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6yslpc | How does a computer evaluate the values of numbers, at the most basic level? | How does a digital computer know the relative values of numbers, e.g. 2 > 1? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"Yer not alone in askin' how computers represent and work with numbers, and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How Binary Code Works ]( URL_4 ) 1. [ELI5: COMPUTER BINARY CODE- or how does a computer work? ]( URL_0 ) 1. [ELI5: How does a computer calculate 2 2 = 4? ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6yt459 | What actually happens when you turn on post-processing in the graphics settings in a 3D game? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmpzzq6"
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"text": [
"Post processing is usually just the 2D/screen space effects a developer applies after the image(s) has been rendered by the GPU. This can range from SSAO where the rendered image is thrown through a filter that guesses where occlusion would be to color grading to camera... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6yub5d | Why can't your phone use wifi and 4G/3G together? | For example when you start to move away from the wifi source, the signal and speed are getting weaker and slower. So why can't your phone gradually move to using the mobile network available instead of you have to turn off your wifi and move to using your 4G exclusively. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dmq6a7o"
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"text": [
"[You can do it on Android]( URL_0 ) In general it's undesirable because mobile bandwidth is far more limited. Something like watching youtube in high quality could easily use up all your limit in very little time if you fail to notice. It could also result in you being ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6yuky9 | How are digital maps made? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmq86ft"
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"text": [
"I know it sounds dumb and simplistic but they draw over top of aerial photos. It's obviously more complicated than that but that is the basics of what they do. Here's an article that digs more into it: URL_0"
],
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4
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[
"ht... | [
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6yuudb | When streaming YouTube with poor Internet connection, why does the advertisement stream smoothly but the actual video is laggy AF? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmqanc9"
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"text": [
"The way big systems like YouTube are set up is that they have a few massive warehouses stuffed with servers (primary datacenters) where it's cheap, and then lots of much smaller servers all around the world (edges). They push the most popular and frequently-used content... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6yve4t | Why do MRI machines make such loud and strange noises when performing a scan? | I had an MRI scan the other day, and had to wear earmuffs in order to drown out the incredibly loud MRI scan noises. I understand that large machines can make loud noises, but these noises were not only loud, but very strange, almost laughably unnecessary. Made me wonder why the need for all these various noises, what ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"MRI magnets work by switching powerful electromagnets magnets on and off. They also have a 2nd super powerful magnet which is always on. When the electromagnets are turned on and off, they attract or repel each other and the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6ywiz5 | Why does reloading a page sometimes takes ages, but when you close the tab and enter the same adress it loads in a matter of seconds? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dmqqcrm",
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"text": [
"Web developer here. It can actually be caused by a number of things, depending on the browser you are using as well. Often though it goes something along the lines of this: When you go to a website, your browser will often save the files for the page, so ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6yx3q7 | What is the "Wide Color Gamut" RGB space and how is it different from the "Millions of colors" we hear about? | Monitor and TV companies always talk about the millions of colors. But now there's "Wide Color Gamut," which means what, exactly? Why is there so much green in the chat on Wiki? Why is the white point not centered? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dmqu0cw"
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"text": [
"Any set of primary colors creates what is called a color gamut. It's the range of colors you can make by mixing the primary ones. For just about every electronic display, there are colors in the visible spectrum that just can't be accurately reproduced due to this. This... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6yz53i | how does a capacitor work? | What does it do exactly and how? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dmrareq"
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"text": [
"It stores up energy and gives it back, but it reacts differently to different frequencies of the circuit it's attached to. Because it reacts to frequency, designers can create math functions with the capacitor and two other components, the resistor and the inductor. The... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6z0xxh | How do holo-sights on weapons work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dmrpz31"
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"text": [
"One of the problem with a regular cross-hair sight is that your eye has to be in exactly the right spot for it to be accurate. If your eye is slightly off to the side, then you will be looking 'across' the sight, and will be inaccurate. A holographic sight removes, or a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z1etn | Why hasn't battery technology improved as fast as other components? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Battery technology has advanced by leaps and bounds in the last 20 years. You just think it hasn't encase the physical size is still same in cell phones. That's due ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z2a1p | How does the Snapchat map know what people are doing? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmrxt1e",
"dmrxnh1",
"dms5frg"
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"text": [
"Not an expert but the most obvious way for it to display these are just information it gets from background applications and or location. Say you're somewhere called 'university' or 'library', if you're within a radius of those buildings yo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z33kj | how come my rack light on my ship (Navy) takes forever to turn on when it's dark, but if I flash my phone screen light at it it turns on immediately? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dms3i37",
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"text": [
"Probably has a photo sensors to slowly come on when dark to allow yourself to adjust. (In emergency wouldn't want to be temporary disoriented by bright light) vs when you shine your flashlight at it you're tricking it into thinking room is ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z39ox | What was grocery shopping like before scanning? | was it really slow for people buying stuff in bulk? how did they handle it back then? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"I remember this from when I was a kid. Each item was tagged with the price of that item. So when people were adding things to the shelves they would also use the label maker to add the price tags. For bulk item... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6z3chy | What is OpenStack? | Hello friends I have an idea its related to cloud technology,but where does it fit in like Is it a Hyper-visor on which several OS exists? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dms5lnu"
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"text": [
"OpenStack is not in itself a hypervisor but is a system for managing and providing services that makes your hardware with hypervisor into a cloud. It is very modular and you can therefore make it work with different technologies and use different aspects of it. To make ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6z3osc | How do companies know your credit card is valid without charging them? (For free-trials and what-not) | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dms8im3"
],
"text": [
"It's possible to \"pre-authorize\" a charge, which is done when you place an order that won't be shipped immediately. So they can effectively ask the card issuer \"if I were to ask for $1 from this card, would you say yes?\" without then charging the card."
],
"scor... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z48d2 | How does the Wacom Intuos's pen's side button work without batteries? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmsdo4t"
],
"text": [
"It gets power from the tablet, a bit like an RFID chip gets power from the reader. The tablet transmits a radio signal which generates a small current in the receiver in the pen. That's enough power for the pen to transmit a signal back, and the signal includes the stat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z48tv | How did the first computer programmes know what one second is, or any unit of time for that matter when mankind invented the units of time? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmsce5c",
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"text": [
"Well mankind invented computers too, so of course we built them to use the units of time we invented. Computers generally keep time with a quartz crystal. When current is applied to them they oscillate at a predicable frequency. By counting the oscillatio... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z5yaj | How does a Bluetooth know what device to send data to. | For example: how does my portable Bluetooth speaker know to send and receive the music data from my phone? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmsrdpd",
"dmsrcej"
],
"text": [
"Each device has a unique serial number. When you pair your Bluetooth device with your computer, it records that serial number so when it sends out data packets to your headphones, it sends it with a tag that includes that serial number. Then your headphon... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6z7bw6 | How is it that '.exe' files can have such a small file size, (MB/KB) and be used to install many gigabytes of data? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmt2l3x",
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],
"text": [
"If it's a small file that installs lots and lots of data, then in all likelihood it's a downloader which downloads all this data from the internet and then installs it.",
"A file with the `.exe` extension normally contains binary code which can perfor... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z88km | I never understood how megapixels work and why the more you have the better the image | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmt8cgn"
],
"text": [
"A megapixel is a million pixels. An image consists of a big grid of pixels. The more pixels you have the more details you are able to include in the picture. There is also a lot of other factors to determine the quality of an image and it is quite possible to have more ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z8k0o | Why battery level of mobile or laptop increases after restarting the device? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmtb1wg"
],
"text": [
"The computer reports the battery left based on what it is doing at the moment you check. If a device has been on for a while, its been doing more things and has more processes running. After restarting it much fewer processes and resources are being used, so it reports ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z8zqw | How does an internet connection become slow? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmthf44",
"dmtnarl",
"dmtp3sp"
],
"text": [
"Lots of things can have an effect. If many people in your home are using the same WiFi network, the network may become bogged down. Interference can seriously degrade your signal, if there are any big sources of interference between you and... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6z9191 | How did rulers lead millions of people before there were any fast methods for communication? | Ex. Genghis Khan growing the Mongol empire, or Julius Caesar leading the Roman Empire. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmtgyoa",
"dmtegi7"
],
"text": [
"\"Ruled\" is overstating it, as other posters have noted. If you watch *Game Of Thrones*, you can get some idea of how it worked in medieval times. The exact nature of the rulers made little difference to the average person, and the provinces were self-su... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6z9k4o | How are companies allowed to track personal info of people who haven't signed up for their website when the people they're tracking might be under 13? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"COPPA states that companies aren't allowed to track the *personal information* of people under 13 without their parent's consent. Here's the definition of personal information [from that law]( URL_0 ) (8) Personal information. The term “per... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zai3t | Why does this jpg image move like a gif? | URL_0 | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmtr5b5"
],
"text": [
"Turns out that if you take a .gif with animation and rename the file type as .jpg, the code that displays the image still figures out that it's a .gif. all of the animation will still play. If you download the one you gave for an example and check the properties, they s... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6zakar | Why are all car/truck tires black? Can't we get white, red, blue, or other colors? | These would sell like crazy. Most people only ever buy tires when they're worn out. If I could get tires that wear out faster but I could swap colors when I wanted, I'd be all over that. Is there some technical reason why tires are always black? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmtuwpa",
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"text": [
"We absolutely could get those colors, but the tires would look incredibly dirty after a couple minutes on the road. Darker tires = appearance of being less dirty",
"[They do for bike tires]( URL_0 ), and [they have slow-s... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6zcakz | How can Apple deploy the new iOS11 on Millions of new built iPhones in just 1 Week? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmu6knt",
"dmu8alr"
],
"text": [
"Well-designed manufacturing processes is the how. Most of the devices have already been built and loaded with the firmware. With regards to last minute bugs - that's what MR1 is for.",
"Couple of points: 1) The GM has likely been done for a few days b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zdi02 | How is my dslr able to tell how a picture should be taken when set to auto? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmuh5ji",
"dmuj7di",
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],
"text": [
"In short, the camera has a bunch of sensors that measures light levels, colors, focus and etc. The company has programmed the camera to set the settings a specific way for different situations (different inputs from the sensors). The most i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zdsn4 | Why are we not yet using fingerprints instead of signatures for contracts? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmuiru9",
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"dmuiv1h",
"dmuisiy"
],
"text": [
"Fingerprints aren't exactly as unique as claimed, and they're often compared by a guy with a magnifying glass. Print scanners that use a glass plate like the door security type you see in movies can also be fooled by using a ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zevh3 | How does the Mars Curiosity rover receive radio commands from NASA if Mars rotates enough to be in-between Earth and Curiosity, thus blocking the line of sight? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmuolzv"
],
"text": [
"There are orbiter probes that serve as relays. Currently, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Mars Express missions are the primary means of communications relay with the surface."
],
"score": [
16
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6zew0l | How could NASA command the Voyager 1 from 6 billion kilometers away? | To quote Wikipedia: > Voyager 1, which had completed its primary mission and was leaving the Solar System, was commanded by NASA to turn its camera around and take one last photograph of Earth across a great expanse of space, at the request of astronomer and author Carl Sagan. My wifi-signal barely reaches my kitchen, ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmuotny"
],
"text": [
"Your wifi signal is generated by cheap consumer electronics, which are specifically limited in power by FCC regulations. Germany's broadcast of the 1936 Olympics was the first radio signal with enough power to escape our planet, and is currently acting as humanities fir... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6zftwp | When a car's battery runs out, I need to reset the clock and the radio station presets. Every time. But the (equally digital) odometer display remembers EXACTLY where it was. What's up with that? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmuvmj1",
"dmuwiq2",
"dmuxbbn"
],
"text": [
"There are legal requirements that prohibit odometer resets during normal operation and service. The odometer data is stored in eeprom memory every mile that doesn't get reset.",
"TL;DR: your clock and radio station settings are stored i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zgub4 | how do autodimming mirrors work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmvuyhe"
],
"text": [
"This is how it works in my vehicle (1997 Jeep Grand Cherokee) with an auto-dimming rear view mirror, I'm assuming they're all similar. There's a light sensor on the front (facing the windshield) of the mirror and another on the back (facing you). When the amount of ligh... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zhgth | If an alien probe with similar dimensions and operational capability of the Pioneer or Voyager spacecraft passed through our solar system, would we detect it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmvab70",
"dmvalse",
"dmvy8uz"
],
"text": [
"Not a chance, it could pass between Earth and the moon and we'd probably miss it In 2013 a 20 meter Near Earth Asteroid entered the atmosphere and exploded over Chelyabinsk Russia. It was undetected until it entered the atmosphere. Voyager ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zjndo | What exactly happens in a hard disk when you defragment it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dmvr3vs",
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"dmvskuk",
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"text": [
"(no one cares anymore because sdds are cheap now) I MEAN, WHO SAID THAT!?!? So you have a bunch of files and an index file of where your files are physically on the disk. Basically, you reorganize those files so the files are... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zjs8c | Why does running my microwave slow down the internet speed on my laptop? | I've noticed that every time I'm using the internet and the microwave at the same time that the internet slows down considerably or actually disconnects. I assume something about the microwave is interfering with the wifi in my house but I have no idea how any of that works. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmvs4fi"
],
"text": [
"Many microwaves run at 2.4ghz, that means they blast out a lot of energy at 2.4ghz. Guess what also runs at 2.4ghz? Well, many home networks do (they also can run at 5ghz). So the microwave is screaming really loud at at the same sound as your home network makes, which ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6zl7yq | How the long exposure feature on DSLR Cameras work. | More specifically, how do the cameras capture pictures of the night sky? How long does the camera need to "take" the picture? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmw5d65",
"dmwip9r"
],
"text": [
"Essentially, the camera is a light detector, and the more time the shutter stays open, the more light info it has. Then, using that info over time, the camera interpolates one image where the spots that were lit the most over time are the brightest and vo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6zmojb | how does my computer "remember" what I've looked at and where I've been, tailoring ads etc based on those? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmwdhf2"
],
"text": [
"Your computer does not remember and share a history of where you have been on the internet (it may retain a history for your own use) and it does not select ads for you to view. What it does do is retain a uniquely identifying label which can be used to track it between... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6znw86 | Why does a game like Destiny require to be on their servers even when you just want to play solo | Why can't we play the game without an internet connection? If we want to play solo missions or strike, we can't. Isn't this a no brainer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmwrt5i",
"dmwr2q7",
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],
"text": [
"For this type of game it's mostly an anti-cheat feature. Or else you could cheat a ton or create false data in single player mode offline, then log in later and exploit that against other online players using things you didn't earn. But som... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6zpaoj | Why on TV, do the voices and characters lips become out of sync and what fixes it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmx1l22"
],
"text": [
"Not usually an issue with reliable feeds. Can I assume you're streaming?"
],
"score": [
3
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} | [
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6zpau8 | How do the components of a computer actually work, I.E. a CPU is just bits of metal, plastic and silicon, how does that actually make the computer work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmxnup6",
"dmx1ok0"
],
"text": [
"Computers have two aspects. A mathematical model and physical implementation. First the mathematical model. All computers can be represented by a machine called a turing machine. All turing machines have memory (for example, a series of switches you can t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
6zr06v | How Is Lossless Compression So Good? (Detailed) | To start off, yes, I know how it works, I know how specialized algorithms can do amazing things with ratios of 25% sometimes when time is not a concern. What I am asking is how it can get below 100% ratio in every situation that you would use it for. The reason why this is confusing for me is because I was thinking and... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmxec7j",
"dmxdntm"
],
"text": [
"> Say you wanted to compress a set of 8 bits to 7 bits. 8 bits can represent 256 DIFFERENT values, while 7 bits can only represent 128 values. So that means that half of the files are IMPOSSIBLE to compress, even with 1GB files. You are absolutely correct... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
6zznkt | When Apple says iPhone X has a "neural engine" what does this actually mean? | How does this "neural engine" differ from a normal CPU, like on the iPhone 7 or an Intel-powered laptop? Specifically, the keynote mentioned that the neural computations enabled their new FaceID system: > We take the IR image of the dot pattern and we push them through neural networks to create a mathematical model of ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmzhk51"
],
"text": [
"It's a bunch of marketing speak to make it sound mind-blowingly good. They used a neural network for facial recognition. Neural networks are extremely complicated mathematical functions that aim to emulate how a human brain works. It takes tonnes of input (such as the \... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7009c5 | Apple just skipped the iPhone 9.. Windows did the same. Is there something I am missing something about the number 9? Is there anything superstitious? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmzfwb4",
"dmzg571"
],
"text": [
"Ten is a subjectively significant number so people expect innovation, something new and game-changing. Nine being before this big change might be considered a less desirable and avoided as people wait for ten. In reality of course the iPhone X is going to... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
701kg9 | Is Richard Hendrick's decentralized internet concept from Silicon Valley possible? | In theory, what technology are we currently lacking that would be needed for it to work successfully? Also, wouldn't it be incredibly insecure, what with everyone walking around with everyone else's private data in a compressed file in their phone somewhere? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmzs9fi"
],
"text": [
"It's not viable with our current infrastructure and devices. The method described on the show involves using other people's spare processing power and storage to handle information processing instead of a big server owned by a single company. Specifically, they try to u... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
701tbe | Why can modern smartphones record video at such high frame rates while a dedicated DSLR in the similar price does not? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmzoxk1",
"dmzrwsb"
],
"text": [
"Well, that may not be true any more: DSLRs in recent years have better video than they used to, since manufacturers realised that buyers want that too. Ten years ago, video on a typical DSLR was either absent or a gimmick. Now you can get a solid DSLR wit... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
702dru | Why is it such a big deal making new games run at 60 fps when a lot of shooters and other games have consistently run at 80-100 fps for years now. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dmztsdi",
"dmztl55"
],
"text": [
"Think about a 5th grader in a 5th grade math class. The best students get A's. Above average students get B's. Medicore students get C's, etc. But even the C students in 5th grade know more math than most 4th graders. But they aren't judged by their knowl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70408a | Why is a black background and white text still not a norm in websites, apps?! | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn07bf9",
"dn0bjwd"
],
"text": [
"It's because white background and black text has been the norm and is what everyone is used to. It was this way because digital displays replaced paper and ink and had to be similar to get people to adopt it.",
"Because you have to be concerned about ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
704vw7 | What is actually happening when you charge an electronic device? | Obviously the battery is being charged...but...what? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dn0jepg"
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"text": [
"Battery is made of two parts, cathode and anode, separated by insulator. Anode is where the electrons are. Movement of electrons (electric current) is what the device does. Every memory access or processor instruction can be traced to electrons going places. That part i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
707npr | Why aren't the outer cases of phones made of the material added cases are made of? | Or have a an optional ridge that breaks the fall instead of the screen, like, my new phone dropped on asphalt b4 the screen could arrive, now it is drop proof (ish), why not have that built in? that is all i am asking. or have an extra cheap layer on top of screen made of glass that can be replaced? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn131zf",
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"text": [
"Because people want a \"premium feeling\" device, and/or they want to keep their phones in like-new condition. Apple has been making glass or metal phones since the original iPhone. While these are more fragile, they definitely give the phone a more premi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
709xcd | How do video game coders optimize their games to boost fps and stability? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn1i6in",
"dn296d9",
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"text": [
"The basic method is they look at how long their code takes to perform each function and look to see if there are more efficient ways to perform that function. If you can do the same action with 5 calculations instead of 10 then you have dou... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70amh4 | Why are manual cars becoming obsolete? | I've noticed that more and more cars are coming as automatics only, and not just everyday sedans, Ferraris and other super cars are basically all automatic. Why is this so? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn1og7l",
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"text": [
"Because to most people the benefits of an automatic outweigh the benefits of a manual. Things like slightly improved(which has been equaled in all but the most infinitesimal ways by automatics) gas mileage, more control, the ability to push... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
70aw2f | How does face scanning work with twins? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn1qvo7",
"dn1z2a0",
"dn2lj2k"
],
"text": [
"There are different methods of \"face scanning,\" but they all rely on nuances in physical appearance. (More advanced methods use the topography of the face and not just a comparison between images.) They can't distinguish between two diffe... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70dmbn | What did humans do before the invention of toilet paper? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn2czve",
"dn2d3k5"
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"text": [
"Wealthy people wiped themselves with wool, lace or hemp, while less wealthy people used their hand when defecating into rivers, or cleaned themselves with various materials such as rags, wood shavings, leaves, grass, hay, stone, sand, moss, water, snow, m... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70g5tk | How does google maps predict the effect traffic will have on my travel time so accurately? | I often use Google maps when driving and it always seems to accurately predict how long the trip will take, even when there is traffic or an accident. How does it know the severity of the traffic and how this will effect my travel time? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn30b8i",
"dn3cp9g"
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"text": [
"When the app is running in someone's device, it calculates how much time takes to move from a to b and if it's out of standards Google send an alert for bad traffic once enough report have been given",
"Because while you are using Google maps, you are... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
70hfvd | How do video games play "hide and seek"? The game knows where your position is, how does it act like it doesn't know where you are? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"The game knows where you are, but the AI doesn't. The AI has some information about its su... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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70l2mh | How is power different than data to computer storage | So this question was actually asked by my cousin and I realized, I don't actually know the answer. So if data in a hard drive is supposed to be 1s and 0s, represented by electrons, why is there not 1 data+power cable? Why does electricity have to be provided separately then? How is the electrons going into the data sid... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn40kxf"
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"text": [
"There are a couple things at work. First off, a computer 0 isn't exactly *zero* electricity. Rather, there is a voltage threshold above which is counted as a 1 and below which is counted as a 0. There are experiments with computers that have varied thresholds so that yo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
70ll2b | How does a single microphone pick up sounds to send to a surround sound speaker system? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dn434m2"
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"text": [
"That isn't how it usually works. There are usually a bunch of microphones that are recorded onto many tracks then mixed down for your surround sound system."
],
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70lnh0 | When a vehicle fails a smog check, why can driving it around an re-testing cause it to pass? | My dad's vehicle initially failed its smog check. The mechanic then had him drive the car for a few miles and re-tested, only to get another failed result. This was repeated 2 or 3 times, until it finally passed. The first time he had him drive it he told him to drive at 30mph, then at 45mph, and finally at 65mph. What... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn49b9d"
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"text": [
"Cars have things called catalytic converters that turn really toxic gasses into not as toxic gasses. Catalytic converters work best when they are really hot. Sometimes when you go get a smog check your car sits for a while, causing the catalytic converters to cool down ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
70lszs | Why is the sigmoid function used in Neural Networks and what is it used for? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn45g0e"
],
"text": [
"This is a little more difficult to explain to a five-year-old, but I'll try. Neural networks work by seeing how close to a desired result you are, and assigning a weight to quantify that \"closeness\". For example, if you had an image of a dog, and your computer said th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70o6d4 | Why is the use of fully automated weapons (robots) such a moral issue? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dn4mtz6",
"dn4m8a4"
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"text": [
"Using force that can potentially kill someone is a serious thing, and whenever that happens, we want to be able to hold anyone who does this accountable for their actions. When a machine does this, who is accountable? The creator? The manufacturer? The ow... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70owzx | how is hd tv easily sent over the air with no loading/buffering but streaming hd video online takes a good internet connection and high bandwidth? | Curious how hd tv is easily sent over the air but hd video streaming online takes high bandwidth and a good internet connection. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn4utg2",
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],
"text": [
"> Curious how hd tv is easily sent over the air but hd video streaming online takes high bandwidth and a good internet connection. A television broadcast is like talking into a loudspeaker system to address an entire stadium. Video streamin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
70pe2b | Why does the military use mostly propellar aircrafts for cargo instead of jets? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn4w34t"
],
"text": [
"Prop-driven aircraft are generally cheaper to produce and maintain. Jets give obvious advantages for smoothness, speed, and altitude. But for a cargo plane, ability to land/take off in a shorter distance, to fly slower and at a lower altitude efficiently, and ability to... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70sgiu | How are vector illustrations not based on pixels if our screen is made up of pixels? | From my understanding, a pixel is the smallest distinguishable unit on a digital monitor. So how can a vector not be pixel based? Isn't everything that's on our screen made up of pixels? So even if we're using a software like Adobe Illustrator, isn't a vector line made up of a bunch of small pixels in actuality? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn5liad",
"dn5lr45",
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"text": [
"> So even if we're using a software like Adobe Illustrator, isn't a vector line made up of a bunch of small pixels in actuality? The vector itself is just a bit of math saying \"A line exists between point A and point B\". The resulting lin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
70si9o | How do GPS apps such as Maps or Waze know the new formation of roads after construction? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn5mr4j",
"dn5pt4d"
],
"text": [
"It first important to understand how Google Maps gets all if it's data. Some of it's data is pre-programmed into their systems. This is usually used as initial data, especially for testing. Google provides many more features, however. They also show traff... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70ybnn | Why do people spend so much money on Computer/gaming glasses? Couldn't you just buy a pair of sunglasses? Like with a yellow/orange/gold glass? Please explain what the difference is... ty :-) | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn6x6d8"
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"text": [
"Iirc, computer glasses are built different to prevent glare and increase contrast, while also protecting your eyes from the Blue Light emitted from digital screen. They usually aren't darkened like sunglasses are, and sunglasses are made to protect from UV rather than B... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
70yu89 | How do railguns work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn6va5s"
],
"text": [
"A railgun is a device that uses electromagnetic force to launch high velocity projectiles, by means of a sliding armature that is accelerated along a pair of conductive rails. It is typically constructed as a weapon and the projectile normally does not contain explosive... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
710w7e | In a network breach (like the one in the news lately), how does the network security team know there's been a breach? | I'm a tech guy, but never really got into the netsec side, and I'm super curious. An article says "security team observed 'suspicious network traffic associated with its US online dispute portal web application...'" The breach had been happening for a while, so how was it suddenly discovered? What exactly is "suspiciou... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn7c6yn",
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"text": [
"Suspicious network traffic = The web server suddenly passing outgoing traffic to China or Russia. Or lots of odd entries in the server logs. Or a marked increase in traffic in general. Just things out of the ordinary. Why was it suddenly discovered? The o... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
710y27 | why can xbox one x run some games at 4k60 and cost 500 while a gtx 1080 ti struggles to hit 4k60 on newer titles and cost $700? | Why can the xbox one x run some games at 4k 60 fps and cost $500 while a gtx 1080 ti can barely run newer games at 4k 60 fps and cost 700 dollars? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn7cakl",
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"text": [
"4k doesn't mean shit if you've downscaled all the graphics. Put all the settings on low on a PC and you'll have no problem running the game in 4k. I can look at a pixel drawing in 4k. It's going to look exactly... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7111l8 | Why can't movies be offered on release date for more money at a premium for home viewing? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn7d3u5",
"dn7e4yq"
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"text": [
"- You can lend it around and have an entire community see it within the first week. - You can rip it and seed it and have DVD HD versions flood the market within the first week of the movie's release. - The cinema chain that you have a deal with will lose... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
711qt1 | When copying files, why does it always seem to start off really fast, but then slows down so much? | When copying files it always looks like it starts off with high speed, but then copying speeds drop dramatically and the graph just looks like a plateau. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn7h2h2",
"dn7hts6",
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],
"text": [
"There is a limit to how fast you can read and write data on a disk. However to reduce the latency of the disk there is usually different types of caches in the pipeline that can speed up small data transfers. This makes the disk feel faster... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
712012 | Trains seem like no-brainers for total automation, so why is all the focus on Cars and trucks instead when they seem so much more complicated, and what's preventing the train from being 100% automated? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"d... | [
"url"
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"url"
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7149dq | The difference from DRAM to SRAM | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn7yt7y",
"dn7ziv3"
],
"text": [
"Dynamic RAM (DRAM) requires the computer to constantly refresh the data stored in memory. If the power is cut then the memory is cleared. Static RAM (SRAM) will maintain the value without having to constantly refresh it. However, it will still lose its va... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
715hmf | why do subwoofers require more power to drive than higher frequency speakers, when high frequencies are more powerful? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn88q7q",
"dn89yoe"
],
"text": [
"Why, exactly, do you believe higher frequencies are more powerful? Subwoofer are bigger. Bigger speakers push more air. Pushing more air takes more power.",
"You are correct in that higher frequencies have more energy. Energy is determined by both fre... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
715r4t | Why do airplanes turn by using a banking turn instead of using the rudder? | Planes seem to bank to turn much more frequently than they use the rudder to turn. Is this due to the larger control surfaces that seem to be involved in a banking turn, some wierd aerodynamic effect or is it related to structural integrity? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8aldg",
"dn8ajk6",
"dn8h2nl"
],
"text": [
"If you tilt the plane, it tilts the direction of upward force from the wings' lift towards the middle of the turn. This means that the force of changing the plane's velocity is applied to the wings instead of the relatively weak rudder. Als... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
715xkx | Why is Linux commonly used by hackers/for hacking? | I've often heard that linux is very popular among hackers, why is that? Thanks. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8c51c",
"dn8d52y"
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"text": [
"Linux and any other Unix based OS is what's commonly referred to as Open-Source, meaning that the user has direct access to the system's kernel, and can make modifications that they deem fit, unlike an OS that's proprietary, like OSX or Windows. In realit... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
716cfs | Why is 32 bit sometimes referred to as x86? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8gaqz",
"dn8p3dk",
"dn8ffbc"
],
"text": [
"The first mainstream 32-bit processor Intel made was the 80386 (often just called 386) and it was an architecture improvement over the 16-bit 80286. A few years later they do another upgrade to 486 and then to 586, a.k.a. Pentium, which dom... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
716m7n | My phone used to be reasonably fast on 4G, but now that LTE is the standard, whenever my phone has to switch back to 4G because LTE isn’t available, it is insanely slow. Why did my phone used to be so much better on 4G than it is now? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8rr5a",
"dn8sm2d",
"dn8heoh"
],
"text": [
"Carriers have limited amounts of RF radio frequency available to use. Any given bit of spectrum can be used for 2G, \"4G\" (which is usually just 3G HSPA+), or 4G LTE, but it can't be used for multiple technologies at the same time. New spe... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
716uyf | How does the repairing of corrupted files work? Is it actually reliable? | For example, WinRAR's archive repair tool - how does it work and how reliable is it in giving you back the uncorrupted archive? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8xsem"
],
"text": [
"There are several techniques, but the general idea is to store some extra, redundant, data. Some techniques can repair missing or damaged data, others can simply detect it. however, you asked about repairing. Let us look at a simple example, with two bytes of data: A: 1... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7176c6 | How do user-visible encryption codes work? | When I go to the WhatsApp encryption code screen of a conversation, it shows me a QR code and a string of numbers basically saying that if they're the same on both phones, then the chat is secure. Telegram does this with emoji in calls saying that if the same 4 emoji appear, then the call is secure. How is this suppose... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8ngdx"
],
"text": [
"There is a type of encryption where two parties are able to communicate securely over an unsecure line. What's happening is that both phones will come up with a large and random number, so large and random that its virtually impossible for somebody to accidentally guess... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
717i0f | How are big open ended games like Skyrim tested to ensure they are (mostly) bug free? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8oksz",
"dn9328j",
"dn8oqyw"
],
"text": [
"If you've played Skyrim, you know the asnwer to this is \"Not very well\". It's basically the same as any other game (or piece of software), though. You have as many people play as much of it as possible and try to create as many expected a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
717z8m | Why do defibrillators need to be rubbed together right before use? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8seq3"
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"text": [
"There is a conducting gel that they apply to the paddles. Rubbing the paddles spreads the gel evenly."
],
"score": [
11
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[]
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} | [
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718g4c | How do Enchroma glasses work to allow the wearer to see colors again? | I keep seeing these beautiful videos on the Internet of families buying these glasses for their loved ones, and am just really curious about how they work. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn8x1zg",
"dn8x4rq"
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"text": [
"Most colorblindness is red/green meaning the two colors kinda blend together. What these glasses do is essentially act like a filter which removes the part of the two colors that \"overlap\", and only allow the wavelengths farthest apart from each other t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71adbu | If a website asks you to provide an email address and password, what is to stop them from using that password to attempt to get into your email? | Is this one of the reasons why it's suggested to have multiple passwords? Theoretically, if the password is stored in an encrypted state, is that enough for them to claim they could not even attempt it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dn98asx",
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"text": [
"> Is this one of the reasons why it's suggested to have multiple passwords? Yes it is. This is one main reasons why should use a different password for every website. The other is that it doesn't... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71be3t | How is Google able to provide better search results for a site than that site's own search feature? | Google has to index the entire web, while a site's search engine only has to index it's own material. Why haven't web developers been able to create a standard search tool that works at least as well within their own site as Google? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn9fjbh"
],
"text": [
"The problem isn't how much data there is to index. The problem is creating an algorithm that shows you the most relevant data for your search terms. Google has thousands of engineers who have been working on their search algorithm for about 20 years now. They are really... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71bzlu | How do Bionic limbs function? | In regards to the recent Nicole Kelly GIFs, I'm curious what how she's actually making this arm work. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn9nnr9"
],
"text": [
"The go to way is to take a bunch of sensor units, attach them to whatever muscles are left in the stump, and convert their muscle movements into electric signals. These signals are then used for rather rudimentary commands. Hand prostheses for example are either \"pull ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71d9r2 | how do stab/cut proof shirts work? | A buddy of mine works with glass and they recently gave out stab proof shirts, we tested it out and you can not cut through, even with a sharp knife the material couldn't be stabbed through. It feels like normal fabric how does this work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dn9uqdx",
"dnabkol"
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"text": [
"The threads are made out of Kevlar in many protective fabrics. They are knitted into a loop-locking fabric so that there aren't slots for the knife to get through. It's not a cool as chain mail, but much lighter.",
"What brand are those shirts? I woul... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71e2v2 | Can a solar-powered drone stay flying 24/7? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dna27ae",
"dna5p33"
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"text": [
"In principal yes. the record flight time I could find was 336 hours or 14 days by [Qinetiq Zephyr] ( URL_0 ) But you have limitations like 22.5 m wingspan and a total weight of 53 kg where 2.5kg is the payload. And fly high as it has a Service ceiling of ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
71evgy | How do websites know when I’m on a mobile and when on desktop? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dna7m0r",
"dna7p2s"
],
"text": [
"Part of the request your browser sends to the webserver is an \"agent string\" which identifies what browser, version, what OS, what version of that and some other details. From those tidbits its fairly easy to determine if you're mobile. For example, my ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
71ewrc | Talking to a sales representative he implied knowing my browsing habits, based solely on me visiting his website (or perhaps through my email address). How can I know what advertisers know about me? | PS: I'm a very light Facebook user (no friends, have the account just for the ocasional communication with some companies) | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dnaw3k0"
],
"text": [
"When you visit a website, it can store a little file in your pc with some data on it, these are called \"cookies\". Since the introduction of \"LocalStorage\" it was the only way to keep info on the client (you) side. Allowing the \"keep me logged in\" feature to work i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71feji | How do lock companies make so many different locks? | I feel like it would be extremely difficult to get a machine to make entirely unique things. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dnadkh8",
"dnabs7w"
],
"text": [
"Say a lock company makes locks with both 5 and 6 tumblers each, and 2 different key shapes/cross sections, then they'll have a total of 108,864 possible unique locks. If they run out, they can design another cross section which would give them another 54,... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71gnlb | there was a video I saw that showed a robot using sweeping sonar to navigate, it moved in a zig zag motion. How does that zig zag movement help it compares to it moving in a straight line? | This was the video URL_0 Also I'm not sure how to say this exactly, but what is the robot able to "see"? It's using a ultrasonic sensor, so is it just calculating the different distances that it picks up and its code is telling it not to let the distance get under a certain amount so it moves away to correct it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dnausdq"
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"text": [
"I'll try my best to explain it to you. For example, you are trying to cross a small road without a pedestrian lane. If you see a car approaching you, you might move in a more diagonal direction rather than in a straight line, in order to avoid the car. You'd also want t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71i8b4 | What's the difference between OTF and TTF fonts? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dnbdduu",
"dnb10qg",
"dnax1nq",
"dnb8nx3",
"dnbctxz",
"dnbv4qf",
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"dnbck55"
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"text": [
"Hi. I make fonts for a living. TrueType and OpenType fonts are mostly the same thing. There are two things that make them different: TrueType fonts are drawn using Q... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
71k2i3 | How do Dyson air fans work and why do they use a ring-shape structure? How are they better than a normal air fan? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dnbag15",
"dnbfac4"
],
"text": [
"that there is still a fan in the base. Being in the base, in a housing, it is a fucted fan ans is more efficient because air isnt lost around the blade tips. From there, the air goes into the ring manifold and escapes through a slit inside the ring. This ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
71kn9h | How do college campuses have the same WiFi network across entire campuses? | How do all the routers connect to the same network? Also in some places on campus my internet works way better than others, so does each router have its own bandwidth? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dnbf41b",
"dnbxvlg",
"dnbj23o"
],
"text": [
"It's called a [wifi mesh]( URL_0 ). There are multiple ways to set up a wifi mesh. From having one wifi access point connect over wifi to a neighbor, to having all access points connect to a central switch over Ethernet. As for why some on-... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
71nqos | when taking a pic of the solar eclipse with a smartphone, why does a smaller image of the eclipse appear below the original? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dnc4rpg",
"dnc4rok"
],
"text": [
"This is likely due to the lens system of your phone having internal reflections within its structure. The image projected onto the sensor is very bright and might for example reflect onto the inner surface if the lens and be reflected back onto the image ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
71oiyi | How does a hypodermic needle not just get gummed up with a core sample of the flesh it pierced into? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dncbwi3",
"dncualq",
"dncba9d",
"dnd3gqe",
"dnci6hj"
],
"text": [
"A needle is shaped so that the flesh goes around the needle, not through it. The front of a hypodermic needle is ['beveled']( URL_0 ), which means it has a slanted shape. You put the pointy side to the skin whe... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
71p5vw | what kind of applications won't benefit from increased multi-thread performance? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dncf7d7",
"dncfb69"
],
"text": [
"One reason is if the application is primarily I/O bound. Adding more threads won't make your hard drive any faster.",
"Applications that only have one thread, of course. Writing a multi-threaded application is a lot more work. The computer can't paral... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
71ptiq | If there is water on Mars, why can’t one of the rovers be directed to the suspected source and simply confirm or deny speculations? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dncj0u8",
"dnck9k7",
"dncjn50"
],
"text": [
"> why can’t one of the rovers be directed to the suspected source and simply confirm or deny speculations? Rovers are extremely slow, you can't just drive them to wherever you want. [Opportunity travelled 45km in all its 12 years on Mars]( ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
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