question
stringlengths
2
1.01k
answer
stringlengths
1
3.75k
passage
listlengths
1
10
data_type
stringclasses
17 values
cot
stringlengths
4
1.16k
Is poultry available in various forms?
fresh or frozen, as whole birds or as joints (cuts), bone-in or deboned, seasoned in various ways, raw or ready cooked.
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Poultry is available fresh or frozen, as whole birds or as joints (cuts), bone-in or deboned, seasoned in various ways, raw or ready cooked. The meatiest parts of a bird are the flight muscles on its chest, called...
squad_v2
none
What sort of light is generated by IR lasers?
near-IR
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The onset of infrared is defined (according to different standards) at various values typically between 700 nm and 800 nm, but the boundary between visible and infrared light is not precisely defined. The human ey...
squad_v2
none
Along with the Commandos, who played in the first Arena Football League game?
Gladiators
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The first game in Arena Football League history was played on June 19, 1987, between the Gladiators and Commandos at Pittsburgh Civic Arena in front of 12,117 fans. The game was deliberately not televised so that ...
squad_v2
none
What type of economy was technical education in Venezuela intended to support?
middle class
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Institutes of technology in Venezuela were developed in the 1950s as an option for post-secondary education in technical and scientific courses, after the polytechnic French concepts. At that time, technical educa...
squad_v2
none
Where did Chopin and Sand go between November 1838 and February 1839?
Majorca
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "In June 1837 Chopin visited London incognito in the company of the piano manufacturer Camille Pleyel where he played at a musical soirée at the house of English piano maker James Broadwood. On his return to Paris,...
squad_v2
none
What is the main reasoning behind Unit testing that involves synchronization of the application on a broad spectrum?
reduce software development risks, time, and costs
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Unit testing is a software development process that involves synchronized application of a broad spectrum of defect prevention and detection strategies in order to reduce software development risks, time, and cost...
squad_v2
none
Which park does 27th Street pass through between Ninth and Tenth Avenues?
Chelsea
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Heading east, 27th Street passes through Chelsea Park between Tenth and Ninth Avenues, with the Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) on the corner of Eighth. On Madison Avenue between 26th and 27th streets, on th...
squad_v2
none
At what age were bishops required to retire by Paul VI?
75
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Paul VI revolutionized papal elections by ordering that only cardinals below the age of eighty might participate in future conclaves. In Ecclesiae Sanctae, his motu proprio of 6 August 1966, he further invited all...
squad_v2
none
wearing anything that could be dangerous is what?
forbidden
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The basic equipment or kit players are required to wear includes a shirt, shorts, socks, footwear and adequate shin guards. An athletic supporter and protective cup is highly recommended for male players by medica...
squad_v2
none
At what point during season 9 of American Idol did Ellen Degeneres become a judge?
Hollywood Week
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Season nine premiered on January 12, 2010. The upheaval at the judging panel continued. Ellen DeGeneres joined as a judge to replace Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week.", "start_char": 0, "end_char...
squad_v2
none
What event plaza is in Cary?
Koka Booth Amphitheatre
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Time Warner Cable Music Pavilion at Walnut Creek hosts major international touring acts. In 2011, the Downtown Raleigh Amphitheater opened (now sponsored as the Red Hat Amphitheater), which hosts numerous conc...
squad_v2
none
In what year did the Ottoman empire lose Greece?
1821
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Ottoman Navy vastly contributed to the expansion of the Empire's territories on the European continent. It initiated the conquest of North Africa, with the addition of Algeria and Egypt to the Ottoman Empire i...
squad_v2
none
When did Japan invade Indochina?
September 1940
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy admi...
squad_v2
none
What advancement of Whitehead's process philosophy is attributed to Charles Hartshorne?
developing Whitehead's process philosophy into a full-blown process theology
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Historically Whitehead's work has been most influential in the field of American progressive theology. The most important early proponent of Whitehead's thought in a theological context was Charles Hartshorne, who...
squad_v2
none
What year was this done?
1919
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The first non-stop transatlantic crossing was made by the British airship R34 in 1919. Regular passenger service resumed in the 1920s and the discovery of helium reserves in the United States promised increased sa...
squad_v2
none
What publications can drug ads be commonly found?
journals and conferences
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "There has been increasing controversy surrounding pharmaceutical marketing and influence. There have been accusations and findings of influence on doctors and other health professionals through drug reps, includin...
squad_v2
none
Are minority leadership roles specified closely?
are not well-defined
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The roles and responsibilities of the minority leader are not well-defined. To a large extent, the functions of the minority leader are defined by tradition and custom. A minority leader from 1931 to 1939, Represe...
squad_v2
none
On what street in New York was GE headquartered before moving to Fairfield?
Lexington Avenue
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "GE is a multinational conglomerate headquartered in Fairfield, Connecticut. Its main offices are located at 30 Rockefeller Plaza at Rockefeller Center in New York City, known now as the Comcast Building. It was fo...
squad_v2
none
What group constituted the clergy along with the regular clergy?
the secular clergy
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The clergy was divided into two types: the secular clergy, who lived out in the world, and the regular clergy, who lived under a religious rule and were usually monks. Throughout the period monks remained a very s...
squad_v2
none
What denomination does the oldest church in Plymouth belong to?
Anglican
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Plymouth has about 150 churches and its Roman Catholic cathedral (1858) is in Stonehouse. The city's oldest church is St Andrew's (Anglican) located at the top of Royal Parade—it is the largest parish church in De...
squad_v2
none
What continental European country has pubs?
Denmark
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, Ne...
squad_v2
none
What has been supplied by the county since the 1920's
the county has supplied aggregates. Foster Yeoman is Europe's large supplier of limestone aggregates
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The county has a long tradition of supplying freestone and building stone. Quarries at Doulting supplied freestone used in the construction of Wells Cathedral. Bath stone is also widely used. Ralph Allen promoted ...
squad_v2
none
What historian was quoted as saying that London had all the necessary characteristics to be a major capital city?
Frank Stenton
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England. Westminster Abbey, rebuilt in the Romanesque style by King Edward the Confessor, was one of the grandest churches in Europe. Winch...
squad_v2
none
Have transfer fees been increasing over the past years?
The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition.
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition. Prior to the start of the first Premier League season Alan Shearer became the first British player to co...
squad_v2
none
Who conceived of "The Third Force Psychology Theory?"
Maslow
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Maslow’s ‘‘Third Force Psychology Theory’’ even allows literary analysts to critically understand how characters reflect the culture and the history in which they are contextualized. It also allows analysts to und...
squad_v2
none
Who owns and operates most of the CBC television stations?
CBC itself
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Most CBC television stations, including those in the major cities, are owned and operated by the CBC itself. CBC O&O stations operate as a mostly seamless national service with few deviations from the main network...
squad_v2
none
What group dominated in western and central India at the start of the 13th century?
Rajputs
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th, the politics in the Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate and in the Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire which originated as a political heir of t...
squad_v2
none
Where is the Christial Science Monitor headquarters?
Boston
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Boston Globe and the Boston Herald are two of the city's major daily newspapers. The city is also served by other publications such as Boston magazine, The Improper Bostonian, DigBoston, and the Boston edition...
squad_v2
none
How big was Li Zicheng's army?
200,000
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Li Zicheng then led a coalition of rebel forces numbering 200,000[a] to confront Wu Sangui, the general commanding the Ming garrison at Shanhai Pass. Shanhai Pass is a pivotal pass of the Great Wall, located fifty...
squad_v2
none
Religious knowledge is also known as what?
vision
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Religious knowledge or \"vision\" was indicated as a result of practice both within and outside of the Buddhist fold. According to the Samaññaphala Sutta, this sort of vision arose for the Buddhist adept as a resu...
squad_v2
none
What agreements did the GOP Old Guard want Eisenhower to abandon?
Yalta
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "In 1953, the Republican Party's Old Guard presented Eisenhower with a dilemma by insisting he disavow the Yalta Agreements as beyond the constitutional authority of the Executive Branch; however, the death of Jose...
squad_v2
none
What were many of the indigenous people of the Americas traditionally?
hunter-gatherers
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in Amazonia, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural ...
squad_v2
none
What clan was King Idris part of?
Senussi
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The coup completed, the RCC proceeded with their intentions of consolidating the revolutionary government and modernizing the country. They purged monarchists and members of Idris' Senussi clan from Libya's politi...
squad_v2
none
Israel is ranked 1st in the world in what?
expenditure on Research and Development
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Israel is a leading country in the development of solar energy. Israel is a global leader in water conservation and geothermal energy, and its development of cutting-edge technologies in software, communications a...
squad_v2
none
What year were students killed as part of a road cleanup project?
2012
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "From the 1950s on, the students were also used for unpaid work at schools, where they cleaned and performed repairs. This practice has continued in the Russian Federation, where up to 21 days of the summer holiday...
squad_v2
none
What type of meat is never present in halal dishes?
pork
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Somali cuisine varies from region to region and consists of a fusion of diverse culinary influences. It is the product of Somalia's rich tradition of trade and commerce. Despite the variety, there remains one thin...
squad_v2
none
What Iranian film festival was created in 1973?
Tehran World Festival
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The 1960s was a significant decade for Iranian cinema, with 25 commercial films produced annually on average throughout the early 60s, increasing to 65 by the end of the decade. The majority of production focused ...
squad_v2
none
What is pantheism?
God is the universe
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Pantheism holds that God is the universe and the universe is God, whereas Panentheism holds that God contains, but is not identical to, the Universe. It is also the view of the Liberal Catholic Church; Theosophy; ...
squad_v2
none
Who led the rescue effort after the earthquake of 1985?
ordinary citizens
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "On Thursday, September 19, 1985, at 7:19 am local time, Mexico City was struck by an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 on the Richter scale. Although this earthquake was not as deadly or destructive as many similar even...
squad_v2
none
What about the palace was subject to speculation in the 17th century?
the freehold
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Various owners leased it from royal landlords and the freehold was the subject of frenzied speculation during the 17th century. By then, the old village of Eye Cross had long since fallen into decay, and the area ...
squad_v2
none
In what issue was Namor, The Sub-Mariner introduced?
Marvel Comics #1
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Timely's first publication, Marvel Comics #1 (cover dated Oct. 1939), included the first appearance of Carl Burgos' android superhero the Human Torch, and the first appearances of Bill Everett's anti-hero Namor th...
squad_v2
none
What createds the change in light reflected off of a CD?
change in height between pits and lands
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a...
squad_v2
none
Who did Schwarzenegger choose as Chief of Staff?
Susan Kennedy
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Schwarzenegger then went against the advice of fellow Republican strategists and appointed a Democrat, Susan Kennedy, as his Chief of Staff. Schwarzenegger gradually moved towards a more politically moderate posit...
squad_v2
none
By using silicon wafers, what is being avoided?
costly sapphire substrate
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "A new style of wafers composed of gallium-nitride-on-silicon (GaN-on-Si) is being used to produce white LEDs using 200-mm silicon wafers. This avoids the typical costly sapphire substrate in relatively small 100- ...
squad_v2
none
When do most species of chicks leave the nest?
just before, or soon after, they are able to fly
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The point at which chicks fledge varies dramatically. The chicks of the Synthliboramphus murrelets, like the ancient murrelet, leave the nest the night after they hatch, following their parents out to sea, where t...
squad_v2
none
How many factories were in Eritrea by 1939?
around 2,198
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Additionally, the Italian Eritrea administration opened a number of new factories, which produced buttons, cooking oil, pasta, construction materials, packing meat, tobacco, hide and other household commodities. I...
squad_v2
none
What gender dominated Sumerian culture?
male
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Though women were protected by late Sumerian law and were able to achieve a higher status in Sumer than in other contemporary civilizations, the culture was male-dominated. The Code of Ur-Nammu, the oldest such co...
squad_v2
none
What map shows the relation between sub and quotient groups?
injective map
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Sub- and quotient groups are related in the following way: a subset H of G can be seen as an injective map H → G, i.e. any element of the target has at most one element that maps to it. The counterpart to injectiv...
squad_v2
none
Name two of the metropolitan areas that are enjoyed most frequently by tourist in Myanmar ?
Yangon and Mandalay
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The most popular available tourist destinations in Myanmar include big cities such as Yangon and Mandalay; religious sites in Mon State, Pindaya, Bago and Hpa-An; nature trails in Inle Lake, Kengtung, Putao, Pyin ...
squad_v2
none
What theory is based off of projectiles' motion?
impetus
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The first half of the 14th century saw much important scientific work being done, largely within the framework of scholastic commentaries on Aristotle's scientific writings. William of Ockham introduced the princi...
squad_v2
none
Imamah is a position appointed by who?
God
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "By the verse Quran, 2:124, Shias believe that Imamah is a divine position always Imamah is accompanied by the word guidance, of course a guidance by God's Command.A kind of guidance which brings humanity to the go...
squad_v2
none
What is the highest object of meditation called?
arūpajhānas
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The above are further subdivided into 31 planes of existence.[web 4] Rebirths in some of the higher heavens, known as the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds or Pure Abodes, can be attained only by skilled Buddhist practitioners kn...
squad_v2
none
What is the name of the 1991 book by Paul Davies and John Gribbins?
The Matter Myth
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Some modern day physicists and science writers—such as Paul Davies and John Gribbin—have argued that materialism has been disproven by certain scientific findings in physics, such as quantum mechanics and chaos th...
squad_v2
none
What happened with the Devensian glaciation ended?
the English Channel flooded
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The islands have been shaped by numerous glaciations during the Quaternary Period, the most recent being the Devensian.[citation needed] As this ended, the central Irish Sea was deglaciated and the English Channel...
squad_v2
none
What resource does Iran have the fourth largest supply of in the world?
proven oil reserves
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading cultural and economic center. Iran is a major regional and middle power, exerting considerable influence in international energy security an...
squad_v2
none
In 1884 about how many bison remained?
about 325
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Simultaneously with these conflicts, bison, a keystone species and the primary protein source that Native people had survived on for centuries were being destroyed. Some estimates say there were over 13 million bi...
squad_v2
none
How many colleges compete at the Division 1 level in North Carolina?
18
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "College sports are also popular in North Carolina, with 18 schools competing at the Division I level. The Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) is headquartered in Greensboro, and both the ACC Football Championship Game...
squad_v2
none
Lake Hood is located next to what International Airport?
Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Many communities have small air taxi services. These operations originated from the demand for customized transport to remote areas. Perhaps the most quintessentially Alaskan plane is the bush seaplane. The world'...
squad_v2
none
When did the Xbox achieve 10 million units sold?
May 2008
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "In May 2008 Microsoft announced that 10 million Xbox 360s had been sold and that it was the \"first current generation gaming console\" to surpass the 10 million figure in the US. In the US, the Xbox 360 was the l...
squad_v2
none
How long does primary school continue?
until grade four, five or six
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Education in Switzerland is very diverse because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system to the cantons. There are both public and private schools, including many private inte...
squad_v2
none
What piece of the PS3 Super Slim's hardware did Spong say was too "fiddly"?
disc loader
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Super Slim model of PS3 has received positive reviews. Gaming website Spong praised the new Super Slim's quietness, stating \"The most noticeable noise comes when the drive seeks a new area of the disc, such a...
squad_v2
none
Why were the first three games of the 1945 World Series played in Detroit?
wartime travel restrictions
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Cubs enjoyed one more pennant at the close of World War II, finishing 98–56. Due to the wartime travel restrictions, the first three games of the 1945 World Series were played in Detroit, where the Cubs won tw...
squad_v2
none
What manufacturer was enlisted to design the 360's graphics processor?
ATI
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Known during development as Xbox Next, Xenon, Xbox 2, Xbox FS or NextBox, the Xbox 360 was conceived in early 2003. In February 2003, planning for the Xenon software platform began, and was headed by Microsoft's V...
squad_v2
none
What does Mary where atop her hair that twinkles in the symbol ?
a halo of twelve stars surround her head
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The popularity of this particular representation of The Immaculate Conception spread across the rest of Europe, and has since remained the best known artistic depiction of the concept: in a heavenly realm, moments...
squad_v2
none
Why are some species becoming endangered in Portugal?
because of habitat loss, pollution and drought
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "There are more than 100 freshwater fish species, varying from the giant European catfish (in the Tagus International Natural Park) to some small and endemic species that live only in small lakes (along the western...
squad_v2
none
What is the name of the amphitheater located inside the Botanical Gardens?
Water Stage
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "One of the more prominent landmarks downtown is the Crystal Bridge at the Myriad Botanical Gardens, a large downtown urban park. Designed by I. M. Pei, the Crystal Bridge is a tropical conservatory in the area. Th...
squad_v2
none
Which Armenian football team was the most successful?
Yerevan's FC Ararat
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "During Soviet rule, Armenian athletes rose to prominence winning plenty of medals and helping the USSR win the medal standings at the Olympics on numerous occasions. The first medal won by an Armenian in modern Ol...
squad_v2
none
Because of distance form the sea and wide variance in temperatures, what was the interior of Pangaea like?
desert
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Triassic was generally dry, a trend that began in the late Carboniferous, and highly seasonal, especially in the interior of Pangaea. Low sea levels may have also exacerbated temperature extremes. With its hig...
squad_v2
none
How many customers were supplied by Thomas Edison's electrical supply network?
fifty-nine
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "In the latter part of the second revolution, Thomas Alva Edison developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world and is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laborat...
squad_v2
none
What was the primary military arm of Anglo-Saxon armies?
infantry
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "During the later Roman Empire, the principal military developments were attempts to create an effective cavalry force as well as the continued development of highly specialised types of troops. The creation of hea...
squad_v2
none
What does the mouth of the Qiantang River form?
Hangzhou Bay
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The province's name derives from the Zhe River (浙江, Zhè Jiāng), the former name of the Qiantang River which flows past Hangzhou and whose mouth forms Hangzhou Bay. It is usually glossed as meaning \"Crooked\" or \...
squad_v2
none
Who was dean of Yale Medical School from 1920 to 1935?
Milton Winternitz
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Milton Winternitz led the Yale Medical School as its dean from 1920 to 1935. Dedicated to the new scientific medicine established in Germany, he was equally fervent about \"social medicine\" and the study of human...
squad_v2
none
Who was the true backer of the cause of affirmative action?
Harold L. Ickes
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "FDR's New Deal programs often contained equal opportunity clauses stating \"no discrimination shall be made on account of race, color or creed\",:11 but the true forerunner to affirmative action was the Interior S...
squad_v2
none
What prophecy was fulfilled by the piercing of Jesus' side?
Old Testament prophecy
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "There are several details that are only found in one of the gospel accounts. For instance, only Matthew's gospel mentions an earthquake, resurrected saints who went to the city and that Roman soldiers were assigne...
squad_v2
none
Who were contained in the first rank of the phalanx formation?
wealthiest citizens
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "During this period, Roman soldiers seem to have been modelled after those of the Etruscans to the north, who themselves seem to have copied their style of warfare from the Greeks. Traditionally, the introduction o...
squad_v2
none
What process occurred around the 12th century?
smelting of metallic zinc
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Charaka Samhita, thought to have been written between 300 and 500 AD, mentions a metal which, when oxidized, produces pushpanjan, thought to be zinc oxide. Zinc mines at Zawar, near Udaipur in India, have been...
squad_v2
none
Who completed the transepts and nave on Wells Cathedral in about 1230?
Adam Locke
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "At the Abbey Saint-Denis, Noyon Cathedral, Notre Dame de Paris and at the eastern end of Canterbury Cathedral in England, simple cylindrical columns predominate over the Gothic forms of clustered columns and shaft...
squad_v2
none
In the 20th century most people practiced some form of what faith?
Animism.
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Throughout the 20th century, most Bissau-Guineans practiced some form of Animism. In the early 21st century, many have adopted Islam, which is now practiced by 50% of the country's population. Most of Guinea-Bissa...
squad_v2
none
Food goes in to the midgut after leaving where?
the crop
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Once food leaves the crop, it passes to the midgut (element 13 in numbered diagram), also known as the mesenteron, where the majority of digestion takes place. Microscopic projections from the midgut wall, called ...
squad_v2
none
What was the child vaccination rate according to a 2005 survey of Hyderabad?
61%
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "In the 2005 National Family Health Survey, it was reported that the city's total fertility rate is 1.8,:47 which is below the replacement rate. Only 61% of children had been provided with all basic vaccines (BCG, ...
squad_v2
none
After the president declared a state of emergency, what type of curfew was placed on the country?
nightly
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "From 22 March through 26 March 1991, mass pro-democracy rallies and a nationwide strike was held in both urban and rural communities, which became known as les evenements (\"the events\") or the March Revolution. ...
squad_v2
none
How many CDS were sold by Idol contestants up to 2010?
47 million
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The show itself is popular in the Southern United States, with households in the Southeastern United States 10% more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009, and those in the East Central re...
squad_v2
none
What is the name of the national rugby union stadium located in South-West London?
Twickenham Stadium
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Three Aviva Premiership rugby union teams are based in London, (London Irish, Saracens, and Harlequins), although currently only Harlequins and Saracens play their home games within Greater London. London Scottish...
squad_v2
none
When was the Siku Quanshu finished?
1782
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The Qing emperors were generally adept at poetry and often skilled in painting, and offered their patronage to Confucian culture. The Kangxi and Qianlong Emperors, for instance, embraced Chinese traditions both to...
squad_v2
none
What is Soft Portuguese style?
A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the Manueline, also known as Portuguese late Gothic, a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th cent...
squad_v2
none
To what corporation did the multi-block site comprising Science Park formerly belong?
Winchester's and Olin
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Yale and New Haven are working to build a medical and biotechnology research hub in the city and Greater New Haven region, and are succeeding to some extent.[citation needed] The city, state and Yale together run ...
squad_v2
none
Where did the mountains lay before the French and Indian War?
on the indeterminate boundary between Britain's colonies along the Atlantic and French areas centered in the Mississippi basin
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Before the French and Indian War, the Appalachian Mountains laid on the indeterminate boundary between Britain's colonies along the Atlantic and French areas centered in the Mississippi basin. After the French and...
squad_v2
none
What was the name of the enclave created by the Central Public Works Department?
Chanakyapuri
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The first major extension of New Delhi outside of Lutyens' Delhi came in the 1950s when the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) developed a large area of land southwest of Lutyens' Delhi to create the diplomati...
squad_v2
none
How many great powers are members of Europian Union?
three
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "With continuing European integration, the European Union is increasingly being seen as a great power in its own right, with representation at the WTO and at G8 and G-20 summits. This is most notable in areas where...
squad_v2
none
What other Iberian Romance languages are found in this area?
Spanish and Portuguese
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Catalan shares many traits with its neighboring Romance languages. However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan differs more from Iberian Romance (such as Spanish and Portuguese) in ter...
squad_v2
none
What has been humans' best adaptation in food production?
Hunting and gathering
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Hunting and gathering was humanity's first and most successful adaptation, occupying at least 90 percent of human history. Following the invention of agriculture, hunter-gatherers have been displaced or conquered ...
squad_v2
none
What type of religious participants were available for consultation?
Specialists
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Rome had no separate priestly caste or class. The highest authority within a community usually sponsored its cults and sacrifices, officiated as its priest and promoted its assistants and acolytes. Specialists fro...
squad_v2
none
The remote offshore Prelude field was discovered where?
off Australia's northwestern coast
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located...
squad_v2
none
Who did Pinochet overthrow?
Allende
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "Because of its neutrality, Yugoslavia would often be rare among Communist countries to have diplomatic relations with right-wing, anti-Communist governments. For example, Yugoslavia was the only communist country ...
squad_v2
none
Which former minister under Franco's rule headed the autonomous government from 1990 to 2005?
Manuel Fraga
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "From 1990 to 2005, Manuel Fraga, former minister and ambassador in the Franco dictature, presided over the Galician autonomous government, the Xunta de Galicia. Fraga was associated with the Partido Popular ('Peop...
squad_v2
none
What did the study aim to isolate?
sounds lost during MP3 compression
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "An in-depth study of MP3 audio quality, sound artist and composer Ryan Maguire's project \"The Ghost in the MP3\" isolates the sounds lost during MP3 compression. In 2015, he released the track \"moDernisT\" (an a...
squad_v2
none
What was the name of the general sent to Paris by Napoleon to organize a coup against the royalists there?
Pierre Augereau
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "During the campaign, Bonaparte became increasingly influential in French politics. He founded two newspapers: one for the troops in his army and another for circulation in France. The royalists attacked Bonaparte ...
squad_v2
none
Where was the library of Pergamum located?
Pergamon
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "After the death of Lysimachus, one of his officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city of Pergamum in 282 BC along with Lysimachus' war chest of 9,000 talents and declared himself loyal to Seleucus I while rema...
squad_v2
none
Who starred in 'Empire of the Sun'?
John Malkovich and a young Christian Bale
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "In 1987, as China began opening to Western capital investment, Spielberg shot the first American film in Shanghai since the 1930s, an adaptation of J. G. Ballard's autobiographical novel Empire of the Sun, starrin...
squad_v2
none
When are reception statutes invaild?
repugnant to domestic law or indigenous conditions
[ { "docid": "none", "url": "none", "title": "none", "headings": "none", "segment": "The actual substance of English law was formally \"received\" into the United States in several ways. First, all U.S. states except Louisiana have enacted \"reception statutes\" which generally state that the comm...
squad_v2
none