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5ee0d833-73e5-4fa2-a273-bda63af52285 | Sporadically, cases will be encountered in school children, but 1936 was characterised by a small outbreak of the disease. This outbreak was not confined to Acton, as was seen by the fact that Hammersmith Cleansing Station, to which we had been accustomed to refer our cases for baths and treatment, had to refuse to take them as they had so many of their own to deal with they could not cope with ours. Arrangements were consequently made with another Borough, that of Kensington, and that Borough also at one time warned us that they might have to refuse our cases as they had so many of their own to deal with. In all there were 45 cases of Scabies in school children in Acton in 1936, and 9 relatives of these children, mothers, fathers and older or younger brothers and sisters, had also to be treated before the children were made free from infection. |
5fc05ffe-9f73-4ef3-a6e3-2c3d2ed93761 | Attempts were made to narrow down the field of infection to families, to districts, to schools, but the cases came from every part of the Borough, and 9 schools (19 departments) were affected. The Table below will give an idea of the cases and the schools, departments and number of families affected. School. Department. No. cases. of No. of families affected. |
9838fec5-e1a5-4547-94c0-c645da9062fb | Southfield Infants 1 1 Derwentwater Infants (5) Junior (2) 7 6 Acton Wells Infts (3) Junr (1) Senr(l) 5 2 John Perryn Infts (4) Junr (1) Senr (4) 9 5 Rothschild Infts (3) Jnr (1) 4 3 Priory Infts (2) Jnr (2) Senr (2) 6 5 Berrymede Itifts (1) Girls (3) Boys (3) 7 5 Beaumont Park Infants (3) 3 2 (living in same house) Special School 2 1 119 It was not therefore possible to find a common factor in the schools attended by the infected persons. A review of the Streets in which the affected cases lived at-the time of being treated for Scabies does not throw much more light on the subject. |
c692f9bd-5a30-418f-ac8f-789b3393e2dd | Below is a table of the streets affected, separated into the months at which the cases were affected. Those streets which are near to each other, and where conceivably the children might have infected each other at their play, are bracketed together. January. March April June Greenend Road. Newark Cres. The Fairway Antrobus Rd. Essex Road. Grasmere Av. September. November December Old Oak Com. Lane. Somerset Road. Horn Lane, Shakespeare Road. Colville Road. Faraday Road. Alfred Road. Stirling Road. Stuart Road. Avenue Road. Brassie Avenue. Alfred Road. The Tee. Stirling Road, Avenue Road. Canada Crescent. Avenue Road. |
77f6e2a3-3dd8-411c-ac4b-76c8fbc2d53a | Scabies is communicated from person to person through fairly prolonged contact, as when two people sleep together and the bedclothes have become infected, for the Acarus Scabiei is a slow mover. It is therefore all the more difficult to explain how such a scattered outbreak should occur in the Borough, and simultaneously in other Boroughs. It is important to treat all affected members of a household at the same time or re-infection will occur. In fact one firm which makes preparations for home treatment of Scabies advises that all members of the household should be treated at the same time, whether infected or not. 120 TABLE SHOWING THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN ATTENDING ACTON SCHOOLS EMPLOYED IN THE VARIOUS REGISTERED OCCUPATIONS ON 31st DECEMBER, 1936. SCHOOL. Delivering Newspapers. Delivering milk. Delivering goods or parcels. Totals. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. |
ef475166-43ec-4a8c-9dbf-2865517e949a | Boys. Girls. Acton Wells 3 β 1 β 1 β 5 β Beaumont Park β β β β β β β β Central β β β β 2 β 2 β County 2 β β β 1 β 3 β John Perryn 1 β 3 β 2 β 6 β Priory 15 β 1 β 8 β 24 β Roman Catholic 1 β β β β β 1 β Southfield 6 β 2 β β β 8 Totals 28 β 7 β 14 β 49 121 TABLE SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF ALL CHILDREN EMPLOYED DURING THE PERIOD 1st JANUARY, to 31st DECEMBER, 1930. SCHOOL. BOYS. GIRLS. Acton Wells Central County John Perryn Priory Roman Catholic Southfield Others Totals Beaumont Park Totals 1. |
01537233-44c5-4d85-944e-163d13a86999 | Registered Occupations :β (a) Delivering Newspapers 11 5 8 3 39 2 18 3 89 ... (b) Delivering Milk 4 3 2 4 6 - 6 3 28 ... ... (c) Delivering goods or parcels 3 9 10 3 46 6 14 1 92 1 1 Totals 18 17 20 10 91 8 38 7 209 1 1 Corresponding Figures for 1935 39 34 28 10 120 14 58 13 322 1 1 122 Uncleanliness Table. Sch. Date. No. exaind. Very few nits. Few Nits. Many Nits. Vermin Total Unclean. A. B. C. D. % % % l July 123 .8 .8 Sept. |
5e38be35-b8a9-44e2-b16c-5fab13a1bd48 | 121 - 2 July 114 3.5 2.6 6.1 Sept. 116 - 1.7 1.7 3 July 196 .5 .5 Sept. 186 .5 1.07 1.6 4 July 194 2.5 1.03 3.6 Sept. 186 2.6 1.67 .5 4.8 5 July 367 1.36 2.4 .27 4.08 Sept. 283 .7 .7 .35 1.7 6 July 132 6.06 .75 6.8 Sept. 149 .67 .67 1.3 7 July 203 7.3 1.9 .49 9.8 Sept. 214 5.1 1.8 1.4 8.4 8 July 188 4.25 .53 4.7 Sept. |
47c3b8d5-6084-4e3a-aee1-6733bec6951d | 186 2.1 1.07 3.2 9 July 397 1.00 .75 1.76 Sept. 386 2.07 1.03 3.1 10 July 366 6.5 4.6 .54 11.7 Sept. 334 8.58 1.89 2.09 12.5 11 July 260 4.23 1.92 1.15 7.3 Sept. 234 8.5 1.2 9.8 12 July 82 - Sept. 112 - 13 July 101 .9 .9 Sept. 156 - 14 July 203 .49 .49 .9 Sept. 149 .67 .67 15 July 268 1.1 .37 .74 2.2 Sept. 201 1.9 .49 2.4 16 July 177 2.8 .56 .56 3.9 Sept. |
d6025e18-9b24-4b6c-8093-8e63a4055010 | 191 3.6 3.6 17 July 96 - Sept. 95 - 18 July 116 1.7 1.7 Sept. 112 1.6 1.6 19 July 120 - Sept. 121 - 20 July 112 1.7 1.7 3.4 Sept. 124 2.4 .8 3.2 123 Sch. Date. No. examd. Very few nits. Few Nits. Many Nits. Vermin Total Unclean. A. B. % C. D. % % 21 July 282 3.5 .3 .7 4.6 Sept. 229 2.6 2.6 22 July 262 1.9 .7 2.6 Sept. 305 3.2 3.2 23 July 312 1.9 .9 2.8 Sept. |
6f10b479-f33a-40b2-9db3-7238c69a2b57 | 296 5.7 2.3 .3 8.4 24 July 260 2.6 .7 .3 3.7 Sept. 233 5.5 .4 1.7 7.7 25 July 186 .53 .53 1.07 2.1 Sept. 199 .5 .5 26 July 258 4.2 7.00 4.6 15.8 Sept. 213 1.8 4.2 3.2 9.3 27 July 142 2.1 1.4 2.8 6.3 Sept. 145 1.3 1.3 28 July 166 .6 1.8 2.4 Sept. 155 1.2 1.2 29 July 135 4.4 .7 5.1 Sept. |
b6c3b60c-623d-4f46-aebd-a24ba9d8299f | 136 .7 1.4 2.2 30 July 234 .8 .8 Sept. 195 .5 .5 1.02 31 July 80 1.2 1.2 2.5 Sept. 122 .81 .81 32 July 81 6.1 2.4 8.6 Sept. 120 1.6 .8 2.5 33 July 44 4.5 4.5 Sept. 42 7.1 7.1 BOROUGH OF ACTON EDUCATION COMMITTEE. SWIMMING INSTRUCTION, SEASON, 1936. The School Swimming Season opened on Monday, 4th May, 1936, and provision was made for 53 classes at the Public Baths, 32 for boys and 21 for girls. Of these, 50 classes were held in school hours whilst one class for boys and two classes for girls were held in periods immediately before or after normal school hours. |
185f92b3-ddbf-47dc-8699-3aeb0bfea53d | All the instruction was given by the teaching staff of the Schools. The season normally closes on the 30th September, but, as in previous years, one or two small classes continue to attend the 124 Baths during the winter months for instruction and practice in life-saving. The Acton Education Committee continues to award certificates to boys and girls who can swim twenty-five yards down the length of the bath, without interruption, pause or rest, and Acton scholars also compete for the certificates of the London Schools' Swimming Association and the Royal Life Saving Association, as under:β Swimming: 1st classβ100 yards (Conditions as for Acton certificates). 2nd classβ50 yards Life Saving: Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced and Medallion. |
acdf2214-24a7-48bb-aae4-455dbe9f270d | There are in the Schools at the present time 1248 scholars (626 boys and 622 girls) who can swim, as against 1318 at the end of last season) and 314 boys and 283 girls now in the Schools learned to swim during the 1936 season (against 578 in 1935). It should be borne in mind, however, that a great number of the scholars who left the elementary schools at the summer vacation to enter Secondary Schools had learned to swim by that date. The following is a statistical return relating to the season's work, with comparative figures for last year. Details giving statistics for the individual schools are in the hands of the Director of Education. Year 1936. Year 1935. Boys. Girls. Total Boys. Girls. Total No. |
40cc7e83-1e1e-48d4-b10c-b3f7112a6f49 | of classes per week allocated 32 21 53 32 22 54 Total attendances made 11908 8300 20208 10938 6943 *17881 * Season opened one week later owing to closure for Jubilee celebrations. 125 Certificates gained. Acton Education Committee 268 236 504 253 225 478 L.S.S.A.: 1st Class 135 117 252 134 134 268 2nd Class 196 157 353 175 183 358 Life Saving: Inter. 14 14 Medallion 10 10 Elementary 28 28 Advanced 27 27 CHILDREN'S COUNTRY HOLIDAYS. Miss Stevens, the Head Mistress of Berrymede Infant School, again organised a large scheme in association with the Children's Country Holiday Fund. By this means 359 school children (196 boys and 163 girls) as against 294 in 1935 were sent away for a fortnight's holiday. |
bfbe685d-d800-418f-b18e-cebcf1b3263f | In the case of 5 delicate children this period was extended to a month. The Headquarters of the Fund gave a grant of Β£185 in addition to all main line railway fares, and the parents of the children concerned contributed Β£186 8s. 4d. This made an average payment of 10s. 2Β½d.β1s. 5Β½d. more per head than last year when the average contribution was 8s. 9d. Collections from the parents were begun in January instead of in April as in the previous year and this resulted in the higher payments being possible. 65 more children were sent away this year, and the expenses of sending these away was largely met by a grant from the Mayoress, Mrs. Mercer, out of the League of Personal Service Funds. The cost of the fortnight was, as before, approximately 30s. The Country Holiday Fund will not allow any child to go on holiday if there is any question of uncleanliness. |
29cf9e71-6e8a-4df5-9c1e-5f39f2dba409 | All children must have their heads examined 3 times before departure. This means over 1000 examinations performed by the nurses at the Clinic. Last year 12 children had to be sent to the Hammersmith Cleansing 126 Station, as when the time of departure was near they were found to be still verminous. This year not one single child had to be so dealt with where the mother had known for any length of time that a holiday was imminent. 6 places had to be filled at the last moment because 6 children were rejected at the medical examination, and several of these last minute children had to go to the Cleansing Station to be treated. 46 different parties of children were sent off, some to Folketone and Whitstable, most to the West Country, Somerset, Wiltshire, Hereford, &c., and some to Warwickshire and Norfolk. |
2e4773ad-8c10-4f4d-844c-eccc53a569b7 | It will be seen what an enormous amount of work was entailed in planning, collecting and arranging for such numbers, and Miss Stevens is to be congratulated on her administration which allowed of its taking place so efficiently. Only one child while away had to have medical attention, and the reports on the behaviour of the children were on the whole very good. One or two children were troublesome, one boy in particular making himself a nuisance. He has since had to be sent to a Special Home for Difficult Children. Much kindness was experienced amongst the Country Hostesses, one offered to keep a little girl for an extra week without payment as she was so obviously benefiting by the change. The Head Teachers have reported favourably on the results of the holidays on the children's health and appearance, and sincere thanks are due to Miss Stevens for the endless trouble she took to make the scheme a success. VISITS PAID BY SCHOOL NURSES. The following Table gives the number of home visits paid by the Nurses during the year. |
cc6d1811-60f1-434c-bd6f-0251bd8c7b3e | The visits have been divided into school distribution. Acton Wells 191 Priory 262 Beaumont Park 179 Rothschild 313 Berrymede 386 Southfield 542 Central 2 Roman Catholic 18 Derwentwater 182 Special School β John Perryn 186 Total 2261 127 CONVALESCENT HOMES AND COUNTRY HOLIDAYS. One boy and one girl were sent to the Winter School of Recovery, Bexhill, for a period of 3 months each. In the Summer, 4 girls and 3 boys were sent away for a fortnight's holiday free of charge. MOTHERCRAFT CLASSES. The following table gives the number of classes sent from each school to the Day Nursery. Beaumont Park 5 Central 5 Acton Wells 5 Priory 5 John Perryn 6 Roman Catholic 1 27 RETURN OF MEDICAL INSPECTIONS. TABLE I. A.βRoutine Medical Inspections. |
f9dd28d5-7502-417d-83ab-fc40bb7fe451 | Number of Inspections in the prescribed Groups:β Entrants 836 Second Age Group 694 Third Age Group 655 Total 2185 Number of other Routine Inspections - Grand Total 2185 128 B.βOther Inspections. Number of Special Inspections 1946 Number of Re-Inspections 1393 Total 3339 C.βChildren Found to Require Treatment. Group For defective vision (excluding squint.) For all other conditions recorded in Table II A. Total (1) (2) (3) (4) Entrants β 52 52 2nd. Age Group 56 19 75 3rd. β β 54 22 76 Total (Prescribed Groups) 110 93 203 Other Routine Inspections β β β Grand Total 110 93 203 129 TABLE II. A.-Return of Defects found by Medical Inspection in the Year ended 31st December, 1936. Defect or Disease. Routine. |
4988da5d-912a-40ab-a573-acc9c6bf5d32 | Inspections. Special Inspections. No. of Defects. No. of Defects. Requiring Treatment Requiring to be kept under observation, but not requiring Treatment. Requiring Treatment Requiring to be kept under observation, but not requiring Treatment. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Skin:β Ringworm: Scalp β β 3 β Body 1 β 8 β Scabies β β 39 β Impetigo 5 β 403 β Other Diseases (Non-Tuberculous) 9 β 45 β Total 15 β 498 β Eye: Blepharitis 13 β 29 β Conjunctivitis 1 β 54 β Keratitis β β β β Corneal Opacities β β 1 β Other Conditions (excluding defective vision and squint) 5 1 63 β Total 19 1 147 β Defective Vision (excluding squint) 110 β 81 β Squint |
02c27251-a6e0-4d26-a909-47121940216e | 16 2 3 2 Ear: Defective Hearing 2 12 9 β Otitis Media 5 β 58 β Other Ear Diseases 6 β 30 β Nose and Throat: 6 Chronic Tonsillitis only β β β Adenoids only β β 1 β Chronic Tonsillitis and Adenoids 15 β 21 β Other Conditions β 16 β 131 Enlarged Cervical Glands (NonTuberculous) β 268 β 62 Defective Speech 6 2 3 β 130 Defect or Disease. Routine Inspections. Special Inspections. No. of Defects. No. of Requiring to be kept under observation, but not requiring ment. Requiring Treatment Requiring te be kept under observation, but noi requiring Treatment Requiring Treatment. |
e9a9ae20-c7fa-4f36-b803-ad896ead70ae | (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Heart and Circulation: Heart Disease: Organic β 5 β β Functional β 18 β β Anaemia β 1 β β Lungs: Bronchitis β 2 β β Other Non-Tuberculous Diseases 1 3 β β Tuberculosis: Pulmonary: Definite β β 1 β Suspected β 1 1 β Non-Pulmonary: Glands β β β β Bones and Joints β β β β Skin β β β β Other Forms β β β β Total β β β β Nervous System: Epilepsy β 1 β 1 Chorea β 1 2 β Other Conditions β β β β Deformities: Rickets 1 22 β β Spinal Curvature 1 β β β Other Forms 6 4 β β Other Defects and Diseases (excluding defects of nutrition, |
7224dd93-1cce-42d9-871e-673ae3161b15 | Uncleanliness and Dental Diseases) 13 16 1023 79 Total number of defects 216 375 1884 275 131 B βClassification of the Nutrition of Children Inspected during the Year in.the Routine Age Groups. Age groups Number of Children Inspected A (Excellent) B (Normal) C (Slightly subnormal) D (Bad) No. % No. % No. % No. % Entrants Second 836 400 47.8% 421 50.3% 15 l.7% β β Age group 694 338 48.6 334 48.1% 22 3.1% β β Third Age- group 655 265 40.4 373 56.9% 17 2.5 β β Other Routine Inspections TOTAL 2185 1003 45.9 1128 51.6% 54 2.4% β β TABLE III. |
b098ae7f-4cff-4dfd-bb3e-e4195573f597 | Return of all Exceptional Children in the Area. BLIND CHILDREN. At Certified Schools for the Blind. At Public Elementary Schools. At Other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. β β β β β 132 PARTIALLY SIGHTED CHILDREN. At Certifed Schools for the Blind. At Certified Schools for the partially Sighted. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. β 3 1 β β 4 DEAF CHILDREN. At Certified Schools for the Deaf. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. 5 β β β 5 PARTIALLY DEAF CHILDREN. At Certified Schools for the Deaf. At Certified Schools for the Partially Deaf. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. |
20338927-dd3d-4be1-a7bf-513c3fd2c347 | β β β β β β MENTALLY DEFECTIVE CHILDREN. Feeble-Minded Children. At Certified Schools for Mentally Defective Children. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. 43 β β β 43 133 EPILEPTIC CHILDREN. Children suffering from severe Epilepsy. At Certified Special Schools. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. 1 β β 2 3 PHYSICALLY DEFECTIVE CHILDREN. A. TUBERCULOUS CHILDREN. 1.βCHILDREN SUFFERING FROM PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS, (Including pleura and intra-thoracic glands) At Certified Special Schools. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. |
70288445-3d73-4471-9f87-468667033ccc | β β 2 β 2 2.-CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM NON-PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS At Certified Special Schools. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. β 1 1 1 3 134 B. DELICATE CHILDREN. (ie) Those whose general health renders it desirable that they should be specially selected for admission to an Open Air School. At Certified Special Schools. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. 4 3 4 3 14 C. CRIPPLED CHILDREN. (ie) (Other than those diagnosed as tuberculous and in need of treatment for that disease) who are suffering from a degree of crippling sufficiently severe to interfere materially with a child's normal mode of life. At Certified Special Schools. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. |
7929a2b9-9c2b-43bf-a125-3cf57eea4dc9 | Total. 4 4 2 β 10 D. CHILDREN WITH HEART DISEASE. (ie) Children whose defect is so severe as to necessitate the provision of educational facilities other than those of the Public Elementary School. At Certified Special Schools. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total. β β β β β 135 CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM MULTIPLE DEFECTS. Combination of Defect. At Certified Special Schools. At Public Elementary Schools. At other Institutions. At no School or Institution. Total Nil Nil table iv. Return of Defects treated during the Year ended 31st December, 1936. Treatment Table. Group IβMinor Ailments (excluding Uncleanliness, for which see Table VI.) Disease or Defect. (1) Number of Defects treated, or under treatment during the year. Under the Authority's Scheme. |
4bba4cf7-94fb-4eb9-8765-5d4d93f38e92 | (2) Otherwise (3) Total. (4) Skin: Ringworm-Scalpβ (i.) X-Ray Treatment. 1 β 1 (ii.) Other Treatment. β 2 2 Ringworm-Body 8 β 8 Scabies 39 β 39 Impetigo 403 β 403 Other skin disease 44 β 44 Minor Eye Defects: (External and other, but excluding cases falling in Group II.) 143 β 143 Minor Ear Defects 97 11 108 Miscellaneous (e.g., minor injuries, bruises, sores, chilblains. See.) 1039 β 1039 Total 1774 13 1787 136 Group II.βDefective Vision and Squint (excluding Minor Eye Defects treated as Minor AilmentsβGroup I.) Defect or Disease. (1) No. of Defects dealt with. |
6fe9bc3d-3279-4176-8ca0-7655475e0e50 | Under the Authority's Scheme (2) Otherwise (3) Total. (4) Errors of Refraction (including Squint) 397 10 407 Other Defect or Disease of the Eyes (excluding those recorded in Group I.) 16 β 16 Total 413 10 423 Number of children for whom spectacles wereβ (a) Prescribed 262 10 272 (b) Obtained 262 10 272 Gboup III.βTreatment of Defects of Nose and Throat. Number of Defects. Received Operative Treatment. Received other forms of Treatment (4) Total number treated (5) Under the Authority's Scheme, in Clinic or Hospital (1) By Private Practitioner or Hospital, apart from the Authority's Scheme (2) Total (3) 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. |
29cfb822-6676-45bc-8b3c-846cb63b72e8 | 5 3 39 β β β 5 β 5 3 44 β β 52 (1)βTonsils only. (2)βAdenoids only. (3)βTonsils and Adenoids. (4)βOther defects of the Nose and Throat. 137 Group IV.βOrthopaedic and postural defects. (1) Under the Authority's Scheme. (2) Otherwise. Total No. Treated. Residential Treatment with Education. (i) Residential Treatment without Education. (ii) NonResidential Treatment at an Orthopaedic Clinic. (iii) Residential Treatment with Education. (i) Residential Treatment without Education. (ii) NonResidential Treatment at an Orthopaedic Clinic. (iii) No. of Children Treated. β β β β 2 1 3 138 Table V.βDental Inspection and Treatment. |
57945dbc-1208-4cb2-9f97-9cbfaa3476b3 | (1) Number of Children who were:β (4) Attendances made by children for treatment 4150 (a) Inspected by the Dentist: (5) Half-days devoted to:β Inspection 46 Aged: Treatment 468 Routine Age Groups 5β696 Total 514 6β676 7β603 (6) Fillings:- 8β632 Permanent teeth 2108 9β751 Temporary teeth 95 10β740 11β625 Total 2203 12β653 (7) Extractions:- 13β610 Permanent teeth 869 14β156 Temporary teeth 3857 Total 6142 Total 4726 Specials 418 (8) Administrations of general anaesthetics for extractions 2021 Grand Total 6560 (9) Other operations:- (2) Found to require treatment 4484 Permanent teeth 271 Temporary teeth 56 (3) Actually treated 2829 Total 327 Table VI.βUncleanliness and Verminous Conditions. |
355c8b85-e4a8-4dff-bb13-f35263678f3b | Average number of visits per school made during the year by the School Nurses 14 Total number of examinations of children in the Schools by School Nurses 2295 Number of individual children found unclean:β Vermin and Nits 92 Slightly infested 569 Number of children cleansed under arrangements made by the Local Education Authority 7 Number of cases in which legal proceedings were taken:β (a) Under the Education Act, 1921 β (6) Under School Attendance Byelaws β 139 STATEMENT OF THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN NOTIFIED DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER, 1930, BY THE LOCAL EDUCATION AUTHORITY TO THE LOCAL MENTAL DEFICIENCY AUTHORITY. Total number of children notified 5 Analysis of the above Total. Diagnosis. Boys. Girls. 1. |
b9f6adbd-9dd7-4c3a-9ecc-926cf20a4d17 | (i) Children incapable of receiving benefit or further benefit from instruction in a Special School: (Π°) Idiots β β (b) Imbeciles β β (c) Others β β (ii) Children unable to be instructed in a Special School without detriment to the interests of other children: (a) Moral defectives β β (b) Others β β 2. Feeble-minded children notified on leaving a Special School on or before attaining the age of 16 1 4 3. Feeble-minded children notified under Article 3, i.e., "special circumstances" cases β β 4. Children who in addition to being mentally defective were blind or deaf β β Grand Total 1 4 We are, Your Obedient Servants, D. J. THOMAS. E. MADELEY. |
978cf21b-0ea0-4862-a373-4ca718aee043 | ACT 40 Borough of Acton. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Medical Officer of Health TOGETHER WITH THE Report on the Medical Inspection of Schools FOR THE YEAR 1937. ANNUAL REPORT of the MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH FOR THE YEAR 1937. Public Health Department, Municipal Offices, Acton, W.3. To the Mayor, Aldermen and Councillors of the Borough of Acton. Ladies and Gentlemen, I beg to submit the Annual Report on the health conditions of the Borough for the year 1937, and the Annual Report on the School Medical Services is given at the end as a separate report. The report contains the information required by the Ministry of Health, and is arranged in accordance with their regulations, but for convenience of reference certain tables have been grouped at the end of the report. The year has been on the whole a particularly healthy one; there has been a reduction in the death-rate and the infantile mortality. |
65f051c7-a16a-4671-aa4a-9d59dd9af24d | The district was comparatively free of infectious disease, and the only notable outbreak was that of Influenza at the beginning of the year. There has been a steady development in the health services and especially in the numbers of those who avail themselves of the facilities provided. The most important development probably was the institution of domiciliary midwifery under the Midwives Act, 1936. 4 The inspections under the Housing Act, 1935 were continued throughout the year. The appointed day for Acton was 1st January, 1937. Certain changes occurred both in the clerical and Health Visiting staffs. Miss Welsh died in August 1936, and Miss Cooksey retired in March 1937; Miss Bennett and Miss Orfeur were appointed. Mr. Hacker left to take up another appointment in June 1937, and Mr. Pratt was appointed as Chief Clerk. |
862aa44d-251c-481e-82a4-d83f40114f0b | Miss Arnold and Miss Beacon were married and Miss Hester and Miss Warburton appointed on the clerical staff. In conclusion, I should like to express my thanks to the Council for their courtesy and support for the measures proposed to improve the public health and to all the staff of the Public Health Department for their invaluable assistance throughout the whole year. I remain, Your obedient servant, D. J. THOMAS, Medical Officer of Health. SECTION A. Statistics and social conditions of the Borough. Areaβ2,317 Acres. There has been no change of boundaries since the last report. Population.βThe Registrar-General's estimate of the population in the middle of 1937 was 69,100 inhabitants, a decrease of 40 as compared with the estimate for 1936. |
9807605e-8005-4271-a21c-b9ca8aab0737 | The population at the Census of 1931 was 70,510, but since that time a re-arrangement of boundaries has occurred and the Census population of the district as now constituted was 70,008, that is, there was a loss of 502 inhabitants as a result of the transaction. The number of private families was reduced from 18,997 to 18,876 and the number of structurally separate dwellings occupied, from 13,812 to 13,687. |
2b908a5c-26ed-4a64-9405-771f84f4ef71 | 5 The number of new houses erected during the last 6 years were:- 1931-32β257 1932-33β188 1933-34β224 1934-35β134 1935-36β380 1936-37β201 The number of parliamentary electors since 1931 has been as follows:β 1932β48,126 1933β48,245 1934β48,228 1935β48,258 1936β48,813 1937β49,255 Number of Inhabited Houses (end of 1937) according to Rate Books. The exact number of inhabited houses is not available. The number of inhabited houses according to the Rate Books on 31st March 1937 was 16,861. Rateable Value. The rateable value of the Borough on 1st April 1937 was Β£788,859, and the sum represented by a penny rate was Β£2,943. |
16a8afeb-8e23-4ffc-bd34-4815c0d3f7ef | Social Conditions. In last year's report an account was given of the social conditions of the district, including the chief industries carried on in the area. These conditions have not materially altered in the year, but unemployment increased towards the end of 1937. The impression that unemployment was on the increase was borne out by the figures kindly supplied by the local employment exchange. On 31st December 1937, the total numbers of persons (aged 18 to 65) resident in Acton and registered as wholly unemployed were as follows:β Men. Women. Total. 1076 329 1405 These numbers compare with 799 men and 182 women unemployed on 31st December, 1936. The total amount of out-relief and in kind disbursed by the Public Assistance Committee was Β£17,829. 6 Extracts from Vital Statistics. POPULATION 69,100. Total. M. F. Live Births. |
75c548d7-ad29-4257-9398-fe7f6fbbfbeb | Birth-rate per 1,000 of Legitimate 846 422 424 estimated resident Illegitimate 40 22 18 ulationβ12.8 886 444 442 Still Births. Legitimate 28 17 11 Rate per 1,000 total Illegitimate 4 13 (live & still) birthsβ17 32 18 14 Deaths 750 Death-rate per 1,000 inhabitants 10.8. Deaths from Puerperal causes (Headings 29 and 30 of the Registrar General's short list). Rate per 1,000 total Deaths (live & still) births No. 29 Puerperal Sepsis 0 β No. 30 Other Puerperal causes 2 2.2 Death-rate of Infants under 1 year of age. |
0b5d7f54-6c34-4861-bcba-7c8cc76c498f | All infants per 1,000 live births 57 Legitimate infants per 1,000 legitimate live births 56 Illegitimate infants per 1,000 illegitimate live births 75 Deaths from Cancer (all ages) 119 Deaths from Measles (all ages) 2 Deaths from Whooping Cough (all ages) 3 Deaths from Diarrhoea (under 2 years of age) 11 SECTION B.βGENERAL PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES IN THE AREA. Staff.βA list of the staff of the Public Health Department will be found at the end of the report. Laboratory Facilities.βThroat swabs from doctors and the Isolation Hospital and sputum from doctors are examined at the office. Special examinations are made at the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine and the Royal Free Hospital. Ambulance Facilities.βThe ambulance facilities are similar to those described in previous reports. |
4020fac8-6ebb-4ca1-b9b7-6a142c7c655b | There is a motor ambulance for the transport of infectious cases, and two ambulances provided for accident and non-infectious cases. The latter are housed at the fire station and are available at all hours. Last year the ambulance was called out to 585 street accidents, and on 378 occasions for private cases. Fees amounting to Β£ 142 l0s. were paid for the use of the ambulance for private cases. Nursing in the Home.βThere has been no change in the arrangements for nursing in the home, but negotiations were entered into during the year between the authorities of the Acton Hospital and the Borough Council for an extension of the home nursing services provided by the hospital, but the agreement was not pleted at the end of the year. In addition to private nursing associations in the district, the Acton Hospital employ three nurses for home nursing. HOSPITAL PROVISION. |
2af13712-d969-4b0f-a5f4-8533caa448e3 | General.βActon Hospital, Gunnersbury Lane, is the only General Hospital in the district, and has accommodation for 72 patientsβ62 beds in General Wards and 10 for Private Patients. During 1937 1151 patients were admitted; this is an increase of 74 on the previous year, and is in a great measure due to the fact that the recent extensions had been put into full use. The beds have been continuously occupied and the average number of patients resident daily was 65.25. 9,820 Out-Patients were treated during the year, an increase of 814 and the Out-Patient attendances were 53,883, an increase of 7,717 as compared with 1936, showing that the enlarged OutPatients Department was very much needed. The Education Committee has continued its agreement with the Hospital for the treatment of Tonsils and Adenoids and Artificial light. 8 There is no change from last year in the following:- Fever Hospital. Laboratory facilities. |
62567c9c-84fc-40ab-a5f5-ff12ab1555fd | Small-pox hospitals. Tuberculosis. School Clinic. Day Nursery. Child Welfare Clinics. Ante-natal Clinics. Treatment Centres for Venereal Diseases. LEGISLATION IN FORCE. The following local acts, special local orders, general adoptive acts and byelaws relating to Public Health are in force in the district. Adopted. Infectious Diseases (Notification) Act, 1889 1889 Public Health (Amendment) Act, 1890 1890 Infectious Diseases Prevention Act, 1890 1899 Notification of Births Act, 1907 1907 Public Health Act, 1907 (Clause 50) (Part VI) 1921 Public Health Act, 1925 (Parts 2, 3, 4 and 5) 1926 The Acton Improvement Act, 1904 β Nuisances, &c. |
d487d99f-567d-4860-a631-ff5f327dfe0f | 1924 New Streets and Buildings 1925 Smoke Abatement 1930 Houses let in Lodgings 1934 Employment of Children 1935 Wireless Loudspeakers, Gramophones, &c. 1935 Fouling of Footpaths by Dogs 1937 Hairdressers' and Barbers' Shops 1937 MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE. Infantile Mortality. 51 deaths occurred in infants under 1 year of age corresponding to an infantile mortality of 57 per 1,000 births. The infantile mortality is 11 per 1,000 births lower than that of 1936, and slightly lower than that of 1935, but it is higher than that of 1934, which was the lowest one on record for the district. 9 There is an increase of 9 in the number of deaths from Prematurity-18, compared with 9 in 1936. |
0ad3b2c4-c8f9-474e-a12c-d6821fa90f0b | The health visitors have frequently commented upon the fact that premature births and stillbirths come on waves and this periodicity suggests that other than natural causes are in operation. Last year 10 out of the 18 deaths from premature births occurred in the second quarter of the year, and it is significant that 12 out of 28, the total number of stillbirths also occurred in the second quarter. The causes of pa-maturity are not clear; various factors have been assigned as the cause of premature birth, such, as lack of Vitamin E, Syphilis, etc., but these would operate fairly uniformly throughout the year. To put it bluntly, these periodical increases suggest abnormal activity of the abortionist, and though we have no evidence of such in increasing practice the suspicion lurks that a sudden increase in prematurity and stillbirths is due to the practice. |
fda102e3-a6ef-4e5f-8675-79b33296b129 | Although this is one death less from Diarrhoea last year than in 1936, 11 deaths from this cause in a year when conditions are favourable is too high. In a hot and dry summer we expect even now a slight increase in the deaths from Diarrhoea, but last summer was cool and comparatively wet, and the deaths of 11 children from Diarrhoea is a disappointment. The vast improvement in the conditions under which milk is produced and distributed, and the instruction given at the clinics and in the home by the health visitors have brought about an improvement, but full advantage is not taken of the improved conditions, and of the skilled instruction at the disposal of the mothers. In some instances, the home conditions are unfavourable, but in the majority of cases of diarrhoea the most prominent factor in its causation has been either ignorance or apathy or failure to reap the benefit of the facilities at the mother's disposal. Toddlers. |
ced963e0-b843-4355-a618-d60b3d15aab9 | There were 10 deaths in children between the ages of 1 and 2 years and 3 between the ages of 2 and 5 years. Of the total deaths between the ages of 1 and 5 years, 8 were due to diseases of an infectious characterβ2 each from Whooping Cough, Measles, Cerebro-Spinal Fever and Diphtheria. Although all are infectious in their character, caused either by a germ or a virus, the methods of prevention differ greatly. It is only in the case of Diphtheria that we have found a method which is efficient and is reasonably certain to protect the infant from the disease. The others are apt to occur in epidemics and our methods of prevention so far have had to be based upon general measures, and specific measures are not successful to prevent the occurrence and to stem the ravages of these diseases. |
43ed769a-0d0a-4d3e-a4ae-5ae058a61f49 | In recent years the mortality amongst the toddlers 10 has shown almost as much improvement as that of the infant mortality, and this may have been due to the increased attention which has been paid to the pre-school child. It was stated in last year's report that Circular 1550 had been considered by the Child Welfare Committee and it was decided to establish a Special Toddlers' Clinic as an experiment at the Steele Road Clinic. The following report has been kindly sent me by Dr. Mann who is in charge of the Clinic at Steele Road. The Toddlers' Clinic was inaugurated in June 1936 for the purpose of including in medical schemes all children between the ages of 1 year and 5 years. In the birthday month of the child invitations were sent to the parents to bring the child for examination on the last Friday in the month. These invitations were followed up with a home visit in as many cases as possible when the object of the Clinic was explained. No. |
f76df782-5b4c-4d81-8b68-231697ad167d | of invitations sent each monthβJune to December, 1936 224 No. of attendances 72 The attendance was 32% of invitations- sent out. No. of invitations for 1937 276 No. of attendances 123 The attendance rose to 44.5% of invitations sent out and many children were brought for their second annual examination. Each child was stripped, weighed and measured and then a routine examination of heart, lungs, mouth and throat, ears and eyes was carried out and any postural defects and congenital abnormalities noted. Advice was given on diet, hygiene and general management and in most cases the mothers had many questions to ask. Any child requiring to be kept under observation was asked to attend the Welfare Centre on a Tuesday while any children requiring any active treatment were referred to Hospital, private practitioners, or to the School treatment Centre. Nutrition. |
7c35258c-71fd-435b-8711-8f6367ba077c | The standard of nutrition was good on the whole but some of the children, particularly of unemployed parents, were undersized and under-nourished. There was no marked anaemia and those cases found were among children examined in the winter months. 11 A soft systolic murmur was found in a few children, mainly among the two year old group, but it was found to have almost disappeared when these children came up in the three year old group. Evidences of Bronchitis, Enlarged Tonsils and Adenoids and a larged cervical glands were also met with in the greatest numbers among the two year old children. Dental Caries was most marked in the four year old group, 44.8% of children examined having one carious tooth or more to some cases as many as 10 teeth had been extracted. |
c1e07bc0-31b8-44c8-8f07-9c49a3de6f98 | EyesβStrabismus 1 Styes 1 Conjunctivitis 4 Cyst of Upper Lid 1 Ear discharge 8 Nasal Catarrh 4 Backward Speech 1 Stutter 1 Congenital Deformity of right side of chest 1 Mongol 1 Genu-Valgum (slight) 6 ,, (marked) 2 Undescended Testicle 1 Average Heights. 2 yrs. 3 yrs. 4 yrs. 5 yrs. 2-ft. 7Β½-ins. 2-ft. 10-ins. 3-ft. 3-ins. 3-ft. 4ΒΎ-ins. Average Weights. 2 yrs. 3 yrs. 4 yrs. 5 yrs. 25-lbs. 6-ozs. 31-lbs. 15ΒΎ-ozs. 35-lbs. 35-lbs. 11-ozs. Normal weightβ Upper level 28-lbs. |
95f5d4fd-69d1-4f16-bfb0-9e2ff65485b5 | 33-lbs. 44-lbs. 25-lbs. 29-lbs. 36-lbs. 2 yrsβ25% did not reach this lower level. 3 yrsβ14% did not reach this lower level. 4 yrsβ55% did not reach this lower level. 12 Enlarged Tonsils and Adenoids. 2 yrs. 3 yrs. 4 yrs. 42% 23.8% 17.2% Enlarged Cervical Glands. 2 yrs. 3 yrs. 4 yrs. 23% 11% 13.7% Carious Teeth. 2 yrs. 3 yrs. 4 yrs. 1.8% 19% 55% The figures show that there are many defects found in the pre-school child which require remedial treatment, and that the establishment of this clinic has shown its usefulness. Unfortunately owing to the shortage of accommodation, similar clinics cannot be established at the other centres. |
f58219c7-ea20-4cf3-beee-423a1ad079ae | The fact that we have not established Special Toddlers' Clinics at the other centres does not mean that the pre-school child is not catered for at all centres. As the figures show, a large percentage of the children who attend the centres are between the ages of 1 and 5 years. Of the attendances made at the clinics during the year 2,900 of these were of children under 1 year of age and 1,358 were of children between the ages of 1 and 5 years. In the school report a table is given showing the number of expectant and nursing mothers and children under school age who were treated at the Dental, Ophthalmic and minor ailment clinics The work done at the centres is important, but it cannot meet unaided all the needs, or frequently, the greatest need of the children At the centres the children are examined, and practical and export advice is given. |
beb08e4f-679d-4254-924a-8f3cf316a86e | The health visitors do everything to adapt home conditions to the requirements of the children, and endeavour to see that the advice is carried out as fully as possible, but frequently the advice is not followed for many reasons, some of them economic others arising out of ignorance and apathy. It is not always possible to provide the necessary food, or give the children an open-air life and other opportunities for play and exercise. For some of the older children the Education Committee cases and though there is no Nursery School in the Borough, there are 8 Nursery Classes with 217 children on the registers. These classes are popular and scattered throughout the district. The popular to of the Nursery Classes has in no way diminished the demand for admission into the Council's Day Nursery. 13 Almost throughout the year there is a waiting list, but the Nursery caters for a slightly different class of child to that which seeks admission to the Nursery Classes. Most of the children are under two years of age, though older children are admitted. |
e4585e37-9c4b-480a-880a-84a97f43c910 | Last year, of children admitted, 66 were under 2 years of age and 29 were over 2 years. 5,224 attendances were made. Maternal Mortality. There were two maternal deaths; one of these was placed in the category of Maternal after the Registrar-General had made inquiries of the doctors and relatives. The woman died of pyaemia and thrombosis of the vena cava, following phlebitis, but it was subsequently ascertained that it was the result of abortion. This fact was not brought to our notice until a period of twelve months had elapsed since the death. The circumstances of the second case were different. The patient had engaged a private midwife and did not attend an antenital clinic, but the midwife examined a specimen of her urine. |
86b5a8e0-658f-466b-9866-eb9a973b4541 | On the first occasion it was stated that there was a trace of albumin, but the second specimen, examined a week later, was stated to be flex of albumin, but no other information was available. Three weeks later the patient complained of headache, and was found unconscious at the foot of the stairs in her house. She was taken to the Acton Hospital. On admission the blood pressure was 160/100 m.m. and the urine boiled almost solid with albumin. She died on the day of admission after operation for Caesarian section. The most important change in practice has been the operation of the Midwives Act of 1936. The authority responsible for the Act here is the Middlesex County Council. The Borough Council made application to the Ministry of Health for power to act as the local Supervising authority for the area, but the application was refused. |
c85867e1-93cb-48a7-b939-e5a9959f68fb | Under the Midwives Act 1936 it is the duty of the local Supervising authority to ensure, either by making arrangements with welfare councils, or voluntary organisations, for the employment by those councils or organisations of certified midwives as whole time servants, or by itself employing such midwives, that the number of certified midwives so employed who are available in its area for attendance on women in their own homes as midwives, is adequate for the needs of the area. For this area, the Middlesex County Council have made an agreement with the authorities of Queen Charlotte's Hospital for the provision of a domiciliary service of midwives. As the members of the Council are aware, Queen Charlotte's Hospital has made arrangement for carrying out part of its work in its premises at 14 Ravenscourt Park. For some time, the hospital has employed midwives there for domiciliary confinements, and this organisation has been utilized to cany out the provisions of the Midwives Act 1936, in our area. |
1cefdae5-54b3-463d-99fc-619c1b37c9c8 | Under Section 1, sub-section (2) the local supervising authority had to submit to the Minister of Health- proposals for carrying out its duties within a period of six months from the commencement of the Act (31st July 1936) or such longer period as the Minister may in any particular case allow. In our area the arrangement did not come into force until 1st October, 1937, but the agreement between the Middlesex County Council and the authorities of Queen Charlotte's Hospital was not available to the local council at the end of March 1938; so that, although at the present time the scheme has been in operation for over six months, the local authority is unaware of the exact provisions in the agreement between the County Council and the authorities of Queen Charlotte's Hospital. The Queen Charlotte's Hospital authorities have practically a similar scheme in operation in Brentford and Chiswick, and the midwives who attend the confinements for the two boroughs reside in the same building. The arrangements are working smoothly. |
5c19ca22-14b2-49fa-be4f-fd8b48b0cf5b | Most of the confinements are booked at the Borough Council's ante-natal clinic which is attended by one or more of the midwives. The expectant mother attends the local clinic if the conditions are normal and satisfactory until the thirty-sixth week, when she attends the Hospital Clinic at Ravenscourt Park. As far as ante-natal work is concerned, a similar procedure is carried out in respect of the expectant mothers who have made arrangements for their confinement at the Central Middlesex Hospital. In ordinary circumstances they attend our ante-natal clinic during the earlier period of pregnancy, and later attend at the ante-natal clinic at the Central Middlesex Hospital. Formerly, we had a routine ante-natal clinic and a consulting one; Dr. Bell had charge of the latter. |
ce1fdb8d-8c45-4386-9af2-8e9b9f0480a1 | The holding of routine consulting clinic every fortnight became unnecessary by these arrangements, whereby the ante-natal clinics at Ravenscourt Park and the Ceneral Middlesex Hospital became the consulting clinic for the great majority of the expectant mothers who attend our ante-natal clinics. The services of Dr. Bell are still retained for consultation purposes in the case of those who are attended by private midwives and doctors, and arrangements have been made for these expectant mothers to be seen and examined by Dr. Bell at his Gynaecological clinic at the Acton Hospital. 15 The attendance at the Ante-natal clinic increased very largely last year; the increase in the attendances was relatively much grates than that of the number of expectant mothers who attended. The number of expectant mothers was 209 but the total number of attendances was 448, compared with 193 and 231 respectively in 1936. |
5279dcf7-782b-4ac5-b6ec-0225bb8a8af1 | The attendance at each session has been gradually getting larger and it has been decided to have two weekly sessions instead of one Nurse Children. At the end of the year there was 53 children on the register compared with 39 in 1936 and the same number in 1935. Although the tatal numbers of nurse children do not vary very materially from year to year, there are many changes in the personnel both of the mothers and the children. We have constantly to call attention to infringements of the provisions which are now incorporated in sections 206β208 of the Public Health Act 1936, though in only one instance has the Council taken proceedings. This was in the case of a person who had two children under her care and had not given notice. Although a fine was inflicted, I believe that the sympathy of the court was with the culprit, because the Council did not allege that the house was overcrowded or that the foster mother was in any way unsuitable for the purpose. |
5c09c8d7-ca58-43a2-bdcf-24a7d5de2d8b | It is important that notice should be given and that the children should be Kept under observation unless the children are brought to the clinic regularly, and periodically the Health Visitor calls at the house. There is no other method of supervision. Some resent it, and we suspect that removals from one district to another do take place without necessary notice being given in order to escape this supervision. During the year we received notices from other public health departments that foster patients had left their areas and it was believed that they had come here. We have been able to trace them and in most cases they have expressed regret and plead ignorance. In one instance the supposed foster parent denied that she received any reward for the two children who were under her change She was out on every occasion the health visitor called, and we had no evidence that the children were kept for reward. We referred the matter to the R.S.P.C.C., and their inspector also was unable to obtain any additional evidence. |
a7954ab9-98ec-4e6a-86d4-696d34fd3a65 | Out of the 53 children on our list 28 are illegitimate. Some of these children are sent to the foster as others through the recognised associations for the care of the unmarried. mother, but in the case of others the regularity with which certain women receive illegitimate children from some hospitals makes the circumstances suspicious, and it has been suggested that information does leak out of certain 16 hospitals, but it is difficult to prove the statement. In most instances the payment is about 12s. 6d. a week, but there is one institution in the borough which receives the children of married parents who live abroad, where the usual charge is 15s. to 25s. a week. In the vast majority of cases, the mother regularly, pays the amount due but naturally, there are instances where the mother either fails or refuses to pay. |
8002ffde-ba5b-42ce-9005-1b953336fd7d | In such circumstances the foster mother is placed in a difficulty; frequently she is not in a position to keep the child without payment and she is loth to resort to the public assistance officer. Occasionally, the foster mother becomes very attached to the child; her path is not so easy because of the fact that she has received money for his maintenance. There is no doubt that in most cases, adoption is the best solution of any difficulties which arise, and where the foster mother is in a position to keep the child. Until recently, we were not aware of any organised opposition by any society to adoption. In some towns there seems to be a band of anti-adoption enthusiasts who persuade mothers not to give permission for the adoption of an illegitimate child. One mother told our health visitor quite recently that someone had called round and urged her not to permit the adoption of the baby under any conditions. Apart from religious considerations, it is difficult to see the force of such advice. |
8bceb689-95c1-4227-a45b-8a5f2e6a2357 | From personal experience, we can much for the happy results which have accrued in the majority of instances from adoption by foster-parents. Section C. SANITARY CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE AREA. Water Supply. The Borough is supplied with water by the Metropolitan Water Board. Drainage and Sewerage. All the dwelling houses are provided with water closets and are drained into the main sewerage system. By arrangement with the London County Council the sewage is discharged into the London Sewers. Storm water is filtered and emptied into the Thames. Public Cleansing. The house refuse is collected by the Council and burnt in the Destructor. Last year 21,109 tons of refuse were collected and burnt Sanitary Inspection of the Area. The following table includes the tabular statement furnished by the Sanitary Inspector under Article 27 (18) of the Sanitary Officers (Outside London) Regulations 1935. |
6af05f70-c8b8-4d4f-92a2-bb678005040c | 17 TABULAR STATEMENT OF INSPECTIONS AND DETAIL OF WORK CARRIED OUT BY THE SANITARY INSPECTORS. Number of Inspections and Action Taken. Total number of dwelling-houses inspected for housing defects (under Public Health or Housing Acts) 2134 (1) Dealt with by service of Informal Notice 1767 (2) Dealt with by service of Statutory Notice under Section 17, Housing Act, 1930 125 (3) Dealt with by service of Statutory Notice under Public Health Acts 13 Premises (other than defective dwelling-houses) inspected for nuisances and miscellaneous defects 675 (1) Dealt with by service of Informal Notice 329 (2) Dealt with by service of Statutory Notice under Public Health Act, &c. 25 Reinspections subsequent to service of Notice 7729 Inspection after notification of Infectious Disease 276 Number of Premises under Periodical Inspection. |
4bbcd5af-ca5f-4f27-9ca1-47783a1f0d97 | Workshops and Workplaces 109 Bakehouses 35 Slaughterhoues 2 Public House Urinals 37 Common Lodging Houses 1 Butchers' Shops 39 Fish Shops 34 Premises where food is manufactured or prepared 32 Milk Purveyors 116 Cowsheds Nil Piggeries Nil Rag and Bone Dealers 4 Mews 4 Schools 13 Caravan Grounds 2 Rent Restriction Act. Number of Certificates granted 1 18 Detail of Work carried out. Sanitary Dustbins provided 324 Yards paved or yard paving repaired 129 Insanitary forecourts remedied 52 Defective drains repaired or reconstructed 111 Defective soil pipes and ventilating shafts repaired or renewed 49 Defective fresh air inlets repaired or renewed 68 Defective gullies removed and replaced by new 29 Rain water downpipes disconnected from drain 21 Dishing and curb to gullies repaired and new gratings fixed 121 Defective W.C. |
151a1d74-52e0-4919-a164-ce16c6d7e89c | pan and traps removed and replaced by new 101 Defective W.C. flushing apparatus repaired or new fixed 272 Defective W.C. |
85bd892e-2f8c-439f-8525-07868499f24b | seats repaired or new fixed 231 Defective flush pipe connections repaired 33 Insanitary sinks removed or new fixed 57 Sink waste pipes repaired or trapped 224 Insanitary wall surface over sinks remedied 71 Ventilated food cupboards provided 17 Drinking water cisterns cleansed 256 Defective covers to drinking water cisterns repaired or new fixed 126 Insanitary sites beneath floors concreted 28 Spaces beneath floors ventilated 119 Dampness in walls from defective damp-proof course remedied 179 Dampness from defective roof, rain water gutterings, etc., remedied 880 Defective plastering repaired (number of rooms) 565 Rooms where dirty walls and ceilings have been cleansed and redecorated 2472 Defective floors repaired 160 Defective or dangerous stairs repaired 67 Defective doors and windows repaired 296 Defective kitchen ranges and fire grates repaired 262 Defective washing coppers repaired 61 Coal cupboards provided or repaired 11 New W.C. |
4d997003-44e1-44cc-aa11-1b95e483fcb0 | apartments provided 14 Accumulations of offensive matter removed 13 Drains unstopped and cleansed 183 Drains tested, exposed for examination, etc. 34 Smoke observations taken 164 Smoke nuisances abated on service of notice 36 Miscellaneous nuisances abated 279 Notifications of waste of water sent to Metropolitan Water Board 202 19 SMOKE ABATEMENT. There is not much change in the conditions of atmospheric pollution. We have few complaints from the northern part of the district, but complaints are frequent from the inhabitants of the Southern areas. This state of affairs is due to several causes. The first and principal cause probably is the fact that the factories in the north-west ward are new and the furnaces have been properly planned, whilst those in the south-west ward have been adapted and are not always suitable for the purpose. Another cause also arises from an attempt to economize, and to burn a cheap fuel in an unsuitable furnace. |
08d2a256-2359-4fda-807a-d5b8b5f8df34 | A natural overllary, say, to the appointment of a new manager, is an verhaul of the expenses, and one of the first items to be attacked is the price of coal. The former manager, goaded by our nonces, had been using a good grade of coal, and knew that there was no option had to do so if he wished to avoid complaints. A change of management frequently means an endeavour to use a cheaper variety of and with the inevitable result of constant complaints not only of smoke but grit and dust. Apart from the question of smoke; a factory in a residential area will usually be a cause of complaint, and in most instances, naturally so. There is very little improvement in smoke abatement from domestic chimneys. |
b275883d-2410-4696-bf98-c9242f75d677 | It is generally agreed, that even in a partially Undustrial area like Acton, the domestic chimney is a greater culprit have the factory chimney; there is some improvement because of the increasing use of gas and electricity both in cooking and heating, but very little attempt is made to use smokeless fuel in the domestic grates. ERADICATION OF BED BUGS. The information under this heading is defective as we have no means of ascertaining the number of Council and other houses formal to be infested and disinfested. The Public Health Department does not disinfest the Council houses, and from recent reports the methods which have been employed for freeing infested houses from bed bugs have not been entirely successful. Throughout the country this problem has been of great magnitude, and recently, researches have been carried out in order to secure a disinfectant which is harmless to human beings, lethal in all stages of bed-bug and egg cheap and fairly easily applied, readily removed by ventilation and harmless to furniture and fittings. |
77b35c9f-5f96-4b61-9761-e51640911322 | It is claimed that heavy naphtha fulfils these conditions fairly successfully but from all accounts, certain precautions have to be observed if successful results are to be obtained. 20 Section D.β HOUSING. 1. |
b20effa2-1fb6-411a-8d25-2840375d6b5c | Inspection of Dwelling-houses during the Year 1937: β (1) (a) Total number of dwelling-houses inspected for housing defects (under Public Health or Housing Acts) 2127 (b) Number of inspections made for the purpose 4762 (2) (a) Number of dwelling-houses (included under sub-head (1) above), which were inspected and recorded under the Housing Consolidated Regulations, 1925 1577 (b) Number of inspections made for the purpose 3504 (3) Number of dwelling-houses found to be in a state so dangerous or injurious to health as to be unfit for human habitation Nil (4) Number of dwelling-houses (exclusive of those referred to under the preceding subhead) found not to be in all respects reasonably fit for human habitation 1905 2. |
e5571097-897b-4837-863c-e742ae75feb1 | Remedy of Defects during the Year without Service of formal Notices:β Number of defective dwelling-houses rendered fit in consequence of informal action by the Local Authority or their officers 1767 3. Action under Statutory Powers during the Year:β A.β Proceedings under sections 17, 18 and 23 of the Housing Act, 1930:β (1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which notices were served requiring repairs 125 (2) Number of dwelling-houses which were ered fit after service of formal notice:β (Π°) By owners 125 (b) By local authority in default of owners Nil 21 B.β Proceedings under Public Health Acts:β (1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which notices were served requiring defects to be remedied 13 (2) Number of dwelling-houses in which defects were remedied after service of formal notices:β (Π°) By owners 13 (b) By local authority in default of owners Nil. C . |
d14c6fc7-1cff-47df-a21a-b582165cd0cf | Proceedings under sections 19 and 21 of the Housing Act, 1930:β (1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which Demolition Orders were made Nil. (2) Number of dwelling-houses demolished in 1937, in pursuance of Demolition Orders Nil. D.β Proceedings under section 20 of the Housing Act, 1930:β (1) Number of separate tenements or ground rooms in respect of which Closing Orders were made Nil. (2) Number of separate tenements or ground rooms in respect of which Closing Orders were determined, the tenement or room having been rendered fit Nil. In last year's Annual Report full particulars were given of the Survey which the local authority had to undertake under the Housing Act of 1935. |
3aa7b5f7-5928-4b35-b443-c9eeed856001 | Two Surveys were carried outβSurvey A, or the preliminary survey, and Survey B, in which measurements were made of the two classes in Survey A which were found to be definitely overcrowded and of those which were possibly overcrowded. Survey A was commenced on November 25th, 1935, and completed by January 4th, 1936. In this survey, 316 lettings were found to be definitely overcrowded, and 1,362 possibly overcrowded, out of 16,943 inspected. Survey B was completed before the end 22 of April, 1936. When Survey B was made, 60 of 316 definitely overcrowded lettings had become uncrowded, owing to a reduction in the number of occupants which had in the meantime occurred and that of the 1,362 possibly overcrowded, 174 were definitely overcrowded on the basis of table 2. |
f8ab0c4b-4964-4a11-b3d0-b98f7bf1e700 | There were, therefore, 430 lettings found to be overcrowded in Survey B. The 430 overcrowded lettings were occupied by 2,034 persons over 10 years of age and 583 children between the age of one and ten years. When the results of the Surveys were considered by the Special Committee of the Council, it was decided that further information should be obtained concerning the overcrowded families, more especially as to the rent paid, whether the lettings were controlled or decontrolled, and the presence of lodgers. |
335284d9-74f8-457b-bf24-94867967e701 | This further enquiry was carried out in August 1936, and it was found that in the interval between the time Survey B was made and the further inquiry in August, 80 of the lettings had become uncrowded The primary object of these surveys was to ascertain in each area every case of overcrowding which existed at the survey, together with sufficient details relating to each case to enable the local authority to formulate plans for dealing with the overcrowding These surveys were intended to show the extent of the overcrowding in the district, and the important sections under which overcrowding was to be abated could only come into operation after the appointed day had been fixed by the Minister of Health. The "Appointed Day" was defined in Section 97 of the Housing Act 1935, as meaning "such day as the Minister may appoint and the Minister may fix different days for different purposes and different provisions of this Act and for different localities." |
ab644d8d-c8c5-4986-8439-626e22ed7d38 | The fixing of an appointed day is provided for in various sections of the Act:β (a) Under Sections 3, 4 and 8 of the Act, the appointed day is the date after which overcrowding may constitute an offence (b) Under Section 6, the appointed day is 6 months before the date by which a notice in the prescribed form must be inserted in every rent book. The Minister decided to fix January 1st, 1937 as the appointed day under Sections 3, 4, 8 and 68 in the case of all local authorities whose survey under Section 1 of the Act disclosed a total number of overcrowded families which was either under a hundred or was less than 2 per cent. of the total number of working-class houses in the district. |
fa816a98-d2cb-4aec-9e47-6d9d9540547c | 23 The Acton Borough Council submitted proposals to the Minister of Health for the abatement of over-crowding, and eventually a site in the Vale was selected as suitable for the purpose of the erection of houses for the working-classes. A public enquiry was hold on 29th September 1937, and the consent of the Ministry was obtained to the scheme on 4th November 1987. The site occupies an area of 9.55 acres and it is proposed to erect about 250 dwellings on the site. |
87f562d0-0ee7-45fc-803f-3fce6feb591c | The Council made an application for the fixing of the appointed day on 22nd July 1936 and on 22nd December 1936, an order was made that the appointed day for the purpose of Section of the Act (which provided for entry in rent-books or similar documents or a summary in the prescribed form of certain povisions of the Act relating to overcrowding) shall be 1st January 1937, and the appointed day for the purpose of Sections 3 and 8 (which contain provisions as to the offences in relation to overcrowding) and section 4 and 68 of the Act shall be 1st July 1937. It is unnecessary to stake that the object of the order is to facilitate matters in order that existing cases of overcrowding shall be abated as soon as possible and that no new cases of overcrowding shall come into being. |
62a568ac-8d34-4ea1-bac4-0265e436211b | To attain this end, one of the first duties laid upon the public Health Department was the measuring of rooms for the purpose of ascertaining the permitted numbers for each workingclass dwelling, and for the furnishing of this information to landlords for insertion on the prescribed form of notice in the rent-books. For the purposes of Surveys A and B, 1,678 dwellings had been measured and the figures were available for insertion in the rentbook. In order to continue the measurements the services of Mr. Peterson were retained, but he obtained another appointment and left on 20th September 1936. A successor was not appointed until 9th. November 1936. In the meantime, many applications were made by landlords and their agents for the necessary data for insertion in the rent-books. Some miscalculations were made by us; we did not anticipate the large numbers of applications which were received from landlords or house agents in the particulars which had to be entered in the rent-books. |
ff201824-e0c9-4602-813a-687fc6d1a9fe | Up to 31st December 1937. 902 applications were received and these reffered to 3,769 houses. The work of measuring was delayed on account of these applications, for it will be appreciated that the houses for which the applications were made could not be very expeditiously measured becauses the officer spent a large proportion of the time travelling from one house to the other. Usually only a few of the houses were unclose aproximity to each other. 24 Another miscalculation arose from the assumption that in terraced streets all houses, or at any rate most of the houses, were similar in structure and arrangements. We soon found that such was not the case, and the variation was so great that each house had to be measured and every room in the house had to be measured individually. It also became obvious that one man could not deal even with the applications which were received and on 5th April 1937 another officer was appointed for that purpose. |
f5bfcb7f-9b5e-4a55-a326-ea88cdc701f9 | In June, one of the officers resigned and another was appointed in his stead. In October, two others were appointed, and at the end of 1937, Messrs. Slipp, Wilcox, Dowie and Bauchop were engaged almost entirely on the work of measurement. When the task of measurement was commenced we expanded the scope of the work to include particulars which would be useful and valuable in future administration, but as the applications came in, it became evident that time would not permit of this expansion in the work, and we had to limit the work simply to a measurement of the rooms so as to ascertain the actual number of persons which would be permitted in each letting. Not only was it necessary to measure those houses which were the subject of applications, but it was essential to complete as soon as possible the measuring of all the houses included in Survey A and our efforts in the latter part of 1937 have been directed with this end in view. |
d4f6fdde-5b22-4006-b634-69510a32c340 | Up to the end of 1937, 9,960 tenements had been measured. I estimate that about 17,000 tenements had to be measured and over 7,000 remained unmeasured on 31st December 1937. Complaints, of course, are almost inevitable but they have been remarkably few. Some of the complaints are reasonable, and we have modified our procedure in some instances. We have pointed out the tendency to sublet the larger houses. These houses were formerly occupied by one family, but now in some streets about ninety per cent. of them are sublet and two, three and even four families occupy each of these sublet houses. In the few remaining ones which are still occupied by one family, the head of which usually owns the house, the occupier naturally resented the imputation that the house could be overcrowded. |
214c0feb-b386-4c2c-b1bf-8dabbf6640ed | If the house, in the opinion of the Inspector, is not a house built for persons of the working-classes, he now asks if it is occupied by one family only; 25 if the reply is in the affirmative, and it is improbable that overcrowding could occur with one family, measurements of the house are not taken. An instance may be given to show to what extent houses in certain neighbourhoods are sublet, and that overcrowding is not limited to streets in which the houses are supposed to be occupied or are intended for occupation by the working-classes. A house was found when measured to be overcrowded; it was a large house and sublet into one and two-roomed tenements. The rent paid for the house was Β£85 a year with rates. The total rents received from the lettings amounted to Β£4 17s. a week, and two of the lettings were overcrowded. The overcrowding had occurred since July 1937, and notices have been served upon the landlord. |
b568ede1-f5f6-4b01-a821-8108e76ab865 | In the Annual Report for 1936, census figures were given which pointed to the fact that the incidence of overcrowding had decreased considerably between 1921 and 1931, and that this improvement had continued between 1931 and 1936. The inspection which is now being undertaken so far points in the same direction. Owing to an oversight in the forms which were supplied for the purpose of Survey A and Survey B, it was impossible to distinguish the different lettings in the house; space had not been inserted to show on which floors the rooms were situated. The rooms had been measured, but the forms were almost useless and these houses had to be re-visited in order to obtain the necessary particulars. Of the 430 lettings overcrowded in Survey B, 246 had become uncrowded; and of the 9,960 lettings measured up to the end of December 1937, 29 were found to be overcrowded, and occupied before the appointed day, 1st July 1937. |
b1b65bfe-b0c2-4af7-803d-496c015904a8 | On 31st December 1937 there were to our knowledge 213 lettings overcrowded. The following tables give the number of houses and tenements and the numbers overcrowded. The column which gives the numbers of tenements which are overcrowded is probably the most important. The highest percentage of overcrowded tenements occurs amongst the two-roomed ones. In the one-roomed tenements the percentage was 3.8, in the two-roomed, 6.1 and in the threeroomed, 2.8. The percentage overcrowded in the whole of the tenements inspected was 2.1 compared with 2.5 under Survey B. 26 Table 1. Housing Act, 1936. Total Number of Houses Measured to 31st December, 1937β6,657. Comprising 9,960 Tenements. No. of Houses occupied byβ No. overcrowded. No. |
7bb66d92-81f7-4fb4-973e-f6fd3106d662 | of Tenements comprisingβ No. over crowded 1 tenant 3944 41 1 room 362 14 2 tenants 2231 97 2 rooms 967 69 3 β 343 40 3 β 3920 110 4 β 108 18 4 β 2043 19 5 β 20 .3 5 β 1389 10 6 β 8 β 6 β 966 1 7 β 1 1 7 β 165 β 8 β 2 β 8 β 83 β 9 β β β 9 β 31 β 10 β β β 10 β 27 β 11 β β β 11 β 6 β 12 β β β 12 β 1 β TOTALS 6,657 200 TOTALS 9,960 213 1,344 persons dwelt in these overcrowded premises. |
59c3cfd6-d3fb-46b3-bce9-e8b803c25733 | For the purpose of this Table, persons in occupation under one tenancy are regarded as members of one family. 27 29 new cases of overcrowding were reported during the year. The following tables give the overcrowded houses and tenements in the various districts. For sanitary inspection purposes the district is divided into 3βNo. 1 included practically the NorthEast and North-West Wards North of the Uxbridge Road; No. 2 roughly included that part of the district south of the Uxbridge Road and East of Acton Lane; and No. 3 that part of the district South of the Uxbridge Road and West of Acton Lane. The highest percentage of overcrowded tenements is in No. 3 district, which included the South-West Ward. The results have corresponded broadly with those obtained when Survey B was made, with, as stated, a tendency towards a general reduction. Housing Act, 1936. |
9e5b72d9-d4c5-434d-863e-59360780d2e2 | Total Number of Houses Measured to 31st December, 1937β6,657. TABLE II. Comprising 9,960 Tenements. No. 1. No. 2. No. 3. Overcrowded Overcrowded Overcrowded No of Houses occupied byβ 1 tenant 1376 10 1538 11 1033 20 2 tenants 524 3 888 33 820 61 3 β 151 6 85 10 107 24 4 β 75 7 8 2 25 9 5 , |
4056713a-d82a-4013-89ca-92bcf32125f6 | 9 1 2 0 9 2 6 β 1 0 1 0 2 0 7 β 0 0 0 0 1 1 8 β 1 0 1 0 0 0 9 β 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 β 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 β 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 β 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTALS 2137 27 2523 56 1997 117 28 No. 1. No. 2. No. 3. Overcrowded Overcrowded Overcrowded No. of Tenements comprisingβ 1 room 119 4 81 4 162 6 2 rooms 329 9 268 10 370 40 3 β 1102 11 1466 |
aa7e637e-4f15-4862-92a2-a8e303f7f82b | 33 1354 66 4 β 578 3 940 7 525 9 5 β 607 3 470 4 312 3 6 β 371 0 334 0 261 1 7 β 82 0 63 0 20 0 8 β 53 0 17 0 13 0 9 β 14 0 7 0 10 0 10 β 22 0 1 0 4 0 11 β 1 0 1 0 2 0 12 β 1 0 0 0 0 0 TOTALS 3279 30 3648 58 3033 125 246 cases of overcrowding were relieved during the year, affecting 1,551 persons. No premises again became overcrowded after the Council took action to abate the overcrowding. |
62397565-dddb-4409-84d3-4929146e2aa6 | In several Annual Reports, it has been pointed out that one of the most pressing and difficult aspects of the housing question in this district is that of the rent, and this coupled with the increased cost of living not only affects overcrowding but also the more important question of nutrition. For most classes the expansion in wages has not been sufficient to offset the increase in rent and the cost of living. For some employed workers the rise in the cost of living has been partly offset by higher wages, but the unemployed have had to meet rising prices on a stationary income, and the families with young children have suffered the most. It is generally 29 agreed that the gap between standard benefit and the expenditure regarded as necessary for health widens with each additional child in the family. The members of the Council are probably aware of the amounts which are paid. |
74beb051-add7-4cd9-a99f-2901406033d5 | The standard benefit for husband and wife is 26/- a week, rising by an additional 3/- for each child under 14 years of age; thus, 29/- one child; 32/- 2 children; and 41/5 children. The scale of the Unemployment Assistance Board is different and takes into consideration the ages of the children and the amount of rent paid. Frequently, especially when some of the children are over five years of age, families without resources are better off under the Unemployment Assistance Board than on standard benefits. This discrepancy in favour of the scale of the Unemployment Assistance Board has been extended since the circular which authorised the Board's officers to grant additional allowances to households in view of the increased cost of living. In cases where unemployment benefit falls as far below the needs of families as to inflict obvious and serious hardship, the unemployed on standard benefit can no longer obtain relief from the Public Assistance Committee. |
e7334c17-76d1-45db-8bf5-e6e05e21981c | They can, however, apply for supplementary assistance to the Board, but our experience is, that they very seldom do seek that assistance. Even in the Council flats, the usual rent for a living room, scullery and two bedrooms is between 12/- and 13/- a week; there is one flat of this type let at 9/5 and four are let at 11/1. The Council flats with accommodation of living room, scullery and three bedrooms let at 13/5, 14/11 and 15/2 a week. The rents for Council flats and houses are much lower than those paid for decontrolled lettings as the following instances of actual cases recently brought to our notice show. They are taken at random from applications for free milk. Standard benefits 29/-; rents 15/-, 16/6, 17/6. Standard benefits 32/-; rents 15/-, 16/-, 18/-. |
8e7a16fd-a022-40f8-9427-6d893e7280fd | Standard benefits 38,/ -; rent 20/-. 30 It will be seen that the allowance on the standard benefit is 3/- per week per child. With the rents demanded here, such an allowance is much below the required standard, and it is estimated that it should be nearer 7/- per week per child. An additional benefit of 1/- per week per child would cost Β£1,250,000 per annum, so that to cover the full requirement would cost Β£5,000,000 a year, which could not be obtained from the Insurance funds. If the additional benefit were given in the case of the children of the unemployed, it would also have to be extended to the children of many employed families, because even under present conditions, the case of the employed man with a large family is no better than that of the unemployed; in many instances it is worse. It is common experience that the large families are usually found among the unskilled and the lowest-paid workers. |
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