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Trial design and participants
handedness
This study was a double-blinded, randomized, sham-controlled trial with stratification by age, sex, and handedness score (Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, [EHI]) [Written informed consent was obtained from all volunteers along with demographic information, handedness, and their experience with the PPT.This study was app...
PMC9951449
Experimental procedure
’ adverse effects, pain
The experimental procedure consisted of three phases: pre-assessment, assessment, and post-assessment (Fig. Schematic representation of the experimental procedure and design. In the assessment phase, all participants performed the two PPT subtests (the left-handed peg and the assembly task, see the A 10-min rest period...
PMC9951449
Two subtests of PPT
The PPT is widely used as a hand function test in therapy, rehabilitation, and treatment to evaluate dexterity performance. It assesses dexterity of precision grip using two subtests [The left-handed peg task required participants to insert as many pegs into the holes as possible within 60 s, and the score is the numbe...
PMC9951449
Transcranial direct current stimulation
CORTEX
Stimulation was delivered using a DC-STIMULATOR PLUS (NeuroConn GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany) through a pair of 0.9% saline-soaked 5 × 7 cm electrodes, resulting in a current density of 0.057 mA/cmLeft DLPFC (F3) and orbitofrontal cortex (Fp2) electrode placement (international 10/20 system). The left image shows the electro...
PMC9951449
Statistical analyses
Baseline characteristics and the assessment of blinding and sensation questionnaire were analyzed using a t-test or chi-square test.For the number of completions in each PPT subtest, a 2 × 3 mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA), with group (active tDCS or sham) as the between-participants factor and time (baseline...
PMC9951449
Results
PMC9951449
Comparison of normalized PPT task performance
Table Effects of tDCS stimulation on the normalized Z-scores of the two PPT subtests. The results of 2 × 2 × 2 mixed-design analysis of variance of the normalized Z-scores with group as the between-participant factor and time and task type as the within-participant factors. The displayed points show the individual Z-sc...
PMC9951449
Relationship between the PPT task performance at baseline and changes in the PPT task performance in each evaluation period
There was no significant correlation between the PPT task performance at baseline and changes in each task performance in online and offline sessions in the active tDCS groups (all, p > 0.08) (Fig. Scatterplots for relationship between PPT task performance at baseline and online and offline session changes. Left, scatt...
PMC9951449
Discussion
upper-limb motor learning
CORTEX
This prospective, hypothesis-driven, double-blind, randomized controlled trial demonstrated that tDCS over the left DLPFC significantly enhanced early-phase upper-limb motor learning in both the left-handed simple peg and assembly tasks, which was the result anticipated by our hypothesis. Importantly, this study fulfil...
PMC9951449
Limitations
handedness, upper-limb motor learning
There are some limitations to this study. First, only single-session tDCS in the initial stage of upper-limb motor learning was evaluated. The tDCS-induced gain in motor learning of the non-dominant hand should be evaluated in long-term continuous training, rather than in a single efficacy test. Moreover, retention of ...
PMC9951449
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that tDCS significantly improved early-phase manual dexterity skill acquisition regardless of baseline performance level, particularly in tasks requiring high cognitive demand. tDCS on the left DLPFC can potentially accelerate early-phase manual dexterity skill acquisition and contribute to furt...
PMC9951449
Acknowledgements
Not applicable.
PMC9951449
Author contributions
HT
AW conceptualized and designed the experiment, acquired data, and participated in the formal analysis, visualization, writing of the original draft, and writing review and editing. DS worked on the conceptualization, project administration, experiment design, methodology, validation, data acquisition, formal analysis, ...
PMC9951449
Funding
This research did not receive any specific Grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
PMC9951449
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
PMC9951449
Declarations
PMC9951449
Ethics approval and consent to participate
This study was approved by the relevant ethics committee (Approval Number: 21–85) and registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry in Japan (UMIN000046868). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
PMC9951449
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
PMC9951449
Competing interests
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
PMC9951449
References
PMC9951449
Background
To compare the accuracy of dental implant placement using a novel dental implant robotic system (THETA) and a dynamic navigation system (Yizhimei) by a
PMC10052843
Methods
10 partially edentulous jaws models were included in this study, and 20 sites were randomly assigned into two groups: the dental implant robotic system (THETA) group and a dynamic navigation system (Yizhimei) group. 20 implants were placed in the defects according to each manufacturer’s protocol respectively. The impla...
PMC10052843
Results
angulation
A total of 20 implants were placed in 10 phantoms. The comparison deviation of implant platform, apex and angulation in THETA group were 0.58 ± 0.31 mm, 0.69 ± 0.28 mm, and 1.08 ± 0.66
PMC10052843
Conclusion
The implant positioning accuracy of the robotic system, especially the angular deviation was superior to that of the dynamic navigation system, suggesting that the THETA robotic system could be a promising tool in dental implant surgery in the future. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the current results.
PMC10052843
Keywords
PMC10052843
Background
SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS
The accuracy of implant placement including its position, angle, and depth within the jawbone is essential and would affect its long-term stability, survival and success rate [Computer-assisted dynamic navigation allows tracking the position of the drilling needle during the implant procedure, avoiding damage to adjace...
PMC10052843
Materials and methods
PMC10052843
The experimental operational procedure
tooth
10 partially edentulous models containing 20 tooth missing sites were included in this study, and randomly divided into two groups, the tooth position, bone density and implant information were shown in Table  Detail of experimental groups4543Nobel PCC RP 4.3 × 11.5 mmNobel PCC NP 3.5 × 8 mm4543Nobel PCC RP 4.3 × 11.5 ...
PMC10052843
THETA robotic-assisted dental implant surgery procedure
The THETA robotic dental implant system (Hangzhou Jianjia Robot Company, Hangzhou, China) is an integrated implant surgical robot and could complete dental implant surgery, which is composed of hardware including a mechanical arm, a binocular camera, an industrial control computer, an integrating platform, and an opera...
PMC10052843
Yizhimei dynamic navigation-assisted implant surgery procedure
tooth
CAVITY
The Yizhimei computer-assisted dynamic navigation system (DHC-D12, Digital-health Care Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China) consists of a cart (including host, display, infrared tracking and positioning device, dynamic navigation system software), registration device, fixture device, reference board, and implant handpiece with lo...
PMC10052843
Accuracy analysis
After the implant was placed, postoperative CBCT was performed using the same parameters. The accuracy was analyzed by a open-source software 3D Slicer (Version 4.13, Harvard, Boston, USA, Fusion and calibration of preoperative and postoperative images by 3D Slicer Illustration of deviations (platform, apex and angula...
PMC10052843
Statistical analysis
The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 17.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). All data were presented as mean, maximal/minimal value (max./min.), standardized deviation (SD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The normality distribution of the data was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The intra-group corr...
PMC10052843
Results
angulation
In total, ten implants were placed on the partially edentulous model using the THETA robotic system and the Yizhimei dynamic navigation system, respectively. The deviations in the platform and apex points and angle of the two groups were summarized in Tables  Implant deviations using THETA robotic system Implant deviat...
PMC10052843
Discussion
angulation, tooth
The long-term success and survival of dental implants require precise positioning of the implant on the basis of the restoration. Computer-assisted systems of different technological approaches are currently used in clinical practice to improve the accuracy of implant placement, mainly including static surgical templat...
PMC10052843
Acknowledgements
Not applicable.
PMC10052843
Author contributions
Jianping Chen, Xiaolei Bai, Yude Ding, Liheng Shen, Xin Sun, Ruijue Cao, Fan Yang, Linhong Wang, —performed the experimental and analytical part.Jianping Chen, Xiaolei Bai, and Yude Ding did the statistical analysis.Jianping Chen, Liheng Shen, Linhong Wang, and Fan Yang—wrote the main manuscript.Jianping Chen, Liheng S...
PMC10052843
Funding
This study was supported by Zhejiang Provincial Medical Science and Technology Planning Project (No. 2020KY010, 2021KY568).
PMC10052843
Data availability
All data are calculated by the software itself. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
PMC10052843
Declarations
PMC10052843
Ethics approval and consent to participate
This article does not report on any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
PMC10052843
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
PMC10052843
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
PMC10052843
References
PMC10052843
Objective
death, heart disease, CHD, disability, chronic disease
CHRONIC DISEASE, CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, HEART DISEASE, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Edited by: Pål Aukrust, Oslo University Hospital, NorwayReviewed by: Wenyue Cao, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Tuva Dahl, Oslo University Hospital, Norway†These authors have contributed equally to this workCoronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases, a common chronic...
PMC10682191
Method
REGRESSION
7115 patients from the Multi-Parameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care Database IV were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n = 5692) and internal validation cohort (n = 1423), and 701 patients from the eICU Collaborative Research Database served as the external validation cohort. The association between...
PMC10682191
Results
CHD
REGRESSION
Various inflammatory indicators were demonstrated to be significantly associated with ICU mortality, 30-day ICU mortality, and 90-day ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD by Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards model. The area under the curve of the novel predictive model for ICU mortality in ICU...
PMC10682191
Conclusion
CHD
In ICU patients with CHD, various inflammatory indicators were independent risk factors for ICU mortality. We constructed a novel predictive model of ICU mortality risk in ICU patients with CHD that had great potential to guide clinical decision-making.
PMC10682191
Introduction
ST-segment elevation, death, myocardial infarction, inflammation, CHD, chronic disease, non-ST-segment elevation, disability, diabetes
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, CORONARY HEART DISEASE, INFLAMMATION, DISEASES, DIABETES, CHRONIC DISEASE, BLOOD, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, DYSLIPIDEMIA
Coronary heart disease (CHD), one of the major cardiovascular diseases, is a common chronic disease in the elderly and is the leading cause of disability and death in the world (The main known risk factors for the diagnosis or prognosis of CHD include dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking (Blood test...
PMC10682191
Methods
PMC10682191
Sources of data
RECRUITMENT
Our study data were obtained from a publicly accessible Multi-Parameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care Database IV (MIMIC IV, version 2.0, recruitment during 2012 to 2019) as detailed in previous publications (
PMC10682191
Study participants
organ failure, CHD
DISEASES, CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Our study included all adult patients with CHD admitted to the ICU according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD) version 9 or 10 (We included all patients who contained any ICD codes related to coronary artery). The exclusion criteria were as follows (1) records of multiple ICU admissions other than the f...
PMC10682191
Extraction of variables and study outcomes
We extracted the following data: demographic characteristics, vital signs, comorbidities, severity scores on admission to the ICU, laboratory results (within the first day of admission to the ICU), interventions, and medications. For variables measured multiple times, we used the first value. Our primary outcomes: all-...
PMC10682191
Definition
SII was defined as platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte. SIRI was defined as neutrophil × monocyte/lymphocyte. NLP was defined as neutrophil/lymphocyte. PLR was defined as platelet/lymphocyte. NLPR was defined as neutrophil/(lymphocyte × platelet). AISI was defined as neutrophils × monocytes × platelets/lymphocytes.
PMC10682191
Statistical analysis
malignant cancer, organ failure, CHD, deaths, dyslipidemia
ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE, REGRESSION, DYSLIPIDEMIA
For continuous variables, normality was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. And depending on the type and distribution of the variable, the normal distribution was expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD) and differences between groups were assessed using the t-test, and the non-normal distribution was expressed a...
PMC10682191
Results
PMC10682191
Comparison of ICU survival and death in ICU patients with CHD
death, CHF, ARF, organ failure, CHD
CHF, SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, ARF, INFLAMMATION, ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE, ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
In our study, 7115 ICU patients with CHD were included and the median (IQR) age of all patients was 71.43 (63.08 - 79.60), 68.9% patients were male and 69.7% patients were White. We divided all patients into two groups based on ICU survival and death (details shown in Baseline characteristics of ICU patients with CHD.A...
PMC10682191
Association between inflammatory indicators and ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD
malignant cancer, organ failure, inflammation, dyslipidemia
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, INFLAMMATION, ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE, DYSLIPIDEMIA
Based on The association of each inflammatory indicator with ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD.Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age, male, race; Model 3: adjusted for age, male, race, heart rate, respiratory rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen, sequential organ failure assessment score, acute exacerbat...
PMC10682191
Association between inflammatory indicators and 30-day ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD
malignant cancer, organ failure, dyslipidemia
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, INFLAMMATION, ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE, DYSLIPIDEMIA
Based on The association of each inflammatory indicator with 30-day ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD.Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age, male, race; Model 3: adjusted for age, male, race, heart rate, respiratory rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen, sequential organ failure assessment score, acute ex...
PMC10682191
Association between inflammatory indicators and 90-day ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD
malignant cancer, organ failure, dyslipidemia
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, INFLAMMATION, ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE, DYSLIPIDEMIA
Based on The association of each inflammatory indicator with 90-day ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD.Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age, male, race; Model 3: adjusted for age, male, race, heart rate, respiratory rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen, sequential organ failure assessment score, acute ex...
PMC10682191
Cumulative outcomes based on quartile groups of inflammation indicators
inflammation, deaths, CHD
INFLAMMATION, CORONARY HEART DISEASE
To further explore the association of inflammation indicators with ICU deaths, we plotted Kaplan-Meier cumulative curves for the study outcomes. According to Kaplan-Mill survival analysis of cumulative all-cause mortality in CHD patients within 90 Days of ICU admission. CHD, coronary heart disease; ICU, intensive care ...
PMC10682191
Development of the novel predictive model
organ failure
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, INFLAMMATION, REGRESSION
Given that these inflammatory indicators were independent risk factors for ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD, our aim was to construct a novel model to predict ICU mortality in ICU patients with CHD using these inflammatory indicators combined with the SOFA score. We divided patients from MIMIC into a training coh...
PMC10682191
Validation of the novel predictive model
Our external validation cohort was derived from the EICU database, based on the same inclusion and exclusion criteria, the SOFA value was calculated, and excluded individuals with missing data, finally 701 patients were obtained. According to ROC, calibration curves, and DCA in the internal validation cohort
PMC10682191
Clinical application of the novel predictive model
organ failure
INFLAMMATION
To validate the performance of our model for clinical applications, we plotted DCA curves and compared our model to SOFA scores. In both the internal validation set and the external validation set, our model-guided medical interventions provide excellent net benefits and outperform the SOFA score, the details of which ...
PMC10682191
Discussion
anaemia, death, inflammation, RDW, infection, CHD, atherosclerosis, tissue damage
ANAEMIA, INFLAMMATION, LYSIS, INFECTION, CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS, INFLAMMATION OR INFECTION, ATHEROSCLEROSIS
This was the first study to assess the relationship between the composite inflammation indicators and mortality in ICU patients with CHD. Most inflammation indicators in our study were significantly associated with ICU mortality in the retrospective MIMIC IV database of ICU patients with CHD. Demonstrating the signific...
PMC10682191
Conclusion
inflammation, death
INFLAMMATION
Our study revealed that inflammation indicators SII, SIRI, NLR, PLR, NLPR, AISI, and RDW were significantly associated with ICU mortality. Furthermore, we constructed a novel predictive model by combining some of these indicators with SOFA to predict the risk of ICU death in ICU patients with CHD, which has a remarkabl...
PMC10682191
Data availability statement
Publicly available datasets were analyzed in this study. This data can be found here: MIMIC IV, EICU.
PMC10682191
Ethics statement
Ethical approval was not required for the study involving humans in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. Written informed consent to participate in this study was not required from the participants or the participants’ legal guardians/next of kin in accordance with the national legislat...
PMC10682191
Author contributions
MM
YCheng: Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. YChen: Data curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing. MM: Formal Analysis, Software, Writing – original draft. RW: Formal Analysis, Software, Writing – ...
PMC10682191
Acknowledgments
We appreciate all of the investigators and subjects who took part in this study.
PMC10682191
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
PMC10682191
Publisher’s note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or ...
PMC10682191
References
PMC10682191
Introduction
overweight
Chronic stress and overweight are of major public health relevance and there is a growing body of evidence that suggests that these two phenomena are connectedOn the one hand, being overweight is associated with higher psychological stressOn the other hand, psychological stress is associated with overweightFirstly, the...
PMC9977731
Research gap
obesity
OBESITY
As described, a reduction of stress-eating is a promising target in the endeavours to combat obesity. To date, however, no studies have prospectively investigated the role of stress-related eating behaviour on the weight reduction effect of comprehensive healthy lifestyle intervention programs using standardized and va...
PMC9977731
Methods
PMC9977731
Study aim and hypotheses
weight reduction
DISEASES
We examined the effects of the holistic Healthy Lifestyle Community Programme (HLCP, cohort 1) on changes in stress-related eating behaviour, represented by emotional, external and restrained eatingWe hypothesized that weight change in participants with a low level of perceived stress would be more pronounced than in t...
PMC9977731
Study design
SECONDARY
This report is based on a secondary analysis after 8 weeks, based on a non-randomized, controlled intervention trial with a duration of 24 months
PMC9977731
Study population
The sample size was calculated for the primary outcome of weight reductionParticipants of the intervention group and control group were recruited in two separate small municipalities (‘intervention municipality’ and ‘control municipality’) to keep the participants of the control group unaware of the lifestyle recommend...
PMC9977731
Participants’ flow diagram
A participants’ flow diagram shows the study process from enrolment to analysis in Fig. CONSORT structure participants’ flow diagram; participants categorized as “lost to follow-up” withdraw from the study with the given reason. In the IG, information is given on how many participants discontinued the intervention (e.g...
PMC9977731
Data assessment
PMC9977731
Health check-ups
Baseline data were collected in April and October 2017 in intervention group and control group, respectively (see
PMC9977731
Anthropometric parameters
Body weight was determined by calibrated body scales, body height by self-report and BMI (kg/m
PMC9977731
Stress-related eating behaviour
Participants answered the German version of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ)
PMC9977731
Perceived stress level
In order to assess the psychosocial stress status, participants completed the German version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10)
PMC9977731
Further parameters
In the main analysis of the study
PMC9977731
Lifestyle intervention
The intervention was led by the study team and cooperating health care providers (e. g. local practitioners) and has been described in detail previouslyAfter the coaching sessions, the intensive phase continued with of 14 consecutive seminars (twice per week for 2 h each) with a strong emphasis on the potential of beha...
PMC9977731
Control group (CG)
Participants of the control group did not receive any intervention. For ethical reasons, they were informed about their health check-up results and were offered to participate in a subsequent HLCP after completion of the study.
PMC9977731
Statistics
overweight
REGRESSION, REGRESSION
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), categorical variables as frequencies and valid percent. Normality was tested using the Shapiro–Wilk test and judged by histograms. All data were analysed in accordance with the predefined study plan. All available data were analysed. Missing data wer...
PMC9977731
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Westphalia-Lippe Medical Association and the Muenster University (Muenster, Germany; approval number 2017-105-f-S; approved April 5th 2017). All participants provided wr...
PMC9977731
Results
PMC9977731
Changes of weight, stress level and stress-eating after 8 weeks
overweight, P., weight reduction
As described beforeChange of perceived stress and stress-related eating behaviour after 8 weeks in participants with normal weight and overweight of the intervention and control group.Significant values are in bold.Normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/mIn the intervention group, but not in the control group (p > 0.158), particip...
PMC9977731
Multiple linear regression modelling (MLR)
weight gain, weight loss
When adjusting for the baseline value of the respective variables, MLR revealed no significant impact of the HLCP on emotional (corrected [corr.] RHowever, the changes of the three stress-related eating styles were not predictive for weight loss in the intervention group (emotional eating: p = 0.500; external eating: p...
PMC9977731
Discussion
weight gain, overweight, weight reduction, chronic disease
REGRESSION, RECRUITMENT, CHRONIC DISEASE
The Healthy Lifestyle Community Program (HLCP, cohort 1) resulted in a change of stress-related eating behaviour after 8 weeks, which was measured by emotional and external eating, which decreased, and restraint eating, which increased. This is in line with our hypotheses before the onset of the study. Although, multip...
PMC9977731
Conclusions
obesity, overweight, weight loss
OBESITY
Our study is the first one to prospectively investigate the role of stress-related eating behaviour on the weight reduction effect of comprehensive healthy lifestyle intervention programs using standardized and validated instruments and assessing key variables of eating behaviour. Our data confirm the assumption that o...
PMC9977731
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the study participants, the local stakeholders involved, e.g. city administration, medical practitioners, clubs and volunteers, Matthias Borowski for his statistical advice, our student helpers and the entire research group, especially Sarah Husain, Christian Koeder, Alwine Kraatz, Ragna-Marie Kr...
PMC9977731
Author contributions
C.A.: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, participant management, data assessment and curation, writing: original draft review and editing of the manuscript, visualization, project administration, funding acquisition. K.H.: methodology, medical advice, writing: review and editing...
PMC9977731
Funding
Diabetes
DIABETES
Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This work was conducted as part of the project “KRAKE” and was funded by EUREGIO within the INTERREG V A programme Deutschland-Nederland (ANBest INTERREG DE-NL) with the following grant number: 203018. Additionally, the German Diabetes Foundation (DDS) funded t...
PMC9977731
Data availability
The data are available from the corresponding author (CA) upon reasonable request.
PMC9977731
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
PMC9977731
References
PMC9977731