title stringlengths 1 1.19k | keywords stringlengths 0 668 | concept stringlengths 0 909 | paragraph stringlengths 0 61.8k | PMID stringlengths 10 11 |
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Materials and methods | PMC9821721 | |||
Participants | A priori power analyses (software package, G* Power 3.1.9.7: University of Dusseldorf, Germany) conducted using the results from studies by Hazime et al. [ | PMC9821721 | ||
Experimental design | This study utilized a fully randomized, crossover, repeated measures design, with all participants completing four protocols. The four protocols involved the participant receiving: 1) a-tDCS targeting the left M1, with testing of the contralateral (right) leg, 2) a-tDCS targeting the left M1 with testing of the ipsilat... | PMC9821721 | ||
Experimental design. | knee extensors | CONTRACTION | Abbreviations: KE: knee extensors, KF: knee flexors, MVC: maximal voluntary isometric contraction, tDCS: transcranial direct current stimulation. | PMC9821721 |
tDCS intervention | A similar stimulation protocol as the only other study to test ipsilateral tDCS effects [ | PMC9821721 | ||
MVC and fatigue tests | fatigue | CONTRACTION | Prior to any performance measurements, participants completed a five-minute warm up using a cycle ergometer at 70 revolutions per minute and 1 kilopond.To measure force, a cuff with a non-extensible strap was attached to a strain gauge (Omega Engineering Inc., LCCA 500 pounds; sensitivity = 3 mV/V, OEI, Canada) and pla... | PMC9821721 |
tDCS blinding questionnaire | itching, tingling, scalp irritation | Before and after receiving tDCS (either a-tDCS or s-tDCS), participants were given a questionnaire, where they were asked to rate perceived sensations (e.g., itching, tingling, scalp irritation) on a scale from 1–10 (Likert scale: 1 = absent, 10 = severe) [ | PMC9821721 | |
Statistical analysis | blurred vision, scalp irritation, fatigue, anxiety, itching, burning sensation, headache, acute mood, neck pain | Statistical analyses were calculated using SPSS software (Version 27.0, SPSS, Inc. Chicago, IL). Normality and homogeneity of variances tests were conducted for all dependent variables. If the assumption of sphericity was violated, the Greenhouse-Geiser correction was employed. For absolute MVC force, a three-way repea... | PMC9821721 | |
Results | PMC9821721 | |||
Absolute force measures | Coefficient of variations (CV) less than 10% of the mean and excellent reliability described as an ICC: >0.9 were found between pre-test measurements for the contralateral (α = 0.943, a-tDCS CV: 31.6 = 6.5% of mean, s-tDCS CV: 30.5 = 6.3% of mean) and ipsilateral (α = 0.964, a-tDCS: 36.4 = 7.5% of mean, s-tDCS: 36.2 = ... | PMC9821721 | ||
Mean participant absolute contralateral and ipsilateral knee extensor force following anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) or sham tDCS (s-tDCS). | (* denotes statistical significance at | PMC9821721 | ||
Relative (normalized) MVC force | A significant interaction effect for condition x leg tested [ | PMC9821721 | ||
Fatigue test | fatigue | There were no significant main or interaction effects for fatigue index force ( | PMC9821721 | |
Participant contralateral and ipsilateral knee extensor force fatigue index following anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) or sham tDCS (s-tDCS). | (* denotes statistical significance at | PMC9821721 | ||
Mean participant contralateral and ipsilateral knee extensor (KE) force for each contraction of the fatigue protocol. | Asterisk highlights a significant (p<0.0001) decrease in force from repetition #1 to #12. Columns and bars represent mean force values and standard deviations in Newtons. | PMC9821721 | ||
tDCS blinding questionnaire data | fatigue, scalp irritation, itching, burning sensation, headache | MINOR | Only minor side effects were reported following tDCS, including headache, scalp irritation, tingling, itching, burning sensation, and fatigue. Friedman’s ANOVA revealed no significant differences in these variables between the four protocols (all p values ≥ 0.056) suggesting that participants were sufficiently blinded ... | PMC9821721 |
Discussion | fatigue, muscle fatiguability | The main objective of this study was to determine if a-tDCS targeting the left M1 could modulate maximal force production or muscle fatiguability in either the right (contralateral to tDCS) or left (ipsilateral to tDCS) quadriceps. This study demonstrated significant force impairments (s-tDCS with testing of contralate... | PMC9821721 | |
Limitations | RECRUITMENT | It might be suggested that the recruitment of 16 participants in this study involving a more variable intervention might have led to low statistical power even though the power analysis indicated that 8–10 participants should provide sufficient power. This lower power may have diminished the possibility of revealing an... | PMC9821721 | |
Conclusions | fatigue | This study found that 10 minutes of 2 mA of a-tDCS is not an effective or consistent method for increasing maximal force production or reducing fatigue in the KE either contralateral or ipsilateral to the stimulated M1. Furthermore, the decrements with the contralateral s-tDCS also contributed to the inconsistent findi... | PMC9821721 | |
Methods | PMC10616990 | |||
Enrollment | thirty-nine, allergy | MAY, TRIGGER FINGER, ALLERGY | Institutional review board approval was obtained prior to initiation of the study. Four hundred and thirty-nine patients, 18 years of age and older, undergoing carpal tunnel release by three certified hand surgeons at a single academic institution were screened for eligibility between May 2019 and October 2021. Partici... | PMC10616990 |
Technique | Surgeries were performed by three experienced or highly-experienced fellowship-trained hand surgeons (RMS, COB, RHA) in practice for a minimum of 10 years ( | PMC10616990 | ||
Data collection | itching, itchiness, scars, pain | SCAR | Patients returned for two postoperative follow-up appointments, at 10–12 days and 6 weeks after surgery. Nylon sutures were removed at the first postoperative visit. At each visit, the incisions were evaluated by trained research personnel. The treating surgeon did not perform these evaluations to ensure interobserver ... | PMC10616990 |
Statistical analysis | Based on previously published data ( | PMC10616990 | ||
Results | SCAR, REGRESSION, SCAR | A total of 104 patients completed the first postoperative visit at 2 weeks, and 62 patients completed the second postoperative visit at 6 weeks. At 2 weeks, 48 patients in the Monocryl group and 56 patients in the nylon group successfully completed the questionnaires. At 6 weeks, 31 patients in the Monocryl group and 3... | PMC10616990 | |
Discussion | inflammation, scars, pain, tightness, tenderness, carpal tunnel | SCAR, INFLAMMATION, ADVERSE REACTION, PROLIFERATIVE, SCAR, COMPLICATIONS | Although carpal tunnel release is the most performed elective procedure in the hand, debate remains regarding the optimal suture type and method for wound closure. There is emerging evidence that suture material and closure technique can influence the ultimate outcome (Several studies have pointed to the advantages con... | PMC10616990 |
Supplemental Material | PMC10616990 | |||
sj-zip-1-jhs-10.1177_17531934231178383 - Supplemental material for Prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of Monocryl versus nylon sutures on patient- and observer-assessed outcomes following carpal tunnel surgery | Click here for additional data file.Supplemental material, sj-zip-1-jhs-10.1177_17531934231178383 for Prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of Monocryl versus nylon sutures on patient- and observer-assessed outcomes following carpal tunnel surgery by Edward Wu, Robert Allen, Christopher Bayne and... | PMC10616990 | ||
References | PMC10616990 | |||
Key Points | PMC10116385 | |||
Question | depression | Can depression be reduced during pregnancy and before birth using a brief, safe intervention? | PMC10116385 | |
Findings | depressive disorder, depression | In this randomized clinical trial of 234 adult pregnant individuals, elevated symptoms were reported during routine obstetric care depression screening. Compared with enhanced usual care, brief interpersonal psychotherapy significantly improved depression symptoms and major depressive disorder diagnosis rate during pre... | PMC10116385 | |
Meaning | depression | Brief interpersonal psychotherapy may be warranted to relieve depression in pregnant individuals with potential intergenerational benefits. | PMC10116385 | |
Importance | depression | Prenatal depression is prevalent with negative consequences for both the mother and developing fetus. Brief, effective, and safe interventions to reduce depression during pregnancy are needed. | PMC10116385 | |
Objective | depression | To evaluate depression improvement (symptoms and diagnosis) among pregnant individuals from diverse backgrounds randomized to brief interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) vs enhanced usual care (EUC). | PMC10116385 | |
Design, Setting, and Participants | depression | A prospective, evaluator-blinded, randomized clinical trial, the Care Project, was conducted among adult pregnant individuals who reported elevated symptoms during routine obstetric care depression screening in general practice in obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) clinics. Participants were recruited between July 2017... | PMC10116385 | |
Interventions | Treatment comprised an engagement session and 8 active sessions of brief IPT (MOMCare) during pregnancy. EUC included engagement and maternity support services. | PMC10116385 | ||
Main Outcomes and Measures | depression, Depression | Two depression symptom scales, the 20-item Symptom Checklist and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, were assessed at baseline and repeatedly across pregnancy. Structured Clinical Interview for | PMC10116385 | |
Results | MDD | Of 234 participants, 115 were allocated to IPT (mean [SD] age, 29.7 [5.9] years; 57 [49.6%] enrolled in Medicaid; 42 [36.5%] had current MDD; 106 [92.2%] received intervention) and 119 to EUC (mean [SD] age, 30.1 [5.9] years; 62 [52.1%] enrolled in Medicaid; 44 [37%] had MDD). The 20-item Symptom Checklist scores impro... | PMC10116385 | |
Conclusions and Relevance | MDD, depression, ’ mental health | In this study, brief IPT significantly reduced prenatal depression symptoms and MDD compared with EUC among pregnant individuals from diverse racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds recruited from primary OB/GYN clinics. As a safe, effective intervention to relieve depression during pregnancy, brief IPT may posit... | PMC10116385 | |
Trial Registration | ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | PMC10116385 | ||
Introduction | depression, Depression, disability | DISEASE | Depression is common and contributes to disability and disease burden.The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) showed that current interventions exhibit significant but small effects to prevent perinatal depression (defined broadly including pregnancy through 12 months post partum).The present study follows the U... | PMC10116385 |
Methods | PMC10116385 | |||
Participants | mania, psychosis, blood transfusions, depression, Depression | RECRUITMENT | We randomized 234 pregnant individuals recruited primarily from obstetrics clinics at 2 major medical centers in the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area. Recruitment began July 2017 and ended August 2021 with a pause from mid-April through mid-June 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Initial screening was performed base... | PMC10116385 |
CONSORT Flow Diagram | Participants allocated to interpersonal psychotherapy and designated as “did not receive intervention” did not attend any prenatal intervention sessions. | PMC10116385 | ||
Procedures | MDD | Participants completed a baseline evaluation, including interview and questionnaire assessments. Eligible individuals were then randomly assigned to IPT or EUC using a computer-generated random numbers sequence. Participants were randomized in blocks of 2 and stratified on current MDD (assessed via the Structured Clini... | PMC10116385 | |
Intervention Conditions | depression, psychiatric | MomCare is a culturally relevant, collaborative care intervention that provides brief IPT.All IPT therapists and collaborative care team members completed a 3-day training and were certified by Nancy Grote, PhD, a leading brief IPT expert for antenatal depression. IPT therapists were doctoral-level clinicians who follo... | PMC10116385 | |
Measures and Outcomes | depression | The 20-item Symptom Checklist (SCL-20) measures depression symptoms from the full Symptom Checklist-90-R.EPDS is used to screen maternal depression across the peripartum period. Research shows reliability and validity in pregnancy.Prior to randomization, trained independent evaluators administered the SCID-5 at baselin... | PMC10116385 | |
Sociodemographic and Obstetric Characteristics | Research staff blinded to condition collected sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics. Birth date, socioeconomic status, cohabitation with partner, marital status, educational attainment, race (categories: American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, European, Middle Eastern, Native Hawaiian ... | PMC10116385 | ||
Data Analytic Strategy | reduced depression, depression | All models were fit using SAS statistical software version 9.4 (SAS Institute). All analyses were conducted with the full intention-to-treat sample. We compared differences by condition on baseline demographic and clinical characteristics using To test hypotheses that participants assigned to IPT would experience reduc... | PMC10116385 | |
Results | PMC10116385 | |||
Preliminary Analyses | Of 234 individuals, 119 were allocated to EUC and 115 assigned to IPT (106 of whom received intervention, and 9 participated in no intervention sessions). Participants reported their race and ethnicity as 10 (4.3%) Asian, 21 (9%) Black, 43 (18.4%) Latine, 1 (0.4%) Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 101 (43.2%) non-Hi... | PMC10116385 | ||
Descriptive Information for the Study Sample | MDD, depressive disorder | Abbreviations: EUC, enhanced usual care; IPT, interpersonal psychotherapy; MDD, major depressive disorder (diagnosis per Structured Clinical Interview using Effect sizes for continuous measures are Cohen Retention rates through prenatal assessments were 88% (101 of 115) in IPT and 87% (104 of 119) in EUC (χ | PMC10116385 | |
Intervention Effects | PMC10116385 | |||
SCL-20 | depression | There was a differential rate of change in depression symptoms assessed via SCL-20 between IPT and EUC from randomization through the end of gestation ( | PMC10116385 | |
Model-Based Estimated Depression Symptoms Over Time for IPT and EUC | depressive disorder, Depression | Abbreviations: EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; EUC, enhanced usual care; IPT, interpersonal psychotherapy; SCL-20, 20-item Symptom Checklist.Mean estimates and standard error derived from the fitted hierarchical linear modeling adjusted for covariates and the variance-covariance structure. Test of significa... | PMC10116385 | |
Effect of Intervention on Depression Symptom Trajectories Over Pregnancy | Depressive | The color shaded regions represent 95% CIs. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) results with full sample for intent-to-treat analyses included 115 individuals in the interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) group and 119 in the enhanced usual care (EUC) group. A, Depressive symptoms were measured by the 20-item Symptom Checkli... | PMC10116385 | |
EPDS | A differential rate of change over time between IPT and EUC groups was observed for EPDS ( | PMC10116385 | ||
Effect of Intervention on Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) | With full sample for intent-to-treat analyses (interpersonal psychotherapy [IPT]: n = 115; enhanced usual care [EUC]: n = 119), between-groups analysis showed significant difference (χ | PMC10116385 | ||
Moderator Analyses | MDD, SCL-20 | We evaluated baseline MDD and GA at randomization as potential a priori moderators of treatment effects on primary study outcomes. Neither baseline MDD (SCL-20: | PMC10116385 | |
Discussion | MDD, depression, elevated depression | There is critical need to reduce depression during pregnancy given consequences for both mother and developing fetus. We initiated the Care Project to tackle this unaddressed challenge of decreasing depression for pregnant individuals with elevated depression (MDD and symptoms). Study findings demonstrated that a safe,... | PMC10116385 | |
Strengths and Limitations | MDD, depression | Strengths of the present work enhance confidence in the findings. The USPSTFRegarding limitations, inclusion of only English-speaking participants limits generalizability. Our intentional focus on the prenatal period precludes evaluating persistence of depression improvement after pregnancy. Further, depression symptom... | PMC10116385 | |
Conclusions | MDD, depression, neurodevelopmental delays | Prenatal maternal depression is one of the strongest contributors to intergenerational transmission of depression, other forms of psychopathology, and neurodevelopmental delays.From an implementation perspective, it is encouraging that IPT reduced depression relatively quickly after starting treatment and that recipien... | PMC10116385 | |
References | psychiatric | SENSITIVITY | Trial protocolClick here for additional data file.eMethods 1. Additional details on CONSORT diagram for exclusionseMethods 2. Adherence and fidelity ratingseFigure. Depiction of general Care Project RCT timeline, with the time points and study elements occurring when they tended to happen on average for modal participa... | PMC10116385 |
Methods | This was a phase III, observer-blind, randomized, non-inferiority, multi-center study conducted in India among 460 infants who were followed up for safety and immunogenicity for 28 days after administration of three doses of either investigational or licensed comparator formulations at 6–8, 10–12 and 14–16 weeks of age... | PMC10426953 | ||
Results | HEPATITIS B, PERTUSSIS, HIB | The investigational formulation of DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine was non-inferior to the licensed formulation in terms of hepatitis B seroprotection rate (% of subjects with HepB antibodies ≥10mIU/mL were 99.1% versus 99.0%, respectively, corresponding to a difference of 0.1% (95% CI, -2.47 to 2.68)) and pertussis immune respo... | PMC10426953 | |
Conclusions | The investigational DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation was immunogenic and well-tolerated when administered as three dose primary series in infants. | PMC10426953 | ||
Clinical trial registration | Clinical Trials Registry India number: | PMC10426953 | ||
Data Availability | Qualified researchers may request access to patient-level data and related study documents, including the clinical study report, study protocol with any amendments, blank case report form, statistical analysis plan, and dataset specifications. Patient-level data will be anonymized, and study documents will be redacted ... | PMC10426953 | ||
Methods | PMC10426953 | |||
Study design and participants | ICH, tetanus | TETANUS, HIB | This was a phase 3, randomized, observer-blind study conducted in 8 centers across India among 460 infants who were followed up for safety and immunogenicity for 28 days after administration of three doses of either investigational or licensed comparator DTwP-HepB-Hib formulations at 6–8, 10–12 and 14–16 weeks of age. ... | PMC10426953 |
Immunogenicity assessment | FHA | SECONDARY, PERTUSSIS | All subjects provided a pre-vaccination (baseline) blood sample at day 0 and a post-vaccination sample 28 days after administration of the third dose (day 84). The serological primary endpoints were assessed 28 days after the third dose of the primary series for the non-inferiority analyses. HepB seroprotection status ... | PMC10426953 |
Safety assessment | vomiting, abnormal crying, convulsions, drowsiness, loss of appetite, fever, erythema, pain, irritability | ADVERSE EVENTS, FEBRILE CONVULSION, ERYTHEMA, ENCEPHALOPATHY, HAND SWELLING, HYPOTONIC | Subjects were observed for 30 min after vaccination to assess the occurrence of any immediate adverse events (AEs). Participants were provided with diary cards, digital thermometers, and flexible rulers to record daily body temperature as well as solicited injection site (pain, erythema, and swelling) and systemic reac... | PMC10426953 |
Statistical analysis | HEPATITIS B, PERTUSSIS, PERTUSSIS, SECONDARY, HEP B, HEPATITIS B | For HepB, non-inferiority testing was based on the use of the two-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference of proportions of subjects with an anti-HBs Ab concentration ≥ 10 mIU/mL at day 84. The 95% CI of the difference was calculated using Wilson score method without continuity correction. Hepatitis B non-... | PMC10426953 | |
Results | A total of 460 subjects were enrolled between December 22, 2018, and April 08, 2019, and randomized into 2 groups, group 1 (Investigational DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation, primary series, n = 232) and group 2 (Comparator (licensed) DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation, primary series, n = 228). A total of 447 subjects ... | PMC10426953 | ||
Subject disposition. | PMC10426953 | |||
Baseline demography of randomized group (FAS). | SD, standard deviation | PMC10426953 | ||
Immunogenicity | PMC10426953 | |||
Hepatitis B seroprotection rate (primary objective) | The investigational DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation (group 1) was non-inferior to the comparator DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation (group 2) for anti HBsAg in terms of post-dose 3 seroprotection rates in the PPAS population. Seroprotection against HepB at post-dose 3 was observed in 99.1% (95% CI, 96.6–99.9) and 99.0... | PMC10426953 | ||
Pertussis immune responses (primary objective) | hepatitis B | HEPATITIS B, PERTUSSIS | The investigational DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation (group 1) was non-inferior to the comparator DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation (group 2) for anti-pertussis responses in terms of post-dose 3 aGMCs in the PPAS population. The aGMC for anti-PT at day 84 were 76.7 EU/mL (95% CI, 62.1–94.7) and 63.3 EU/mL (95% CI, 50.... | PMC10426953 |
Secondary objectives | HIB | The immune responses to the antigens of the five valences (D, T, P, HepB and Hib) in the investigational and comparator vaccine groups were also similar (Tables | PMC10426953 | |
Summary of seroprotection and seronconversion rates—Pre-dose 1 and post-dose 3 (PPAS). | PERTUSSIS | n refers to the number of subjects experiencing the endpoint listed in the first three columns; M refers to the number of subjects with available data for the relevant endpoint; *Vaccine response is defined as: If the pre-primary vaccination concentration is < 4 x LLOQ, then the post-primary vaccination concentration i... | PMC10426953 | |
Summary of geometric means—Pre-dose 1 and post-dose 3 (PPAS). | M refers to the number of subjects with available data for the relevant endpoint. | PMC10426953 | ||
Safety | There were no AEs leading to study discontinuation, no SAEs and no AESI reported in the study. No immediate AEs were reported after any vaccination in both investigational and comparator vaccine groups. Solicited reactions (injection site reactions and systemic reactions) within 7 days after any vaccination were report... | PMC10426953 | ||
Subjects reporting solicited injection site reactions after all and each vaccination. | PMC10426953 | |||
Subjects reporting solicited systemic reactions after all and each vaccine injection. | Unsolicited AEs within 28 days after any vaccine injection were reported in 4.7% (11/233) and 4.0% (9/227) of subjects of investigational and comparator vaccine groups respectively ( | PMC10426953 | ||
Unsolicited AEs within 28 days after any vaccine injections, by system organ class and preferred term (safety analysis set). | n refers number of subjects experiencing the endpoint listed in the first column. | PMC10426953 | ||
Discussion | diphtheria, tetanus | DIPHTHERIA, PERTUSSIS, PERTUSSIS, HEP B, HIB, TETANUS | This phase 3 study conducted in India evaluated the safety and immunogenicity in 460 infants followed up for 28 days after administration of three doses of either investigational or existing vaccine formulations of the SHIPL DTwP-HepB-Hib pentavalent vaccine at 6–8 weeks, 10–12 weeks and 14–16 weeks of age when adminis... | PMC10426953 |
Conclusions | PERTUSSIS, HIB | The study demonstrated that the investigational DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation was non-inferior to the licensed comparator DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine formulation both in terms of HepB seroprotection rate and in terms of pertussis immune responses. The immune responses to all the antigens (D, T, P, HepB and Hib) in both t... | PMC10426953 | |
Supporting information | PMC10426953 | |||
CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial*. | SBKS | (DOC)Click here for additional data file.(PDF)Click here for additional data file.The authors would like to thank the parents of all study subjects for consenting to participate in this research study; all the investigators and their site staff of the Departments of Paediatrics, Mysore Medical College, Mysore, KLES Dr ... | PMC10426953 | |
Abbreviations | HEPATITIS B, PERTUSSIS | antibody; AE, adverse eventAEs of special interestadjusted geometric mean concentrationsconfidence intervaldiphtheriaDrugs Controller General of IndiaDTP immunoassay by multiplexed Electro Chemiluminescent methodfull analyses set; FHA, filamentous hemagglutininfimbriaegeometric mean concentrationsgeometric mean concent... | PMC10426953 | |
References | PMC10426953 | |||
Background | hand dexterity, early-phase motor learning | CORTEX | The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is involved in early-phase manual dexterity skill acquisition when cognitive control processes, such as integration and complexity demands, are required. However, the effectiveness of left DLPFC transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on early-phase motor learning ... | PMC9951449 |
Methods | In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, 70 healthy, right-handed, young adult participants were recruited. They were randomly allocated to the active tDCS (2 mA for 20 min) or sham groups and repeatedly performed the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) left-handed peg task and left-handed assembly task three ti... | PMC9951449 | ||
Results | The final sample comprised 66 healthy young adults (mean age, 22.73 ± 1.57 years). There were significant interactions between group and time in both PPT tasks, indicating significantly higher performance of those in the active tDCS group than those in the sham group post tDCS (p < 0.001). Moreover, a greater benefit w... | PMC9951449 | ||
Supplementary Information | The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-023-03989-9. | PMC9951449 | ||
Keywords | PMC9951449 | |||
Background | upper-limb motor learning, human behavior | Motor skill learning is crucial for optimizing human behavior and essential in a variety of daily life situations. The motor learning theory of Fitts and Posner [Moreover, the DLPFC is highly activated during the performance of unfamiliar or complex fine motor skill tasks with bimanual and unimanual non-dominant hands ... | PMC9951449 | |
Methods | PMC9951449 |
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