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10.1210/jc.2013-2350
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Medicine_126
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"Our study indicates women who have PCOS have twice as many hospital admissions as women without the condition.
|
Some women with PCOS and a eumenorrheic menstrual history may still experience anovulation, and a midluteal serum progesterone may be helpful as an additional screening test.
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"PCOS has profound implications for a women's reproductive health as well as her long-term risk of chronic illness," said one of the study's authors, Roger Hart, MD, MRCOG, FRANZCOG, CREI, of the University of Western Australia and Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, both in Perth, Australia. "Our study indicates women who have PCOS have twice as many hospital admissions as women without the condition. Additional health care resources should be directed to address the risks facing this population."
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Nevertheless, lifetime fecundity in Swedish women with PCOS was similar to controls, and almost three-fourths of women with PCOS conceived spontaneously . Some women with PCOS and a eumenorrheic menstrual history may still experience anovulation, and a midluteal serum progesterone may be helpful as an additional screening test. Male factor infertility or tubal occlusion must also be considered (one study in PCOS found a nearly 10% rate of severe oligospermia and a 5% rate of bilateral tubal occlusion) (76).
|
[2.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.666667
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/female-reproductive/59582-women-diagnosed-with-pcos-twice-as-likely-to-be-hospitalized.html
|
10.1007/s00127-012-0548-z
|
Medicine_127
|
Unlike PMS, which most women of reproductive age will experience to a greater or lesser degree, the symptoms of PMDD are so intense they disrupt everything in the sufferer's life, from relationships to work.
|
These findings suggest that clinicians treating women with PMDD should assess and be vigilant for signs of suicidal behavior, and that clinicians might evaluate and treat the premenstrual symptoms of women who express suicidal ideation, plans, or attempts.
|
Until next month, when it all begins again. Unlike PMS, which most women of reproductive age will experience to a greater or lesser degree, the symptoms of PMDD are so intense they disrupt everything in the sufferer's life, from relationships to work. Of the 12 women with PMDD I spoke to, all had at some point adjusted their work life and dreams to suit the disorder.
|
In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate a strong, independent association between PMDD and suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among a nationally representative sample of women. These findings suggest that clinicians treating women with PMDD should assess and be vigilant for signs of suicidal behavior, and that clinicians might evaluate and treat the premenstrual symptoms of women who express suicidal ideation, plans, or attempts. By targeting a gender-specific risk factor for non-fatal suicidal behavior, clinicians may be able to address a substantial public health problem among reproductive-aged women.
|
[2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38040647815&p=1pl&v=1&x=vWjKUbywlMMZxsOdDZ84HQ
|
10.1080/08870446.2013.818674
|
Medicine_128
|
Self-efficacy and support
The result: support from their partners is helpful to smokers who wish to stop and it increases their chances of success, provided that they have developed skills of their own that help them to abstain.
|
Thus, self-regulation alone might not suffice but smokers might be in need of both high self-regulation skills and high levels of received social support from their spouses.
|
Self-efficacy and support
The result: support from their partners is helpful to smokers who wish to stop and it increases their chances of success, provided that they have developed skills of their own that help them to abstain. Such support could involve their partner reminding them of their plan to quit as well as encouraging and supporting them in critical situations. Careful planning
The same is true of the coping strategies that the smoker plans to apply in difficult situations (for instance, taking a chewing gum or being reminded of one's wish to quit when spending an evening in the company of smokers and feeling an uncontrollable craving for a cigarette).
|
Alternatively, the synergistic effects of social support and individual regulation variables as for example found by for the association of attitudes and intentions may also appear in the context of smoking cessation. Thus, self-regulation alone might not suffice but smokers might be in need of both high self-regulation skills and high levels of received social support from their spouses. Of these, 72.6% (n = 77) were men and the mean age was 40.67years (SD= 10.03, ranging from 19 to 72).
|
[4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.4
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/substance-abuse/41119-rauchstopp-zu-zweit.html
|
10.1111/cdev.12250
|
Medicine_129
|
The pseudomature behaviors evolved into larger problems and the status of once cool individuals dropped: "The adolescent who comes to depend upon pseudomature behavior to gain peer status may gradually need to shift, for example, from minor forms of delinquency, such as vandalism and shoplifting, to more serious acts of criminal behavior to impress even a subset of older peers," the authors wrote.
|
These analyses indicate numerous simple correlations between early adolescent pseudomature behaviors (i.e., minor deviance, selection of attractive peers, precocious romantic behavior), and initial (but not later) levels of popularity, and between these early pseudomature behaviors and later negative outcomes, all of which are explored further below.
|
In fact, just the opposite happened. The pseudomature behaviors evolved into larger problems and the status of once cool individuals dropped: "The adolescent who comes to depend upon pseudomature behavior to gain peer status may gradually need to shift, for example, from minor forms of delinquency, such as vandalism and shoplifting, to more serious acts of criminal behavior to impress even a subset of older peers," the authors wrote. The chart below shows that students who engaged in pseudomature behavior at 13 were perceived as more popular by their peers than those who did not engage in pseudomature behavior, but that correlation faded over time.
|
For descriptive purposes, Table 1 also presents simple correlations among all primary constructs examined in the study. These analyses indicate numerous simple correlations between early adolescent pseudomature behaviors (i.e., minor deviance, selection of attractive peers, precocious romantic behavior), and initial (but not later) levels of popularity, and between these early pseudomature behaviors and later negative outcomes, all of which are explored further below. Valuing of popularity was a significant predictor of each of these behaviors after accounting for gender and income (b = .15, p = .01; b = .20, p = .004; b = .16, p = .04, for minor delinquency, attractiveness of close peer, and precocious romantic activity, respectively).
|
[4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.2
|
news
|
http://www.businessinsider.com/being-popular-in-high-school-leads-to-problems-in-adulthood-2014-6
|
10.1098/rsos.171474
|
Medicine_13
|
The title lays it out plainly: "Violent video game engagement is not associated with adolescents' aggressive behaviour."
|
Despite the null findings identified in the present study, history gives us reason to suspect the idea that violent video games drives aggressive behaviour will remain an unsettled question for parents, pundits and policy-makers.
|
The title lays it out plainly: "Violent video game engagement is not associated with adolescents' aggressive behaviour." Their top-line finding is that their study "did not support the position that violent gaming relates to aggressive behaviour." This contradicts the consensus hammered out by an American Psychological Association task force on violent video games in 2017.
|
Until such findings are confirmed, however, we strongly would caution about drawing impulsive, thoughtless or potentially stigmatizing conclusions about members of such groups . Despite the null findings identified in the present study, history gives us reason to suspect the idea that violent video games drives aggressive behaviour will remain an unsettled question for parents, pundits and policy-makers. Although our results do have implications for these stakeholders, the present work holds special significance for those studying technology effects, in general, and video games, in particular.
|
[3.0, 1.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38538076628&p=1pl&v=1&x=7Ko5INusmGh9TtCxVKqTtA
|
10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.028
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Medicine_130
|
The study found that spanked kids tended to have higher odds of being violent toward their dating partners, researchers said.
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There was no significant association by sex (c 2 [3] = 3.52, P = .32), ethnicity (c 2 = 15.86, P =.07), or parental education (c 2 = 9.38, P = .40) differences in terms of corporal punishment (Table II) .
|
The study found that spanked kids tended to have higher odds of being violent toward their dating partners, researchers said. "While we can't say that spanking causes later violence, it follows that if a kid learns that physical punishment is a way to solve conflict, he/she may carry that over into conflicts with later intimate partners," said study senior author Jeff Temple. About 19 percent said they had committed some form of dating violence and 69 percent said they were physically punished during childhood.
|
Nineteen percent of participants (n = 134) reported physical perpetration of dating violence, and more than one-half (68%) reported experiencing corporal punishment as children (n = 498, mean = 1.07, SD = 0.96). There was no significant association by sex (c 2 [3] = 3.52, P = .32), ethnicity (c 2 = 15.86, P =.07), or parental education (c 2 = 9.38, P = .40) differences in terms of corporal punishment (Table II) . More African Americans endorsed experiencing corporal punishment "always," relative to Hispanic participants, c 2 [1] = 3.96, P < .05, but this difference did not emerge between African American and white participants, c 2 [1] = 1.51, P = .22.
|
[1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.6
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32686504555&p=1pl&v=1&x=J_KXigEKTcXYUPzjI0fyuQ
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0500
|
Medicine_131
|
It's also not necessarily strange that these drugs were used in cases where the child had no mental health diagnosis, though it could suggest overuse.
|
However, only a minority filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions from a child and adolescent psychiatrist (29.3% of young children, 39.2% of older children, 39.2% of adolescents, and 14.2% of young adults in 2010).
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But because of the unknown risks that come with flooding a maturing brain with these drugs, they should be utilized only when it's absolutely necessary. It's also not necessarily strange that these drugs were used in cases where the child had no mental health diagnosis, though it could suggest overuse. The authors hope that their findings will prompt others to develop better, safer approaches to treating these serious but manageable conditions.
|
Most young people treated with antipsychotics in each age group filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions that were written by a psychiatrist (57.9% of young children, 71.9% of older children, 77.9% of adolescents, and 70.4% of young adults in 2010) ( Table 2) . However, only a minority filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions from a child and adolescent psychiatrist (29.3% of young children, 39.2% of older children, 39.2% of adolescents, and 14.2% of young adults in 2010). Younger children treated with antipsychotics were proportionately the least likely of the 4 age groups to have filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions from a psychiatrist.
|
[2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.25
|
news
|
http://www.medicaldaily.com/antipsychotics-are-being-given-kids-temporary-behavioral-problems-adhd-341188
|
10.1177/0956797617692041
|
Medicine_132
|
But data from two additional experiments indicate that this unintended increase in consumption can be dampened somewhat by requiring people to get the refills themselves.
|
Thus, the increased consumption observed in the refill condition was driven by consumption of large drinksthe only drink size that included free refills.
|
This may have happened, the researchers surmise, because consumers wanted to get their "money's worth" - that is, they consumed more of the refill since they had already paid for it. But data from two additional experiments indicate that this unintended increase in consumption can be dampened somewhat by requiring people to get the refills themselves. "Taken together, these results suggest that this method of complying with a sugary-drink portion limit could have the perverse effect of increasing consumption," the researchers write.
|
For the large drink, however, the participants consumed 44.0% more calories in the refill condition than in the typical-portion condition (refill: M = 208.05 kcal, SD = 106.69; typical portion: M = 144.51 kcal, SD = 50.43), t(111) = 4.10, p < .001, d = 0.77. Thus, the increased consumption observed in the refill condition was driven by consumption of large drinksthe only drink size that included free refills. The consumption difference held: The participants in the refill condition consumed 26.1% more calories than those in the typicalportion condition (refill: M = 90.46 kcal, SD = 97.39; typical portion: M = 71.71 kcal, SD = 68.05), t(468) = 2.43, p = .016.
|
[5.0, 2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://healthmedicinet.com/news/some-strategies-to-limit-sugary-drinks-may-backfire/
|
10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.10.008
|
Medicine_133
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Furthermore, women whose births had complications were 174 percent more likely to experience PND compared to those women who had no complications.
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We found the odds of PND increased by 71-79% when male infants were born compared to female infants.
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Specifically, University of Kent investigators discovered that women who give birth to males are 71-79 percent more likely to develop PND. Furthermore, women whose births had complications were 174 percent more likely to experience PND compared to those women who had no complications. As a result of their findings, investigators Sarah Johns M.D., and Sarah Myers M.D., believe health care professionals may be able to provide better care for depression by understanding these new risk factors.
|
We found the odds of PND increased by 71-79% when male infants were born compared to female infants. The occurrence of birth complications increased the odds of PND by 174% compared to having no complications. Testing for interaction effects found that, while always at increased risk of PND, women with a tendency towards symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress at other points in the life course had reduced odds of PND when experiencing birth complications, suggesting such women may elicit greater support.
|
[2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37619913738&p=1pl&v=1&x=c7HTLKfs7Zb4iDFM2zXdrQ
|
10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.10.008
|
Medicine_134
|
Furthermore, women whose births had complications were 174 percent more likely to experience PND compared to those women who had no complications.
|
We did not find much evidence for the additive effects of birth complications with other PND risk factors in our sample (low SES, low social support, and a history of depression, anxiety, and stress) as anticipated.
|
Specifically, University of Kent investigators discovered that women who give birth to males are 71-79 percent more likely to develop PND. Furthermore, women whose births had complications were 174 percent more likely to experience PND compared to those women who had no complications. As a result of their findings, investigators Sarah Johns M.D., and Sarah Myers M.D., believe health care professionals may be able to provide better care for depression by understanding these new risk factors.
|
Irrespective of whether post-birth infections are experienced, birth complications are likely to be stressful for women, particularly if they resulted in emergency procedures being undertaken. We did not find much evidence for the additive effects of birth complications with other PND risk factors in our sample (low SES, low social support, and a history of depression, anxiety, and stress) as anticipated. Only one predicted interaction effect was found; male infants increased PND risk when associated with complicated births when PND was measured by clinical diagnosis, but not when PND was determined retrospectively, and inclusion of the interaction term only marginally improved the model performance.
|
[3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.8
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37619913738&p=1pl&v=1&x=c7HTLKfs7Zb4iDFM2zXdrQ
|
10.1186/s12916-017-0986-2
|
Medicine_135
|
"This study highlights how common postoperative complications are among older adults undergoing elective surgery, and the importance of geriatric syndromes, including frailty, in identifying older adults who may be at risk," she said.
|
One study found that, while frail patients with postoperative complications had prolonged hospitalizations (P < 0.001), those without postoperative complications did not (P = 0.19) .
|
"Older adults are a diverse group of patients whose risk of postoperative complications is not solely defined by their age, co-morbidities (multiple health problems) or the type of surgical procedure they receive," Watt said. "This study highlights how common postoperative complications are among older adults undergoing elective surgery, and the importance of geriatric syndromes, including frailty, in identifying older adults who may be at risk," she said. Identifying and addressing risk factors before surgery -- especially smoking and depressive symptoms, Watt said -- could be helpful.
|
Among six studies that investigated frailty as a prognostic factor for prolonged hospitalization, there was a significant association identified in four studies . One study found that, while frail patients with postoperative complications had prolonged hospitalizations (P < 0.001), those without postoperative complications did not (P = 0.19) . Age was identified as a significant prognostic factor for prolonged hospitalization in only two of six studies 2 .
|
[3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33000673455&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZUA80X35mG1U_VnPyqM0hw
|
10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2856
|
Medicine_136
|
"This paper is pointing to a new area of opportunity," he said.
|
Subsequent studies of ophthalmic diseases in relation to AD and dementia may provide important insights into shared pathological pathways, thus enabling better techniques to prevent and treat.
|
The researchers said several factors suggest the effects they uncovered were specific to ophthalmic conditions and not merely age-related phenomenon. "This paper is pointing to a new area of opportunity," he said. Note: material may have been edited for length and content.
|
In summary, glaucoma, AMD, and DR are associated with increased AD risk, whereas cataract is not. Subsequent studies of ophthalmic diseases in relation to AD and dementia may provide important insights into shared pathological pathways, thus enabling better techniques to prevent and treat. Supplementary data related to this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2856.
|
[3.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34765487148&p=1pl&v=1&x=ufEabPDBICA34OF2ZCudfA
|
10.1038/nature13850
|
Medicine_137
|
According to the study, "the unexpected morphology suggests that the magnetic field's role during the accretion of a T Tauri star is more complex than the current theoretical understanding," and that magnetic fields are important in forming a planetary system like our own.
|
Misalignment of the field lines with the rotation axis can help overcome magnetic braking to create a centrifugally supported disk at the 0 AU scale .
|
These CARMA observations found the first detection of the magnetic field morphology in a T Tauri star disk. According to the study, "the unexpected morphology suggests that the magnetic field's role during the accretion of a T Tauri star is more complex than the current theoretical understanding," and that magnetic fields are important in forming a planetary system like our own. While the magnetic field morphology appears significantly more toroidal than poloidal, neither morphology is a good fit.
|
At the 1,000 AU scale, structured magnetic fields are observed around young, low-mass protostars , but the fields appear to be randomly aligned with respect to the inferred disk . Misalignment of the field lines with the rotation axis can help overcome magnetic braking to create a centrifugally supported disk at the 0 AU scale . Further disk evolution can be driven by magnetorotational instability 2 or a magnetocentrifugal wind 1,9 ; a toroidally dominant disk field is expected in the former scenario, and a significant poloidal field is required for the latter (at least near the wind launching surface).
|
[4.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.2
|
news
|
http://www.futurity.org/stars-magnetic-field-803342/
|
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.4951
|
Medicine_138
|
A Genetic Risk for Big Appetites
The importance of catching these signs could become greater if the child is already genetically predisposed to a large appetite.
|
Similar patterns are to be expected in the wider population; therefore, this study corroborates the hypothesis that a hearty appetite in infancy is a risk factor for faster weight gain.
|
This behavior could put her at risk of gaining weight faster than is good for her." A Genetic Risk for Big Appetites
The importance of catching these signs could become greater if the child is already genetically predisposed to a large appetite. "As expected, we found that children with a higher PRS score were likely to have larger BMI and waist circumference," Dr. Clare Llewellyn, lead author of this study, said in the release.
|
25 Our findings indicate that within the same family the sibling with the higher appetite grows faster than the sibling with the lower appetite. Similar patterns are to be expected in the wider population; therefore, this study corroborates the hypothesis that a hearty appetite in infancy is a risk factor for faster weight gain. Our study has several strengths.
|
[4.0, 3.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.666667
|
news
|
http://www.medicaldaily.com/controlling-appetite-may-be-best-bet-curbing-childhood-obesity-269480
|
10.1152/ajpregu.00204.2013
|
Medicine_139
|
This study, the first to look at the effects of CO on the placenta in mice, found that exposing the animals to inhalable CO increased blood flow and vascular growth in the developing placenta, created more, bigger, and stronger connections to the mother's uterus, a process that provides more oxygen and nutrients to the fetus.
|
We demonstrated that the ratio of placental total VEGFR1 to VEGF was significantly reduced in both chronic and acutely exposed animals, indicating a possible mechanism for the placental vessel changes noted.
|
Although toxic at high levels, low levels of CO are produced naturally by the body and have positive effects. This study, the first to look at the effects of CO on the placenta in mice, found that exposing the animals to inhalable CO increased blood flow and vascular growth in the developing placenta, created more, bigger, and stronger connections to the mother's uterus, a process that provides more oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. And, since PE is a multifaceted disorder that begins with abnormal placental development before progressing to maternal disease, the results also suggest the possibility of preventing or treating early PE in humans with controlled CO dosages.
|
Perhaps the CO effect is more strongly related to a decreased sFLT1 release, thus increasing the VEGF bioavailability. We demonstrated that the ratio of placental total VEGFR1 to VEGF was significantly reduced in both chronic and acutely exposed animals, indicating a possible mechanism for the placental vessel changes noted. The placentas of women who smoke in pregnancy have been reported as larger in size, with an increase in branching of the vascular tree ; the authors suggest that this alteration is an adaptation response, increasing surface area for nutrient transfer.
|
[2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.4
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130919154253.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29
|
10.1001/jama.2013.285112
|
Medicine_14
|
We have to attack the problem with renewed commitment, utilizing both the interventions documented to reduce smoking and perhaps new regulatory approaches.
|
In women, life expectancy at age 40 years increased 5.4 years (from 37.4 to 42.7 years), but without tobacco control, it would have been projected to increase by only 3.8 years (from 37.3 to 41.2 years).
|
It is seen by many as a pivotal moment in American public health and as the opening salvo in an ongoing effort to convince people to stop smoking. We have to attack the problem with renewed commitment, utilizing both the interventions documented to reduce smoking and perhaps new regulatory approaches. "The job of tobacco control is far from done."
|
Hence, 2.3 years (CR, 1.8-2.5) or 30% (CR, 23%-32%) of improved life expectancy for men is projected to be associated with tobacco control. In women, life expectancy at age 40 years increased 5.4 years (from 37.4 to 42.7 years), but without tobacco control, it would have been projected to increase by only 3.8 years (from 37.3 to 41.2 years). Tobacco control appears to be associated with 1.6 years (CR, 1.4-1.7) of the improvement in life expectancy for women or 29% (CR, 25%-32%) of the gain.
|
[1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.75
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/public-health-safety/46414-millions-of-lives-saved-since-surgeon-general-s-tobacco-warning-50-years-ago.html
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941
|
Medicine_142
|
In the brains of those living with depressive problems, they discovered a strong connection between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (associated with short-term memory), the precuneus (associated with the self), and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (associated with negative emotion).
|
In particular, in this subgroup of 92, correlations were found for the Depressive Problems score for 6 links involving the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (to the left middle frontal gyrus: r = 0.410; P < .001; left supramarginal gyrus: r =0 .
|
This research could lead to better sleep quality for people with depression, and opens up the possibility of new targeted treatments. In the brains of those living with depressive problems, they discovered a strong connection between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (associated with short-term memory), the precuneus (associated with the self), and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (associated with negative emotion). The analysis showed that these functional connectivities underlie the relation between depressive problems and sleep quality.
|
This was supported by the finding of correlations between the depressive score and many functional connectivities involving the lateral orbitofrontal cortex when only this subgroup of 92 were included. In particular, in this subgroup of 92, correlations were found for the Depressive Problems score for 6 links involving the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (to the left middle frontal gyrus: r = 0.410; P < .001; left supramarginal gyrus: r =0 . 3 77 ; P < .001; left middle cingulate and paracingulate gyri: r =0 .38 5;P < .001; left precuneus: r = 0.430; P < .001; left insula: r = 0.348; P < .001; and to 2 ROIs within the right middle cingulate and paracingulate gyri: r = 0.368 and r = 0.402; P < .001 for both), 7 links involving the anterior cingulate cortex (to the left supplementary motor area: r = 0.446; P < .001; right postcentral gyrus: r = 0.368; P < .001; temporal pole [middle temporal gyrus]: r = 0.338; Depression score
|
[2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.2
|
news
|
https://www.futurity.org/depression-sleep-problems-insomnia-1821432-2/
|
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y
|
Medicine_143
|
"This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out.
|
This supports an interplay between the nap and subsequent overnight sleep in the consolidation of memories in young children.
|
As in observations by others, "both a nap and subsequent overnight sleep was necessary to observe performance benefits." "This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out. "Given the importance of socio-emotional learning in preschool naps averaging 70 minutes may support the curricular goals of early childhood education.
|
A significant benefit of napping was observed only when changes across the entire 24-hour period were considered. This supports an interplay between the nap and subsequent overnight sleep in the consolidation of memories in young children. A day of continuous wake led to significant forgetting, particularly for the habitually napping children, which could not be reversed with overnight sleep.
|
[5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw
|
10.1073/pnas.1504869112
|
Medicine_144
|
The study will be useful in guiding scientists working to predict the trajectory of carbon storage as atmospheric concentrations rise, and it may help explain recent observations that the carbon storage capacity of tropical forests is declining.
|
Notwithstanding, our results indicate that, due to their unique attributes, lianas have the potential to severely reduce both the carbon sink potential and long-term carbon storage capacity of tropical forests.
|
Extrapolating their results to tropical forests as a whole, the team calculated that lianas could potentially reduce long-term storage of carbon in tropical forests by one-third or more. The study will be useful in guiding scientists working to predict the trajectory of carbon storage as atmospheric concentrations rise, and it may help explain recent observations that the carbon storage capacity of tropical forests is declining. "This is the first time the effect of lianas on carbon cycling has been shown in such detail and on a large scale," Powers says.
|
Longer-term data are needed to assess whether this initial difference in carbon sink potential persists over time. Notwithstanding, our results indicate that, due to their unique attributes, lianas have the potential to severely reduce both the carbon sink potential and long-term carbon storage capacity of tropical forests. While the strength of the liana effect will vary with the density and biomass of lianas, the increase in liana density, biomass, and productivity reported in many neotropical forests (9, 10, 23) may be partially responsible for the longterm decline in the Amazonian carbon sink , which in turn contributes to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and accelerated climate change.
|
[3.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.333333
|
news
|
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/PUyOGba13Ho/
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1941
|
Medicine_146
|
An analysis of the records of 9,735 people living with depressive problems found that there was increased activity between these brain regions in people who also reported disrupted sleep patterns, and that's a crucial discovery in our understanding of these conditions.
|
Further, the mediating effects of the 39 functional connectivities of the effects of the sleep quality on the depressive problems had much lower significance (3.4% of the total effect size, =0.016, p=0.0095, Fig.
|
Researchers found a strong connection between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (responsible for short-term memory), the precuneus (linked with ideas of the self) and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (associated with negative emotions). An analysis of the records of 9,735 people living with depressive problems found that there was increased activity between these brain regions in people who also reported disrupted sleep patterns, and that's a crucial discovery in our understanding of these conditions. "These findings provide a neural basis for understanding how depression relates to poor sleep quality, and this in turn has implications for treatment of depression and improvement of sleep quality because of the brain areas identified."
|
In the reverse direction, only 2 links significantly mediated effects of sleep quality on depressive problems with FDR correction. Further, the mediating effects of the 39 functional connectivities of the effects of the sleep quality on the depressive problems had much lower significance (3.4% of the total effect size, =0.016, p=0.0095, Fig. S4 ) than for the effect in the opposite direction described above.
|
[3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34644678837&p=1pl&v=1&x=NPMHP58RsDT7VzhGCx19YA
|
10.1038/s41467-018-05709-0
|
Medicine_147
|
In their experiments, the pharmacologists were able to show that it not only suppresses acute itch, but is also effective against chronic itch.
|
Our results indicate that drugs targeting α2 and α3GABA A receptors are well-suited to alleviate itch, including nonhistaminergic chronic itch for which currently no approved treatment exists.
|
In their experiments, the pharmacologists were able to show that it not only suppresses acute itch, but is also effective against chronic itch. Mice that were administered with the drug scratched themselves less often, and their skin changes healed significantly quicker than in animals that were given a placebo. The same itch-suppressant effect was also observed in tests with dogs carried out by the researchers in cooperation with the University of Zurich's Veterinary Department.
|
Systemic treatment with an α2/α3GABA A receptor selective modulator alleviates also chronic itch in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis and in dogs sensitized to house dust mites, without inducing sedation, motor dysfunction, or loss of antipruritic activity after prolonged treatment. Our results indicate that drugs targeting α2 and α3GABA A receptors are well-suited to alleviate itch, including nonhistaminergic chronic itch for which currently no approved treatment exists. These itch-relay pathways appear to be under tight control by dorsal horn inhibitory neurons.
|
[3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 3.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34818663460&p=1pl&v=1&x=L-gib_N5MhiGEP62jfuz-g
|
10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.07.004
|
Medicine_148
|
The investigators found that smokers who used a combination of specialist behavioral support and medication in their quit attempts reported higher levels of urges to smoke than did smokers who tried to quit unaided.
|
After adjusting for this confounder, we found that smokers who use a combination of specialist behavioral support and medication in their quit attempts had almost 3 times the odds of success than did those who used neither medication nor behavioral support.
|
A total of 23% reported not smoking at the end of the six-month period. The investigators found that smokers who used a combination of specialist behavioral support and medication in their quit attempts reported higher levels of urges to smoke than did smokers who tried to quit unaided. After adjusting for this, they found smokers using the combination approach had almost three times the odds of success than did those who used neither medication nor behavioral support.
|
8 Still, smokers who used medication and behavioral support reported higher levels of urges to smoke than did smokers who tried to quit unaided. After adjusting for this confounder, we found that smokers who use a combination of specialist behavioral support and medication in their quit attempts had almost 3 times the odds of success than did those who used neither medication nor behavioral support. We also found that smokers who bought nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) over the counter with no behavioral support had similar odds of success at stopping as did those who stop without any aid.
|
[1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141008083514.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0500
|
Medicine_149
|
This study, which may be the broadest look yet at use of antipsychotics in children, found that most children had not been diagnosed with a mental disorder before being given antipsychotics.
|
However, only a minority filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions from a child and adolescent psychiatrist (29.3% of young children, 39.2% of older children, 39.2% of adolescents, and 14.2% of young adults in 2010).
|
Boys were more likely to be given the medications. This study, which may be the broadest look yet at use of antipsychotics in children, found that most children had not been diagnosed with a mental disorder before being given antipsychotics. ADHD was the most common diagnosis, applied to 52.5 percent of young children, 60 percent of older children, and 34.9 percent of teenagers diagnosed with ADHD.
|
Most young people treated with antipsychotics in each age group filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions that were written by a psychiatrist (57.9% of young children, 71.9% of older children, 77.9% of adolescents, and 70.4% of young adults in 2010) ( Table 2) . However, only a minority filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions from a child and adolescent psychiatrist (29.3% of young children, 39.2% of older children, 39.2% of adolescents, and 14.2% of young adults in 2010). Younger children treated with antipsychotics were proportionately the least likely of the 4 age groups to have filled 1 or more antipsychotic prescriptions from a psychiatrist.
|
[1.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/07/01/418935734/antipsychotics-too-often-prescribed-for-aggression-in-children
|
10.1038/s41598-018-20760-z
|
Medicine_15
|
An AFM height image recorded 1 hour after SDS injection showed random unevenness on the surface, which indicates random adsorption of SDS molecules on the graphene surface.
|
This result indicates spontaneous random adsorption of the SDS molecules onto the graphene surface after the SDS solution injection.
|
The development of a reliable method that enables the perfect alignment of molecules or molecular assemblies on a graphene surface may lead the way to tune the electric properties of graphene, and to improve the performance of graphene-based electronic devices. An AFM height image recorded 1 hour after SDS injection showed random unevenness on the surface, which indicates random adsorption of SDS molecules on the graphene surface. After 15 minutes of intense AFM scanning, the SDS adsorption morphology drastically changed and many ribbon-like molecules were observed.
|
The height of the graphene increased by ~2.5 nm overall, and aggregates of various size appeared (see Supplementary Fig. This result indicates spontaneous random adsorption of the SDS molecules onto the graphene surface after the SDS solution injection. The subsequent intense scanning with a large force between the tip and sample (see Methods) drastically modified the SDS adsorption morphology; the initially adsorbed SDS molecules were removed, and new patterned structures emerged on the surface (see Supplementary Movie S1, Supplementary Note 1, and Supplementary Fig.
|
[4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.5
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33624582612&p=1pl&v=1&x=OROGVuUGDgkWIep8DYDL5w
|
10.1210/jc.2013-2350
|
Medicine_150
|
Women diagnosed with PCOS were hospitalized more often for mental health disorders such as depression, stress and anxiety than other study participants.
|
Evaluation of women with PCOS should exclude alternate androgen-excess disorders and risk factors for endometrial cancer, mood disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
|
Women who had PCOS also had a higher rate of endometrial cancer, or cancer of the lining of the uterus. Women diagnosed with PCOS were hospitalized more often for mental health disorders such as depression, stress and anxiety than other study participants. A PCOS diagnosis also was associated with a higher risk of late onset diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, asthma and musculoskeletal disorders.
|
We suggest using the Rotterdam criteria for diagnosing PCOS (presence of two of the following criteria: androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, or polycystic ovaries). Evaluation of women with PCOS should exclude alternate androgen-excess disorders and risk factors for endometrial cancer, mood disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Thiazolidinediones have an unfavorable riskbenefit ratio overall, and statins require further study.
|
[2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.4
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/female-reproductive/59582-women-diagnosed-with-pcos-twice-as-likely-to-be-hospitalized.html
|
10.1111/cdep.12038
|
Medicine_151
|
In fact, children who are spanked tend to become more aggressive over time, not less.
|
Spanking alone does not teach children why their behavior was wrong or what they should do instead .
|
Overwhelming evidence
It's actually quite stunning that any parent today would use corporal punishment when the evidence overwhelmingly shows that this form of discipline is harmful, not helpful, to a child's development. In fact, children who are spanked tend to become more aggressive over time, not less. In addition, children who are spanked are at significantly greater risk of being physically abused.
|
It is difficult to imagine that a parent would be able to meet all these criteria when administering spanking; indeed, it would likely be both inadvisable and bordering on abusive if parents spanked children following every instance of a given misbehavior. Spanking alone does not teach children why their behavior was wrong or what they should do instead . Rather, it teaches them that they must behave when the threat of physical punishment exists, but once the threat is gone, they have no reason to behave appropriately .
|
[2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.75
|
news
|
http://www.minnpost.com/second-opinion/2014/04/parents-often-spank-out-anger-and-trival-reasons-real-time-study-finds
|
10.1038/s41467-018-05229-x
|
Medicine_152
|
In a bulk solid, Wannier-Stark localization can only be maintained for an extremely short period of time, shorter than a single oscillation of infrared light.
|
Instead, they will be further excited to the energetically higher conduction and the lower valence bands, respectively, which will actually reduce their contribution to the bleaching of the optical absorption in the frequency range that is investigated here.
|
"This fundamental effect was predicted more than 80 years ago. In a bulk solid, Wannier-Stark localization can only be maintained for an extremely short period of time, shorter than a single oscillation of infrared light. Using the ultrafast laser systems at the University of Konstanz, Wannier-Stark localization has now been demonstrated for the first time.
|
In the experiment, the electron and hole occupations generated by an intense THz field will not stay in the lowest conduction and the highest valence bands. Instead, they will be further excited to the energetically higher conduction and the lower valence bands, respectively, which will actually reduce their contribution to the bleaching of the optical absorption in the frequency range that is investigated here. Thus the results obtained within the two-band model are expected to provide a lower estimate for the THz amplitude up to which Eq.
|
[2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.5
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34669971079&p=1pl&v=1&x=vdqBVutlRrBG6NrsU9ADLw
|
10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1030
|
Medicine_154
|
"The scale of this variation signals potential quality issues that should be quite alarming to women, clinicians, hospitals and policymakers," she added.Cesarean delivery is the most common surgery in the United States, performed on 1.67 million women each year.
|
43 State or federal public health agencies or licensing and accreditation boards can increase transparency and information availability through public reporting requirements for hospital cesarean delivery rates among lower-risk women, for example.
|
The variations we uncovered were striking in their magnitude, and were not explained by hospital size, geographic location, or teaching status," study lead author Katy Kozhimannil, an assistant professor at the university's School of Public Health, said in a school news release. "The scale of this variation signals potential quality issues that should be quite alarming to women, clinicians, hospitals and policymakers," she added.Cesarean delivery is the most common surgery in the United States, performed on 1.67 million women each year. Cesarean rates increased from 20.7 percent in 1996 to 32.8 percent in 2011, according to the Minnesota researchers.
|
42 ▸ENHANCE PATIENT-CENTERED DECISION MAKING FOR MATERNITY CARE THROUGH PUBLIC REPORTING: Some pregnant women may face limited care options and lack full information on risks, benefits, and alternatives associated with medical care at the time of childbirth. 43 State or federal public health agencies or licensing and accreditation boards can increase transparency and information availability through public reporting requirements for hospital cesarean delivery rates among lower-risk women, for example. 45 In the case of obstetric care, such a strategy may be more promising as a result of rising public demand and the fact that pregnant women have many months to plan for and make decisions about childbirth care.
|
[2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.8
|
news
|
http://www.webmd.com/baby/news/20130304/c-section-rates-vary-widely-at-us-hospitals
|
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y
|
Medicine_155
|
The researchers say another highlight of their work is finding that naps do contribute to emotion processing in preschool children, which is consistent with parents' and early childhood teachers' observations, though this benefit in emotional memory is delayed, say Spencer and colleagues.
|
predict ΔRecall 24-hr (B = −0.005, p = 0.983), nor was there a significant relationship between ΔRecall 24hr and the average SWA across both the nap and the overnight sleep bouts (B = −0.081, p = 0.936).
|
This supports an interplay between the nap and subsequent overnight sleep in the consolidation of memories in young children." The researchers say another highlight of their work is finding that naps do contribute to emotion processing in preschool children, which is consistent with parents' and early childhood teachers' observations, though this benefit in emotional memory is delayed, say Spencer and colleagues. This delay may reflect "short-term destabilization of an enriched memory," they add.
|
When children napped, it took them longer to Table 2 . predict ΔRecall 24-hr (B = −0.005, p = 0.983), nor was there a significant relationship between ΔRecall 24hr and the average SWA across both the nap and the overnight sleep bouts (B = −0.081, p = 0.936). In light of the reduced accuracy across the nap predicting improvements in accuracy overnight (Fig.
|
[1.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.666667
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw
|
10.1038/s41598-018-29793-w
|
Medicine_157
|
The discovery surprised even the longtime cold researchers who made it.
|
Thus, microbiota at the time of infection may influence subsequent rhinovirus viral load.
|
The compositions also were found to correlate with viral load - the amount of cold virus inside the body. The discovery surprised even the longtime cold researchers who made it. "The first surprise was that you can kind of identify these different buckets that people kind of fit into, and then the fact that the buckets seem to have some impact on how you respond to the virus and how sick you get was also interesting," said Ronald B. Turner, MD, of the University of Virginia School of Medicine.
|
Subjects with Ps/Mix cluster had significantly lower viral load than those subjects with Mor or Staph predominant microbiota types (Fig. Thus, microbiota at the time of infection may influence subsequent rhinovirus viral load. The results also suggest that high inflammatory response does not lead to low viral load as the subjects with Ps/Mix and Mor clusters had both relatively high inflammatory cytokine response and only Ps/Mix cluster had low viral load.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37216978560&p=1pl&v=1&x=LVY7mDoQyN4rZ-ttzNExlg
|
10.1038/s41467-019-08382-z
|
Medicine_158
|
These interactions help Hel2 identify flaws in protein formation.
|
This indicates reduced RNA-binding efficiency, particularly for Hel2 .
|
This clears the way for further proteins to be produced. These interactions help Hel2 identify flaws in protein formation. When researchers removed the parts of Hel2 in direct contact, this prevented the destruction of faulty proteins, showing that these contacts are important for the mechanism.
|
Despite this, total recovery of RNA in association with the mutant proteins was not increased in comparison to wild-type Hel2 ( Supplementary Tables 5-7) . This indicates reduced RNA-binding efficiency, particularly for Hel2 . In CRAC analyses, both truncation mutants showed substantially altered rRNA recovery, with reduced binding at the major site in 18S rRNA ( Fig.
|
[2.0, 4.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38442592628&p=1pl&v=1&x=6qnjJlZN_F0RgmqDHnl0dA
|
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.266
|
Medicine_159
|
"Here again, a good understanding of wildlife consumer demography, economic status, and motivations is essential to the design of effective policy with limited un-intended consequences on more vulnerable communities," the authors write.
|
On a policy level, these aspects can appear as competing priorities between wildlife conservation, sustainable use, food safety, food security, and cultural aspects.
|
From questionnaires administered to both seller and buyers, the team found that most consumers bought bushmeat not because they needed the protein, but because they preferred the taste of it to livestock or they saw it as a healthier choice. "Here again, a good understanding of wildlife consumer demography, economic status, and motivations is essential to the design of effective policy with limited un-intended consequences on more vulnerable communities," the authors write. The study found that, in general, the threat of punishment for breaking Laos's laws controlling the trade in wild animals appeared to do little to dissuade vendors.
|
Therefore, it is clear that the hunting, trade, and consumption of wildlife are concurrently concerns for zoonotic disease transmission, significant sources of nutrients and/or livelihood for some communities, and major causes of biodiversity loss. On a policy level, these aspects can appear as competing priorities between wildlife conservation, sustainable use, food safety, food security, and cultural aspects. Given the flexibility of QRA methods such as Monte Carlo simulations, we further recommend their use as a tool for multi-disciplinary data integration for the evaluation of the multiple trade-offs of the bushmeat system.
|
[2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.75
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39231575932&p=1pl&v=1&x=ugOkJg6MHSJ-5jXepqCzLA
|
10.1093/jee/tou026
|
Medicine_16
|
After removing the bark from one of the trees, he found evidence that at least three generations of emerald ash borer larvae had used the tree, and he saw several live larvae that were actively feeding.
|
Removal of bark from one of these trees yielded evidence of three generations of usage by emerald ash borer, a dead adult, and live emerald ash borer larvae.
|
Fortunately, its damage has been limited to ash trees -- or so we thought. After removing the bark from one of the trees, he found evidence that at least three generations of emerald ash borer larvae had used the tree, and he saw several live larvae that were actively feeding. In addition, he found a dead adult that has been confirmed as emerald ash borer.
|
In total, 4 of the 20 mature white fringetrees I examined over this period showed symptoms of emerald ash borer attack. Removal of bark from one of these trees yielded evidence of three generations of usage by emerald ash borer, a dead adult, and live emerald ash borer larvae. Some of the other trees I examined may have contained feeding larvae for the first time in 2014 and whose damage was not yet apparent externally.
|
[3.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.5
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150115102827.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29
|
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z
|
Medicine_160
|
The authors found that the intestinal tracts of infants fed by non-secretor mothers are delayed in establishing a bifidobacteria-dominated microbiota.
|
At first glance, it appeared as if there were no species-level differences in the bifidobacterial populations of secretorfed and non-secretor-fed infants ( Figure 11 ).
|
The study found that, on average, Bifidobacterium were established earlier and more frequently in infants fed by women with an active copy of the gene, the secretors, than without one, the non-secretors. The authors found that the intestinal tracts of infants fed by non-secretor mothers are delayed in establishing a bifidobacteria-dominated microbiota. The delay, the authors said, may be due to difficulties in the infant acquiring a species of bifidobacteria that is geared toward consuming the specific milk sugar delivered by the mother.
|
In addition, of the two isolates obtained from non-secretor-fed infants that could grow on 2FL, one was a Bifidobacterium dentium strain, a species adapted to oral niches . At first glance, it appeared as if there were no species-level differences in the bifidobacterial populations of secretorfed and non-secretor-fed infants ( Figure 11 ). However, a difference was noted between secretor-fed infants and non-secretor-fed infants in which bifidobacterial species were present in high relative abundances when compared to the microbiota as a whole.
|
[2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150409143035.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1126/science.1252496
|
Medicine_162
|
"These particles are so precious.
|
The observed impact density of nonterrestrial materials on the foils is 0.8 cm −2 , and thus the fraction of impacts of interplanetary origin is estimated to be 0.17/0.8 = 0.2.
|
While the samples are suspected to be from beyond the solar system, he says, potential confirmation of their origin must come from subsequent tests that will ultimately destroy some of the particles. "These particles are so precious. We have to think very carefully about what we do with each particle."
|
Although the trajectories of the four foil interstellar candidates are unknown, statistical arguments based on trajectories still apply. The observed impact density of nonterrestrial materials on the foils is 0.8 cm −2 , and thus the fraction of impacts of interplanetary origin is estimated to be 0.17/0.8 = 0.2. This value is in good agreement with the preflight estimates of Landgraf et al.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1
|
news
|
http://www.nanowerk.com/news2/space/newsid=37140.php
|
10.1111/1365-2656.12871
|
Medicine_163
|
"The effect of RHDV disease virus on rabbits is enhanced by previous infection with MYXV virus.
|
These suggestions are speculative, and not mutually exclusive, but could be a starting point for examining why rabbits challenged with MYXV have survival rates similar to susceptible animals.
|
It is no longer a case of which disease is a better control agent, because their effectiveness is intrinsically linked." "The effect of RHDV disease virus on rabbits is enhanced by previous infection with MYXV virus. Survival rates were lowest for rabbits which survived MYXV infection and then were exposed to RHDV disease," says Dr Fordham from the University's Environment Institute.
|
Another possible explanation is that exposure to MYXV compromises the health of rabbits in such a way that it reduces the survival of individuals subsequently infected by RHDV. These suggestions are speculative, and not mutually exclusive, but could be a starting point for examining why rabbits challenged with MYXV have survival rates similar to susceptible animals. When interpreting these results, it is important to consider that the odds ratios of the survival of susceptible and immune rabbits (i.e., those surviving infection) do not provide precise estimates of infection-induced mortality rates.
|
[2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34506942217&p=1pl&v=1&x=OCP5j07SbNKK_Tx7JPH1Dw
|
10.1038/s41598-018-29793-w
|
Medicine_164
|
Each nasal microbiota type had a characteristic inflammatory response and viral load profile.
|
Our study is aligned with the previous findings suggesting that the microbiota in the nose has seasonal variation.
|
The study team found that the baseline nasal microbiota samples divided into six types named after predominant bacterial genera: (1) Staphylococcus, (2) Corynebacterium/Alloiococcus, (3) Moraxella, (4) Haemophilus, (5) Pseudomonadaceae/Mixed, and (6) Mixed. Each nasal microbiota type had a characteristic inflammatory response and viral load profile. In general, subjects having Staphyloccocus, and Corynebacterium/Alloiococcus types had lower inflammatory responses and Pseudomonadaceae/Mixed type had lower viral load than other types.
|
The microbiota clusters appear to associate with different inflammatory response, viral titer, and symptom severity profiles in rhinovirus infection. Our study is aligned with the previous findings suggesting that the microbiota in the nose has seasonal variation. We further found that rhinovirus infection did not have a major impact on the nasal microbiota.
|
[3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.75
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37212363335&p=1pl&v=1&x=sLcdfRtU-o1Jl6n2DiKDzQ
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0500
|
Medicine_165
|
This study, which may be the broadest look yet at use of antipsychotics in children, found that most children had not been diagnosed with a mental disorder before being given antipsychotics.
|
After several years of increasing rates of antipsychotic treatment of children and adolescents in the United States, the rate of antipsychotic use among children decreased between 2008 and 2010.
|
Boys were more likely to be given the medications. This study, which may be the broadest look yet at use of antipsychotics in children, found that most children had not been diagnosed with a mental disorder before being given antipsychotics. ADHD was the most common diagnosis, applied to 52.5 percent of young children, 60 percent of older children, and 34.9 percent of teenagers diagnosed with ADHD.
|
Fourth, service claims data were available only for a subset of patients. After several years of increasing rates of antipsychotic treatment of children and adolescents in the United States, the rate of antipsychotic use among children decreased between 2008 and 2010. In view of evidence of widespread antipsychotic prescribing outside of US Food and Drug Administration-labeled indications and concerns regarding the adverse metabolic effects of second-generation antipsychotics, 49 this decline is a welcome development.
|
[3.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.333333
|
news
|
http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/07/01/418935734/antipsychotics-too-often-prescribed-for-aggression-in-children
|
10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4
|
Medicine_166
|
There's No Silver Lining
To make matters worse, the study also notes that these drastic changes will still happen even if the world decreases its carbon emission significantly.
|
With respect to the decades following 2050, however, attainment of the goals of the Paris Agreement's climate warming target (i.e., holding global warming to well below 2°C above preindustrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C) 29 would make a clear difference in terms of potential damage to infrastructure ( Fig.
|
There's No Silver Lining
To make matters worse, the study also notes that these drastic changes will still happen even if the world decreases its carbon emission significantly. The new findings revealed "an unprecedentedly high spatial resolution" perspective of how permafrost will jeopardize infrastructure. The findings also showed that one-third of all Arctic infrastructure rests on a piece of land that is highly likely to thaw by 2050.
|
This result is congruent with projected changes in the Arctic 1 , and emphasizes the need for adaptation-based policies at community and regional levels in the near future. With respect to the decades following 2050, however, attainment of the goals of the Paris Agreement's climate warming target (i.e., holding global warming to well below 2°C above preindustrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C) 29 would make a clear difference in terms of potential damage to infrastructure ( Fig. Considering the uncertainty embedded in the projections of ground temperature and annual thaw depth, the quantity of infrastructure potentially under risk is probably not considerably smaller (lower limit), but could be substantially larger (upper limit) than estimated ( Fig.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.333333
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37967333906&p=1pl&v=1&x=ltio0H7-Rr6r3LuvSX7DEA
|
10.1093/chemse/bjt066
|
Medicine_167
|
In this study, however, cumin - which was rated positively when presented with the label "Indian food" - did not result in a slower reaction time, unlike parmesan cheese, which yield slower reaction times and was rated positively when presented with the "parmesan cheese" label.
|
Furthermore, we found an impact of labels on intensity ratings for one of the administered odors that goes against our hypothesis.
|
"We were surprised by this result because we expected reaction times to increase when all four odours were associated with positive labels," says Manescu. In this study, however, cumin - which was rated positively when presented with the label "Indian food" - did not result in a slower reaction time, unlike parmesan cheese, which yield slower reaction times and was rated positively when presented with the "parmesan cheese" label. "Although descriptions appear to influence reaction time, this may be modulated by label fit and the edibility attributed to an odour or label," concludes Manescu.
|
These findings further strengthen the concept that odor perception is influenced by cognitive interpretation. Furthermore, we found an impact of labels on intensity ratings for one of the administered odors that goes against our hypothesis. We found that participants rated geraniol as more intense when it was labeled positively ("fresh flowers") than when labeled negatively ("cheap perfume").
|
[2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4
|
news
|
http://www.newswise.com/articles/smelling-with-our-eyes-descriptions-affect-odour-perception
|
10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x
|
Medicine_168
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Older parents, between the ages of 35 -- 49, have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth and stay at a higher level of happiness after becoming parents.
|
We then analyze the patterns for different socioeconomic groups and parities and show that the changes in subjective well-being over the transition to parenthood are highly consistent with the low and late fertility behavior that has emerged during the second demographic transition: older parents and those with more socioeconomic resources have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth, and the temporary happiness gain around the time of birth declines with the number of children that one already has.
|
Those who have children at an older age or who are more educated have a particularly positive response to a first birth. Older parents, between the ages of 35 -- 49, have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth and stay at a higher level of happiness after becoming parents. Those who become parents in their teens have a predominantly declining pattern of happiness that does not increase above the baseline even during the year of birth.
|
Importantly, we observe that happiness increases before birth, suggesting that the happiness gain around the time of birth may capture not only the effect of the birth but also the complex childbearing process that may involve partnership formation, partnership quality, and increased sexual activity. We then analyze the patterns for different socioeconomic groups and parities and show that the changes in subjective well-being over the transition to parenthood are highly consistent with the low and late fertility behavior that has emerged during the second demographic transition: older parents and those with more socioeconomic resources have the strongest happiness gains around the time of birth, and the temporary happiness gain around the time of birth declines with the number of children that one already has. These results were similar in Britain and Germany.
|
[2.0, 5.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.25
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141028082454.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1098/rspb.2013.3172
|
Medicine_169
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Bauch said that as this trend continues, people will come to find themselves in a situation where vaccination coverage has declined and populations are more susceptible to disease.
|
Vaccine scares can have long-term impacts on vaccine coverage, causing depressed coverage even after the perceived vaccine risk has returned to baseline levels.
|
Although pediatric vaccination is mandatory across most of North America's public school, the researchers report that the number of parents applying for their children to be exempt from vaccination requirements is on the rise. Bauch said that as this trend continues, people will come to find themselves in a situation where vaccination coverage has declined and populations are more susceptible to disease. "Parents are not cold, clinical rationalists who base their decisions only on data.
|
The social learning rate k can also influence whether the population converges to no vaccine coverage or returns to full vaccine coverage, after a vaccine scare (figure 5). Vaccine scares can have long-term impacts on vaccine coverage, causing depressed coverage even after the perceived vaccine risk has returned to baseline levels. This is obvious in comparisons of the fitted model appearing in figure 1e,f to simulations of the same model, but where the pertussis vaccine scare never occurred (s ¼ 1, figure 6 ).
|
[3.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/6038/20140214/vaccine-scares-perpetrate-below-optimal-coverage-spread-infectious-diseases.htm
|
10.1210/jc.2013-2350
|
Medicine_17
|
Researchers analyzing the data found women who were diagnosed with PCOS were more likely to be hospitalized for reasons unrelated to reproductive health or injury than their counterparts.
|
We suggest no specific interventions for prevention of PCOS in offspring of women with PCOS (2͉QEEE).
|
Additional health care resources should be directed to address the risks facing this population." Researchers analyzing the data found women who were diagnosed with PCOS were more likely to be hospitalized for reasons unrelated to reproductive health or injury than their counterparts. Women who had PCOS were more likely to have miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies or other gynecological conditions such as irregular menstrual periods and endometriosis.
|
Whether these increased risks are due to PCOS itself or the features associated with PCOS such as IR or obesity requires further study. We suggest no specific interventions for prevention of PCOS in offspring of women with PCOS (2͉QEEE). Androgen levels may be increased in pregnant women with PCOS .
|
[2.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.333333
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/female-reproductive/59582-women-diagnosed-with-pcos-twice-as-likely-to-be-hospitalized.html
|
10.1002/ijc.31746
|
Medicine_170
|
"We found that small genetic changes to the ANO7 gene increase a patient's risk of aggressive prostate cancer.
|
In our study, higher ANO7 mRNA expression strongly correlated with poor overall survival in PrCa patients.
|
They were particularly interested in studying mutations to the ANO7 gene because their previous research suggested this could be a gene of interest for prostate cancer. "We found that small genetic changes to the ANO7 gene increase a patient's risk of aggressive prostate cancer. Genetic testing for ANO7 could help identify these patients sooner and may bring new opportunities for precision oncology in prostate cancer," says the leading author of the study, Professor Johanna Schleutker from the Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Turku, Finland.
|
on the other hand, reported high individual variability of ANO expression between individual samples, both in terms of absolute expression levels and of expression level ratios between matched normal and tumorous prostate. In our study, higher ANO7 mRNA expression strongly correlated with poor overall survival in PrCa patients. Multivariate analysis compared high and low ANO7 expression and showed an even stronger negative survival effect than the model with the three selected SNPs, indicating that there might be additional variants that regulate expression.
|
[4.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.4
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34961246227&p=1pl&v=1&x=fiF8OmDGvWhClXOSUOnd9w
|
10.1073/pnas.1515528113
|
Medicine_171
|
"The greatest benefits of HPV vaccination both in terms of cancer reduction and health care costs are realized when policy promoting vaccination is coordinated across states," said Alison Galvani, the Burnett and Stender Families Professor of Epidemiology and director of CIDMA.
|
Therefore, both cervical cancer incidence and expenditure can be substantially reduced if the states coordinate policies to promote expansion of coverage, particularly for the new nonavalent vaccine.
|
In addition, efforts to expand HPV vaccination, particularly in states with low coverage, could prevent even more cancers and deaths, said the researchers, adding that due to interstate migration, all states would benefit if they aligned vaccination policy. "The greatest benefits of HPV vaccination both in terms of cancer reduction and health care costs are realized when policy promoting vaccination is coordinated across states," said Alison Galvani, the Burnett and Stender Families Professor of Epidemiology and director of CIDMA. Furthermore, increased funding to states could improve vaccine coverage and public health, the researchers noted.
|
Because of interstate migration and the long duration between HPV infection and resultant cervical cancer, much of the benefit of vaccination will be realized beyond a state's borders. Therefore, both cervical cancer incidence and expenditure can be substantially reduced if the states coordinate policies to promote expansion of coverage, particularly for the new nonavalent vaccine. Both of these vaccines are highly efficacious against HPV-16 and HPV-18 and are partially efficacious against other non-vaccine-targeted oncogenic serotypes .
|
[4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4
|
news
|
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/tL7ylLtvSRo/
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0500
|
Medicine_173
|
Performing the most extensive analysis of antipsychotic use among children and adolescents of its kind, the study authors found that drugs normally recommended for the treatment of mental illnesses like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are often being given to children and teens suffering from self-limiting behavioral dysfunctions or conditions like Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
|
This age profile refines earlier reports of steadily increasing rates of antipsychotic use across multiyear developmental categories of childhood to adolescence 28 to early adulthood.
|
Performing the most extensive analysis of antipsychotic use among children and adolescents of its kind, the study authors found that drugs normally recommended for the treatment of mental illnesses like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are often being given to children and teens suffering from self-limiting behavioral dysfunctions or conditions like Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. "What's especially important is the finding that around 1.5 percent of boys aged 10-18 are on antipsychotics, and then this rate abruptly falls by half, as adolescents become young adults." Boys were more likely than girls to be prescribed these drugs, and the researchers were encouraged that, overall, antipsychotic use among children has slightly dropped from 2008 to 2010.
|
There was a rise in antipsychotic use during childhood that extended into adolescence for females, followed by a plateau and a decline during the transition to early adulthood. This age profile refines earlier reports of steadily increasing rates of antipsychotic use across multiyear developmental categories of childhood to adolescence 28 to early adulthood. 29 A peak in antipsychotic use among males aged 11 to 17 years fits with treatment of conduct problems that commonly occur during adolescence.
|
[3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.4
|
news
|
http://www.medicaldaily.com/antipsychotics-are-being-given-kids-temporary-behavioral-problems-adhd-341188
|
10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.056
|
Medicine_174
|
The second surprise came with the unearthing of CD81's inner cavity and the discovery that it can hold a cholesterol molecule.
|
The tetraspanin CD81 contains a large intramembrane cavity occupied by cholesterol, indicating the potential for functional modulation by small molecules.
|
"It's different from all prior predictions," said Blacklow. The second surprise came with the unearthing of CD81's inner cavity and the discovery that it can hold a cholesterol molecule. That got the team especially excited, because it revealed that researchers can now try to manipulate CD81 using cholesterol or other small molecules.
|
Cholesterol binding appears to modulate CD81 activity in cells, suggesting a potential mechanism for regulation of tetraspanin function. The tetraspanin CD81 contains a large intramembrane cavity occupied by cholesterol, indicating the potential for functional modulation by small molecules. The development of specialized cell-cell interactions and new cell types likely selected for the duplication and differentiation of tetraspanins that evolved to effect specific functions.
|
[4.0, 4.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4
|
news
|
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/Ay74vlkGcfw/
|
10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4
|
Medicine_175
|
"This is the first study to explicitly show the amount of fundamental infrastructure potentially at risk across the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area under climate change," Hjort and his colleagues wrote in the paper.
|
Detrimental effects on engineered structures, socio-economic activities, and natural systems can, therefore, all be expected throughout the permafrost domain under climate warming 1 , particularly in high-risk areas with substantial urban and industrial centres such as Vorkuta and Novyi Urengoy in hot spots of infrastructure hazard in the Russian Arctic ( Fig.
|
The team found that 3.6 million people--three quarters of the current population in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area--may be affected by infrastructure damage from permafrost thaw. "This is the first study to explicitly show the amount of fundamental infrastructure potentially at risk across the Northern Hemisphere permafrost area under climate change," Hjort and his colleagues wrote in the paper. The most vulnerable areas identified in the paper are home to nearly one million people, and contain 36,000 buildings, 13,000 kilometers of roads, and 100 airports.
|
The potential harm to industrial facilities could be larger than estimated (pipelines: estimate = 32%, range = 24-70%; industrial areas: estimate = 25%, range = 20-64%) ( Fig. Detrimental effects on engineered structures, socio-economic activities, and natural systems can, therefore, all be expected throughout the permafrost domain under climate warming 1 , particularly in high-risk areas with substantial urban and industrial centres such as Vorkuta and Novyi Urengoy in hot spots of infrastructure hazard in the Russian Arctic ( Fig. adaptation strategies and structures such as insulation and thermosyphons that were not considered in this pan-Arctic study) can to some extent address both human-induced and naturally caused problems, their economic cost may be prohibitive at regional scales 32 .
|
[3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.8
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37952323296&p=1pl&v=1&x=YZkcSHKHdqhjfYYiUvZ_gw
|
10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.007
|
Medicine_177
|
Recent catastrophic failures such as events at Mid-Staffordshire have highlighted the importance of staffing levels to patient survival, and this study has reinforced that message."
|
The estimated magnitude of these effects is similar to the corresponding estimates of their effects on the risk of mortality in the ICU.
|
Professor Elizabeth West, pictured, who led the research, says: "This is timely because the public are concerned about the ability of the NHS to provide safe and compassionate care. Recent catastrophic failures such as events at Mid-Staffordshire have highlighted the importance of staffing levels to patient survival, and this study has reinforced that message." This is the first study of patient survival in ICUs to look at the numbers of doctors as well as nurses.
|
Again, the number of nurses and the number of consultants per bed have a negative association with the risk of mortality. The estimated magnitude of these effects is similar to the corresponding estimates of their effects on the risk of mortality in the ICU. However, although both main effects are statistically significant, this is not true of either of the two estimated interaction effects.
|
[2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/public-health-safety/49249-low-icu-staffing-levels-affect-patient-survival.html
|
10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.0798
|
Medicine_18
|
"Our findings underscore the importance of a thorough FDA review of new cancer therapies," said Cary Gross, M.D., senior author, YSM professor of medicine, and a member of Yale Cancer Center.
|
Overall, similar proportions of older and younger patients received anti-PD-1 treatment during the first 9 months after FDA approval.
|
The study results also concern the researchers because new therapies are being approved when questions remain about their risks and benefits. "Our findings underscore the importance of a thorough FDA review of new cancer therapies," said Cary Gross, M.D., senior author, YSM professor of medicine, and a member of Yale Cancer Center. "We found that the standard of care can change virtually overnight, when a new drug is brought to market.
|
Within 4 months after FDA approval, greater than 60% of eligible patients in each cohort had received anti-PD-1 treatment. Overall, similar proportions of older and younger patients received anti-PD-1 treatment during the first 9 months after FDA approval. However, there were significant differences in age between clinical trial participants and patients receiving anti-PD-1 treatment in clinical practice, with more patients being older than 65 years in clinical practice (range, 327 of 1365 [60.6%] CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Anti-PD-1 agents rapidly reached patients in clinical practice, and patients treated in clinical practice differed significantly from patients treated in pivotal clinical trials.
|
[1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.5
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34024686802&p=1pl&v=1&x=V7M9zzFOhn6CjXB9WZIACw
|
10.3945/jn.113.188441
|
Medicine_181
|
"My hope is that this study can lay a foundation for future research about the health effects of instant noodle consumption."
|
However, the stronger association between instant noodle consumption $2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome among women after excluding participants taking blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications or who had a history of diabetes mellitus might indicate the robustness of that association.
|
"This research is significant since many people are consuming instant noodles without knowing possible health risks," Dr. Shin said. "My hope is that this study can lay a foundation for future research about the health effects of instant noodle consumption." Dr. Shin added that the study's health implications could be substantial -- particularly if it leads to people choosing healthier foods.
|
First, we cannot infer a causal relation given our cross-sectional study design. However, the stronger association between instant noodle consumption $2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome among women after excluding participants taking blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications or who had a history of diabetes mellitus might indicate the robustness of that association. Second, dietary pattern construction by principal components analysis may be limited by subjectivity in the proper number of extracted factors and food-grouping methods .
|
[2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.2
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140812121642.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122421
|
Medicine_182
|
"As the Latino population continues to grow, it should be a national health policy priority to improve their access to care and determine the best way to deliver high-quality care to this population at the local, state and national levels," Ortega said.
|
Focusing on efforts to improve delivery systems for Latinos will likely reduce disparities in patients' experiences and the quality of primary care received.
|
The need to increase the number of Latino physicians and non-physician health care providers to address language and cultural barriers. "As the Latino population continues to grow, it should be a national health policy priority to improve their access to care and determine the best way to deliver high-quality care to this population at the local, state and national levels," Ortega said. "Resolving these four key issues would be an important first step."
|
Differences in the quality of care appear to be largely attributable to the fact that Latinos are cared for in settings where communication and the quality of care are not especially patient-centered . Focusing on efforts to improve delivery systems for Latinos will likely reduce disparities in patients' experiences and the quality of primary care received. Importantly, Latinas, in general, tend to have worse diet-related behaviors when compared with non-Latinas, including consuming more fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages, and fried potatoes .
|
[3.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.333333
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150319092222.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fmost_popular+%28Most+Popular+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y
|
Medicine_183
|
"This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out.
|
Only of the 20 children with PSG reached REM in their nap (M% REM = 2.5%, SD = 4.51%).
|
As in observations by others, "both a nap and subsequent overnight sleep was necessary to observe performance benefits." "This study demonstrates that napping is beneficial to memory processing," they point out. "Given the importance of socio-emotional learning in preschool naps averaging 70 minutes may support the curricular goals of early childhood education.
|
However, we were able to determine sleep latency on all 4, and REM latency on 2 of the unscorable wake night records, as the recording issues did not occur until later in the night. Only of the 20 children with PSG reached REM in their nap (M% REM = 2.5%, SD = 4.51%). For those children who reached REM sleep during their naps, REM comprised only 8.11% (SD = 4.38) of the nap.
|
[3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw
|
10.1093/chemse/bjt066
|
Medicine_185
|
"Moreover, this is the first time we have been able to influence the edibility perception of an odour, even though the positive and negative labels accompanying the odours showed non-food words," adds Frasnelli.
|
Furthermore, we found an impact of labels on intensity ratings for one of the administered odors that goes against our hypothesis.
|
"It shows that odour perception is not objective: it is affected by the cognitive interpretation that occurs when one looks at a label," says Manescu. "Moreover, this is the first time we have been able to influence the edibility perception of an odour, even though the positive and negative labels accompanying the odours showed non-food words," adds Frasnelli. This finding indicates that the perceived edibility of an odour can be manipulated by a description, and that olfactory perception may be driven by a top-down (or directive) cognitive process.
|
These findings further strengthen the concept that odor perception is influenced by cognitive interpretation. Furthermore, we found an impact of labels on intensity ratings for one of the administered odors that goes against our hypothesis. We found that participants rated geraniol as more intense when it was labeled positively ("fresh flowers") than when labeled negatively ("cheap perfume").
|
[3.0, 1.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.333333
|
news
|
http://www.newswise.com/articles/smelling-with-our-eyes-descriptions-affect-odour-perception
|
10.1073/pnas.1414221111
|
Medicine_186
|
In a mouse model of malaria, a single dose of (+)-SJ733 killed 80 percent of malaria parasites within 24 hours.
|
These morphological changes reach a maximum by 7-8 h after treatment.
|
In this study, researchers determined that (+)-SJ733 uses a novel mechanism to kill the parasite by recruiting the immune system to eliminate malaria-infected red blood cells. In a mouse model of malaria, a single dose of (+)-SJ733 killed 80 percent of malaria parasites within 24 hours. After 48 hours the parasite was undetectable.
|
This immediate response triggers other cellular responses, probably including the arrest of protein synthesis , and these are integrated at the level of both the parasite (manifested as a swollen, development-arrested phenotype) and the host erythrocyte (manifested as induction of an eryptotic/senescent phenotype). These morphological changes reach a maximum by 7-8 h after treatment. In vivo, these effects trigger rapid clearance of the infected, treated erythrocytes through host-mediated mechanisms used to clear aging red cells.
|
[2.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.666667
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141205175027.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_science+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Science+News%29
|
10.1038/s41551-018-0317-8
|
Medicine_188
|
AKI mice treated with rectangular DONs displayed improved kidney excretory function comparable to mice receiving treatment using the mainline drug NAC.
|
64 Cu-Rec-DON showed rapid accumulation in the kidneys as early as 5 min post-injection ( Fig.
|
Examination of stained tissue samples further confirmed the beneficial effects of the DONs in the kidney. AKI mice treated with rectangular DONs displayed improved kidney excretory function comparable to mice receiving treatment using the mainline drug NAC. Results showed the DONs were non-immunogenetic and tissue staining of heart, liver, spleen lungs and kidney revealed their low toxicity in primary organs, making them attractive candidates for clinical use in humans.
|
37 ). 64 Cu-Rec-DON showed rapid accumulation in the kidneys as early as 5 min post-injection ( Fig. 3c ) in AKI mice suggested that the injured kidneys may still extract and excrete DONs from the blood pool into the bladder, although at a decreased rate.
|
[4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37636191811&p=1pl&v=1&x=qc3pI9OOn-ja-gCCneNC8w
|
10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4
|
Medicine_189
|
Concluding, the researchers say a detailed infrastructure risk assessment is needed to understand how communities in permafrost areas will be affected as the planet warms.
|
Here, the ground temperature and thaw of near-surface permafrost was considered to be the most important factor affecting infrastructure hazard followed by GIC, relative increase of ALT, fine-grained sediment content and slope gradient.
|
[To prevent the permafrost thawing], we need to stop climate warming." Concluding, the researchers say a detailed infrastructure risk assessment is needed to understand how communities in permafrost areas will be affected as the planet warms. He told Newsweek the part of the paper looking at Canada uses incorrect permafrost projections, while they use a statistical approach to predict ground temperature--which Burn says does not provide an accurate representation of risk.
|
The AHP developed is a multi-objective, multicriteria decision-making approach to analyse complicated problems such as the determination of relative roles of factors affecting geohazards 70 . Here, the ground temperature and thaw of near-surface permafrost was considered to be the most important factor affecting infrastructure hazard followed by GIC, relative increase of ALT, fine-grained sediment content and slope gradient. 2).
|
[3.0, 5.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37952048427&p=1pl&v=1&x=WVBbJHZ_CDGkehwcKPFvdQ
|
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.08.027
|
Medicine_19
|
The research follows an earlier study which suggested that elevated long-term levels of cortisol may reduce the likelihood of a successful outcome for patients trying to conceive by IVF.
|
Despite these potential limitations, the present study extends the available evidence for the role of cortisol on clinical pregnancy in IVF patients and provides the first evidence that elevated chronic cortisol levels are associated with a reduced likelihood of pregnancy.
|
The research follows an earlier study which suggested that elevated long-term levels of cortisol may reduce the likelihood of a successful outcome for patients trying to conceive by IVF. However, many factors influence cortisol (including physical activity, sleep and some aspects of our diet such as caffeine) and so it is possible that any or all of these factors may account for the effects of cortisol on pregnancy." If this is proven with further solid research it may modify our approach to pre-IVF testing in all patients.
|
It is also not clear how generalizable our results are to women trying to conceive naturally; also our findings extend only to clinical pregnancy. Despite these potential limitations, the present study extends the available evidence for the role of cortisol on clinical pregnancy in IVF patients and provides the first evidence that elevated chronic cortisol levels are associated with a reduced likelihood of pregnancy. Thus, further research is needed to not only corroborate these findings but also identify the pathways.
|
[3.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.4
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33739698938&p=1pl&v=1&x=AcVA0Y4hatHNh4-L_5fqfA
|
10.1016/j.jpain.2017.11.005
|
Medicine_191
|
Acupuncture was similarly effective for each of these conditions, his study found.
|
Another novel finding is the higher than average effects of acupuncture on upper body musculoskeletal pain.
|
"If our study had been on a drug, we'd say the drug works--there's a statistically significant effect there," says Andrew Vickers, first author of that study and a biostatistician at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. Acupuncture was similarly effective for each of these conditions, his study found. Also, acupuncture's benefits were durable: After a year of treatment, the average patient reported only a minor drop it its efficacy.
|
In some cases, heterogeneity was also driven by a set of outlying trials with large effect sizes. Another novel finding is the higher than average effects of acupuncture on upper body musculoskeletal pain. We now have sufficient data to conduct a meta-analysis for neck pain and for shoulder pain, even after exclusion of outlying trials.
|
[2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.8
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38497695155&p=1pl&v=1&x=s_16A13LceP0QMt7V7o-QA
|
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034
|
Medicine_192
|
This is an exciting prospect for patients who have CDK12 alterations and may benefit from immunotherapy," says senior study author Arul Chinnaiyan, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Michigan Center for Translational Pathology.
|
CDK12 mutant cases also lack mutational signatures of HRD ( Figure 3C ) and maintain the expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 ( Figure S4J ).
|
The fact that immune checkpoint inhibitors may be effective against this sub-type of prostate cancer makes it even more significant. This is an exciting prospect for patients who have CDK12 alterations and may benefit from immunotherapy," says senior study author Arul Chinnaiyan, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Michigan Center for Translational Pathology. Researchers found loss of CDK12 in only about 1 percent of early prostate cancer samples.
|
However, our data, and the observations made previously in CDK12 mutant ovarian tumors , are inconsistent with that model. CDK12 mutant cases also lack mutational signatures of HRD ( Figure 3C ) and maintain the expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 ( Figure S4J ). Overall, the genomic phenotypes of HR and CDK12 deficiency are clearly distinct.
|
[1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304617241&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkbWFHiGsGoeqOJxN0A0-A
|
10.1152/ajpregu.00204.2013
|
Medicine_194
|
A new study using an animal model to mimic key effects of PE in humans, and led by Graeme Smith of Queen's University, Canada, may help explain the lower incidence of PE in some smokers.
|
There are other potential beneficial effects of both HO-1 and CO in placental development and fetal survival.
|
A new study using an animal model to mimic key effects of PE in humans, and led by Graeme Smith of Queen's University, Canada, may help explain the lower incidence of PE in some smokers. The study also suggests a therapy that could offer similar protection against PE with none of smoking's well-known risks. Although toxic at high levels, low levels of CO are produced naturally by the body and have positive effects.
|
Our study did not evaluate the effect of CO on placental oxidative stress, and future work should aim to report on these findings. There are other potential beneficial effects of both HO-1 and CO in placental development and fetal survival. It would make sense then, that increasing one's CO levels could rescue some of the deleterious effects associated with PE.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.666667
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130919154253.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29
|
10.1210/en.2015-2036
|
Medicine_195
|
In particular, we show that vitamin D deficiency directly results in an increase in the expression of a gene (called ID1) that promotes breast cancer metastasis.
|
We found that vitamin D-deficient mice developed mammary tumors that were palpable an average of 7 days earlier than control mice.
|
It is important to note that the research recommends avoiding deficiency which does not mean that taking more vitamin D than needed is beneficial. In particular, we show that vitamin D deficiency directly results in an increase in the expression of a gene (called ID1) that promotes breast cancer metastasis. Indeed, we found that this relationship between vitamin D levels in the whole body and ID1 levels in the tumor was present in human patients at the time of their diagnosis.
|
Ingestion of the LD25 diet caused a statistically significant decrease in serum 25(OH)D levels compared with control mice (Supplemental Figure 1) . We found that vitamin D-deficient mice developed mammary tumors that were palpable an average of 7 days earlier than control mice. Importantly, vitamin D deficiency also accelerated tumor growth, resulting in a significant increase in the mean tumor volume after 6 weeks compared with tumors grown in mice fed the control diet ( Figure 1A ).
|
[5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.2
|
news
|
http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1987536-vitamin-d-deficiency-promotes-breast-cancer-growth-in-mice/
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0500
|
Medicine_196
|
It's also not necessarily strange that these drugs were used in cases where the child had no mental health diagnosis, though it could suggest overuse.
|
There were approximately 270 000 antipsychotic prescriptions dispensed to younger children, 2.14 million to older children, 2.80 million to adolescents, and 1.83 million to young adults nationwide in 2010.
|
But because of the unknown risks that come with flooding a maturing brain with these drugs, they should be utilized only when it's absolutely necessary. It's also not necessarily strange that these drugs were used in cases where the child had no mental health diagnosis, though it could suggest overuse. The authors hope that their findings will prompt others to develop better, safer approaches to treating these serious but manageable conditions.
|
The age and sex composition of the IMS population that filled at least 1 prescription of any kind closely resembled the composition of the corresponding population from the nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. There were approximately 270 000 antipsychotic prescriptions dispensed to younger children, 2.14 million to older children, 2.80 million to adolescents, and 1.83 million to young adults nationwide in 2010. Across the 4 age groups, almost all of the antipsychotic prescriptions (96.7%) were for secondgeneration medications.
|
[2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.8
|
news
|
http://www.medicaldaily.com/antipsychotics-are-being-given-kids-temporary-behavioral-problems-adhd-341188
|
10.1073/pnas.1509654112
|
Medicine_197
|
But things got interesting when they took a look at the individual brain scans: Only zero to eight percent of people had an aEURoeall maleaEUR or aEURoeall femaleaEUR brain, meaning most people have a mix of elements that are classified as both male and female in their brains.
|
Here we show that, although there are sex/gender differences in brain and behavior, humans and human brains are comprised of unique "mosaics" of features, some more common in females compared with males, some more common in males compared with females, and some common in both females and males.
|
They found 29 regions that seem to be different sizes in people who identified as male or female. But things got interesting when they took a look at the individual brain scans: Only zero to eight percent of people had an aEURoeall maleaEUR or aEURoeall femaleaEUR brain, meaning most people have a mix of elements that are classified as both male and female in their brains. While itaEUR(tm)s possible to have predominantly female components or predominantly male components to your brain, researchers found that most people are in the middle.
|
Such an alignment may be predicted by the classic view of sexual differentiation of the brain, according to which masculinization and defeminization of the brain are under the sole influence of testosterone (9). Here we show that, although there are sex/gender differences in brain and behavior, humans and human brains are comprised of unique "mosaics" of features, some more common in females compared with males, some more common in males compared with females, and some common in both females and males. Our results demonstrate that regardless of the cause of observed sex/gender differences in brain and behavior (nature or nurture), human brains cannot be categorized into two distinct classes: male brain/female brain.
|
[3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.4
|
news
|
http://healthmedicinet.com/news/science-proves-men-and-women-are-actually-from-the-same-planet/
|
10.1001/jama.2018.20578
|
Medicine_198
|
Compared with no aspirin, aspirin use correlated with significant reductions in the composite cardiovascular outcome (57.1 versus 61.4 per 10,000 participant-years; hazard ratio, 0.89; absolute risk reduction, 0.38 percent) and correlated with an increased risk for major bleeding events (23.1 versus 16.4 per 10,000 participant-years; hazard ratio, 1.43; absolute risk increase, 0.47 percent).
|
While the reduction in cancer mortality emerged after at least 5 years of follow-up, this result was not replicated in the ASCEND trial that followed up 480 participants with diabetes for a mean of 7.4 years.
|
The researchers found that the median baseline risk for the primary cardiovascular outcome (composite of cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke) was 9.2 percent. Compared with no aspirin, aspirin use correlated with significant reductions in the composite cardiovascular outcome (57.1 versus 61.4 per 10,000 participant-years; hazard ratio, 0.89; absolute risk reduction, 0.38 percent) and correlated with an increased risk for major bleeding events (23.1 versus 16.4 per 10,000 participant-years; hazard ratio, 1.43; absolute risk increase, 0.47 percent). The meta-analysis "demonstrates a general consistency of the newer studies with the previous studies of aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events," write the authors of an accompanying editorial.
|
This finding is in contrast to an individual patient data meta-analysis of primary and secondary prevention aspirin trials that demonstrated a % reduction in cancer mortality associated with aspirin use. While the reduction in cancer mortality emerged after at least 5 years of follow-up, this result was not replicated in the ASCEND trial that followed up 480 participants with diabetes for a mean of 7.4 years. The findings of this study suggest that the association of aspirin with cancer outcomes is neutral, with no suggestion of harm or benefit from the available current evidence.
|
[1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.25
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38331905067&p=1pl&v=1&x=XtWX8D8AaSJygxxptr_VHw
|
10.1073/pnas.1403984111
|
Medicine_199
|
"It is obvious that stemming the rate of illegal killing is paramount," the researchers conclude.
|
This threshold PIKE value can serve as a rule of thumb indicating excessive pressure that requires intervention if the corresponding population is to avoid extirpation.
|
And as the map above shows, that varies from country to country. "It is obvious that stemming the rate of illegal killing is paramount," the researchers conclude. ... [C]urbing demand -- particularly in the Far East -- appears necessary to reduce black market ivory prices and alleviate the unsustainable pressure from illegal killing on wild populations."
|
Simulation results given our demographic parameterization indicated populations with PIKE of 0.54 were likely at equilibrium, with higher proportions associated with greater probabilities of decline ( Fig. This threshold PIKE value can serve as a rule of thumb indicating excessive pressure that requires intervention if the corresponding population is to avoid extirpation. The two approaches implemented in our broad-scale analysis provided similar results when contrasted at the regional or continental scales, but relied on starkly different data (a limited empirical sample from well-monitored populations versus a coarse-scale model that provides predictions on all elephant populations across Africa).
|
[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.25
|
news
|
http://www.vox.com/2014/8/20/6045505/more-than-100000-african-elephants-have-been-killed-by-poachers-since
|
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y
|
Medicine_2
|
Further, Spencer and colleagues report, greater nap slow wave activity was associated with greater memory decay during the nap.
|
Yet nap slow wave activity also predicted greater overnight improvement in memory.
|
However, when memory was tested again following overnight sleep, the change in memory accuracy was greater if the child had napped the previous day. Further, Spencer and colleagues report, greater nap slow wave activity was associated with greater memory decay during the nap. Yet nap slow wave activity also predicted greater overnight improvement in memory.
|
Greater nap slow wave activity was associated with greater memory decay during the nap. Yet nap slow wave activity also predicted greater overnight improvement in memory. These results suggest that sleep bouts can interact to benefit memory in early childhood.
|
[4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.6
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw
|
10.1038/s41598-018-25573-8
|
Medicine_20
|
"The lack of toxic effect of nanoparticle loaded doxorubicin was associated with specific delivery of doxorubicin to the tumor.
|
Histological analysis revealed P53 complete loss in invasive carcinoma and intraepithelial carcinoma; and strongly (contiguous) positive in other areas.
|
In contrast, injection of free doxorubicin caused widespread organ damage, even when less amount was administered," write the investigators. "The lack of toxic effect of nanoparticle loaded doxorubicin was associated with specific delivery of doxorubicin to the tumor. Furthermore, we observed excellent tumor accumulation of the nanoparticles.
|
Moreover, malignant cells were present, consistent with adenocarcinoma (CK7+/CK20-/CDX-2-/CA-125+). Histological analysis revealed P53 complete loss in invasive carcinoma and intraepithelial carcinoma; and strongly (contiguous) positive in other areas. Ki67 was elevated in invasive carcinoma and intraepithelial carcinoma (10-20%); low in other areas.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34218407527&p=1pl&v=1&x=TZ9cA3HHZNB3jHckRRSErA
|
10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.019
|
Medicine_200
|
X Chromosome Dosage Influences DNA Methylation Dynamics during Reprogramming to Mouse iPSCs.
|
This analysis further defined the dynamic regulation of DNA methylation with single-CpG resolution within enhancers during female reprogramming and revealed expected as well as unexpected single-CpG-level DNA methylation changes.
|
Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. X Chromosome Dosage Influences DNA Methylation Dynamics during Reprogramming to Mouse iPSCs.
|
This analysis enabled us to assess changes in DNA methylation at single CpG resolution, which could be masked in averages. This analysis further defined the dynamic regulation of DNA methylation with single-CpG resolution within enhancers during female reprogramming and revealed expected as well as unexpected single-CpG-level DNA methylation changes. Considering MEF enhancers ( Figure 4A ), we found that single CpGs in several clusters gained methylation toward the pluripotent state, as expected from averages measurements.
|
[2.0, 1.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.666667
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33847856937&p=1pl&v=1&x=vV_Dne2GAjTKIkp14dSTOw
|
10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y
|
Medicine_202
|
Change in memory accuracy also did not differ when tested after a nap compared to the change in memory accuracy after an interval awake, they report.
|
Greater nap slow wave activity was associated with greater memory decay during the nap.
|
To do this, they presented children ages approximately three to five years (34-64 months) with faces paired with mean or nice word descriptions, but they saw no significant main effects of emotional valence on recognition memory. Change in memory accuracy also did not differ when tested after a nap compared to the change in memory accuracy after an interval awake, they report. However, when memory was tested again following overnight sleep, the change in memory accuracy was greater if the child had napped the previous day.
|
However, when memory was probed again following overnight sleep, the change in memory accuracy was greater if the child napped the previous day. Greater nap slow wave activity was associated with greater memory decay during the nap. Yet nap slow wave activity also predicted greater overnight improvement in memory.
|
[2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.5
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34884544095&p=1pl&v=1&x=ZTfu4WJpcprjoFwmcebiPw
|
10.1111/gcb.13526
|
Medicine_203
|
Alternatively, plants with fewer leaves are more water efficient, and thereby may be potentially drought tolerant."
|
The additional savings in roots could then be used to further increase seed yield, making our predicted yield increase estimates conservative.
|
Cutting down on roots could produce additional carbon savings that the plant can invest towards boosting yield. Alternatively, plants with fewer leaves are more water efficient, and thereby may be potentially drought tolerant." Next, the researchers will bioengineer plants or search for varieties that naturally have fewer leaves to test these preliminary findings on a larger scale.
|
S7) , plants with lower LAI can potentially have fewer roots and save on root investment and maintenance costs. The additional savings in roots could then be used to further increase seed yield, making our predicted yield increase estimates conservative. Alternatively maintaining the same amount of root, yet decreasing transpiration demand, would make the crop more drought tolerant which will assume increasing importance across the Midwest as predicted climate change develops .
|
[1.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://healthmedicinet.com/news/soybean-plants-with-fewer-leaves-yield-more/
|
10.1534/genetics.116.197285
|
Medicine_205
|
We argue resistance could be thought of as a good thing -- if we know it's going to evolve, we can plan around it, and understand a gene drive is a temporary solution.
|
We have shown that for values of μ in this range, resistance is already likely when N e = 6 , which is compatible with estimates from levels of neutral diversity in insect populations 22 .
|
"Basically, looking at the numbers and assuming a simple gene drive system, it's a foregone conclusion that resistance will evolve," Unckless said. We argue resistance could be thought of as a good thing -- if we know it's going to evolve, we can plan around it, and understand a gene drive is a temporary solution. "Obviously that doesn't work most of the time.
|
In addition, indels should occur within the 20 bp-long target sequence at rates comparable to the single nucleotide mutation rate 21 . We have shown that for values of μ in this range, resistance is already likely when N e = 6 , which is compatible with estimates from levels of neutral diversity in insect populations 22 . In many systems, the short-term values of N e relevant for a process as rapid as CGD may even be much larger than these values obtained from neutral diversity 17, 23 , which will often be dominated by seasonal population crashes (e.g., caused by the winters in a temperate region) and historical bottlenecks 24, 25 .
|
[4.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1
|
news
|
http://healthmedicinet.com/news/research-shows-nature-can-beat-back-scientific-tinkering-with-genes-of-entire-species/
|
10.1126/scitranslmed.aab1290
|
Medicine_206
|
DHED could be particularly useful in treating women who prematurely enter menopause after surgery, because they have the most drastic changes in hormone levels and often deal with symptoms for the longest, he points out.
|
We reveal the therapeutic potential of DHED on estrogen deficiency-associated neurological disorders and psychiatric conditions without encountering adverse systemic actions that are typically seen with the direct use of estrogens.
|
"Because this prodrug remains completely inactive everywhere else in the body, you can remedy the neurological and psychiatric symptoms associated with estrogen deficiency while avoiding side effects in the rest of the body," Prokai says. DHED could be particularly useful in treating women who prematurely enter menopause after surgery, because they have the most drastic changes in hormone levels and often deal with symptoms for the longest, he points out. But although the drug holds promise for helping some women, such as those who have specific risk factors for cancer, Brinton says, it may not be an ideal first-line treatment for estrogen-deficiency in many others.
|
Although this method provides increased selectivity in CNS delivery of the hormone, it still generates elevated levels of the hormone in the periphery with substantial uterotrophic side effects and sustained high circulating estrogen levels even after acute dosing . We reveal the therapeutic potential of DHED on estrogen deficiency-associated neurological disorders and psychiatric conditions without encountering adverse systemic actions that are typically seen with the direct use of estrogens. The reductive bioactivation of DHED to E 2 proceeds through hydride transfer from the coenzyme NADPH to the C1 position of the C1-C2 double bond of DHED's Aring that is conjugated to the 3-carbonyl group.
|
[2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://news.sciencemag.org/biology/2015/07/safer-estrogen-therapy-women
|
10.1002/hec.3070
|
Medicine_207
|
While still imposing a relatively low tax burden, it could lead to weight reductions of up to 3.64 kilograms in middle-income heavy consumers of sweetened beverages.
|
Thus the per capita, per year, weight loss as a result of the tax is almost six times greater for heavy drinkers relative to persons drinking at an average level.
|
The effect would be even more striking if a 20 cents per litre volumetric tax were applied. While still imposing a relatively low tax burden, it could lead to weight reductions of up to 3.64 kilograms in middle-income heavy consumers of sweetened beverages. This was chiefly because although a sales tax would have a bigger effect on the price of single bottles, a volumetric tax meant those buying large quantities or discounted multipacks would face much steeper price increases.
|
Using this conversion criteria a reduction of 16,087 kJ as a result of the SSB tax translates into a reduction in body weight of 0.44 Kg (16,087/36,500 Kj) per year at mean level of consumption. Thus the per capita, per year, weight loss as a result of the tax is almost six times greater for heavy drinkers relative to persons drinking at an average level. This is a significant positive effect, considering that heavy drinkers would be a major target group for any tax policy.
|
[2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.5
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140617094037.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1039/c3cs60122f
|
Medicine_209
|
Second, you must support researchers in their journey from paper to digital, as there are a lot of ELN software providers and not enough concrete information.
|
Forcing users to abandon paper notebooks and instead use an ELN is unlikely to be successful, users are much more likely to adopt an ELN if they can see some proven value that is relevant to their own work.
|
We should recognize that every lab has its own unique needs, and that there is no one-size-fits-all available today. Second, you must support researchers in their journey from paper to digital, as there are a lot of ELN software providers and not enough concrete information. Finally but most importantly, any ELN provider needs to provide an outstanding onboarding experience and continued support for researchers.
|
The authors of the information often do not share these same goals to the same extent, and the recording of their activities and data, and standardization of data entry, 4 is second to other aims such as performing the research activities and the interpretation of the data. Forcing users to abandon paper notebooks and instead use an ELN is unlikely to be successful, users are much more likely to adopt an ELN if they can see some proven value that is relevant to their own work. A paper notebook is not an effective tool from the point of view of the data manager or project supervisor, because it does not enable the access and sharing of data and information, it can only be read by one person at a time, it cannot be accessed anywhere, and it is difficult to search.
|
[3.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37060720905&p=1pl&v=1&x=mJkzlHa3lmu5bv8uh9G1ig
|
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034
|
Medicine_210
|
It was found to be more common in metastatic prostate cancer compared to early stage tumors that had not spread.
|
Further, we identify that CDK12 mutant tumors have synthetic genetic dependencies and a characteristic immunophenotype, which provide candidate targets for precision therapy.
|
It was found to be more common in metastatic prostate cancer compared to early stage tumors that had not spread. Tumors in which CDK12 was inactivated were responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, a type of immunotherapy treatment that has overall had limited success in prostate cancer. "Because prostate cancer is so common, 7 percent is a significant number.
|
We show that CDK12 mutants are genetically, transcriptionally, and phenotypically distinct from HRD and MMRD tumors. Further, we identify that CDK12 mutant tumors have synthetic genetic dependencies and a characteristic immunophenotype, which provide candidate targets for precision therapy. We detected aberrations of CDK12 in 25/360 of mCRPC patients (6.9%), 95% confidence interval (CI) [4.6%, 10 .2%] ( Figure 1A ).
|
[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.4
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34322199988&p=1pl&v=1&x=uADO-y4eWDsh9N-tizLZ7Q
|
10.1152/ajpregu.00204.2013
|
Medicine_211
|
And, since PE is a multifaceted disorder that begins with abnormal placental development before progressing to maternal disease, the results also suggest the possibility of preventing or treating early PE in humans with controlled CO dosages.
|
One of the goals of using CO as a possible future therapeutic in patients with PE would be to lower plasma sFLT1 levels.
|
This study, the first to look at the effects of CO on the placenta in mice, found that exposing the animals to inhalable CO increased blood flow and vascular growth in the developing placenta, created more, bigger, and stronger connections to the mother's uterus, a process that provides more oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. And, since PE is a multifaceted disorder that begins with abnormal placental development before progressing to maternal disease, the results also suggest the possibility of preventing or treating early PE in humans with controlled CO dosages. Results Exposure to CO either continuously or in specific doses did not affect maternal weight (used as a measure of health) or litter size.
|
Therefore, it is possible that in our study, exposure to CO would not affect maternal plasma sFLT1 or VEGF levels until alterations in normal levels were first induced. One of the goals of using CO as a possible future therapeutic in patients with PE would be to lower plasma sFLT1 levels. In this regard, future studies would be necessary to investigate the effect of repeated exposure to short-term CO levels on maternal plasma sFLT1.
|
[3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.25
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130919154253.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29
|
10.1210/jc.2013-2350
|
Medicine_214
|
"The Society's recommendations allow physicians to make the diagnosis if clear symptoms are present without resorting to universal hormone tests or ultrasound screening."
|
We do not endorse the need for universal screening with androgen assays or ultrasound if patients already meet two of the three criteria clinically.
|
"The Society's recommendations allow physicians to make the diagnosis if clear symptoms are present without resorting to universal hormone tests or ultrasound screening." In the CPG, The Endocrine Society recommends that a diagnosis be made if adult women have two of the three cardinal features of PCOS (diagnostic criteria supported by the NIH panel): * Excess production of male hormones called androgens. Other recommendations from the CPG include:
* Because women with PCOS face an increased risk of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, preterm delivery and preeclampsia that can be exacerbated by obesity, women should have their body mass index, blood pressure and oral glucose tolerance assessed prior to conceiving;
* Following diagnosis, women with PCOS should be examined for skin and hair complications including excess hair growth and acne;
* Although women with PCOS have some of the same risk factors associated with the development of endometrial cancer, they should not routinely undergo ultrasound screening for endometrial thickness;
* To gauge metabolic risk, adolescents and adult women with PCOS should be screened for increased obesity using body mass index and waist circumference measurements;
* Clinicians should give adolescents and adult women with PCOS an oral glucose tolerance test to check for type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance because they are at increased risk of these conditions; and
* Initial treatment of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance in women with PCOS should be diet and exercise, with metformin as a second-line therapy.
|
These criteria allow the diagnosis to be made clinically (based upon a history of hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation) as well as biochemically with androgen assays or with ultrasound examination of the ovaries. We do not endorse the need for universal screening with androgen assays or ultrasound if patients already meet two of the three criteria clinically. It is recommended that the features leading to the diagnosis are documented.
|
[4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.6
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024121206.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29
|
10.1002/hec.3070
|
Medicine_215
|
"In absolute terms, the difference in tax over a year can be considered negligible, but the weight change could be significant, making these changes very cost effective," Sharma says.
|
This means that despite the lower tax burden, the reduction in consumption and body weight is higher under a volumetric tax.
|
Those who had been heavier consumers would lose more--between 1 and 2 kilos, or about 2 to 4.5 pounds. "In absolute terms, the difference in tax over a year can be considered negligible, but the weight change could be significant, making these changes very cost effective," Sharma says. The effect would be even more striking if a 20 cents per liter volumetric tax were applied.
|
The tax burden under a 20% valoric tax and a 20 cents/litre volumetric tax is around $17 and $11 per capita per year, respectively. This means that despite the lower tax burden, the reduction in consumption and body weight is higher under a volumetric tax. This is an interesting result, even more interesting for high level consumers who lose even more weight for small marginal absolute dollar outlays, meaning interventions are very costeffective as we discuss in more detail in due course.
|
[4.0, 3.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.666667
|
news
|
http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/778129-higher-soda-tax-may-help-consumers-tighten-their-belt/
|
10.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.013
|
Medicine_216
|
By calculating the displacement of bacteria from the endothelial cells, the researchers also found that the microbes use bungee-cord-like tethers to stabilize and strengthen these bonds.
|
This finding suggested that motility is possibly strong enough to modulate the force imposed on load-bearing bonds and drive active bacterial migration over endothelia under PCV shear stress.
|
"Our in vitro live-cell-imaging-based system will permit more efficient dissection of the underlying interaction mechanisms and more rapid screening for inhibitors of bacterial-endothelial interactions and dissemination." By calculating the displacement of bacteria from the endothelial cells, the researchers also found that the microbes use bungee-cord-like tethers to stabilize and strengthen these bonds. Similar to children swinging on monkey bars, the bacteria transferred force from one bond to the next without fully detaching, slowing down every time they established a new bond and accelerating when they broke a bond and transitioned to the next one.
|
Thus, unexpectedly, B. burgdorferi experienced forces that were small enough to be overcome by bacterial motility. This finding suggested that motility is possibly strong enough to modulate the force imposed on load-bearing bonds and drive active bacterial migration over endothelia under PCV shear stress. We also found that average bond forces for BBK32-producing GCB966 were larger than for bbk32-deficient GCB971 ( Figure 4B ), that most GCB966 interactions occurred at higher bond forces than GCB971 ( Figure 4C ), and that GCB966 interactions occurred at a higher average shear stress and shear stress range than GCB971 interactions ( Figures 4D and 4E ).
|
[4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.5
|
news
|
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/08/160825130027.htm
|
10.1007/s00125-014-3400-z
|
Medicine_217
|
Our results suggest that preventive strategies, such as an effective vaccine against EV infection, may lessen the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Taiwan."
|
The incidence rate of type 1 diabetes was lower in the non-EV than the EV group (4 vs 6 per 100,000 person-years; incidence rate ratio 1.48 [95% CI 1.19, 1.83]) ( Table 2 ).
|
They add: "Taiwan has relatively low type 1 diabetes incidence; we believe that the marked escalation of the said incidence in recent decades can be largely attributed to the highly endemic spread of enterovirus infection in Taiwanese children, given that there has been little gene flow and genetic drift in such a short period." They conclude: "This nationwide retrospective cohort study found a positive correlation of type 1 diabetes with EV infection. Our results suggest that preventive strategies, such as an effective vaccine against EV infection, may lessen the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Taiwan."
|
Compared with the non-EV group, the EV group had a significantly higher prevalence of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma ( Table 1) . The incidence rate of type 1 diabetes was lower in the non-EV than the EV group (4 vs 6 per 100,000 person-years; incidence rate ratio 1.48 [95% CI 1.19, 1.83]) ( Table 2 ). The incidence rate proved consistently lower for the non-EV than the EV group, except for children aged 10 years and over, as well as those with allergic rhinitis or bronchial asthma.
|
[4.0, 3.0, 5.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141017183715.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29
|
10.1210/jc.2013-2350
|
Medicine_218
|
Women who had PCOS were more likely to have miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies or other gynecological conditions such as irregular menstrual periods and endometriosis.
|
We recognize that the diagnosis of PCOS in postmenopausal women is problematic but feel that it is unlikely that a woman can develop PCOS in the perimenopause or menopause if she has not had symptoms earlier.
|
Researchers analyzing the data found women who were diagnosed with PCOS were more likely to be hospitalized for reasons unrelated to reproductive health or injury than their counterparts. Women who had PCOS were more likely to have miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies or other gynecological conditions such as irregular menstrual periods and endometriosis. Women who had PCOS also had a higher rate of endometrial cancer, or cancer of the lining of the uterus.
|
Very high T levels and/or virilization may suggest an androgen-producing tumor in postmenopausal women. We recognize that the diagnosis of PCOS in postmenopausal women is problematic but feel that it is unlikely that a woman can develop PCOS in the perimenopause or menopause if she has not had symptoms earlier. 2.1 We recommend that a physical examination should document cutaneous manifestations of PCOS: terminal hair growth (see hirsutism guidelines, Ref.
|
[3.0, 2.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.666667
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/female-reproductive/59582-women-diagnosed-with-pcos-twice-as-likely-to-be-hospitalized.html
|
10.1038/s41598-018-25573-8
|
Medicine_219
|
The biodegradable PMO carrying doxorubicin quickly eliminated the human ovarian tumours without affecting other organs in the chicken embryo.
|
The above results show that the nanoparticle formulation enables a higher amount of doxorubicin to be administered safely.
|
This is a major step toward individualized medicine for cancer patients. The biodegradable PMO carrying doxorubicin quickly eliminated the human ovarian tumours without affecting other organs in the chicken embryo. When a smaller amount of the drug, not enveloped in the nanoparticles, was injected in the egg, severe organ damage ensued.
|
Doxorubicin is specifically delivered to the tumor after intravenous administration of doxorubicin loaded MSNs. The above results show that the nanoparticle formulation enables a higher amount of doxorubicin to be administered safely. As can be seen in Fig.
|
[2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.6
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34220579892&p=1pl&v=1&x=hyv7yBfI9spqaAdmPr3ViA
|
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0302
|
Medicine_22
|
"Moreover, we found that the lower dose of vitamin D supplementation (up to 2,000 IU a day) reduced risk of fetal or neonatal mortality and infants being small for gestational age, but higher doses (more than 2,000 IU a day) did not reduce the risk of perinatal mortality and infants being small for gestational age," Wei said by email.
|
Late vitamin D supplementation (initiation at ≥20 weeks' gestation) improved birth weight, but early supplementation (initiation at <20 weeks' gestation) did not.
|
And supplementation reduced infants' risk of being small for gestational age and improved their calcium levels and growth in the first 12 months of life. "Moreover, we found that the lower dose of vitamin D supplementation (up to 2,000 IU a day) reduced risk of fetal or neonatal mortality and infants being small for gestational age, but higher doses (more than 2,000 IU a day) did not reduce the risk of perinatal mortality and infants being small for gestational age," Wei said by email. They didn't find a meaningful difference in birth defects based on whether mothers took vitamin D during pregnancy.
|
We found that maternal vitamin D supplementation timing, dose, and administration method did not affect cord blood vitamin D concentration. Late vitamin D supplementation (initiation at ≥20 weeks' gestation) improved birth weight, but early supplementation (initiation at <20 weeks' gestation) did not. Most importantly, we found that the lower dose of vitamin D supplementation (≤2000 IU/d) reduced the risk of fetal or neonatal mortality and SGA, but the higher dose (>2000 IU/d) did not.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34180824606&p=1pl&v=1&x=LymT53igqmp5seujNS7GFA
|
10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.007
|
Medicine_220
|
Recent catastrophic failures such as events at Mid-Staffordshire have highlighted the importance of staffing levels to patient survival, and this study has reinforced that message."
|
In the third column, however, we can see that the equivalent interaction is not significant when it involves the number of consultants.
|
Professor Elizabeth West, pictured, who led the research, says: "This is timely because the public are concerned about the ability of the NHS to provide safe and compassionate care. Recent catastrophic failures such as events at Mid-Staffordshire have highlighted the importance of staffing levels to patient survival, and this study has reinforced that message." This is the first study of patient survival in ICUs to look at the numbers of doctors as well as nurses.
|
Column two shows that the interaction variable is negative and significant, implying that the reduction in mortality risk from having more nurses is larger for patients who are the most severely ill. In the third column, however, we can see that the equivalent interaction is not significant when it involves the number of consultants. By way of example, we can calculate that the effect of increasing the number of nurses per bed from four to six is to reduce the probability of mortality for patients with a predicted log odds of mortality of -3 from .017 to .016.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.25
|
news
|
http://www.healthcanal.com/public-health-safety/49249-low-icu-staffing-levels-affect-patient-survival.html
|
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0302
|
Medicine_221
|
This amount of vitamin D was tied to 55 percent lower odds of an underweight baby and 65 lower chance of a baby dying in the womb or during infancy.
|
Vitamin D supplementation was associated with higher neonatal vitamin D status (bolus-or regular-dose supplement and early or late timing were equally effective in attaining improvement in vitamin D levels), higher calcium levels, higher Apgar scores, greater neonatal skinfold thickness, greater weight (at birth, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months), and greater height (at 3 months, 9 months, and 12 months) in the offspring.
|
But prenatal vitamin D supplements only appeared to have these benefits when women took 2,000 International Units (IU) or less each day. This amount of vitamin D was tied to 55 percent lower odds of an underweight baby and 65 lower chance of a baby dying in the womb or during infancy. At higher doses, any differences between women who took vitamin D and those who didn't were too small to rule out the possibility that they were due to chance.
|
Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy with lower doses (≤2000 IU/d) was associated with a reduced risk of fetal and neonatal mortality. Vitamin D supplementation was associated with higher neonatal vitamin D status (bolus-or regular-dose supplement and early or late timing were equally effective in attaining improvement in vitamin D levels), higher calcium levels, higher Apgar scores, greater neonatal skinfold thickness, greater weight (at birth, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months), and greater height (at 3 months, 9 months, and 12 months) in the offspring. Timing of vitamin D supplementation affected birth weight.
|
[3.0, 3.0, 4.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.333333
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34180824606&p=1pl&v=1&x=LymT53igqmp5seujNS7GFA
|
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x
|
Medicine_225
|
Still, in the meantime, there are other kinds of "tipping points" that may be of much more immediate concern, according to climate scientist Robert Kopp of Rutgers University, who commented on the new study for E&E News.
|
Our results show that the PCF gets progressively stronger in warmer climates, while the SAF weakens.
|
On that kind of time scale, their impact could be formidable. Still, in the meantime, there are other kinds of "tipping points" that may be of much more immediate concern, according to climate scientist Robert Kopp of Rutgers University, who commented on the new study for E&E News. Kopp pointed to the risk of socio-economic tipping points--changes in a society's ability to respond to or recover from repeated exposure to increasingly extreme weather or other severe climate-related events, such as hurricanes, wildfires or floods.
|
While not modelled directly, many of these effects are included implicitly in the PAGE-ICE IAM through a number of uncertain climate system parameters constrained according to the latest literature (Methods, Supplementary Note 1). Our results show that the PCF gets progressively stronger in warmer climates, while the SAF weakens. The PCF also develops state-dependent lagged behaviour.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39068075992&p=1pl&v=1&x=s9tSrEITwL3rwfEi9cWT-w
|
10.1098/rspb.2013.3172
|
Medicine_226
|
Our research suggests that health officials need to have a really good understanding of the social context to better understand vaccine scares and why people refuse vaccines.
|
Vaccine scares can have long-term impacts on vaccine coverage, causing depressed coverage even after the perceived vaccine risk has returned to baseline levels.
|
"They are strongly influenced by other parents and what they read. Our research suggests that health officials need to have a really good understanding of the social context to better understand vaccine scares and why people refuse vaccines. Bauch believes this may steadily lead to less immunized children, where populations may become vulnerable to such diseases.
|
The social learning rate k can also influence whether the population converges to no vaccine coverage or returns to full vaccine coverage, after a vaccine scare (figure 5). Vaccine scares can have long-term impacts on vaccine coverage, causing depressed coverage even after the perceived vaccine risk has returned to baseline levels. This is obvious in comparisons of the fitted model appearing in figure 1e,f to simulations of the same model, but where the pertussis vaccine scare never occurred (s ¼ 1, figure 6 ).
|
[4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://www.medicaldaily.com/spread-infectious-diseases-influenced-vaccine-scares-and-public-paranoia-269370
|
10.1073/pnas.1318978111
|
Medicine_229
|
Authors believe the study provides potential biological targets to enhance fertility in women with diminished ovarian reserve, who produce few or no follicles in response to IVF drugs designed to boost follicle development.
|
S2D ), suggesting that androgens promote FSHR protein expression independent of transcription.
|
Authors believe the study provides potential biological targets to enhance fertility in women with diminished ovarian reserve, who produce few or no follicles in response to IVF drugs designed to boost follicle development. "Our study doesn't solve the controversy, but, along with some earlier seminal studies from other groups, it does tell us that we can't dismiss male hormones. They might actually be doing something useful."
|
5A ) nor testosterone (Fig S2D) alters FSHR mRNA levels, but both significantly increase FSHR protein expression (Fig. S2D ), suggesting that androgens promote FSHR protein expression independent of transcription. S3A ), indicating that DHT promotes FSHR protein expression by enhancing translation through extranuclear AR signaling.
|
[1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1.4
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140304141948.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1007/s13524-014-0324-7
|
Medicine_230
|
These are some of the reasons to think this isn't random (and that this non-randomness is bad news for women):
"First, if men and women expect families to prioritize husbands' careers in relocation decisions, this may in turn compel women to sort into flexible occupations, thereby reproducing occupational segregation..."
"Second, the segregation of women into flexible occupations may be a byproduct of other occupational characteristics.
|
In other words, the tendency for families to relocate for men's careers may be a feature of men's and women's ex ante career choices rather than families' ex post prioritization of husband's careers, and therefore endogenous.
|
Note that the occupations on the left-hand side are, on the whole, much higher paid than the ones on the right. These are some of the reasons to think this isn't random (and that this non-randomness is bad news for women):
"First, if men and women expect families to prioritize husbands' careers in relocation decisions, this may in turn compel women to sort into flexible occupations, thereby reproducing occupational segregation..."
"Second, the segregation of women into flexible occupations may be a byproduct of other occupational characteristics. There are a lot of things this could mean.
|
However, occupations are not random by sex, and mobility is not random by occupation; this assumption is violated if men and women segregate into geographically constrained and flexible occupations, as would be the case if their career choices are made in anticipation of the two-body problem or if labor market processes otherwise channel women into jobs that can be performed anywhere. In other words, the tendency for families to relocate for men's careers may be a feature of men's and women's ex ante career choices rather than families' ex post prioritization of husband's careers, and therefore endogenous. Among never-married workers, I find that men are more likely than women to relocate for work.
|
[3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.75
|
news
|
http://www.businessinsider.com/why-women-choose-more-flexible-careers-2014-11
|
10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122421
|
Medicine_231
|
Their analysis, published in the March issue of the Annual Review of Public Health, identifies four problem areas related to health care delivery to Latinos under ACA:
The consequences of not covering undocumented residents.
|
Research into health care disparities affecting Latinos will likely change rapidly during the next two decades because of two important policy and sociodemographic changes.
|
Latinos' low rates of insurance coverage and poor access to health care strongly suggest a need for better outreach by health care providers and an improvement in insurance coverage. Their analysis, published in the March issue of the Annual Review of Public Health, identifies four problem areas related to health care delivery to Latinos under ACA:
The consequences of not covering undocumented residents. The heavier demand on public and private health care systems serving newly insured Latinos.
|
Care 535 patient, provider, and system factors that explains such disparities . Research into health care disparities affecting Latinos will likely change rapidly during the next two decades because of two important policy and sociodemographic changes. First, the implementation of the ACA will provide new topics of inquiry, such as the identification of new areas of disparities in health care including those between eligible and ineligible Latino populations (e.g., documented versus undocumented immigrants) as well as those within eligible populations.
|
[4.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 1
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150319092222.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fmost_popular+%28Most+Popular+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1038/s41598-018-29793-w
|
Medicine_232
|
"It's not going to be so simple, I don't think, as saying, 'OK, what happens if you give a probiotic?'"
|
We demonstrated that the baseline nasal microbiota clusters were associated with subsequent nasal inflammatory response, viral titer, and symptom severity in rhinovirus infection.
|
So it's not like the probiotic alters the microbiome of the gut in any substantial way." It's possible that administering a probiotic directly to the nose, such as through a spray, could have more effect. "It's not going to be so simple, I don't think, as saying, 'OK, what happens if you give a probiotic?'"
|
Whether intranasal administration of probiotic to the human host would amplify the effects seen following oral administration remains to be determined. We demonstrated that the baseline nasal microbiota clusters were associated with subsequent nasal inflammatory response, viral titer, and symptom severity in rhinovirus infection. Given the exploratory nature of our study, further investigations are needed to confirm the relationship between the nasal microbiota, host response and
|
[3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37225510845&p=1pl&v=1&x=cC_QQTJtCDR1qED9-8SGHg
|
10.1038/s41589-018-0155-8
|
Medicine_234
|
However, in further experiments conducted by the laboratory of study co-senior author John Teijaro, an assistant professor in the Department of Immunology and Microbiology at Scripps Research, it was clear that the reduction in ABHD12 activity had a big effect on the mouse immune system.
|
Taken together, these data indicate that the inactivation of ABHD12 promotes increased lung ) , regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted.
|
The rise wasn't as great as that seen in the ABHD12-knockout mice, and even four weeks of treatment with the inhibitor appeared to cause only slight hearing defects -- nothing like the profound defects experienced by PHARC patients. However, in further experiments conducted by the laboratory of study co-senior author John Teijaro, an assistant professor in the Department of Immunology and Microbiology at Scripps Research, it was clear that the reduction in ABHD12 activity had a big effect on the mouse immune system. Ordinary mice infected with LCMV clone 13 typically have minor symptoms but take a long time to clear the infection.
|
Finally, ABHD12 -/mice that survived the initial exaggerated immune response (~days 8-15) displayed a gradual reduction in viral titers in the serum and lung over the ensuing weeks (Fig. Taken together, these data indicate that the inactivation of ABHD12 promotes increased lung ) , regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted. e, ABHD12 -/mice kill adoptively transferred splenocytes displaying LCMV-specific antigen (GP33-41) more efficiently than ABHD12 +/+ mice.
|
[4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.6
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37814264274&p=1pl&v=1&x=fV_-TrzPs9X1ZtNnkmq4RQ
|
10.1038/s41598-018-26198-7
|
Medicine_236
|
Their analyses further suggested that stretching may impact on two possibly related mechanisms that are relevant to cancer--immune cell exhaustion and inflammation resolution.
|
We next examined tumor cytokine levels and found that, even though individual group differences were not statistically significant, overall levels of inflammatory mediators, including IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ, were up-regulated in the stretch group (Table 1) .
|
Their analyses further suggested that stretching may impact on two possibly related mechanisms that are relevant to cancer--immune cell exhaustion and inflammation resolution. Writing in their published paper in Scientific Reports, the researchers conclude, "The potential clinical significance of our results lies in the possibility of developing a method of gentle stretching that could be well tolerated and testable in humans for primary or secondary cancer prevention, or in conjunction with cancer treatment." Mice can quickly become accustomed to holding this position for 10 minutes at a time, without evidence of discomfort.
|
We found no significant difference in the abundance of macrophages expressing CD64 (M1) and CD206/Arg (M2) between stretch and no-stretch groups ( Table 1 ). We next examined tumor cytokine levels and found that, even though individual group differences were not statistically significant, overall levels of inflammatory mediators, including IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ, were up-regulated in the stretch group (Table 1) . Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed multiple gene signatures related to the immune response, including IFN-α, INF-γ, inflammatory response and allograft rejection, as the top enriched gene sets in the stretch group ( Fig.
|
[4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34125675804&p=1pl&v=1&x=EIuTbzUDbEKkr7kvXb-kdg
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0500
|
Medicine_238
|
Psychotherapy has made progress but is still being utilized by only a small portion of young people being treated with antipsychotics, according to the study.
|
Less than one-fourth of the patients in each of the age groups had an outpatient claim for psychotherapy (younger children, 13.5%; older children, 20.4%; adolescents, 24.8%; young adults, 18.8%) ( Table 4) .
|
"We may need to put greater effort into increasing access to psychosocial interventions that can treat symptoms and behaviors that are currently being addressed with antipsychotic medications." Psychotherapy has made progress but is still being utilized by only a small portion of young people being treated with antipsychotics, according to the study. Olfson pointed out that more research is needed to determine the factors that are currently impeding access to psychotherapy for children and teens in need of it.
|
Among antipsychotic-treated children and adolescents with mental disorder claims, the most common diagnosis was ADHD (younger children, 52.5%; older children, 60.1%; adolescents, 34.9%), while depression was the most common diagnosis among young adults (34.5%), followed by bipolar (26.6%) and anxiety disorders (22.9%). Less than one-fourth of the patients in each of the age groups had an outpatient claim for psychotherapy (younger children, 13.5%; older children, 20.4%; adolescents, 24.8%; young adults, 18.8%) ( Table 4) . In contrast with earlier reports 7-9 of increasing antipsychotic treatment of US children through the early 2000s, the percentage of children treated with antipsychotics was lower in 2010 than in 2006.
|
[5.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4
|
news
|
http://www.medicaldaily.com/prescription-drug-use-retrospective-study-shows-decreased-antipsychotic-drug-340770
|
10.1001/jamasurg.2018.0672
|
Medicine_24
|
"Our results suggest that functional health literacy can now also be included as an influencing factor for the quality of postoperative recovery," wrote the authors, who added that FHL should be considered a relevant factor in considering how to best optimize recovery for patients undergoing day surgery.In a linked commentary Jesse P Wright, MD; Kelvin Moses, MD, PhD; and Kamran Idrees, MD, MSCI, MMHC, wrote that "we question if patients are able to equally discern the difference in the questioning in the quality of recovery and [quality of life] questionnaires" used in the study, but said that "The findings in this ambulatory setting mirror findings by our group where we reported an association of low health literacy with various postoperative metrics, including increased hospital length of stay and use of discharge resources in patients undergoing surgical procedures.
|
Health literacy is a relevant factor to consider for optimizing the postoperative recovery in patients undergoing day surgery.
|
Those with inadequate FHL had the following when compared with those with sufficient FHL:Health-related quality of life, as measured by the EuroQol-visual analog scale, also revealed poorer outcomes for those with inadequate FHL; this group had worse scores for physical function, vitality, social functioning, and mental health. "Our results suggest that functional health literacy can now also be included as an influencing factor for the quality of postoperative recovery," wrote the authors, who added that FHL should be considered a relevant factor in considering how to best optimize recovery for patients undergoing day surgery.In a linked commentary Jesse P Wright, MD; Kelvin Moses, MD, PhD; and Kamran Idrees, MD, MSCI, MMHC, wrote that "we question if patients are able to equally discern the difference in the questioning in the quality of recovery and [quality of life] questionnaires" used in the study, but said that "The findings in this ambulatory setting mirror findings by our group where we reported an association of low health literacy with various postoperative metrics, including increased hospital length of stay and use of discharge resources in patients undergoing surgical procedures. "The commentary's authors say that investment in development of validated tools to measure FHL will generate the empirical data necessary to develop and use appropriate health literacy interventions.1.
|
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Inadequate FHL in patients undergoing day surgery was associated with poorer postoperative recovery and a lower health-related quality of life. Health literacy is a relevant factor to consider for optimizing the postoperative recovery in patients undergoing day surgery. 6 Considering this, the association between FHL and postoperative recovery in patients undergoing day surgery needs to be assessed.
|
[5.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 4.75
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33887433087&p=1pl&v=1&x=9eFFYNmEjRb2HVG-5W6y0Q
|
10.1210/jc.2013-2350
|
Medicine_240
|
Other recommendations from the CPG include:
* Because women with PCOS face an increased risk of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, preterm delivery and preeclampsia that can be exacerbated by obesity, women should have their body mass index, blood pressure and oral glucose tolerance assessed prior to conceiving;
* Following diagnosis, women with PCOS should be examined for skin and hair complications including excess hair growth and acne;
* Although women with PCOS have some of the same risk factors associated with the development of endometrial cancer, they should not routinely undergo ultrasound screening for endometrial thickness;
* To gauge metabolic risk, adolescents and adult women with PCOS should be screened for increased obesity using body mass index and waist circumference measurements;
* Clinicians should give adolescents and adult women with PCOS an oral glucose tolerance test to check for type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance because they are at increased risk of these conditions; and
* Initial treatment of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance in women with PCOS should be diet and exercise, with metformin as a second-line therapy.
|
In addition, the nocturnal drop in mean arterial blood pressure is lower, a finding that has also been demonstrated in obese adolescents with PCOS .
|
"The Society's recommendations allow physicians to make the diagnosis if clear symptoms are present without resorting to universal hormone tests or ultrasound screening." In the CPG, The Endocrine Society recommends that a diagnosis be made if adult women have two of the three cardinal features of PCOS (diagnostic criteria supported by the NIH panel): * Excess production of male hormones called androgens. Other recommendations from the CPG include:
* Because women with PCOS face an increased risk of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, preterm delivery and preeclampsia that can be exacerbated by obesity, women should have their body mass index, blood pressure and oral glucose tolerance assessed prior to conceiving;
* Following diagnosis, women with PCOS should be examined for skin and hair complications including excess hair growth and acne;
* Although women with PCOS have some of the same risk factors associated with the development of endometrial cancer, they should not routinely undergo ultrasound screening for endometrial thickness;
* To gauge metabolic risk, adolescents and adult women with PCOS should be screened for increased obesity using body mass index and waist circumference measurements;
* Clinicians should give adolescents and adult women with PCOS an oral glucose tolerance test to check for type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance because they are at increased risk of these conditions; and
* Initial treatment of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance in women with PCOS should be diet and exercise, with metformin as a second-line therapy.
|
Women with PCOS should have BMI and blood pressure measured at each clinic visit (and consider waist circumference if nonobese; Ն 36 inches is abnormal), and upon diagnosis of PCOS, additional testing should include a complete fasting lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides). In addition, the nocturnal drop in mean arterial blood pressure is lower, a finding that has also been demonstrated in obese adolescents with PCOS . Another marker of atherosclerosis, coronary artery calcification, is more common in women with PCOS than in controls, even after adjusting for the effects of age and BMI .
|
[4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 5.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.75
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024121206.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29
|
10.1016/j.molcel.2014.05.030
|
Medicine_241
|
D'Orazio and his research team found an important molecular link between MC1R signaling and DNA repair in their study.
|
In any case, our findings suggest that PKA-mediated phosphorylation of ATR at Ser435 is an important event that dynamically regulates early recruitment/assembly of XPA and possibly other DNA repair proteins to sites of UV damage to optimize NER.
|
"If you tend to burn, then you may have inherited a problem with your MC1R, and you probably should avoid purposeful UV exposure like tanning bed use or unprotected sun exposure." D'Orazio and his research team found an important molecular link between MC1R signaling and DNA repair in their study. The team hopes to use this information to develop new melanoma-preventive treatments, like additives that can be included in sunblocks to ramp up the skin's ability to deal with UV damage.
|
It is possible that the phospho-Ser435 ATR-XPA complex recognizes UV damaged sites through RPA binding (Zou and Elledge, 2003) or perhaps via the excision gap generated by NER . In any case, our findings suggest that PKA-mediated phosphorylation of ATR at Ser435 is an important event that dynamically regulates early recruitment/assembly of XPA and possibly other DNA repair proteins to sites of UV damage to optimize NER. Equal loading of PKA and substrate peptides was 17 confirmed by SYPRO Ruby staining (Invitrogen).
|
[3.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3
|
news
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/07/140715141753.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
|
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0500
|
Medicine_242
|
"Antipsychotics should be prescribed with care," says Michael Schoenbaum, co-author of the study and senior adviser for mental health services, epidemiology and economics at the National Institute of Mental Health.
|
Young adults treated with antipsychotics were more frequently diagnosed as having depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder than ADHD.
|
"Antipsychotics should be prescribed with care," says Michael Schoenbaum, co-author of the study and senior adviser for mental health services, epidemiology and economics at the National Institute of Mental Health. Even after medication has stopped, these effects may still persist. The percentage dropped to about half a percent by the time they reach the age of 19.
|
Consistent with clinical diagnoses suggesting that antipsychotics are primarily used to manage impulsive or aggressive behaviors in children associated with ADHD, 27 the highest rate of antipsychotic treatment was in adolescent boys, approximately half of whom also filled prescriptions for stimulants. Young adults treated with antipsychotics were more frequently diagnosed as having depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder than ADHD. The single year of age and sex patterns of antipsychotic use offers clues to clinical and social determinants of community antipsychotic prescribing practices.
|
[2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 3.25
|
news
|
http://www.techtimes.com/articles/65576/20150702/boys-with-adhd-more-likely-to-be-given-antipsychotics-study.htm
|
10.1038/s41467-019-08382-z
|
Medicine_243
|
These interactions help Hel2 identify flaws in protein formation.
|
The major Hel2 crosslink site (C1490-A1492 in yeast; C1554-A1556 in human) and the minor crosslink site of the 3' domain (U1362 in yeast; U1426 in human) both lie close to the 40S-40S interface, indicating that Hel2 and Asc1 may be even closer than judged from the monosome structure.
|
This clears the way for further proteins to be produced. These interactions help Hel2 identify flaws in protein formation. When researchers removed the parts of Hel2 in direct contact, this prevented the destruction of faulty proteins, showing that these contacts are important for the mechanism.
|
In collided diribosomes, the interface between both 40S subunits contains hRACK1 of the first (stalled) ribosome and hRPS10, hRPS20 and hRPS3 of the following (collided) ribosome 45 and hRPS10 ubiquitination by hZNF598 happens in the context of the collided ribosomes 45 . The major Hel2 crosslink site (C1490-A1492 in yeast; C1554-A1556 in human) and the minor crosslink site of the 3' domain (U1362 in yeast; U1426 in human) both lie close to the 40S-40S interface, indicating that Hel2 and Asc1 may be even closer than judged from the monosome structure. However, the second minor crosslink site (U494 in yeast; U542 in human) would be buried between the collided ribosomes.
|
[4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0]
|
Medicine
|
train
| 2.8
|
news
|
http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38442592628&p=1pl&v=1&x=6qnjJlZN_F0RgmqDHnl0dA
|
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