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dfac8315-ccc1-4f9e-9a89-a20f8fceb021 | The following letter has been sent to all the doctors practising in the district:— Dear Sir, Arrangements have been made by the Council for the storage and distribution of Anti-toxin in cases of Diphtheria. A supply of Anti-toxin is kept at the Council Offices and at the Isolation Hospital for the use of Medical Practitioners in the district. Where a case of Diphtheria occurs among the poorer inhabitants the Anti-toxin and the use of the Syringe are supplied free of charge. Where a case of Diphtheria is being nursed [at home the Anti-toxin must be replaced, and a charge of one shilling will be made if the Council's Syringe is used. Yours faithfully, D. J. THOMAS, Medical Officer of Health. 34 TUBERCULAR DISEASE. There were 43 deaths from Phthisis or Consumption, and nine from other Tubercular Diseases. |
2873205b-ae87-4a1d-b324-cd269d49e741 | 33 of the deaths from Tuberculous Diseases were registered in the district, and the remaining deaths occurred in Public Institutions outside the district. Of the deaths from Pulmonary Tuberculosis 24 were of males and 19 of females. In last year's report it was stated that the decline in mortality from Consumption had occurred at every age-period and in both sexes, but the rate of decrease has varied widely, and has been much greater in the female than in the male sex. At the present time the incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis or Consumption is appreciably heavier in males than females. Between the ages of 5 and 25 years females are more liable to die from the disease than males, but at the other age periods the liability is considerably less in females. The following table gives the number of deaths from Phthisis in Males and Females since 1905 :— Under 15 years. Over 15 years. Males. Females. Males. Females. |
80a65bc4-58b9-458a-b987-a64f6022898e | 1905 4 6 18 15 1906 —. 1 24 23 1907 3 5 30 28 1908 2 2 39 13 1909 4 4 25 16 1910 1 1 23 18 There are more females than males living in the district. At the Census of 1901 there 1,170 females for every 1,000 males living in the district, but the number of deaths from Consumption is actually lower in females than in males. 35 Prior to their attack of illness the 43 persons over 15 years of age dead of Phthisis last year were employed as follows:— Males. Females. |
292800d2-2ee4-4f23-967c-76056973e650 | General Labourer 3 Household 17 Laundryman 2 Clerk 1 Carman 1 Electrical Engineer 1 Mechanical Engineer 1 Clerk 1 Porter 1 Warehouseman 1 Clothier's Assistant 1 Tailor 1 Commercial Traveller 1 Gold Beater 1 Cabinet Maker 1 Dental Operator 1 Solicitor 1 Organist 1 Insurance Agent 1 Handyman 1 Coachman 1 Flower Seller 1 Total 23 - Total 18 It has been pointed out in previous reports, that one of the chief obstacles in dealing with Pulmonary Tuberculosis is the difficulty of obtaining information of the early cases. This difficulty has militated against the success of the Sanatorium treatment. In 1905, the Council entered into agreement whereby it maintained three beds in the Northwood Sanatorium. In 1907 the number of beds was reduced to two. |
4c01df14-68cf-4588-b680-9ff6bb6f1cb6 | The agreement expired August 1910, but a temporary 36 ment was entered into pending the result of the Local Government Board Inquiry as to the suitability of Clare Hall Hospital for the reception of Tubercular patients. In 1910 six cases were admitted into the Council's beds at the Sanatorium. In last year's report the history of the cases admitted into the Mount Vernon Sanatorium from this district was given. In almost all the cases the immediate results were gratifying, and when early and suitable cases can be secured a considerable percentage may be returned to the ranks of active workers and remain in those ranks for several years. The percentage gets smaller as the interval since their discharge increases. To procure lasting effects earlier cases must be treated, and the patient must be cared for on discharge so that he can gradually return to work. But these are only two phases of one question. If treatment could be carried out in the earliest stages of the disease, after-care would probably be unnecessary. |
17c8bd5a-6b10-4e4a-86b8-982344c576c1 | But apart from this difficulty, sanatorium accommodation is limited and expensive, and even in the partially endowed institutions the length of time necessary for nominal completion of the cure is grudged by the great majority of middle and working class patients. To overcome these difficulties Tuberculosis Dispensaries have been established in some districts. The control and eradication of Tuberculosis mean far more than the treatment of a certain limited number of patients. It means not only the cure of those already affected by the disease, but the safe-guarding of others from infection. Past efforts have been almost entirely concerned with the treatment of these already infected, and very little attention has been given to preventive measures. The whole question will have to be reconsidered when the result of the above-mentioned inquiry has been made known, and further proposals will be laid before the Council. 37 70 cases were notified to the Council in the year; of these 53 were notified under the Public Health Tuberculosis Regulations of 1908. ENTERIC FEVER. |
44f666e5-1116-4004-947a-af4d6494e8d9 | 16 cases of Enteric Fever were notified, and two deaths occurred. 7 cases occurred in one house. Although these were notified at different times, the history of the cases went to show that all the cases were probably simultaneously infected. They first exhibited symptoms about the middle of September. The mother and six children were attacked, and the husband and the smallest child were the only persons in the family to remain unattacked. None of the accepted modes of origin of Typhoid Fever could be appealed to for explanation, and the only article of food partaken of by these 7 and not by the husband and youngest child was plaice. The outbreak was investigated by Dr. Hamer of the London County Council in the course of his investigations into the prevalence of Typhoid Fever in London and the surrounding districts during last autumn. In the report issued by Sir Shirley Murphy submitting the report of Dr. |
2c9b155d-eef8-402c-8cc5-9efaacf24d0f | Hamer, it is stated that examination of the facts concerning these localised prevalences (33 in all) failed to show in each instance that any ordinarily accepted cause of Typhoid Fever had been operative, but it was found that all sufferers contributing to the excessive prevalences had partaken of fish (usually fried fish), and that in all instances in which information on this head could be obtained, small plaice belonging to the category described by fried fish vendors as " late steamer fish," was in question. The chances against such a combination of circumstances being the result of mere coincidence were of course very great. Dr. Hamer draws attention to the interesting fact, established by the enquiries and reports of Officers of the Board of Trade, that much of the small plaice sold at Billingsgate comes from an area in which are situated certain " nursing grounds," not far from the mouth of the Elbe, and he suggests as a possibility that estuary fish may be in question. |
efcbf3c0-0692-467e-9e24-4cfd6e4a96bd | 38 Plaice is practically the only fish used by vendors of fried fish which is not gutted, as a matter of course, at sea. The nature of the food (shell fish, etc.), of the plaice makes it possible to retain the gut without injuring the fish; whereas the character of the intestinal contents of fish consuming "softer" food necessitates removal of the gut forthwith. It is a suggestive fact that in the instances last summer, in which several members of one family were simultaneously attacked by typhoid fever, there was, generally speaking, a history of the consumption by all the sufferers in each family of small plaice or "dabs.'' In dealing with small "dabs" which are sold at times, when there are "heavy quantities" available at ½d. a pound, or say 3 or 4 a penny, cleansing is doubtless often left to be carried out by the purchaser, if performed at all. |
f13b0b4c-aeb3-4a8d-8112-30d3838f0988 | In one instance the source of infection was undoubtedly a "carrier'' in the same family, who some months previously had suffered from an attack of typhoid fever. (It may be explained that a "carrier" of typhoid fever is a person, who, although he may be in good health, carries the infectious material of the fever in his body, from which it may be given off in the stools or in the urine). The case was notified in March, 1910. He had not partaken of any article of food, such as shell fish, usually associated with contamination by the Typhoid bacilli. The milk was above suspicion, and all his meals had been taken in Acton. In July, 1909, the mother of the patient contracted Typhoid Fever, and was in the West London Hospital for ten weeks. During her stay at the Hospital she had an attack of gall stone colic. Four years previously, she also had an attack of gall stone colic. |
81b48f64-5d17-4b5d-8056-3f66c9941068 | In January or February she suffered from a slight attack of diarrhcea. The circumstances warranted the suspicion that the mother was a typhoid carrier, and specimens of her dejecta were bacteriologically examined. A pure culture of the typhoid bacillus was obtained from the faces and urine, showing, that though she had been discharged from the Hospital for nearly six months, she was still capable of spreading infection. 39 The case illustrates many interesting points, and is of such practical importance as to warrant a more extended notice. The typhoid carrier has been the object of a great deal of attention, both in this country and abroad, for several years past, and last autumn Dr. Ledingham presented a report to the Local Government Board upon the subject. In that report he has pointed out the intimate connection between the "carrier" state and the occurrence of gall stones. All the carriers who have been examined either post mortem or at operations have been found to suffer from gall stones. |
4f753d1d-4d3b-4942-9ffd-0cac02f91229 | • Boutine examination of every case of Typhoid Fever to determine the freedom or otherwise from the bacilli, is at present impossible, but where a history of gall stone colic is obtained, repeated examination of the dejecta should be made. The treatment of the carrier case, so far has been disappointing. Drugs, sour milk, X-rays, and even operations are known to have failed in many cases. It has been shown, though, that thorough washing with soap and water will remove the bacilli from the hands. One thing certain is, that the worse the sanitary surroundings of the carrier, the greater the danger to others. Another fact proved in the report is that the campaign for elaborate cleanliness in food preparation, so often urged by the Medical Press, and so often derided by the general public as a medical fad, is justified in every particular. " |
245261b6-660d-4392-a5d4-c7663c8b7ac9 | The fact that on one occasion alone over 200 individuals were infected by typhoid fever, owing to their milk being polluted with the excrement of one milker, shows how perilously easy may be the path of the bacillus from one man's bowel to another man's mouth. Domestic and culinary cleanliness must be cultivated, and possibly the public will take more interest in the disposal of excreta when he learns that his neighbours intestinal floral is dangerous and liable to reappear on his own tea table." 40 INFANTILE MORTALITY. One hundred and thirty-nine deaths under one year of age were registered in the district, and 12 infants under one year of age died in public institutions beyond the district, making a total of 151. The latter figures correspond to an infantile mortality of 102 per 1,000 births. The infantile mortality in England and Wales last year was 106; in the 77 large towns it amounted to 115; and in the 136 smaller towns it was 104. |
b28cc931-d339-4965-9c8f-78bb5eb0861d | The deaths were distributed as follows:— North-East Ward 20 North-West Ward 21 South-.East Ward 33 South-West Ward 77 The infantile mortality in each ward would be:— North-East Ward 63 per 1,000 births. North-West Ward 96 „ „ South-East Ward 84 „ „ South-West Ward 137 „ The infantile mortality was 4 per 1,000 lower than in 1909, 18 per 1,000 lower than in 1908, and 28 per 1,000 lower than in 1907. Compared with 1909 the infantile mortality was higher in the North East and North-West Wards and lower in the SouthEast and South-West Wards. There was again a diminution in the number of deaths from Diarrhœal Diseases. |
76172b2f-21a8-4334-8bbd-b252a37a3fe1 | It would, of course, be pleasant if one were able to claim all the credit for the marked diminution in the number of deaths from Diarrhoea] diseases which has occurred in recent years, but the succession of cool, wet summers has had a most marked influence on the prevalence of Diarrhœal diseases 41 Other influences have been at work, but it is difficult to exactly gauge the relative value of the different factors which have operated in the reduction of infantile mortality, and more especially of diarrhœal diseases. Health visiting has now been carried on in Acton for over six years, and when a comparison is made between the infantile mortality of the period in which this factor has been operative with the mortality prior to the appointment of a health visitor, the result is certainly gratifying. But, as has been stated, the conditions in the two periods are not identical, and some allowance must be made for climatic conditions. |
669eb426-685c-4482-ae65-0f1809d94494 | Of the 25 deaths from Diarrhœal Diseases 17 belonged to the South-West Ward. Most of the diseases which are operative in the causation of infantile mortality show an excessive incidence in the South West Ward, but the incidence of Diarrhœal Diseases has always been exceptionally heavy on this ward. Probably no other disease is a more delicate index to any unfavourable conditions and on a later page will be found some of the results of a house-to-house inspection of the Ward. The following streets showed an excessive mortality last year: — Infant Deaths. Births. Antrobus Road 4 7 All Saints' Road 4 8 Beaeonsfield Road 2 10 Bollo Bridge Road 5 24 Chaucer Road 6 16 Hanbury Road 4 16 St. Margaret's Terrace 3 5 Mill Hill Road 3 10 The Steyne, Steyne Road, &c. |
55998ef3-5c84-4598-a4fd-a8f2f7f537d4 | 4 13 Petersfield Road 5 19 Shaftesbury Road 4 12 Strafford Road 3 12 Temple Road 4 20 42 The number, of course, is too small to draw any conclusions, tout it is significant that 9 out of the 13 streets which had an infantile mortality of 200 per 1,000 births or over are in the South West Ward. A house-to-house inspection has been made of most of the above streets, and the others will receive attention during the coming year. It has been pointed out in previous reports that some of the factors in the causation of a high infantile mortality are beyond the control of a sanitary authority. For instance male infants iiave always a higher mortality than females. |
68a570f1-9e89-4350-bb9a-61005f767696 | The vital ■superiority of women is evidenced from birth onwards, for male infants always suffer from a higher death rate than female infants, and this superiority prevails throughout the rest of life, except at the ages 5 to 15 when boys and girls are equal in their freedom from the causes of death. In this district last year the iufantile mortality amongst female children was :>7 per 1,000 births and among males 107 per 1,000. 767 male children were born and 82 died, whilst 710 female children were born and 69 died. Some of this difference in vitality between the two may be explicable, by the greater difficulty with which male infants are born. One would naturally expect with the increased proportion of male children an increased mortality from such •diseases as Prematurity, Injury at birth and Atiophy. There is an increase in the number of deaths from Prematurity, but the number of deaths from Congenital Defects remains the same. |
f35c4d0a-0a30-40f8-91c2-894a5bab02cb | Premature births, Congenital Defects and Atrophy overlap considerably as causes of death, and it is unsafe to consider them separately, although the death rate from each of them is stated separately on Table V. Prematurity, Congenital Defects and Atrophy together were given as the cause of 56 deaths which was also the exact number from these causes in 1909. It has been stated that a considerable number of infants dying within a few minutes or hours of birth, have in recent years been registered both as births and deaths, and that in former years some of the infants similarly dying were buried as " still-births." |
1b0197a0-8ce9-4a1b-9d36-c346d922312a | In order to ascertain whether the Notification of 43 Births Act had been instrumental in the transference to the death register of children who would formally have been buried as still-born, I asked the Cemetery Superintendent if he would kindly give me the number of burials of still-births buried in the Acton Cemetery, and the following Tables gives the number of still-births buried since 1903:— 1904 38 1905 37 1906 40 1907 52 1908 45 1909 44 1910 37 As usual the mortality amongst illigitimate children was excessive. Out of 36 children born out of wedlock, 13 died before reaching the age of 12 months. These figures represent an infantile mortality of 361 per 1,000 births. NOTIFICATION OF BIRTHS ACT, 1907. One thousand four hundred and eighteen births and 36 still births were notified during the year. |
1331dd56-dbcb-4071-98f1-33a9ea3b6eba | Four hundred and forty-seven of these were notified by a doctor, 930 by a midwife and 41 by the fathers of the children. One hundred and nine births were registered that had not been notified within the statutory period. Two prosecutions were instituted by the Council for noncompliance with the Act. One of them was against a doctor. The case was dismissed, as the magistrates held that the doctor had reasonable grounds for assuming that the birth had been notified. The other prosecution was against. the father of the child and a fine was enforced. 44 CANCER. Fifty-two deaths occurred from Cancer or Malignant Disease. This is exactly the same number as occurred from Cancer in 1909. The ward distribution of the disease was as follows ' North-East Ward North-West Ward South-East Ward South-West Ward 14 12 15 11 COUNCIL LABORATORY. The equipment of the Council Laboratory was completed al the end of October, 1910. |
bfd18509-dd26-4749-9260-c4fc9d3112d0 | The following table gives a statement of the work done at the Laboratory since it was opened on October 15th, to the end of the year. Result Disease Nature of Specimen Positive Negative Total Diphtheria Swabs from throat and nose 69 82 151 Tuberculosis Sputum 1 4 5 Ringworm Hair of scalp 3 1 4 73 87 160. INQUESTS. |
ed6477aa-586f-46d7-b1f7-92d52defa94f | Thirty-eight inquests were held, the causes of death being:— Suicides Accidental Burns Run over by a Motor vehicle Accidental fall downstairs Overlaying Want of attention at birth Accidental poisoning Ptomaine poisoning Narcotic poisoning Pneumonia Heart disease Convulsions 5 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 3 Improper feeding Inanition Bronchitis Spasmodic Croup Congenital Defects Pleurisy Rupture of Aneurysm Diarrhoea Perferation of Bowel Acute Laryngitis Apoplexy 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 45 MORTUARY. Thirty-nine bodies were removed to the Mortuary; on 38 of these, inquests were held. The other body was removed to the Mortuary from the Cottage Hospital. Twenty-three post-mortem examinations were made. |
8494a5fa-d1f0-4844-b7c3-1c9678692ed3 | There is only one offensive trade carried on in the district, viz, fat extraction. There are two licensed and one registered slaughter houses in the district. In the latter, slaughtering is very rarely carried on. In one of the licensed slaughter houses, only pigs are slaughtered. The number varies from about 15 a day in the summer to about 80 in December. In the other, sheep form the bulk of the animals slaughtered; occasionally oxen are also slaughtered there. Both these slaughter houses have been regularly visited during the times of slaughter, and the following were condemned :— The Inspector of Nuisances acts as Meat Inspector and possesses a special meat certificate. Both the Assistant Inspectors also possess the necessary qualifications. UNSOUND FOOD. In addition to the Meat condemned in the slaughter houses, the following articles were also destroyed as unfit for human consumption :— OFFENSIVE TRADES. SLAUGHTER HOUSES. 4 Pigs' carcases and offal. 1 Pig's plucks. |
ba1c58e8-31d5-4288-a2e5-95fa5beb8089 | 2 Pigs' heads. Herrings Winkles Haddock Plaice Cherries Bread 2 boxes. 2 bushels. 1 trunk. 1 box. 1 box. 2 half quartern loaves. 46 DAIRIES AND COWSHEDS. There are one cow-keeper and 80 purveyors of milk in the district. There were 15 changes of occupation and 5 new premises were registered. The registration of these persons is made under the Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops Order, 1885. Clause 6. Under this clause it is incumbent upon the Council to register the applicant, quite irrespective of the character of the premises, or of anyother business carried on along with the sale of milk. The Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops Order of 1885 was issued by the Privy Council by virtue and in exercise of the powers in them vested under the Contagious Diseases Act, 1878. |
b606fbae-8b1d-4f85-8ea6-635bbac2c706 | Under Section 9 of the Contagious Diseases Act, 1886, the powers vested in the Privy Council of making General and Special Orders under Section 34 of the principal Act are transferred to the Local Government Board, and the Order of 1885 made by the Privy Council is deemed to have been made by the Local Government Board. Article 13 of the Order. enables a local authority to make regulations for the following purposes:— 1.—For the inspection of cattle in the dairies. 2.—For prescribing and regulating the lighting, ventilation, cleansing, drainage and water supply of dairies and cowsheds in the occupation of persons following the trade of cowkeeper or dairyman. 3.—For securing the cleanliness of milk-stores, milk shops and of milk-vessels used for containing milk for sale by such persons. 4.—For prescribing precautions to be taken by purveyors, of milk and persons selling milk by retail against infection or contamination. |
70bc23a5-ed2e-4be2-9de3-0bbb2c2612cc | 47 Regulations under the Order were made by fhe Local Board for the District of Acton, acting as the Urban SanitaryAuthority for such District on November 4th, 1890, but before dealing with the Regulations, there are certain matters in the Order which bear directly on the control of the milk supply. Article VI. (Sub-section 1) of the Order states that it shall not be lawful for any person to carry on in the district of any Local Authority the trade of cowkeeper, dairyman or purveyor of milk unless he is registered as such therein in accordance with, this article. In Sub-section 3 of Article 6, it states that the Local! Authority shall register every such person, but the fact of such registration shall not be deemed to authorise such person to occupy as a dairy or cowshed any particular building or in any way preclude any proceedings being taken against such person for non-compliance with infringement of any of the provisions of the Order or any Regulations made thereunder. |
8454aaeb-cd04-4041-b26c-5841099f9b42 | It will be observed that the Local Authority cannot refuse toregister any person applying for that purpose. It is true that such registration does not afford any protection in respect of the keeping of the premises in such a way as to contravene the provisions of the Order in other respects or of any regulation made under it. In 31 instances the milk is sold in general shops and in 25 of these, paraffin, wood, &c. are sold in the same shop as the milk. In two instances the milk is sold in grocery shops, and in one instance the owner of the premises has an off-license. Regulations 9 and 10 prescribe the precautions to be taken by purveyors of milk and persons selling milk by retail against infection or contamination. |
14c05fe6-1785-4fbf-8ac8-7cca0758a01f | Under Regulation 9, a purveyor of milk, or a person selling milk by retail, shall not cause any milk to be stored on his premises in any cellar or room in which there is any untrapped 48 opening to a drain, or either in the manner of storage or of distribution, do any act or thing likely to expose any milk to infection or contamination, or omit to do any act or thing necessary for the due protection of any milk from such infection or contamination. By the London County Council (General Powers) Act, 1908, the Metropolian Borough Councils are empowered to remove from the register kept by them from time to time persons carrying on in their district the trade of cowkeepers, dairymen or purveyors of milk ; or to refuse to enter upon the register the name of any person carrying on or proposing to carry on the trade of dairyman, or purveyor of milk upon premises which are, in the opinion of the Sanitary Authority for any reason unsuitable for the sale of milk therein. |
e2fd0175-517a-45f1-8e0e-1aec28d0e59a | It is hoped that similar powers will be granted to Authorities outside Londun. In these small shops the number and variety of articles stocked is often very large and the premises are generally overcrowded with stock and difficult to keep clean. The amount of milk sold in these premises is often very small. The proprietors admit that they sell very little milk; in 24 instances, not more than four quarts are sold daily. The only hardship that might arise frour their discontinuance of milk selling would result from a loss cf custom in the other articles that are stocked in these shops. But the importance of a clean milk supply, and the liability of milk to become contaminated render it imperative in the interest of the consumer that all possible precautions should be taken. These shops are visited and the owners advised as to the measures they should take. The proprietors are instructed to have the receptacles covered, but in 13 instances the milk was kept in the delivery can. |
fe1ee244-5f87-481a-8b4b-ce1b2d447d5f | It is tiue that the milk can be kept as free from dust in the delivery can as in a covered porcelain dish, but it is more liable to become your in the former. 49 Under the Acton Improvement Act, 1904, the Council has power to inspect cows and to take samples of milk if it be suspected that any cow is suffering from tuberculosis, but the conditions have changed so materially in recent years that in only a very small percentage of cases, can the clauses of the Act become operative. There are only two cowkespers in the district, and most of the milk is produced outside. The small purveyors of milk obtain their supply from large wholesale distributors, and it would be almost impossible to trace the farm from which the milk originally came. SEWAGE DISPOSAL. A description of the Sewage Works has been given in previous reports. By the Sewage Act of 1905, all the sewage is taken out of the district immediately. |
527d6a37-4016-4199-ba3b-6e638bbc996a | Under Section 33, the London County Council received into its sewers all the sewage up to an average of 50 gallons per head of the population per day. Under Section 21 of the Act, the Acton Council is empowered to send flood water after proper treatment into the River Thames. The storm-water is treated at Acton in the filter beds provided for the purpose. No storm water is to be passed untreated to the Thames except when the total flow from the district into the London sewers and to the sewage disposal works of the Council is at a rate exceeding one hundred and seventy-five gallons per head per day of the approximate population for the time being of the district. The storm overflows came into action 17 times during the year 1910. REFUSE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL. The whole of the refuse of the district is collected by direct labour once in each week, including trade refuse up to half-aload from each building. |
1922591f-b944-401a-a8c6-1a662634e64f | The refuse has to be stored by the 50 householder in a sanitary dust bin in an easily accessible position and is collected during the day. The quantity of refuse collected varies considerably, the minimum being in the summer, when on some days (excluding Saturdays) only 22 tons have been collected, whilst in the winter as many as 65 tons have been collected in one day. From 1st of January to 31st December, 1910, 11,120 tons of refuse have been collected. The nature of the refuse also varies considerably. In the summer its calorific value is very poor, as it consists chiefly of garden refuse, but in the winter this is somewhat improved, owing to the refuse containing a large percentage of ashes. When a test was carried out to ascertain the calorific value of the refuse, it was found that 1-lb. of refuse evaporated 1.25-lbs. of water. |
d8e27345-c25d-4571-9122-35d323b30282 | The whole of the refuse is carted to the Council's Destructor where it is tipped into large covered storage bins prior to its being destroyed by burning. The temperature of the gases in the combustion chamber has been found to be 2090° Fah. After burniug there is a residue of clinker amounting to about 25%°' the original bulk, this clinker is either crushed in a crushing machine for concrete or slab making purposes, or it is used uncrushed for hardcore. At present the steam generated is used for driving the engines, pumps and clinker crushing plant; it is also used for heating the Isolation Hospital, being conveyed there by means of a 3-in. main 900 feet long. HOUSE-TO-HOUSE INSPECTION. |
8708625d-2e12-46d0-a4a2-5c549c6b15e7 | Under Section 17 of the Housing and Town Planning Act of 1909, it shall be the duty of every local authority within the meaning of Part II of the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, to cause to be made from time to time inspection of their district, with a view to ascertain whether any dwelling house 51 therein is in such a state so dangerous or injurious to health as to be unfit for human habitation, and that for that purpose it shall be the duty of the local authority, and of every officer of the local authority, to comply with such regulations and to keep such records as may be prescribed by the Local Government Board. |
b5124aa1-4ddf-47a3-8066-f459f15aebab | The Housing (Inspection of District) Regulations were issued in September, 1910, and a copy was sent to each member of the Council, Under Article I of the regulations, the local authority shall as early as practicable, take into consideration the provision of Section 17 of the Act of 1909, and shall determine the proceedings to be adopted under the regulations to give effect to the requirements of that sub-section in regard to the inspection of their district from time to time, Prior to the issue of these Regulations the question of the enhanced death rate in the South-West Ward had been before the Council on various occasions. The chief features in the high mortality have been discussed in successive Aunual Reports. Until the latter part of 1909 circumstances have militated against any systematic inspection of the Ward. In 1908 Mr. Thomas was appointed as Temporary Inspector to carry out house-to-house inspection of the Ward. Directly Mr. Thomas was appointed, Mr. |
f109be35-d7c3-4957-a5bb-ee1c274ced15 | Eearns was incapacitated by ill-health from carrying out his duties and Mr. Thomas was appointed to the post held by Mr. Fearns. In the autumn of 1909, owing to a re-arrangement in the staff of the Surveyor's department, Mr. Brooks was appointed to carry out house-to-house inspection. The two district inspectors also systematically inspect when their other work permits. The number of houses inspected each month is laid before the Health Committee, together with the principal defects found. Under Article 3 of the Regulations, the Local Authority shall cause to be prepared from time to time by the Medical Officer of Health, or by an officer designated by them but 52 acting under his direction and supervision, a list or lists of dwelling houses the early inspection of which is, in the opinion of the Medical Officer of Health, desirable. It is purposed early every year to draw up a list of houses which have shown an excessive mortality and a high infantile mortality in the previous year. |
22d6ac09-7fe6-4103-b042-f2705ff38676 | To this list would be added, from time to time, other streets; for example, those which show an excessive incidence of infectious disease. Last year a report was made to the July Health Committee giving the streets in which the mortality was excessive. A table is prepared showing the streets which had a persistently high death rate, and the average death rate in each street during the four years 1906, 1907, 1908 and 1909. The death rate in these streets in 1910 is also given. This period was taken for two reasons. Prior to 1905, the deaths of residents which occurred in Public Institutions outside the district were not included in the death returns. The " outside " deaths profoundly affect the death rate of some localities. For instance, out of the 33 deaths which belonged to Shaftesbury Road, only 20 occurred in the district. The remaining 13 occurred in Public Institutions outside the district. |
ce47a121-5eee-475b-b27d-789f8af9669f | In 1906, the district was subdivided into four wards, and the boundaries of the wards remained unaltered until the end of 1909. The death rates of the several wards in the four years can thus be compared. A table is inserted showing the deathrate in the whole district and in each ward for the four years 1906, 1907, 1908 and 1909. Although the figures have not previously been worked out as rates per 1000 inhabitants, it is interesting to note that, with few exceptions, all the premises included in the table have received particular attention, and these streets had already been singled out, and a house-to-house inspection made in them. In those which had recently been inspected, the death-rate is based 53 upon the actual number of occupiers as ascertained at the inspection. |
d8a3e295-2a2e-431b-b6f6-9727363a0391 | In others, where the actual number of occupants had not been ascertained, or where an interval having elapsed, the figures had become unreliable, an average of 7 occupants per house has been allowed. This is higher than the average for the district, which at the Census of 1901 was 6.2; but in most of the premises now under consideration, the houses are let out into tenements. Enfield Road and the Steyne are probably expections, and the average number of occupiers to each house in Enfield Road was four. In Petersfield Road, on the other hand, the average was 8.4, and in Junction Road 11.5. The percentage of overcrowded houses in these two latter streets was abnormal. Leythe Road and Somerset Road may be taken as being near the normal; in the former the average was 6.8, and in the latter 7. |
9270411a-8876-4559-8f45-3adfcf127a98 | The streets included in the Table have been those which had an average annual death-rate for the four years of 20 per 1000 or over, 18 of the streets are situated in the South-West Ward, 5 in the South-East, 2 in the North West and 1 in the North East. Gloucester Road is in the North East Ward, Berrymead Gardens and the Steyne are in the North West, and Priory Road, Saville Road, Beaconsfield Road, Berrymede Road and Somerset Road are in the South East Ward. All the streets present features somewhat similar to each other, and they approximate more in their character to the conditions which obtain in the South West Ward, than to those of the other wards. |
47e71b3c-b902-4994-8fb0-4120a34e4943 | The age distribution of the population, for instance, is probably different to that of the North East, North West and South East Wards, and it would be fairer to compare 54 the mortality in these streets with that of the South West ward than with that of the other wards. It may be possible after the Census to obtain a comparative mortality table for each ward. Of the conditions found on inspection, it seems probable that overcrowding is the one that affects most materially the mortality. In most of the premises inspected some sanitary defect was found. Leythe Road and Enfield Road contained the highest percentage of houses in which no sanitary defect was found. Leythe Road consists of 45 houses with a population at the time of inspection of 185 adults and 123 children. |
27f00bbf-3030-460e-94e7-ef6ca1ad68b7 | In three of the houses there were no sanitary defects and in a large number of the others, the defects were not of a serious nature, Enfield Road consists of 31 houses and the number of occupiers was ascertained to be 129—87 adults and 42 children. In 16 of the houses there were numerous defects and in 12 others there were slight ones. In neither of these streets was there a case of overcrowding In Enfield Road the average number of occupants per house was a little over four ; and in Leythe Road although most of the houses are devided into tenements, the average was under seven persons per house. Junction Road, on the other hand, had an average of 11.5 per house. This street consists of 12 houses, 11 of which were occupied at the time of inspection. The occupiers numbered 126—95 adults and 31 children, In three of the houses there was overcrowding. |
b8c78696-835c-4150-8f3b-0637bafc4181 | It should be explained that overcrowding is a term having many definitions and standards, but it is customary to accept a standard of cubic space in regard to it. In practice the 55 standard laid down in the Bye-laws for houses let in lodgings is usually accepted, namely 400 cubic feet per adult in rooms used for both living and sleeping, and 300 cubic feet for rooms used for sleeping only, with half these amounts for every child under 12 years of age. Petersfield Road consists of 53 houses, but almost every house is sublet into two tenements. At the first inspection of this street, 16 houses were overcrowded ; on re-inspection, the number was reduced to four. The population of the street consisted of 279 adults and 169 children, or an average of 8'4 per house. St. Margaret's Terrace consists of 17 houses, three of which were overcrowded. All Saints' Eoad consists of 17 dwelling houses and three laundries. |
fc471167-1d26-43bf-8e93-b18dc35c66dd | Five of the dwelling houses were overcrowded. The number of occupants was ascertained to be 75 adults and 52 children. All these streets are in the South West Ward, but the conditions are somewhat similar in those streets inspected and situated in the other wards. Somerset Road, for instance, consists of 74 houses, with a population of 300 aduts and 210 children. Almost every house is sublet into two tenements, and three cases of overcrowding were detected. Shaftesbury Road contains a number of Common Lodging Houses, and of the 33 deaths belonging to this street, 13 occurred in public institutions outside the district. Most of these were persons who had been removed to the Infirmary from a Common Lodging House. 56 Table giving total number of deaths and the average death rate per 1,000 inhabitants for the years 1906—1909:— Streets. Number of Deaths. Death Rate. |
584dc484-f651-471b-b495-003bd9a13117 | Gloucester Road 16 20 Mills Row 10 20 Priory Road 24 20 Bollo Lane 40 21 Steele Road 10 21 Leythe Road 23 22 Colville Road 71 22 Saville Road 17 23 Enfield Road 16 23 Beacon sfield Road 30 23 Berrymead Gardens 45 23 The Steyne 56 23 St. |
d8ad2ce9-1c43-474d-a796-dc7e008a9f32 | Margaret's Terrace 20 23 All Saints' Road 18 26 Stanley Road 36 27 Osborne Road 81 27 Somerset Road 57 28 Palmerston Road 35 28 Hanbury Road 39 28 Petersfield Road 51 28 Stirling Road 60 29 Seymour Road 33 30 Berrymede Road 35 30 Holland Terrace 22 30 Shaftesbury Road 33 37 Junction Road 20 40 Death rates per 1,000 inhabitants in the whole district, and in each Ward for the years 1906, 1907, 1908 and 1909. 1906 1907 1908 1909 Acton 13.2 13.9 13.1 12.6 North-East Ward 10.5 11.3 10.3 8.5 North-West Ward 12.3 9.1 10.3 9.7 South-East Ward 11. |
51ba29d4-e632-403c-bec4-ab7763cb53d9 | 10.9 10.3 11.4 South-West Ward 17.2 20.4 18.3 19.1 Although it would be misleading to compare the death rate for 1910 in each street with the average death rate for the four years 1906—1909, it may be of interest if the number of deaths in these streets in 1910 were given. 57 The deaths for 1910 were as follows :— Gloucester Road 5 Mills Row 0 Priory Road 6 Bollo Lane 9 Steele Road 3 Leythe Road 5 Colville Road 13 Saville Road 5 Enfield Road 1 Beaconsfield Road 5 Berrymead Gardens 11 The Steyne 16 St. |
5b30a1f2-e6da-4963-838a-eafa465e2e28 | Margaret's Terrace 3 All Saints' Road 7 Stanley Road 4 Osborne Road 15 Somerset Road 6 Palmerston Road 9 Hanbury Road 8 Petersfield Road 11 Stirling Road 15 Seymour Road 5 Berrymede Road 9 Holland Terrace 4 Shaftesbury Road 10 Junction Road 4 It is as yet too early to guage the effect of inspection on these streets, but there is less liability to error if we compare the aggregate death-rate for the four years 1906-1909, with that for 1910. The estimated population of these streets is 9,184. The average death rate for the period 1906-1909 was 23-8, whilst the death rate in 1910 was 19 4. During the year the following houses were represented as unfit for human habitation :— Nos. 1—20 Mills Eow. |
7b440f48-cf7a-4cfb-9493-bf54702f371a | Mills Row is a cul-de-sac, leading out of, and running at right angles to Mills Cottages. 58 The water supply of the houses was derived from four taps. Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 have two rooms each, together with a leanto structure at the rear of the house. In some of the houses, this structure was used as a sleeping apartment. The height of the living room is 7 feet 6 inches, and of the bedroom 6 feet 6 inches. The houses were generally in a bad state of repair, the floors, stairs, windows and rain water pipes being more or less dilapidated. The walls were damp, and the brickwork of the rear walls was specially defective. Nos. 5—20 were larger houses and each consisted of a living room and scullery downstairs and two rooms upstairs. |
1bbdf8f9-9e8d-4e2f-9f88-517fdd600b10 | The living room and scullery, and the front bedrooms are the same height as, and correspond almost exactly to, the rooms of Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4. In Nos. 5—20, the walls of the scullery had been raised about three feet and thus a small room had been formed over the scullery. This room was occupied in all the houses as a bedroom, but its maximum height was 6ft. 6ins., and it sloped down to a height of 3ft. 4in. All the woodwork was decayed, consequently the windows, floors, doors and staircases were in a bad state of repair. In some instances the windows would not open. The floors and walls of the scullery were damp, owing partly to the fact that the scullery floor was lower than the ground at the rear. |
a3f5849f-d552-4360-8ec4-48ec1f2a1e3c | In some of the houses the floor of the living room was lower than the level of the ground in front of the houses. Notices were served upon the owners and extensive work was carried out which almost completely altered the character of the premises. 59 Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, Mill Hill Cottages, Mill Hill Grove. These were closed by the owners and demolished. Nos. 18, 20, 22 and 24, Steyne Road. These were also closed and demolished by the owners. Elm Cottages. This property consists of a row of four cottages leading out of East Acton Lane. The houses were formerly part of the out-buildings of the farm, but have been converted into dwelling houses. The houses were closed by the owners. Nos. 29, 30 and 31, Holland Terkace. These houses were in a dangerous condition, and the walls of No. |
efeeb027-e299-413f-a9bc-39db0d5d20ae | 31 were held up by raking shores. They were closed by the owner. Nos. 3, 4, 5 and 6, Narrow Street. These houses consisted of two rooms each. They had no through ventilation and generally in a bad state of repair. Extensive structural work was carried out, and the ventilation was improved by the conversion of four houses into three, and putting windows in the back walls of Nos. 5 and 6. The following table gives the streets inspected in 1910, together with the chief sanitary defects found as a result of the inspections. It will be observed that some of the streets have been comparatively recently erected, and yet the percentage of sanitary defects in these houses is almost as high as in the older property. Some of the streets would bear very frequent inspection, and an infringement of sanitary requirements would be found on each occasion. Junction Road was inspected early in the year, and notices were served for the abatement of the nuisances found. |
5ba32308-f326-4296-9942-8ab616a0cbad | Within a few months a case of infectious disease occurred in one of the houses, when the house was found to be overcrowded. HOUSE - TO - HOUSE INSPECTION, 1910. Nature of Sanitary Defect Enfield Road Hanbury Road Shaftesbury Road Mills Row and Cottages Fletcher Road Stanley Road Junction Road Packington Road Bollo Bridge Road (portion) Priory Road Saville Road Railway Cottages (portion) Stirling Road Colville Road Roslin Road Grove Road Seymour Road Bollo Lane Myrtle Road Carlton Road Florence Road Palmerston Road Berrymede Road Steele Road Park Rd. North (east side) All Saints' Road Houses Inspected 28 37 26 25 53 50 13 42 99 46 26 66 62 79 6 43 33 77 48 30 29 40 45 18 36 23 1080 Number Overcrowded – – – 7 – – – – – – – – – – – |
82c8cdc7-a853-41e2-91b1-a372760cc943 | – – – – 2 – – – – – 5 17 Defects of Drainage System 11 27 15 – 13 36 10 20 37 9 8 11 48 35 – 29 20 60 29 14 12 25 16 4 18 12 589 Defective or want of Yard Paving 7 13 10 1 3 12 17 6 9 16 12 4 - 21 35 2 15 13 36 22 13 5 4 11 6 12 5 309 Defective w.c.'s (including appliances) 3 8 2 9 2 15 — 10 14 11 4 8 16 31 24 26 23 13 9 9 5 8 2 13 14 279 Untrapped R.W. Pipes — 14 2 3 |
7740f27e-006c-4a30-8a16-f0fefbdec2d4 | 2 4 — 3 15 5 5 80 16 32 8 12 14 10 16 2 — 6 8 6 5 6 274 Dampness 2 1 2 16 3 3 — 2 9 4 48 5 11 – 3 10 16 2 3 1 3 2 4 7 — 157 Dirty Walls and Ceilings of Rooms 1 6 3 96 – – — 1 40 33 6 151 88 101 6 11 42 88 11 21 6 10 11 3 31 16 846 Defects of Drinking Water Storage 7 23 2 — 6 11 — 11 6 4 – 42 47 4 4 5 27 3 — — 3 6 1 8 14 233 Defective Sinks and Waste Pipes |
1326248a-4d3e-450e-a956-f77726c15643 | 12 8 18 — — 14 1 9 26 18 3 1 34 15 — 27 23 78 34 2 — 7 16 6 11 5 365 60 61 COMMON LODGING HOUSES. There is only one common lodging house in the district. Two common lodging houses were discontinued during the year. CERTIFICATE FOE EXEMPTION FROM INHABITED HOUSE DUTY. |
64667d4a-c903-4c1d-8ae5-06d736117f2b | Section 22 (subsection 2) of the Customs and Inland Revenue Act, 1890, reads: The assessment to inhabitated house duty originally built or adapted by additions or alterations and used for the sole purpose of providing separate dwellings for persons not exceeding for each dwelling the rate of seven shillings and sixpence a week, and occupied only by persons paying such rents, shall be discharged by the said Commissioners provided that a certificate of a Medical Officer of Health for the district in which the house is situate, shall be produced to them to the effect that the house is so constructed as to afford suitable accommodation for each of the families or persons inhabiting it, and that due provision is made for their sanitary requirements. |
19f58bec-f350-4dc5-9d80-5870fdc90e97 | The Medical Officer of Health of a district on request by the person who would be liable to pay the bouse duty on any house in the district, shall examine the house for the purpose of ascertaining whether such a certificate can properly be given, and if the house be constructed so as to afford such accommodation and due provision be made as aforesaid shall certify the same accordingly. Applications were received under the above section in respect of 92 houses. Certificates of exemption were signed for 69 houses and refused for 23. ISOLATION HOSPITAL. During the year 172 patients were admitted. On January 1st, 1910, there were 48 patients under treatment, and on January 1st, 1911, 21. During the year 194 patients were discharged and there were 5 deaths. 62 Diphtheria. 77 cases of Diphtheria were admitted and there were 4 deaths. Scarlet Eever. |
75c7abcc-72c3-4b5a-bf84-832294077880 | 90 cases of Scarlet Fever were admitted and there was one death. There was one "return" case. A child, R.M., was removed to the Hospital on July 23rd and discharged on September 14th. On October 5th, his sister was notified as suffering from Scarlet Fever. * Typhoid Fever. Five cases of Typhoid Fever were admitted and there was no death. One of the nurses at the Hospital also contracted Typhoid Fever. A tender for the erection of an additional pavilion has been accepted and building operations were commenced early in 1911. FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS. The number of workshops on the register at the end of 1910 was 417. The inspection of Factories comes mainly within the province of H.M. Inspector of Factories. The enforcement of Section 22 of the Public Health Amendment Act, 1890, is entrusted to the local sanitary authority. Where any sanitary defect is discovered by H.M. |
f2f5a910-41db-48bb-9bde-813ba10bfecb | Inspector in a Factory, which is remediable under the law relating to public health, and not under the Factory and Workshops Acts, he informs the Council of the defect, and it is the duty of the Council to arrange for the remedy of the defect. Fifteen such references from H.M. Inspector were received during, the year. 63 Four hundred and forty three inspections were made during the year, and two hundred and forty two written notices were served upon the owners or occupiers of Factories and Workshops. It will be observed from Table 2, that the amount of work done in respect of Workshops has increased considerably during the year. This is due to two causes. All the Workshops were visited. In addition, in the case of Workshops situated in streets where a house-to-house inspection was being made, a thorough inspection was also made of the Workshop. From Table 2, it will be seen that 511 defects were found and remedied. |
4bbc151e-8e47-4df5-87d6-14f2f3df298f | The number of dressmaking workshops on the register is reduced from 54 to 34. When the inspection was made, some of the occupiers had removed, the new address had not yet been traced, and the workshop registered at the old address was removed from the register. 221 inspections were made of outworkers' premises. In ten instances the work was carried on in unwholesome premises, and in seven instances in infected premises. In conclusion, I have to thank the Staff of the Health Department for their co-operation during the year, and for their assistance in the compilation of the different tables. As in former years, the County Council Tables have been compiled entirely by Mr. Kinch. The accuracy of the County Council and Home Offices Tables depends upon the excellent system upon which the records are being kept in the Sanitary Inspector's Office. I remain, Your obedient Servant, D. J. THOMAS. 64 TABLE 1. |
3cacaff2-2024-4d4a-9537-81236149a76b | VITAL STATISTICS OF WHOLE DISTRICT DURING 1910 AND PREVIOUS YEARS. Year. Population estimated to Middle of each Year. Births. Total Deaths Registered in the District. Total Deaths in Public Institutions in the District. Deaths of Non-Residents registered in Public Institutions in the District Deaths of Residents registered in Public Institutions beyond the District Nett Deaths at all Ages belonging to the District. Under 1 Year of Age. At all Ages. No. Rate.* No. Rate per 1,000 Births registered. No. Rate* No. Rate.* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1900 36,508 1,080 29.5 182 168 528 14.4 15 . . . . 1901 38,373 1.211 31.5 206 170 519 13. |
4d3bf104-0ec3-4e24-928e-28e2a311129f | 5 6 . . . . 1902 41,000 1,242 30.3 186 150 593 14.4 12 . . . . 1903 43,802 1,422 324 150 105 430 9.8 8 . . . . 1904 46,780 1,450 30 207 143 576 12.3 9 . . . . 1905 50,000 1,527 30.5 162 106 537 10.7 27 1 92 628 12.5 1906 52,000 1,533 29.4 193 125 597 11.5 29 7 97 687 13.2 1907 53,000 1,535 29 183 119 605 11.4 25 8 140 737 13.9 1908 55,000 1, |
cc1962dd-6d80-42b8-b440-873f4470c085 | 568 28.5 174 111 592 10.7 31 1 133 724 13.1 1909 56,000 1,480 26.4 146 98 575 10.3 43 1 137 708 12.6 Averages for j yrs1900-1909 47,246.3 14,048 29.7 1789 127 5,552 11.75 205 1910 57,000 1,475 25 9 139 94 503 8.8 28 2 116 623 10.9 * Rates in Columns 4 and 8 should be calculated per 1,000 of the estimated gross population. Total population at all ages, 37.744. Number of inhabited houses, 6,114. Average number of persons per house, 6.2. |
e68f65f7-9754-4d41-8365-959437d556ce | Area of District in Acres (exclusive of area covered by water), 2,304. 65 TABLE 2. VITAL STATISTICS OF SEPARATE LOCALITIES IN 1910 AND PREVIOUS YEARS. ACTON. 1906. 1907. 1908. 1909. Population estimated to middle of each year 52,000 53,000 55,000 56,000 57,000 Births registered 1,533 1,535 1,568 1,480 1,475 Deaths at all Ages 687 737 724 708 623 Deaths under 1 year 201 200 188 158 151 NORTH EAST WARD. |
d1f025a9-5cd2-4ae6-927a-5bdf3e202980 | Population estimated to middle of each year 13,000 13,500 14,000 14,500 15,000 Births registered 325 331 363 331 318 Deaths at all Ages 137 153 145 124 132 Deaths under 1 year 32 31 30 19 20 NORTH-WEST WARD. Population estimat«d to middle of each year 11,000 11,500 12,000 12,500 13,000 Births registered 229 213 215 220 219 Deaths at all Ages 135 105 124 122 125 Deaths under 1 year 34 23 26 11 21 SOUTH-EAST WARD. |
b0319179-10d7-4a65-be43-216d453ebe9f | Population estimated to middle of each year 11,000 11,000 12,000 12,000 15,000 Births registered 255 320 328 294 381 Deaths at all Ages 122 120 124 137 149 Deaths under 1 year 28 32 29 37 33 SOUTH-WEST WARD. Population estimated to middle of each year 17,000 17,000 17,000 17,000 14,000 Births registered 724 671 662 635 559 Deaths at all ages 293 347 331 325 217 Deaths under 1 year 107 114 103 91 77 66 TABLE 3. CASES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE NOTIFIED DURING THE YEAR 1910. Notifiable Disease Cases notified in whole District. Total cases notified in each ward. Number of cases removed to Hospital from each Ward. At all Ages At Ages—Years. i North-East. |
8623ef2e-5c63-470f-884f-42635fa70751 | North-West South-East South-West North-East North-West South-East South-West Total cases removed to Hospital. Under 1 to 5. 5 to 15 15 to 25 25 to 65 65 & upwards Small-pox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cholera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diphtheria (including Membranous croup 118 . 36 72 7 3 . 31 20 30 34 21 9 19 38 90 Erysipelas 30 . 2 3 4 17 4 9 3 8 10 . . . . . Scarlet Fever 109 1 20 73 8 7 . 38 12 23 36 26 8 12 31 77 Typhus Fever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Enteric Fever 16 . |
3985e452-4cf6-4e6c-9599-960bc51be042 | 2 5 4 5 . 3 . 3 10 2 . 2 8 12 Relapsing Fever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Continued Fever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Puerperal Fever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plague . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tuberculosis 70 1 . 4 8 56 1 13 7 20 30 . . . . . Totals 343 2 60 157 31 88 5 97 42 84 120 52 17 33 77 179 Isolation Hospital Name and Situation Friakrs Place. Total available beds, 3S. Number of Diseases that can be concurrently treated, 3 67 TABLE 4. CAUSES OF. |
3315ce85-370b-434a-864c-643343f6295e | AND AGES AT, DEATH DURING YEAR, 1910. Causes of Deaths Deaths at the subjoined ages of "Residents" whether occurring in or beyond the District. Deaths at all ages of " Residents " belonging to Localities, whether occurring in or beyond the District Total Deaths whether of "Residents" or " NonResi dents''in Public Institutions in the District. All Ages. Under 1 year. 1 and under 5. 5 and under 15 15 and under 25 25 and under 65. 65 and upwards. North-East' Ward. N'th-West Ward. Soutli-East Ward. S'th-West Ward. Small-pox — — — — — — - - - - - - Measles 1 — 1 — — — — — 1 — - - Scarlet fever 2 — 1 1 — — — 1 - 1 - 1 Whooping-cough 20 9 10 1 — |
24af1d8f-4644-4787-9fcd-f30dc8150c9a | — — 3 1 4 12 - Diphtheria (including Membranous croup) 9 - 5 4 2 2 4 1 5 Croup - - - - - - - - - - - - Fever—Typhus - - - - - - - - - - - - Enteric 2 — — — 1 1 — — - — 2 - Other continued — — — — — — — — — — - Epidemic influenza 6 — — 1 — 4 1 1 1 3 1 — Cholera - - - - - - - - - - - - Plague - - - - - - - - - - - - Diarrhoea 20 18 2 — — — — 2 3 4 11 — Enteritis 7 6 1 — — — — — 1 2 4 3 Gastritis 2 1 — — — — 1 1 - — |
4938a8a6-5a49-437b-9273-84161c7bd496 | 1 — Puerperal Fever 1 — — — — 1 — 1 - — — - Erysipelas — — — — — — — — - - — - Phthisis (Pulmonary Tuberculosis) 43 1 1 7 32 2 8 7 10 18 17 Other Tuberculous diseases 9 5 3 1 — — — 3 — 3 3 3 Cancer, maglignant disease 52 - 28 24 14 12 15 11 17 Bronchitis 61 15 6 — — 17 23 16 8 16 21 7 Pneumonia 52 16 15 3 1 8 9 8 9 11 24 10 Pleurisy 2 — — — — 2 — 1 1 — — 1 Other diseases of Respiratory Organs 16 5 3 - - 4 4 2 4 |
2bc71581-7138-4d49-8a0b-652c25bfc130 | 5 5 2 Alcoholism— Cirrhosis of Liver 10 — — — — 9 1 2 2 5 1 3 Venereal Diseases 1 1 — — — — — 1 — — — — Premature birth 31 31 - - - - - 3 8 8 12 — Diseases and accidents of parturition 3 3 - — 1 1 1 — Heart diseases 50 1 — 4 4 24 17 13 12 10 15 7 Accidents 11 1 3 — — 6 1 3 1 1 6 8 Suicides 5 — — — 1 4 — — — 2 3 2 All other causes 207 42 4 2 3 63 93 47 51 44 65 58 All causes 623 151 55 18 20 203 176 132 125 149 217 144 |
b565ce42-9c5a-4f31-9422-9b6c74c98991 | 68 TABLE 5. INFANTILE MORTALITY Deaths from stated causes in Weeks Cause of Death. Under 1 week 1 -2 weeks. 2-3 weeks. 3-4 weeks. Total under \ 1 month. 1-2 months. Common Infectious Diseases Small-pox ... ... ... ... ... ... Chicken-pox. . . . . . Measles . . . . . . Scarlet Fever . . . . . . Diphtheria (including Membranous Croup) . . . . . . Whooping Cough . . . . . 1 Diarrhœal Diseases Diarrhœa, all forms . . . 1 1 2 Enteritis-Muco-enteritis, Gastro-enteritis . . . . . . Gastritis, intestinal Catarrh . . 1 . 1 . |
af6f9865-3d8b-494e-b6c3-7f76377d18f3 | Wasting Diseases Premature Birth 18 2 4 1 25 1 Congenital Defects 5 1 . . 6 . Injury at Birth 3 . . . 3 . Want of Breast-milk, Starvation . 1 . . 1 3 Atrophy, Debility, Marasmus 4 2 2 . 8 1 Tuberculous Diseases Tuberculous Meningitis . . . . . . Tuberculous Peritonitis: Tabes Mesenterica . . . . . . Other Tuberculous Diseases . . . . . . Other causes Erysipelas . . . . . . Syphilis . . . . . . Rickets . . . . . . Meningitis (not Tuberculosis) 1 . . . 1 . Convulsions 2 . . . 2 . Bronchitis 2 . 2 . 4 . Laryngitis . . . 1 1 . Pneumonia . 1 1 . |
229b309e-73d8-43d6-8651-75a50892f5e2 | 2 1 Suffocation,overlying Other causes . 2 . . . 1 . . . 3 . . 37 7 11 3 58 9 Population estimated to middle of 1010. 57.000. Births in the year legitimate, 1441 illegitimate, 36 69 DURING THE YEAR, 1910. and Months under One Year of age. 2-3 months. 3-4 months. 4-5 months. 5 6 months. 6-7 months. 7-8 months 8-9 months. 9-10 months. 10-11 months 11-12 months Total Deaths under One Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 . . 4 . |
40151e5c-3932-4556-9cbe-ffa80935027d | 1 . . 9 . 5 . 1 3 . 3 1 . 2 18 1 . 1 . 2 . 1 . . . 5 1 . 1 . . . . . . . 2 4 . . . 1 . . . . . 31 . . 1 . . . . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . 3 . 1 l . . . . . . . 6 1 . 2 1 2 . 1 . 1 1 18 . . . 1 . . . . 1 . 2 . . . . . . . . 1 . 1 . . . . . . 2 . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . |
22f38474-889c-415e-a370-3463b3202b7e | 2 2 1 . . . . . 1 . . 6 1 . 5 1 1 . . . 1 3 15 2 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 . 1 1 16 1 . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . l 4 14 9 13 5 11 7 8 3 6 8 151 Deaths in the year of legitimate infants, 138. illegitimate infants, 13 Deaths from all Causes at all Ages, 623. 70 TABLE 6. INFANTILE MORTALITY. Ward Distribution. North East North West South East South West Total Whooping Cough 3 . 2 4 9 Diarrhoea 1 3 3 11 18 Enteritis . . . 5 5 Gastritis . . |
1b03acc8-8098-4de9-8720-1c74953457e5 | 1 1 2 Prematurity 2 7 10 12 31 Congenital Defects 1 . 4 2 7 Injury at Birth . . 1 1 2 Want of Breast-Milk, Starvation . 2 . 4 6 Atrophy, Debility, Marasmus 3 . 1 13 17 Tuberculous Meningitis 1 . . 1 2 Tuberculous Peritonitis, Tabes Mesenterica 1 . . 1 2 Other Tuberculous Diseases . . . 2 2 Syphilis 1 . . . 1 Meningitis (not Tuberculous) . . 1 1 2 Convulsions . 2 2 2 6 Bronchitis 5 2 1 7 15 Laryngitis 1 . . 1 2 Pneumonia 1 4 4 7 16 Suffocation (overlaying) . . . |
0b5baa64-12a4-40fa-8344-101fe25fd617 | 1 1 2 Other Causes . 1 2 1 4 Totals 20 21 33 77 151 FACTORIES, WORKSHOPS, WORKPLACES AND HOMEWORK. 1.—Inspection of Factories, Workshops and Workplaces Including Inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors or Inspectors of Nuisances. Premises. Inspections. Written Notices Factories (including Factory Laundries) 161 52 Workshops (including Workshop Laundries) 264 186 Workplaces (Other than outworkers premises included in Part 3 of this Report) 18 4. (Prosecutions—Nil). Total 443 242 2.—Defects Fodnd. Found. Remedied Referred to h.m.] Inspector. |
44c7af84-4aff-401d-ae8c-ada208971652 | Nuisances under the Public Health Acts :— Want of cleanliness 46 46 — Want of ventilation 25 25 — Overcrowding 1 1 — Want of drainage of floors 12 12 — Other nuisances 308 308 — Sanitary accommodations insufficient 18 18 1 unsuitable or defective. 99 99 1 not separate for sexes 2 2 — (Prosecutions—Nil), Total 511 511 2 71 3.—home work. Outworkers' Lists, Sections 107, 108. 109 & 110. nature of work. Section 107. Inspections of | Outworkers' premises Sec. 108 Sees. |
86f6df7e-2c0d-4a1e-9838-bf745c20c90f | 109, 110 Twice Yearly Once Yearly Outworkers received from other Councils Outw'k'rs forwaided to other Councils Notices served on occupiers as to keeping or sending lists Unwholesome Premises, instances Unwholesome Premises, Notices served Infected Premises Instances Lists Outworkers, Contractors Outworkers, Workmen 1 Lists 1 Outworkers Contractors Outworkers' Workmen Wearing Apparel— (1) making. &c. |
4c1c2ee7-1ab1-4469-9f91-97b16784bb79 | ... ... ... ... ... ... 39 ... ... 39 1 1 ... (2) cleaning and washing 24 12 30 25 21 27 ... ... 31 57 5 5 7 Lace, lace curtains and nets ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 ... ... 3 ... ... ... Brush making 2 ... 10 ... ... ... ... 3 ... 10 ... ... ... Stuffed toys 2 ... 128 ... ... ... ... 16 ... 112 4 4 2 Total 28 12 168 25 21 27 4.2 19 34 221 10 10 9 4—registered workshops. Workshops on the Register (s. 131) at the end of the year— Laundries 291 Dressmaking 34 Millinery 3 Tailoring 7 Bakehouses 29 Others 53 Total number of worksheps on Register 417 5—other matters. Matters notified to H.M. |
413ade0d-1f8d-4079-ae27-b78877778827 | Inspector of Factories— Failure to affix Abstract of the Factory and Workshop Act (s. 133) 16 Action taken in matters referred by H.M. Inspector as remediable under the Public Health Acts, but not under the Factory and Workshop Act (s. 5) fNotifi;d by H.M. Inspector 15 | Reports (of action taken) sent to H.M. Inspector. 15 Underground Bakehouses (s. 101) — In use at the end of the year . 8 Your obedient servant. D.J.THOMAS. 72 SANITARY NOTICES. No. of Visits paid to Infected Houses 470 ,. Infected cases removed to Isolation Hospital 168 „ Library Books dealt with after Infectious Disease . |
8778ae17-3353-4409-8526-da05e97fffda | 63 „ Closets disinfected after Enteric 9 ,, Rooms disinfected after Infectious Disease 802 „ „ „ „ Phthisis 34 „ „ stripped and Cleansed after Infectious Disease 147 „ Articles disinfected or destroyed after Infectious Disease and 30 & 40 Phthisis, probably between tons „ Preliminary Notices served 568 „ Statutory Notices served 7402 ,, Letters received 1552 ,, ,, written 1988 Notices recieved from H.M. |
dd4b7e98-b979-42b5-8f87-4a9e134b8047 | Inspector of Factories 15 „ Notifications of Waste of Water sent to Metropolitan Water Board 24 „ Summonses served 4 „ Convictions obtained 3 ,, Complaints received 1201 „ Inspection of Premises on Complaint 2436 „ Re-inspection of Premises 10849 ,, Interviews with Owners or Agents 1811 ,, House to House Inspections 1080 Premises under Periodical Inspection 236 ,, Nuisances reported 4437 ,, „ abated 3964 Inspections of Common Lodging Houses (1 Registered) 165 ,, ,, ,, Van dwellings 41 „ Nuisances from Movable Dwellings, Caravans, &c. 11 ,, Overcrowding Nuisances abated 49 „ Rooms &c., cleansed, repaired, &c 1620 „ Dwelling Houses closed as unfit for Habitation as a result of action under H.W.C. Acts 19 ,, Dwelling Houses re opened after repairs, alterations, &c. |
c9543fa6-d9ab-45cb-abf3-01d2cd90fde3 | 11 ,, ,, „ demolished 8 „ Articles of unsound food seized 1 ,, „ „ , condemned by Magistrates 1 „ „ ,, „ ,, surrendered 13 73 No. of Samples taken by the Local Authority 6 ,, ,, found adulterated — Inspections of Butchers' Shops 267 ,, ,, Fishmongers' Shops 179 ,, ,, Greengrocers' Shops 174 ,, „ Premises where food is manufactured or prepared 64 ,, Dairies 6l Milk Purveyors' Premise (80Registered) 64 ,, ,, Cowsheds (2 Registered) (73 Cows in all) 9 ,, „ Bakehouse (20 Registered) 326 „ Laundries 161 „ Other Workshops 77 ,, Slaughter Houses (3 Licensed) 159 Piggeries 6 „ Offensive Trades (2 Registered) 26 „ „ Mews and Stables 377 ,, ., Public House Urinals, &c. |
a0f3c62b-4e20-4b0b-a9fa-413f5e5488aa | 49 ,, „ Schools 3 „ ,, Show Grounds 25 ,, New Wells sunk 2 Percentage of Houses supplied from Public Water service 100% No. of Cisterns cleansed, repaired, covered. &c., 376 Draw taps placed on Mains 123 Percentage of Houses supplied with Water on constant system 100% No. of Samples of Water obtained for Analysis 1 ,, Drainage examinations under Section 41 6 ,, Drains submitted to Chemical test 150 ,, i, „ ,, Smoke test 140 „ ,. „ Water test 482 „ Re-drainage plans deposited 165 ,, New systems of drainage provided 165 „ W.C's. repaired, supplied with water or otherwise improved 870 Percentage of Houses provided with W C's 100% No. of Drains examined, tested, exposed, &c. 798 ,, „ unstopped, repaired, trapped, &c 1213 Waste pipes, rain water pipes disconnected, repaired, &c. |
a47f7fdf-d0df-4aa3-8947-bce5d4745fc9 | 1485 ., New soil pipes or ventilating shafts fixed 259 „ Existing soil pipes or ventilating shafts repaired 83 „ Disconnecting traps or Chambers inserted 250 74 Percentage of Houses draining into Sewers 100°/o No. of New Dust Bins provided 301 Dust removed from each house Weekly No. of Complaints of non-removal of dust received 1 Method of Disposal of Dust Destructor No.-of Smoke Observations taken 173 „ Smoke Nuisances abated 6 ,, Accumulations of refuse removed 84 ,, Nuisances abated from foul ditches, ponds, &c., and Stagnant Water 7 ,, Nuisances abated from foul pigs and other animals 28 „ „ ,, Dampness 306 ,, Yards repaved or repaired 558 „ Other Nuisances abated 223 Report ON THE Medical Inspection of Schools FOR THE YEAR 1910. 76 The Urban District Council of Acton. To the Chairman and Members of the Education Committee. |
12855943-2a91-4ddc-a473-d315c5505d80 | Ladies and Gentlemen, In accordance with Paragraph 13 of Circular 576 issued by the Board of Education in November, 1907, we beg to submit the following report on the schools and school children under the control of the Local Education Authority. The report deals with the period ending December 31st, 1910. This period has been adopted so as to secure in future reports an effective basis for comparison of the work done in different parts of the country and to correspond with the annual period fixed for the closely related annual report of the Medical Officer of Health. The scope of the report is defined in Circular 596 of the Board of Education, and this report will follow as closely as possible the lines laid down in that circular. As the report is for the information of the Board of Education as well as of the Local Education Authority, statements of local circumstances and conditions are included which may seem superfluous to the latter. |
02a52e78-45f5-4b82-992b-9f219812723d | As regards the scope of the report, the Board consider it desirable that it should cover as much as possible of the ground indicated under the following heads:— (a) Hygienic condition of schools. (b) Description of arrangements for co-ordinating School Medical Service and Public Health Service including (1) Use of Board's schedule. (2) Assistance given by Teachers, Nurses, 77 Attendance Officers, etc. (3) Co-operation of parents. (4) Disturbance of school arrangements. (c) Extent and scope of Medical Inspection during the year. (d) Review of results of Medical Inspection. (e) Relations of home and industrial conditions to health and physical conditions of children. (f) Methods employed or available for the treatment of defects, including work of School Nurses. (g) Review of action taken to detect and prevent the spread of infectious diseases, including closure sf schools or exclusion of children from schools. |
97ec6be5-d4b1-45a9-9a06-14ca084dd0de | (h) Review of methods adopted for dealing with blind, deaf, mentally or physically defective and epileptic children. (i) Review of methods of instruction in personal hygiene and temperance in Public Elementary Schools, including physical or breathing exercises and arrangements for open-air or camp schools. The Urban District Council of Acton has an area of 2,304 acres, and estimated population at the end of June, 1910, of 57,000 inhabitants. The average number of children on the books was 8,997, and the average number of children in attendance throughout the year was 8,122. There are in the district 11 schools and 23 departments. In former reports, a description has been given of all the Council's schools, during 1910 the following improvements have been carried out. 78 Priory Schools. |
eb104565-05e9-4517-9b28-0314ff137ab1 | The old Committee Room at the Priory Offices has been converted into an extra class-room for the Boys department and recognised by the Board of Education as part of the permanent accommodation of the school on the understanding that improved heating and ventilating will be required if it should be found necessary hereafter. During the visit of H.M. Inspector to the Priory Girls' School the observation was made that Room 7 was not well ventilated. This may be accounted for by the fact that the day of the visit was a very wet one with a driving rain so that the windows were not opened. There are six windows in the room, the sashes of which open both at the top and bottom and there is a revolving ventilator in the roof which is in working order. South Acton Schools. In the Infants' department the babies gallery has been removed, and the room converted into a class-room for Standard 1. Beaumont Park Schools. |
0086fe98-5b28-4dee-94a7-9288e8afc51e | While inspecting the school buildings and offices at the above schools it was noticed that there was no ventilating shafts to the drains. During the holidays 6 ventilating shafts and a fresh air inlet have been erected. In the Infants' department the urinal accommodation was too limited, extending only 10 feet. This has been increased by asphalting the walls enclosing the whole of the offices. Central Schools. On examining the offices at the above schools it was found that there was a deposit of soil underneath the seats of the 36 closets. The seats were fixed and could not be cleaned and when flushing took place the water and soil came in contact with the under part of the seats. These have now been altered and re-hung so as to be moveable. 79 In the Infants' department complaints are made of the draughts produced when the lower part of the windows are opened. |
f22a11d2-aea7-4031-a35c-34a40455babd | It is recommended that draught screens of glazed glass be fixed to the bottom sashes of the windows similar to those provided in the new rooms of the other departments. Rothschild Road Sohools. The seats of the 11 closets of this school are of similar pattern as those at the Central School, and are therefore liable to the same risk of fouling. Arrangements have been made to replace the fixed seats by moveable ones. Acton (St. Mary's) Schools. In the Boy's department the S.B. door has been made to open outwards. Turnham Green R. C. School. A scheme is in progress having for its object certain alterations and additions to the above school. There is some difficulty with regard to insufficient playground space in the case of girls and infants in view of the increased number of scholars. 80 TABLE 1 PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS WITHIN THE DISTRICT, TOGETHER WITH ACCOMMODATION. Name of School. |
7c4866a2-7c6e-49cf-8ce6-4fed9f5c9e21 | odation. 1. Acton Boys 164 Girls 129 Infants 142 2. Beaumont Park Boys 635 Girls 590 Infants 499 3. Central Senior 497 Junior 497 Infants 410 4. East Acton Mixed 144 5. Priory Boys 610 Girls 542 Infants 477 6. Rothschild Road Infants 295 7. South Acton Boys 720 Girls 574 Infants 618 8. Southfield Road Senior 419 Junior 381 Infants 400 9. Turnham Green (R.C.) Mixed 275 10. Acton Wells Mixed 1124 Total 10142 81 TABLE 2. Showing the number of children examined classified according to age and sex. No. examined years 12-13 years 13-14 years 14-15 years 15-16 16-17 SENIOR BOYS, 374. |
b9c376f2-8c27-4ab5-9b64-2607dc95c173 | — Acton Boys 17 ... 13 3 1 ... Beaumont Park 106 2 49 55 ... ... Central 93. ... 18 65 10 ... Priory 40 ... 37 2 1 ... South Acton 59 ... 51 7 1 ... Southfield Road 38 ... 31 7 ... ... Turnham Green (R. C.) 11 ... 7 3 1 ... Acton Wells ... 10 ... 5 5 ... ... 374 2 211 147 14 ... SENIOR GIRLS, 201. Acton 6 ... 6 ... ... ... Beaumont Park 19 ... 18 1 ... ... Central 70 ... 15 39 15 1 Priory 37 ... 29 8 ... .... South Acton 37 2 32 3 ... ... Southfield Road 21 ... 19 2 ... ... Turnham Green (R. C.) |
faf0e555-0734-4611-a0a8-a236cdf1cf51 | 11 ... 7 4 ... ... Acton Wells ... ... ... ... ... ...... 201 2 126 57 15 1 No. amined Years of age. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 INFANTS (MALE) 681 Acton 42 ... 18 20 3 1 ... ... ... Beaumont Park 145 3 51 60 22 9 ... ... ... Central 72 12 15 24 13 7 1 ... ... East Acton 25 1 10 5 1 6 ... ... ... Priory 112 20 33 33 20 6 ... 2 ... Rothschild Road 37 ... 4 20 5 8 ... ... ... South Acton 83 13 41 25 4 ... ... ... ... Southfield Road 97 1 5 46 34 9 2 ... ... Turnham Green (R. C.) |
39122a86-3a38-4424-b7c1-25cf1d296a41 | 23 2 4 8 7 2 ... ... ... Acton Wells ... 45 12 12 15 3 3 ... ... ... 681 64 193 256 112 51 3 2 INFANTS (FEMALE) 723 Acton 35 ... 10 16 9 ... ... 1 ... Beaumont Park 105 1 34 54 15 ... ... ... ... Central 99 12 18 32 21 13 3 ... ... East Acton 16 3 5 4 2 1 ... ... ... Priory 115 12 39 40 19 5 ... ... ... Rothschild Road 57 ... 5 32 7 10 3 ... ... South Acton 148 16 54 36 24 13 5 ... ... Southfield Road 89 ... 2 46 29 12 ... ... ... Turnham Green (R. C.) |
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