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Winston Churchill
What leader said daylight saving gives people more "opportunities for the pursuit of health and happiness"?
Daylight Slaving Time
What nickname have people in opposition to DST given it?
agricultural
In addition to the evening entertainment industry, people from what industry often oppose daylight saving?
sports
Traditionally, retailing, tourism, and what other industry have been in favor of DST?
war
Along with energy crisis, what other significant historical event led to countries adopting DST?
Edward VII
Which political supporter of Willett's proposal had already used the half-hour version of DST at Sandringham?
Napier Shaw
What was the name of the director of the Meteorological Office who opposed DST?
1909
What year did Parliament first take a vote and decide against implementing daylight savings?
Andrew Peters
Who was responsible for bringing a bill proposing DST to the U.S. House of Representatives?
Robert Garland
What industrialist from Pittsburgh campaigned strongly in favor of DST?
1917
What year did the U.S. go to war, leading to wider acceptance of daylight savings?
1918
What year did the United States finally adopt Daylight Saving Time?
Britain
Which country continued to observe DST nationwide despite the fact that the war had ended?
Easter
What spring holiday did Britain adjust its DST schedule around?
1919
After what year was daylight savings repealed in the U.S.?
golf
What sport did President Wilson enjoy that made him not want to give up DST?
New York
What U.S. city kept observing DST to stay in sync with London, leading Chicago and Cleveland to follow along?
May 1965
What month and year were two neighboring cities in Minnesota on different time schedules?
Idaho
What state supported DST because it wanted to sell more potatoes?
7-Eleven
What company joined Clorox in funding the Daylight Saving Time Coalition in the 1980s?
1987
What year was the extension to U.S. daylight savings proposed by the DST Coalition?
1966
What year did the U.S. see standardization of DST outside of wartime for the first time?
54.5%
What percentage of Queensland voted against the daylight saving referendum in 1992?
Daylight Saving for South East Queensland
What was the name of Queensland's political party set up solely to support their particular DST arrangement?
rural
In Australia, were rural or urban areas generally more strongly opposed to DST?
Peter Wellington
What member of Queensland Parliament was responsible for finally bringing the DST for South East Queensland referendum to a vote?
the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents
What was the name of the organization that supported adding an additional hour to their clocks all year?
postal workers
Joining farmers, what other kind of workers opposed SDST?
northern regions
What regions of the United Kingdom were generally against SDST?
Ramadan
What do Muslims call the month when they fast between sunup and sundown?
the evening dinner
What would DST delay if observed during the Muslim holy month?
Iran
What Muslim country continues to observe DST during Ramadan?
July and August
When was Ramadan in 2012?
2011
What year did Russia decide to never turn its clocks back?
Belarus
What country other than Russia declared they'd stay in DST all year?
Russia
Was Russia or Belarus first in their declaration?
winter
Which season's dark mornings led to people complaining about the switch from DST?
2014
What year did Russia give up on the all-year DST and go back to Standard Time?
urban workers
Which group is more likely to support DST: urban workers or rural farmers?
summer
If people have more daylight in the evenings, what season might see a rise in outdoor activity?
saves energy
Would those in favor of DST argue that it causes people to use more electricity or saves energy?
heart attack
What major health risk do people who oppose DST say it increases?
Farmers
What profession is more likely to want to repeal DST: farmers or shopkeepers?
inconclusive
What adjective would those against DST use to describe the energy savings touted by supporters?
morning
What time of day do opponents of daylight savings believe is disrupted the most by the time shift?
get up earlier
Most people agree that a standardized schedule by DST is more practical than trying to do what in the morning on our own?
television
What electronic device might people work their schedules around instead of paying close attention to DST?
winter
During what season is DST usually not observed because of the detriments of dark mornings?
coordination with others
What indirect benefit of DST might cause some areas to observe it even though they don't get any direct benefits like cost or energy savings?
3.5%
What percentage of all electricity usage in the U.S. and Canada is from residential lighting?
morning
DST will reduce electricity use in the evening but increase it during what time of the day?
incandescent
When DST was first proposed, what type of lighting was consuming the most electricity?
climate
Along with geography and economics, what variable often affects how much electricity an area uses?
Franklin
Whose satire that was published in 1784 pointed out that daylight saving would only reduce electricity usage if the increase in the mornings was less than the savings in the evenings?
increases
Have studies shown DST generally increases or reduces gas consumption from cars?
2008
What year was the DOE report about fuel consumption published?
extension of DST
What happened regarding DST in 2007 in the United States that probably led to the DOE investigation?
sporting goods
What category of goods that are used in outdoor activities benefit from the extra hour of daylight from DST?
the National Golf Foundation
What organization predicted a $100 million increase for the golf sector because of extended DST?
1984
What year did Fortune magazine make predictions about the increased revenue an extended daylight savings would provide?
3%
According to a study in 1999, daylight savings has caused what approximate percentage of increase in leisure industry revenue in the European Union?
$30 million
How much extra money from DST did Fortune predict for 7-Eleven on account of DST?
after
Is it better to harvest grain before or after the morning dew evaporates?
cows
What animal on dairy farms is affected by timing?
disrupts their systems
What does earlier milk delivery do to cows?
earlier
Some farmers oppose DST because their farm laborers arrive to work and leave later or earlier?
parents of young children
Besides farmers, what other group of people set their schedules by the sun?
2007
What year did a change in DST policy cost North America somewhere between $500 million and $1 billion in extra work?
William F. Shughart II
Who is the economist who said there was about $1.7 billion in lost opportunity costs because of the 2007 changes?
decreased economic efficiency
What have some people argued correlates with time shifts from daylight savings?
the daylight-saving effect
What do some call the effect that they say caused a one-day loss for stock exchanges of approximately $31 billion in the year 2000?
methodology
What factor determines the numbers people reach for estimates when studying DST?
1976
In what year did the NBS revisit the DOT's 1975 study and find traffic fatalities unaffected?
the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
What organization made their own estimation in 1995 of a drop in traffic deaths by 1.2%?
SDST
What's the abbreviation for Single/Double Summer Time?
11%
In the two weeks following the time change ending British Summer Time, what percentage hike is there in traffic accidents?
40 minutes
How much less, on average, do workers in the U.S. sleep on Mondays after switching to DST, according to the 2009 study?
violent crime rate
What did the LEAA say was reduced 10% to 13% in Washington, DC during daylight savings?
two
How many cities did the LEAA study before reaching their conclusion?
one
How many cities of those the LEAA studied showed any reduction in crime?
1970s
In what decade did the LEAA conduct their investigation of crime and DST?
heating
There are more fires in the fall and winter because people burn more candles and turn what on to keep warm?
carbon monoxide detectors
In addition to smoke detectors, what do fire safety officials suggest people replace batteries in when they set their clocks twice a year?
the first days of spring and autumn
If your area doesn't observe DST, what can you use instead as a twice-yearly reminder?
lights
What part of your vehicle should you remember to check twice a year?
hazardous materials
What should you check storage spaces in your home for twice-yearly?
outdoor exercise
What do societies with standardized work schedules have more time for because of the increase in afternoon daylight from DST?
vitamin D
What vitamin does sunlight help the human body absorb?
Gordon Gund
What chair of the Retinitis Pigmentosa Foundation Fighting Blindness lobbied for an extension to daylight savings in the U.S.?
skin cancer
What cancer can be caused by too much time in the sun?
rise earlier
Some people say DST can help sufferers of depression because it encourages them to do what?
circadian rhythm
What natural rhythm is disrupted by seasonal changes?
Kazakhstan
In 2005, what country used increased health risks as rationalization for getting rid of DST?
Dmitri Medvedev
Which Russian president argued that the country should stay in DST year-round because of the stresses of time shifts?
three
According to the Swedish study in 2008, for how many weekdays following the "spring forward" do you have a higher risk of heart attack?
higher
Do emissions from vehicle exhaust cause lower or higher pollution before dawn?
before dawn
Does DST mean more rush hour traffic is on the road before dawn or after?
air pollution
What kind of pollution is caused by emissions from cars while they're sitting in traffic?
twice
During the fall time shift from 02:00 to 01:00, how many times will a clock show the times between 01:00:00 and 01:59:59?
confusion
What might a clock showing the same times twice in one day lead to?