task_url stringlengths 30 116 | task_name stringlengths 2 86 | task_description stringlengths 0 14.4k | language_url stringlengths 2 53 | language_name stringlengths 1 52 | code stringlengths 0 61.9k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Icon_and_Unicon | Icon and Unicon | link "rational"
procedure main(args)
limit := integer(!args) | 60
every b := bernoulli(i := 0 to limit) do
if b.numer > 0 then write(right(i,3),": ",align(rat2str(b),60))
end
procedure bernoulli(n)
(A := table(0))[0] := rational(1,1,1)
every m := 1 to n do {
A[m] := rational(1,m+1,1)... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #Chapel | Chapel | proc binsearch(A:[], value) {
var low = A.domain.dim(1).low;
var high = A.domain.dim(1).high;
while (low <= high) {
var mid = (low + high) / 2;
if A(mid) > value then
high = mid - 1;
else if A(mid) < value then
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #JavaScript | JavaScript | function raze(a) { // like .join('') except producing an array instead of a string
var r= [];
for (var j= 0; j<a.length; j++)
for (var k= 0; k<a[j].length; k++) r.push(a[j][k]);
return r;
}
function shuffle(y) {
var len= y.length;
for (var j= 0; j < len; j++) {
var i= Math.floor(Mat... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Phix | Phix | with javascript_semantics
string s = "abc"
s = x"ef bb bf" -- explicit binary string (the utf8 BOM)
s[2] = 0
s[3] = 'z'
if s="\#EF\0z" then puts(1,"ok\n") end if
string t = s
t[1..2] = "xy" -- s remains unaltered
?t -- "xyz"
t = "food" ?t
t[2..3] = 'e' ?t -- "feed"
t[3..2] = "ast" ?t -- "feasted"
t... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #bc | bc | obase = 2
5
50
9000
quit |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Metal | Metal | void drawLine(texture2d<float, access::write> targetTexture, uint2 start, uint2 end);
void drawLine(texture2d<float, access::write> targetTexture, uint2 start, uint2 end)
{
int x = int(start.x);
int y = int(start.y);
int dx = abs(x - int(end.x));
int dy = abs(y - int(end.y));
int sx = start.x ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Sather | Sather | v:BOOL := true; -- ok
i:INT := 1;
v := 1; -- wrong
if i then ... end; -- wrong: if requires a bool!
-- BUT
v := 1.bool; -- ok
if i.bool then ... end; -- ok |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Scala | Scala | repeat with each item of [True, False, Yes, No, On, Off, ""]
put it & " is " & (it is true)
end repeat
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Scheme | Scheme | repeat with each item of [True, False, Yes, No, On, Off, ""]
put it & " is " & (it is true)
end repeat
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #Perl | Perl | use utf8;
my @names = (
"North",
"North by east",
"North-northeast",
"Northeast by north",
"Northeast",
"Northeast by east",
"East-northeast",
"East by north",
"East",
"East by south",
"East-southeast",
"Southeast by east",
"Southeast",
"Southeast by south",
"South-southeast",
"South by east",
"South... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #HPPPL | HPPPL | EXPORT BITOPS(a, b)
BEGIN
PRINT(BITAND(a, b));
PRINT(BITOR(a, b));
PRINT(BITXOR(a, b));
PRINT(BITNOT(a));
PRINT(BITSL(a, b));
PRINT(BITSR(a, b));
// HPPPL has no builtin rotates or arithmetic right shift.
END; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #M2000_Interpreter | M2000 Interpreter |
\ Bitmap width in pixels, height in pixels
\ Return a group object with some lambda as members: SetPixel, GetPixel, Image$
\ copyimage
\ using Copy x, y Use Image$ we can display image$ to x, y as twips
\ we can use x*twipsx, y*twipsy for x,y as pixels
Function Bitmap (x as long, y as long) {
if x<1 or y<1 ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Maple | Maple | allocateImg := proc(width, height)
return Array(1..width, 1..height, 1..3);
end proc:
fillColor := proc(img, rgb::list)
local i;
for i from 1 to 3 do
img[..,..,i] := map(x->rgb[i], img[..,..,i]):
end do:
end proc:
setColor := proc(x, y, img, rgb::list)
local i:
for i from 1 to 3 do
img[x,y,i] := rgb[i]:
end ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Python | Python | def bellTriangle(n):
tri = [None] * n
for i in xrange(n):
tri[i] = [0] * i
tri[1][0] = 1
for i in xrange(2, n):
tri[i][0] = tri[i - 1][i - 2]
for j in xrange(1, i):
tri[i][j] = tri[i][j - 1] + tri[i - 1][j - 1]
return tri
def main():
bt = bellTriangle(51)
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Quackery | Quackery | [ ' [ [ 1 ] ] ' [ 1 ]
rot 1 - times
[ dup -1 peek nested
swap witheach
[ over -1 peek + join ]
tuck nested join swap ]
drop ] is bell's-triangle ( n --> [ )
[ bell's-triangle [] swap
witheach [ 0 peek join ] ] is bell-numbers ( n --> [ )... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Liberty_BASIC | Liberty BASIC |
dim bin(9)
N=1000
for i = 0 to N-1
num$ = str$(fiboI(i))
d=val(left$(num$,1))
'print num$, d
bin(d)=bin(d)+1
next
print
print "Digit", "Actual freq", "Expected freq"
for i = 1 to 9
print i, bin(i)/N, using("#.###", P(i))
next
function P(d)
P = log10(d+1)-log10(d)
end function
functio... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #J | J | B=: {.&1 %. (i. ! ])@>:@i.@x: |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #Clojure | Clojure | (defn bsearch
([coll t]
(bsearch coll 0 (dec (count coll)) t))
([coll l u t]
(if (> l u) -1
(let [m (quot (+ l u) 2) mth (nth coll m)]
(cond
; the middle element is greater than t
; so search the lower half
(> mth t) (recur coll l (dec m) t)
; the middle... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #jq | jq | def count(s): reduce s as $i (0;.+1);
def swap($i;$j):
.[$i] as $x | .[$i] = .[$j] | .[$j] = $x;
# Input: an array
# Output: a best shuffle
def bestShuffleArray:
. as $s
| reduce range(0; length) as $i (.;
. as $t
| (first(range(0; length)
| select( $i != . and
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Julia | Julia | # v0.6
function bestshuffle(str::String)::Tuple{String,Int}
s = Vector{Char}(str)
# Count the supply of characters.
cnt = Dict{Char,Int}(c => 0 for c in s)
for c in s; cnt[c] += 1 end
# Allocate the result
r = similar(s)
for (i, x) in enumerate(s)
# Find the best character to r... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Picat | Picat | main => % - String assignment
S1 = "binary_string",
println(s1=S1),
% Picat has re-assignments (:=/2) as well,
S1 := "another string",
println(s1=S1),
% - String comparison
if S1 == "another string" then
println(same)
else
println(not_same)
end,
% - String cloning and copying
S2 =... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #PicoLisp | PicoLisp | : (out "rawfile"
(mapc wr (range 0 255)) ) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #BCPL | BCPL | get "libhdr"
let writebin(x) be
$( let f(x) be
$( if x>1 then f(x>>1)
wrch((x & 1) + '0')
$)
f(x)
wrch('*N')
$)
let start() be
$( writebin(5)
writebin(50)
writebin(9000)
$) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Nim | Nim | import bitmap
proc drawLine*(img: Image; p, q: Point; color: Color) =
let
dx = abs(q.x - p.x)
sx = if p.x < q.x: 1 else: -1
dy = abs(q.y - p.y)
sy = if p.y < q.y: 1 else: -1
var
p = p
q = q
err = (if dx > dy: dx else: -dy) div 2
e2 = 0
while true:
img[p.x, p.y] = color
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Seed7 | Seed7 | repeat with each item of [True, False, Yes, No, On, Off, ""]
put it & " is " & (it is true)
end repeat
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Self | Self | repeat with each item of [True, False, Yes, No, On, Off, ""]
put it & " is " & (it is true)
end repeat
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #SenseTalk | SenseTalk | repeat with each item of [True, False, Yes, No, On, Off, ""]
put it & " is " & (it is true)
end repeat
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #Phix | Phix | with javascript_semantics
function get225(integer d, string p1, string p2, string p4)
string p3 = p1&'-'&lower(p2)
p2 &= " by "&lower(p1)
p1 &= " by "&lower(p4)
if d then
return {p1,p3,p2} -- eg {North by east,North-northeast,Northeast by north}
else
return {p2,p3... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #Icon_and_Unicon | Icon and Unicon | procedure main()
bitdemo(255,2)
bitdemo(-15,3)
end
procedure bitdemo(i,i2)
write()
demowrite("i",i)
demowrite("i2",i2)
demowrite("complement i",icom(i))
demowrite("i or i2",ior(i,i2))
demowrite("i and i2",iand(i,i2))
demowrite("i xor i2",ixor(i,i2))
demowrite("i shift " || i2,ishift(i,i2)... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language | Mathematica / Wolfram Language | img = Image[ConstantArray[{1, 0, 0}, {1000, 1000}]];
img = ReplacePart[img, {1, 1, 1} -> {0, 0, 1}];
ImageValue[img, {1, 1}] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #MATLAB | MATLAB |
%Bitmap class
%
%Implements a class to manage bitmap images without the need for the
%various conversion and display functions
%
%Available functions:
%
%fill(obj,color)
%setPixel(obj,pixel,color)
%getPixel(obj,pixel,[optional: color channel])
%display(obj)
%disp(obj)
%plot(obj)
%image(obj)
%save(obj)
%open(obj)
cl... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Racket | Racket | #lang racket
(define (build-bell-row previous-row)
(define seed (last previous-row))
(reverse
(let-values (((reversed _) (for/fold ((acc (list seed)) (prev seed))
((pprev previous-row))
(let ((n (+ prev pprev))) (values (cons n acc) n)))))... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Raku | Raku | my @Aitkens-array = lazy [1], -> @b {
my @c = @b.tail;
@c.push: @b[$_] + @c[$_] for ^@b;
@c
} ... *;
my @Bell-numbers = @Aitkens-array.map: { .head };
say "First fifteen and fiftieth Bell numbers:";
printf "%2d: %s\n", 1+$_, @Bell-numbers[$_] for flat ^15, 49;
say "\nFirst ten rows of Aitken's a... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Lua | Lua | actual = {}
expected = {}
for i = 1, 9 do
actual[i] = 0
expected[i] = math.log10(1 + 1 / i)
end
n = 0
file = io.open("fibs1000.txt", "r")
for line in file:lines() do
digit = string.byte(line, 1) - 48
actual[digit] = actual[digit] + 1
n = n + 1
end
file:close()
print("digit actual expected")
f... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Java | Java | import org.apache.commons.math3.fraction.BigFraction;
public class BernoulliNumbers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int n = 0; n <= 60; n++) {
BigFraction b = bernouilli(n);
if (!b.equals(BigFraction.ZERO))
System.out.printf("B(%-2d) = %-1s%n", n ,... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #CLU | CLU | % Binary search in an array
% If the item is found, returns `true' and the index;
% if the item is not found, returns `false' and the leftmost insertion point
% The datatype must support the < and > operators.
binary_search = proc [T: type] (a: array[T], val: T) returns (bool, int)
where T has lt: proct... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Kotlin | Kotlin | import java.util.Random
object BestShuffle {
operator fun invoke(s1: String) : String {
val s2 = s1.toCharArray()
s2.shuffle()
for (i in s2.indices)
if (s2[i] == s1[i])
for (j in s2.indices)
if (s2[i] != s2[j] && s2[i] != s1[j] && s2[j] != s1... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #PL.2FI | PL/I |
/* PL/I has immediate facilities for all those operations except for */
/* replace. */
s = t; /* assignment */
s = t || u; /* catenation - append one or more bytes. */
if length(s) = 0 then ... /* test for an empty string. */
if s = t then ... /* compare strin... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #PowerShell | PowerShell |
Clear-Host
## String creation (which is string assignment):
Write-Host "`nString creation (which is string assignment):" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host '[string]$s = "Hello cruel world"' -ForegroundColor Yellow
[string]$s = "Hello cruel world"
## String (or any variable) destruction:
Write-Host "`nString (or an... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #Beads | Beads | beads 1 program 'Binary Digits'
calc main_init
loop across:[5, 50, 9000] val:v
log to_str(v, base:2) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #OCaml | OCaml | let draw_line ~img ~color ~p0:(x0,y0) ~p1:(x1,y1) =
let steep = abs(y1 - y0) > abs(x1 - x0) in
let plot =
if steep
then (fun x y -> put_pixel img color y x)
else (fun x y -> put_pixel img color x y)
in
let x0, y0, x1, y1 =
if steep
then y0, x0, y1, x1
else x0, y0, x1, y1
in
let... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Sidef | Sidef | var t = true;
var f = false; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Simula | Simula | $!/?\=false= + =true=#
\-/ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Slate | Slate | $!/?\=false= + =true=#
\-/ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #Picat | Picat | go =>
Names = ["North", "North by east", "North-northeast", "Northeast by north",
"Northeast", "Northeast by east", "East-northeast", "East by north",
"East", "East by south", "East-southeast", "Southeast by east",
"Southeast", "Southeast by south","South-southeast", "South by east",
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #Inform_6 | Inform 6 | [ bitwise a b temp;
print "a and b: ", a & b, "^";
print "a or b: ", a | b, "^";
print "not a: ", ~a, "^";
@art_shift a b -> temp;
print "a << b (arithmetic): ", temp, "^";
temp = -b;
@art_shift a temp -> temp;
print "a >> b (arithmetic): ", temp, "^";
@log_shift a b -> temp;
print "a << b (logical)... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #MAXScript | MAXScript | local myBitmap = bitmap 512 512 |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Modula-3 | Modula-3 | INTERFACE Bitmap;
TYPE UByte = BITS 8 FOR [0 .. 16_FF];
Pixel = RECORD R, G, B: UByte; END;
Point = RECORD x, y: UByte; END;
T = REF ARRAY OF ARRAY OF Pixel;
CONST
Black = Pixel{0, 0, 0};
White = Pixel{255, 255, 255};
Red = Pixel{255, 0, 0};
Green = Pixel{0, 255, 0};
Blue = Pixel{0, 0, 255}... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #REXX | REXX | /*REXX program calculates and displays a range of Bell numbers (index starts at zero).*/
parse arg LO HI . /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/
if LO=='' & HI=="" then do; LO=0; HI=14; end /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
if LO=='' | LO=="," then LO= 0 ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language | Mathematica / Wolfram Language | fibdata = Array[First@IntegerDigits@Fibonacci@# &, 1000];
Table[{d, N@Count[fibdata, d]/Length@fibdata, Log10[1. + 1/d]}, {d, 1,
9}] // Grid |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #NetRexx | NetRexx | /* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref symbols nobinary
runSample(arg)
return
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
method brenfordDeveation(nlist = Rexx[]) public static
observed = 0
loop n_ over nlist
d1 = n_.left(1)
if d1 = 0 then iterat... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #jq | jq | # def negate:
# def lessOrEqual(x; y): # x <= y
# def long_add(x;y): # x+y
# def long_minus(x;y): # x-y
# def long_multiply(x;y) # x*y
# def long_divide(x;y): # x/y => [q,r]
# def long_div(x;y) # integer division
# def long_mod(x;y) # %
# In all cases, x and y must be strings
def negate: (- tonumbe... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #COBOL | COBOL | >>SOURCE FREE
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. binary-search.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 nums-area VALUE "01040612184356".
03 nums PIC 9(2)
OCCURS 7 TIMES
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Liberty_BASIC | Liberty BASIC | 'see Run BASIC solution
list$ = "abracadabra seesaw pop grrrrrr up a"
while word$(list$,ii + 1," ") <> ""
ii = ii + 1
w$ = word$(list$,ii," ")
bs$ = bestShuffle$(w$)
count = 0
for i = 1 to len(w$)
if mid$(w$,i,1) = mid$(bs$,i,1) then count = count + 1
next i
print w$;" ";bs$;" ";count
wend
functio... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Prolog | Prolog | % Create a string (no destruction necessary)
?- X = "a test string".
X = "a test string".
% String assignment, there is no assignment but you can unify between variables, also 'String cloning and copying'
?- X = "a test string", X = Y.
X = Y, Y = "a test string".
% String comparison
?- X = "a test string", Y = "a t... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #Befunge | Befunge | &>0\55+\:2%68>*#<+#8\#62#%/#2:_$>:#,_$@ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Pascal | Pascal | #! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use Image::Imlib2;
sub my_draw_line
{
my ( $img, $x0, $y0, $x1, $y1) = @_;
my $steep = (abs($y1 - $y0) > abs($x1 - $x0));
if ( $steep ) {
( $y0, $x0 ) = ( $x0, $y0);
( $y1, $x1 ) = ( $x1, $y1 );
}
if ( $x0 > $x1 ) {
( $x1, $x0 ) = ( $x0, $x1 );
( $y1, $y0 ) =... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Smalltalk | Smalltalk | $!/?\=false= + =true=#
\-/ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #SNUSP | SNUSP | $!/?\=false= + =true=#
\-/ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #SPL | SPL | datatype bool = false | true |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #PicoLisp | PicoLisp | (scl 3)
(setq *Compass # Build lookup table
(let H -16.875
(mapcar
'((Str)
(cons
(inc 'H 11.25) # Heading in degrees
(pack # Compass point
(replace (chop Str)
"N" "north"
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #J | J | bAND=: 17 b. NB. 16+#.0 0 0 1
bOR=: 23 b. NB. 16+#.0 1 1 1
bXOR=: 22 b. NB. 16+#.0 1 1 0
b1NOT=: 28 b. NB. 16+#.1 1 0 0
bLshift=: 33 b.~ NB. see http://www.jsoftware.com/help/release/bdot.htm
bRshift=: 33 b.~ -
bRAshift=: 34 b.~ -
bLrot=: 32 b.~
bRrot=: 32 b.~ - |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Nim | Nim | type
Luminance* = uint8
Index* = int
Color* = tuple
r, g, b: Luminance
Image* = ref object
w*, h*: Index
pixels*: seq[Color]
Point* = tuple
x, y: Index
proc color*(r, g, b: SomeInteger): Color =
## Build a color value from R, G and B values.
result.r = r.uint8
result.g = g.uint8
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #OCaml | OCaml | let new_img ~width ~height =
let all_channels =
let kind = Bigarray.int8_unsigned
and layout = Bigarray.c_layout
in
Bigarray.Array3.create kind layout 3 width height
in
let r_channel = Bigarray.Array3.slice_left_2 all_channels 0
and g_channel = Bigarray.Array3.slice_left_2 all_channels 1
and b... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Ruby | Ruby | def bellTriangle(n)
tri = Array.new(n)
for i in 0 .. n - 1 do
tri[i] = Array.new(i)
for j in 0 .. i - 1 do
tri[i][j] = 0
end
end
tri[1][0] = 1
for i in 2 .. n - 1 do
tri[i][0] = tri[i - 1][i - 2]
for j in 1 .. i - 1 do
tri[i][j] = tri[i... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Nim | Nim | import math
import strformat
type
# Non zero digit range.
Digit = range[1..9]
# Count array used to compute a distribution.
Count = array[Digit, Natural]
# Array to store frequencies.
Distribution = array[Digit, float]
#############################################################################... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #Oberon-2 | Oberon-2 |
MODULE BenfordLaw;
IMPORT
LRealStr,
LRealMath,
Out := NPCT:Console;
VAR
r: ARRAY 1000 OF LONGREAL;
d: ARRAY 10 OF LONGINT;
a: LONGREAL;
i: LONGINT;
PROCEDURE Fibb(VAR r: ARRAY OF LONGREAL);
VAR
i: LONGINT;
BEGIN
r[0] := 1.0;r[1] := 1.0;
FOR i := 2 TO LEN(r) - 1 DO
r[i] := r[i - 2] + r[i -... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Julia | Julia | function bernoulli(n)
A = Vector{Rational{BigInt}}(undef, n + 1)
for m = 0 : n
A[m + 1] = 1 // (m + 1)
for j = m : -1 : 1
A[j] = j * (A[j] - A[j + 1])
end
end
return A[1]
end
function display(n)
B = map(bernoulli, 0 : n)
pad = mapreduce(x -> ndigits(numerato... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #CoffeeScript | CoffeeScript | binarySearch = (xs, x) ->
do recurse = (low = 0, high = xs.length - 1) ->
mid = Math.floor (low + high) / 2
switch
when high < low then NaN
when xs[mid] > x then recurse low, mid - 1
when xs[mid] < x then recurse mid + 1, high
else mid |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Lua | Lua | math.randomseed(os.time())
local function shuffle(t)
for i = #t, 2, -1 do
local j = math.random(i)
t[i], t[j] = t[j], t[i]
end
end
local function bestshuffle(s, r)
local order, shufl, count = {}, {}, 0
for ch in s:gmatch(".") do order[#order+1], shufl[#shufl+1] = ch, ch end
if r then shuffle(shufl... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #PureBasic | PureBasic |
;string creation
x$ = "hello world"
;string destruction
x$ = ""
;string comparison
If x$ = "hello world" : PrintN("String is equal") : EndIf
;string copying;
y$ = x$
; check If empty
If x$ = "" : PrintN("String is empty") : EndIf
; append a byte
x$ = x$ + Chr(41)
; extract a substring
x$ = Mid(x$, 1, 5)... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #BQN | BQN | Bin ← 2{⌽𝕗|⌊∘÷⟜𝕗⍟(↕1+·⌊𝕗⋆⁼1⌈⊢)}
Bin¨5‿50‿9000 |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Perl | Perl | #! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use Image::Imlib2;
sub my_draw_line
{
my ( $img, $x0, $y0, $x1, $y1) = @_;
my $steep = (abs($y1 - $y0) > abs($x1 - $x0));
if ( $steep ) {
( $y0, $x0 ) = ( $x0, $y0);
( $y1, $x1 ) = ( $x1, $y1 );
}
if ( $x0 > $x1 ) {
( $x1, $x0 ) = ( $x0, $x1 );
( $y1, $y0 ) =... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Standard_ML | Standard ML | datatype bool = false | true |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Stata | Stata | % if {""} then {puts true} else {puts false}
expected boolean value but got "" |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #PowerShell | PowerShell | function Convert-DegreeToDirection ( [double]$Degree )
{
$Directions = @( 'n','n by e','n-ne','ne by n','ne','ne by e','e-ne','e by n',
'e','e by s','e-se','se by e','se','se by s','s-se','s by e',
's','s by w','s-sw','sw by s','sw','sw by w','w-sw','w by s',... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #Java | Java | public static void bitwise(int a, int b){
System.out.println("a AND b: " + (a & b));
System.out.println("a OR b: "+ (a | b));
System.out.println("a XOR b: "+ (a ^ b));
System.out.println("NOT a: " + ~a);
System.out.println("a << b: " + (a << b)); // left shift
System.out.println("a >> b: " + (a >> b)); // a... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Octave | Octave | im = zeros(W, H, 3, "uint8"); % create an RGB image of width W and height H
% and intensity from 0 to 255; black (all zeros)
im(:,:,1) = 255; % set R to 255
im(:,:,2) = 100; % set G to 100
im(:,:,3) = 155; % set B to 155
im(floor(W/2), floor(H/2), :) ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Rust | Rust | use num::BigUint;
fn main() {
let bt = bell_triangle(51);
// the fifteen first
for i in 1..=15 {
println!("{}: {}", i, bt[i][0]);
}
// the fiftieth
println!("50: {}", bt[50][0])
}
fn bell_triangle(n: usize) -> Vec<Vec<BigUint>> {
let mut tri: Vec<Vec<BigUint>> = Vec::with_capac... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Scala | Scala | import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer
object BellNumbers {
class BellTriangle {
val arr: ListBuffer[Int] = ListBuffer.empty[Int]
def this(n: Int) {
this()
val length = n * (n + 1) / 2
for (_ <- 0 until length) {
arr += 0
}
this (1, 0) = 1
for (i <- 2 to... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #OCaml | OCaml |
open Num
let fib =
let rec fib_aux f0 f1 = function
| 0 -> f0
| 1 -> f1
| n -> fib_aux f1 (f1 +/ f0) (n - 1)
in
fib_aux (num_of_int 0) (num_of_int 1) ;;
let create_fibo_string = function n -> string_of_num (fib n) ;;
let rec range i j = if i > j then [] else i :: (range (i + 1) j)
let n_max = ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Kotlin | Kotlin | import org.apache.commons.math3.fraction.BigFraction
object Bernoulli {
operator fun invoke(n: Int) : BigFraction {
val A = Array(n + 1, init)
for (m in 0..n)
for (j in m downTo 1)
A[j - 1] = A[j - 1].subtract(A[j]).multiply(integers[j])
return A.first()
}
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #Common_Lisp | Common Lisp | (defun binary-search (value array)
(let ((low 0)
(high (1- (length array))))
(do () ((< high low) nil)
(let ((middle (floor (+ low high) 2)))
(cond ((> (aref array middle) value)
(setf high (1- middle)))
((< (aref array middle) value)
(setf l... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language | Mathematica / Wolfram Language | BestShuffle[data_] :=
Flatten[{data,First[SortBy[
List[#, StringLength[data]-HammingDistance[#,data]] & /@ StringJoin /@ Permutations[StringSplit[data, ""]], Last]]}]
Print[#[[1]], "," #[[2]], ",(", #[[3]], ")"] & /@ BestShuffle /@ {"abracadabra","seesaw","elk","grrrrrr","up","a"}
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Best_shuffle | Best shuffle | Task
Shuffle the characters of a string in such a way that as many of the character values are in a different position as possible.
A shuffle that produces a randomized result among the best choices is to be preferred. A deterministic approach that produces the same sequence every time is acceptable as an alternative... | #Nim | Nim | import times
import sequtils
import strutils
import random
proc count(s1, s2: string): int =
for i, c in s1:
if c == s2[i]:
result.inc
proc shuffle(str: string): string =
var r = initRand(getTime().toUnix())
var chrs = toSeq(str.items)
for i in 0 ..< chrs.len:
let chosen ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Python | Python | s1 = "A 'string' literal \n"
s2 = 'You may use any of \' or " as delimiter'
s3 = """This text
goes over several lines
up to the closing triple quote""" |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_strings | Binary strings | Many languages have powerful and useful (binary safe) string manipulation functions, while others don't, making it harder for these languages to accomplish some tasks.
This task is about creating functions to handle binary strings (strings made of arbitrary bytes, i.e. byte strings according to Wikipedia) for those la... | #Racket | Racket |
#lang racket
;; Byte strings can be created either by a function (b1)
;; or as a literal string (b2). No operation is needed for
;; destruction due to garbage collection.
(define b1 (make-bytes 5 65)) ; b1 -> #"AAAAA"
(define b2 #"BBBBB") ; b2 -> #"BBBBB"
;; String assignment. Note that b2 cannot be
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_digits | Binary digits | Task
Create and display the sequence of binary digits for a given non-negative integer.
The decimal value 5 should produce an output of 101
The decimal value 50 should produce an output of 110010
The decimal value 9000 should produce an output of 10001100101000
... | #Bracmat | Bracmat | ( dec2bin
= bit bits
. :?bits
& whl
' ( !arg:>0
& mod$(!arg,2):?bit
& div$(!arg,2):?arg
& !bit !bits:?bits
)
& (str$!bits:~|0)
)
& 0 5 50 9000 423785674235000123456789:?numbers
& whl
' ( !numbers:%?dec ?numbers
& put$(str$(!dec ":\n" de... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm | Bitmap/Bresenham's line algorithm | Task
Using the data storage type defined on the Bitmap page for raster graphics images,
draw a line given two points with Bresenham's line algorithm.
| #Phix | Phix | -- demo\rosetta\Bresenham_line.exw (runnable version)
global function bresLine(sequence image, integer x0, y0, x1, y1, colour)
-- The line algorithm
integer dimx = length(image),
dimy = length(image[1]),
deltaX = abs(x1-x0),
deltaY = abs(y1-y0),
stepX = iff(x0<x... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Swift | Swift | % if {""} then {puts true} else {puts false}
expected boolean value but got "" |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Tcl | Tcl | % if {""} then {puts true} else {puts false}
expected boolean value but got "" |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Boolean_values | Boolean values | Task
Show how to represent the boolean states "true" and "false" in a language.
If other objects represent "true" or "false" in conditionals, note it.
Related tasks
Logical operations
| #Trith | Trith | if
echo 'Looking for file' # This is the evaluation block
test -e foobar.fil # The exit code from this statement determines whether the branch runs
then
echo 'The file exists' # This is the optional branch
echo 'I am going to delete it'
rm foobar.fil
fi |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Box_the_compass | Box the compass | There be many a land lubber that knows naught of the pirate ways and gives direction by degree!
They know not how to box the compass!
Task description
Create a function that takes a heading in degrees and returns the correct 32-point compass heading.
Use the function to print and display a table of Index, Compass... | #Prolog | Prolog |
compassangle(1, 'North',n, 0.00).
compassangle(2, 'North by east', nbe, 11.25).
compassangle(3, 'North-northeast', nne,22.50).
compassangle(4, 'Northeast by north', nebn,33.75).
compassangle(5, 'Northeast', ne,45.00).
compassangle(6, 'Norteast by east', nebe,56.25).
compassangle(7, 'East-northeast', ene,67.50).
compa... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations | Bitwise operations |
Basic Data Operation
This is a basic data operation. It represents a fundamental action on a basic data type.
You may see other such operations in the Basic Data Operations category, or:
Integer Operations
Arithmetic |
Comparison
Boolean Operations
Bitwise |
Logical
String Operations
Concatenation |
Interpolation |... | #JavaScript | JavaScript | function bitwise(a, b){
alert("a AND b: " + (a & b));
alert("a OR b: "+ (a | b));
alert("a XOR b: "+ (a ^ b));
alert("NOT a: " + ~a);
alert("a << b: " + (a << b)); // left shift
alert("a >> b: " + (a >> b)); // arithmetic right shift
alert("a >>> b: " + (a >>> b)); // logical right shift
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #OxygenBasic | OxygenBasic |
'GENERIC BITMAP
type pixel byte r,g,b
'===========
class BitMap
'===========
% sp sizeof(pixel)
sys wx,wy,px,py
string buf
sys pb
method Constructor(sys x=640,y=480) { wx=x : wy=y : buf=nuls x*y*sp : pb=strptr buf}
method Destructor() {buf="" : wx=0 : wy=0 : pb=0}
method GetPixel(sys x,y... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap | Bitmap | Show a basic storage type to handle a simple RGB raster graphics image,
and some primitive associated functions.
If possible provide a function to allocate an uninitialised image,
given its width and height, and provide 3 additional functions:
one to fill an image with a plain RGB color,
one to set a given pixe... | #Oz | Oz | functor
export
New
Get
Set
Transform
define
fun {New Width Height Init}
C = {Array.new 1 Height unit}
in
for Row in 1..Height do
C.Row := {Array.new 1 Width Init}
end
array2d(width:Width
height:Height
contents:C)
end
fun {Get array2d(contents:C ...) X ... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bell_numbers | Bell numbers | Bell or exponential numbers are enumerations of the number of different ways to partition a set that has exactly n elements. Each element of the sequence Bn is the number of partitions of a set of size n where order of the elements and order of the partitions are non-significant. E.G.: {a b} is the same as {b a} and {a... | #Scheme | Scheme | ; Given the remainder of the previous row and the final cons of the current row,
; extend (in situ) the current row to be a complete row of the Bell triangle.
; Return the final value in the extended row (for use in computing the following row).
(define bell-triangle-row-extend
(lambda (prevrest thisend)
(cond
... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law | Benford's law |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Benford's_law. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Benford's law, also called the first-digit law, refers to the freque... | #PARI.2FGP | PARI/GP | distribution(v)={
my(t=vector(9,n,sum(i=1,#v,v[i]==n)));
print("Digit\tActual\tExpected");
for(i=1,9,print(i, "\t", t[i], "\t", round(#v*(log(i+1)-log(i))/log(10))))
};
dist(f)=distribution(vector(1000,n,digits(f(n))[1]));
lucas(n)=fibonacci(n-1)+fibonacci(n+1);
dist(fibonacci)
dist(lucas) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers | Bernoulli numbers | Bernoulli numbers are used in some series expansions of several functions (trigonometric, hyperbolic, gamma, etc.), and are extremely important in number theory and analysis.
Note that there are two definitions of Bernoulli numbers; this task will be using the modern usage (as per The National Institute of S... | #Lua | Lua | #!/usr/bin/env luajit
local gmp = require 'gmp' ('libgmp')
local ffi = require'ffi'
local mpz, mpq = gmp.types.z, gmp.types.q
local function mpq_for(buf, op, n)
for i=0,n-1 do
op(buf[i])
end
end
local function bernoulli(rop, n)
local a=ffi.new("mpq_t[?]", n+1)
mpq_for(a, gmp.q_init, n+1)
for m=0,n do
gmp.q_s... |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Binary_search | Binary search | A binary search divides a range of values into halves, and continues to narrow down the field of search until the unknown value is found. It is the classic example of a "divide and conquer" algorithm.
As an analogy, consider the children's game "guess a number." The scorer has a secret number, and will only tell the p... | #Crystal | Crystal | class Array
def binary_search(val, low = 0, high = (size - 1))
return nil if high < low
#mid = (low + high) >> 1
mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1)
case val <=> self[mid]
when -1
binary_search(val, low, mid - 1)
when 1
binary_search(val, mid + 1, high)
else mid
end
... |
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Rosetta Code COBOL Python Hard Tasks
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Identifies tasks common to both COBOL and Python languages that are described as having difficulty levels, revealing cross-language task similarities and providing useful comparative programming examples.
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