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Methods | 150 patients, ASA physical status I–II, aged ≥ 60 years, no limitation in gender, BMI 18–25 kg/cm | PMC10069053 | ||
Results | There was no significant difference in VAS score and PCA compression times ( | PMC10069053 | ||
Conclusions | depression, postoperative pain, anxiety | Esketamine can reduce short-term postoperative anxiety and depression, relieve postoperative pain and stress response, shorten bed rest time after total hip replacement, and accelerate postoperative recovery. | PMC10069053 | |
Keywords | PMC10069053 | |||
Introduction | fractures, Femoral neck fractures | Femoral neck fractures account for roughly 54% of hip fractures [ | PMC10069053 | |
Materials and methods | PMC10069053 | |||
Clinical data | depression, femoral neck fracture, THA | Since there is no accurate result of esketamine in reducing the depression rate after THA in patients with femoral neck fracture, the main measure was defined as the depression rate 7 days after surgery, assuming that the difference between the two groups was up to 20%. According to a unilateral test conducted using th... | PMC10069053 | |
Methods | pain | All patients were fasting and drinking water before operation. After entering the operating room, ECG, SBP, DBP, SPO2 and BIS were monitored. Conventional open venous access was used for intravenous infusion of compound sodium chloride injection, low flow nasal oxygen inhalation (2L/min), radial artery puncture and cat... | PMC10069053 | |
Observational indices | dizziness, nausea, postoperative adverse reactions, HAD | CHRONIC ILLNESS | Patients' demographic information was gathered, including age, gender, BMI, level of education, occupation, chronic illness, preoperative HAD and preoperative Harris scores, length of surgery, and length of hospital stay. The first time out of bed, the ambulation distance, and the number of PCA presses within 48 h afte... | PMC10069053 |
Statistical analysis | SPSS26.0 software was adopted for data analysis, measurement data are represented as | PMC10069053 | ||
Results | PMC10069053 | |||
General data | There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups (Comparison of general data between the two groups | PMC10069053 | ||
Postoperative VAS score | There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups at rest and in active state after operation (Comparison of postoperative VAS scores between the two groups (points, M(IQR)) | PMC10069053 | ||
Patient recovery, length of hospital time and PCA compression times | The time of first getting out of bed, the distance of activity and the length of hospital stay in group A were better than those in group B, and the differences were statistically significant (The first time to get out of bed, the distance of activity and the length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups... | PMC10069053 | ||
Comparison of adverse responses between the two groups | dizziness, postoperative adverse reactions, nausea, vomiting | Compared with group A, the incidences of nausea, vomiting and dizziness in group B were significantly higher (Comparison of postoperative adverse reactions between the two groups [ | PMC10069053 | |
Patient stress index | There was no significant difference in the levels of IL-6 and CRP between the two groups in the morning of the operation day (Comparison of IL-6 and CRP between the two groups. | PMC10069053 | ||
Comparison of patients’ HAD scores | depression, HAD, anxiety | Compared with group B, the scores of anxiety and depression in group A were significantly reduced at 3 days and 1 week after operation, and the differences were statistically significant (HAD scores were compared between the two groups. | PMC10069053 | |
Harris score | The Harris score of group A at 3 days, 1 week and 1 month after operation was significantly higher than that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant (Harris score was compared between the two groups at 3 days, 1 week and 1 month after operation ( | PMC10069053 | ||
Discussion | femoral neck fractures, anxiety, nausea and vomiting, pain, dizziness, depression, trauma | ADVERSE EFFECTS, SCHWARTZ | The most common form of depression in older patients with femoral neck fractures is anxiety [The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in VAS score between the two groups within 48 h after operation, but in terms of adverse effects, esketamine group in the incidence of nausea and vomitin... | PMC10069053 |
Conclusions | depression, anxiety, pain | Esketamine has good clinical application value because it can more effectively relieve pain in elderly patients who have had total hip arthroplasty, reduce perioperative stress response, improve perioperative anxiety and depression symptoms, shorten bed rest time, and encourage postoperative rehabilitation. | PMC10069053 | |
Author contributions | MM | MM was responsible for the design, implementation and manuscript writing. DC was responsible for literature search and follow-up. CX is responsible for data processing and literature search. XW is in charge of manuscript editing. All authors have contributed to the manuscript and all authors have approved the submissio... | PMC10069053 | |
Funding | This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. | PMC10069053 | ||
Declarations | PMC10069053 | |||
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interests. | PMC10069053 | ||
References | PMC10069053 | |||
Background | orthodontic | Whether slim the face or not after removed third molars is the concern of some orthodontic treatment candidates. The aim of this article is to explore the volume changes of facial soft and hard tissues after third molars extraction, as well as develop a reproducible clinical protocol to precisely assess facial soft tis... | PMC10362706 | |
Methods | A non-randomized, non-blind, self-controlled pilot study was conducted. 24 adults aged 18–30 had ipsilateral third molars extracted. The body weight change was controlled within 2 kg. Structured light scans were taken under a standardized procedure pre-extraction (T0), three (T1), and six (T2) months post-extraction; C... | PMC10362706 | ||
Results | The final sample size is 23, including 5 males (age 26.6 ± 2.5 years) and 18 females (age 27.3 ± 2.5 years). The HTVC was − 2.33 ± 0.46ml on the extraction side. On the extraction side, the STV decreased by 1.396 (95% CI: 0.323–2.470) ml (P < 0.05) at T1, and increased by 1.753 (95% CI: -0.01-3.507) ml (P = 0.05) at T2... | PMC10362706 | ||
Conclusions | After ipsilateral wisdom teeth extraction, the volume of hard tissue on the extraction side reduces, and the volume of facial soft tissue does not change evidently. However, further research with large sample size is still needed. The STV measurement has excellent repeatability. It can be extended to other interested a... | PMC10362706 | ||
Trial registration | ChiCTR, ChiCTR1800018305 (11/09/2018), | PMC10362706 | ||
Keywords | PMC10362706 | |||
Background | tooth, atrophies | SLS, ATROPHIES | The wisdom teeth extraction influences maxillofacial hard tissue dimensions and may affect facial soft tissue dimensions. Previous research proved that the alveolar bone is tooth-dependent tissue and atrophies due to the loss of the tooth [Presume “face slim” happens, the soft tissue change is relatively small which ne... | PMC10362706 |
Methods | PMC10362706 | |||
Study design/sample | inflammation, periodontitis, pericoronitis, tooth | INFLAMMATION, PERIODONTITIS, PERICORONITIS, IMPACTION | A non-randomized, non-blind, self-controlled clinical study was conducted.Sample size calculation: According to the method by W. Viechtbauer et al. [Inclusion criteria:
18–30 years old, with a balanced face; Voluntary to pull out ipsilateral wisdom teeth simultaneously. There is no limit of the impaction classification... | PMC10362706 |
Clinical intervention and follow-up | SLS | The ipsilateral third molars were extracted by the same experienced surgeon at one follow-up visit. SLS and the bodyweight were taken at T0, T1, and T2. CBCT was taken at T0 and T2. Patients were required to control weight change within ± 2 kg. | PMC10362706 | |
The data collection | PMC10362706 | |||
SLS acquisition | SLS | The parameters of the FaceScan SLS system (Isravision, Darmstadt, Germany) are: scanning speed of 0.8 s, scanning accuracy of 0.2 mm, scanning range from 270 degrees to 320 degrees, 5 million CCD pixels. A standardized procedure [ | PMC10362706 | |
CBCT acquisition | teeth bite | CBCT images were taken with i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA) at 120kVp, 18.45mAs, 20-second acquisition time, and 16 × 13 cm field of view. The effective radiation dose was 69–87µSv. Each patient was instructed to hold still, maintain her or his head upright and fixed by a headrest, with the te... | PMC10362706 | |
The data evaluation | PMC10362706 | |||
SLS analysis | SD | The facial scans were processed in Geomagic 2014 (2014, Germany) software by the following steps:
Alignment and registration:The scan of T0 was set to be a fixed module, while the scans of T1 and T2 were floating modules. T1 and T2 scans were registered to T0 according to the upper third of the face [
The registration ... | PMC10362706 | |
CBCT analysis | The CBCTs were imported into Dragonfly software (version 4.3, Objects Research Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada) in DICOM format for analysis.
Alignment based on voxel information.CBCT of T0 was set as a “fixed module”. CBCT of T2 was aligned to the T0 through manual rotation and translation until the teeth and bone conto... | PMC10362706 | ||
Statistical methods | Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 23.0; SPSS, IBM; Chicago). As for the reliability of the projection method, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for absolute agreement, single measure, based on 2-way random effects, was calculated. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the data distribution. ... | PMC10362706 | ||
Results | A total of 24 volunteers were recruited, and one (male, age 30) was excluded due to unqualified data. Specifically, there was obvious deformation in the post-extraction facial scan, which may be due to the mandible position deviation or the defect of structural light scanning. A total of 23 volunteers were included, in... | PMC10362706 | ||
Discussion | SLS, IMPACTION | The pilot study is exploratory in methodological feasibility of facial soft tissue volume measurement and rationality of experimental design for the preparation of further research. A non-randomized, non-blind, and self-controlled clinical trial was conducted to measure the 3D soft and hard tissue changes of the human ... | PMC10362706 | |
Acknowledgements | The author would like to thank the National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, PR China, for software support. | PMC10362706 | ||
Authors’ contributions | SLS | WXW designed and operated the study, and write the manuscript. YHH processed the CBCT data. WEB extracted teeth and collected clinical data. CXY processed part of the SLS data and duplicated the STV measurement. ZYJ contributed to the software utilization. JJH designed the study and revised the manuscript. All authors ... | PMC10362706 | |
Funding | This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. | PMC10362706 | ||
Data Availability | All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article. | PMC10362706 | ||
Declarations | PMC10362706 | |||
Competing interests | The authors declare that they have no competing interests. | PMC10362706 | ||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | This study was approved by the ethics committee of Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China (number PKUSSIRB-201838117). Informed consent has been obtained from all volunteers in written. All methods in this study were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. | PMC10362706 | ||
Consent for publication | Informed consent for publication of images has been obtained from the volunteer. | PMC10362706 | ||
List of abbreviations | soft tissue volumehard tissue volumesoft tissue volume changehard tissue volume changeStructured light scanningCone-beam computed tomographyRoot mean squareRegions of interestIntraclass correlation coefficientIterative closest point | PMC10362706 | ||
References | PMC10362706 | |||
ABSTRACT | PMC10375926 | |||
Background | muscle soreness, fatigue | Olive fruit is rich in bioactive pentacyclic triterpenoids, primarily maslinic acid (MA). Previous studies have demonstrated that MA exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects; however, it is unclear whether MA intake during training inhibits perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness in athletes. This study ana... | PMC10375926 | |
Methods | muscle soreness, perceptual fatigue | This randomized, double-blind, cross-over, and placebo-controlled trial involved 12 young, healthy male water polo athletes. After daily training for seven days, they ingested either olive fruit extract, containing 60 mg/day MA, or a placebo. We measured perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness during the intervention us... | PMC10375926 | |
Results | Perceptual fatigue, muscle soreness | Perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness and the area under the curve during the training period were significantly lower (main effect of MA; | PMC10375926 | |
Conclusion | inflammation, muscle soreness, perceptual fatigue | INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS | These findings suggest that MA intake not only reduces perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness but also decreases inflammation and oxidative stress in the blood and skeletal muscle. | PMC10375926 |
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT | PMC10375926 | |||
KEYWORDS | PMC10375926 | |||
Introduction | fatigue | INFLAMMATION, GLYCOGEN DEPLETION | Chronic fatigue can impact physical and mental athletic performance. A tired athlete may have less energy to exert themselves during practice or a game. Exercise-induced fatigue, which is attributable to many factors, including the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, inflammation, and muscle glycogen depletion, af... | PMC10375926 |
Materials and methods | PMC10375926 | |||
Participants | This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted with 12 Japanese first-division national-level male university water polo athletes. The characteristics of the participants are shown in Grouping condition and characteristics of participants.Training schedule from Day 1 to Day 7 during intervention. | PMC10375926 | ||
Training schedule | The participants maintained a fixed training regimen ( | PMC10375926 | ||
Anthropometric measurements | Anthropometric measurements were performed bare feet in light clothes. Body mass was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg using a digital scale (InBody 770; InBody Japan, Tokyo, Japan). Height was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm using a wall-mounted stadiometer (Digital Height Meter AD-6227 by A&D, Tokyo, Japan). Body mass in... | PMC10375926 | ||
Performance trial (eggbeater kick ability) | Participants conducted the performance trial measurements in a 50-m indoor pool with a maximum depth of 3.8 m. A blood sample was taken from the fingertip and blood lactate levels were measured with Lactate Pro2 (Arkray. Kyoto. Japan) before and after the performance trial. Participants performed a 20-second eggbeater ... | PMC10375926 | ||
Perceptual assessments of fatigue and muscle soreness | muscle soreness, fatigue | The perceptual assessment of fatigue and muscle soreness in the whole or parts of body were surveyed using the visual analog scale (VAS) [ | PMC10375926 | |
Serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels and other biochemical markers | TNF-α | BLOOD | Blood samples were collected from each participant in the morning after fasting for 12 h overnight. Each blood sample was placed in a serum separator tube and centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C. The serum was stored at −80°C until further analysis. Serum TNF-α levels were measured by ELISA using the Human T... | PMC10375926 |
Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay | Serum TBARS were measured as described previously [ | PMC10375926 | ||
Cell culture | WEST | Murine C2C12 skeletal muscle cells (passage numbers 10–12) were seeded into 12-well plates and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (11966025, Gibco) containing 10% (vol/vol) fetal bovine serum (FBS; F9665, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), 1% (vol/vol) penicillin-streptomycin (15070–063, Gibco), 5 mM g... | PMC10375926 | |
Western blot analysis | LYSIS | Total protein from the C2C12 cells was extracted with a lysis buffer containing 50 mM HEPES (pH: 7.6), 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM EDTA, 10 mM Na | PMC10375926 | |
Primary antibodies | TNF-α | The following primary antibodies were used for western blot analysis: TNF-α (1:500, 52B83; sc -52,746, Santa Cruz), total-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) (1:1000, #8242; Cell signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), phospho-NF-κB (1:1000, #3033; Cell signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) (1:10... | PMC10375926 | |
Statistical analyses | Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD) or individual values ( | PMC10375926 | ||
Results | PMC10375926 | |||
P | To determine whether MA affects treading water performance, we measured the maximum number of sets of high-intensity interval exercises with an eggbeater kick for water polo athletes. The exhaustion set count for the performance trial was lower than before the intervention but was not affected by MA intake (data are no... | PMC10375926 | ||
Perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness | fatigue, muscle soreness, lower back muscle soreness, femur muscle soreness, muscle fatigue, chest muscle soreness, perceptual fatigue | We measured perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness as the primary outcomes. Regarding fatigue, whole-body fatigue and muscle fatigue were lower in the MA condition compared with those in the placebo condition (MA intake attenuates perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness during the one-week intervention. (a) whole body f... | PMC10375926 | |
Inflammatory and damage markers in blood | inflammation, TNF-α | INFLAMMATION | To elucidate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of MA, we measured inflammatory (TNF-α and high sensitive C-reactive protein) and damage (CK and creatinine) biomarkers in the blood. For TNF-α, an interaction was observed between the placebo and the MA condition after intervention and the rate of change in T... | PMC10375926 |
Oxidative stress (TBARS) in blood | OXIDATIVE STRESS | To determine the effect of MA on oxidative stress, we measured TBARS in the serum. TBARS is a representative oxidative stress marker and is a protein that is primarily produced when fat is oxidized. Between the placebo and MA conditions after the intervention, an interaction was observed (interaction: MA intake inhibit... | PMC10375926 | |
Inflammatory and antioxidant related proteins in vitro | Finally, we performed an Inflammatory related proteins are decreased within myotubes treated with serum from MA-conditioned participants after intervention. (a) western blot band images, protein expression levels of (b) TNF-α, (c) NF-κB, and (d) COX2. All data are expressed as means and individual values (Antioxidant f... | PMC10375926 | ||
Discussion | INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS | The findings of this study show that seven consecutive days of MA supplementation effectively reduced perceptual fatigue, soreness, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers in the blood in highly trained water polo athletes. In an | PMC10375926 | |
MA and exercise performance | muscle soreness, muscle damage, fatigue | INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS | This is the first study to report the effects of MA supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and swimming (treading water) performance in team sport athletes. Contrary to our (and previous studies) hypothesis, the MA ingestion did not affect performance, but suppressed perceptual fatigue and muscle soreness. ... | PMC10375926 |
Perceptual evaluation | arthralgia pain | HAND ARTHRITIS | We observed the main effect of MA in all indexes of the evaluation by VAS, which is the main outcome of this study. Our previous study reported that MA attenuates arthralgia pain in the elderly and arthritis in inflammatory mouse models [ | PMC10375926 |
Evaluation of inflammatory and oxidative stress in blood | INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS | We quantified some factors associated with inflammation, damage, and oxidative stress in the blood plasma to determine the effects of MA intake. Reduced inflammation, damage, and oxidative stress after intervention indicate the maintenance of muscular function. It likely mitigates soreness, possibly explaining the pres... | PMC10375926 | |
Effects of MA-ingested serum on cultured cells | inflammation | INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS | As a new insight, we investigated whether the addition of serum before and after the intervention from the participants to cultured cells would affect the protein expression on inflammation or antioxidant. This experiment enables us to examine in more detail the effects of MA and metabolites resulting from MA intake. A... | PMC10375926 |
Limitations | inflammation | INFLAMMATION | One limitation of this study was the short duration of MA ingestion. Our study was conducted for a short period of one week to ascertain the impact of MA on inflammation and injury. In addition, because this study was conducted with active athletes, it was limited to one week because of the constraints of accommodating... | PMC10375926 |
Conclusion | inflammation, muscle soreness, fatigue | INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS | In this study, we determined the effect of MA on fatigue and muscle soreness in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over, and placebo-controlled trial. Our results suggest that MA intake for one-week significantly attenuated fatigue and muscle soreness by reducing inflammation and damage. Furthermore, we found novel MA b... | PMC10375926 |
Abbreviations | Tumor necrosis | TUMOR NECROSIS | ANOVA: analysis of variance, AUC: area under the curve, BMI: Body mass index, CK: Creatine kinase, COX2: Cyclooxygenase 2, DMEM: Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium, GPX: Glutathione peroxidase, Hmox1: Heme oxygenase 1, hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, MA: maslinic acid, mTOR: Mechanistic target of rapamycin... | PMC10375926 |
Acknowledgments | Ota | The authors would also like to thank Kohei Takeda (Meiji University), Yuya Ota, Hideto Hanakita, Shota Kumamoto, Koichiro Tanahashi, and Jiyeon Park (University of Tsukuba) for help with the measurements. | PMC10375926 | |
Disclosure statement | This study was funded by NIPPN CORPORATION. Yuki Yamauchi and Keito Suzuki are employees of NIPPN CORPORATION. The other authors have no personal or financial conflicts of interest. | PMC10375926 | ||
Author contributions | Significant manuscript writer: TS. Concept and design: T.S., E.K., K.M., Y.Y., K.S., and T.T. Data acquisition: T.S., E.K., K.M., Y.Y., and K.S. Data analysis and interpreted: T.S. and YY. Prepared figure: T.S. Drafted manuscript: T.S. Edited and revised manuscript: T.S., H.T., S.M and T.T. All authors read and approve... | PMC10375926 | ||
Data availability statement | The sharing of data in an open-access repository was not included in our participants consent. Thus, in accordance with standard ethical practice, data may only be available on request from the corresponding author. | PMC10375926 | ||
Ethics approval | This study conformed to the Declaration of Helsinki principles and was approved by the University of Tsukuba Research Ethics Committee approved this study (Tai29–75). This study was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trial Registry under the ID UMIN 000030479. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants be... | PMC10375926 | ||
Consent for publication | The Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition submission standards and the article’s content have the approval of all authors. | PMC10375926 | ||
References | PMC10375926 | |||
Background | bleeding, non-critically ill | BLEEDING | Randomized clinical trials in non-critically ill COVID-19 patients showed that therapeutic-dose heparin increased survival with reduced organ support as compared with usual-care thromboprophylaxis, albeit with increased bleeding risk. The purpose of the study is to assess the safety of intermediate dose enoxaparin in h... | PMC10594805 |
Methods | bleeding | DISEASE, BLEEDING | A phase II single-arm interventional prospective study including patients receiving intermediate dose enoxaparin once daily according to body weight: 60 mg for 45–60 kg, 80 mg for 61–100 kg or 100 mg for > 100 kg for 14 days, with dose adjustment according to anti-factor Xa activity (target range: 0.4–0.6 UI/ml); an ob... | PMC10594805 |
Results | bleeding | BLEEDING, EVENT | Major bleeding was similar in IC (1/98 1.02%) and in the OC (none), with only one event observed in a patient receiving concomitantly anti-platelet therapy. The composite outcome was observed in 53/98 patients (54%) in the IC and 132/203 (65%) patients in the OC ( | PMC10594805 |
Conclusions | non-critically ill | Weight adjusted intermediate dose heparin with anti-FXa monitoring is safe with potential positive impact on clinical course in COVID-19 non-critically ill patients. | PMC10594805 | |
Trial registration | The study INHIXACOVID19 was registred on ClinicalTrials.gov with the trial registration number (TRN) NCT04427098 on 11/06/2020. | PMC10594805 |
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