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paz porfiriana
The internal stability was known as what?
1876 to 1910
During what years did the economic growth occur?
Díaz
Who committed to a strict "No Re-election" policy when running for office?
working class
Which class was frustrated with Diaz due to corruption?
Madero
Orozco responded to whose letter to action?
Governor Abraham González
Which governor teamed up with Orozco?
Ciudad Juárez
Orozco and Villa fought for and won which city?
United States
Madero received support from which country?
Orozquistas
Orozco's army was called by what name?
United States
War with what country seemed imminent?
President Wilson
Pancho Villa seeked a conversation with which American President?
Carranza’s
Villa stepped out of whose foreign policy?
Secretary William Jennings Bryan
To which Secretary did Carothers write?
Chihuahua
Which state is the largest in the country by land?
12.6%
What percentage of the country does it make up?
Sonora
Which state borders Chihuahua to the direct west?
Texas
Which U.S. state borders to the northeast?
elevation of the terrain
Climate in the state depends mainly on what?
The Sierra Madre Occidental
Which mountain range dominates the western part of the state?
west
Vegetation is much greener in which side of the state, east or west?
west
Which side of the state has more precipitation?
southern
Which part of the state has the most desert; north, south, east, or west?
mammals
The Chihuahuan Desert is home to many of which type of animal?
rattlesnake
Which type of reptile is most common in the desert?
skunk
Mephitis macroura is which type of mammal?
Carranza
Villa became an enemy of whom?
Carranza
Who took control in 1914?
Convention of Aguascalientes
Carranza met with his opposition at a meeting called what?
Eulalio Gutiérrez
The convention deposed Carranza in favor of whom?
Battle of Celaya
At which battle was Obregon badly defeated?
July, August, and September
Which months make up the pronounced rainy season in the steppe?
100 °F
The steppe reaches temperatures above what in the winter?
canals
The steppe is important agriculturally because of what feature?
western
The mountain climate is found in which part of the state?
microclimates
The state has great diversity thanks to the large number of what?
flora
What type of life varies greatly with the elevation in the mountains?
Pinus
The state is home to one of the largest variation species of which genus?
Juniperus
Several species of which type dot the steppe and transition zone?
Ciudad Juárez
Which city in the state exceeds one million?
eighth
Juarez is ranked where among cities in the country?
2.4 million
El Paso and Ciudad Juarez combine for a population of how many people?
98%
What is the literacy rate in Chihuahua City?
76.5%
What percentage of people in Chihuahua live in cities?
Saltillo
French forces tried to capture the liberal government based where?
José María Patoni and Jesús González
Which two generals lost against the French on September 21, 1864?
President Juárez
The goverment led by whom was forced to evacuate Saltillo?
Chihuahua, Chihuahua
Which was the last city through which Juarez evacuated?
Ángel Trías
Which governor led the supportive reception of President Juarez?
1867
Benito Juarez was reelected in which year?
Chihuahua
Which state gave Juarez a particularly notably strong support?
Luis Terrazas
Who was confirmed to be the president of the state of Chihuahua?
General Canto
Which general turned himself over to Donato Guerra?
1871
Which year's election was perceived to be fraudulent?
monopolies
The Diaz administration allowed the elite to concentrate wealth by favoring what?
17
Two-fifths of the state's territory was divided between how many families?
Chihuahua
This state grew at a rapid pace during the Porfiriato.
telephone lines
What were installed throughout the state in 1883?
restaurants, small grocery stores, and hotels.
Asian immigrants became integral to the state economy by opening what businesses?
1910
The Porfiriato ended in which year?
Mexican Revolution
The beginning of what ended the Porfiriato?
Díaz
Who stated that Mexico was ready for a Democracy and that he would step down?
Madero
Who was incarcerated while running against Diaz?
Toribio Ortega
Who took up arms in support of Madero?
Carranza, Obregón, Villa, and Zapata
The uneasy alliance between whom eventually won rebels the victory?
August 15, 1914
The fight against Huerta formally ended on which date?
Teoloyucan
In which city did Obregon sign a number of treaties?
Carranza
Who made a triumphant entry into Mexico City on August 20, 1914?
Sierra Madre Occidental
Which is the main mountain range in the state?
10,826 ft (3,300 m)
What altitude does the mountain range reach at maximum?
Chihuahua
Which state has more forests than any other?
elevation
Precipitation and temperature in the mountainous region depend on what?
tropical
What type of plants can be found in some canyons?
Samalayuca
Which city is known for its sand dunes?
the Steppe
The transition zone between east and west is called what?
Desert
Both types of climate zones in the eastern part of the state are what?
Desert
What type of land dominates in the eastern part of the state?
migratory species
The state hosts populations of birds of both endemic species and what?
hummingbird
Cynanthus latirostris is what type of bird?
golden eagle
Aquila chrysaetos is what type of bird?
Trogon mexicanus
Which endemic species has symbolic significance to Mexicans?
Álvaro Obregón
Who invited Canadians to resettle in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution?
42%
Today, Mexico accounts for what percentage of Mennonites in Latin America?
German
Mennonites speak a form of which language predominantly?
cheese
Which food do Mennonites excel in producing?
half
Mennonites account for about how much of the state's farm economy?
climate
Agriculture varies across the state because of the variation in what?
apples
Which fruit does the state rank first in production?
milk
The state produces lots of dairy which large processors of what dairy product?
oak
The state ranks second in the production of what type of wood?
zinc
The state ranked second with over 150,000 metric tons of what metal?
Nueva Vizcaya
What was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored?
Chihuahua
Around 1528, a group of Spaniards entered the territory that now makes up what state?
one century
The conquest of the territory lasted nearly how long?
mining center
The Spanish crown wanted to turn the region into what type of industry?
Conchos tribe
Which tribe resisted fiercely this conquest?
Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares
Hidalgo was turned over by whom?
1811
In which year was Hidalgo turned over?
firing squad
How was Hidalgo executed after having been found guilty?
blindfold
Hidalgo refused the use of what during his execution?
Chihuahua
In which state was Hidalgo's headless body buried?