answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀ | question stringlengths 1 25.7k |
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with the first launch of a new-generation of satellites | How did the BeiDou system begin transitioning to global coverage? |
July 25, 2015 | When were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched? |
the Xichang Satellite Launch Center | Where were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched from? |
Long March 3B/Expedition-1 carrier rocket | What were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched with? |
an independent upper stage capable of delivering one or more spacecraft into different orbits | What is the Expedition-1? |
navigation services | What will the three latest satellites provide after testing? |
testing of a new system of navigation signaling and inter-satellite links | What kind of testing will be performed on the three latest satellites? |
three | How many satellites will be used to test a new system of navigation signaling? |
Canon law | What is the name for the rules issued by the heads of the Church? |
Christian | In what type of religion are canon laws applicable? |
Latin Church and Eastern Catholic Churches | Which institutions make up the Catholic Church? |
church council | What body was first responsible for creating canon? |
canons | What does canon law consist of? |
kanon | What is the Greek term for canon? |
kaneh | What is the Hebrew term for canon? |
Qanun | What is the Arabic term meaning canon? |
reed | What is the common definition of the word canon as it appears in Greek, Arabic and Hebrew? |
cane | Which English term is derived from the same root as the Greek, Arabic and Hebrew words for canon? |
eighty-five | How many ancient canons exist in the Eastern Church? |
fifty | How many ancient canons exist in the Western Church? |
Ecclesiastical Canons | What is another term for Apostolic Canons? |
325 | When was the First Council of Nicaea held? |
a rule | What is the Greek definition of κανὠν? |
the Church's hierarchical authorities | Who enforces canon law in Catholicism? |
canon law | What is the name for the collection of formal rules in Catholicism? |
external organization and government | What does management of canon law aim to regulate? |
order and direct the activities of Catholics toward the mission of the Church | What is canon law's purpose with respect to members of the Catholic Church? |
rites | What is another name for the collections of other Catholic churches led by the Supreme Pontiff? |
five | How many major rites exist? |
the Supreme Pontiff | Who is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church? |
full union | What term characterizes the intersection of the rites with the Roman Catholic Church? |
Roman Catholic | Which denomination is led by the Supreme Pontiff? |
immutable divine and natural law | What are the permanent sources of positive ecclesiastical law? |
changeable circumstantial and merely positive law | What are the impermanent sources of positive ecclesiastical law? |
formal authority and promulgation | What is given to the universal positive law of the Roman Catholic Church by its leader? |
Supreme Pontiff | What is the pope's official title? |
legislative, executive, and judicial | What three divisions of power often found in government does the pope hold? |
The Catholic Church | What entity believes itself to have the longest standing internal mechanism of laws in Western Europe? |
Roman law | What is a legal system older than Catholic law? |
canons | What is the term for laws produced at the Council of Jerusalem? |
first century | When was the Council of Jerusalem held? |
Roman, Visigothic, Saxon, and Celtic | Apart from the Old and New Testaments, which other cultures influenced canon? |
the jus novum | Which period followed the jus antiquum? |
the Code of Canon Law | What is the most recent era of Latin canon law? |
the jus vetus | What is the name for the time preceding the Code of Canon Law? |
different disciplines and practices | In what ways did the Eastern Catholic Churches's legal systems vary from those of the west? |
process of codification | What led to the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches? |
1990 | When was the law of the Eastern Catholic Churches promoted? |
Pope John Paul II | Who sponsored the promulgation of Eastern Catholic Church laws? |
the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches | What was the name of the formal version of laws ruling the Eastern Catholic Churches? |
lawyers, judges | What profesional roles from secular law does the Catholic Church also employ? |
civilly-binding force | What is not present in the Catholic legal system as compared with non-religious law? |
Juris Canonici Baccalaureatus | What does J.C.B. stand for? |
Bachelor of Canon Law | What is the English equivalent of the term abbreviated by J.C.B.? |
Juris Canonici Licentiatus | What is the Latin term for Licentiate of Canon Law? |
Roman Law Code of Justinian | What ancient law served as the precursor to the type of legislation seen in the Roman Catholics? |
adversarial | What word characterizes the type of procedure found in American and British courts? |
inquisitorial | What term characterizes the type of procedure used in Roman Church courts? |
to enquire | What is the English meaning of inquirere? |
Europe | What continent's laws developed alongside those of the Church? |
modern civil law and common law | In which types of law can elements of canon law be seen? |
Edson Luiz Sampel | Who stated that Church law can be seen in the growth of civil law institutions? |
Europe and Latin American | What two regions does Sampel cite as examples of the influence of canon law? |
contemporary society | What does Sampel claim had a great impact on? |
Aristotelian-Thomistic | What school of thought serves as a model for canon theory? |
Aquinas | Which philosopher is quoted by the Catechism? |
law | What word is not specifically given meaning in the Code of the Church? |
the common good | What does Aquinas define as the aim toward which law is working? |
a rule of conduct | What term expresses the idea of law derived from Aquinas as interpreted by the Catechism? |
the Latin or Western Church | Prior to 1917, what church was in a similar situation as the Eastern Catholic Churches as regards its legal system? |
more diversity in legislation | What was different about the Eastern Churches compared with the Western? |
custom | What was still a main factor in the Eastern Church laws? |
1929 | When did Pius XI announce his goal of codifying the law of all Eastern Churches? |
1949 through 1958 | During what time period were the Codes for Eastern Churches made available, prior to the final version? |
1917 | When was the original Code of Canon Law published? |
the Roman Rite | For which part of the Roman Catholic Church was the first Code published? |
1962 - 1965 | During what years was the Second Vatican Council held? |
the Roman Rite | For whom was a new edition of canon law released in 1983? |
1990 | When was the first Code produced for Eastern Churches? |
Greek | What language is used by members of the Orthodox denomination? |
canons and commentaries upon them | What are the constituents of the Pēdálion? |
Rudder | What does Pēdálion mean in English? |
bishops | Which Orthodox leaders are free to adapt canon as required? |
the Ecumenical Councils | Which groups do Orthodox scholars point to when defending their way of interpreting canon? |
the Church of England | In what institution do church courts still have relevant functions in secular society? |
12th | In what century did Saxons and Normans separate? |
common law | What type of law is not found in ecclesiastical systems in the modern day? |
Oxford and Cambridge | At which universities were canon law degrees abolished? |
Henry VIII | Who was responsible for banning canon law education from Oxford and Cambridge? |
the Anglican Communion | What is a term for the Church of England and churches that align with it? |
the Episcopal Church | What is an example of a member of the Anglican Communion in America? |
the Anglican Church of Canada | What is an example of a member of the Anglican Communion in Canada? |
their own private systems of canon law | What do extant churches of the Anglican Communion still operate with? |
principles of canon law | As of 2004, what do all Anglican Communion Churches share? |
factually | What term characterizes the way in which the existence of canon principles can be shown? |
its own legal system | Through what does each member of the Anglican Communion make a contribution to Church law? |
living | What kind of force could the canonical principles be said to have within the Communion? |
unity | What does having common principles show and support for churches int he Communion? |
"practice and procedure" or "church order" | What are two other possible terms for canon law among some denominations? |
Presbyterian and Reformed churches | In what types of institutions are canon rules called "practice and procedure"? |
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