task_url stringlengths 30 116 | task_name stringlengths 2 86 | task_description stringlengths 0 14.4k | language_url stringlengths 2 53 | language_name stringlengths 1 52 | code stringlengths 0 61.9k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #FreeBASIC | FreeBASIC |
' FB 1.05.0 Win64 (Note the (U)Integer type is 64 bits)
' FB doesn't have built-in logical shift right or rotation operators
' but, as they're not difficult to implement, I've done so below.
Function lsr(x As Const Integer, y As Const Integer) As Integer
Dim As UInteger z = x
Return z Shr y
End Function
Fun... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #J | J | makeRGB=: 0&$: : (($,)~ ,&3)
fillRGB=: makeRGB }:@$
setPixels=: (1&{::@[)`(<"1@(0&{::@[))`]}
getPixels=: <"1@[ { ] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Maple | Maple | bell1:=proc(n)
option remember;
add(binomial(n-1,k)*bell1(k),k=0..n-1)
end:
bell1(0):=1:
bell1(50);
# 185724268771078270438257767181908917499221852770
combinat[bell](50);
# 185724268771078270438257767181908917499221852770
bell1~([$0..20]);
# [1, 1, 2, 5, 15, 52, 203, 877, 4140, 21147, 115975, 6... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language | Mathematica / Wolfram Language |
BellTriangle[n_Integer?Positive] := NestList[Accumulate[# /. {a___, b_} :> {b, a, b}] &, {1}, n - 1];
BellNumber[n_Integer] := BellTriangle[n][[n, 1]];
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Groovy | Groovy | def tallyFirstDigits = { size, generator ->
def population = (0..<size).collect { generator(it) }
def firstDigits = [0]*10
population.each { number ->
firstDigits[(number as String)[0] as int] ++
}
firstDigits
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Haskell | Haskell | import qualified Data.Map as M
import Data.Char (digitToInt)
fstdigit :: Integer -> Int
fstdigit = digitToInt . head . show
n = 1000 :: Int
fibs = 1 : 1 : zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs)
fibdata = map fstdigit $ take n fibs
freqs = M.fromListWith (+) $ zip fibdata (repeat 1)
tab :: [(Int, Double, Double)]
tab ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Frink | Frink | BernoulliNumber[n] :=
{
a = new array
for m = 0 to n
{
a@m = 1/(m+1)
for j = m to 1 step -1
a@(j-1) = j * (a@(j-1) - a@j)
}
return a@0
}
result = new array
for n=0 to 60
{
b = BernoulliNumber[n]
if b != 0
{
[num,den] = numeratorDenominator[b]
result.push[[n, ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #Batch_File | Batch File |
@echo off & setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
:: Binary Chop Algorithm - Michael Sanders 2017
::
:: example output...
::
:: binary chop algorithm vs. standard for loop
::
:: number to find 941
:: for loop required 941 iterations
:: binchop required 10 iterations
:setup
set x=1
set y=999
set /a z=(%random... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #FutureBasic | FutureBasic |
include "Tlbx GameplayKit.incl"
include "NSLog.incl"
local fn ShuffleString( string as CFStringRef ) as CFStringRef
NSInteger i
CFMutableArrayRef mutArr = fn MutableArrayWithCapacity( 0 )
for i = 0 to fn StringLength( string ) - 1
MutableArrayAddObject( mutArr, fn StringSubstringWithRange( string, fn CFRangeMak... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Go | Go | package main
import (
"fmt"
"math/rand"
"time"
)
var ts = []string{"abracadabra", "seesaw", "elk", "grrrrrr", "up", "a"}
func main() {
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
for _, s := range ts {
// create shuffled byte array of original string
t := make([]byte, len(s))
for ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Lingo | Lingo | -- String creation and destruction
foo = "Hello world!" -- created by assignment; destruction via garbage collection
-- Strings are binary safe
put numtochar(0) into char 6 of foo
put chartonum(foo.char[6])
-- 0
put str.char[7..foo.length]
-- "world!"
-- String cloning and copying
bar = foo -- copies foo contents t... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Lua | Lua | foo = 'foo' -- Ducktyping foo to be string 'foo'
bar = 'bar'
assert (foo == "foo") -- Comparing string var to string literal
assert (foo ~= bar)
str = foo -- Copy foo contents to str
if #str == 0 then -- # operator returns string length
print 'str is empty'
end
str=str..string.char... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bin_given_limits | Bin given limits | You are given a list of n ascending, unique numbers which are to form limits
for n+1 bins which count how many of a large set of input numbers fall in the
range of each bin.
(Assuming zero-based indexing)
bin[0] counts how many inputs are < limit[0]
bin[1] counts how many inputs are >= limit[0] and < limit[1]
... | #Wren | Wren | import "/sort" for Find
import "/fmt" for Fmt
var getBins = Fn.new { |limits, data|
var n = limits.count
var bins = List.filled(n+1, 0)
for (d in data) {
var res = Find.all(limits, d) // uses binary search
var found = res[0]
var index = res[2].from
if (found) index = index ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #AWK | AWK | BEGIN {
print tobinary(5)
print tobinary(50)
print tobinary(9000)
}
function tobinary(num) {
outstr = ""
l = num
while ( l ) {
if ( l%2 == 0 ) {
outstr = "0" outstr
} else {
outstr = "1" outstr
}
l = int(l/2)
}
# Make sure we output a zero for a value of zero
if ( outstr ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Korn_Shell | Korn Shell | function line {
x0=$1; y0=$2 x1=$3; y1=$4
if (( x0 > x1 ))
then
((dx = x0 - x1)); ((sx = -1))
else
((dx = x1 - x0)); ((sx = 1))
fi
if (( y0 > y1 ))
then
((dy = y0 - y1)); ((sy = -1))
else
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #PL.2FM | PL/M | IF 0 THEN /* THIS WON'T RUN */;
IF 1 THEN /* THIS WILL */;
IF 2 THEN /* THIS WON'T */;
IF 3 THEN /* THIS WILL */; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Plain_English | Plain English | true
false |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Pony | Pony | true
false |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #Nim | Nim | import math, sequtils, strformat, strutils
const
headingNames: array[1..32, string] = [
"North", "North by east", "North-northeast", "Northeast by north",
"Northeast", "Northeast by east", "East-northeast", "East by north",
"East", "East by south", "East-southeast", "Southeast by east",
"Southeast",... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #FutureBasic | FutureBasic | window 1, @"Bitwise Operations", (0,0,650,270)
def fn rotl( b as long, n as long ) as long = ( ( 2^n * b) mod 256) or (b > 127)
def fn rotr( b as long, n as long ) as long = (b >> n mod 32) or ( b << (32-n) mod 32)
local fn bitwise( a as long, b as long )
print @"Input: a = "; a; @" b = "; b
print
print @"AN... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Java | Java | import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
public class BasicBitmapStorage {
private final BufferedImage image;
public BasicBitmapStorage(int width, int height) {
image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Nim | Nim | import math
iterator b(): int =
## Iterator yielding the bell numbers.
var numbers = @[1]
yield 1
var n = 0
while true:
var next = 0
for k in 0..n:
next += binom(n, k) * numbers[k]
numbers.add(next)
yield next
inc n
when isMainModule:
import strformat
const Limit = 25 ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #PARIGP | PARIGP |
genit(maxx=50)={bell=List();
for(n=0,maxx,q=sum(k=0,n,stirling(n,k,2));
listput(bell,q));bell}
END |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Icon_and_Unicon | Icon and Unicon | global counts, total
procedure main()
counts := table(0)
total := 0.0
every benlaw(fib(1 to 1000))
every i := 1 to 9 do
write(i,": ",right(100*counts[string(i)]/total,9)," ",100*P(i))
end
procedure benlaw(n)
if counts[n ? (tab(upto('123456789')),move(1))] +:= 1 then total +:= 1
end
pro... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #FunL | FunL | import integers.choose
def B( n ) = sum( 1/(k + 1)*sum((if 2|r then 1 else -1)*choose(k, r)*(r^n) | r <- 0..k) | k <- 0..n )
for i <- 0..60 if i == 1 or 2|i
printf( "B(%2d) = %s\n", i, B(i) ) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #BQN | BQN | BSearch ← {
BS ⟨a, value⟩:
BS ⟨a, value, 0, ¯1+≠a⟩;
BS ⟨a, value, low, high⟩:
mid ← ⌊2÷˜low+high
{
high<low ? ¯1;
(mid⊑a)>value ? BS ⟨a, value, low, mid-1⟩;
(mid⊑a)<value ? BS ⟨a, value, mid+1, high⟩;
mid
}
}
•Show BSearch ⟨8‿30‿35‿45‿49‿77‿79‿82‿87‿97, 97⟩ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Groovy | Groovy | def shuffle(text) {
def shuffled = (text as List)
for (sourceIndex in 0..<text.size()) {
for (destinationIndex in 0..<text.size()) {
if (shuffled[sourceIndex] != shuffled[destinationIndex] && shuffled[sourceIndex] != text[destinationIndex] && shuffled[destinationIndex] != text[sourceInde... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language | Mathematica / Wolfram Language | (* String creation and destruction *) BinaryString = {}; BinaryString = . ;
(* String assignment *) BinaryString1 = {12,56,82,65} , BinaryString2 = {83,12,56,65}
-> {12,56,82,65}
-> {83,12,56,65}
(* String comparison *) BinaryString1 === BinaryString2
-> False
(* String cloning and copying *) BinaryString3 = Bi... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #MATLAB_.2F_Octave | MATLAB / Octave |
a=['123',0,' abc '];
b=['456',9];
c='789';
disp(a);
disp(b);
disp(c);
% string comparison
printf('(a==b) is %i\n',strcmp(a,b));
% string copying
A = a;
B = b;
C = c;
disp(A);
disp(B);
disp(C);
% check if string is empty
if (length(a)==0)
printf('\nstring a is empty\n');
else
printf('\nstri... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #Axe | Axe | Lbl BIN
.Axe supports 16-bit integers, so 16 digits are enough
L₁+16→P
0→{P}
While r₁
P--
{(r₁ and 1)▶Hex+3}→P
r₁/2→r₁
End
Disp P,i
Return |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Lua | Lua |
-----------------------------------------------
-- Bitmap replacement
-- (why? current Lua impl lacks a "set" method)
-----------------------------------------------
local Bitmap = {
new = function(self, width, height)
local instance = setmetatable({ width=width, height=height }, self)
instance:alloc()
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #PostScript | PostScript | true
false |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #PowerShell | PowerShell | $true
$false |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Python | Python | >>> True
True
>>> not True
False
>>> # As numbers
>>> False + 0
0
>>> True + 0
1
>>> False + 0j
0j
>>> True * 3.141
3.141
>>> # Numbers as booleans
>>> not 0
True
>>> not not 0
False
>>> not 1234
False
>>> bool(0.0)
False
>>> bool(0j)
False
>>> bool(1+2j)
True
>>> # Collections as booleans
>>> bool([])
False
>>> bool([... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #Objeck | Objeck |
class BoxCompass {
function : Main(args : String[]) ~ Nil {
points := [
"North ", "North by east ", "North-northeast ",
"Northeast by north", "Northeast ", "Northeast by east ", "East-northeast ",
"East by north ", "East ", "East by south ", ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #Go | Go | package main
import "fmt"
func bitwise(a, b int16) {
fmt.Printf("a: %016b\n", uint16(a))
fmt.Printf("b: %016b\n", uint16(b))
// Bitwise logical operations
fmt.Printf("and: %016b\n", uint16(a&b))
fmt.Printf("or: %016b\n", uint16(a|b))
fmt.Printf("xor: %016b\n", uint16(a^b))
fmt.Printf("not: %016b\n", u... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #JavaScript | JavaScript |
// Set up the canvas
var canvas = document.createElement("canvas"),
ctx = canvas.getContext("2d"),
width = 400, height = 400;
ctx.canvas.width = width;
ctx.canvas.height = height;
// Optionaly add it to the current page
document.body.appendChild(canvas);
// Draw an image
var img = document.createElement... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Pascal | Pascal | program BellNumbers;
{$Ifdef FPC}
{$optimization on,all}
{$ElseIf}
{Apptype console}
{$EndIf}
uses
sysutils,gmp;
var
T0 :TDateTime;
procedure BellNumbersUint64(OnlyBellNumbers:Boolean);
var
BList : array[0..24] of Uint64;
BellNum : Uint64;
BListLenght,i :nativeUInt;
begin
IF OnlyBellNUmbers then
Begin... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #J | J | log10 =: 10&^.
benford =: log10@:(1+%)
assert '0.30 0.18 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05' -: 5j2 ": benford >: i. 9
append_next_fib =: , +/@:(_2&{.)
assert 5 8 13 -: append_next_fib 5 8
leading_digits =: {.@":&>
assert '581' -: leading_digits 5 8 13x
count =: #/.~ /: ~.
assert 2 1 3 4 -: count 'XCXBAXACXC' ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #F.C5.8Drmul.C3.A6 | Fōrmulæ | for a in Filtered(List([0 .. 60], n -> [n, Bernoulli(n)]), x -> x[2] <> 0) do
Print(a, "\n");
od;
[ 0, 1 ]
[ 1, -1/2 ]
[ 2, 1/6 ]
[ 4, -1/30 ]
[ 6, 1/42 ]
[ 8, -1/30 ]
[ 10, 5/66 ]
[ 12, -691/2730 ]
[ 14, 7/6 ]
[ 16, -3617/510 ]
[ 18, 43867/798 ]
[ 20, -174611/330 ]
[ 22, 854513/138 ]
[ 24, -236364091/2730 ]
[ 26... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #Brat | Brat | binary_search = { search_array, value, low, high |
true? high < low
{ null }
{
mid = ((low + high) / 2).to_i
true? search_array[mid] > value
{ binary_search search_array, value, low, mid - 1 }
{ true? search_array[mid] < value
{ binary_search search_array, value, mid + 1, high }
{... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Haskell | Haskell | shufflingQuality l1 l2 = length $ filter id $ zipWith (==) l1 l2
printTest prog = mapM_ test texts
where
test s = do
x <- prog s
putStrLn $ unwords $ [ show s
, show x
, show $ shufflingQuality s x]
texts = [ "abba", "abracadabra", "seesaw", ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Nim | Nim | var # creation
x = "this is a string"
y = "this is another string"
z = "this is a string"
if x == z: echo "x is z" # comparison
z = "now this is another string too" # assignment
y = z # copying
if x.len == 0: echo "empty" # check if empty
x.add('!') # append a byte
echo x[5..8] # substring
echo x[8 ..... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #OCaml | OCaml | # String.create 10 ;;
- : string = "\000\023\000\000\001\000\000\000\000\000" |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #BaCon | BaCon | ' Binary digits
OPTION MEMTYPE int
INPUT n$
IF VAL(n$) = 0 THEN
PRINT "0"
ELSE
PRINT CHOP$(BIN$(VAL(n$)), "0", 1)
ENDIF |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Maple | Maple | SegmentBresenham := proc (img, x0, y0, x1, y1)
local deltax, deltay, x, y, ystep, steep, err, img2, x02, y02, x12, y12;
x02, x12, y02, y12 := y0, y1, x0, x1;
steep := abs(x12 - x02) < abs(y12 - y02);
img2 := copy(img);
if steep then
x02, y02 := y02, x02;
x12, y12 := y12, x12; ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Quackery | Quackery | (cond ([(< 4 3) 'apple]
['bloggle 'pear]
[else 'nectarine]) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #R | R | (cond ([(< 4 3) 'apple]
['bloggle 'pear]
[else 'nectarine]) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Racket | Racket | (cond ([(< 4 3) 'apple]
['bloggle 'pear]
[else 'nectarine]) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #OCaml | OCaml |
let test_cases = [0.0; 16.87; 16.88; 33.75; 50.62; 50.63; 67.5;
84.37; 84.38; 101.25; 118.12; 118.13; 135.0;
151.87; 151.88; 168.75; 185.62; 185.63; 202.5;
219.37; 219.38; 236.25; 253.12; 253.13; 270.0;
286.87; 286.88; 303.75; 320.62; 320.63; 337... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #Groovy | Groovy | def bitwise = { a, b ->
println """
a & b = ${a} & ${b} = ${a & b}
a | b = ${a} | ${b} = ${a | b}
a ^ b = ${a} ^ ${b} = ${a ^ b}
~ a = ~ ${a} = ${~ a}
a << b = ${a} << ${b} = ${a << b}
a >> b = ${a} >> ${b} = ${a >> b} arithmetic (sign-preserving) shift
a >>> b = ${a} >>> ${b} = ${a ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Julia | Julia | using Images, Colors
Base.hex(p::RGB{T}) where T = join(hex(c(p), 2) for c in (red, green, blue))
function showhex(m::Matrix{RGB{T}}, pad::Integer=4) where T
for r in 1:size(m, 1)
println(" " ^ pad, join(hex.(m[r, :]), " "))
end
end
w, h = 5, 7
cback = RGB(1, 0, 1)
cfore = RGB(0, 1, 0)
img = Array... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #KonsolScript | KonsolScript | function main() {
Var:Number shape;
Image:New(50, 50, shape)
Draw:RectFill(0, 0, 50, 50, 0xFF0000, shape) //one to fill an image with a plain RED color
Draw:Pixel(30, 30, 0x0000FF, shape) //set a given pixel at (30,30) with a BLUE color
while (B1 == false) {
Image:Blit(10, 10, shape, scre... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Perl | Perl | use strict 'vars';
use warnings;
use feature 'say';
use bigint;
my @b = 1;
my @Aitkens = [1];
push @Aitkens, do {
my @c = $b[-1];
push @c, $b[$_] + $c[$_] for 0..$#b;
@b = @c;
[@c]
} until (@Aitkens == 50);
my @Bell_numbers = map { @$_[0] } @Aitkens;
say 'First fifteen and fiftieth Bell numbers:... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Java | Java | import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Locale;
public class BenfordsLaw {
private static BigInteger[] generateFibonacci(int n) {
BigInteger[] fib = new BigInteger[n];
fib[0] = BigInteger.ONE;
fib[1] = BigInteger.ONE;
for (int i = 2; i < fib.length; i++) {
fib[i... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #GAP | GAP | for a in Filtered(List([0 .. 60], n -> [n, Bernoulli(n)]), x -> x[2] <> 0) do
Print(a, "\n");
od;
[ 0, 1 ]
[ 1, -1/2 ]
[ 2, 1/6 ]
[ 4, -1/30 ]
[ 6, 1/42 ]
[ 8, -1/30 ]
[ 10, 5/66 ]
[ 12, -691/2730 ]
[ 14, 7/6 ]
[ 16, -3617/510 ]
[ 18, 43867/798 ]
[ 20, -174611/330 ]
[ 22, 854513/138 ]
[ 24, -236364091/2730 ]
[ 26... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #C | C | #include <stdio.h>
int bsearch (int *a, int n, int x) {
int i = 0, j = n - 1;
while (i <= j) {
int k = i + ((j - i) / 2);
if (a[k] == x) {
return k;
}
else if (a[k] < x) {
i = k + 1;
}
else {
j = k - 1;
}
}
ret... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Icon_and_Unicon | Icon and Unicon | # every !t :=: ?t # Uncomment to get a random best shuffling |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #PARI.2FGP | PARI/GP | cmp_str(u,v)=u==v
copy_str(v)=v \\ Creates a copy, not a pointer
append_str(v,n)=concat(v,n)
replace_str(source, n, replacement)=my(v=[]);for(i=1,#source,v=concat(v,if(source[i]==n,replacement,source[i]))); v
u=[72, 101, 108, 108, 111, 44, 32, 119, 111, 114, 108, 100];
v=[];
cmp_str(u,v)
w=copy_str(v)
#w==0
append_st... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #BASIC | BASIC | 0 N = 5: GOSUB 1:N = 50: GOSUB 1:N = 9000: GOSUB 1: END
1 LET N2 = ABS ( INT (N))
2 LET B$ = ""
3 FOR N1 = N2 TO 0 STEP 0
4 LET N2 = INT (N1 / 2)
5 LET B$ = STR$ (N1 - N2 * 2) + B$
6 LET N1 = N2
7 NEXT N1
8 PRINT B$
9 RETURN |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Mathematica.2FWolfram_Language | Mathematica/Wolfram Language | Rasterize[Style[Graphics[Line[{{0, 0}, {20, 10}}]], Antialiasing -> False]] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Raku | Raku | my Bool $crashed = False;
my $val = 0 but True; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Raven | Raven | TRUE print
FALSE print
2 1 > print # TRUE (-1)
3 2 < print # FALSE (0)
42 FALSE != # TRUE (-1) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #REBOL | REBOL | true = 1
false = 0 |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #OoRexx | OoRexx | /* Rexx */
Do
globs = '!DEG !MIN !SEC !FULL'
Drop !DEG !MIN !SEC !FULL
sign. = ''
sign.!DEG = 'c2b0'x -- degree sign : U+00B0
sign.!MIN = 'e280b2'x -- prime : U+2032
sign.!SEC = 'e280b3'x -- double prime : U+2033
points. = ''
Call display_compass_points
Call display_sample
Say
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #Harbour | Harbour |
PROCEDURE Main(...)
local n1 := 42, n2 := 2
local aPar := hb_AParams()
local nRot
if ! Empty( aPar )
n1 := Val( aPar[1] )
hb_Adel( aPar, 1, .T. )
if ! Empty( aPar )
n2 := Val( aPar[1] )
endif
endif
clear screen
? "Bitwise operations with two integers"
? "n1... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Kotlin | Kotlin | // version 1.1.4-3
import java.awt.Color
import java.awt.Graphics
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage
class BasicBitmapStorage(width: Int, height: Int) {
val image = BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR)
fun fill(c: Color) {
val g = image.graphics
g.color = c
g... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Phix | Phix | with javascript_semantics
include mpfr.e
function bellTriangle(integer n)
-- nb: returns strings to simplify output
mpz z = mpz_init(1)
string sz = "1"
sequence tri = {}, line = {}
for i=1 to n do
line = prepend(line,mpz_init_set(z))
tri = append(tri,{sz})
for j=2 to length(line... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #JavaScript | JavaScript | const fibseries = n => [...Array(n)]
.reduce(
(fib, _, i) => i < 2 ? (
fib
) : fib.concat(fib[i - 1] + fib[i - 2]),
[1, 1]
);
const benford = array => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
.map(val => [val, array
.reduce(
(sum, item) => sum + (
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Go | Go | package main
import (
"fmt"
"math/big"
)
func b(n int) *big.Rat {
var f big.Rat
a := make([]big.Rat, n+1)
for m := range a {
a[m].SetFrac64(1, int64(m+1))
for j := m; j >= 1; j-- {
d := &a[j-1]
d.Mul(f.SetInt64(int64(j)), d.Sub(d, &a[j]))
}
}
return f.Set(&a[0])
}
func main() {
for n := 0; n <... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #C.23 | C# | namespace Search {
using System;
public static partial class Extensions {
/// <summary>Use Binary Search to find index of GLB for value</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">type of entries and value</typeparam>
/// <param name="entries">array of entries</param>
/// <param name="value">search value</p... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #J | J | bestShuf =: verb define
yy=. <@({~ ?~@#)@I.@= y
y C.~ (;yy) </.~ (i.#y) |~ >./#@> yy
)
fmtBest=:3 :0
b=. bestShuf y
y,', ',b,' (',')',~":+/b=y
)
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Pascal | Pascal | const
greeting = 'Hello';
var
s1: string;
s2: ansistring;
s3: pchar;
begin
{ Assignments }
s1 := 'Mister Presiden'; (* typo is on purpose. See below! *)
{ Comparisons }
if s2 > 'a' then
writeln ('The first letter of ', s1, ' is later than a');
{ Cloning and copying }
s2 := greeting;
{ Check if a stri... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #Bash | Bash |
function to_binary () {
if [ $1 -ge 0 ]
then
val=$1
binary_digits=()
while [ $val -gt 0 ]; do
bit=$((val % 2))
quotient=$((val / 2))
binary_digits+=("${bit}")
val=$quotient
done
echo "${binary_digits[*]}" | rev
else
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #MATLAB | MATLAB |
%screen = Bitmap object
%startPoint = [x0,y0]
%endPoint = [x1,y1]
%color = [red,green,blue]
function bresenhamLine(screen,startPoint,endPoint,color)
if( any(color > 255) )
error 'RGB colors must be between 0 and 255';
end
%Check for vertical line, x0 == x1
if( startPoint(1) == endPoint... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #ReScript | ReScript | true = 1
false = 0 |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Retro | Retro | true = 1
false = 0 |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #REXX | REXX | true = 1
false = 0 |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #PARI.2FGP | PARI/GP | box(x)={["North","North by east","North-northeast","Northeast by north","Northeast",
"Northeast by east","East-northeast","East by north","East","East by south","East-southeast",
"Southeast by east","Southeast","Southeast by south","South-southeast","South by east","South",
"South by west","South-southwest","Southwest ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #Haskell | Haskell | import Data.Bits
bitwise :: Int -> Int -> IO ()
bitwise a b =
mapM_
print
[ a .&. b
, a .|. b
, a `xor` b
, complement a
, shiftL a b -- left shift
, shiftR a b -- arithmetic right shift
, shift a b -- You can also use the "unified" shift function;
-- positive is for left shift... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Lingo | Lingo | -- Creates a new image object of size 640x480 pixel and 32-bit color depth
img = image(640, 480, 32)
-- Fills image with plain red
img.fill(img.rect, rgb(255,0,0))
-- Gets the color value of the pixel at point (320, 240)
col = img.getPixel(320, 240)
-- Changes the color of the pixel at point (320, 240) to black
i... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Picat | Picat | main =>
B50=b(50),
println(B50[1..18]),
println(b50=B50.last),
nl.
b(M) = R =>
A = new_array(M-1),
bind_vars(A,0),
A[1] := 1,
R = [1, 1],
foreach(N in 2..M-1)
A[N] := A[1],
foreach(K in N..-1..2)
A[K-1] := A[K-1] + A[K],
end,
R := R ++ [A[1]]
end. |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #PicoLisp | PicoLisp | (de bell (N)
(make
(setq L (link (list 1)))
(do N
(setq L
(link
(make
(setq A (link (last L)))
(for B L
(setq A (link (+ A B))) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
(setq L (bell 51))
(for N 15
(tab (2 -2 -2) N ":" (get L N 1)) )
(p... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #jq | jq | # Generate the first n Fibonacci numbers: 1, 1, ...
# Numerical accuracy is insufficient beyond about 1450.
def fibonacci(n):
# input: [f(i-2), f(i-1), countdown]
def fib: (.[0] + .[1]) as $sum
| if .[2] <= 0 then empty
elif .[2] == 1 then $sum
else $sum, ([ .[1], $sum, .[2] - 1... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Julia | Julia | fib(n) = ([one(n) one(n) ; one(n) zero(n)]^n)[1,2]
ben(l) = [count(x->x==i, map(n->string(n)[1],l)) for i='1':'9']./length(l)
benford(l) = [Number[1:9;] ben(l) log10(1.+1./[1:9;])] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Haskell | Haskell | import Data.Ratio
import System.Environment
main = getArgs >>= printM . defaultArg
where
defaultArg as =
if null as
then 60
else read (head as)
printM m =
mapM_ (putStrLn . printP) .
takeWhile ((<= m) . fst) . filter (\(_, b) -> b /= 0 % 1) . zip [0 ..] $
bernoullis
printP (i, r)... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #C.2B.2B | C++ |
template <class T> int binsearch(const T array[], int low, int high, T value) {
if (high < low) {
return -1;
}
auto mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (value < array[mid]) {
return binsearch(array, low, mid - 1, value);
} else if (value > array[mid]) {
return binsearch(array, mid +... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Java | Java | import java.util.Random;
public class BestShuffle {
private final static Random rand = new Random();
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] words = {"abracadabra", "seesaw", "grrrrrr", "pop", "up", "a"};
for (String w : words)
System.out.println(bestShuffle(w));
}
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Perl | Perl | $s = undef;
say 'Nothing to see here' if ! defined $s; # 'Nothing to see here'
say $s = ''; # ''
say 'Empty string' if $s eq ''; # 'Empty string'
say $s = 'be'; # 'be'
say $t = $s; # 'be'
say 'Same' if $t eq $s; ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #Batch_File | Batch File | @echo off
:num2bin IntVal [RtnVar]
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
set /a n=%~1
set rtn=
for /l %%b in (0,1,31) do (
set /a "d=n&1, n>>=1"
set rtn=!d!!rtn!
)
for /f "tokens=* delims=0" %%a in ("!rtn!") do set rtn=%%a
(endlocal & rem -- return values
if "%~2" neq "" (set %~2=%rtn%) else echo... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #MAXScript | MAXScript | fn plot img coord steep col =
(
if steep then
(
swap coord[1] coord[2]
)
setPixels img coord col
)
fn drawLine img start end col =
(
local steep = (abs (end.y - start.y)) > (abs (end.x - start.x))
if steep then
(
swap start.x start.y
swap end.x end.y
)
i... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Ring | Ring |
x = True
y = False
see "x and y : " + (x and y) + nl
see "x or y : " + (x or y) + nl
see "not x : " + (not x) + nl
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Ruby | Ruby |
fn main() {
// Rust contains a single boolean type: `bool`, represented by the keywords `true` and `false`.
// Expressions inside `if` and `while` statements must result in type `bool`. There is no
// automatic conversion to the boolean type.
let true_value = true;
if true_value {
printl... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Rust | Rust |
fn main() {
// Rust contains a single boolean type: `bool`, represented by the keywords `true` and `false`.
// Expressions inside `if` and `while` statements must result in type `bool`. There is no
// automatic conversion to the boolean type.
let true_value = true;
if true_value {
printl... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #Pascal | Pascal | program BoxTheCompass(output);
function compasspoint(angle: real): string;
const
points: array [1..32] of string =
('North ', 'North by east ', 'North-northeast ', 'Northeast by north',
'Northeast ', 'Northeast by east ', 'East-northeast ', 'East by north ',
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #HicEst | HicEst | i = IAND(k, j)
i = IOR( k, j)
i = IEOR(k, j)
i = NOT( k ) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #LiveCode | LiveCode |
-- create an image container box at the center of the current stack window with default properties
create image "test"
-- programtically choose the paint bucket tool
choose bucket tool
-- LiveCode engine has built-in color keywords:
set the brushColor to "dark green"
-- programtically mouse click... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Lua | Lua | function Allocate_Bitmap( width, height )
local bitmap = {}
for i = 1, width do
bitmap[i] = {}
for j = 1, height do
bitmap[i][j] = {}
end
end
return bitmap
end
function Fill_Bitmap( bitmap, color )
for i = 1, #bitmap do
for j = 1, #bitmap[1] do
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Prolog | Prolog | bell(N, Bell):-
bell(N, Bell, [], _).
bell(0, [[1]|T], T, [1]):-!.
bell(N, Bell, B, Row):-
N1 is N - 1,
bell(N1, Bell, [Row|B], Last),
next_row(Row, Last).
next_row([Last|Bell], Bell1):-
last(Bell1, Last),
next_row1(Last, Bell, Bell1).
next_row1(_, [], []):-!.
next_row1(X, [Y|Rest], [B|Bel... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Kotlin | Kotlin | import java.math.BigInteger
interface NumberGenerator {
val numbers: Array<BigInteger>
}
class Benford(ng: NumberGenerator) {
override fun toString() = str
private val firstDigits = IntArray(9)
private val count = ng.numbers.size.toDouble()
private val str: String
init {
for (n i... |
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