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Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Coco's phenotype for the fur length trait? | [
"Ff",
"short fur"
] | 1 | In a group of Syrian hamsters, some individuals have short fur and others have long fur. In this group, the gene for the fur length trait has two alleles. The allele F is for short fur, and the allele f is for long fur.
Coco, a Syrian hamster from this group, has short fur. Coco has one allele for short fur and one all... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Coco's observable version of the fur length trait is short fur. So, Coco's phenotype for the fur length trait is short fur. |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | People still debate economic policy today. Based on the definition above, which of the following is a question about economic policy? | [
"Should a panda be considered a bear?",
"Who should have the right to vote?",
"Should students raise their hands before answering?",
"Should the government raise taxes to build roads?"
] | 3 | Jacksonian America was the period of United States history from the 1820s to the 1840s. It is named after Andrew Jackson, who was president for part of that time. In the following questions, you will learn about debates that took place in Jacksonian America over economic policy. Read the definition of economic policy. ... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | The Jacksonian period | Tariff, nullification, and bank war | Look at the underlined part of the definition.
Economic policy is the set of decisions the government makes about how to get and use money and resources. It also includes rules about how people and businesses can use resources, produce goods, and earn or spend money.
Based on that definition, this choice is correct:
Sh... | |
Identify the question that Kendrick's experiment can best answer. | [
"Does temperature affect how much bacteria can grow in liquid?",
"Do more bacteria grow in liquid with cinnamon than in liquid without cinnamon?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Kendrick mixed bacteria into a nutrient-rich liquid where the bacteria could grow. He poured four ounces of the mixture into each of ten glass flasks. In five of the ten flasks, he also added one teaspoon of cinnamon. H... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Pacific Ocean. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word deep on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
danger - doll | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since deep is between the guide words danger - doll, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two bowhead whales. Which bowhead whale was moving at a lower speed? | [
"a bowhead whale that moved 15kilometers in 5hours",
"a bowhead whale that moved 10kilometers in 5hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects... | Look at the distance each bowhead whale moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One bowhead whale moved 10 kilometers in 5 hours.
The other bowhead whale moved 15 kilometers in 5 hours.
Notice that each bowhead whale spent the same amount of time moving. The bowhead whale that moved 10 kilometers moved a shor... | |
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"slippery",
"soft",
"flexible"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. All four objects are slippery.
A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The wet ice cube is not flexible.
A soft object changes shape when pressed or squeezed. The wet ice cu... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Rolf's phenotype for the fur color trait? | [
"brown fur",
"black fur"
] | 0 | In a group of Labrador retrievers, some individuals have black fur and others have brown fur. In this group, the gene for the fur color trait has two alleles. The allele for brown fur (f) is recessive to the allele for black fur (F).
Rolf is a Labrador retriever from this group. Rolf has the homozygous genotype ff for ... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | Rolf's genotype for the fur color gene is ff. Rolf's genotype of ff has only f alleles. The f allele is for brown fur. So, Rolf's phenotype for the fur color trait must be brown fur.
To check this answer, consider whether Rolf's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for brown fur (f) is recessive to the allele ... |
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in the snow? | [
"Arctic hare",
"lion"
] | 0 | Ptarmigans live in cold, snowy places. The is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow.
Figure: ptarmigan. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the ptarmigan.
During the winter, the ptarmigan has white feathers covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
During the winter, the Arctic hare has white fur cov... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Owen picked up his pace on the trail as his spidey sense began to tingle. | [
"a comic book",
"Italian history"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion spidey sense is a comic book.
The comic book superhero Spider-Man possesses a spidey sense that warns him of impending trouble.
The allusion spidey sense means a sense of danger coming. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word disinterested in its traditional sense? | [
"As a financial advisor, Katie is required to give disinterested advice and to value her clients' financial interests above her own.",
"Katie has been feeling disinterested in her work as a financial advisor; she would prefer to spend more time on her own investments."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses disinterested in its traditional sense: unbiased or impartial.
As a financial advisor, Katie is required to give disinterested advice and to value her clients' financial interests above her own.
The second text uses disinterested in its nontraditional sense: uninterested or indifferent.
Katie has be... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word does not rhyme? | [
"link",
"stink",
"tube"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | phonological-awareness | Rhyming | Which word does not rhyme? | Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound.
The words tip and slip rhyme. They both end with the ip sound.
The words lake and make rhyme. They both end with the ake sound.
The words tip and lake don't rhyme. They end with different sounds. | The words link and stink rhyme. They both end with the ink sound.
The word tube does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound. | |
What can Jenny and Olivia trade to each get what they want? | [
"Jenny can trade her tomatoes for Olivia's broccoli.",
"Olivia can trade her broccoli for Jenny's oranges.",
"Jenny can trade her tomatoes for Olivia's sandwich.",
"Olivia can trade her almonds for Jenny's tomatoes."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Jenny and Olivia open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Jenny wanted b... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Jenny wanted broccoli in her lunch and Olivia was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Jenny has tomatoes. Olivia has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Danny investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do watercolor paintings dry faster when placed next to a fan?",
"Do watercolor paintings dry faster when they are placed inside or outside?",
"Does a large watercolor painting or a small watercolor painting dry faster?"
] | 1 | Danny is painting watercolor pictures with his friend. An hour after they have finished, Danny notices one painting is dry but the other is not. He wonders what factors affect how quickly watercolor paintings dry. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two freshly painted water... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
half - history | [
"hockey",
"hen"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since hen is between the guide words half - history, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
The audience's thunderous applause left me completely speechless! | [
"declarative",
"interrogative",
"exclamatory"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming... | The sentence tells about something, but it shows strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point. It is an exclamatory sentence. | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A mus... | |
What is the capital of Oregon? | [
"Salem",
"Olympia",
"Portland",
"Carson City"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Salem is the capital of Oregon. | |||
What is the capital of Colorado? | [
"Saint Paul",
"Colorado Springs",
"Denver",
"Juneau"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Denver is the capital of Colorado. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Steve acquired this trait? | [
"Steve likes to look at butterflies and beetles.",
"Steve learned to identify insects by reading many books about insects."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Steve is good at identifying insects. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two speed walkers. Which speed walker was moving at a higher speed? | [
"a speed walker who moved 50miles in 10hours",
"a speed walker who moved 25miles in 10hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects movi... | Look at the distance each speed walker moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One speed walker moved 50 miles in 10 hours.
The other speed walker moved 25 miles in 10 hours.
Notice that each speed walker spent the same amount of time moving. The speed walker who moved 50 miles moved a farther distance in tha... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one true statement. | [
"The cytoplasm of an animal cell is inside the cell membrane.",
"The vacuoles of an animal cell use sunlight to make sugar.",
"The cell membrane directs cell activities by sending instructions to different parts of an animal cell."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Cells | Compare cells and cell parts | |||
The United States has a federal system. Based on these definitions, which of these statements would most likely be made by a person who lives under a federal system? | [
"My national government officials decide most issues that come up.",
"Both my state and national government officials have power over important issues.",
"I only pay attention to state politics since the national government has almost no power."
] | 1 | Think about the name of the United States of America. As the name shows, the country has both a united national government and a collection of state governments. In the following questions, you will learn about the relationship between the national government and state governments. You will also learn about how state a... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | civics | Government | State and local government | |||
Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium. | [
"to the right than to the left",
"to the left than to the right"
] | 0 | The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a purple ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles.
The diagram shows how the solution can change over time... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Diffusion across membranes | In a solution, solute particles move and spread throughout the solvent. The diagram below shows how a solution can change over time. Solute particles move from the area where they are at a higher concentration to the area where they are at a lower concentration. This movement happens through the process of diffusion.
A... | Look at the diagram again. It shows you how the solution changed during the process of diffusion.
Before the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 6 solute particles on the left side of the membrane and 2 solute particles on the right side of the membrane.
When the solute particles reached equilibrium, there... | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B",
"sample A"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
Brad invited Sofia to his house. | [
"present tense",
"past tense",
"future tense"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in past tense. You can tell because it uses a past-tense verb, invited. The verb ends in -ed and tells you about something that has already happened. | |
What is the capital of Iowa? | [
"Cedar Rapids",
"Frankfort",
"Des Moines",
"Davenport"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Des Moines is the capital of Iowa. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Scott washed the windshield of his car even though he knew it would just get dirty again.",
"Scott washed the windshield of his car even though he knew the car would just get dirty again."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns and antecedents | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it could refer to the windshield or the car.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. It has been replaced with the car.
Scott washed the windshield of his car even though he knew the car would just get ... | |
What is the capital of California? | [
"Helena",
"Sacramento",
"San Francisco",
"Carson City"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Sacramento is the capital of California. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Researchers have proven that African violets prefer an environment with a temperature that stays between 65 and 80°F.",
"They have proven that African violets prefer an environment with a temperature that stays between 65 and 80°F."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns and antecedents | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with researchers.
Researchers have proven that African violets prefer an environment with a temperatur... | |
Which of the following could Aisha and Lily's test show? | [
"if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use",
"if the concrete from each batch took the same amount of time to dry"
] | 0 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
At twenty-one, Bruce felt overwhelmed with adult responsibilities and wished he could fly off to Neverland. | [
"simile",
"allusion"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
Neverland alludes to the story of Peter Pan, a boy who lived in Neverland and never grew up. | |
Identify the question that Lola's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do slugs eat more from tomato leaves or broccoli leaves?",
"Do slugs weigh more after eating tomato leaves or broccoli leaves?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Lola cut tomato and broccoli plant leaves into one-inch squares. In each of 12 containers, she placed six leaf squares: three tomato-leaf squares and three broccoli-leaf squares. She put one slug from her garden into ea... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Which better describes the Mojave Desert ecosystem? | [
"It has dry, thin soil. It also has many different types of organisms.",
"It has a small amount of rain. It also has only a few types of organisms."
] | 0 | Figure: Mojave Desert.
The Mojave Desert is a desert ecosystem located mostly in Southern California. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there | A desert is a type of ecosystem. Deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. So, the Mojave Desert has dry, thin soil. It also has many different types of organisms. | |
What is the capital of Illinois? | [
"Indianapolis",
"Chicago",
"Springfield",
"Olympia"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Springfield is the capital of Illinois. | |||
Select the fish below. | [
"salmon",
"kangaroo"
] | 0 | Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs. A catfish is an example of a fish. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
A kangaroo is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Rachel and her sister posed for a photograph, but when the flash went off, Rachel blinked.",
"Rachel and her sister posed for a photograph, but when the flash went off, she blinked."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns and antecedents | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Rachel or her sister.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. She has been replaced with Rachel.
Rachel and her sister posed for a photograph, but when the flash went off, Rachel blin... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which type of sentence is this?
An avid reader, Braden attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | [
"simple",
"compound",
"compound-complex",
"complex"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
An avid reader, Braden attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Best Wishes,\nKaren",
"Best wishes,\nKaren"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Sean investigate with an experiment? | [
"Does white sandwich bread grow visible mold in fewer days if the bread is stored inside or outside the refrigerator?",
"Does white sandwich bread grow visible mold in fewer days if the bread is stored in a paper bag or in a plastic bag?",
"Does white or whole wheat sandwich bread grow visible mold in fewer day... | 0 | Sean starts to make a sandwich, but he sees mold on the bread! He wonders what factors affect how mold grows on bread. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two loaves of white sandwich bread
a small plastic bag
a large plastic bag
a refrigerator | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Lola has naturally blond hair. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 0 | Hint: Some people dye their hair. But this does not change their natural hair color. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Humans do not choose their natural hair color. Instead, children get their natural hair color from their parents. So, Lola's hair color is an inherited trait. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Before Mona had even met her future husband in person, she knew about his reputation as a Romeo. | [
"literature",
"Roman mythology"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Romeo is literature.
In William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Romeo is known for the eloquent declaration of love with which he woos Juliet.
The allusion Romeo means a man who is very romantic. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the volume of a bathtub? | [
"375 milliliters",
"375 liters"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using metric units, volume may be written in units of milliliters or liters.... | The better estimate for the volume of a bathtub is 375 liters.
375 milliliters is too little. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Julia acquired this trait? | [
"Julia knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn.",
"Julia learned how to knit in an after school program."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Julia knows how to knit sweaters. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear dr. gupta,",
"Dear Dr. Gupta,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Dr. Gupta is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a greater distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is smaller.
There is a greater distance between the magnets in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A",
"Solution B"
] | 1 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each pink ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
... | |
Select the organism in the same species as the plains zebra. | [
"Macropus rufus",
"Equus quagga",
"Cervus canadensis"
] | 1 | This organism is a plains zebra. Its scientific name is Equus quagga. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A plains zebra's scientific name is Equus quagga.
Cervus canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a plains zebra. So, Equus quagga and Cervus canadensis are not in the same species.
Equus quagga has the same scientific name as a plains zebra. So, these organisms are in the same species.
Macropus rufus does ... | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles? | [
"Solution A",
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
Judith will sweep the sidewalk in front of her store. | [
"future tense",
"present tense",
"past tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, sweep. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the bighorn sheep. | [
"Macropus agilis",
"Hystrix cristata",
"Ovis dalli"
] | 2 | This organism is a bighorn sheep. Its scientific name is Ovis canadensis. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A bighorn sheep's scientific name is Ovis canadensis. The first word of its scientific name is Ovis.
Ovis dalli is in the genus Ovis. The first word of its scientific name is Ovis. So, Ovis dalli and Ovis canadensis are in the same genus.
Hystrix cristata is in the genus Hystrix. The first word of its scientific name i... | |
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"flexible",
"smooth",
"opaque"
] | 1 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
An opaque object does not let light through. The baseball bat and the ceramic mug are opaque, but the water pitcher is not.
A smooth object is not scratchy or rough. All four objects are smooth.
A flexible object can be folded or bent without breakin... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is this a sentence fragment?
Smoke from the cabin visible for miles up and down the coast. | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify sentence fragments | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subjec... | This is a sentence fragment. It does not express a complete thought.
Smoke from the cabin visible for miles up and down the coast.
Here is one way to fix the sentence fragment:
Smoke from the cabin is visible for miles up and down the coast. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Barbados",
"Haiti",
"Grenada"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. | |||
What is the capital of Michigan? | [
"Lansing",
"Detroit",
"Billings",
"Grand Rapids"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Lansing is the capital of Michigan. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Clarence investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do the squirrels eat walnuts from large feeders more often than from small feeders?",
"Do the squirrels select sunflower seeds or walnuts more often?",
"Which type of tree do the squirrels feed from most often?"
] | 1 | Clarence enjoys feeding the squirrels in his backyard. He notices that they spend a lot of time collecting seeds and nuts. He wonders about what factors affect which foods squirrels choose to collect. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two identical squirrel feeders
a bag o... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
pillar - promise | [
"palm",
"potato"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since potato is between the guide words pillar - promise, it would be found on that page. | |
Which of the following could Pablo's test show? | [
"the amount of bacteria in the water before it was filtered",
"whether the filter was clogged",
"whether an inexpensive filter would become clogged more often"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Select the organism in the same species as the bighorn sheep. | [
"Ovis canadensis",
"Alouatta palliata",
"Alouatta caraya"
] | 0 | This organism is a bighorn sheep. Its scientific name is Ovis canadensis. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A bighorn sheep's scientific name is Ovis canadensis.
Alouatta caraya does not have the same scientific name as a bighorn sheep. So, Ovis canadensis and Alouatta caraya are not in the same species.
Ovis canadensis has the same scientific name as a bighorn sheep. So, these organisms are in the same species.
Alouatta pal... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Fiji",
"Tonga",
"Papua New Guinea",
"Tuvalu"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Fiji. | |||
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in the snow? | [
"Arctic fox",
"screech owl"
] | 0 | Polar bears live in and around the cold Arctic Ocean. The is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow.
Figure: polar bear. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the polar bear.
The polar bear has white fur covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
During the winter, the Arctic fox has white fur covering its body. It is a... | |
Which animal's feet are also adapted for grabbing prey? | [
"African crowned eagle",
"Malayan tapir"
] | 0 | Golden eagles eat fish, mammals, and other birds. The 's feet are adapted to grab prey.
Figure: golden eagle. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the golden eagle.
The golden eagle has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey. The sharp claws can help the golden eagle attack and kill its prey. The long toes can help it hold on to its prey.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of a trumpet? | [
"1 kilogram",
"1 gram"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of a trumpet is 1 kilogram.
1 gram is too light. |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes and shapes. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"the Dominican Republic",
"Haiti",
"Dominica",
"Cuba"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is the Dominican Republic.
Why does the Dominican Republic share its island with another country?
The Dominican Republic and Haiti share the island of Hispaniola. It is home to the earliest European settlements in the Americas. Christopher Columbus founded the first European settlement on the island in 149... | |||
Is a fork a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a liquid",
"a solid",
"a gas"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | A fork is a solid. You can bend a fork. But it will still have a size and shape of its own. | ||
What is the expected ratio of offspring with green peas to offspring with yellow peas? Choose the most likely ratio. | [
"0:4",
"3:1",
"2:2",
"1:3",
"4:0"
] | 2 | In a group of pea plants, some individuals have yellow peas and others have green peas. In this group, the gene for the pea color trait has two alleles. The allele for green peas (e) is recessive to the allele for yellow peas (E).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two pea plants. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with green peas or yellow peas, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the pea color trait. The question tells you that the e allele, which is for green peas, is recessive to the E allele, which is for yellow... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Assume all other forces on the dresser are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on the dresser? | [
"The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on the dresser.",
"The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on the dresser."
] | 0 | Sophie is sliding a heavy dresser across the carpeted floor of her apartment. She is pushing the dresser forward with a force of 350N. The carpet is pushing the dresser backward with a force of 380N. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Balanced and unbalanced forces | A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there ... | To determine if there is a net force on the dresser, look at the forces:
Sophie is pushing the dresser forward with a force of 350 N.
The carpet is pushing the dresser backward with a force of 380 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have different magnitudes: 350 N and 380 N. This means that the fo... |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0 | Figure: Yemen.
Yemen, a country in the Middle East, is located in the desert. It was humid in the southern part of the country on November 30 last year.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
Yemen, a country in the Middle East, is located in the desert. It was humid in the southern part of the country on November 30 last year.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the humidity in Yemen on a specific day last year. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain p... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
"Mary is such a Pollyanna!" Fred announced with a sigh. | [
"British history",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Pollyanna is literature.
The character Pollyanna, from Eleanor Porter's children's book, is a young girl who finds good in everything and everyone.
The allusion Pollyanna means an overly optimistic person. | |
What is the capital of New Mexico? | [
"Cambridge",
"Salem",
"Santa Fe",
"Albuquerque"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Santa Fe is the capital of New Mexico. | |||
Which statement describes the Mount Rainier National Park ecosystem? | [
"It has mostly small plants.",
"It has long, cold winters and short, cool summers.",
"It has soil that is rich in nutrients."
] | 1 | Figure: Mount Rainier National Park.
Mount Rainier National Park is a taiga ecosystem in Washington State. The park is named after a volcano called Mount Rainier, which is covered in glaciers. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A taiga is a type of ecosystem. Taigas have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. So, the following statement describes the Mount Rainier National Park ecosystem: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word excite on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
engine - essay | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since excite is not between the guide words engine - essay, it would not be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
No one in your family surfs? But I thought you said you lived in California before this. | [
"false causation: the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other",
"hasty generalization: a very broad claim based on very little evidence"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that a person from California must have a surfer in his or her family. However, even though some people in California surf, that doesn't necessarily mean that every family has a surfer. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a hasty generalization. | |
Select the fish below. | [
"cane toad",
"salmon",
"water buffalo",
"harbor seal"
] | 1 | Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs.
Fish are cold-blooded. The body temperature of cold-blooded animals depends on their environment.
A hammerhead shark is an example of a fish. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals. | A salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Unlike most other fish, salmon can live in both fresh water and salt water.
A harbor seal is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Seals have flippers instead of arms! They use their flippers to swim underwater or to crawl on the beach.
A water b... | |
Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance. | [
"chlorine",
"propane",
"silane"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Identify elementary substances and compounds using models | There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are ... | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the gas. | [
"plate",
"air inside a soccer ball",
"baseball cap",
"ballet shoes"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | The air inside a soccer ball is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air fills all the space inside the soccer ball. If air leaks out, it will expand into the space around the ball.
A baseball cap is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. If you put a baseball cap on your head, the baseball cap will sti... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word peruse in its traditional sense? | [
"Eddie perused a clothing catalog as he waited for his appointment, flipping through the pages distractedly.",
"Eddie perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses peruse in its traditional sense: to examine in detail.
Eddie perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift.
The second text uses peruse in its nontraditional sense: to look through in a casual manner.
Eddie perused a clothing catalog as he waited ... | |
Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers? | [
"violet sabrewing",
"common shelduck"
] | 0 | Rufous hummingbirds live in the woodlands and meadows of western North America. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers.
Figure: rufous hummingbird. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the rufous hummingbird.
The rufous hummingbird has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The rufous hummingbird's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The violet sabrewing has a ... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"the Federated States of Micronesia",
"Tonga",
"Kiribati",
"Palau"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Palau. | |||
What is the capital of Vermont? | [
"Burlington",
"Minneapolis",
"Augusta",
"Montpelier"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Montpelier is the capital of Vermont. | |||
Complete the sentence.
The African elephant is the () land animal in the world. | [
"smallest",
"largest"
] | 1 | This picture shows an African elephant. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | literacy-in-science | Animals | Seed disperser: African elephant | African elephants are the largest living land animals. A fully grown male African elephant can weigh up to 14,000 pounds. That's about as much as four small cars! | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Jeffrey lives in a town with hot summers and freezing cold winters. | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Jeffrey lives in a town with hot summers and freezing cold winters.
This passage tells you about the usual temperatures where Jeffrey lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word peruse in its traditional sense? | [
"Herman perused a clothing catalog as he waited for his appointment, flipping through the pages distractedly.",
"Herman perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses peruse in its traditional sense: to examine in detail.
Herman perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift.
The second text uses peruse in its nontraditional sense: to look through in a casual manner.
Herman perused a clothing catalog as he waite... | |
Which animal's skin is better adapted as a warning sign to ward off predators? | [
"lechwe",
"flamboyant cuttlefish"
] | 1 | Golden dart frogs have poisonous glands in their brightly colored skin. The bright color serves as a warning sign that the animal is poisonous. The 's skin is adapted to ward off predators.
Figure: golden dart frog. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the golden dart frog.
The golden dart frog has poisonous glands in its brightly colored skin. Its skin is adapted to ward off predators. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the golden dart frog is poisonous.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Mayor Kelley wants to create more bicycle lanes in Greenwood. However, many citizens of Greenwood live far from work. It would not be realistic to force us to give up our cars and bike everywhere. | [
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against",
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Mayor Kelley wants people to give up their cars. However, this misrepresents Mayor Kelley's argument. Mayor Kelley only wants to create more bike lanes. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a straw man. | |
What is the expected ratio of offspring that have coat graying to offspring that do not have coat graying? Choose the most likely ratio. | [
"3:1",
"0:4",
"2:2",
"4:0",
"1:3"
] | 3 | This passage describes the coat graying trait in horses:
Your hair may turn gray or white as you grow older. Some horses go through a similar process called coat graying as they age. These horses are usually a darker color, such as brown or black, when they are born. Over time, the hairs of their coats lose their origi... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring that do or do not have coat graying, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the coat graying trait. The question tells you that the G allele, which is for having a graying coat, is dominant over the g allele,... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which body part breaks down food? | [
"stomach",
"brain",
"skeleton"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Animals | Body parts and their functions | |||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B mus... | |
What type of rock is conglomerate? | [
"metamorphic",
"sedimentary"
] | 1 | Conglomerate is a type of rock. It is made up of grains of many different sizes, such as sand, mud, and pebbles. Conglomerate forms when layers of these sediments are pressed together to form rock. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when a rock is chang... | Conglomerate is a sedimentary rock. Like other sedimentary rocks, it forms from layers of sediment.
Sand, mud, and pebbles are all types of sediment. They are deposited in places like riverbeds. Sediments like sand and mud usually build up in layers. Over time, the top layers press down on the bottom layers. Sedimentar... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the fish. | [
"humpback whale",
"piranha",
"zebra",
"gharial"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs. | A gharial is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Gharials are a type of crocodile. Gharials live near rivers and eat fish.
A zebra is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.
Zebras eat mostly grass. But they sometimes eat other types of plants, such as shrubs or tree bark.
A humpback whale is a mammal. It... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Ruben has a scar on his left elbow. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | Hint: Most scars are caused by accidents during a person's life. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Australia",
"New Zealand",
"Solomon Islands",
"Papua New Guinea"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Australia.
Is Australia a country or a continent?
Both! Australia is a country in Oceania, a region made up of many lands and islands in the Pacific Ocean. Many people say that Australia is the world's smallest continent. But some people call Oceania a continent instead. | |||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"the Marshall Islands",
"Solomon Islands",
"Australia",
"New Zealand"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Solomon Islands. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a grain of rice? | [
"4 centimeters",
"4 millimeters",
"4 kilometers",
"4 meters"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a grain of rice is 4 millimeters.
4 centimeters, 4 meters, and 4 kilometers are all too long. |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Michigan",
"Massachusetts",
"Rhode Island",
"Connecticut"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Connecticut. | |||
Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers? | [
"malachite sunbird",
"snowy owl"
] | 0 | Purple honeycreepers live in the forests of South America. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers.
Figure: purple honeycreeper. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the purple honeycreeper.
The purple honeycreeper has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The purple honeycreeper's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The malachite sunbird ha... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which change best matches the sentence?
Water moves loose pieces of rock. | [
"erosion",
"wildfire",
"volcanic eruption"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface I | |||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are... |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.