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turtle.get_shapepoly()
Return the current shape polygon as tuple of coordinate pairs. This can be used to define a new shape or components of a compound shape. >>> turtle.shape("square")
>>> turtle.shapetransform(4, -1, 0, 2)
>>> turtle.get_shapepoly()
((50, -20), (30, 20), (-50, 20), (-30, -20)) | python.library.turtle#turtle.get_shapepoly |
turtle.goto(x, y=None)
turtle.setpos(x, y=None)
turtle.setposition(x, y=None)
Parameters
x – a number or a pair/vector of numbers
y – a number or None
If y is None, x must be a pair of coordinates or a Vec2D (e.g. as returned by pos()). Move turtle to an absolute position. If the pen is down, draw line. ... | python.library.turtle#turtle.goto |
turtle.heading()
Return the turtle’s current heading (value depends on the turtle mode, see mode()). >>> turtle.home()
>>> turtle.left(67)
>>> turtle.heading()
67.0 | python.library.turtle#turtle.heading |
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.ht()
Make the turtle invisible. It’s a good idea to do this while you’re in the middle of doing some complex drawing, because hiding the turtle speeds up the drawing observably. >>> turtle.hideturtle() | python.library.turtle#turtle.hideturtle |
turtle.home()
Move turtle to the origin – coordinates (0,0) – and set its heading to its start-orientation (which depends on the mode, see mode()). >>> turtle.heading()
90.0
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00,-10.00)
>>> turtle.home()
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00,0.00)
>>> turtle.heading()
0.0 | python.library.turtle#turtle.home |
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.ht()
Make the turtle invisible. It’s a good idea to do this while you’re in the middle of doing some complex drawing, because hiding the turtle speeds up the drawing observably. >>> turtle.hideturtle() | python.library.turtle#turtle.ht |
turtle.isdown()
Return True if pen is down, False if it’s up. >>> turtle.penup()
>>> turtle.isdown()
False
>>> turtle.pendown()
>>> turtle.isdown()
True | python.library.turtle#turtle.isdown |
turtle.isvisible()
Return True if the Turtle is shown, False if it’s hidden. >>> turtle.hideturtle()
>>> turtle.isvisible()
False
>>> turtle.showturtle()
>>> turtle.isvisible()
True | python.library.turtle#turtle.isvisible |
turtle.left(angle)
turtle.lt(angle)
Parameters
angle – a number (integer or float) Turn turtle left by angle units. (Units are by default degrees, but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.) Angle orientation depends on the turtle mode, see mode(). >>> turtle.heading()
22.0
>>> turtle.left(45)
>>... | python.library.turtle#turtle.left |
turtle.listen(xdummy=None, ydummy=None)
Set focus on TurtleScreen (in order to collect key-events). Dummy arguments are provided in order to be able to pass listen() to the onclick method. | python.library.turtle#turtle.listen |
turtle.left(angle)
turtle.lt(angle)
Parameters
angle – a number (integer or float) Turn turtle left by angle units. (Units are by default degrees, but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.) Angle orientation depends on the turtle mode, see mode(). >>> turtle.heading()
22.0
>>> turtle.left(45)
>>... | python.library.turtle#turtle.lt |
turtle.mainloop()
turtle.done()
Starts event loop - calling Tkinter’s mainloop function. Must be the last statement in a turtle graphics program. Must not be used if a script is run from within IDLE in -n mode (No subprocess) - for interactive use of turtle graphics. >>> screen.mainloop() | python.library.turtle#turtle.mainloop |
turtle.mode(mode=None)
Parameters
mode – one of the strings “standard”, “logo” or “world” Set turtle mode (“standard”, “logo” or “world”) and perform reset. If mode is not given, current mode is returned. Mode “standard” is compatible with old turtle. Mode “logo” is compatible with most Logo turtle graphics. Mode... | python.library.turtle#turtle.mode |
turtle.numinput(title, prompt, default=None, minval=None, maxval=None)
Parameters
title – string
prompt – string
default – number (optional)
minval – number (optional)
maxval – number (optional) Pop up a dialog window for input of a number. title is the title of the dialog window, prompt is a text mostly d... | python.library.turtle#turtle.numinput |
turtle.onclick(fun, btn=1, add=None)
turtle.onscreenclick(fun, btn=1, add=None)
Parameters
fun – a function with two arguments which will be called with the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas
btn – number of the mouse-button, defaults to 1 (left mouse button)
add – True or False – if True, a new b... | python.library.turtle#turtle.onclick |
turtle.ondrag(fun, btn=1, add=None)
Parameters
fun – a function with two arguments which will be called with the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas
btn – number of the mouse-button, defaults to 1 (left mouse button)
add – True or False – if True, a new binding will be added, otherwise it will replac... | python.library.turtle#turtle.ondrag |
turtle.onkey(fun, key)
turtle.onkeyrelease(fun, key)
Parameters
fun – a function with no arguments or None
key – a string: key (e.g. “a”) or key-symbol (e.g. “space”) Bind fun to key-release event of key. If fun is None, event bindings are removed. Remark: in order to be able to register key-events, Turtle... | python.library.turtle#turtle.onkey |
turtle.onkeypress(fun, key=None)
Parameters
fun – a function with no arguments or None
key – a string: key (e.g. “a”) or key-symbol (e.g. “space”) Bind fun to key-press event of key if key is given, or to any key-press-event if no key is given. Remark: in order to be able to register key-events, TurtleScreen... | python.library.turtle#turtle.onkeypress |
turtle.onkey(fun, key)
turtle.onkeyrelease(fun, key)
Parameters
fun – a function with no arguments or None
key – a string: key (e.g. “a”) or key-symbol (e.g. “space”) Bind fun to key-release event of key. If fun is None, event bindings are removed. Remark: in order to be able to register key-events, Turtle... | python.library.turtle#turtle.onkeyrelease |
turtle.onrelease(fun, btn=1, add=None)
Parameters
fun – a function with two arguments which will be called with the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas
btn – number of the mouse-button, defaults to 1 (left mouse button)
add – True or False – if True, a new binding will be added, otherwise it will rep... | python.library.turtle#turtle.onrelease |
turtle.onclick(fun, btn=1, add=None)
turtle.onscreenclick(fun, btn=1, add=None)
Parameters
fun – a function with two arguments which will be called with the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas
btn – number of the mouse-button, defaults to 1 (left mouse button)
add – True or False – if True, a new b... | python.library.turtle#turtle.onscreenclick |
turtle.ontimer(fun, t=0)
Parameters
fun – a function with no arguments
t – a number >= 0 Install a timer that calls fun after t milliseconds. >>> running = True
>>> def f():
... if running:
... fd(50)
... lt(60)
... screen.ontimer(f, 250)
>>> f() ### makes the turtle march around... | python.library.turtle#turtle.ontimer |
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pd()
turtle.down()
Pull the pen down – drawing when moving. | python.library.turtle#turtle.pd |
turtle.pen(pen=None, **pendict)
Parameters
pen – a dictionary with some or all of the below listed keys
pendict – one or more keyword-arguments with the below listed keys as keywords Return or set the pen’s attributes in a “pen-dictionary” with the following key/value pairs: “shown”: True/False “pendown”: Tr... | python.library.turtle#turtle.pen |
turtle.pencolor(*args)
Return or set the pencolor. Four input formats are allowed:
pencolor()
Return the current pencolor as color specification string or as a tuple (see example). May be used as input to another color/pencolor/fillcolor call.
pencolor(colorstring)
Set pencolor to colorstring, which is a Tk c... | python.library.turtle#turtle.pencolor |
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pd()
turtle.down()
Pull the pen down – drawing when moving. | python.library.turtle#turtle.pendown |
turtle.pensize(width=None)
turtle.width(width=None)
Parameters
width – a positive number Set the line thickness to width or return it. If resizemode is set to “auto” and turtleshape is a polygon, that polygon is drawn with the same line thickness. If no argument is given, the current pensize is returned. >>> tu... | python.library.turtle#turtle.pensize |
turtle.penup()
turtle.pu()
turtle.up()
Pull the pen up – no drawing when moving. | python.library.turtle#turtle.penup |
turtle.position()
turtle.pos()
Return the turtle’s current location (x,y) (as a Vec2D vector). >>> turtle.pos()
(440.00,-0.00) | python.library.turtle#turtle.pos |
turtle.position()
turtle.pos()
Return the turtle’s current location (x,y) (as a Vec2D vector). >>> turtle.pos()
(440.00,-0.00) | python.library.turtle#turtle.position |
turtle.penup()
turtle.pu()
turtle.up()
Pull the pen up – no drawing when moving. | python.library.turtle#turtle.pu |
turtle.radians()
Set the angle measurement units to radians. Equivalent to degrees(2*math.pi). >>> turtle.home()
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.heading()
90.0
>>> turtle.radians()
>>> turtle.heading()
1.5707963267948966 | python.library.turtle#turtle.radians |
class turtle.RawTurtle(canvas)
class turtle.RawPen(canvas)
Parameters
canvas – a tkinter.Canvas, a ScrolledCanvas or a TurtleScreen Create a turtle. The turtle has all methods described above as “methods of Turtle/RawTurtle”. | python.library.turtle#turtle.RawPen |
class turtle.RawTurtle(canvas)
class turtle.RawPen(canvas)
Parameters
canvas – a tkinter.Canvas, a ScrolledCanvas or a TurtleScreen Create a turtle. The turtle has all methods described above as “methods of Turtle/RawTurtle”. | python.library.turtle#turtle.RawTurtle |
turtle.register_shape(name, shape=None)
turtle.addshape(name, shape=None)
There are three different ways to call this function:
name is the name of a gif-file and shape is None: Install the corresponding image shape. >>> screen.register_shape("turtle.gif")
Note Image shapes do not rotate when turning the turtle... | python.library.turtle#turtle.register_shape |
turtle.reset()
turtle.resetscreen()
Reset all Turtles on the Screen to their initial state. Note This TurtleScreen method is available as a global function only under the name resetscreen. The global function reset is another one derived from the Turtle method reset. | python.library.turtle#turtle.reset |
turtle.reset()
turtle.resetscreen()
Reset all Turtles on the Screen to their initial state. Note This TurtleScreen method is available as a global function only under the name resetscreen. The global function reset is another one derived from the Turtle method reset. | python.library.turtle#turtle.resetscreen |
turtle.resizemode(rmode=None)
Parameters
rmode – one of the strings “auto”, “user”, “noresize” Set resizemode to one of the values: “auto”, “user”, “noresize”. If rmode is not given, return current resizemode. Different resizemodes have the following effects: “auto”: adapts the appearance of the turtle correspon... | python.library.turtle#turtle.resizemode |
turtle.right(angle)
turtle.rt(angle)
Parameters
angle – a number (integer or float) Turn turtle right by angle units. (Units are by default degrees, but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.) Angle orientation depends on the turtle mode, see mode(). >>> turtle.heading()
22.0
>>> turtle.right(45)... | python.library.turtle#turtle.right |
turtle.right(angle)
turtle.rt(angle)
Parameters
angle – a number (integer or float) Turn turtle right by angle units. (Units are by default degrees, but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.) Angle orientation depends on the turtle mode, see mode(). >>> turtle.heading()
22.0
>>> turtle.right(45)... | python.library.turtle#turtle.rt |
class turtle.Screen
Subclass of TurtleScreen, with four methods added. | python.library.turtle#turtle.Screen |
turtle.screensize(canvwidth=None, canvheight=None, bg=None)
Parameters
canvwidth – positive integer, new width of canvas in pixels
canvheight – positive integer, new height of canvas in pixels
bg – colorstring or color-tuple, new background color If no arguments are given, return current (canvaswidth, canvas... | python.library.turtle#turtle.screensize |
class turtle.ScrolledCanvas(master)
Parameters
master – some Tkinter widget to contain the ScrolledCanvas, i.e. a Tkinter-canvas with scrollbars added Used by class Screen, which thus automatically provides a ScrolledCanvas as playground for the turtles. | python.library.turtle#turtle.ScrolledCanvas |
turtle.setheading(to_angle)
turtle.seth(to_angle)
Parameters
to_angle – a number (integer or float) Set the orientation of the turtle to to_angle. Here are some common directions in degrees:
standard mode logo mode
0 - east 0 - north
90 - north 90 - east
180 - west 180 - south
270 - south 270 - west... | python.library.turtle#turtle.seth |
turtle.setheading(to_angle)
turtle.seth(to_angle)
Parameters
to_angle – a number (integer or float) Set the orientation of the turtle to to_angle. Here are some common directions in degrees:
standard mode logo mode
0 - east 0 - north
90 - north 90 - east
180 - west 180 - south
270 - south 270 - west... | python.library.turtle#turtle.setheading |
turtle.goto(x, y=None)
turtle.setpos(x, y=None)
turtle.setposition(x, y=None)
Parameters
x – a number or a pair/vector of numbers
y – a number or None
If y is None, x must be a pair of coordinates or a Vec2D (e.g. as returned by pos()). Move turtle to an absolute position. If the pen is down, draw line. ... | python.library.turtle#turtle.setpos |
turtle.goto(x, y=None)
turtle.setpos(x, y=None)
turtle.setposition(x, y=None)
Parameters
x – a number or a pair/vector of numbers
y – a number or None
If y is None, x must be a pair of coordinates or a Vec2D (e.g. as returned by pos()). Move turtle to an absolute position. If the pen is down, draw line. ... | python.library.turtle#turtle.setposition |
turtle.settiltangle(angle)
Parameters
angle – a number Rotate the turtleshape to point in the direction specified by angle, regardless of its current tilt-angle. Do not change the turtle’s heading (direction of movement). >>> turtle.reset()
>>> turtle.shape("circle")
>>> turtle.shapesize(5,2)
>>> turtle.settiltan... | python.library.turtle#turtle.settiltangle |
turtle.setundobuffer(size)
Parameters
size – an integer or None Set or disable undobuffer. If size is an integer, an empty undobuffer of given size is installed. size gives the maximum number of turtle actions that can be undone by the undo() method/function. If size is None, the undobuffer is disabled. >>> turtl... | python.library.turtle#turtle.setundobuffer |
turtle.setup(width=_CFG["width"], height=_CFG["height"], startx=_CFG["leftright"], starty=_CFG["topbottom"])
Set the size and position of the main window. Default values of arguments are stored in the configuration dictionary and can be changed via a turtle.cfg file. Parameters
width – if an integer, a size in pi... | python.library.turtle#turtle.setup |
turtle.setworldcoordinates(llx, lly, urx, ury)
Parameters
llx – a number, x-coordinate of lower left corner of canvas
lly – a number, y-coordinate of lower left corner of canvas
urx – a number, x-coordinate of upper right corner of canvas
ury – a number, y-coordinate of upper right corner of canvas Set up u... | python.library.turtle#turtle.setworldcoordinates |
turtle.setx(x)
Parameters
x – a number (integer or float) Set the turtle’s first coordinate to x, leave second coordinate unchanged. >>> turtle.position()
(0.00,240.00)
>>> turtle.setx(10)
>>> turtle.position()
(10.00,240.00) | python.library.turtle#turtle.setx |
turtle.sety(y)
Parameters
y – a number (integer or float) Set the turtle’s second coordinate to y, leave first coordinate unchanged. >>> turtle.position()
(0.00,40.00)
>>> turtle.sety(-10)
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00,-10.00) | python.library.turtle#turtle.sety |
class turtle.Shape(type_, data)
Parameters
type_ – one of the strings “polygon”, “image”, “compound” Data structure modeling shapes. The pair (type_, data) must follow this specification:
type_ data
“polygon” a polygon-tuple, i.e. a tuple of pairs of coordinates
“image” an image (in this form only used in... | python.library.turtle#turtle.Shape |
turtle.shape(name=None)
Parameters
name – a string which is a valid shapename Set turtle shape to shape with given name or, if name is not given, return name of current shape. Shape with name must exist in the TurtleScreen’s shape dictionary. Initially there are the following polygon shapes: “arrow”, “turtle”, “c... | python.library.turtle#turtle.shape |
addcomponent(poly, fill, outline=None)
Parameters
poly – a polygon, i.e. a tuple of pairs of numbers
fill – a color the poly will be filled with
outline – a color for the poly’s outline (if given) Example: >>> poly = ((0,0),(10,-5),(0,10),(-10,-5))
>>> s = Shape("compound")
>>> s.addcomponent(poly, "red", "b... | python.library.turtle#turtle.Shape.addcomponent |
turtle.shapesize(stretch_wid=None, stretch_len=None, outline=None)
turtle.turtlesize(stretch_wid=None, stretch_len=None, outline=None)
Parameters
stretch_wid – positive number
stretch_len – positive number
outline – positive number Return or set the pen’s attributes x/y-stretchfactors and/or outline. Set r... | python.library.turtle#turtle.shapesize |
turtle.shapetransform(t11=None, t12=None, t21=None, t22=None)
Parameters
t11 – a number (optional)
t12 – a number (optional)
t21 – a number (optional)
t12 – a number (optional) Set or return the current transformation matrix of the turtle shape. If none of the matrix elements are given, return the transform... | python.library.turtle#turtle.shapetransform |
turtle.shearfactor(shear=None)
Parameters
shear – number (optional) Set or return the current shearfactor. Shear the turtleshape according to the given shearfactor shear, which is the tangent of the shear angle. Do not change the turtle’s heading (direction of movement). If shear is not given: return the current ... | python.library.turtle#turtle.shearfactor |
turtle.showturtle()
turtle.st()
Make the turtle visible. >>> turtle.showturtle() | python.library.turtle#turtle.showturtle |
turtle.speed(speed=None)
Parameters
speed – an integer in the range 0..10 or a speedstring (see below) Set the turtle’s speed to an integer value in the range 0..10. If no argument is given, return current speed. If input is a number greater than 10 or smaller than 0.5, speed is set to 0. Speedstrings are mapped ... | python.library.turtle#turtle.speed |
turtle.showturtle()
turtle.st()
Make the turtle visible. >>> turtle.showturtle() | python.library.turtle#turtle.st |
turtle.stamp()
Stamp a copy of the turtle shape onto the canvas at the current turtle position. Return a stamp_id for that stamp, which can be used to delete it by calling clearstamp(stamp_id). >>> turtle.color("blue")
>>> turtle.stamp()
11
>>> turtle.fd(50) | python.library.turtle#turtle.stamp |
turtle.textinput(title, prompt)
Parameters
title – string
prompt – string Pop up a dialog window for input of a string. Parameter title is the title of the dialog window, prompt is a text mostly describing what information to input. Return the string input. If the dialog is canceled, return None. >>> screen.t... | python.library.turtle#turtle.textinput |
turtle.tilt(angle)
Parameters
angle – a number Rotate the turtleshape by angle from its current tilt-angle, but do not change the turtle’s heading (direction of movement). >>> turtle.reset()
>>> turtle.shape("circle")
>>> turtle.shapesize(5,2)
>>> turtle.tilt(30)
>>> turtle.fd(50)
>>> turtle.tilt(30)
>>> turtle.f... | python.library.turtle#turtle.tilt |
turtle.tiltangle(angle=None)
Parameters
angle – a number (optional) Set or return the current tilt-angle. If angle is given, rotate the turtleshape to point in the direction specified by angle, regardless of its current tilt-angle. Do not change the turtle’s heading (direction of movement). If angle is not given:... | python.library.turtle#turtle.tiltangle |
turtle.title(titlestring)
Parameters
titlestring – a string that is shown in the titlebar of the turtle graphics window Set title of turtle window to titlestring. >>> screen.title("Welcome to the turtle zoo!") | python.library.turtle#turtle.title |
turtle.towards(x, y=None)
Parameters
x – a number or a pair/vector of numbers or a turtle instance
y – a number if x is a number, else None
Return the angle between the line from turtle position to position specified by (x,y), the vector or the other turtle. This depends on the turtle’s start orientation whi... | python.library.turtle#turtle.towards |
turtle.tracer(n=None, delay=None)
Parameters
n – nonnegative integer
delay – nonnegative integer Turn turtle animation on/off and set delay for update drawings. If n is given, only each n-th regular screen update is really performed. (Can be used to accelerate the drawing of complex graphics.) When called wit... | python.library.turtle#turtle.tracer |
class turtle.Turtle
Subclass of RawTurtle, has the same interface but draws on a default Screen object created automatically when needed for the first time. | python.library.turtle#turtle.Turtle |
turtle.turtles()
Return the list of turtles on the screen. >>> for turtle in screen.turtles():
... turtle.color("red") | python.library.turtle#turtle.turtles |
class turtle.TurtleScreen(cv)
Parameters
cv – a tkinter.Canvas Provides screen oriented methods like setbg() etc. that are described above. | python.library.turtle#turtle.TurtleScreen |
turtle.shapesize(stretch_wid=None, stretch_len=None, outline=None)
turtle.turtlesize(stretch_wid=None, stretch_len=None, outline=None)
Parameters
stretch_wid – positive number
stretch_len – positive number
outline – positive number Return or set the pen’s attributes x/y-stretchfactors and/or outline. Set r... | python.library.turtle#turtle.turtlesize |
turtle.undo()
Undo (repeatedly) the last turtle action(s). Number of available undo actions is determined by the size of the undobuffer. >>> for i in range(4):
... turtle.fd(50); turtle.lt(80)
...
>>> for i in range(8):
... turtle.undo() | python.library.turtle#turtle.undo |
turtle.undobufferentries()
Return number of entries in the undobuffer. >>> while undobufferentries():
... undo() | python.library.turtle#turtle.undobufferentries |
turtle.penup()
turtle.pu()
turtle.up()
Pull the pen up – no drawing when moving. | python.library.turtle#turtle.up |
turtle.update()
Perform a TurtleScreen update. To be used when tracer is turned off. | python.library.turtle#turtle.update |
class turtle.Vec2D(x, y)
A two-dimensional vector class, used as a helper class for implementing turtle graphics. May be useful for turtle graphics programs too. Derived from tuple, so a vector is a tuple! Provides (for a, b vectors, k number):
a + b vector addition
a - b vector subtraction
a * b inner product
k... | python.library.turtle#turtle.Vec2D |
turtle.pensize(width=None)
turtle.width(width=None)
Parameters
width – a positive number Set the line thickness to width or return it. If resizemode is set to “auto” and turtleshape is a polygon, that polygon is drawn with the same line thickness. If no argument is given, the current pensize is returned. >>> tu... | python.library.turtle#turtle.width |
turtle.window_height()
Return the height of the turtle window. >>> screen.window_height()
480 | python.library.turtle#turtle.window_height |
turtle.window_width()
Return the width of the turtle window. >>> screen.window_width()
640 | python.library.turtle#turtle.window_width |
turtle.write(arg, move=False, align="left", font=("Arial", 8, "normal"))
Parameters
arg – object to be written to the TurtleScreen
move – True/False
align – one of the strings “left”, “center” or right”
font – a triple (fontname, fontsize, fonttype) Write text - the string representation of arg - at the cur... | python.library.turtle#turtle.write |
turtle.write_docstringdict(filename="turtle_docstringdict")
Parameters
filename – a string, used as filename Create and write docstring-dictionary to a Python script with the given filename. This function has to be called explicitly (it is not used by the turtle graphics classes). The docstring dictionary will be... | python.library.turtle#turtle.write_docstringdict |
turtle.xcor()
Return the turtle’s x coordinate. >>> turtle.home()
>>> turtle.left(50)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.pos()
(64.28,76.60)
>>> print(round(turtle.xcor(), 5))
64.27876 | python.library.turtle#turtle.xcor |
turtle.ycor()
Return the turtle’s y coordinate. >>> turtle.home()
>>> turtle.left(60)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> print(turtle.pos())
(50.00,86.60)
>>> print(round(turtle.ycor(), 5))
86.60254 | python.library.turtle#turtle.ycor |
class type(object)
class type(name, bases, dict, **kwds)
With one argument, return the type of an object. The return value is a type object and generally the same object as returned by object.__class__. The isinstance() built-in function is recommended for testing the type of an object, because it takes subclasses ... | python.library.functions#type |
exception TypeError
Raised when an operation or function is applied to an object of inappropriate type. The associated value is a string giving details about the type mismatch. This exception may be raised by user code to indicate that an attempted operation on an object is not supported, and is not meant to be. If a... | python.library.exceptions#TypeError |
Built-in Types The following sections describe the standard types that are built into the interpreter. The principal built-in types are numerics, sequences, mappings, classes, instances and exceptions. Some collection classes are mutable. The methods that add, subtract, or rearrange their members in place, and don’t re... | python.library.stdtypes |
types — Dynamic type creation and names for built-in types Source code: Lib/types.py This module defines utility functions to assist in dynamic creation of new types. It also defines names for some object types that are used by the standard Python interpreter, but not exposed as builtins like int or str are. Finally, i... | python.library.types |
types.AsyncGeneratorType
The type of asynchronous generator-iterator objects, created by asynchronous generator functions. New in version 3.6. | python.library.types#types.AsyncGeneratorType |
types.BuiltinFunctionType
types.BuiltinMethodType
The type of built-in functions like len() or sys.exit(), and methods of built-in classes. (Here, the term “built-in” means “written in C”.) | python.library.types#types.BuiltinFunctionType |
types.BuiltinFunctionType
types.BuiltinMethodType
The type of built-in functions like len() or sys.exit(), and methods of built-in classes. (Here, the term “built-in” means “written in C”.) | python.library.types#types.BuiltinMethodType |
types.CellType
The type for cell objects: such objects are used as containers for a function’s free variables. New in version 3.8. | python.library.types#types.CellType |
types.ClassMethodDescriptorType
The type of unbound class methods of some built-in data types such as dict.__dict__['fromkeys']. New in version 3.7. | python.library.types#types.ClassMethodDescriptorType |
class types.CodeType(**kwargs)
The type for code objects such as returned by compile(). Raises an auditing event code.__new__ with arguments code, filename, name, argcount, posonlyargcount, kwonlyargcount, nlocals, stacksize, flags. Note that the audited arguments may not match the names or positions required by the ... | python.library.types#types.CodeType |
replace(**kwargs)
Return a copy of the code object with new values for the specified fields. New in version 3.8. | python.library.types#types.CodeType.replace |
types.coroutine(gen_func)
This function transforms a generator function into a coroutine function which returns a generator-based coroutine. The generator-based coroutine is still a generator iterator, but is also considered to be a coroutine object and is awaitable. However, it may not necessarily implement the __aw... | python.library.types#types.coroutine |
types.CoroutineType
The type of coroutine objects, created by async def functions. New in version 3.5. | python.library.types#types.CoroutineType |
types.DynamicClassAttribute(fget=None, fset=None, fdel=None, doc=None)
Route attribute access on a class to __getattr__. This is a descriptor, used to define attributes that act differently when accessed through an instance and through a class. Instance access remains normal, but access to an attribute through a clas... | python.library.types#types.DynamicClassAttribute |
types.FrameType
The type of frame objects such as found in tb.tb_frame if tb is a traceback object. See the language reference for details of the available attributes and operations. | python.library.types#types.FrameType |
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