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lewd3n | what exactly is a troll? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"The etymology of \"troll\" in the internet sense doesn't come from troll meaning a mythical creature. It instead comes from the action \"trolling\" which is fishing by luring with a baited line dragged by a boat. Internet trolls post provoc... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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lex1ba | If Internet cables can carry a lot of data per second, why won't these cables replace HDMI/VGA/DVI standards? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmimdmn",
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"text": [
"\"If trains can carry a lot of people very fast, why don't they replace walking, biking, cars, and planes?\" Different strengths and drawbacks is the short answer. Being single-purpose (only image data) has advantages over a genera purpose bus, and point-... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lez36f | Why do Hollywood filmmakers need huge cameras when simple DSLRs and even my phone can record 8k video now? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmizwnp",
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"text": [
"This is actually a good question, because in principle you could get near-cinema quality out of a MUCH smaller camera than what currently gets used for big budget feature films. Most of what cinema cameras are made of is a thick heavy metal body, cooling ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lf0xpw | If OLED Displays have near instant response times, then why aren't all OLEDs high refresh? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmjhybt"
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"text": [
"a lack of processing power. OEMs tend to focus on post-processing of image quality and various audio tricks rather than the fastest refresh rate- doing so generally makes for a better TV experience for most people ...personally, I want to watch the news in 240Hz smoothn... | [
"url"
] | [
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lf1nfk | How do overlays in NFL look so real? Like paint? How are they so accurate? | Players can walk over them and stuff and nothing happens, almost like they are real paint in the grass. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmjfmhh",
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"text": [
"Lots and lots of money thrown at it. Essentially it's the same concept as a green screen, where a computer will recognize certain colors and only overlay where it is supposed to. But to make it work using the field which isn't a nice bright uniform green ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lf4g0a | in older times how did we get metal ores? | Like i know you just melt it down and voila metal but like how did they know what rocks? What was the process surely you can't just melt rocks and get iron, right? How did they know this rock has iron and that one has copper? I understand gold and gold panning did they just pan for copper or whatever metal they wanted ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Metal ores are minerals that typically have a specific color. You can learn to recognize various ores with some practice. For instance, iron ore often has that distinct red rust color. They learned what rocks were like this through trial an... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lferc1 | Machine Learning | I saw "The Social Dilemma" on Netflix and got very curious (and terrified) when they started to talk about machine learning and artificial intelligence but couldn't really understand it and how it works.. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmlbw9p",
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"text": [
"Machine learning is a field dealing with statistical models that automatically adjust themselves and improve given more data. It's really not any more than that. The actual math is somewhat (though not extremely) complicated ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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lffx1s | Why aren’t there universal parameters for online passwords? | How is it 2021 and password parameters are completely site-dependent? Character limits, no special characters/special characters required/only certain special characters, etc. I feel like the various rules makes it more likely people will use bad habits like writing passwords down, or making less complex passwords more... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Because that would require a singular, universal authority to come up with such a thing and no such thing exists. And it is unlikely to ever exist because there isn't universal agreement on what the parameters ... | [
"url"
] | [
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lfisx8 | When companies talk about "self healing" plastics like, in the case of, screen protectors for phones, what are they talking about and how does that work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmm11ok"
],
"text": [
"A self-healing material is one that has some way to repair itself without any sort of human intervention. That can take a variety of shapes, from including a repairing agent mixed into the material that takes some form of action in response to damage, to having the mate... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lfplww | I work in a building that struggles to get 5G or LTE service. Will a mobile hotspot work/help? How does it work? Do I have to connect it to the same service provider I have or can it be a free-standing provider? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmn3ak3"
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"text": [
"It connects to your mobile phones internet so it's with whoever you have your phone contract with. It uses your phone's data, it can't be free-standing. If you don't get 5G on your phone, a hotspot won't help you."
],
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lfr47i | What decides how “big” or how many gigabytes a video game is going to be to download? | i never understood this sole question: what is being downloaded when you download a game, and what makes each game however many gigabytes? Is it the 3d modeling of maps? The coding and game mechanics? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmnd1pv",
"gmnehts"
],
"text": [
"Audio is huge. The whole script is often in several languages. Textures can be huge as well. Prerendered video. I think these 3 things are a large part.",
"While u/Vixxay is right in that most things grew, they did so at extremely different rates. The... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lfs30x | How polygraphs exactly work and what makes them not admissible in court? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmnicey",
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"text": [
"1. They don't work. 2. #1 is why they aren't admissible in court. A polygraph measures certain physical responses like pulse, skin conductivity, blood pressure, and respiration. There is absolutely no solid scientific evidence to support the idea that any... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lfsgeg | How does a computer know how long "1 second" is? | How does a computer know what length of time is one second long?? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmnlhpc",
"gmnm67j",
"gmnkev4"
],
"text": [
"There's a tiny crystal made of quartz that shakes if you pump electricity into it. They found that it always shakes at more or less the same rate for the kind of circumstances most most humans can survive in. So they measure how often it sh... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lfv3pd | How does computer compression and decompression work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmo0oi3"
],
"text": [
"\"The car is the best car in the world\" X=the Y=car \"X y is x best y in x world\" Now imagine that in binary."
],
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7
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lfxkcv | When a processor says it can perform 1 million operations per second, where is it getting so many instructions from and how is it able to handle them so quick? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmoqua3",
"gmodo79",
"gmp8i6s"
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"text": [
"\"Instructions\" at the processor level, are basic operations on basic bits of data stored in memory. The most basic would be literally something like `Take the number stored $HERE and add $X to it.` $HERE represents an address in memory, a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lfyipj | How is our info based on our internet activity sold? | I know that our info is being sold in some way but not sure what kind and how. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmoizfc"
],
"text": [
"Your browsing habits (types of websites, topics you are interested...) are what are sold, along with personal info such as your name, address, phone number, etc. Basically if someone sees you going into a sporting goods store a lot, they’ll assume you like sports/sporti... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lfyor1 | Ethereum and it's proof of stake. | I don't really understand what proof of stake is... I want to get into mining ETH and I don't know how this relates and no one seems to explain in simple terms. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmpk5r5"
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"text": [
"There are two common ways of validating/accepting new blocks. One is proof of work, which is what f.i Bitcoin uses, and involves in a sentence \"Spending a lot of electricity finding a number that can be used to prove the block is valid\". This is fine and all, but many... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lg2my2 | Car thermometers, how do the get the correct temperature without interference from engine heat/wind drag etc? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmozece",
"gmoz42m"
],
"text": [
"Ok, i assume you mean the thermometers that tell you the outside temperature, and NOT those used to monitor interior/engine/... temps. Engine - just dont place it near the engine. The hood itself is full of conducting metals, but any other place should be... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lg3xx2 | Is captcha really effective against bots? If yes, how is it effective? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmp5csc"
],
"text": [
"They are somewhat effective. It is fairly difficult for machines to understand the contents of an image as anything other than \"an image file\". We take for granted all the things out eyes and brain process for us automatically. Teaching a machine these things is an in... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lg41tg | How do green screens work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmp58v5",
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],
"text": [
"Green is a colour that isn't very common in humans. At best some people have green eyes, but even then, not typically the same kind of green as the green screen. As such, we can aggressively remove the background automatically without havin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgc0dy | Why do some computer programs need to be "installed" whereas others will run from an .exe file? | Basically what the title says, sometimes I can run programs as a standalone .exe file, but sometimes the program needs to be installed instead. What is the difference between the two? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Some programs are like an individual hot wheels car that you get when you behave on a shopping trip. You can play with it just all on its own. These programs are usu... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lgcf6v | How do those Dyson fans with no blades work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmql4v2"
],
"text": [
"Through lies and deception. There are fan blades hidden in the base of the fan, take the fan apart and you can see a turbine in there."
],
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lgdtlq | if the oldest movable printing press exists in Korea, so does the oldest books from the printing press... why are the Germans credited with ‘inventing’ it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"There were limited uses of it in China and Korea, but the Germans are the ones who really made mass production viable, kicking off the age of the mass-printed book. One big help is that they only needed the letters of the alp... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgen6a | How does a transistor in a computer get told what to do? (Turn on or off) | So from my understanding, a computer is composed of millions or even billions of microscopic transistors. These transistors are configured in elaborate ways to make different gates to interact with each other. My question is, fundamentally a transistor is basically a switch. But instead of a human turning the switch on... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmqy1o7"
],
"text": [
"Yes. Other transistors. It's a huge chain of them. This chain loops in many places as well. However, there are some external sources. First, peripherals. Keyboards, memory drives, cameras, and whatever else. Other networked computers, even. Alternatively, the clock. The... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lgf8ib | Polarization and screens | I noticed that when wearing my polarized sunglasses I can't see my phone screen, but I turned my phone sideways and can now see clearly. Does anyone have a good explanation for this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmr26re",
"gmr28ak"
],
"text": [
"Yes. Light is a wave. It is polarized perpendicular to the direction it moves. If it is moving up or down, then it is polarized in some horizontal direction. Part of how phone screens work involves polarizing all of the light. If your sunglasses and the s... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lghlsh | What limits digital transmission speed in a usb port for example? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmrkvip",
"gms6zxy"
],
"text": [
"Any connection (not just USB) is limited by: * the number of wires used for data (the more wires, the more data can be sent at the same time, over separate wires). * the length of the cable (the devices that are connected via a cable must \"synchronize\" ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgjvqc | How do LED lights work and why do they last so long? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmrybn8"
],
"text": [
"LEDs work by using voltage to bring electrons up to a higher energy level in their atoms. When they drop back down, they have to lose energy and they do so by emitting light. They last a long time because they don't have the same failure mechanisms as incandescent or fl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgk9qb | Aside from piracy, what are the other major implications of a games source code being leaked? | This situation with CD Projekt Red is crazy right now, but I don't understand why the games source code being leaked is such a big deal since it's a singleplayer offline DRM-free game. People could pirate it day 1, why does this make any difference? They can't find any exploits that would allow them to hack into people... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmrx4dn",
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"text": [
"One perspective is that if a game's source code were to be leaked, it could be used to achieve a company's result of it's hard work that it paid for. Example aside from Cyberpunk 2077: Let's say a company produces a racing game with the most realistic car... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lgkywg | - Considering the technological advancements in the last 50+ years, how comes the relative appearance of astronaut suits have remained the same since then? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gms21vf"
],
"text": [
"Appearance has nothing to do with technology (check out the high fashion from the era of Louis the XIV's time), but there haven't really been any fundamental changes in suit technology. The requirements of the suit haven't changed and the tech stack hasn't really change... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgn9i9 | What exactly is a game's source code and how can stealing it be bad? | Some hours ago I came across a news about how CD PROJEKT RED was hacked and, among other things, had the source codes for three of their games stolen. What does it mean for the company to have something like this leaked? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Source code is kind of like coca-cola's \"secret formula.\" Anyone can buy a coke, drink it, try to determine what it tastes like, but without some very high tech and expensive equipment, you probably can't figure out exactly how it's made.... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lgntn9 | could the M1 Bazookas in WW2 penetrate any German tanks? How do the warheads work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmsi9pp",
"gmsq9rs"
],
"text": [
"It used what’s called a “shaped charge” warhead. There’s an explosive shaped like a funnel, wide end forward, in the warhead. The funnel is lined with metal. The fuze at the front sets off the explosive on contact. The explosive squeezed the metal lining ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgpooa | Why is it better to buy a course from an educational site when you can find it on the internet on some shady sites for free? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmss0pm",
"gmsrlsm"
],
"text": [
"If you're asking: Why should I pay for something, when I could just *steal* it, and get it for free. Then I'm sure you know the answer. If you're asking: Why should I pay for something, when there are free alternatives? I'd say it depends on the context. ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgtnml | Old phones use antennas to get their signal in and out. What is the replacement for the antenna in modern cellphones and how does that work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmtbphs",
"gmtb8ru",
"gmtc6ad"
],
"text": [
"It took some time for cell phone designers to find out how properly place an antenna inside the cell phone itself. The antenna is effected by the metal chassis, wires, battery, the users hand, etc. So it is much easier and better to have th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgtyii | Considering Chess provides perfect information of its board state and has zero randomness, how come the game isn't 'solved' yet? | It seems that there are still chess bots/AI being developed and being improved until now. Seeing as how all possible actions can be calculated and saved in a database ahead of time, why isn't the game solved by just 1 Chess Bot that has all the best moves to win/draw the game everytime? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmtdkf3",
"gmte9cg",
"gmtdr06",
"gmtitb8",
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],
"text": [
"There are far too many possible actions that we couldn't get close to calculating and storing them all. The number of possible board positions is somewhere in the same region as the number of atoms in the Milky... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lgu1n3 | Why are videogame cutscenes, intros and menu scenes rendered in real time instead of using a pre-recorded video? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmte6cf",
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"text": [
"You might have different armour on when the cutscene happens, or if it’s a different time of day in game? It should look fairly consistent with the game as you’re playing it when you trigger the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgu6ax | How are video game AIs programmed? Is it a just a long series of "If Then" statements? Why are some AIs good and others terrible? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmtelmp",
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"gmtitwq",
"gmtmhm1",
"gmtjieo",
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"gmtn8z5",
"gmtozzn"
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"text": [
"There are multiple ways to do it. Generally your if-then statement is close to reality. (Often it's Event based, to allow changes when new information... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgussy | Advanced concepts of Big O with examples (except O(n), O(1)) | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmtjz2t"
],
"text": [
"If you wanted to sort a list of numbers, one of the simplest ways you could do it is to find the smallest number, put it at the beginning, find the second smallest number, put it at the second position, and keep repeating until the list is in order. Finding the smallest... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgvw0i | What is Diffie–Hellman key exchange protocol in Messaging App. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmtvq3l"
],
"text": [
"Diffie-Hellman is a way for two people to share just enough information that they can each generate a secret key for use in encryption but not enough information for an eavesedropper to also generate that key. A good analogy is paint. Paint is easy to mix but impossible... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lgvy49 | How is end to end encryption actually safe? Can't someone just steal the key? | Lemme explain my question. Disclaimer: My question would sound like a 5 year old's explaination itself but bear with me. Say I was texting my friend on a service that is "end to end encrypted" so basically when I hit the send button after typing, it locks it and the key to the lock is with only me and my friend. **But,... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmtpn10"
],
"text": [
"It's called Public Key/Private key encryption. The service you are using gives each user a Private and Public key. It's randomly generated, but the public keys stored on their servers so that they can make the communication work. The way Public Key/Private key encryptio... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lh38pu | What exactly is a voltage controlled amplifier, and why is it important? | We're working on a VCV board in my class, connecting a ton of cables to make sounds, and the teacher stressed the importance of VCA. He said that audio source and envelope generators multiply to create audio output; why is this important? What exactly is VCA anyway? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmuzn7w"
],
"text": [
"VCA = Voltage Controlled Amplifier. You can think of a VCA as basically an automated volume knob. An audio signal is passing through it, being volume-controlled by a control voltage signal. a high control voltage turns the volume up, a low CV turns the volume down. Volu... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lh80o5 | What is ray tracing in video games? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmvq4sj"
],
"text": [
"Even though it looks like they do, games don't usually simulate light actually starting from a light source and bouncing around a scene. Instead, they use a number of visual tricks (like normal maps, which give surfaces 'texture', or ambient occlusion, which makes dista... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lhc7h5 | Why is it so difficult to make synthesized instruments sound like their real-world counterparts? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmwie5e",
"gmwju4f"
],
"text": [
"First, I want to suggest that your experience might be coloured by 'availability bias'. If you ever hear a synthesized instrument good enough to fool you, then, more or less by definition, you won't know you've heard one. One pretty popular brand of synth... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lhdev3 | the differences betwern analogue and digital for storage information | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmwozyp"
],
"text": [
"Emma and Madison are field goal kickers on their (American) football team. Every day they go to the practice field and practice kicking field goals, and as one of their challenges they try to beat their personal best distance record. Emma keeps track of her distance usi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lhf4u9 | Why does making movie cost so much money? | For example, Endgame’s budget is $356 million. What are the cost of it? Also for animation movie, for example, Frozen 2’s budget is $150 million. It might sound stupid but I really need to get it out. If the entire movie are made in computer, why is it cost that much? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmwx36y",
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"text": [
"It takes a lot of people to make a movie. Pay attention to the credits and you will see how much people work in the process of making it. Aside the millions the actors earn, there are other hundreds of people working. CGI dem... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lhgisv | How are media and album Sales counted? Are they counted when the stores buy them or when the costumer buys from the store? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmxgh2p"
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"text": [
"Depends what data you are looking at. Billboard uses a point of sale tracking but requires retailers to opt in. RIAA (gold, platinum etc) uses wholesale shipments, not retail sales. Streams or digital sales are counted in different ways (ie 10 single song purchases equa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lhilaq | In what ways are Android phones less secure than iPhones? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmxdryn",
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"gmxdcl4",
"gmy0kxg"
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"text": [
"Apple only lets you play with toys it gives you. Android also lets you play with anything you bring on your own, including knives, bleach, raccoons, and anything else you can get your grubby little hands on.",
"It's a pre... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lhmuf6 | Why is source code being leaked for a video game a big deal? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gmy390z",
"gmy2vh9"
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"text": [
"the source code is the recipe, the product you buy is the cake. just because you have a piece of cake in your hand doesnt mean you can determine how the cake itself was made. however if people have access to it, they have a much easier time finding exploi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lhr978 | What happens behind the scenes when files are transferred from a USB to another? | Do the files get temporarily saved on the computer and then get transferred to the second USB? Is it the same when files are transferred from a USB to a cloud service? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmywcso"
],
"text": [
"Exactly how it is done depending on the exact implementation of the operating system. I would expect that the way windows do it is to read the data from the USB drive into a disk cache on memory and then write it to the other drive from memory. If it is a small file it ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lhskb7 | How do websites permanently ban users? | I'm aware of how websites can just straight up ban users, but how would they *permanently* ban a user, such that any visit to that website is 'detected'? IP address or some such? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gmz3b67",
"gmz2zry"
],
"text": [
"Part of connecting to a website means telling the website where to send the page to. This has to involve your IP address, or the IP address of the VPN you're using. If the connecting IP is on the blacklist, then you won't get connected.",
"Pretty much... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
li0lbd | How did the CIH virus manage to write data to a computer's BIOS and destroy it? | I've been reading about the CIH virus, which was a very destructive virus from 1998-1999 that would overwrite the BIOS code on your computer with junk data, basically bricking it and making it unable to start. But how exactly did it write to the BIOS chip? Apparently, it only worked on the Windows 95 and 98 kernel. Isn... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn0kel4"
],
"text": [
"All regular computers can write to the BIOS; they need this capability to upgrade the BIOS firmware. The question is just \\*how\\* do you write to the BIOS. CIH used a particular write-enable function that worked only on a subset of BIOS chips available at the time, so... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
li1hbk | Why does a high quality picture/video taken of something look better than seeing it in person? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn0qwuk",
"gn15flx",
"gn0wghv"
],
"text": [
"In professional photos, every light source is placed carefully to make the subject stand out, only a few pictures are selected fom hundreds, and some editing is done to make the picture look even \"better\"",
"It is possible that you ne... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
li22sv | Why do non English original language films have vastly diferent translations between dub and sub? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn0p0t5",
"gn0o9pa"
],
"text": [
"Subtitling and dubbing have their own separate set of rules. Dubbing is more strict on the duration of the sounds and matching it with the lip movement, whereas subtitles have a limit of characters. Source: I’m a translator by education. I don’t work in T... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
li4mu0 | How do sites avoid accidentally banning innocent people? | So I was just thinking out a scenario. Person A comes onto a site and causes problems. They get banned, their IP is logged and they leave. They get a new IP and continue about their business. Person B is assigned an IP which happens to be the one that person A was using. Person B tries to join the site. How, if at all,... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn13uua"
],
"text": [
"They don't, necessarily. Investigation is always needed when something like this is going on, and people don't wander around the Internet with \"I am John Doe, my Social Security number is xxx-yy-zzzz, my address is blah\" taped to them. So if a site is banning SOLELY b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
li6w1o | How did old dial phones figure out where the call is going without having a computer inside? What is the mechanism behind the dial? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn1hb0m",
"gn1g2v9"
],
"text": [
"The old, rotary dial telephones were just a small part of a much more complicated machine - the local telephone switch (local being local to a small town or several large neighborhoods.) As part of the greater machine (local switch), and in order to minim... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
li77ze | Why do microphones make a high pitched sound when they're close together? What causes the sound? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn1i7q0",
"gn1hg9u"
],
"text": [
"It's not when you bring two microphones together, but when a microphone gets too close to a speaker that's playing directly from that same microphone. And you also need an initial sound to set it off - in complete silence it would never start. What happen... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
li7pik | Why does it take an hour to install a game but seconds to uninstall? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn1k6s4",
"gn1ldpl",
"gn1op22"
],
"text": [
"When you delete a file, most of the time the only parts being deleted are the parts that say the file exists. Most of the data sits there waiting to be overwritten by something else. This is why you can recover deleted files. Run a format o... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
li8f1f | I am wondering how the concept of time was first discovered and how? When did human began using “time” in their activities? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn1npoc",
"gn1ntq5"
],
"text": [
"It happened far too long ago for us to know for certain, but early hunters would have judged that after/around dawn would be a good time to start a hunt.",
"so to my knowledge it al started somewhat 2000 b.c in ancient egypt. Egyptians first used the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lidafx | What kind of 'bots' are captcha preventing? | Most captchas are on websites where you have to create an account for something. Are captchas preventing some kind of automation scripts that create multiple accounts on a website? What are some other reasons that captchas exist? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn2gco2"
],
"text": [
"Captcha is meant to deter the usage of any bot, in that they're designed to require human interaction in order to pass the test. Bots can be employed for many purposes, such as mass purchasing of products, en-masse account creation, post creation/spamming, or repeatedly... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lidafy | console vs pc | Why is it readily available to have a modded or hacked game to enjoy on PC while consoles very rarely have hacked or even modded games? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn2h125",
"gn2h1g4"
],
"text": [
"Not saying it's truly black and white but - two aspects - 1. Console makers have a tremendous amount control of the content used on their systems. Since all PS4s are made by Sony, using Sony software, playing games using Sony's proprietary game network sy... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lifth4 | how are we able to have hundreds or thousands of wireless devices sending and receiving signals within range of each other without any of those waves going through the air interfering with one another and corrupting data? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn2vvod",
"gn2ypce"
],
"text": [
"First of all, there's very few cases where there's literally hundreds of thousands of devices attempting to operate on similiar wavelengths in an area similiar to the effective range of those communications. If you think of a worst case scenario like an a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
liid9k | Why does light go into black holes? | If light has no mass why does it get sucked into black holes? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn3bgk5",
"gn3bb2x"
],
"text": [
"Gravity doesn't pull on light the same way that it pulls on masses. But gravity isn't just an attraction between masses, it is more properly understood as a warping of spacetime. What this means is that while an outside observer might see light as being b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
likc1j | Why is commercial air travel still the same speed it was 60 years ago? And will it ever change? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn3m0ad",
"gn3nqsk",
"gn3odmq",
"gn3m3o9",
"gn3m4h3",
"gn7gev1"
],
"text": [
"It did get faster, we had the Concorde, which was super sonic and heinously expensive to operate. That’s really what it is. We’ve optimized aircraft from a cost vs speed perspective. Can we go fa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
likx37 | How did people copy something from a VHS/cassette tape since they're physical..? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn3q6rj",
"gn3qhkf",
"gn3xorm",
"gn4441h",
"gn3rg4p"
],
"text": [
"All digital files are copied from an original. All analog files are copied from an original. The original file will usually have a few backup copies made for redundancy in case it is damaged, but it will also b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lil7sp | How do bits in a computer become meaningful to human beings? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn3rfv0"
],
"text": [
"Bits aren't meaningful. What they produce is meaningful. If I use the bits in a computer to generate a picture of my wife on a monitor, then I will value the computer and its \"bits\" for being able to provide me something valuable to me. I don't care about the bits the... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
limcg0 | What’s special/different about 5G? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn40oir",
"gn41vg3"
],
"text": [
"Videos playing faster isn’t really the point (though it’s a minor point). The main point is that 5G can handle more users in crowded spaces like concerts and sporting events. (In the beforetimes, crowded spaces were when our phones stopped working even th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lipbs7 | Why is black plastic unrecyclable and why is it still used? | Saw a utube today explaing that machines cant "see" black plastic used as food trays etc. If so why not change the colour? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn4hriv"
],
"text": [
"Because if a manufacturer thinks that a black tray sells their product better than that is what they will use. Recyclability of packaging will only be a consideration if it becomes a selling point in itself, which is slowly happening."
],
"score": [
8
],
"te... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
liriye | Why do we recognize CGI when we rewatch a movie years after seeing it the first time? | I went back and watched Avengers: Age of Ultron for the first time since it was originally released and for the first few scenes all I could focus on was how noticeable the cgi had become. I have vivid memories of being blown away by how realistic everything looked when I saw it years ago. As special effects technology... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn4s1ka"
],
"text": [
"It's because CGI gets better and better slowly so we don't notice the change as much over time. Then when you look back at old stuff you have recent far superior CGI to compare to the less advanced stuff."
],
"score": [
11
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lit6gz | I know many rice cookers use fuzzy logic (or fuzzy math?) So it cooks the rice the right amount of time. How does this work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn5306d",
"gn5eych",
"gn5d6zj"
],
"text": [
"The basic ones are a bit simpler than “fuzzy” logic. Water can only stay liquid up to 100 degrees C. While there is liquid water in the cooker it’ll have a max temperature of 100C. Any excess heat put in gets used to turn the water to steam... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
liuzgg | teeth whitening kits | Can anyone explain to me how the teeth whitening kits that shine a bright bluish/purple light on you teeth work? How do they make your teeth whiter? For example, “Smile” was a popular one there for a while, and I believe Crest has one now as well. I assume that they must work... otherwise someone would have surely comp... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn5dguw"
],
"text": [
"It's basically bleach, usually peroxide based. Oxygen transfers from the peroxide and attaches to stuff that stains teeth breaking it up and fading the color. The kits that come with lights use UV light to make the process happen faster, in a similar way that heating ch... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
livuuo | how GPS satellites handle a huge amount of requests? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn5l7bm",
"gn5lim8"
],
"text": [
"GPS satellites don't receive signals, they emit signals (and is always the same for everyone). Your GPS device must receive signals from at least 3 different satellite in order to calculate your position using a technique called trilateration. Each gps sa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
liwi3p | why does the wii remote work when you put fire in front of it? | URL_0 | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn5va82"
],
"text": [
"The Wii bar that you put near your screen is just two infra red LEDs, the Wii remote has infrared receivers and is just looking for an infrared source, because anything hot is an infrared source all it needs to be is hot enough."
],
"score": [
24
],
"text_ur... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lj1w2s | What does a GPU do when you play a game. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn82s2l",
"gn86jaf"
],
"text": [
"For your computer at home, games are harder to run fast than the other things you're probably asking it to do. There's a lot of math the computer does in the background trying to figure out where all the stuff in the game is and how it should look on your... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lj6al1 | How does a neutron bomb work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gn9iv5w",
"gn9pan7"
],
"text": [
"A modern nuclear weapon is usually a fission-fusion-fission design. That means you use a fission reaction to get enough energy for a fusion reaction and then use the neutrons from the fusion to get even more fission. That can give you a really *tremendous... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lj8ji4 | When TV's had no display and were a static screen (black and white dots), what causes the static sound? | Back in the day (mostly) when you had nothing plugged into your TV you would get a black and white static screen with a static noise. What causes the noise? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnagtfe"
],
"text": [
"Are you asking specifically about the sound? The sound and the pattern are two sides of the same coin. Normally, a TV would be receiving a signal of information for picture and sound. When there's nothing connected or the signal isn't good, the TV picks up on random bit... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
ljql9w | Why does infrared light from remotes only work on the TV it’s assigned to? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnf5ykv",
"gnf9b21",
"gnf8g0d"
],
"text": [
"The infrared light isn't just like a flashlight, it is blinking specific codes to tell the television what to do. Those specific sequences of blinks are different for different manufacturers so the remotes are not interchangeable. There do ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ljvq0i | When people are on the news or a podcast how do the microphones not pick up the other persons voice if they are co hosts for example and right next to each other | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gngkv13",
"gnglbup"
],
"text": [
"There are many different types of microphones that are designed to have their own way of picking up sound called polar patterns. Some microphones have a focused point so it only picks up the source directly in front of the microphone. These are called car... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ljvudp | the difference between computer monitors and TVs, and why you don’t want to use a TV as your monitor | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gngly18",
"gngjwsl",
"gngkccs"
],
"text": [
"In the old days (up to 2005ish) TVs and computer monitors were generally very dissimilar -- they used different inputs (RCA jacks for TV; VGA & DVI for monitors), and monitors generally supported higher resolutions & color depths. With the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lk2hj3 | Why aren't commercial airplanes faster? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnhl7m2",
"gnhl46x"
],
"text": [
"Flying close to and above the speed of sound consumes a lot more fuel per passenger-mile travelled (due to the need for the aircraft to be able to handle the forces involved and other factors)",
"How fast do you want them to be?"
],
"score": [
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lk8fma | - Why can't film directors film a scene from every angle with multiple cameras and remove them in post? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnijr4u",
"gniohi5",
"gniiawk",
"gnipb6f",
"gnioqn0"
],
"text": [
"Even if camera removal in post were cost-effective enough to use, dramatic lighting really only looks best on one side at a time. If filming multiple angles is a necessity, it will usually need to be done with ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lk8q3z | Why do iphones pause at 80% charge instead of 100% | Apple has an optimized battery charging mode where if you keep it on, your phone stops charging at 80% while you sleep and starts changing again from 80 to 100% before you wake up Why not just have the phone charge straight to 100% and it stops there? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnikuoj"
],
"text": [
"Li-ion batteries don't like being at the extreme ends of their voltage range. If they're below say 20% or above say 80%, the batteries will age much faster. By stopping at 80% and then finishing the charge before the phone gets taken off the charger, you make sure that ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lklicd | how are people able to hack into webcams and spy on other people? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnkfd39"
],
"text": [
"Because the people who set them up, don't use secure passwords, and so when a hacker finds the device they just try commonly used passwords, and get in. People are warned over and over to use secure passwords, but they don't because its hard to remember. Also, many comp... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
lkmlbe | How do radio waves get "encrypted"? | If radio waves are just non-visible light waves that are picked up by a vibrating rod, how does a radio wave get "encrypted" so that it can't be picked up unless it's unencrypted? Edit: Everyone keeps commenting that the content of the message is what's encrypted, not the radio waves itself, but that's not what I mean.... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnkloiq",
"gnklo5h",
"gnklooz",
"gnkoap5",
"gnklvin"
],
"text": [
"The content that they're holding is encrypted. Let's take a basic Caesar shift. Every letter in a phrase is shifted along the alphabet by a predetermined amount. So if I start with the phrase \"explain like I'm... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lkpls1 | Why is it bad when a game developer has lost the source code to game it wants to rerelease/remaster? Isn't all the data needed in the original retail copies? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnl2la8",
"gnleop0",
"gnlho23",
"gnlyg2c"
],
"text": [
"The code distributed to users isn't the original source written by the authors, instead it's a compiled machine code that can be run by a computer. In an analogy, think of it as a cake. You can't figure out the recipe just by... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ll4arn | Why should I care that Google and other tech giants have my data? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnnai8m",
"gnndnzh",
"gnnamtk",
"gnndgzi",
"gnnet0n"
],
"text": [
"Because you have almost no say in what Google does with it. Sure, it might might OK if they sell it to a company who uses it to show you ads for things you actually like or want. But what if Google were to sell... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ll5wz6 | Why are MRI’s so loud? | Just had an MRI. Why are they so loud? Additionally. I could decipher about 12 different “tones/noises.” What does that translate to ? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnnk2q9"
],
"text": [
"The machine generates an enormous pulsing magnetic field. Almost everything in the machine is as non-magnetic as possible, but that's not completely non-magnetic. Copper atoms, for example, react to strong magnetic fields. While the machine is quite sturdy, any possible... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
ll6m7o | Why are telecommunications cables not all underground? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnnrrn6",
"gnnspvv",
"gnno8nt",
"gnnnqjh"
],
"text": [
"Everything boils down to money. Switching from poles to underground sounds easy and logical on the surface. In reality it's very different. You have a utility pole in your back yard, utility company has an easement and right ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ll96q4 | Why do companies ask you to forward phishing emails to them as an attachment? | When you get a phishing email, sometimes a company will have a specific division that deals with that concern. So they'll ask you to forward any emails of that nature to a specific email address. But sometimes they ask you to do so as an attachment. Why? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gno36p0",
"gno86xj"
],
"text": [
"Because if there's any malicious code in the e-mail itself, having it separate as an attachment helps mitigate that. The IT department can open it on their own terms as opposed to opening your forwarded email that could then infect their systems.",
"T... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
llct6f | How does binary trigger current in hardware? | I’m not very technical so apologies if I use terms interchangeably that don’t make sense but I will try to explain. What I understand and put very basic is: we write code, it then gets “converted” so that the computer understands it. This is represented by 1’s and 0’s that trigger current in the hardware that gets stor... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnowmvo"
],
"text": [
"Is it your hand which grasps, or is it your fingers doing all the work? Is is software which puts those icons on your screen, or is it currents? The thing to understand about the computer is that it's *all* just electrical currents. All the logical, visual stuff you see... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
llfsxj | What has actually happened to the power grid in Texas and how does green vs. fossil-fuel energy factor in? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnp9owc",
"gnpbin0"
],
"text": [
"Mainly they have had to shut down power production because the facilities weren't designed to handle the cold weather. They use water to produce power in most places, and the water froze. And fossil vs green didn't factor in. 23% of their power comes from... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
llfv3z | What does the code that makes up programming languages look like? | Take a language like Java. How was it originally created? I can’t wrap my head around how someone invented a computer language to run without having some “prior” language that it allows the first lines to function. Is it just Java all the way down, like someone wrote a single line of Java and then every other line was ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnpioil",
"gnpa2zm",
"gnpb2gh",
"gnpd7s7",
"gnp9qgx",
"gnpislo",
"gnpfezh",
"gnpgmxa",
"gnpljb1"
],
"text": [
"There are many different \"levels,\" to programming. (Warning, lots of words, but pretty simple) The lowest level of programming is transistors. We ca... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
llhyvg | How do digital to analog conversions work? | Analog signals are waves, meaning they should have a near infinite amount of possible states, compared to a digital signal which can ONLY be a 1 or 0. I understand that some logic is required to properly perform a DAC, and conversely an ADC, but how does a 1 or 0 represent a real world position of a wave? A wave doesn'... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnpqeua",
"gnpm7hl",
"gnpm7c8"
],
"text": [
"Let's start by analog to digital conversion. Let's imagine a speaker, that moves back and forward, and we want to digitally capture what's happening. There are two things that need to be decided beforehand: - How often will we measure the p... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
llmiwo | why are there cables at different speeds if they are all made of copper? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnqeu05",
"gnqfzf2"
],
"text": [
"When signals travel through copper they create a magnetic field that in turn and induce signals on other copper wires. The solution for this is to have the cables twist around so that both of the wires recieved the same amount of noise, this is a balanced... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
llmwvl | How Alan Turing’s machine, the Bombe, worked to decode the German enigma-encrypted messages | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnqkbk4"
],
"text": [
"The main components was a bunch of rotors that were wired like those in the enigma machines. The first one was powered by a motor, and each full rotation it would advance the next one by one position. That allowed them to check all possible rotor settings of the enigma ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
llnrta | Why TV static is black and white? | I know TV static is just radio noise the TV antenna picks up with multiple sources, but why only black and white static? Why no colours even with a colour TV? Wouldn't the TV pick some noise that would give it some colour? I tried googling, but couldn't get a satisfactory answer or one that wasn't too technical. I hope... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnqmwfl",
"gnqm8r8"
],
"text": [
"Tv started out as black and white. Later, color signals were added but they were added in a way to make the overall signal still compatible with black and white TVs. The color portion of the signal is controlled by a 3.5795Mhz frequency burst and the TV h... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
llom6s | why do some lightbulbs flicker on and off for a second when you turn them on? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnqx9bo"
],
"text": [
"Are you referring to the initial flickering and clacking of fluorescent tubes? That is because the gas inside needs to be ionized before it can glow, and ionization requires quite a bit of energy. So they build up energy slowly, then release it in a spike which ionizes ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
llopbc | Unified Endpoint Management? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnqtm4f"
],
"text": [
"Basically, companies have to figure out strategies and tactics for managing all of the devices that handle their corporate data. Everything has tradeoffs. There are two main tactics - MDM and MAM - which decide whether IT owns and controls your entire mobile device or i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
llsq4x | Why are internet cookies called cookies? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnr8897",
"gnr7tmd",
"gnrbltg"
],
"text": [
"Cookie comes from Magic Cookie, which comes from Fortune Cookie. The idea of a cookie with a hidden message inside.",
"URL_0 > The term \"cookie\" was coined by web-browser programmer Lou Montulli. It was derived from the term \"magic c... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
llw0uj | How do AC to USB wall warts work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnrppge"
],
"text": [
"They take the 120VAC, run it through a rectifier to make it about 180VDC. Then take the DC and switch it on and off with some transistors through a flyback transformer to transform it from somewhere around 180VDV to 5V. Bam, USB power. More complicated ones may be able ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
llz0jr | How come rotary phones came before phones with buttons? Isn't it much simpler to use buttons? | I don't really know how phones work(ed), nor how the dialing of a number "called" a different machine, but why did it make more sense to use rotary phones instead of buttons right away? What in the whole process, made it suitable for rotary phones? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gns6luo",
"gns6qsh",
"gns6v79"
],
"text": [
"That was all before my time, but we covered it in electronics class. If im remembering right. The simplest way to explain it is that buttons were digital, rotary was analog. Buttons on phones are called \"touch tone\" because they don't act... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
lm0o25 | Why do drones/quadcopter have a long range, even though they have a small antenna while the router at home has a short range even though they both use a 2.4 GHz frequency | Recently i found out that some consumer drones can fly as far as 6 km with a small antenna. how can they achieve this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"gnsgwnk",
"gnsifqk"
],
"text": [
"Your router's signal is getting soaked up by floors and walls and plumbing and electrical wires and carpeting and and and... You're flying the drone outside, with less to block the signal.",
"Antenna size actually plays little factor into range. Its s... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
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