Split (1)

train · 14k rows

q_id stringlengths 6 6	title stringlengths 4 294	selftext stringlengths 0 2.48k	category stringclasses 1 value	subreddit stringclasses 1 value	answers dict	title_urls listlengths 1 1	selftext_urls listlengths 1 1
6vload	What regulates air traffic over long distances? What's to keep two planes flying over the Atlantic from crashing midflight?	Also, when do direction of the plane switch over from one airport to the next? Thanks you Reddit aces!	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm18cop" ], "text": [ "There are some general principles of air navigation to prevent aircrafts from crashing into each other. First of all there are air corridors where most aircrafts are flying within. This is the shortest path between common points and also contain radio beacons to make th...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6vmpf4	How are wooden barrels made to not leak?	For hundreds of years, wooden barrels were used to ship and store a multitude of goods. Including liquids, how was this possible?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm1eheb", "dm1ezqy", "dm1n8wy" ], "text": [ "It takes a long time to build a barrel, but the longest time is simply letting the wood air dry for a few years. The easiest simple explanation is that they use the two iron bands and a big old hammer to bang the wooden slats in so that the...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6vnn2y	Why are AM towers so dangerous?	Touching a live AM tower results in instant smiting. Why is it so dangerous? The whole thing is an antenna or something?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm1m8aj", "dm1padx" ], "text": [ "Yes. AM radio stations broadcast on such long wavelengths that they normally use \"hot tower\" set ups where the tower is insulated from the ground and then the whole tower is fed from the feedline. Broadcast AM power levels range anywhere from 1 kilowatt...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6vnqb3	What does a nanometer mean when talking about processor dies?	Does it refer to each transistor measuring 14 (or say) nanometers or a bunch of them? Also, i see a lot of websites which say things like "true" 14nm and otherwise. Isn't it universal? For example, is Intel's 14nm different from say, Samsung's or Global Foundry's?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm1nbph", "dm1nbjd" ], "text": [ "14nm is the size of the features, not entire transistors. [If you look at pictures like this]( URL_0 ), a 14nm process can accurately make 14nm-wide features.", "It refers to the minimum feature size -- parallel electrical llines would have a minimum ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6vri6v	what about the chips in credit/debit cards makes it safer than the magnetic strip		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm2fr1a", "dm2fom1" ], "text": [ "It prevents one specific form of credit card fraud--cloning. The information on the magnetic strip can be read, then used for a subsequent transaction. This is because the information on the chip is static and unencrypted. The information in the chip is u...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6vwhc7	How can merely opening an email be dangerous, if you don't download the attachments?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm3jyaj" ], "text": [ "Email at first was text only, now it can contain images, gifs, etc. This is because web technologies (HTML, CSS) spilled into email territory. So, the email clients (Outlook, Thunderbird, etc...) now need the ability to render emails like a web browser but instead of re...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6vxz3t	How does Velcro work, and why does it get dull after use?	I've always wondered how the pads stick together and how come after some time it gets unsticky?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm3stio" ], "text": [ "The generic name for Velcro is \"hook and loop\", which gives you an idea of how it works. The fuzzy side is a lot of little loops, while the more rigid side is a bunch of small hooks. When you try to pull them apart, the hooks grab onto the loops, and hold it in place....	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6vz4nh	How do download managers throttle download speed?	Some download managers (like IDM for example) or torrent applications have an option to limit your download (or upload) speed. So my question is, how do they do that? What's the tech behind it?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm42lw5" ], "text": [ "There are a number of things at play here, but it all comes down to packets and sockets. The data you're sending (or receiving) is chunked up into packets of predetermined size and buffered (queued) for transmission They're then sent along the TCP/IP relay, and any pack...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w1nwi	How do oil rigs work?	Especially the ones you see in empty fields, moving up and down	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm4nevn", "dm4njmc" ], "text": [ "It's kind of like a reverse plunger. An engine pushes a plug into the ground, when it pulls up, the suction brings up oil.", "The ones you see in the empty fields moving up and down are called pumpjacks. They're actively pumping oil out of the ground....	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w27e8	Smart Lightbulbs	How Can a Smart Lightbulb allow electricity to move and power the lightbulb when you are not manually turning on a switch? Sorry if its a stupid question, I probably dont have an fundamental understanding of electricity/lightbulbs but some features smart lightbulbs advertise is the ability to use your smart phone to tu...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm4trh4" ], "text": [ "The smart lights have a small computer inside them. So they are really two devices, a computer and a light bulb. It also has an electronic switch that works like a gate. When a certain voltage is sent to the switch, it opens the gate and which allows electricity from th...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w37c0	Why is it bad to have two anti-virus softwares installed?	I've heard that having multiple anti-virus/malware programs installed can create a lot of problems. Is this true? Why or why not?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm52xtq", "dm53ja5" ], "text": [ "Because when a antivirus scans your pc, what they actually do is scan your HDD for files, meaning, they put your pc under a lot of stress reading a lot of files and processing them looking for patterns of known malware and suspicious behaviour. Add anothe...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w3o7f	How does the news get shots of reporters in hurricanes?	With high-speed winds and rain, how do camera crews get that shot of a reporter standing in the storm? What does that setup look like?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm5nwc8" ], "text": [ "I watched Hannity last night. While they were filming the reporter in Corpus Christi, the camera crew was in a parking garage and pretty well protected. The reporter was standing out in the street to get maximum drama. The camera just used a zoom lens to make it look li...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w3sks	How much control does Google have on the internet?	I remember a couple of years ago, Google servers stopped working for a very obscure amount of time, during which a large amount of the internet traffic worldwide ceased to exist. So I just wanted to know how much control and influence they have over the internet? And why can't they employ such power to hurt the busines...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm550s9", "dm54roj" ], "text": [ "There's basically three ways that a website can depend on Google. * First, you have Google's websites, obviously. So URL_0 , gmail, blogspot, YouTube, and so on. Obviously those will be completely down. * Second, you have other people's websites hosted on...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w4czv	How did alarm clocks set the time for the alarm to go off before they were electronically controlled?	Back when alarm clocks were still gear powered, how did turning a dial in the back let the clock know when to ring the alarm?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm5aop5" ], "text": [ "If my logic holds up: Think of the alarm hand as a trigger. When you choose your time, you set the point in which the hour hand (Or a part of the mechanism controlling it's movement) hits it, setting it off." ], "score": [ 11 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w4mv1	Why is 60fps held as the gold standard when making video games?	Why not 40fps or 70fps?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm5cd13", "dm5biwi" ], "text": [ "The American power grid runs at 60 Hz. Therefore, American television was designed to run at 60 Hz. Early home computers used television tubes for video output and were built in America. Therefore, early computers ran at 60 Hz. Therefore, PC monitors were...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w4tr4	Why isn't Windows Based on UNIX		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm5bw25" ], "text": [ "Because Windows was built on an existing framework - MS-DOS. UNIX was built for workstations, not personal computers. So it would have been impossible to cram it onto on a lightweight machine like the original PC. It was also wholly unnecessary, as its core feature - ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6w66ke	Why do browsers get stuck loading, but after a refresh the page loads fine?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm5m9r4", "dm5yiuh" ], "text": [ "When you try to open a webpage, your computer has to send a request to the place where the webpage is stored, asking to view the webpage. The webpage then sends the page to you in small chunks called data packets, because it's too big to send all in one g...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wb0ak	Why do downloads often stop at 99% before finishing?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm6sj75", "dm6pkn8", "dm6yfw2" ], "text": [ "Three possible reasons: 1. File integrity verification: Your computer performs an operation on the data you downloaded and compares the result to a checksum. If answer and checksum do not match, the data is corrupt. This is how your com...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wbc3k	How does the technology that sees if tennis balls are in or out work, and how come it hasn't completely replaced linesmen?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm6s48q", "dm6r6ql" ], "text": [ "I know more about this than a lay-person should, but that's perhaps because I'm considering starting a business in this area. On this, you can AAMA - I know quite a bit. I also know this is _way_ more info than you actually care about, and nobody is going...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wbdzb	What's the difference between DVI-I and DVI-D?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm6r80i", "dm6r7nj" ], "text": [ "DVI-D is digital only. This means that both the device and the monitor have to support the digital signal. DVI-I combines digital and analog signal. This allows you to use it to connect either digital or analog devices. Specifically it allows you to conne...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wbpfw	How do live YouTube streams of TV shows get away with it?	I've spent all day binge watching live YouTube streams of South Park, Family Guy and American Dad on my TV and it's been great But I've been wondering how these streams survive considering that when full episodes of TV shows are uploaded to YouTube they are always quickly removed due to copyright.	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm6t1fu", "dm6wcv4", "dm6ts7e", "dm7b6g9" ], "text": [ "Because streams cannot be easily automatically processed by Youtube's ContentID system. Someone would have to report the stream to the copyright holder, then they would have to contact Youtube to shut down the stream.", "...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wc6gt	Has handgun technology apparently stopped advancing?	So, maybe this is all based on a misconception, but it seems like gun technology has been at almost a standstill. For example, the M1911 pistol, more than a hundred years old, is still considered a valid and respectable combat weapon. How is this the case? If you tried to go into battle with an airplane from 1911, ...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm6wcc1" ], "text": [ "Pistols are simple mechanical tools. The hammer hasn't changed much in centuries either. Adding more stuff means more stuff to break or fail. It does all it needs to do. Having said that...they have changed. The metal alloys used and other raw materials change with prog...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wc6tr	Why cameras and screens go crazy when recording/displaying lots of thin stripes?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm733k0", "dm6wzz5" ], "text": [ "It's called a [moiré pattern]( URL_0 ), caused by two overlaying patterns that aren't identical or aligned. In this case the \"patterns\" are the square grid of the pixels in the camera sensor and the other can be a pinstriped shirt, overlapping when the ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wc78m	What does a CPU actually do?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm6wtpf", "dm6xtkc" ], "text": [ "A CPU is essentially a calculator. It does arithmetic like adding, subtracting and multiplying numbers, and can then make \"decisions\" based on the results of those operations. It reads sequences of instructions and executes them. Instructions are arithm...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6weive	Why are 100%cotton button-down shirts made out of a different fabric than 100% cotton t-shirts?	T-shirts are stretchy. However, button-down shirts only recently started incorporating elastane/etc. for the "stretch" effect. Why not just make button-downs with the same stretchy 100% cotton that t-shirts are made out of?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm7fm2e", "dm7fnu4" ], "text": [ "Woven fabric vs. knit fabric is why button downs don't have the stretch that t-shirts do. Here's a blown up photo of [woven fabric]( URL_0 ), which has a grid look to it. And here's [knit fabric]( URL_1 ), which is interlocking loops. While these aren't c...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wfok0	What would happen if you didn't turn on airplane mode during a flight?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm7nigr", "dm7vtib" ], "text": [ "Nothing. Absolutely friggin nothing. To put it another way: Things that will happen = zero. The opposite of something will happen. Really, like, not a thing.", "To add to the \"Nothing\" response... Obviously thousands of people get on planes every da...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wg6no	Why does Computer Science have one of the highest unemployment rate of all majors when the field has so many job openings?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm7syc8", "dm7soee", "dm7trp4", "dm7z68k", "dm7yjh1", "dm7spv9", "dm7sjkr", "dm7zyjk", "dm7ybvx" ], "text": [ "CS is a decent credential for programming jobs, but it isn't particularly good training. Most people need a ton of self-directed practice before they'...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wj5nv	How does a computer OS work? Why are there so many files?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm8knmv" ], "text": [ "If you can imagine how much effort It might take to use a grid of on/off states that effect each other to create a cohesive structure for understanding numbers, and then on top of that to try and create a system for using that system of numbers to do something as simple...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wkbks	How do floods like Houston flooding happen with all the modern technology and drainage systems we have? How do they even happen?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm8mvas", "dm8mtzl", "dm8mu47" ], "text": [ "Finally, something in my wheelhouse! So, I'm a civil engineer, specifically I do surface water management - so I design culverts, ditches, dams, other water management structures. There's a concept in hydrology called \"Return Period,\" and...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wm98m	When a new company make a phone why do they make a skin?	Wouldnt it be cheaper to use stock android?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm92fgf" ], "text": [ "Part of the issue is that phone companies don't want to be in the business of making a hardware product that runs generic software. They want consumers to feel that it's a product from X company through and through. This is a problem seen in the windows laptop world. Th...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wn1u7	Why cant we artifically metabolize food to use as a renewable energy resource?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm98ps7" ], "text": [ "We can. That's basically what bio-diesel/corn-based ethanol fuel is. The problem is that food provides enough energy to power a human body handily, but when you want to start powering machines with it, you need a lot, more than there's really room to grow if you wante...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wo4ro	How did cartoons like Tom and Jerry look so detailed, and most of them were made in the 1940s?.		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm9hqe1", "dm9iacf", "dm9i9ok" ], "text": [ "The backgrounds were actually paintings in a lot of the old animated cartoons and movies, and often pretty highly detailed. The characters themselves (and anything else that moves) were animated on top of the painted background using transp...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wp6s8	Intel's Core processor differences and what is Skylake and Kaby Lake		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm9q8oy" ], "text": [ "Those are \"code names\" for different processor generations. Kaby Lake was released in 2016, Sky Lake in 2015. Intel produced processors on a \"tick-tock\" cycle. That means every tick of the clock (12-18 months) they change the architecture, trying to get a faster pro...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wq2en	In firearms, how do fire selector mechanisms work?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dm9y9k1" ], "text": [ "When a gun cycles the bolt carrier group cocks the hammer which is held cocked by a sear on the trigger (if the trigger isn't pulled). If the fire selector is on safe it will simply block the trigger from being pulled (and therefore the hammer can't be released). On sem...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wrmib	Coffee and cocoa beans are awful raw, and both require significant processing to provide their eventual awesomeness. How did this get cultivated?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dma97sq", "dmabd8d", "dmafykw", "dmab7ko", "dmb8duu", "dmailm4", "dma72bb", "dma8g5a", "dmaeyka", "dma7fui", "dmaksel", "dmas48g", "dmb38v8", "dmav23f", "dmavr1f", "dmasbop", "dmb4hgs", "dmax0bb", "dmakxg8", "dmaxq15", "d...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wso4x	Why exactly is cross site scripting so terrible?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmahurq" ], "text": [ "Terrible isn't the right word, dangerous is the word. You are basically saying I trust this other website that is outside of the control of the site I am visiting to execute shit on my computer. Imagine visiting URL_0 and they want to run a script from URL_2 . URL_1 get...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wtlru	. Why can't email services provide an unsend option (at least until the recipient opens it)		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dman5q3", "dmanh87" ], "text": [ "Because at that point it's on the recipient's email server. They can't go in and delete stuff on another machine. Add to that that the standard email uses is ancient, and if you update it at all, good luck having anyone else be compatible with it.", "...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wu2qm	Why do so many actors end up producing their own movies?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmarfft" ], "text": [ "\"Producer\" describes a wide range of roles in movie production - usually people working for or with the studio to secure and plan the budget or act as the movie's business manager so that the director and actors can focus specifically on their work. Usually when an ac...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wuino	online quiz/test websites that require facebook login. why do they require that, what information do they get and what do they do with it?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmausai", "dmav6aw" ], "text": [ "They get to profile you. Facebook ties your login with a nameless identity. That has interests, dislike, political opinions. And the most importantly interests = shopping potential = monetization for advertisers", "A lot of information is shared in bo...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wv8dw	Do missiles detonate when they are fired at the ocean? How do [the agencies firing the missile] know that there aren't boats in those areas at the time of impact?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmb2bix", "dmb09nr" ], "text": [ "An important fact here besides the other answers about dud warheads and other safety features is that the ocean is huge. And I mean HYUGE. Take a look via Google Earth at the ports around populous cities like New York, and you'll see some boats. But look ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wvyo2	Who is the mobile provider for the US Government? What mobile devices do they use? I would assume it's not a private carrier like Verizon.		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmb6eap" ], "text": [ "The US government uses a variety of public carriers, Verizon is a major one they use for a lot, as Verizon does a lot of large corporate accounts. The US government does not own or operate a mobile phone network. Nothing special about it. They buy phones and plans. They...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wwbt5	How did early man come across advanced food recipes, like for example bread, when it seems too complicated to guess or figure out on your own?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmb9r0j", "dmb9ir3", "dmb9ls6" ], "text": [ "Most if it was accidents. Oh no I left this grain out to long in the sun and it dried. Let me get mad and beat at it and now it's dust. Get mad again and repeat in the same area. Look at that a rain drop better go hid. Well it didn't rain t...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wwncf	Why did Apple get rid of "Swipe to Unlock" in place of Touch ID?	On iOS 10 it is technologically insufferable that Apple does not provide another option to unlock your phone outside of Touch ID. I know that the Passcode screen will show after a few attempts, but there is no way to go directly to the Passcode screen without a Touch ID attempt...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmcdwtd", "dmbqp6x" ], "text": [ "I am 99% sure that you dont need to store any fingerprints, and thus not have to use TouchID. Either way, hitting home after on the finterprint screen should bring up the password prompt", "I could be mistaken since I have an older iPhone without a To...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wwnzt	Why do some high-end digital cameras have much lower megapixel counts than some budget models?	A Canon 1DX is a professional grade camera with an 18.1 megapixel sensor but you can get budget models with 20.1 megapixel sensors. Does it not make that much of a difference?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmbceqm" ], "text": [ "The amount of megapixels doesn't necessarily make the camera better. The sensor size/quality + lens used is what matters most. As an example, the 1DX is a full frame sensor. If you get a budget model like a Canon ELPH 180 it is capable of saving images to 20MP format, b...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wwrqx	Do we posses technology to detect and stop a nuclear missile?? If yes how does it work? If no is there hypothetical solution that could be developed in the near future?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmbe6vp", "dmbe0s5", "dmbg3hr", "dmbjlrl" ], "text": [ "Detect an incoming missile? Absolutely. We've been able to detect ICBMs shortly after launch with over-the-horizon radar (now supplemented with satellite surveillance) since we began developing them in the 1950s. Stop an inco...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wy2i7	How does turning an old black & white picture into color actually work?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmblwwt", "dmblkr4" ], "text": [ "Maybe stupid question, but the editor is guessing what colors might be where? I.e skin color, background, clothing etc..", "Colorizing any black and white photo is very easy, you can even do it with drawings. The shading and detail is already there. T...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6wy7i7	How do "taps" work in Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs)?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmbmhmt" ], "text": [ "A 'tap' is a single step of amplitude. So a DAC with 256 'taps' could produce 256 different voltages across it's range. Having more taps than your original digital signal does nothing for you. More importantly, having more taps than your system's analog noise can accomm...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6x1033	How can TV's be turned on automatically during an emergency situation? Who has the control over when that would be needed?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmcb0zc", "dmchpqh" ], "text": [ "Most new TVs have something called Consumer Electronics Control, (CEC). It uses the HDMI connection between devices like Blu-ray players and your TV. When properly setup it will let your Blu-ray player do things like turn the TV on and sel...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6x24mz	How are digital currencies made and how do you convince people to use them?	I don't mean the mining process, but the currency itself, who makes it and why would people use it after it is released when they can trade it to very few individuals	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmcn572" ], "text": [ "Because you mention mining, I'm assuming you're talking about cryptocurrency. > I don't mean the mining process, but the currency itself The mining is what 'creates' the currency. Try not to think of cryptocurrency as an actual thing, like gold coins or dollar bills, bu...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6x2ecd	Are there any circumstances in which a computer virus could be used constructively, rather than destructively?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmcjf6p", "dmcliwi", "dmckd4j" ], "text": [ "Yes. There was once a virus that took advantage of a security flaw in Windows to forcefully install a patch that fixed the flaw that it exploited. Needless to say, this is frowned upon and rare. If you're trying to do good, it's better to d...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6x2k2k	In layman's terms, what does P=NP mean?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmcmb8d" ], "text": [ "P and NP are two classes of problems. P means that the problem can be solved in \"polynomial time\" by a computer. That means that the amount of time it takes to solve the problem grows in some sort of polynomial relationship with the size of the input. To give an examp...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6x5528	How did voyager spacecraft sent images of Uranus and Neptune?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmd5uoe" ], "text": [ "Voyager broke down each image into a series of numbers representing the dots that make up the picture, and sent streams of numbers back to Earth by radio, where they were reassembled into pictures. Pretty much the same way pictures are sent through the Internet today." ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6x60m5	Why does new battery in older cellphone gets discharged at the same speed as the old battery?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmdcj8r" ], "text": [ "Heres the thing. Lithium batteries have a variable voltage, while they do specify 3.7v they actually vary between 4.2 and 3.2v depending on the charge level, thats how your phone mesures how much battery is left, the more chage, the higher the voltage difference (4.2v i...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6x9iga	What effects to game developers use to make massive, open world games (such as GTA V or Skyrim) seem so huge while still feeling so proportional?	For example; Trevor tells Michael in GTA V that he is a few hours up the road from LS. And while it looks and feels like a long distance, it only takes me a few minutes of real time.	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dme8ft2" ], "text": [ "For the case you mentioned, you're in the truck with Trevor's goofy sidekick, right? I can't remember his name, but I do remember the conversation he and Trevor have in the truck to be pretty boring. I'm sure that makes the journey feel longer. Also, the time-of-day eff...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xbt0y	What is "compliance" in IT?	I don't understand this phrase at all. When sites like AWS say "Dedicated Instances are useful if you’re concerned with compliance and security and yet have a use case for the elasticity of the Cloud." what is compliance supposed to refer to here? I see it all over in other IT discussions and it seems to be ref...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmepzgn", "dmeu0em" ], "text": [ "Compliance with rules like HIPPA and PCI. They're rules that govern data and system security and there are things like limiting physical access to the host hardware.", "There are ~~two~~ three types of compliance I am aware of: * regulatory compliance...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xcq38	How do modern cinemas show films? Is it still reel to reel or are all of our movies on usb?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmex27i" ], "text": [ "They're on encrypted hard disc/SSD cartridges plugged into digital projectors, in the same sorts of formats you can find on iTunes but at much higher bitrates. You won't see actual film unless you go to an \"arthouse\" cinema." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls"...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xdhx0	How can google maps show so detailed 3D views ?	Hey Reddit ! I'm fascinated when I look at Google Maps , you can explore cities like Hong-Kong in full 3D like you were there. How does it work ? Do they achieve to do that just with Satellites or is there other tools too make measures of the buildings ? What kind of technology do they use ? Thanks in advance :D	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmf8u9l" ], "text": [ "URL_0 Say \"Hello!\" to the Google Streetview Car. Google pays drivers to explore the world in these things. The high-definition camera on top takes 360 degree pictures constantly to give you that detailed street view angle you're fascinated by. They also deploy hikers ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xgawf	If I unplug my headphone jack partially, I'll only hear the beat of the song. How does that work?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmfr0c7" ], "text": [ "It's possible to line up the contacts on the plug so that one signal is treated as the ground. Then you effectively hear the \"difference\" between the left and right signals. Since the vocals tend to be in the center of the stereo mix, they disappear and you just hear ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xhm3c	are the times announced in commercials edited for different time zones in the country (US)?	I live in the central time zone and in all of the commercials it says..."watch this at 8 / 7 central." They always say the 8 which is the eastern time zone and then say the time in the central time zone. So are the commercials edited for the west coast? Does it say 8 / 5 pacific? Why do they include the Eastern time zo...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmg5xmc", "dmfyt32" ], "text": [ "Often programs are time-shifted for the Pacific time zone. So something broadcast at 8pm Eastern time is also re-broadcast 3 hours later to Pacific audiences, at their 8pm. But they usually only do the two broadcasts, so people in Central just get the E...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xjdsi	People to mention that white bread is "bleached" rather than whole grain wheat. What is actually happening here and why do we have white bread?	EDIT: Sorry for the typo, typed it before bed. Thanks!	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmgdzu7", "dmgk1oz" ], "text": [ "I imagine my comment will get removed for some miscellaneous reason. Bread is made from flour, which is made from wheat seeds that have been ground up into a powder. Inside a wheat seed, there's a core called the \"endosperm.\" This endosperm is white, an...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xogy4	Why do spreadsheet programs like excel and google sheets have the default text wrapping set to 'overflow'? It seems like everyone switches it to "wrap".	Is there some use for excel that's extremely common that I don't know about that uses overflow frequently?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmhapoc", "dmhhv3j", "dmhbpab", "dmhms0v", "dmhrew0", "dmhul1d", "dmhxlaw", "dmhrevr", "dmho7du", "dmhthw2" ], "text": [ "Spreadsheets are made mostly for numbers. Numbers are usually not as long as text so wrapping isn't as likely to happen. Another reason...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xolrh	How do those old-school western movie dynamite detonators work and what is their actual name?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmhbm2q", "dmhbh9x" ], "text": [ "They're called plungers or blasting machines, and they work using electromagnetic currents. First, here's a cross section so you can see the guts. URL_0 These work using things called magnetos, which are basically old generators. The shaft of the plunger ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xpk1r	With blockchains whats the difference between proof of stake vs. proof of work protocols?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmhponb" ], "text": [ "In proof of work, computing power is used to validate blocks of transactions. This system uses the high cost of the limited supply of computation power in the world as its incentivise for miners to play nice. Attacking the network would cost a lot because of the high co...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xqfhu	How can phone screens tell whether your finger is pressing the screen or some inanimate object, such as an eraser?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmhqfmp", "dmhq2g1" ], "text": [ "So you are referring to what is know as a capacitive touchscreen. These utilize the electrical properties of the human body to detect when we touch it. Imagine a bunch of tiny electrical charges under your screen. When you touch the screen, your body comp...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xsalx	Why can't source code be reverse engineered from executable code?	I've heard about games and other software having their source code lost and I was just wondering why the executable code can't be reverse engineered first into an assembly dump and from there into whatever language you want? edit: I understand that variables and functions could end up with nonsensical names	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmi3ofj", "dmi4ctk", "dmi6qla" ], "text": [ "There are tools for decompiling executable code, but the results are not usually very useful. A lot of information is thrown away when compiling. Things like function and variable names are pretty important for a human to understand what co...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xshag	Who invented the internet and how is it owned by nobody?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmi4qpz", "dmi5ycw", "dmi9k06", "dmi5pii" ], "text": [ "The inventors of the internet are Robert Kahn and Vint Cerf. Internet is not a single thing. It is a set of thousands of other things. No one owns it. A nice analogy would be agriculture. No one owns agriculture, agriculture ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xt96j	How do astronauts travel between the Earth and the ISS?	Is a new space capsule made and used every time astronauts leave Earth or leave the ISS? When astronauts have to leave for Earth, does a new capsule first reach the ISS to carry them?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmibrqx" ], "text": [ "Currently only the Russian Soyuz spacecraft transport astronauts to and from the ISS (Prior to 2011 the Space Shuttle also fulfilled this role for the US, and in the next few years SpaceX and Boeing will provide US with manned spaceflight capabilities again.) The Soyuz ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xth7n	How is machine learning and artificial intelligence different from each other?	AFAIK, both involve a machine to learn certain tasks and evolve over time and get better at it.	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmic3rz", "dmic77n", "dmis36x" ], "text": [ "> both involve a machine to learn certain tasks and evolve over time and get better at it. False. That does not apply to AI AI most often refers to a process that can evaluate and intelligently react to its enviroment. A Chess AI will not e...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xu07q	Why do we instinctively seem to hit machines / devices that aren't functioning properly? Where did this come from?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmifd9l", "dmikpti", "dmipk65", "dmilggj", "dmilqoc", "dmimz0c", "dmiitza", "dmigg81", "dmitkua", "dmimqea", "dmin5lr", "dmiqoyh", "dmiog07", "dmisnrv", "dmizuzo", "dmivbsn", "dmim3fo", "dmifmds", "dmimc9s" ], "text": [ "...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xu95i	How come cash can make it through a cycle of laundry but paper (such as post-it notes) deteriorate?	Paper seems to be stronger than cash in regards to tearing and what not when dry so I'm very confused	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmih7s9" ], "text": [ "Cash is not wood-based paper, it's actually a cotton/linen blend. It's closer to cloth than paper." ], "score": [ 39 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xugmf	Why do laptop screen colors change at different viewing angles, but phone colors remain the same no matter what angle, and what causes this effect?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmijiyd", "dmijh17" ], "text": [ "It comes down to the displays used in each. Most desktop and laptop monitors use TN panels (the panel is the bit inside that actually changes colour, has pixels, etc), they are cheap and fast (in terms of response time and maximum refresh rates) but that ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xx7s6	Why are Tv's and Monitors rectangles instead of squares?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmj43x2", "dmj41pe" ], "text": [ "You have two eyes placed horizontally giving you a wider field of vision looking left and right. Most content you view is also laid out best in this format: a landscape, conversation between two people, etc.", "Yarr! Yer not alone in askin', and kind ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xxfp0	Why does mustard make little circles?	Kinda dumb question but [this]( URL_0 ) is an example of what I mean. How come it doesn't come out in a straight line? I mean..	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmj66oa", "dmjiv8s" ], "text": [ "The mustard stream comes down so slowly, and it's so dense and cohesive, that it's actually pushed back on by the surface of the bagel. This causes oscillations in the stream (a back-and-forth motion in reaction to the pushing-back force), like slow-mot...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xy4bg	what does it mean when a key cannot be copied?	Specifically safety deposit box keys and certain car keys (not electronic ones). Isn't it just a piece of metal shaped a certain way? Thanks	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmjbiys" ], "text": [ "No, it's a legal warning to key makers that it's not a key they can legally copy. I'm sure they physically could if they wanted to, but it's unlikely doing so would be worth their job and, depending on the key, subsequent jail time that would be consequences of knowingl...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xzmfc	How is digital information stored (in computers, memory sticks etc.) without a power source?	To my basic, high school level of knowledge all digital information is stored in millions of byte, small "switches" known as transistors, that have two settings: 1 or on, when there is current flowing through the transistor, and 0 or off, when there isn't any current through the transistor. That is fine and well as lon...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmjmjql", "dmjp63q", "dmjptyi", "dmjmaxa", "dmjvvox", "dmk0qpg" ], "text": [ "Well, you have optical storage, like CD, DVD, or Blu-Ray where ~~tiny holes let a laser beam trough and mean 1 or no hole means 0.~~ a sequence of microscopic indentations reflect a laser beam wi...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6xzmn9	Why is cgi so expensive ?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmjqegj", "dmjlgwu", "dmjp1dm", "dmjqp19", "dmjqf61", "dmjqqri", "dmjtq4c", "dmjvhhx", "dmjvkz3" ], "text": [ "CG Supervisor here. Simple answer, it's because of wages and overhead. Working with a studio is usually a lot more expensive than working with freelan...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y0vlv	Why does Seran wrap seem to not be as clingy as it used to?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmjuid1", "dmjulnl" ], "text": [ "The CEO had them change the formula because the chemical that gave it that extra stickiness and odor control was bad for the environment. He did that knowing it would hurt sales.", "Because it really isn't as clingy as it used to be. The old Saran Wra...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y23rh	How did civilisations deal with human waste before the invention of sewage systems?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmk3gn7", "dmk3sty" ], "text": [ "It's worth noting that Humans has sewage and sanitation for thousands of years. That said, it really depends on the civilisation and population size. With a small population it's not really a big deal. That said, there were any civilisations and cultu...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y2ywv	Why are coins historically round? Seems like square coins would be more efficient/easier to cut from a sheet of metal.		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmka971", "dmkafba", "dmkaosk" ], "text": [ "Early coins were not cut from a sheet of metal. They were formed by taking a carefully weighed lump of metal (usually silver or bronze), heating it, and smashing it between two sides of a die. The important thing is that coins made of pre...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y4637	How come we still can't make suits that can be washed normally?	I feel like with how advanced we are technologically, making clothes that look like a suit but don't get messed up in a washer/dryer machine shouldn't be difficult. What's the hiccup?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmko61w", "dmktx0s" ], "text": [ "A man's suit contains hidden extra layers of fabric and padding that will get mashed up if laundered in a rough laundry machine. Formal cloth is typically made of wool in order to get a traditional look and texture. Unfortunately wool shrinks drastically ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y47g5	How do completely autonomous vehicles navigate parking lots?	Seems to me like parking lots have some of the most unpredictable driving conditions. How does an autonomous vehicle decide which spot to take?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmkktnq" ], "text": [ "Autonomous vehicles usually use a combination of stereoscopic cameras and LIDAR to build a 3D map of the local vicinity: Stereo cameras use the slight differences between the images perceived by two side-by-side cameras to determine how far away something is. (Try closi...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y4dl8	Why does wifi not cause cancer?	Why does wifi not cause cancer? NOTE: this is for my mother as she thinks that it does	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmkkv4x", "dmkkz3n", "dmkkvi6", "dmkkrfm" ], "text": [ "> Why does wifi not cause cancer? For the same reason that the light bulbs in your house don't cause cancer. When it comes to light (wifi uses microwaves, which is a frequency of light outside of the visible spectrum), cancer...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y6wz2	Why do some objects create a 'whooshing' sound when you drive close enough past them?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dml32dh" ], "text": [ "The \"whoosh\" sound is coming from your vehicle, the object you are passing is just reflecting the sound back at you. You're hearing your echo with a hint of [Doppler effect]( URL_0 )." ], "score": [ 8 ], "text_urls": [ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y8hsb	How do motion detecting cameras work?	Title says it all	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmldr5f" ], "text": [ "They have a buffer, with the last image in it, they compare the current image with the last one, and if a certain number of pixels are different, then it generates a signal to start recording (or whatever)." ], "score": [ 11 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y95ug	Why did TVs skip 2560x1440 and went straight for 4k?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmlog49", "dmljzq4", "dmlov0b" ], "text": [ "4k is a direct scale of 1080p, you are now using a four pixel square to display information that used to come from a single pixel. 1080p does not directly scale to 2560x1440, meaning it would have had more scaling/pixel redistribution to do...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6y9t3u	Why can't Facebook, Twitter and Instagram just shut down bot accounts?	There is a lot of news lately about bot accounts on social media and I want to know what the process would be to shut down the accounts automatically? How hard is it to design/implement that process? Or is it a fairly simple process to design and implement but perhaps there are other reasons why they can't do it?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmloexe", "dmlvnsz" ], "text": [ "The problem is how do you actually figure out that a twitter user is a bot. You can use Machine Learning with certain features (like tweet sentiment) to analyze the data, but there's the possibility of false positives. Also, it's an arms race. Once they f...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6ya7z8	Isn't Google killing other websites by displaying most of the content in search results? Why do these websites allow this?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmlrxv3", "dmlsncc", "dmlrqqx" ], "text": [ "Not at all. The blurb you see with Google search results is just a small snippet of information regarding whatever your search terms were. Yes, sometimes that is all you need... However, more often than not, you're probably going to want to...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yaoye	Why Digital Movie Rentals Cost So Much Money.		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmlw5od", "dmlxkwq", "dmlwisq" ], "text": [ "Because they can basically. People choose to pay that much so there is no reason to change it.", "What's considered so much? They cost less than watching in the theater, and however many people are in your living room can watch. They co...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6ycgo6	How do in-ear headphones break so easily?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmmbait", "dmmbee0" ], "text": [ "Probably because you're buying really cheap earbuds and putting them through extreme stress by not wrapping the cables correctly, unplugging them by pulling the cable, or sweat profusely when you wear them.", "It's often not the \"in ear\" portion tha...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yeq9u	How come some keys on a keyboard can't be used together with the ^ symbol?	For example î works, but ^ + r doesn't.	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmmsifp", "dmms9yv" ], "text": [ "The circumflex ( ^ ) doesn't exist on all the latin letters. Only on a select few, mostly vovels. It's the same with diaresis (¨ - the germans often call it umlaut, and that's what it's called in HTML too) it only exists on latin vovels. I'm Swedish. We u...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yfsex	Why does Reddit show me the same couple of topics on each page when searching "Hot"		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmn688v", "dmmzxz4", "dmn8jkk" ], "text": [ "To add to what the others have said, Reddit's algorithm isn't as straightforward as it looks. You have items 1-25 on your first page. When you click \"next\" to get to the next page you are not shown items 26-50. Instead Reddit takes wh...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6ygjev	How do you "switch" to renewable energy?	When someone says they switched to green electricity, what does that mean? The power in their outlet is the same, coming from whatever sources that are producing electricity.	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmn6t7v" ], "text": [ "> The power in their outlet is the same, coming from whatever sources that are producing electricity. Every power generation source hooks into the same grid, mixing their output into the same pot. Imagine you have a hydroelectric dam and a coal power plant sharing the s...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6ygjkw	When somebody mutes a computer, does the computer play the sounds at zero volume, or does it not play the sounds at all?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmn9l4x", "dmn7rjv", "dmn9tqs", "dmn6726", "dmn97kj", "dmn9zdc", "dmngycm" ], "text": [ "Sound card actually has a digital mixer, which mixes sounds from all audio sources and redirects the final signal to the output which can be called \"master\". When you mute the ma...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yh04x	What do audio engineers look for and what changes are made to 'remastered' recordings? And why do some prefer the original?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmo0bdh", "dmnzltq" ], "text": [ "Mastering is taking a recording and adjusting it for whatever format it's being released on. For example lots of recordings from the 60s and 70s were originally released on vinyl records and eventually cassette tapes. The original recordings, however, wer...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6ylcyv	How 100,000 hour technology tests are actually conducted?	The new LED lighting in my office are said to be tested for 100,000 hours, surely they have not been left on for this long? Same goes for the microwave in the canteen, 600 hours testing. How do they conduct these tests?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmobrcs", "dmog9l7" ], "text": [ "It's mostly just calculation. The electronic components in your LED have known degradation and failure rates so they know a certain capacitor is rated to do a certain thing with a certain amount of energy for so long before it fails. Usually they don't sa...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6ymd12	How do FBI track down anonymous posters on 4chan?	Reading the wikpedia page for [4chan]( URL_0 ), I hear about cases where the FBI identified the users who downloaded child pornography or posted death threats. How are the FBI able to find these people if everything is anonymous. And does that mean that technically, nothing on 4chan is really truly "anonymous"?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmopkzp", "dmolhn5", "dmoip6x", "dmord5e", "dmom1w2", "dmogb4n", "dmolwke", "dmoq1k9", "dmoluih", "dmojm2s", "dmonc90", "dmokbx4", "dmoonwk", "dmopsok", "dmp050y", "dmoq7r6", "dmosdv8", "dmooawj", "dmomyxi", "dmov58j", "d...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yqee4	How do heartbeat sensors work in ellipticals and things like that?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmpd65f" ], "text": [ "They interpret small electrical signals passing through your skin and amplify them so they can turn those signals into numbers you can recognize aka beats per minute but its mostly an estimate" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yqhba	When freezing vegetables, the cells explode because of the water in it expanding, and they get mushy. So ho does cryogenics work?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmpcxuk", "dmpd1ze" ], "text": [ "Short answer: it doesn't. The whole point of cryonics is that all we have is step 1: freeze body. There is no step 2 yet.", "Cryogenic is the idea that you can freeze things so fast ice crystals won't form. Sure you can accomplish that but unfreezing ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yrpny	People say that Apollo 11 could have been done with a normal calculator, so why is space flight nowadays still so hard?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmpn67s", "dmpzjry", "dmpnf7v", "dmpv2u0", "dmpwf09", "dmpn4wn", "dmq41hl", "dmq74vj" ], "text": [ "All the math your computer does to run Call of Duty could be solved with an Abacus and a lot of patience. There were professional mathematicians titled Calculators w...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
6yrwzb	Why can two companies, for example Apple and Samsung, specifically target each other in their commercials? Isn't this considered defamation of a brand?	I've seen both companies talk doo-doo about each other in multiple commercials. Isn't this defamation of another brand? Why and how can they do this?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dmpq9xe", "dmpov2l", "dmppo1z", "dmprhd2" ], "text": [ "If you mention another brand, even with a negative connotation, your essentially marketing your competitor in your own commercial.", "There's no law against making statements that reasonably could be true about someone el...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]

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