title stringlengths 1 1.19k | keywords stringlengths 0 668 | concept stringlengths 0 909 | paragraph stringlengths 0 61.8k | PMID stringlengths 10 11 |
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3.2. Sarcopenia Evaluation Related Indicators | sarcopenia | SARCOPENIA | There was no significant difference in the indicators of sarcopenia between the two groups before the intervention ( | PMC9937758 |
3.3. Functional Independence | There was no significant difference in the functional independence between the two groups before the intervention ( | PMC9937758 | ||
3.4. Postoperative Recovery | fracture | The time of fracture healing and hospital stay in patients of research group were all significantly lower than those in patients of control group ( | PMC9937758 | |
3.5. Nursing Satisfaction | The number of patients in the control group was 16, 22, and 12 who were very satisfied, satisfied, and dissatisfied with their care, compared with 24, 23, and 3 in the research group, respectively. The patients in the study group had a satisfaction rate of 94.00%, which was significantly higher than that of the patient... | PMC9937758 | ||
4. Discussion | age-dependent loss of muscle mass, muscle atrophy, fracture, sarcopenia, pain, muscle exercise, fractures, Sarcopenia, Undernutrition, femoral fractures, mobility impairments, sarcopenic femoral fractures | DISORDER, MUSCLE ATROPHY, SARCOPENIA, METABOLIC DISEASE, UNDERNUTRITION, SARCOPENIA | Sarcopenia, an age-dependent loss of muscle mass and function, is a common disorder in older adults and is associated with adverse health outcomes. Sarcopenia patients suffer from loss of muscle strength and mobility impairments, which reduce their quality of life, with higher risk for falls, fractures, metabolic disea... | PMC9937758 |
Acknowledgments | This study was funded by Basic Research Incubation Project of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (No. KY08046). | PMC9937758 | ||
Data Availability | All data of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. | PMC9937758 | ||
Conflicts of Interest | All authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships. | PMC9937758 | ||
Authors' Contributions | femoral fracture | NN and JY contributed to the conception and design of the study. ZY, JZ, XL, YC, XX, and PL contributed to data collection. NN and JY drafted the manuscript. All authors gave the final approval.Baseline data in two groups.Comparison of sarcopenia-related indicators in two groups of sarcopenic femoral fracture patients ... | PMC9937758 | |
Introduction | T2DM, diabetes | TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, DIABETES | India currently has more than 74.2 million people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This is predicted to increase to 124.9 million by 2045. In combination with controlling blood glucose levels among those with T2DM, preventing the onset of diabetes among those at high risk of developing it is essential. Although ma... | PMC10030347 |
Objectives | diabetes, ECG abnormalities, microalbuminuria, Diabetes | DIABETES, RECRUITMENT, DIABETES | The overall aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term cardiometabolic effects of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (K-DPP). Specific aims are 1) to measure the long-term effectiveness of K-DPP on diabetes incidence and cardiometabolic risk after nine years from participant recruitment; 2) to assess retinal mi... | PMC10030347 |
Methods | T2DM | The nine-year follow-up study aims to reach all 1007 study participants (500 intervention and 507 control) from 60 randomized polling areas recruited to the original trial. Data are being collected in two phases. In phase 1 (Survey), we are admintsering a structured questionnaire, undertake physical measurements, and c... | PMC10030347 | |
Discussion | diabetes | DIABETES | Findings from this follow-up study will contribute to improved policy and practice regarding the long-term effects of lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention in India and other resource-limited settings. | PMC10030347 |
Trial registration | Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry–(updated from the original trial)ACTRN12611000262909; India: CTRI/2021/10/037191.
| PMC10030347 | ||
Keywords | PMC10030347 | |||
Introduction | Diabetes, diabetes | DIABETES, TYPE 2 DIABETES, DIABETES | Based on recent estimates, there are 537 million people with diabetes globally with 433 million (80.6%) living in low and middle-income countries such as India [India has the second highest number of people with diabetes (74.2 million), accounting for 1 in 7 of all adults living with diabetes worldwide, and this is exp... | PMC10030347 |
Summary of Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (K-DPP) findings at 12 and 24 months | Diabetes | TYPE 2 DIABETES, DIABETES | The Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (K-DPP) is a cluster randomized trial of a group-based and peer-led lifestyle intervention among adults at high-risk for type 2 diabetes in Kerala, India [ | PMC10030347 |
Rationale for long-term follow-up of K-DPP participants | PMC10030347 | |||
Diabetes incidence and cardiometablic risk | Diabetes, diabetes | EVENTS, DIABETES, DIABETES | There is limited long-term data on the effect of lifestyle interventions on diabetes incidence and cardiomentabolic risk, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Extended follow-up studies of previous lifestyle intervention studies, such as the Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study and the U.S. Diabetes Prevention ... | PMC10030347 |
Multimorbidity | Diabetes mellitus, multimorbidity | DIABETES MELLITUS, COMPLICATIONS | Diabetes mellitus is one of the main drivers of multimorbidity as it is associated with a large number of risk factors and complications [ | PMC10030347 |
Retinal vasculature | retinopathy, obesity, retinal arteriolar, impaired fasting glucose, diabetes | RETINOPATHY, OBESITY, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, HYPERTENSION, DIABETES | Changes in the retinal microvasculature, such as retinal arteriolar narrowing, venular dilatation, and retinopathy, have been associated with various systemic conditions, including impaired fasting glucose, obesity, blood pressure, incident hypertension, incident diabetes, and cardiovascular disease [ | PMC10030347 |
Methods | PMC10030347 | |||
Study aims | microalbuminuria, diabetes | RECRUITMENT, DIABETES | The overall aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term effects of the K-DPP on diabetes incidence and cardiometabolic risk at nine years following participant recruitment.The specific objectives are:To estimate the effects of K-DPP on diabetes incidence and cardiometabolic risk at nine yearsTo assess retinal microv... | PMC10030347 |
Study design and setting/context | The current study is the nineth-year follow-up assessment of the K-DPP. The protocol paper for the original trial has been published elsewhere [ | PMC10030347 | ||
Study population | Diabetes, diabetes | DIABETES, DIABETES | The study population for K-DPP is adults 30–60 years of age who were at high risk for diabetes based on the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS ≥ 60) [ | PMC10030347 |
Sample size | PMC10030347 | |||
Primary outcomes | diabetes | CVD, DIABETES | Based on the available data at 12 and 24 months, we anticipate more than 90% of K-DPP participants at baseline can provide complete and valid data for all key measures underlying diabetes incidence and 10-year CVD risk predicted using the Framingham Risk Score [ | PMC10030347 |
Secondary outcomes | Loss to follow-up has been very low so far, i.e., < 5% at 24 months and a 7-year cohort study conducted in the same region had a follow-up rate of 92% [ | PMC10030347 | ||
Intervention | Detailed description of the cultural adaptation and development of the K-DPP intervention has been published previously [ | PMC10030347 | ||
Data collection procedures | PMC10030347 | |||
Strategy to reach out to participants after nine years | During the preparation phase of the K-DPP follow-up study, participants were contacted via phone to check their availability and willingness to participate in the follow-up study. Unique K-DPP identification numbers and contact details of the study participants and local resource persons (LRP) from the previous assessm... | PMC10030347 | ||
Long-term effectiveness outcomes | muscle mass, renal disease, multimorbidity, diabetes | CVD, RENAL DISEASE, SECONDARY, BLOOD, DIABETES | The key study outcomes are the incidence of diabetes and CVD risk at nine years after the intervention. Other primary outcomes include Blood pressure, weight, HbA1c, triglycerides, SF-36, and tobacco. Additionally, body mass index, fat percent, muscle mass, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, Fasting Plasma ... | PMC10030347 |
Anthropometry and behavioral measures | muscle mass | BLOOD | Anthropometry (weight, total body fat percent, muscle mass, waist circumference) and Blood Pressure are measured using standard protocols. Self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior are estimated using the Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). Fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol use, and tobac... | PMC10030347 |
Retinal vasculature measurement | tortuosity | A CANON CR-2/Plus/AF RX non-mydriatic retinal camera is being used to obtain retinal images. Two images of each eye are being taken (macular centred and disc centred), following a standard protocol. Image quality will be continuously monitored throughout the study. Images will be graded using fully automated software p... | PMC10030347 | |
ECG | We are using ECG equipment (KardioScreen-1612) to acquire the report that is being asssed to determine whether the ECG waves and intervals are normal or pathological. A standard operating procedure adapted from the American College of Cardiology guidelines [ | PMC10030347 | ||
Biochemistry | All biochemical measurements are following standard procedures. Samples are being centrifuged within 30 min of collection, and transported with dry ice to a nationally accredited laboratory. Plasma glucose are being measured with the Hexokinase method on a COBAS 6000 analyzer, with kits supplied by Roche Diagnostics. T... | PMC10030347 | ||
Microalbuminuria | PUC | The random urine samples are being processed using Roche/Hitachi Cobas 501 analyzer system by Immunoturbidimetric assay with Roche reagent cassettes. Before running the samples, quality control procedures are being followed using Roche precinorm PUC and Precipath PUC. Besides, a monthly Biorad EQAS urine chemistry prog... | PMC10030347 | |
Economic evaluation | illness | The economic evaluation involves cost-effectiveness analysis of the intervention from both the health system and societal perspectives. The key outcome measure will be Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY), which will be estimated using the utility values (SF-6D) derived from the SF-36 survey form. Costs being assessed in... | PMC10030347 | |
Program sustainability | We are assessing three key features of K-DPP program sustainability at nine years from intervention using a structured interview with K-DPP participants. This assessment focuses on the past 12 months preceding the assessment. The five main areas of assessment for program sustainability are:Participation in group/educat... | PMC10030347 | ||
Data management plan | PMC10030347 | |||
The survey, biomedical and clinical data | Data are being entered by the research team into the RedCap database at SCTIMST servers. The database has validation checks for the values. Skip patterns are included using branching logic functions. Each team member double-checks the data s/he entered before synchronization. The project manager checks the entered data... | PMC10030347 | ||
Retinal data | Image quality is being continuously monitored throughout the study. Initially, the day’s images were reviewed on site and feedback was provided to the photographer(s) immediately and appropriate measures have been taken to ensure that the images are captured accurately. During subsequent camps / data acquisition during... | PMC10030347 | ||
Statistical analysis | tortuosity, diabetes | CVD, REGRESSION, DIABETES | The two co-primary outcomes are diabetes incidence and CVD risk. The analyses will observe the intention-to-treat principle. A generalized estimating equation [To evaluate the treatment effect on continuous outcomes, a repeated measures mixed-effects linear regression model, adjusting for the baseline measures, will be... | PMC10030347 |
Ethics approvals | For the K-DPP Follow-up study, we obtained Ethics approval from the Institutional Review Board of SCTIMST (ID: SCT/IEC/1349/APRIL-2019) and the Alfred Human Research Ethics Committee (ID: 463/21). Local approvals from HMSC and State Health Departments have been obtained before the start of data collection. A participan... | PMC10030347 | ||
Discussion | diabetes, Diabetes | DIABETES, TYPE 2 DIABETES, DIABETES | This paper describes the protocol for the nine-year follow-up of a cluster randomized controlled trial of a peer-led lifestyle intervention program – the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program—to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes among individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes at baseline. The study will... | PMC10030347 |
Acknowledgements | Diabetes | HEART, DIABETES | K-DPP follow-up study is funded by the National Health & Medical Research Council (Grant ID: 1160283). We acknowledge Dr Yingting Cao, Dr GK Mini, Professor Sivasubramonian Sivasankaran, Kate Chalmers, Ameera Katar, and Rebecca Gracey for their contribution in the preparatory phase of the study. We also acknowledge Sre... | PMC10030347 |
Authors’ contributions | JP | RECRUITMENT | TH, SJ, NK and TS contributed to the study design, coordination of the recruitment and data collection and prepared the first draft of the manuscript. BO, JP, KRT, EBF, PA, AM, RT, NK and TS contributed to the study design and involved in writing the original grant proposal. LT is managing the project and contributed t... | PMC10030347 |
Funding | This study is funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (Grant ID: 1160283). The funding body has no role in the design of the study and the writing the study protocol. | PMC10030347 | ||
Availability of data and materials | Not applicable. | PMC10030347 | ||
Declarations | PMC10030347 | |||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | The study obtained Ethics approval from the Institutional Review Board of Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology (ID: SCT/IEC/1349/APRIL-2019) and the Alfred Human Research Ethics Committee (ID: 463/21). Informed consent was obtained from all study participants. All methods will be carried out ... | PMC10030347 | ||
Consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10030347 | ||
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interests. | PMC10030347 | ||
References | PMC10030347 | |||
Background | Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has become an important treatment method in recurrent | PMC10594821 | ||
Methods | enema | In eight participants, we administered contrast fluid (CF) with viscosity similar to an FMT in a crossover study design. First, CF was administered by colonoscopy, followed by an abdominal X-ray to visualize the CF distribution. Next, after four to eight weeks, participants were given CF, but as an enema, followed by a... | PMC10594821 | |
Conclusion | CF, enema | ADVERSE EVENTS | Proportion of participants with CF in cecum were 100% after colonoscopy, 50% after enema + and 38% after enema ÷. In the transverse colon, proportions were 100% (colonoscopy), 88% (enema +) and 63% (enema ÷). There were no adverse events. | PMC10594821 |
Interpretation | enema | This study shows proof of concept for the distribution of FMT to proximal colon when delivered by enema. A positioning procedure after the enema slightly improves the proximal distribution. However, colonoscopy is the only method that ensures delivery to the cecum. Studies are needed to see if FMT colon distribution co... | PMC10594821 | |
Trial registration | The study was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05121285) (16/11/2021). | PMC10594821 | ||
Supplementary Information | The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-023-02979-x. | PMC10594821 | ||
Keywords | Open access funding provided by UiT The Arctic University of Norway (incl University Hospital of North Norway) | PMC10594821 | ||
Introduction | enema | Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) involves transfer of feces from a healthy donor to the gastrointestinal tract of a recipient and has proven to be very effective in treatment of recurrent FMT administration methods vary, and none have consistently shown to be superior to the others [FMT by colonoscopy require hig... | PMC10594821 | |
Method | PMC10594821 | |||
Trial design | enema | This was an assessor blinded, open labeled, single center crossover trial performed at the University Hospital of North-Norway Harstad, Norway. We used contrast fluid (CF) (Barium sulfate suspension 105% w/v, Liquid Polibar Plus, E-Z-EM Canada Inc) as a surrogate liquid for FMT produced in accordance with current Europ... | PMC10594821 | |
Participants | cardiovascular or lung disease, malignancy, asthma, obstructive gastrointestinal disease | KIDNEY FAILURE, ASTHMA, INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE | Patients 18 to 70 years old (median 67) scheduled for a colonoscopy at the gastroenterology outpatient clinic were screened for eligibility. Patients were excluded if they had malignancy, inflammatory bowel disease or obstructive gastrointestinal disease suspected in advance or confirmed during colonoscopy. Other exclu... | PMC10594821 |
Outcome and analysis | CF | Our primary outcome was the proportion of participants with CF in the cecum after each administration method. Secondary outcome was the proportion of participants with CF in the transverse colon after each administration method. Proportions were compared using a Fischer Exact test with a significance level of 0·05. We ... | PMC10594821 | |
Ethics | enema, anaphylactic reactions | ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION | CF was delivered during scheduled colonoscopies necessary for medical purposes. The enema procedure is less invasive compared to a colonoscopy and therefore unlikely to cause any harm in healthy individuals such as our trial participants. Study personnel were trained and equipped to handle any case of anaphylactic reac... | PMC10594821 |
Results | malignancy, enema, asthma, CF | ADVERSE EVENTS, ASTHMA | A total of 31 participants were assessed for eligibility and ten were found to be eligible. Main medical reasons for exclusion were suspected malignancy (n = four), asthma (n = four), and history of trouble with bowel preparation in earlier colonoscopies (n = two). Among the ten eligible participants, two declined to p... | PMC10594821 |
Discussion | enema, CF | ADVERSE EVENTS | To our knowledge, this is the first trial to evaluate how fluid similar to FMT is distributed in the colon immediately after delivery by colonoscopy or enema. CF delivered to the cecum by colonoscopy is indeed distributed across colon, which we saw in all participants. Following CF by enema, most patients had CF distri... | PMC10594821 |
Conclusion | enema | This study shows proof of concept for the distribution of FMT to proximal colon when delivered by enema. Positioning the patient slightly improves the proximal distribution. However, colonoscopy is the only method that ensures delivery to the cecum. Studies are needed to see if FMT colon distribution correlates with tr... | PMC10594821 | |
Electronic supplementary material | Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Supplementary Material 1
Supplementary Material 2
Supplementary Material 3
Supplementary Material 4 | PMC10594821 | ||
Acknowledgements | enema | The authors would like to thank Marthe Hammervår Rasmus, research nurse at the medical department at the University Hospital of North Norway, Harstad, for her expertise and excellent work regarding the enema procedure. | PMC10594821 | |
Authors’ contributions | HMH and LCKS contributed equally to this paperPHJ, HMH, PCV and LCKS conceived and developed the idea for the project. PHJ, HMH and LCKS wrote the study protocol. PHJ was responsible for all communication with the ethical committee. HMH and LCKS planned and organized the procedures. PCV performed the colonoscopies. PCV... | PMC10594821 | ||
Funding | The study was funded by Northern Norway Regional Health Authority (HNF1604-21), the funder had no other role in the study.Open access funding provided by UiT The Arctic University of Norway (incl University Hospital of North Norway) | PMC10594821 | ||
Data Availability | The data supporting the findings in this research project will be delivered to researchers who provide a sound proposal, on request. The lead authors affirm that the manuscript is an honest, accurate and transparent account of the study being reported. That no important aspects of the study have been omitted. For reque... | PMC10594821 | ||
Declarations | PMC10594821 | |||
Ethics approval | The study was approved by the regional committee of medical ethics in Northern Norway (Regional Etisk Komité (REK)-NORD:267433). All participants signed informed consent before trial inclusion. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. | PMC10594821 | ||
Consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10594821 | ||
Dissemination | Results from this study will be presented at national and international conferences. | PMC10594821 | ||
Competing interests | obesity, enema | OBESITY, IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME, SEVERE OBESITY, CLOSTRIDIOIDES DIFFICILE INFECTION | PHJ: North Norway Health trust - Personal fee as physician at dep. of internal medicine and researcher in a 50/50% position. South Eastern Norway Health Trust - Personal fee as researcher in a 20% position Principal investigator in REFIT 2 trial, An investigator-initiated and –run randomized trial investigating fecal m... | PMC10594821 |
References | PMC10594821 | |||
Background | hypermobility, hereditary connective tissue disorders | CHRONIC PAIN | Joint hypermobility is a common clinical finding amongst hereditary connective tissue disorders that is observed in pediatric rheumatological settings, and often associated with chronic pain. Joint hypermobility may also contribute to deficits in physical functioning and physical activity, but previous findings have be... | PMC10626644 |
Method | fibromyalgia, hypermobility, pain | FIBROMYALGIA, SECONDARY | As part of a larger randomized pilot trial of juvenile onset fibromyalgia (JFM), a secondary analysis was conducted to explore whether adolescents with JFM and joint hypermobility differed from non-joint hypermobility peers in terms of pain, daily functioning, and biomechanics (i.e., kinetics and kinematics) during a m... | PMC10626644 |
Results | From the larger sample of adolescents with JFM ( | PMC10626644 | ||
Conclusions | decreased joint stiffness, hypermobility | In this exploratory study, there were small but notable differences in biomechanics between patients with JFM who also had joint hypermobility versus those without joint hypermobility during a landing and jumping task (e.g., DVJ). These differences may indicate decreased joint stiffness during landing, associated with ... | PMC10626644 | |
Keywords | PMC10626644 | |||
Background | hypermobility, musculoskeletal pain | SECONDARY | Joint hypermobility, characterized by excessive rangeof movement, is observed in 7–36% of children and adolescents [Joint hypermobility does not appear to be directly linked to physical activity impairment but is associated with repetitive use injuries [Joint hypermobility may also be a risk factor for the development ... | PMC10626644 |
Findings | PMC10626644 | |||
Methods | PMC10626644 | |||
Participants | pain | Adolescents (between 12 and 18 years of age), that met criteria for JFM, and had at least moderate functional disability and pain, were recruited as part of a larger pilot randomized clinical trial for teens with JFM, which tested a combined cognitive-behavioral therapy and neuromuscular exercise training program; only... | PMC10626644 | |
Measures | PMC10626644 | |||
Hypermobility | The Beighton Score [ | PMC10626644 | ||
Pain intensity | chronic pain, pain | CHRONIC PAIN | Participants rated their average pain intensity over the past 2 weeks using a 0–10 cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). The VAS has been well-validated among youth with chronic pain [ | PMC10626644 |
Functional disability | The Functional Disability Inventory (FDI) is a 15-item, 5-point Likert scale (0 – no trouble; 4 – impossible) that assesses adolescents’ perceived difficulty with daily activities due to their physical health (e.g., “Doing chores at home”) [ | PMC10626644 | ||
Functional biomechanical assessment | The methodology for biomechanical assessment, data processing, andanalyses used in the pilot randomized trial are fully described in prior publications [
Drop vertical jump task | PMC10626644 | ||
Data analyses | Descriptive statistics are presented in Table Descriptive statistics among study variables – non-hypermobile vs. hypermobileScatterplot of Beighton and FDI scoresScatterplot of Beighton and knee flexion angleScatterplot of Beighton and internal hip rotation angleScatterplot of Beighton and hip abductor moment | PMC10626644 | ||
Results | PMC10626644 | |||
Descriptive statistics | Of the 36 patients enrolled in the larger study [ | PMC10626644 | ||
Relations between hypermobility, and biomechanics, pain, and functional disability | functional disability | Beighton scores decreased as functional disability increased (Fig. | PMC10626644 | |
Hypermobility group comparisons | Functional disability, joint hypermobility | Functional disability was lower for those with joint hypermobility ( | PMC10626644 |
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