing error to epg (1Q) gate_errs[6] = dp*3/4 #convert from depolarizing error to epg (2Q) #Calculate the predicted epc pred_epc = rb.rb_utils.twoQ_clifford_error(ngates,gate_qubits,gate_errs) print("Predicted 2Q Error per Clifford: %e"%pred_epc)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
import numpy as np from qiskit import * from qiskit.tools.jupyter import * %matplotlib inline IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(group='open') provider.backends(simulator=False) backend = provider.get_backend('ibmqx4') backend.configuration().basis_gates qr = QuantumRegister(2, 'q') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'c') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.x(qr[1]) qc.cu1(np.pi/4, qr[0], qr[1]) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) qc.draw(output='mpl') qr = QuantumRegister(2, 'q') cr = ClassicalRegister(1, 'c') qc_basis = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) # Hadamard in U2 format qc_basis.u2(0, np.pi, qr[0]) # X gate in U3 format qc_basis.u3(np.pi, 0, np.pi, qr[1]) # Decomposition for controlled-U1 with lambda=pi/4 qc_basis.u1(np.pi/8, qr[0]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/8, qr[1]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/8, qr[1]) # Hadamard in U2 format qc_basis.u2(0, np.pi, qr[0]) qc_basis.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) qc_basis.draw(output='mpl') print(qc.depth(), ',', qc_basis.depth()) qr = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr) qc.ccx(qr[0], qr[1], qr[2]) qc.draw(output='mpl') qr = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') qc_basis = QuantumCircuit(qr) qc_basis.u2(0,np.pi, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[2]) qc_basis.u1(np.pi/4, qr[0]) qc_basis.u1(-np.pi/4, qr[1]) qc_basis.u2(0,np.pi, qr[2]) qc_basis.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc_basis.draw(output='mpl') qr = QuantumRegister(5, 'q') cr = ClassicalRegister(5, 'c') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[4]) qc.cx(qr[4], qr[3]) qc.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) qc.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmqx4') from qiskit.visualization.gate_map import plot_gate_map plot_gate_map(backend, plot_directed=True)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram n = 8 n_q = 8 n_b = 8 qc_output = QuantumCircuit(n_q,n_b) for j in range(n): qc_output.measure(j,j) qc_output.draw(output='mpl') counts = execute(qc_output,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_encode = QuantumCircuit(n) qc_encode.x(7) qc_encode.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_encode + qc_output qc.draw(output='mpl',justify='none') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_encode = QuantumCircuit(n) qc_encode.x(1) qc_encode.x(5) qc_encode.draw(output='mpl') qc_cnot = QuantumCircuit(2) qc_cnot.cx(0,1) qc_cnot.draw(output='mpl') qc = QuantumCircuit(2,2) qc.x(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.measure(0,0) qc.measure(1,1) qc.draw(output='mpl') qc_ha = QuantumCircuit(4,2) # encode inputs in qubits 0 and 1 qc_ha.x(0) # For a=0, remove this line. For a=1, leave it. qc_ha.x(1) # For b=0, remove this line. For b=1, leave it. qc_ha.barrier() # use cnots to write the XOR of the inputs on qubit 2 qc_ha.cx(0,2) qc_ha.cx(1,2) qc_ha.barrier() # extract outputs qc_ha.measure(2,0) # extract XOR value qc_ha.measure(3,0) qc_ha.draw(output='mpl') qc_ha = QuantumCircuit(4,2) # encode inputs in qubits 0 and 1 qc_ha.x(0) # For a=0, remove the this line. For a=1, leave it. qc_ha.x(1) # For b=0, remove the this line. For b=1, leave it. qc_ha.barrier() # use cnots to write the XOR of the inputs on qubit 2 qc_ha.cx(0,2) qc_ha.cx(1,2) # use ccx to write the AND of the inputs on qubit 3 qc_ha.ccx(0,1,3) qc_ha.barrier() # extract outputs qc_ha.measure(2,0) # extract XOR value qc_ha.measure(3,1) # extract AND value qc_ha.draw(output='mpl') counts = execute(qc_ha,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_vector qc = QuantumCircuit(1) # z measurement of qubit 0 measure_z = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_z.measure(0,0); # x measurement of qubit 0 measure_x = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_x.h(0) measure_x.measure(0,0) # y measurement of qubit 0 measure_y = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_y.sdg(0) measure_y.h(0) measure_y.measure(0,0); shots = 2**14 # number of samples used for statistics bloch_vector = [] for measure_circuit in [measure_x, measure_y, measure_z]: # run the circuit with a the selected measurement and get the number of samples that output each bit value counts = execute(qc+measure_circuit,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots).result().get_counts() # calculate the probabilities for each bit value probs = {} for output in ['0','1']: if output in counts: probs[output] = counts[output]/shots else: probs[output] = 0 bloch_vector.append( probs['0'] - probs['1'] ) plot_bloch_vector( bloch_vector )
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * # set up circuit (no measurements required) qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.h(1) qc.rz(3.14/4,1) # set up simulator that returns statevectors backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') # run the circuit to get the state vector state = execute(qc,backend).result().get_statevector() # now we use some fanciness to display it in latex from IPython.display import display, Markdown, Latex def state2latex(state): state_latex = '\\begin{pmatrix}' for amplitude in state: state_latex += str(amplitude) + '\\\\' state_latex = state_latex[0:-4] state_latex += '\end{pmatrix}' display(Markdown(state_latex)) state2latex(state)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram measure_z = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_z.measure(0,0) measure_z.draw(output='mpl') measure_x = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_x.h(0) measure_x.measure(0,0) measure_x.draw(output='mpl') qc_0 = QuantumCircuit(1) qc_0.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_0 + measure_z print('Results for z measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc = qc_0 + measure_x print('Results for x measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_plus = QuantumCircuit(1) qc_plus.h(0) qc_plus.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_plus + measure_z qc.draw() print('Results for z measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc = qc_plus + measure_x print('Results for x measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_y = QuantumCircuit(1) qc_y.ry( -3.14159/4,0) qc_y.draw(output='mpl') qc = qc_y + measure_z print('Results for z measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc = qc_y + measure_x print('\nResults for x measurement:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) qc_hardy = QuantumCircuit(2) qc_hardy.ry(1.911,1) qc_hardy.cx(1,0) qc_hardy.ry(0.785,0) qc_hardy.cx(1,0) qc_hardy.ry(2.356,0) qc_hardy.draw(output='mpl') measurements = QuantumCircuit(2,2) # z measurement on both qubits measurements.measure(0,0) measurements.measure(1,1) qc = qc_hardy + measurements print('\nResults for two z measurements:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) measurements = QuantumCircuit(2,2) # x measurement on qubit 0 measurements.h(0) measurements.measure(0,0) # z measurement on qubit 1 measurements.measure(1,1) qc = qc_hardy + measurements print('\nResults for two x measurement on qubit 0 and z measurement on qubit 1:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) measurements = QuantumCircuit(2,2) measurements.h(0) measurements.measure(0,0) measurements.h(1) measurements.measure(1,1) qc = qc_hardy + measurements print('\nResults for two x measurement on both qubits:') counts = execute(qc,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')).result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from qiskit import * # z measurement of qubit 0 measure_z = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_z.measure(0,0); # x measurement of qubit 0 measure_x = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_x.h(0) measure_x.measure(0,0); qc = QuantumCircuit(1) qc.h(0) # the hadamard qc.x(0) # x gate qc.y(0) # y gate qc.z(0) # z gate # for the following, replace theta by any number theta = 3.14159/4 qc.ry(theta,0); # y axis rotation shots = 2**14 # number of samples used for statistics uncertainty = 0 for measure_circuit in [measure_z, measure_x]: # run the circuit with a the selected measurement and get the number of samples that output each bit value counts = execute(qc+measure_circuit,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots).result().get_counts() # calculate the probabilities for each bit value probs = {} for output in ['0','1']: if output in counts: probs[output] = counts[output]/shots else: probs[output] = 0 uncertainty += ( probs['0'] - probs['1'] )**2 # print the total uncertainty print('The total uncertainty is',uncertainty ) # for the following, replace theta by any number theta = 3.14159/2 qc.rx(theta,0); # x axis rotation # y measurement of qubit 0 measure_y = QuantumCircuit(1,1) measure_y.sdg(0) measure_y.h(0) measure_y.measure(0,0); shots = 2**14 # number of samples used for statistics uncertainty = 0 for measure_circuit in [measure_z, measure_x, measure_y]: # run the circuit with a the selected measurement and get the number of samples that output each bit value counts = execute(qc+measure_circuit,Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator'),shots=shots).result().get_counts() # calculate the probabilities for each bit value probs = {} for output in ['0','1']: if output in counts: probs[output] = counts[output]/shots else: probs[output] = 0 uncertainty += ( probs['0'] - probs['1'] )**2 # print the total uncertainty print('The total uncertainty is',uncertainty )
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2019, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. """ Example use of the JKU Provider and the Qasm Simulator backend for creating a Bell state """ from qiskit import ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit_jku_provider import JKUProvider JKU = JKUProvider() qubits_num = 2 qr = QuantumRegister(qubits_num) cr = ClassicalRegister(qubits_num) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc.measure(qr, cr) jku_backend = JKU.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute(qc, backend=jku_backend, shots=1000, seed=42) result = job.result() print(result.get_counts())
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2019, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. """Usage examples for the JKU Provider""" from qiskit import ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit_jku_provider import JKUProvider JKU = JKUProvider() jku_backend = JKU.get_backend('qasm_simulator') print(jku_backend) # gets the name of the backend. print(jku_backend.name()) # gets the status of the backend. print(jku_backend.status()) # returns the provider of the backend print(jku_backend.provider()) # gets the configuration of the backend. print(jku_backend.configuration()) # gets the properties of the backend. print(jku_backend.properties()) # Demonstration of Job qr = QuantumRegister(2) cr = ClassicalRegister(2) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc.measure(qr, cr) job = execute(qc, backend=jku_backend) # gets the backend the job was run on backend = job.backend() print(backend) # returns the status of the job. Should be running print(job.status()) # returns the obj that was run qobj = job.qobj() print(qobj) # prints the job id print(job.job_id()) # cancels the job print(job.cancel()) # returns the status of the job. Should be canceled print(job.status()) # runs the qjob on the backend job2 = backend.run(qobj) # gets the result of the job. This is a blocker print(job2.result())
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2019, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. """ Example use of the JKU Provider and the Qasm Simulator backend for creating the state '01 10'. """ from qiskit import ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit_jku_provider import JKUProvider JKU = JKUProvider() qreg0 = QuantumRegister(2, 'q0') creg0 = ClassicalRegister(2, 'c0') qreg1 = QuantumRegister(2, 'q1') creg1 = ClassicalRegister(2, 'c1') circ = QuantumCircuit(qreg0, qreg1) circ.x(qreg0[1]) circ.x(qreg1[0]) meas = QuantumCircuit(qreg0, qreg1, creg0, creg1) meas.measure(qreg0, creg0) meas.measure(qreg1, creg1) qc = circ + meas backend_sim = JKU.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute(qc, backend_sim) result = job.result() counts = result.get_counts(qc) print(counts)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2018, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. """ Exception for errors raised by JKU simulator. """ from qiskit import QiskitError class JKUSimulatorError(QiskitError): """Class for errors raised by the JKU simulator.""" def __init__(self, *message): """Set the error message.""" super().__init__(*message) self.message = ' '.join(message) def __str__(self): """Return the message.""" return repr(self.message)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2021. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """ pauli common functions """ import logging import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister from qiskit.algorithms import AlgorithmError from qiskit.circuit import Parameter, ParameterExpression from qiskit.qasm import pi from qiskit.quantum_info import Pauli # pylint: disable=unused-import logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments,too-many-branches,too-many-locals def pauli_measurement(circuit, pauli, qreg, creg, barrier=False): """ Add the proper post-rotation gate on the circuit. Args: circuit (QuantumCircuit): the circuit to be modified. pauli (Pauli): the pauli will be added. qreg (QuantumRegister): the quantum register associated with the circuit. creg (ClassicalRegister): the classical register associated with the circuit. barrier (bool, optional): whether or not add barrier before measurement. Returns: QuantumCircuit: the original circuit object with post-rotation gate """ num_qubits = pauli.num_qubits for qubit_idx in range(num_qubits): if pauli.x[qubit_idx]: if pauli.z[qubit_idx]: # Measure Y circuit.sdg(qreg[qubit_idx]) # sdg circuit.h(qreg[qubit_idx]) # h else: # Measure X circuit.h(qreg[qubit_idx]) # h if barrier: circuit.barrier(qreg[qubit_idx]) circuit.measure(qreg[qubit_idx], creg[qubit_idx]) return circuit def measure_pauli_z(data, pauli): """ Appropriate post-rotations on the state are assumed. Args: data (dict): a dictionary of the form data = {'00000': 10} ({str: int}) pauli (Pauli): a Pauli object Returns: float: Expected value of paulis given data """ observable = 0.0 num_shots = sum(data.values()) p_z_or_x = np.logical_or(pauli.z, pauli.x) for key, value in data.items(): bitstr = np.asarray(list(key))[::-1].astype(int).astype(bool) # pylint: disable=no-member sign = -1.0 if np.logical_xor.reduce(np.logical_and(bitstr, p_z_or_x)) else 1.0 observable += sign * value observable /= num_shots return observable def covariance(data, pauli_1, pauli_2, avg_1, avg_2): """ Compute the covariance matrix element between two Paulis, given the measurement outcome. Appropriate post-rotations on the state are assumed. Args: data (dict): a dictionary of the form data = {'00000': 10} ({str:int}) pauli_1 (Pauli): a Pauli class member pauli_2 (Pauli): a Pauli class member avg_1 (float): expectation value of pauli_1 on `data` avg_2 (float): expectation value of pauli_2 on `data` Returns: float: the element of the covariance matrix between two Paulis """ cov = 0.0 num_shots = sum(data.values()) if num_shots == 1: return cov p1_z_or_x = np.logical_or(pauli_1.z, pauli_1.x) p2_z_or_x = np.logical_or(pauli_2.z, pauli_2.x) for key, value in data.items(): bitstr = np.asarray(list(key))[::-1].astype(int).astype(bool) # pylint: disable=no-member sign_1 = ( -1.0 if np.logical_xor.reduce(np.logical_and(bitstr, p1_z_or_x)) else 1.0 ) sign_2 = ( -1.0 if np.logical_xor.reduce(np.logical_and(bitstr, p2_z_or_x)) else 1.0 ) cov += (sign_1 - avg_1) * (sign_2 - avg_2) * value cov /= num_shots - 1 return cov # pylint: disable=invalid-name def suzuki_expansion_slice_pauli_list(pauli_list, lam_coef, expansion_order): """ Compute the list of pauli terms for a single slice of the suzuki expansion following the paper https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0508139.pdf. Args: pauli_list (list[list[complex, Pauli]]): The slice's weighted Pauli list for the suzuki expansion lam_coef (float): The parameter lambda as defined in said paper, adjusted for the evolution time and the number of time slices expansion_order (int): The order for suzuki expansion Returns: list: slice pauli list """ if expansion_order == 1: half = [[lam_coef / 2 * c, p] for c, p in pauli_list] res = half + list(reversed(half)) else: p_k = (4 - 4 ** (1 / (2 * expansion_order - 1))) ** -1 side_base = suzuki_expansion_slice_pauli_list( pauli_list, lam_coef * p_k, expansion_order - 1 ) side = side_base * 2 middle = suzuki_expansion_slice_pauli_list( pauli_list, lam_coef * (1 - 4 * p_k), expansion_order - 1 ) res = side + middle + side return res def check_commutativity(op_1, op_2, anti=False): """ Check the (anti-)commutativity between two operators. Args: op_1 (WeightedPauliOperator): operator op_2 (WeightedPauliOperator): operator anti (bool): if True, check anti-commutativity, otherwise check commutativity. Returns: bool: whether or not two operators are commuted or anti-commuted. """ com = op_1 * op_2 - op_2 * op_1 if not anti else op_1 * op_2 + op_2 * op_1 com.simplify() return bool(com.is_empty()) # pylint: disable=too-many-statements def evolution_instruction( pauli_list, evo_time, num_time_slices, controlled=False, power=1, use_basis_gates=True, shallow_slicing=False, barrier=False, ): """ Construct the evolution circuit according to the supplied specification. Args: pauli_list (list([[complex, Pauli]])): The list of pauli terms corresponding to a single time slice to be evolved evo_time (Union(complex, float, Parameter, ParameterExpression)): The evolution time num_time_slices (int): The number of time slices for the expansion controlled (bool, optional): Controlled circuit or not power (int, optional): The power to which the unitary operator is to be raised use_basis_gates (bool, optional): boolean flag for indicating only using basis gates when building circuit. shallow_slicing (bool, optional): boolean flag for indicating using shallow qc.data reference repetition for slicing barrier (bool, optional): whether or not add barrier for every slice Returns: Instruction: The Instruction corresponding to specified evolution. Raises: AlgorithmError: power must be an integer and greater or equal to 1 ValueError: Unrecognized pauli """ if not isinstance(power, int) or power < 1: raise AlgorithmError("power must be an integer and greater or equal to 1.") state_registers = QuantumRegister(pauli_list[0][1].num_qubits) if controlled: inst_name = f"Controlled-Evolution^{power}" ancillary_registers = QuantumRegister(1) qc_slice = QuantumCircuit(state_registers, ancillary_registers, name=inst_name) else: inst_name = f"Evolution^{power}" qc_slice = QuantumCircuit(state_registers, name=inst_name) # for each pauli [IXYZ]+, record the list of qubit pairs needing CX's cnot_qubit_pairs = [None] * len(pauli_list) # for each pauli [IXYZ]+, record the highest index of the nontrivial pauli gate (X,Y, or Z) top_xyz_pauli_indices = [-1] * len(pauli_list) for pauli_idx, pauli in enumerate(reversed(pauli_list)): n_qubits = pauli[1].num_qubits # changes bases if necessary nontrivial_pauli_indices = [] for qubit_idx in range(n_qubits): # pauli I if not pauli[1].z[qubit_idx] and not pauli[1].x[qubit_idx]: continue if cnot_qubit_pairs[pauli_idx] is None: nontrivial_pauli_indices.append(qubit_idx) if pauli[1].x[qubit_idx]: # pauli X if not pauli[1].z[qubit_idx]: if use_basis_gates: qc_slice.h(state_registers[qubit_idx]) else: qc_slice.h(state_registers[qubit_idx]) # pauli Y elif pauli[1].z[qubit_idx]: if use_basis_gates: qc_slice.u(pi / 2, -pi / 2, pi / 2, state_registers[qubit_idx]) else: qc_slice.rx(pi / 2, state_registers[qubit_idx]) # pauli Z elif pauli[1].z[qubit_idx] and not pauli[1].x[qubit_idx]: pass else: raise ValueError(f"Unrecognized pauli: {pauli[1]}") if nontrivial_pauli_indices: top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx] = nontrivial_pauli_indices[-1] # insert lhs cnot gates if cnot_qubit_pairs[pauli_idx] is None: cnot_qubit_pairs[pauli_idx] = list( zip( sorted(nontrivial_pauli_indices)[:-1], sorted(nontrivial_pauli_indices)[1:], ) ) for pair in cnot_qubit_pairs[pauli_idx]: qc_slice.cx(state_registers[pair[0]], state_registers[pair[1]]) # insert Rz gate if top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx] >= 0: # Because Parameter does not support complexity number operation; thus, we do # the following tricks to generate parameterized instruction. # We assume the coefficient in the pauli is always real. and can not do imaginary time # evolution if isinstance(evo_time, (Parameter, ParameterExpression)): lam = 2.0 * pauli[0] / num_time_slices lam = lam.real if lam.imag == 0 else lam lam = lam * evo_time else: lam = (2.0 * pauli[0] * evo_time / num_time_slices).real if not controlled: if use_basis_gates: qc_slice.p(lam, state_registers[top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx]]) else: qc_slice.rz(lam, state_registers[top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx]]) else: if use_basis_gates: qc_slice.p( lam / 2, state_registers[top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx]] ) qc_slice.cx( ancillary_registers[0], state_registers[top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx]], ) qc_slice.p( -lam / 2, state_registers[top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx]] ) qc_slice.cx( ancillary_registers[0], state_registers[top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx]], ) else: qc_slice.crz( lam, ancillary_registers[0], state_registers[top_xyz_pauli_indices[pauli_idx]], ) # insert rhs cnot gates for pair in reversed(cnot_qubit_pairs[pauli_idx]): qc_slice.cx(state_registers[pair[0]], state_registers[pair[1]]) # revert bases if necessary for qubit_idx in range(n_qubits): if pauli[1].x[qubit_idx]: # pauli X if not pauli[1].z[qubit_idx]: if use_basis_gates: qc_slice.h(state_registers[qubit_idx]) else: qc_slice.h(state_registers[qubit_idx]) # pauli Y elif pauli[1].z[qubit_idx]: if use_basis_gates: qc_slice.u(-pi / 2, -pi / 2, pi / 2, state_registers[qubit_idx]) else: qc_slice.rx(-pi / 2, state_registers[qubit_idx]) # repeat the slice if shallow_slicing: logger.info( "Under shallow slicing mode, the qc.data reference is repeated shallowly. " "Thus, changing gates of one slice of the output circuit might affect " "other slices." ) if barrier: qc_slice.barrier(state_registers) qc_slice.data *= num_time_slices * power qc = qc_slice else: qc = QuantumCircuit(*qc_slice.qregs, name=inst_name) for _ in range(num_time_slices * power): qc.append(qc_slice, qc.qubits) if barrier: qc.barrier(state_registers) return qc.to_instruction()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2019, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. """Test JKU backend.""" from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister from qiskit import execute from qiskit_jku_provider import QasmSimulator from .common import QiskitTestCase class JKUBackendTestCase(QiskitTestCase): """Tests for the JKU backend.""" def setUp(self): super().setUp() self.backend = QasmSimulator(silent=True) def test_configuration(self): """Test backend.configuration().""" configuration = self.backend.configuration() return configuration def test_properties(self): """Test backend.properties().""" properties = self.backend.properties() self.assertEqual(properties, None) def test_status(self): """Test backend.status().""" status = self.backend.status() return status def test_run_circuit(self): """Test running a single circuit.""" result = execute(bell(), self.backend, seed_transpiler=34342).result() self.assertEqual(result.success, True) return result def bell(): """Return a Bell circuit.""" qr = QuantumRegister(2, name='qr') cr = ClassicalRegister(2, name='qc') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr, name='bell') qc.h(qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc.measure(qr, cr) return qc
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2018, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. # pylint: disable=missing-docstring,broad-except import unittest from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister from qiskit import execute from .common import QiskitTestCase from qiskit_jku_provider import QasmSimulator class JKUSnapshotTest(QiskitTestCase): """Test JKU's statevector return capatbilities.""" def setUp(self): super().setUp() self.backend = QasmSimulator(silent=True) qr = QuantumRegister(2) self.q_circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) self.q_circuit.h(qr[0]) self.q_circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) def test_statevector_output(self): """Test final state vector for single circuit run.""" result = execute(self.q_circuit, backend=self.backend).result() self.assertEqual(result.success, True) actual = result.get_statevector(self.q_circuit) # state is 1/sqrt(2)|00> + 1/sqrt(2)|11>, up to a global phase self.assertAlmostEqual((abs(actual[0]))**2, 1/2, places=5) self.assertEqual(actual[1], 0) self.assertEqual(actual[2], 0) self.assertAlmostEqual((abs(actual[3]))**2, 1/2, places=5) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2018, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. # pylint: disable=unused-import # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin """Test Qiskit's QuantumCircuit class for multiple registers.""" from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit import execute from qiskit.quantum_info import state_fidelity, basis_state from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase from qiskit_jku_provider import QasmSimulator class TestCircuitMultiRegs(QiskitTestCase): """QuantumCircuit Qasm tests.""" def test_circuit_multi(self): """Test circuit multi regs declared at start. """ qreg0 = QuantumRegister(2, 'q0') creg0 = ClassicalRegister(2, 'c0') qreg1 = QuantumRegister(2, 'q1') creg1 = ClassicalRegister(2, 'c1') circ = QuantumCircuit(qreg0, qreg1) circ.x(qreg0[1]) circ.x(qreg1[0]) meas = QuantumCircuit(qreg0, qreg1, creg0, creg1) meas.measure(qreg0, creg0) meas.measure(qreg1, creg1) qc = circ + meas backend_sim = QasmSimulator(silent=True) result = execute(qc, backend_sim, seed_transpiler=34342).result() counts = result.get_counts(qc) target = {'01 10': 1024} result = execute(circ, backend_sim, seed_transpiler=3438).result() state = result.get_statevector(circ) self.assertEqual(counts, target) self.assertAlmostEqual(state_fidelity(basis_state('0110', 4), state), 1.0, places=7)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2017, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. # pylint: disable=missing-docstring,redefined-builtin import unittest import os from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from .common import QiskitTestCase from qiskit_jku_provider import QasmSimulator from qiskit import execute class TestQasmSimulatorJKUBasic(QiskitTestCase): """Runs the Basic qasm_simulator tests from Terra on JKU.""" def setUp(self): self.seed = 88 self.backend = QasmSimulator(silent=True) qasm_filename = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'qasms', 'example.qasm') compiled_circuit = QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_file(qasm_filename) compiled_circuit.name = 'test' self.circuit = compiled_circuit def test_qasm_simulator_single_shot(self): """Test single shot run.""" result = execute(self.circuit, self.backend, seed_transpiler=34342, shots=1).result() self.assertEqual(result.success, True) def test_qasm_simulator(self): """Test data counts output for single circuit run against reference.""" shots = 1024 result = execute(self.circuit, self.backend, seed_transpiler=34342, shots=shots).result() threshold = 0.04 * shots counts = result.get_counts('test') target = {'100 100': shots / 8, '011 011': shots / 8, '101 101': shots / 8, '111 111': shots / 8, '000 000': shots / 8, '010 010': shots / 8, '110 110': shots / 8, '001 001': shots / 8} self.assertDictAlmostEqual(counts, target, threshold) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2018, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. import random import unittest import numpy from scipy.stats import chi2_contingency from qiskit import execute from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit import QuantumRegister from qiskit import ClassicalRegister from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit_jku_provider import QasmSimulator try: global_pq_simulator = QasmSimulator(silent=True) except ImportError: _skip_class = True else: _skip_class = False from ._random_circuit_generator import RandomCircuitGenerator from .common import QiskitTestCase @unittest.skipIf(_skip_class, 'JKU C++ simulator unavailable') class TestQasmSimulatorJKU(QiskitTestCase): """ Test JKU simulator. """ # noinspection PyPep8Naming @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): super().setUpClass() # Set up random circuits n_circuits = 20 min_depth = 1 max_depth = 50 min_qubits = 1 max_qubits = 4 random_circuits = RandomCircuitGenerator(min_qubits=min_qubits, max_qubits=max_qubits, min_depth=min_depth, max_depth=max_depth, seed=None) for _ in range(n_circuits): basis = list(random.sample(random_circuits.op_signature.keys(), random.randint(2, 7))) if 'reset' in basis: basis.remove('reset') if 'u0' in basis: basis.remove('u0') if 'measure' in basis: basis.remove('measure') random_circuits.add_circuits(1, basis=basis) cls.rqg = random_circuits def run_on_simulators(self, qc, pq_simulator, qk_simulator, shots, seed): job_pq = execute(qc, pq_simulator, shots=shots, seed_simulator=seed) job_qk = execute(qc, qk_simulator, shots=shots, seed_simulator=seed) counts_pq = job_pq.result().get_counts() counts_qk = job_qk.result().get_counts() states = counts_qk.keys() | counts_pq.keys() # contingency table ctable = numpy.array([[counts_pq.get(key, 0) for key in states], [counts_qk.get(key, 0) for key in states]]) result = chi2_contingency(ctable) return counts_pq, counts_qk, result def test_gate_x(self): shots = 100 qr = QuantumRegister(1) cr = ClassicalRegister(1) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr, name='test_gate_x') qc.x(qr[0]) qc.measure(qr, cr) job = execute(qc, global_pq_simulator, shots=shots) result_pq = job.result(timeout=30) self.assertEqual(result_pq.get_counts(), {'1': shots}) def test_entangle(self): shots = 100 N = 5 qr = QuantumRegister(N) cr = ClassicalRegister(N) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr, name='test_entangle') qc.h(qr[0]) for i in range(1, N): qc.cx(qr[0], qr[i]) qc.measure(qr, cr) timeout = 30 job = execute(qc, global_pq_simulator, shots=shots) result = job.result(timeout=timeout) counts = result.get_counts() self.log.info(counts) for key, _ in counts.items(): with self.subTest(key=key): self.assertTrue(key in ['0' * N, '1' * N]) def test_output_style(self): qk_simulator = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator', ) qr = QuantumRegister(2) cr = ClassicalRegister(2) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr, name='test_output_order') qc.h(qr[0]) qc.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) qc.measure(qr[1], cr[1]) shots = 100 counts_pq, counts_qk, result = self.run_on_simulators(qc, global_pq_simulator, qk_simulator, shots=shots, seed=1) self.assertGreater(result[1], 0.01) cr1 = ClassicalRegister(1) cr2 = ClassicalRegister(1) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr1, cr2, name='test_output_separation') qc.h(qr[0]) qc.measure(qr[0], cr1[0]) qc.measure(qr[1], cr2[0]) counts_pq, counts_qk, result = self.run_on_simulators(qc, global_pq_simulator, qk_simulator, shots=shots, seed=1) self.log.info('chi2_contingency: %s', str(result)) self.assertGreater(result[1], 0.01) def test_random_circuits(self): qk_simulator = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator', ) for circuit in self.rqg.get_circuits(format_='QuantumCircuit'): self.log.info(circuit.qasm()) shots = 100 job_pq = execute(circuit, global_pq_simulator, shots=shots, seed_simulator=1) job_qk = execute(circuit, qk_simulator, shots=shots, seed_simulator=1) result_pq = job_pq.result() result_qk = job_qk.result() counts_pq = result_pq.get_counts() counts_qk = result_qk.get_counts() self.log.info('local_qasm_simulator_jku: %s', str(counts_pq)) self.log.info('local_qasm_simulator: %s', str(counts_qk)) states = counts_qk.keys() | counts_pq.keys() # contingency table ctable = numpy.array([[counts_pq.get(key, 0) for key in states], [counts_qk.get(key, 0) for key in states]]) result = chi2_contingency(ctable) self.log.info('chi2_contingency: %s', str(result)) with self.subTest(circuit=circuit): self.assertGreater(result[1], 0.01) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main(verbosity=2)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-jku-provider
qiskit-community
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2017, IBM. # # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. """Generate random circuits.""" import random import numpy from qiskit import (qasm, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister) def choices(population, weights=None, k=1): """ Replacement for `random.choices()`, which is only available in Python 3.6+. TODO: drop once Python 3.6 is required by the sdk. """ if weights and sum(weights) != 1: # Normalize the weights if needed, as numpy.random.choice requires so. weights = [float(i)/sum(weights) for i in weights] return numpy.random.choice(population, size=k, p=weights) class RandomCircuitGenerator(object): """ Generate random size circuits for profiling. """ def __init__(self, seed=None, max_qubits=5, min_qubits=1, max_depth=100, min_depth=1): """ Args: seed (int): Random number seed. If none, don't seed the generator. max_qubits (int): Maximum number of qubits in a circuit. min_qubits (int): Minimum number of operations in a cirucit. max_depth (int): Maximum number of operations in a circuit. min_depth (int): Minimum number of operations in circuit. """ self.max_depth = max_depth self.max_qubits = max_qubits self.min_depth = min_depth self.min_qubits = min_qubits self.circuit_list = [] self.n_qubit_list = [] self.depth_list = [] self.basis_gates = None self.circuit_name_list = [] if seed is not None: random.seed(a=seed) # specify number of parameters and args for each op # in the standard extension. If type hints (PEP484) are followed # maybe we can guess this. "nregs" are the number of qubits the # operation uses. If nregs=0 then it means either 1 qubit or # 1 register. "nparams" are the number of parameters the operation takes. self.op_signature = { 'barrier': {'nregs': 0, 'nparams': None}, 'ccx': {'nregs': 3, 'nparams': None}, 'ch': {'nregs': 2, 'nparams': None}, 'crz': {'nregs': 2, 'nparams': 1}, 'cswap': {'nregs': 3, 'nparams': None}, 'cu1': {'nregs': 2, 'nparams': 1}, 'cu3': {'nregs': 2, 'nparams': 3}, 'cx': {'nregs': 2, 'nparams': None}, 'cy': {'nregs': 2, 'nparams': None}, 'cz': {'nregs': 2, 'nparams': None}, 'h': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}, 'iden': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}, 'measure': {'nregs': 0, 'nparams': None}, 'reset': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}, 'rx': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': 1}, 'ry': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': 1}, 'rz': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': 1}, 's': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}, 't': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}, 'u1': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': 1}, 'u2': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': 2}, 'u3': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': 3}, 'x': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}, 'y': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}, 'z': {'nregs': 1, 'nparams': None}} def add_circuits(self, n_circuits, do_measure=True, basis=None, basis_weights=None): """Adds circuits to program. Generates a circuit with a random number of operations in `basis`. Also adds a random number of measurements in [1,nQubits] to end of circuit. Args: n_circuits (int): Number of circuits to add. do_measure (bool): Whether to add measurements. basis (list(str) or None): List of op names. If None, basis is randomly chosen with unique ops in (2,7) basis_weights (list(float) or None): List of weights corresponding to indices in `basis`. Raises: AttributeError: if operation is not recognized. """ if basis is None: basis = list(random.sample(self.op_signature.keys(), random.randint(2, 7))) basis_weights = [1./len(basis)] * len(basis) if basis_weights is not None: assert len(basis) == len(basis_weights) uop_basis = basis[:] if basis_weights: uop_basis_weights = basis_weights[:] else: uop_basis_weights = None # remove barrier from uop basis if it is specified if 'barrier' in uop_basis: ind = uop_basis.index('barrier') del uop_basis[ind] if uop_basis_weights: del uop_basis_weights[ind] # remove measure from uop basis if it is specified if 'measure' in uop_basis: ind = uop_basis.index('measure') del uop_basis[ind] if uop_basis_weights: del uop_basis_weights[ind] # self.basis_gates = uop_basis self.basis_gates = basis self.circuit_name_list = [] # TODO: replace choices with random.choices() when python 3.6 is # required. self.n_qubit_list = choices( range(self.min_qubits, self.max_qubits + 1), k=n_circuits) self.depth_list = choices( range(self.min_depth, self.max_depth + 1), k=n_circuits) for i_circuit in range(n_circuits): n_qubits = self.n_qubit_list[i_circuit] if self.min_regs_exceeds_nqubits(uop_basis, n_qubits): # no gate operation from this circuit can fit in the available # number of qubits. continue depth_cnt = self.depth_list[i_circuit] reg_pop = numpy.arange(1, n_qubits+1) register_weights = reg_pop[::-1].astype(float) register_weights /= register_weights.sum() max_registers = numpy.random.choice(reg_pop, p=register_weights) reg_weight = numpy.ones(max_registers) / float(max_registers) reg_sizes = rand_register_sizes(n_qubits, reg_weight) n_registers = len(reg_sizes) circuit = QuantumCircuit() for i_size, size in enumerate(reg_sizes): cr_name = 'cr' + str(i_size) qr_name = 'qr' + str(i_size) creg = ClassicalRegister(int(size), cr_name) qreg = QuantumRegister(int(size), qr_name) circuit.add_register(qreg, creg) while depth_cnt > 0: # TODO: replace choices with random.choices() when python 3.6 # is required. op_name = choices(basis, weights=basis_weights)[0] if hasattr(circuit, op_name): operator = getattr(circuit, op_name) else: raise AttributeError('operation \"{0}\"' ' not recognized'.format(op_name)) n_regs = self.op_signature[op_name]['nregs'] n_params = self.op_signature[op_name]['nparams'] if n_regs == 0: # this is a barrier or measure n_regs = random.randint(1, n_qubits) if n_qubits >= n_regs: # warning: assumes op function signature specifies # op parameters before qubits op_args = [] if n_params: op_args = [random.random() for _ in range(n_params)] if op_name == 'measure': # if measure occurs here, assume it's to do a conditional # randomly select a register to measure ireg = random.randint(0, n_registers-1) qr_name = 'qr' + str(ireg) cr_name = 'cr' + str(ireg) qreg = circuit.regs[qr_name] creg = circuit.regs[cr_name] for qind in range(qreg.size): operator(qreg[qind], creg[qind]) ifval = random.randint(0, (1 << qreg.size) - 1) # TODO: replace choices with random.choices() when # python 3.6 is required. uop_name = choices(uop_basis, weights=uop_basis_weights)[0] if hasattr(circuit, uop_name): uop = getattr(circuit, uop_name) else: raise AttributeError('operation \"{0}\"' ' not recognized'.format(uop_name)) unregs = self.op_signature[uop_name]['nregs'] unparams = self.op_signature[uop_name]['nparams'] if unregs == 0: # this is a barrier or measure unregs = random.randint(1, n_qubits) if qreg.size >= unregs: qind_list = random.sample(range(qreg.size), unregs) uop_args = [] if unparams: uop_args = [random.random() for _ in range(unparams)] uop_args.extend([qreg[qind] for qind in qind_list]) uop(*uop_args).c_if(creg, ifval) depth_cnt -= 1 elif op_name == 'barrier': ireg = random.randint(0, n_registers-1) qreg = circuit.qregs[ireg] bar_args = [(qreg, mi) for mi in range(qreg.size)] operator(*bar_args) else: # select random register ireg = random.randint(0, n_registers-1) qreg = circuit.qregs[ireg] if qreg.size >= n_regs: qind_list = random.sample(range(qreg.size), n_regs) op_args.extend([qreg[qind] for qind in qind_list]) operator(*op_args) depth_cnt -= 1 else: break nmeasure = random.randint(1, n_qubits) m_list = random.sample(range(nmeasure), nmeasure) if do_measure: for qind in m_list: rind = 0 # register index cumtot = 0 while qind >= cumtot + circuit.qregs[rind].size: cumtot += circuit.qregs[rind].size rind += 1 qrind = int(qind - cumtot) qreg = circuit.qregs[rind] creg = circuit.cregs[rind] circuit.measure(qreg[qrind], creg[qrind]) self.circuit_list.append(circuit) def min_regs_exceeds_nqubits(self, basis, n_qubits): """Check whether the minimum number of qubits used by the operations in basis is between 1 and the number of qubits. Args: basis (list): list of basis names n_qubits (int): number of qubits in circuit Returns: boolean: result of the check. """ return not any((n_qubits >= self.op_signature[opName]['nregs'] > 0 for opName in basis)) def get_circuits(self, format_='QuantumCircuit'): """Get the compiled circuits generated. Args: format_ (str, optional): "qasm" | "qobj" | "QuantumCircuit" Returns: list: List of Compiled QuantumCircuit objects. Raises: NameError: if the output format is not valid. """ if format_ == 'qasm': qasm_list = [] for circuit in self.circuit_list: qasm_list.append(circuit.qasm()) return qasm_list elif format_ == 'QuantumCircuit': qc_list = [] for circuit in self.circuit_list: qc_list.append(circuit) return qc_list else: raise NameError('Unrecognized circuit output format: "{}"'.format( format_)) def rand_register_sizes(n_registers, pvals): """Return a randomly chosen list of nRegisters summing to nQubits.""" vector = numpy.random.multinomial(n_registers, pvals) return vector[vector.nonzero()]
https://github.com/C2QA/bosonic-qiskit
C2QA
import math import multiprocessing import os import pathlib import matplotlib import matplotlib.animation import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy import qiskit from c2qa.circuit import CVCircuit from c2qa.discretize import discretize_circuits, discretize_single_circuit from c2qa.wigner import simulate_wigner, simulate_wigner_multiple_statevectors def animate_wigner( circuit: CVCircuit, qubit: qiskit.circuit.quantumcircuit.QubitSpecifier = None, cbit: qiskit.circuit.quantumcircuit.ClbitSpecifier = None, animation_segments: int = 10, discretize_epsilon: float = None, shots: int = 1, file: str = None, axes_min: int = -6, axes_max: int = 6, axes_steps: int = 200, processes: int = None, keep_state: bool = True, noise_passes = None, sequential_subcircuit: bool = False, draw_grid: bool = False, trace: bool = True, bitrate: int = -1 ): """Animate the Wigner function at each step defined in the given CVCirctuit. This assumes the CVCircuit was simulated with an animation_segments > 0 to act as the frames of the generated movie. The ffmpeg binary must be on your system PATH in order to execute this function. See https://ffmpeg.org/download.html to download and install on your system. Args: circuit (CVCircuit): circuit to simulate and plot qubit ([type]): Qubit to measure, if performing Hadamard measure for use with cat states. Defaults to None. cbit ([type]): Classical bit to measure into, if performing Hadamard measure for use with cat states. Defaults to None. animation_segments (int, optional): Number of segments to split each gate into for animation. Defaults to 10. shots (int, optional): Number of simulation shots per frame. Defaults to 1. file (str, optional): File path to save (supported formats include MP4 with ffmpeg installed, animated GIF, and APNG). If None, return plot. Defaults to None. axes_min (int, optional): Minimum axes plot value. Defaults to -6. axes_max (int, optional): Maximum axes plot value. Defaults to 6. axes_steps (int, optional): Steps between axes ticks. Defaults to 200. processes (int, optional): Number of parallel Python processes to start. If None, perform serially in main process. Defaults to None. keep_state (bool, optional): True if each frame builds on the previous frame's state vector. False if each frame starts over from the beginning of the circuit. If True, it requires sequential simulation of each frame. noise_passes (list of Qiskit noise passes, optional): noise passes to apply sequential_subcircuit (bool, optional): boolean flag to animate subcircuits as one gate (False) or as sequential gates (True). Defautls to False. draw_grid (bool, optional): True if grid lines should be drawn on plot. Defaults to False. trace (bool, optional): True if qubits should be tracedfor each frame prior to calculating Wigner function. Defaults to True. Returns: [type]: [description] """ if qubit or cbit: w_fock, xvec = __discretize_wigner_with_measure( circuit, qubit, cbit, animation_segments, shots, axes_min, axes_max, axes_steps, processes, keep_state, noise_passes, sequential_subcircuit, trace ) else: w_fock, xvec = __discretize_wigner_without_measure( circuit, animation_segments, discretize_epsilon, shots, axes_min, axes_max, axes_steps, noise_passes, sequential_subcircuit, trace ) # Remove None values in w_fock if simulation didn't produce results w_fock = [i for i in w_fock if i is not None] # Animate w_fock Wigner function results # Create empty plot to animate fig, ax = plt.subplots(constrained_layout=True) # Animate anim = matplotlib.animation.FuncAnimation( fig=fig, init_func=_animate_init, func=_animate, frames=len(w_fock), fargs=(fig, ax, xvec, w_fock, file, draw_grid), interval=200, repeat=True, ) # Save to file using ffmpeg, Pillow (GIF, APNG), or display if file: save_animation(anim, file, bitrate) return anim def __discretize_wigner_with_measure( circuit: CVCircuit, qubit: qiskit.circuit.quantumcircuit.QubitSpecifier = None, cbit: qiskit.circuit.quantumcircuit.ClbitSpecifier = None, animation_segments: int = 10, shots: int = 1, axes_min: int = -6, axes_max: int = 6, axes_steps: int = 200, processes: int = None, keep_state: bool = True, noise_passes = None, sequential_subcircuit: bool = False, trace: bool = True, ): circuits = discretize_circuits(circuit, animation_segments, keep_state, qubit, cbit, sequential_subcircuit) # Calculate the Wigner functions for each frame if not processes or processes < 1: processes = math.floor(multiprocessing.cpu_count() / 2) processes = max(processes, 1) # prevent zero processes with 1 CPU # Simulate each frame, storing Wigner function data in w_fock xvec = numpy.linspace(axes_min, axes_max, axes_steps) if keep_state: w_fock = __simulate_wigner_with_state(circuits, qubit, cbit, xvec, shots, noise_passes, trace) elif processes == 1: w_fock = [] for circuit in circuits: fock, _ = simulate_wigner( circuit, xvec, shots, noise_passes=noise_passes, conditional=cbit is not None, trace=trace or cbit is not None, ) w_fock.append(fock) else: pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes) results = pool.starmap( simulate_wigner, ( (circuit, xvec, shots, noise_passes, cbit is not None, trace or cbit is not None) for circuit in circuits ), ) pool.close() w_fock = [i[0] for i in results if i is not None] return w_fock, xvec def __discretize_wigner_without_measure( circuit: CVCircuit, animation_segments: int = 10, discretize_epsilon: float = None, shots: int = 1, axes_min: int = -6, axes_max: int = 6, axes_steps: int = 200, noise_passes = None, sequential_subcircuit: bool = False, trace: bool = True, ): statevector_label = "segment_" discretized, num_statevectors = discretize_single_circuit( circuit=circuit, segments_per_gate=animation_segments, epsilon=discretize_epsilon, sequential_subcircuit=sequential_subcircuit, statevector_per_segment=True, statevector_label=statevector_label, noise_passes=noise_passes) xvec = numpy.linspace(axes_min, axes_max, axes_steps) w_fock = simulate_wigner_multiple_statevectors( circuit=discretized, xvec=xvec, shots=shots, statevector_label=statevector_label, num_statevectors=num_statevectors, noise_passes=noise_passes, trace=trace ) return w_fock, xvec def save_animation(anim: matplotlib.animation.FuncAnimation, file: str, bitrate: int): file_path = pathlib.Path(file) if file_path.suffix == ".mp4": writer = matplotlib.animation.FFMpegWriter(fps=24, bitrate=bitrate) elif file_path.suffix == ".gif" or file_path.suffix == ".apng": writer = matplotlib.animation.PillowWriter(fps=24, bitrate=bitrate) else: print( f"Unknown animation file type {file_path.suffix}, defaulting to using PillowWriter" ) writer = matplotlib.animation.PillowWriter(fps=24, bitrate=bitrate) anim.save(file, writer=writer) def _animate_init(): pass # Prevent rendering frame 0 twice (once for init, once for animate) def _animate(frame, *fargs): """Generate individual matplotlib frame in animation.""" fig = fargs[0] ax = fargs[1] xvec = fargs[2] w_fock = fargs[3][frame] file = fargs[4] draw_grid = fargs[5] amax = numpy.amax(w_fock) amin = numpy.amin(w_fock) abs_max = max(amax, abs(amin)) if abs_max == 0: abs_max = 5 color_levels = numpy.linspace(-abs_max, abs_max, 100) xvec_int = [int(x) for x in xvec] xvec_int = sorted(set(xvec_int)) ax.clear() cont = ax.contourf(xvec, xvec, w_fock, color_levels, cmap="RdBu") ax.set_xlabel(r"$x$") ax.set_xticks(xvec_int) ax.set_ylabel(r"$p$") ax.set_yticks(xvec_int) if draw_grid: ax.grid() if frame == 0: fig.colorbar(cont, ax=ax) time_text = ax.text(0.05, 0.95, "", horizontalalignment="left", verticalalignment="top", transform=ax.transAxes) time_text.set_text(f"Frame {frame}") if file: os.makedirs(f"{file}_frames", exist_ok=True) plt.savefig(f"{file}_frames/frame_{frame}.png") def __simulate_wigner_with_state(circuits, qubit, cbit, xvec, shots, noise_passes, trace): """Simulate Wigner function, preserving state between iterations""" w_fock = [] previous_state = None for circuit in circuits: if previous_state: # Initialize circuit to simulate with the previous frame's state, then append the last instruction sim_circuit = circuit.copy() sim_circuit.data.clear() # Is this safe -- could we copy without data? sim_circuit.initialize(previous_state) if qubit and cbit: last_instructions = circuit.data[ -3: ] # Get the last instruction, plus the Hadamard/measure else: last_instructions = circuit.data[-1:] # Get the last instruction for inst in last_instructions: sim_circuit.append(*inst) else: # No previous simulation state, just run the current circuit sim_circuit = circuit fock, previous_state = simulate_wigner( sim_circuit, xvec, shots, noise_passes=noise_passes, conditional=cbit is not None, trace=trace or cbit is not None, ) w_fock.append(fock) return w_fock