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572f96ce947a6a140053ca90
Modern_history
After World War II, Europe was informally split into Western and Soviet spheres of influence. Western Europe later aligned as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Eastern Europe as the Warsaw Pact. There was a shift in power from Western Europe and the British Empire to the two new superpowers, the United ...
Who battled in the cold war?
{ "answer_start": [ 313 ], "text": [ "United States and the Soviet Union." ] }
572f96ce947a6a140053ca8f
Modern_history
After World War II, Europe was informally split into Western and Soviet spheres of influence. Western Europe later aligned as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Eastern Europe as the Warsaw Pact. There was a shift in power from Western Europe and the British Empire to the two new superpowers, the United ...
What does the term NATO represent?
{ "answer_start": [ 130 ], "text": [ "North Atlantic Treaty Organization" ] }
572f96ce947a6a140053ca91
Modern_history
After World War II, Europe was informally split into Western and Soviet spheres of influence. Western Europe later aligned as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Eastern Europe as the Warsaw Pact. There was a shift in power from Western Europe and the British Empire to the two new superpowers, the United ...
What did the defeat of Japan mean for Asia?
{ "answer_start": [ 433 ], "text": [ "led to its democratization." ] }
572f96ce947a6a140053ca92
Modern_history
After World War II, Europe was informally split into Western and Soviet spheres of influence. Western Europe later aligned as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Eastern Europe as the Warsaw Pact. There was a shift in power from Western Europe and the British Empire to the two new superpowers, the United ...
What did China name themselves after the war?
{ "answer_start": [ 561 ], "text": [ "the People's Republic of China." ] }
572f98fa04bcaa1900d76ac9
Modern_history
Over the course of the 20th century, the world's per-capita gross domestic product grew by a factor of five, much more than all earlier centuries combined (including the 19th with its Industrial Revolution). Many economists make the case that this understates the magnitude of growth, as many of the goods and services c...
By what percentage did the world's per-capita gross domestic product grow by during the 20th century?
{ "answer_start": [ 91 ], "text": [ "a factor of five" ] }
572f98fa04bcaa1900d76aca
Modern_history
Over the course of the 20th century, the world's per-capita gross domestic product grew by a factor of five, much more than all earlier centuries combined (including the 19th with its Industrial Revolution). Many economists make the case that this understates the magnitude of growth, as many of the goods and services c...
What has Modern medicine increased the average life expectancy by?
{ "answer_start": [ 442 ], "text": [ "two decades" ] }
572f98fa04bcaa1900d76acb
Modern_history
Over the course of the 20th century, the world's per-capita gross domestic product grew by a factor of five, much more than all earlier centuries combined (including the 19th with its Industrial Revolution). Many economists make the case that this understates the magnitude of growth, as many of the goods and services c...
What happened to the income gap between the rich and the poor?
{ "answer_start": [ 547 ], "text": [ "the gulf between the world's rich and poor grew wider" ] }
572f9c0bb2c2fd1400568243
Modern_history
Still, advancing technology and medicine has had a great impact even in the Global South. Large-scale industry and more centralized media made brutal dictatorships possible on an unprecedented scale in the middle of the century, leading to wars that were also unprecedented. However, the increased communications contrib...
What did the media industry make possible in the middle of the century?
{ "answer_start": [ 143 ], "text": [ "brutal dictatorships" ] }
572f9c0bb2c2fd1400568244
Modern_history
Still, advancing technology and medicine has had a great impact even in the Global South. Large-scale industry and more centralized media made brutal dictatorships possible on an unprecedented scale in the middle of the century, leading to wars that were also unprecedented. However, the increased communications contrib...
What did the brutal dictatorships caused by the media lead to?
{ "answer_start": [ 240 ], "text": [ "wars" ] }
572f9c0bb2c2fd1400568245
Modern_history
Still, advancing technology and medicine has had a great impact even in the Global South. Large-scale industry and more centralized media made brutal dictatorships possible on an unprecedented scale in the middle of the century, leading to wars that were also unprecedented. However, the increased communications contrib...
What did increased communications lead contribute to?
{ "answer_start": [ 328 ], "text": [ "democratization" ] }
572f9c0bb2c2fd1400568246
Modern_history
Still, advancing technology and medicine has had a great impact even in the Global South. Large-scale industry and more centralized media made brutal dictatorships possible on an unprecedented scale in the middle of the century, leading to wars that were also unprecedented. However, the increased communications contrib...
What time period did technological advances lead to?
{ "answer_start": [ 497 ], "text": [ "the Information Age" ] }
572fa080947a6a140053cade
Modern_history
The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of "containment" of communism and forged myriad a...
what did the Soviet Union annex some of it's territory as?
{ "answer_start": [ 90 ], "text": [ "Soviet Socialist Republics" ] }
572fa080947a6a140053cadf
Modern_history
The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of "containment" of communism and forged myriad a...
What did the territory the Soviet Union maintained as satellite states, later became known as?
{ "answer_start": [ 182 ], "text": [ "the Warsaw Pact" ] }
572fa080947a6a140053cae0
Modern_history
The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of "containment" of communism and forged myriad a...
The United States and many Western countries began what policy to fight communism?
{ "answer_start": [ 274 ], "text": [ "\"containment\"" ] }
572fa080947a6a140053cae1
Modern_history
The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of "containment" of communism and forged myriad a...
What did the soviets opposed rebuilding?
{ "answer_start": [ 432 ], "text": [ "rebuilding of western Europe" ] }
572fa080947a6a140053cae2
Modern_history
The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact. The United States and various western European countries began a policy of "containment" of communism and forged myriad a...
What actions of the Soviet Union did The United States oppose?
{ "answer_start": [ 589 ], "text": [ "the Soviet Union fostered communist revolutionary movements," ] }
572fa269a23a5019007fc7f2
Modern_history
The Cold War saw periods of both heightened tension and relative calm. International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in...
Through what time period did the Berlin Blockade last?
{ "answer_start": [ 128 ], "text": [ "1948–1949" ] }
572fa269a23a5019007fc7f1
Modern_history
The Cold War saw periods of both heightened tension and relative calm. International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in...
What types of periods did the cold war see?
{ "answer_start": [ 33 ], "text": [ "heightened tension and relative calm." ] }
572fa269a23a5019007fc7f3
Modern_history
The Cold War saw periods of both heightened tension and relative calm. International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in...
Through what time period did the Korean War last?
{ "answer_start": [ 156 ], "text": [ "1950–1953)" ] }
572fa269a23a5019007fc7f4
Modern_history
The Cold War saw periods of both heightened tension and relative calm. International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in...
Through what time period did the Vietnam war last?
{ "answer_start": [ 212 ], "text": [ "1959–1975" ] }
572fa269a23a5019007fc7f5
Modern_history
The Cold War saw periods of both heightened tension and relative calm. International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in...
When did the Cuban Missile crisis happen?
{ "answer_start": [ 250 ], "text": [ "1962" ] }
572fa58904bcaa1900d76b2f
Modern_history
The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The United States under President Ronald Reagan increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressure on the Soviet Union, which was already suffering from severe economic stagnation. In the second half of the 1980s, newly appointed Soviet leader Mikha...
During what time was the cold war close to happening?
{ "answer_start": [ 41 ], "text": [ "1980s and the early 1990s" ] }
572fa58904bcaa1900d76b30
Modern_history
The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The United States under President Ronald Reagan increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressure on the Soviet Union, which was already suffering from severe economic stagnation. In the second half of the 1980s, newly appointed Soviet leader Mikha...
What did the Reagan administration increase on the Soviet Union?
{ "answer_start": [ 126 ], "text": [ "diplomatic, military, and economic pressure" ] }
572fa58904bcaa1900d76b31
Modern_history
The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The United States under President Ronald Reagan increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressure on the Soviet Union, which was already suffering from severe economic stagnation. In the second half of the 1980s, newly appointed Soviet leader Mikha...
What was the Soviet Union suffering from in the 1980's?
{ "answer_start": [ 224 ], "text": [ "severe economic stagnation" ] }
572fa58904bcaa1900d76b32
Modern_history
The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The United States under President Ronald Reagan increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressure on the Soviet Union, which was already suffering from severe economic stagnation. In the second half of the 1980s, newly appointed Soviet leader Mikha...
What did Mikhail Gorbachev introduce?
{ "answer_start": [ 333 ], "text": [ "introduced the perestroika and glasnost reforms." ] }
572fa58904bcaa1900d76b33
Modern_history
The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The United States under President Ronald Reagan increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressure on the Soviet Union, which was already suffering from severe economic stagnation. In the second half of the 1980s, newly appointed Soviet leader Mikha...
In what year did the Soviet Union collapse?
{ "answer_start": [ 412 ], "text": [ "1991" ] }
572fac0904bcaa1900d76bb3
Modern_history
In Latin America in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence which prompted the right-wing, ecclesiastical authorities and a large portion of the individual country's upper class to support coup d'états to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat. This was further fueled by Cuban and United...
What caused Latin America's right-wing authorities to support coup o'etats?
{ "answer_start": [ 17 ], "text": [ "in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence" ] }
572fac0904bcaa1900d76bb4
Modern_history
In Latin America in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence which prompted the right-wing, ecclesiastical authorities and a large portion of the individual country's upper class to support coup d'états to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat. This was further fueled by Cuban and United...
Why did the Latin Americas Upper class support coup o'etats?
{ "answer_start": [ 225 ], "text": [ "to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat." ] }
572fac0904bcaa1900d76bb5
Modern_history
In Latin America in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence which prompted the right-wing, ecclesiastical authorities and a large portion of the individual country's upper class to support coup d'états to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat. This was further fueled by Cuban and United...
The regimes in the southern cone collaborated in killing of who?
{ "answer_start": [ 609 ], "text": [ "leftist dissidents" ] }
572fac0904bcaa1900d76bb6
Modern_history
In Latin America in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence which prompted the right-wing, ecclesiastical authorities and a large portion of the individual country's upper class to support coup d'états to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat. This was further fueled by Cuban and United...
What did all countries restore in the 1990's
{ "answer_start": [ 717 ], "text": [ "their democracies." ] }
572fac0904bcaa1900d76bb7
Modern_history
In Latin America in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence which prompted the right-wing, ecclesiastical authorities and a large portion of the individual country's upper class to support coup d'états to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat. This was further fueled by Cuban and United...
Where did the United States support dictatorships in the 1970"s?
{ "answer_start": [ 385 ], "text": [ "South American countries" ] }
572faf0e04bcaa1900d76be7
Modern_history
The Space Age is a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events. The Space Age began with the development of several technologies that culminated with the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union. This was the ...
What is the space age?
{ "answer_start": [ 17 ], "text": [ "a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events." ] }
572faf0e04bcaa1900d76be8
Modern_history
The Space Age is a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events. The Space Age began with the development of several technologies that culminated with the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union. This was the ...
Who launched Sputnik 1?
{ "answer_start": [ 289 ], "text": [ "the Soviet Union." ] }
572faf0e04bcaa1900d76be9
Modern_history
The Space Age is a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events. The Space Age began with the development of several technologies that culminated with the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union. This was the ...
How long does did it take for the Sputnik 1 to orbit the earth?
{ "answer_start": [ 378 ], "text": [ "98.1 minutes" ] }
572faf0e04bcaa1900d76bea
Modern_history
The Space Age is a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events. The Space Age began with the development of several technologies that culminated with the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union. This was the ...
What did Sputnik 1 usher in?
{ "answer_start": [ 693 ], "text": [ "The Space Age" ] }
572faf0e04bcaa1900d76beb
Modern_history
The Space Age is a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events. The Space Age began with the development of several technologies that culminated with the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union. This was the ...
How many people watched the Apollo 11 landing?
{ "answer_start": [ 936 ], "text": [ "500 million" ] }
572eedffc246551400ce47ba
51st_state
The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. It can also be used in a pejorative sense, meaning an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military...
What types of control are considered when labeling a country with the perjorative "51st state" label?
{ "answer_start": [ 281 ], "text": [ "excessive American cultural or military influence or control" ] }
572eedffc246551400ce47bb
51st_state
The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. It can also be used in a pejorative sense, meaning an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military...
Sometimes, when a country refers to themselves as the 51st state, what has happened to their culture?
{ "answer_start": [ 401 ], "text": [ "their local or national culture has become too Americanized" ] }
572eedffc246551400ce47bc
51st_state
The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. It can also be used in a pejorative sense, meaning an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military...
What reasoning would cause a country to be referred to as the "51st state" in a positive way?
{ "answer_start": [ 70 ], "text": [ "a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state" ] }
572efc9b03f9891900756b1d
51st_state
The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. It can also be used in a pejorative sense, meaning an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military...
What is a positive connotation of the label "51st state"?
{ "answer_start": [ 70 ], "text": [ "a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States" ] }
572efc9b03f9891900756b1e
51st_state
The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. It can also be used in a pejorative sense, meaning an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military...
What is a reason for one negative connotation of the term?
{ "answer_start": [ 238 ], "text": [ "an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military influence or control" ] }
572efc9b03f9891900756b1f
51st_state
The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. It can also be used in a pejorative sense, meaning an area or region is perceived to be under excessive American cultural or military...
If a country refers to themselves as the "51st state" after cultural changes, what can we assume has changed?
{ "answer_start": [ 401 ], "text": [ "their local or national culture has become too Americanized" ] }
572ef028c246551400ce47ca
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
What does Article IV, Section three of the US Constitution outline?
{ "answer_start": [ 82 ], "text": [ "the relationship among the states" ] }
572ef028c246551400ce47cb
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
Article IV, Section Three of th United States Constitution gives Congress the power to do what?
{ "answer_start": [ 130 ], "text": [ "the power to admit new states to the union" ] }
572ef028c246551400ce47cc
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
What does the states' requirement to give "full faith and credit" help recognize?
{ "answer_start": [ 337 ], "text": [ "legal contracts, marriages, and criminal judgments" ] }
572ef028c246551400ce47cd
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
What are all states guaranteed by the federal government?
{ "answer_start": [ 415 ], "text": [ "military and civil defense" ] }
572ef028c246551400ce47ce
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
What does Article 4, Section 4 guarantee?
{ "answer_start": [ 524 ], "text": [ "guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government" ] }
572efdd7dfa6aa1500f8d521
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
What part of the US Constitution outlines the relationship among the states?
{ "answer_start": [ 6 ], "text": [ "Article IV, Section Three" ] }
572efdd7dfa6aa1500f8d523
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
What does the concept of "full faith and credit" protect?
{ "answer_start": [ 318 ], "text": [ "the recognition of legal contracts, marriages, and criminal judgments" ] }
572efdd7dfa6aa1500f8d522
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
Article IV, Section Three allows Congress to do what?
{ "answer_start": [ 143 ], "text": [ "admit new states to the union" ] }
572efdd7dfa6aa1500f8d524
51st_state
Under Article IV, Section Three of the United States Constitution, which outlines the relationship among the states, Congress has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "full faith and credit" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include th...
What is guaranteed to the states by the federal government?
{ "answer_start": [ 415 ], "text": [ "military and civil defense" ] }
572ef128c246551400ce47d4
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
What country has been regarded as a potential new addition to the United States?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States" ] }
572ef128c246551400ce47d5
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
What percentage of voters expressed dissatisfaction with their current political relationship?
{ "answer_start": [ 129 ], "text": [ "54%" ] }
572ef128c246551400ce47d6
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
What percentage of voters supported statehood?
{ "answer_start": [ 225 ], "text": [ "61%" ] }
572ef128c246551400ce47d7
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
When did Puerto Rico resolve to request that the United States act on these results?
{ "answer_start": [ 322 ], "text": [ "December 11, 2012" ] }
572ef128c246551400ce47d8
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
What would be an ideal reaction from the United States, according to Puerto Rico?
{ "answer_start": [ 448 ], "text": [ "end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state" ] }
572efe86cb0c0d14000f16de
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
What territory has been suggested as a new addition to the United States?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Puerto Rico" ] }
572efe86cb0c0d14000f16df
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
What percentages of voters expressed unhappiness with the current political relationship between the U.S. and Puerto Rico?
{ "answer_start": [ 129 ], "text": [ "54%" ] }
572efe86cb0c0d14000f16e1
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). O...
When did the legislature of Puerto Rico request that they be considered for statehood?
{ "answer_start": [ 322 ], "text": [ "December 11, 2012" ] }
572eff62dfa6aa1500f8d53f
51st_state
Since 1898, Puerto Rico has had limited representation in the Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a nonvoting delegate. The 110th Congress returned the Commissioner's power to vote in the Committee of the Whole, but not on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation. Puerto Rico has ele...
How long has Puerto Rico had representation in Congress?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Since 1898" ] }
572eff62dfa6aa1500f8d540
51st_state
Since 1898, Puerto Rico has had limited representation in the Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a nonvoting delegate. The 110th Congress returned the Commissioner's power to vote in the Committee of the Whole, but not on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation. Puerto Rico has ele...
Who represents Puerto Rico in Congress?
{ "answer_start": [ 86 ], "text": [ "a Resident Commissioner" ] }
572eff62dfa6aa1500f8d541
51st_state
Since 1898, Puerto Rico has had limited representation in the Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a nonvoting delegate. The 110th Congress returned the Commissioner's power to vote in the Committee of the Whole, but not on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation. Puerto Rico has ele...
Which Congress gave the commissioner the power to vote?
{ "answer_start": [ 133 ], "text": [ "The 110th Congress" ] }
572eff62dfa6aa1500f8d542
51st_state
Since 1898, Puerto Rico has had limited representation in the Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a nonvoting delegate. The 110th Congress returned the Commissioner's power to vote in the Committee of the Whole, but not on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation. Puerto Rico has ele...
What is the commissioner not allowed to vote on?
{ "answer_start": [ 233 ], "text": [ "on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation" ] }
572f000003f9891900756b3f
51st_state
Residents of Puerto Rico pay U.S. federal taxes: import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, therefore contributing to the American Government. Most Puerto Rico residents do not pay federal income tax but do pay federal payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare). However, federal employees, t...
What types of taxes do Puerto Ricans pay?
{ "answer_start": [ 29 ], "text": [ "U.S. federal taxes" ] }
572f000003f9891900756b40
51st_state
Residents of Puerto Rico pay U.S. federal taxes: import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, therefore contributing to the American Government. Most Puerto Rico residents do not pay federal income tax but do pay federal payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare). However, federal employees, t...
What makes up the federal taxes Puerto Rican citizens pay?
{ "answer_start": [ 49 ], "text": [ "import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes" ] }
572f000003f9891900756b41
51st_state
Residents of Puerto Rico pay U.S. federal taxes: import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, therefore contributing to the American Government. Most Puerto Rico residents do not pay federal income tax but do pay federal payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare). However, federal employees, t...
How else can they serve the U.S.?
{ "answer_start": [ 479 ], "text": [ "Puerto Ricans may enlist in the U.S. military." ] }
572f000003f9891900756b42
51st_state
Residents of Puerto Rico pay U.S. federal taxes: import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, therefore contributing to the American Government. Most Puerto Rico residents do not pay federal income tax but do pay federal payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare). However, federal employees, t...
How many Puerto Ricans have died in the Iraq War and War in Afghanistan?
{ "answer_start": [ 591 ], "text": [ "52" ] }
572f00bdcb0c0d14000f1700
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been under U.S. sovereignty for over a century when it was ceded to the U.S. by Spain following the end of the Spanish–American War, and Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917. The island's ultimate status has not been determined as of 2012[update], its residents do not have voting representat...
In the aftermath of which war was the U.S. granted Puerto Rico?
{ "answer_start": [ 127 ], "text": [ "Spanish–American War" ] }
572f00bdcb0c0d14000f1701
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been under U.S. sovereignty for over a century when it was ceded to the U.S. by Spain following the end of the Spanish–American War, and Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917. The island's ultimate status has not been determined as of 2012[update], its residents do not have voting representat...
What country handed over Puerto Rico to the US?
{ "answer_start": [ 96 ], "text": [ "Spain" ] }
572f00bdcb0c0d14000f1702
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been under U.S. sovereignty for over a century when it was ceded to the U.S. by Spain following the end of the Spanish–American War, and Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917. The island's ultimate status has not been determined as of 2012[update], its residents do not have voting representat...
How long have Puerto Ricans been U.S. citizens?
{ "answer_start": [ 191 ], "text": [ "since 1917" ] }
572f00bdcb0c0d14000f1703
51st_state
Puerto Rico has been under U.S. sovereignty for over a century when it was ceded to the U.S. by Spain following the end of the Spanish–American War, and Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917. The island's ultimate status has not been determined as of 2012[update], its residents do not have voting representat...
What form of government do the Puerto Ricans have?
{ "answer_start": [ 541 ], "text": [ "republican" ] }
5730401c04bcaa1900d7740d
51st_state
This constitution was created when the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution in 1951. The acceptance of that constitution by Puerto Rico's electorate, the U.S. Congress, and the U.S. president occurred in 1952. In addition, the rights, priv...
How was the Puerto Rican constitution brought about?
{ "answer_start": [ 35 ], "text": [ "the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution" ] }
5730401c04bcaa1900d7740e
51st_state
This constitution was created when the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution in 1951. The acceptance of that constitution by Puerto Rico's electorate, the U.S. Congress, and the U.S. president occurred in 1952. In addition, the rights, priv...
When was the Puerto Rican constitution written?
{ "answer_start": [ 160 ], "text": [ "1951" ] }
5730401c04bcaa1900d7740f
51st_state
This constitution was created when the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution in 1951. The acceptance of that constitution by Puerto Rico's electorate, the U.S. Congress, and the U.S. president occurred in 1952. In addition, the rights, priv...
When was the constitution accepted by the electorate, U.S. Congress, and U.S. President?
{ "answer_start": [ 285 ], "text": [ "1952" ] }
5730401c04bcaa1900d77410
51st_state
This constitution was created when the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution in 1951. The acceptance of that constitution by Puerto Rico's electorate, the U.S. Congress, and the U.S. president occurred in 1952. In addition, the rights, priv...
What clause gives Puerto Rican citizens the same rights as US citizens?
{ "answer_start": [ 513 ], "text": [ "Privileges and Immunities Clause" ] }
57304103947a6a140053d344
51st_state
Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico". The Constitution of Puerto Rico which became effective in 1952 adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as "Free Associated State"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. The is...
How is Puerto Rico designated in its constitution?
{ "answer_start": [ 54 ], "text": [ "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico" ] }
57304103947a6a140053d345
51st_state
Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico". The Constitution of Puerto Rico which became effective in 1952 adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as "Free Associated State"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. The is...
What title does the country have?
{ "answer_start": [ 167 ], "text": [ "Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as \"Free Associated State\")" ] }
57304103947a6a140053d347
51st_state
Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico". The Constitution of Puerto Rico which became effective in 1952 adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as "Free Associated State"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. The is...
What act was approved on April 29th, 2010?
{ "answer_start": [ 818 ], "text": [ "The Puerto Rico Democracy Act (H.R. 2499)" ] }
57304103947a6a140053d346
51st_state
Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico". The Constitution of Puerto Rico which became effective in 1952 adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as "Free Associated State"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. The is...
What is the island under jurisdiction of?
{ "answer_start": [ 358 ], "text": [ "Territorial Clause of the U.S. Constitution" ] }
5730429d04bcaa1900d77437
51st_state
In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referend...
What percentage of voters rejected the status of territory?
{ "answer_start": [ 43 ], "text": [ "54 percent" ] }
5730429d04bcaa1900d77438
51st_state
In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referend...
What percentage of voters preferred statehood?
{ "answer_start": [ 196 ], "text": [ "61 percent" ] }
5730429d04bcaa1900d77439
51st_state
In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referend...
What percentage of voters abstained from voting on a preferred alternative status?
{ "answer_start": [ 483 ], "text": [ "one in four voters" ] }
5730429d04bcaa1900d7743a
51st_state
In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referend...
What argument do those opposing statehood use?
{ "answer_start": [ 614 ], "text": [ "the statehood option garnered only 45 percent of the votes if abstentions are included" ] }
57304372a23a5019007fd020
51st_state
The Washington Post, The New York Times and the Boston Herald have published opinion pieces expressing support for the statehood of Puerto Rico. On November 8, 2012, Washington, D.C. newspaper The Hill published an article saying that Congress will likely ignore the results of the referendum due to the circumstances be...
What newspaper suggested that Congress would ignore Puerto Rico's referendum?
{ "answer_start": [ 193 ], "text": [ "The Hill" ] }
57304372a23a5019007fd01f
51st_state
The Washington Post, The New York Times and the Boston Herald have published opinion pieces expressing support for the statehood of Puerto Rico. On November 8, 2012, Washington, D.C. newspaper The Hill published an article saying that Congress will likely ignore the results of the referendum due to the circumstances be...
What newspapers have published opinion pieces expressing support for Puerto Rico's statehood?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "The Washington Post, The New York Times and the Boston Herald" ] }
57304372a23a5019007fd021
51st_state
The Washington Post, The New York Times and the Boston Herald have published opinion pieces expressing support for the statehood of Puerto Rico. On November 8, 2012, Washington, D.C. newspaper The Hill published an article saying that Congress will likely ignore the results of the referendum due to the circumstances be...
When was that article published?
{ "answer_start": [ 148 ], "text": [ "November 8, 2012" ] }
57304372a23a5019007fd022
51st_state
The Washington Post, The New York Times and the Boston Herald have published opinion pieces expressing support for the statehood of Puerto Rico. On November 8, 2012, Washington, D.C. newspaper The Hill published an article saying that Congress will likely ignore the results of the referendum due to the circumstances be...
What Congress members agreed with the Hill's assesment?
{ "answer_start": [ 340 ], "text": [ "U.S. Congressman Luis Gutiérrez U.S. Congresswoman Nydia Velázquez" ] }
573044ce947a6a140053d386
51st_state
Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the stat...
What politicians pushed for statehood for Puerto Rico?
{ "answer_start": [ 39 ], "text": [ "Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño" ] }
573044ce947a6a140053d387
51st_state
Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the stat...
What politician fought against statehood for Puerto Rico?
{ "answer_start": [ 105 ], "text": [ "Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla" ] }
573044ce947a6a140053d388
51st_state
Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the stat...
How did these politicians voice their concerns?
{ "answer_start": [ 145 ], "text": [ "wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama" ] }
573044ce947a6a140053d389
51st_state
Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the stat...
What was the White House stance?
{ "answer_start": [ 575 ], "text": [ "the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved" ] }
573045e4b2c2fd1400568b4b
51st_state
On May 15, 2013, Resident Commissioner Pierluisi introduced H.R. 2000 to Congress to "set forth the process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union," asking for Congress to vote on ratifying Puerto Rico as the 51st state. On February 12, 2014, Senator Martin Heinrich introduced a bill in the US Senate. T...
When was H.R. 2000 introduced?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "On May 15, 2013" ] }
573045e4b2c2fd1400568b4d
51st_state
On May 15, 2013, Resident Commissioner Pierluisi introduced H.R. 2000 to Congress to "set forth the process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union," asking for Congress to vote on ratifying Puerto Rico as the 51st state. On February 12, 2014, Senator Martin Heinrich introduced a bill in the US Senate. T...
What did Senator Heinrich's bill require?
{ "answer_start": [ 342 ], "text": [ "a binding referendum to be held in Puerto Rico asking whether the territory wants to be admitted as a state." ] }
573045e4b2c2fd1400568b4e
51st_state
On May 15, 2013, Resident Commissioner Pierluisi introduced H.R. 2000 to Congress to "set forth the process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union," asking for Congress to vote on ratifying Puerto Rico as the 51st state. On February 12, 2014, Senator Martin Heinrich introduced a bill in the US Senate. T...
What would happen in the event of a yes vote in this referendum?
{ "answer_start": [ 479 ], "text": [ "the president would be asked to submit legislation to Congress to admit Puerto Rico as a state" ] }
573045e4b2c2fd1400568b4c
51st_state
On May 15, 2013, Resident Commissioner Pierluisi introduced H.R. 2000 to Congress to "set forth the process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union," asking for Congress to vote on ratifying Puerto Rico as the 51st state. On February 12, 2014, Senator Martin Heinrich introduced a bill in the US Senate. T...
What would H.R. 2000 do?
{ "answer_start": [ 86 ], "text": [ "set forth the process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union" ] }
573047ca947a6a140053d396
51st_state
Washington, D.C. is often mentioned as a candidate for statehood. In Federalist No. 43 of The Federalist Papers, James Madison considered the implications of the definition of the "seat of government" found in the United States Constitution. Although he noted potential conflicts of interest, and the need for a "municip...
Who considered the implications of the definition of the seat of government in the Constitution?
{ "answer_start": [ 113 ], "text": [ "James Madison" ] }
573047ca947a6a140053d397
51st_state
Washington, D.C. is often mentioned as a candidate for statehood. In Federalist No. 43 of The Federalist Papers, James Madison considered the implications of the definition of the "seat of government" found in the United States Constitution. Although he noted potential conflicts of interest, and the need for a "municip...
Where are these ideas located in the Federalist Papers?
{ "answer_start": [ 69 ], "text": [ "Federalist No. 43" ] }
573047ca947a6a140053d398
51st_state
Washington, D.C. is often mentioned as a candidate for statehood. In Federalist No. 43 of The Federalist Papers, James Madison considered the implications of the definition of the "seat of government" found in the United States Constitution. Although he noted potential conflicts of interest, and the need for a "municip...
What limits does the constitution have for the size of Washington, D.C.?
{ "answer_start": [ 865 ], "text": [ "the Constitution does not set a minimum size for the District" ] }
573047ca947a6a140053d399
51st_state
Washington, D.C. is often mentioned as a candidate for statehood. In Federalist No. 43 of The Federalist Papers, James Madison considered the implications of the definition of the "seat of government" found in the United States Constitution. Although he noted potential conflicts of interest, and the need for a "municip...
What caused the size of Washington, D.C. to change?
{ "answer_start": [ 975 ], "text": [ "Virginia reclaimed the portion of the District south of the Potomac" ] }
57304a372461fd1900a9ccf3
51st_state
Washington, D.C. residents who support the statehood movement sometimes use a shortened version of the Revolutionary War protest motto "No taxation without representation", omitting the initial "No", denoting their lack of Congressional representation; the phrase is now printed on newly issued Washington, D.C. license ...
What Revolutionary War motto have Washington, D.C. statehood supporters modified and used?
{ "answer_start": [ 135 ], "text": [ "\"No taxation without representation\", omitting the initial \"No\"" ] }