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10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_371 | PhysOrg notes that body-clock "disturbances" have also been tied to mental disorders like schizophrenia, so the findings could have even broader implications. | Period length was markedly increased in cell lines (24.8 hr with greater than 90% knockdown of Sik1 versus 22.1 hr with siNTtreated cells), and less so in vivo (23.27 hr with approximately 50% knockdown of Sik1 versus 23.04 siNT, Figure S5 ). | What we saw was the mice would actually advance their clock six hours within a day [rather than taking six days for untreated mice]." PhysOrg notes that body-clock "disturbances" have also been tied to mental disorders like schizophrenia, so the findings could have even broader implications. (Click for another story re... | To illustrate the magnitude of this effect, on day 2 the difference in phase was over 3 hr in the siNT-injected animals but was less than 1 hr in the Sik1-silenced mice ( Figure 5D ). Period length was markedly increased in cell lines (24.8 hr with greater than 90% knockdown of Sik1 versus 22.1 hr with siNTtreated cell... | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.newser.com/story/173430/scientists-uncover-clue-to-jet-lag.html |
10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.003 | Biology_372 | The mice fed the higher amounts of sodium showed stronger immune responses to the wounds, and cleared their infections faster than the mice eating less salt. | MF count was not different between the diet groups ( Figure 4B ). | MORE Older Adults May Be OK to Eat More Salt Than Previously Thought
The discovery came about by accident, after Jens Titze, the study's senior author, noticed that mice who had been bitten by their cage mates showed higher levels of sodium in their skin than those who were wound-free. The mice fed the higher amounts ... | We found a tendency toward increased IFN-g production in HSD mice, suggesting that Leishmania-specific T cell responses may be involved in improved host defense with HSD ( Figure 4B ). MF count was not different between the diet groups ( Figure 4B ). In the end of the study, HSD animals showed increased Nfat5 mRNA leve... | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.25 | news | http://time.com/3730061/the-weird-benefit-of-eating-salty-food/ |
10.1126/science.1256773 | Biology_373 | The scientists saw this signal in part because Field chose to include actin in their system, a cellular component that is often discarded because it makes it so difficult to do experiments with the egg extract. | 4D, right) ; we suspect it represents a configuration of actin bundles that normally precedes furrow ingression, because it has been noted in early anaphase in several systems (5) . | "To really prove that we reconstituted the cytokinesis signal, we needed to add the bilayer membrane and then see if it could recruit the proteins that would be on the cortex of the cell," Field said about the specialized layer beneath the cell membrane. The scientists saw this signal in part because Field chose to inc... | The spacing between actin cables was 1.3 T 0.5 mm (SD; n = 140), comparable to the spacing of actincontaining contractile bands on the cortex of live frog eggs (19) . 4D, right) ; we suspect it represents a configuration of actin bundles that normally precedes furrow ingression, because it has been noted in early anaph... | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141031133545.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.058 | Biology_374 | The cell detects the unauthorized replication and the MRN complex grabs and selectively neutralizes viral DNA without triggering a global response that would arrest or kill the cell. | Thus, DDR foci (legend continued on next page) discriminate viral and cellular genomes and determine whether a local or global ATM response is more appropriate. | When it comes to defending against DNA viruses, however, the Salk team found something interesting: the cell's response system begins the same way (with MRN detecting either DNA or viral breaks) but never progresses to the global alarm signal in the case of the virus. The cell detects the unauthorized replication and t... | Instead, these data indicate that viral genomes do not support the amplification of MRN-ATM activation through gH2AX DDR foci. Thus, DDR foci (legend continued on next page) discriminate viral and cellular genomes and determine whether a local or global ATM response is more appropriate. Strikingly, etoposide-induced ce... | [4.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/66433-the-dna-damage-response-goes-viral-a-way-in-for-new-cancer-treatments.html |
10.1038/s41467-018-04355-w | Biology_376 | In the new study, Pecot and his collaborators found that lung squamous carcinoma could be reclassified into just two different categories based on whether they showed a high presence of inflammatory monocytes. | This technique revealed that 85% of the immune infiltrates stained exclusively for CD14 and CCR2, suggesting that only a small subset of CD14+/CCR2+ cells represent CD206+ TAMs (P < 10 −4 , Supplementary Fig. | "The way that these immune cells promote lung cancer metastases was very unexpected. In the new study, Pecot and his collaborators found that lung squamous carcinoma could be reclassified into just two different categories based on whether they showed a high presence of inflammatory monocytes. "It's important to unders... | Consistent with mRNA expression levels, there were more dual positive cells in the Basal and Secretory subtypes in both stromal and cancer cell islet regions (Fig. This technique revealed that 85% of the immune infiltrates stained exclusively for CD14 and CCR2, suggesting that only a small subset of CD14+/CCR2+ cells r... | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 1.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34143256224&p=1pl&v=1&x=_B116Taw-aRVfBzYTF8X0Q |
10.1373/clinchem.2012.187617 | Biology_377 | Yet all the shifts Scott Kelly experienced during space flight amounted to less than how much a person's microbiome might change during a course of antibiotics, or a switch from a vegan diet to a carnivorous one. | These human studies confirmed animal data suggesting that alterations in gut microbial composition are associated with obesity. | What they found
Over the course of Scott Kelly's flight, the researchers saw changes in his gut microbiome that were not echoed in his brother's on Earth. Yet all the shifts Scott Kelly experienced during space flight amounted to less than how much a person's microbiome might change during a course of antibiotics, or ... | After weight loss, increased amounts of Bacteroidetes (3% to 15%) and a decreased abundance of Firmicutes were observed, and these changes correlated with the percentage of weight loss and not with changes in dietary caloric content. These human studies confirmed animal data suggesting that alterations in gut microbial... | [1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38972928248&p=1pl&v=1&x=ysfCh3UQ1PqOUUs0UQwPzg |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_381 | We also showed this effect in both peripheral tissues as well as in the clock in the brain. | Silencing of Sik1, which is upregulated by light in the SCN, in a manner similar to Per1 ( Figure 1A ) also shows period lengthening (28.0 hr). | "Our key contribution to the project was to manipulate the SIK1 protein pharmacologically, and we revealed that such blockage of the protein's activity in combination with exposure to a natural clock resetting agent, such as light, enhanced the clock shifting response," Duffield said. We also showed this effect in both... | It is closely related to CsnkE, which is mutated in the Tau mutant hamster, which also shows period lengthening . Silencing of Sik1, which is upregulated by light in the SCN, in a manner similar to Per1 ( Figure 1A ) also shows period lengthening (28.0 hr). (Opn4 À/À ) show attenuated phase-shifting responses to light,... | [1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.8 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/disorders-conditions/sleep/42436-researchers-identify-new-drug-target-for-treating-jet-lag-and-shift-work-disorders.html |
10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.006 | Biology_382 | This structural signature, they find, is bound by a small protein named RanGDP. | This may be part of the reason why the presence of a 23 AR 13Hb code for RanGDP binding enabled us to predict nuclear ARPs with high accuracy. | Lu's team shows in the study that the import signal that flags proteins for the new pathway consists of two consecutive ARs that share one feature: each has a hydrophobic amino acid (one with chemical properties that repel water) that is located 13 amino acids into the repeat. This structural signature, they find, is b... | for RanGDP binding. This may be part of the reason why the presence of a 23 AR 13Hb code for RanGDP binding enabled us to predict nuclear ARPs with high accuracy. Strikingly, detailed analysis of the 30 ARPs that contain 23 AR 13Hb revealed three functional clusters. | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140522123451.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Biology_386 | "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. | We found that the hippocampus is not required for general orientation in the city, detailed topographical knowledge of landmarks and their spatial relationships, or even for the navigation along some routes, all of which abilities were preserved. | He sees it as confirmation of the idea that cognitive exercise produces physical changes in the brain. "The initial findings could have been explained by a correlation, that people with big hippocampi become taxi drivers," he says. "But it turns out it really was the training process that caused the growth in the brain... | However, we would argue that the potential costs of expertise also warrant consideration. We found that the hippocampus is not required for general orientation in the city, detailed topographical knowledge of landmarks and their spatial relationships, or even for the navigation along some routes, all of which abilities... | [2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.038 | Biology_388 | Now we can say the problem is with a specific site within telomerase and perhaps see why the enzyme sometimes does not work properly. | We tried to add detergent to the sample in order to reduce exposure of particles to hydrophobic environment; however, there were very few particles in holes of cryo-EM grids in the presence of detergent (0.025% IGEPAL CA-630), suggesting that telomerase holoenzyme has affinity for the hydrophobic air/ water interface. | In addition to reporting the highest level of detail ever seen of the structure of telomerase's catalytic core, shown in the animation below, the researchers report for the first time they have captured telomerase in the process of making DNA. Now we can say the problem is with a specific site within telomerase and per... | This highly purified sample showed relatively good homogeneity of particles with a uniform shape in our negative stain EM images, but very high heterogeneity in our cryo-EM images. We tried to add detergent to the sample in order to reduce exposure of particles to hydrophobic environment; however, there were very few p... | [2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34239565585&p=1pl&v=1&x=dKdwlCB2iE4axi2krXvE_w |
10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.016 | Biology_389 | Eventually, the research team concluded that zebrafish copy each other's motions and are dependent on another socially engaged fish to begin social orienting. | We further validated our finding that the vTel is important for teleost social behavior by using the GAL4/UAS system to chemo-genetically ablate different neuronal populations in the forebrain. | As the project progressed, fish were exposed to non-fish objects, which failed to initiate social orienting. Eventually, the research team concluded that zebrafish copy each other's motions and are dependent on another socially engaged fish to begin social orienting. The presence of another fish that is not socially en... | These deficits are accompanied by a disruption in the correlation between distance from the divider and social orienting ( Figure 3H ; R 2 = 0.188, p = 0.243). We further validated our finding that the vTel is important for teleost social behavior by using the GAL4/UAS system to chemo-genetically ablate different neuro... | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 1.6 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34657319504&p=1pl&v=1&x=IZljwk13voqosD3secxjLg |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_390 | The discovery of the role that SIK1 plays in the body clock welcomes the possible innovation of a new drug that can treat jet lag and shift work disorders. | Thus SIK1 provides negative feedback, acting to suppress the effects of light on the clock. | "It would appear that SIK1 plays a common role in our circadian clocks found throughout our body, and working as a hand-brake on our ability to shift our biorhythms and adjust to new time zones, whether these are real or artificial, such as those produced during shift work schedules," said Duffield. The discovery of th... | Knockdown of Sik1 within the SCN results in increased behavioral phase shifts and rapid re-entrainment following experimental jet lag. Thus SIK1 provides negative feedback, acting to suppress the effects of light on the clock. This pathway provides a potential target for the regulation of circadian rhythms. | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 5.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/jet-lag-cure-could-lie-newly-discovered-gene-255200 |
10.3945/jn.113.188441 | Biology_393 | Dr. Shin added that the study's health implications could be substantial -- particularly if it leads to people choosing healthier foods. | As shown in previous reports, a high intake of refined carbohydrates such as white rice is known to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, therefore nullifying the possible association between the MP and hyperglycemia in our study. | "This research is significant since many people are consuming instant noodles without knowing possible health risks," Dr. Shin said. "My hope is that this study can lay a foundation for future research about the health effects of instant noodle consumption." Dr. Shin added that the study's health implications could be ... | This null association between the MP and hyperglycemia might be explained by a reduced intake of carbohydrates, especially from polished white rice in the MP. As shown in previous reports, a high intake of refined carbohydrates such as white rice is known to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, therefore nullifying th... | [3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140812121642.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1704745114 | Biology_395 | The separation of these parts in the seed 'brain' also appears to be central to how it functions.' | The radicle-enriched localization of decision-making components occurred during late seed development, coincident with the temporal induction of dormancy in Arabidopsis seeds during seed maturation (SI Appendix, Supplementary Fig. | Lead author of the study, Professor George Bassel from the School of Biosciences at the University of Birmingham, says: 'Our work reveals a crucial separation between the components within a plant decision-making centre. The separation of these parts in the seed 'brain' also appears to be central to how it functions.' ... | 5Z ), the transcript is abundant in this developmental state . The radicle-enriched localization of decision-making components occurred during late seed development, coincident with the temporal induction of dormancy in Arabidopsis seeds during seed maturation (SI Appendix, Supplementary Fig. 8) . | [2.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://www.seeddaily.com/reports/Scientists_discover_plant_brain_controlling_seed_development_999.html |
10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.058 | Biology_397 | The discovery could help in the development of new cancer-selective viral therapies and may help explain why aging and certain diseases seem to open the door to viral infections. | Consistent with this, MRE11 and RAD50 protein levels are decreased in WT and DE4-ORF3-virus-infected cells that express E1B-55K (Figure 1B) . | The discovery could help in the development of new cancer-selective viral therapies and may help explain why aging and certain diseases seem to open the door to viral infections. "Our study reveals fundamental mechanisms that distinguish DNA breaks at cellular and viral genomes to trigger different responses that prote... | The subsequent assembly of newly replicated virus genomes in nuclear domains triggers global ATM signaling through an MRN-independent mechanism but does not impact viral replication. Consistent with this, MRE11 and RAD50 protein levels are decreased in WT and DE4-ORF3-virus-infected cells that express E1B-55K (Figure 1... | [1.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.2 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/66433-the-dna-damage-response-goes-viral-a-way-in-for-new-cancer-treatments.html |
10.1038/s41467-018-04408-0 | Biology_399 | "In this way, we can eventually provide better treatment for the diseases." | Further, a physiological testosterone replacement reduced spleen levels of Baff mRNA in castrated control but not G-ARKO mice (Fig. | For some reason, almost all autoimmune diseases affect women more often than men, the study, published in the journal Nature Communications, confirms. "In this way, we can eventually provide better treatment for the diseases." Basically, the study found that there is a critical protein called BAFF, which makes B cells ... | Indeed, Tnfsf13b (Baff) mRNA in the spleen was increased in G-ARKO mice (Fig. Further, a physiological testosterone replacement reduced spleen levels of Baff mRNA in castrated control but not G-ARKO mice (Fig. 3e) ; thus, testosterone downregulates splenic Baff mRNA in an AR-dependent manner. | [1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34230456675&p=1pl&v=1&x=lt6z2jq1xfFKoXvXclXMKg |
10.1038/s41467-018-04408-0 | Biology_4 | Recognition of the link between testosterone and BAFF is completely new. | Therefore, differences in the regulation of BAFF by estradiol and testosterone, potentially driven by nervous mechanisms, may contribute to the sex difference in autoimmune diseases in which BAFF has a pathogenic function. | If you eliminate testosterone, you get more BAFF and thereby more B cells in the spleen because they survive to a greater extent. Recognition of the link between testosterone and BAFF is completely new. The results correlate well with a previous study showing that genetic variations in BAFF can be linked to the risk of... | Hence, estradiol elevates BAFF production and accelerates autoimmune disease , whereas testosterone has the opposite effects . Therefore, differences in the regulation of BAFF by estradiol and testosterone, potentially driven by nervous mechanisms, may contribute to the sex difference in autoimmune diseases in which BA... | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 2.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34228585539&p=1pl&v=1&x=jeRWiJSUImhYEA135bTOfw |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Biology_40 | The study found that, on average, Bifidobacterium were established earlier and more frequently in infants fed by women with an active copy of the gene, the secretors, than without one, the non-secretors. | Bifidobacteria were found to be established (High-Bif qPCR ) earlier in secretorfed infants (60% of infants versus 37.5% at day 6) and more often (80% versus 50% by day 120) ( Figure 5 ). | The relationship between human genetics, breast milk and Bifidobacterium appears to have developed throughout mammalian evolution. The study found that, on average, Bifidobacterium were established earlier and more frequently in infants fed by women with an active copy of the gene, the secretors, than without one, the ... | Much of the bifidobacterial abundance difference between the two secretor status milk phenotypes appears to come from variation in the time at which each infant transitions from possessing a Low-Bif qPCR ' gut community to possessing a High-Bif qPCR gut community. Bifidobacteria were found to be established (High-Bif q... | [4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150409143035.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1038/s41467-018-07309-4 | Biology_400 | "Our research showed that VDAC2 is required for Bax to drive the response of cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy agents as well as the recently developed BH3-mimetics," Professor Huang said. | In the absence of VDAC2, BAX cannot drive cell death. | "We were able to follow up on this research to show that the protein, called VDAC2, was a catalyst that helped Bax associate with mitochondria and form pores in their membranes, to kill the cell," Associate Professor Dewson said. "Bax is important for helping anti-cancer agents kill cells -- without Bax and its relativ... | g VDAC2 is essential for BAX, but not BAK to target mitochondria and mediate apoptosis. In the absence of VDAC2, BAX cannot drive cell death. Although the ability of BAK to associate with mitochondria is also perturbed in VDAC2 −/− cells 31 , sufficient BAK can still target mitochondria through a VDAC2-independent mech... | [3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 3.25 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37805367219&p=1pl&v=1&x=3iEY--hRAgTuZzGYcJlaOA |
10.1038/s41598-018-21058-w | Biology_401 | "We haven't seen any biological damage to skin cells or eye cells, whereas with conventional UV light we've always seen lots of biological damage," he says. | If these results are confirmed in other scenarios, it follows that the use of overhead low-level far-UVC light in public locations may represent a safe and efficient methodology for limiting the transmission and spread of airborne-mediated microbial diseases such as influenza and tuberculosis. | "So up until now, they're only really practical when people aren't around," say Brenner. "We haven't seen any biological damage to skin cells or eye cells, whereas with conventional UV light we've always seen lots of biological damage," he says. Now, Brenner and his colleagues have show that UVC light can effectively k... | However as discussed above, based on biophysical considerations and in contrast to the known human health safety issues associated with conventional germicidal 254-nm broad-spectrum UVC light, far-UVC light does not appear to be cytotoxic to exposed human cells and tissues in vitro or in vivo . If these results are con... | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33262084408&p=1pl&v=1&x=IXp4Uc8cQK4KvbY3rAq2QQ |
10.1073/pnas.1418979112 | Biology_402 | They found that species of geckos in which the adhesive system was either lost or simplified experienced elevated rates of evolution related to morphology and locomotion. | Generally, across the tree of life, we might expect that many of the most extraordinary examples of adaptive divergence should coincide not only with the origin and retention of innovations but also with their simplification, and ultimately their loss, in association with adaptation to new situations. | "The removal of the constraints associated with adhesion allowed those gecko species to either run faster or burrow," said Timothy Higham, one of the researchers, in a news release. They found that species of geckos in which the adhesive system was either lost or simplified experienced elevated rates of evolution relat... | The association between a terrestrial lifestyle and the loss/reduction of adhesion suggests a direct link between morphology, biomechanics, and ecology. Generally, across the tree of life, we might expect that many of the most extraordinary examples of adaptive divergence should coincide not only with the origin and re... | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 4 | news | http://www.scienceworldreport.com/articles/20997/20150108/speedy-geckos-lose-sticky-feet-evolution-video.htm |
10.1186/1742-9994-11-20 | Biology_403 | In this case, the goats did not learn the task faster. | We suggest that wild and domestic goats, and possibly other ungulates, lack sophisticated forms of social learning, because individual and simple social learning mechanisms are probably more efficient for improving their survival or reproductive success . | After subjecting them to a few demonstrations most of the trained goats (9/12) successfully learned the task; "on average, within 12 trials," according to the authors. In this case, the goats did not learn the task faster. This goes to show that goats "learned through individual rather than social learning," researcher... | In Krueger and Flauger , the side at which a demonstrator was eating influenced the behaviour of observers if the demonstrator was present (i.e. We suggest that wild and domestic goats, and possibly other ungulates, lack sophisticated forms of social learning, because individual and simple social learning mechanisms ar... | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3.8 | news | http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2014/0326/Goats-are-not-as-dumb-as-you-think-say-scientists |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.058 | Biology_404 | The authors found that the diabetes drug metformin corrected the low levels of fatty acid oxidation seen in cells expressing the KSR2 mutations. | We identified multiple rare variants in KSR2 that disrupt signaling through the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway and impair cellular fatty acid oxidation and glucose oxidation in transfected cells; effects that can be ameliorated by the commonly prescribed antidiabetic drug, metformin. | "This work adds to a growing body of evidence that genes play a major role in influencing a person's weight and may be useful for developing new ways to treat people who are heavy and develop diabetes" adds Farooqi. The authors found that the diabetes drug metformin corrected the low levels of fatty acid oxidation seen... | Targeted deletion of Ksr2 leads to obesity in mice, suggesting a role in energy homeostasis. We identified multiple rare variants in KSR2 that disrupt signaling through the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway and impair cellular fatty acid oxidation and glucose oxidation in transfected cells; effects that can be ameliorated by the com... | [4.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 4.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131024121446.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1420819112 | Biology_406 | Body nutrient content and trophic position explained little of the variation in EN, EP, or ENP, indicating limited applicability of basic predictors of EST. | Body nutrient content and trophic position explained little of the variation in E N , E P , or E NP , indicating limited applicability of basic predictors of EST. | In all cases, including taxonomy in models substantially improved model performance, highlighting the importance of species identity for this ecosystem function. Body nutrient content and trophic position explained little of the variation in EN, EP, or ENP, indicating limited applicability of basic predictors of EST. T... | In all cases, including taxonomy in models substantially improved model performance, highlighting the importance of species identity for this ecosystem function. Body nutrient content and trophic position explained little of the variation in E N , E P , or E NP , indicating limited applicability of basic predictors of ... | [5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/fish-type-body-size-can-help-predict-nutrient-recycling-rates/ |
10.1093/molbev/mst207 | Biology_409 | In the dataset, which the research team under the direction of Hasselmann collected from all over the world and examined, there were, however, 53 csd alleles found in localities (in Kenya), and worldwide at least csd 87 alleles. | Because of highly ambiguous alignment, the HVR was excluded from previous studies and was not further evaluated when estimating the numbers of csd alleles in honey bee populations . | Up until now, it was assumed that there were up to 20 csd alleles. In the dataset, which the research team under the direction of Hasselmann collected from all over the world and examined, there were, however, 53 csd alleles found in localities (in Kenya), and worldwide at least csd 87 alleles. Using an evolutionary mo... | The combined information of amino acid differences 1) given by the inspection of the HVR and 2) existing in the HVR-flanking region (PSD including exon 8) allows the discrimination of the csd specificities from replicates encoding the same csd allele. Because of highly ambiguous alignment, the HVR was excluded from pre... | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131031090344.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.019 | Biology_41 | X Chromosome Dosage Influences DNA Methylation Dynamics during Reprogramming to Mouse iPSCs. | Therefore, differences in DNA methylation correlate with the X chromosome status of iPSCs. | Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. X Chromosome Dosage Influences DNA Methylation Dynamics during Reprogramming to Mouse iPSCs. | Specifically, iPSCs and ESCs clustered into two main groups ( Figure 1D ). Therefore, differences in DNA methylation correlate with the X chromosome status of iPSCs. These data suggested that the first principal component, which correlated with the number of active X chromosomes and captured the separation of XO/XY and... | [3.0, 2.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33847856937&p=1pl&v=1&x=vV_Dne2GAjTKIkp14dSTOw |
10.1038/s41467-018-05402-2 | Biology_410 | All-trans retinoic acid also binds and destroys the Pin1 enzyme, but in addition, it increases cells' uptake of arsenic trioxide, increasing expression of a cell membrane protein that pumps ATO into cells. | We show that ATO directly and noncovalently binds to the common cancer signaling regulator Pin1 to block multiple cancerdriving pathways and eliminate CSCs in TNBC. | "This might significantly improve the outcomes of cancer treatment." All-trans retinoic acid also binds and destroys the Pin1 enzyme, but in addition, it increases cells' uptake of arsenic trioxide, increasing expression of a cell membrane protein that pumps ATO into cells. Mice that lack expression of Pin1 are highly ... | 8) . We show that ATO directly and noncovalently binds to the common cancer signaling regulator Pin1 to block multiple cancerdriving pathways and eliminate CSCs in TNBC. These results are consistent with the previous findings that ATO shows efficacy against various hematologic malignancies and solid tumors 13 , given p... | [4.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34769883200&p=1pl&v=1&x=doouI4fR0QUJ9XLDoBb9yQ |
10.1186/1471-2164-15-223 | Biology_411 | Across all four cancer types, the new method of selecting candidate genes based on inter-tumor variation in gene expression outperformed the other methods, including the standard method of comparing mean expression in adjacent normal and tumor tissues. | Our study showed that assessment of the interindividual variation of gene expression is better at predicting cancer-associated genes than is the traditional comparison of mean gene expression in adjacent normal and tumor tissues. | The results were consistent across 4 major cancer types: breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer. Across all four cancer types, the new method of selecting candidate genes based on inter-tumor variation in gene expression outperformed the other methods, including the standard method of comparing mean expression i... | The average EF was slightly lower for the raw data than was it was for the processed data: 3.5 ± 0.3 vs. 3.8 ± 0.2, even though the correlation between the raw-data variance and the processed-data variance was relatively low: average, 0.52; range, 0.31 to 0.62. Our study showed that assessment of the interindividual va... | [3.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.8 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140502130235.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.011 | Biology_412 | The experiment suggested to the researchers that those nerves which normally don't respond to pain may modify themselves during prolonged injury, adding to the pain signals being sent to the brain. | Future experiments combining GCaMP imaging with pharmacological, electrophysiological, and genetic approaches will be necessary to definitively address these mechanistic possibilities. | Applying capsaicin again to different areas, the researchers discovered that more nerve branches coming from a pinched V2 nerve lit up in comparison to those coming from an uninjured one. The experiment suggested to the researchers that those nerves which normally don't respond to pain may modify themselves during prol... | Given that the most distal site of close contact between the V2 and V3 neurons is within the trigeminal ganglion, a more likely mechanism is that the somata of injured nerves, their central axons, and/or the intraganglionic domains of their peripheral axons secrete molecules, such as nerve growth factor, to sensitize n... | [2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.75 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/chronic-pain-management-blocking-serotonin-may-help-end-persistent-aches-267721 |
10.4049/jimmunol.1400569 | Biology_413 | Their tests of mice and non-human primates showed that mice bred to lack C3 since birth had much less bone loss and inflammation in their gums several weeks after P. gingivalis infection compared with normal mice. | These data show that C3 is required for maximal inflammation and bone loss in P. gingivalis-induced periodontitis in mice. | If successful, the treatment could prevent, halve, and even reverse the effects of the disease periodontitis. Their tests of mice and non-human primates showed that mice bred to lack C3 since birth had much less bone loss and inflammation in their gums several weeks after P. gingivalis infection compared with normal mi... | 1B and 1C, respectively) . These data show that C3 is required for maximal inflammation and bone loss in P. gingivalis-induced periodontitis in mice. Consistent with its ability to activate C5aR independently of the canonical activation of the complement cascade, P. gingivalis retained its capacity to colonize the peri... | [3.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Biology | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/new-gum-disease-treatment-prevent-and-reverse-complications-involves-key-immune-system-component |
10.1038/s41467-018-05187-4 | Biology_414 | The researchers expect that the 'SIRT7-regulated osteoblastogenesis pathway' will be a new therapeutic drug target to treat decreased osteogenesis and osteoporosis. | 7 and 8) . | The researchers expect that the 'SIRT7-regulated osteoblastogenesis pathway' will be a new therapeutic drug target to treat decreased osteogenesis and osteoporosis. A bone morphometry analysis showed that bone formation and the number of osteoblasts (bone-building cells) had been reduced. Furthermore, the researchers o... | In addition, we found that SIRT7-mediated deacylation of lysine 368 facilitated depropionylation of OSX, and SIRT1 synergistically promoted depropionylation of OSX with SIRT7 ( Figs. 7 and 8) . These findings indicate that SIRT7/ SIRT1-mediated deacylation of lysine residues is required for full activation of OSX, allo... | [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=35005027911&p=1pl&v=1&x=MZiQ0Ol1PJOiYoVSKfwNwQ |
10.1093/molbev/msv031 | Biology_416 | Furthermore, these regions controlled genes that were expressed only in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, indicating that HARs may play an important role in regulating genes found to be linked to schizophrenia. | Because the HAR-associated genes are enriched in neurodevelopmental processes and results below), one may argue that the enrichment we observed when using all the human genes as background might simply indicate that both schizophrenia genes and pHAR genes are brain related. | They found that the schizophrenic loci were most strongly associated in genomic regions near the HARs that are conserved in non-human primates, and these HAR-associated schizophrenic loci are found to be under stronger evolutionary selective pressure when compared with other schizophrenic loci. Furthermore, these regio... | In addition, pHARs may not be conserved in nonprimate mammals or may be different between primates and other mammals. Because the HAR-associated genes are enriched in neurodevelopmental processes and results below), one may argue that the enrichment we observed when using all the human genes as background might simply ... | [3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150224220013.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_science+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Science+News%29 |
10.1038/s41467-018-06157-6 | Biology_417 | The researchers determined that, while climate change likely has been and will be a factor in the decline of some local populations such as in the Rocky Mountain West -- where the effect of a warming climate seems to be more severe for amphibians -- it is not responsible for the current declines that are occurring. | While we demonstrate that amphibian communities are sensitive to changes in climate, our results suggest that changing climate is not the proximate cause for ongoing assemblage-wide declines that have been observed in North American amphibians. | For example, they found that less precipitation during breeding seasons generally has a negative effect on amphibian populations, while less snowfall during winter may benefit many populations. The researchers determined that, while climate change likely has been and will be a factor in the decline of some local popula... | For example, we found that summer drought has the strongest impact in warm and dry regions, decreased snowfall has a smaller effect in eastern compared to western North America, and winter warming is predicted to decrease species richness for all species groups except tree frogs. While we demonstrate that amphibian com... | [4.0, 4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37215274368&p=1pl&v=1&x=fx948_m_mGeC95JrU6Jwsg |
10.1038/s41467-018-05738-9 | Biology_419 | "Within my lifetime, my children's lifetime, it should be ramping up. | We acknowledge that present-day emissions associated with abrupt thaw may be conservative since gross lake-area increases in some regions are higher (e.g., > 50% in Quebec 85 and > 23% in West Siberia 86 ), potentially due to hydrological changes in addition to permafrost thaw. | "We don't have to wait 200 or 300 years to get these large releases of permafrost carbon. "Within my lifetime, my children's lifetime, it should be ramping up. It's already happening but it's not happening at a really fast rate right now, but within a few decades, it should peak." | This range of gross lake expansion is comparable to our observation of gross lake-area increase in northern and western Alaska (i.e., 1999-2014, 1.1-1.7% gross lake area increase upscaled to 5-7% assuming similar expansion/formation rates over the past 60 years; Supplementary Table 3, Fig. We acknowledge that present-d... | [3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 2.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37091509163&p=1pl&v=1&x=OOO_-fXHaVKPAQqiGUPVbg |
10.1038/emboj.2013.236 | Biology_421 | "The ZNF281 promoter sequence contains several binding sites for the SNAIL protein, which is in turn involved in implementing the EMT triggered by c-MYC, and we were able to show that the metastasis-promoting role of SNAIL depends on its ability to bind to the ZNF281 promoter," says Hermeking. | Furthermore, c-MYCinduced SNAIL could repress miR-34, which would contribute to increased ZNF281 expression. | Their findings revealed that ZNF281 is at the hub of a complex functional network that indeed has a significant influence on tumor metastasis. "The ZNF281 promoter sequence contains several binding sites for the SNAIL protein, which is in turn involved in implementing the EMT triggered by c-MYC, and we were able to sho... | The absence of c-MYC binding sites in the promoter region of ZNF281 implies the existence of alternative regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, c-MYCinduced SNAIL could repress miR-34, which would contribute to increased ZNF281 expression. Alternatively, the association of c-MYC protein with ZNF281 may inhibit the turnove... | [3.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 3.2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131104092603.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1111/ele.12236 | Biology_423 | All these relations together form a robust network of interactions between plants and pollinators. | The extent to which pollinators interact with the same plant species increases with connectance and/or nestedeness. | All these relations together form a robust network of interactions between plants and pollinators. These networks have a characteristic structure that is similar in very different natural landscapes, such as rainforests and river deltas, as well as in human-dominated landscapes with orchards, fields and meadows. Plants... | Our results can be understood intuitively by considering the 'net effects' of species on each other and the way in which these effects are mediated by the topology of mutualistic networks. The extent to which pollinators interact with the same plant species increases with connectance and/or nestedeness. A high nestedne... | [3.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.6 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/01/07/robust-network-insect-pollinators-may-collapse-suddenly-study-finds/ |
10.1073/pnas.1519508113 | Biology_424 | "The genetic diversity we have discovered, thanks to restocking from wild 'ghost' dromedary populations, is quite remarkable in the history of its domestication," adds Almathen. | Given the environmental context in which the wild dromedary would have evolved, it can be assumed that its native distribution and population size were generally quite restricted compared with the ancestral ranges of other livestock species before domestication. | "The genetic diversity we have discovered, thanks to restocking from wild 'ghost' dromedary populations, is quite remarkable in the history of its domestication," adds Almathen. "It underlines the animal's potential to adapt sustainably to future challenges of expanding desert areas and global climate change." "Our ana... | S5 ) and increasingly disjointed before the global extinction of the wild populations less than two millennia after the appearance of the domestic form ) . Given the environmental context in which the wild dromedary would have evolved, it can be assumed that its native distribution and population size were generally qu... | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://www.futurity.org/domestic-dromedary-camel-1158862-2/ |
10.1038/s41564-019-0426-5 | Biology_425 | Developing a fundamental understanding of the biodiversity of the activated sludge microbiome in relationship to performance is critical to advancing and optimizing this key technology for maintaining environmental health. | Meta-analyses with global datasets associate the activated sludge microbiomes most closely to freshwater populations. | This study is novel in several ways: (1) it reports the first comprehensive, highly coordinated effort to examine the global diversity and biogeography of the activated sludge microbiome; (2) it documents a highly diverse activated microbiome, containing up to one billion microbial phylotypes comprise of novel species;... | Despite this high diversity, activated sludge has a small, global core bacterial community (n = 28 operational taxonomic units) that is strongly linked to activated sludge performance. Meta-analyses with global datasets associate the activated sludge microbiomes most closely to freshwater populations. In contrast to ma... | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39214953502&p=1pl&v=1&x=KnsyRGsniTDUhbLA3M7vMw |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.050 | Biology_426 | After 18 of 20 days of gestation, the mice developed the same symptoms that women with preeclampsia experience: increased blood pressure and protein in their urine. | Pregnant Tg-AT1B2 mice developed symptoms of preeclampsia as evidenced by hypertension on day 18 of pregnancy, proteinuria, low platelet count, and increased levels of circulating sFlt1 ( Figures 4A-4D ). | "Every day that the fetus has left to develop in the mother's womb counts when it comes to premature births." After 18 of 20 days of gestation, the mice developed the same symptoms that women with preeclampsia experience: increased blood pressure and protein in their urine. Conversely, when researchers reduced the rece... | Together, these data demonstrate that AT1cer and B2eYFP are mainly forming heteromers on vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from double-transgenic Tg-AT1B2 mice. Pregnant Tg-AT1B2 mice developed symptoms of preeclampsia as evidenced by hypertension on day 18 of pregnancy, proteinuria, low platelet count, and increas... | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 4.25 | news | https://www.futurity.org/preeclampsia-pregnancy-1955712/ |
10.1073/pnas.1301764110 | Biology_427 | "TfR1 plays a role in HCV infection at the level of glycoprotein-mediated entry, acts after CD81 and is possibly involved in HCV particle internalization," said Danyelle Martin, the first author of the study who performed this research as part of her Ph.D work at University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) and is now manag... | Although not a robust assay, analogous to previous reports, we observed a threefold increase in HCVcc binding to CHO cells expressing human SRBI than to parental CHO cells, and this binding was more pronounced than that detected on CHO cells expressing CD81. | "It creates a key building block toward finding a medical solution to Hepatitis C."
The new study is part of a project initially directed at understanding how HCV may disrupt cellular iron homeostasis. "TfR1 plays a role in HCV infection at the level of glycoprotein-mediated entry, acts after CD81 and is possibly invo... | HCV Particle Binds to TfR1. Although not a robust assay, analogous to previous reports, we observed a threefold increase in HCVcc binding to CHO cells expressing human SRBI than to parental CHO cells, and this binding was more pronounced than that detected on CHO cells expressing CD81. Likewise, CHO cells expressing Tf... | [2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130610192611.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1038/s41467-017-00597-2 | Biology_428 | When exposed to drugs which cause no disturbance in normal embryos, their brainless counterparts went on to develop severe birth defects, such as bent spinal cords and tails, which made it clear that the brain also acts as a barrier against potentially dangerous substances. | The effect is brain-specific, as removal of other body regions does not induce this effect. | The alteration led to abnormal development of the muscles and the peripheral nervous system, indicating the importance of the brain for embryogenesis even in distant regions of the body. When exposed to drugs which cause no disturbance in normal embryos, their brainless counterparts went on to develop severe birth defe... | Here we show that the early morphogenesis and patterning of trunk muscle structure and innervation in animals developing without a brain are highly abnormal. The effect is brain-specific, as removal of other body regions does not induce this effect. The brain is not only required for normal development, but also exerts... | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 1.8 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/7ipa-L3-lPo/ |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_43 | "Even at 1.5degC to 2degC [warming], there are impacts and costs due to thawing permafrost. | These findings stemming from the nonlinearities both in the PCF and SAF have been overlooked in climate policy studies so far (Supplementary Note 5) . | What's needed, he said, is urgency and political will. "Even at 1.5degC to 2degC [warming], there are impacts and costs due to thawing permafrost. But they are considerably lower for these scenarios compared to business as usual," said Yumashev. | This means IAMs that do not include the PCF and assume a constant SAF will underestimate GMST by between 0.1 and 0.2 C for all but the highest emissions scenarios. These findings stemming from the nonlinearities both in the PCF and SAF have been overlooked in climate policy studies so far (Supplementary Note 5) . Impli... | [3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39059198716&p=1pl&v=1&x=LFeOjGrAvD1wF12D7W6Wvg |
10.1098/rspb.2014.1887 | Biology_430 | "We can tell that there is something going through the filefish diet that's making the fish smell enough like the coral to confuse the crabs," Booker said. | Crabs also exhibited a similar preference for the odour of filefish fed their preferred coral and odour directly from that coral, suggesting a close chemical match. | The filefish smelled so strongly of coral that sometimes the crabs were attracted to the fish instead of coral, when given a choice between the two. "We can tell that there is something going through the filefish diet that's making the fish smell enough like the coral to confuse the crabs," Booker said. When the filefi... | Crabs preferred the odour of filefish fed their preferred coral over the odour of filefish fed a non-preferred coral, suggesting coralspecific dietary elements that influence odour are sequestered. Crabs also exhibited a similar preference for the odour of filefish fed their preferred coral and odour directly from that... | [5.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141211115524.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.04.011 | Biology_431 | Age And Reproduction
However, even if the older males were essentially more attractive to the females, they mated less frequently than the younger ones. | They invoked potential declines in fertility and increases in mutation load with age (as discussed above) and argued that survival to old age is not an indicator of genetic quality. | On the other hand, those who choose the younger males may have done so because their genes might not have accumulated mutations that can be passed onto their offspring. Age And Reproduction
However, even if the older males were essentially more attractive to the females, they mated less frequently than the younger one... | dismissed the potential role of age as an indicator of high genetic quality. They invoked potential declines in fertility and increases in mutation load with age (as discussed above) and argued that survival to old age is not an indicator of genetic quality. In contrast, a simulation model by supported the possibility ... | [2.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39314343708&p=1pl&v=1&x=7oTJ7EvTH4_gmwHLuirLRg |
10.1038/s41467-018-07273-z | Biology_433 | The damage caused by the heatwave affected the sons of overheated males. | Sons of males that had been exposed to a single heatwave in the previous generation showed a 25% reduction in mating success and subsequent offspring production, compared with controls whose fathers had not experienced heatwave conditions ( Fig. | RELATED Inbred animals struggle to adapt to environmental changes
When females affected by the heatwave were allowed to mate with males unexposed to heat, reproductive success returned to normal, suggesting sperm are harmed by rising temperatures. The damage caused by the heatwave affected the sons of overheated males... | 4c, d , e, f). Sons of males that had been exposed to a single heatwave in the previous generation showed a 25% reduction in mating success and subsequent offspring production, compared with controls whose fathers had not experienced heatwave conditions ( Fig. Critically, these same transgenerational effects were also ... | [2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37679732070&p=1pl&v=1&x=7vVto0DNdsP8w6P0QNVRYQ |
10.1186/s13059-018-1616-9 | Biology_434 | The gut microbiomes from Tanzanian populations tended to have a higher number of microbes in each sample, and individuals tended to share similar microbial profiles. | From this observation, we infer that the gut bacteria are phylogenetically more distinct between groups defined by region (country) than by subsistence practice. | Notably, the Botswanan samples differed from the Tanzanian ones. The gut microbiomes from Tanzanian populations tended to have a higher number of microbes in each sample, and individuals tended to share similar microbial profiles. In Botswana, on the other hand, samples tended to have fewer microbial species overall, a... | Comparing the magnitudes of difference between subsistence groups and geographic groups, we therefore find that the bacterial compositional difference between Tanzania and Botswana (a geographic grouping) is larger than between any of the African subsistence groups (both unweighted and weighted UniFrac F-statistics). F... | [4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38332540468&p=1pl&v=1&x=vRQbsh6_d3tS0IWvnU7XjA |
10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.044 | Biology_435 | Functional MR imaging taken while the animals received either a juice reward or VTA stimulation revealed that both induced activation of brain regions that previous studies in humans and other primates have associated with reward signaling by means of the neurotransmitter dopamine. | The other regions displaying juice and VTA-EM activations were mainly somatosensory and motor and/or premotor regions (areas 1 and 2, area 3a and 3b, frontal area 1 [F], F3, F5a, F5c, rostral inferior parietal lobule [PF] , and secondary somatosensory cortex [SII] ). | Subsequent repetition of the preference test showed that the animal's choice had shifted to the image reinforced by VTA stimulation. Functional MR imaging taken while the animals received either a juice reward or VTA stimulation revealed that both induced activation of brain regions that previous studies in humans and ... | This correspondence confirms that VTA-EM activates most of the structures typically activated by natural reinforcers. The other regions displaying juice and VTA-EM activations were mainly somatosensory and motor and/or premotor regions (areas 1 and 2, area 3a and 3b, frontal area 1 [F], F3, F5a, F5c, rostral inferior p... | [4.0, 4.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/brain-nerves/51419-activation-of-brain-region-can-change-a-monkey-s-choice.html |
10.1111/gcb.13160 | Biology_436 | The new report addresses this need by providing a comprehensive overview of current and projected future drought impacts on forests nationwide, how they vary by region, and which management practices could help partially mitigate problems. | Trees may be susceptible to drought-induced growth declines and mortality in two size/density situations, 1) at high-density conditions approaching the maximum size/density relationship, and 2) at low-density conditions conducive to the development of high levels of leaf area that promote canopy and root architecture t... | Given the high degree of uncertainty in our understanding of how forest species and stands adapt to rapid change, it's going to be difficult to anticipate the type of forests that will be here in 20 to 40 years." The new report addresses this need by providing a comprehensive overview of current and projected future dr... | Fire suppression can lead to a 'mesophication' as forest canopies close and may explain why oak regeneration appears to decline relative to that of red (Acer rubrum) and sugar (Acer saccharum) maples in recent decades . Trees may be susceptible to drought-induced growth declines and mortality in two size/density situat... | [3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.futurity.org/drought-forests-1110442-2/ |
10.1126/science.aat4082 | Biology_438 | The fact that the Western corn rootworm is able to perceive iron complexes and to adjust its dietary behavior accordingly is also relevant for the understanding of food chains. | We identify an iron transporter that allows the corn rootworm to benefit from complexes between iron and benzoxazinoids. | These lines were essential for the identification of the benzoxazinoid that - after binding to iron - forms the compound that the rootworm recognizes and uses as a cue for plant selection. The fact that the Western corn rootworm is able to perceive iron complexes and to adjust its dietary behavior accordingly is also r... | We show that the root-feeding larvae use complexes between iron and benzoxazinoid secondary metabolites to identify maize as a host, to forage within the maize root system, and to increase their growth. We identify an iron transporter that allows the corn rootworm to benefit from complexes between iron and benzoxazinoi... | [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34844174640&p=1pl&v=1&x=pe-ec8i21uz-JMST2-ud4w |
10.1038/nature13379 | Biology_439 | But the overall result was identical: the gene was activated, and appeared to drive tumour formation. | These findings were validated in an independent series of medulloblastomas (n 5 156) by immunohistochemical analysis, confirming mutually exclusive GFI1 and GFI1B expression that contributed to 41% and 10% of group 3 and group 4 cases analysed, respectively (Extended Data Fig. | GFI1B and GFI1 sit on different chromosomes, and interestingly, the DNA rearrangements affecting GFI1 put it next to enhancers sitting on yet other chromosomes. But the overall result was identical: the gene was activated, and appeared to drive tumour formation. When they inserted those modified cells into the brains o... | Collectively, GFI1 and GFI1B expression was observed in 25% and 5% of group 3 and group 4 medulloblastomas, respectively (Extended Data Fig. These findings were validated in an independent series of medulloblastomas (n 5 156) by immunohistochemical analysis, confirming mutually exclusive GFI1 and GFI1B expression that ... | [4.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 2.25 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/52286-cancer-by-remote-control.html |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034 | Biology_44 | "This very promising study suggests that CDK12 loss may be a biomarker for identifying prostate cancer patients who may respond to checkpoint immunotherapy," says Howard Soule, Ph.D., executive vice president and chief science officer of the Prostate Cancer Foundation. | CDK12 mutant cases also lack mutational signatures of HRD ( Figure 3C ) and maintain the expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 ( Figure S4J ). | More study is needed to understand this. "This very promising study suggests that CDK12 loss may be a biomarker for identifying prostate cancer patients who may respond to checkpoint immunotherapy," says Howard Soule, Ph.D., executive vice president and chief science officer of the Prostate Cancer Foundation. "The Pros... | However, our data, and the observations made previously in CDK12 mutant ovarian tumors , are inconsistent with that model. CDK12 mutant cases also lack mutational signatures of HRD ( Figure 3C ) and maintain the expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 ( Figure S4J ). Overall, the genomic phenotypes of HR and CDK12 deficie... | [2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304617241&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkbWFHiGsGoeqOJxN0A0-A |
10.1038/s41598-019-39601-8 | Biology_440 | The researchers found that the sex ratio of the wild bees became more male biased as urbanization increased, mainly driven by a decline in medium- and large-bodied ground-nesting female bees. | Analyses show no qualitative differences with bumble bees removed: OSR still becomes less female-biased as urbanization increases (Table S3 ). | advertisement
Seventy-four percent of the captured bees belonged to species that nest underground (ground-nesting), and the rest belonged to species that nest above ground in cavities or hollow tree stems. The researchers found that the sex ratio of the wild bees became more male biased as urbanization increased, main... | made up a large portion of our sample set; most bumble bee species are eusocial, and as such may experience controls on OSR that differ substantially from other bees (see Introduction). Analyses show no qualitative differences with bumble bees removed: OSR still becomes less female-biased as urbanization increases (Tab... | [2.0, 2.0, 4.0, 5.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38704408876&p=1pl&v=1&x=SqcIooOUdWTnFLEX-JoPvw |
10.1073/pnas.1619294114 | Biology_441 | Furthermore, examination of aged mice showed dramatically reduced levels of Cbf-beta in bone marrow cells, as compared to younger mice. | Wnt/ β-catenin directs mesenchymal cell commitment to the osteogenic lineage and prevents adipogenic differentiation, resulting in increased new bone formation . | The UAB researchers found that a protein called Cbf-beta plays a critical role in maintaining the bone-producing cells. Furthermore, examination of aged mice showed dramatically reduced levels of Cbf-beta in bone marrow cells, as compared to younger mice. Thus, they propose, maintaining Cbf-beta may be essential to pre... | Runx/Cbfβ Complex Promotes Wnt10b/β-Catenin Signaling and Inhibits c/ebpa Expression to Inhibit Lineage Switch into Adipocytes. Wnt/ β-catenin directs mesenchymal cell commitment to the osteogenic lineage and prevents adipogenic differentiation, resulting in increased new bone formation . Interestingly, Wnt10b is downr... | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 2.75 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/researchers-describe-mechanism-that-underlies-age-associated-bone-loss/ |
10.1038/s41467-019-09786-7 | Biology_442 | Taken together, molecular changes at this site may explain why psychosis brought on by dopamine frequently is accompanied by a disruption of brain synapses, a devastating double-hit that promotes symptoms. | In the striatum, inactivation of the Igf2 enhancer led to a decrease in TH protein levels and in dopamine (p < 0.05; one-way ANOVA; Fig. | Their analyses revealed a cluster of epigenetic marks, which switch genes on and off, in an enhancer at a gene called IGF2, a critical regulator of synaptic development. Taken together, molecular changes at this site may explain why psychosis brought on by dopamine frequently is accompanied by a disruption of brain syn... | 7c ), supporting dysregulation of the TH-IGF2 locus in major psychosis. In the striatum, inactivation of the Igf2 enhancer led to a decrease in TH protein levels and in dopamine (p < 0.05; one-way ANOVA; Fig. 3d , e); this effect was not observed in the frontal cortex ( Supplementary Fig. | [2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.333333 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39137370713&p=1pl&v=1&x=PNwbzWt6UWX8sdaXCuLTAA |
10.1093/humupd/dmi047 | Biology_443 | Gaining knowledge on why some sperm fail while others succeed could provide better insight for researchers to find solutions in treating male infertility. | Finally, diagnosis of the causes of infertility could be greatly improved if more were known of the means by which sperm travel through the female reproductive tract and the mechanisms that regulate the movement of sperm. | Accordingly, this coordinated rhythm of its head and tail will determine if it will be successful or not. Gaining knowledge on why some sperm fail while others succeed could provide better insight for researchers to find solutions in treating male infertility. The next step would be applying the model with the movement... | This staggering difference almost certainly reflects our inability to adequately mimic in vitro the environment and sperm selection mechanisms of the female reproductive tract during natural unassisted conception. Again, clearly if we knew more of the basic biology that underpins these events in vivo then there is the ... | [4.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 4.2 | news | http://www.universityherald.com/articles/70430/20170323/how-sperm-swims-revealed-in-simple-maths.htm |
10.1016/j.cub.2011.10.032 | Biology_444 | "But it's consistent with the dominant view that synesthesia is due to cross-connectivity between different brain areas. | functional role in synesthetic experience, plausibly because of maturation and cortical specialization of the visual system . | "The idea that synesthesia results from region-specific hyperexcitability is novel," Terhune says. "But it's consistent with the dominant view that synesthesia is due to cross-connectivity between different brain areas. One possibility is that these highly excitable neurons might help produce the extra connections." | However, at later developmental stages, visual cortical hyperexcitability appears no longer to exercise a direct Table S3 . functional role in synesthetic experience, plausibly because of maturation and cortical specialization of the visual system . Rather, our results indicate that hyperexcitability assumes a differen... | [3.0, 3.0, 2.0, 5.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/2011/11/overactive-neurons-may-tangle-senses |
10.1038/s41467-019-08549-8 | Biology_445 | "It suggests that our education systems should focus on cultivating both general and social intelligence to better equip groups to deal with complex, social-ecological challenges," said co-author Dr. Jacob Freeman, an assistant professor of anthropology at Utah State University. | This does not occur where both g and ToM are high, perhaps signaling the emergence of a more well developed group intelligence. | "Such people skills are important for managing shared resources." The work points to a need for education in diverse types of intelligence. "It suggests that our education systems should focus on cultivating both general and social intelligence to better equip groups to deal with complex, social-ecological challenges,"... | Groups with high g and low ToM harvest faster and push the resource system closer to its breaking point following a change in resource growth rate. This does not occur where both g and ToM are high, perhaps signaling the emergence of a more well developed group intelligence. Our results are consistent with the idea tha... | [2.0, 5.0, 1.0, 4.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38729478812&p=1pl&v=1&x=lewAZ9n3HFFbG3Md2srHiw |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.015 | Biology_447 | The old mice now had young hearts, while the young mice's hearts stayed strong. | The striking effect of a young circulation on old hearts was immediately apparent on visual inspection. | After 4 weeks of connection to young mice, the five old mice's heart tissue had thinned and softened, looking just as spry and supple as the 2-month-olds'. The old mice now had young hearts, while the young mice's hearts stayed strong. But the team spent years trying to figure out why; it was often the topic of Lee and... | This strategy allowed us to monitor blood chimerism in the pairs; however, because old CD45.1+ mice are not commercially available, we used only CD45.2+ mice to generate isochronic old pairs. The striking effect of a young circulation on old hearts was immediately apparent on visual inspection. Hearts from old mice exp... | [3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.2 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/2013/05/nineteenth-century-technique-turns-old-mouse-hearts-young |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.032 | Biology_448 | "While bacteria make this iron-scavenging compound for their own use, our research suggests that mammals--including humans--have learned over time to hijack it for their own benefit," said Han. | Given the symbiotic relationship between commensal E. coli and the host, one may speculate that an unknown beneficial mechanism has evolved in animals to use bacterial Ent for host iron homeostasis. | The new study challenges that paradigm, suggesting that enterobactin also binds to a protein called ATP synthase inside the host's mitochondria, drawing iron into the host's cells too. "While bacteria make this iron-scavenging compound for their own use, our research suggests that mammals--including humans--have learne... | More importantly, this mechanism does not explain how host animals would cope with abundant Ent from non-infectious gut microbiota, of which enterobacteria are the most prevalent commensal microbes in both human and C. elegans . Given the symbiotic relationship between commensal E. coli and the host, one may speculate ... | [5.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34896225587&p=1pl&v=1&x=PrRhbvMQXEClnkBdafQXuw |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.015 | Biology_449 | This latest research uncovers Beclin 1 as one important way in which EGFR may derail the body's cancer-fighting autophagy machinery to increase tumor growth. | However, when cells were treated with EGF and EGFR was phosphorylated, EGFR coimmunoprecipitated with Beclin 1. | "Our findings suggest that inactivation of autophagy may be a critically important factor in the progression of lung cancer." This latest research uncovers Beclin 1 as one important way in which EGFR may derail the body's cancer-fighting autophagy machinery to increase tumor growth. A second finding in the new study re... | During growth in normal or serum-free media when no EGFR phosphorylation was observed, EGFR did not coimmunoprecipitate with Beclin 1 (Figure 1D ). However, when cells were treated with EGF and EGFR was phosphorylated, EGFR coimmunoprecipitated with Beclin 1. Thus, active phosphorylated EGFR interacts with a key compon... | [2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130918130504.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_45 | PhysOrg notes that body-clock "disturbances" have also been tied to mental disorders like schizophrenia, so the findings could have even broader implications. | As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects on light on the clock, this pathway presents a tractable target. | What we saw was the mice would actually advance their clock six hours within a day [rather than taking six days for untreated mice]." PhysOrg notes that body-clock "disturbances" have also been tied to mental disorders like schizophrenia, so the findings could have even broader implications. (Click for another story re... | In addition, SCRD is a common feature of both neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disease . As SIK1 acts to suppress the effects on light on the clock, this pathway presents a tractable target. (B) Phase-shifting responses to light are significantly larger following knockdown of Sik1 in the SCN (siSik1) when compare... | [3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.666667 | news | http://www.newser.com/story/173430/scientists-uncover-clue-to-jet-lag.html |
10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.013 | Biology_450 | At first, the birds didn't flee from the unfamiliar sounds. | Our work demonstrates that wild birds can learn socially to recognize previously unfamiliar sounds as alarm calls. | "The current experiment shows that they can," and through the novel process of making associations between different sounds. At first, the birds didn't flee from the unfamiliar sounds. But after training, they often did flee to cover upon hearing the sounds. | Complementary studies of social learning in captivity would be useful in examining in detail the context in which different associations are formed. Our work demonstrates that wild birds can learn socially to recognize previously unfamiliar sounds as alarm calls. In our current experiment, learning could not be asocial... | [5.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.75 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34706093653&p=1pl&v=1&x=yyRxno6iXBGL0a0HV6BjiQ |
10.1038/s41467-018-06236-8 | Biology_451 | While the study shows that epigenetic information transmitted by sperm is important for normal development, it does not directly address how the life experience of a father can affect the health of his descendants. | The finding that abnormal retention of an epigenetic memory of spermatogenesis compromises germline health 36 suggests that sperm epigenetic marking must be reset each generation. | "These findings show that the DNA packaging in sperm is important, because offspring that did not inherit normal sperm epigenetic marks were sterile, and it is sufficient for normal germline development," Strome said. While the study shows that epigenetic information transmitted by sperm is important for normal develop... | We speculate that multivalent marking in C. elegans sperm serves a different function than in zebrafish and mammalian sperm, namely to enable an epigenetic memory of spermatogenesis to be reset. The finding that abnormal retention of an epigenetic memory of spermatogenesis compromises germline health 36 suggests that s... | [3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37417051518&p=1pl&v=1&x=V6M54pbaYN-eW-ET3SYp-A |
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00620.x | Biology_452 | It's the weather of the seasons on either side of winter that seem to have the biggest impact on long-tailed tit survival. | Using our model to estimate historical survival rates indicates that recent spring warming has led to an upward trend in survival rates, which has probably contributed to the observed long-term increase in the UK long-tailed tit population. | The predictably cold winter months, however do not seem to play a role in the bird's death rate. It's the weather of the seasons on either side of winter that seem to have the biggest impact on long-tailed tit survival. "However, it seems that in most years autumn weather plays a bigger role, perhaps acting as a filter... | There is little evidence for density dependence across the observed variation in population size. Using our model to estimate historical survival rates indicates that recent spring warming has led to an upward trend in survival rates, which has probably contributed to the observed long-term increase in the UK long-tail... | [4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.5 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/6427/20140324/long-tailed-tit-may-benefit-from-climate-change.htm |
10.1126/scitranslmed.3010760 | Biology_453 | "This new technique provides a window into the fate of these T cells and has potential as an individualized biomarker for predicting and identifying rejection and tolerance in different types of transplant patients," said study leader Megan Sykes, MD, the Michael J. Friedlander Professor of Medicine, professor of micro... | The notion that some, but not all, deletion of donor-reactive clones in tolerant subjects may have reflected repertoire turnover was supported by analysis of third party-reactive T cells identified before transplant ( fig. | "This new technique provides a window into the fate of these T cells and has potential as an individualized biomarker for predicting and identifying rejection and tolerance in different types of transplant patients," said study leader Megan Sykes, MD, the Michael J. Friedlander Professor of Medicine, professor of micro... | A significant and sustained reduction in the detection of donor-reactive compared to all CD8 + clones was observed in subjects 2 and 4, suggesting antigen-driven loss of donor-reactive CD8 clones (Fig. The notion that some, but not all, deletion of donor-reactive clones in tolerant subjects may have reflected repertoir... | [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://www.technology.org/2015/03/16/kidney-transplant-tolerance-mechanism-identified/ |
10.1016/j.celrep.2014.05.030 | Biology_454 | It is the first direct molecular link found between the two health conditions and will open up new areas of research to identify drugs and explore lifestyle changes, such as dietary habits and exercises that could restore the level of NUCKS in the body. | Together, these results, especially the finding that nutrient overload exacerbates the metabolic phenotypes in the absence of NUCKS, suggest that NUCKS plays a role in metabolic homeostasis in vivo. | The NUCKS protein is an important clue for controlling diabetes development in obese individuals. It is the first direct molecular link found between the two health conditions and will open up new areas of research to identify drugs and explore lifestyle changes, such as dietary habits and exercises that could restore ... | Consistent with the obese phenotype, leptin levels were elevated while those of adiponectin were decreased in HFD-fed NUCKS KO mice ( Figure S3G and S3H) . Together, these results, especially the finding that nutrient overload exacerbates the metabolic phenotypes in the absence of NUCKS, suggest that NUCKS plays a role... | [4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.25 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140630094850.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.ccell.2015.05.009 | Biology_456 | But when the researchers treated the resistant cells with the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib, they were able to increase the paclitaxel sensitivity of the cells. | We found that SYK inhibitors stabilized microtubules through dephosphorylation of microtubule and microtubule-associated proteins, a mechanism that is distinct from paclitaxel. | The scientists then analyzed 25 different ovarian cancer cell lines in the laboratory and discovered that the higher the amount of active SYK in the cell lines, the more resistant those cells were to paclitaxel treatment. But when the researchers treated the resistant cells with the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib, they wer... | Importantly, inhibition of SYK sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment via enhancing microtubule stability. We found that SYK inhibitors stabilized microtubules through dephosphorylation of microtubule and microtubule-associated proteins, a mechanism that is distinct from paclitaxel. As a result, SYK in... | [5.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3.25 | news | http://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/fostamatinib-paclitaxel-combination-may-shrink-ovarian-cancers/article/427125/ |
10.1111/ecog.03303 | Biology_457 | The overwhelming loss of prey suggests that it could have been a major key in the extinction of the big cats. | A significant positive correlation was recorded between the number of prey species lost and the number of large-felid species lost from a cell. | The overwhelming loss of prey suggests that it could have been a major key in the extinction of the big cats. If all of the current threatened and declining prey species in the big cat natural ranges suddenly went extinct today, the Africal lion would be left with only 39 percent of their prey species. The Sunda cloude... | In total, 86% of cells recorded at least one additional felid species in our present-natural counterfactual, and up to 4-5 more large-felid species in 10% of the cells. A significant positive correlation was recorded between the number of prey species lost and the number of large-felid species lost from a cell. Our res... | [2.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.75 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/37955/20170511/the-path-to-extinction-african-lions-face-same-threats-that-wiped-out-big-cats-during-the-ice-age.htm |
10.1007/s00239-015-9672-1 | Biology_458 | TrpRS and TyrRS are more closely related to each other than to any other protein, indicating that they evolved from the same ancestor protein. | Importantly, the inferred absence of Trp within the paralog ancestor does not seem to be a consequence of broad selection against including Trp within TrpRS descendant lineages. | "By definition, anything pre-LUCA lies beyond the deepest split in the tree," he said. TrpRS and TyrRS are more closely related to each other than to any other protein, indicating that they evolved from the same ancestor protein. Sometime before LUCA, that parent protein mutated slightly to produce these two new protei... | Four Trp ML sites are acquired on the branch leading to the TyrRS bacterial ancestor, two on the branch leading to the TyrRS crenarchaeal/eukaryal ancestor, two on the branch leading to the TrpRS bacterial ancestor, and one each on branches leading to the TyrRS euryarchaeal ancestor, and TrpRS euryarchaeal, crenarchaea... | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.333333 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-structure-arose-in-the-primordial-soup/ |
10.1002/ajp.22168 | Biology_459 | From a practical standpoint, caretakers of chimpanzees living in zoos or elsewhere can now tailor individualized care based on each animal's personality thereby improving animal welfare." | There was a positive correlation between play behavior and Openness, as has been found previously for the trait "curious" . | "From an academic standpoint, the findings can inform investigations into the evolution of personality. From a practical standpoint, caretakers of chimpanzees living in zoos or elsewhere can now tailor individualized care based on each animal's personality thereby improving animal welfare." The study of chimpanzee pers... | Openness, which includes traits such as intelligent, inquisitive, human oriented, and inventive, had mixed predictive validity. There was a positive correlation between play behavior and Openness, as has been found previously for the trait "curious" . However, with Openness, there was also a positive correlation with s... | [1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130603135521.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.3945/jn.113.188441 | Biology_46 | One man tells the AP, while guzzling ramen: "There's no way any study is going to stop me from eating this." | The positive association between instant noodles and metabolic syndrome seen in younger, more active, and leaner women suggests that the hazards of instant noodles might not be overcome by the beneficial health effects of increased physical activity, weight loss, and young age. | Some South Koreans are a little steamed--and defensive--about the study's findings. One man tells the AP, while guzzling ramen: "There's no way any study is going to stop me from eating this." Love for the instant noodle spans generations--it reminds the elderly of post-Korean War recovery and for the young and busy, i... | In our study, the association between instant noodles and metabolic syndrome differed significantly between genders, and there was no effect modification of this association by age, BMI, or physical activity. The positive association between instant noodles and metabolic syndrome seen in younger, more active, and leane... | [2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 1.5 | news | http://www.newser.com/story/192784/new-heart-disease-culprit-ramen.html |
10.1098/rspb.2013.3122 | Biology_460 | Rather, their physiological differences enabled them to branch out and take advantage of other food resources in ways that brachiopods simply couldn't follow. | This finding holds even when restricting the comparison to bivalves that, like all brachiopods, are suspension feeders (electronic supplementary material, figure S1 ). | "What we see is that more mobile organisms tend to be better in the post-Paleozoic," Payne said. The new findings cast the fate of the two groups in a new light: Bivalves didn't outcompete brachiopods by getting better at obtaining the food sources that the two groups shared. Rather, their physiological differences ena... | Although brachiopods were taxonomically and numerically dominant in Palaeozoic oceans, bivalves already used as much or more energy (figures 1 and 2). This finding holds even when restricting the comparison to bivalves that, like all brachiopods, are suspension feeders (electronic supplementary material, figure S1 ). W... | [2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140326092635.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.7717/peerj.417 | Biology_461 | In the study, which included Yerkes researchers Frans de Waal, PhD, Matt Campbell, PhD, and Tim Eppley, Suchak found the chimpanzees spontaneously cooperated 3,565 times over the course of 94 one-hour sessions. | The chimpanzees succeeded with significantly fewer pulls per success (e.g., higher efficiency) during the proficiency phase (Mixed Measures ANOVA: F 1,7 = 16.83, p = 0.005, Fig. | This finding, which addresses long-standing doubt about the level of cooperation chimpanzees are able to spontaneously achieve or understand, is published in the June 12 issue of PeerJ. In the study, which included Yerkes researchers Frans de Waal, PhD, Matt Campbell, PhD, and Tim Eppley, Suchak found the chimpanzees s... | Similarly, extraneous pulling, i.e., pulls that did not lead to success, dropped significantly from the acquisition to the proficiency phase. The chimpanzees succeeded with significantly fewer pulls per success (e.g., higher efficiency) during the proficiency phase (Mixed Measures ANOVA: F 1,7 = 16.83, p = 0.005, Fig. ... | [4.0, 3.0, 4.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3.2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140612085345.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aah6571 | Biology_462 | The normal half-life of CO in humans after poisoning (the time it takes for half of the CO to be eliminated from the body) is 320 minutes, and even with 100-percent oxygen therapy, that time is 74 minutes. | This suggests that Ngb-H64Q-CCC will be a much more effective treatment for CO poisoning than is oxygen therapy in humans. | When tested in a mouse model of non-lethal CO poisoning, they found that Ngb H64Q was significantly better at removing CO from hemoglobin than 100-percent oxygen treatment. The normal half-life of CO in humans after poisoning (the time it takes for half of the CO to be eliminated from the body) is 320 minutes, and even... | Note that CO elimination in mice under normoxia and 100% oxygen is more than 20 times faster than CO elimination in humans, whereas the removal rates with exposure to Ngb-H64Q-CCC differ only by threefold between mouse and human RBCs (Fig. This suggests that Ngb-H64Q-CCC will be a much more effective treatment for CO p... | [5.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://www.futurity.org/carbon-monoxide-poisoning-1312712/ |
10.1007/s11104-017-3408-5 | Biology_464 | Smaller diameter roots took up more water (per unit surface area) than bigger roots. | Conclusions Our results highlight the need for continued exploration of root-trait specific water uptake rates in situ, and impacts of roots on soil hydraulic properties -both critical components for mechanistic modeling of root function. | A team overcame that problem. Smaller diameter roots took up more water (per unit surface area) than bigger roots. The Impact
Root water uptake can be linked to characteristic root traits, such as diameter or age. | Analysis based on rootfree bulk soil hydraulic properties indicated substantial redistribution of water via saturated/unsaturated flow and capillary wicking across the layers -suggesting water uptake dynamics following an infiltration event may be more complex than approximated by common soil hydraulic or root surface ... | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 2.8 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38670235769&p=1pl&v=1&x=_1QfkgHYs8fSKYS69MF28w |
10.1073/pnas.1515733112 | Biology_466 | Wallace and colleagues showed that in the mice, relatively mild mutations in mitochondrial genes, located in either mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA, produced unique whole-body stress-response signatures, indicated by physiological and gene expression patterns. | We show that mitochondrial dysfunctions altered the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis, sympathetic adrenal-medullary activation and catecholamine levels, the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, circulating metabolites, and hippocampal gene expression responses to stress. | aEURoeThis has profound implications for the hereditary basis of neuropsychiatric diseases and for the role of stress in human health.aEUR
Wallace and colleagues published their study ahead of print on Nov. 16 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Wallace and colleagues showed that in the mice, relativel... | This work shows that mitochondria can regulate complex whole-body physiological responses, impacting stress perception at the cellular and organismal levels. We show that mitochondrial dysfunctions altered the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis, sympathetic adrenal-medullary activation and catecholamine levels, the inf... | [1.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/mitochondria-affect-stress-responses/ |
10.1093/nar/gky1143 | Biology_467 | The researchers have discovered that the DNA gyrase focuses its twist-relaxation activities just in front of the point at which DNA is being replicated in a cell. | Therefore, we suggest that the acute topological problem introduced by replication is primarily dealt with by gyrase enzymes performing processive catalysis to remove (+) supercoils ahead of replication, possibly at a higher rate than 1 supercoil/s, and we speculate that when gyrase fails to remove sufficient (+) super... | The researchers have discovered that the DNA gyrase focuses its twist-relaxation activities just in front of the point at which DNA is being replicated in a cell. We have now shown that several tens of DNA gyrase molecules actively bind to a zone directly in front of the replication machinery and relax the DNA nano-twi... | In contrast, gyrase can remove (+) supercoils processively in vitro , consistent with our observations that its dwell time significantly increases close to the replisome. Therefore, we suggest that the acute topological problem introduced by replication is primarily dealt with by gyrase enzymes performing processive ca... | [3.0, 2.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37814376637&p=1pl&v=1&x=hRkLgt4tsp9_jPmw9ppvPA |
10.1038/s41586-018-0189-9 | Biology_468 | Our trees in Europe are not more tolerant than those in North America - their fungi are just suffering more." | We conclude that environmental and host factors explain most of the variation in ectomycorrhizal diversity, that the environmental thresholds used as major ecosystem assessment tools need adjustment and that the importance of belowground specificity and plasticity has previously been underappreciated. | For example, current European nitrogen limits may need to be cut by half. Our trees in Europe are not more tolerant than those in North America - their fungi are just suffering more." The team found that the characteristics of the tree (species and nutrient status) and the local environmental conditions (atmospheric po... | We quantify host specificity and reveal plasticity in functional traits involved in soil foraging across gradients. We conclude that environmental and host factors explain most of the variation in ectomycorrhizal diversity, that the environmental thresholds used as major ecosystem assessment tools need adjustment and t... | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34239000953&p=1pl&v=1&x=7X_br_IO6XinOptP8AMd6w |
10.1038/s41593-018-0083-7 | Biology_469 | When proliferation of microglia was blocked, the mice failed to regain full muscle function, revealing how important microglia are for cleaning up clumps of misfolded proteins. | l, Representative cryosection of lumbar SC from 1 of 3 rNLS8 mice during peak microgliosis shows that the microglia are negative for CD44, a marker of peripheral myeloid cells. | Conversely, TDP-43 was not fully cleared in mice with no microglia. When proliferation of microglia was blocked, the mice failed to regain full muscle function, revealing how important microglia are for cleaning up clumps of misfolded proteins. "The way reactive microglia protect neurons points us towards new ideas for... | g-k, Depleting peripheral myeloid cells had no effect on microgliosis. l, Representative cryosection of lumbar SC from 1 of 3 rNLS8 mice during peak microgliosis shows that the microglia are negative for CD44, a marker of peripheral myeloid cells. The microglial response pattern was unchanged in chimeric rNLS8 mice, wi... | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.4 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33356797202&p=1pl&v=1&x=vURP2DTkpjl0RbCrbIUpcA |
10.1111/gcb.13276 | Biology_47 | "In our study, we observed a widely variable bleaching and mortality response among corals," Marcelino says. | The bleaching response of all taxa surveyed in a site was averaged to calculate the coral assemblage bleaching response (site-BRI or SBRI k , Eqn 11, average 33.76 AE 1.33 over 316 sites), which has been used to compare across sites and identify particular extrinsic factors affecting bleaching response (e.g., water flo... | Rainforests of the sea
The index provides a valuable new tool to conservationists and park managers committed to preserving coral reefs and scientists interested in learning more about the hundreds of reef-building corals. "In our study, we observed a widely variable bleaching and mortality response among corals," Mar... | Comparing BRI j to the conclusions of for the 181 species found in both datasets, there is a significant positive correlation (logistic regression, r 2 = 0.03, P < 0.02) indicating congruence between BRI j and an independent assessment. The bleaching response of all taxa surveyed in a site was averaged to calculate the... | [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.75 | news | http://www.futurity.org/coral-reefs-climate-change-1138362/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-07396-3 | Biology_470 | This study reveals how that 2D property is also graphene's Achilles' heel, by making it so vulnerable to surface contamination, and underscores how important high purity graphite is for the production of more pure graphene. | This leads to capacitance values much lower than the theoretical capacitance of graphene (550 F/g) 23 , with values of 409 F/g being the highest reported to date 24 . | "This level of inconsistency may have stymied the emergence of major industry applications for graphene-based systems. This study reveals how that 2D property is also graphene's Achilles' heel, by making it so vulnerable to surface contamination, and underscores how important high purity graphite is for the production ... | Moreover, this also indicates the possibility that the as-exfoliated graphene layers can each have different properties, again highlighting the importance of pure 2D materials. This leads to capacitance values much lower than the theoretical capacitance of graphene (550 F/g) 23 , with values of 409 F/g being the highes... | [4.0, 1.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37834220284&p=1pl&v=1&x=7wGw_IKaxrolJNG-m5BcSw |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.057 | Biology_471 | The Type 2 PIP kinases are the backup rescue system to p53. | The expression of either PIP4K2B or PIP4K2C is not significantly different across the subgroups of breast carcinomas with different ploidy status of TP53 (one-way ANOVA, p > 0.05). | If p53 is mutated or gone, then the cell keeps on growing at a very high rate," he says. The Type 2 PIP kinases are the backup rescue system to p53. But they only reduce ROS enough to keep the cells from dying. | TP53 mRNA expression is as expected progressively higher across the different subgroups of breast carcinomas with TP53 ploidy status ranging from n = 0 to n R 3 (one-way ANOVA, p = 4.3 3 10 À6 ), whereas PIP4K2A expression is only significantly higher in the subgroup of breast carcinomas with homozygous deletion of TP5... | [2.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131107132827.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aan1230 | Biology_472 | Tests in separate mouse models of liver injury demonstrated that liver cells started to express a senescence-associated gene signature within just 24 hours of paracetamol-induced liver injury, and this led to hepatocyte growth arrest. | In the mouse, this relationship was reversed upon inhibition of TGFR1, restoring a proportional regenerative response to liver injury, mimicking genetic deletion of p21. | "... worsening acute liver injury in humans results in a proportional expression of senescent markers by hepatocytes, associated with a reduced capacity for liver regeneration," the authors write. Tests in separate mouse models of liver injury demonstrated that liver cells started to express a senescence-associated gen... | Therefore, severe liver injury in the mouse recapitulates the negative correlation between injury and regeneration observed in severe human disease (Fig. In the mouse, this relationship was reversed upon inhibition of TGFR1, restoring a proportional regenerative response to liver injury, mimicking genetic deletion of ... | [3.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 3 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34831954017&p=1pl&v=1&x=Soqa-eg-Jv9bMZT5LNf8zA |
10.1038/ncomms12257 | Biology_473 | "Regardless of the specific mechanism(s) for crater removal, our result requires that large crater obliteration was active well after the late heavy bombardment era, or about 4 billion years ago. | 1a) and high crater depth-to-diameter ratios 17 , argue against relaxation of an ice-rich shell as the primary cause for the lack of large craters. | "It is as though Ceres cures its own large impact scars and regenerates new surfaces, over and over," Dr. Marchi said in a statement. "Regardless of the specific mechanism(s) for crater removal, our result requires that large crater obliteration was active well after the late heavy bombardment era, or about 4 billion y... | However, Ceres' significant topography range ( À 7.3 km, þ 9.5 km) with respect to the 482 Â 482 Â 446 km reference ellipsoid 16 , locally high crater spatial densities (Fig. 1a) and high crater depth-to-diameter ratios 17 , argue against relaxation of an ice-rich shell as the primary cause for the lack of large crater... | [3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.333333 | news | http://www.redorbit.com/news/space/1113415206/craters-on-ceres-072716/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2015.01.040 | Biology_474 | As expected, numerous genes inhibited late stages infection, but one stood out: SERPINE1, the gene that codes for PAI-1. | Experiments probing which stage of the viral life cycle was affected by PAI-1 showed no effects on early stages, replication, or egress ( Figures S3A-S3E ). | After seeing evidence of a new role for PAI-1, the researchers found that human and mouse cells unable to properly produce it appeared more vulnerable to infection by influenza A. As expected, numerous genes inhibited late stages infection, but one stood out: SERPINE1, the gene that codes for PAI-1. Subsequent experime... | In both A549 cells and HAEC, human parainfluenzavirus 3 (HPIV3) was unaffected by either of these treatments, showing that the effect was selective for IAV and not due to cytotoxicity (Figures S2H and S2I) . Experiments probing which stage of the viral life cycle was affected by PAI-1 showed no effects on early stages,... | [4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.75 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150212131651.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1126/scitranslmed.aah5645 | Biology_476 | When used to treat the marrow in zebrafish and mouse models of DBA, the animals made erythroid progenitor cells that in turn made red blood cells, reversing or stabilizing anemia. | Identifying therapeutics for DBA requires circumventing the paucity of primary patient blood stem and progenitor cells. | Because of its especially strong effect, SMER28 was put through additional testing. When used to treat the marrow in zebrafish and mouse models of DBA, the animals made erythroid progenitor cells that in turn made red blood cells, reversing or stabilizing anemia. The same was true in cells from DBA patients transplante... | Identifying therapeutics for DBA requires circumventing the paucity of primary patient blood stem and progenitor cells. Reprogrammed DBA progenitors recapitulate defects in erythroid differentiation, which were rescued by gene complementation. Unbiased chemical screens identified SMER28, a small-molecule inducer of aut... | [4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.75 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/dTVunQwrgGw/ |
10.1016/j.neuron.2015.11.036 | Biology_479 | By examining the brains of these mice, the researchers observed a substantial decrease in inhibitory CA2 neurons, as compared to a control group of normal, healthy mice-a change remarkably similar to that previously observed in postmortem examinations of people with schizophrenia. | In fact, rescue of vasopressin 1b receptor expression specifically in area of CA2 in the hippocampus restored socially motivated attack responses in vasopressin 1b receptor knockout mice . | "Smaller and less well-defined than other parts of the hippocampus, CA2 was like a small island that was depicted on old maps but remained unexplored," explained Vivien Chevaleyre, PhD, group leader in neuroscience at the Universite Paris Descartes and a lead author of the paper. By examining the brains of these mice, ... | While there are multiple ways in which long-range connections can be disrupted, we speculate that the significant changes we see in CA2 PN output may potentially play a role in altering the long-range communication between the hippocampus and numerous other brain regions in the Df(16)A +/À mice. In fact, rescue of vaso... | [1.0, 3.0, 2.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 2.5 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/_hvl4_gYZ0U/ |
10.1210/en.2015-2036 | Biology_48 | The research highlights a direct link between circulating vitamin D levels and the expression of a gene called ID1, known to be associated with tumor growth and breast cancer metastasis. | We validated that Id1 expression was up-regulated in both tumors from vitamin D-deficient mice as well as in the VDR KD cells (Figure 3, A and B) . | The research highlights a direct link between circulating vitamin D levels and the expression of a gene called ID1, known to be associated with tumor growth and breast cancer metastasis. The finding builds upon several previous studies suggesting that low levels of vitamin D not only increase a person's risk of develop... | This 'hit' was of particular interest because of the role of Id1 in BCa progression and most intriguing because calcitriol was found to induce, rather than repress, ID1 expression in a colon carcinoma cell line . We validated that Id1 expression was up-regulated in both tumors from vitamin D-deficient mice as well as i... | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 2.333333 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/vitamin_d_deficiency_contributes_to_spread_of_breast_cancer_in_mice_stanford_study_finds-167109 |
10.1038/ncomms3384 | Biology_480 | "The study suggests that inhibiting FXR in the intestine might be a potential target for anti-obesity drugs," said Gonzalez. | In summary, metagenomics and metabolomics revealed that inhibition of intestinal FXR signalling by tempol treatment was associated with decreased Lactobacillus and its BSH activity. | "Eventually, we hope that this can lead to a new line of therapeutics to treat obesity and diabetes." "The study suggests that inhibiting FXR in the intestine might be a potential target for anti-obesity drugs," said Gonzalez. advertisement
The researchers said that tempol may help treat type 2 diabetes symptoms. | Whether this is a major pathway mediating the effects of tempol and FXR on obesity, warrants further investigation. In summary, metagenomics and metabolomics revealed that inhibition of intestinal FXR signalling by tempol treatment was associated with decreased Lactobacillus and its BSH activity. The accumulation of T-... | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.4 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130924113452.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1016/j.neuron.2013.11.023 | Biology_482 | "We can perhaps use this to benefit our efforts to recover a lost sense," said Lee. | These alterations may increase sound discrimination performance of neurons . | "There is some level of interconnectedness of the senses in the brain that we are revealing here," Kanold said. "We can perhaps use this to benefit our efforts to recover a lost sense," said Lee. "By temporarily preventing vision, we may be able to engage the adult brain to change the circuit to better process sound." | Our results show increased responsiveness and frequency selectivity of A1 neurons due to changes at TC synapses. These alterations may increase sound discrimination performance of neurons . In addition to increased responsiveness, changes in the temporal pattern and reliability of responses may also improve encoding of... | [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 1.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 1.6 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/ear-nose-throat/47357-a-short-stay-in-darkness-may-heal-hearing-woes.html |
10.1038/nature12172 | Biology_485 | In addition, this work demonstrates the power of single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal cellular diversity without using a genetic perturbation. | Moreover, splicing patterns demonstrate previously unobserved levels of heterogeneity between cells. | "This work was the realization of something that people had hoped to do for a very long time," said Shalek. In addition, this work demonstrates the power of single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal cellular diversity without using a genetic perturbation. The biological insights from this effort, enabled by the diverse expe... | In particular, hundreds of key immune genes are bimodally expressed across cells, surprisingly even for genes that are very highly expressed at the population average. Moreover, splicing patterns demonstrate previously unobserved levels of heterogeneity between cells. Some of the observed bimodality can be attributed t... | [4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 4.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 4 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/medical-breakthroughs/38932-surveying-cells-one-at-a-time.html |
10.1038/s41598-018-28950-5 | Biology_486 | The researchers said the next step in the research is to evaluate the same chemicals in a more complex in vitrosystem that incorporates additional supporting cell types, adding that the study could also be used to optimize three-dimensional brain-on-a-chip devices that Lab researchers are currently developing. | Furthermore, neuronal cultures, in contrast to brain slices cultured on MEAs, are more readily adapted to human-relevant systems by utilizing either human primary or stem-cell derived neurons. | Researchers said the differences in neural activity demonstrated between the in vivoneural recordings and in vitrochip-based devices could be explained by the lack of supporting brain cell types cultured on the chip, varied metabolism, cell ratios, differences in GABA levels in the brain, and effects involving parts of... | Fully validated systems hold promise for evaluating new drugs, characterizing toxicants, and aiding in the elucidation of disease mechanisms. Furthermore, neuronal cultures, in contrast to brain slices cultured on MEAs, are more readily adapted to human-relevant systems by utilizing either human primary or stem-cell de... | [2.0, 3.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0] | Biology | train | 2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34562613600&p=1pl&v=1&x=ysG9ceP84op0bQq4fgh9KQ |
10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.03.046 | Biology_487 | However, when biological age is considered with adjustment for chronological age, overall richness decreases, while certain bacterial taxa associated with unhealthy aging thrive. | Moreover, data also suggest that most of the biological age predictors we have discussed have little or no interaction with each other. | With advancing chronological age, the gut microbiota becomes more diverse. However, when biological age is considered with adjustment for chronological age, overall richness decreases, while certain bacterial taxa associated with unhealthy aging thrive. Thus, as biological age increases, the homeostatic relationship be... | Additional longitudinal data are necessary to further confirm the causal nature. Moreover, data also suggest that most of the biological age predictors we have discussed have little or no interaction with each other. Thus, effects are independent of each other and may therefore be describing different parts of the agin... | [3.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.2 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34648061343&p=1pl&v=1&x=HHTggJy9BxPjx7_HH42vyA |
10.1098/rspb.2013.1680 | Biology_489 | The team was able to show that an active ingredient in the peppers stimulates specific RA1 fibres in the lips and tongue. | Furthermore, participants anecdotally described a qualitative difference between the tingling induced by the Szhechuan pepper and the other control conditions. | The study, which is published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, helps shed light on the complex interactions between the senses of taste and touch, and could lead to a greater understanding of the causes of the tingling sensations experienced by many chronic pain patients. The team was able to show tha... | By contrast, for the Szechuan pepper condition, 12 out of 12 participants agreed to the description 'tingle', regardless of the condition order. Furthermore, participants anecdotally described a qualitative difference between the tingling induced by the Szhechuan pepper and the other control conditions. Therefore, only... | [4.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 3.2 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130910205326.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1038/nn.3728 | Biology_490 | "FTY720/fingolimod may be a useful adjuvant therapy to help stop aversive memories such as in post-traumatic stress disorder and other anxiety disorders," Spiegel said. | Altogether, these data indicate that FTY720 protected the SCID mice from deficits in expression of extinction in the contextual fear model. | "It will be important in the future to determine whether this prodrug can reduce loss of cognitive functions and can erase adverse memories," she said. "FTY720/fingolimod may be a useful adjuvant therapy to help stop aversive memories such as in post-traumatic stress disorder and other anxiety disorders," Spiegel said.... | 7d-f) , nor tonedependent fear conditioning that is hippocampus independent, nor did it affect extinction of response to the tone conditioned stimulus (Supplementary Fig. Altogether, these data indicate that FTY720 protected the SCID mice from deficits in expression of extinction in the contextual fear model. This aspe... | [1.0, 4.0, 3.0] | Biology | train | 2.666667 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/brain-nerves/51296-basic-research-shows-that-drug-used-to-treat-multiple-sclerosis-may-have-beneficial-effects-on-memory.html |
10.1038/ni.2758 | Biology_491 | Their data showed that HCV could induce liver cells to target the activities of the IFNL3 gene with two microRNAs. | The IFNL3-T 3′ UTR conferred 30-40% lower luciferase activity than did the IFNL3-G 3′ UTR (Fig. | Individuals who carry the T (for thymidine) variant have an unfavorable outcome in fighting HCV, while those who carry the G (for guanosine) variant have a favorable outcome. Their data showed that HCV could induce liver cells to target the activities of the IFNL3 gene with two microRNAs. These two particular microRNAs... | 1a and Supplementary Fig. The IFNL3-T 3′ UTR conferred 30-40% lower luciferase activity than did the IFNL3-G 3′ UTR (Fig. Analysis of the firefly luciferase-encoding mRNA that remained in HepG2 cells after treatment with actinomycin D revealed that mRNA bearing the IFNL3-T 3′ UTR decayed twice as fast as that bearing t... | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/02/140210095412.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.015 | Biology_492 | "It means they can learn associations about who is more defensive and who isn't, and if we can prevent that, they'll never learn and can be swatted away way more effectively." | This choice is not random; most mosquitoes specialize in one or a few vertebrate host species, and some individuals in a host population are preferred over others. | Without the help of dopamine, the neurons fired less frequently with the scents, which suggests that the bugs would be less able to learn to avoid odors associated with swats. "It means they can learn associations about who is more defensive and who isn't, and if we can prevent that, they'll never learn and can be swat... | This choice is not random; most mosquitoes specialize in one or a few vertebrate host species, and some individuals in a host population are preferred over others. Here, we show that olfactory learning may contribute to Aedes aegypti mosquito biting preferences and host shifts. Using pharmacological interventions, RNAi... | [3.0, 2.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33205869755&p=1pl&v=1&x=n3n5bgAKOEb6WUEzUYrPtQ |
10.1016/j.neuron.2013.09.021 | Biology_493 | "So what we think is happening is knocking down FoxP2 makes the male incapable of reducing song variability in the presence of a female," Murugan said. | Therefore, reducing FoxP2 levels in Area X abolishes context-dependent changes in both LMAN singing-related activity and song variability. | The birds with suppressed FoxP2 genes also had insensitivities to dopamine, which normally should produce reward-seeking behaviors, but in the mutant subjects had no effect. "So what we think is happening is knocking down FoxP2 makes the male incapable of reducing song variability in the presence of a female," Murugan ... | Finally, both the mean firing rates and levels of bursting activity of LMAN neurons recorded in the directed state were significantly higher in the LV-ShFoxP2 birds (Figures 6D and 6E ; p = 0.006 and p = 0.013, respectively). Therefore, reducing FoxP2 levels in Area X abolishes context-dependent changes in both LMAN si... | [5.0, 5.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0] | Biology | train | 4.4 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/genetic-foxp2-defect-may-cause-speech-disorders-independent-learning-disabilities-263436 |
10.1126/sciadv.1501344 | Biology_494 | "We found that this specific extreme ridge pattern associated with the ongoing California drought has increased in recent decades," Swain says. | Such large heterogeneity in the atmospheric circulation patterns that lead to extremely low seasonal-scale precipitation strongly reinforces the importance of separately considering each pattern when assessing long-term trends, particularly for the case of drought. | The new study provides a more direct answer. "We found that this specific extreme ridge pattern associated with the ongoing California drought has increased in recent decades," Swain says. "We're seeing an increase in certain atmospheric patterns that have historically resulted in extremely dry conditions, and yet that... | These considerations become especially relevant when attempting to infer the likelihood of changes in meteorological extremes from changes in the mean state. Such large heterogeneity in the atmospheric circulation patterns that lead to extremely low seasonal-scale precipitation strongly reinforces the importance of sep... | [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 2.2 | news | http://www.futurity.org/california-drought-1131262-2/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2014.12.038 | Biology_495 | The researchers then identified more than 5,000 genes spanning dozens of species that had significant copy number variations across microbiomes. | Notably though, we did not detect significantly more variation in clusters for which more reference genomes were available. | Using a novel computational and statistical analysis, Borenstein and his team were able to accurately map each sequence to its species of origin and to estimate the copy number of tens of thousands of genes in scores of gut-dwelling species in the gut microbiomes of more than a hundred individuals. The researchers then... | First, our analysis is limited to the detection of variation in gut species for which at least one fully sequenced genome is available, and future studies may benefit from additional genomes. Notably though, we did not detect significantly more variation in clusters for which more reference genomes were available. In a... | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0] | Biology | train | 1.666667 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150129125505.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
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