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What field is the article from?
Title: Peeking Inside the Schufa Blackbox: Explaining the German Housing Scoring System Abstract: Explainable Artificial Intelligence is a concept aimed at making complex algorithms transparent to users through a uniform solution. Researchers have highlighted the importance of integrating domain specific contexts to de...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Forecasting Post-Wildfire Vegetation Recovery in California using a Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory Tensor Regression Network Abstract: The study of post-wildfire plant regrowth is essential for developing successful ecosystem recovery strategies. Prior research mainly examines key ecological and biogeograp...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Scalable Knowledge Graph Construction and Inference on Human Genome Variants Abstract: Real-world knowledge can be represented as a graph consisting of entities and relationships between the entities. The need for efficient and scalable solutions arises when dealing with vast genomic data, like RNA-sequencing. K...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: MimicGen: A Data Generation System for Scalable Robot Learning using Human Demonstrations Abstract: Imitation learning from a large set of human demonstrations has proved to be an effective paradigm for building capable robot agents. However, the demonstrations can be extremely costly and time-consuming to colle...
Robotics
What field is the article from?
Title: Hot PATE: Private Aggregation of Distributions for Diverse Task Abstract: The Private Aggregation of Teacher Ensembles (PATE) framework~\cite{PapernotAEGT:ICLR2017} is a versatile approach to privacy-preserving machine learning. In PATE, teacher models are trained on distinct portions of sensitive data, and thei...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Strategic Data Augmentation with CTGAN for Smart Manufacturing: Enhancing Machine Learning Predictions of Paper Breaks in Pulp-and-Paper Production Abstract: A significant challenge for predictive maintenance in the pulp-and-paper industry is the infrequency of paper breaks during the production process. In this...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Instrumental Variable Estimation for Causal Inference in Longitudinal Data with Time-Dependent Latent Confounders Abstract: Causal inference from longitudinal observational data is a challenging problem due to the difficulty in correctly identifying the time-dependent confounders, especially in the presence of l...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Ranking with Slot Constraints Abstract: We introduce the problem of ranking with slot constraints, which can be used to model a wide range of application problems -- from college admission with limited slots for different majors, to composing a stratified cohort of eligible participants in a medical trial. We sh...
Information Retrieval
What field is the article from?
Title: Improving Factual Consistency of Text Summarization by Adversarially Decoupling Comprehension and Embellishment Abilities of LLMs Abstract: Despite the recent progress in text summarization made by large language models (LLMs), they often generate summaries that are factually inconsistent with original articles,...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Generate, Filter, and Fuse: Query Expansion via Multi-Step Keyword Generation for Zero-Shot Neural Rankers Abstract: Query expansion has been proved to be effective in improving recall and precision of first-stage retrievers, and yet its influence on a complicated, state-of-the-art cross-encoder ranker remains u...
Information Retrieval
What field is the article from?
Title: Euclidean, Projective, Conformal: Choosing a Geometric Algebra for Equivariant Transformers Abstract: The Geometric Algebra Transformer (GATr) is a versatile architecture for geometric deep learning based on projective geometric algebra. We generalize this architecture into a blueprint that allows one to constru...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Hallucination Detection for Grounded Instruction Generation Abstract: We investigate the problem of generating instructions to guide humans to navigate in simulated residential environments. A major issue with current models is hallucination: they generate references to actions or objects that are inconsistent w...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: GeoLocator: a location-integrated large multimodal model for inferring geo-privacy Abstract: Geographic privacy or geo-privacy refers to the keeping private of one's geographic location, especially the restriction of geographical data maintained by personal electronic equipment. Geo-privacy is a crucial aspect o...
Computers and Society
What field is the article from?
Title: DevBots can co-design APIs Abstract: DevBots are automated tools that perform various tasks in order to support software development. They are a growing trend and have been used in repositories to automate repetitive tasks, as code generators, and as collaborators in eliciting requirements and defining architect...
Software Engineering
What field is the article from?
Title: YUAN 2.0: A Large Language Model with Localized Filtering-based Attention Abstract: In this work, we develop and release Yuan 2.0, a series of large language models with parameters ranging from 2.1 billion to 102.6 billion. The Localized Filtering-based Attention (LFA) is introduced to incorporate prior knowledg...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: A Simple Framework to Enhance the Adversarial Robustness of Deep Learning-based Intrusion Detection System Abstract: Deep learning based intrusion detection systems (DL-based IDS) have emerged as one of the best choices for providing security solutions against various network intrusion attacks. However, due to t...
Cryptography and Security
What field is the article from?
Title: CNL2ASP: converting controlled natural language sentences into ASP Abstract: Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a popular declarative programming language for solving hard combinatorial problems. Although ASP has gained widespread acceptance in academic and industrial contexts, there are certain user groups who may...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Combining EEG and NLP Features for Predicting Students' Lecture Comprehension using Ensemble Classification Abstract: Electroencephalography (EEG) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) can be applied for education to measure students' comprehension in classroom lectures; currently, the two measures have been use...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Spoken Word2Vec: A Perspective And Some Techniques Abstract: Text word embeddings that encode distributional semantic features work by modeling contextual similarities of frequently occurring words. Acoustic word embeddings, on the other hand, typically encode low-level phonetic similarities. Semantic embeddings...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Learning Machine Morality through Experience and Interaction Abstract: Increasing interest in ensuring safety of next-generation Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems calls for novel approaches to embedding morality into autonomous agents. Traditionally, this has been done by imposing explicit top-down rules or h...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: A Preference Learning Approach to Develop Safe and Personalizable Autonomous Vehicles Abstract: This work introduces a preference learning method that ensures adherence to traffic rules for autonomous vehicles. Our approach incorporates priority ordering of signal temporal logic (STL) formulas, describing traffi...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Using General Value Functions to Learn Domain-Backed Inventory Management Policies Abstract: We consider the inventory management problem, where the goal is to balance conflicting objectives such as availability and wastage of a large range of products in a store. We propose a reinforcement learning (RL) approac...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: A knowledge-driven AutoML architecture Abstract: This paper proposes a knowledge-driven AutoML architecture for pipeline and deep feature synthesis. The main goal is to render the AutoML process explainable and to leverage domain knowledge in the synthesis of pipelines and features. The architecture explores sev...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Visual Hindsight Self-Imitation Learning for Interactive Navigation Abstract: Interactive visual navigation tasks, which involve following instructions to reach and interact with specific targets, are challenging not only because successful experiences are very rare but also because the complex visual inputs req...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Robust Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition with Boundary Discrimination and Correlation Purification Abstract: Few-shot named entity recognition (NER) aims to recognize novel named entities in low-resource domains utilizing existing knowledge. However, the present few-shot NER models assume that the labeled data a...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: VMC: Video Motion Customization using Temporal Attention Adaption for Text-to-Video Diffusion Models Abstract: Text-to-video diffusion models have advanced video generation significantly. However, customizing these models to generate videos with tailored motions presents a substantial challenge. In specific, the...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Formal concept analysis for evaluating intrinsic dimension of a natural language Abstract: Some results of a computational experiment for determining the intrinsic dimension of linguistic varieties for the Bengali and Russian languages are presented. At the same time, both sets of words and sets of bigrams in th...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Learn to Categorize or Categorize to Learn? Self-Coding for Generalized Category Discovery Abstract: In the quest for unveiling novel categories at test time, we confront the inherent limitations of traditional supervised recognition models that are restricted by a predefined category set. While strides have bee...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Deep Bayesian Reinforcement Learning for Spacecraft Proximity Maneuvers and Docking Abstract: In the pursuit of autonomous spacecraft proximity maneuvers and docking(PMD), we introduce a novel Bayesian actor-critic reinforcement learning algorithm to learn a control policy with the stability guarantee. The PMD t...
Robotics
What field is the article from?
Title: Small Dataset, Big Gains: Enhancing Reinforcement Learning by Offline Pre-Training with Model Based Augmentation Abstract: Offline reinforcement learning leverages pre-collected datasets of transitions to train policies. It can serve as effective initialization for online algorithms, enhancing sample efficiency ...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Causal Interpretation of Self-Attention in Pre-Trained Transformers Abstract: We propose a causal interpretation of self-attention in the Transformer neural network architecture. We interpret self-attention as a mechanism that estimates a structural equation model for a given input sequence of symbols (tokens). ...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Multitask Kernel-based Learning with First-Order Logic Constraints Abstract: In this paper we propose a general framework to integrate supervised and unsupervised examples with background knowledge expressed by a collection of first-order logic clauses into kernel machines. In particular, we consider a multi-tas...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Classifying patient voice in social media data using neural networks: A comparison of AI models on different data sources and therapeutic domains Abstract: It is essential that healthcare professionals and members of the healthcare community can access and easily understand patient experiences in the real world,...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Towards a Gateway for Knowledge Graph Schemas Collection, Analysis, and Embedding Abstract: One of the significant barriers to the training of statistical models on knowledge graphs is the difficulty that scientists have in finding the best input data to address their prediction goal. In addition to this, a key ...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: DreamComposer: Controllable 3D Object Generation via Multi-View Conditions Abstract: Utilizing pre-trained 2D large-scale generative models, recent works are capable of generating high-quality novel views from a single in-the-wild image. However, due to the lack of information from multiple views, these works en...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Advancing AI Audits for Enhanced AI Governance Abstract: As artificial intelligence (AI) is integrated into various services and systems in society, many companies and organizations have proposed AI principles, policies, and made the related commitments. Conversely, some have proposed the need for independent au...
Computers and Society
What field is the article from?
Title: Robust Offline Policy Evaluation and Optimization with Heavy-Tailed Rewards Abstract: This paper endeavors to augment the robustness of offline reinforcement learning (RL) in scenarios laden with heavy-tailed rewards, a prevalent circumstance in real-world applications. We propose two algorithmic frameworks, ROA...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Prompt Engineering-assisted Malware Dynamic Analysis Using GPT-4 Abstract: Dynamic analysis methods effectively identify shelled, wrapped, or obfuscated malware, thereby preventing them from invading computers. As a significant representation of dynamic malware behavior, the API (Application Programming Interfac...
Cryptography and Security
What field is the article from?
Title: Practical Estimation of Ensemble Accuracy Abstract: Ensemble learning combines several individual models to obtain better generalization performance. In this work we present a practical method for estimating the joint power of several classifiers which differs from existing approaches by {\em not relying on labe...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: The Hyperdimensional Transform for Distributional Modelling, Regression and Classification Abstract: Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is an increasingly popular computing paradigm with immense potential for future intelligent applications. Although the main ideas already took form in the 1990s, HDC recently gain...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Are We Falling in a Middle-Intelligence Trap? An Analysis and Mitigation of the Reversal Curse Abstract: Recent studies have highlighted a phenomenon in large language models (LLMs) known as "the reversal curse," in which the order of knowledge entities in the training data biases the models' comprehension. For ...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: The Potential of Wearable Sensors for Assessing Patient Acuity in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Abstract: Acuity assessments are vital in critical care settings to provide timely interventions and fair resource allocation. Traditional acuity scores rely on manual assessments and documentation of physiological states...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Task-Distributionally Robust Data-Free Meta-Learning Abstract: Data-Free Meta-Learning (DFML) aims to efficiently learn new tasks by leveraging multiple pre-trained models without requiring their original training data. Existing inversion-based DFML methods construct pseudo tasks from a learnable dataset, which ...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: LongBoX: Evaluating Transformers on Long-Sequence Clinical Tasks Abstract: Many large language models (LLMs) for medicine have largely been evaluated on short texts, and their ability to handle longer sequences such as a complete electronic health record (EHR) has not been systematically explored. Assessing thes...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: The Impact of Preference Agreement in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback: A Case Study in Summarization Abstract: Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) can be used to capture complex and nuanced properties of text generation quality. As a result, the task of text summarization has been identi...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: From Indeterminacy to Determinacy: Augmenting Logical Reasoning Capabilities with Large Language Models Abstract: Recent advances in LLMs have revolutionized the landscape of reasoning tasks. To enhance the capabilities of LLMs to emulate human reasoning, prior works focus on modeling reasoning steps using speci...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Prompt-based Logical Semantics Enhancement for Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition Abstract: Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition (IDRR), which infers discourse relations without the help of explicit connectives, is still a crucial and challenging task for discourse parsing. Recent works tend to exploit t...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Exploring the Robustness of Model-Graded Evaluations and Automated Interpretability Abstract: There has been increasing interest in evaluations of language models for a variety of risks and characteristics. Evaluations relying on natural language understanding for grading can often be performed at scale by using...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Addressing Membership Inference Attack in Federated Learning with Model Compression Abstract: Federated Learning (FL) has been proposed as a privacy-preserving solution for machine learning. However, recent works have shown that Federated Learning can leak private client data through membership attacks. In this ...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: A Graph-to-Text Approach to Knowledge-Grounded Response Generation in Human-Robot Interaction Abstract: Knowledge graphs are often used to represent structured information in a flexible and efficient manner, but their use in situated dialogue remains under-explored. This paper presents a novel conversational mod...
Robotics
What field is the article from?
Title: Kandinsky Conformal Prediction: Efficient Calibration of Image Segmentation Algorithms Abstract: Image segmentation algorithms can be understood as a collection of pixel classifiers, for which the outcomes of nearby pixels are correlated. Classifier models can be calibrated using Inductive Conformal Prediction, ...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: CZL-CIAE: CLIP-driven Zero-shot Learning for Correcting Inverse Age Estimation Abstract: Zero-shot age estimation aims to learn feature information about age from input images and make inferences about a given person's image or video frame without specific sample data. The development of zero-shot age estimation...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Labels Need Prompts Too: Mask Matching for Natural Language Understanding Tasks Abstract: Textual label names (descriptions) are typically semantically rich in many natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. In this paper, we incorporate the prompting methodology, which is widely used to enrich model input, int...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Boosting LLM Reasoning: Push the Limits of Few-shot Learning with Reinforced In-Context Pruning Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in various tasks, yet they still struggle with math reasoning. Despite efforts to optimize Chain-of-Thoughts (CoT) prompts and fine-tune LLMs, ...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Temporal Supervised Contrastive Learning for Modeling Patient Risk Progression Abstract: We consider the problem of predicting how the likelihood of an outcome of interest for a patient changes over time as we observe more of the patient data. To solve this problem, we propose a supervised contrastive learning f...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Introducing NCL-SM: A Fully Annotated Dataset of Images from Human Skeletal Muscle Biopsies Abstract: Single cell analysis of skeletal muscle (SM) tissue is a fundamental tool for understanding many neuromuscular disorders. For this analysis to be reliable and reproducible, identification of individual fibres wi...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: No Prior Mask: Eliminate Redundant Action for Deep Reinforcement Learning Abstract: The large action space is one fundamental obstacle to deploying Reinforcement Learning methods in the real world. The numerous redundant actions will cause the agents to make repeated or invalid attempts, even leading to task fai...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: GLOP: Learning Global Partition and Local Construction for Solving Large-scale Routing Problems in Real-time Abstract: The recent end-to-end neural solvers have shown promise for small-scale routing problems but suffered from limited real-time scaling-up performance. This paper proposes GLOP (Global and Local Op...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Classification of Human- and AI-Generated Texts for English, French, German, and Spanish Abstract: In this paper we analyze features to classify human- and AI-generated text for English, French, German and Spanish and compare them across languages. We investigate two scenarios: (1) The detection of text generate...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Amodal Optical Flow Abstract: Optical flow estimation is very challenging in situations with transparent or occluded objects. In this work, we address these challenges at the task level by introducing Amodal Optical Flow, which integrates optical flow with amodal perception. Instead of only representing the visi...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: ViR: Vision Retention Networks Abstract: Vision Transformers (ViTs) have attracted a lot of popularity in recent years, due to their exceptional capabilities in modeling long-range spatial dependencies and scalability for large scale training. Although the training parallelism of self-attention mechanism plays a...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Attention Lens: A Tool for Mechanistically Interpreting the Attention Head Information Retrieval Mechanism Abstract: Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) are the state-of-the-art for natural language tasks. Recent work has attempted to decode, by reverse engineering the role of linear layers, the inter...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Uncertainty in Additive Feature Attribution methods Abstract: In this work, we explore various topics that fall under the umbrella of Uncertainty in post-hoc Explainable AI (XAI) methods. We in particular focus on the class of additive feature attribution explanation methods. We first describe our specifications...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Towards Autonomous Hypothesis Verification via Language Models with Minimal Guidance Abstract: Research automation efforts usually employ AI as a tool to automate specific tasks within the research process. To create an AI that truly conduct research themselves, it must independently generate hypotheses, design ...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Score Normalization for a Faster Diffusion Exponential Integrator Sampler Abstract: Recently, Zhang et al. have proposed the Diffusion Exponential Integrator Sampler (DEIS) for fast generation of samples from Diffusion Models. It leverages the semi-linear nature of the probability flow ordinary differential equa...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Multitask Multimodal Prompted Training for Interactive Embodied Task Completion Abstract: Interactive and embodied tasks pose at least two fundamental challenges to existing Vision & Language (VL) models, including 1) grounding language in trajectories of actions and observations, and 2) referential disambiguati...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Fine-tuning Language Models for Factuality Abstract: The fluency and creativity of large pre-trained language models (LLMs) have led to their widespread use, sometimes even as a replacement for traditional search engines. Yet language models are prone to making convincing but factually inaccurate claims, often r...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Towards Few-Annotation Learning in Computer Vision: Application to Image Classification and Object Detection tasks Abstract: In this thesis, we develop theoretical, algorithmic and experimental contributions for Machine Learning with limited labels, and more specifically for the tasks of Image Classification and...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Unnatural Error Correction: GPT-4 Can Almost Perfectly Handle Unnatural Scrambled Text Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance in many tasks, much about their inner workings remains unclear. In this study, we present novel experimental insights into the resilience of LLM...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: E-CORE: Emotion Correlation Enhanced Empathetic Dialogue Generation Abstract: Achieving empathy is a crucial step toward humanized dialogue systems. Current approaches for empathetic dialogue generation mainly perceive an emotional label to generate an empathetic response conditioned on it, which simply treat em...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Towards More Likely Models for AI Planning Abstract: This is the first work to look at the application of large language models (LLMs) for the purpose of model space edits in automated planning tasks. To set the stage for this sangam, we explore two different flavors of model space problems that have been studie...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: BoschAI @ Causal News Corpus 2023: Robust Cause-Effect Span Extraction using Multi-Layer Sequence Tagging and Data Augmentation Abstract: Understanding causality is a core aspect of intelligence. The Event Causality Identification with Causal News Corpus Shared Task addresses two aspects of this challenge: Subta...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Hybrid Minimax-MCTS and Difficulty Adjustment for General Game Playing Abstract: Board games are a great source of entertainment for all ages, as they create a competitive and engaging environment, as well as stimulating learning and strategic thinking. It is common for digital versions of board games, as any ot...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Fine-Tuning Language Models Using Formal Methods Feedback Abstract: Although pre-trained language models encode generic knowledge beneficial for planning and control, they may fail to generate appropriate control policies for domain-specific tasks. Existing fine-tuning methods use human feedback to address this ...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Adversarial Preference Optimization Abstract: Human preference alignment is a crucial training step to improve the interaction quality of large language models (LLMs). Existing aligning methods depend on manually annotated preference data to guide the LLM optimization directions. However, in practice, continuous...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: FakeWatch ElectionShield: A Benchmarking Framework to Detect Fake News for Credible US Elections Abstract: In today's technologically driven world, the spread of fake news, particularly during crucial events such as elections, presents an increasing challenge to the integrity of information. To address this chal...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Assessing Neural Network Representations During Training Using Noise-Resilient Diffusion Spectral Entropy Abstract: Entropy and mutual information in neural networks provide rich information on the learning process, but they have proven difficult to compute reliably in high dimensions. Indeed, in noisy and high-...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Unveiling Safety Vulnerabilities of Large Language Models Abstract: As large language models become more prevalent, their possible harmful or inappropriate responses are a cause for concern. This paper introduces a unique dataset containing adversarial examples in the form of questions, which we call AttaQ, desi...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: TencentLLMEval: A Hierarchical Evaluation of Real-World Capabilities for Human-Aligned LLMs Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across various natural language tasks. However, evaluating their alignment with human preferences remains a challenge. To this end, we propose a co...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: FRAD: Front-Running Attacks Detection on Ethereum using Ternary Classification Model Abstract: With the evolution of blockchain technology, the issue of transaction security, particularly on platforms like Ethereum, has become increasingly critical. Front-running attacks, a unique form of security threat, pose s...
Cryptography and Security
What field is the article from?
Title: Analyzing and Improving the Training Dynamics of Diffusion Models Abstract: Diffusion models currently dominate the field of data-driven image synthesis with their unparalleled scaling to large datasets. In this paper, we identify and rectify several causes for uneven and ineffective training in the popular ADM ...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Converting and Smoothing False Negatives for Vision-Language Pre-training Abstract: We consider the critical issue of false negatives in Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP), a challenge that arises from the inherent many-to-many correspondence of image-text pairs in large-scale web-crawled datasets. The presence ...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Prompt Engineering a Prompt Engineer Abstract: Prompt engineering is a challenging yet crucial task for optimizing the performance of large language models (LLMs). It requires complex reasoning to examine the model's errors, hypothesize what is missing or misleading in the current prompt, and communicate the tas...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Characterizing Large Language Model Geometry Solves Toxicity Detection and Generation Abstract: Large Language Models~(LLMs) drive current AI breakthroughs despite very little being known about their internal representations, e.g., how to extract a few informative features to solve various downstream tasks. To p...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: BaRDa: A Belief and Reasoning Dataset that Separates Factual Accuracy and Reasoning Ability Abstract: While there are numerous benchmarks comparing the performance of modern language models (LMs), end-task evaluations often conflate notions of *factual accuracy* ("truth") and *reasoning ability* ("rationality", ...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Generalization in medical AI: a perspective on developing scalable models Abstract: Over the past few years, research has witnessed the advancement of deep learning models trained on large datasets, some even encompassing millions of examples. While these impressive performance on their hidden test sets, they of...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: PatchBMI-Net: Lightweight Facial Patch-based Ensemble for BMI Prediction Abstract: Due to an alarming trend related to obesity affecting 93.3 million adults in the United States alone, body mass index (BMI) and body weight have drawn significant interest in various health monitoring applications. Consequently, s...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: Enhancing Medical Task Performance in GPT-4V: A Comprehensive Study on Prompt Engineering Strategies Abstract: OpenAI's latest large vision-language model (LVLM), GPT-4V(ision), has piqued considerable interest for its potential in medical applications. Despite its promise, recent studies and internal reviews hi...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Learning Adversarial Low-rank Markov Decision Processes with Unknown Transition and Full-information Feedback Abstract: In this work, we study the low-rank MDPs with adversarially changed losses in the full-information feedback setting. In particular, the unknown transition probability kernel admits a low-rank m...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: MONET: Modality-Embracing Graph Convolutional Network and Target-Aware Attention for Multimedia Recommendation Abstract: In this paper, we focus on multimedia recommender systems using graph convolutional networks (GCNs) where the multimodal features as well as user-item interactions are employed together. Our s...
Information Retrieval
What field is the article from?
Title: Bias-Variance Trade-off in Physics-Informed Neural Networks with Randomized Smoothing for High-Dimensional PDEs Abstract: While physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been proven effective for low-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs), the computational cost remains a hurdle in high-dimensiona...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: Kindness in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Abstract: In human societies, people often incorporate fairness in their decisions and treat reciprocally by being kind to those who act kindly. They evaluate the kindness of others' actions not only by monitoring the outcomes but also by considering the intentions....
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Two-Stage Predict+Optimize for Mixed Integer Linear Programs with Unknown Parameters in Constraints Abstract: Consider the setting of constrained optimization, with some parameters unknown at solving time and requiring prediction from relevant features. Predict+Optimize is a recent framework for end-to-end train...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: Improved Anonymous Multi-Agent Path Finding Algorithm Abstract: We consider an Anonymous Multi-Agent Path-Finding (AMAPF) problem where the set of agents is confined to a graph, a set of goal vertices is given and each of these vertices has to be reached by some agent. The problem is to find an assignment of the...
Artificial Intelligence
What field is the article from?
Title: On the stability, correctness and plausibility of visual explanation methods based on feature importance Abstract: In the field of Explainable AI, multiples evaluation metrics have been proposed in order to assess the quality of explanation methods w.r.t. a set of desired properties. In this work, we study the a...
Computer Vision
What field is the article from?
Title: JudgeLM: Fine-tuned Large Language Models are Scalable Judges Abstract: Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in open-ended scenarios is challenging because existing benchmarks and metrics can not measure them comprehensively. To address this problem, we propose to fine-tune LLMs as scalable judges (JudgeLM) t...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Positional Description Matters for Transformers Arithmetic Abstract: Transformers, central to the successes in modern Natural Language Processing, often falter on arithmetic tasks despite their vast capabilities --which paradoxically include remarkable coding abilities. We observe that a crucial challenge is the...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Rethinking and Improving Multi-task Learning for End-to-end Speech Translation Abstract: Significant improvements in end-to-end speech translation (ST) have been achieved through the application of multi-task learning. However, the extent to which auxiliary tasks are highly consistent with the ST task, and how m...
Computational Linguistics
What field is the article from?
Title: Image Transformation for IoT Time-Series Data: A Review Abstract: In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), where smartphones, built-in systems, wireless sensors, and nearly every smart device connect through local networks or the internet, billions of smart things communicate with each other and generate vast...
Machine Learning
What field is the article from?
Title: When does In-context Learning Fall Short and Why? A Study on Specification-Heavy Tasks Abstract: In-context learning (ICL) has become the default method for using large language models (LLMs), making the exploration of its limitations and understanding the underlying causes crucial. In this paper, we find that I...
Computational Linguistics