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ez4lk2 | How do PC games identify pirated copies but some pirates bypass that? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"You’re referring to DRM or Digital Rights Management. To understand how it works, you need to know a little bit about the history and the history goes back to the 1970’s! In the early days of arcade machines most of the arcade cabinets contained a system ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ez5t8a | Where do files go when they are deleted from a computer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fglam3k",
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"text": [
"They just flag the space which the deleted file occupied as empty. The next time a file is created it occupies that space (or portion of that space) and overwrites the data. That’s why deleted file recovery software works, the data is still there.",
"... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ez742b | The business model of Putlocker/123Movies who constantly upload new content. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fglhkfc",
"fglfwi1"
],
"text": [
"These sites probably don't have legal costs, because they put their servers in places that don't listen to piracy lawsuits from outside. Also, even if they do get a strike, all that can be done is that the domain gets taken down, and then they simply reho... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezbbhj | Why does video quality go down when copied multiple times? It’s a copy, so shouldn’t it be the exact same? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgm3hic",
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"text": [
"If the source file is copied, then you won't see any video degradation. However, what usually happens is that a video is uploaded and then compressed by the video hosting site. The downloaded video is then re-uploaded and _re-compressed_ by the video host... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezdoyk | How does an electronic device know the time when you recharge it after weeks or months while not reconnecting it to the internet? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgmkrc5"
],
"text": [
"Every modern computer device has a special \"clock battery\" on it. These batteries literally just keep the little bit of RAM that runs the clock going, so it can keep accurate time. In some cases, that battery is used for something other than keeping time. For instance... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezeyh0 | How does surplus electricity from someone's solar panels get put back into the main power grid? | If someone has solar panels or some other type of power-generating system at their house, you always hear that they can sell electricity back to the power company if they are producing more than they are using. Physically, how does this work? Can electricity travel 2 directions on the same wire/cable? Does it just join... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgmudy4",
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],
"text": [
"Electricity can travel in both directions across the same wire. But its limited to one way at a time. What happens is when you are generating power from solar, it first checks what is needed to supply your home. Then the excess goes back to the grid. If t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
ezez52 | Why doesn’t Apple Face ID work when your phone is in landscape mode? Would this be possible? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgmtgs1"
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"text": [
"There's nothing stopping it from working. However, it's a matter of training. The AI system Face ID works on was trained using thousands and thousands of photos of faces (likely vertical ones taken with an iphone's front camera, as that's how most people would hold it).... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezfx1e | Why do Android Rom's need to be customized for the phone they run on but Windows and Linux run on basically every computer. | Custom Android Rom's run only on the hardware the are developed for, but desktop and server operating systems like Windows and Linux run on basically every x86 or x64 based computer, why. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"fgn1507",
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"text": [
"Each phone has different hardware. It would be a different version of the processor, different wifi/bluetooth chips, different cell modems, or any number of other components. The Windows NT kernel and the vanilla Linux kernel both have firmware/drivers fo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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ezi4g6 | How do governments run mass surveillance? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"if you really want to know, go you youtube \"Government Surveillance: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO)\" tl;dr: Government can request anything from social media companies and any companies.",
"One of the ways that the NSA does ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezkmuw | What exactly happens when you 'overclock' a computer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgnvvud",
"fgnx3zk"
],
"text": [
"Operations in computers run on a clock signal. In a similar way to how a mechanical clock will have some oscillating element (pendulum or balance) and on every swing of that element the mechanism advances one step. The same thing applies to computers. The... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezkzap | Why do car batteries seemingly die so quickly? | Why do car batteries (as large as they are) drain so fast from something as small as leaving a dome light on, when a significantly smaller battery in something like a laptop can last for hours? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgnxsct",
"fgpcfpm",
"fgp60hc"
],
"text": [
"These are batteries with different technologies. That said, auto batteries do not get totally drained from a little light being on, unless for very long time.",
"* Car batteries are optimized to produce a large amount of current all at ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
ezltcl | why does AM radio sound so much worse than FM radio? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgo3h1m",
"fgo50mq"
],
"text": [
"Copied from elsewhere. “FM radio works the same way that AM radio works. The difference is in how the carrier wave is modulated, or altered. With AM radio, the amplitude, or overall strength, of the signal is varied to incorporate the sound information. W... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezlx93 | How are elections with voting machines and mail-in ballots validated for accuracy? | I refuse to believe that there isn't a way to validate these elections outside of exit polling, so I would love an explanation. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgo4lq4"
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"text": [
"What do you consider validated? It seems like nothing could be validated, other than the removal of anonymity."
],
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ezmaty | Why do companies and the government still use fax machines in 2020? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgo9pt3",
"fgo72v5"
],
"text": [
"The biggest reason is legal. A faxed copy of a signature or original form is considered good to go and legit just like you had a real copy and signature. An emailed copy isn't always considered this. Many legal documents even specifically call out that fa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezn0gg | is there such thing as hack warrants or something similar? That security agencies can get from courts and legally hack into some target's computer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgobc2k"
],
"text": [
"In the US, Law Enforcement agencies can get warrants for a variety of surveillance or actions. This may include forms of electronic surveillance, including hacking and monitoring internet, key logging, search records, phone records, bugging a room, or whatever they want... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezocfs | Why do appliance's volumes (eg. TV, radio) use an arbitrary 1 to X value instead of basing the value on decibels? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgoja0y",
"fgok6nw",
"fgomjlq"
],
"text": [
"High-end stereos for audiophiles, or studio monitors, typically do use decibels. The problem with decibels is that either you'd have relative loudness - where 0 is the maximum and anything softer is a negative number - or you'd have absolut... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
eztfv8 | Why isn't the black box data on airplanes automatically uploaded to cloud storage somewhere? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"fgpsk2q",
"fgprts8"
],
"text": [
"In the aftermath of MH370, experts say it might be time to update methods of collecting flight data. Passengers are able to text, strea... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ezz0t4 | What is technical the difference between a thread and an async-operation? | I assume that two threads are working on a single cpu like this: | Thread1 | Thread2 | |---------|---------| | a1 | b1 | | a2 | b2 | | a3 | b3 | And are batched like this on the CPU a1-b1-a2-b2-a3-b3 | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgqmm4a"
],
"text": [
"A thread is when you ask the operating system to start running another part of the program at the same time. If there are more parts running than CPU cores, the operating system will switch between them. Threads have a bunch of features (like separate stacks) that make ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
ezzj06 | what physically determines the speed of a processor? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgqnj5h",
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],
"text": [
"Good question :-) Processors are large collection of transistors coupled together by small metal (copper? gold? aluminium? magnesium?) paths in new and ingenious ways, as such we need to understand how their physical behaviour: A transistor works by satur... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f001h2 | How does a network card make a port (for example port 80 for http)? | I don't understand how a network card or even the software on a network card can make a virtual port and then make sure that traffic is processed alongside every other port. What are these ports actually and how do they work. literally not the same repeated stuff I find on every website when I search "what is a port" i... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgqn8k3"
],
"text": [
"Ports are a part of the TCP/IP protocol, and as such are part of the wrapper around a packet of data. When a connection is open through a network interface, the client and host both assign a port for communication. An automated server will have a designated port open wi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f05r66 | Why is Microsoft Word a multi-GB install, yet Word Online loads in ~5 seconds with 99% of the features? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgrugfl",
"fgrve2a",
"fgrw99g"
],
"text": [
"Because the online version is mostly running on Microsoft's server, not your computer. You're just interacting with another computer (a much more robust server than what you likely have) through mouse, keyboard, and video signals going back... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f06oon | How are audio and video stored on CDs and tapes? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgrv3ai",
"fgrvi2f"
],
"text": [
"On CDs and DVDs there are little bumps (burns) in the reflective surface in a spiral shape. When the laser from a disc reader \"reads\" the disk, it's capturing either a reflection (0) or a hole (1) which is binary for the machine reading it. The computer... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f077c0 | How do ad blockers know what to block on any given site? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgrxwqd"
],
"text": [
"When you visit a website, say URL_0 , the page content including all the text, images, etc. are hosted by the mycoolsite server. But ads on the page aren't hosted by mycoolsite, but served by some ad server like URL_1 . The mycoolsite page just has am instruction for th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f0b5iq | Do walking poles actually aid you on a hike, if so, how? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgsjiak",
"fgslegr",
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],
"text": [
"Yes, they do. People wouldn't bother carrying them if they didn't. They take weight off of your legs while walking which reduces fatigue. They also provide two additional points of contact which helps when traversing uneven terrain. They ca... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f0bzll | How Did Old Console Mods (Xbox, PS2) Use Official Games Like 007 To Install Unofficial Software? | I've been interested in retro consoles lately, doing a lot of emulating and I have an old Xbox original here that I was curious to see if I could play games I own but only via ISO or img to preserve the discs 😉 To mod it, I need to have a copy of a game called 007: Agent Under Fire (or a few select others) and an orig... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgspoib"
],
"text": [
"[Here is a full rundown of how the OG Xbox security works and how it was defeated]( URL_0 ). *************************** > Did this particular game just simply have a security flaw which allowed someone to find and change the encryption key [...] or bypassing it altoget... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f0d06g | How do transparent colors work? | When you put a layer of #0000FF0F on a layer of #FF0000 you can see what both colors are and that the blue transparent layer is on top of the red layer. How? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgsxwco"
],
"text": [
"In this case, the extra two characters on the string imply you're using the alpha channel which indicates how transparent that color should be. Like the R, G, and B before it, it's a two-character hexadecimal value which equates to the decimal range between 0 and 255. A... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f0e0hf | If I'm transferring data from one folder to another in the same SSD, how come the data transfer speed is still so much lower than advertised or tested? | As an example, my Adata XPG S8200 Pro can reach read and write speeds of up to 3500/3000 mb/s and even in testing (using CrystalDiskMark) the supposed speeds are around that range. But when I actually transfer files, even within the SSD, the actual speeds is so much slower? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgtei4o",
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],
"text": [
"First of all, are you *moving* the data or *copying* the data? **Moving** the data on the same drive does not actually *move* the information on the physical drive. The OS merely changes the pointer to that data to make it appear in a diffe... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f0ege0 | How do emulators work? | How do things like Dolphin, DeSmuME, Citra, and NEStopia work on a computer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgt6e08",
"fgt7s96"
],
"text": [
"At its core, a game console is just running a specialized operating system designed to play specific kinds of games. Virtualizing operating systems is nothing new- programs like Proxmox, Hyper-V, ESXi, etc. have existed for a while and allow one operating... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f0f66j | What exactly Is the Static On A Tv? | I under why static happens.. what what exactly is it? What is it a bunch of black and white dots? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgtuara",
"fgtd9wc",
"fguiny0"
],
"text": [
"Background noise of the universe. So the tv antenna is resonating with the band of frequencies it's designed to pick up, and when we send a specific signal comprised of one of those frequencies the antenna resonates and the tv takes the sig... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f0gdve | Can’t any random person broadcast at the same frequency as a radio station and show up when someone tries to tune to that frequency? What do stations do to stop this? Do they have to? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgtpijf",
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"fgtu4te",
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"text": [
"They can. The issue is that it's very expensive to broadcast a frequency that goes any reasonable distance. Also, the FCC will come down on anyone who does that like a ton of bricks. It's pretty easy to triangu... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f0l5dw | how do computer monitors work? How does each individual pixel know to change colour? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fguxg6y"
],
"text": [
"The pixels are each represented by a “bit map” - a block of memory where a 1 turns on or off the r g or b LED or LCD, and other bits control the voltage that flows through it to control brightness. The circuitry that converts the bit map in memory to line voltages for e... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f0mr1w | What exactly does fiber internet have/provide that make it better than other types of internet (cable/DSL/satellite)? | I’ve heard fiber internet is the best quality internet you can get. In my area, however, it’s not currently provided. Cable internet is what we currently use, and the package is for up to 300 Mbps. Why would fiber internet of the same speed, up to 300 Mbps, be considered better than cable? If it’s so much better, why i... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgv60ek"
],
"text": [
"Well first fiber wouldn't stop at 300mbps. You could get up to 10gbps (if you have the money). So it is always faster in and of itself. However let's say you artificially throttle the fiberoptic speed so it's only transmitting at the same speed as cable. Even then it ha... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f0ozwv | How does NASA know exact trajectories and locations of space craft in interplanetary space? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgvprua"
],
"text": [
"2 things. First is simple physics. Once a spacecraft is on a trajectory, it doesn't change. Once you calculate a trajectory and burn the engines to put the spacecraft on said trajectory, you know it's there because there's nothing to make it go anywhere else. Second is ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f0qp4x | Why do some PlayStation one game discs have a blue coloring while others are black? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgxge29"
],
"text": [
"Former Sony employee here. I worked in the Replication factories where PS1, PS2 and PS3 games were made. PS1 games are constructed like CD's. One thick Polycarbonate wafer is injection molded with data on the label side. That side is metalized then a protective coating ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f0qwm1 | How does torrenting files (movies, shows, etc.) work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgwss04",
"fgx0ute",
"fgx6ygj"
],
"text": [
"Instead of just connecting to one single server that hosts the file you want, your torrent software downloads pieces of the file from several other users (called peers) that already have those pieces. At the same time, the pieces that you h... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f0s15n | Why were older game discs able to be put into the system and instantly played, when now you have to download the entire game first? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fgxc8jq",
"fgxid7j",
"fgxgpyx",
"fgz2puy"
],
"text": [
"Because the older games had the entire game stored on the disc, and now there is only a part of it on the disc and the rest has to be downloaded. It allows them to make games bigger, more complex AI, better graphics, and the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f14eio | Why does a remote with a low battery work like new for a while after I smack it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"fh1zhno",
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"fh23424",
"fh2394f",
"fh23eg3",
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"text": [
"Already been asked before but I’ll copy my answer here: Batteries work by electrons being stripped from a piece of metal with acid and pushed through ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f17myj | what are the strips and chips for on debit/credit cards | I noticed my ID cards similar set ups one has a chip the other a strip. What do they do on the debit card? Do they serve the same purpose? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh2exnt"
],
"text": [
"The black strip is a magnetic strip, it's how credit/debit cards originally functioned before chips (which came out relatively recently). The black strip contains information like the name of the account ohlder, account number (usually the same as the actual number prin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f19zj7 | How is rosin for string instruments made and what discerns quality? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh3brl9",
"fh3qlda",
"fh6plkd"
],
"text": [
"Violinist here. Rosin is made mostly from an artificial resin or a tree sap. Characteristics of good rosin: - naturally made, tree sap, (I’ve seen some rosins made from honey) - made in Italy or France - high quality case/storage materials"... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f1brdq | How are explosives manufactured without exploding? e.g grenades, c4 | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh3j3eb",
"fh3sxkm",
"fh3o4ym"
],
"text": [
"Modern explosives need something to set them off, without the initiator they are inert and can be handled perfectly safely without any danger of an explosion, some even can be eaten.",
"Secondary explosives like TNT or RDX are relativel... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f1hxzq | How does a string of numbers become a video game? How does binary code become images and sounds you can interact with? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh67nc2",
"fh66s2d",
"fh6gr59",
"fh6x54j",
"fh6o700",
"fh6a74j"
],
"text": [
"The numbers are binary. When you program with words, that interface converts the words to binary numbers for the actual computing. Those numbers direct EVERYTHING. for the image, they print one p... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f1j39e | What causes a program to lag? | Imagine you finished browsing on chrome and want to end your session... You click on that red X to close everything... And then your computer just hangs there. What causes this lag? Theoretically shouldn't the computer be erasing stuff from memory, not lagging? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh6j4y3"
],
"text": [
"Your computer lags because there is insufficient resources available to perform tasks in real time. Resources include CPU time, the amount and speed or you RAM, and how long it takes your hard drive to catch up. Hard drives are by far the slowest component of your compu... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f1k3no | What causes computerized technology to screw up so often (glitches, freezes, shutdowns) if its all based on calculations? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh6rsn8",
"fh6udmw",
"fh6unyg"
],
"text": [
"Garbage in Garbage out, meaning human error. Computer glitches by calculation error ARE SUPER ALMOST NONEXISTENT rare. But shitty coding and bugs are common. If you have a infinite loop in your app, call X which calls up Y which refers back... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f1oomf | Why are games rendered with a GPU while Blender, Cinebench and other programs use the CPU to render high quality 3d imagery? Why do some start rendering in the center and go outwards (e.g. Cinebench, Blender) and others first make a crappy image and then refine it (vRay Benchmark)? | Edit: yo this blew up | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"fh7itbs",
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"fh7ltan",
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],
"text": [
"Games and offline renderers ge... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f1pkqj | how do headphones work? how do they generate sound from a device through a wire into your ears? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh7mqhs",
"fh7mw4f"
],
"text": [
"it's the interaction between the electric current in the wire and a permanent magnet that generates the sound waves. The current generates a variable magnetic field around the wire, causing it to move/vibrate in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f1sl1c | 16bit v. 32bit v. 64bit operating systems | What's the difference, and will we one day have 128bit systems? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh8521s",
"fh88mlb"
],
"text": [
"The bits typically refer to the size of registers in a CPU. Registers are like buckets inside a CPU that hold an integer value. 8-bit computers could store an 8-bit value (0-255) in a register, 16-bit CPUs operated on 16-bits at a time (0-65535), 64 bit c... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f1ug3p | Why are upload speeds always lower than download speeds? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh8gns1",
"fh8gjti"
],
"text": [
"There is only so much bandwidth that any connection can provide, and it has to be allocated between uploads and downloads. Since most people download _far_ more than they upload, it makes sense to dedicate more resources to the tasks that are done more of... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f1vj85 | 3D printing | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh8o1go",
"fh8o3k2"
],
"text": [
"The problem is that 3d printing is a concept. Every 3d printer will have a different answer to these questions. It's like asking what food tastes like. Each food tastes different. Some 3d printing is by drops of a liquid that harden immediately. This is c... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f1vo8e | How did insane conspiracies spread before the Internet? | How did absurd and ridiculous theories spread before the days of the Internet or Social Media? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh8riqt",
"fh8ojrk"
],
"text": [
"People rote pamphlets and passed them out. People are still doing this. People wrote books, e.g. saying Space Aliens built the Pyramids, and sold a bunch of copies.",
"The same way witches were called witches and murdered, through gossip, then in the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f207eg | Why do professional Arcade fighter players use arcade sticks instead of Game pads? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh9kq86",
"fh9v9o4",
"fh9pgxj"
],
"text": [
"The main benefit is the accuracy of the stick. Your thumb pad is prone to accuracy issues that are huge in fighting games, because an inexact input completely changes what you're going to do.",
"They don't all use sticks. Many use pads ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2254k | Why can videos be recorded smoothly and played back almost instantly but when it's rendered it takes a lot longer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh9x36g"
],
"text": [
"When you're recording something, you're taking something that's physically in front of you and recording what color intensities are where on the sensor. When you're playing something you're taking a list of color intensities and displaying them. Rendering is different. ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f22cwp | What makes that last 1% on your phone battery so much stronger than the rest? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fh9xkf6"
],
"text": [
"It’s much like your car being on “E” for 20 miles. It’s just a warning sign and they give you plenty of time to make up for your mistake of not paying attention."
],
"score": [
6
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f242uh | If almost all camera lenses are circular, then why are almost all pictures rectangular? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhaa5xr",
"fha8yeh"
],
"text": [
"Cameras work by shining light on something that changes color forever when the light hits it. While the lens may be a circle, the thing the light hits is a rectangle. When cameras first became popular, the thing the light hit was a roll of film. It was es... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f25140 | I know kernel is important and critical part of Android. But what exactly is it? How does it work? Why are there so many different version of it. And if Android have it, do iOS have as well? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhafcyp",
"fhafm9k",
"fhae5j1"
],
"text": [
"If you think of a computer as a company where programs are employees doing many different things, the Kernel would be a high ranking manager. It's most important job are assigning processing time slots to the many different programs running... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f28d41 | How do telescopes detect planets and other space objects that are billions of light-years away? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhavo49",
"fhavpl2",
"fhavm13",
"fhavp8t"
],
"text": [
"We cannot detect planets that are billions of lightyears away. The only things we can see at that distance are whole galaxies, and those only as points of light. The diameter of a galaxy is trillions of times larger than the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2fatw | why do printers need all their colors to print something even if the requested print is just black and white? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhc50hu",
"fhc586y",
"fhc8jpy",
"fhc5iyr",
"fhcebc7"
],
"text": [
"Almost all inkjet and laser printers put [Machine Identification Code]( URL_0 ) dots on their printed pages. This allows the page to be associated with the printer that produced it, which can be helpful for law... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2he8u | How does taping one side of a gaming disc make the system read the disc? | My fiance and I have a Playstation 2, and some of the games were struggling to read because they have the purple backing. He saw that if you place 2 pieces of masking tape on the side with the title on it, the system reads the disc. Scientifically, how does this make the system read the disc all of a sudden? I'm totall... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhes6gj"
],
"text": [
"Optical discs work by a laser shining through the dye, being refracted in tiny pits in the plastic and being reflected back by a super thin reflective film near the \"title\" side of the disc, back to a light sensor. The film is so ridiculously thin that it typically is... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2heiw | how do they make intricate objects with glass (and other things)? | Like the really intricately shaped glass things and really small glass objects, surely they can’t use glass blowing. And for other things, how do they make microscopic things like the syringes used to remove nuclei from cells etc | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhcwhfx"
],
"text": [
"They take glass components that are melted to something called working and softening temperatures. These allow the melt to be soft enough to mold with a rod and yet viscous enough to resist flowing much like honey just a lot slower moving. Things like a rose can be made... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2i2fz | How do wildlife videographers achieve the shots we see in documentaries? | I appreciate that it's all done with high quality cameras, coupled with patience and timing, but some of the shots you see in documentaries are mind-blowing! Common sights like tracking animals through high grass, yet still remaining completely in focus. How do these professionals achieve such amazing shots and are the... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhcol1w",
"fhcorjb",
"fhcomsc",
"fhdy8of"
],
"text": [
"You underestimate how good these photographers are. They deserve all the awards they get. They're just that good. Also, really REALLY long lenses.",
"1. Very large zoom lens 2. Cameras on motion control 3. Staged shots in... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2iguc | Can/how machine learning algorithms understand text stories? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhcr2hs",
"fhdnfe6"
],
"text": [
"It’s all math. ML can parse text stories and classify the data based on training sets. It can even use the resulting matrices to generate summaries, semantic clusters of meaning or secondary legible texts that are of a similar style. But the algorithms ar... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2j23c | Why do modern smartphones use multiple cameras instead of one large sensor? | Don't larger sensors reduce noise and have higher image quality? Why do they just add multiple tiny cameras that can't capture any decent photo in a place that isn't brightly lit? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhcuxwr"
],
"text": [
"Cameras can only really zoom by moving their lenses. With 1 stationary lense, all you do when you zoom is crop the picture. If you use multiple lenses that are predone for different zoom levels, as you zoom, you can switch lenses to keep actual detail from being lost to... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2k3uk | What is DirectX and how does it work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhd3gs6",
"fhd685s"
],
"text": [
"It's a graphics API (Application Program Interface) that gives programs access to graphics hardware. Somewhat simplified: Program (game or similar) - > Graphics API - > operating system/graphics driver - > graphics hardware since the graphics driver and h... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2l86n | What is Aliasing? | Basically I was wondering what is aliasing and how does changing the sampling rate of the signal effect aliasing? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhddgyq",
"fhdd02v"
],
"text": [
"I'm not an expert on this, but I'll try to explain it. Aliasing is when you misidentify a signal and get distortion. When your sample rate is to low, you don't get a complete picture of what the signal looks like. Let's look at a sine wave to make it easy... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2lyxy | What does it mean when people say "The internet should be a public utility"? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhdf943"
],
"text": [
"It would mean that internet access is publicly funded (taxes), and free for anyone to use. Other examples of public utilities are roads, street lights, and police."
],
"score": [
3
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2myoc | What is that weird light trail artifact in old video tape footage | Whenever I saw videotape footage from the 80s or earlier, there would be this "light trail" artifact in some of the shots. For example, when there would be a bright light (e.g. explosion or stage light) in the shot and the camera would pan to another part of the set, there would be this line of brief discoloration that... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhetzis"
],
"text": [
"Old video cameras would project an image onto a photosensitive plate and then used a cathode ray tube to scan the image. The plate held the image briefly after being exposed to light, kind of how heat sensitive paint or material can change color when touched, or a mug w... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2rcaq | Why are standard world maps considered to be inaccurate? | I remember being told this in high school and being totally confused. My teacher told us that a standard map, or even a globe, is inaccurate. She explained why but I didn’t understand. Why is this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"fhe6e76",
"fhea9p2",
"fhero2s",
"fhe6e3f",
"fhek0mj",
"fheo60e"
],
"text": [
"A globe is definitely accurate. The standard maps are inaccurate because the world is round, and maps are flat. There's no way to project a spherical map on a flat surface without stretching or t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2sqh2 | Why do some texts arrive almost immediately,while others take hours,or even days? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fheth2q",
"fhexyca"
],
"text": [
"Are you always connected to cellular or wifi? If you are out of cellular data and not connected to a wifi network, it won't come through until you are. Or the person sending it was ghosting you and didn't want to admit to it.",
"The times they come in... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2sxb8 | how do gesture recognition sensors work? | In new phones and other kinds of technology, there are sensors (I think radar) inside of the objects that can detect what gesture you're making. I understand that they recognize the gesture based on prior training and basically matching a picture to another, but I was just wondering if there were a lot of bunched senso... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhejajr"
],
"text": [
"Your guess is basically right. Relating specifically to the Pixel 4 anyways. There is a small chip the size of a coin (nickel used in the article) which is studded with a bunch of tiny little sensors that emit electromagnetic waves to detect motion just like mini-radar.... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f2uluk | what is reverse osmosis and why is it important for consumable water? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhett2y",
"fheue3e"
],
"text": [
"Water resources engineer here. It’s a filtering process that can remove dissolved compounds such as salt (desalination plants) that requires quite a bit of water pressure and has a higher ratio waste stream (high ratio of incoming water doesn’t end up as ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2xtx2 | They say my phone has more computing power than the computers that got Apollo 11 to the moon. Does that mean, theoretically, my iPhone could orchestrate a moon landing from take off to touchdown? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhfcyfe",
"fhfr7m9",
"fhfcu32",
"fhftnkb",
"fhfeu2m",
"fhfv1wx",
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"fhfx7k3",
"fhffk4i",
"fhft6c9",
"fhfwqz0",
"fhfljoq",
"fhfxzl2",
"fhg1hl9",
"fhfzcxi",
"fhgas1o",
"fhg9lme",
"fhgc82c",
"fhfs9n6",
"fhg862f"
],
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f2zeyz | What stops the robot from clicking the I'm not a robot button? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhfwngq",
"fhfmzfk",
"fhfwuyj",
"fhftqcz"
],
"text": [
"Nothing. Bots can easily click it it. The thing is, while it looks like a simple button, it's actually tracking a number of things about you from the moment you load the page. Your mouse movements, your typing, and even thing... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f35vum | Why aren't there easy to use formats of video that support an alpha channel (similar to a PNG) | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhgzi6m",
"fhh4lo9"
],
"text": [
"For videos, color keying tend to be used instead of alpha (So you just replace a specific color like green). [You can find a ton of videos with green screen elements you can replace on the web]( URL_0 ). I think the reason why it is done this way is that ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f37ayj | Why is Bluetooth not the standard for tv remotes? | Most televisions, i have used use Infrared signals, but why not use Bluetooth? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhgyi8l",
"fhgypv7",
"fhhuh4b",
"fhhx6fd"
],
"text": [
"Bluetooth is more complicated and expensive than an IR light bulb and an IR sensor. And the IR light still gets the job done.",
"Bluetooth requires a handshake and a bunch of other more complicated stuff that makes it slo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f38wkz | Why is there a huge difference from 240p to 360p in the YouTube video quality but then not really much of a difference from 360p to 720p? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhhc7rs",
"fhh6fps",
"fhh8i03"
],
"text": [
"It’s a matter of hitting “diminishing returns” in terms of your brains ability to do object recognition. At 240p, a lot of things are a lot more difficult to recognize than at higher resolutions. At 360p and 480p, you can pretty well recogn... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3akd8 | How does an electric guitar pick up only sounds from the strings and not speech for an example? | Edit: Thanks for all the answers < 3 | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhhiffc",
"fhhht0h",
"fhhhmdr",
"fhib4yz"
],
"text": [
"An electric guitar pickup is essentially thousands of turns of thin copper wire wound around a magnet. When a steel string vibrates near the pickup, it will disturb the magnetic field. This induces a small electric current in... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f3e58y | Why do mixers interfere with old tube TV signal? | As a kid i remember always watching the tv get a distorted signal whenever my mom was using the mixer. Why is that? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhi7scm",
"fhieriv"
],
"text": [
"A mixer is basically a fair-sized electric motor. Electric motors work in various ways, but they all utilize rapidly changing electric and magnetic fields. They tend to be \"noisy\" in terms of how much stray electromagnetic radiation they emit. And radio... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f3edsv | How does the “pulse” rate for people with artificial hearts adjust with their emotions or adrenaline? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhi9g0k",
"fhickl5",
"fhiladd",
"fhijijo",
"fhigp7c"
],
"text": [
"They don't. People who get artificial hearts are usually in pretty dire shape and deemed unsuitable for traditional transplants. They won't be playing basketball or making passionate love. There is some current... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3fsur | How come apps will sometimes refresh every single time I open them, even if I just switched between apps for a moment, but other times apps will stay exactly where I last scrolled to for a day or more? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhig23s",
"fhioaw8"
],
"text": [
"Depends on the coding of the app. Like people have different reactions to certain things. Apps are programmed to respond to certain events, click open scroll",
"Android developer here, with a bit of iOS experience. TLDR: it's up to the developer's dis... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3gnav | What is a 9980 port and why isn't it secure? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhimgh3"
],
"text": [
"If IP addresses are houses, ports are sort of like apartment numbers. I can send a message to ip X, but without the port nobody knows *who* at X is supposed yo recieve it. Port 9980 is, AFAIK, not commonly used by anything. However, in general having an open port can in... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3i4ml | - how does a coffee maker turn room temperature water into scalding hot liquid so quickly | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhiw3ix",
"fhiwpgb"
],
"text": [
"It doesn't work like a kettle, trying to warm a big tank of water up at once, it draws water up through a tube, and heats the water in that tube only. The result is hot water rapidly, but it's not being delivered at a very high volume. That's how it does ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3k0eg | Why is it that most if not all computers need to restart/close down while performing a software update? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhjac6e",
"fhjcb4v"
],
"text": [
"The biggest reason is that files that are in use cannot be changed/deleted (open a file in word, then try to delete the file from explorer, it won't let you). Updates change the files that they need to change, but if they have to change a file that is in ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3koug | How can captcha know I am not a robot from just a click? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhjgl69"
],
"text": [
"When you click the button, it sends information about your browser and about how you were using the web page. How long you were on the web page before you clicked the captcha button, information about how you scrolled through the page, how your mouse moved and other 'od... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3pgfn | How does a computer know what time it is when turned on? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhk78n2"
],
"text": [
"If you look on a computer motherboard, you'll find a button cell battery (C232). This provides continuous power to a small memory chip called the CMOS which, amongst other things, keeps track of the system clock."
],
"score": [
7
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f3v7mt | How does the tiny rubber ring around a water resistant phone's SIM tray hold back all the water? If you pinch or sit on it, is it broken? | I get how the charge port and buttons are protected, you can't remove them. But when you change the SIM, there's just a small strip of soft gooey material near the top of the tray. It looks like it can't possibly protect against the force of dunking the entire thing underwater. Is it the weakest part of the waterproofi... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhlgjsb"
],
"text": [
"If it's designed correctly, it forms a reasonable seal. And if immersed in water, the pressure of the water should slightly deform the rubber gasket to make an even better seal. They don't exactly \"wear out\" like some things do. But with age, rubber tends to lose its ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f3zrqs | Why do older pc games default to the lowest possible setting when auto detecting newer computer systems? | For example, I have an i7 with a 1080 ti but Oblivion seems to think I am playing on my toaster when I do the initial start up. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhmxw5w",
"fhmzd0s"
],
"text": [
"Probably because the game detects something that isn't known or that it hasn't the ability to read the characteristics of so it defaults to a low configuration. Basically the hardware is too new for that piece of software.",
"The games don't test the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f45gw0 | why appliances such as an old generation TV or a remote which are not working properly start functioning correctly when hit? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhoa56z"
],
"text": [
"The russian way of fixing things is not a consistent way to fix things. It could help separating pieces that shouldnt and remove a power issue momentarily but i dont recommend hitting anything."
],
"score": [
3
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f46q55 | How TV and radio broadcasters can tell how many viewers and listeners they have at anyone moment? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhoil7s",
"fhoiu3j",
"fhom28s",
"fhoiqm4",
"fhom68m",
"fhomp1s"
],
"text": [
"They usually can't. Radio is one way, same as gps and tv. But now, tv is over Internet, which allows communication and thus counting your viewers and estinating the rest of it.",
"I think rad... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f48hez | How do induction cooking work | I watched my mom cooked food with the induction cooktop several times but please explain how does it work, thanks | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhopo04",
"fhophxk",
"fhp9z4m",
"fhouy1j"
],
"text": [
"Electrical friction essentially. Create a changing magnetic field under a metal pot. The electrons in the pot see the magnetic field and try to line up in it. The field keeps moving though and the electrons can’t keep up. The... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f4eb0m | Why is it when you try to download an android app, it asks you for way more space than the app takes? | Example: You have an android device with 4GB of storage, and you have 500MB left. You want to download an app that's 60MB. You get a message in the Playstore asking you to free up more storage, even though you already have the space. Sometimes, even smaller apps ask for vast amounts of storage (i.e: a 5MB app asking fo... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhqaggv"
],
"text": [
"Same reason the dresser you pick up at Ikea is smaller when it's in it's unassembled box than the display Products are packaged for distribution, not in it's immediately functional State. It needs to be unpacked, assembled and installed"
],
"score": [
8
],
"... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f4f69c | Why do multimeters have scales which go up to 1.999 mV or 199.9 mV rather than 9.999 mV or 999.9 mV? | Whenever I've used a multimeter (admittedly only cheap crappy ones) they always have scales which go up to 199.9 of a given unit, where the unit can be changed, eg you could set them to a scale max of 199.9 uV, or 1.999 mV or 199.9 mV or 1.999 V (and the same with ohms or amps). Why do the scales always go up to just u... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhq7je0"
],
"text": [
"The most significant digit on the LCD only has the segments to display a 1. It's cheaper to make that way."
],
"score": [
9
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f4iovd | How was World War 2 footage captured? Especially the ones that seemed to be amid actual battles. Were these reporters? Were there rules in place agreed upon by all sides that these folks would not be killed or captured? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhqzl3n",
"fhqztc6",
"fhqzyqb",
"fhr41jq",
"fhqzzob",
"fhr5s70"
],
"text": [
"Combat Camera They were soldiers who were issued cameras and recording gear for the purposes of documenting the battles. Some was sent home for propaganda footage and shown before movies in theat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f4np3s | How does a cruise missile know where to go? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhrvbdb",
"fhs4upo"
],
"text": [
"Maps and cameras! Depends on the particular missile, but it probably has GPS, an inertial guidance system and a terrain matching camera. It has a microprocessor onboard with a flight plan, waypoints and a map of the area and it flies the programmed route.... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f4psoh | When browsing the internet on a phone, why does the screen always seem to jump up or down at the exact same moment you click, causing you to click the wrong link? | So; I know the screen jumps up and down a bit as things like ads load. But, it seems like more often than not everything is totally stationary and done loading, then in the exact moment I try to click a link, the screen jumps again causing me to click something totally different. Is it in my head? Why does this happen? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhs5ifi",
"fhsaazg"
],
"text": [
"They probably do it on purpose because they get money per how many people click on the ads.",
"Its possibly just confirmation bias. You remember the times it does it (\"dang it did it again!\") But you're less likely to remember the times it works as ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f4qhv0 | I don't understand graphics optimization, can you guys help me? | I dont understand that some PC games like Witcher 3 or Hellblade Senua's Sacrifice have awesome graphics and don't too much pain for PCs but some old or meh graphics games make PC sounds like a plane and drops FPS (heating etc.). Everybody says because that games optimized very well but how and why all game devs do tha... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhshkpn"
],
"text": [
"There are smart ways of doing things, and silly ways of doing things. Same applies to coding. Smart takes effort, money, skill and time so sometimes shortcuts were taken or cheats were used to take advantage of a feature that was fast on a particular popular graphics ca... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f4qvxz | Why can't HDMI 2.0 support 4:4:4 RGB HDR? | If HDMI 2.0 supports 18 Gbps, why is it said to "lack" the bandwidth necessary to stream 4:4:4 RGB HDR video? I know Bluray is 80mbps, and that's hardly anywhere near the 18Gbps? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhsn667",
"fhsilth"
],
"text": [
"Why would Blu-ray be 80Mbps? I think you might be confusing compressed bit-rate (i.e. the speed the compressed data comes off the disk) versus uncompressed (i.e. the speed at which video data has to be fed to the TV to show without skipping a frame). 1080... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
f4ujpg | How do you tell a computer what time it is? You can tell a mechanical clock to tick every second using physics but how do you do the same to a non-moving electronic device? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhtqjud",
"fhtr356"
],
"text": [
"You do it with a quartz, which emits a pulse at specific intervals when a certain voltage passes through it.",
"Inside every digital clock is a crystal that physically resonates like a tuning fork when it is excited by electric pulses. This resonance ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f52vg9 | What are analog cameras and how are they different from other types of cameras? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhwdbaa",
"fhwdhau"
],
"text": [
"Analogue cameras is what film cameras became named when digital cameras came out. Film instead of sensor and memory cards.",
"So analogue Cameras tend to be what the mass see as \"old\" cameras, they write the light information to a 35mm (or other siz... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f56m9s | Why can't we send unmanned craft further into space? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhwwgbc"
],
"text": [
"We can. For example, the voyager probes; they're going to keep on going forever until they hit something."
],
"score": [
6
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f575lo | How do speakers work when you increase or decrease the sound? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhwyyst"
],
"text": [
"Speakers work by using an electric signal to move a magnet, which moves a cone, which vibrates the air, which you perceive as sound The speed at which the signal cycles determines the frequency, or the tone. The amount of power determines how hard the magnet is pulled, ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
f58soj | How can the internet be running out of IP addresses? | I read an article that says “amassing IP addresses has become a lucrative business because the American internet registry and its counterparts around the world are running out of unique addresses—or at least the current version, IPv4, of which there are about four billion. A switch to the next generation is under way, ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"fhx7641",
"fhx7584",
"fhx9l42"
],
"text": [
"an ip address is 4x 8 bit numbers. that's it. exactly how they're tallied and how stuff works is more complicated - there are entire qualifications half of which are taken up by various forms of subnetting. the highest value you can have in... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
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