Split (3)

train · 87.6k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	title stringclasses 442 values	context stringlengths 151 3.71k	question stringlengths 12 270	answers dict
5728939a2ca10214002da484	History_of_India	The Hindu Shahis under Jayapala, is known for his struggles in defending his kingdom against the Ghaznavids in the modern-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan region. Jayapala saw a danger in the consolidation of the Ghaznavids and invaded their capital city of Ghazni both in the reign of Sebuktigin and in that of his ...	Who defeated Jayapala and required an indemnity payment?	{ "answer_start": [ 396 ], "text": [ "Sebuk Tigin" ] }
5728939a2ca10214002da485	History_of_India	The Hindu Shahis under Jayapala, is known for his struggles in defending his kingdom against the Ghaznavids in the modern-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan region. Jayapala saw a danger in the consolidation of the Ghaznavids and invaded their capital city of Ghazni both in the reign of Sebuktigin and in that of his ...	What part of the area did Jayapala lose?	{ "answer_start": [ 608 ], "text": [ "Kabul Valley and Indus River" ] }
5728939a2ca10214002da486	History_of_India	The Hindu Shahis under Jayapala, is known for his struggles in defending his kingdom against the Ghaznavids in the modern-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan region. Jayapala saw a danger in the consolidation of the Ghaznavids and invaded their capital city of Ghazni both in the reign of Sebuktigin and in that of his ...	What was Jayapala's response to the indemnity payment?	{ "answer_start": [ 480 ], "text": [ "defaulted" ] }
5728989e3acd2414000dfb4d	History_of_India	However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni. In the year 1001, soon after Sultan Mahmud came to power and was occupied with the Qarakhanids north of the Hindu Kush, Jaipal attacked Ghazni once more and upon suffering yet another defeat by the powe...	In what year was Jaipal again soundly defeated by the Muslims?	{ "answer_start": [ 130 ], "text": [ "1001" ] }
5728989e3acd2414000dfb4e	History_of_India	However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni. In the year 1001, soon after Sultan Mahmud came to power and was occupied with the Qarakhanids north of the Hindu Kush, Jaipal attacked Ghazni once more and upon suffering yet another defeat by the powe...	Where was the location of the Shahi defeat by the Muslims?	{ "answer_start": [ 380 ], "text": [ "Battle of Peshawar" ] }
5728989e3acd2414000dfb4f	History_of_India	However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni. In the year 1001, soon after Sultan Mahmud came to power and was occupied with the Qarakhanids north of the Hindu Kush, Jaipal attacked Ghazni once more and upon suffering yet another defeat by the powe...	What was Jaipal action after his last defeat?	{ "answer_start": [ 403 ], "text": [ "committed suicide" ] }
5728989e3acd2414000dfb50	History_of_India	However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni. In the year 1001, soon after Sultan Mahmud came to power and was occupied with the Qarakhanids north of the Hindu Kush, Jaipal attacked Ghazni once more and upon suffering yet another defeat by the powe...	Upon what did Jaipal's subjects think he brought disaster?	{ "answer_start": [ 494 ], "text": [ "Shahi dynasty" ] }
5728989e3acd2414000dfb51	History_of_India	However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni. In the year 1001, soon after Sultan Mahmud came to power and was occupied with the Qarakhanids north of the Hindu Kush, Jaipal attacked Ghazni once more and upon suffering yet another defeat by the powe...	Who was the ruler of Ghazni?	{ "answer_start": [ 100 ], "text": [ "Mahmud of Ghazni" ] }
57289abd2ca10214002da4b4	History_of_India	Like other settled, agrarian societies in history, those in the Indian subcontinent have been attacked by nomadic tribes throughout its long history. In evaluating the impact of Islam on the sub-continent, one must note that the northwestern sub-continent was a frequent target of tribes raiding from Central Asia. In th...	From where did raiders come to attack the agrarian Indians?	{ "answer_start": [ 301 ], "text": [ "Central Asia" ] }
57289abd2ca10214002da4b5	History_of_India	Like other settled, agrarian societies in history, those in the Indian subcontinent have been attacked by nomadic tribes throughout its long history. In evaluating the impact of Islam on the sub-continent, one must note that the northwestern sub-continent was a frequent target of tribes raiding from Central Asia. In th...	After a history of raiding groups, what is not remarkable in the history of the subcontinent?	{ "answer_start": [ 334 ], "text": [ "Muslim intrusions" ] }
57289abd2ca10214002da4b6	History_of_India	Like other settled, agrarian societies in history, those in the Indian subcontinent have been attacked by nomadic tribes throughout its long history. In evaluating the impact of Islam on the sub-continent, one must note that the northwestern sub-continent was a frequent target of tribes raiding from Central Asia. In th...	Before the Muslim invasions, what did previous invaders do in the local cultures?	{ "answer_start": [ 585 ], "text": [ "assimilated" ] }
57289abd2ca10214002da4b7	History_of_India	Like other settled, agrarian societies in history, those in the Indian subcontinent have been attacked by nomadic tribes throughout its long history. In evaluating the impact of Islam on the sub-continent, one must note that the northwestern sub-continent was a frequent target of tribes raiding from Central Asia. In th...	What did the Muslim invaders staunchly keep after invading?	{ "answer_start": [ 679 ], "text": [ "Islamic identity" ] }
57289abd2ca10214002da4b8	History_of_India	Like other settled, agrarian societies in history, those in the Indian subcontinent have been attacked by nomadic tribes throughout its long history. In evaluating the impact of Islam on the sub-continent, one must note that the northwestern sub-continent was a frequent target of tribes raiding from Central Asia. In th...	What type of new Indian culture was formed from this mixture of cultures?	{ "answer_start": [ 1161 ], "text": [ "mixed" ] }
57289c362ca10214002da4be	History_of_India	The subsequent Slave dynasty of Delhi managed to conquer large areas of northern India, while the Khilji dynasty conquered most of central India but were ultimately unsuccessful in conquering and uniting the subcontinent. The Sultanate ushered in a period of Indian cultural renaissance. The resulting "Indo-Muslim" fusi...	What conquered large areas of northern India?	{ "answer_start": [ 15 ], "text": [ "Slave dynasty of Delhi" ] }
57289c362ca10214002da4bf	History_of_India	The subsequent Slave dynasty of Delhi managed to conquer large areas of northern India, while the Khilji dynasty conquered most of central India but were ultimately unsuccessful in conquering and uniting the subcontinent. The Sultanate ushered in a period of Indian cultural renaissance. The resulting "Indo-Muslim" fusi...	What dynasty captured most of central India?	{ "answer_start": [ 98 ], "text": [ "Khilji dynasty" ] }
57289c362ca10214002da4c0	History_of_India	The subsequent Slave dynasty of Delhi managed to conquer large areas of northern India, while the Khilji dynasty conquered most of central India but were ultimately unsuccessful in conquering and uniting the subcontinent. The Sultanate ushered in a period of Indian cultural renaissance. The resulting "Indo-Muslim" fusi...	What language was created during the Delhi Sultanate?	{ "answer_start": [ 464 ], "text": [ "Urdu" ] }
57289c362ca10214002da4c1	History_of_India	The subsequent Slave dynasty of Delhi managed to conquer large areas of northern India, while the Khilji dynasty conquered most of central India but were ultimately unsuccessful in conquering and uniting the subcontinent. The Sultanate ushered in a period of Indian cultural renaissance. The resulting "Indo-Muslim" fusi...	Who was the only female sultana to be enthroned in a Indo-Islamic empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 836 ], "text": [ "Razia Sultana" ] }
57289c362ca10214002da4c2	History_of_India	The subsequent Slave dynasty of Delhi managed to conquer large areas of northern India, while the Khilji dynasty conquered most of central India but were ultimately unsuccessful in conquering and uniting the subcontinent. The Sultanate ushered in a period of Indian cultural renaissance. The resulting "Indo-Muslim" fusi...	By what is the fusion of Islamic and Indian cultures called?	{ "answer_start": [ 303 ], "text": [ "Indo-Muslim" ] }
57289df84b864d1900164ad2	History_of_India	A Turco-Mongol conqueror in Central Asia, Timur (Tamerlane), attacked the reigning Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud of the Tughlaq Dynasty in the north Indian city of Delhi. The Sultan's army was defeated on 17 December 1398. Timur entered Delhi and the city was sacked, destroyed, and left in ruins, after Timur's army had kil...	What Turko-Mongol attacked and defeated the Sultan of Tughlaq dynasty?	{ "answer_start": [ 42 ], "text": [ "Timur" ] }
57289df84b864d1900164ad3	History_of_India	A Turco-Mongol conqueror in Central Asia, Timur (Tamerlane), attacked the reigning Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud of the Tughlaq Dynasty in the north Indian city of Delhi. The Sultan's army was defeated on 17 December 1398. Timur entered Delhi and the city was sacked, destroyed, and left in ruins, after Timur's army had kil...	On what date did Timur beat the Delhi Sultan?	{ "answer_start": [ 201 ], "text": [ "17 December 1398" ] }
57289df84b864d1900164ad4	History_of_India	A Turco-Mongol conqueror in Central Asia, Timur (Tamerlane), attacked the reigning Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud of the Tughlaq Dynasty in the north Indian city of Delhi. The Sultan's army was defeated on 17 December 1398. Timur entered Delhi and the city was sacked, destroyed, and left in ruins, after Timur's army had kil...	In what shape did Timur leave the city of Delhi?	{ "answer_start": [ 284 ], "text": [ "in ruins" ] }
57289df84b864d1900164ad5	History_of_India	A Turco-Mongol conqueror in Central Asia, Timur (Tamerlane), attacked the reigning Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud of the Tughlaq Dynasty in the north Indian city of Delhi. The Sultan's army was defeated on 17 December 1398. Timur entered Delhi and the city was sacked, destroyed, and left in ruins, after Timur's army had kil...	How many prisoners of war were executed in the sack of Delhi?	{ "answer_start": [ 473 ], "text": [ "100,000" ] }
57289df84b864d1900164ad6	History_of_India	A Turco-Mongol conqueror in Central Asia, Timur (Tamerlane), attacked the reigning Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud of the Tughlaq Dynasty in the north Indian city of Delhi. The Sultan's army was defeated on 17 December 1398. Timur entered Delhi and the city was sacked, destroyed, and left in ruins, after Timur's army had kil...	What were exempted from death by Timur when ordering Delhi sacked?	{ "answer_start": [ 419 ], "text": [ "sayyids" ] }
57289ffd4b864d1900164aec	History_of_India	The Empire was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surrou...	In what year was Sangama Dynasty formed?	{ "answer_start": [ 30 ], "text": [ "1336" ] }
57289ffd4b864d1900164aed	History_of_India	The Empire was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surrou...	At what location are the best known monuments in the south of India?	{ "answer_start": [ 498 ], "text": [ "Hampi" ] }
57289ffd4b864d1900164aee	History_of_India	The Empire was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surrou...	What mathematician founded the Kerala school of astronomy?	{ "answer_start": [ 926 ], "text": [ "Madhava of Sangamagrama" ] }
57289ffd4b864d1900164aef	History_of_India	The Empire was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surrou...	When was the Kerala school established?	{ "answer_start": [ 1019 ], "text": [ "14th century" ] }
57289ffd4b864d1900164af0	History_of_India	The Empire was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surrou...	What did the Vijayanagara Empire promote to unify Indian culture?	{ "answer_start": [ 1573 ], "text": [ "Hinduism" ] }
5728a1f12ca10214002da4f0	History_of_India	For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th, the politics in the Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate and in the Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire which originated as a political heir of the erstwhile Hoysala Empire and Pandyan Empire. However, there were other regional powers present as well. ...	From the mid 13th century, what dominated politics in northern India?	{ "answer_start": [ 104 ], "text": [ "Delhi Sultanate" ] }
5728a1f12ca10214002da4f1	History_of_India	For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th, the politics in the Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate and in the Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire which originated as a political heir of the erstwhile Hoysala Empire and Pandyan Empire. However, there were other regional powers present as well. ...	What empire dominated in the south of India in the 13th century?	{ "answer_start": [ 153 ], "text": [ "Vijayanagar Empire" ] }
5728a1f12ca10214002da4f2	History_of_India	For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th, the politics in the Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate and in the Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire which originated as a political heir of the erstwhile Hoysala Empire and Pandyan Empire. However, there were other regional powers present as well. ...	What group dominated in western and central India at the start of the 13th century?	{ "answer_start": [ 338 ], "text": [ "Rajputs" ] }
5728a1f12ca10214002da4f3	History_of_India	For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th, the politics in the Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate and in the Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire which originated as a political heir of the erstwhile Hoysala Empire and Pandyan Empire. However, there were other regional powers present as well. ...	Gajapati Kingdom was powerful in the east for how many centuries?	{ "answer_start": [ 1167 ], "text": [ "six centuries" ] }
5728a1f12ca10214002da4f4	History_of_India	For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th, the politics in the Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate and in the Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire which originated as a political heir of the erstwhile Hoysala Empire and Pandyan Empire. However, there were other regional powers present as well. ...	What empire beat the last Bahmani Sultanate?	{ "answer_start": [ 711 ], "text": [ "Vijayanagara Empire" ] }
5728a31d4b864d1900164b14	History_of_India	Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826) was a kingdom and tribe which rose to prominence in present-day Assam early in the thirteenth century. They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838. The Ahoms brought with them a tribal religion and a language of their own, however they later me...	What kingdom came to power in Assam?	{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Ahom Kingdom" ] }
5728a31d4b864d1900164b15	History_of_India	Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826) was a kingdom and tribe which rose to prominence in present-day Assam early in the thirteenth century. They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838. The Ahoms brought with them a tribal religion and a language of their own, however they later me...	What was the span of time fro the Ahom Kingdom?	{ "answer_start": [ 14 ], "text": [ "1228–1826" ] }
5728a31d4b864d1900164b16	History_of_India	Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826) was a kingdom and tribe which rose to prominence in present-day Assam early in the thirteenth century. They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838. The Ahoms brought with them a tribal religion and a language of their own, however they later me...	What event caused the end of Ahom rule in Assam?	{ "answer_start": [ 202 ], "text": [ "British rule" ] }
5728a31d4b864d1900164b17	History_of_India	Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826) was a kingdom and tribe which rose to prominence in present-day Assam early in the thirteenth century. They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838. The Ahoms brought with them a tribal religion and a language of their own, however they later me...	With what religion did the Ahom merge?	{ "answer_start": [ 334 ], "text": [ "Hindu" ] }
5728a31d4b864d1900164b18	History_of_India	Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826) was a kingdom and tribe which rose to prominence in present-day Assam early in the thirteenth century. They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838. The Ahoms brought with them a tribal religion and a language of their own, however they later me...	What group repeatedly tried and failed to conquer the Ahom?	{ "answer_start": [ 427 ], "text": [ "Muslim rulers of Delhi" ] }
5728a4d44b864d1900164b4e	History_of_India	In 1526, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire, which at its zenith covered modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher...	What empire did Babur found in northern India?	{ "answer_start": [ 157 ], "text": [ "Mughal Empire" ] }
5728a4d44b864d1900164b4f	History_of_India	In 1526, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire, which at its zenith covered modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher...	Who defeated Babur's son in 1540?	{ "answer_start": [ 316 ], "text": [ "Sher Shah Suri" ] }
5728a4d44b864d1900164b50	History_of_India	In 1526, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire, which at its zenith covered modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher...	Of what nationality was Sher Shah Suri?	{ "answer_start": [ 301 ], "text": [ "Afghan" ] }
5728a4d44b864d1900164b51	History_of_India	In 1526, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire, which at its zenith covered modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher...	At what place did Akbar's army defeat Hemu in 1556?	{ "answer_start": [ 720 ], "text": [ "Second Battle of Panipat" ] }
5728a4d44b864d1900164b52	History_of_India	In 1526, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire, which at its zenith covered modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher...	By what route did Babur enter India?	{ "answer_start": [ 125 ], "text": [ "Khyber Pass" ] }
5728a76a2ca10214002da534	History_of_India	Akbar's son, Jahangir more or less followed father's policy. The Mughal dynasty ruled most of the Indian subcontinent by 1600. The reign of Shah Jahan was the golden age of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the R...	By what date did the Mughal dynasty rule most of India?	{ "answer_start": [ 121 ], "text": [ "1600" ] }
5728a76a2ca10214002da535	History_of_India	Akbar's son, Jahangir more or less followed father's policy. The Mughal dynasty ruled most of the Indian subcontinent by 1600. The reign of Shah Jahan was the golden age of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the R...	What famous monument did Shah Jahan build at Agra?	{ "answer_start": [ 262 ], "text": [ "Taj Mahal" ] }
5728a76a2ca10214002da538	History_of_India	Akbar's son, Jahangir more or less followed father's policy. The Mughal dynasty ruled most of the Indian subcontinent by 1600. The reign of Shah Jahan was the golden age of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the R...	What reached it height during the reign of Shah Jehan?	{ "answer_start": [ 173 ], "text": [ "Mughal architecture" ] }
5728a76a2ca10214002da537	History_of_India	Akbar's son, Jahangir more or less followed father's policy. The Mughal dynasty ruled most of the Indian subcontinent by 1600. The reign of Shah Jahan was the golden age of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the R...	What actions caused the decline of the Mughal Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 526 ], "text": [ "Maratha military resurgence" ] }
5728a76a2ca10214002da536	History_of_India	Akbar's son, Jahangir more or less followed father's policy. The Mughal dynasty ruled most of the Indian subcontinent by 1600. The reign of Shah Jahan was the golden age of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the R...	During whose reign did the Mughal Empire reach its greatest expanse?	{ "answer_start": [ 458 ], "text": [ "Aurangzeb" ] }
5728a97f3acd2414000dfc3d	History_of_India	The empire went into decline thereafter. The Mughals suffered several blows due to invasions from Marathas and Afghans. During the decline of the Mughal Empire, several smaller states rose to fill the power vacuum and themselves were contributing factors to the decline. In 1737, the Maratha general Bajirao of the Marat...	What groups invaded and damaged the Mughals?	{ "answer_start": [ 98 ], "text": [ "Marathas and Afghans" ] }
5728a97f3acd2414000dfc3e	History_of_India	The empire went into decline thereafter. The Mughals suffered several blows due to invasions from Marathas and Afghans. During the decline of the Mughal Empire, several smaller states rose to fill the power vacuum and themselves were contributing factors to the decline. In 1737, the Maratha general Bajirao of the Marat...	Who attacked and plundered Delhi in 1737?	{ "answer_start": [ 284 ], "text": [ "Maratha general Bajirao" ] }
5728a97f3acd2414000dfc3f	History_of_India	The empire went into decline thereafter. The Mughals suffered several blows due to invasions from Marathas and Afghans. During the decline of the Mughal Empire, several smaller states rose to fill the power vacuum and themselves were contributing factors to the decline. In 1737, the Maratha general Bajirao of the Marat...	Who was the final Commander-in-chief of the Mughal army?	{ "answer_start": [ 685 ], "text": [ "Nizam-ul-mulk" ] }
5728a97f3acd2414000dfc40	History_of_India	The empire went into decline thereafter. The Mughals suffered several blows due to invasions from Marathas and Afghans. During the decline of the Mughal Empire, several smaller states rose to fill the power vacuum and themselves were contributing factors to the decline. In 1737, the Maratha general Bajirao of the Marat...	What was the site of the final battle for the Mughals?	{ "answer_start": [ 714 ], "text": [ "Bhopal" ] }
5728a97f3acd2414000dfc41	History_of_India	The empire went into decline thereafter. The Mughals suffered several blows due to invasions from Marathas and Afghans. During the decline of the Mughal Empire, several smaller states rose to fill the power vacuum and themselves were contributing factors to the decline. In 1737, the Maratha general Bajirao of the Marat...	What was the Indian Rebellion of 1857 also called?	{ "answer_start": [ 1164 ], "text": [ "1857 War of Independence" ] }
5728ad383acd2414000dfcb3	History_of_India	The Mughals were perhaps the richest single dynasty to have ever existed. During the Mughal era, the dominant political forces consisted of the Mughal Empire and its tributaries and, later on, the rising successor states – including the Maratha Empire – which fought an increasingly weak Mughal dynasty. The Mughals, whi...	What was the richest of all the dynasties?	{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "The Mughals" ] }
5728ad383acd2414000dfcb4	History_of_India	The Mughals were perhaps the richest single dynasty to have ever existed. During the Mughal era, the dominant political forces consisted of the Mughal Empire and its tributaries and, later on, the rising successor states – including the Maratha Empire – which fought an increasingly weak Mughal dynasty. The Mughals, whi...	What policy made the Mughals a successful dynasty?	{ "answer_start": [ 397 ], "text": [ "integration with Indian culture" ] }
5728ad383acd2414000dfcb5	History_of_India	The Mughals were perhaps the richest single dynasty to have ever existed. During the Mughal era, the dominant political forces consisted of the Mughal Empire and its tributaries and, later on, the rising successor states – including the Maratha Empire – which fought an increasingly weak Mughal dynasty. The Mughals, whi...	Which Mughal ruler tried to form a good relationship with non-Muslims?	{ "answer_start": [ 728 ], "text": [ "emperor Akbar" ] }
5728ad383acd2414000dfcb6	History_of_India	The Mughals were perhaps the richest single dynasty to have ever existed. During the Mughal era, the dominant political forces consisted of the Mughal Empire and its tributaries and, later on, the rising successor states – including the Maratha Empire – which fought an increasingly weak Mughal dynasty. The Mughals, whi...	Which Mughal ruler tried to establish complete dominance over the Hindu populace?	{ "answer_start": [ 862 ], "text": [ "Aurangazeb" ] }
5728ad383acd2414000dfcb7	History_of_India	The Mughals were perhaps the richest single dynasty to have ever existed. During the Mughal era, the dominant political forces consisted of the Mughal Empire and its tributaries and, later on, the rising successor states – including the Maratha Empire – which fought an increasingly weak Mughal dynasty. The Mughals, whi...	With what styles did Mughal Rulers merge their Tuko-Persian culture?	{ "answer_start": [ 1292 ], "text": [ "ancient Indian" ] }
5728af382ca10214002da5ba	History_of_India	The post-Mughal era was dominated by the rise of the Maratha suzerainty as other small regional states (mostly late Mughal tributary states) emerged, and also by the increasing activities of European powers. There is no doubt that the single most important power to emerge in the long twilight of the Mughal dynasty was ...	The rise of what dynasty followed the era of the Mughals?	{ "answer_start": [ 53 ], "text": [ "Maratha suzerainty" ] }
5728af382ca10214002da5bb	History_of_India	The post-Mughal era was dominated by the rise of the Maratha suzerainty as other small regional states (mostly late Mughal tributary states) emerged, and also by the increasing activities of European powers. There is no doubt that the single most important power to emerge in the long twilight of the Mughal dynasty was ...	What founding was of importance in the decline of the Mughals?	{ "answer_start": [ 324 ], "text": [ "Maratha confederacy" ] }
5728af382ca10214002da5bc	History_of_India	The post-Mughal era was dominated by the rise of the Maratha suzerainty as other small regional states (mostly late Mughal tributary states) emerged, and also by the increasing activities of European powers. There is no doubt that the single most important power to emerge in the long twilight of the Mughal dynasty was ...	Who consolidated the Maratha kingdom?	{ "answer_start": [ 397 ], "text": [ "Chatrapati Shivaji" ] }
5728af382ca10214002da5bd	History_of_India	The post-Mughal era was dominated by the rise of the Maratha suzerainty as other small regional states (mostly late Mughal tributary states) emerged, and also by the increasing activities of European powers. There is no doubt that the single most important power to emerge in the long twilight of the Mughal dynasty was ...	What did J.N. Sarkar say of Shivaji's nation building?	{ "answer_start": [ 555 ], "text": [ "great constructive genius" ] }
5728af382ca10214002da5be	History_of_India	The post-Mughal era was dominated by the rise of the Maratha suzerainty as other small regional states (mostly late Mughal tributary states) emerged, and also by the increasing activities of European powers. There is no doubt that the single most important power to emerge in the long twilight of the Mughal dynasty was ...	Who made the Marathas a strong power?	{ "answer_start": [ 715 ], "text": [ "Peshwa Bajirao I" ] }
5728b0cbff5b5019007da48e	History_of_India	By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Na...	By when had the Maratha kingdom become an empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 7 ], "text": [ "early 18th century" ] }
5728b0cbff5b5019007da48f	History_of_India	By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Na...	Who ruled the Maratha Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 116 ], "text": [ "Peshwas" ] }
5728b0cbff5b5019007da490	History_of_India	By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Na...	What were Peshwas?	{ "answer_start": [ 125 ], "text": [ "prime ministers" ] }
5728b0cbff5b5019007da491	History_of_India	By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Na...	By what year had the Maratha Empire covered most of the subcontinent?	{ "answer_start": [ 1120 ], "text": [ "1760" ] }
5728b0cbff5b5019007da492	History_of_India	By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Na...	In the end, what empire defeated the Maratha Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 1436 ], "text": [ "British" ] }
5728b2a2ff5b5019007da4b6	History_of_India	The Punjabi kingdom, ruled by members of the Sikh religion, was a political entity that governed the region of modern-day Punjab. The empire, based around the Punjab region, existed from 1799 to 1849. It was forged, on the foundations of the Khalsa, under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839) from an arra...	Followers what religion were the rulers of the Punjabi Kingdom?	{ "answer_start": [ 45 ], "text": [ "Sikh religion" ] }
5728b2a2ff5b5019007da4b7	History_of_India	The Punjabi kingdom, ruled by members of the Sikh religion, was a political entity that governed the region of modern-day Punjab. The empire, based around the Punjab region, existed from 1799 to 1849. It was forged, on the foundations of the Khalsa, under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839) from an arra...	What was the time span of the Punjabi Kingdom?	{ "answer_start": [ 187 ], "text": [ "1799 to 1849" ] }
5728b2a2ff5b5019007da4b8	History_of_India	The Punjabi kingdom, ruled by members of the Sikh religion, was a political entity that governed the region of modern-day Punjab. The empire, based around the Punjab region, existed from 1799 to 1849. It was forged, on the foundations of the Khalsa, under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839) from an arra...	Who was the leader of the Punjabis?	{ "answer_start": [ 274 ], "text": [ "Maharaja Ranjit Singh" ] }
5728b2a2ff5b5019007da4b9	History_of_India	The Punjabi kingdom, ruled by members of the Sikh religion, was a political entity that governed the region of modern-day Punjab. The empire, based around the Punjab region, existed from 1799 to 1849. It was forged, on the foundations of the Khalsa, under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839) from an arra...	On what was the disciplined force Singh relied?	{ "answer_start": [ 453 ], "text": [ "Sikh army" ] }
5728b2a2ff5b5019007da4ba	History_of_India	The Punjabi kingdom, ruled by members of the Sikh religion, was a political entity that governed the region of modern-day Punjab. The empire, based around the Punjab region, existed from 1799 to 1849. It was forged, on the foundations of the Khalsa, under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839) from an arra...	Who finally was able to conquer the Sikh Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 1091 ], "text": [ "British" ] }
5728b45f3acd2414000dfd15	History_of_India	There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrup...	To what Kingdom did many small kingdoms pay tribute?	{ "answer_start": [ 191 ], "text": [ "Marathas" ] }
5728b45f3acd2414000dfd16	History_of_India	There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrup...	What kingdom was founded in Mysore in 1400 CE?	{ "answer_start": [ 213 ], "text": [ "Wodeyar" ] }
5728b45f3acd2414000dfd17	History_of_India	There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrup...	What groups was Mysore fighting in the later half of the 18th century?	{ "answer_start": [ 494 ], "text": [ "British and Marathas" ] }
5728b45f3acd2414000dfd18	History_of_India	There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrup...	What country promised aid to Mysore to fight the British?	{ "answer_start": [ 602 ], "text": [ "the French" ] }
5728b45f3acd2414000dfd19	History_of_India	There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrup...	Who took over rule of Mysore in the 18th century?	{ "answer_start": [ 327 ], "text": [ "Hyder Ali" ] }
5728b6544b864d1900164c9e	History_of_India	The next to arrive were the Dutch, with their main base in Ceylon. The British—who set up a trading post in the west coast port of Surat in 1619—and the French. The internal conflicts among Indian kingdoms gave opportunities to the European traders to gradually establish political influence and appropriate lands. Altho...	In what country was the trading base for the Dutch?	{ "answer_start": [ 59 ], "text": [ "Ceylon" ] }
5728b6544b864d1900164c9f	History_of_India	The next to arrive were the Dutch, with their main base in Ceylon. The British—who set up a trading post in the west coast port of Surat in 1619—and the French. The internal conflicts among Indian kingdoms gave opportunities to the European traders to gradually establish political influence and appropriate lands. Altho...	Where did the British initially establish a trading base?	{ "answer_start": [ 123 ], "text": [ "port of Surat" ] }
5728b6544b864d1900164ca0	History_of_India	The next to arrive were the Dutch, with their main base in Ceylon. The British—who set up a trading post in the west coast port of Surat in 1619—and the French. The internal conflicts among Indian kingdoms gave opportunities to the European traders to gradually establish political influence and appropriate lands. Altho...	What was the third European country to establish trading with India?	{ "answer_start": [ 153 ], "text": [ "French" ] }
5728b6544b864d1900164ca1	History_of_India	The next to arrive were the Dutch, with their main base in Ceylon. The British—who set up a trading post in the west coast port of Surat in 1619—and the French. The internal conflicts among Indian kingdoms gave opportunities to the European traders to gradually establish political influence and appropriate lands. Altho...	What actions by the Indian kingdoms gave the European traders the opportunity to acquire lands and influence?	{ "answer_start": [ 165 ], "text": [ "internal conflicts" ] }
5728b6544b864d1900164ca2	History_of_India	The next to arrive were the Dutch, with their main base in Ceylon. The British—who set up a trading post in the west coast port of Surat in 1619—and the French. The internal conflicts among Indian kingdoms gave opportunities to the European traders to gradually establish political influence and appropriate lands. Altho...	To whom did the foreigners lose most of their acquired lands?	{ "answer_start": [ 510 ], "text": [ "British" ] }
5728b8862ca10214002da658	History_of_India	The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real...	What ruler opposed the British use of permits and ended up at war?	{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah" ] }
5728b8862ca10214002da659	History_of_India	The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real...	What British company was heavily involved in the defeat of the Nawab's forces?	{ "answer_start": [ 210 ], "text": [ "East India Company" ] }
5728b8862ca10214002da65a	History_of_India	The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real...	Who did the East India Company appoint as Governor of Bengal?	{ "answer_start": [ 237 ], "text": [ "Robert Clive" ] }
5728b8862ca10214002da65b	History_of_India	The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real...	What type of land taxation system did the East India Company instigate in Bengal?	{ "answer_start": [ 1143 ], "text": [ "feudal" ] }
5728b8862ca10214002da65c	History_of_India	The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits. This led to the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, in which the Bengal Army of the East India Company, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French-supported Nawab's forces. This was the first real...	How did the East India Company handle trade in Bengal?	{ "answer_start": [ 1020 ], "text": [ "monopolized" ] }
5728ba8d4b864d1900164d00	History_of_India	As a result of the three Carnatic Wars, the British East India Company gained exclusive control over the entire Carnatic region of India. The Company soon expanded its territories around its bases in Bombay and Madras; the Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–1799) and later the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) led to control of the ...	What whole region did the East India company get control over after the Carnatic Wars?	{ "answer_start": [ 112 ], "text": [ "Carnatic" ] }
5728ba8d4b864d1900164d01	History_of_India	As a result of the three Carnatic Wars, the British East India Company gained exclusive control over the entire Carnatic region of India. The Company soon expanded its territories around its bases in Bombay and Madras; the Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–1799) and later the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) led to control of the ...	During what time were the Anglo-Mysore Wars?	{ "answer_start": [ 242 ], "text": [ "1766–1799" ] }
5728ba8d4b864d1900164d02	History_of_India	As a result of the three Carnatic Wars, the British East India Company gained exclusive control over the entire Carnatic region of India. The Company soon expanded its territories around its bases in Bombay and Madras; the Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–1799) and later the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) led to control of the ...	When were the Anglo-Maratha Wars fought?	{ "answer_start": [ 287 ], "text": [ "1772–1818" ] }
5728ba8d4b864d1900164d03	History_of_India	As a result of the three Carnatic Wars, the British East India Company gained exclusive control over the entire Carnatic region of India. The Company soon expanded its territories around its bases in Bombay and Madras; the Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–1799) and later the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) led to control of the ...	To what dynasty was Kashmir sold in 1849?	{ "answer_start": [ 638 ], "text": [ "Dogra Dynasty of Jammu" ] }
5728ba8d4b864d1900164d04	History_of_India	As a result of the three Carnatic Wars, the British East India Company gained exclusive control over the entire Carnatic region of India. The Company soon expanded its territories around its bases in Bombay and Madras; the Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–1799) and later the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) led to control of the ...	After the sale of Kashmir, what did the area become?	{ "answer_start": [ 682 ], "text": [ "princely state" ] }
5728bc02ff5b5019007da5a2	History_of_India	The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppr...	What did the soldiers rebel against in the Indian Rebellion of 1857?	{ "answer_start": [ 146 ], "text": [ "Company's rule" ] }
5728bc02ff5b5019007da5a3	History_of_India	The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppr...	What happened to the rebels of the Rebellion?	{ "answer_start": [ 306 ], "text": [ "brutally suppressed" ] }
5728bc02ff5b5019007da5a4	History_of_India	The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppr...	What force took control of the company and the situation?	{ "answer_start": [ 334 ], "text": [ "British government" ] }
5728bc02ff5b5019007da5a5	History_of_India	The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppr...	What did the British government intend to keep in regards to India?	{ "answer_start": [ 478 ], "text": [ "full control" ] }
5728bc02ff5b5019007da5a6	History_of_India	The Indian rebellion of 1857 was a large-scale rebellion by soldiers employed by the British East India in northern and central India against the Company's rule. The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding. They were brutally suppr...	What did the British government remove that had caused the Rebellion?	{ "answer_start": [ 408 ], "text": [ "grievances" ] }
5728bd923acd2414000dfd81	History_of_India	In the aftermath, all power was transferred from the East India Company to the British Crown, which began to administer most of India as a number of provinces. The Crown controlled the Company's lands directly and had considerable indirect influence over the rest of India, which consisted of the Princely states ruled b...	To what entity was all the power of the East India Company transferred?	{ "answer_start": [ 79 ], "text": [ "British Crown" ] }
5728bd923acd2414000dfd82	History_of_India	In the aftermath, all power was transferred from the East India Company to the British Crown, which began to administer most of India as a number of provinces. The Crown controlled the Company's lands directly and had considerable indirect influence over the rest of India, which consisted of the Princely states ruled b...	How did Britain govern the vast area of India?	{ "answer_start": [ 149 ], "text": [ "provinces" ] }

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